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Recent community posts
The blue dots are neutrons. The red and black balls are atoms. The black atoms are black to show that they have already reacted and are not as reactive. The yellow rays are gamma rays (high energy light) that are sometimes given off. When a neutron hits an atom, it can be absorbed or it can cause the atom to react to cause it to divide (fission).
The chance of reaction, absorption, or a gamma ray being given off is based on approximations of the real chances. | <urn:uuid:8cae36ca-fe25-4cff-ad7b-0ab143365259> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://itch.io/profile/farorbit | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.945264 | 112 | 2.71875 | 3 |
MATERIAL: THE STONES ARE MADE BY USING ABRASIVES SUCH AS WA AND AN INORGANIC COMPOUND
binder. Most of man-made stones are made by vitrified resinous, and cement consolidation. These stones are made differently from them.
The main feature of WA abrasive is its ability to cut hard steels faster and wear slowly. Each stone has a very consistent particle size resulting in a smoother finish as each consequent grain is closer and sharpens out the previous grind mark. The reason for laminating the stone with tempered is to keep the abrasive part as flat as much as possible because the stone usually distorts after water penetration.
Stop using immediately if the glass is either broken or cracked on impact. Take care that the sharpening slurry is not left on the stone after using otherwise it maybond with the stone on drying. Take care that glass stones are not kept in water.Otherwise it will greatly shorten the durability of the stone. Avoid storing in the places which reach high or low temperatures. Extreme temperatures will cause cracking. Take care that glass stones are not placed in a location subject to direct sunlight. The stones may get weathered and cause cracking. Take care that glass stones are not dried rapidly with fan, drier, etc. This will cause breaking or cracking.Take care that hot water is not put on glass stones. This will cause breaking or cracking.Take care that detergent is not used for glass stones. This will cause loss of sharpening capability. | <urn:uuid:6c3427ea-cddd-41cd-8306-56ecf3fab5ab> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://japaneseknifecompany.com/product/30000-grits-glass-stone/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.929762 | 314 | 2.59375 | 3 |
A dental implant is an artificial tooth root used in dentistry to support restorations that resemble a tooth or group of teeth.
Dental implants are an excellent solution for the millions of people who have permanently lost a single tooth, many teeth or for those who use dentures. Made of materials that are compatible with human bone and tissue, dental implants provide artificial teeth that look natural and feel secure. They can also be used to attach full or partial dentures.
Conventional dentures and bridges:
- Are often uncomfortable
- May limit a person’s ability to speak
- May limit a person’s ability eat normally due to slippage
- People feel self-conscious wearing their dentures
Dental implants can greatly enhance a person’s quality of life by providing the following:
- Restoring normal chewing and speaking functions
- Increasing your confidence by replacing teeth that won’t move or loosen and have the same look, feel and function of your natural teeth
- Eliminating irritated and painful gums, as well as damaging pressure on remaining natural teeth caused by dentures
- Helping to stop the progressive bone loss and shrinkage of your jawbone by “mimicking” the roots of natural teeth
Patients who receive dental implants must be in good health, have a healthy lifestyle and healthy gums, adequate bone to support implants and be committed to excellent oral hygiene and regular dental visits. If your surgeon determines that you are an appropriate candidate for the procedure, he/she will work in close collaboration with your dentist to develop a dental implant treatment program.
Implant procedures are performed either in a dental office or hospital, depending on a variety of factors. A local or general anesthetic may be used to relax you during the procedure. Following surgery, pain medication and antibiotics may be prescribed if necessary.
In most cases, dental implant surgery involves two procedures. The entire process, from evaluation to completion, usually takes six to eight months.
The procedure involves two main steps:
- Placement of Implants: First, implants are surgically placed into your jawbone. These devices, which are typically made of titanium, form the framework for securely holding replacement teeth. This procedure can take up to six hours. Some patients experience minor pain and swelling immediately afterwards, although your surgeon can prescribe you a medication to relieve any discomfort.For the next three to six months following surgery, the implants begin to bond with your jawbone beneath your gums (osseointegration). During this period, you will able to wear temporary dentures, eat soft food and continue your normal daily routine.
- Placement of Artificial Teeth: Once your implants have completely bonded with your jawbone, the second phase of the procedure will be performed. Your oral and maxillofacial surgeon will uncover the implants and attach small posts that act as anchors for the artificial teeth, which are specially designed by a dentist with training in restorative techniques.
The vast majority of patients are extremely happy with their dental implants and experience a significant improvement in their quality of life.
To achieve long-term success with your dental implants, proper brushing, flushing, rinsing and routine dental check-ups are essential. Your surgeon will discuss your follow-up care in more detail after your dental implant procedure. | <urn:uuid:ef2f4385-6f76-4491-8cab-598d4dc9c936> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://jubileemedicalclinic.com/oral/dental-implants/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.9343 | 681 | 3 | 3 |
The Whole-Brain Child by Daniel Siegel and Tina Payne Bryson is a book written for parents or anyone who may be around a child from the age of birth to 12. Dr. Daniel Siegel is known in the psychology field by his research of the brain; integrating the different parts and using tools to develop it. He uses a lot of mindfulness techniques.
The book is divided into 5 basic sections of brain education and tools to help your child with development of the various parts. The 5 sections include; left and right brain, upstairs and downstairs brain, memories, mindsight(looking inward), and empathy and connection.
I found this book to be a quick but informative read. I love the symbols they use to describe more complex functions of the brain. For example: “As a result, kids are prone to getting “trapped downstairs,” without the use of their upstairs brain, which results in them flying off the handle, making poor decisions, and showing a general lack of empathy and self-understanding.” The authors include comics of typical scenarios with responses as well as their suggested responses. I think the tools in each chapter are valuable for parents. The end of the book includes each section with how to implement the tools, divided up by age ranges.
Read this book if:
- You are a parent of a child from 0-12 or work with children in this age range.
- Want more brain development information.
- Looking for better ways to communicate with your child.
- Want more tools as a parent in handling the emotional ups and downs of your child.
Siegel, D. J., & Bryson, T. P. (2011). The whole-brain child: 12 revolutionary strategies to nurture your child’s developing mind. New York: Delacorte Press. | <urn:uuid:c667b515-cebf-42a5-a87d-241340769757> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://katieovercash.com/2016/08/30/katies-bookshelf-the-whole-brain-child/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.934493 | 375 | 3.234375 | 3 |
Canine parvovirus (CPV or commonly referred to as “parvo”) is one of the most serious viruses that dogs can get. Thankfully, it is very preventable with proper vaccination.
This virus was discovered in 1967 and has rapidly become a serious threat to canine health. This is primarily due to the fact that the virus is hard to kill, can live for a long time in the environment, and is shed in large quantities by infected dogs.
The virus is also highly contagious, which is why the parvo vaccine is considered a core vaccine for puppies and dogs.
While the highly effective parvovirus vaccine has decreased the risk to properly vaccinated dogs, this disease is unfortunately still widely prevalent, especially in puppies and adolescent dogs.
Here’s everything you need to know about parvo in dogs—how to protect your dog from it, the signs of parvo that you should look for, and what to do if you your dog is showing symptoms.
Jump to a section here:
- What Is Parvo in Dogs and Puppies?
- How Do Dogs and Puppies Get Parvo?
- What Are the Stages of Parvo?
- What Are the Signs of Parvo?
- How Long Does Parvo Last? What’s the Prognosis for Parvo Cases?
- How Is Parvo Diagnosed?
- How to Treat Parvovirus
- How to Prevent Parvo
- Can a Vaccinated Dog Get Parvo?
- Can a Dog Get Parvo Twice?
Parvo is an infectious DNA virus that commonly causes severe illness in young and unvaccinated dogs.
It primarily affects the rapidly dividing cells of the body, meaning that the intestinal tract and bone marrow are the worst affected.
Although parvovirus is most common in puppies and adolescent dogs, it can affect adult or senior dogs, especially if they are unvaccinated.
Parvovirus is an incredibly contagious disease that spreads quickly and efficiently. So how exactly does it spread?
While canine parvovirus is not airborne, it can be found on many surfaces within the environment.
It is spread by contact with contaminated feces, but you don’t have to see solid feces for the virus to be present. It can live on the ground or on surfaces in kennels, on peoples’ hands, or on the clothing of people that have been contaminated. Dogs could also carry it on their fur or paws if they have come into contact with contaminated fecal material.
Parvovirus can live outdoors for months, if not years, and is resistant to many disinfectants, although it is susceptible to diluted bleach and some specialized cleaners commonly used in veterinary hospitals.
Parvovirus is species-specific, so humans have their own version of the virus. This means that humans cannot get parvovirus from dogs, and dogs cannot get parvovirus from people.
However, it’s still important to use the utmost caution by wearing personal protective equipment if you come into contact with an infected dog. While you may not get parvo, the virus could be spread to another dog via your hands or the clothes you are wearing.
Cats also have a type of parvovirus that causes severe disease, known as feline panleukopenia.
While dogs cannot get feline parvovirus from cats, cats can become infected with canine parvovirus. They most often have much more mild clinical signs than dogs do, but there is a strain of canine parvovirus that can cause severe illness in cats.
The feline parvovirus vaccine, which is part of the core FVRCP vaccine, may offer some cross-protection against canine parvovirus.
A dog infected with canine parvovirus will start to show symptoms within three to seven days of infection.
An infected puppy will often show lethargy as the first sign, and they may not want to eat. They will also often have a fever.
As the virus progresses, your dog will begin to suffer from severe vomiting and diarrhea.
Fecal ELISA tests (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) are the most common way of diagnosing a dog with parvovirus in a clinical setting.
The test requires a fecal swab and takes about 10 minutes.
While this test is accurate, a negative result does not necessarily rule out parvovirus in a symptomatic dog, as they may not be shedding the viral antigen at the time of testing. Further testing may be needed in these cases.
The stages of canine parvovirus follow the stages of most viral infections.
The puppy (or adult dog) is exposed to viral particles via fecal material from an infected dog. These viral particles can come from a few places:
- The environment, on the ground or on a surface
- The mother dog
- People/clothing/inanimate objects that came into contact with the feces of an infected dog
Only a very small amount of fecal material is necessary to cause infection, which enters through the mouth of the puppy or dog.
There is an incubation period (between three and seven days) in which the dog is infected with parvovirus but not yet showing symptoms.
During this period, the virus specifically seeks out the most rapidly dividing cells in the body—typically, it starts attacking the tonsils or lymph nodes of the throat. By targeting these rapidly dividing cells, the virus is able to multiply effectively and efficiently and invade other parts of the dog’s system.
Once it has multiplied and entered the bloodstream, the virus will seek out other sources of rapidly diving cells. The most hard-hit areas are:
- Bone marrow
- Cells that line the walls of the small intestines
In small puppies, parvovirus can also infect the heart, which causes inflammation of the heart muscle, poor heart function, and arrythmias.
When the virus infects the bone marrow, it attacks the young immune cells, which leads a drop in protective white blood cells.
This weakens the body’s ability to protect itself and allows the virus to more easily invade the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. This is where the worst damage happens. The virus attacks the lining of the small intestine, which prevents the dog’s GI tract from being able to:
- Absorb nutrients
- Prevent fluid loss into the stool
- Prevent bacteria from moving into the gut
This leads to serious health issues, such as:
- Severe dehydration
- Possibly sepsis
While parvo in dogs is not always fatal, those that do not survive typically die from dehydration or shock—along with the damage caused by the septic toxins from the intestinal bacteria escaping into the bloodstream.
Recovery from parvovirus varies case by case. Full recovery may take quite a while depending on the severity of the disease and the damage it has done.
Dogs that can recover from infection are sick for five to 10 days after symptoms begin.
It is very important that puppies with parvovirus receive adequate nutrition so that their intestines can heal.
Dogs recovering from a parvo infection should be fed a bland, easily digestible diet. Hill’s, Purina, and Royal Canin all make prescription veterinary diets that are carefully formulated to be nutritionally balanced and gentle on the GI tract:
- Hill’s Prescription Diet Digestive Care i/d dry dog food
- Hill’s Prescription Diet Digestive Care i/d wet dog food
- Purina Pro Plan Veterinary Diets EN Gastroenteric dry dog food
- Purina Pro Plan Veterinary Diets EN Gastroenteric wet dog food
- Royal Canin Veterinary Diet Gastrointestinal Low Fat dry dog food
- Royal Canin Veterinary Diet Gastrointestinal Low Fat wet dog food
Hospital stays generally last around five to seven days, but this varies depending on the severity of symptoms.
The highest risk of death occurs around 24-72 hours after you see the symptoms of parvo in dogs.
If a puppy is hospitalized, given lots of supportive care, and monitored closely, the survival rate is around 75-80%. Survival is more difficult if the dog is not given veterinary attention quickly after showing clinical signs, or if the dog is not hospitalized with sufficient supportive care.
There are no home remedies for parvo.
In some cases, if a dog is not severely ill, or if expensive treatment is prohibitive, then treatment on an outpatient basis may be attempted with help from the vet.
Outpatient treatment for parvo in dogs includes:
- Subcutaneous fluids (fluids given under the skin as a source of hydration)
- A special highly digestible diet
- Antiemetics to stop vomiting
- Possibly antidiarrheals
While some dogs can recover from this protocol, it is much safer—and more likely to have better outcomes—if the dog is hospitalized.
There is no cure for parvovirus, so the treatment revolves around supporting the puppy so their body can fight off the virus.
Supportive care for parvovirus generally includes:
- Hospitalization with intravenous fluids
- Antiemetics to stop vomiting
- Focusing on nutrition, with a feeding tube, if necessary
- Correction of any electrolyte imbalances or low blood glucose
Puppies exhibiting signs of sepsis—where the gut becomes so “leaky” from disease that bacteria from the intestines enter the bloodstream—require antibiotic therapy.
Puppies with a high fever or low white blood cell count may also receive antibiotics.
How Much Does Parvo Treatment Cost?
The cost of treatment can vary greatly based on the severity of illness, length of hospital stay, and location of the veterinary clinic.
Costs could start around several hundred dollars for outpatient treatment and up to several thousand dollars for a severe case with hospitalization.
On average, expect treatment to cost $1,000-1,500 minimum.
Needless to say, it is much more cost-effective to have your dog fully vaccinated than to have a dog with parvovirus.
The canine parvovirus vaccine is most often given in a combination vaccine that goes by a variety of acronyms: DHPP, DAPP, DA2PP, DHLPP, etc. This vaccine is considered a core vaccine and should be given every three to four weeks from 6 weeks to at least 16 weeks of age.
The most important thing is making sure you get your puppy in on time for their vaccines. If too much time has passed between boosters, the vaccine series will need to be started over again to maintain protection.
Puppies should only socialize with fully vaccinated dogs until they are able to be fully vaccinated. Areas where vaccination status is not ensured, such as dog parks, should be avoided.
An exception is puppy classes at a reputable training center, as all puppies are required to have at least their first vaccine against parvovirus, and training and socialization at an early age are extremely important.
A dog will need to receive a booster vaccine at one year of age to be considered fully vaccinated. Dogs should also continue to receive vaccines every one to three years for life.
While no vaccine can promise to be 100% effective, the canine parvovirus vaccine is very effective and provides excellent protection from the virus. It is very unlikely that an appropriately vaccinated dog would become ill with canine parvovirus.
It’s important to make sure that puppies get the appropriate number of boosters based on their age, and that they are then boostered after one year, and then every one to three years.
If a vaccinated dog comes into contact with a dog that is sick and actively shedding parvovirus, it would not be unreasonable to booster the vaccine early.
While not impossible, it is very unlikely that a dog that has recovered from canine parvovirus would get it again.
Immunity for parvovirus lasts for several years.
However, this does not mean that your dog does not need to be vaccinated against canine parvovirus if he or she has recovered from it in the past. Routine vaccinations should still be performed. | <urn:uuid:88ef3735-5853-4f4a-a298-61a0f5fd862f> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://khoathuy.vnua.edu.vn/en/parvo-dog/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.943744 | 2,562 | 3.71875 | 4 |
Getting a Taste of Studying Computer Science
The Lamarr Institute is committed to promoting women in scientific and technical professions: As part of a taster session offered by the University of Bonn, researchers from the Lamarr Institute conducted a workshop to give female students in grades 10 and up a hands-on look at computer science as a field of study.
“Is studying a math or science subject right for me?” In order to be able to answer this question, over 100 schoolgirls from grades 10 to 13 had the opportunity to get a taste of what it’s like to study. The Taster University was organized by the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences of the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, one of four partner organizations of the Lamarr Institute.
The aim of the event, which takes place annually at the end of the winter semester, is to get young women interested in MINT subjects (mathematics, computer science, natural science and technology) and to offer workshops informing on study requirements, structure and content. This year, the Taster University took place in person on February 14 and offered the opportunity to get to know a wide range of subjects: physics, astronomy, chemistry, geodesy, geosciences, meteorology, mathematics and computer science.
What is computer science all about? – Practical insights and a puzzle game
The workshop on computer science was organized by Vanessa Toborek and Sebastian Müller, both of whom also conduct research at the Lamarr Institute. In addition to information about the course of study, the participating schoolgirls were also offered a practical insight into typical programming issues. They were given the task of solving the mathematical puzzle game “Towers of Hanoi” using the “divide-and-conquer” method, i.e. breaking the problem down into small, simpler subproblems in order to solve it as efficiently as possible.
Commitment to education and training and, in particular, the support of women are central concerns of the Lamarr Institute. In order to get young people excited about Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning, researchers at the Lamarr Institute are involved in various educational initiatives and programs to promote young talent. | <urn:uuid:8ad6b65b-0a67-492c-b457-5e18e8e20d19> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://lamarr-institute.org/news/getting-a-taste-of-studying-computer-science/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.949056 | 465 | 2.765625 | 3 |
The Danish pictogram system and its purpose
Since 2016, a unified pictogram system has been used in Denmark to simplify waste sorting. The system was developed as a collaboration between the Danish Waste Association, local authorities, the Environment Agency and designers. The goal was to create a unified waste sorting system valid throughout Denmark. The development of new pictograms was based on the pictograms previously used in Danish waste management. Thousands of citizens and waste experts contributed to the creation of the new system.
Currently, 91 different pictograms are in use in Denmark, and more will be added if necessary. Danish waste pictograms are not related to waste disposal codes (it is not planned to do so in the future) - the pictograms have been developed primarily to make it easier for people to sort waste.
The pictograms are mainly used to mark trash cans and containers, but they are also placed on packaging. The common system is used by 93 out of 98 local authorities in Denmark.
Adaptation of pictograms in Finland and Sweden
In 2019, a joint project with Sweden and Finland started. Sweden's goal is to get 50% of municipalities to join by 2025. Considering that the waste management systems of the countries differ from each other, the pictograms have been modified to match the Swedish system. The system adapted by Sweden can be found here: http://sverigesorterar.se/
Finland has also started adopting the Danish pictogram system. At the moment, their project is in the analysis stage. The goal of the Finns is to harmonize and adopt as many pictograms as are compatible with the Finnish waste management system. The project leader is KIVO Finland, http://www.kivo.fi/
Use-adaptation of pictograms in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania
A joint project with Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania started in February 2021. By April 2021, Estonia had completed the analysis of the adoption of pictograms, the purpose of which was to map the possibility of adapting the Danish pictogram system to the Estonian waste management system. In May and June, the design of pictograms suitable for Estonia was first adapted for local use. The first local governments were also involved. Estonia's lead partner is SA Things, whose creators are also known as the creators of the Kuhuviia.ee application. The main financier is the representative office of the Nordic Council of Ministers (Norden) in Estonia. The project partner is the Ministry of the Environment. | <urn:uuid:6201131d-25ad-4ebf-b4c5-559ad48d2850> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://liigitikogumine.ee/about | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.963837 | 506 | 3.171875 | 3 |
Assessing conservation strategies using camera traps
Snapshot Safari generates millions of images that provide data needed to identify successful management practices.
To address the urgent need for more accurate assessments of wildlife populations, the University of Minnesota Lion Center has deployed an unprecedented network of camera trap grids in dozens of wildlife parks and reserves in Botswana, Kenya, Mozambique, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania and Zimbabwe as part of the Snapshot Safari project. Some of the participating parks are managed as conservancies, some are privately owned, and some are government-run. With the help of accurate camera-trap censuses, we will be able to identify which sites are being managed most successfully — and hence, which conservation strategies should be incorporated into the toolbox for effective wildlife management.
Snapshot Safari looks to citizen scientists from around the world to identify wildlife caught on camera. With millions of images ready to be classified, participants have the opportunity to search for wildlife in remarkable ecosystems as Mozambique’s Niassa Reserve, Tanzania’s Ruaha National Park, Swaziland’s Mlawula Reserve, and Botswana’s Makgadikgadi Pans National Park. We are working with conservation groups across Africa to use this data to ensure the protection and proliferation of African mammals.
Once classified and validated, the camera-trap data will be made available for scientific and educational purposes throughout the world. Snapshot Safari will enable researchers to closely examine questions of species coexistence, competition, trophic interactions, and other ecological relationships across a variety of habitat types, community compositions, and management strategies. The results will contribute to the development and refinement of important methods to conserve some of the most beloved species and ecosystems on our planet.
Ready to help us protect lions, elephants, rhinos, and all the beautiful wildlife of Africa? Jump over to Snapshot Safari and get started!”
“Snapshot Safari is the start a new era in monitoring the health of Africa’s most important wildlife areas. These classifications will help conservationists learn what management strategies work best to protect these iconic species.”
“We at Gondwana see this as a wonderful synergy between technology and people resulting in real data directing our conservation management activities. Our EcoCamp guests love getting involved and our management team love the results!!”
“Snapshot Safari is incredibly important for the Ruaha landscape. It has amazing wildlife populations, but we have never had the resources to assess all our camera-trapping photos. This will provide invaluable data for conservation planning.” | <urn:uuid:19d30e85-aaaa-4ead-befe-c021408c733e> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://lioncenter.umn.edu/snapshot-safari/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.90326 | 530 | 3.15625 | 3 |
Being vigilant against bigotry based on ethnicity is only one form of prejudice we have to be on guard against. Another is based on the abilities each of us is born with as the following story illustrates.
On a rainy day in Memphis, September 17, 1953, Bessie Faye Tedford stepped out the door of her home onto the porch, slipped on the wet steps, and fell down a short flight of stairs to the sidewalk below. She suffered no broken bones, or serious injuries. In fact, it probably wouldn't have been a noteworthy event at all except for the fact that she was 7 months pregnant.
And that fall turned the baby just enough in her womb that the umbilical cord got wrapped around the baby's neck. Later that day, Bessie Faye went into distressed labor. Within a few hours, Kenny Lee Tedford, Jr. was born, 2 months premature and what the doctors called a "blue baby." He spent his first 3 months of life in an incubator, each day an uncertainty if he would make it. He did survive. But being deprived of oxygen for so long resulted in brain damage, deafness in both ears, partial blindness in one eye, and a slight paralysis of the entire left side of his body. Kenny Tedford was destined for a hard life.
Well, Learning to speak when you can't hear is an extraordinarily difficult task. And not being able to afford expensive speech coaches, Kenny was 10 years old before he learned to speak fluently. So at the age of six when he entered school, Kenny was relegated to the back of the class. And while the other children learned their ABCs, Kenny was assigned a coloring book and a few crayons and told to draw pictures. His teacher was just unprepared to handle a student with Kenny's needs.
Some days he actually felt special and enjoyed his unique status in the class. Those were the days the other kids told the teacher they wanted to be "retarded like Kenny" so they could just sit in the back and color instead of study.
But other days he was painfully aware of his situation – the cruel names, taunts, and mocking of the way he walked or talked. And the insults didn't just come from the other children. Kenny remembers a class discussion where the teacher asked each student to share what he or she wanted to be when they grew up. There were the expected answers of a doctor, lawyer, policemen, firemen, and a few astronauts. Well, when it was Kenny's turn, he showed the teacher a picture he'd drawn to answer the question. In it was a tall, thin man standing at a lectern. The teach asked, "What's this?"
Kenny explained, "Someday I want to teach everyone how to get along and love each other." He didn't have the words for it at the time. But what Kenny wanted to do was to be a professional speaker and storyteller. It was an admittedly bold aspiration from a boy who couldn't hear or speak well. His teacher knelt down beside him and addressed him along with the entire class. She said, "Students, Kenny, this is a very nice idea." And turning to Kenny, she continued, "But you'll never do this. You're slow, and you have a speech impediment. You'll never be able to do anything except maybe sweep the floors." That kind of thinking wasn't uncommon in the 1950s, and in some circles maybe still isn't today.
But for our purposes, one of the most instructive moments in Kenny's life came later that year. A psychologist visited the class on a regular basis to assess a few of the children, and especially Kenny. One of the techniques was called 'art therapy.' Kenny was asked to share some of his drawings which the psychologist used to determine his creativity and cognitive ability. On one visit, Kenny offered him a picture of a butterfly he had just drawn. It was small, and almost entirely drawn in black and white. Looking at the picture, the doctor said, "Hmmm, not very colorful, or creative." And he wrote a 'D' on the picture and handed it back to Kenny. "Maybe my teacher is right," Kenny thought. "Maybe I'll never be anything but a dummy."
Kenny rolled up the picture and put it in his backpack. When school was out, he walked out of class with his head hanging low. Shortly down the hall, another teacher saw him and stepped out to talk to him. "Kenneth, come here." He walked up to her, and she knelt down to talk to him eye to eye. "What's the sad face for?"
He told her, "I can't even draw! I got a 'D' on my drawing, and that's the thing I'm best at."
So, she asked to see his drawing. When he showed her the butterfly, she said, "He's very pretty. But he looks a little sad. Can I see your box of crayons?"
So, Kenny pulled out the box and showed her. It was a tiny little sample-sized box of 4 crayons – the kind you get at a restaurant to keep the kids entertained before the meal arrives. She opened it up, and inside found these four colors: black, white, gray, and red.
"Are these the only colors you have, Kenneth?"
"Yes, ma'am," Kenny said, a little embarrassed. He knew the other kids were given bigger boxes with more colors. Apparently, he didn't deserve any more than that.
She said, "Come to my room." So, He followed her in, and she sat down at her desk. She pulled out an enormous box of crayons, just like the other kids had, and gave it to him. She found several sheets of paper, rolled them up and placed them in his backpack. Then she said to him, "Kenneth, I want to tell you something. You are very creative. When you talk, even at your age, you tell the most amazing stories. And you seem to love all the kids, even the ones who make fun of you. So I want you to go home and think about that – that you are important, and you have a gift."
"Then, I want you to draw your butterfly again. Use any colors you want this time. And when you're done, you think of a story to make your butterfly come to life." Then she hugged him, and sent him on his way.
Well, a few days later, the psychologist returned for another visit. "Do you have any more drawings, Kenneth?"
So, Kenny handed him a new picture of a butterfly. But this was amazingly colorful. "Wow! That's wonderful, Kenneth." Then with a puzzled look on his face, he added, "And is that a woman on the back of the butterfly?"
"Yep," Kenny said.
"Well, Who is it?"
"That's my momma,"
"What's she doing there?"
Then 6-year-old Kenny Tedford told his psychologist, "She's there so she can fly around the room here and make sure you give me an A+ this time."
And That, apparently, was enough to thaw even the cold heart of this very serious psychologist. With watery eyes, he looked down at Kenny and said, "What a beautiful story." Then he took out his red marker, cupped his hand around it so Kenny couldn't see what he was writing, and scribbled his assessment at the top of the picture. Then he rolled up the paper and gave it to Kenny. "Put this in your backpack and don't look at it till you get home."
Well, With impressive resolve for a first-grader, Kenny dutifully waited till he got home. He ran straight to his bedroom, pulled out the paper and unrolled it. In big red letters, he saw 'A+' at the top of the page.
And that's when Kenny Lee Tedford, Jr. knew that with the right opportunities, he could do anything he wanted to do. With the right crayons, he could be a great artist, and with the right education, he wouldn't be relegated to sweeping floors for a living.
Sixty years later, Kenny Tedford's life still isn't easy. He's survived numerous life-threatening challenges including a heart attack, cancer, a broken neck, and a stroke. And of course, he's still a victim of the same brain damage, hearing- and vision-loss, and paralysis he was born with.
But in 2007, at the age of 53, Kenny Tedford earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in Theater from the University of Tennessee at Knoxville. In 2011, he completed his Master's degree in Storytelling from East Tennessee State University. And today, over a half-century after he was ridiculed for believing such an absurd notion, Kenny Tedford is a professional storyteller. He brings a smile, a laugh, and a special kind of wisdom that only his life could teach, to audiences all over the country.
Kenny Tedford is living proof of the limitless abilities people labeled 'disabled' can have when they're given a chance. What he most hopes people take away from his story is that people born with different abilities want to be treated just like everyone else, and given the same opportunities. They want to be talked to like everyone else, not spoken to like an infant. They want to be loved like everyone else, not tormented and teased like an outcast. More importantly, they want to be challenged like everyone else. They want someone to have high expectations of them, higher than they might even have for themselves. They want to be believed in, to have their dreams and aspirations nurtured, not mocked. Give them the same box of crayons you'd give any other child, and be amazed at the stories they make with them.
Okay, when the time is right to explain to your kids that some people are born with a different set of abilities than others, share Kenny's story. If you want more detail, you can share the rest of Kenny's life story, which you'll find in the book Four Days with Kenny Tedford.
Until then, here are some questions to get you started with your discussion:
Are there any kids like Kenny in your school? What do you know about them?
Do you talk to that person? How do you talk to them?
Why do you think Kenny only had a small box of four crayons?
When Kenny's teacher told him he would never be able to do anything other than maybe sweep the floors, how do you think that made him feel?
In what ways might it be appropriate to treat someone with disabilities differently that you treat other people?
Okay, in the next lesson, we'll talk about the difference between reverence and respect. | <urn:uuid:97d11f9e-b889-4b46-b6a4-4073490380f1> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://listenable.io/web/articles/lessons/7c47d661/2102/respect-for-others-people-with-different-abilities-want-to-be-treated-like-everyone-else/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.987934 | 2,261 | 2.9375 | 3 |
Who's Behind Listverse?
Jamie founded Listverse due to an insatiable desire to share fascinating, obscure, and bizarre facts. He has been a guest speaker on numerous national radio and television stations and is a five time published author.More About Us
Top 10 Disturbingly Practical Nuclear Weapons
In all of human history, the most devastating weapon has been the nuclear bomb. With just one piece of ordnance, a military can (and has) wiped out entire cities. Still, the engineers who make weapons weren’t done with those early models.
In the years since the bombs fell on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, scientists and engineers have continued to improve their designs. The results are both fascinating and horrifying. These 10 nukes were designed, created, or both by various militaries, and with any luck, they’ll never see the light of day.
Man-Portable Rocket-Launched Nuclear Weapon
When nuclear weapons were invented, they were large, bulky objects with relatively low yields. Over time, the size of these weapon systems got much smaller while the nuclear yields grew larger. As far as we know, the smallest nuke developed and deployed by any military is the W54.
The United States developed the bomb in the 1950s as a tactical, low-yield nuclear weapon capable of delivering a 10-ton to 1-kiloton blast. It was created for use in the M-28 and M-29 Davy Crockett short-range rockets and had a range of 2–4 kilometers (1–2.5 mi).
The W54 was adapted into a man-portable Special Atomic Demolition Munition. Specifically, it was to be used if the Soviet Union invaded Europe. It was designed to be carried and fired short distances as an artillery munition.
W54s were enhanced to become nuclear-tipped, air-to-air missiles. The W72 model was a rebuilt W54 used with the AGM-62 Walleye-guided bomb, which was capable of delivering a 600-ton nuclear yield. However, no models are believed to have been completed.
The W54 was extensively tested before the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty in 1963. Between 1957 and 1979, the US produced around 400 W54 bombs.
Some people feel that nuclear bombs should be precise, low-yield weapons, while others favor more of a “go big or go home” attitude. The Mark-18 Ivy King satisfies the latter as it was the largest pure-fission nuclear bomb tested by the US.
In direct response to the Soviet Union’s development of high-yield nukes in the 1950s, the Truman administration launched Operation Ivy, which resulted in the aptly named Ivy King. On November 16, 1952, the bomb was tested, and it achieved a yield of a 500-kiloton blast.
The massive bomb weighed 3,900 kilograms (8,600 lb). It used a 92-point implosion system and contained an enormous amount of highly enriched uranium (equivalent to four critical masses). This put the bomb on the edge of criticality safety, so aluminum and boron chains filled the central chamber to prohibit accidental collapse.
The chains absorbed neutrons, which were needed to achieve the desired reaction. To arm the bomb, the chain was removed. Overall, the US produced 90 Mark 18 bombs from March 1953 to 1956.
Nuclear Artillery Shell
There are two types of deployments concerning the use of nuclear weapons: tactical and strategic. The bombs dropped in Japan were strategic. Their purpose wasn’t to destroy two Japanese cities. Rather, it was a display of force meant to compel a Japanese surrender.
Tactical nuclear weapons were meant to be used in specific combat operations alongside conventional weapons. The best example is the W82, a low-yield tactical nuclear warhead designed to be used in a 155 mm artillery weapon system.
The W82 was a dual-purpose weapon with a blast yield that reached two kilotons. It came with interchangeable components that would enable the shell to function as either an “enhanced radiation” or a “standard” fission device.
Like many nuclear weapons developed by the United States, the W82 was meant to provide a “cohesive forward defense” of NATO territory if the Soviet Union invaded. The ordnance could be fired to a range of 30 kilometers (18.6 mi) via an additional rocket assist.
The United States planned to produce 2,500 rounds of W82 ordnance. But the government only developed around 1,000 before the program was canceled in 1991 after the Cold War ended.
Nuclear Depth Charge
Submarines have proven to be one of the most effective naval vessels in combat as they represent a clear and present danger to surface vessels during warfare. To counter this, navies across the world have developed torpedoes and depth charges designed to find and destroy submarines.
As the United States had to put a nuke on every type of ordnance during the Cold War, one was developed for use in the RUR-5 ASROC (Anti-Submarine ROCket) in 1961. The system fired a Mark 44/46 torpedo fitted with a W44 nuclear warhead.
These torpedoes were only launched by surface ships, and they carried a great deal of explosive energy. The W44 achieved a yield of 10 kilotons, making it particularly deadly if it was fired and detonated anywhere near a submarine.
The ASROC would fire on a sub’s position with a rocket carrying an acoustic homing torpedo to deploy the system. After entering the water, the depth charge detached from the torpedo and sank quickly to a predetermined depth. There, it detonated.
Placed into service in 1961, the W44 was only tested one or two times, although 575 were produced. The Nuclear Test Ban Treaty in 1963 put an end to underwater nuclear testing.
6 B61 Mod 11/12
Nuclear Bunker Buster
For the most part, keeping yourself safe from a nuclear weapon requires staying deep underground. This protects you from the blast and ensuing radiation, but that presents a problem for the people trying to take out the target. To mitigate bunkers, the United States developed the Mod 11 for the B61 thermonuclear gravity bomb.
The device works by combining ground shock with earth penetration of around 3 meters (10 ft). This combination works to force the bulk of the explosive energy further into the Earth, resulting in the target’s destruction.
Bunker buster bombs carrying the B61 Mod 11 can carry one of three nuclear yields: 0.3, 340, or 400 kilotons. Beginning in 2019, the US started developing the GPS-guided Mod 12, which will produce yields of 0.3, 1.5, 10, or 50 kilotons. It is believed that the weapon was designed to penetrate up to 304 meters (1,000 ft) of solid granite to counter the continuity of government facility at Kosvinsky Kamen in Russia.
5 MK-54 Special Atomic Demolition Munition
While the W54 was designed to be launched via rocket, the MK-54 Special Atomic Demolition Munition (SADM) was meant to be carried by personnel into combat. The SADM was intended to be used to counter a Soviet invasion of Europe.
The device was relatively lightweight at 23 kilograms (51 lb) and able to fit inside a duffel bag. The warhead carried a yield of between 10 tons and one kiloton. It was equipped with a time delay, so troops could place the weapon and escape the target location before detonation.
Three hundred MK-54s were developed, and airborne troops were trained in their use. Ideally, paratroopers would jump from an aircraft over enemy or occupied territory. They would head to a predetermined target, which would be a power plant, bridge, or another resource. Then they would remove it from the battlefield.
The bomb is enveloped in controversy . . . more than other nuclear weapon. This is due to allegations that any mission carried out by a paratrooper was a suicide mission. It wasn’t practical to outrun the timer or the blast radius. According to Mark Bentley, a soldier trained in the deployment of atomic bombs, “We all knew it was a one-way mission, a suicide mission.”
The United States’ development of the MK-54 wasn’t something that the Soviet Union was willing to let slide, so the USSR created its own so-called “suitcase nuke.” The RA-115 weighed 22–27 kilograms (50–60 lb). They were designed to be placed for long periods at a target location for eventual detonation.
The bombs were connected to a small power source with a battery backup, which would signal a potential loss of power to a GRU post at a Russian embassy or consulate office. Numerous RA-115s were placed at strategic locations around the world.
Much of what is known about the RA-115 weapon system has been provided to the West by Stanislav Lunev, the GRU’s highest-ranking defector. According to him and the former Russian National Security Adviser Aleksandr Lebed, the USSR created 250 of these weapon systems and more than 100 are missing.
That’s a frightening proposition as the weapons were designed to be placed inside the United States to eliminate targets and politicians if the Cold War turned hot. The Russian Security Council has investigated these claims and suggested that they are misleading. But with so much secrecy, there’s no way to know for certain.
3 Blue Peacock
Nuclear Land Mine
The United Kingdom developed a nuclear land mine to support a NATO defense if the Soviet Union crossed north Germany in a European invasion. The project was known as Brown Bunny before the name was switched to Blue Bunny and finally became Blue Peacock.
The mines were designed to produce a yield of 10 kilotons. They would either be detonated via an eight-day timer or by wire manually. According to a policy paper, the thinking was that “a skillfully sited atomic mine would not only destroy facilities and installations over a large area but would deny occupation of the area to an enemy for an appreciable time due to contamination.”
The Blue Peacock program went through development but was never deployed. There was too much risk of fallout and the contamination of territory that NATO nations wanted back.
Interestingly, the system had a problem in keeping the electronics from freezing. One suggestion was to seal live chickens with food and water inside the casing. The chickens’ body heat would theoretically keep the weapon system from freezing.
The proposal was so outlandish that many thought it was an April Fools’ joke when the project was declassified in 2004. It wasn’t.
2 9M730 Burevestnik
Nuclear-Powered, Nuclear-Armed Cruise Missile
Russian President Vladimir Putin unveiled six new Russian strategic weapons in March 2018, with the 9M730 Burevestnik being the most extraordinary. It’s a nuclear-tipped cruise missile that’s also nuclear-powered.
The intercontinental cruise missile was in development shortly after the United States deployed the THAAD (Terminal High Altitude Area Defense) system, which was intended to counter nuclear ICBMs. The 9M730 Burevestnik was designed to counter the THAAD.
According to Russian claims about the weapon, it has an unlimited range and “is invincible to all the existing and advanced air and missile defense systems.” Theoretically, the THAAD can’t stop them.
As the weapon is relatively new, no declassified or confirmed information exists about its potential yield. It is believed that the development of the system caused the Nyonoksa radiation accident in August 2019. This resulted in the deaths of five weapons scientists following a test of an “isotope power source for a liquid-fueled rocket engine.”
Aleksei Karpov, the Russian envoy to international organizations in Vienna, stated that the accident was related to “one of the tit-for-tat measures in the wake of the United States’ withdrawal from the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty.”
The RDS-220 Tsar Bomba is probably the best-known nuclear weapon. Tested in October 1961, it was the largest man-made explosive ever detonated.
The device was developed as more of a proof of concept than a usable weapon system. It was 8 meters (26 ft) long and weighed a massive 27,000 kilograms (60,000 lb). Only one was ever built and tested.
There are various claims about the atomic yield, which might have reached 100 megatons if a uranium-238 fusion tamper had been included. Instead, the RDS-220 Tsar Bomba is estimated to have achieved a yield of 50 megatons, as measured by Soviet scientists at the time. That was more than 3,300 times the size of the Hiroshima blast.
The aircraft used to deploy it was stripped down to support the massive ordnance. The craft’s outer hull was covered in a special white reflective paint, and the crew was given only a 50 percent chance of survival. Despite this, they dropped the bomb, which unleashed a mushroom cloud that reached 67 kilometers (42 mi) high. | <urn:uuid:f806fb5f-36fa-45df-b304-9e3a941fad40> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://listverse.com/2020/09/12/top-10-disturbingly-practical-nuclear-weapons/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.965283 | 2,789 | 2.96875 | 3 |
The art of wood burning, also known as pyrography, is a captivating fusion of creativity and craftsmanship that involves using heat to etch intricate designs onto wooden surfaces. At the heart of this ancient technique lies the wood burning kit—a versatile tool that empowers artists, hobbyists, and enthusiasts to express their imagination on a canvas of timber. In this exploration, we delve into the essence of wood burning kits, shedding light on the basics, choosing the right kit, unleashing artistic potential, and ensuring safety.
Exploring the Basics
At its core, wood burning involves the controlled application of heat to create distinct markings on wood. Wood burning kits simplify this process by providing a handheld tool equipped with interchangeable tips that heat up to specific temperatures. These tips, often made of metals like brass or stainless steel, come in a variety of shapes and sizes, each offering unique effects.
For beginners, understanding the basics of temperature control and tip selection is paramount. Lower temperatures are suitable for shading and subtle lines, while higher temperatures are ideal for bold lines and precise details. As you grasp the nuances of heat and pressure, you’ll unlock a spectrum of artistic possibilities, from delicate wisps to bold strokes.
Choosing the Right Kit for You
The world of wood burning kits is as diverse as the artists who wield them. When selecting a kit, consider factors such as your skill level, preferred projects, and artistic aspirations. Kits range from simple entry-level options to advanced sets with a wide array of tips and features.
For novices, starter kits offer a gentle introduction to wood burning, often including a basic wood burning pen and a selection of tips. As your confidence grows, you might explore intermediate and advanced kits with more specialized tips for detailed work, as well as temperature controls for precision.
The Artistic Possibilities of Wood Burning
Wood burning is more than a technique—it’s a canvas for artistic expression. From intricate portraits and lifelike landscapes to abstract designs and cultural motifs, the artistic possibilities are boundless. As you experiment with different tips, temperatures, and techniques, you’ll discover your unique style and voice.
Wood burning is also incredibly versatile in terms of medium. Beyond wood, artists explore other materials like leather, gourds, and paper. This versatility encourages innovation and experimentation, enabling artists to push the boundaries of the traditional wood burning technique.
Safety Precautions and Guidelines
Safety is paramount when working with a wood burning kit. The tool reaches high temperatures, and improper use can lead to burns or other accidents. Always work in a well-ventilated area to prevent inhaling fumes, and wear protective eyewear and clothing to shield yourself from sparks and hot metal.
Additionally, be mindful of the surfaces you work on. Use a heat-resistant surface or a non-combustible base to protect your workspace. Keep the tool unplugged when not in use, and never leave it unattended while it’s hot.
In conclusion, a wood burning kit is a portal into a world of artistic exploration and self-expression. By understanding the basics, choosing the right kit, exploring artistic potential, and adhering to safety precautions, you’ll embark on a journey of creativity and craftsmanship that transcends time. With each burn and stroke, you’ll transform a simple piece of wood into a unique work of art, a testament to the fusion of skill, imagination, and the simple power of heat. | <urn:uuid:018cd3a9-05aa-4119-aab0-a0f76f46b161> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://lostcreekpacks.com/?m=202308 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.898431 | 718 | 2.53125 | 3 |
No matter how regal your mobile phone, poor battery life makes peasants of us all. One problem is power supply: who hasn't been stuck with a dead phone and no place to plug it in? The maturity of high-efficiency solar power has partly solved this problem, but on-board solar still cannot charge a pocketed phone.
Enter energy harvesting, which collects energy from motion and pressure ("piezoelectric"), ambient heat ("thermoelectric"), and electromagnetic waves, in addition to solar power. The amount of energy captured by small harvesting devices is typically fairly small, on the order of milliwatts or even microwatts, but that is sufficient for certain applications, such as wireless sensor networks, radio-frequency identification (RFID), and implanted medical devices. Some larger-scale harvesting methods may find applications for portable devices.
Tiny Charges, Big Solutions
Will we ever have cellphones that recharge themselves from being jangled in your pocket? Harry Zervos, a principal analyst at market research firm IDTechEx, says no. "That would only happen a very long time away from now, which is practically never."
However, the convergence of three trends gives him hope. "First, energy storage technologies are becoming more competitive and better in terms of power density," he said at the company's recent Energy Harvesting & Storage USA conference in Santa Clara, CA. "Electronics are also becoming lower-powered, and at the same time, energy harvesting technologies are increasing in power that they can harvest. So you could eventually have a smartphone with lower power requirements, better storage in the battery, and energy harvesting incorporated in it."
Tim Shannon, senior field application engineer at embedded-systems company Spansion, echoes Zervos' analysis. Shannon has greater optimism for the undying-phone scenario. "We're increasing our ability to get energy from our environment," he says, adding that he is enthusiastic about new developments in fractal antennas to capture energy from radio waves. "And although cost is what drives lithography shrinks [to get more chips out of a wafer], that's actually inadvertently changing the energy profile."
Others beg off the phone question for now, preferring to focus on goals that are smaller, if no less important. Tom Snyder, industrial program liaison at North Carolina Status University for the National Science Foundation (NSF) Nanosystems Engineering Research Center (NERC) for Advanced Self-Powered Systems of Integrated Sensors and Technologies (ASSIST), sees medical uses as applications that are both useful now, and important for energy harvesting's long-term development. "Health monitoring-type instruments are going to be a nice stepping stone towards powering a mobile phone," he says, "because you can develop some of these sensors at much lower power levels."
John Huggins, executive director of the university/industry cooperative Berkeley Sensor & Actuator Center (BSAC), points to another advantage of energy harvesting for medical purposes. "A device that's ingested or implanted will need a small quantity of power," he says. "If you can't get in to replace the battery, you might look at energy harvesting, perhaps using electrochemical power."
Harvested energy generally comes from sources that are far less stable and predictable than the electrical grid, so devices that use it need some kind of power storage to hold it. Traditional batteries are ill-suited, for a variety of reasons. As ASSIST center director Veena Misra points out, "The challenge is to provide both high energy density and high power density. Typical batteries are really good at providing high voltage, but not a lot of current."
Fortunately, supercapacitors provide high current, although typically with less voltage than batteries. Charles Greene, chief technical officer at PowerCast Corp., a company dedicated to bringing "remote, wireless power capability to micro-power devices such as wireless sensors, data loggers, active RFID and RTLS tags, and more," also "particularly likes" supercapacitors for energy harvesting applications "because you can take them to zero volts. If you take a battery to zero volts, you've ruined the battery." In addition, supercapacitors can tolerate the frequent charge-discharge cycles imposed by energy harvesting's erratic energy sources.
Is that vision of the self-powering mobile phone doomed? Not necessarily, says Misra. "Certain types of body harvesting of such things as large-range motion can actually generate watts of power. But they require a lot of effort on the part of the human being."
The harvesting potential of portable devices goes way up when you can offload it to something else that people carry with them every day: their clothes. Spansion's Shannon, who is enthusiastic about using fractal antennas to capture energy from ambient radio-frequency waves, points out that such antennas are flexible, and could be woven into clothing. Misra says a torso-sized panel could harvest "quite a bit of power with that size, if you assume it's got thermoelectric and piezoelectric [harvesting capabilities}, and a solar panel."
Even without wearables, "If you can get a harvesting device on the market that gives you 75 microwatts, then you'll have a group of engineers who'll design the load size to work at that available level," says Misra. "I think energy harvesting can drive a lot of the innovation on the consumption side."
Tom Geller is an Oberlin, Ohio-based writer and documentary producer. | <urn:uuid:d77f40e3-5efa-4903-a2e0-0eca2c4f8247> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://m-cacm.acm.org/news/181922-energy-harvesting-extends-life-of-small-devices/fulltext?mobile=true | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.947314 | 1,131 | 2.890625 | 3 |
July Sunshine Averages for Canadian Cities
The tables here list the average amount of sun that major cities in Canada get in July. The numbers allow you to compare the total month's hours and days of sunshine for large Canadian urban areas.
For each city there are three measurements of sunshine. The number for % Sun is the usual percentage of daylight hours with bright sunshine.
Hours gives the total hours of bright sunshine that's normal this month. Days statistics are for the typical number of days in July with any amount of measurable sunshine. All the data are averages for the years 1981 to 2010.
|57||Abbotsford, British Columbia||277||28|
|50||Halifax, Nova Scotia||235||27|
|60||Kelowna, British Columbia||298||30|
|54||Moncton, New Brunswick||256||29|
|53||Québec City, Quebec||252||29|
|60||St. Catharines - Niagara, Ontario||278||30|
|48||Saint John, New Brunswick||226||26|
|45||St. John's, Newfoundland||217||29|
|55||Thunder Bay, Ontario||268||30|
|59||Vancouver, British Columbia||290||29|
|65||Victoria, British Columbia||318||30|
Environment Canada. Meteorological Service of Canada. Canadian Climate Normals. 1981-2010 Climate Normals & Averages. | <urn:uuid:ab916628-f3f4-4535-a74d-1043a4839c88> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://mail.currentresults.com/Weather/Canada/Cities/sunshine-average-july.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.663982 | 306 | 3.015625 | 3 |
Zoltan Dienes and teaching mathematics through games
This is an updated version of a blog post published on August 10, 2020
Going against the idea that young children are unable to learn complicated mathematical structures, Zoltan Dienes used games, songs and dance to bring maths to life.
Known in education circles as the ‘maverick mathematician’, Zoltan Dienes believed in the power of learning mathematics through games. His influential theory left a lasting impact on the field and underpins the maths mastery approach today.
“Give me a mathematical structure and I’ll turn it into a game.”– Zoltan Dienes
So, who was Zoltan Dienes?
Zoltan Dienes (1916–2014) was an internationally-renowned Hungarian mathematician and education psychologist who believed that mathematical structures could be effectively taught to primary-aged children through the use of manipulatives, games and stories.
Echoing the earlier ideas of educational psychologist Jean Piaget, Dienes believed mathematics is defined by structures and patterns.
He observed that key mathematical concepts are based on the same thinking and processes found in larger conceptual systems. And by introducing these structures at the primary level, he saw the possibilities of guiding children to higher-level thinking a lot earlier than you’d expect.
In classrooms across the world, Dienes observed how inventing game rules that match the rules found in mathematical systems take advantage of children’s natural tendency for game-based learning.
Dienes also found that concrete manipulatives were another way to effectively introduce complex mathematical concepts. He designed Base 10 blocks (often called Dienes blocks) to help children learn the underlying systems of mathematics in an engaging way.
Why Zoltan Dienes believed in mathematical learning through games
If you teach with Maths — No Problem! you don’t have to look far to find Dienes’ influence. It’s right there in the Anchor Task, where learners are asked to explore mathematical ideas in a playful way and come up with multiple ways to solve a problem.
Dienes strongly emphasised the need for exploration before structured learning and practice. But is that all that games achieve in the maths classroom?
Here are three reasons Dienes believed that games could be an effective learning tool.
1. Games increase learners’ enjoyment and motivation
In his work, Dienes stresses that children don’t have to reach a certain developmental stage to experience the joy of mathematics. What really matters is that children learn how to think.
“The reason mathematics is boring in schools is because no real mathematics is taught in schools.”– Zoltan Dienes
Teaching maths through games can appeal to learners who see maths as unapproachable and tedious. Learning through games helps children see that understanding mathematical patterns and relationships can be an enjoyable and motivating experience.
2. Games develop learners’ problem-solving skills
Fun games like Snakes and Ladders, Cards, Monopoly and Scrabble hide mathematical rules and structures that help even young children develop higher-level problem-solving skills like:
- Trial and error methods
- Simplifying difficult tasks
- Looking for patterns
- Making and testing hypotheses
- Proving and disproving
In one study, influential teacher and researcher Edith Biggs noticed that games improved the conceptual understanding and problem-solving skills of learners aged 7–13, especially among more advanced learners in the group.
Other studies found that games with mathematical elements encourage children’s problem-solving behaviour — whether or not they had those skills beforehand.
On top of that, games are a valuable assessment tool. By paying attention to learners’ chosen strategies during the game, you can better diagnose where children are in their learning.
3. Games help learners practice and reinforce mathematical skills
Not only do games help develop learners’ problem-solving skills, they also give learners an opportunity to practice and reinforce their mathematical skills.
Learners thrive when they have a set goal they need to reach, even if the path to victory isn’t easy. That’s why challenging games are also fun games. Children get to think about all the strategies they could use, and if their strategy fails, they’re encouraged to try again.
Placing value on effort and perseverance rather than smarts or success build essential skills later in life. When children get positive feedback on their hard work, they gain a sense of optimism and an awareness that they can learn and grow as they meet new challenges.
Introducing difficult abstract symbols in the primary years can be confusing, and can interfere with the learning process. Mathematical games paired with the use of manipulatives encourages deeper thinking — without the drudgery of rote learning.
Dienes was an early pioneer in democratising learning and problem solving. Throughout his life, he never strayed from his mission: to understand how children learn by meeting them where they are.
Games. A Rationale for Their Use in the Teaching of Mathematics in School, Mathematics in School Vol. 15, No. 1 (Jan., 1986), pp. 2-5 (4 pages)
Lawlor, A. (2014) ‘For mathematician and teacher Zoltan Dienes, the play was the thing’, The Globe and Mail. (Accessed: 21 July, 2020)
Sriraman, B. (2007) ‘A Conversation With Zoltan P. Dienes’, Mathematical Thinking and Learning’, 9(1), 59–75.
(Accessed: 18 July, 2020)
Reed, K. E. and Mercer Young, J. (2018) ‘Math Games to Excite Young Minds’, DREME. (Accessed: 21 July, 2020)
Ernest, P. (1986) ‘ Games: A Rationale for their Use in the Teaching of Mathematics in School’, Mathematics in School.
(Accessed: 21 July, 2020)
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Help every learner succeed with strategies for managing behaviour, supporting mental health, and differentiating instruction for all attainment levels. | <urn:uuid:ca874272-50be-4738-9808-93ef24cab66f> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://mathsnoproblem.com/blog/teaching-practice/zoltan-dienes-teaching-mathematics-through-games | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.939558 | 1,412 | 3.71875 | 4 |
EEG markers in early life could help predict and diagnose anxiety
Anxiety disorders are the most common mental health problem among children and adolescents and are a risk factor for adult disorders. Stress is a big factor—at home, at school, and from external factors like COVID-19 and climate change. But some children may be innately more susceptible to anxiety. New research at Boston Children's Hospital suggests a possible way to detect such vulnerability before anxiety becomes apparent clinically.
In a pilot study in Frontiers in Psychiatry, Michelle Bosquet Enlow, Ph.D., a clinical psychologist in the department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciencs at Boston Children's, and William (Bill) Bosl, Ph.D., in the Computational Health Informatics Program, found telltale markers of anxiety in electroencephalograms (EEGs), even in early childhood.
Bosl is a computational scientist who focuses on clinical neurophysiology and neurodiagnostics. He has developed expertise in analyzing brain "electrodynamics"—not brain waves themselves, but signals and patterns extracted from EEGs that give insights into brain organization and functioning.
"Bill has ways to dig into the EEG data and pull out information you can't see with the human eye," says Bosquet Enlow. "We want to understand: Is there something we could detect in early development, before behavioral or emotional symptoms emerge, that signals a difference in neural circuitry? And if so, could such differences be targeted through preventative interventions?"
EEG signatures for anxiety?
The study included 150 children enrolled starting in infancy. At age five years, a semi-structured interview with the child's mother assessed the child's psychiatric diagnostic history. The children had EEG recordings in infancy and at ages three, five and seven years.
Bosl and Bosquet Enlow found that EEG signals at age seven most robustly distinguished children with an anxiety disorder from healthy controls. However, there were signals even at three and five years of age. Recordings from two or three time points (excluding infancy) gave much better results than the age seven recordings alone.
"We found that not just a snapshot, but trajectories over time are the most predictive," says Bosquet Enlow. "A single EEG is only telling you what the brain is doing at that moment."
"We're not trying to make a diagnosis, but we're computing risk assessments or probabilities for anxiety, which is more natural and appropriate," says Bosl.
The study also looked at EEG patterns in children with externalizing disorders like ADHD or oppositional defiant disorder. Patterns were distinct from both those in children with anxiety and those in healthy controls. The conditions could be detected as early as ages three and five, especially with two or three recordings rather than a single snapshot.
Bosl and Bosquet Enlow are now following the children to age 13, since adolescence is a time of enhanced risk for anxiety. In the future, they hope to:
- Analyze EEG patterns associated with different subtypes of anxiety, such as social anxiety, generalized anxiety, phobias, and separation anxiety. These may have distinct signatures.
- Look at EEG readings taken while showing children an anxiety-provoking stimulus (this study only analyzed resting EEGs).
- Determine how to combine EEG findings with measures like behavioral data, maternal anxiety/depression, and environmental stressors to reliably predict child psychopathology risk as early in development as possible.
"We're still figuring out what other variables to put in the model to make it even more predictive of anxiety," says Bosquet Enlow. "I do think the environment is critical and interacts with what the child's bringing."
Their long-range vision is to bring EEG measurements into routine pediatric check-ups using next-generation portable EEG devices, especially in areas with limited access to mental health professionals.
As for interventions, they could vary depending on the type of anxiety and what Bosquet Enlow and Bosl find to be the most relevant factors in developing anxiety.
"We hope that our work eventually informs more tailored interventions that take into account a given child's specific risk profile," says Bosquet Enlow. "Treatments that are specific to a child's biology and environment may have the greatest success in reducing or preventing symptoms."
More information: William J. Bosl et al, A biomarker discovery framework for childhood anxiety, Frontiers in Psychiatry (2023). DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1158569 | <urn:uuid:4014062a-2783-4271-98c9-9c20ebf8962e> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://medicalxpress.com/news/2023-09-eeg-markers-early-life-anxiety.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.946333 | 925 | 3.25 | 3 |
1890: Wilde’s Bewitching Dance Between Beauty and Corruption. In Oscar Wilde's timeless masterpiece, "The Picture of Dorian Gray," he weaves a gothic tale that explores the intricate relationship between beauty, morality, and the depths of human nature. Set against the backdrop of the vibrant and decadent society of late 19th-century London, this haunting novel immerses readers in a world where art, desire, and the pursuit of eternal youth converge.
At the heart of the story is the enigmatic Dorian Gray, a young man whose striking beauty captures the attention of artist Basil Hallward. When Basil paints a portrait that seems to encapsulate Dorian's youthful allure and inner essence, an uncanny twist of fate unfolds. As Dorian embarks on a hedonistic journey, indulging in every pleasure and vice without consequence, the portrait ages and reveals the true nature of his soul.
Wilde's prose is filled with wit and intellect, coloured with descriptions that transport readers to the opulent salons and shadowy corners of Victorian society. Through his masterful storytelling, he delves into themes of aestheticism, moral decay, and the pursuit of an idealized version of oneself. The characters that orbit Dorian—Basil, the earnest artist, and Lord Henry Wotton, the captivating embodiment of decadence—add depth and complexity to the narrative, contrasting the forces that shape Dorian's transformation.
"The Picture of Dorian Gray" challenges societal norms and raises profound questions about the nature of art, beauty, and the consequences of unchecked desire. It is a cautionary tale that holds a mirror to our own obsessions and invites us to contemplate the dualities that reside within us all.
2002: Self’s Bold and Provocative Reworking of Wilde's Classic. Will Self's daring and controversial novel, "Dorian," presents a mesmerizing and thought-provoking reimagining of Oscar Wilde's timeless tale, "The Picture of Dorian Gray." In this modern adaptation, Self skillfully captures the essence of Wilde's original while infusing it with his distinctive style and social commentary.
Set in the vibrant and frenetic world of 1980s London, "Dorian" transports readers into a world of excess, narcissism, and self-destruction. Self's prose is sharp and unapologetic, reflecting the hedonistic atmosphere of the era. He delves deep into the psyche of his characters, particularly Dorian, who becomes an emblematic figure of the AIDS epidemic and its impact on society.
Self's exploration of the theme of vanity and the destructive pursuit of youth and beauty resonates powerfully in this adaptation. Through vivid descriptions and introspective narrative, he navigates the dark corners of Dorian's mind, exposing the consequences of his indulgences.
While Self's "Dorian" is a captivating and audacious retelling, it may not appeal to purists of Wilde's original work. It takes risks, challenging traditional interpretations and offering a modern lens through which to view the story. Readers familiar with Wilde's novel will find intriguing parallels and departures, prompting them to question societal values and the notion of eternal youth in contemporary culture.
Film Adaptations. Oscar Wilde's "The Picture of Dorian Gray" has captivated filmmakers for decades. The most notable adaptation is the 1945 film directed by Albert Lewin, starring Hurd Hatfield as Dorian Gray. This classic interpretation preserves the essence of Wilde's novel, capturing the decadence and moral dilemmas at its core. The haunting portrait of Dorian Gray, aging while he remains eternally youthful, serves as a striking visual metaphor throughout the film.
Other adaptations, such as the 2009 film directed by Oliver Parker and the 2019 film "Dorian Gray" directed by Michael Matteo Rossi, offer their own unique interpretations of the story. Each adaptation brings its own visual flair and narrative choices, exploring different facets of Dorian's descent into corruption.
A Timeless Tales' Adaptation: Gray’s Realm. Book and film adaptations serve as compelling additions to the legacy of Wilde's masterpiece, offering fresh perspectives and inviting audiences to engage with the timeless themes that continue to resonate in our contemporary world.
We’re considering making Oscar Wilde's timeless masterpiece our next adaptation. In our adaptation, “Gray’s Realm”, the metaphor of a painting could be updated, transcending the limitations of a mere canvas. As Dorian navigates the tumultuous waters of vanity, temptation, and self-obsession, he becomes entangled in a web of groundbreaking technologies that redefine his perception of self. Rather than a physical portrait, Dorian's identity is intricately linked to neural implant technology.
The combination of immersive virtual reality, augmented reality and neuro-technological advancements, turns Dorian's world into a playground of hyper-realistic experiences and mind-altering simulations. Could a rogue neural implant provide an illusory window into his soul, projecting vivid representations of his moral choices, desires, and hidden secrets?
Technological visual representation brings a fresh dimension to the story, illuminating the destructive impact of vanity and moral corruption in an era defined by technological advancements.
Ethical implications of merging humanity with technology would be addressed. What are the consequences of embracing artificial intelligence and implants as extensions of our identity? Can we have boundaries in an era of limitless possibilities? This groundbreaking interpretation would breathe new life into Wilde's timeless tale, paving the way for an immersive experience that examines the intricate relationship between humanity, technology, and the eternal pursuit of perfection. | <urn:uuid:1461c2b7-6511-4664-bd1a-b18386907680> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://michaelleoncommentspage.blogspot.com/2023/07/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.916715 | 1,143 | 2.78125 | 3 |
Addiction to controlled dangerous substances (commonly known as substance use disorder or drug addiction) has persisted in the United States for many years but was labeled a public health problem nearly 60 years ago, and continues to affect millions to this day.
This issue sees 21.4% of people over 12 struggling with drug problems that take many forms, including illegal drug use, prescription drug overuse, and alcohol abuse.
Worse, drug overdose deaths have increased over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic due to the opioid epidemic, taking lives all over the country. If you live in the Chicago, Illinois, area and you or someone you love is struggling with substance abuse problems or other chronic conditions, the team of doctors at Michigan Avenue Primary Care can help.
People struggling with substance use issues need our help, and if you know someone you think has problems, you should know what signs to look for. To better understand this, let’s examine substance use disorder, its causes and risks, and the symptoms to look for.
“Controlled dangerous substance” is a broad term for legal and illegal narcotics, stimulants, depressants, and synthetic steroids manufactured for medical use, but many can be abused through overuse or using them in inappropriate ways, leading to addiction.
Additionally, some medications are more addictive than others. They’re broken down into schedule categories by likelihood of abuse, and drugs like heroin, methamphetamines, cocaine, and oxycodone are often the ones people get addicted to. These are Schedule I or II, meaning they either have no medical use or they have a high chance of creating dependence.
Becoming addicted to a drug affects your behavior and your brain, leading to an overall inability to control the use of a given controlled dangerous substance. The dependency generally comes from the way these substances make you feel and creates the need to continue getting that feeling.
Some drugs, like those categorized as Schedule I or II create a higher risk of addiction and dependency, and over time, the pleasant effects wane more quickly, creating a cyclic need to get more and more.
The reasons for substance use disorder are varied and complicated and can stem from a number of factors. Prescription or experimental use is often where things start, which over time turns into use outside of recommended treatment and eventual dependency. How this process progresses depends on things like existing mental health conditions, brain chemistry, adverse childhood experiences (ACE) or trauma, genetics, and access or exposure to the substance.
Signs will change depending on what substance is being used, but there are many to look for, such as:
Dependence on these substances can lead to numerous changes in your hobbies, friends, personal relationships, and your ability to perform normally in work and home environments. It also creates mood changes like irritability, hyperactivity, paranoia, secrecy, and anger.
Dependence also causes major changes in eating habits that can affect your health, leading to tremors, weight changes, insomnia, fatigue, and other more severe health issues.
To maintain a drug habit, you may start engaging in riskier behavior that leads to financial problems, divorce, breakups, and other legal issues due to the inability to control yourself or your circumstances.
Several factors affect addiction problems, including how long someone has been using a drug, the control they have over its use, the cravings it creates, and the changes it creates in your social interactions and personal choices.
The greater the dependence, the more it will inhibit your ability to function normally at work or with other social obligations, the more you will use despite the dangers it presents, and the harder withdrawal will become.
Substance use disorder changes lives, and left untreated, leads to tragedy and sometimes death. If you or someone you love is struggling with this problem, make an appointment with the team at Michigan Avenue Primary Care today to get help. Call our office or schedule your visit online. | <urn:uuid:231d12e5-79a4-453a-ad57-adfd6337edd0> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://michiganavenueprimarycare.com/post/spotting-the-warning-signs-of-substance-abuse | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.93913 | 807 | 2.953125 | 3 |
The automotive industry, a powerhouse of innovation and economic growth, has witnessed a remarkable journey since its inception. From the early days of manual craftsmanship to the current era of advanced robotics, the evolution of car manufacturing reflects not only technological progress but also societal changes and economic dynamics.
Car manufacturing stands as a cornerstone of the global economy, with an intricate web of players contributing to its vibrancy. The industry’s significance extends beyond the assembly line, influencing environmental practices, technological advancements, and even shaping consumer preferences.
Evolution of Car Manufacturing
The roots of car manufacturing can be traced back to the meticulous craftsmanship of the early 20th century. However, it was the introduction of assembly lines by visionaries like Henry Ford that revolutionized the industry. Mass production became the norm, making cars more accessible to the general public.
Key Players in the Industry
The landscape of car manufacturing is dominated by giants like Toyota, General Motors, and Volkswagen. These industry leaders continuously push the boundaries of innovation. Simultaneously, smaller, more nimble companies contribute fresh perspectives and novel approaches to the ever-evolving industry.
In recent years, the integration of robotics and automation has transformed car manufacturing. Robots now handle intricate tasks with precision, enhancing efficiency and output. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and machine learning play pivotal roles, optimizing production processes and predicting maintenance needs.
Sustainability in Car Manufacturing
The industry has embraced sustainability, with manufacturers adopting eco-friendly initiatives. From the use of recycled materials to the implementation of green technologies, car manufacturers are actively contributing to environmental conservation.
Challenges Faced by Car Manufacturers
Despite the strides, challenges persist. Supply chain issues, exacerbated by global events, and navigating complex regulatory landscapes pose ongoing challenges for manufacturers.
Global Market Trends
A significant shift towards electric vehicles (EVs) is reshaping the industry. This transition is driven by environmental concerns and advancements in battery technology. Geopolitical factors also influence market dynamics, affecting the supply chain and production strategies.
Looking ahead, the industry is poised for continued innovation. Anticipated trends include the rise of autonomous vehicles, further integration of AI, and advancements in sustainable practices. However, challenges such as resource scarcity and geopolitical uncertainties loom on the horizon.
Consumer Preferences in Car Manufacturing
Consumer preferences play a crucial role in shaping the industry. Design trends, features, and the incorporation of cutting-edge technology are key considerations for manufacturers aiming to capture the market.
Car Manufacturing and Economic Development
The impact of car manufacturing on economic development cannot be overstated. Job creation, economic contributions, and regional variations underscore the industry’s role as a driver of prosperity.
Quality Control and Safety Standards
Stringent quality control measures and adherence to safety standards are non-negotiable aspects of car manufacturing. Technological advancements, including advanced driver-assistance systems, contribute to enhanced safety features.
Consumers increasingly seek personalized vehicles, prompting manufacturers to offer a myriad of customization options. From unique paint finishes to personalized interiors, customization has become a significant trend in the industry.
Collaborations and Partnerships
Collaborations across industries are fostering innovation. Car manufacturers are forming strategic partnerships to leverage expertise in technology, sustainability, and design, leading to groundbreaking advancements.
Government Policies and Incentives
Government support through favorable policies and incentives is instrumental in shaping the industry. Policies that promote sustainability and innovation contribute to the overall health of the car manufacturing sector.
In conclusion, the car manufacturing industry continues to be a dynamic force, navigating challenges while steering towards a future marked by innovation and sustainability. As the industry evolves, it will be fascinating to witness the interplay of technology, consumer preferences, and global dynamics shaping the cars of tomorrow. | <urn:uuid:89b1d3c2-a814-41f2-ba4c-92a01770f354> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://mindsmag.com/car-manufacturing-driving-the-future/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.90664 | 760 | 3.09375 | 3 |
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ItemThe impacts of climate variability and change on severe thunderstorm environments in AustraliaAllen, John Terrence ( 2012)Severe thunderstorms present a relatively infrequent but significant threat to property and life in Australia during the spring and summer. These thunderstorms can produce hailstones over 2cm in diameter, winds in excess of 90kmh-1 and less frequently tornadoes. Any of these phenomena can result in localised high impact severe events. Recent examples of this potential are illustrated by damage caused by the 1999 Sydney Hailstorm, 2008 Gap Microburst and the 2010 and 2011 Melbourne Hailstorms. This risk makes the implications of a changing and variable climate on severe thunderstorms important to understand. Recent studies into the impacts of anthropogenic climate change on severe weather events, including thunderstorms, suggest a potential increasing trend in both frequency and intensity for Australia. While current convective parameterisations in both global and regional climate models limit direct assessments of future convection, the use of environmental parameters to estimate changes in severe thunderstorm environments has been successful in other geographical regions. This study seeks an answer to the question “Is the frequency and distribution of severe thunderstorm environments in Australia likely to change in the future?” A database of 1550 independent severe thunderstorm reports in Australia has been developed for the period March 2003 to April 2010. Severe thunderstorm reports are then used to identify relationships with their associated environments estimated using proximal soundings from a mesoscale numerical weather assimilation and prediction model (MesoLAPS). This proximity climatology of known severe thunderstorm environments has been successfully used to derive covariate discriminants that identify the potential of an environment to produce severe thunderstorms. These covariates use variables describing the potential for organised convection (deep-layer wind shear), and the potential for instability over the depth of the atmosphere (convective available potential energy). Applying these discriminants to a reanalysis dataset (ERA-Interim), a climatology of the frequency and spatial distribution of environments favourable to the development of severe and significant severe thunderstorms for Australia has been developed for warm seasons during the period 1979-2011. This climatology demonstrates that inter-annual variability in terms of both the frequency and spatial distribution of environments is influenced by El Niño- Southern Oscillation. La Niña conditions are typically associated with an increased frequency and an inland shift of favourable environments over eastern Australia, while El Niño typically results in fewer environments, particularly along the coastal fringe. Applying this climatology, the environments simulated by two climate models (CSIRO Mk3.6 and CCAM) for the 20-season period 1980-2000 are examined over Australia and tested against the reanalysis climatology. In particular, the ability of the models to resolve the intra-annual variability and both quantify and simulate the spatial distribution of convective variables are analysed, and are found to perform reasonably well, especially in the case of the higher resolution CCAM. Finally, future simulations of severe thunderstorm environments from high emissions projections for the period 2079-2099 are presented for both models. Comparing these simulations to the 20th century, a potential small increase in the frequency of severe thunderstorm environments appears likely for southeast and eastern Australia under a warming climate. | <urn:uuid:f998fa01-b0fa-4f8e-8741-0702142a0597> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://minerva-access.unimelb.edu.au/collections/dd6b702f-1983-5fe6-944f-cc04005d8a55?spc.page=1&view=listElement&spc.sf=dc.date.available&spc.sd=DESC&f.dateIssued.max=2012&f.subject=climate%20variability,equals&f.subject=climate%20change,equals&f.dateIssued.min=2012 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.915541 | 674 | 3.046875 | 3 |
To play Aces, run the PLT Games program. (Under Unix, it’s called plt-games).
Aces is a solitaire card game. The object is to remove all of the cards from the board, except the four Aces.
Remove a card by clicking it. You may remove a card when two conditions are true. First, it must be at the bottom of one of the four stacks of cards. Second, either the ace of the same suit, or a higher card of the same suit must also be at the bottom of one of the four stacks of cards.
You may also move any card from the bottom of one of the stacks to an empty stack by clicking it. If there are still cards in the deck on the right, you may click the deck to deal four new cards, one onto the bottom of each stack. | <urn:uuid:4cbc0746-3af7-44c9-a547-4acff093d484> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://mirror.racket-lang.org/docs/5.3.3/html/games/aces.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.947107 | 178 | 2.546875 | 3 |
This article is from the forthcoming Fall edition of Mobile Baykeeper’s print quarterly, CURRENTS. The magazine is mailed to active members who have given more than $50 in 2023. To get on the magazine’s mailing list, donate here.
By Cade Kistler
Our community’s heart beats in rhythm with the gentle lap of Mobile Bay’s waters. Fish fries, lazy days on the shore, traditions handed down through generations — the vibrance of our Bay is deeply woven into the fabric of our lives. But this tapestry is unraveling, strand by strand, as uncontrolled stormwater pollution from construction smothers our cherished waters.
Where past generations gazed at crystal-clear streams and seagrass dancing in the tide, now rivers of silt run through our fingers. This muddiness has profoundly impacted Mobile Bay’s ecology as sunlight essential for aquatic plants is blocked. A 2002 analysis by the Mobile Bay National Estuary Program revealed staggering losses — 70 percent of mid-20th century submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) coverage had vanished, plummeting from 1,924 acres in 1940 to just more than 855 acres in 2002. A 2009 study showed this decline continuing. These underwater grasses once spanned the Bay, filtering sediment and nourishing wildlife. Now massive swaths of barren bottoms lie where green meadows once swayed.
The statistics paint a sobering portrait, one that naturalist and eco-tour guide Jimbo Meador has seen play out first-hand. “The Bay is always muddy now. We’ve lost all our seagrasses. Without sunlight, seagrass can’t photosynthesize. Muddy water is like putting a tarp over your lawn — no grass will grow.”
Sediment also suffocates oysters, mussels, and fish populations. Once diverse stream beds have become silted wastelands, inhospitable to bugs, shrimp, crabs, and oysters.
The human toll is no less severe. Waterfront home-values can plunge more than 20 percent as dredging becomes a prerequisite for usable docks and boathouses. Fly Creek tells this story vividly. Before construction of the shopping center, the creek was navigable by small boats well upstream of Scenic Highway 98. Today, just a few hundred yards above the bridge at Scenic 98, the creek has shoaled into an impassable trickle, even for kayaks.
While stormwater pollution has many sources, uncontrolled runoff from construction sites represents a significant contributor, especially when it comes to land-disturbing projects like new subdivisions. Poor compliance and oversight allow uncontrolled sediment to wash from these sites into nearby streams during rain events. Weak enforcement enables short-sighted developers to shirk preventative measures.
Despite more than 260 warning letters in 2022, ADEM issued just 17 consent orders with penalties. The rare penalties that are imposed often pack all the punch of a pillow fight.
For example, DR Horton, a national residential-developer, has received 12 warning letters and four notices of violation in 2022. For that, they received one fine; their development at Stonebridge construction was repeatedly found by ADEM to be allowing mud to run into and pollute the Fish River, yet they were fined only $22,750. For a company with $33.48 billion in revenue for that year, this represented just 0.00007 percent of earnings.
With such muted enforcement, ADEM has inadvertently created an economic incentive for developers to ignore protections for waterways. Of course, ADEM faces real constraints — limited staffing, funding, and outdated regulations — in trying to address today’s complex stormwater issues.
But the core problem is ADEM’s collaboration with developers, largely in place of real enforcement needed to improve compliance. If violating regulations remains cheaper than compliance, many will continue taking that route rather than invest in preventative measures. This is especially true when consequences for violations are rare and weak. The reality is that unless non-compliance has tangible financial repercussions, some businesses will cut corners to save money at the expense of our waters and those downstream.
But our waters don’t belong to developers; they are the beating heart of countless livelihoods and our shared cultural heritage. ADEM must impose substantive stop-work orders and fines that outweigh potential costs saved by non-compliance.
Warnings and collaboration alone cannot overcome this economic reality. Strong enforcement makes doing right more profitable than doing wrong — and evens the playing field for those developers who have committed to doing the right thing. For the sake of our waters, our wildlife, and our coastal heritage, the time has come to make this so.
That is why we are calling for accountability and action. Baykeeper is committed to:
We must write a new story for Mobile Bay, one where we protect what is ours, where we honor the legacy inherited from past generations and work to leave an untarnished one of our own.
In the coming year, we’ll be calling on you for help in changing these policies and improving construction stormwater. If you want to be a part of that campaign, text ‘stop mud’ to (251) 220-7685, or visit MobileBaykeeper.org/stop-mud as we stand up for clear waters, seagrass restoration, and for a vibrant, living Bay. The time to act is now. Our waters and heritage demand nothing less.
Photo: Aerial image of Red Gully emptying into Mobile Bay. Mud from construction occurring upstream of where this photo was captured, on and near U.S. 98 in Daphne, flows downstream through Red Gully negatively impacting nearby property owners and polluting Mobile Bay. | <urn:uuid:f6a247b1-dddf-445c-8d41-95ba30c781f1> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://mobilebaykeeper.org/blog/the-muddying-of-mobile-bay/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.943451 | 1,192 | 2.71875 | 3 |
Chronology of pair formation and breeding biology in the wood duck
The annual behavioral cycle of the wood duck (Aix sponsa) has not been thoroughly investigated in the wild. An increase in the numbers of pairs throughout the fall indicates courtship activity may begin soon after completion of the prealternate molt. The timing of pair formation and the relationship of the breeding strategy to habitat are important in understanding the ecology of the wood duck. A study of courtship behavior and pair formation chronology can give insight to behavioral responses to an environment.This study was designed to acquire information on pair formation and behavioral responses to environmental cues by pursuing the following objectives: 1. To determine chronology of pair formation by observation of courtship behavior throughout the year in the wild. 2. To determine strength of the pair bond in fall and spring including: a. definition of a pair b. interactions between pairs and groups of wood ducks c. change in behavior patterns through the courtship period. 3. To determine existence or function of unpaired males in spring. 4. To determine habitat use.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 License. | <urn:uuid:41312e13-d963-4ea1-b905-35652dc369da> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://mospace.umsystem.edu/xmlui/handle/10355/96412 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.870728 | 241 | 3.640625 | 4 |
How can we manage pests and diseases in the garden?
Possibly the most valuable approach to managing pests and diseases in an educational garden is approaching it with the realistic expectation that “if you build it, they will come” and to perceive each inevitable challenge as an opportunity to engage students in the reality of gardening. This is another area of gardening where you do not need to be an expert, but having a willingness to learn and teach are moreover an invaluable characteristic.
The Maine School Garden Network previously had a program called “Garden Health Engagement” to encourage garden leaders to approach these challenges with their students. The project was designed to inspire student involvement in identifying and overcoming pest and disease challenges in educational gardens using Integrated Pest Management (IPM) concepts. The mission of the program is to promote awareness of plant health resources and grow an understanding of the risks that threaten our food system. School visits were tailored to the teachers and/or students, grade levels, gardens, seasonal access and garden program objectives. Takeaways include:
- The garden is HOME to many insects, but not all insects are pests.
- It is critical to investigate the insects before making a decision on how to protect the garden.
- You do not need to be an IPM expert – exploration and student engagement in plant challenges is a valuable approach to problem solving pests.
- Pests are inevitable and building your “IPM Toolbox” is important – prepare ideas on how to manage these challenges in advance and engage students in research.
Garden visits empower students and teachers to perceive the garden differently; from exploring and thinking like an insect to considering the challenges and problem solving like a farmer. Participants consider the importance of the garden to the insects, recognizing that it was home to both pests and beneficial insects. Students scout (or observe pest samples) and discuss observations and options for protecting the garden. They learn the importance of first understanding how the insects work in the environment and how it relates to making educated decisions about protecting the garden ecosystem and their food. Students are typically amazed at how beneficial insects work to control pests in the garden and teachers are thankful to know that MSGN is a technical resource for this exploration. Moreover, participants cultivate an appreciation for what it takes to grow food and realize that while pests are an inevitable challenge in gardens they can be opportunities to engage in learning.
Here are some technical resources and curriculum connections that we recommend for managing pests and diseases in your garden. IPM lessons and resources are available by the Maine Department of Agriculture’s Maine School IPM Program K-12 IPM website.
- Sample School Garden IPM Plan
- Checklist for School Gardens
- Resources for School Orchards
- Sample School Greenhouse IPM Plan
Informative IPM Presentations
Here are a couple informative presentations on IPM and bugs in your garden by former MSGN Coordinator, Erica Verrier:
What’s Bugging Your Garden
- Discuss insects in the garden
- Observe some “pests”
- See some of their “enemies”
- Explore tools for investigating insects
IPM Fits All Gardens
- What is IPM?
- What are the secrets to success?
- How does IPM work?
- What are some examples of IPM at work?
- What is our IPM “Toolbox”?
- How do we choose controls?
- How do we practice successful IPM?
- Why is IPM a smart approach to school gardens?
More Information About IPM
We have offered site visits and programs in IPM in the past based on grant funding. Currently Maine Agriculture in the Classroom is managing this program. For more information about this program, contact [email protected].
Check out the Maine Department of Agriculture, Conservation and Forestry Integrated Pest Management program.
The Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Program takes an active role in promoting and supporting the use of IPM–best management practices that emphasize quality production and health while minimizing reliance on pesticides.
Why teach about pests and pesticides?
Insects, weeds and other critters can affect people, our food and our environment in important ways. Teaching about IPM provides an engaging way to apply scientific concepts to everyday situations, including:
- How can we avoid tick and mosquito bites?
- Why are bees important?
- How can we keep pests from eating our school garden plants?
Lessons are organized by topic:
For more information, call Maine Department of Agriculture, Conservation and Forestry IPM department at (207) 215-4793. | <urn:uuid:4f14ea07-3127-4990-ad15-319b661ace61> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://msgn.org/resources/ipm-program/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.93878 | 938 | 3.65625 | 4 |
What is the diabetes-curing fruit of legend? Jamun is an established fruit for those with type 2 diabetes. A research published in the Journal of Food Science and Technology indicates that jamun possesses anti-diabetic and antioxidant properties.
Can walking cure diabetes? Studies have shown that walking may be effective for lowering blood glucose levels and improving diabetes management. In a research involving individuals with type 1 diabetes, participants were randomly allocated to either take a 30-minute walk after a meal or have the same meal while remaining sedentary.
What plant may treat diabetes? According to the Chinese, mango leaves may be used to treat diabetes. An extract of mango leaves has been used to treat diabetes and asthma for generations. It is due to the amount of nutrients in the leaves.
4 Steps To Reverse Diabetes Naturally – RELATED QUESTIONS
Is fasting beneficial for diabetics?
The American Diabetes Association does not endorse fasting as a method for managing diabetes. According to the organization, medical nutrition treatment and increased physical activity are the pillars of weight reduction and effective diabetes management.
How often should a diabetic eat each day?
A diabetic diet consists of consuming three meals each day at regular intervals. This helps you use the insulin your body makes or receives from prescription more effectively. A trained dietician can assist you in developing a diet based on your health objectives, preferences, and lifestyle.
Are bananas healthy for diabetics?
Bananas are a healthy and safe fruit for diabetics to consume in moderation as part of a well-balanced, personalized diet plan. The diet of a diabetic individual should contain fresh plant foods, such as fruits and vegetables. Bananas give an abundance of nutrients without contributing many calories.
Does apple cider vinegar reduce A1C levels?
The review indicates that apple cider vinegar reduced HbA1c levels by a modest but substantial amount after 8–12 weeks. HbA1c readings represent a person’s average blood glucose levels over the course of many weeks or months.
Can walking 30 minutes a day reduce blood sugar?
Good news: According to two recent studies, daily exercise for 30 minutes decreases diabetes risk by 25 percent, while walking for 10 minutes after meals reduces blood sugar by 22 percent.
How much walking should a diabetic do?
According to a research published in Diabetes Care in June 2013, three short walks after a meal were just as efficient in lowering blood sugar levels over the next 24 hours as a 45-minute walk at the same easy-to-moderate speed. Once you accomplish 10,000 steps per day, increase your step count.
How long must one walk to reduce blood sugar levels?
Try walking for 10 minutes three times a week. Stretch every other day for five minutes. Each day, gradually add 5 to 10 minutes of activity. Most days of the week, 30 minutes of moderate exercise, such as walking, is a good goal for most individuals. | <urn:uuid:846dd436-f8b6-4aa4-b96b-1d6bc9519cff> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://mydiabetesday.com/4-steps-to-reverse-diabetes-naturally/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.93064 | 597 | 2.640625 | 3 |
Endeavour Field: Godzilla Hydrothermal Vent
At the Endeavor site, a northern segment of the Juan de Fuca Ridge, the earth's tectonic plates are spreading apart, and magma is welling up creating new crust. In some places, water is being drawn down below the surface, superheated by the magma, and expelled through hydrothermal vents. These vents deposit dissolved minerals on the seafloor and overtime build up to become large chimneys. E/V Nautilus encountered some extraordinarily large and elaborate examples of these smokers on a recent dive in partnership with Ocean Networks Canada. | <urn:uuid:826d1e28-8f26-4dff-9fd7-c7490a280de5> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://nautiluslive.org/video/2016/06/03/endeavour-field-godzilla-hydrothermal-vent | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.898697 | 127 | 3.046875 | 3 |
A really interesting story appeared recently in the world’s top science journal, and it comes from a group out of Western Sydney University. Putting it simply, the level of CO2 around various trees in an old growth forest was increased. These plants have been there for centuries undisturbed by farming or other practices. They wanted to show that increasing CO2 leads to increases in plant growth – the idea being that this is a way of offsetting CO2 emissions.
These types of experiments had previously been done in glasshouses, where plant growth increased significantly, however, when these experiments were done in a more realistic setting, there were no increases in plant growth, which indicated that CO2 emissions can’t be readily offset by increased plant growth – at least not in Australian forests.
Interestingly, the increase in CO2 increased the efficiency of photosynthesis, which increased the ability of the trees to produce sugar, but it didn’t increase the growth of the plants. I suppose it would be like us eating sugar and expecting to grow muscles – you need the right nutrients. The trees simply did not have the necessary nutrients to grow more biomass. So this extra sugar produced by the trees was simply pumped down to the roots and released into the soil, where soil microbes used it and converted it back into CO2. The conclusion from this is that native trees are not lacking CO2 as a nutrient, but they are lacking other nutrients, and this has obvious implications on fertilising natives.
This is why we should be applying fertiliser to our natives in the garden. We know Australian soils are generally impoverished, and if old growth forest soils are lacking nutrients, think about what your garden soil may be like for growing natives. It may have been used as farmland or an industrial site, so nutrients are going to be low even for natives, which people seem to think can get by without any help.
Without fertiliser, natives tend to look spindly and dry, so giving them something like Bush Tucker – which has been specifically formulated for natives with reduced phosphate availability – gives your natives a gentle feed which they love. This study has shown two things – firstly, we can’t easily offset CO2 emissions by expecting additional plant growth, and even natives need some fertiliser to grow and perform at their best.
To keep up to date with Neutrog’s community news, inspirational stories from home gardeners, new product developments and the best products to use on which plants and when, join the Pooh Bah Club and we’ll email you our monthly newsletter. It’s free to join and you can unsubscribe at any time. We promise not to bombard you with emails! | <urn:uuid:7eef4fcb-f340-41ac-9281-aef0d9bf7b3f> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://neutrog.com.au/2020/06/23/why-natives-need-fertilising/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.971274 | 550 | 3.46875 | 3 |
Scientists at the Cornell Lab of Ornithology are asking the public to help monitor the impact on native birds of invasive species, such as the house sparrow, by participating in a citizen-science project called The Birdhouse Network (TBN).
In the mid-1800s, the little brown house sparrows were introduced into the United States from Europe to alleviate homesickness for the Old World and because they were believed to control insect pests. Since then, these adaptable birds have made themselves quite comfortable here -- spreading their wings across all of North America in vast numbers, according to TBN project leader Tina Phillips. She says surging populations of house sparrows have resulted in fierce competition with native birds for nesting sites. According to 2003 data collected by TBN, house sparrows account for 43 percent of all competitor species (species that take over nest boxes intended for native birds). And although most nest-box (or bird-house) enthusiasts discourage nesting by house sparrows, the birds still comprise 10 percent of all reported nesting attempts when at least one egg is laid.
What effect is this having on North America's bluebirds, swallows and other native cavity-nesting species? "We don't know," says Phillips. "There are no long-term studies showing the effect of competition between house sparrows and our native cavity-nesters. This is one reason why we're asking everyone across the continent to become part of our nest-box monitoring project. The only way to get answers is to get data, which are provided most effectively by people who monitor nest boxes."
TBN participants monitor activity inside nest boxes and keep track of data such as egg-laying dates, numbers of eggs and nestlings, and fledging dates. The participants send their observations to researchers at the Cornell Lab of Ornithology, where the data are combined with observations from across North America, to determine the annual nesting success of cavity-nesting birds. Competition with non-native species, such as house sparrows, as well as pesticide use and habitat loss resulted in a serious decline in bluebird populations in the middle of the last century. Today bluebird populations are rebounding thanks to bird enthusiasts who provide nest boxes in their yards, fields and neighborhoods. Phillips points out, however, that simply putting up nest boxes isn't enough. In order to ensure the long-term future of native cavity-nesters, nest-box owners need to monitor and report what's going on inside their boxes. Only then will scientists have a true picture of the current status and factors influencing breeding success of native cavity-nesting species.
One thing is known for sure: In head-to-head competition, house sparrows readily out-compete native species for nesting sites by evicting other nesting birds, destroying their eggs, killing nestlings and sometimes even killing the incubating female. Adding to the competition is the fact that once a male house sparrow establishes a territory, he remains there year-round and starts defending that territory early in the season, often preventing later-arriving species, such as bluebirds and swallows, from nesting.
House sparrows also are prolific breeders, raising up to four broods per season (compared with just one or two for bluebirds), each brood averaging four to five eggs. They are expert nest builders and rebuild nests at a rapid rate. For these reasons, TBN is collecting data for a new Nest-Box Competitor Study examining the effect of nest-box competition from invasive species on native cavity-nesting birds. Participants collect information about the competitor species using the nest box, the type of interference, if any, by monitors and the final outcome of the nesting attempt.
So far, the project has received more than 41,000 nesting records for more than 40 cavity-nesting species. Information, however, is still greatly needed for the Nest-Box Competitor Study.
Serious birders, beginners, families, classrooms, youth groups -- everyone is invited to become part of TBN. A registration fee of $15 ($12 for lab members) helps offset the cost of running the project. Participants receive a packet that includes a full-color poster of cavity-nesting birds, access to private and public cavity-nesting listservs, an annual subscription to the lab's quarterly newsletter "BirdScope," and access to an online database where participants can submit, organize, share and store their nest-box observations. People can sign up by calling the lab toll-free at (800) 843-2473; outside the United States at (607) 254-2473); or by visiting TBN's Web site at http://www.birds.cornell.edu/birdhouse .
Nest Box Cams Peek Inside the Mysterious Lives of Cavity-Nesting Birds
Since 1999 The Birdhouse Network (TBN) has provided live images of cavity-nesting birds to viewers around the world. Using a system of Nest Box Cams -- small cameras placed inside nest boxes -- Internet viewers can follow such species as bluebirds, swallows, barn owls, American Kestrels and chickadees, as they build their nest, lay eggs, hatch, feed the young and much more. Developed and managed by the TBN staff, the cams have attracted nearly half a million viewers.
"The cams are a great way to get a up-close-and-personal look at what goes on inside a nest box, something that just wouldn't be possible without the cams," says Tina Phillips, TBN's project leader. To get a peek or to make a donation to support the cams, visit TBN's web site at http://www.birds.cornell.edu/birdhouse . To become a sponsor of the cams, contact Phillips at (800) 843-2473 or, if outside the United States (607) 254-2473.
How to Discourage House Sparrows From Nesting
In addition to collecting data, there is more that nest-box monitors can do. The Birdhouse Network recommends several tips to discourage house sparrows from nesting. These tips include avoiding the use of filler grain, such as milo, millet or cracked corn, at bird feeder stations -- all favored foods of House sparrows. Since house sparrows can be common around human habitation, TBN recommends placing nest boxes away from heavily trafficked areas. Another strategy is to plug the entrance hole of nest boxes until the desired species arrives for breeding, in the hope that house sparrows in the area have already set up housekeeping elsewhere. Since house sparrows are not federally protected, experienced monitors also often remove nests or eggs and deploy traps.
"Sometimes the best strategy for dealing with house sparrows is to not put up a box at all, especially if you aren't willing to discourage their nesting in favor of native species," says Phillips. She also adds that to really make a difference for the birds, becoming part of TBN and sharing observations with researchers is essential.
The Cornell Lab of Ornithology is a membership institution interpreting and conserving the Earth's biological diversity through research, education and citizen science focused on birds. | <urn:uuid:4d38bcf6-dfcc-4b6d-94d5-bbbceed093a1> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://news.cornell.edu/stories/2004/04/citizens-asked-monitor-impact-invasive-bird-species | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.944866 | 1,491 | 3.703125 | 4 |
The Evolution of Wearable Technology and Its Impact on Health
Over the past decade, there has been a significant rise in the popularity of wearable technology. These devices, which are worn on the body and typically connected to a smartphone or other device, have become increasingly sophisticated and are now able to track and monitor various aspects of our health. From counting steps and measuring heart rate to monitoring sleep patterns and managing stress levels, wearables have revolutionized the way we approach our health and fitness goals.
The concept of wearable technology is not entirely new. In fact, the first fitness tracker, known as the Fitbit, was introduced in 2009. However, it was only in recent years that these devices started gaining mainstream attention and becoming an integral part of our daily lives. Today, it seems like everyone has a fitness tracker or a smartwatch, with different brands and models offering a range of features and functionalities.
One of the key reasons for the rapid growth of wearable technology is its ability to provide personalized and real-time data about our health. Gone are the days when we had to rely on occasional doctor visits or generic health advice. With wearables, we now have access to constant updates about our physical activity, heart rate, and even data about our sleep quality. This information empowers us to make informed decisions about our health, allowing us to make adjustments to our lifestyle, exercise routine, and diet as necessary.
Wearables have also had a significant impact on our physical fitness. Studies have shown that wearing a fitness tracker can increase physical activity levels by providing individuals with immediate feedback and motivation to reach their daily goals. By setting target steps or exercise time, these devices push users to stay active throughout the day. Many users have reported noticeable improvements in their fitness levels and overall well-being as a result.
Moreover, wearables have also become valuable tools in managing chronic conditions and providing healthcare professionals with crucial data. For individuals with conditions such as diabetes or heart disease, wearable devices can monitor vital signs, track medication adherence, and provide early warnings in case of any abnormalities. This not only allows for better management of these conditions but also reduces the number of regular doctor visits and hospitalizations.
In addition to physical health, wearables have also shown promising potential in the realm of mental health. Many devices now include features for stress monitoring and relaxation techniques, such as guided breathing exercises. These tools are especially helpful in today’s fast-paced, high-stress world, where mental health issues are becoming increasingly prevalent. By tracking stress levels and providing techniques for relaxation, wearables contribute to promoting overall mental well-being.
The evolution of wearable technology is not without its challenges, though. The accuracy of some devices has been questioned, leading to concerns about the reliability of the data provided. Additionally, the sheer amount of data generated by wearables can be overwhelming and difficult to interpret for individuals without proper knowledge or guidance. It is crucial for users to understand the limitations of these devices and to work with healthcare professionals to make the best use of the information provided.
Looking ahead, the future of wearable technology in healthcare seems promising. Advancements in artificial intelligence and machine learning are expected to enhance the accuracy and capabilities of wearables even further. Additionally, there is a growing emphasis on integrating wearables into the healthcare system, with doctors and hospitals using the data collected by these devices to provide more personalized and proactive care. Wearables could potentially play a significant role in preventive medicine and early disease detection, saving lives and reducing healthcare costs.
In conclusion, wearable technology has come a long way since its inception. With their ability to track and monitor various aspects of our health, wearables have made a notable impact on both physical and mental well-being. From encouraging physical activity to managing chronic conditions, these devices have the potential to revolutionize the way we approach healthcare. However, it is crucial to use wearables responsibly and in conjunction with professional medical advice, ensuring that the information provided is accurate and utilized effectively. As technology continues to advance, wearables are set to become an even more integral part of our quest for a healthier future. | <urn:uuid:0fc1d71c-1e33-4d8c-b82c-188dc281e017> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://newsinkmag.com/the-evolution-of-wearable-technology-and-its-impact-on-health/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.964241 | 833 | 3.046875 | 3 |
Rates of sexually transmitted diseases have risen for the past four years to record highs in the United States, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s latest analysis. In California, the state health department found that the number of people diagnosed with syphilis, gonorrhea or chlamydia in 2017 was 45 percent higher than five years prior.
These sorts of statistics may spark a fear that there’s little we can do to protect ourselves — but that’s not the full story.
Dr. Leena Nathan, an obstetrician/gynecologist at UCLA Health-Westlake Village, consults with people daily about sexual health. Hundreds of people visit her clinic each week for infection screening, contraception, fertility consultation and various medical and surgical procedures — services also provided at many of the more than 170 UCLA Health medical practices across the greater Los Angeles area.
“We all need to be comfortable talking about sexual health,” Nathan said. “The more that we talk about it, the better equipped we are to combat the rising rates of infections transmitted through sex.
“When it comes to questions about sexual health, physicians have heard it all, so you can ask us anything. But people should feel empowered to talk about health issues with their sexual partners, too,” Nathan added. “If you’re willing to sleep with someone, you should also be willing to bring up the topic of protection, which can significantly decrease your risk for contracting an infection.”
Nathan explains which infections sexually active people are more likely to be exposed to and to contract — and the steps people can take to protect themselves against such infections.
Why are infections on the rise? How serious is the problem?
Casual online dating and hookup apps mean sexual activity can be just a tap away. But this means your risk for catching an infection can be just a tap away, too. As with nearly any issue, more public knowledge about the problem and prevention will go a long way.
In response to the HIV/AIDS crisis, public health campaigns began advocating for safer sex and condom use to inhibit the spread of the virus. Various research, including a study in the British Medical Journal, have found such campaigns effective for increasing public awareness and lowering transmission rates. In recent years, we haven't had as much funding and as many public health campaigns activated with the same urgency. The National Coalition of STD Directors points out that federal funding for sexually transmitted disease prevention has seen a 40 percent drop in purchasing power since 2003. There’s a lot of room to educate the public on practices to promote safer sex.
The current situation is at a critical point. But there are certainly steps that public health entities can take and that individuals can take to reduce the spread of sexually transmitted infections.
What’s the difference between STDs and STIs?
We tend to use the terms STD, or sexually transmitted disease, and STI, or sexually transmitted infection, interchangeably. One nuance would be that STIs include not only diseases but also infections that haven’t resulted in symptoms and haven’t yet developed into diseases. For example, many people carry the herpes simplex virus without developing the blisters that are characteristic of the disease.
How do you know if you have a sexually transmitted infection?
Oftentimes, you don’t know. Most STIs are asymptomatic in early stages, which means regular screening is vital. Gonorrhea and chlamydia, for example, tend not to produce symptoms, but if left untreated they each can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility.
If you’re sexually active, you should get screened at least once a year unless you're in a confirmed monogamous relationship. It’s a mistake to think you should only worry about STIs if you’re having symptoms.
Which STIs should I be aware of?
There are many infections that can be transmitted by sex, but there are certain STIs that health experts pay particularly close attention to and for which clinicians routinely test.
The CDC recommends that all sexually active women under age 25 and all men who have sex with men be screened at least once a year for gonorrhea and chlamydia. Syphilis is another STI we worry about. The CDC recommends that men who have sex with men be screened at least annually as well. Syphilis can cause organ damage and a host of other issues in its later stages. Gonorrhea, chlamydia and syphilis can all be cured.
Human papillomavirus, or HPV, is a group of viruses — some of which can lead to cervical, anal and other cancers. It’s estimated that up to 80 percent of sexually active people will be infected with HPV in their lifetime.
Human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV, is another infection that we test for and want to catch early. It is not curable, but it is treatable and can be managed with medication.
What are the best ways to protect yourself?
Condom use is so important. Many people believe condoms should only be used for birth control and don’t realize how important they are for prevention of STIs as well. Condoms don’t prevent everything, but proper use provides significant protection against chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis and HIV.
I also recommend the HPV vaccine to all patients age 26 and younger. HPV is extremely common and can cause cancer in certain people. Some parents report being reluctant to give their children the HPV vaccine because they think it may somehow encourage their children to have sex at a younger age. Recent research suggests this isn’t the case.
Whether male or female, people at higher risk for HIV can consider taking pre-exposure prophylaxis, a daily oral medication that when taken correctly nearly eliminates the chances of contracting HIV. There’s also post-exposure prophylaxis, which is a medication we can administer for those who potentially came into sexual contact with an HIV-positive person. Post-exposure prophylaxis can significantly reduce your chances of contracting the virus after exposure.
If you are worried you might have a sexually transmitted infection, how long after a sexual encounter should you wait to get tested?
There’s a certain period of time between which you contract an infection and the infection can show up on tests. This amount of time varies based on the infection.
Tests to screen for gonorrhea and chlamydia are generally reliable two weeks after infection. Syphilis testing requires a longer period before being reliable – from several weeks to three months after infection. For HIV we have multiple ways we can test for the virus, and three months after sexual contact all tests should be reliable.
Are certain demographics at higher risk than others?
Certain populations are at a higher risk for HIV, including men who have sex with men, transgender women who have sex with men, and certain racial and ethnic groups such as blacks and Hispanics. Medications and condom use can help reduce the risk for HIV transmission.
Syphilis is especially a concern when it comes to pregnant women. The disease can cause birth defects and death in babies. The latest CDC guidelines call for pregnant women to be screened once in the first trimester and, for high-risk women, once in the last trimester — closer to delivery — because some women contract syphilis while pregnant.
Also, we’re absolutely seeing a rise in STIs, including gonorrhea and chlamydia, among men and women in their 50s, 60s and beyond. In fact, the CDC found that among people aged 55 and older, chlamydia cases nearly doubled and gonorrhea cases nearly tripled between 2013 and 2017. Drugs like Viagra enable many older people to have an active sex life, but some of them overlook the risks of unsafe sexual activity. Some post-menopausal women, for example, see no need to use condoms because they can no longer get pregnant. But they should still be using condoms for protection against STIs. | <urn:uuid:c567e119-2a96-4be7-b44c-88e1718e5a19> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://newsroom.ucla.edu/stories/stis-are-on-the-rise-heres-what-you-need-to-know-to-protect-yourself | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.954854 | 1,664 | 2.515625 | 3 |
01 May A Healthy Environment for a Healthy You!
Even if you don’t believe in the theories about how global warming will affect our planet, there’s just no denying that we humans are leaving a huge impact on our world. And, as a naturopath, I’m learning more and more that the impact we have on our world conversely has a tremendous impact on our health.
I thought it fitting that this month’s newsletter focus on a few simple measures you can take to decrease your “carbon footprint” on the earth… And if making our world a better place to live is not incentive enough, minimizing the impact of pollution on your health should be!
Change your lightbulbs:
Consider changing your regular incandescent bulbs to compact fluorescent lightbulbs (CFLs) which last several years longer and use only one quarter of the electricity as compared to regular bulbs. Although they are more expensive than conventional bulbs, and they require proper disposal since they contain mercury, they are certainly a “green option” that is relatively painless to institute.
Change the way you wash:
In our cleanliness-obsessed society, we wash everything even when it’s not dirty. Since the average load of laundry in a machine uses 40 gallons of water and washing and drying contributes significantly to the carbon emissions of the average home, consider doing one fewer load a week. In addition, use warm or cold water if you can. Run one large load of laundry instead of many small loads. Now that it’s warm, dry your clothes the old-fashioned way; on a clothes line. If you must use the dryer, remember to clear the link filter before every use to improve the efficiency of your dryer. Also, use the dishwasher only when it’s full. And, consider upgrading your washer, dryer, and dishwasher to more energy efficient models. Finally, turn off the tap while you soap up your dishes, brush you teeth, or shave.
Heat and cool your house efficiently:
Set a programmable thermostat to adjust heat and air conditioning according to your daily activity patterns (for example, lower the heat and AC at night or when you’re out for the day). You can also save money and reduce energy and carbon emissions by turning your thermostat down two degrees in winter and up two degrees in summer. Make sure that you house is well-insulated (weather-strip or consider replacing leaky doors and windows). One more thing: lower the temperature of your water heater a couple of degrees and use an insulated blanket to prevent heat loss from the water heater; you’ll save on electricity and you won’t feel the difference in your shower or bath.
Skip the excess packaging and paper:
Plastic can take up to 1000 years to biodegrade and contributes to harmful greenhouse gasses. So, take along your own bags to the grocery store. Drop off those bags you’ve been saving but never use at your to your grocery store to recycle. Also, avoid buying products with excess packaging. For example, buy large containers of applesauce and package it in reusable containers for your lunch. Let your vegetables roll around in the cart (you don’t need a bag for the lone avocado you bought). Give back extra napkins or ketchup packets you get at your favorite take out. Bring your own mug to Starbucks. Also, cut down on the junk-mail you receive by going to www.ftc.gov to remove yourself from marketing lists. Pay your bills online and save on paper (and the cost of a stamp)!
Get a water filter:
Bottled water is not necessarily cleaner or healthier. Water is heavy and transporting and bottling it has a definite impact on the environment. In addition, those plastic bottles we so readily throw away also fill our landfills. Consider a water filtration system so that you can use your local water. I recommend the brand Aquasauna which filters impurities and needs replacing only once every six months!
Turn it off when not in use:
Not only is it costly to your wallet, but it’s costly to our planet to leave electrical appliances on “stand-by mode”. Turn off your computer, TV, DVR, printer, and stereo when not in use. Turn off the light when you leave the room. If you have a hard time remembering, use an automatic timer switch for some of your electrical appliances and lights.
When getting around:
Walk or ride your bike if it’s at all an option. If not, use public transportation or, at least car pool. Cut down your trips to the grocery store by planning ahead. Don’t idle in traffic; if you’re in a jam, turn the engine off. Give your engine a tune-up (it can improve gas mileage by 4% or more) and make sure your tires are properly inflated. Avoid speeding, fast acceleration, and hard braking which waste gas.
The bottom line: we can all do small, but significant things, in our every day lives, to reduce our impact on this world… Start small and know that every step you take will make a difference to your world and the world in which your children and grandchildren grow up.
Please Note: This information is for educational purposes only. Consultation with a licensed health care practitioner is recommended for anyone suffering from a health ailment. You are free to use the information in this newsletter or pass it on to others, but please keep it intact and credit it to Dr. Leat Kuzniar, ND. | <urn:uuid:5ed629e6-d1c1-4690-8962-d343d45c21cd> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://njnaturopath.com/a-healthy-environment-for-a-healthy-you/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.919085 | 1,170 | 2.734375 | 3 |
Long controversial, the doctrine of qualified immunity provides a civil liability shield for police officers and other executive branch officials. Scholars have questioned the doctrine, in part on the basis that it lacks support in the common law rules of official liability that were in place in the nineteenth century when Section 1983 became law. In a recently published article, Scott Keller defends the doctrine’s legality by arguing that the common law did indeed recognize forms of qualified immunity.
This Essay suggests that the authorities on which Keller relies comprise a body of administrative law, defining zones of official discretion, rather than a body of qualified immunity law. Many of the doctrines Keller identifies operate much the way Chief Justice Marshall’s account of judicial review operated in Marbury v. Madison. Chief Justice Marshall acknowledged that matters lawfully assigned to the discretion of the executive branch were beyond the scope of judicial review. But where an official’s lawful discretion ended and legal boundaries were transgressed, the common law was available (indeed obliged, according to Chief Justice Marshall) to supply a remedy. In much of what Keller points to, common law courts were deferring to executive action taken within the zones of their lawful discretion. But the common law did not confer a qualified immunity when executive officials transgressed those boundaries and violated protected rights.
Owen L. Coon Professor of Law, Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law. Thanks to Will Baude, Henry Monaghan, Jide Nzelibe, Alex Reinert, and Joanna Schwartz for thoughtful and comprehensive comments, suggestions, and spreadsheets. Thanks to HanByul Chang and the editors of Northwestern Law Review Online for close reads and excellent editorial suggestions.
Copyright 2021 by James E. Pfander.
Cite as: James E. Pfander, Zones of Discretion at Common Law, 116 Nw. U. L. Rev. Online 148 (2021), https://scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1314&context=nulr_online. | <urn:uuid:1a30043c-f2e7-401c-8cae-efaac8ad208f> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://northwesternlawreview.org/articles/zones-of-discretion-at-common-law/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.947811 | 420 | 2.640625 | 3 |
Shakespeare uses the concept of a ‘primrose path’ several times through his works – this article explores both the concept and meaning of ‘primrose path’.
Shakespeare’s audience would have been very familiar with the idea, drummed into them in most Sunday sermons, that if you want to go to heaven you will find the path a steep, narrow, thorny uphill climb, whereas the road to hell is, wide, pleasant and easy, and downhill all the way. The idea comes from the Gospel of Matthew 7:13. “Enter ye in at the strait gate: for wide is the gate, and broad is the way, that leadeth to destruction, and many there be which go in thereat.”
Shakespeare seems to have liked that idea very much as he uses it several times and creates the metaphor of a flowery road to bring it into focus. He does that three times in his plays and two of them become a primrose path or way. On the surface of it the primrose path is simply a flowery path or road. In the plays it’s a metaphor with a reference to the road to hell. In Hamlet, Ophelia is being lectured by her brother, Laertes, as to how he expects her to behave while he is away at university in Paris. Knowing the reputation for drinking and womanising among students in Paris, she warns him to be careful of preaching to her about virtuous behaviour. “Do not as some ungracious pastors do,” she says, “ show me the steep and stormy way to heaven whiles like a puffed and reckless libertine himself the primrose path of dalliance treads and recks not his own rede.”
Act 2, scene 3 in Macbeth is a short comic scene in which, just after the murder of Duncan, the porter at the gate of Macbeth’s castle is awakened by a loud knocking. As he gets up and puts his clothes on he talks to himself, pretending that it is a knocking on the gates of hell and that he is the gatekeeper. He mentions the lost souls who have arrived there and says that they have followed “the primrose way to the everlasting bonfire.”
In Act 4, scene 5 of All’s Well That Ends Well, Lavache, commenting on the excesses of the nobility, says,
“I am a woodland fellow, sir, that always loved a
great fire; and the master I speak of ever keeps a
good fire. But, sure, he is the prince of the
world; let his nobility remain in’s court. I am for
the house with the narrow gate, which I take to be
too little for pomp to enter: some that humble
themselves may; but the many will be too chill and
tender, and they’ll be for the flowery way that
leads to the broad gate and the great fire.”
Growing up in rural Warwickshire, Shakespeare was very familiar with the flora and fauna of his home countryside. He loved flowers, particularly violets, which he used countless times in the imagery of his plays and poems. The primrose is another favourite and here he immortalises the little flower by making it an intriguing and enduring image of the road to hell.
The ‘primrose path’ is such a beautiful image that, although simple, carries a profound message, and it has been pounced on by writers and filmmakers. There are several films with that title and numerous works of fiction, including by Bram Stoker and D.H. Lawrence. Musicians have also used the phrase, as both the name of bands and of albums.
As is always the case with Shakespeare, there is no better way imaginable of expressing something than he does in his plays and poems. | <urn:uuid:bb2bfec7-f29f-4453-8bea-91f5770d84c9> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://nosweatshakespeare.com/blog/what-is-the-primrose-path/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.978196 | 816 | 2.859375 | 3 |
There is no provision in the Constitution that allows for individual welfare.
To counter those rumors that the “general welfare” clause in the proposed Constitution would authorize any kind of welfare, James Madison, in Federalist Paper #41, explained its clear intent. He stated that it “is an absurdity” to claim that the General Welfare clause confounds or misleads, because this introductory clause is followed by enumeration of specific particulars that explain and qualify the meaning of phrase “general welfare”.
The U.S. Constitution was ratified under the assurance that it would never be interpreted to provide welfare to individuals.
If James Madison lied in order to get votes to ratify the Constitution, then the Constitution was fraudulently ratified, and the government does not have a right to exist.
In simple terms: the only valid laws are those made in pursuance of the Constitution (Article 6, second paragraph).
If you want to believe that welfare is legit, then find it in the Constitution. There is no government outside of the Constitution. | <urn:uuid:e2c79b85-8a22-4430-824f-54d79be266b4> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://notfooledbygovernment.com/lessons/government-welfare-is-an-absurdity/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.945883 | 217 | 2.765625 | 3 |
Blood pressure is a key indicator of your health. This is why it is checked at every visit with a healthcare professional. Understanding this measurement will help you make sense of both your blood pressure and your healthcare professional’s advice. This article series will explain what blood pressure is, how to correctly measure it, and what to do when it is high.
Blood Pressure Basics
Blood carries oxygen and nutrients to all the organs and tissues in your body. The heart functions as a pump, squeezing to push blood forward through your blood vessels and then relaxing to refill as blood returns. The flow of blood exerts pressure on the inner lining of blood vessels, and this pressure fluctuates as the heart squeezes and relaxes. Blood vessels are not like simple pipes — they are muscular, living tissues that respond to changes in blood pressure and adapt over time.
Checking blood pressure involves two measurements: one while the heart is squeezing, known as systolic pressure, and another while the heart is relaxing, known as diastolic pressure. Pressure is measured in units called millimeters of Mercury (mm Hg), which describes the height of mercury in a tube. We still use this unit of measure today, even though blood pressure is frequently checked using digital devices. A normal resting blood pressure is generally below 120 mm Hg systolic, and 80 mm Hg diastolic. This is commonly shortened to 120/80.
It is important to specify “resting” blood pressure because blood pressure fluctuates from minute to minute throughout the day depending on what you are doing. It is normally lower while asleep and higher while awake. Psychological or emotional stress, pain, and physical effort such as when we exercise, normally increase blood pressure. Relaxing, deep breathing, and meditating can cause blood pressure to temporarily decrease. Large, sudden drops in blood pressure cause people to briefly lose consciousness in certain situations.
Blood pressure is influenced by multiple factors, including how much the heart is pumping (known as cardiac output), as well as how tightly the muscular blood vessels are squeezed (known as vascular resistance). These two factors are primarily regulated by the nervous system and a variety of hormones. The total volume of blood contained in the system also influences blood pressure. The kidneys regulate this volume by controlling how much salt and water are urinated out or retained in the body. Treatments for high blood pressure work by impacting one or more of these factors; we will discuss these further in part 2.
What is Hypertension?
Hypertension, commonly known as “high blood pressure”, is the condition of having a resting blood pressure measurement that is persistently higher than normal. Note again the emphasis on resting blood pressure, and the long-term persistence of this elevation in blood pressure. This is different from having brief, temporary increases in blood pressure when you feel anxious or perform exercise that normalize afterwards.
Having a persistently high resting blood pressure over many years can cause progressive damage to the heart and blood vessels throughout the body. This increases the risk of experiencing a stroke, heart attack, heart failure, and many other health complications that can cause disability or death. Lewington 2002 High blood pressure affects half of all adults in the United States and is the leading contributor to premature death worldwide, accounting for 13% of deaths globally each year. WHO 2009 High blood pressure does not cause symptoms in most people, so a large proportion of these people do not know that they have it. The following table illustrates the different stages of high blood pressure.
|Category||Systolic Blood Pressure
|Diastolic Blood Pressure
|Normal||Less than 120||Less than 80|
|Elevated||120-129||Less than 80|
|High Blood Pressure, Stage 1||130-139||80-89|
|High Blood Pressure, Stage 2||Higher than 140||Higher than 90|
High blood pressure can have many different causes, which we will discuss in further detail in part 2. These include things like genetics, smoking and alcohol use, overweight and obesity, physical inactivity, medications, and diet quality. Other underlying medical conditions like sleep apnea and kidney disease can also contribute to high blood pressure.
High blood pressure does not always clearly present itself. Some people may have high blood pressure when measured in a healthcare setting like a clinic or hospital, but maintain normal blood pressure when going about their everyday life. This is called “white coat hypertension”. Even though people with this condition have normal resting blood pressures when outside of a clinic setting, they still have higher cardiovascular risk if left untreated compared to people who have normal resting blood pressure all the time. Cohen 2019 These findings are not well-understood, but we do know that people with white coat hypertension have much higher risk of developing sustained high blood pressure over the following decade. Mancia 2013 People with white coat hypertension benefit from blood-pressure lowering treatments. As a result, white coat hypertension is not something that should be ignored.
It is also possible for individuals to have normal blood pressure in a healthcare setting despite having high blood pressure when going about their everyday life. This is called “masked hypertension”. Trudel 2019 This is a particularly risky situation given how likely it is that the diagnosis is missed, leading to years of untreated high blood pressure. As a result, it is recommended to periodically check your blood pressure outside of the doctor’s office.
Physical activity produces a temporary increase in blood pressure, with more vigorous activities usually creating a higher increase. This is especially true with lifting weights. Holding your breath and exerting yourself against a resistance causes a large momentary spike in pressure. It does not increase your long-term resting blood pressure, which means lifting weights does not cause hypertension. In fact, the brief variations of blood pressure during lifting weights provide a useful stress to the cardiovascular system, and can lower resting blood pressure over time. This is an adaptation that is good for us, and means that even people with hypertension can benefit from strength training.
How do I check my blood pressure?
Since we are most concerned with resting blood pressure over the long term, diagnosing hypertension requires multiple blood pressure measurements over time. Most people have their blood pressure checked in a healthcare office setting. If this office measurement is high, additional measurements outside the office setting are recommended to confirm before starting treatment. USPSTF 2021 Checking blood pressure at home can be an excellent option, but requires careful measurement technique with the appropriate equipment.
The most accurate way to measure your blood pressure at home involves using an automatic blood pressure machine under the correct conditions. A listing of approved devices is available at ValidateBP.org.
First, the blood pressure cuff should be appropriately sized for your arms — a cuff that is too small will give falsely high readings, and a cuff that is too large will give falsely low numbers. We can correlate the circumference of the upper arm (for example, using a measuring tape around the biceps), to an appropriate cuff size, as shown in the following table. AHA Fortunately, most devices are now sold with variable-size cuffs that will fit most arms from the “small adult” to “large adult” range.
|Recommended Cuff Size
(width x length, in cm)
|22-26||8.7-10.2||12 x 22 (small adult)|
|27-34||10.6-13.4||16 x 30 (adult)|
|35-44||13.8-17.3||16 x 36 (large adult)|
|45-52||17.7-20.5||16 x 42 (extra large adult)|
When ready measure your blood pressure, follow these steps. For a graphical illustration, see here.
When evaluating people for high blood pressure using home measurements we recommend a minimum of three days of measurements, two in the morning and two in the evening on each day. Bello 2018 Even if the resting blood pressure measurements are high, this can be addressed gradually over time with a primary care doctor if no other symptoms are present. Emergency care is rarely needed, only in situations where symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, vision changes, confusion, or stroke-like symptoms are present, but otherwise can safely be managed in the primary care setting.
Conditions like white coat hypertension and masked hypertension require blood pressure monitoring outside of the doctor’s office. The preferred method is known as “24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring”, where a special blood pressure monitor is worn continuously for 24 hours and a series of measurements are taken automatically as you go about your day. However, properly calibrated home blood pressure machines can be used if 24-hour monitors are not available. Carefully measuring blood pressure as outlined above, twice in the morning and twice in the evening for at least 3 days, can provide useful information to help your doctor make recommendations.
Blood pressure is an important measurement that can provide valuable information about our overall health. Persistently high resting blood pressure over time increases the risk of heart attacks, strokes, and other complications that can cause disability or death. Fortunately, we have ways to measure blood pressure accurately, and we also have multiple things we can change in order to improve blood pressure. In Part 2 we’ll discuss how to treat high blood pressure by targeting these risk factors with lifestyle interventions, as well as the role of medications.
Thank you to Tom Campitelli for his assistance in editing this article.
Source link: https://www.barbellmedicine.com/blog/a-basic-guide-to-blood-pressure-part-i/ by Austin Baraki at www.barbellmedicine.com | <urn:uuid:07d910c5-af5a-4882-9c8e-a27452e3e795> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://nutritionspur.com/nutrition/a-basic-guide-to-blood-pressure-part-i/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.930118 | 1,999 | 4.15625 | 4 |
Cholesterol is a substance that plays many essential roles in the body. It is involved in things like the structure of our cells, brain and nerve function, and hormone production. It is so important that every cell in our body can make all the cholesterol it needs without relying on high amounts to be delivered from the blood. Babies born without the ability to make their own cholesterol have severe birth defects and can die as a result. We can also consume cholesterol in certain foods derived from animals. It is frequently described as a fatty or “waxy” substance. While different from body fat, cholesterol and body fat are in the same family of substances collectively known as “lipids”.
One important characteristic of lipids, including cholesterol, is that they do not dissolve in water. This is due to their chemical structure. Think of when you try to mix oil and water – they really don’t like one another and will separate on their own. Because humans are mostly made of water, cholesterol won’t dissolve in the blood and needs help getting around. We have special carriers called “lipoproteins” to pick up things like cholesterol and other lipid substances that don’t like water to help them move through the bloodstream.
In this article series we will cover the basics of cholesterol and why we should care about it, what to do when it is high, and address a variety of related myths and misconceptions.
Why do we care about cholesterol?
We have known for a very long time that cholesterol in the blood is related to the risk of heart attacks and strokes. But the relationship between cholesterol and heart disease is complicated. For example, there are people who suffer heart attacks who do not have extremely high cholesterol levels. There are other people who have low cholesterol levels who die prematurely. This has created a lot of confusion and arguments about how important cholesterol really is and how concerned with it we should be. The short answer is that it is important and healthcare professionals are rightly focused on it, despite what many claim. We will explain these apparent contradictions and clarify areas of confusion throughout this article series.
Lipoproteins come in a variety of sizes, but many of them are extremely tiny – smaller than 70 nanometers in size, or 0.00000007 meters. Particles this small can penetrate the walls of our blood vessels. When this happens, they deposit their cholesterol and this causes inflammation in the vessel wall. These collections of cholesterol and inflammation are called “plaques”. Plaques can grow over time and limit blood flow through our vessels. They can also break loose and cause sudden blood clots that stop blood flow to important organs, resulting in problems like heart attacks and strokes.
When blood cholesterol levels are high for a long time, the tiny lipoproteins have more opportunity to get into our blood vessel walls and cause problems. Heart disease risk is related to how high these levels are, but more importantly how long they are elevated over the course of your whole life. [Robinson 2018] This is why many heart attacks and strokes occur in older people who have had decades of exposure to milder elevations in blood cholesterol, but it is also possible for people with extremely high levels to have these problems earlier in life too. In fact, about 40% of these events happen in people younger than 65 years.
However, risk is not “all-or-nothing”. In the same way that not everyone who smokes throughout their life will develop lung cancer, some people with higher cholesterol levels may not experience a heart attack. Regardless, the risk is still present, depending on the total levels over the entire lifespan. The earlier in life we get blood cholesterol levels under control, the lower the risk of heart disease in older age. On the other hand, waiting until old age to start treating patients for high cholesterol has much smaller benefit, since a lot of the damage has already been done.
Blood cholesterol levels are not the only contributor to heart disease and strokes. Other things like smoking, high blood pressure, diabetes, and inflammation are very important too and will be covered in separate articles. But even when people do not have any inflammation, have normal blood pressure and blood sugar, and do not smoke, higher blood cholesterol still increases the risk of heart disease compared with lower cholesterol. [Yusuf 2004] [Friera 2017] Fortunately we have learned about lots of things that influence blood cholesterol levels and heart disease risk. This has led to many effective treatments and a massive decrease in heart disease deaths since the mid-20th Century.
How is high cholesterol diagnosed?
Most people who see a primary care doctor will have a cholesterol test done at some point. Recall that there are many things that do not dissolve in water that need to be carried around the blood on lipoproteins. A cholesterol test measures how much of these are in the blood.
- Total cholesterol (TC): this tells you total amount of cholesterol being carried on all lipoproteins.
- High-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (HDL-C): this tells you the amount of cholesterol being carried on a specific lipoprotein called “HDL”. This is often called “good” because having higher levels of HDL-C is associated with less heart disease. Unfortunately this is just a correlation – not a causal relationship, which is why research has shown that doing things to increase this level does not help.
- Triglycerides (TG): these are a form of fat that is carried on lipoproteins. Lipoproteins deliver triglycerides to our organs and tissues, where they are burned for energy. While an important contributor to heart disease risk on their own, we will spend less time on them in this article. Extremely high levels (greater than 500 mg/dL) require aggressive medical treatment to prevent other complications. Otherwise, follow the remaining discussion.
- Low-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (LDL-C): this tells you the amount of cholesterol being carried on a specific lipoprotein called “LDL”. This is often called “bad” because LDL is the main – although not the only – lipoprotein that gets into blood vessel walls, depositing cholesterol and setting off the inflammation that causes plaque to grow. There is some variation in the size of LDL particles, but all of them – large or small – typically range from 20-30 nanometers in size, much smaller than the 70-nanometer threshold to get into the walls of our blood vessels and cause trouble.
We can see that there are multiple different components of a standard cholesterol test. If someone is told they have “high cholesterol”, which numbers are we talking about? Let’s try to simplify.
By taking the total cholesterol (TC) and subtracting the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), we obtain a number known as non-HDL cholesterol (non-HDL-C). Subtracting the “good” stuff from the total amount leaves us with an estimate of all the “bad” stuff; that is, all cholesterol being carried on lipoproteins that can be harmful. For example, consider the following blood test results:
- Total Cholesterol: 200 mg/dL
- High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C): 50 mg/dL
- Triglycerides: 110 mg/dL
- Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C): 120 mg/dL
Simple math shows a non-HDL cholesterol of 200 – 50 = 150 mg/dL. This number gives us a better predictor of heart disease risk from a regular cholesterol test than LDL-cholesterol alone. For individuals who are generally healthy, a non-HDL cholesterol less than 130 mg/dL is a reasonable goal. There is further benefit at even lower levels, and there is no blood level that is “too low”. Recall that our cells can make all the cholesterol that they need for themselves, without relying on high levels to be delivered from the blood.
For individuals who are at high risk for heart disease (for example, those with certain genetic conditions or who have already had heart disease problems like a heart attack), the goal is to get this non-HDL cholesterol level as low as possible. A particularly risky situation is when the cholesterol panel shows a high LDL-C, a high triglyceride level, and low HDL-C. This is often seen in people with diabetes and other conditions that significantly increase the risk of heart disease.
An even better test involves measuring the actual number of lipoproteins rather than the amount of cholesterol they carry, as is done on the basic cholesterol test. This is called an Apolipoprotein B measurement, abbreviated as ApoB. It provides a superior measure of heart disease risk, but many doctors are still unfamiliar with it and may be reluctant to order it. [Sniderman 2021] Hopefully this changes in the future, since it is not a very complex or expensive blood test to perform and provides even better information.
There is a lot more to interpreting blood cholesterol tests but we will use this approach for now. There are many other tests that can be performed beyond the basic cholesterol panel and apolipoprotein B measurement, but most of them do not provide much added value for predicting risk beyond what has been discussed here.
In part 2 we will discuss what should be done when your blood cholesterol levels are high, before moving on to address myths and misconceptions.
Thank you to Tom Campitelli, DTFP, for his assistance in editing this article.
Source link: https://www.barbellmedicine.com/blog/a-basic-guide-to-cholesterol-part-i/ by Austin Baraki at www.barbellmedicine.com | <urn:uuid:59432f3a-015e-4454-b8a3-9aff94c64423> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://nutritionspur.com/nutrition/a-basic-guide-to-cholesterol-part-i/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.953695 | 2,041 | 3.515625 | 4 |
Professor Peter Monteath will present an online only lecture entitled The battle of 42nd Street, on Thursday 26 May 2022, as part of the Greek History and Culture Seminras, offered by the Greek Community of Melbourne.
May 27 marks the 81st anniversary of one of the bloodiest battles involving Australian forces in the Second World War. On the morning of that day, along a defensive line called 42’nd Street just south of Crete’s Suda Bay, several Australian and New Zealand infantry battalions staged an assault on an unsuspecting regiment of German mountain troops. This presentation examines the background to the Battle for Crete and the series of events which led to the bayonet charge on 42nd Street. It poses questions about what it is that motivates men to fight and to kill, and it considers the legacy of 42nd Street for Greece and Australia.
Peter Monteath was born in Brisbane and educated in Queensland and in Germany. He has taught previously at The University of Queensland, Griffith University, Deakin University, The University of Western Australia and The University of Adelaide. He has also been Adjunct Professor at The University of St. Louis Missouri and the Technical University of Berlin, where he was an Alexander von Humboldt Fellow. At Flinders he is currently the Vice President and Executive Dean of the College of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences. His book Battle on 42nd Street: War in Crete and the Anzacs’ Bloody Last Stand was published by NewSouth in 2019.
When: 26 May 2022, 7pm
Online Platforms: Facebook and Youtube
**This will be a streamed ONLINE SEMINAR ONLY** | <urn:uuid:aa95e792-a147-40f4-beb6-8c081753a689> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://old.greekcommunity.com.au/gocmv_public/index.php/en/latest-news/899-seminar-the-battle-of-42nd-street | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.954535 | 339 | 2.65625 | 3 |
Lemon bars are one of America’s favorite desserts. But where do they come from, and how have they evolved over time? In this article, we’ll explore the history of lemon bars and all the other key aspects that make them such a beloved treat.
The Origins of Lemon Bars: Tracing their Roots in America
The exact origins of lemon bars are somewhat shrouded in mystery, but we do know they became popular in America in the early 20th century. Some food historians believe they were inspired by the British lemon curd tart, while others suggest they may have been an evolution of the custard tarts that were popular in America in the late 1800s.
Regardless of their true origins, lemon bars have become a staple of the American dessert landscape over the past century and continue to be enjoyed by people of all ages and backgrounds.
Interestingly, lemon bars were not always called by that name. In fact, they were originally known as lemon squares. It wasn’t until the 1960s that the term “lemon bars” became more commonly used. This change in name may have been due to the increasing popularity of bar desserts in general during that time period.
How Did Lemon Bars Become a Popular Dessert in the US?
One of the reasons lemon bars became popular in America is their ease of preparation. Lemon bars are relatively simple to make compared to other desserts, and their bright, tangy flavor is universally loved. They are also versatile – they can be served as a dessert, snack, or even a breakfast treat!
As more Americans began experimenting with baking at home, lemon bars quickly became a go-to recipe for those seeking a flavorful, easy-to-make treat.
Another reason for the popularity of lemon bars is their refreshing taste, which makes them a perfect dessert for warm weather. The zesty lemon flavor and the buttery crust make for a delicious combination that is both sweet and tangy. Additionally, lemon bars are a great option for those who prefer lighter desserts, as they are not as heavy as cakes or pies.
A Brief Overview of the Evolution of Lemon Bars Over Time
Since their introduction into the American culinary landscape, lemon bars have gone through various changes and adaptations. Some recipes have introduced new ingredients such as coconut or orange, while others have played around with the balance of sugar and lemon juice to create different flavor profiles.
Over time, many regional variations of lemon bars have emerged as well. In the Southern United States, for instance, it’s common to find chess bars, which are similar to lemon bars but use a chess pie filling instead of lemon curd.
In addition to regional variations, lemon bars have also become a popular dessert for those with dietary restrictions. Many recipes now exist that cater to those who are gluten-free, dairy-free, or vegan. These adaptations often use alternative flours, such as almond or coconut flour, and substitutes for butter and eggs.
Furthermore, lemon bars have also made their way into the world of mixology. Bartenders have created lemon bar-inspired cocktails, using lemon juice, simple syrup, and vodka or gin. Some even rim the glass with graham cracker crumbs to mimic the crust of a traditional lemon bar.
The Role of Lemon Bars in American Culinary History
In addition to being a beloved dessert in their own right, lemon bars have played a significant role in American baking history. The popularity of lemon bars helped pave the way for other fruit-based desserts, such as key lime pie and cherry cobbler. They also helped popularize the notion of using citrus in baking, leading to other lemon-laced desserts such as lemon meringue pie and lemon pound cake.
Furthermore, lemon bars have been a staple in American households for decades. They were often served at family gatherings, potlucks, and church events. Lemon bars were also a popular choice for bake sales and fundraisers, as they were easy to make in large batches and always a crowd-pleaser.
Interestingly, lemon bars have also been featured in popular culture. In the 1980s, the television show “The Golden Girls” featured a recurring joke about character Rose’s terrible lemon bar recipe. In recent years, lemon bars have made appearances in popular food blogs and cooking shows, with chefs putting their own unique twists on the classic recipe.
The Ingredients That Make Lemon Bars Unique and Delicious
The hallmarks of any good lemon bar recipe are, of course, the ingredients. Most recipes call for a combination of lemon juice, sugar, flour, eggs, and butter. The ratios of these ingredients can vary depending on the recipe you’re following, but the end result is always the same – a rich, creamy lemon filling atop a buttery shortbread crust.
Some bakers also like to add additional ingredients, such as vanilla extract or lemon zest, to give their lemon bars a little extra flavor. But no matter what recipe you use, the key is to strike a balance between the sweet and sour elements of the dessert.
One important thing to keep in mind when making lemon bars is the quality of the ingredients. Using fresh, high-quality lemons will make a big difference in the flavor of the filling. Similarly, using real butter instead of margarine or shortening will give the shortbread crust a richer, more buttery flavor.
Another factor that can affect the taste and texture of your lemon bars is the baking time and temperature. Overbaking can cause the filling to become dry and rubbery, while underbaking can result in a runny, undercooked filling. It’s important to follow the recipe closely and keep a close eye on the bars as they bake to ensure that they come out perfectly every time.
The Science Behind the Perfect Lemon Bar: Tips and Tricks for Baking Success
Baking lemon bars can be tricky, and achieving the perfect balance of tartness and sweetness takes some practice. Here are a few tips to help you achieve lemon bar perfection:
- Make sure your ingredients are at room temperature before you start baking – especially the eggs and butter.
- Don’t overmix your batter – this can cause the filling to be too dense and tough.
- Use fresh lemon juice for the best possible flavor.
- Be patient and allow your lemon bars to cool completely before slicing and serving. This will ensure the filling sets properly and won’t leak out of the crust.
Another important factor to consider when making lemon bars is the crust. A good crust should be firm enough to hold the filling, but not too hard or crumbly. To achieve the perfect crust, make sure to use cold butter and work quickly when mixing the dough. You can also add a pinch of salt or a teaspoon of vanilla extract to enhance the flavor of the crust.
Regional Variations of Lemon Bars Across the United States
As mentioned earlier, there are many regional variations of lemon bars across the United States. In addition to chess bars in the South, you’ll find variations such as Pink Lemonade Bars on the West Coast and Lemon Blueberry Bars in the Midwest.
Each of these regional variations puts a unique spin on the classic lemon bar recipe, incorporating different flavors and ingredients to create a one-of-a-kind dessert that represents the local tastes and traditions.
For example, in the Northeast, you may come across Meyer Lemon Bars, which use the sweeter and less acidic Meyer lemon instead of the traditional Eureka or Lisbon lemons. In the Pacific Northwest, you might find Lavender Lemon Bars, which infuse the lemon filling with fragrant lavender flowers. And in the Southwest, you may encounter Spicy Lemon Bars, which add a kick of heat with the addition of chili powder or cayenne pepper.
The Health Benefits (and Risks) of Eating Lemon Bars
While lemon bars may be delicious, they’re not exactly health food. Most recipes call for copious amounts of sugar and butter, which can increase your risk of obesity, heart disease, and other health issues. However, there are also some potential health benefits associated with eating lemon bars in moderation.
For instance, lemon juice is rich in vitamin C, which supports immune health and can help protect against cancer. Lemon juice also contains antioxidants, which helps to reduce inflammation and protect against oxidative stress.
The Best Recipes for Making Homemade Lemon Bars from Scratch
Ready to make your own lemon bars from scratch? Here are a few of our favorite recipes:
- Classic Lemon Bars: This recipe from Martha Stewart is simple, elegant, and always a crowd pleaser.
- Lemon Bar Cheesecake: Take your lemon bars to the next level with this recipe from Sally’s Baking Addiction, which combines the tangy goodness of lemon bars with the richness of cheesecake.
- Coconut Lemon Bars: Add a tropical twist to your lemon bars with this recipe from Taste of Home, which incorporates shredded coconut into the crust and filling.
The Cultural Significance of Lemon Bars in American Society
Lemon bars have become more than just a dessert – they’ve also become a cultural touchstone in American society. They’re a staple at family gatherings and holiday parties, and many people have fond memories of making and eating lemon bars with loved ones.
From Thanksgiving to Christmas, lemon bars are a dessert that brings people together and helps to create lasting memories.
Exploring the Different Ways to Present and Serve Lemon Bars
While classic lemon bars are delicious, there are also many ways to jazz them up and create a visually stunning presentation. Try adding a dollop of whipped cream or a sprinkle of powdered sugar to your lemon bars for an extra touch of sweetness. Or, serve them alongside fresh berries or a scoop of vanilla ice cream for a truly indulgent dessert experience.
Tips from Professional Bakers on Creating the Perfect Lemon Bar
As anyone who has baked lemon bars can attest, achieving the perfect balance of sweet and sour can be a challenge. Fortunately, there are plenty of tips and tricks straight from the pros that can help you get the results you’re looking for.
Some of the best advice from professional bakers includes chilling the crust before adding the filling, using a combination of lemon juice and zest for optimal citrus flavor, and using a pastry cutter to get perfectly crumbly crust.
Common Mistakes to Avoid When Making Lemon Bars at Home
While there’s no one foolproof way to make lemon bars, there are definitely some common mistakes that can sabotage your efforts. Some of the biggest mistakes to avoid include overmixing the batter, not letting the crust cool before adding the filling, and not greasing the pan properly (which can make it difficult to remove the bars cleanly).
What Does the Future Hold for the Iconic Dessert? Predictions and Trends
As we look ahead to the future, it’s clear that lemon bars will continue to be a staple of American cuisine for years to come. However, there are some trends and predictions that may shape the way we think about and consume lemon bars moving forward.
For instance, many health-conscious consumers are looking for ways to make their favorite desserts healthier. Expect to see more recipes that incorporate alternative sweeteners such as honey or maple syrup, or that use whole grain flours to boost the nutritional content of the crust.
Additionally, as more people experiment with baking at home, we may see a renewed interest in regional variations and lesser-known recipes for lemon bars. Who knows – maybe the next big thing in lemon bars is just waiting to be discovered! | <urn:uuid:e5a9f657-9e8e-457d-ad3d-846e39884313> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://oldrecipeblog.com/vintage-recipes/what-is-the-history-of-lemon-bars-from-the-united-states/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.942881 | 2,388 | 2.734375 | 3 |
Does your child cry when you leave the house without him? Does he feel sad and tear up when you drop him off at daycare or preschool in the morning? Don't worry; this doesn't mean your child dislikes his daycare or is spoiled. Your child is exhibiting a normal condition common among infants and toddlers: separation anxiety. Learn more in this article about this condition, its causes, symptoms, and how to handle it.
Separation anxiety is the child's fear of being apart from their parents. Symptoms manifest as the child crying and clinging to their parents when being dropped off at nursery, preschool, or school or when parents leave the house, leaving them with relatives or a babysitter. This is a natural part of the child's emotional and social development. While it might be distressing for parents to see their child cry, it's generally nothing to be concerned about. This anxiety resembles stranger anxiety; it's normal for a child to cry around unfamiliar people.
This anxiety may start as early as six or seven months and usually peaks around 14 to 18 months. It gradually fades during early childhood. Symptoms may show in infants as young as four or five months, but most kids experience it around nine months. Many infants overcome separation anxiety during their first year, but symptoms may intensify around 15 to 18 months. It's worth noting that a child's attachment to their parents can be more intense when they are hungry, tired, or unwell, emotions they often experience! In older children, symptoms may manifest as prolonged crying fits or tantrums, causing significant stress for the parents.
Before you return to work from maternity leave, don't suddenly leave your child at daycare or with a nanny. Do it gradually; leave him or her for an hour the first time, then slowly extend the duration so your child can get used to your absence and the separation isn't abrupt and harsh.
You might think your child is too young to understand words, but children understand your tone of voice, realizing you're offering reassurance. Before you leave, let your child know when you'll be back. Always say goodbye and let him or her see you go; surprising him with your absence feels like a harsh betrayal to a child.
Whether you're leaving your child at daycare, with a babysitter, or a family member, make sure they're engaged in something fun before you go. This will significantly ease the impact of separation.
Don't prolong the farewell. Give your child a hug and a kiss, and tell them you love them. Then, leave without lingering, as this could make your child even more attached.
Even if it's hard to say goodbye, don't let your child see your fear or anxiety, as this will transmit to them. Your child always looks to you for reassurance.
Always take your child to daycare or leave for work at the same time, and maintain the same farewell routine. This helps reduce stress and separation anxiety.
Make specific and clear promises that your child can understand. Tell them you'll be back after their nap or playtime, and do your best to keep that promise. This builds their trust in you.
It's rare for separation anxiety to continue at the same intensity and pace in children. Generally, it tends to decline as they approach preschool age. However, if you've tried these tips and your child still struggles with crying and attachment when you leave, don't hesitate to seek support from the daycare or preschool staff. Additionally, consider consulting your pediatrician to get sound medical advice. | <urn:uuid:64299c0f-a154-4e7c-a5db-b639979384e4> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://omooma.com/en/p/all-you-need-about-separation-anxiety/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.970658 | 722 | 2.828125 | 3 |
BC Historical Newspapers
The Ladysmith Daily Ledger
The Ladysmith Daily Ledger was published in Ladysmith, in the Cowichan Valley region of Vancouver Island, and ran from July 1903 to December 1906. Ladysmith developed as a residential area for the employees of a large coal mine, and, in 1904, it had a population of approximately 4000. The Ledger was published by the Ladysmith Publishing Company, which also issued the paper under two variant titles: the Daily Ledger (April to July, 1905) and the Ladysmith Ledger (September to December, 1906).
Item Citations and Data
Images provided for research and reference use only. Permission to publish, copy, or otherwise use these images must be obtained from the Digitization Centre: http://digitize.library.ubc.ca/ | <urn:uuid:6aaf77dc-44c0-4ebb-9bf1-6fe68d39628d> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://open.library.ubc.ca/collections/bcnewspapers/xdailyledg/items/1.0178583 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.958293 | 175 | 2.640625 | 3 |
For the first time in the world, but also in our country, the World Clean Hands Day was marked on October 15, 2008. The main goal of this day is to develop a culture of proper hand washing - both adults and children.
Every year, 3.5 million children do not experience their first birthday due to diarrhea and pneumonia, and all due to lack of hand hygiene - soap.
Hand washing is a simple, but saving, measure and should be turned into everyday automatic and practical behavior of every person. That is why the students of 7th grade, together with the chemistry teacher Slavko Benčik, researched how to make homemade soap, which was also used by our grandmothers. On that topic, they designed and arranged a board so that other students of our school could get acquainted with the technique of making homemade soap. Together with the biology teacher, Ljiljana Jurčak, they renewed and determined the knowledge about proper and thorough hand washing with soap and warm water. | <urn:uuid:68624007-c7f6-4620-bf76-b33f31638bf1> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://osmgubec.edu.rs/en/world-clean-hands-day/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.971685 | 203 | 3.34375 | 3 |
A large map in Ottoman language represents the Eastern Hemisphere in the time around 1910. Marked are the major sea and train routes.
The highest and most famous mountains of Asia, Africa and Europe, being Himalaya. Kilimanjaro, Mont Blanc and Vesuvius, are showcased in the lower right corner. They are compared to the elevation of the East European Plain (here marked as Russian Plain).
The map was drafted by an Ottoman cartographer Mehmed Abdulkadir Bey, who was known for his large scale maps, mostly printed in colour and published by Mektep Haritaları Külliyatından (Printing office of documentary maps) for educational purposes. | <urn:uuid:134d773a-b079-4081-9410-63d8804bc4b5> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://pahor.de/product/ottoman-cartography-eastern-hemisphere/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.96149 | 144 | 3.171875 | 3 |
Quantum measurement carries information even when the measurement outcome is unread
(Phys.org) —Some tasks that are impossible in classical systems can be realized in quantum systems. This fact is exemplified by a new protocol that highlights an important difference between classical and quantum measurements. In classical mechanics, performing a measurement without reading the measurement outcome does not carry any information and is therefore equivalent to not performing the measurement at all. But in the new protocol, a quantum measurement that is performed but not read can carry information because the information can be encoded in the choice of the type of measurement that was performed.
The physicists, Amir Kalev at the University of New Mexico in Albuquerque, along with Ady Mann and Michael Revzen at the Technion—Israel Institute of Technology in Haifa, Israel, have published their paper on the unique features of quantum measurements in a recent issue of Physical Review Letters.
When a measurement is performed but not read, it is called "nonselective." The difference between classical nonselective measurements and quantum nonselective measurements is that the latter cause an inevitable disturbance to the measured system. By tracking this disturbance, the physicists here have shown that it can be used to carry and communicate information.
The proposed protocol involves two parties, Alice and Bob. First, Alice prepares two entangled qudits (D-dimensional quantum systems) and sends one to Bob. Bob performs a measurement on his qudit using an instrument with a certain alignment of his choice, does not read the outcome, and then sends the qudit back to Alice. Finally, Alice measures the resulting two-qudit state, which allows her to deduce Bob's choice of measurement. At no point do Alice or Bob read the outcome of Bob's measurement, but the two parties can still use the measurement to communicate information.
The protocol relies on the uniquely quantum features of the system, since performing nonselective measurements on classical systems cannot carry information.
"In this protocol, we use a non-selective measurement in different bases (different alignments of the measurement apparatus, if you like) to transmit information," Kalev told Phys.org. "To the best of our knowledge, this protocol is the first protocol which uses the disturbance on the system caused by the measurement in different bases, regardless of the actual outcome (!), for a communication task. It seems that, in classical mechanics, one cannot use a similar protocol for communication since there is no notion of 'different' or 'complementary' bases, and moreover a non-selective measurement on a classical system is equivalent to not making a measurement at all."
As the physicists explain, the protocol suggests a novel way to view quantum measurement as consisting of two stages. The first stage involves performing the measurement, while the second stage involves reading the outcome. In the first stage, the state of the system is mixed (i.e., undetermined), but a particular set of variables associated with the choice of the measurement do have a determined value. In the second stage, when the measurement is read, the state of the system is determined. Classical measurement can be thought of as consisting only of the second stage; the first stage is a uniquely quantum component.
The proposal that nonselective quantum measurements carry information is not only of fundamental interest, but could potentially have applications for information tasks. As the scientists explain, Bob's sending of his qudit to Alice can be viewed as a form of dense coding. Although the protocol in its present form cannot be used for secure communication, the physicists are now investigating whether variations of the protocol might be useful for cryptography applications.
More information: Amir Kalev, et al. "Choice of Measurement as the Signal." PRL 110, 260502 (2013). DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.260502
Journal information: Physical Review Letters | <urn:uuid:3442940f-fafc-4477-a5c1-f0c5886ea7cc> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://phys.org/news/2013-08-quantum-outcome-unread.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.933612 | 788 | 2.765625 | 3 |
I am having trouble with a physics problem. The problem is as follows:
A car is traveling at 54.0 mi/h on a horizontal highway.
A) If the coefficient of static friction between road and tires on a rainy day is 0.103, what is the minimum distance in which the car will stop?
B) What is the stopping distance when the surface is dry and µs = 0.595?
This is what I have so far for A)
fs = µs * Fn Fn = Mg fs = Ma Ma = µs * Mg a = µs * g V = 54 - a * t 0 = 54 - a * t t = 53.497 seconds dist = 54*t - (a/2)*t^2 = 1444.42243 miles = 2324572.57 meters
This is not the correct answer. Any help would me much appreciated. | <urn:uuid:5b67eb22-1de7-400f-ace6-196b90fe3ca2> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/21249/static-friction-problem-without-mass | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.943317 | 188 | 2.53125 | 3 |
A data warehouse is a special type of database designed for analytics instead of transactions.
There are two types of database use cases: transactional and analytical
Transactional databases like PostgreSQL are built for adding, updating, and removing data, but analytical DBs are for complex queries and joins
Data gets moved from transactional to analytical databases through a process called ETL
Data warehouses are one of the fastest growing segments in cloud, and power most of what’s happening in modern data science. So read this!
To get the most out of this post, you’ll need to understand what a database is, how schemas and relations work, and how software runs in the cloud.
The core of whatever app you’re reading this in is a production database: it stores user information and other backend stuff that populates whatever you see on the screen (unless you printed this out, loser). That database is all about transactions:
Every time a new user signs up a new row gets added
If you change your password, your row gets updated
If you shut down your account, your row gets deleted (sometimes)
These kinds of processes and how they interact with a database are called OLTP, or online transactional processes. Scary acronyms!
Because a lot of these transactions can be happening at once (apps with many users or page loads), popular databases like MySQL are built with that in mind. They usually have special features that make sure these transactions don’t get messed up, and optimize for that kind of use case. It’s all about transaction after transaction, boom boom boom, making sure your app keeps working without getting messed up.
You can think of OLTP operations as text messages. It’s a great medium for short, clear directives. Need a quick favor. What’s Jason’s number? Are you going to the party tonight? Texts are about speed and efficiency.
There’s a whole other use case for databases though: analytics. If you have big questions you want to ask of your data, like how many users you have, how many orders get cancelled each month, or how much money you made last year, you use the database in a very different way. Analytical queries typically require looking at a lot more data, take a much longer time to run, and join a bunch of different sources together. The process is usually called OLAP, or online analytical processing.
These kinds of analytical transactions are like email: it’s a much better format for longer form, more involved communication than texts are. Emails take longer to send, but they’re more organized and professional for when you need to send multiple paragraphs and embedded media.
Because there’s such a big difference between transactional and analytical use cases, they require different tools; just like a bike and a car are both great, but for very different situations. A data warehouse is just a group of databases built for analytics instead of transactions:
Warehouses bring together data from lots of sources into one place
Apps rarely interact directly with warehouses: they’re mostly used by analysts and data scientists
Data warehouses usually have a lot more data in them than transactional DBs
The data that companies put in their warehouses is usually a combination and/or transformation of data that they have in other systems. The cool thing about the warehouse is that it brings those all together. Example time!
Let’s say I sell sneakers on an e-commerce site, where users can create and log in to accounts. I have a production, transactional database with information about my users, as well as some Stripe data about payments and orders. I want to build a dashboard that shows how much money I make monthly from users in South America. How do I do that? I’ll:
Clean up my user data to make sure that mistakes like “Soth America” get interpreted correctly (transform)
Pull together my user data and my Stripe data so I can filter for users in South America (combine)
Run a query every day that calculates monthly revenue, and stores it in a table in my warehouse
The end result is a new data set that has the information I need, stored in a data warehouse. This process that we just went through is called ETL – an acronym for extract, transform, load – and it’s how we take data out of systems, do stuff with it, and then put it into the warehouse. Sometimes the order gets reversed (ELT), but that’s for another time.
One thing that always tripped me up about ETL and Warehouses: sometimes, the process and destination are really simple. ETL doesn’t need to mean some complex pipeline: even just taking data to calculate and store monthly averages counts too.
Because data warehouses are used so differently than transactional DBs, they usually run on different infrastructure. Data warehousing providers need to deal with storing petabytes of data and running special kinds of queries, as well as bundling ETL related features. A popular one is Snowflake, who was in the news recently for being valued at $12B, or the average price of a house in Palo Alto.
“You really shouldn’t query the production database like that, use the warehouse”
If you’re writing a big query with a lot of joins, don’t bog down the transactional database: use the tables we put in the data warehouse.
“We can create an ETL pipeline to get that data ready for you”
You can’t get the data you need from our production systems, but we can build a job that gets it all together in the warehouse for you.
“We’re running out of space in our RDS instance, we should probably move over to Redshift”
Instead of storing our warehouse data in a system built for transactions, we should move it over to a purpose built warehouse solution like AWS Redshift.
As analytics and data science are having their moment, the infrastructure powering data warehousing is booming: popular provider Snowflake is now worth $12B
Mature companies can have hundreds or thousands of ETL jobs running daily. Open source software like Apache Airflow helps manage that
As data storage has gotten cheaper, dev teams have started loading data into the warehouse and then transforming it, which is called ELT | <urn:uuid:33aa0028-3a3a-462d-8f5a-2612bf1c17d0> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://posts.technically.dev/archive/whats-a-data-warehouse | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.932718 | 1,334 | 2.671875 | 3 |
Expansion Microscopy, developed by Harvard and MIT researchers, enlarges sample sizes by 100 fold. Consequently, you can see cell tissues with greater clarity and precision.
How Expansion Microscopy Works
Conventional Electron microscopy limits the ability to clearly image in great detail biological tissue that is smaller than a lights wavelength.
On the other hand, this new technology successfully enlarges tissue samples within a special, carefully produced polymer. Adding water to the slide enlarges the tissue sample for high resolution easy viewing.
Consequently, cell lesions for signs of cancer and other types of diseases expand at resolutions not possible with electron microscopy.
Watch this amazing video | <urn:uuid:0ca0661c-08d0-4e2d-b4db-4aa04e8cb56e> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://putnamridge.com/expansion-microscopy-enlarges-samples-providing-clearer-images/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.905823 | 136 | 3.671875 | 4 |
Related questions with answers
The goal is to determine the starting principal if the accumulated balance is for years with an annual percentage rate of compounded annually.
To determine the starting principal, apply this formula:
where is the starting principal, is the accumulated balance, is the annual percentage rate (as a decimal), is the number of compounding periods per year, and is the number of years.
Recommended textbook solutions
More related questions | <urn:uuid:aee55e89-9298-4697-9d6b-d6f853822f9c> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://quizlet.com/explanations/questions/how-much-must-you-deposit-today-into-the-following-accounts-in-order-to-have-a-120000-college-fund-in-15-years-suppose-that-no-additional-de-6ff3b292-f8fdab85-351a-4d0b-864c-6f31032626c7 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.920724 | 87 | 2.59375 | 3 |
GEO-HAZARD, GROUNDWATER ASSESSMENT AND RESPONSIBLE MINING
GEO-HAZARD, GROUNDWATER ASSESSMENT AND RESPONSIBLE MINING
SECRETARY CIMATU’S MAIN PRIORITY IS TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF OUR ENVIRONMENT, PARTICULARLY OUR AIR, WATER AND ADDRESS SOLID WASTE PROBLEMS. THUS, THE DENR WILL BE IMPLEMENTING ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION PROGRAMS AND PROJECTS.
FOR GEO-HAZARD, GROUNDWATER ASSESSMENT AND RESPONSIBLE MINING, OUR PRIORITY ACTIVITIES ARE THE FOLLOWING: (1)REHABILITATION OF ABANDONED MINES; AND 2) ASSESSMENT OF COASTAL GEO-HAZARDS AND GROUND WATER RESOURCES.
This program intends to capacitate communities to their adaptation to geologic hazards, as well as provide them critical data on groundwater resources. The program has two (2) components, namely:
1. Geohazard Assessment
The National Geohazard Assessment Program was implemented to generate information on susceptibility of areas to geologic hazards. The assessment is focused on rain-induced landslides, floods, flashfloods, ground subsidence or sinking, and other forms of slope instabilities that are not directly induced by earthquakes or volcanic activities. A 1:50,000 scale geohazards assessment program was completed in 2010 while the detailed geohazard assessment in the 1:10,000 scale was completed in 2014. Thus, the assessment of the 1,634 cities/municipalities of the entire country was already completed.
Complementation activities are carried out with other national government agencies to address other hazards that are also of critical importance in terms of impact. For Y2015 and onwards, the Program will concentrate on the massive campaign to disseminate the digitized geohazards map sheets (at 1:10,000 scale) to 42,029 (NSO 2014) barangays nationwide complemented with massive information and awareness campaigns on geohazards mitigation and reduction. Hand in hand with the intensified IEC effort, updating and re-assessment of the geohazard mapping would be undertaken over municipalities/cities affected by recent or resurgent natural events. This will be particularly important over regions located alongthe Eastern Seaboard of the country which are traditionally prone to these events. To further optimize the usefulness of the geohazards maps, Risk analysis and Vulnerability assessment would be undertaken over highly critical and priority areas of the country. Starting with 35 municipalities/cities in Y2015, the program would cover 200 nationwide in 2016 to provide the necessary technical inputs to LGUs for the updating and modification of the Comprehensive Land Use Plans (CLUPs), project development and disaster preparedness, management and mitigation programs. These shall integrate climate change impact and establishment of community-based early warning systems.
The sub-surface assessment was also initiated in 2015 to determine subsidence hazards and sinkhole in karst areas. It was done in response to the 7.2 intensity earthquake that hit Bohol in 2013. Fifteen (15) cities/municipalities in the provinces of Bohol, Cebu, Iloilo, Benguet and Davao del Norte have been prioritized in 2015. Another 15 cities/municipalities is targeted annually starting 2016 and beyond.
Coastal geohazard assessment on areas which are highly and critically prone to erosion and accretion of the country starts Y2015 with 166 coastal cities/municipalities. Universe of 844 coastal cities/municipalities are expected to be completed by Y2019. Inputs on these are relevant on the concerns relating to shoreline shift and relative sea level changes due to impact of climate change.
2. Groundwater Resource Assessment
The National Groundwater Resources and Vulnerability Assessment is conducted to determine the availability of groundwater resources and the threats to contamination and depletion.
It covers two main aspects: the resource assessment component, and the vulnerability component. Areas that are periodically affected by water shortages and those whose water supplies that are under constant threat of depletion and water quality deterioration shall be prioritized. It shall cover a regional assessment (per province for Y2016-2019) and a local assessment (per municipality levels for Y2019 onwards). In terms of the regional scale, the program shall generate a 1:250,000 scale hydrogeologic and groundwater availability maps and update the existing ones. Field surveys and mapping on the city/municipal scale shall be carried out on a 1:50,000 scale or better depending on the needs of particular sites or areas. This will integrate climate change impacts in some critical areas that will be identified during the assessment such as changes in sea level which might affect groundwater resources in the coastal areas and effect of the reduction in the recharge of the groundwater due to drought. Particular emphasis will also be placed on characterizing the vulnerability of the groundwater resource to human impact on the environment such as over-extraction, pollution from industries and deterioration of viable aquifers or reservoirs due to land degradation and surface development.
This ensures the implementation of responsible mining practices in the minerals industry. It involves the monitoring of mining permits/contracts to determine their compliance with the Safety and Health, Environment and Social (SHES) provisions of the Mining Act of 1995, as well as the approved exploration/development/construction/operating work programs. The audit of the SHES and work program monitoring system is also a component of this strategy. To further ensure the compliance of mining permits/contracts, the operationalization of Multipartite Monitoring Teams is also undertaken. Illegal mining activities are addressed thru the issuance of cease and desist orders, and the consequent filing of charges in the Provincial/City Prosecutor’s Office. Lastly, complaints/cases/conflicts are likewise addressed.
To know more about GEO-HAZARD, GROUNDWATER ASSESSMENT AND RESPONSIBLE MINING program, click here
- Category: Priority Programs | <urn:uuid:f32a6e84-46f9-4dbb-8395-f97239d7b103> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://r1.denr.gov.ph/index.php/priority-programs | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.916169 | 1,274 | 2.609375 | 3 |
The Congo region has long conjured up thoughts of pygmies, mythical beasts, dreadful plagues, and cannibals. It is a land made famous by explorers of the nineteenth century as well as its wildlife.
The Congo rainforest is the second largest contiguous block of rainforest in the world after the Amazon. Six nations -- Cameroon, the Central African Republic, the Republic of Congo, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea and Gabon -- share the 1.5 million square mile Congo basin. Over 10,000 animal species are known to live in the area.
The Congo is one of the world's most threatened ecosystems. Commercial logging, clearing for subsistence agriculture, and widespread civil strife has devastated forests, displaced forest dwellers, and resulted in the expansion of the "bushmeat" trade.
|Country||Primary forest extent|
|Primary forest loss|
|Tree cover extent|
|Tree cover change|
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- Can I hide ads? Yes, we have an advertising-free version of Mongabay-Kids. | <urn:uuid:153cd379-8832-4054-9125-f48113e350ed> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://rainforests.mongabay.com/kids/elementary/congo.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.82587 | 411 | 3.109375 | 3 |
Switch - Take a hub and give it a brain and you've got yourself a switch. A switch performs essentially the same function as a hub, but it does it in a more efficient fashion. Like the hub, a switch can also have as few as four ports or as many as forty-eight, with one port reserved for each computer (or another networking device). The switch "learns" and remembers which computers are on which of its ports. When the switch receives data from one computer which is meant for a second computer, it sends the data out ONLY on the port attached to that second computer. All the other ports remain quiet.
This means that many simultaneous "conversations" can take place without interfering with one another. So, in this manner, a switch allows for more efficient communication. | <urn:uuid:fb7d229a-8172-431a-b960-78e15c61fe39> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://redshift-tech.net/content/networking/netprimer2.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.972105 | 163 | 3.703125 | 4 |
What Is Spinal Stenosis?
Spinal stenosis is a narrowing within the vertebrae of the spinal column that results in too much pressure on the spinal cord (central stenosis) or nerves (lateral stenosis). Spinal stenosis may occur in the neck or in the low back.
The most common causes of spinal stenosis are related to the aging process in the spine:
Osteoarthritis is a deterioration of the cartilage between joints. In response to this damage, the body often forms additional bone (called “bone spurs”) to try to support the area. These bone spurs might cause pressure on the nerves as they exit the spinal canal.
Normal aging and wear and tear can result in a flattening of the disks that provide space between each set of vertebrae. This narrowed space allows less room for the nerve to exit from the spinal cord, and sometimes pieces of disk material cause pressure on the nerves.
Spinal injuries, diseases of the bone (such as Paget disease), spinal tumors, and thickening of certain spinal ligaments also may lead to spinal stenosis.
In most cases, symptoms of spinal stenosis can be effectively managed with physical therapy and other conservative treatments. Only the most severe cases of spinal stenosis need surgery or more aggressive treatments.
How can Physical Therapy Help?
Your physical therapist’s overall purpose is to help you continue to participate in your daily activities and life roles. The therapist will design a treatment program based on both the findings of the evaluation and your personal goals. The treatment program likely will be a combination of exercises.
Relieve Pain and Increase Movement
Your therapist will design:
- Special exercises to take pressure off the nerves to relieve pain
- Stretching and flexibility exercises to improve mobility in the joints and muscles of your spine and your extremities—improving motion in a joint is often the key to pain relief
- Strengthening exercises—strong trunk muscles provide support for your spinal joints, and strong arm and leg muscles help take some of the workload off your spinal joints
- Aerobic exercise to increase tolerance for activities such as walking that might have been affected by the spinal stenosis
This might sound like a lot of exercise, but don’t worry: research shows that the more exercise you can handle, the quicker you’ll get rid of your pain and other symptoms.
Your physical therapist also might decide to use a combination of treatments:
- Manual therapy to improve the mobility of stiff joints that may be contributing to your symptoms
- A special harness-type device attached to a treadmill that helps to reduce pressure on the spinal nerves during walking
- Posture education to help you learn to relieve pressure on the nerves by making simple changes in how you stand, walk, and sit
- Special pain treatments, such as ice or electrical stimulation, for pain that is severe and not relieved by exercise or manual therapy
- Research shows that in all but the most extreme cases (usually involving muscle weakness or high levels of pain), conservative care, such as physical therapy, has better results than surgery.
Signs and Symptoms
Spinal stenosis may result in such symptoms as:
- Pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness in your arms and shoulders, legs, or trunk
- Occasionally, problems with bowel or bladder function
If you have spinal stenosis in the neck, you may have weakness, numbess, and pain in the arms and often in the legs, depending on which nerves are affected. You might not have any pain in the neck itself.
If you have spinal stenosis in the low back (lumbar spinal stenosis), you might have pain, numbness, and weakness in the low back and legs, but not in the arms. Your symptoms might get worse with walking and improve with sitting.
Can this Injury or Condition be Prevented?
- Regular exercise strengthens the muscles that support your back, keeps the spinal joints flexible, and helps maintain a healthy body weight. All of these factors help reduce the wear and tear on the spine.
- Using supportive chairs and mattresses and avoiding activities that can lead to injury—such as heavy lifting—can help protect your back.
Your physical therapist can help you develop a fitness program that takes into account your spinal stenosis. There are some exercises that are better than others for people with spinal stenosis, and your therapist can educate you about what you should avoid. For instance, because walking is usually more painful than sitting, bicycling may be a better way for you to get regular physical activity. Trunk strengthening exercises often need to be modified to avoid movements such as backward bending that might cause extra pressure on the nerves. | <urn:uuid:6e999d99-0808-4caf-92b2-112e64340b51> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://requestpt.com/spinal-stenosis/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.942583 | 971 | 3.1875 | 3 |
Climate change and anthropogenic pressure are affecting natural environments world over. In this scenario how vulnerable are forests? If we keep growing at the rate we are growing now, what impact will it have on our forests in the years to come? Scientists from Indian Institute of Science and Wildlife Institute of India explore these far reaching questions in an Indian context. Their findings show that many forests are under considerable stress. The researchers say a perception change can help protect our forest. | <urn:uuid:c65b28dc-bf9a-48be-9f71-f4989021253d> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://researchmatters.in/index.php/tags/forest-vulnerability | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.922482 | 91 | 2.8125 | 3 |
On the Road to a Green Future: Making the Electric Vehicle Life Cycle Better
In the previous blog, we discussed how the energy life cycle needs to be enhanced for sustainable development. In this article, we look into another key aspect of sustainability:, creating environment-friendly mobility systems that do not rely on fossil fuels for their energy. Primary among such mobility systems are electric vehiclesbacked by a renewables-based power supply system.
As nations shift their focus to environmental well-being, mitigating climate-change, and achieving carbon neutrality, electric vehicle (EV) use is expected to grow substantially.
In India, too, electric vehiclesare becoming mainstream and can be found in various sectors such as in e-commerce logistics, fleet operations, and the railroad industry. In 2021, there were over 3 lakh registered EVs in India.
The Indian government is incentivizing further EV manufacturing and adoption through different policies such as FAME (Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of hybrid and Electric vehicles) and Production Linked Incentives Schemes (PLI). Many big automobile manufacturing companies have adapted their existing manufacturing platforms to also include EV’s, and multiple start-ups have entered the EV space, offering various products and services such as EV fleets, charging stations, battery swapping, and component manufacturing. These companies are also working to localise their supply chains and reduce their dependence on imports,to keep the nation’s trade deficit in check.
However, aswe hurtle towards the adoption of EVs, we must pause to ask:EVs may be greener than conventional fossil-fuelled vehicles, but is there scope to make EVsmore sustainable?
To answer this question, what is needed is a comprehensive life cycle analysis of the EV industry. This involves evaluating the environmental impacts of EVsacross the value chain,and considering ways of making each stage of this value chains more sustainable.
A wide pool of raw materials, including iron (steel), aluminum, nickel, copper, cobalt, and lithium, are used to manufacture EVs. The extraction of these can be environmentally detrimental and resource intensive. Further, asmany of these are scarce resources and rare earth elements, their economically viable natural reserves couldbe exhausted within as short a span of time as a decade, given the current trend of rising demand forEV’s.
Thus, several measures will be key to reducing the environmental footprint here: i).material recycling to reduce mining and extraction; ii) research to replace these materials with more widely available materials;iii).implementation of more efficient mining practices; and iv) location of manufacturing units closer to the raw material or to recycling sites to avoid pollution from transportation.
Among these measures, research for more widely available materials has seen some success and yielded several promising alternatives, such as graphene for energy storage and alternate battery chemistries, which reduce the dependence of the EV industry on rare earth elements.
In this stage, raw materials are put together to produce the consumer-ready EV.As all manufacturing technologiesfor EVsare still new, the key focus area for researchers and innovators at this stage has beenthe vehicle itself, including aspects such as vehicle design and improved powertrain technology.
Start-ups like Lightyear have taken on the task of enhancing vehicle design and aspects of vehicle performance, such reducing air drag, bettering powertrain, and making energy systems more efficient. Companies like Tesla and Chara motors are building synchronous reluctance motor technologies, which are free of rare-earth metal-based permanent magnets and are, thus, a more sustainable alternative to the currently used traction motors.
Moreover, carbon footprint is a key challenge here as well; for instance, the battery-manufacturing process in EVs generates more carbon than that in conventional vehicles,and the energy grid powering EV manufacturing may not be based on renewables.
This is augmented by the fact that government policies and regulations can also have a large impact on sustainable practices in the sector overall. For example, one estimate finds that, due to differences in regulations, EVbattery manufacturing in China can have 60% to 85% higher carbon dioxide emissions than manufacturing in the European Union or the United States. India’s budding policies in this sector must take cues from these findings.
Sales and Services
Unlike the process of extracting raw materials and the manufacturing stage, EV use, the third stage in the EV life cycle,appears to be highly environment-friendly because EVsdo not emit any greenhouse gases(GHGs).But EVscan become less sustainable indirectly when they depend on charging stations powered by fossil-fuel-based electricity. For EVs to successfully reduce overall GHG emissions, power supply systems will have to make a parallel transition to renewable energy-based electricity generation. This provides another area of focus for innovators eager to be a part of the EV revolution.Further, infrastructure-building initiatives such as creating battery-swapping units (a key focus in India’s Union Budget for 2022–2023) also require extensive research and,innovation and, standardizationbetween different original equipmentmanufacturers—to succeed.
But while EVs require infrastructural support to remain sustainable once in use, owing to their design, they already are more sustainable than conventional vehicles. This is because unlike conventional vehicles whose powertrains have over 2000 moving parts, which require regular replacement, lubrication, and maintenance, EV powertrains have only about 20 moving parts. This reduces the need for regular maintenance or the use of consumables such as lubricants. So, if component manufacturing becomes sustainable, EV’s will automatically be lot more sustainable than current forms of mobility.
The overall life expectancy of EV’s is similar to that of conventional vehicles(~20 years).,But the challenge is that EV components are more environmentally toxic at the end of life than their counterparts in conventional vehicles.
Scientists and engineers are working on improving EV component materials and their resilience, and consumers are being sensitised regarding EV-friendly driving and charging practices, to prolong EV lifespans. Yet, this is not enough. Recycling infrastructure designed to process EV components with maximum efficiency at the end of life of a vehicle must be established.
Overall, India’s EV sector is at a nascent stage. But even in places like China, Europe, and the United States, where EV use is miles ahead, one key aspect of infrastructure to truly scale EVs remains to be adequately built: recycling. This will be crucial for a meaningful global transition to the EV age.
In addition, simultaneously transitioning to a renewables-based energy grid is the only way to ensure that the true carbon footprint of an EV transition is lower than that of our current society.
Stay tuned to understand where we are with this energy grid greening process and how that transition will feed into the EV transition. | <urn:uuid:ba0a4d06-8a8e-46b8-813f-388200fc4163> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://rich.telangana.gov.in/The-Road-to-a-Green-Future.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.934408 | 1,386 | 3.28125 | 3 |
Introduction to Image Processing
This entire series of tutorials covers the basics of image processing using OpenCV library with python to the advanced deep learning. In this tutorial you will get to about introduction to image processing
Let us look into the course curriculum.
The entire tutorials include the concepts of basic image, NumPy basics of storing the images, OpenCV operations, video processing with OpenCV, object detection, object tracking, deep learning of OpenCV using Keras and Tensorflow with a wide range of real-time project application explanation.
You will need to work on an IDE to write, edit and run your codes. If you are advanced you can continue with your own preferred IDE, but if you are beginner learning image processing it is better to use the Jupyter lab which is preferred by me in the complete tutorials of image processing.
Initially, one must download the anaconda from here https://www.anaconda.com/products/individual and install them on your operating system accordingly.
Later, open the Jupyter notebook in the Anaconda.
Now, install the requirements to work with the image processing that includes the list of libraries and set up the environment to save and run the files accordingly.
Finally, you can activate the environment in the anaconda command prompt and run the Jupyter lab to open up the Jupyter notebook on your browser.
What is an Image?
Now, let us know about the basic concept of an image. Generally, in the real world, we look at the images with different colors, but the computer read the images in the form of data. This data is in the form of pixels.
What is a Pixel?
In a digital image, the pixel is the smallest element that can represent an image with combination and control the colours and effects on the image. Generally, on the large screens, the representation of the image is done as the rectangular pixels, but the structure of pixel range in different shapes.
Representation of a Grayscale Image in an Array
Considering a grayscale image, which is in the black and white format.
The image is storage is done in the array with different pixel values present in the image. For an 8 bit image, the pixel values range from 0 to 255. So, the normalisation of the 256 values is done between 0 and 1. Thus in the array, the storages of values lie between 0 to 1 with floating digits.
The colour image is defined with the combination of the primary colours – Red, Green, Blue (RGB). Each primary colour with different intensity values will represent the image with different colour variations.
Reading a Colour Image
The representation of the colour image is done with the combination of three primary colours as discussed above. The colour image will have three dimensions that include:
- Colour Channels
That means the reading of the colour image will be like (560,720,3), which means 560-pixel height, 720-pixel width and 3 colour channels. The colour image is stored in the 3-dimensional array, with the values that represent the grayscale image in three different colour intensity channels.
Numpy is the numerical python library, that plays a key role in storing the values in the arrays up to n dimensions. To know much about Numpy you can read this tutorial Introduction to Numpy.
And few operations of the Numpy library like slicing and indexing are very much important concepts to start the journey in the image processing. If you are a beginner and interested to learn about the indexing and slicing you can go through this tutorial Indexing and Slicing in Numpy.
This is all about the introduction to the image processing with the basic concepts, that play a major role to work with concepts in the upcoming tutorials. For any sort of doubts or questions, you can reach us through the comment box. If you like this tutorial, hit the like button located on the left side top position at the beginning of this tutorial. | <urn:uuid:72f41a0c-ef7e-4f39-ab62-a37156a6abc8> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://roboticelectronics.in/introduction-to-image-processing/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.907884 | 822 | 3.515625 | 4 |
Roman Structures > Aqueducts > Aqueduct Argentorate
The Roman aqueduct of Strasbourg, or aqueduct Argentorate, was a Roman work bringing water from the Souffel from Kuttolsheim in Kochersberg , until the Roman city of Argentoratum .Summary1History2Plot3Specifications4References5See also5.1Related articles5.2External LinksHistory [ change | modify the code ]The aqueduct was built in the second century by the Legio VIII Augusta , stationed in Strasbourg, on the current large island . The book was a civilian object (serving the antique agglomeration of Strasbourg, then with between 20 000 and 30 000) but mainly military (water supply of the Legion itself).Plot [ edit | edit the code ]The aqueduct, about 28 km, down about 60 vertical meters, corresponding to a slope of about 2 ‰ (2 mm per meter)It was through Kuttolsheim , Fessenheim-le-Bas , Quatzenheim , Hurtigheim and between Dingsheim and Oberhausbergen . There were two branches, one to Kirchheim (which was probably located the house of the legate Argentorate), the other towards the industrial area of Koenigshoffen. At the end of his journey, after a settling tank (located under the current Galeries Lafayette), the aqueduct was divided into four sections, pointing respectively to St. Thomas, the High-Rise, the Street of the Chain, and finally the military camp .The book was bordered by a road for maintenance, surviving the twenty-first century under the name of the Roman road .Specifications [ change | modify the code ]The aqueduct consisted of 8600 terracotta tubes agglomerated by adding broken tile ; all formed a double pipe. Each tube was about 65 centimeters in length to 30 centimeters wide. All tubes were manufactured in the tile of Koenigshoffen .References [ change | modify the code ]↑ a and b Rene Cubaynes, "From Moesia Argentorate (68-90 AD)" on http://www.leg8.com , Legion VIII Augusta (accessed 28 March 2013).↑ a and b Jean Jacques Hatt, Argentorate, Strasbourg, Lyon , Presses Universitaires de Lyon , 1993 , 143 pp. ( ISBN 9782729704711 ), p. 77 .↑ "History of Strasbourg when Strasbourg was Argentorate - The second century: 97-193" on http://www.encyclopedie.bseditions.fr , BS Encyclopedia (Accessed March 28, 2013).See also [ edit | edit the code ]Related articles [ edit | edit the code ]Argentoratum ;Legio VIII Augusta .
Roman Aqueducts List | <urn:uuid:0a475f4f-c7cc-4aee-9bbb-4305f58acd2c> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://romanhistory.org/structures/aqueduct-argentorate | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.877669 | 590 | 3.375 | 3 |
Answer on riddles leading to delightful “aha” moments. In this article, we’ve compiled a collection of easy What Is It riddles for kids, designed to stimulate their imaginations.
Easy What Is It Riddles for Kids With Answers
Riddles are a fun way to challenge your brain and exercise your thinking skills. Kids love riddles, especially easy “What am I?” riddles that involve guessing the object or animal based on a few descriptive clues. Here are some fun and easy what is it riddles that are perfect for kids. You can print the riddles card PDF below…
Riddle #1: I’m yellow and you can find me up in the sky. What am I?
- Answer: The Sun
You may like: Free Printable Sun To Cut Out And color
Riddle #2: I’m white and fluffy, and I fall from the sky in winter. What am I?
- Answer: Snow
Riddle #3: I’m a fruit, and I’m red and juicy. I’m a favorite in pies and cobblers. What am I?
- Answer: Strawberries
Riddle #4: I’m a big, grey animal with a long trunk. What am I?
- Answer: An Elephant
Riddle #5: I’m a yellow fruit that’s shaped like a crescent and monkeys love me. What am I?
- Answer: A Banana
Riddle #6: I’m a reptile, and I can change the color of my skin. I often slither on the ground. What am I?
- Answer: A Chameleon
Riddle #7: I’m a musical instrument that you blow into. I’m often seen in marching bands. What am I?
- Answer: A Trumpet
Riddle #8: I’m a mode of transportation with two wheels. You pedal to move me. What am I?
- Answer: A Bicycle
Riddle #9: I’m yellow and come from a chicken. You can cook me for breakfast. What am I?
- Answer: An egg.
You may like: Easy Chicken Coloring Pages
Riddle #10: I’m grey and very large. I have a horn on my nose. What am I?
- Answer: A rhinoceros.
Riddle #11: I’m white and made from milk. You can put me on bread or eat me with fruit. What am I?
- Answer: Cheese.
Riddle #12: I’m pink and curly and you can find me in the ocean. What am I?
- Answer: A shrimp.
Riddle #13: I’m brown or black and say “moo”. I give milk that you can drink. What am I?
- Answer: A cow.
Riddle #14: I’m orange and grow on trees. You can drink me as juice. What am I?
- Answer: An orange.
Riddle #15: I’m brown and have a bushy tail. I collect nuts and climb trees. What am I?
- Answer: A squirrel.
Riddle #16: I’m yellow and have black stripes. I can be very dangerous. What am I?
- Answer: A bee.
Don’t miss: Questions About Bees For Preschoolers
Riddle #17: I meow and have whiskers and soft fur. I make a great pet. What am I?
- Answer: A cat.
Riddle #18: I bark loudly to alert my owner of danger. I am often trained to help people. What am I?
- Answer: A dog.
Riddle #19: I’m green and have a hard shell. I come from the ocean and move slowly. What am I?
- Answer: A turtle.
Riddle #20: I’m orange and black and celebrate Halloween. I fly at night. What am I?
- Answer: A bat.
Riddle #21: I’m rectangular and made of glass. You look through me to see outside. What am I?
- Answer: A window.
Download Printable Riddles for Kids with AnswersDownload Riddles What am I printable Free
So how did you do? Easy riddles like these are a fun way for kids to practice logic and critical thinking. Try coming up with your own easy what is it riddles for kids to stump their friends! Happy riddling!
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“Don’t miss out on any of our new content! Make sure to subscribe to our YouTube channel by clicking the subscribe button. This way, you’ll always stay up to date on our latest videos.” | <urn:uuid:8162b773-9cfb-4aec-8db1-11637ef92177> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://sadeky.com/easy-what-is-it-riddles-for-kids/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.873592 | 1,141 | 3.03125 | 3 |
Zoology deals with the study of animal kingdom specially the structural diversity, biology, embyology, evolution, habits & distribution of animals both living & extinct. As it covers a fascinating range of topic, the modern zoologists need to have insight into many disciplines.
The learning outcomes based curriculum framework for a B.Sc. degree in zoology is designed to cater to the needs of students in view of the evolving nature of animal science as a subject.
The curriculum has benn designed in such a way that the students are exposed to modern tools & techniques in life science. More emphasis has been given to content related to environment, sustainability, skills acquisition & entrepreneurship.
The curriculum teaching pedagogy & assessment methods are assigned with appropriate cognitive levels as per bloom's taxonomy. The objective based evalution(OBE) methods will pave way for the assessment of cognitive levels of the students & evaluated the expected course outcome attainment.
The ZOOLOGY DEPARTMENT of the science course was started in 17.08.2015 at SAGAR MAHAVIDYALAYA.
From the beginning, success can be seen in giving lessons to eight(8) students with one GUEST TEACHER/LECTURER. Now the number of students is about fifty (50) in the zoology department.
That guest teacher/lecturer is still the head of the department(H.O.D.) of zoology.
VISSION:- The department promote the discovery broad knowledge about the biology of animals, evolution & Their environments. The holistic development of the student & make them able to contribute effectively for their welfare & society in this dynamic era.
To the one of the excellent department in the state for zoology learning, teaching & research.Achieve excellence through teaching & research.
MISSION:- 1)Our mission is to offer high quality education dedicated to building minds with social & moral responsibility.
2)To develop the student to appreciate nature.
3)To promote leaders in the field of life science.
4)To develop the attitude of the students to concentrate on applied science aspects.
5)To impart knowledge and skills in zoological science. | <urn:uuid:9d412f77-63e6-4323-8a03-3aafc3b19090> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://sagarmv.ac.in/subject/zoology/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.92515 | 445 | 2.8125 | 3 |
Author: Kyriaki Papageorgiou, Ph.D. in Anthropology, Director of Research at Esade’s Fusion Point.
The speed and scale with which Covid-19 has spread over the course of just a few months are reconfiguring the way we think and act alongside technology to tackle grand challenges in times of crisis. Since being forced to move our lives indoors and online, we have become dependent on our technological devices to conduct human-to-human interactions beyond the confines of our homes. In addition to elevating technology’s mediating role (the consequences of which are likely to be long-lasting and transformative in many ways), the coronavirus has opened the door to new technological actors, such as robots and artificial intelligence (AI), visibly bringing to life contested scenarios of automated futures that we had only been able to imagine before.
You can read about what this means for humanity in the full article here. | <urn:uuid:4ed7c51f-061a-4cac-b279-007ea4d67c32> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://scalings.eu/humanity-technology-and-the-pandemic-crisis/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.961289 | 193 | 2.765625 | 3 |
If you pick up a copy of OK magazine this week you’ll find some great info form our own Dr Paul Irvine in the health section. We’re really excited to be getting this message out about scoliosis and how to spot it, since early detection makes such a huge difference. This week, let’s review some of the key symptoms to look out for.
Scoliosis : what to look out for
Two to three percent of adolescents between the age of 10 and 15 will develop scoliosis. That might seem like a small percentage, but as we pointed out in OK, it’s about one per class at school. Among adults over 50, the rate is as high as 40% – this means that you almost certainly know at least a few people with scoliosis.
Scoliosis is a complex condition and can affect individuals in different ways. In fact, scoliosis is often difficult to detect early on, which is why screening is so important.
When scoliosis has first started to develop, visual symptoms are often the main issue – uneven shoulders, hips, or a rib hump are commonly noticed. While these symptoms don’t necessarily pose a significant health risk on their own, they are strongly associated with psychological problems, such as low self-esteem, anxiety and depression.
Once scoliosis develops and becomes more pronounced it can have an impact on everyday life as well as being more obvious visually. Symptoms might include:
- Changes with walking. When the spine abnormally twists and bends during walking, it can cause the hips to be out of alignment which changes a person’s gait or how they walk. You might also notice you get tired quickly when walking.
- Reduced range of motion. You might notice a reduced flexibility, or even pain and stiffness when moving.
- Trouble breathing. If the spine rotates enough and diverges from its normal position enough, the rib cage can twist and tighten the space available for the lungs.
- Cardiovascular problems. Similarly, if the rib cage twists enough, reduced spacing for the heart can hamper its ability to pump blood.
- Many scoliosis patients report back pain ranging from moderate to severe. More research is required to determine if scoliosis is the main cause of the pain or if the pain is associated with issues, such as muscle tightness, which come with scoliosis, but pain is nonetheless often the symptom which causes people to seek treatment.
How can I screen for scoliosis?
Spot scoliosis early and improve your prognosis!
Early detection Is especially important in scoliosis cases since research has shown a direct link between the age of detection and the outcomes achievable. Today, through modern bracing technology, it has been demonstrated that conservative treatment with a brace is now highly effective in treating juvenile idiopathic scoliosis. In one recent study of 113 patients, the vast majority achieved a complete curve correction and only 4.9% of patients needed surgery
In the 2015 study, it was shown that curve correction was accomplished in 88 patients (77.8%) and stabilization was obtained in 18 patients (15.9%). Only 7 of the patients (6.19%) had progression of their scoliosis, and only 4 of these were recommended for surgery. Critically however, the study also demonstrated that treatment appears to be more effective with curves under 30° (incidence of surgery: 1.6%) than curves over 30° (incidence of surgery: 5.5%) – which strongly suggests the need to catch curves early.
Have questions about scoliosis?
If you have questions about scoliosis, feel free to get in touch with us by phone or email – or upload your x-rays for a free scoliosis assessment.
‘Brace treatment in juvenile idiopathic scoliosis: a prospective study in accordance with the SRS criteria for bracing studies – SOSORT award 2013 winner‘ and Angelo G Aulisa, Vincenzo Guzzanti, Emanuele Marzetti,Marco Giordano, Francesco Falciglia and Lorenzo Aulisa, Scoliosis 2014 9:3 DOI: 10.1186/1748-7161-9-3 | <urn:uuid:22b75425-77d8-4c52-9780-81cc5437c1d1> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://scoliosisclinic.co.uk/tag/symptoms-of-scoliosis/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.957426 | 881 | 3.09375 | 3 |
SUPER DECALS SHEET FOR 6 VERSIONS – COLORS INSTRUCTIONS SHEET
FIGURE NOT INCLUDED
During the 1930s Henschel were tasked to design and build a ground attack aircraft that could provide support to ground troops. This led to the creation of the robust Henschel Hs-123 biplane, which was supplied to flying Squadrons in 1935. The first operational deployment of the aircraft took place during the Spanish Civil War to the Condor Legion squadrons. Due to its 880 hp BMW radial engine the Hs-123 was able to reach a top speed of 340 km/h and could carry a large offensive payload. During the Second World War, despite its proven reliability, the rapid technological evolution of aircraft design, engines and performance relegated the Hs-123 to supporting roles. On the Eastern Front for example, it was used primarily in a night-time ground attack role. | <urn:uuid:1f8cda76-ace3-4bbc-a244-bc9d54723814> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://sdandsc.com/product/german-henschel-hs-123-biplane-fighter-148-scale-italeri-2819/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.97094 | 186 | 3.109375 | 3 |
Exploring the many ways that instructors use TMYN
Monday 11:30am-1:30pm UMC Aspen Rooms
Poster Presentation Part of Increasing Student Engagement in Lectures and Labs
We explore the many ways that The Math You Need, When You Need It (TMYN) is used both formally and informally to support quantitative skills use and development in the geosciences. TMYN was originally designed as a student resource to be used in close connection to introductory geoscience courses. Evaluation of the modules has focused on collecting data associated with its use by faculty trained at several workshops to implement the resource in conjunction with their introductory geoscience course. Faculty who went through the workshops incorporate it in their classes in flexible ways - as an out of class resource, pre-lab homework, optional homework, or as a review for students who struggle with basic mathematics. However, we have discovered that both trained and untrained instructors are using TMYN in innovative ways that extend beyond their original design. Several faculty who attended the workshop subsequently trained others in their departments and adapted TMYN so that the modules could be used throughout the department. UW Colleges (Wisconsin's state system of community colleges) are using TMYN and its evaluation software system-wide to collect data on student quantitative preparation and skill acquisition. The most recent edition of the AGI/NAGT Physical Geology manual includes QR codes and links directly to appropriate pages in TMYN as a way to scaffold student support. TMYN resources are also accessed by 5,000-10,000 people per week, most of whom are searching for mathematical help on Google or other search engines. As the TMYN project draws to a close, we explore ways to continue and extend the effective use of the resource post-NSF funding. | <urn:uuid:9590c00c-96bb-4e4b-bca3-bee7c94da61d> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://serc.carleton.edu/earth_rendezvous/2015/program_table/abstracts/101014.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.94791 | 364 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Data visualization is an essential tool for understanding and interpreting complex information. One powerful technique used in data visualization is the use of graduated colors to represent different data types. Graduated colors allow us to easily identify patterns and trends in our data by assigning a specific color to each data value or range.
Let’s explore which data types can be effectively symbolized with graduated colors.
One of the most common types of data that can be symbolized with graduated colors is numerical data. This includes continuous variables such as temperature, population density, or income levels. By assigning a color gradient to these variables, we can create visual representations that highlight variations across a range of values.
Example: Suppose we have a dataset that represents the average monthly temperature in different cities around the world. We can use graduated colors to create a map where warmer temperatures are represented by red shades, and cooler temperatures are represented by blue shades. This allows us to quickly identify regions with higher or lower temperatures.
While graduated colors are commonly used for numerical data, they can also be effective for symbolizing categorical data. Categorical data represents discrete categories or groups, such as different product categories, customer segments, or political parties.
Example: Let’s say we have a dataset that classifies countries into three categories based on their economic development: high income, middle income, and low income. We can assign a unique color to each category and use graduated colors within each category to represent variations within those groups. This approach allows us to visualize both the overall distribution of countries across economic categories and the differences within each category.
Ordinal data represents variables with ordered levels or ranks. Examples include survey responses on Likert scales (e.g., strongly agree, agree, neutral, disagree, strongly disagree) or educational qualifications (e., high school, bachelor’s, master’s, Ph.D.).
Example: Suppose we have survey data on customer satisfaction with a product, ranging from “very satisfied” to “very dissatisfied.” We can assign a color gradient to represent the different levels of satisfaction, with darker shades indicating higher levels of satisfaction. This visualization allows us to easily identify which customers are most satisfied and which are least satisfied.
In conclusion, graduated colors can be used to symbolize various types of data, including numerical, categorical, and ordinal. This powerful technique allows us to visually represent complex information in an engaging and intuitive way.
By incorporating graduated colors into our data visualizations, we can uncover patterns and trends that might otherwise go unnoticed. | <urn:uuid:4a22c0f0-4609-40b5-9ec5-69e86701b1b2> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://serverlogic3.com/which-data-type-can-be-symbolized-with-graduated-colors/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.886999 | 522 | 3.84375 | 4 |
Valve surgeries and treatments are used to repair or replace a heart valve that isn't functioning properly due to valvular heart disease (also called heart valve disease). Open-heart surgery through the breastbone into the chest is known as heart valve surgery. It's a big procedure that can take two hours or more, and recovery can take weeks. Some types of valvular heart disease can be treated with newer, less invasive procedures, but they are only available at a few facilities. Find the best hospitals for Heart Valve Replacement in Kerala here.
There are various alternative ways for repairing or replacing valves, depending on the condition. Valve replacement surgery. In most cases, surgical treatments are utilised to treat abnormalities with the mitral or tricuspid valves,also valve repair without surgery, replacement of a heart valve and minimally invasive valve repair/replacement.
Discuss how to prepare for your forthcoming operation with your healthcare practitioner. Keep the following in mind:
The aortic and mitral valves are the two most common valves that require repair or replacement.
When one or more of your heart valves do not open or seal properly, your doctor may propose heart valve replacement surgery. Regurgitation is caused by a heart valve that does not seal completely.
Yes, there is a catheter-assisted minimally invasive treatment called TAVR that may be a better option for some people who are at moderate to high risk of complications following open heart surgery.
It depends on the patient's age, medical condition etc. It is expected to be 5-10 years.
The functioning of the left ventricle has improved, and early surgery may improve the prognosis even more, showing that an aortic homograft is a safe and long-lasting alternative for patients who require a second aortic valve replacement. | <urn:uuid:8bea0b11-6d79-4000-9f21-8cddc4cb3b10> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://shopdoc.in/procedure/heart-valve-replacement | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.92895 | 372 | 2.78125 | 3 |
August 18, 1911 – August 26, 2015
Raised in Savannah, Georgia
When SNCC’s Bernard Lafayette and his wife Colia Liddell came to Selma, Alabama in the fall of 1962, they found Amelia Boynton and her husband Samuel William “S.W.” Boynton ready and primed for action. They had been working for change long before the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s. Amelia Boynton had come to Selma, Alabama as an agricultural extension agent in 1929 where she met and married her co-worker S.W. and used their government positions encourage Black people to register to vote and buy land. We “would have meetings in the rural churches, and even in homes,” Boynton explained, “And we would show them how to fill out these blanks, how to present themselves when they went down to the registration office.”
Amelia Boynton grew up in a two-story wooden house in Savannah, Georgia, where her father owned a wholesale wood lot. “We felt like we had to be leaders, because this is what the community expected,” Boynton said, recalling of her childhood. Her introduction to politics came as a ten-year-old when traveling by horse and buggy she accompanied her mother–a committed women’s suffragist–“knocking on doors and ringing doorbells, giving women the proper information, taking them to the registration board and/or taking them to the polls to cast their votes.”
After studying home economics at Tuskegee University, Boynton began working as the home demonstration agent in Dallas County. There she met and married agricultural extension agent, S.W. Boynton. They traveled down dusty dirt roads deep in the rurals and backwoods of the county teaching Black people better methods for farming but also “how to gain political, financial, and educational strength.” As Mr. Boynton often said, “Ownership makes any man respected. Living on the plantation makes a man’s family a part of the owner’s possession.” In addition to their demonstration work, the Boynton’s operated a insurance agency, real estate office, and employment agency out of their office on Franklin Street, located directly across from the city jail.
In the mid-1930s, Amelia and S.W. Boynton began working with and revitalizing the moribund Dallas County Voters League. Its handful of members met in the back room of their office, working to get more Black people on the voting rolls. When SNCC’s Bernard Lafayette and his wife Colia Liddell arrived in Selma, Amelia Boynton offered them space. “Rather than open a new SNCC office,” Lafayette explained, “I assigned myself to become the staff person for the Dallas County Voters League.” The Boyntons were staunch advocate of SNCC’s efforts. It was Mr. Boynton’s passing in May of 1963 that sparked the very first mass meeting in Selma.
In 1964, Amelia Boynton became the first African American woman in the state of Alabama to run for Congress, challenging a white incumbent the Alabama Fourth District seat. The campaign motto, hung in her office window, was “A voteless people is a hopeless people.” Despite being defeated, she earned eleven percent of the local vote, where only five percent of Blacks were registered.
That summer, an injunction brought local demonstrations to a halt. Mrs. Boynton reached out to SCLC, inviting them to come to Selma and invigorate the local movement. On January 2, 1965, Martin Luther King Jr. kicked off a nationally-geared campaign for voting rights in Selma, and Boynton again worked wholeheartedly to drum up local support. Her home on 1315 Lapsley Street housed a consistent stream of movement activists. “People run in and out all the time,” she said.
On March 7, 1965–Bloody Sunday–Amelia Boynton marched in the first rows of a line of six hundred protesters, crossing the Edmund Pettus Bridge headed for Montgomery. “I saw in front of us a solid wall of state troopers, standing shoulder to shoulder,” Boynton remembered. Gas masks covered their faces, and they held billy clubs, cattle prods, guns, and gas canisters. When the marchers refused to turn around, the troopers advanced. Boynton was tear gassed and beaten unconscious.
Two weeks after she was released from the hospital, she sat on the platform in Montgomery as Martin Luther King addressed a crowd of thousands. In 2015, Amelia Boynton crossed the Edmund Pettus again, this time on the fiftieth anniversary of Bloody Sunday, a celebration to her lifelong dedication to the struggle for freedom.
David Garrow, Bearing the Cross: Martin Luther King, Jr., and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (New York: W. Morrow, 1986).
Bernard Lafayette, Jr. and Kathryn Lee Johnson, In Peace and Freedom: My Journey in Selma (Lexington, KY: The University Press of Kentucky, 2013).
Amelia Boynton Robinson, Bridge across Jordan (Washington, D.C.: Schiller Institute, 1991).
Sue Cronk, “In Alabama Primary, Negro Woman is a Candidate,” Washington Post, March 11, 1964, MFDP Papers, Wisconsin Historical Society.
Interview with Amelia Boynton Robinson conducted by Blackside, Inc., December 6, 1985, Eyes on the Prize, Henry Hampton Collection, Washington University Libraries. | <urn:uuid:de05eefc-7bcd-46c9-b77b-4f13bf86d1c5> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://snccdigital.org/people/amelia-boynton/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.954747 | 1,162 | 3.078125 | 3 |
3 Advices to Give Your Child to Prepare Them For the Work Industry
The journey from childhood to the work industry can be a challenging transition for any individual. As a parent, it is crucial to provide your child with the necessary guidance and support to navigate this path successfully. By instilling certain values and skills from an early age, you can empower your child to thrive in the professional world. In this article, we will explore three essential pieces of advice that can help prepare your child for the work industry.
Importance of preparing children for the work industry
Preparing children for the work industry is about more than just securing a job. It involves equipping them with the skills and mindset necessary to adapt, grow, and succeed in a rapidly changing world. Here are three key reasons why it is important to focus on this preparation:
Enhancing soft skills
Soft skills, such as communication, problem-solving, teamwork, and adaptability, have become increasingly valuable in today’s work environment. By nurturing these skills early on, children can develop a strong foundation that will serve them well throughout their careers.
Developing a strong work ethic
A strong work ethic is essential for long-term success. Teaching your child the importance of discipline, commitment, and perseverance will help them develop a positive attitude towards work and instill the values necessary for achieving their goals.
Nurturing a growth mindset
A growth mindset is the belief that abilities and intelligence can be developed through dedication and hard work. By encouraging a growth mindset in your child, you empower them to embrace challenges, persist in the face of setbacks, and continuously strive for improvement.
Advice 1: Encouraging exploration and curiosity
One of the most effective ways to prepare your child for the work industry is by encouraging exploration and curiosity. This involves fostering a love for learning and helping them develop a sense of wonder about the world. Here are three practical steps you can take:
Emphasizing the value of lifelong learning
Highlight the importance of continuous learning to your child. Discuss how acquiring new knowledge and skills can open doors to exciting opportunities and personal growth. Encourage them to explore various subjects, hobbies, and interests, both inside and outside of school.
Encouraging diverse interests
Urge your child to explore diverse interests and pursue activities that align with their passions. Expose them to a wide range of experiences, such as sports, arts, music, and community service. This will help them develop a well-rounded perspective and discover their true passions and talents.
Promoting problem-solving and critical thinking
Nurture problem-solving and critical thinking skills by challenging your child with puzzles, riddles, and thought-provoking questions. Encourage them to analyze situations, think creatively, and come up with innovative solutions. This will foster their ability to tackle complex problems in the future.
Advice 2: Fostering resilience and adaptability
Resilience and adaptability are vital qualities for success in the work industry, where change is constant. As a parent, you can play a significant role in helping your child build these essential traits. Consider the following steps:
Teaching them how to handle failures
Failure is an inevitable part of life. Teach your child that failure is not a setback but an opportunity to learn and grow. Encourage them to view failures as stepping stones toward success and guide them in analyzing mistakes to extract valuable lessons.
Promoting resilience through challenges
Expose your child to challenges and encourage them to step outside their comfort zone. Whether it’s tackling difficult school assignments or participating in extracurricular activities, provide support and guidance while allowing them to face and overcome obstacles independently. This will strengthen their resilience and boost their self-confidence.
Cultivating adaptability in a changing world
Help your child embrace change and adapt to new situations. Encourage them to be flexible, open-minded, and willing to explore different approaches. Expose them to diverse cultures, viewpoints, and experiences to foster their ability to navigate a rapidly evolving work environment.
Advice 3: Developing effective communication and collaboration skills
Effective communication and collaboration skills are invaluable assets in the work industry. As technology continues to advance, these skills will become even more essential for success. Here’s how you can help your child develop them:
Encouraging active listening and empathy
Teach your child the importance of active listening and empathy in building strong relationships. Encourage them to listen attentively, understand others’ perspectives, and respond thoughtfully. Help them develop empathy by exposing them to diverse experiences and encouraging acts of kindness and understanding.
Building effective teamwork skills
Collaboration and teamwork are key components of a successful work environment. Encourage your child to participate in team activities, such as group projects or team sports. Teach them the value of cooperation, effective communication, and compromise. This will enable them to work harmoniously with others toward shared goals.
Nurturing networking and relationship-building abilities
Introduce your child to the concept of networking and the importance of building professional relationships. Teach them the art of introductions, networking events, and maintaining connections. Help them understand that strong relationships can lead to new opportunities and support throughout their careers.
Preparing your child for the work industry is a lifelong process that requires intentional guidance and support. By following the three advices mentioned above, you can empower your child to navigate the challenges of the work industry with confidence. Encourage their exploration, foster resilience, and nurture their communication skills. Remember, preparing them for the work industry goes beyond securing a job—it equips them with the tools they need to succeed in a rapidly changing world.
1. How can I motivate my child to develop a growth mindset? Encouraging a growth mindset in your child involves praising effort, emphasizing the power of yet, and reframing failures as opportunities for growth. Provide examples of successful individuals who have overcome obstacles through hard work and perseverance.
2. What are some practical ways to teach resilience to children? Practical ways to teach resilience include allowing your child to face age-appropriate challenges, encouraging problem-solving, promoting positive self-talk, and being a role model by demonstrating resilience in your own life.
3. How can I encourage my child to embrace diverse interests? Encourage your child to explore a variety of activities and hobbies. Expose them to different cultures, encourage them to try new things, and support their interests even if they change over time. Help them understand the value of diverse experiences and the opportunities they bring.
4. What are the benefits of effective communication skills in the workplace? Effective communication skills in the workplace lead to better teamwork, reduced misunderstandings, increased productivity, and improved relationships with colleagues and superiors. Clear and concise communication is crucial for conveying ideas, expressing needs, and building trust.
5. How can parents support their child in building a professional network? Parents can support their child in building a professional network by introducing them to networking opportunities, such as industry events or conferences. Encourage them to join relevant clubs or organizations, provide guidance on creating a professional online presence, and help them make connections within your own network. | <urn:uuid:691c6421-bc99-46af-8547-e173f515ba50> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://sophiaeducation.sg/child-to-prepare-them-for-the-work-industry/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.939911 | 1,472 | 2.859375 | 3 |
If you notice a loud squealing noise coming from beneath your vehicle’s hood, it’s highly probable that a belt is slipping through the pulleys. Most modern automobiles use one, continuous belt which wraps around several pulleys on various parts on the front-end part of the engine.
This belt is often used to link the water pump, power steering pump, alternator, and air pressure compressor. While older automobiles are not equipped with serpentine belts, they do feature distinct V-belts that power various systems. When these belts slip, its ensuing friction will produce a sharp squealing.
In this guide, we shall be discussing different methods to make a serpentine belt stop squeaking.
Understanding Serpentine Belt Noises
When you hear noise from a recently installed serpentine belt, it serves as a warning sign for issues in the engine’s front end drive system. Just like a “check engine” light signifies a problem with the engine, serpentine belt noise indicates an issue with the belt drive system. Surprisingly, the belt itself is usually not the source of the problem.
There are two most common noises produced by a serpentine belt.
- Serpentine belt squealing noise
- Serpentine belt chirping noise
Serpentine Belt Chirping Noise
The chirping noise consists of a sequence of sharp, intermittent, and rhythmical sounds. As the belt speed rises, the pitch and volume remain consistent, explaining why you hear a persistent chirping sound when accelerating.
There are six primary reasons for this chirping noise:
- Pulley misalignment, which is the leading cause of such noise.
- Incorrect installation.
- Worn belt ribs.
- Faulty pulley bearings, resulting in wobbling or excessive free movement.
- Contamination from substances like power steering fluid, engine oil, coolant, or belt dressing.
- The use of a low-quality belt in the installation.
Serpentine Belt Squealing Noise
The squeal is characterized by a high-pitched sound that lasts for several seconds, with potential fluctuations in volume but not in pitch.
The top three reasons for this squeal are as follows:
- Inadequate belt tension, which can result from low installation tension, a stretched belt, extensive belt wear, deterioration of tension springs, or the use of a belt that is too long.
- Increased drag on accessory/idler pulleys due to seized bearings or accessory failure/lock-up.
- Belt contamination caused by exposure to substances like belt dressing, oil, antifreeze, or other chemicals.
What Causes a Serpentine Belt to Squeak?
Mainly, squeals occur when the serpentine cannot stay in position in any of the pulleys. The most common reason why the serpentine belt glides out of position is moisture on the inside part.
So, where could this moisture be coming from? Mostly from leaking engine accessories. If any of the accessories is leaking, the fluid will be splashed onto the belt, causing it to slide off the pulleys. Other common reasons include:
Improper Installation: If you notice the squeal right after installing a new serpentine belt, likely, the process was not done right. You should ensure that the mechanic tensions the belt and adequately re-tensions a few minutes after starting the engine to ensure that it’s tight enough to stay in position.
Wear and Tear: Rubber belts are prone to wear and tear, just like most things in life. Over time, your car’s serpentine belt may become glazed, cracked, or brittle.
This reduces its overall effectiveness, and eventually, the belt will start to slip from the pulley system, resulting in that annoying squeal. The grooves may also get too deep, and this can also cause unpleasant noises.
Extreme Weather: Extreme weather reduces the serpentine belt’s stiffness. You will notice the squeal when you start the car, and the sound will disappear after driving a few miles or when the weather improves.
Misaligned Tension/Pulley: If a misaligned belt is not the problem, the tensioner or pulley system may not be aligned well. A mechanic can tell which parts are not appropriately placed and quickly put them back to the right position through a simple inspection.
Damaged or worn-out pulleys can also lead to belt squeaking. If the pulleys have damaged bearings or are not in good condition, they may not rotate smoothly, causing the belt to slip and make noise.
Worn Tensioner or Idler Pulley: The tensioner and idler pulleys are responsible for maintaining the proper tension on the serpentine belt. If these components wear out or have damaged bearings, they may not apply sufficient tension on the belt, leading to squeaking.
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How To Stop Belt Squeal/ Stop A Squeaky Belt
1. Identify the Source of the Noise
The first step in fixing the squeak is to locate it. This entails turning on the vehicle and investigating the noise, which may involve a variety of approaches depending on how old your automobile is.
A belt that creaks is probably slipping. As a result, since timing belts contain teeth, they can never be at fault. They have teeth to prevent slippage; otherwise, the internal timing of the engine would be altered, and multiple costly components would begin colliding against one another, resulting in engine failure.
In 90% of instances, the auxiliary belt will be the real the culprit. This belt is responsible for powering the air conditioner, alternator, water pump, and other components. The fan belt is another potential culprit. Modern automobiles typically have electric fans. On older vehicles, though, the fan is operated by a belt.
2. Check The Belt for Wear
Wear and tear on a serpentine belt are pretty apparent. If you notice that the belt has slipped on a pulley or two, it indicates that you need a new belt.
You may also notice wear signs on the belt edges. If the belt is worn out, start making plans to replace it before it fails. A worn belt will also be much thinner than a new one, and the grooves get deeper. You may need a belt gauge to check the depth of the tracks.
A water test is also perfect for diagnosing if the squeak is wear-related. This test should take you about 5 minutes, and all you need is a spray bottle.
Turn the car engine on, turn it to low-idle and use a spray bottle to squirt water on the inside part of your belt. If you notice an increase in noise, the belt may be worn or loose. You may want to wear some goggles when doing this test as some of the water may splash back at you.
3. Check For Spills
If the belt looks shiny, there may be a fluid contaminating it. Check for oil, coolant, or grease leaks or spills on the belt. It’s advisable to quickly stop the spill as these contaminants will interfere with the belt’s function and deteriorate the material.
4. Check the Pulley Alignment
To check the pulley alignment, you must loosen or remove the belt. Only proceed with this step if you know what you are doing. Once the belt is off, the pulleys should spin quietly and freely. Any friction or grinding noise indicates that the bearings are damaged or worn and need to be replaced.
To be sure that the bearings are a problem, mark the edge or face of the pulley with a grease pencil or chalk before reattaching the belt.
Start the engine and check if the mark and the squeaking noise align.
If they do, the bearings are worn out. It may not be all the bearings that need replacement. Your mechanic should quickly identify the defective one and replace it. If the bearings are OK, the pulley may be misaligned. Since the pulleys are usually tightly secured to the engine system, you need a bit of strength and some hardware to push it back in position.
5. Dress the Serpentine Belt
The first thing to do is dress the belt once you’ve located the cause of the noise. You can purchase belt dressing, which both moisturizes and protects the belt. All you have to do is spray the entire belt—not just a portion of it— when the engine is running. Ideally this should quiet down the noise.
A perfect example I would highly recommend is Permatex 80073 Belt Dressing and Conditioner.
This is an aerosol dressing that will improve friction on the ribbed side of the serpentine belt. The spray may also remove water and contaminants that may be causing the squeak. However, you must remember that the dressing is a temporary solution.
The situation will only get worse if you do not address the underlying problem. Also, note that the lubricant may make the rubber stretch or slip, so the problem may worsen when its friction effect wears off.
6. Tighten the Belt and Replace
The tensioner is responsible for securing the belt firmly in position. Refer to your Haynes manual to locate the tensioner’s position. You should be able to loosen the bolt that secures it, potentially requiring a gentle approach with a pry bar, to adjust the tension on the belt.
Increasing tension reduces slack, resulting in a quieter operation. Once you’ve made the necessary adjustments, tighten the bolt again and listen to check if the noise has disappeared.
If the serpentine belt is worn out beyond repair, then I would highly recommend you to replace it with a new quiet serpentine belt.
Will Belt Dressing Stop Squeal?
Belt dressing is a product designed to temporarily reduce or eliminate squealing noises from drive belts, such as serpentine belts or V-belts, by adding a tacky substance to the belt surface. It can be effective in some cases, but it’s important to understand that it is a temporary solution and not a long-term fix.
Belt dressing can help if the squealing is caused by slip between the belt and the pulleys due to a lack of tension or if the belt is glazed and smooth. The tacky substance in the dressing can provide additional grip, reducing the slip and noise. However, it does not address the underlying issues that may be causing the squealing, such as worn-out belts, misaligned pulleys, or improper belt tension.
While belt dressing can provide a temporary solution to belt squealing, it’s essential to address the root cause of the problem. Regular maintenance, including proper tensioning, alignment, and keeping the belt and pulleys clean, is the best way to prevent belt noise. If the belts are significantly worn or damaged, it’s best to replace them with new ones.
How To Fix A Squeaky Belt With Soap?
Using soap to fix a squeaky belt is a temporary solution and may not be the best way to address the problem. Squeaky belts are often caused by friction between the belt and the pulleys or other components of the system.
Applying soap can provide temporary lubrication and reduce the noise, but it won’t address the underlying issue, which may be belt wear, misalignment, or tension problems. It’s essential to identify and fix the root cause of the squeak for a long-lasting solution.
Ensure the engine is off and the vehicle is in a safe, stationary position. You can use a bar of soap or liquid soap for this. Rub the soap directly onto the surface of the belt while turning the belt manually or running the engine briefly to allow the soap to distribute evenly. Start the engine and listen for any improvement in the squeaking noise. If it has decreased, the soap has temporarily lubricated the belt.
Be aware that the soap’s lubricating effect may not last very long, and the squeak may return. It’s best to address the root cause of the squeak for a more permanent solution.
How to Fix a Squealing Serpentine Belt with WD40
If you notice a squealing sound coming from your serpentine belt, you can apply WD-40 as a temporary solution. Squealing often occurs due to excess moisture on the ribbed side of the belt, causing it to slip. WD-40 is effective in removing moisture, which can help eliminate the squealing. Be sure to wear safety glasses when applying WD-40 to the belt and use short bursts to lightly cover it without over-saturating. Applying too much WD-40 can potentially damage the belt.
If the squealing returns shortly after applying WD-40, it’s a sign that you should consider replacing the belt promptly. The serpentine belt drives various engine accessories, so a malfunctioning belt can disrupt the functioning of your vehicle. You can use WD-40 to temporarily alleviate the issue and then seek professional assistance to have the belt replaced.
WD-40 should only be employed as a temporary remedy for a squealing serpentine belt due to its potential to harm the belt. This product is primarily petroleum-based and consists of approximately 50% Stoddard solvent, 25% light oil, and 12% to 18% LVP Aliphatic Hydrocarbon, with an undisclosed secret ingredient.
Petroleum-based substances have the propensity to cause rubber to expand and deteriorate, making them unsuitable unless you intend to replace the belt. When lubricating rubber components, it is advisable to utilize silicone or a dry Teflon lubricant.
While spraying WD-40 on the serpentine belt can temporarily silence the squealing, it does not address the root problem and may contribute to belt damage. Its usage is only warranted when you have plans to replace the belt and desire a temporary cessation of the squealing.
On How to Fix Noisy Serpentine Belt
In conclusion, addressing a noisy serpentine belt is essential for maintaining your vehicle’s performance and ensuring a quiet, smooth ride. A squealing or chirping serpentine belt can be caused by various factors, including wear and tear, misalignment, or inadequate tension. We’ve explored several methods to fix a noisy serpentine belt, whether it’s using belt dressing, soap, or WD-40 as temporary solutions.
However, it’s important to remember that these are just temporary fixes and should not substitute for proper maintenance and addressing the underlying issues. Regular inspections and maintenance, such as checking for wear and tear, adjusting belt tension, and realigning pulleys, are crucial for long-term serpentine belt health.
If you find that the squealing persists or reoccurs shortly after applying these quick fixes, it’s a sign that you should consider a belt replacement. The serpentine belt plays a crucial role in powering various engine accessories, and a malfunctioning belt can lead to more significant problems down the road.
Meet Mike O’Connor, (a DIY enthusiast), living in Cincinnati, a city ranked as the noisiest in the USA.
As a work from home dad, I have a first hand experience of how noise can truly affect your well being.
Soundproofing isn’t something that should be taken as a hobby, it should be a skill that every homeowner should be equipped with.
Most of the work documented on this blog comes from purely first hand experience, and the products recommended work as indicated. | <urn:uuid:3bdbe688-c99e-41f4-ad99-2dbd2775de12> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://soundproofnation.com/how-to-make-serpentine-belt-stop-squeaking/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.924729 | 3,263 | 2.984375 | 3 |
SAN FRANCISCO — NASA’s Earth Science Division will be able to launch two missions per year under its current budget outlook if the agency can find reliable, affordable rides into orbit for those spacecraft, said Michael Freilich, the division’s director.
But Freilich acknowledged that is a big if, explaining that rising launch costs make “one or two” missions a year more likely.
In light of recent launch failures, NASA Earth science officials are “carving money out of our budget for more expensive but hopefully more reliable launch vehicles,” Freilich said Dec. 6 during a meeting of the American Geophysical Union here. Those decisions will lead to delays in some currently scheduled missions and reductions in funding for activities within the division that are not related to particular missions. Freilich added, however, that NASA officials are striving to protect nonflight programs from the brunt of the cuts.
Two Earth science missions, NASA’s Orbiting Carbon Observatory and the joint U.S.-Argentine Glory climate monitoring satellite, were destroyed as a result of launch failures in February 2009 and March 2011, respectively. In light of those losses, NASA’s Launch Services Program is “working hard with our industry partners to find suitable launch vehicles,” Freilich said.
The issue of launch vehicles came up repeatedly during the annual Earth Science Town Hall meeting in which Freilich laid out the division’s plans. “The nation has two competing worthy objectives,” he explained. Both President Barack Obama’s administration and Congress have shown support for a vigorous, space-based Earth observation program. At the same time, the National Space Policy unveiled in June 2010 calls for support of a vigorous, domestic expendable launch vehicle program.
NASA’s Earth Science Division “is at the nexus of those competing desires” because program managers may have to pay more for U.S. launch vehicles than for foreign rockets. As a result, the Earth Science Division may have less money for its programs. There is a “conflict in national policies,” Freilich said.
That conflict also is making it difficult for NASA to take advantage of opportunities to send Earth science instruments into space as hosted payloads on commercial communications satellites, said Berrien Moore, co-chairman of the National Research Council panel that created the first Earth science decadal survey, a 10-year plan for space-based Earth observation released in 2009.
Several researchers including Moore hoped to propose instruments designed to fly as hosted payloads on commercial geostationary satellites as part of NASA’s Earth Venture-2 competition for science-driven missions that can be launched within five years and completed for $150 million or less. When the NASA Earth Venture-2 Announcement of Opportunity released in September included a requirement for teams to vouch that their missions would fly on U.S. launch vehicles, the scientists had to revise proposals. “When you require a private sector company to make a commitment today to use an American launch vehicle in 2017, that’s a nonstarter,” said Moore, dean of the College of Atmospheric and Geographic Sciences at the University of Oklahoma. “It seems like on some ventures, we ought to get a little flexibility.”
Freilich said NASA officials tried “very, very hard” to provide that flexibility in the Earth Venture-2 program but were not successful because the requirement to send U.S. government satellites into orbit on domestic launch vehicles is reflected in national policy and U.S. law.
Nevertheless, NASA officials will continue looking for ways to send Earth observation instruments into geostationary orbit as hosted payloads on commercial satellites. To do that, they will have to clear two hurdles: the National Space Policy and the desire of scientists to obtain data in low Earth orbit. “For a lot of what we do, [geostationary orbit] is not the optimal location,” Freilich said. Still, geostationary orbit is likely to provide an affordable way to fly instruments capable of capturing some of the data scientists seek. With current budget constraints, that may be better than no mission at all, he added.
Overall, the Earth science program plan Freilich outlined was more circumspect than the program he described in December 2010. At that time, NASA leaders were optimistic that Earth science budgets would rise dramatically because the president’s five-year spending plan included significant increases. Congress, however, opted for more modest funding hikes when the 2011 budget finally passed in May.
Freilich referred to NASA’s 2011 budget plan — which envisioned steady annual increases and included more than $1.9 billion for Earth science in 2012 — as “somewhat hallucinatory.” NASA’s actual 2012 budget, which became law in November, includes $1.77 billion for Earth science, or about $30 million more than the division got for 2011.
Freilich cautioned that his division would have to guard against excessive optimism in future mission plans.
“We thought we had lower cost launch vehicles than actually presently exist and we thought some launch vehicles would be more reliable than they turned out to be,” he said. “We are looking very carefully at what we can execute. Have to be careful not to be irrationally exuberant.”
The current program plan includes launch of the Landsat Data Continuity Mission in January 2013. That mission, originally scheduled to launch in December 2012, slipped 40 days to accommodate launches of a national security satellite and a Tracking and Data Relay Satellite, Freilich said.
The Global Precipitation Measurement satellite, a mission NASA is developing with the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency to monitor snow and rainfall, is scheduled for launch in February 2014. That mission, originally set to launch in 2013, is being delayed due to “development issues on both sides,” Freilich said.
Launch vehicle concerns are likely to delay flight of the Orbiting Carbon Observatory (OCO)-2 and the Soil Moisture Active-Passive (SMAP) mission. For each program, launch typically is scheduled to occur 24 months after a rocket is selected. “Right now that [launch vehicle selection] is on hold,” Freilich said. After two consecutive failures of Orbital Sciences Corp.’s Taurus XL rocket, the Earth Science Division has revised its standards on the amount of risk it is willing to accept in launch programs, he added. OCO-2 was scheduled to launch on a Taurus XL in February 2013, but NASA rescinded Orbital’s launch contract for the mission earlier this year. SMAP, which had been slated to fly in late 2014, is a candidate for an Atlas 5 or Falcon 9 launch. However, the NASA Office of Inspector General urged the agency to consider launching the spacecraft on an Orbital Sciences-provided Minotaur rocket, a lower-cost launcher that uses excess Peacekeeper missile stages.
The instruments onboard the two missions the Earth Science Division launched in 2011, the U.S.-Argentine Aquarius SAC-D sea surface salinity and National Polar Orbiting Environmental Satellite System Preparatory Project (NPP), are performing well, Freilich said. Aquarius, which launched in June, already is providing weekly, high-resolution salinity maps. The two NPP instruments gathering data, the Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder and Visible Imaging Radiometer Suite, are working “extraordinarily well,” Freilich said. Within two weeks, NPP’s other instruments will begin making measurements, he added.
In late 2014, NASA plans to send the Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment 3, a mission that has been stored for nearly a decade at NASA’s Langley Research Center in Hampton, Va., to the international space station. The Air Force will contract for the SAGE-3 launch. NASA also is working with the Air Force to identify a rideshare opportunity in late 2015 for the Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite-2. “We hope it goes with one of the Defense Meteorological Support Program satellites,” Freilich said. | <urn:uuid:a6148883-40f1-4189-8e0d-be18fd0139ae> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://spacenews.com/launch-costs-could-put-damper-nasa-earth-science-missions/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.946307 | 1,707 | 2.8125 | 3 |
Lowering Body’s Temperature Protects Against Damage
When a spinal cord injury occurs, there is the primary insult — the impact — which neither doctors nor patients can do anything about. But there are also secondary injuries — the damage that happens in the minutes, hours, days and weeks after the primary injury.
Dalton Dietrich III, Ph.D., from the Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, said, “You have these Secondary Injury mechanisms that lead to progression of damage and that’s where we are working in the laboratory to develop new strategies, new drugs, new therapies to target that secondary injury.”
A new treatment for spinal cord injuries is under study at the Miami Project to Cure Paralysis.
Doctors are running icy cold saline through the bodies of newly injured patients to lower their body temperature to about 92 degrees for two days immediately after their injury.
In animal studies, Dr. Dietrich said, “We found that if you lowered temperature of the spinal cord after injury, we could actually improve Motor function. The rats walked better. Also, if you looked at the pathology of the spinal cord, there was preserved tissue.”
It was promising enough to try in humans. The first human patient was “cooled” in January 2006. Several more patients have received the treatment since in an experimental study.
Dr. Dietrich said, “So far it looks like it’s safe. We’ve gotten some good results. It appears to limit secondary injuries that can lead to progression. [Spinal cooling] does a lot of good things. Cooling a patient a couple degrees seems to work very, very well.”
Dr. Dietrich says the earlier the treatment is started after the initial injury, it’s likely the results will be better. He attributes the impact of Hypothermia to its ability to affect multiple injury mechanisms, rather than targeting just one as drugs so often do.
“You actually need a combination therapy … to actually stop cells from dying and that’s what hypothermia does. It targets multiple injury mechanisms and leads to long term protection. It protects those axons running up and down the spinal cord, which is extremely important in having the brain talk to your muscles and vice versa,” Dr. Dietrich said.
He emphasizes that it is important to not cool the body too much. There is a very distinct temperature that needs to be reached for the procedure to be safe and effective. Cooling the body too much can cause side effects like cardiac arrhythmias and infection.
Dietrich says, “If you can limit those secondary injuries, you can turn a complete injury possibly into an Incomplete Injury and there you have the best chance with that Rehabilitation strategy to now regain significant walking function, sensory function and other consequences associated with spinal cord injuries.”
The technique is still under study in Miami.
Additional Resource: The Miami Project http://www.themiamiproject.org (800) STAND-UP — (800) 782-6387
Copyright 2008 by TheDenverChannel.com. All rights reserved. | <urn:uuid:040ca158-a96f-4608-b258-5b298259ee90> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://spinalcordinjuryzone.com/news/2003/running-icy-cold-saline-shown-to-prevent-paralysis-among-spinal-cord-injuries?amp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.95309 | 651 | 3.40625 | 3 |
The well-being of a society is what everyone wishes. Whether it’s about distributing resources, having a good economic impact, providing employment opportunities in the labour market or fighting against hunger, we wish for a fair system. A system where no one faces adversity but enjoys happiness. Today’s class difference, where the rich are becoming more wealthy and the poor are going below the poverty line, demands a fair solution.
A report, “Enhancing Wellbeing and Equality: Welfare Economics and Effective Social Policies”, published in the Open Access Government on 25 October 2023, highlights the importance of welfare and well-being in society. The Australian Institute of Health and Welfare says that providing help to a person in a time of need can boost his well-being in society. It includes disability services, unemployment support, aged care services, child protection services and benefits, social housing, etc.
Another report published in Kashmir Readers on 5 November 2023 credits Amartya Sen, an economics pioneer. He challenged the traditional concept of considering wealth and income as a primary source of wellness. However, he also played a crucial role in the Human Development Index (HDI). His unique speciality changed the global conversation on entrepreneurial economic development and human welfare.
So, we need to comprehend employment economics and make a better plan for sustainable solutions and vanishing inequality in society. In this effort, the contribution of institutions can’t be denied. They can better prepare to implement what we will teach them in the real world.
Research activities can bolster analysis, evaluation, estimation and implementation. For this purpose, writing a welfare economics dissertation seems an ultimate need. A brilliant economics student can write it effectively with guidance or a supervisor’s help. However, if other tasks surround you and you intend to have perfect writing, getting assistance from UK-based dissertation writing services can do the job for you.
What Is Welfare Economics?
This field of economics is concerned with the overall well-being of society. It focuses on the way government can improve the living standards of society. For this purpose, there is an allocation of goods and resources to meet consumer demand.
According to Wikipedia,
“Welfare economics is a field that applies a microeconomics approach to evaluate a society’s overall well-being (welfare). This evaluation is typically done at the economy-wide level and attempts to assess the distribution of resources and opportunities among members of society.”
Following is the graphical representation by Statista showing forecasted United Kingdom government spending on welfare benefits from the fiscal year 2017/18 to the fiscal year 2023/24. The expenditure was expected to grow to 41.7 billion British pounds during this time.
How To Write A Welfare Economics Dissertation?
Whether you are about to complete your doctorate or pass graduation this year, all you need is to write a dissertation on welfare economics, The more organised and effective it would be, the better you can present your findings to the world.
The welfare economics dissertations are the original piece of paper written by the researcher and then, after evaluation, approved by the committee. Starting the writing process can be complex, especially when you have distorted ideas and thoughts. Perhaps it is easy to perform research activities, but when you write it in an organised manner, that is where your real test is.
A good student can write it with some help, but for a perfect task to be done, dissertation services can help you. They are experts in their field, having years of relevant experience to do it up to the mark.
“Writing has been an important exercise to clarify what I believe, what I see, what I care about, and what my deepest values are. Converting a jumble of thoughts into coherent sentences makes you ask tougher questions.” Barack Obama
The following guide can help you to write a fine piece of dissertation.
1. Topic Selection
You may consider it an easy step in welfare economics dissertation writing, but it’s where the whole building stands straight. If you make the mistake of generating welfare economics dissertation ideas, you will be reaping them throughout your journey.
International Journal of Doctorate Studies describes some techniques a researcher can use to develop a critical idea for research.
- Brainstorming your ideas about dissertation topics on economics. Write down your thoughts if it’s messy and confusing. After that, select the best out of it.
- Try to think out of the box. Think other than discipline to have a multidisciplinary approach.
- If you are able to comprehend your research idea to the layman (a person not relevant to your field), it sounds more logical. You may explain real-life scenarios to him to highlight the problem and what you will contribute after the research.
- Talk about your idea as much as you can. It will make a cohesive packaging of your random thoughts.
2. Research Activities
This is the basic millstone for which you will struggle to write a complex document. Your research supervisor will be a true companion during your journey of dissertation for welfare economics. Visit him frequently, report progress, revise, review the literature and develop your original findings.
The Sage Journals reports a case study in UK universities to understand the extent to which libraries are involved in research data management. The results showed they offered the highest activity levels in large, research-intensive institutions.
3. A Comprehensive Literature Review
You must read countless previous publications in your field of interest. This will give you an idea of what has been done previously.
Sage Journals highlights the importance of literature review, calling it a “vital scientific function”. In comparison to empirical reports, literature reviews can address more abstract questions. It can help make your null hypothesis stronger, and you can use your methodological diversity better.
4. Consider Welfare Economics Dissertation Examples
Starting from scratch can be a tricky task. But it can be done easily if you review previously existing welfare economics dissertation samples. As a result, it will give you an idea about the welfare economics dissertation structure, formatting, length, paragraph placement, etc. It will also tell about the ethical standards for conducting research activities in your domain.
According to the World Health Organization, in order to protect the dignity and rights of research participants, it is important to stick to moral standards.
5. Introduction, Body Paragraphs, And Conclusion
The introduction will describe the scope of your field and how new interventions added precious knowledge to it. If some of the points were later included in your project, you would revise the introduction.
In the Kufa Journal For Veterinary Medical Science, the introduction chapter must be clear and justify the importance of your research work. It links the work to the previous research.
The body paragraphs must start with the topic sentence. The paragraph length should not be too long so that the reader gets bored out of it. And finally, the presentation of findings in conclusion. You must add a discussion section to acknowledge the findings and errors in previous data.
6. Power of Proofreading
No matter how much you have learned and mastered in your field, you still need help from your peer group. It may be your supervisor’s or senior. They can better recommend some changes depending on your research progress. After completion of writing, proofreading will eliminate the writing error.
Anyone who wishes that prosperity should prevail all around the globe is a keen believer in equality. Equality for the fair distribution of resources, the fight against hunger, and a sustainable system that cares for the poor the same as they care for the rich. Here, we can achieve the goal by supporting welfare economic practices.
With the direct involvement of authorities in improving living standards, goals can be accomplished soon. In this case, a welfare economics dissertation by research students can also be helpful in producing better plans.
A good economics student can write it easily using the above-mentioned guide. But if you have to deal with other tasks, get help from dissertation writing services. There are various companies, such as The Academic Papers UK, where welfare economics dissertation writers can provide customised solutions to your needs. All you need to do is to be in touch with the writer so that you can explain your needs. Consequently, they can better translate it on paper. | <urn:uuid:9abd6ee9-43e3-49e1-837b-9818a72a17af> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://starsfact.com/the-welfare-economics-dissertation-a-comprehensive-writing-companion/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.933953 | 1,695 | 3.0625 | 3 |
This week we have been learning about the Jewish religion. In particular, we have learned about the Synagogue and important features of it.
We looked at the BBC clips on the links below. Please encourage your child to talk about what they have been learning.
Please continue to reinforce the homophones from last week’s post. Some children who are in a spelling intervention group have brought a sheet home to practise what they have been doing in the group sessions.
Some of the children have started to complete maths tests like the ones attached below. They allow me to identify the areas of maths I need to work on with individual children. Level 2 is the easier test and level 3 is the harder one. Level 2/3 has features of both tests. Sometimes the children can complete the maths required to answer a question, but they don’t know what the question is asking them to do. Please talk through some of the questions with your child so they will be familiar with the vocabulary and style of question when they complete the tests in school. I don’t expect the children to be able to answer all the questions correctly. Our aim is that however many questions they answer correctly on the first attempt, they can beat their score on the next test. In previous years, most children have enjoyed completing the tests and they try hard to beat their previous score. | <urn:uuid:53197ccd-2b43-4b10-95ad-31cce5030523> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://stwilfridssheffield.co.uk/homework-15-11-13/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.970424 | 277 | 3.84375 | 4 |
This is also known as the ternary operator. This operator has three expressions—testExpression, ifTrueExpression, and ifFalseExpression. It looks like this:
testExpression ? ifTrueExpression : ifFalseExpression
In this expression, testExpression is evaluated. If the testExpression result is true, or nonzero, then ifTrueExpression is evaluated and its result becomes the expression result. If the testExpression result is false, or exactly zero, then ifFalseExpression is evaluated and its result becomes the expression result. Either ifTrueExpression is evaluated or ifFalseExpression is evaluated—never both.
This operator is useful in odd places, such as setting switches, building string values, and printing out various messages. In the following example, we'll use it to add pluralization to a word if it makes sense in the text string:
printf( "Length = %d meter%c\n" , len, len... | <urn:uuid:f8ad79a0-2037-4157-8f87-bc9e0b2a5a02> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://subscription.packtpub.com/book/programming/9781789349917/6/ch06lvl1sec86/the-conditional-operator | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.883692 | 204 | 3.546875 | 4 |
Folic acid is a B vitamin that every cell in your body needs for normal growth and development. It helps your body make red blood cells that carry oxygen from your lungs to all parts of your body.
Taking folic acid before and during early pregnancy can help prevent birth defects of the brain and spine called neural tube defects (also called NTDs). The neural tube is the part of a developing baby that becomes the brain and spinal cord. NTDs happen in the first month of pregnancy, before you may know that you’re pregnant. This is why it’s important to have enough folic acid in your body before you get pregnant.
Why do I need folic acid before and during pregnancy?
If you’re pregnant or might become pregnant, it’s critically important to get enough folic acid because it helps prevent neural tube defects (NTDs), such as spina bifida (which affects the spinal cord) and anencephaly (which affects the brain). The neural tube is the part of the embryo from which your baby’s spine and brain develop.
Neural tube defects occur in the earliest weeks of pregnancy – before many women even know they’re pregnant. That’s why it’s important to begin taking folic acid before you start trying to conceive.
According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), NTDs affect about 3,000 pregnancies a year in the United States. But women who take the recommended daily dose of folic acid starting at least one month before conception and during the first trimester of pregnancy can reduce their baby’s risk of neural tube defects by up to 70 percent.
Getting enough folic acid is also essential to the rapid cell growth of the placenta and your developing baby. Some research suggests that folic acid also may help lower your baby’s risk of other defects, such as cleft lip, cleft palate, and certain types of heart defects.
How much folic acid do you need?
Here’s what you need to know about taking folic acid to prevent NTDs:
To help prevent NTDs in your baby, before pregnancy take a vitamin supplement with 400 mcg of folic acid every day. A supplement is a product you take to make up for certain nutrients that you don’t get enough of in the foods you eat. Start taking 400 mcg of folic acid each day at least 1 month before pregnancy through the first 12 weeks of pregnancy. Your folic acid supplement can be:
- A multivitamin. This is a pill that contains many vitamins and other nutrients that help your body stay healthy.
- A prenatal vitamin. This is a multivitamin that has the nutrients you need during pregnancy. Your health care provider may give you a prescription for prenatal vitamins, or you can get them over the counter without a prescription
- Take a vitamin supplement with 400 mcg of folic acid each day, even if you’re not trying to get pregnant.
- During pregnancy, take a prenatal vitamin each day that has 600 mcg of folic acid in it. Folic acid only works to prevent NTDs before and during the first few weeks of pregnancy. Later in pregnancy, you need 600 mcg of folic acid each day to help your baby grow and develop.
Folate in your Diet
Many foods are naturally rich in folate. But note that folate is water-soluble and is easily destroyed by cooking. Vegetables are best lightly cooked or even eaten raw. Cooking by microwave or steaming is best.
The following are good sources of natural folate:
- Vegetables like broccoli, brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower, English spinach, green beans, lettuce, mushrooms, parsnip, sweet corn, and zucchini.
- Fruit like avocado, grapefruit, and orange
- Legumes like chickpeas, soya beans, lima beans, red kidney beans, lentils, and haricot beans
- Juices like many apple and orange juices | <urn:uuid:16dc8ee7-0444-450a-a400-a83a09697f33> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://suggestive.mobi/p/health/folic-acid-and-why-is-it-so-important-during-pregnancy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.943822 | 848 | 3.421875 | 3 |
This article applies to:
Experiment Author: Psychology Software Tools, Inc.
The Lexical Decision Task involves measuring how quickly participants classify stimuli as words or nonwords.
This experiment is a basic Lexical Decision Task where participants have to accurately distinguish between words (e.g., cat) and nonwords (e.g., jop). After a brief set of practice trials, participants complete 30 real trials.
NOTE: Versions with Keyboard and Chronos input are attached.
Watch the following video to see how this task was made: Lexical Decision. | <urn:uuid:86f4b436-3666-4190-9039-407a200aefcb> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://support.pstnet.com/hc/en-us/articles/115000383647-Lexical-Decision-Task-30135- | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.882473 | 116 | 3.140625 | 3 |
Dragons have long captured the imagination of people around the world. These magnificent creatures have been depicted in myths, legends, and folklore from various cultures. But have you ever wondered about the origin of the word ‘dragon’ and its significance? In this article, we will delve into the fascinating history and meanings behind the word ‘dragon’, shedding light on the myths and stories that have shaped our understanding of these mythical beasts.
The word ‘dragon’ derives from the ancient Greek word ‘drákōn’, which means “serpent” or “snake”. However, dragons are not limited to Greek mythology alone. They appear in the folklore of countless other cultures, each with their own unique interpretations and characteristics. Whether they are considered fearsome monsters or wise protectors, dragons continue to captivate our imagination. Join us on a journey as we uncover the rich history and symbolism behind these legendary creatures.
What is the Origin of the Word “Dragon”?
The word “dragon” has a long and fascinating history, stretching back to ancient times. The exact origin of the word is uncertain, but it is believed to have been derived from the ancient Greek word “drakon,” which means “serpent” or “snake.” In Greek mythology, dragons were often depicted as giant serpents with wings and a fiery breath.
The concept of dragons can be found in various mythologies and folklore from around the world. In Chinese mythology, dragons are revered as powerful and benevolent creatures associated with good luck and prosperity. In European folklore, dragons are often portrayed as fearsome and dangerous creatures that hoard treasure and breathe fire.
The word “dragon” has also been used metaphorically to describe powerful or mythical beings in literature and popular culture. In fantasy novels and movies, dragons are often depicted as majestic and noble creatures that play key roles in epic adventures.
Overall, the word “dragon” has a rich and diverse history, reflecting the different cultural interpretations and beliefs surrounding these mythical creatures.
Dragons in Mythology and Folklore
Dragons are a common feature in mythologies and folklores from around the world. In different cultures, dragons can symbolize a variety of things, including power, wisdom, protection, and destruction. Here are some notable examples of dragons in various mythologies:
- Chinese Dragons: In Chinese mythology, dragons are seen as benevolent creatures associated with rain and water. They are believed to bring good luck and are often depicted with serpentine bodies and scaled wings.
- European Dragons: In European folklore, dragons are often depicted as fearsome creatures that hoard treasure and breathe fire. They are typically depicted with wings, sharp claws, and a long serpentine body.
- Norse Dragons: In Norse mythology, dragons are often associated with chaos and destruction. They are portrayed as powerful creatures that must be defeated by heroes in order to restore balance.
- Japanese Dragons: In Japanese mythology, dragons are seen as symbolizing wisdom, power, and transformation. They are often depicted with long, snake-like bodies and are associated with natural forces such as rain and rivers.
- Mayan Dragons: In Mayan mythology, dragons are associated with the feathered serpent god, Quetzalcoatl. They are often depicted as a combination of a serpent and a bird, representing the duality of life and death.
These are just a few examples of the diverse cultural interpretations of dragons throughout history. The symbolism and characteristics of dragons can vary greatly depending on the culture and context in which they are found.
Cultural Interpretations of Dragons
Dragons have been interpreted in various ways across different cultures and time periods. Here are some examples of how dragons have been perceived in different cultural contexts:
- Egyptian Mythology: In ancient Egypt, dragons were seen as protective creatures associated with the sun god, Ra. They were thought to guard the gates of the underworld and protect the pharaoh in the afterlife.
- Chinese Mythology: In Chinese culture, dragons are considered to be powerful and benevolent creatures. They are associated with good luck, wisdom, and fertility. Dragons are often depicted in art, literature, and celebrations, such as the Chinese New Year.
- European Folklore: In European folklore, dragons are often portrayed as ferocious beasts that terrorize villages and hoard treasure. They are often depicted as obstacles that heroes must overcome to prove their bravery and skill.
- Native American Legends: Various Native American tribes have their own legends and stories about dragons or dragon-like creatures. These creatures often symbolize the power of nature and are associated with creation and destruction.
These are just a few examples of the cultural interpretations of dragons. The specific characteristics and symbolism of dragons can vary widely depending on the cultural context and the specific myth or legend.
The Historical Significance of Dragons
Dragons have played a significant role throughout history, influencing various aspects of human culture and society. Here are some ways in which dragons have had historical significance:
- Symbol of Power: Dragons have often been associated with power and authority. In many cultures, they have been depicted as creatures that rulers and leaders aspire to emulate, symbolizing their strength and dominance.
- Symbol of Wisdom: Dragons are often seen as wise and knowledgeable creatures in many myths and legends. They are often associated with ancient wisdom and are believed to possess great knowledge and understanding.
- Decoration and Art: Dragons have been a popular motif in art and architecture throughout history. They can be found in various forms, such as statues, carvings, and paintings, adorning buildings, temples, and other structures.
- Exploration and Discovery: Dragons have been used to represent the unknown and unexplored. In ancient maps, regions that were not yet explored were often marked with illustrations of dragons, symbolizing the mysterious and dangerous nature of these uncharted territories.
Dragons have left a lasting impact on human culture and continue to be a source of fascination and inspiration in various forms of media, including literature, film, and art. Their mythical status and the symbolism they carry have made dragons an enduring part of human history.
Dragons in Mythology and Folklore
Dragons have been a prominent figure in mythology and folklore throughout history. Almost every civilization and culture has its own version of the dragon, each with unique attributes and symbolism. Here is a closer look at the dragons in mythology and folklore:
The Eastern Dragon
In Eastern mythology, dragons are revered creatures symbolizing power, wisdom, and good luck. They are often associated with the elements and are believed to control the weather, bring rain, and protect against evil spirits. Eastern dragons are typically depicted as serpentine creatures with long bodies, scales, and no wings.
The Western Dragon
In Western mythology, dragons are often portrayed as fearsome and dangerous creatures, representing chaos and destruction. They are known for their reptilian appearance, fiery breath, and ability to fly. Western dragons are usually depicted with wings, sharp claws, and large jaws. They are often guardians of treasure or villains that need to be defeated by heroes.
Dragons in Ancient Mythologies
Dragons can also be found in ancient mythologies around the world. In Norse mythology, the dragon Nidhogg is believed to live at the base of the World Tree and gnaw on its roots. In Greek myth, the dragon Ladon guarded the golden apples in the Garden of the Hesperides. Dragons in Chinese mythology are often associated with the emperor and the imperial family.
Symbolism and Interpretations
The symbolism of dragons varies across different cultures. They can represent strength, power, protection, and wisdom. In some myths, dragons are seen as symbols of transformation or rebirth. They can also embody primal forces of nature and the unconscious mind. Dragons often feature in heroic tales, where they must be slain or overcome to achieve victory.
The myths and legends surrounding dragons have captivated the human imagination for centuries. They continue to be a popular theme in literature, art, and popular culture to this day. In the next section, we will explore the cultural interpretations of dragons and their significance in different societies.
Cultural Interpretations of Dragons
Dragons have captured the imaginations of people across cultures and have been interpreted in various ways throughout history. These mythical creatures hold different meanings and symbolisms, depending on the cultural context. Here, we will explore some of the cultural interpretations of dragons.
East Asian Dragons
In East Asian cultures, such as China, Japan, and Korea, dragons are revered and considered to be benevolent creatures. They are associated with strength, wisdom, and good fortune. East Asian dragons are often depicted as serpentine creatures with long bodies, scaly skin, and the ability to control water, weather, and other natural elements. They are believed to bring rain for successful harvests and are seen as protectors of people and guardians of sacred sites.
In European folklore, dragons are often portrayed as fearsome and malevolent creatures. They are depicted as fire-breathing beasts with wings, sharp claws, and a reptilian appearance. European dragons are typically associated with greed, destruction, and chaos. They are often depicted as villains in fairy tales and legends, requiring heroes to overcome their power. In some European cultures, dragons are seen as a symbol of strength and power, while in others, they represent evil and danger.
In Mesoamerican cultures, such as the Aztecs and Mayans, dragons are depicted in various forms and hold different meanings. For example, the Aztecs believed in a winged serpent deity known as Quetzalcoatl, who was a benevolent god associated with creation, knowledge, and wind. The Mayans, on the other hand, revered a dragon-like creature called Kukulkan, who was associated with water, fertility, and rebirth. In Mesoamerican cultures, dragons often symbolize a connection between the earthly and spiritual realms.
In African mythology, dragons are often associated with water and are seen as powerful, sacred beings. They are believed to possess wisdom, healing abilities, and prophetic visions. African dragons are often depicted as serpents or snake-like creatures with multiple heads and can be both benevolent and malevolent. They are seen as guardians of sacred sites, protectors of nature, and bringers of both rain and drought, depending on their mood or intentions.
Dragons in Modern Culture
Dragons continue to capture the imagination in modern times and have become popular elements in literature, movies, and games. They are often portrayed as powerful and majestic creatures with various abilities and attributes. In these interpretations, dragons can represent themes such as power, adventure, heroism, and the battle between good and evil.
These are just a few examples of the diverse cultural interpretations of dragons. Across different cultures, dragons hold a significant place in mythology and folklore, representing a wide range of meanings, symbolisms, and beliefs.
The Historical Significance of Dragons
Dragons have played a significant role in various cultures and mythologies throughout history. These mythical creatures have captivated the human imagination and have been the subject of countless legends, stories, and works of art. Understanding the historical significance of dragons can provide insight into their enduring popularity and the ways in which they have been interpreted and represented across different societies.
- Dragons in Ancient Civilizations: Dragons can be traced back to ancient civilizations such as Egypt, Mesopotamia, and China. In these cultures, dragons often symbolized power, wisdom, and protection. They were revered as divine or celestial beings and were associated with gods and rulers.
- Dragons in European Folklore: In European folklore, dragons took on a more sinister role. Often depicted as creatures of destruction and chaos, they were seen as dangerous beasts to be feared and defeated by heroic knights. These dragons represented the forces of evil and were often associated with greed, destruction, and temptation.
- Dragons in Eastern Cultures: Dragons hold a special place in the mythology and folklore of Eastern cultures, particularly in China and Japan. Here, dragons are considered benevolent creatures associated with good fortune, strength, and prosperity. They are often depicted as wise and noble beings that bring blessings and protection.
- Dragons in Religion and Spirituality: Dragons have also been incorporated into various religious and spiritual beliefs. In some cultures, they are seen as guardians or spirit guides, offering guidance and protection. In others, dragons have been associated with creation and the cycle of life.
- Dragons in Modern Pop Culture: Dragons continue to captivate popular culture, appearing in literature, films, and video games. They are often portrayed as powerful creatures with distinct personalities and abilities. While their historical significance may vary in modern interpretations, dragons remain beloved and iconic characters.
The historical significance of dragons spans across cultures and time periods, reflecting the universal fascination with these mythical creatures. Whether feared or revered, dragons continue to inspire and captivate us with their timeless allure.
The origin of the word “dragon” is deeply rooted in mythology and history. From ancient civilizations to modern cultures, dragons have held a significant place in folklore and storytelling. They have been seen as powerful and mystical creatures, embodying both fear and fascination.
While the exact origins of the word “dragon” may be debated, its presence in various cultures around the world is undeniable. Whether seen as guardian figures, symbols of luck and prosperity, or representations of chaos and destruction, dragons continue to captivate our imagination.
So the next time you come across a dragon in a story, a painting, or even a tattoo, remember the rich history and meaning behind these mythical creatures.
Embrace their power and mystery, and let them inspire you to explore the realms of myth and history. | <urn:uuid:b7416d05-f20c-4dad-969e-ecf29b80121f> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://symbolgenie.com/origin-of-the-word-dragon/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.963064 | 2,823 | 2.90625 | 3 |
Cloud computing is a technology that enables the delivery of computing resources, such as data storage, processing power, and applications, over the internet on a pay-per-use basis. It provides a flexible, scalable, and cost-effective alternative to traditional IT infrastructures.
What is Cloud Computing?
Cloud computing is a model for delivering information technology resources and services over the internet. Instead of having IT resources in your local data center or on individual devices, cloud computing allows you to access them over the internet.
Types of cloud computing:
There are three main types of cloud computing: Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Software as a Service (SaaS).
Benefits of cloud computing:
Some of the benefits of cloud computing include reduced IT costs, improved scalability and flexibility, increased collaboration and productivity, enhanced data security, and reduced environmental impact.
Importance of cloud computing in the current scenario:
With the increasing demand for remote work and digital transformation, cloud computing has become a crucial technology for businesses and organizations of all sizes. It allows them to quickly respond to changing demands and capitalize on new opportunities.
Optimizing Cloud Performance
In order to deliver optimal user experience, it is essential to optimize the performance of cloud applications. Poor performance can lead to increased latency, lower user satisfaction, and decreased revenue. Some of the factors affecting cloud performance include network speed, data center location, server hardware, and application design. There are several methods for optimizing cloud performance, including using CDN (Content Delivery Network), using a load balancer, optimizing database queries, and using caching. FPS Unlocker is usable in cloud gaming, video rendering, and other visual applications to increase the frame rate and enhance the user experience.
Overview of the performance optimization tools – TG Macro and FPS Unlocker:
TG Macro and FPS Unlocker are two popular cloud performance optimization tools that help improve the speed, efficiency, and reliability of cloud applications. TGMacro work by automating repetitive tasks, optimizing resource allocation, and increasing the number of frames per second that are in a cloud environment.
TG Macro and FPS Unlocker Integration
Explanation of how TG Macro and FPS Unlocker work together:
TG Macro and FPS Unlocker can provide a comprehensive solution for optimizing cloud performance. TG Macro automates repetitive tasks and RBX FPS Unlocker increases the number of frames per second. This combination results in improved efficiency increased productivity and enhanced visual quality.
Benefits of integrating TG Macro and FPS Unlocker for cloud performance optimization:
The integration of TG Macro and FPS Unlocker can result in improved automation, reduced latency, and increased frame rate.
Best practices for using TG Macro and FPS Unlocker together:
To achieve the best results with TG Macro and FPS Unlocker, it is important to regularly monitor performance, adjust settings as needed, and ensure that the tools are properly in configuration.
This article provided an overview of cloud computing, performance optimization, and the tools TG Macro and FPS Unlocker. It discussed the benefits and use cases of these tools and the best practices for integrating them for optimal cloud performance. Cloud performance optimization is critical for delivering a positive user experience, improving efficiency, and maximizing revenue.
Future of cloud performance optimization with TG Macro and FPS Unlocker: As cloud computing continues to grow in popularity, tools such as TG Macro and FPS Unlocker will play an increasingly important role in optimizing cloud performance and delivering enhanced user experiences. In conclusion, businesses and organizations should consider using tools such as TG Macro and FPS Unlocker to optimize their cloud performance and stay ahead of the competition. It is important to regularly monitor performance and adjust settings as needed to ensure optimal results. | <urn:uuid:4232babe-7a7b-4496-a796-6a9ba3fe4f4f> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://thebillionairepost.com/optimize-cloud-performance-with-tg-macro-and-fps-unlocker/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.899558 | 759 | 3.25 | 3 |
Why the US may not always be able to lead global economic rescue efforts.
Digital bank runs are a new threat to financial stability.
The failure of Silicon Valley Bank has exposed gaps in financial regulation that could be tricky to fill.
The Fed raised rates by a quarter-point – less aggressive than had been expected before the current banking crisis, but signaling inflation is still its focus.
Confidence in banking is hard-earned and easily shocked. This makes individual banks and the banking sector susceptible to knock-on effects from other institutions.
There are two types of systemic risk that can infect the highly interconnected global banking system.
The chances of any bank in Australia or New Zealand following the trajectory of Silicon Valley Bank and Credit Suisse is effectively zero.
Companies benefit from certain internal environmental and social checks and balances, particularly when it comes to preventing a tumble in their share price.
The failure of Silicon Valley Bank has raised questions about some of the consequences when the government steps in to protect the depositors of troubled banks.
The banking crisis has been caused by the interest rate rises, and further hikes were supposed to be a no no.
The Fed, Treasury and FDIC acted swiftly to protect depositors and stem any panic, but anxiety continues to grow about the state of the global financial system. | <urn:uuid:33192be6-f4a4-420f-8444-5a582c14f12d> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://theconversation.com/us/topics/credit-suisse-135644 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.955507 | 265 | 2.71875 | 3 |
By Jillian Levy, CHHC
Many adults suffer from gallbladder problems during middle or late adulthood, especially women — who develop gallstones much more than men do — and cholecystectomy, surgery to remove the gallbladder, is one of the most common operations performed on adults in the United States every year. Yet it’s common for even those who have gallbladder issues to be a bit unsure of what the gallbladder does exactly and that a gallbladder diet can help prevent and treat certain issues.
The gallbladder is a little pear-shaped pouch tucked behind the lobes of the liver. Its main job is to store up the cholesterol-rich bile that’s secreted by the liver, which then helps the body digest fats and lipids within the diet.
Of all the people who experience some sort of gallbladder trouble in their lifetimes, roughly 70 percent of the time that trouble is in the form of gallstones, which form when bile contains excessive amounts of cholesterol.
A variety of problems can occur in the gallbladder in addition to the formation of gallbladder stones, such as the development of gallbladder inflammation (called cholecystitis). What types of factors contribute to gallbladder diseases or emergencies? These can include obesity, eating a poor diet that contributes to nutrient deficiencies, rapid weight loss, taking oral contraceptives (birth control pills), food allergies and certain genetic factors.
Some of the warning signs that you may have a gallbladder problem can include pain and signs of swelling around the gallbladder or frequently having digestive problems due to poor absorption of fats. Treatments that can help naturally prevent or resolve gallbladder issues, and very importantly don’t require surgery, include:
- eating an anti-inflammatory gallbladder diet
- avoiding refined fats and allergen foods
- doing a gallbladder flush to resolve painful stones
- supplementing with anti-inflammatory herbs and enzymes as part of a gallbladder diet
Gallbladder Diet and Other Natural Treatments
1. Follow a Gallbladder Diet
The foods below can help reduce gallbladder distress because overall they’re easier for the body to digest, contain only natural fats and supply important nutrients, like antioxidants and fiber:
- High-fiber foods — Aim for 30–40 grams of fiber per day, which can help reduce the risk of gallstones. Good sources of fiber that support digestion are soaked/sprouted beans and legumes, nuts, seeds along with fresh veggies and fruit.
- Beets, artichoke and dandelion greens — These vegetables especially help support liver health with detoxifying effects and can improve bile flow, which breaks down fat. You can also consume more fresh produce from making your own vegetable juices or smoothies. Try to add potassium-rich foods like avocado, leafy greens, tomato, sweet potato and bananas.
- Unrefined healthy fats (including olive or coconut oil) — Coconut oil contains one of the easiest forms of fat for the body to digest, called medium-chained fatty acids. I recommend consuming healthy fats in small amounts over the course of the day, only about one tablespoon of oil at one time or about two tablespoons of sprouted nuts and seeds. This is because you don’t want to overconsume fats, which puts more stress on the liver and gallbladder. Extra virgin olive oil is another anti-inflammatory fat with many benefits.
- Sprouted nuts and seeds — Sprouted flax, chia, hemp and pumpkin seeds are easier to digest and can reduce inflammation, but only consume one to two tablespoons of sprouted nuts and seeds at a time.
- A diet high in plants, including raw foods — People who eat a gallbladder diet high in raw plants like fruits, vegetables, nuts and seeds tend to have lower occurrence of gallstones. These foods are naturally high in water, electrolytes, antioxidants and fiber but low in salt and fats. Consuming a vegetarian diet is also associated with decreased gallstone risk, as is avoiding processed meats or allergenic dairy foods.
- Lean protein foods — Including lean sources of organic protein in a gallbladder diet can relieve stress. Consider chicken, turkey, grass-fed beef, bison, wild-caught fish and organic protein powder, including protein from bone broth powder.
On the other hand, gallbladder problem foods to avoid on a gallbladder diet include:
- Fried foods and hydrogenated oils — Fast foods, processed oils, and fatty packaged meats or cheese can be some of the hardest foods to properly digest. To cut the amount of unhealthy fats in your diet, reduce intake of lunch/deli meats, convenience foods like chips or cookies, salami and other cured meats, pork products, processed dairy, and conventional, grain-fed animal meat.
- Sugar and simple carbohydrates — Sugar can increase the likelihood the gallstones due to weight gain and inflammation.
- Foods you might be allergic to — Gallbladder problems are potentially related to food allergies. Potential allergens include dairy products, gluten, shellfish, peanuts or nightshade vegetables.
- Conventional dairy products — These foods are pro-inflammatory and can cause your body to produce more gallstones. This includes cheese, ice cream, pizza, etc.
- High-fat meals — It’s been found that gallbladder attacks often follow heavy meals, and they usually occur in the evening or during the night. Any food high in fat can potentially worsen gallbladder issues, especially unhealthy fat. This applies most to refined vegetable oils (like sunflower, safflower, canola, corn, etc.) but can also include even healthy vegetables oils like olive oil in some cases — or even things like almond butter. While having some healthy fats is important, portion control is key. If symptoms become worse when eating even healthy fats, further reduce how much you have at one time, or try another type of fat instead.
2. Use Gallbladder Herbs, Acids and Enzymes
In addition to changing your diet, here are other natural gallbladder supplements to reduce pain and inflammation that should coincide with a gallbladder diet:
- Milk thistle (150 milligrams twice daily) — It’s been shown that milk thistle increases bile flow and aids the liver and gallbladder in detoxification. Research has found that milk thistle is a natural hepatoprotective and works in some of the following ways: It has antioxidant activity, is a toxin blockade at the membrane level, enhances protein synthesis, has antifibrotic activity, and is also capable of producing anti-inflammatory or immunomodulating effects.
- Lipase enzymes (two caps with meals) — This enzyme can offer improvements in fat digestion and the use of bile.
- Bile salts or ox bile (500–1,000 milligrams with meals) — Bile salts and ox bile might help improve the breakdown of fats and can greatly improve gallbladder distress.
- Turmeric (1,000 milligrams daily) — Turmeric and its most active compound, curcumin, have anti-inflammatory properties that can help reduce gallbladder swelling and improve bile flow.
- Dandelion root (500 milligrams with meals) — Dandelion has been used for centuries to improve multiple digestive processes, support health of the liver and regulate use of bile.
- Barberry — This plant extract may help treat gastrointestinal troubles, fight infections, and cleanse the liver and gallbladder.
- Rosemary oil — Mix three drops of rosemary oil with quarter teaspoon of coconut oil and rub over gallbladder area twice daily to help with cleansing and reduce inflammation.
3. Maintain a Healthy Weight without “Crash Dieting”
Being overweight or obese might increase your chances of having gallbladder problems, such as gallstones. This seems to be especially true in overweight, middle-aged females due to the effects that hormonal changes (especially of estrogen) seem to have on the liver.
Obesity has been shown to contribute to higher levels of cholesterol in the liver and can contribute to many different digestive dysfunctions.
Research also shows that people who don’t maintain healthy weight might experience more inflammation and swelling within the gallbladder, especially if they have large amounts of fat around their waists, called visceral fat. Tips for safely reaching and staying at a healthy weight (without over-stressing the digestive organs due to “crash dieting”) include:
- Avoiding “yo-yo dieting” (gaining and losing over and over again). Most yo-yo dieting is the result of fad dieting. Research shows that people who lose more than three pounds per week might have a greater chance of getting gallstones than those who lose weight more slowly and without drastic measures.
- Under-eating due to other health concerns, recovering from weight loss surgery or other reasons for rapid weight loss can also contribute to nutrient deficiencies or electrolyte imbalances that stress the liver.
- Reach a healthy weight safely by focusing on consuming more high-fiber foods as part of a gallbladder diet, drinking water in place of sweetened beverages, eating mindfully, being more active and controlling stress, which can contribute to hormone imbalances or emotional eating.
4. Exercise Regularly
Stay active throughout adulthood and even into older age to protect yourself against gallstones. This is beneficial for hormonal balance, reducing inflammation, overall digestive health and maintaining a healthy weight without needing to dramatically cut calories.
The general recommendation is 30–60 minutes of moderately intense exercise each day, plus several times per week performing strength or full-body HIIT/burst training.
5. Discuss Medications with Your Doctor
If you currently take medications, including oral contraceptives (birth control pills), hormone replacement drugs or cholesterol medications, then discuss with your doctor whether these might be contributing to your gallbladder problems. It’s been found that hormonal medications increase the body’s estrogen stores, which has an influence on cholesterol production.
Common Gallbladder Problems
Some 10 percent to 20 percent of all adults have gallstones, whether they realize it or not. One in every five adults over the age of 65 is believed to have at least one stone. Gallstones that don’t cause symptoms are called asymptomatic, or silent, gallstones.
Gallstones (cholelithiasis) are tiny, solid pieces of matter made up of things like calcium and cholesterol deposits that can stick together and become lodged inside the gallbladder. The gallbladder normally contains only liquids and is not meant to store solid matter, which is why even tiny stones rubbing inside the gallbladder can cause pain and inflammation.
When there isn’t enough bile to saturate the cholesterol, the cholesterol begins to crystallize and then forms a solid gallstone. Risk factors for developing gallstones include being a woman over 40, pregnancy or other hormonal changes, diabetes, a sedentary lifestyle, obesity, and having gallstones run in the family.
Gallbladder Inflammation (Cholecystitis)
Cholecystitis is usually caused by gallstones blocking passages leading to and from the gallbladder, resulting in bile accumulation, duct problems and sometimes tumors. Bile duct problems can contribute to gallbladder issues, but these are rare and only the cause for distress in about 1 percent of patients who need gallbladder surgery.
Some signs you might be developing gallbladder inflammation are having severe pains in your upper right abdomen, pain radiating to your right shoulder, along with nausea or a fever. The biggest risk associated with cholecystitis is the gallbladder becoming so inflamed that it ruptures — often resulting in surgery, hospitalization, and sometimes use of antibiotics and painkillers combined with several days of fasting.
It’s estimated that a whopping 750,000 surgeries are performed every year in North America alone in order to remove patients’ painful gallstones and treat cholecystitis. Surgery is needed most in the occurrence of severe gallbladder inflammation or the development of large gallstones that become very painful.
Most gallstones don’t need be removed, however, especially if they don’t cause symptoms. (Many don’t.)
Facts about gallbladder surgery:
- Because cholecystitis can happen over and over again in some patients, surgery to remove the gallbladder is sometimes a last-resort option. Following removal, the gallbladder is not actually needed for survival or digestion because bile can be made to flow into the small intestines. Therefore the gallbladder is said to be a “non-essential organ.”
- A patient having “gallbladder attack” is one reason doctors might choose to perform surgery. Usually one major attack means that more episodes will happen in the future.
- Gallbladder removal surgery is called cholecystectomy, which is performed either invasively or non-invasively. Most often surgery called laparoscopic cholecystectomy is performed using a very small camera attached to a tube that’s inserted through tiny incisions in the abdomen.
- In high-risk patients, gallbladder surgery is usually performed within 48 hours of entering the hospital. Recovery can require staying for several days at the hospital afterward.
- Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery is the newer, non-invasive way to remove the gallbladder that leaves behind less scarring and discomfort. It’s still considered an alternative way to remove the gallbladder so it’s not as widely available yet, but we can expect this to change with time.
- Any surgery poses risks for complications or side effects, but overall, research shows gallbladder surgery side effects are rare. Injuring the bile duct can sometimes occur, which causes bile to leak and possibly an infection.
- Other methods, such as ERCP, are also sometimes used by doctors to remove stones in people who cannot undergo surgery. Gallstones can be removed non-surgically with certain medications, but it’s been shown they often don’t work long term without other lifestyle changes — and often gallstones recur within five years after nonsurgical treatment.
If you wish to avoid surgery (and who doesn’t?) in overcoming your gallbladder pain, the thing to do overall is prevent gallbladder trouble in the first place. It’s also very beneficial to follow a gallbladder diet no matter what treatment option you choose, which works best when it’s consumed long term and helps prevent recurrences.
Always get your doctor’s opinion if you suspect you might have gallstones or inflammation of the gallbladder. Although it’s rare, complications can include obstruction of the common bile duct and infection or inflammation that spreads to other organs like the pancreas. These types of serious complications can affect between 10 percent to 15 percent of people with gallstones.
Look for signs, such as lots of pain and swelling, tenderness above the gallbladder, and symptoms indicating a high fever.
- Gallbladder problems are most often due to gallstones, hard particles that develop in the gallbladder due to accumulation of bile and too much cholesterol.
- Adults at the highest risk for having gallbladder problems are women over 40, those who are obese or overweight, anyone eating an unhealthy high-fat diet, people taking birth control pills or cholesterol medications, and those with a history of gallbladder issues.
- Gallstones commonly don’t require surgery or even cause any symptoms, but if inflammation of the gallbladder occurs surgery is sometimes needed.
- To help prevent gallstones, “gallbladder attacks” or the need for gallbladder surgery, it’s important to eat an anti-inflammatory gallbladder diet, maintain a healthy weight, exercise and use digestive supplements if necessary. | <urn:uuid:51f1b242-18ae-4ac1-ac6b-de125abdd043> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://thehealthcoach1.com/?p=9566 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.936051 | 3,361 | 2.578125 | 3 |
Thanks to the Internet and modern technology, young people have lots of opportunities to achieve their dreams and become successful. They’re informed, capable, driven and skilled, and should be able to shape their own futures. For example, there’s a 14-year-old working as a software engineer at SpaceX. But young people face limitations, as they’re treated like second-class citizens in today’s society.
Until eighteen, people don’t enjoy the basic rights adults have. Their rights are taken away under the guise of protection. For example, minors can’t open up a bank account in their own name; own a credit card or have a credit history; take out loans; invest; work full-time; vote in elections; own property; consent to medical treatment; and, when they travel alone, they’re considered “unaccompanied minors.” That doesn’t sound like having freedom. Even child stars in Hollywood had to fight for financial independence from their restrictive management or parents. For example, Corey Feldman, known for his roles in “Gremlins,” “The Goonies” and “Stand by Me,” said that, at 15, he filed for emancipation from his parents due to the alleged theft of his $1 million earnings from his early career.
In the past, many young people completed their formal education around 14 or 15, started working at 16 and established families at 18 in most industrialized countries. Now, most young people only finish college or university in their mid-20s. So, young people are beginning their adult lives a lot later and, thus, have less time to become wealthy and support a family.
The view that many adults have of young people, which is that they’re immature, dumb and need to be controlled, needs to be challenged. If you’re under eighteen and make your own money, it doesn’t make sense for your bank account to be under your parents’ names. Why can young people go to school for eight hours, but not work for eight hours? Policies limiting young people just because of their age are discriminatory and wrong. In dystopian books, it’s always young people who save the day. But, in real life, they’re never given the chance to have their voices heard.
On top of these restrictions, young people are expected to pay a huge 12.4% Social Security tax on their earnings (taking into account both the employer and employee portions), paying for seniors’ retirement. Retirees had their whole lives to save up money, and if they don’t have enough left to support their retirement, why should young people have to pay for their mistakes? We should be investing in the future, not the past.
Age-based restrictive laws and policies are discriminatory and should be reevaluated. How come you’re only allowed to have legal rights when you’re an “adult” at eighteen? Minors deserve to work and control their finances, too. You shouldn’t need to wait until a certain age to participate in society. Many young people are very intelligent and shouldn’t be trapped in school like a daycare baby instead of building a life for themselves. | <urn:uuid:294eab79-9107-4179-8fa3-6a22a2917e29> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://thewatchdogonline.com/op-ed-are-young-people-treated-as-second-class-citizens-in-society-35979 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.973908 | 680 | 2.734375 | 3 |
We all know how important it is for doctors and nurses to wear gloves, when treating a patient. These disposable gloves are called medical gloves; they help health care workers to restrict spreading of germs and diseases. Read on to know more about various types of medical gloves available.
Importance of wearing medical gloves while treating patients cannot be denied. Gloves act as a protective barrier that prevents spreading of contamination from patients to healthcare worker’s hand. It also helps the health sector employees to further cut down the spreading of germs and diseases to other patients.
All medical gloves are disposable, which means they must be carefully disposed in the bin after use. These gloves are differentiated on the basis of polymers which they are made of. They come powdered or unpowdered with cornstarch, which makes it easier for doctors and nurses to wear them. Following are different types of medical gloves available on market:
Medical Latex Gloves
Medical latex gloves have been the traditional and trusted choice of the health care industry for over 100 years now. The sky rocketing demand of latex gloves in the mid 1900’s happened because of increased public awareness of HIV and other risks healthcare professionals faced. Made of latex, natural rubber, these gloves have strength, comfort and dexterity. Though over a century old medical latex gloves are still unmatchable when it comes to durability, sensitivity, comfort and fitting. Though they have their own advantages, an increasing number of health care workers have complained of latex allergy.
Medical Vinyl Gloves
With reports reading that almost 17% of health care workers are affected by latex induced allergies, there is an increase in demand for medical gloves that were latex-free. This was precisely the moment when medical vinyl gloves came into foray. Replacing latex gloves with vinyl gloves has made the clinical environment safer for staff as well as patients. Today, vinyl gloves are stretchable and provide protection that is comparable to latex gloves. Made of polyvinyl chloride(PVC), these gloves ensure that standard barrier of protection is maintained. Safe to be used in normal hospital environment, medical vinyl gloves only provide protection from weak chemicals. This means that they should not be used in high-risk conditions or while handling powerful drugs. Disposable vinyl gloves are most appreciated by cost conscious facilities, because of their economical prices.
Medical Nitrile Gloves
Of late, the popularity of medical nitrile gloves has risen to become the first choice for nurses and doctors, when it comes to latex-free gloves. The big advantage Nitrile gloves have over vinyl gloves is its resilience, which allows nitrile gloves to work well in harsh, high-stress environment, thus, making them perfect for handling toxic and powerful chemicals such as chemotherapy drugs. Made from nitrile, these gloves provide excellent protection against wide range of chemicals as well as blood-borne pathogens.
If you’re unsure how or where to purchase trusted medical gloves, various medical equipment suppliers can be contacted. They will not only assist you with your queries, but will also deliver required products at your doorsteps.
The author of this article is professionally associated with DeliverNet.co.uk, a leading medical equipment supplier to the healthcare sector. DeliverNet.co.uk supplies products like medical vinyl gloves, medical trolleys and stands and drug cupboards among others. | <urn:uuid:450fa6e3-3a82-4d11-91ec-6d990aca2d95> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://toparticlesdirectory.com/different-types-of-medical-gloves/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.903269 | 677 | 3.015625 | 3 |
Have you ever wondered how turtles, tortoises, and terrapins are different from each other? These fascinating creatures all share the same taxonomic order, Testudines. In this blog post, we’ll delve into their unique physical characteristics and lifestyle preferences to help distinguish between these three species.
Read on to crack the shell of mystery surrounding these interesting reptiles!
Differences Between Turtles, Tortoises, and Terrapins
In North America, the term turtle often refers to various members of the Testudines order. Thus, North Americans often use the term ‘turtle’ for tortoises, aquatic turtles, and terrapins. In the UK, it’s used specifically for sea turtles, distinguishing them from freshwater terrapins and land tortoises. In Australia, where true tortoises (from the Testudinidae family) are absent, non-marine species were once called tortoises. However, the term “turtle” has become more common for the whole group in recent times.
Turtles, tortoises, and terrapins differ in their physical characteristics, habitat preferences, and behavior and lifestyle.
The physical characteristics of turtles, tortoises, and terrapins greatly differ from each other, which is one of the main factors that distinguish these creatures.
|Some turtles, especially sea turtles, have flipper-like limbs optimal for aquatic movement.||Tortoises, on the other hand, have short, sturdy legs suitable for wandering on land.||Terrapins have legs that allow them to move both on land and in water, and they often have webbed feet for swimming.|
|The body structure of turtles is streamlined for efficient swimming.||The body of a tortoise is heavier in comparison, designed for a terrestrial lifestyle.||Compared to a tortoise’s shell, a terrapin’s shell is flatter and advantageous for both land and aquatic movement.|
When considering the habitat preferences of turtles, tortoises, and terrapins, there are clear distinctions that help differentiate between these three kinds of chelonians.
|Turtles||Many turtles primarily live in water, with some species dwelling in either freshwater or saltwater environments.|
|Tortoises||Tortoises, on the other hand, are exclusively land dwellers. Their sturdy legs are designed for walking on land rather than swimming.|
|Terrapins||Terrapins prefer to live in fresh or slightly salty water, often found in freshwater or brackish water habitats.|
These unique habitat preferences play a significant role in the physical adaptations and behaviors exhibited by each of these species.
Behavior and lifestyle
Turtles, tortoises, and terrapins display varied behaviors and lifestyles based on their individual characteristics and habitat preferences.
|Turtles||As omnivores, turtles feed both on plants and small aquatic animals.||Sea turtles spend most of their lives in the sea, possessing the ability to delve into the ocean depths.|
|Tortoises||Tortoises are herbivores, preferring a diet of vegetation.||Adapted to land environments, they are not skilled swimmers and avoid water.|
|Terrapins||Terrapins are semi-aquatic, meaning they can live in both aquatic and terrestrial habitats.||Lives in fresh or slightly salty water but can also spend time on land.|
Similarities Between Turtles, Tortoises, and Terrapins
Turtles, tortoises, and terrapins share similarities in their classification as reptiles.
Turtles, tortoises, and terrapins are all reptiles that belong to the taxonomic order of Testudines. They are commonly referred to as turtles because they share similar characteristics, such as having a hard shell and laying eggs.
While there are differences in their behaviors, diet preferences, and physical adaptations for their respective environments, it is important to understand that they all fall under the same classification as members of the Testudines order.
Turtles, tortoises, and terrapins all have a unique shell structure. Their bodies are protected by a hard outer covering called a shell. The top part of the shell is called the carapace, and it covers their backs to keep them safe from predators.
The bottom part of the shell is called the plastron, and it shields their bellies. This strong shell helps turtles, tortoises, and terrapins survive in their different environments.
Terrapins have shells that are adapted for both land and aquatic environments. They also have webbed feet with claws that allow them to swim in water easily. So, while there may be some differences between these reptiles, they share similarities when it comes to their fascinating shell structures.
Turtles, tortoises, and terrapins all go through similar life cycles. They start as eggs laid by their parents and then hatch into baby reptiles. As they grow, they gradually become adults.
These reptiles are oviparous, which means that they lay eggs rather than giving birth to live young. Unfortunately, some species of turtles, tortoises, and terrapins are endangered because of habitat loss, pollution, and illegal trade.
It’s important to protect these creatures so that future generations can continue to enjoy their beauty and diversity in the natural world.
Importance of Understanding the Differences
Understanding the differences between turtles, tortoises, and terrapins is important for conservation efforts, responsible pet ownership, and understanding their ecological impact.
Conservation efforts are crucial in protecting and preserving turtles, tortoises, and terrapins. These reptiles face numerous threats due to habitat destruction, pollution, and illegal trade.
Conservation initiatives focus on creating protected areas, implementing laws against poaching and trafficking, and promoting education about their importance in maintaining biodiversity and ecological balance.
By supporting conservation efforts, we can ensure the survival of these species for future generations while also safeguarding the delicate ecosystems they inhabit.
Understanding the differences between turtles, tortoises, and terrapins is crucial for pet owners. Each of these reptiles has unique needs and characteristics that must be considered when deciding to bring one into your home.
Tortoises, for example, are herbivores that live on land and require a diet rich in vegetation. Sea turtles, on the other hand, are omnivores that live in the sea and need access to both plant and animal-based food sources.
Terrapins have their own specific requirements as well, with some preferring brackish water habitats while others thrive in freshwater environments. By understanding these distinctions, pet owners can provide the best care for their shelled companions and ensure they lead healthy and fulfilling lives.
The ecological impact of turtles, tortoises, and terrapins is significant due to their various habits and lifestyles. Turtles play a crucial role in ecosystems, contributing to nutrient cycling and maintaining food web dynamics. They help maintain ecological balance by controlling certain populations and promoting biodiversity.
Invasive species, including some types of turtles or terrapins, can have adverse effects on the ecosystems they inhabit when introduced to non-native habitats. When introduced to non-native habitats, some species can outcompete or even prey upon local species.
This can disrupt population dynamics and threaten native biodiversity.
Understanding the differences between these reptiles is important for managing their ecological impact. Conservation efforts need to consider factors such as habitat preferences, behavior, and lifestyle in order to protect native species from potential harm caused by invasive ones.
In conclusion, understanding the differences between turtles, tortoises, and terrapins is important. It helps in conservation efforts, guides pet ownership decisions, and provides insights into their ecological impact.
Knowing these distinctions allows us to appreciate and protect these unique reptiles.
1. What is the difference between a turtle, tortoise, and terrapin?
Turtles live in water and have flippers for swimming, while tortoises live on land and have sturdy legs for walking. Terrapins often inhabit brackish waters and can live both in water and on land.
2. Can turtles, tortoises, and terrapins be kept as pets?
Yes, turtles, tortoises, and some species of terrapins can be kept as pets with proper care. However, it’s important to research their specific needs before deciding to adopt one.
3. How do I tell if a turtle is a tortoise or a terrapin?
You can determine whether a chelonian is a tortoise or a terrapin by its habitat preference and physical characteristics. Tortoises are primarily land-dwellers with sturdy legs, while terrapins have features adapted for both land and water environments.
4. Are turtles, tortoises, and terrapins endangered?
Some species of turtles, tortoises, and terrapins are endangered due to habitat loss and poaching. It’s essential to support conservation efforts aimed at protecting these animals’ populations.
5. What do turtles eat compared to what tortoises eat?
Turtles’ diets vary; some eat aquatic plants, while others, when carnivorous, might consume small aquatic animals like insects or fish. In contrast, tortoises primarily feed on plant matter such as grasses or leafy greens because they are herbivores. | <urn:uuid:253b3215-38f1-4dbc-9bae-547cb1197bb9> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://tortoisesite.com/turtles-vs-tortoises-vs-terrapins/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.930227 | 1,949 | 3.640625 | 4 |
I guess many of you have heard about J. R. R. Tolkien. He was the renowned author of high fantasy trilogyThe Lord of the Rings and many other works as The Hobbit and The Silmarillion. In order to create a whole world with its own different cultures, races and history, there was a founding element he had to deal with: the different languages spoken all over his fantasy world.
Creating a language assured Tolkien that the world he conceived was not only unique but also real like. As many cultures and people existed in the Middle Earth, it would be obvious the language and customs between them should be different.
But Tolkien was just a very influent cornerstone in future works. In many cultural products like TV series, books and even videogames, developers try the public feel they are in the midst of a foreign, exotic atmosphere.
We can find invented languages even before him, but let us take him as the binding precedent or milestone in fantasy literature.
If you heard about Tolkien, perhaps you know who George R. R. Martin is. He is one of the most best-seller author nowadays and his saga, A Song of Ice and Fire, set the plot for the HBO series Game of Thrones. Thought he made up hints of Dothraki language in his saga, it was David J. Peterson who developed this whole language for the series along with High Valyrian, other language spoken in some parts of the world described by Martin, which is rich in cultures and languages as well. Actually, the interpreter and translator Missandei is one of the sidekicks of Daenerys, one of the main characters!
Actually, Peterson is member of The Language Creation Society, a non-profit organisation promoting constructed languages (also known as conlangs).
But of course, Game of Thrones is not the only on-screen product with a conlang in it. We can find how Klingon is spoken in Star Trek, the beautiful way in which Quenya is recreated in The Lord of the Rings (Peter Jackson, 2001-2003) and of course, how Daenerys Targaryen speaks both in Dothraki and High Valyrian. And do not forget Na’vi language spoken by Na’vi people in the very well know film Avatar (James Cameron, 2009)! And those are just a few examples of constructed languages used in fiction works.
To sum up, conlangs make the atmosphere more rich and exotic. The main purpose of creating a language is, of course, to transmit the public exoticness. A world build on different cultures and peoples would be more realistic than a fiction world where everyone speak the same language, indeed.
If you want to start a new and not very popular hobby, you can find many resources to learn conlangs on the Internet.
Would you like to speak High Valyrian as a member of House Targaryen? Would not it be wonderful to understand dialogues of Arwen and Aragorn without subtitles?
Author: Luis Cano Collada | <urn:uuid:c41513c5-bfda-4e0f-b79c-295cc6125ab1> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://translit.com/blog/conlangs-linguistics-applied-to-fiction/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.962591 | 623 | 2.90625 | 3 |
In conversations about slowing down climate change, focus often goes to sources of clean energy. While the switch from fossil fuels to clean energy is a vital force in reducing carbon emissions, there’s something it doesn’t address: what to do with the carbon dioxide that’s already in the atmosphere.
In a recent report, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) identified carbon dioxide removal as a necessary strategy for meeting the goals of the Paris Agreement, alongside deep and significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions.
Henrietta Moon and Chris Carstens have teamed up to create a new solution for carbon dioxide removal. In 2017, they launched Carbo Culture, a carbon removal company with the lofty goal of drawing down one billion tons of carbon dioxide. Henrietta and Chris first began to work on their carbon removal solution — which is based on technology developed at the University of Hawaii — when they met at Singularity University at the NASA Ames Research Center in 2013.
Henrietta has seen a lot of different ways that start-up technology can make a world-changing impact, but her commitment to the cause is not just professional; it’s personal.
A native of Finland, Henrietta joined the Sea Scouts (a division of the Boy Scouts that focuses on boating skills and water safety) when she was six years old and has been sailing ever since. Over that time, she’s seen the state of the nearby Baltic Sea deteriorate to the point that it’s now considered the most polluted sea on the planet.
“When there are toxic algal blooms, you can’t even swim in it,” she said. “Having something in the environment that I took for granted taken away is deeply saddening, and really difficult to reverse. That does not need to be the story of the whole planet.”
I interviewed Henrietta to learn more about how Carbo Culture captures and stores carbon dioxide emissions and where the company fits into the rapidly shifting, and sometimes intimidating, world of climate change policy.
Priscilla Tyler: So how did you get into climate science to begin with? What has your personal journey been like?
Henrietta Moon: I was invited to a three-month intensive program at Singularity University, housed at the NASA Ames Research Center. I saw others working on incredibly difficult challenges, such as cancer treatment or creating engineered tissues, which pushed me further down the route of building something meaningful. For me, climate felt deeply personal.
Priscilla: You’ve figured out a way to turn naturally biodegrading materials, that would otherwise decompose and release CO2, into new materials that trap that CO2 and can be used for things we need like soil enhancement. It’s essentially “hacking” the natural carbon cycle! When you discovered this innovation, what did that feel like?
Henrietta: It felt like we had come up with the obvious way to tackle this colossal issue fast and in a sensible way, without doing harm. Leveraging biological processes, which are already at scale, is essentially what can get us to the sort of massive targets we’re told will begin to address the problem. Plants have evolved to draw down carbon dioxide. At Carbo Culture, we use plants to remove the carbon, and then stabilize it for 1,000 years.
Priscilla: Speaking of those targets, you’ve stated to the press that you’re on a mission to draw down a billion tons of carbon dioxide. That’s ambitious and amazing!
Henrietta: A billion tons, or a gigaton, is the North Star goal that guides all of our actions at Carbo Culture. It’s an absolutely gargantuan target to reach. To give you an idea of scale, today’s carbon removal market globally is about 30 million tons.
To remain below the 1.5°C in global warming that we know will have major consequences for the environment, we as a society need to be able to remove 2 billion tons of carbon from the atmosphere by 2030 and 10 billion by 2050. This will require a colossal effort and the work of many companies to succeed.
Priscilla: And you’re doing your part by exploring turning organic materials into biochar, which has a bunch of applications. Where do you sell this material, and how do you explain the process to the industries you most need to participate in order for your work to help the planet?
Henrietta: We have had some successful trials showing our biochar can be used as a soil enhancement or in water purification. We are also exploring higher value industrial applications, where we would offset other carbon intensive materials. Because our biochar is processed using Carbolysis™, it has some unique properties that we are just beginning to look at that are very promising.
Priscilla: Describe to me what’s in this photo. What am I looking at here?
Henrietta: Ha – this is the woody waste of a few different plants! Peach pits, walnuts, sugar beet pellets, and carbonized mushroom growth medium. All of these have carbon that we can stabilize in our process. A ton of our biocarbon has 3.2 tons of carbon dioxide packed in!
Priscilla: How much of your work deals with policy?
Henrietta: More and more. We just hired our Head of Public Policy, Hanna Ojanen, and not a second too soon; climate policy is constantly on the discussion table for governments (as it should be). In fact, the EU is developing a strategy specifically for carbon removal as we speak.
Henrietta: You co-founded Carbo Culture with Chris Carstens, the company’s CTO. How do you and Chris complement one another?
Henrietta: Chris is an inventor and science visionary, whereas I have a practical approach to building things. It’s a strong combo: Chris can tell you where he believes the science is headed in the next five years, and I can help build toward that vision.
Priscilla: I heard you were one of the youngest people to be a board member for a publicly traded company in Finland. What did that feel like?
Henrietta: I was thankful for the opportunity… and also I felt like a total imposter at first, of course. But then I came to realize that I actually can bring value as a new person coming to the table. A good board is balanced with many things: experience, company or subject matter expertise, and some new perspectives.
Priscilla: What’s your biggest challenge as a founder?
Henrietta: Not giving people enough credit. I’m so hard on myself that I forget to be more open about how much I appreciate our team. They’re doing such a fantastic job and they are so dedicated; I don’t know how we deserve them!
Priscilla: What’s your next big challenge for scaling Carbo Culture?
Henrietta: Finding the best people to help us grow like crazy and make a dent in climate change. We’re looking for fearless contributors and leaders in mechanical engineering, multi-country operations management, project development, and more!
Priscilla: Are there any other areas of climate tech that excite you and the Carbo Culture team?
Henrietta: So many! This time around, climate is not just about energy: it’s about transforming all areas of society. Personally, I’m curious about ocean carbon removal stuff, and I’m passionate about liveable cities with less pollution and more green spaces and bike travel. I’m also really rooting for out-there geothermal and nuclear. Plastic alternatives! Novel building materials! So much to look forward to. | <urn:uuid:2740e623-eda3-4813-8167-701d77c8307d> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://trueventures.com/blog/henrietta-moon-carbo-culture-traps-co2 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.945221 | 1,632 | 3.4375 | 3 |
Navigating Change with Self-Development
Change is constant. It is one of the few things in life that is assured. The world is changing at a faster pace than ever before, and if we do not find ways to adapt to these changes, we can quickly become left behind.
In uncertain times, we often feel at a loss, wondering how we can cope and adjust to the new reality. Change, whether good or bad, can trigger many negative emotions, including anxiety, fear, and doubt. As human beings, we are wired to seek comfort and stability. But, embracing change is essential to growth and progress. The key to navigating change is self-development.
What is self-development?
Self-development is the continuous process of improving oneself, both personally and professionally. It involves identifying and setting goals, learning new skills, gaining knowledge, and creating positive habits. Self-development enables you to lead a more fulfilling life, reach your full potential, and adapt to any changes that may come your way.
Self-development helps you have a clearer understanding of who you are, what you want, and how you can achieve it. It involves self-reflection, awareness, and intentional action. It is a holistic approach towards personal growth and development.
Navigating change with self-development
Self-development and change go hand in hand. When you embrace self-development, you better equip yourself to navigate change. Here are some ways self-development helps you navigate change:
1. Develop resilience
Resilience is the ability to bounce back from adversity. It is one of the key traits that enable you to navigate change. Self-development helps you build resilience by developing a growth mindset. A growth mindset enables you to see challenges as opportunities for growth and development rather than as threats.
Developing resilience requires a balance between the ability to cope with stress and a positive outlook on life. When you practice self-care, self-compassion, and self-reflection, you can recover from setbacks more quickly, have a more positive outlook, and learn from your difficulties.
2. Embrace lifelong learning
Learning is an ongoing process that never ends. With the rapid changes in the world, lifelong learning is critical for staying relevant and keeping up with change. Self-development involves continuous learning, enabling you to acquire new skills, knowledge, and experiences.
By learning new things, you expand your understanding of the world, develop creativity and critical thinking, and improve problem-solving skills. You can explore new perspectives, gain confidence, and build resilience. When you embrace lifelong learning, you become a more adaptable and resourceful individual, better equipped to face any changes that come your way.
3. Identify your strengths and weaknesses
Self-development involves self-awareness. It is critical to identify your unique strengths and weaknesses to create a roadmap for personal growth. Knowing your strengths helps you develop confidence and capitalize on what you are good at to achieve your goals. When you identify your weaknesses, you can develop a plan to improve them, equipping you to cope better with change.
Knowing your strengths and weaknesses can help you understand how you respond to change. For example, if you know that you struggle with uncertainty, you can develop coping mechanisms to reduce anxiety and improve decision-making skills.
4. Maintain a positive mindset
Change is often challenging, and it is human nature to focus on the negative aspects of change. Self-development helps you maintain a positive mindset, even in times of change. It involves training your brain to focus on the positive aspects of any situation.
Adopting a positive mindset involves optimism, gratitude, and mindfulness. You can reframe negative experiences to consider the potential positive outcomes, such as opportunities for growth and development. Maintaining a positive mindset can help you navigate change with more efficiency and optimism, which can help improve resilience.
5. Practice self-care
Self-care is an essential part of self-development. It involves caring for your physical, mental, and emotional well-being. When you prioritize self-care, you become more resilient to stress and change. It helps you maintain a positive outlook, improves your mood, and increases your overall well-being.
Practicing self-care includes exercise, healthy eating, getting enough sleep, meditation, and mindfulness. Taking time for yourself helps reduce stress, which can improve your ability to cope with and adapt to change.
Navigating change in today’s world requires personal growth and development. Self-development enables you to adapt to changing circumstances, embrace lifelong learning, develop resilience and maintain a positive mindset. Taking the time to invest in yourself can help you cope with change more effectively, grow as an individual, and achieve your goals. | <urn:uuid:df736b49-2adc-472a-97ee-a5ea2150e81d> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://tumbooh.com/en/navigating-change-with-self-development/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.943722 | 971 | 2.796875 | 3 |
A lottery is a form of gambling where a person or group of people buys a ticket for a drawing. The winner receives a prize, which may be money or a gift. Often, the lottery is legal, but there are also instances in which governments outlaw it.
History of Lotteries
In the United States, lotteries have been used for over a century to raise money for public projects. They have been used to fund road construction, libraries, churches, colleges, canals and fortifications. They are one of the oldest forms of government-sponsored gambling.
While the odds of winning a lottery are very slim, the game is still played by millions of people around the world. In fact, lottery sales topped $91 billion in the United States during fiscal year 2019, according to the North American Association of State and Provincial Lotteries.
Some of the most common lottery winners are those who have been playing for years before hitting the jackpot. These winners have been known to spend a significant amount of time and effort in order to win the big prize, sometimes even buying multiple tickets over the course of several years.
Besides being addictive, the lottery can also lead to serious financial problems for its players. In fact, research has shown that many people who have won the lottery lose a considerable amount of their money in a relatively short period of time. This can be a devastating situation for those who are not able to manage their finances effectively.
To increase your chances of winning a lottery, try to find games with better odds. These games typically have fewer balls or a smaller range of numbers, which make them easier to win.
You can also try to play a game that requires less effort, such as a state pick-3. This is because you only have to select 3 numbers instead of 5 or 6. These games have better odds than a national game like Powerball.
Another way to increase your chances of winning is by joining a lottery pool. These groups have a leader who is responsible for providing all members with tickets and managing funds on their behalf. Purchasing tickets is cheaper when you participate in a lottery pool, and you’ll have a greater chance of winning.
The best part about group lottery pools is that the leader will usually provide you with information, including copies of tickets and accounting logs. This makes it easy to track your group’s performance and ensure that all of your entries have been purchased by the specified date.
There are also websites that allow you to check for scratch-off games that are still active. These sites will show you the number of prizes that are left and how long the game has been running. This will help you determine which games are worth playing and whether or not the jackpot prize has been won yet.
You can even use statistics on previous draws to decide which numbers to select. This can be especially helpful if you’re using a game with a large jackpot. | <urn:uuid:0ff0bcc2-fa6d-4102-a297-625883cdb302> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://ulyssesbarnyc.com/?p=203 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.978733 | 598 | 2.8125 | 3 |
Second Battle of Masurian Lakes
Another very short post, but it is the second of two battles.
The Second Battle of Masurian Lakes began during a blizzard. Because of this, it is also known as the Winter Battle of Masurian Lakes. It was, like the first battle, fought between Russia and the Germans (who had Austria-Hungarian aid). The battle was part of Paul von Hindenburg’s plan to push the Russians back and bring about an end to the battle on the Eastern Front. “Specifically, Hindenburg intended to outflank Russian positions in central Poland, pushing them back beyond the Vistula River” (Source). The Germans were still desperate to throw the Russians out of the war, thus closing the eastern front and allowing them to focus on the British and the French in the west. Furthermore, despite their previous defeats, the four Russian divisions still held German land – the III, XX, XXVI, as well as the Siberian III Corps.
Thus, Hindenburg deployed the German 8th and the German 10th armies to East Prussia. There, they would fight against the Russian 10th Army, under the command of General Thadeus von Sievers. While the Russians would attack from East Prussia, the Austro-Hungarians would attack in Galicia, moving towards Lemberg.
On the 7th of February, during a terrible snowstorm, General Fritz von Below, commanding the German 8th Army, attacked the Russians, “easily advancing against the enemy position from the south” (Source). Despite the German’s easy victory on the first day, the second day saw the German 10th Army, under General Hermann von Eichhorn, joining the fray. Attacking from the north, they easily outnumbered and surrounded the Russians.
“By February 10, the Russians had been forced back most of the way towards [Lyck]” (Source). Nevertheless, they would put up a good fight. It would take four more days for the Germans capture the town. In fact, in a mere week, the Germans had managed to capture 70 miles of land. During this time, the Russian III Corps managed to escape, heading towards fortresses on the Niemen River, Kovno and Olita. Following this, the III Siberian corps also managed to escape. By the 15th, the Russian XXVI Corps also managed to escape to safety. This left the Russian XX Corps. They fought in the Forest of Augustow, where on the 14th, the German XXI Corps attacked. By the 18th, the Russian XX Corps were trapped. On the 21st, 30,000 survivors surrendered.
In all, the Russians lost 200,000 men, half of them prisoners. German losses were relatively low, though many did suffer from exposure to extreme cold as well as from exhaustion.
General Fritz von Below was awarded the Pour le Merite, the highest military medal in Germany. Despite what seemed like a major Germany victory, they did not accomplish much on the Eastern Front; it was still open. | <urn:uuid:361e2f28-80c1-4eaa-a23a-450b708bd4dd> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://usa-evote.com/tag/second-battle-of-masurian-lakes/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.976527 | 636 | 3.234375 | 3 |
Organic farming represents an alternative and more holistic view of agriculture for producing food and designed to optimize the productivity and fitness of diverse communities within the agro-ecosystem, including soil organisms, plants, livestock and humans. Health, ecology, fairness and care are the four basic principles of organic farming.
The main objective of Organic farming is to keep the soil alive without using Chemical Fertilizers or Pesticides. Compared with conventional agriculture, organic farming uses biological pesticides, reduces soil erosion decreases nitrate leaching into groundwater and surface water. It avoids genetically modified organisms and recycles animal wastes back into the farm. The idea behind this technique is to keep all living organisms like earthworm, insects and micro-organism like bacteria, actinomycetes, fungi, protozoa and nematodes alive which helps in growth of the plants. | <urn:uuid:669341b6-d267-4941-a3c4-20bb0de1ca4b> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://uyirorganic.farm/tag/ashgourd/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.89287 | 175 | 3.609375 | 4 |
Effect of water stratification and mixing on phytoplankton functional groups: a case study of Xikeng Reservoir, China
Keywords:south tropical, diversion reservoir, stratification and mixing, phytoplankton functional groups, driving factors, water ecological evaluation
A shift in reservoir stratification and mixing significantly affects the water column ecosystem, which in turn leads to changes in phytoplankton abundance and community structure. To explore the effects of stratification and mixing on the phytoplankton community structure of a diversion reservoir, a 1-year survey was divided into a stratification period in 2020, a mixing period in 2020, and a stratification period in 2021, and redundancy analysis (RDA), variance partitioning analysis (VPA) and Pearson correlation analysis were used to analyse the key drivers affecting the phytoplankton functional groups, using Xikeng Reservoir as a case study. During the study period, 8 phyla, 69 genera and 9 major functional groups were observed in this reservoir. The dominant functional groups varied significantly, being X1 in the stratified period in 2020; P and D in the mixing period in 2020; and D, X1, and M in the stratified period in 2021. The phytoplankton diversity index was greater in the mixing period than in the stratification period, in agreement with the results of the aquatic ecological status evaluation (Q index, higher in the mixing period than in the stratification period). However, phytoplankton diversity of Xikeng Reservoir was of limited value in assessing the degree of water pollution, so should be considered in combination with the Q index. Water temperature (WT), mixing depth (Zmix), nitrogen–phosphorus ratio (N/P), and total nitrogen (TN) were important drivers of phytoplankton functional group dynamics in different periods. The study provides a valuable reference for assessing the relationship between environmental factors and phytoplankton communities, as well as for the evaluation and conservation of aquatic ecosystems in southern China's water diversion reservoirs.
How to Cite
Copyright (c) 2023 Yunhao Bai, Tinglin Huang, Pengcheng Yang
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
The content of this journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Licence. Users are permitted to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search or link to the full texts of the articles in this journal under the terms of this Licence, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author, provided the source is attributed. Copyright is retained by the authors. | <urn:uuid:220863e8-ee56-4eda-98a1-ce1c0be24145> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://watersa.net/article/view/17125 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.914634 | 552 | 2.546875 | 3 |
The world is filled with all sorts of living creatures. Humans share the planet with many different life forms, from mammals to reptiles. The Earth is home to over eight million species, and many more are left undiscovered. However, some creatures people often overlook and forget about are not visible to the naked eye. These creatures are known as micro-organisms.
There are living creatures on the planet that the naked eye can’t see, and they are often known as micro-organisms. They are tiny, single-celled creatures that can only be seen through a microscope. There are three main types of micro-organisms: bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Among these, bacteria are the most common.
Bacteria are everywhere. They live in the air, water, soil, and even inside other organisms. They survive by breaking down organic matter and releasing energy. These organisms have a fundamental role in your body because they live inside and outside, creating a miniature ecosystem you cannot see. Here’s how bacteria can affect your body and your life.
The first place bacteria live in your body is in your gut. There are over 10,000 different species of bacteria in your digestive system, and they play a crucial role in digesting food. Bacteria help break down complex carbohydrates and fiber, which the body cannot digest independently. This process creates short-chain fatty acids that are absorbed into the bloodstream and used for energy.
Bacteria also produce vitamins K and B12, which are essential for maintaining a healthy gut. In fact, without these bacteria, you would not be able to absorb all the nutrients from the food you eat.
The Immune System
Your gut is also home to your immune system. Approximately 70% of your immune cells are located in the intestines. These cells protect you from infection by fighting off harmful bacteria.
Bacteria also help to train the immune system. When you are born, your gut is sterile and doesn’t have any bacteria. But, as you start to eat solid food and come into contact with the outside world, good bacteria begin to colonize your gut. These organisms then help the immune system to learn which bacteria are harmful and which are not.
Bacteria also play an essential role in keeping your skin healthy. The skin is the largest organ in the body and is covered in millions of bacteria. These bacteria form a protective barrier that prevents harmful bacteria from entering the body.
The majority of these bacteria are harmless and are often beneficial. For example, studies have shown that certain types of bacteria can help to fight acne. They are so helpful that microbiome-friendly skincare products are now available in the market. These skincare products protect and propagate the growth of healthy bacteria in your skin. It’s one of the natural ways for healthy and good-looking skin.
The Respiratory System
Bacteria also live in your respiratory system and play an essential role in keeping your lungs healthy. The lungs are filled with tiny sacs called alveoli. These sacs are lined with bacteria that help to keep the alveoli moist.
The bacteria also produce a slime that traps harmful particles, such as dust and viruses. This slime is then removed by the cilia, which are tiny hair-like structures that line the respiratory tract.
Salmonella is a type of bacteria that can cause food poisoning. It is often found in raw meat, poultry, eggs, and dairy products. Symptoms of salmonella poisoning include diarrhea and fever. Some people end up vomiting too when infected with this bacteria.
E. coli is a type of bacteria that lives in the gut of animals. It can be found in contaminated water or food, such as unpasteurized milk or undercooked meat. E. coli can cause stomach cramps, diarrhea, and vomiting. In severe cases, it can lead to kidney failure and death.
Listeria is a type of bacteria that can infect pregnant women and unborn babies. It is often found in unpasteurized cheese, deli meat, and smoked fish. Symptoms of listeriosis include fever, muscle aches, and nausea. In severe cases, it can lead to stillbirth or miscarriage.
Klebsiella pneumoniae is a type of bacteria that can cause pneumonia. It is often found in hospital environments, as it can infect people with weakened immune systems. What makes them dangerous is that it’s estimated that 5% of the population carries this bacteria with them.
Bacteria are everywhere, and they play an essential role in our lives. However, not all bacteria are good. Some can cause diseases. Therefore, knowing the different types of bacteria and how they can affect your health is essential. | <urn:uuid:fb244eb2-e6c3-4fbf-a987-da96daee9c72> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://whatscookingwithdoc.com/bacteria-and-your-body/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.950686 | 964 | 3.953125 | 4 |
National schools may be a great option for some families, especially those desiring to adapt as much as possible to local culture and language.
Assessment is the process of measuring academic skills and learning, and your child will be assessed at many points during their schooling. Knowing how and why they need to be assessed will help you evaluate the quality of your child’s education.
If your child struggles with the learning process, you’ve probably wanted to know more about how your child learns and how to help them. Perhaps it’s difficult to communicate your concerns with teachers or to advocate for your child. The information you are looking for, which summarizes your child’s skills and behavior, is found in a learning profile.
Going to a different school is a challenge, even in a child’s home culture. Living internationally adds a whole new dimension to this major life change.
If your child seems to have physical, social, or emotional barriers to normal play or learning, you may need the help of an occupational therapist (OT).
For a typical family living internationally, there are three main educational options — local schools, international schools, and home education — which are highlighted below. Some families choose a hybrid model, blending two or more of these options to fully meet their child’s needs.
Sometimes asking for professional help is the best way to determine your child’s needs and how to meet them in your setting.
What do you do when the educational options available to you do not have structured or intentional support for kids with special needs? | <urn:uuid:4557f799-afbd-4f5f-8e89-5541ed108af2> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://worldfamilyeducation.com/tag/national-schools/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.955345 | 321 | 2.984375 | 3 |
Invisible thread is one of those tricky sewing materials that can either make your project incredibly easy or an absolute nightmare. It's ideal for hiding stitches, creating textures, and embellishment techniques like applique, but because it doesn't behave like normal thread, some sewists find it tough to use. With a few tips and tricks though, you may discover it's not nearly as challenging as you think. Check out these invisible thread basics!
What is it?
Invisible thread is a synthetic monofilament, meaning it's made from just one strand of synthetic fibre. It's available in both nylon (sometimes called polyamide) and polyester varieties. Each type has its own pros and cons. Polyester can handle high heat better, but nylon has a reputation for being softer and more invisible, though it may discolour slightly over time. In most cases, the right thread for the job depends on which you prefer personally. You may even find that the same type of fibre varies from brand to brand. For a breakdown of how different brands behave, check out this head to head comparison.
Why would I use it?
Monofilament thread is great for a whole range of projects, though it's typically used where you want your stitches to be as unobtrusive as possible. Hence the name 'invisible thread.' It's often used as the top thread in quilting, especially in multicoloured designs where a colourful thread would blend in against some fabrics and contrast with others. It can also be used to create textures in quilting without added colour, to attaches appliques, finish bindings, and more. It's fine to use with both knit and woven materials, and though it's lightweight enough for delicate fabrics, it's also sturdy enough for heavier material, though it shouldn't be considered a utility thread or for 'heavy duty' projects. It's used less frequently in hand sewing, but can be great for adding beading or other embellishments to sheer fabrics, like those commonly found in bridal wear and accessories.
Tips & Techniques
- Use a smaller needle Monofilament tends to be considerably smaller than normal thread, and should be used with a smaller needle. In fact, the smallest needle you can find will probably work perfectly—just be sure not to use it with your everyday thread, as the smaller eye will cause regular threads to shred and fray. If your machine doesn't have an automated needle threader, use a dark coloured permanent marker to colour the tip of your thread so you can see it while threading the needle. This will be cut off and discarded after starting your seam.
- Practise on scrap fabric! You will need to adjust your sewing machine's settings to work properly with monofilament. Start with your top thread tension as low as it will go, then slowly increase it until you see correctly formed stitches.
- Take special care with bobbins Monofilament is typically only used in the top thread of your sewing machine. Since it's stretchy, it takes extra adjustment to use it in the bobbin as well. If you do need to use it in your bobbin, wind it very slowly and only about half full. The heat from winding too quickly causes the thread to stretch, making it easy to overfill the bobbin. You'll also need to adjust your bobbin tension, which, depending on your machine, may mean adjusting the bobbin case as well as machine settings.
- Lock your stitches With monofilament, you want to be sure to backstitch at the beginning and end of every seam. Because it tends to stretch, you may find that your stitches pull free as you sew unless they're firmly locked in place.
- Use 'smoke' coloured thread with dark fabric Perfectly clear monofilament tends to have a bit too much shine to hide against dark fabric, so if you're using deep colours in your project, try a 'smoke' coloured monofilament instead. These tend to be slightly greenish or greyish in colour. You may need to test a few to find what works best for your project.
- Don't listen to the urban legends Monofilament thread was originally used in upholstery, so when it first became available for home sewists, it hadn't changed from the heavy, industrial material used in commercial sewing machines. It was tough, inflexible, and hard on machinery and fabrics alike, often cutting into soft fibres and causing breakages and tears. Today's invisible threads have come a long way. They're not going to cut your cotton fibres or damage your sewing machine—at least, as long as you're using it correctly.
- Double check your thread path If you find your monofilament thread isn't working well despite adjusting the tension, try re-threading your machine. It's so tough to see that you may accidentally miss some of the loops and guides in your thread path without realizing it, causing tangles and tension issues. If your thread is too fine to stay in place well, try adding extra guides by taping a safety pin or two to your sewing machine along the thread path, away from any moving parts. The spring end of a safety pin, where the wire forms a solid loop, makes an excellent thread guide.
- Try it for beading If you're stitching beads to your project as embellishment—especially small and delicate beads—monofilament is a good option for attaching them. It's stronger and thinner than other threads, which makes it easy to get through even tiny beads. Keep in mind, though, that monofilament can be tricky to knot by hand. Leave a longer tail than you usually would, and weave the end into your line of stitches instead of clipping it short. This can help keep your knot tight longer. Of course, hand-beaded fabrics should always be treated gently to avoid damaging either the fabric or the beads, so at least you won't need to worry about rough handling!
While invisible thread does take some getting used to, it can be a real time saver in the sewing studio. Try it out on a small project, keeping these techniques in mind. The next time you're looking to add subtle flair to a quilting project, or top-stitch across high-contrast prints without leaving a mark, you'll be able to reach for your spool of invisible thread with confidence. | <urn:uuid:fd746b35-50f9-46f9-83d6-09026aaa69ee> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://wunderlabel.co.uk/blog/p/tips-sewing-invisible-thread/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.952822 | 1,324 | 2.875 | 3 |
The student is making a finger ring embedded with 20 stones.
The straight bar is first bended and than scraped with a line.
At this early phase of the work, the ring surface is still rough, but it will become smoother and smoother as the student proceeds with the polishing.
Once scaped the surface, students fix the gemstones on the frontal part of the ring. (This technique is called Stone Setting)
This is the original metal bar. | <urn:uuid:84e73808-1895-48fd-ac7a-c4a36b242557> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.accademiariaci.info/reports/2014/03/11/jewelry-making-march-3-2014.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.949734 | 96 | 3.1875 | 3 |
Unlocking Inner Peace: The Power of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for All Ages
At Allius Services Inc., we are dedicated to fostering connections and empowering individuals to connect better with themselves and others. Today, we delve into a transformative approach that resonates with our commitment to people of all ages: Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT).
In this blog post, we will explore how ACT, combined with mindful self-compassion, is not just effective but well-researched and incredibly beneficial in treating anxiety and trauma. We will discuss its versatility, explaining how it can work wonders for children, teens, and adults, allowing each age group to navigate their unique life challenges. So, let's embark on this journey toward greater well-being and mental health.
The Power of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)
Understanding ACT and Its Core Principles
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is a cutting-edge psychotherapeutic approach that has gained immense popularity in recent years due to its proven effectiveness in treating anxiety and trauma. At the core of ACT lies the understanding that suffering is an inherent part of life, and the key to mental health is not to eliminate it but to accept it. Here's a brief overview of its core principles:
The Six Core Processes of ACT
Cognitive Defusion: ACT helps individuals detach from their thoughts, allowing them to observe their thinking patterns without judgment.
Acceptance: Instead of fighting their emotions, ACT encourages individuals to embrace their feelings, even if they are unpleasant.
Present Moment Awareness: This process promotes mindfulness, grounding individuals in the here and now, rather than dwelling on the past or worrying about the future.
Self-as-Context: ACT helps people see themselves from a broader perspective, reducing self-identification with negative thoughts and emotions.
Values Clarification: Identifying one's core values and aligning actions with those values forms the basis for positive change.
Committed Action: Taking committed steps towards living in accordance with one's values, despite the emotional challenges, is the final phase.
ACT and Mindful Self-Compassion: A Dynamic Duo
While ACT is highly effective on its own, combining it with mindful self-compassion further enhances its benefits. Mindful self-compassion involves treating oneself with kindness, recognizing that suffering is a shared human experience. This combination allows individuals to navigate their mental and emotional struggles with greater resilience.
Effective for All Ages
ACT and Children
Children often face anxiety and trauma as they grow and experience new challenges. ACT can be tailored to their unique needs, helping them cope with emotions, adapt to change, and develop resilience. Through playful and age-appropriate activities, children can learn to defuse distressing thoughts, accept their emotions, and take committed actions aligned with their values.
ACT and Teens
The teenage years can be tumultuous, with the pressure to fit in and find one's identity. ACT equips teenagers with the tools to better understand and manage their thoughts and emotions. It encourages self-acceptance and self-compassion, aiding in the development of a strong sense of self and the ability to make value-driven choices.
ACT and Adults
Adults, too, can benefit immensely from ACT, whether they are grappling with work-related stress, relationship issues, or personal challenges. ACT helps adults confront and manage their anxiety and trauma, fostering emotional resilience and promoting well-being. It empowers them to live a life that aligns with their values.
In a world where anxiety and trauma are all too common, Allius Services Inc. is committed to fostering connections and empowering individuals to connect better with themselves and others. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, combined with mindful self-compassion, provides a proven path toward achieving this vision. It is effective for individuals of all ages, from children to teens to adults, helping them navigate life's challenges with greater resilience and mental well-being.
Reach Out for Professional Assistance | <urn:uuid:3211c406-3d11-409e-a83f-2d85b4b77f73> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.allius.ca/blogs/blog/1173505-unlocking-inner-peace--the-power-of-acceptance-and-commitment-therapy-for-all-ages | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.93656 | 814 | 2.59375 | 3 |
Many waterbirds move seasonally within the major river basins of tropical South America. Multi-species avian flyways have been documented for parts of Europe, Asia, Africa and Australia, but very little is known about annual movements of birds within the Neotropics.
To study the intra-tropical migration of waterbirds here, we are tracking two sandbank-dependent species, the Black Skimmer (Rynchops niger) and the Orinoco Goose (Neochen jubata), using satellite telemetry. Tagging sites are spread across Amazonian rivers and adjacent biomes.
We provide tracking results that demonstrate a migratory convergence between seemingly disparate populations of Orinoco Geese and skimmers of western Amazonia, but divergent migrations for some populations of Black Skimmers. Orinoco Geese from Peru and the Rio Juruá, Brazil all migrate to the Llanos de Moxos, Bolivia, each year after breeding. Skimmers from two western sites undertook migrations across the Andes after the breeding season, using identical stopover beaches both east and west of the high Peruvian Andes. Some skimmers use the Paraná Basin as a flyway, an important route for many waterbirds heading to Atlantic coastal sites. The insights gained into avian flyways and stopovers for these two species allow us to pinpoint potential sites for targeting conservation efforts. | <urn:uuid:c40f78ae-c9d0-4b53-b08a-d36e725399cd> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.andesamazonfund.org/event/mapping-avian-flyways-in-south-america-with-satellite-telemetry/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.898906 | 286 | 3.296875 | 3 |
Model Docking Missions
Join us to learn how Ansys tools can model docking missions and simulate the sensor responses for cameras and lidars, leveraging our GPU solvers.
About this Webinar
Vehicles might need to dock to other vehicles or devices for data transfer, servicing, or instrumentation installation, whether it's a submarine, a UAV, or a satellite. Successful spacecraft docking requires precise control and coordination of various subsystems to avoid any damage between the participants. For that reason, an automated process can minimize the effect of environmental variations and make the docking process smoother and more reliable.
The docking automation requires advanced algorithms trained with thousands of high-fidelity synthetic data frames. Simulation is an essential activity for the future of rendezvous and docking missions, helping to create and simulate unlimited scenario variations in a safe environment to train AI/ML algorithms to perform this crucial task.
Join us to learn how Ansys tools model docking missions and simulate the sensor responses for cameras and lidars, leveraging our GPU solvers.
What You’ll Learn
- Understand the principles and concepts of autonomous docking technology, including the subsystems involved, the challenges faced, and the methods used to overcome them
- Design and implement a simulation model of autonomous docking, including the ability to model the physical properties of the spacecraft, the environment, and the docking process
- Develop proficiency in simulating the autonomous docking process, including modeling optical sensors such as camera and LiDAR | <urn:uuid:c625dbdb-d24d-463a-9c5d-1a05f64b2882> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.ansys.com/resource-center/webinar/model-docking-missions | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.8704 | 298 | 2.671875 | 3 |
The concept of informed consent is rooted in the fundamental ethical principle of the right of self-determination. This principle recognizes that patients are autonomous; that is, that they are independent agents with the capacity to make decisions regarding their well-being without coercion from others. The need to respect an individual’s autonomy stems from the work of the 18th-century philosopher Immanuel Kant, but the medical-legal concept of informed consent was first introduced by 3 court cases in the mid 20th century. Salgo v. Trustees of Leland Stanford Hospital (Cal.App.2d 560, 317 P.2d 170 [Sup. Ct. Appl.]), in 1957, determined that the physician is required to explain the risks, benefits, and alternatives of a proposed procedure to a patient. Natanson v. Kline (186 Kan. 393.350 P.2d 1093), in 1960, further specified what information should be disclosed to a patient and introduced the “professional practice standard.” This standard requires that a physician disclose to a patient what other physicians in the community would disclose under similar circumstances. In 1972, Canterbury v. Spence (464 F.2d 772 D.C. Cir.) introduced the “reasonable person standard” which requires disclosure of information that a reasonable patient would consider important in making an informed decision.1
The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), through their Conditions of Participation (CoP), which health care organizations must meet to participate in the Medicare and Medicaid programs, address the issue of informed consent. CMS grants “deemed status” to hospitals accredited by organizations they recognize such as the Joint Commission, ensuring that hospitals meet or exceed the CoPs. In a memo to State Survey Agency Directors dated April 13, 2007, the Center for Medicaid and State Operations/Survey and Certification Group announced revisions to the Hospital Interpretive Guidelines for informed decision making and informed consent. In the Patients’ Rights CoP, (42 CFR §482.13(b)(2)), the interpretive guidelines state
Hospitals must utilize an informed consent process that assures patients or their representatives are given the information and disclosures needed to make an informed decision about whether to consent to a procedure, intervention, or type of care that requires consent.
In the Surgical Services CoP (42 CFR 482.51 (b)(2)), the interpretive guidelines state
The primary purpose of the informed consent process for surgical services is to ensure that the patient, or the patient’s representative, is provided information necessary to enable him/her to evaluate a proposed surgery before agreeing to the surgery. Typically, this information would include potential short and longer term risks and benefits to the patient of the proposed intervention, including the likelihood of each, based on the available clinical evidence, as informed by the responsible practitioner’s professional judgment. Informed consent must be obtained, and the informed consent form must be placed in the patient’s medical record, prior to surgery, except in the case of emergency surgery.
The interpretive guidelines further state
It should be noted that there is no specific requirement for informed consent within the regulation at §482.52 governing anesthesia services. However, given that surgical procedures generally entail use of anesthesia, hospitals may wish to consider specifically extending their informed consent policies to include obtaining informed consent for the anesthesia component of the surgical procedure.
Securing a patient’s consent for medical treatment is a process requiring effective communication between doctor and patient. Increasing numbers of patients view the doctor-patient relationship as a partnership and expect to be actively engaged in the decision-making processes governing their health care.
There are several elements intrinsic to the informed consent process:
Competence and Capacity
A detailed discussion of the terms competence and capacity is beyond the scope of this article. The term competence refers to a patient’s legal authority to make decisions.
Adult patients, generally considered patients who are 18 or older, are presumed legally competent to make health care decisions unless otherwise determined by a court. Consent to treat a minor must be given by a parent or legal guardian unless state law recognizes certain conditions that may qualify as an exception to the general requirement for parental or guardian consent. For example, depending upon the state law, minors may be legally authorized to consent to their own health care if the patient is a parent; is pregnant and consenting for prenatal care; is married; is otherwise emancipated; or is in the active military.
“Capacity” refers to a determination made by medical professionals that a patient has the ability to make a specific decision at a specific time. To have capacity, patients must have the ability to understand and reason about their medical conditions, and to appreciate the indications, risks, benefits, and alternatives to proposed treatments. It is the physician’s responsibility to determine if a patient lacks capacity to a reasonable degree of medical certainty. If a patient lacks capacity, consent must be obtained from an authorized decision maker, unless an emergency or other exception applies. State law will govern who will be considered a legally authorized surrogate decision maker. For example, depending on the laws, this person may be a designated health care proxy, spouse, or an adult next-of-kin.
Consider the following example: a healthy adult patient who presents for elective surgery is competent and has capacity to consent for a surgical procedure. The same patient has an unexpected outcome, is in the intensive care unit, intubated and sedated, and requires a second operation. The patient will now not have capacity to consent for the second surgery, requiring the consent discussion to occur between the surgeon and the patient’s authorized decision maker.
Disclosure of Information
Obtaining informed consent requires active communication between physician and patient. The communication process is an ethical obligation of the practice of medicine and a legal requirement per statute and case law in all 50 States.2 The goal is to provide the patient with sufficient information to allow him or her to understand the nature of the medical problem; the indications for treatment; the material risks, benefits, and alternatives to treatment; and the consequences of refusing treatment. It is only then that the patient can make an informed choice with respect to suggested therapy. The informed consent discussion should allow a meaningful opportunity to have questions considered and answered.
What constitutes “sufficient information”? Most states use a “reasonable person” standard (see above), although there are some that rely on a “professional practice” standard. The informed consent discussion should focus on the indications for the proposed treatment, a description of the procedure in terms a layperson can understand, and an explanation of available alternatives. A frank disclosure of material risks of the recommended and alternative treatments is important. Material risks are those that a reasonable person would want to be made aware of before deciding to undergo or reject the recommended therapy. Material risks include those that occur commonly, but have little long-term consequence, as well as those that are rare but may result in severe, long-term morbidity or mortality. A recent informal
survey of both private and academic institutions across the country revealed that the following “common” risks of general anesthesia are frequently disclosed: possible oral or dental damage, sore throat, hoarseness, postoperative nausea and vomiting, drowsiness, and urinary retention. Disclosure of more severe risks includes possible awareness, postoperative visual loss, aspiration, negative pressure pulmonary edema, organ failure, malignant hyperthermia, drug reactions, and the risk of failure to recover from the anesthetic, coma, or death. For regional anesthetics, common risks often disclosed encompass prolonged numbness, “spinal headache,” backache, and failure of the regional technique. Less common but severe risks frequently discussed include bleeding, infection, nerve damage, persistent weakness or numbness, seizures, coma, and death.
Introduction of uncommon, but potentially devastating risks in the holding area, immediately preoperatively, is suboptimal for patients and uncomfortable for anesthesia professionals. This is especially problematic if their surgical colleagues do not habitually disclose specific risks that are known, uncommon, but significant sequelae of certain types of surgeries. Consider the risk of postoperative visual loss that has been associated with major reconstructive spine surgery, cardiac surgery, and extensive ENT procedures. It is conceivable that patients presented with the possibility of sustaining permanent visual impairment for the first time immediately prior to surgery may wish to reconsider or delay their decision to proceed with the proposed treatment. A better approach may be utilization of a standardized, institutional consent process developed by the surgical and anesthesia professionals who routinely care for these patients.
In addition to discussion of risks, benefits, and alternatives, some states require disclosure of the identity of all persons reasonably anticipated to be involved in the patient’s anesthetic care. Absent a written informed consent document naming all of the members of the anesthesiology department, this may prove to be problematic.
Practitioner’s Personal Recommendation
An important part of the informed consent process is offering the patient one’s professional opinion of the best options given the skill set of those providing the anesthesia, knowledge of the patient’s comorbities, knowledge of the patient’s comorbidities, and the surgeon’s preferences. Important to this part of the discussion is an explanation of the pros and cons of the recommended technique as well as the back-up approach. It is important to appreciate the differences between persuasion, manipulation, and coercion in presenting this information to the patient.
Following a discussion of indications for the therapy, disclosure of material risks, benefits, and alternatives, and having questions answered, the patient is in a position to make an informed decision. The patient’s authorization to proceed with a proposed course of treatment is an expression of his/her right of self-determination and is the basis for informed consent.
It is important to record the informed consent process in the medical record. Many organizations are adopting a separate, written informed consent document for administration of anesthesia. Some states require this, but there are other reasons to consider using this approach: common risks of all techniques can be clearly detailed; patient-specific risks can be added in longhand; the patient and a witness sign the form; and it allows efficient documentation of the informed consent process for the growing number of patients who require anesthesia for a non-surgical procedure. Other organizations rely on the surgical consent form to document consent to anesthesia. This practice is problematic as the consent document may be completed in the surgeon’s office before the patient has an opportunity to talk with an anesthesiologist or nurse anesthetist; reliance on the surgeon to conduct an informed consent discussion for anesthesia presumes that they are as competent as an anesthesia professional to do this. Informed consent for anesthesia should be provided by those who are competent to do so. This important task pertains to a unique scope of practice and should not be delegated to those lacking this specialized knowledge and training.
Dr. O’Leary is an Associate Professor of Anesthesiology, Vice Chair for Clinical Affairs, and Director of Preoperative Services at SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York. Ms. McGraw is Associate Counsel at SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York.
- American Society of Anesthesiologists syllabus on ethics 1999: introduction to informed consent. Park Ridge, IL: American Society of Anesthesiologists, 1999:A-1. Available at: http://www.asahq.org/publicationsAndServices/EthicsSyllabus.pdf. Accessed April 4, 2008.
- American Medical Association. Professional resources (legal issues) informed consent. Available at: http://www.ama-assn.org/ama/pub/category/4608.html Accessed on March 15, 2008. | <urn:uuid:47d22347-f7f1-446b-88ba-44cd2431f6a5> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.apsf.org/article/informed-consent-requires-active-communication/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.929624 | 2,424 | 2.828125 | 3 |
Invertebrates unlike fish do not have a backbone (vertebrae), rather they have a hard shell or exoskeleton which supports their body. This group contains a range of crustaceans which are fascinating creatures and add new interest and excitement to any aquarium tank. Many of these are native to Australia and are locally bred. Another interesting fact about crustaceans is that they grow by shedding their shell and growing a new shell – it is not uncommon to find an empty shell in the tank after they have moulted.
Land Hermit Crabs in particular are an excellent pet for young children, and as their name suggests do not live in water and are therefore relatively easy to look after when compared to other species!
The other group of invertebrates of interest are snails or molluscs, which are useful for helping to control algae. However, some snail species can eat aquatic plants and may themselves be eaten by certain species of fish such as Clown Loaches.
Please select from the following Care Sheets. | <urn:uuid:312b8dc8-5d43-476e-8226-4b4cb7cecae7> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.aquariumindustries.com.au/fish-care/freshwater-invertebrates/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.965163 | 211 | 3.25 | 3 |
Welcome Asensio, Here’s Your Ultimate Guide to Happiness
Life is a journey filled with ups and downs, and it is normal to feel unhappy at times. However, it is crucial to understand that happiness is a choice that you can make for yourself. Happiness is not a destination, but a state of being that we can cultivate through intentional actions and habits. In this article, we will be exploring ways to be happy truly. From cultivating a positive mindset to seeking fulfilling relationships, we will equip you with the tools and knowledge to live the happiest life possible.
Table of Contents
Creating a Positive Mindset
Prioritizing Your Health
Fostering Fulfilling Relationships
Pursuing Your Passions
Contributing to the Community
Closing Statement with Disclaimer
Life is often challenging, and the complexities that we face along the way make it challenging to stay happy. But, do you know that happiness is a state of mind that can make life more enjoyable and meaningful? Happiness is not something that can be acquired from external sources, but it is a state of mind that you can cultivate intentionally.
The purpose of this article is to provide you with practical ways to build long-term happiness that you can utilize to lead a fulfilling and satisfying life. We will examine various aspects of life that contribute to happiness and provide insight on how to develop habits that promote well-being.
Let’s dive in!
What is Happiness?
Before exploring ways to achieve happiness, it is essential to establish a clear understanding of what happiness is. Happiness is a positive state of mind that is experienced from an overall sense of well-being and contentment. Happiness is not a fleeting emotion that is triggered by specific events or experiences but rather a long-term state of being.
While external factors such as material possessions, relationships, and achievements can contribute to feelings of happiness, true happiness is an internal state of being. It is a deeply personal experience that is unique to each individual.
In the following sections, we will explore different aspects of life that contribute to overall well-being and provide insight into how to cultivate happiness in these areas.
The Science of Happiness
Research has shown that happiness is not solely determined by external factors such as wealth, social status, or job satisfaction. While these factors can contribute to feelings of happiness, studies show that happiness is a more complex phenomenon that is heavily influenced by internal factors and personal outlook.
Positive psychology, a field of psychology that focuses on the study of positive emotions and human flourishing, has shed light on the underlying factors that contribute to happiness. According to positive psychology, happiness is determined by three primary components: pleasure, engagement, and meaning.
Pleasure: Pleasure is the experience of positive emotions such as joy, contentment, and satisfaction. Pleasure is often associated with external experiences such as receiving a gift or spending time with loved ones.
Engagement: Engagement is the experience of being fully immersed and absorbed in an activity or experience. It is often referred to as being “in the zone,” and it involves a sense of focused attention and effortless concentration.
Meaning: Meaning refers to the sense of purpose and fulfillment that we derive from our lives. It involves feeling that our life has a purpose and that we are making a positive contribution to the world.
Overall, happiness is a complex interplay between external and internal factors, and cultivating long-term happiness requires an intentional focus on developing positive internal habits and outlooks.
The Benefits of Happiness
The benefits of happiness are widespread and encompass all aspects of life, including mental, physical, and social well-being. Research has shown that happiness is associated with the following benefits:
Better health: Studies have shown that happier individuals are more likely to have better physical health, lower stress levels, and stronger immune systems.
Improved relationships: Happy individuals tend to have more stable and fulfilling relationships with friends, family, and romantic partners.
Increased productivity: Happiness has been linked to increased work productivity and job satisfaction.
Increased resilience: Happier individuals tend to be more resilient in the face of adversity, enabling them to cope with stress, setbacks, and challenges more effectively.
Overall, happiness is a fundamental component of well-being that contributes to a more fulfilling and enjoyable life.
The False Pursuit of Happiness
The pursuit of happiness is a fundamental aspect of human nature, and it is a pursuit that often leads to various misconceptions and false notions. The following are some common misconceptions about happiness:
Happiness is a destination: Many people view happiness as a destination, an endpoint that can be reached by achieving a particular set of external goals or accomplishments. However, happiness is not a destination but a journey that requires an intentional focus on cultivating positive internal habits and outlooks.
Happiness is permanent: Happiness is often viewed as a permanent state that can be attained and maintained indefinitely. However, happiness is a dynamic state, and it can fluctuate depending on circumstances, life events, and internal factors.
Happiness is an individual pursuit: Happiness is often assumed to be an individual pursuit, but research has shown that social connections and relationships play a crucial role in cultivating long-term happiness.
Overall, happiness is a multifaceted phenomenon that requires an intentional focus on internal habits and outlooks rather than external factors.
Creating a Positive Mindset
The Power of Positive Thinking
Positive thinking is a cornerstone of happiness, and it involves intentionally focusing on the positive aspects of life rather than dwelling on negative thoughts and experiences. Positive thinking has been shown to have a wide range of benefits, including:
Reduced stress: Positive thinking can help reduce stress levels and lessen the impact of negative events and experiences.
Improved relationships: Positive thinking can improve communication and foster more meaningful relationships with others.
Increased resilience: Positive thinking can help develop greater resilience and adaptability in the face of challenges and setbacks.
Overall, positive thinking is a powerful tool for cultivating happiness and well-being.
Practicing gratitude involves intentionally focusing on the positive elements of life and expressing appreciation for them. Research has shown that practicing gratitude can have a wide range of benefits, including:
Reduced stress: Gratitude has been shown to reduce stress levels and improve overall well-being.
Better relationships: Practicing gratitude can improve relationships by increasing appreciation and cultivating positive communication.
Increase in self-esteem: Gratitude has been linked to increased self-esteem and overall life satisfaction.
Overall, gratitude is a powerful tool for cultivating happiness and well-being.
Managing Negative Thoughts
Negative thoughts can have a profound impact on overall happiness and well-being. The following are some strategies for managing negative thoughts:
Identify and challenge negative thoughts: Identifying and challenging negative thoughts can help reduce their impact and increase overall happiness.
Cultivate positive self-talk: Practicing positive self-talk can help reduce the impact of negative thoughts and foster a more positive outlook.
Engage in positive activities: Engaging in positive activities such as exercise or hobbies can help distract from negative thoughts and promote well-being.
Overall, managing negative thoughts is an essential aspect of cultivating a positive mindset and promoting happiness and well-being.
The Science of Gratitude
Gratitude is a powerful emotion that is associated with a wide range of benefits for both mental and physical health. Research has shown that practicing gratitude can have the following benefits:
Reduced stress: Gratitude has been linked to lower levels of stress and anxiety.
Better sleep: Practicing gratitude has also been linked to better sleep quality and overall mental health.
Increased well-being: Regular practice of gratitude has been shown to increase overall well-being and life satisfaction.
Overall, cultivating gratitude is an essential aspect of promoting happiness and well-being.
Practicing Gratitude Daily
Practicing gratitude involves regularly focusing on the positive aspects of life and expressing appreciation for them. The following are some strategies for cultivating gratitude on a daily basis:
Start a gratitude journal: Writing down things that you are grateful for each day can help cultivate a sense of appreciation and positivity.
Express gratitude to others: Expressing gratitude to others can help deepen relationships and foster a more positive outlook.
Focus on the present moment: Intentionally focusing on the present moment can help cultivate awareness of the positive aspects of life and increase overall gratitude.
Overall, regular practice of gratitude is an essential aspect of promoting happiness and well-being.
The Power of Giving Back
Contributing to the community and helping others is a powerful way to cultivate feelings of gratitude and promote overall happiness and well-being. The following are some ways to give back:
Volunteering: Volunteering for local organizations or charities is a powerful way to give back to the community and cultivate feelings of gratitude and well-being.
Donating: Donating to charities or causes that align with your values is another powerful way to contribute to the community and promote well-being.
Random acts of kindness: Simple acts of kindness such as helping a neighbor or buying coffee for a stranger can have a profound impact on overall happiness and well-being.
Overall, giving back to the community is a powerful way to cultivate feelings of gratitude and promote overall happiness and well-being.
Prioritizing Your Health
The Importance of Self-Care
Self-care is a critical aspect of overall well-being and happiness. The following are some strategies for prioritizing self-care:
Exercise regularly: Regular exercise is linked to improved mental and physical health, reduced stress levels, and increased overall well-being.
Eat a healthy diet: A healthy diet rich in fruits and vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins is essential for maintaining overall health and promoting happiness and well-being.
Get enough sleep: Getting enough sleep is essential for promoting overall health and well-being.
Overall, prioritizing self-care is essential for promoting overall happiness and well-being.
The Benefits of Mindful Living
Mindful living involves intentional focus on the present moment, and it is a powerful tool for promoting happiness and well-being. The following are some benefits of mindful living:
Reduced stress: Mindful living can help reduce stress levels and promote overall well-being.
Improved mental health: Mindful living has been shown to improve overall mental health and reduce symptoms of anxiety and depression.
Better relationships: Mindful living can improve communication and foster more meaningful relationships with others.
Overall, mindful living is a powerful tool for promoting happiness and well-being.
Fostering Fulfilling Relationships
The Importance of Relationships
Strong and fulfilling relationships are essential for overall happiness and well-being. The following are some benefits of strong relationships:
Better mental health: Strong relationships have been linked to improved overall mental health and reduced symptoms of anxiety and depression.
Reduced stress: Having strong relationships can help reduce stress levels and promote overall well-being.
Increased sense of purpose: Strong relationships can provide a sense of belonging and purpose, contributing to overall life satisfaction.
Overall, fostering strong relationships is essential for promoting overall happiness and well-being.
Developing Strong Relationships
The following are some strategies for developing strong relationships:
Communicate openly: Open communication is essential for developing strong and meaningful relationships.
Practice empathy: Practicing empathy can help deepen relationships and foster understanding and connection.
Be present: Being present and attentive is essential for developing strong and meaningful relationships.
Overall, developing strong relationships is essential for promoting overall happiness and well-being.
Pursuing Your Passions
The Importance of Passion
Pursuing passions and interests is essential for promoting overall happiness and well-being. The following are some benefits of pursuing passions:
Increased self-esteem: Pursuing passions can increase overall self-esteem and self-worth.
Reduced stress: Engaging in passions and hobbies can help reduce stress levels and promote overall well-being.
Improved mental health: Pursuing passions and interests can contribute to overall mental health and well-being.
Overall, pursuing passions and interests is essential for promoting overall happiness and well-being.
Overcoming Barriers to Pursuing Passions
The following are some strategies for overcoming barriers to pursuing passions and interests:
Make time: Making time for passions and interests is essential for promoting overall happiness and well-being.
Embrace uncertainty: Being open to uncertainty and new experiences is essential for pursuing passions and interests.
Be persistent: Perseverance and persistence are essential for overcoming obstacles and achieving success in pursuing passions and interests.
Overall, overcoming barriers to pursuing passions is essential for promoting overall happiness and well-being. | <urn:uuid:424cd035-34e2-4603-a91d-74b7c799f0ae> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.asensioexposed.com/how-to-be-happy | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.937587 | 2,602 | 2.546875 | 3 |
It is Not Wisdom but Authority That Makes a Law – T. Tymoff
The quote, “It is not wisdom but authority that makes a law ” attributed to T. Tymoff, raises important questions about the nature of laws and their source of legitimacy. This informative article will delve deep into this thought-provoking statement, exploring its historical context, implications for our legal systems, and the ongoing debate surrounding the balance between wisdom and authority in lawmaking.
We must first take into account the historical setting in which T. Tymoff’s comment originated in order to fully comprehend its relevance. Laws and legal systems have always been essential to upholding social order and controlling behavior. Regulations were frequently taken from royal decrees or religious writings in many ancient cultures. These laws were imposed by authority and were not always founded in common sense or morality.
These ancient legal systems, in which rulers held absolute power, are the source of the notion that rules are shaped by authority rather than intelligence. As cultures developed over time, philosophical ideas started to have an impact on legal theory, highlighting the significance of morality and wisdom in the creation of laws. Nonetheless, there is still conflict when it comes to knowledge and authority while making laws.
The Wise Man’s Place in Lawmaking
On the other hand, wisdom is the capacity to prioritize moral values, make wise decisions, and take the long view into account while enacting legislation. Laws should ideally be a reflection of society’s collective understanding, derived from historical, philosophical, and honest perspectives to advance justice, equity, and the welfare of all citizens.
Many advocates of wisdom-based lawmaking contend that moral and ethical standards, not just the use of power, should serve as the foundation for legislation. They argue that laws that are grounded in knowledge have a greater chance of being enduring, fostering social harmony, and advancing justice. In lawmaking, however, striking a balance between authority and knowledge is a difficult and continuous task.
Discussion and Disagreement
The conflict between authority and wisdom in the drafting of laws has been discussed and contested for millennia. Political theorists, legal scholars, and philosophers have debated issues like:
Should the authority of elected individuals determine laws, or should moral and ethical values be the primary basis for lawmaking?
How can civilizations make sure that power is used properly and for the benefit of the people?
Are there any situations where maintaining stability and order requires power to take precedence over wisdom?
How can we strike a compromise between the stability that established authority offers and society’s evolving wisdom and values?
There are no simple answers to these queries, and historical, political, and cultural variables frequently have an impact. In the process of developing laws, the ratio of authority to intelligence can differ greatly throughout societies and even within the same organization over time.
Legal Institutions’ Function
Legal institutions play a crucial role in navigating the delicate balance between wisdom and authority in modern legal systems. For example, courts ensure that laws are in line with constitutional principles and fairness by interpreting and applying them. This serves as a check on the power of legislators.
A key component of democratic administration is the judiciary’s responsibility in examining and, where necessary, overturning laws that are unwise or violate fundamental rights. It illustrates that the power to enact laws is not unqualified and may be subject to judicial examination on the basis of moral and legal grounds.
The Impact of General Public Opinion
The interaction between knowledge and authority in lawmaking is also greatly influenced by public opinion. In democracies, the opinions and principles of the people can put pressure on legislators to take the public’s knowledge into account when making decisions. Laws that are sensible and authoritative can be promoted by advocacy groups, public protests, and polite conversation.
Furthermore, the emergence of the internet era has provided people and groups with previously unheard-of access to information and forums for sharing their opinions on legal issues. This has made it possible for a wider variety of voices to weigh in on the wisdom and authority of laws, thereby democratizing the process of establishing laws.
A useful way to demonstrate the ideas of wisdom and authority in lawmaking is to look at particular case studies where these dynamics are present.
Case Study : Repressive Laws and Autocratic Regimes
When enacting laws, authoritarian regimes all over the world frequently put power above reason. These countries regularly pass oppressive laws that violate human rights, restrict liberties, and crush dissent. In such instances, the wisdom of moral and ethical principles is marginalized and the power to make laws is centralized within a select few or one person.
Such authority-driven legislation frequently has disastrous results, including massive violations of human rights and civil instability. In such circumstances, the fight for justice typically entails the restoration of wisdom-based values and the holding of individuals in positions of authority responsible for their deeds.
The quotation from T. Tymoff that states, “It is not wisdom but authority that makes a law,” captures an underlying conflict in the process of producing laws that has existed throughout human history. Although legal systems require authority to function, wisdom and ethical concerns are equally important in crafting just and equitable rules.
The dynamic interplay between wisdom and authority in lawmaking is subject to changes in governance, culture, and society. Finding the correct balance necessitates ongoing attention to detail, a dedication to democratic ideals, and a readiness to have animated discussions about the moral and ethical precepts that need to guide our legal systems.
In the end, how authority and knowledge interact during the legislative process represents our goals and ideals. It serves as a reminder that the wisdom and morality that laws uphold are just as important to their validity as the authority of those who enact them. We must keep a critical eye on the laws that rule us and seek to ensure that they represent the best of authority and knowledge in our never-ending pursuit of fairness and equity. | <urn:uuid:8a20ab17-91a8-4c5e-b3b1-68aba667ca1a> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.atoallinks.com/2023/it-is-not-wisdom-but-authority-that-makes-a-law-t-tymoff/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.948474 | 1,208 | 3.3125 | 3 |
Conservation the Length of the Americas
From Arctic tundra to South American wetlands
The birds of the Pacific Flyway depend on a diverse chain of habitats, from Arctic tundra and northwestern rainforest to tropical beaches and mangroves. Audubon’s network of chapters, volunteers, activists, and members is preserving and restoring these vital links along the way.
Each year at least a billion birds migrate along the Pacific Flyway, but these birds are only a fraction of those that used the flyway a century ago. Habitat loss, water shortages, diminishing food sources, and climate change all threaten the birds of the Pacific Flyway. | <urn:uuid:2f9ff223-fd33-465f-923e-71d9b06f955d> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.audubon.org/pacific-flyway?site=sewardpark&nid=8646&origin=conservation/bat-activity-trends-volunteer-event | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.899567 | 134 | 3.625 | 4 |
Acne, Blemishes, Zits or Pimples – whatever you choose to call them, all come under the heading of Acne Vulgaris, which is the most common skin condition.
Acne Vulgaris is a skin disease, which effects up to 85% of people at some point in their lives, most commonly during teenage years. Whether it is mild, moderate or severe it can have damaging physical and psychological effects. For many people it is a passing, unwelcome problem, but for others it can be a severe and ongoing issue, which often results in scarring if left untreated.
Acne Needs To Be Treated Early and Quickly!
Unfortunately, 70% of people with stubborn, moderate to severe Acne never even seek help from a doctor. The good news though is that Acne is treatable. The scarring caused by acne can also be reduced through treatment. There is no ‘quick fix’ for acne but by following the advice of your doctor, acne can be treated very effectively.
The Causes of Acne
There are three main causes of Acne:
- Increased Oil or Sebum Production
- Dead skin cell build up, causing a blockage to the hair follicle opening
- Bacteria and Inflammation
If these are not treated the skin can become quite painful and potentially cause scarring. Certain triggers like poor skin hygiene, greasy or comedogenic creams and certain foods can also exacerbate the causes of Acne.
- Increased oil or sebum production
Our oil producing glands naturally keep our skin healthy but occasionally the distribution between these glands is thrown out of wack and a greater amount of oil is released than is actually needed. This can happen when the body goes through hormonal changes and can also be exacerbated by certain dietary triggers. Some people’s glands struggle to regulate an equal amount of oil despite a stable diet or hormonal instability.
- Dead skin cells blocking the hair follicle opening
When skin cells die they are shed and naturally come away from the body to be replaced with healthy new skin cells. Occasionally these dead skin cells can clump together in a hair follicle and form a plug or blockage. They combine with the skin’s natural oils to form a clump (like a cork) that blocks the hair follicle opening causing oil to build up creating a small lump (called a Comedone). These are great culture mediums for bacteria and can become infected.
- Bacteria and inflammation
Bacteria occurs naturally on the skin and a little actually helps to keep the skin healthy but there always needs to be a balance. Bacteria breeds very well in blocked hair follicles and can cause the blockage or Comedome to become infected. If there are too many Comedomes the skin in that area can become red and painful. Swelling can occur and it may cause the Comedome to rupture, resulting in a cyst or lesion that may scar. It is important not to pick or squeeze the Acne despite how it may look, as this can actually spread the bacteria and cause scarring or pitting after the inflammation has faded.
Treatments for Acne
At the Austin Clinic we have been running an Acne Treatment Clinic for over 15 years and have many tried and tested methods that give remarkable improvement. Unfortunately we do not have a magic wand and cannot make your Acne go away overnight. It will take time but these methods do work! We always tailor a treatment plan specifically to suit you and work with you to make adjustments to your plan as needed.
An initial consultation with the doctor is required to take your history, discuss your potential triggers and what you may or may not have used already to treat your Acne. At the end of this consultation the doctor will give you a treatment plan which may include a combination of the following treatment options:
- topical antibiotics
- topical skin care products
- oral antibiotics
- hormonal treatments
- a food plan
- microdermabrasion treatments possibly combined with photonlight treatments
- chemical peel treatments
Normally a follow up consultation is recommended at 4 – 6 weeks after your initial consultation to see how you are going with your treatment plan and if any adjustments are needed. If you have any queries or concerns with your treatment plan at all we are only a phone call away and our skin therapists are more than happy to walk you through your skin care regime again or give you additional skin care advice. If you feel another appointment with the doctor would be more beneficial they can of course arrange another appointment for you as well.
Treatments for Acne Scarring
The best scar treatment of all is prevention, which is why we always recommend seeking advice for Acne treatment from your doctor soon as possible. Acne scarring cannot be treated until your active Acne has been dealt with.
Most minor scarring on the face often does not need treatment and will fade over time. For those with deeper scarring or pitting there are several options.
- Microdermabrasion – a consistent treatment regime can help to reduce minor to moderate acne scarring
- Silicon gel – can help to reduce minor to moderate acne scarring. This works best on newer scars
- Dermal needling – can help reduce moderate to severe acne scarring. Several sessions are required. It helps to break up the scar tissue and allow the skin to rejuvenate
A consultation with the doctor is needed to determine which treatment would be most suitable for your scarring.
Q: Do I need a consultation with the doctor?
A: Yes, an initial consultation is required in order to tailor a treatment plan specifically to your skin condition.
Q: How much does an initial consultation cost?
A: An initial consultation with the doctor is approximately $140 and you get about half of that back from Medicare. The cost of the consultation may vary depending on the time, nature and if any treatment is done during.
Q: How long will my Acne take to get better?
A: That depends on a number of factors which the doctor will go over with you in your initial consultation. Generally speaking your Acne is not going to clear up overnight. You should start seeing some improvement within a few weeks of following our treatment plan for you but realistically it will take 2-3 months to see a marked improvement.
Q: Do I need another consultation if I just need a new script?
A: If it has been more than a year since you have seen the doctor or you need a script for something new then you will need to make an appointment. If not, reception will be able to arrange for the doctor to write you a new one ,which you can pick up or we can post out. | <urn:uuid:35556972-aafb-4d27-ad28-7856e4890705> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.austinclinic.com.au/concerns/skin-conditions/acne-acne-scarring/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.951368 | 1,378 | 3.15625 | 3 |
Sea level rise is one of the most significant environmental challenges facing the world today. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), global sea levels have risen by 0.2 meters over the past century, and the rate of sea level rise has accelerated in recent decades.
While estimates vary, around 1.5 billion people are at risk of flooding due to sea level rise. However, the vast majority of people have contributed very little to the causes of sea level rise.
There is a popular yet concerning statistic that is often tossed around:
“Roughly 100 companies are responsible for 70% of global emissions which are one of the main drivers of sea level rise”
Yet these companies are not the ones facing the rising tides; it’s largely the global majority and the poorest people on the planet who bear the brunt of it. The injustice could not be more clear. People are losing their homes and even their homelands as the result of irresponsible emissions practices by companies pulling in billions of revenue.
Who is Most at Risk?
In United States, the East Coast is particularly vulnerable to sea level rise due to its low-lying topography and high population density.
About 40% Of Americans living in coastal areas live in ares considered “at risk” of flooding. The majority of these are Black and minority communities. Often, they were the ones living in flood planes due to share cropping and redlining tactics.
Furthermore, other social injustices like the lack of green space and therefore permeable surfaces in BIPOC neighborhoods worsen flood events. And this report indicats that BIPOC communities are also more likely to have storm drain systems that are not up to date and cannot handle the water levels.
These issues are further worsened because of the differences in the rates at which sea levels will rise on the East Coast.
Different Impacts Correspond to Different Rates of Rise
The seas will not rise at one uniform level as if you were overfilling a cup in the sink.
The map below shows expected trends in sea level rise along the East Coast. Higher risk is indicated by larger and redder arrows, showing Norfolk as the most at risk area pictured. Due to the variety of coastal topography, the impacts of oceanic currents and other environmental factors, specific regions are at far higher risk than other areas.
Emergency services and their response times may vary in different communities so it is very important for communities to understand how prone their land is to flooding.
A recent study, for example highlights the injustices that can be seen in the level of damages experienced by different communities during flooding events. When looking at the decimation of Houston in the wake of Hurricane Harvey we can see that the majority of people living in the existing flood plains are minorities. Furthermore we see that these ares have fewer resources and generally receive lower response times in flooding events then their white neighbors despite being the ones living in the active flood plain.
These inequalities are also perpetuated by the structure of America’s Flood Insurance Program.
The National Flood Insurance Program Exacerbates Injustice
The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) is the government program that provides flood insurance to homeowners and businesses in flood-prone areas. While the program was created to help those who are most vulnerable to flooding, it has been criticized for perpetuating social injustice and exacerbating inequality.
One of the key social justice issues associated with the NFIP is that it has historically subsidized flood insurance premiums for wealthy homeowners, which means that low-income families, who are often unable to afford flood insurance, end up subsidizing the insurance premiums for wealthier homeowners. This results in an unfair distribution of resources, with the most vulnerable communities being left without adequate protection.
Additionally, the NFIP has been criticized for not adequately addressing the root causes of flooding, such as climate change and poor land-use policies. By providing flood insurance without addressing the underlying causes of flooding, the program is effectively treating the symptoms of a larger problem, rather than addressing the problem itself. This can be clearly seen in these maps of Houston’s flooding in the wake of Hurricane Harvey that further highlight the higher risk of flood-induced toxics exposure experienced by minority communities in proximity to industrial sites.
Another issue with the NFIP is that it can incentivize people to live in flood-prone areas, as they know that they will be able to obtain flood insurance. This can lead to the development of more homes and businesses in these areas, which in turn can increase the risk of flooding for everyone in the community. This dynamic can be particularly harmful for low-income families, who may not have the resources to move to safer areas.
In recent years, there have been efforts to reform the NFIP to address these social justice issues. For example, some have called for the program to prioritize funding for low-income communities, rather than subsidizing premiums for wealthy homeowners. Additionally, there have been calls to invest in measures that can help prevent flooding, such as improving infrastructure and implementing better land-use policies.
What Can You Do?
As sea level rise continues it is important for homeowners to understand their own risk as well as understanding the inherent risks and flaws that exist in the current system.
There are steps individuals can take to reduce the risk of sea level rise as well as combatting some of the injustices that come along with it.
- implement flood mitigation measures, such as elevating your home above projected flood levels, installing storm-resistant windows and doors, and using waterproofing materials to prevent water damage.
- create natural drainage systems like rain gardens, green roofs, and permeable pavement to reduce runoff and improve water quality. These two websites provide further insight into these possible solutions.
On a political level:
- Advocate for policies that prioritize climate action and resilience
- Call your local and state representatives
- Attended local community meetings and town halls
- Support green infrastructure projects
- Donate to relevant organization and campaigns
These steps will also help minority communities facing increased impacts from flooding.
Many people are unaware that flooding is an issue that disproportionately affects BIPOC and low-income communities. Raising awareness, as well as advocating for justice-focused climate policies can help support the communities most affected by flooding and sea level rise. | <urn:uuid:ac169096-3461-4a0d-9848-8b7d93180015> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.bard.edu/cep/blog/?p=13984 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.959374 | 1,290 | 3.859375 | 4 |
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