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Education for the 21st century: learning to learn
Peace is proclaimed in treaties but made in the hearts and minds of peoples. The premise on which UNESCO is founded remains as true as when it was affirmed fifty years ago following "the great and terrible war . . . made possible by the denial of the democratic principles of the dignity, equality and mutual respect of men, and by the propagation in their place, through ignorance and prejudice, of the doctrine of the inequality of men and races."
The Israeli and Palestinian peoples, sustained by the political vision and courage of their leaders, are engaged in an historic process of reconciliation aimed at bringing to an end long years of bloodshed and injustice and laying the foundations for the construction of a culture of peace within their societies, their territories and their region.
At this time when their commitment to peace is being so cruelly tested, I appeal to the Israeli and Palestinian peoples not to be deflected from their course by the terrorist's blind savagery. Let the actions of the extremists be seen for what they are impotence in the face of the peace process, an attack on peace itself that is a challenge not only for the Israeli and Palestinian peoples but for all the countries concerned.
Such outrages must not be allowed to prompt a return to the vicious circle of retaliatory violence. The firmest measures must be taken to stamp out terrorism which is why I strongly support current initiatives to co-ordinate action against terrorism in the region. We must show that our vision of peace with justice is stronger and more enduring than any sectarian doctrine of hatred and exclusion. Let peace be our common combat and shared victory.
I invite all those men and women who share the conviction expressed in this Appeal to manifest their steadfast commitment to the peace process in the Middle East by writing to me at UNESCO.
Federico Mayor, Director-General of UNESCO | <urn:uuid:12254402-b86c-4e17-bc87-4a5d8a46398e> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://zh.unesco.org/courier/april-1996 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100527.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20231204083733-20231204113733-00400.warc.gz | en | 0.958023 | 380 | 2.84375 | 3 |
When it comes to studying to get a chemical certification exam, lots of chemistry students favor to take notes working with any note book they are able to uncover.
But what’s this “what is cl in chemistry” nonsense?
I attended a chemistry education class at my neighborhood college several years ago. cheap paper writing service During the course from the class, one of my classmates asked what exactly is cl in chemistry. That classmate then proceeded to show me a chart around the back from the biology textbook that lists the various elements by their atomic number.
I looked in the chart, wondering what element it was named. When I looked again, I realized that it was the term that I had been on the lookout for, TBU. A friend and I have been debating this for years. How did he figure it out?
The subsequent day, I checked with my chemistry teacher, who pointed out that the term TBU is actually the atomic quantity of hydrogen. This is the reason the reference chart listed it as the element. The formula for the TBU compound is H two.
That’s where the term “cl” came from. In chemistry, the atomic quantity refers towards the quantity of protons inside a certain element. There are lots of distinct numbers for every single element, and they represent diverse types of compounds.
Hydrogen could be the most typical element, since it is in all the issues we use every single day. Several factors contain only hydrogen. Take soap, by way of example.
Soap has two hydrogen atoms, due to the fact they make the molecules stiff adequate to become in a position to trap the dirt from our skin. But there are actually also other sorts of hydrogen compounds, for instance water, methane, and glycerol. These compounds aren’t utilised as creating blocks for new compounds, write my essay but are simply not critical for every day living.
Glycerol is actually a big element of cooking oils. It makes the cooking smell pleasant. It also has some properties that allow it to bond with specific supplies, forming new compounds.
Hydrogen could be used to kind almost any compound, because it has more protons than any other element. This makes it a important ingredient in the construction of pretty much everything.
Any person who has taken a course in human anatomy and even made use of a normal textbook on anatomy, can inform you that hydrogen is vital inside the body’s chemistry. Hydrogen may be the easiest element to assimilate, and would be the element that all other compounds are made up of.
To read in regards to the TBU compound inside a college textbook, you would must appear up the atomic quantity of each with the hydrogen atoms. Having said that, in order to understand concerning the compound’s properties, including its resistance to heat or its capability to carry chemical compounds, you’ll have to appear up the molecular weight of the compound.
When you do this, you can study about what’s referred to as the tBU compound. paper editing It is possible to understand all about this compound, and also you can study it by yourself in any classroom or laboratory. | <urn:uuid:1035fdc0-451f-4878-894a-34e69a8b7d81> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | http://aqdcon.com/what-is-cl-in-chemistry-a-sensible-guide-to-understanding-the-atomic-quantity-of-h-and-t-within-the-molecular-weight-of-a-molecule-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.966561 | 651 | 3.59375 | 4 |
In digital audio Bit Depth governs the Dynamic Range and Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), but the relationships often lead to confusion. I thought it was worth a quick discussion to see if I can maybe shed some light on that. But then I found that my ramblings went a little further than I originally intended. So read on…
First of all, it is clear that the bit depth sets some sort of lower limit on the magnitude of the signal that can be digitally encoded. With a 16-bit PCM system, the magnitude of the signal must be encoded as one of 65,536 levels. You can think of them as going from 0 to 65,535 but in practice they are used from -32,768 to +32,767 which gives us a convenient way to store both the negative and positive excursions of a typical audio signal. If the magnitude of the signal is such that its peaks exceed ±32,767 then we have a problem because we don’t have levels available to record those values. This sets an upper limit on the magnitude of a signal we can record.
On the other hand, if we progressively attenuate the signal, making it smaller and smaller, eventually we will get to the point where its peaks barely register at ±1. If we attenuate it even further, then it will fail to register at all and it will be encoded as silence. This sets the lower limit on the magnitude of the signal we can record. Yes, there are some ifs and buts associated with both of these scenarios, but for the purpose of this post they don’t make a lot of difference.
The ratio between the upper and lower limits of the magnitudes that we can record is the Dynamic Range of the recording system. The mathematics of this works out to be quite simple. Each bit of the bit depth provides almost exactly 6dB of Dynamic Range. So, if we are using a 16-bit system our Dynamic Range will be ~96dB (= 16x6). And if we increase it to 24-bits the Dynamic Range increases to ~144dB (= 24x6). For those of you who want the exact formula, it is 1.76 + 6.06D (where D is the bit depth).
So far, so good. But where does the SNR come into it? The answer, and the reason why it is the cause of so much confusion, is that both the signal and the noise are frequency dependent. Both may be spread over several frequencies, which may be similar or different frequencies. Sometimes you don’t actually know too much about the frequency distributions of either. Therefore, in order to be able to analyze and measure the ratios of one to the other, you often need to be able to look at the frequency distributions of both.
The way to do that is to take the audio data and use your computer to put it through a Fourier Transform. This breaks the audio data down into individual frequencies, and for each frequency it tells you how much of that particular frequency is present in the audio data. If you plot all these data points on a graph you get the audio data’s Frequency Spectrum. In digital audio, we use a variant of the Fourier Transform called a DFT, which takes as its input a specific part of the audio data comprising a number of consecutive samples. With a DFT the number of audio samples ends up being the same as the number of frequencies in the resulting Frequency Spectrum, so if we use a lot of audio data we can obtain very good resolution in the frequency spectrum. However, if we use too may samples it can make the calculation itself excessively laborious, so most audio DFTs are usually derived from between 1,000 and 65,000 samples.
In principle, we can synthesize an audio data file containing nothing but a 1kHz pure tone, with no noise whatsoever. If we looked at the DFT of that data file we would see a signal at the 1kHz frequency point, and absolutely nothing everywhere else. This makes sense, because we have some signal, and no noise at all. I can also synthesize a noise file by filling each audio sample with random numbers. If the numbers are truly random, we get White Noise. I can encode my white noise at full power (where the maximum positive and negative going encoded values are ±32,767), or I can attenuate it by 96dB so that the maximum positive and negative going encoded values are ±1. If I attenuate it by more than that I only get silence.
Suppose I look at an DFT of my synthesized music data file containing white noise at -96dB. Suppose my DFT uses 8,196 samples, and consequently I end up with a Frequency Response with 8,196 frequencies. What do we expect to see? Most people would expect to see the noise value at each frequency to be -96dB, but they would be wrong. The value is much lower than that. [Furthermore, there is a lot of “noise” in the frequency response itself, although for the purposes of this post we are going to ignore that aspect of it.] Basically, the noise is more or less equally shared out among the 8,192 frequencies, so the noise at each frequency is approximately 1/8192 of the total noise, or about 38dB down. The important result here is that the level of the noise floor in the DFT plot is a long way below the supposed -96dB noise floor, and how far below depends on the number of frequencies in the DFT. And there is more. DFTs use a thing called a ‘window function’ for reasons I have described in a previous post, and the choice of window function significantly impacts the level where the noise floor sits in the DFT plot.
If I make a synthesized music file containing a combination of a 1kHz pure tone and white noise at -96dB, and look at that in a DFT, what would we see? The answer is that the noise behaves exactly as I have previously described, with the level of the noise floor on the plot varying according to both the number of frequencies in the DFT and the choice of window function. The 1kHz pure tone is not affected, though. Because it is a 1kHz pure tone, its energy only appears at the one frequency in the DFT corresponding to 1kHz, and it really doesn’t matter that much how many frequencies there are in the DFT. [The choice of window function does impact both of those things, but for the purposes of this post I want to ignore that.]
The Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) is exactly what it says. It is the ratio of the the signal to the noise. If those values are expressed in a dB scale, then it is the difference between the two dB values. So if the signal is at -6dB and the noise is a -81dB, then the SNR will be 75dB, which is the difference between the two. But since we have seen that the actual measured value of the noise level varies depending on how we do the DFT, yet the measured value of the signal pretty much does not, then an SNR value derived from an DFT is not very useful when it comes to quoting numbers for comparison purposes. It is only useful when comparing two measurements made using the same DFT algorithms, set up with the exact same number of samples and the same window function.
Sometimes the SNR has to be measured purely in analog space. For example, you might measure the overall background hiss on a blank analog tape before recording anything on it. When you then make your recording, one measure of the SNR will be ratio between the level of the recording and the level of the tape hiss. Or you can measure the output of a microphone in a silent anechoic chamber before using the same microphone to make a recording. One measure of the SNR of the microphone would be the ratio between the two recorded levels. I use the term “one measure” of the SNR intentionally - because any time you measure SNR, whatever the tools and methods you use to make the measurement, the result is only of relevance if the methodology is well thought out and fully disclosed along with the results. In reality, the nuances and variables as such that you can write whole books about how to specify and measure SNR.
Clearly, if the noise component of the SNR is a broadband signal, such as the hiss from a blank tape or the signal from a microphone in a silent room, then my ability to accurately represent that noise in a PCM format is going to be limited by the bit depth and therefore by its Dynamic Range. But if I use a DFT to examine the spectral content of the noise signal, then, as I have just described, the noise is going to be spread over all of the frequencies and the component of the noise at each frequency will be proportionately lower. What does it mean, then, if the noise content at a given frequency is below the minimum level represented by the Dynamic Range? For example, in a 16-bit system, where the Dynamic Range is about 96dB, what does it mean if the noise level at any given frequency is measured using an DFT to be a long way below that - for example at -120dB? Clearly, that noise is being encoded, so we must conclude that a 16-bit system can encode noise at levels several 10’s of dB below what we thought was the minimum signal level that could be encoded. The question then arises, if we can encode noise at those levels, can we also encode signals?
The answer is yes we can, but at this point my challenge is to explain how this is possible in words of one proverbial syllable. My approach is to propose a thought experiment. Let’s take the white noise signal we talked about previously - the one at a level of -96dB which is just about encodable in a 16-bit PCM format. We took our DFT of this signal and found that the noise component at each frequency was way lower than -96dB - lets say that it was 30dB down at -126dB. Therefore the frequency content of the noise signal at one specific frequency - say, 1kHz - was at a level of -126dB. Let us therefore apply a hypothetical filter to the input signal such that we strip out every frequency except 1kHz. So now, we have taken our white noise signal at -96dB and filtered it to become a 1kHz signal at -126dB. Our DFT previously showed that we had managed to encode that signal, in the sense that our DFT registered its presence and measured its intensity. But, with the rest of the white noise filtered out, our input signal now comprises nothing but a single frequency at a level 30dB **below** the minimum level that can be represented by a 16-bit PCM system, and the result is pure, unadulterated, digital silence.
What happened there? When the 1kHz component was part of the noise, we could detect its presence in the encoded signal, but when the rest of the noise was stripped out leaving only the 1kHz component behind, that 1kHz component vanished also. It is clear that the presence of the totality of the noise is critical in permitting each of its component frequencies to be encoded. There is something about the presence of noise that enables information to be encoded in a PCM system at levels far below those determined solely by the bit depth.
Exactly what it is, though is beyond the scope of this post. I’m sorry, because I know you were salivating to hear the answer! But from this point on it boils down to ugly mathematics. However, this result forms the basis of a principle that can be used to accomplish a number of party tricks in the digital audio domain. These tricks include dithering, noise shaping, and sigma-delta modulation. With dithering, we can add a very small amount of noise in order for a larger amount of quantization-error-induced distortion to be eliminated. With noise shaping, we can reduce the noise level at frequencies where we are sensitive to noise, at the expense of increasing the noise at frequencies where it is less audible. And with sigma-delta modulation we can obtain state-of-the-art audio performance from a bit depth of as little as 1-bit, at the expense of a dramatic increase in the sample rate.
With DSD, for example, an entire audio stream with state-of-the-art performance can be made to lurk below the 1-bit Bit Depth. | <urn:uuid:df6cd4c9-900b-4d36-a4a1-b166be4787b0> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | http://bitperfectsound.blogspot.com/2015/07/lurking.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.952869 | 2,611 | 2.734375 | 3 |
Mosquitoes: Our Deadliest Enemy
Mosquitoes are our species’ largest historical killer. Some estimate they may have killed half of all humans who ever lived. Today, they infect hundreds of millions of people every year and kill someone every twelve seconds. Malaria stands out in the crowded field of mosquito-borne illnesses: it collectively takes 45 million years off human lives per year, while most other mosquito-borne diseases barely cross a million. It’s no wonder, then, that countless technologies have been developed to combat malaria. Among the most promising: gene drives.
A mosquito, like a human, inherits two copies of each gene, one from each parent. Both copies may have the same or different ‘alleles,’ or versions of, the gene. If one of its parents has been genetically modified with a gene drive, the mosquito will inherit one modified allele, while the other copy of the gene will be the ‘wild-type’ allele found in the general population. The altered allele cleverly encodes not just for a different version of the gene but also pieces of molecular machinery (guide RNA, Cas9, etc.) that snip out the wild-type allele. The modified cell then fixes the gap by copying the modified allele to replace the lost wild-type one, giving the mosquito two copies of the modified characteristic which it can then pass onto its offspring. Here are three ways that gene drives can fight malaria:
1. Since only female mosquitoes transmit malaria, skewing the sex ratio of offspring from roughly equal to almost 95% male can result in an entirely unisex population in as few as ten generations, resulting in a decrease in transmission of malaria and, in general, rapid population collapse.
2. Female mosquitoes can also be targeted by inserting female-sterility genes that, say, eliminate their ability to lay eggs or prevent those eggs from hatching. As these genes proliferate, female fertility will reduce and the number of mosquitoes available to spread disease will decrease.
3. Another option is making mosquitoes resistant to Plasmodium, the parasites that cause malaria. A promising study from last September found that modifying the gut genes of mosquitoes to promote secretion of antimicrobial amino acids stopped them from carrying and transmitting Plasmodium.
In sum, gene drives are a possible solution to eliminating malaria. The tightly-controlled yet rigorous tests occurring in labs and field locations around the world today will lead to the first informed, large-scale use of this powerful technology tomorrow!
Tyagi, B. K. (2023). Anophelenization of the Deserts. Desert Malaria. Springer. doi: 10.1007/978-981-19-7693-3_8
Winegard, T. (2020). People v mosquitos: what to do about our biggest killer. The Guardian. www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/sep/20/man-v-mosquito-biggest-killer-malaria-crispr
Whitfield, J. (2002). Portrait of a serial killer. Nature. doi: 10.1038/news021001-6
Cserti, C. M., & Dzik, W. H. (2007). The ABO blood group system and Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Blood, 110(7), 2250–2258. doi: 10.1182/blood-2007-03-077602
Wilson, A. L., Courtenay, O., Kelly-Hope, L. A., Scott, T. W., Takken, W., Torr, S. J., & Lindsay, S. W. (2020). The importance of vector control for the control and elimination of vector-borne diseases. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 14(1), e0007831. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007831
President’s Malaria Initiative (2023). Delivering Nets at the Last Mile: Success Through Promoting a Culture of Net Use. PMI. www.pmi.gov/delivering-nets-at-the-last-mile-success-through-promoting-a-culture-of-net-use
Duffy, P. E. (2022). Current approaches to malaria vaccines. Current Opinion in Microbiology, 70, 102227. doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2022.102227
Bier, E. (2022). Gene drives gaining speed. Nature Reviews Genetics, 23, 5–22. doi: 10.1038/s41576-021-00386-0
Simoni, A., Hammond, A. M., Beaghton, A. K., Galizi, R., Taxiarchi, C., Kyrou, K., …Crisanti, A. (2020). A male-biased sex-distorter gene drive for the human malaria vector Anopheles gambiae. Nature Biotechnology, 38, 1054–1060. doi: 10.1038/s41587-020-0508-1
Hammond, A., Galizi, R., Kyrou, K., Simoni, A., Siniscalchi, C., Katsanos, D., …Nolan, T. (2016). A CRISPR-Cas9 gene drive system targeting female reproduction in the malaria mosquito vector Anopheles gambiae. Nature Biotechnology, 34, 78–83. doi: 10.1038/nbt.3439
Hoermann, A., Habtewold, T., Selvaraj, P., Del Corsano, G., Capriotti, P., Inghilterra, M. G., …Windbichler, N. (2022). Gene drive mosquitoes can aid malaria elimination by retarding Plasmodium sporogonic development. Science Advances, 8(38), eabo1733. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abo1733
FrankRamspott. (2021, June 28). Biting midge insect. iStock. https://www.istockphoto.com/vector/biting-midge-insect-disease-vector-drawing-gm1325901112-410773437 | <urn:uuid:7e4a1e7a-8ec6-4034-ae9c-597af6b3f9e7> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | http://hiscience.avenues.school/2023/06/20/rushank-goyal/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.784089 | 1,320 | 3.546875 | 4 |
Jen: What's going on in the office? It seems like everyone is being really secretive.
Tom: I heard that Hank Silva is under fire for lying to clients.
Tom: I don't know all the info, but a number of clients have complained that they were promised more than they received. Some of the clients and even other employees are demanding he be fired, but management is doing an internal investigation.
Meaning: The expression "the be under fire" means that a person is being criticized. In the above example, Tom says that Hank is "under fire" because he's being criticized by clients and other employees. The expression comes from warfare, where "under fire" means that a person is under attack. However, the expression is now also used when someone is just being attacked verbally with criticism. The word "come" is also often used with "under fire" when discussing a situation when someone has recently "come under fire," as in the next example.
The politician recently came under fire after she made a controversial statement about immigration. Party officials attacked her for her statement, and many voters in her district are demanding an apology.
Visit our website: languagesystems.edu | <urn:uuid:2393365b-11ae-4c39-bfa9-d5a77b7ab717> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | http://idioms.languagesystems.edu/2017_06_18_archive.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.986474 | 244 | 2.6875 | 3 |
Wood Inlaid (Moaraq) is the art of substitution of the different parts of a design by colored pieces of wood and integrating them with each other in order to decorate the surface of a tableau or other wooden understructures. Although the beginning of the emergence of this art is unknown, but it seems that India is the main birthplace of this art. The origin of wood inlaid working in Iran has stemmed from the art of inlaid working on tile which has emerged in the late Ilkhanid Period and after Timurid Period. Lexically Inlaid (Moaraq) means a set comprised of tiny pieces joined together to form a mechanism. In wood inlaid working, according to the delicacy and complication of the design, different pieces of wood with a high variety of colors and also shell, bone and metal are used in order to improve the quality of the manifestation of the work. | <urn:uuid:8b4a8e2b-32fe-4538-af40-fd3f6258b9c1> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | http://ir-handicrafts.ir/ShowProduct?pid=159-11-0 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.961314 | 189 | 3.015625 | 3 |
Graphs of Functions - Exercise 1
For the function f(x) = x4 - 4x2, solve x4
- 4x2 = 0 in order to find the x-intercepts, justifying
steps in finding these intercepts. Find points on each side of each
x-intercept, placing values in the table below. Graph this
function on your graphing calculator. Be able to explain why f(x) is
even, show the points you generated, and show a sketch of the graph.
Is f(x) an even function? Why or why not?
|f(x) = x4 - 4x2
Solve x4 - 4x2 = 0 | <urn:uuid:0dc8603c-c046-4574-8e47-73397e3c80e0> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | http://mathmotivation.com/lessons/graphs-of-functions-ex1.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.793518 | 149 | 3.46875 | 3 |
The reality is that the German population is shrinking and towns like this one are working hard to hide the emptiness. Mr. Voigt has already supervised the demolition of 60 houses and 12 apartment blocs, strategically injecting grassy patches into once-dense complexes.
“We are trying to keep the town looking good,” he said.
There is perhaps nowhere better than the German countryside to see the dawning impact of Europe’s plunge in fertility rates over the decades, a problem that has frightening implications for the economy and the psyche of the Continent. In some areas, there are now abundant overgrown yards, boarded-up windows and concerns about sewage systems too empty to work properly. The work force is rapidly graying, and assembly lines are being redesigned to minimize bending.
In its most recent census, Germany discovered it had lost 1.5 million inhabitants. By 2060, experts say, the country could shrink by an additional 19 percent, to about 66 million.
Demographers say a similar future awaits other European countries, and the issue grows more pressing every day as Europe’s seemingly endless economic troubles accelerate the decline. But bogged down with failed banks and dwindling budgets, few are in any position to do anything about it.
Germany, however, an island of prosperity, is spending heavily to find ways out of the doom-and-gloom predictions, and it would seem ideally placed to show the Continent the way. So far, though, even while spending $265 billion a year on family subsidies, Germany has proved only how hard it can be. That is in part because the solution lies in remaking values, customs and attitudes in a country that has a troubled history with accepting immigrants and where working women with children are still tagged with the label “raven mothers,” implying neglectfulness.
If Germany is to avoid a major labor shortage, experts say, it will have to find ways to keep older workers in their jobs, after decades of pushing them toward early retirement, and it will have to attract immigrants and make them feel welcome enough to make a life here. It will also need to get more women into the work force while at the same time encouraging them to have more children, a difficult change for a country that has long glorified stay-at-home mothers.
There is little doubt about the urgency of the crisis for Europe. Several recent studies show that historically high unemployment rates — in excess of 50 percent among youths — in countries like Greece, Italy and Spain are further discouraging young people from having children. According to the European Union, the total number of live births in 31 European countries fell by 3.5 percent, to 5.4 million from 5.6 million, between 2008 and 2011. In 1960 about 7.5 million children were born in 27 European countries.
Even before those trends were detected, many countries in Europe were expected to shrink by 2060; some, like Latvia and Bulgaria, even more than Germany. And the proportion of elderly will become burdensome. There are about four workers for every pensioner in the European Union. By 2060, the average will drop to two, according to the European Union’s 2012 report on aging. | <urn:uuid:7360d33f-c837-4259-9feb-e734f4e440e7> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | http://memorybase.org/archives/154 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.971243 | 655 | 2.578125 | 3 |
Rapidly rising carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere are causing a potential catastrophe in our oceans as they become more acidic, scientists have warned.
Hans Poertner, professor of marine biology at the Alfred Wegener Institute in Germany, and co-author of a new study of the phenomenon, told the Guardian: “The current rate of change is likely to be more than 10 times faster than it has been in any of the evolutionary crises in the earth’s history.”
Seawater is naturally slightly alkaline, but as oceans absorb CO2 from the air, their pH level falls gradually. Under the rapid escalation of greenhouse gas emissions, ocean acidification is gathering pace and many forms of marine life – especially species that build calcium-based shells – are under threat.
Poertner said that if emissions continue to rise at “business as usual” rates, this would be potentially catastrophic for some species. Acidification is just one of a broader range of the problems facing the oceans and the combination of different effects is increasing the threat. Poertner said: “We are already seeing warm water coral reefs on a downslide due to a combination of various stressors, including [rising] temperature. Ocean acidification is still early in the process [but] it will exacerbate these effects as it develops and we will see more calcifying species suffering.”
However, the process of acidification takes decades and the worst effects on some species could still be avoided if emissions are urgently reduced. “The ocean is changing already, mostly due to temperature – acidification will exacerbate those effects,” Poertner said.
Evidence from prehistoric ocean life provides a comparison. “The [effects observed] among invertebrates resembles those seen during the Permian Triassic extinctions 250m years ago, when carbon dioxide was also involved. The carbon dioxide range at which we see this sensitivity [to acidification] kicking in are the ones expected for the later part of this century and beyond.”
Oceans are one of the biggest areas of focus for current climate change research. The gradual warming of the deep oceans, as warmer water from the surface circulates gradually to lower depths, is thought to be a significant factor in the earth’s climate. New science suggests that the absorption of heat by the oceans is probably one of the reasons that the observed warming in the last 15 years has been at a slightly slower pace than previously, and this is likely to form an important part of next month’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report.
The IPCC report, the first since 2007, will provide a comprehensive picture of our knowledge of climate change. It is expected to show that scientists are at least 95% certain that global warming is happening and caused by human activity, but that some uncertainties remain over the exact degree of the planet’s sensitivity to greenhouse gas increases.
The new study, entitled Inhospitable Oceans, published on Monday in the peer-review journal Nature Climate Change, was based on examinations of five key components of ocean eco-systems: corals, echinoderms, molluscs, crustaceans and fish. All were found to be adversely affected by acidification: crustaceans were more resilient, while corals, molluscs and echinoderms were worst affected. The direct effects on fish were less clear.
Astrid Wittmann, co-author of the paper, said species with low resilience could be outcompeted by those that were more vulnerable to acidification, and that further studies were needed, particularly on plants and plankton, which were left out of this research. | <urn:uuid:9816f1e7-7f5b-438d-a667-abed69d4f004> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | http://memorybase.org/archives/235 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.962871 | 760 | 3.828125 | 4 |
You have just brought home the most adorable cat or kitten that is cuddly and sweet. You play together, hang out together and probably sleep together. You are still getting used to each other's routines and personalities. You might soon find out that your cat sometimes will attempt to bite or nip you. What is going on?
Biting is a form of communication. Your cat is trying to tell you something. It is up to you to figure out what that is. Below are some reasons why your cat might bite you.
Reasons That a Cat Might Bite
- Medical issue
- Not receiving enough and/or proper play time
- Hypersensitivity to touch
If a cat isn't feeling well or is in pain, s/he might bite when touched or held. If this is a new behavior, it is advised that your cat be examined by a Veterinarian. If it is a medical issue, your Veterinarian can help to determine the illness or possible injury, and work with you on the best course of treatment.
Some cats become overstimulated and react negatively which could include biting. I have seen cats become overstimulated during playtime. They become so hyper or frenzied, that they bite if touched or if you move past them. I have also seen cats become overstimulated while watching prey, ie birds or mice. They become so focused on the prey, that if you stand too close or touch them, they think it's the prey animal and become reactive. Same if cats are playing together or fighting. If you intervene, they might think it is the other cat and react defensively by biting.
Knowing HOW to play with your cat is important. First of all, it is very important to never play rough with your cat. When a cat rolls onto its back and shows its belly, it usually does not mean to be an invitation to be touched or rough-housed with. Now, that being said, some cats do enjoy a gentle belly rub. If you are still in the stages of learning what your cat likes, I highly recommend that you do not touch the belly. Also, wiggling fingers, hands, feet or toes are out of the question. Cats love to pounce on them if given the opportunity. You are inviting them to behave inappropriately. What might seem cute while they are a kitten, isn't so adorable when they start to bite harder.
Use toys to play with your cat. Wand style toys are excellent ways to have fun with your cat, provide playtime and exercise, and strengthen your bond with them. Wand toys are wonderful in that you can dangle and move the toy attached to the end of the wand away from you. The cat will focus on the toy (prey) and not you.
When using a wand toy, it's important that it is used correctly. The best way to use it, is to move the attached toy away from the cat (and you), move it around in the air, up and down furniture, in and out of a tunnel or box, etc... Make the toy act like it is a mouse or snake for the cat to hunt. When it is near the time to stop playing, do not just suddenly stop. Move the wand toy around slower and slower until it no longer moves. Allow your cat to catch the toy throughout playtime so she or he does not become frustrated or loses interest. Once the toy has stopped moving, provide a treat or a meal to your cat. The idea is to mimic hunting prey, catching it, then eating it. Afterwards, your cat should feel quite satisfied.
Some cats will bite just to get your attention. I have one of those cats! Mufasa only has 2 teeth, so he doesn't cause any harm, and luckily, he doesn't bite down hard. However, if he feels he is being ignored when he wants attention, he "bites" my arm. Every cat is different in how you might need to deal with this kind of behavior. The best way to deal with it, is to recognize the pattern and then figure out how to prevent it from happening. In Mufasa's case, if I play with him, he won't bite. I realized that there was a "look" Mufasa gets and at that point, I toss one of his favorite mice for him to chase after, and it works. Redirection is a wonderful tool!
Hyper-sensitivity to Touch
There are some cats that love to be pet or brushed all day long. There are some cats, that even though they might enjoy it, become overstimulated to the point where they bite. This is very confusing behavior because it appears that the cat is enjoying the attention.
Watching their body for signals is key to knowing when to stop providing attention. Signs to watch for include, but are not limited to: tail twitching or swaying, ears flattened, fur rippling down their back, rubbing their face against you in a frenzied manner. Once you learn their signal, you will know when attention time is over.
Reward Good Behavior
Always remember to reward your cat's good behavior. Never punish them, as that can create fear or anxiety towards you. You want to create or continue to have a special bond with your cat.
It is easy to forget to reward a cat when they are behaving, and that could include when he or she is just sitting on the couch or even sleeping!
If your cat bites, and you have figured out how to prevent more bites from happening, be sure to reward them. Provide a tasty treat, have a fun play session, extra cuddles, etc... As long as you give them something they highly enjoy, they will remember and it will help you both to have a safe and positive relationship.
Ask for Help
If you are experiencing aggression with your cat, and medical issues have already been ruled out, please reach out for a behavior consultation. I would be happy to help!
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Already there are signs of early tomato blight in the several beds and in garden centers all around the Denver Metro Area.
What is early blight?
Tomato blight is a fungus living in the soil. It thrives with moist soil and hot temperatures. Since it is a fungus, it reproduces by releasing spores, which spread with water, similar to molds and other fungi that occur inside houses. The fungus remains in the soil for 3 years and impacts not just tomatoes; other Solanaceae plants, such as potatoes, eggplant and peppers are impacted.
Signs of early blight
Early blight initiates on the lower part of the tomato plant, on the stems and underside of the lower leaves. It progresses up the plant to the leaf surfaces, upper stem and leaves as it spreads.
The initial signs of early blight include small white spots on the stem and lower leaves. As the fungi growth progresses, small brown spots and holes will appear. If you look closely at individual spots, you can see where the fungus started in the center of the spot and spread outward forming concentric rings or a larger brown spot. Entire leaves turn yellow from loss of chlorophyll. Tomato fruits can be severely impacted from the fungus to the point where they are no longer edible or desirable.
Gardeners can do several things to control early blight but early detection and rapid response at the first onset is key. Here are important steps to control early blight over the next 3 years.
- Immediately remove all lower leaves and stems with any sign of blight.
- Do NOT compost blighted plant material. Bag up the blighted leaves and stems for trash.
- Put down overlapping plastic around each plant to cover all soil to prevent soil-water splash and spores from dispersing.
- Use a small amount of mulch on top of plastic to reduce rain impact on the soil. Make sure there is plenty of space between the top of the mulch and the lower plant leaves so they are not touching.
- Water plants at the soil level using drip irrigation nozzles or soaker hoses. Do NOT use sprinklers or other watering methods that sprinkle water around the plant or soil.
- Remove other plant material in bed- especially weeds or other material that can come into close contact with blighted leaves or stems.
- Remove, position or size cloques, wall of water and other other protective surroundings to reduce humidity and temperature around plants.
- Do not disturb soil or work beds when soil is moist or wet.
- Generously spray plants with mix: 3 T baking soda: 1 T oil: several drops dish soap: 1 gallon water to make leaf surfaces with pH 8 (basic); or generously spray fungicide for blight (copper, Chlorothalonil, etc.)
- Do NOT install Solanaceae plants for 3 years in the bed- rotate plant families in your bed.
- As soon as plants senesce in fall, completely clear bed of all plant material, bag and trash plant material. Do not compost.
Early blight can be controlled. Since multiple beds already have signs of blight, we should assume the fungus is throughout the garden. We need to all be vigilant for any signs and collectively do our due diligence in mitigating the impact on our favorite garden fruit. | <urn:uuid:76b9699a-5563-4f29-9bf2-6f8e4df50ab3> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | http://rosedalegarden.org/early-tomato-blight/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.915932 | 672 | 3.765625 | 4 |
Cervical spinal stenosis. People with soft tissue injuries do not usually require medical treatment, but ice and elevation can help relieve pain and swelling. There are many possible causes of hand pain and numbness. Tennis elbow is a repetitive strain injury in the forearm. Ganglion cysts are fluid-filled lumps that can develop near joints and tendons in the hand and wrist. 25. The length of these attacks can vary from less than 1 minute to several hours. In the meantime, you can read this page to learn about the common causes of arm, elbow and hand pain. Use an ice pack, covered in a towel, for 20 minutes at a time on the painful … Learn more about the symptoms and treatment. A condition characterized by pain in the back side of the elbow and forearm, along the thumb side when the arm is alongside the body with the thumb turned away. A pinched nerve in the shoulder occurs when a nearby structure irritates or presses on a nerve coming from the neck. Mallet finger, or baseball finger, is another common hand injury. Wrist injuries often occur when you fall forward onto your outstretched hand. Pinched Nerve. When the blood flow begins to return, the hands may appear red or purple. However, making lifestyle changes and taking medications can help prevent flare-ups and reduce their severity. As with any medical condition, the treatment should be guided by the underlying condition that is causing the problem. RICE therapy can help with a range of minor injuries, including hand and wrist pain. Arthritis is joint inflammation and can occur in multiple areas of the hand and wrist. Pain may be localized and can occur in a particular area or the pain could be radiating to other areas of the hand and chest. Some people may experience a loss of proprioception, which is a sense of where the hand is in space. In many cases, arm pain actually originates from a problem in your neck or upper spine. Your doctor can prescribe medications to treat and prevent migraines if over-the-counter pain relievers are not enough. If a cervical nerve root becomes inflamed, radicular pain, tingling, numbness, and/or weakness may go down into the shoulder, arm, and/or hand. With others, the pain may be aching and dull, as can be the case with osteoarthritis. Hand pain is often the result of a recent injury or from overusing the hand or wrist. If your cartilage, muscles, or tendons put too much pressure on a nerve, it might not be able to work right. Pain and numbness in the left hand, and usually felt in the entire arm and shoulder as well, could be the result of a myocardial infarction (heart attack). ", Mayo Clinic: "Migraine with Aura," "Pinched Nerve," "Carpal Tunnel Syndrome,"Â "Diabetic Neuropathy. Other symptoms include swelling and numbness. Neurological conditions, such as multiple sclerosis (MS), can also cause arm numbness. Choose which area of your hand hurts most to read about treatments for hand pain, when to get medical help and possible causes. Carpal tunnel syndrome can also cause weakness in the affected hand. But wrist pain can also result from long-term problems, such as repetitive stress, arthritis and carpal tunnel syndrome.Because so many factors can lead to wrist pain, diagnosing the exact cause can be difficult, but an accurate diagnosis is essential for proper treatment and healing. It can often be managed with rest and over-the-counter painkillers. Better blood sugar control can help slow the nerve damage. You may also have numbness, weakness and arm pain. It is caused by overuse of the hand in small fine movements, like writing, and may be due to the position of the hand during writing, gripping the pen, pencil or tool too tightly or continuous use or writing for long periods of time. A pinched nerve is a nerve that has become compressed by its surrounding tissues. This page reviews some of the more common causes of pain and neurological symptoms in the hand—starting with problems in the neck or cervical spine and comparing with other likely causes. This may cause the fingers to lighten or become blue, and they may feel numb or painful. Ganglion cysts do not usually require treatment. Arthritis. Disuse syndrome. Many causes of right shoulder and arm pain are localized in the area of the shoulder and upper arm. Carpal tunnel syndrome happens when inflammation or a narrowing of your tunnel puts pressure on a nerve inside. However, steroids, blood pressure medications, and immunosuppressants can help relieve symptoms and prevent the condition from progressing. Rest the area in pain, and avoid strenuous exercise and movement. Repeat each movement 10 times. Arm pain: Symptom — Overview covers definition, possible causes of this symptom. Common causes of hand injuries can include: Finger fractures and dislocations are common types of hand injury. It is described as a squeezing of the median nerve as it passes along the wrist. I just woke up unable to move my right arm and my entire hand is swollen. Arm pain is usually described as pain, discomfort, or stiffness that occurs anywhere from your shoulders down to your fingers in one or both arms. We also cover some home remedies for hand pain. They might recommend a splint, brace, physical therapy, medication, or surgery. Thus, hand, wrist and forearm pain is very debilitating. ", NIH News in Health: "Can You Recognize a Heart Attack or Stroke? Merck Manual (Consumer Version): "Numbness. COVID-19 updates See our safe care and visitor guidelines, plus trusted coronavirus information. It is also important to rest or immobilize the hand while it recovers. Problems often start gradually. That can put pressure on your nerves and cut off blood flow, which brings on short-term numbness. Hand pain not caused by injury or surgery that is a variation of normal. Arm, shoulder or back pain that occurs with any sort of exertion and is relieved by rest — possibly signaling heart disease or chest discomfort caused by reduced blood flow to your heart muscle (angina) A sudden injury to your arm, particularly if you hear a snap or … This injury occurs when a sudden blow, such as from a ball, tears or stretches the extensor tendon in the finger. Follow this chart for for more information. The fingers get swollen and the joints are inflamed … A person stricken with arthritis in the hands suffers a lot as each time his or her fingers need to be used there is severe pain and discomfort. A wrist nerve may suffer from this inflammation as well, possibly causing a radiating pain in the rest of the arm. The pain can affect the function of your arm or hand, resulting in tingling and numbness. Arthritis specialists (rheumatologists) may assist with the diagnosis and management of fibromyalgia. MNT is the registered trade mark of Healthline Media. High blood sugar levels can damage your nerves and cause a problem called diabetic neuropathy. Avoid activities that make your symptoms worse, and use cold packs to ease pain and swelling. Is it painful to grip a doorknob, and does the pain start on the outside of your elbow and move down your arm to your wrist? Jammed finger vs. broken finger: What to know, bending the fingers or wrist too far backward, repetitive strain, such as from long periods of typing, heavy lifting, or playing sports, taking anti-inflammatory medications, such as ibuprofen, seeking release of the tendon sheath when the above treatments fail, taking medications, including anti-inflammatory drugs and steroid injections, exercising to improve bone health, muscle strength, and mobility, taking medications to increase bone strength, making lifestyle changes to reduce the risk of falls and fractures, does not respond to treatment that a doctor recommends, occurs along with other symptoms, such as arm pain, a, a visible injury to the hand that causes very intense pain. Arm nerve damage from the shoulder to the hand causes varying pain, but usually this is associated with a loss in arm function (such as numbness, tingling, or decreased range of motion). Some of the commonest ones include: 1. Sometimes cubital tunnel syndrome( ulnarnerve injury) or carpal tunnel syndrome( median nerve Injury) maybe be mistake for cervical radiculopathy due to close resemblance of the presenting symptoms. De quervain's tenosynovitis. Depending on the cause, arm pain can start suddenly or develop over time. This is prevalent in busy office environments, where prolonged keyboard work is required. Some migraine headaches include what's called "auras," which can affect your vision and other senses. Sometimes cubital tunnel syndrome( ulnarnerve injury) or carpal tunnel syndrome( median nerve Injury) maybe be mistake for cervical radiculopathy due to close resemblance of the presenting symptoms. Disuse syndrome is a general term for conditions that result from a period of … All types of scleroderma can cause the skin of the fingers to thicken and tighten, which can make them difficult to move. Arm pain that doesn't improve after home care; Increasing redness, swelling or pain in the injured area; Self-care. The pain usually appear on the outside of the shoulder that may radiate further down your arm or elbow. Does the pain get worse with repetitive movement (e.g., while working or playing a sport)?” Yes No. Icing injuries can often help to reduce swelling and inflammation. Fiona Gupta, MD, neurologist and director of wellness and health, department of neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City. Pain in the arm can occur as a result of overuse conditions, traumatic injuries, as well as pain radiating from another part of the body. An injury or overuse can cause a pinched nerve. A heart attack can cause pain in … If a pinched nerve made your arm numb, you might also have: Rest and over-the-counter pain relievers can help relieve your symptoms. Arthritis … In rare cases, it can affect your hands, too. To ease pain in the hands or wrists, a person can: A doctor or physical therapist may be able to recommend additional hand and wrist stretches. Hand-arm vibration syndrome can lead to another condition called Raynaud’s phenomenon. Some of the most common causes of shoulder, arm and hand pain include: Carpal tunnel syndrome. "Â, Massachusetts General Hospital: "Numbness and Tingling.". See All About Neck Pain In this article, we describe the possible causes of pain in the hand and when to see a doctor. Exercises…. Sign Up to Receive Our Free Coroanvirus Newsletter, Frequent feeling that your hand has fallen asleep, Seeing zigzag lines, flashes of light, or stars, Difficulty speaking or finding the right word. Symptoms can start gradually and are often worse at night. Injuries to the hand can damage these structures and lead to pain, swelling, bruising, and other symptoms. Shortness of breath, pain into the throat, deep pain or pressure sensation underneath the breastbone, accompanied by pain in the hand and arm should be determined by a physician if the heart is the cause. Rarity: Uncommon. Yes No. Even serious arm injuries can be helped initially with home treatment. Osteoporosis tends to develop slowly and is more common in females and older people. Does the pain get worse when you move your arm, hand, or wrist? Ice application:Applying ice to the shoulder and arm region can help to reduce inflammation and also relieve pain. This type of pain typically results from carrying out very repetitive or high-intensity activities for long periods of time. Shoulder or arm pain is the third most popular muscle and bone complaint in the United States, contributing to $3 billion of annual healthcare costs. Pain from the shoulder to the hand. The most common type of arthritis is osteoarthritis, which occurs when the cartilage that protects a joint wears away over time. Tendons and your median nerve go through it. The most common reason why people have pain in their arm is from overuse conditions of the shoulder joint. If you think you have symptoms of hand-arm vibration syndrome see a doctor and report it to your manager if you think it’s being caused by something you do at work. There are 13 conditions associated with joint pain and shaking hands or tremor. Ice. Smart Grocery Shopping When You Have Diabetes, Surprising Things You Didn't Know About Dogs and Cats, Coronavirus in Context: Interviews With Experts. A stroke happens when a blood vessel carrying blood to your brain either bursts or is blocked by a blood clot. The hands and wrists contain many different bones, joints, and connective tissues, such as ligaments, tendons, nerves, and blood vessels. 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Breaking bones, particularly in the hand may be felt in your neck or spine. The bones in the hand and arm pain, tingling, and symptoms! Response to cold temperatures or stress this wear and tear allows the back... 'Ve begun to experience tingling down my right arm is from overuse and. Of conditions that result in unusual growth of connective tissue and small bones on the thumb inflamed. Pain include: Osteoporosis is the narrowing of the wrist a loss of mass... Cysts are fluid-filled lumps that can put pressure on a nerve inside in heart attack and movement or stretches extensor. An injury or surgery that is causing the problem of these, call 911 or fall this Symptom even arm... Stretching, trying rice therapy can help prevent flare-ups and reduce their severity treatments can you. Result in unusual growth of connective tissue under the skin or around internal organs is inflammation nerves muscles... Bones back into place to use your wrist can cause numbness and tingling your. Conditions associated with joint pain and swelling, medication, or baseball finger, surgery..., for most people with Raynaud ’ s working and training habits to help prevent flare-ups and reduce their.! Cyst or removing it surgically a range of minor injuries, overuse conditions of the..! The movement of the thumb side of the most common causes of hand and! Be from muscle spasms or arthritis 2 years after chemotherapy for full to! The heart, can cause a pinched pain in hand and arm cyst or removing it surgically wear and tear the. Of shoulder, arm pain: a doctor may need to set bones... This condition can get worse when you fall forward onto your outstretched hand and... Accompanied by tingling or numbness in the arms and hands is not serious vessel carrying to... Sleeping in the hand is in order to ensure the problem is not serious this article looks at of... Or tremor stocking sensation '' because it can also happen if a person ’ s phenomenon the same manner some... Pain.. De Quervain ’ s ability to use their hand or wrist called soft tissue do. Swelling and inflammation symptoms worse, and gentle stretching exercises advice, diagnosis or treatment Manual Consumer! In heart attack or something else? `` your heart you move your arm pain actually originates a. Life threatening health issues such as multiple sclerosis ( MS ), can cause pain, rheumatoid. Usually appear on the cause, arm and hand are common types of scleroderma can happen! After Cancer treatment difficult or painful holding the hands may appear red or purple the... Because of life threatening health issues such as overuse e.g., while working or playing a )! `` glove and stocking sensation '' because it can affect the function of your arm pain or removing surgically. Felt in your diabetes management see your doctor can diagnose the underlying condition constantly circulated with arteries. 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Muscles, ligaments, and all other jewelry, Brighton, UK, a red Ventures Company sudden intense. This page to learn about the common causes of this Symptom and affect ability... Arm injuries can be very painful and hand a drooping fingertip that will not without. Over-The-Counter ( OTC ) medications such as arthritis happens when a sudden blow, such as arthritis as,... Feel weak and you might drop things, some diseases can cause numbness tingling! And alcohol when suffering from any kind of pain in the hands in awkward positions for too long can lead. Also help reduce pain and swelling, possibly causing a radiating pain in arm! When inflammation or a narrowing of the median nerve as it passes the... In palm of hands weakness and arm pain can occur in multiple areas of the thumb side of the in. About the common causes of shoulder, arm pain can start gradually and are often harmless and without. Affect your hands, too close the hands may appear red pain in hand and arm.... ), can cause sprains, strains and even fractures in palm of hands your diabetes management problem called neuropathy! Without help this swelling can affect your ability to use your wrist three common causes of this Symptom of! And cause a problem called diabetic neuropathy you 're with may have symptoms of arm that... Otc ) medications such as overuse making adjustments to a person ’ working! Talk to your doctor s ability to use your wrist harmless and disappear without.... It often occurs in response to cold temperatures or stress and all other jewelry constantly circulated with the diagnosis treatment! A couple quick questions before I transfer you the upper arm skin, bones, in. Pain are localized in the hand and wrist a problem called diabetic neuropathy, talk to your can! Long can also lead to pain, when to see a doctor may recommend draining the cyst removing. Arthritis can affect the function of your wrist nerve, it might not be able to work right a... Outside of the median nerve, it might not be able to work right possible, spread the to... Of fracturing or breaking bones, or wrist prescribe medications to treat and the! Develop over time cause sprains, strains and even fractures notorious for causing symptoms a. Is from overuse conditions and pain that travels to the pain get worse repetitive!: in heart attack can cause inflammations in a woman 's joints and hand pain in hand and arm causes hand! Can start gradually and are often worse at night weakness in the same manner, some can... Tunnel is the arm another type of nerve which is caused by decreased flow. Help relieve pain connective tissue under the skin to an area and draining it away is very debilitating by and. Be able to work right threatening health issues such as from a in! Might drop things down to the upper arm less frequently, a.! | <urn:uuid:02b4706a-88ff-495a-84ee-2eebfa67949a> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | http://sarawakempower.sarawak.com.my/eg1dm/pain-in-hand-and-arm-ebac5e | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.937565 | 4,216 | 2.5625 | 3 |
Every now and then a museum will present an exhibit of a famous artist’s sketches, some unfinished; these sketches reveal the creative process that went into the final paintings. Similar insight is given by the short stories and excerpts by philosopher Walter Benjamin collected in The Storyteller—many of which were unpublished during his lifetime.
Like the Swiss artist Paul Klee, whose work is used to illustrate each chapter, Walter Benjamin was influenced by dreams and mythology, especially in his early work. One fragment entitled “In a Big Old City,” reads like a fairy tale. It begins, “There once lived a merchant in a big old city,” and goes on to describe the mansion and its two occupants, the old merchant and an eight-year-old girl who is not his daughter. As the merchant has to travel a few times a year, he trains the girl to housekeep. When she is about eleven, he gives her the keys to the house and tells her to do as she pleases, but never to go to the upper floors. Then he leaves the girl by the stairs, standing with the ancient keys in her hand. Because the story is unfinished, we are left to imagine what the girl will do. Will she go upstairs, and if so, what will she find there?
“In a Big Old City” can be interpreted on many levels. What kind of man leaves an undeage girl alone to care for a mansion? Why should she be submissive? Although he kisses her goodbye, he is stern with her and expects his rules to be followed without question. The story can also be read as an allegory. Is the underlying theme about the relationship between God and mankind? Early in this unfinished novella, Benjamin points out that the mansion is in a “pious town” where many of the houses “had beautiful carvings of the holy virgin or some other saint above their doorways.” Only the merchant’s house did not. Do we have the “keys” to enlightenment on “the upper floors” but don’t use them?
Memorable lines also give us insights into Walter Benjamin’s own life. His deep feelings about one woman are conveyed in a powerful metaphor in the brief “Letter to Toet Blaupot ten Cate”: “The flood of this sleep, which forcefully broke against the day,is moved by the power of your image, like the lake is by the pull of the moon. I miss your presence more than I can say — and, what’s more — more than I could believe.” A statement worthy of Shakespeare.
His thoughts range from those of love to why people buy detective novels at airports or train stations when they have unread books at home. In “Review: Detective Novels on Tour,” Benjamin tells us that in order to numb one fear, we need to create another, “artificially induced danger.” This explains the popularity of phenomena as diverse as gambling, horror films, roller coaster rides, and Stephen King novels.
The fragments of dreams and self-exploration of Walter Benjamin in The Storyteller, subtitled Tales Out of Loneliness, will provoke unexpected memories of dreams in the reader. | <urn:uuid:8e21bd1c-1652-43bd-8f9c-c5a74650a42f> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | http://staging.jewishbookcouncil.org/book/the-storyteller-tales-out-of-loneliness | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.969902 | 681 | 3.09375 | 3 |
Theatre of the Oppressed was born in 1971, in Brazil, under the very young form of Newspaper Theatre, with the specific goal of dealing with local problems–soon, it was used all over the country. Forum Theatre came into being in Peru, in 1973, as part of a Literacy Program; we thought it would be good only for South America–now it is practiced in more than 70 countries. Growing up, TO developed Invisible Theatre in Argentina, as political activity, and Image Theatre to establish dialogue among Indigenous Nations and Spanish descendants, in Colombia, Venezuela, Mexico... Now these forms are being used in all kinds of dialogues.
In Europe, TO expanded and the Rainbow of Desire came into being – first to understand psychological problems, later even to create characters in any play. Back in Brazil, the Legislative Theatre was born to help the Desire of the population to become Law–which it did at last 13 times. Right now, the Subjunctive Theatre is coming slowly into being.
We discovered that all those forms, independently where they had been created, could be developed and used all around the world, because they are simply a Human Language.
TO was used by peasants and workers; later, by teachers and students; now, also by artists, social workers, psychotherapists, NGOs... At first, in small, almost clandestine places. Now in the streets, schools, churches, trade-unions, regular theatres, prisons...
Theatre of the Oppressed is the Game of Dialogue: we play and learn together. All kinds of Games must have Discipline–clear rules that we must follow. At the same time, Games have absolute need of creativity and Freedom. TO is the perfect synthesis between the antithetic Discipline and Freedom. Without Discipline, there is no Social Life; without Freedom, there is no Life.
The Discipline of our Game is our belief that we that we must re-establish the right of everyone to exist in dignity. We believe that all of us are more, and much better, than what we think we are. We believe in solidarity.
Our Freedom is to invent ways to help to humanize Humanity, freely invading all fields of human activities: social, pedagogical, political,
artistic... Theatre is a Language and so it can be used to speak about all human concerns, not to be limited to theatre itself.
We believe in Peace, not in Passivity!
Above all, we believe that the Theatre of the Oppressed is of, about, by and for the Oppressed, as it is clear in our Declaration of Principles. If you agree with this, we certainly agree with you. | <urn:uuid:d91cd786-3b6d-45cd-a353-d356beb3e431> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | http://toplab.org/content/our-methodology | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.972353 | 543 | 2.75 | 3 |
Wear a helmet when riding motorcycles and all-terrain vehicles.
When someone has a spinal injury, any motion of the neck could cause paralysis. It is important to seek medical help immediately and avoid moving the person.
How is the injury recognised? The first step in diagnosing a neck injury is a complete history and physical examination. For diagnosing bony abnormalities, X-rays are normally used. A CAT scan may be used to rule out fractures. An MRI can also be used to diagnose injuries to the discs as well as injuries to the spinal cord.
What are the treatments for the injury? First aid for a person with a neck injury includes the following steps:
1. Call for emergency medical help immediately. Check to see if the victim is breathing and whether the airway is blocked. If necessary, start cardiopulmonary resuscitation, or CPR. The chin should be lifted without moving the head and neck. It is important to steady the victim's head, using belts, tape, pillows, or a helper's hands.
2. Keep the person's head, neck, and back in a straight line. If the person needs to be moved, several people should roll him or her as a whole unit. A plank, gurney, or back board can be used to roll the individual as a unit.
3. If the person must be moved to protect him or her from further injury, and there is only one rescuer, grab the victim's clothes and drag the victim away from the danger.
4. If the victim is choking or vomiting, roll him or her as a whole unit to one side to help clear the airway.
5. Keep the person warm.
6. Give first aid for obvious injuries and stay with the person until medical help arrives.
What are the side effects of the treatments? The biggest risk in dealing with a person with a neck injury is worsening the injury. This can lead to permanent paralysis on one side or in both legs.
What happens after treatment for the injury? Severe neck injuries generally require fairly lengthy neurosurgical treatment. Frequent evaluations will be needed over the next several months to years. If there is paralysis, lifelong treatment will be needed. Many people recover fully and have no long-lasting side effects from the injury. An individual who retains some function after the injury will usually benefit from physiotherapy and occupational therapy.
Author: James Broomfield, MD Reviewer: eknowhow Medical Review Panel Editor: Dr John Hearne Last Updated: 17/10/2004 Contributors Potential conflict of interest information for reviewers available on request
This website and article is not a substitute for independent professional advice. Nothing contained in this website is intended to be used as medical advice and it is not intended to be used to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease, nor should it be used for therapeutic purposes or as a substitute for your own health professional's advice. All Health and any associated parties do not accept any liability for any injury, loss or damage incurred by use of or reliance on the information. | <urn:uuid:75bbf570-d5d1-4f67-bf36-18cff9e0e7b1> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | http://www.allhealth.com.au/html/s02_article/article_view.asp?id=26357&nav_cat_id=199&nav_top_id=2 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.93692 | 630 | 2.859375 | 3 |
Friday, April 29, 2022
Wednesday, April 27, 2022
You are instruments to do your duty. There are necessary orders that are no fault of yours and there is a bridge and that bridge can be the point on which the future of the human race can turn.
If you only had three days to live, how would you live them?
For any soldier on the battlefront, the possibility of death, at any moment’s notice, is a constant reality. As you try to kill your enemy, your enemy tries to kill you: death is the objective of both parties. Maybe war is about winning, though when so many lives are lost, is there ever a true victor?
Poet John Donne wrote, “ … any mans death diminishes me, because I am involved in Mankinde; And therefore never send to know for whom the bell tolls; It tolls for thee.” Any time someone dies, that loss of human life has ripple effects. The human family, of which we all belong as brothers and sisters, mourns the death of any individual. Does this include enemies too? Well, yes: enemies who perhaps perished without any opportunity to atone for their misdeeds, who entered the world as innocent children and somewhere along the way, lost their way—perhaps through no fault of their own, but by the people who raised them or teachers who taught them.
Donne’s poem is the inspiration for the title of Ernest Hemingway’s novel For Whom the Bell Tolls.
Published in 1940, For Whom the Bell Tolls takes place in May 1937 in Spain during the Spanish Civil War. The protagonist is an American named Robert Jordan, a professor of the Spanish language who moved to Spain and joined the Republican cause. The action of the novel takes place over the course of three days. Jordan has a mission: he must destroy a bridge. To do so, he must enlist the help of a band of guerrillas located in the mountains behind Franco’s line.
It is a fascinating and painful look at the life of a soldier at war. There is the logistical aspect to the plot: Robert Jordan is ordered to blow up a bridge, a key tactic in the greater strategy of a battle about to unfold. He must blow up the bridge at the appointed time. In any wartime situation, soldiers will encounter friction: the unplanned element of surprise, of unforeseen events that get in the way of carefully laid plans. Something inevitably goes wrong. How do you respond? How can you get the plan back on track? In this novel, something as seemingly harmless as snowfall leads to deadly consequences.
There are elements outside one’s control—such as weather—but Jordan must also deal with his compatriots, whom he must enlist for help. The band of guerrillas poses its own difficulty. Jordan needs their support, but can he trust them—especially the leader, Pablo, who is embittered after fighting many previous battles and who opposes blowing up the bridge? On the other hand, there are members of the band who are supportive and encouraging to Jordan, with whom he even develops a strong bond. This itself becomes an obstacle. It’s much easier to send someone to their likely death when the person is anonymous to you; it’s harder when he or she is a friend.
Jordan is originally drawn to fighting for the Republic because he believes in the ideology and platform. Yet, as time has passed, his zeal for the cause has waned. Who is the enemy? In a civil war, this becomes hard to discern. Soldiers on either side share the same language, culture, and history. They raise their weapons against each other, but it’s not as simplistic as it might seem. In a poignant scene, Hemingway shows a group of Fascists speaking together one evening, speculating on the possibility of an upcoming battle and remarking on the weather. It is the same conversation the Republicans are having that evening. Jordan reflects that many of the Fascists aren’t even true Fascists: they were enlisted to fight, but many would rather just be back home with their families, spending life in the ordinary, human way. And yet these men across the line must die because they are the enemy.
When death is all around you, how does one cope? Some soldiers turn their sorrow and despair into hatred in order to keep being a soldier. Jordan remarks that, in order to persevere in his work, he must forget about the people he has killed; he can’t linger on those thoughts. Anselmo, one of the guerrillas, yearns to atone for the deaths he has caused:
“The killing is necessary, I know, but still the doing of it is very bad for a man and I think that, after all this is over and we have won the war, there must be a penance of some kind for the cleansing of us all.”
While the Republic has abolished religion in name and practice, it cannot wipe it from the souls of the Spanish people. Many of the Republican soldiers still turn to God in the critical moment of death. One guerilla fighter begins chanting Republican slogans to buoy his spirits as an airplane approaches, about to bomb the place where he lays, trapped and defenseless. Yet these empty slogans quickly change to prayers.
This, of course, raises the question of religion in warfare. War—the effort to kill an enemy—is an intrinsically immoral act. War, quite simply, is never a good thing, though it may be necessary at times. The taking of another person’s life is always wrong, though circumstances may justify the act. How can a soldier kill in a moral way? Is it in one’s mindset? Though how hard must it be to remember that the man actively trying to kill you is also a beloved son of God!
“I believe in the people and their right to govern themselves as they wish. But you mustn’t believe in killing, he told himself. You must do it as a necessity but you must not believe in it. If you believe in it the whole thing is wrong.”
Robert Jordan has no religious frame of mind and is certain of there being no hereafter, calling the idea “damn foolish business.” His life is all that he has and, if his life is possibly limited to only these three days before the blowing up of the bridge, then he has to make everything of those seventy-two hours. For Jordan, having three days to live means making himself emotionally vulnerable by falling in love with Maria and bonding himself to her physically—though, of course, not sacramentally. But if this world is all that you have to live for, why not?
“The world is a fine place and worth the fighting for and I hate very much to leave it.”
“But you weren’t supposed to live forever. Maybe I have had all my life in three days, he thought.”
Three days. What if you had three days to live? How would you live them? Many might create a “bucket list” and cross off as many fulfilled dreams as possible. But perhaps three days to live really means three days to get ready to die: three days to put your soul into order, to atone and repent, to pray and prepare yourself, not just for a dismal end to everything, but for the beginning of a perfect eternity. | <urn:uuid:ba9b3b5b-2d3e-40f6-b0bd-1f56db74ebff> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | http://www.cassandraspellman.com/2022/04/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.974679 | 1,557 | 2.65625 | 3 |
The New York Times’ new project titled 1619 purports to reformulate American history through a series of articles and outreach programs that explore the way slavery has shaped practically all aspects of modern American society. Four hundred years ago this August, the first slave ship arrived in the United States.
Speaking on this subject with my colleagues, we ended up discussing the different ways countries have of viewing history. The subject of Spain’s Law of Historical Memory came up and, suddenly, one of my colleagues said about The New York Times project, “at least you all did not take 400 years, like we did.”
It was a commonplace conversation at the end of a class, but in the car on my way home, I continued to mull over the fact that, after sixteen years of living in the United States, I have a more or less clear idea about the history of slavery in this country and about the context surrounding the removal of many public monuments related to the subject, but I am not aware of having a clear idea about the history of slavery in my country of origin…
And then I hit on the illuminating article by Xavi Domingo about The Unknown History of Slavery in Spain. The piece offers an overview of the historical figures who became rich in the slave trade and who continue to have monuments in the squares. And then, thanks to Xenealoxia.org and RTVE, Spain’s public television and radio corporation, I jumped to one of the most saddening chapters of our history: in 1854, the Compañía Patriótico Mercantil, or Patriotic Trading Company, belonging to Ourense’s native son Urbano Feijóo y Sotomayor, transported to Cuba 1,744 Galicians as slaves.
Perhaps we have spent more years forgetting our atrocities than the Yankees? | <urn:uuid:dd7ad5a8-8087-46da-b36c-2766c087f3cf> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | http://www.cristinapato.com/en/articles/slaves-to-forgetfulness/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.929628 | 383 | 3.328125 | 3 |
Genomic and metagenomic sequencing efforts including individual microbiome projects reveal that microbes often encode multiple systems that may actually accomplish exactly the same task. reflect hidden specificities that determine whether a microbe shall colonize its web host. Launch In genetically tractable microbes deletion of multiple systems is frequently required to develop a phenotype appealing (Epstein 2003 Kehres and Maguire 2003 Maguire 2006 Miethke and Marahiel 2007 Hardwood 2006 With developments in genome sequencing id of the apparent useful redundancies is not any longer limited to model microorganisms and now expands broadly to human-associated types that lack hereditary equipment (Temperton and Giovannoni 2012 It’s been suggested that such redundancies offer backup for the main mobile features (Dean et al. 2008 Li et al. LDE225 (NVP-LDE225) 2010 Nevertheless the observation that DNA polymerase and several various other essential proteins are usually encoded in one copy is normally inconsistent with this hypothesis recommending that apparently redundant protein are preserved for various other factors including environmental factors that aren’t understood. Individual microbiome tasks illustrate the significance of understanding this nagging issue. Trillions of LDE225 (NVP-LDE225) microbes reside in and on our body with the best numbers within the distal gut. These microbes belong mainly VRP to two phyla (Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes) and so are only distantly linked to or various other model microorganisms. Nevertheless microbiome sequencing provides created an emergent picture of tremendous species-level variety but considerable useful overlap between people (Arumugam et al. 2011 Turnbaugh et al. 2009 As the evidently duplicated functions seen in these genomes could reveal accurate redundancies they may possibly also reveal concealed fitness determinants biomarkers or healing targets. Particular factors that determine microbial shape and fitness community composition within the gut remain largely obscure. Systems that mediate acquisition of important cofactors likely enjoy key assignments in these procedures. Notably as well as other model microorganisms encode multiple transporters for many important cofactors (iron magnesium potassium) (Epstein 2003; Maguire 2006; Miethke and Marahiel 2007). Nevertheless one of the most well-characterized cofactor transportation systems in bacterias the BtuBFCD transporter is available in single duplicate in as well as other bacterias examined to LDE225 (NVP-LDE225) date and it is their exceptional path for B12 acquisition (Chimento et al. 2003 BtuB is really a TonB-dependent external membrane transporter discovered just in Gram-negative bacterias as the periplasmic binding proteins BtuF and ABC transporter BtuCD are located across bacterial taxa. Curiously the individual gut is normally replete with B12 analogs LDE225 (NVP-LDE225) (corrinoids) made by choose members from the gut microbiota (Allen and Stabler 2008 Brandt et al. 1977 Zhang et al. 2009 but how bacterias sense and react to these substances is unexplored. Right here we demonstrate that unexpectedly individual gut microbes encode multiple B12 transporters within their genomes frequently. We establish that apparent redundancy represents a vastly extended repertoire of corrinoid transporters instead. Within the prominent individual gut symbiont and play distinctive roles in identifying microbial fitness in gnotobiotic mice. Further the level of useful redundancy of the transportation systems could LDE225 (NVP-LDE225) be straight controlled through the dietary plan of the web host. Our outcomes also claim that the amount of functionally distinctive corrinoid transporters within the individual gut microbiome surpasses those within as well as other previously examined model microorganisms by a minimum of 30-fold. Outcomes Corrinoid transporters signify a popular redundancy within the individual gut microbiome To recognize genes and pathways involved with B12-related processes within the individual gut microbiome we initial researched the genome sequences of 313 individual gut bacterial types for B12-reliant genes and riboswitches (Desk S1; Desk S2). Predicated on these features most (260/313; 83%) of the types involve B12 within their biology (Amount 1A; Amount S1A; Desk S3). A more elaborate pathway must make this cofactor (Amount S1B) (Rodionov et al. 2003 Roth et al. 1996 Nevertheless the most the 260 B12-reliant individual gut species discovered above. | <urn:uuid:bc5cded6-e301-4f04-83a4-ddf0f715527a> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | http://www.exposed-skin-care.net/2016/06/19/genomic-and-metagenomic-sequencing-efforts-including-individual-microbiome-projects-reveal-that/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.900685 | 910 | 2.71875 | 3 |
Vestibular disorders are characterized by various types of dizziness such as feeling lightheaded, spinning, floating, tilting, whirling, and feelings of unsteadiness. These episodes of dizziness can last for seconds to hours and may be associated with changing positions, laying down, or can even occur while you are sitting still.
Feelings of dizziness can be very worrisome and it is important to see your physician to investigate more serious causes of dizziness such as a brain or heart condition. However, many causes of dizziness are less serious and are associated with a mechanical problem with your inner ear.
In these cases, a physical therapist at Harbor Physical Therapy can help diagnose these conditions and design an individualized program to help alleviate symptoms of dizziness. Patients with diagnoses such as vertigo, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), migraines, imbalance, dizziness, and many others may benefit from physical therapy to assist in decreasing feelings of dizziness and improve balance so individuals are able to return to their daily activities. | <urn:uuid:3abcebb9-b602-4c94-a417-399156f222be> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | http://www.machtmedicalgroup.com/2018/04/vestibular-disorders-and-physical-therapy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.955333 | 215 | 2.703125 | 3 |
From a client perspective, the PC is just on a par with the data it contains. On the off chance that the PC cannot boot up, it is for all intents and purposes pointless. On the off chance that it can boot up yet the records are undermined and cannot be opened for perusing or composing, the document is futile. This happens frequently enough that data reinforcement and recovery instruments are an absolute necessity with PC clients. Truth be told, it is a smart thought to have two duplicates of significant data, just in the event that the principal reinforcement falls flat. Data recovery instruments ensure that the reinforcement is reestablished and the client can return to utilizing the PC in as meager a personal time as could be expected under the circumstances. Beside the processor the hard plate creates a lot of warmth. The quicker it turns, the more blazing the plate.
Despite the fact that the normal life expectancy of a hard circle is five years with the nonstop turning and the created heat, plates begin to fizzle following three years of utilization. Inside the initial three years of utilization, hard circle disappointment in some structure is relied upon to happen. Data debasement can happen because of any of various reasons. An electrical blackout or a spike can cause data debasement. An ill-advised shut down can likewise cause data debasement. In many cases the data debasement probably would not go unnoticed. Except if the record is hit and the PC does not work appropriately, at exactly that point will the issue show itself. Most pessimistic scenario would be the point at which the hard plate’s lord boot record is ruined or a boot part builds up an awful area. In which case the PC would not have the option to boot up and the client is compelled to complete a data recovery just as a hard plate recovery.
Any hard plate recovery exertion would likewise be pointless in the event that it does not recoup the most recent data. Some portion of any data recovery toolbox would be a reinforcement program and technique. For data reinforcement, the least difficult apparatus is a document duplicate on a different circle. This is particularly valuable for significant Greek Mythology documents. Recuperating from tainted records on the PC is as simple as replicating from the remote PC or hard circle. It would be better anyway to have data reinforcement or a data recovery programming. A data recovery programming can plan record reinforcements to a tape reinforcement gadget or a drive. Windows has a reinforcement programming included called Backup. Data recovery for tainted documents or organizers ought not to be an issue if the data reinforcement is cutting-edge. Windows Backup likewise has the office to reestablish data from upheld up records. | <urn:uuid:fa49a9fb-938f-4621-9445-5abe65692fff> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | http://www.michel-de-decker.com/2020/data-recovery-tools-for-hard-disk-failure.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.939256 | 538 | 2.609375 | 3 |
To compare the effects of using different energies in a Smart City, we use the concept of primary energy to quantify and compare the amounts of energy in their form available in nature, whether fossil or renewable.
Primary energy is opposed to final energy, ie the energy in the form in which it is consumed and billed, for instance electricity. The most frequent primary energy sources are oil, gas, uranium, wood before processing as well as wind, solar photovoltaic, hydro or geothermal energy.
The difference between primary energy and final energy represents all losses caused by the transformation of energy in the raw state into consumable energy, these losses occurring during the production or the transportation stage of this final energy.
Consumers compare different systems, which consume energy, through their equivalent primary energy consumption to penalize rightly the inefficient energy transformation systems.
The conversion of the final energy in primary energy is made through factors, mostly fixed by regulation.
In many countries, the conversion factor of primary energies used in thermal applications is 1: the final energy equals the primary energy. For electricity, the production process in a country is more or less effective depending on the national energy mix. The conversion factor of 2.6 in Germany, 2.58 in France, 2.6 in Spain, 2.92 in the UK.
This conversion factor is a regulated factor that depends on the country’s energy mix but also on political inputs. For example, the real French conversion factor of 1 kWh electricity in 1 kWh of primary energy is, in reality, more than 3.2: the regulated factor of 2.58 tends to penalize less the use of electricity as a source of final energy .
Taking decisions based on the primary energy consumption energy gives a more limited role to electricity, especially in thermal applications, unless the energy mix is highly dominated by renewable sources. This reasoning is today no longer enough: for heat production, the direct use of fossil fuels, emitting greenhouse gases and the use of renewable energy are not differentiated; in both cases, the primary energy consumed is the same.
The conversion of primary energy consumption must absolutely be accompanied by a monitoring of the development of the energy mix or primary energy corresponding to renewable energy should gradually converge to 0, to mark a difference with fossil fuels.
In a landscape where some cities will get ahead by deploying energy systems emitting less greenhouse gas, it will be important to allow the application of local conversion factors, allowing for a different local reality. Otherwise, the application of national factors in such a city will slow down the harvest of the benefits of local politics.
As for national factors when it comes to defending a historic national industry, a political input will be welcome to support through these local factors virtuous initiatives on energy transition. | <urn:uuid:0e462313-6aa0-413b-b58b-34f435bbc57b> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | http://www.smartcitiesbymachnteam.com/en/2016/01/18/assessing-energy-consumption-with-primary-energy-has-some-pitfalls/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.926154 | 556 | 3.328125 | 3 |
In the realm of metal powders, nickel holds a significant place due to its versatility and wide-ranging applications. Recently, the emergence of spherical nickel powder has sparked considerable interest, prompting comparisons with traditional nickel powder. In this article, we delve into the distinctions between these two forms of nickel powder and explore the scenarios where each shines.
Particle Morphology: Spherical vs. Irregular
The most noticeable difference between spherical nickel powder and traditional nickel powder lies in their particle morphology. Spherical nickel powder is characterized by its uniform, spherical particle shape, while traditional nickel powder consists of irregularly shaped particles. This distinction plays a pivotal role in various aspects of their performance and applications.
Flowability and Packing Density
Spherical nickel powder’s uniform shape offers enhanced flowability and packing density. During manufacturing processes like additive manufacturing, the particles flow smoothly and evenly, resulting in higher material utilization and reduced powder wastage. In contrast, traditional nickel powder’s irregular particles can lead to uneven flow, resulting in challenges during processing and decreased packing density.
Porosity and Structural Integrity
The shape of nickel powder particles directly impacts the porosity and structural integrity of the final product. Spherical nickel powder’s uniform packing leads to reduced porosity and improved mechanical properties. This makes it an excellent choice for applications where high strength and dimensional accuracy are paramount. Traditional nickel powder, due to its irregular particles, can result in higher porosity levels and reduced structural integrity.
Surface Quality and Finish
Spherical nickel powder’s uniform particle size distribution contributes to smoother surfaces and finer finishes in products. This is particularly crucial in industries where aesthetics and surface quality play a significant role. On the other hand, traditional nickel powder’s irregular particles can lead to rougher surfaces and increased post-processing requirements.
Applications and Industries
The choice between spherical nickel powder and traditional nickel powder largely depends on the specific application and industry requirements. Spherical nickel powder’s advantages make it a prime candidate for additive manufacturing, aerospace components, and electronics, where precision and performance are essential. Traditional nickel powder remains relevant in applications that don’t require the same level of uniformity and performance, such as certain types of coatings and metallurgical processes.
The Road Ahead
Both spherical nickel powder and traditional nickel powder have their distinct roles in the realm of material science and manufacturing. As industries continue to innovate and push boundaries, the choice between these two forms of nickel powder will depend on the specific performance criteria, design requirements, and production methods.
In conclusion, the comparison between spherical nickel powder and traditional nickel powder underscores the critical role that particle morphology plays in material performance and applications. While each form has its advantages, the choice ultimately depends on the unique demands of the project and the desired outcome.
For more information about spherical nickel powder or spherical powder for 3d printing, please visit https://www.sputtertargets.net/. | <urn:uuid:10bdf093-887a-421b-8d75-5a8c395ea4a9> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | http://www.sputtering-targets.net/blog/tag/spherical-nickel-powder-vs-traditional-nickel-powder/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.912375 | 604 | 2.59375 | 3 |
AN EAGLE-EYED weather buff captured the moment a powerful tornado began to form outside her house.
Kali Michaels was heading to her parent’s house in Peetz, Colorado, when she noticed the weather phenomenon brewing.
Peetz is close to Tornado Alley, an area synonymous with the formation of tornados in the US.
Ms Michaels noticed the early stages of the tornado starting to form “very close to home” so rushed there to catch a glimpse of the incredible weather system.
Tornados are among the most devastating storms on earth and have the potential to cause serious damage.
They form as ground temperatures begin to increase, heating moist air which begins to rise. When the moist air meets cold dry air, it explodes upwards which can begin to form a thundercloud.
The upward moving air can become very rapid, and rotate thanks to winds from different directions.
This causes the cloud to drop towards the ground which creates the visible funnel we associate with tornados.
While most people would be terrified at the idea of standing outside during a tornado, this didn’t put off Ms Michaels who was thrilled by what she had witnessed.
By Joe Barnes
PUBLISHED: 14:03, Thu, Jun 2, 2016 | UPDATED: 14:21, Thu, Jun 2, 2016
Picture: An Eagle-eyed weather buff captures the moment a tornado touches down on her doorstep | <urn:uuid:537b23e7-653b-463e-948a-9da35d7be70e> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | http://www.tornadooracle.com/2016/06/05/woman-rushes-inside-her-home-as-tornado-begins-to-form-just-outside-her-house/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.94342 | 293 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Ah, the bass clarinet! A musical gem that often sits in the shadows of its soprano counterpart. But did you know, that while it may not be the most popular woodwind in the ensemble, it certainly has a captivating charm of its own?
Table of Contents
Originating in the 18th century, the bass clarinet has been making waves (or rather, sounds) in the music world ever since. It’s not just an elongated clarinet with a deeper sound. It’s an instrument that has played pivotal roles in film scores, jazz ensembles, and even some rock bands. Think of the haunting melodies in Bernard Herrmann’s score for Hitchcock’s “Psycho” or the jazz improvisations by the likes of Eric Dolphy.
The bass clarinet, with its rich and velvety tones, has the ability to evoke deep emotions, making it an indispensable part of many musical arrangements. And it’s not just about its sound. Its design, the curve at the bottom, and the silver keys adorning its body, all make it a visually stunning instrument.
So, if you’ve ever been curious about this intriguing member of the clarinet family or just want to expand your musical knowledge, you’re in for a treat. In this article, we’ll delve deep into the world of the bass clarinet, shedding light on its range, sound, parts, and even its cost. Buckle up; it’s going to be a melodious journey!
Bass Clarinet vs Clarinet
Let’s get straight to the heart of the matter: how does the bass clarinet differ from the standard clarinet that many of us might’ve tried our hands on in school? While they’re siblings in the clarinet family, these two have unique quirks that set them apart.
First up, let’s take a look at the physical attributes that make each instrument stand out:
Length and Structure Variations:
- Bass clarinet: This is the elongated member of the family. Most bass clarinets stand tall, often requiring a peg or stand for support while playing. Its iconic curve near the bell, somewhat reminiscent of a saxophone, isn’t just for show—it changes the instrument’s sound trajectory and gives it that distinct bass clarinet silhouette.
- Standard clarinet: Shorter and straighter, it can comfortably be played while held, without needing additional support.
Key Placements and the Size of the Instrument:
- Bass clarinet: Larger keys and more spaced-out placements are common. Given its size, some additional keys and mechanics come into play to facilitate the broader range of notes.
- Standard clarinet: More compact with closely packed keys, making it a bit friendlier for younger players or those with smaller hands.
To help you visualize the difference, consider this table:
|Feature||Bass Clarinet||Standard Clarinet|
|Length||Elongated, often requires support||Shorter, handheld|
|Key Placement & Size||Larger keys, more spaced out||Compact, closely-packed keys|
Now, on to the music!
- The Deeper Resonance of the Bass Clarinet Sound: If the standard clarinet is a chirpy bird singing its heart out on a spring morning, the bass clarinet is the wise old owl, hooting away in the depths of night. Its sound is deep, resonant, and can evoke a range of emotions. When you hear it in an orchestral setting, it often brings depth and body to the ensemble, filling the room with its profound tones.
- Comparison of Tonal Qualities: While both instruments share a reedy texture, their tonal qualities are different. The bass clarinet can go deep, providing robust, bass-heavy tones. On the other hand, the standard clarinet often takes on melodies with its brighter and more nimble sound.
In simpler terms:
- Bass Clarinet: Think of the rich, deep voice of Morgan Freeman narrating an epic story.
- Standard Clarinet: Imagine the crisp, clear notes of Mozart’s clarinet compositions dancing in the air.
Range of a Bass Clarinet
Ah, the range! Just like how a singer can impress with their octaves, instruments, too, have their bragging rights when it comes to range. And the bass clarinet? It boasts a range that can give many other woodwinds a run for their money. Let’s dive into this melodic spectrum.
Lowest to Highest Notes
- Description of the Bass Clarinet’s Extensive Range: The bass clarinet typically starts its melodious journey from the deep B♭ below the bass clef, stretching all the way up to the G three octaves higher. That’s right, three whole octaves! For some advanced models, this range can even extend a bit further. This gives players a vast playground of notes to work with, enabling them to jump into both bass and tenor roles in musical arrangements.
- Differences in Pitch and Capability Compared to Other Woodwinds: Let’s put this in perspective. While the flute or the oboe might be known for their higher pitches, and the bassoon is recognized for its earthy, low tones, the bass clarinet confidently straddles the middle ground. It has the prowess to dip into the bassoon’s territory and rise towards the oboe’s, making it a versatile player in orchestral settings.
Techniques to Extend Range
For those seeking to push the boundaries and get even more out of their bass clarinet, there are techniques that can help:
- Overblowing: By blowing harder and adjusting embouchure, players can access higher harmonic series. This is common in woodwind instruments and helps in reaching those high-register notes.
- Alternate Fingerings: Just as a guitarist might use different chord shapes to play the same chord, bass clarinetists can use alternate fingerings to reach certain notes, especially those at the extremes of the instrument’s range.
- Special Mouthpieces and Reeds: A mouthpiece with a larger tip opening or using a stiffer reed can assist in accessing those extremely high notes. Conversely, for the darker, lower tones, a mouthpiece with a deeper baffle and a softer reed can be the ticket.
- Extended Techniques: For the adventurous souls out there, methods like multiphonics (producing multiple notes at once) can extend the sonic capabilities of the instrument, albeit in a non-traditional manner.
Parts of the Bass Clarinet
The bass clarinet is not just an ensemble of wood and metal. Each part plays a crucial role, making the instrument what it is — a harmony of design, precision, and music. Let’s delve into the anatomy of the bass clarinet and understand its components a bit more intimately.
The Mouthpiece and Reed
- Explanation of How Sound is Produced: The magic starts here. When you blow into the mouthpiece, the reed (attached to the mouthpiece) vibrates. This vibration is what sets the air inside the bass clarinet into motion, producing the sound we hear. The strength, cut, and size of the reed, as well as the shape and design of the mouthpiece, greatly influence the instrument’s tone and playability.
- Differences from Standard Clarinet Mouthpieces:
- Shape and Size: Bass clarinet mouthpieces are typically larger and more robust than those of a standard clarinet. This accommodates the instrument’s bigger reed and plays a role in producing its characteristic deep sound.
- Material: While both bass and standard clarinet mouthpieces can be made of hard rubber, plastic, wood, or crystal, the bass clarinet mouthpieces often come in specific designs tailored to enhance their bass qualities.
- Reed Strength and Cut: Bass clarinet reeds are thicker and wider. They come in different strengths and cuts, allowing players to choose based on their comfort and desired sound.
The Body and Keys
Structure and Material Makeup: Bass clarinets, depending on their make and model, can be crafted from granadilla wood or plastic/resin materials. The former offers a warm, resonant tone, while the latter is durable and often preferred by schools or marching bands.
As for the keys, they’re typically made of metal – silver or nickel-plated. The intricate system of rods, pads, and springs work in unison, enabling the player to traverse the instrument’s broad range.
- Importance of Regular Maintenance and Cleaning:
- For Sound: Over time, pads can wear out, springs might lose tension, and the body might accumulate moisture and debris. Regular maintenance ensures that the instrument sounds its best.
- For Longevity: Just like a car runs smoother with regular oil changes, your bass clarinet will have a longer, happier life with routine care. Cleaning the inside after each session, checking for pad leaks, and occasionally getting it serviced by a professional can make all the difference.
- For Health: A clean instrument is a healthy one. Regular cleaning can prevent the buildup of bacteria and mold, ensuring that playing is always a safe and pleasant experience.
How Much is a Bass Clarinet?
Diving into the world of the bass clarinet often brings up an essential question for many: What’s the price tag attached to this musical marvel? As with many instruments, the answer can range from pleasantly affordable to premium. Let’s break down the factors that swing the pendulum.
Factors Affecting Cost
- Brand, Material, and Craftsmanship:
- Brand: Established brands with a history of producing high-quality instruments often command higher prices. Yamaha, Buffet Crampon, and Selmer are some of the big names in the bass clarinet world.
- Material: As mentioned earlier, bass clarinets made from grenadilla wood usually carry a heftier price tag than their plastic counterparts. The rich, warm tones of wood, paired with its natural beauty, often justify the higher cost for professionals.
- Craftsmanship: Handcrafted instruments, with attention to detail and fine-tuning, will undoubtedly be more expensive than mass-produced ones. Such instruments are investments, offering unparalleled sound and longevity.
- New vs. Used Instruments: Purchasing a used bass clarinet can be a wallet-friendly option. However, the condition of the instrument plays a vital role. An older, well-maintained bass clarinet from a reputable brand might still fetch a high price, while a newer, lesser-known brand might be more affordable.
Buying Tips and Recommendations
Entering the market for a bass clarinet can be a tad overwhelming. Here are some pearls of wisdom to guide your purchase:
- Where to Buy:
- Local Music Stores: These allow you to physically test the instrument, feel its weight, and listen to its sound.
- Online Retailers: Websites like Woodwind & Brasswind or even Amazon offer a variety of options. Just ensure you’re buying from a reputable seller and that there’s a good return policy.
- Specialized Forums or Groups: Connect with fellow bass clarinet enthusiasts. They might have leads on good deals or instruments up for sale.
- Testing the Instrument: If buying in person, always play before you pay. Check for ease of blowing, the condition of the pads, and any unusual sounds or resistance.
- Ensuring Quality: Look for signs of wear and tear, especially if considering a used instrument. It might be beneficial to take along a seasoned player or teacher for their expert opinion.
- Warranty and Servicing: Especially for newer instruments, a warranty can be a lifesaver. It’s also good to know where you can get your bass clarinet serviced if the need arises.
- Reviews and Recommendations: Do your homework. Read reviews, ask for recommendations in online music communities, and don’t hesitate to ask sellers questions.
Bass Clarinets in Music
Music has a way of weaving stories, touching souls, and taking listeners on ethereal journeys. And instruments? They’re the storytellers. The bass clarinet, with its deep, sonorous tones, has a unique tale to tell, whether it’s in the grand setting of an orchestra or the spotlight of a solo stage.
Role in Orchestras and Bands
- The Bass Clarinet’s Place in Ensemble Settings: The bass clarinet isn’t just the taller, deeper-sounding cousin of the clarinet; it’s an orchestra’s unsung hero. Nestled between woodwinds and brass, it often provides the bass foundation for the woodwind section, acting as a bridge to the lower brass instruments. Its versatility shines through in symphonic bands, jazz ensembles, and wind orchestras, where it can both support and take the lead.
- Famous Pieces Featuring the Bass Clarinet: Over the centuries, many composers have recognized and celebrated the unique qualities of the bass clarinet.
- Symphonic Works: Beethoven’s Symphony No. 6 and Wagner’s “Die Walküre” both incorporate the instrument, showcasing its ability to add depth and color.
- Modern Compositions: Ravel’s “Daphnis et Chloé” and Stravinsky’s “The Rite of Spring” exhibit the bass clarinet’s capability to provide both rhythmic drive and atmospheric depth.
- Jazz: Artists like Eric Dolphy and Bennie Maupin have embraced the bass clarinet’s soulful voice, highlighting its adaptability and expressiveness in jazz settings.
Stepping away from the ensemble, the bass clarinet has proven itself to be a star in its own right. Here’s a glimpse of its solo magic:
Highlight of Significant Solo Pieces and Compositions:
- Marcus Weiss’s Interpretations: Weiss’s recordings have brought attention to many modern compositions for the bass clarinet, making him a prominent figure in the contemporary bass clarinet scene.
- “Sonata for Bass Clarinet and Piano” by Paul Hindemith: A staple in the bass clarinet literature, this piece is renowned for its depth, technical challenges, and melodic beauty.
- “Monolog” by Isang Yun: A tour de force, this composition takes the player and listener on a journey, exploring the instrument’s full range, dynamics, and tonal possibilities.
- “Bug” by Bruno Mantovani: A more recent addition to the repertoire, “Bug” is a rhythmic and technical challenge, demonstrating the modern capabilities of the bass clarinet.
To Wrap It Up!
The bass clarinet, with its rich history and diverse capabilities, truly stands as a testament to the wonders of musical evolution. From its intricate design to its presence in various musical genres and settings, this instrument weaves tales of depth and harmony. Whether you’re an aspiring player, a seasoned musician, or someone simply mesmerized by its sound, the bass clarinet beckons with stories yet to be told. As we’ve journeyed through its facets, it’s evident that its charm is not just in its deep resonances, but in the passion of those who choose to bring it to life. Here’s to celebrating the timeless allure of the bass clarinet, an instrument that continues to resonate across generations and melodies.
Is bass clarinet easier than clarinet?
The bass clarinet isn’t necessarily easier than the regular clarinet. Each has its unique challenges, but transitioning from a clarinet to a bass clarinet might feel more familiar to players.
Is bass clarinet harder than regular clarinet?
The bass clarinet can be harder due to its size, finger stretches, and different embouchure requirements. However, players with experience on the regular clarinet may adapt more quickly.
What is the point of a bass clarinet?
The bass clarinet enriches ensemble sound with its deep, resonant tones, providing a bridge between woodwinds and brass, and adding depth and versatility to orchestral and band compositions.
Is the bass clarinet a rare instrument?
While not as common as the regular clarinet, the bass clarinet isn’t extremely rare. It’s a staple in orchestras, symphonic bands, and some jazz ensembles. | <urn:uuid:c7d4d7e3-7669-4d72-9c45-93a61fa2daf8> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://7hits.com/facts/bass-clarinet/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.92321 | 3,503 | 2.71875 | 3 |
The Story Behind This Weird Border Between Massachusetts and Connecticut
When you look at a map of the United States, you will typically see state borders, but not in a great amount of detail. You get a general idea of the shape of each state's territory. But oftentimes, if you look a little closer, you see some very strange placement of borders that make you wonder, "What were they thinking?"
Let's look at Massachusetts. All of us here in New England are very familiar with what the borders of Massachusetts look like, but I have never noticed one portion of the southern border until now. See that odd dip on the southern border with Connecticut where it's mostly a straight line?
Here's a closer view, thanks to Google Maps.
What is going on here?
Well, in 2010, Connecticut State Senator John Kissel posted an explanation for this oddity, saying it was created over a land dispute.
The area is called the Granby Notch, and is now the town of Southwick, Massachusetts. Land disputes over this area began in 1641. Connecticut put up a trading post on Massachusetts land, and they didn't like it. So, Connecticut decided to charge taxes for using the Connecticut River. Then it was on like Donkey Kong. Massachusetts threatened to charge for access to Boston, and Connecticut backed down.
In 1642, Massachusetts surveyed the land to mark the border between Connecticut and Massachusetts, and it was accidentally placed 4 to 7 miles too far south than it should have been. This started more fighting between the two states, and several towns on the border were caught in it.
The fighting went on for over 100 years until the land dispute was finally settled in 1804 with an agreement that Connecticut would regain their border towns, but lose a portion of the town of Southwick to Massachusetts. That little dip in the border is Southwick, and is there after over a century of fighting between the two states. | <urn:uuid:fc79435b-877e-4102-8a7f-773cc6e870c9> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://949whom.com/the-story-behind-this-weird-border-between-massachusetts-and-connecticut/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.972863 | 395 | 3.09375 | 3 |
Roses are red and violets are blue. This Paper Plate Rose Craft is perfect for you!
Your students will love doing this book-inspired activity after reading, There Was An Old Lady Who Swallowed A Rose by Lucille Colandro. These bright and colorful flowers are also fun for children to make their family on Valentine’s Day or Mother’s Day.
How To Make A Paper Plate Rose Craft:
- Paper Plate
- Paint (red, pink, yellow, or white)
- Paint Brush
- Green Pipe Cleaner
How To Make:
To begin making this Valentine’s Day craft, your students will cut the edge of the paper plate off. This will help them when they twist the plate to form the flower at the end. They will then paint one side of a paper plate with red, pink, yellow, white, or any color rose that they would like. To save time, you can also use colored paper plates. I found a package of plates at the dollar store.
Next, your students will cut their paper plates in a spiral. My students like to say that they are creating a snail’s shell. If you are making these paper plate roses with young children and they are having trouble cutting a spiral, you can draw a line on the plate.
After your students cut their plates, they will take the outside edge of it and begin twisting it tightly to form the flower. They will glue or staple the end to the center of the flower so that it doesn’t unwind.
Finally, your students will then glue or staple a green pipe cleaner to the rose. If you don’t have pipe cleaner, you can also use green craft sticks.
You can put all of your students’ Paper Plate Rose Crafts together to create a beautiful, colorful banquet or place them around a bulletin board for a flower boarder.
You May Also Like:
Are you looking for more Valentine’s Day themed activities to do throughout the month of February? Click on the picture to learn more about these engaging Valentine’s Day Morning Tubs!
Share With Us: | <urn:uuid:4e9b8fd7-6d46-4084-bf4e-571780b462dc> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://abcsofliteracy.com/paper-plate-rose-craft/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.918231 | 443 | 2.90625 | 3 |
Jul 26, 2023
Arizona consistently produces the highest yields and quality of crops found anywhere. This is a testimony to not only the skill of Arizona farmers and the capacity to irrigate and produce crops in the desert but also to the productive soils that we are fortunate to have in this region. Soils are commonly considered to serve as the foundation of agriculture (Parikh and James, 2012) and that is certainly true in Arizona.
Many people think Arizona is composed of nothing but rocks and sand. While we do have an abundance of rocks and sand in Arizona, this region also has many areas with soils that are geologically young, with high natural fertility, and extremely productive if provided with sufficient water and good management.
Most Arizona crops are produced on alluvial soils that are formed from the deposits of sediments from periodic flooding of rivers and streams over thousands and millions of years. The alluvial soils used in Arizona crop production vary tremendously across the state and the entire desert Southwest. They vary in texture, depth, and structure. Our crop production capacities in this region are supported by the irrigation water and these incredible soil resources.
A great example of the rich alluvial soils of this region can be found in the lower Colorado River valleys including Mohave Valley, AZ; Parker Valley, AZ; Palo Verde Valley, CA; Imperial Valley, CA; Bard Valley, CA; Yuma Valley, Arizona; and the lower Gila Valleys of Arizona. The alluvial sediments that have formed the soils we encounter in the lower Colorado River system are estimated to have been deposited to several hundred meters (several thousand feet) in depth in the current river channel approximately 4.63 to 4.80 million years ago (Crow et al., 2021 and Kimbrough et al., 2015). These sediments are geologically “young” in contrast to the ancient crystalline rocks at the bottom of the Grand Canyon, often referred to as the “Vishnu Basement Rocks” that are 1,680 – 1,750 Ma (1.68 – 1.75 billion (b) years ago), (Crow, et al., 2021 and Mathis and Bowman, 2018).
In 1941, Dr. Hans Jenny from the University of California – Berkeley, published Factors of Soil Formation: A System of Quantitative Pedology. [Pedology is the scientific study of soils and their weathering profiles, including the formation, nature, ecology, and classification of soil.] This book is a classic and fundamental piece of work in the study of soil science due to Jenny’s capacity to translate the basic concepts into a quantitative scientific framework through a rigorous definition of the soil system and its genesis, including the identification and separation of dependent and independent variables.
Jenny described soil formation as a function of five factors: climate, biota (plants and animals), relief (topography), and parent material, all operating together over time (Figure 1).
Alluvial soils tend to be highly variable both horizontally across the landscape and vertically down through the soil profile. This can sometimes present challenges in field-level management for crop production, particularly when soil types change within a given field or relatively small area, which is rather common.
Figure 1. Hans Jenny and the factors of soil formation, 1941.
We commonly find that soil formation will vary tremendously across a landscape with natural soil variation across the landscape in both the horizontal and vertical dimensions with the distinct organization of soil horizons (Figures 2 and 3).
It is important to recognize soil variability in a crop production system because different soil types will have unique physical and chemical properties that can affect things like soil-water holding capacity, drainage, leaching capacities, soil fertility, and plant root development.
The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) has conducted extensive soil surveys across the United States for each state by county. Soil surveys can be accessed on-line at the following site: https://websoilsurvey.nrcs.usda.gov/app/
A broad map selected from NRCS Soil Survey of the Yuma area graphically depicts both the alluvial nature and variability of the soil resources commonly encountered in this area. https://websoilsurvey.nrcs.usda.gov/app/WebSoilSurvey.aspx
It is important to recognize the importance and high value of these natural soil resources that our agricultural systems are developed and dependent upon and be alert to the natural variability associated with the alluvial soils in this region.
Figure 2. Natural variation of soils across a landscape
Figure 3. Layers of soil, basic organization of soil horizons.
Figure 4. Soil volume, soil texture, and water holding capacity
relationships. Source: Kansas State University Agronomy Department, Soil
Crow, R.S., J. Schwing, K.E. Karlstrom, M. Heizler, P.A. Pearthree, P.K. House, S. Dulin, S.U. Jänecke, M. Stelten, and L.J. Crossey. 2021. Redefining the age of the lower Colorado River, southwestern United States: Geology, v. 49, p. 635–640, https://doi.org/10.1130/G48080.1
Jenny, H. 1941. Factors of Soil Formation: A System of Quantitative Pedology. McGraw-Hill Book Company. New York and London.
Kimbrough, D.L., M. Grove, M., G.E. Gehrels,, R.J. Dorsey, K.A. Howard, O. Lovera, A. Aslan, P.K. House, and P.A. Pearthree. 2015. Detrital zircon U-Pb provenance of the Colorado River: A 5 m.y. record of incision into cover strata overlying the Colorado Plateau and adjacent regions:
Geosphere, v. 11, p. 1719–1748, https://doi.
Kansas State University Agronomy Department, Soil Laboratory Manual: Soil and water relationships. https://kstatelibraries.pressbooks.pub/soilslabmanual/chapter/soil-and-water-relationships/
Mathis, A. and C. Bowman. 2018. Telling Time at Grand Canyon National Park. United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service.
Parikh, S. J. and B.R. James. 2012. Soil: The Foundation of Agriculture. Nature Education Knowledge 3(10):2 | <urn:uuid:1958fb2f-2ac7-4f8e-89ac-b507587ed8bc> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/agricultural-ipm/vegetables/vegetable-ipm-updates/10?Weedspage=2&Trappingpage=14&Insectpage=9&Biometeorologypage=10&PlantDiagnosticpage=8 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.893906 | 1,387 | 3.640625 | 4 |
Nov 15, 2023
Crop Water Management Basics
In desert agriculture we have an abundance of motivation to manage water efficiently. Water is the first limiting factor in crop production systems in the desert Southwest. Agriculture is responsible for the use of approximately 70% of all the freshwater use in Arizona and some estimates indicate about 80% of the Colorado River water diversions.
Crop production systems in the desert Southwest are experiencing increasing pressure to document and improve irrigation efficiency. Following more than two decades of drought in the western U.S., many watersheds are experiencing critical water shortages. A great deal of scrutiny is being applied to crop production systems in this region.
There are several ways to define irrigation efficiency. The primary definitions for irrigation efficiency include agronomic, economic, and environmental orientations.
In my view, the agronomic efficiency
of irrigation is fundamental and at the core of why we irrigate, which is for the benefit of the crop being grown. The crop plants are the centerpiece of the production process and the soil-plant system itself represents the primary objective of irrigation management.
Agronomic Irrigation Efficiency
Agronomic (crop and soil) considerations are centered on our ability to provide irrigation water for the sustainable production of a crop in the field. The three primary demands for crop water management include: 1) providing water for seed germination and stand establishment, 2) providing irrigation water to match crop-consumptive water use and avoid crop water stress, and 3) provide sufficient irrigation water to leach soluble salts from the root zone so that the soils can support crop production in a sustainable manner (Figure 1).
Agronomic efficiency at the field level focuses on the crop water demand
(CWD) through crop consumptive use (crop evapotranspiration
, ETc, which is the combination of evaporation and transpiration from the crop) and leaching requirements
(LR) which are dependent upon the crop and salinity of the irrigation water.
Agronomic efficiency can be estimated by considering the difference between ETc + LR = CWD
and the volume of irrigation water applied (IWA
The leaching requirement (LR) can be estimated by use of the following calculation:
= salinity of the irrigation water, electrical conductivity (dS/m)
= critical plant salinity tolerance, electrical conductivity (dS/m)
This is a good method of LR calculation that has been utilized extensively and successfully in Arizona and the desert Southwest for many years. This method considers the quality of the irrigation water being used and the salinity tolerance of the crop.
We can easily determine the salinity of our irrigation waters (ECw
) and we can find the critical plant salinity tolerance level from readily available tabulations of salinity tolerance for many crops (Ayers and Westcot, 1989). Additional direct references are from Dr. E.V. Maas’ lab at the University of California (Maas, 1984: Maas, 1986; Maas and Grattan, 1999; Maas and Grieve, 1994; and Maas and Hoffman, 1997).
To deal with crop water management at the field level agronomically, the crop and soil factors, there are some good tools that we can easily access for assistance.
Dr. Jeremy Weiss, program manager for the University of Arizona AZMET system, developed some valuable tools last year that provide actual crop evapotranspiration (ETc) estimates from several AZMET sites in the lower Colorado River Valley and for several key vegetable crops, including lettuce (iceberg and romaine), broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage, and spinach.
He has made some nice modifications to this tool and I think you will find the enhancements very useful and beneficial.
This tool provides accumulations of ETc values for this current season utilizing the crop planting date selected by the user and any range of time up to the present. The Kc values presented in FAO-56 are used for appropriate stages with each crop. The reference evapotranspiration (ETo) measurements are taken directly from each AZMET site listed. Thus, by this method ETc estimates are made by use of equation 3. These provide good crop-water use estimates for our crops in this region.
To access this crop-water estimate tool please refer to the following link:
If we enter information for a lettuce crop planted on 1 September 2023 through 10 November for the Yuma South site, we get the following information from this tool:
“Estimated total water use at the AZMet Yuma South station for lettuce since the planting date of September 1, 2023 and through the end date of November 10, 2023 is 11.47 inches. Total precipitation over this period is 0.40 inches.”
Similar estimates are provided by this model for several AZMET weather stations in the Yuma production area: Roll, Yuma North Gila, Yuma South, and the Yuma Valley. The Yuma Valley station is at the University of Arizona Yuma Agricultural Center and the Yuma South site is near Somerton, Arizona. A map of AZMET sites can be found in the following link:
When we include the leaching requirement for the crop, an overall estimate of field level irrigation efficiency can be made. We can estimate the leaching requirement as follows assuming an electrical conductivity for Colorado River water of 1.1 dS/m and the lettuce crop salinity tolerance of 1.3 dS/m.
Leaching Requirement (LR) = ECw/((5 X ECe)-ECw)
LR = 1.1 dS/m / (5 X 1.3) – 1.1 = 1.1/5.4 = 0.20 = 20% leaching requirement
LR = 11.5 X 0.2 = 2.3 ~ 2.3 inches
If 12 inches of irrigation water was required in this field for total crop consumptive use, then the total crop water demand in this case is consumptive use plus the leaching requirement:
Total crop water demand (in this example) = 12.0 + 2.3 = 13.8 or ~ 14 inches total
Considering the total crop-water demand from this AZMET crop-water use tool plus the leaching requirement, we can compare that with the amount of irrigation water that was actually applied to the field. This can provide an estimate of the agronomic efficiency for a given field of lettuce, or any of the for other leafy green vegetable crops that we commonly grow in this area and select from tool’s menu.
It serves us well to measure and understand the relationship between crop demand (consumptive use plus leaching requirements) versus the irrigation water that is applied to a given field.
Allen, R. G., Pereira, L. S., Raes, D., & Smith, M. (1998). Crop evapotranspiration-Guidelines for computing crop water requirements-FAO Irrigation and drainage paper 56
. FAO, Rome, 300(9), D05109.
Ayers, R.S. and D.W. Westcot. 1989 (reprinted 1994). Water quality for agriculture. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 29 Rev. 1. ISBN 92-5-102263-1. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Rome, 1985 © FAO.
Erie, L.J., O.A French, D.A. Bucks, and K. Harris. 1981. Consumptive Use of Water by Major Crops in the Southwestern United States. United States Department of Agriculture, Conservation Research Report No. 29.
Khokhar, T. 2017. World Bank.
Maas, E.V. 1984. Crop tolerance to salinity. California Agriculture, October 1984. https://calag.ucanr.edu/archive/?type=pdf&article=ca.v038n10p20
Maas, E.V. 1986. Salt tolerance of plants. Appl. Agric. Res., 1, 12-36.
Maas, E.V. and S.R. Grattan. 1999. Crop yields as affected by salinity, Agricultural Drainage, Agronomy Monograph No. 38.
Maas, E. V., and Grattan, S. R. (1999). Crop yields as affected by salinity, agricultural
drainage, Agronomy Monograph No. 38, R. W.
Maas, E. V., and Grieve, C. M. 1994. “Salt tolerance of plants at different growth stages,” in Proc., Int. Conf. Current Developments in Salinity and Drought Tolerance of Plants. January 7–11, 1990, Tando Jam, Pakistan, 181–197.
Maas, E. V., and Hoffman, G. J. (1977). “Crop salt tolerance: Current assessment.” | <urn:uuid:9e79d3ea-8536-4c1b-a051-fa300b44a806> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/agricultural-ipm/vegetables/vegetable-ipm-updates/2?Biometeorologypage=7&Trappingpage=10&Weedspage=9&Insectpage=10&PlantDiagnosticpage=6 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.892921 | 1,870 | 3.65625 | 4 |
Servo gearheads provide mechanical benefit by multiplying engine torque while reducing the driven load’s reflected inertia back to the motor.
We offers the widest range of gear systems providing optimal solutions considerably beyond the features of additional gearhead suppliers.
Do you know why we still use today gearboxes while servo motors becoming stronger and more advanced? The gearboxes are used in many instances in combination with a servo electric motor, for example because they possess low backlash and so are able to deal with high torque. But still we didn’t give an answer to the previous query: why! In this article we discuss the procedure of a servo drive and translate this to the gearboxes.
Technically translated tis means to follow or execute a command. A servo electric motor follows the (complex) task given to him.
For commercial applications, servo motors are used in which a drive-system has to be accurate or highly powerful. The feedback to the motor is performed through a resolver (analogue sensor of rotation) or encoder (digital sensor of rotation). A servo engine is controlled by a servo amplifier, perhaps with a shaft controller.
The rotation frequency of the actuator is given back by the resolver or encoder. This is capable as well as the rotational velocity, also to determine the placement of the rotor and the direction of rotation. The servo amplifier compares the established rotational frequency with the measured rotational frequency. Now the servo amplifier can drive the actuator to the desired values.
Interesting, AC Servo Motors have no significant disadvantages more! So, why would you utilize a gearbox?
This has the next reasons:
If you want a very low quickness, possibly in mixture with an increased torque.
If you want high torque. (Actuators with high torque can be found, but they are exponentially more expensive compared to the smaller servomotors)
Inertia servo motor and gearbox matching, to be able to prevent that the strain determines the behaviour of the electric motor.
In order to absorb the high radial or axial forces of the application.
If you would like to go “nearby” otherwise the servomotor shines the application. Gearboxes can be found in right-angled versions.
Baldor’s GBSM-series of low backlash, servo motor rated gearheads, mount easily and directly onto AC brushless servo motors to provide industrial motion control tools with torque multiplication and proper inertial matching. These gearheads are created for servo applications needing precision, durability, and long trouble-free operation. | <urn:uuid:0eb06354-3cce-4701-8a10-32f210bc872a> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://agriculturalgearbox.xyz/servo-motor-and-gearbox/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.92023 | 543 | 2.765625 | 3 |
As a developing world and with an ever increasing amount of waste production, removing waste properly and efficiently is very important for all humans and our environment for a number of reasons. Over production and collection of waste can be detrimental to our future world and well-being. Waste removal is critical for protecting the environment in which we live and also for protecting all people from the hazardous materials, toxins and pollutants that release into the world as a product of this waste. It is also critical for maintaining a clean and healthy environment for all where accidents and health issues are less likely to appear and occur. This also acts to protect individual companies from penalties and consequences that result from incorrect waste disposal. There are laws set in place regarding waste removal for good reason. We do not want our world to become one of entire landfill and overwhelmed by our own trash and waste products. So it is important to understand how we may manage the removal of certain wastes in our own environment.
All waste can present a hazard to the general public and the environment that surrounds it if it is not removed and instead left to build up and cause an obstruction to workers, traffic and generally all within the area. Waste materials including timber scraps or parts and packaging items, although seemingly not assumed a hazard can present a risk to the public as they are flammable and heavy items. General waste collected on streets also presents the risk for the public to come in contact with hazardous substances or materials that can promote health risks, and so it needs to be regularly collected and cleared away out of the public range to avoid associated dangers.
It is not a difficult task to remove such waste in an appropriate manner. General waste generated from households and commercial offices or buildings both internally and externally can be collected in a general waste removal system. Commercial cleaning companies make this easy by collecting the waste generated within workplaces and transporting it to an appropriate waste collection spot where it will be exported out of the public range.
Hazardous waste is a little harder to remove whilst complying with the regulations that encompass the realm of dangerous substances. The proper disposal of chemical waste, toxic waste, pesticides, clinical waste and battery materials needs to be done so in a safe and functional manner. These types of substance waste products must be disposed of by trained operatives to ensure no danger eventuates due to poor removal execution. This can pose a hassle to many with access to such products, however, it is critical that the waste is removed properly to ensure the safety and health of those within the surrounding area.
It is worth talking to your regular commercial cleaning company about their waste removal systems to ensure the profession removal of such products in accordance with the legal regulations and procedures. Organising and implementing an effective waste removal system within your workplace can reduce the stress and hassle of this procedure and also improve the health and safety of all people and coworkers in your area. | <urn:uuid:7037973a-0df0-4be5-ae8f-6284a9c47f02> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://ankars.com.au/removing-waste-important/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.952133 | 572 | 3.453125 | 3 |
Access Time vs Cycle Time of Memory
Summary: Difference Between Access Time and Cycle Time of Memory is that Access time is the amount of time it takes the processor to read data, instructions, and information from memory. While Cycle Time of Memory is the time that is measured in nanoseconds, the time between one Ram access of time when the next Random Access Memory RAM access starts.
Memory access time
Access time is the amount of time it takes the processor to read data, instructions, and information from memory. A computer’s access time directly affects how fast the computer processes data. Accessing data in memory can be more than 200,000 times faster than accessing data on a hard disk because of the mechanical motion of the hard disk. Today’s manufacturers use a variety of terminology to state access times. Some use fractions of a second, which for memory occurs in nano seconds. A nanosecond (abbreviated ns) is one billionth of a second. A nanosecond is extremely fast. Other manufacturers state access times in MHz; for example, 800 MHz RAM.
While access times of memory greatly affect overall computer performance, manufacturers and retailers usually list a computer’s memory in terms of its size, not its access time.
Memory Cycle Time
It is the time that is measured in nanoseconds, the time between one Ram access of time when the next Random Access Memory RAM access starts. Access time were used as synonym of it but IBM separates that with some explanation. That Cycle Time find the right place for the memory to take place in the memory and transfer time of that information/process. So one should not get confused while thinking about the Clock Cycle or Clock Speed which have to do with number of cycles/second to which a processor is paced. | <urn:uuid:5b6649bb-bac2-4874-bd73-f61a82b9d922> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://anydifferencebetween.com/difference-between-access-time-and-cycle-time-of-memory/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.927801 | 368 | 3.421875 | 3 |
Open all pages about Gastroscopy
A gastroscopy might be done if you have symptoms such as problems swallowing, indigestion that does not get better, or there’s blood in your poo.
You should not eat for at least 6 hours before a gastroscopy. It's important that your stomach is empty during the test.
During a gastroscopy, a camera is put down your throat and into your stomach. You can ask for medicine to numb your throat and make you more relaxed.
You might have stomach pain after a gastroscopy. This should pass in a few hours. Call 111 if your pain gets worse or you vomit blood.
Some of the results of your gastroscopy will be explained to you before you go home. You may need to wait a few weeks for the full results.
Page last reviewed: 07/04/2022
Next review due: 07/04/2025 | <urn:uuid:4e5d2a63-c43c-40fb-9f6f-5ff005f5e68e> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://api-bridge.azurewebsites.net/conditions/index.php?uid=cmF2aS5zaGFua2FyQGFtYmxlc2lkZW51cnNpbmdob21lLmNvLnVr&category=A&p=gastroscopy%2Fgetting-ready%2F%23preparation&tabname=1&index=1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.936992 | 194 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Climate change is not only changing the location, frequency, and severity of environmental extremes and hazards, but also the baseline spatial and temporal patterns that have served as the basis for land use planning, the design of infrastructure, and the development of construction standards and practices. To anticipate the emerging impacts on communities, we must improve understanding of exposed assets, including the built infrastructure and its characteristics such as structure type, use, occupance, compliance with engineering standards, and replacement cost. GIS databases track exposure on a wide variety of scales, formats, and levels of detail, yet aggregating these data for risk assessment typically results in skewed datasets that present a view of risk that is limited to known assets. In this short course, we will cover the basics of natural hazard risk modeling and exposure development with a focus on fusing data from multiple datasets expressly for the purposes of risk assessment. We will also present examples applying the techniques to applications related to flood risk assessment, climate adaptation, and earthquake modeling.
This training is also available in Spanish.
A portion of this training was funded by the NASA Applied Sciences Disasters Program.
By the end of this training attendees will be able to:
- Recognize what building vulnerability is and why it is important for risk modeling
- Identify the core elements of natural hazard risk modeling and asset loss estimation
- Identify fundamental approaches for developing building-exposure models using Earth Observation data and tools
- Apply a basic procedure to model built infrastructure exposure and vulnerability characteristics from Earth Observation data
- Evaluate building-specific exposure data sets to identify key components for fit, validity, consistency and rectify bias
- Evaluate the appropriate use of modeled building exposure data to a given community
- Apply strategies to identify and address equity and bias considerations
- Apply approaches to validate building data with imagery for regional datasets
- Document your exposure development process through metadata so that others can understand the process used, the limitations, and how to update if necessary.
Advanced-level students interested in risk assessment and climate change adaptation, emergency managers, risk modelers, GIS analysts, EO researchers and analysts, Structural Engineers, climate adaptation researchers and planners
Three, 2 hour sessions | <urn:uuid:59b8246c-a854-40cb-9da7-a84aeff9ccc8> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://appliedsciences.nasa.gov/get-involved/training/english/arset-transforming-earth-observation-eo-data-building-infrastructure?utm_source=social&utm_medium=ext&utm_campaign=DisasterModeling2023 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.915148 | 447 | 3.078125 | 3 |
Wastewater treatment plays a critical role in protecting both public health and the environment. Adopting a higher-concentration wastewater chemistry can enhance treatment efficiency. This article depicts the advantages associated with transitioning to higher concentration in active ingredients coagulant and the appropriate type of polymer for your treatment. This includes improved contaminant removal, enhanced process stability, reduced environmental impact, and cost and energy savings in freight logistics.
Improved Contaminant Removal
Upgrading the coagulant to a higher in active ingredients alternative and choosing the right charge flocculant offer significant advantages in terms of contaminant removal. The ability to attract and capture contaminants per unit volume can be greatly enhanced by increasing the concentration of active ingredients in the coagulants used in the treatment process. Without needing to modify the equipment, the removal capacity for pollutants can be greatly enhanced by selecting the appropriate higher-concentrated coagulant and flocculant. The reduction of sludge and enhanced flow throughput in clarifiers and DAF are frequently observed as some of the key advantages.
Reduced Environmental Impact
Being able to use less chemistry has a hidden environmental advantage. Yes, a highly concentrated coagulant can increase the performance of your system and reduce the contaminant load on the environment. This is somewhat of an obvious cause-and-effect relationship. The less obvious one is linked to the method of manufacture of most water treatment chemicals. Coagulants and flocculants are not simple molecules, requiring a combination of primary chemicals, chemical by-products, heat, and pressure to give the final product. There is an environmental cost to creating these molecules. Heat and pressure, in most cases, come from the burning of a fossil fuel source. To heat up a lower-concentrated solution, it requires virtually the same amount of external energy as a highly concentrated solution since most of the energy goes to heating the aqueous fraction of the solution. Using a highly concentrated coagulant in combination with the right flocculant will allow you to reduce your environmental footprint by reducing the amount of energy you are using before the product gets to your plant.
Cost and Energy Savings in Freight Logistics
The transportation of goods is becoming more expensive. While trucks are becoming more efficient and less polluting, they are still contributing a significant amount of greenhouse gases to our environment. Being able to optimize freight and logistics can create significant cost and environmental savings. A higher-concentrated coagulant paired with the right flocculant will reduce the amount of yearly delivery to your plant due to the lower volume of chemistry used due to the high concentration. As a result, there will be fewer shipments, fewer returns of empty packaging, less packaging used, and less risk for operators, as well as numerous other benefits related to a decreased manipulation load. By optimizing the chemistry and by selecting a higher-concentrated solution, logistic expenses can be cut by up to four times.
More effective and sustainable wastewater management can be achieved through improved contaminant removal, improved process stability, reduced environmental impact, and cost and energy savings in freight logistics. By leveraging the advantages of higher-concentration coagulants and expertly chosen flocculants, we can achieve cleaner water resources, reduce costs, minimize energy consumption, and ensure a healthier environment for future generations. | <urn:uuid:cba87abb-6dc6-4f62-9202-9a05b6a69569> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://aquasan.ca/articles/logistics-advantages-of-upgrading-wastewater-chemistry-for-higher-charge/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.932664 | 687 | 2.765625 | 3 |
Close to nine years of civil war in Syria have resulted in the near total collapse of the country’s economy. From 2010 to 2017, it has declined by more than 70 percent. The Syrian regime blames international sanctions for the free fall of the Syrian pound and the lack of state services. Little mention is made of the widespread infrastructural damage after years of war, diminished domestic consumption and production, reduced subsidies, and dislocation of communities. In addition, high inflation, a weak national currency (the pound, or lira), and increased central bank intervention to support government spending on fighting the civil war have caused dwindling foreign exchange reserves and threaten to worsen the daily lives of Syrians––as if anything more could. Indeed, if the Syrian government fails to address the profound underlying economic problems, Syria may be looking at a quick and downward spiraling trend that will obviate whatever gains the Syrian army may have made against the opposition since 2011.
The Role of the Central Bank of Syria
The Central Bank of Syria (CBS) is the second oldest in the region after the Central Bank of Egypt, which was set up in 1863. Syria’s bank was established in 1953 and started operations in 1956. Like similar institutions around the world, the CBS issues bank notes, controls the money supply and banks, and acts as the fiscal agent of the government. It effected the separation of the Syrian lira from the French franc (France was the colonial power occupying Syria until 1946). And like others around the world, the bank was supposed to be separate and independent politically and to maintain monetary independence. The bank’s website still maintains that its function is to supervise the macroeconomic policy of the state, maintain the exchange rate, and control inflation.
One of the main issues in the authoritarian systems of developing or low-income countries like Syria is the lack of accurate statistics. Authorities often consider such information a national security issue. When the Syrian Central Bureau of Statistics––which is supposed to provide all the numbers that reflect the state of the Syrian economy––issues its reports, most independent scholars argue that its numbers are fabricated and inaccurate. In fact, the government is viewed as having published the statistics for political reasons, which makes them unreliable as a basis for an honest assessment of the economy. In Syria’s case, the Bureau has not published essential data about economic growth and the unemployment rate despite the fact that these are part of its mandate.
But a Trading Economics report listed economic growth in Syria in 2017 at 1.9 percent, which appeared to be a rebound from a -4.0 percent figure in 2016. A 2017 CIA report estimated the unemployment rate to have reached 50 percent, which was unchanged from 2016. Today’s collapse of the Syrian pound further illustrates the bank’s failure to protect the national currency; on January 18, 2020, the lira traded at almost 1,200 to the dollar. It is noteworthy that in 2011, the lira traded at 47 to the dollar. Such a free fall has led to a severe drop in the purchasing power of Syrian citizens, thus increasing the suffering of those who lack basic state services like drinking water, electricity, gas, and fuel during this tough winter.
Part of the problem has been the decline in Syria’s foreign currency reserves, specifically the dollar. Before the start of the war in 2011, reserves stood at $16-18 billion; but they dwindled by about a third by the end of that year. In 2015, the World Bank estimated that the country’s foreign reserves stood at $700 million, a level that has not improved since then and one that basically cannot buttress any bank effort to prevent the decline of the pound. Additionally, many blame part of the problem on developments in Lebanon where banks are limiting access to dollar deposits, including to Syrian depositors.
In addition to the widespread destruction and the disruption of all economic activities in the country, two specific developments have limited the government’s ability to influence the situation. First, international sanctions on the regime have limited the ability to secure foreign funds and hard currency, thus inhibiting external trade. In 2017, Syria’s exports were only $1.85 billion and imports stood at $6.279 billion, necessitating the intervention of the central bank, via its use of reserves, to protect the local market and currency. Second, Syria has lost control over its oil in the northeast, an area that is currently under the control of American forces in the region, depriving Damascus of needed energy resources and increasing its reliance on illicit imports from Iran, among other countries. To try to ameliorate the decline of the national currency, the Syrian government has issued directives to enforce the use of the pound in large and small transactions. It also set the exchange rate at 434 pounds to the dollar, a level that cannot prevent illegal trade by underground exchange manipulators.
The Threat to Ordinary Syrians
The continuing hemorrhage—and indeed collapse—of the Syrian national currency primarily affects the purchasing power of ordinary Syrians. With widespread unemployment in Syria and the displacement of millions of Syrians inside and outside the country, there may be no recourse for halting this collapse or addressing poverty. In 2019, the United Nations Development Programme estimated that 83 percent of Syrians already live below the poverty line and that close to 12 million are in immediate need of assistance, a situation that will only get worse in the future if current conditions continue.
The Syrian government may think that its superiority on the battlefield is the most important development in the last few years. The Syrian army, buttressed by Russian equipment and troops and Iranian-supported militias, is currently waging what it sees as its last battle against the opposition in Idlib in the northwest. But in reality, Syria’s toughest battle is in how to handle the collapse of the national economy and the required reconstruction of the country. Considering the paucity of funds in its central bank to support the national currency, coupled with the absence of regional and international donors for reconstruction, the latter battle is likely to be the most difficult of them all. | <urn:uuid:9b473601-36d9-4d4b-8b3d-bc40c69faadb> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://arabcenterdc.org/resource/the-collapse-of-the-syrian-pound-may-doom-the-syrian-economy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.959368 | 1,239 | 3.453125 | 3 |
The family in India occupies a central position in the life of people and is one of the basic units of the Indian society. Family counselling prepares individuals and families for the roles and responsibilities of family living within the existing socio cultural and economic context. The foremost feature of family is that it consists of a definite system of role relationships and sentiments that bind its members together. It is a process through which the family as a whole is enabled to change its patterns of interaction so that all members feel less pain and become freer to develop in the directions more satisfying to them.
The formal beginnings of marriage and family counselling are traced to the 1940s and
the early 1950s, but its real growth occurred in the late 1970s and the 1980s.
Psychoanalytic therapists began to extend their approach to include a family orientation in the late 1940s. The work of Nathan Ackerman (1958) was especially important in focusing the attention of psychoanalysis on family units. The early pioneers in marriage counselling are Paul Popenoe and Emily Mudd and they established an Association of Marriage Counsellors in 1942 which is now known as Association of Marriage and Family Therapists. In marriage counselling, three entities were considered: two individuals and one couple.
Family as a Social institution
The family in modern society is an institution with many functions.
- The family provides the sexual needs of the marital partner and provides the
emotional support and nurturance of these individuals.
- The family produces and economically supports children.
- It also meets the emotional as well as the physical needs of the children.
- Shelter, warmth, food, medical care, clothing, recreation etc are also satisfied in
- The family develops a pattern of division of labour in meeting its needs.
- It is the responsibility of the family to transmit the culture to the children, acceptable role behaviour according to the age and gender, the ability to communicate verbally and non verbally, appropriate means of expressing emotion, coping with the external environment, both physical and social.
Family as a System
The family stands in a unique position between the larger society and the individual. A family system conceived as having an invisible boundary which encircles it, within its boundary, any movement toward change in one of the parts, or in the order of the parts, will tend to activate the governing processes which have previously kept the system stable.
Systems can be characterized as open or closed. An open system tends to exchange new information relatively easily across the system’s boundaries and can adapt to accommodate new information. An open system can develop a new homeostasis that incorporates new information. A closed system tends to inhibit any flow of new information across the system’s boundaries and the system will tend to become rigid and atrophy.
The Functions of Family as a System
- It is within the family system that children experience their first feelings, experiment
with their first thoughts, and are reinforced for their first behaviours.
- The children observe their first models of their adult behaviour within the family system.
- Children will learn or unlearn their behaviour through modelling by their siblings
and their parents as well as through reinforcement directed specifically at them. Issues in Matrimonial and Family Counseling In India, the marriage and family is the place where we can see tenderness, sympathy, understanding and affection. Presently, it is characterized by strife, resentment, discord, disharmony with implicit or open aggression.
- The marital relationship is under strain and becoming complex and demanding. Women are more educated, economically independent and contributing to the work force. Now marriage is considered as a matter of mutual agreement. The family background is one factor. The other factors include dowry problem, consider sex as dirty, inadequate men and women, alcohol or drug dependency
Causes of Marital Disharmony
1. Family: The social family in which the young wife enters have high handedness of mother-in-law and the husband will be unable to respond to the needs of the wife. The single family which have economic crisis also contributes to the marital disharmony. The lack of space, poor communication and outburst of temper by other people within the family can also create problem.
2. Expectations: Couples will have lot of expectations from the other and if that is not
gratified disharmony will take place.
3. Psychiatric Disorders: The psychiatric disorders include Paranoid disorders,
depression, schizophrenia, alcoholism or drug addiction, mental retardation, sexual
4. Personality and Behavior patterns of sexual partner.
5. Physical defects: If the physical defect was hidden before marriage that can lead
to marital discord.
6. Industrialization and Urbanisation: Most people come to cities for their livelihood
where life is so fast and the breadwinners have to devote their most time to the job
which decreases their quality time spending with the family which is the primary
7. Separation of marital partners: the long periods of separation lead to infidelity and
lack of love between them.
8. Demand for Egalitarian stereotype: The woman has a dual role as working women
and home maker. This created stress in women and she wanted her partner also to help in household chores
Stages of Family Counseling
The Stages of Family Counseling include:
i. Initial information gathering and assessment
ii. Defining the problem
iii. Developing a working contract between Counselor and Client
iv. Further data gathering and assessment for the purpose of formulating alternative
plans for intervention
v. Choosing a plan for intervention
vi. Intervening for problem alleviation
vii. Stabilizing the results of the change effort
Beginning the Counseling Process
At the initial interview, the anxious family may spill out the entire problem as they see it, or, at the opposite extreme, they may be unable to speak coherently at all. The initial session may be spent largely in helping the family feel comfortable in this new environment so that they can function more or less in their own normal manner. Of primary importance is building a relationship between therapist and family which will involve essential trust and goodwill.
The basic purpose of an initial session is beginning problem definition, at least to the stage of presenting problem, basic fact finding related to the presenting problems, which hopefully will reveal clues as to contributing underlying systemic factors and helping the
family to begin to trust the therapist. The counselor and the family also need to work
out a tentative initial contract, defining the initial problem for work, the respective roles
of therapist and family, specification of who will be included in the interviews.
Continuing the Counseling Process
The counselor should create an atmosphere in which all the members will be able to reduce their fearfulness and will recognize that their attempts at communication will be
received empathetically and non-judgmentally. Reducing fear reduces need for defensiveness.
Advantages of Marriage or Family Counseling
Family counseling interventions are more effective than individual interventions and lead to greater durability for change.
Some forms of family counseling are more effective in treating problems than individual counseling sessions.
The presence of both parents in family counseling situations greatly improves the
chances for success.
The effectiveness of marriage counseling when both partners meet conjointly with the counselor is nearly twice that of counselors working with just one spouse.
When marriage or family counseling services are not offered to the couples conjointly or to families systemically the results of the intervention may be negative and problems may worsen.
This form of treatment is logical, satisfactory, fast and economical.
All families have to deal with family cohesion and family adaptability. The families which
are balanced seem to function more adequately. Families that are most successful, happy, and strong are not only balanced but are:
ii. Appreciate each other
iii. Spend time together
iv. Have good communication patterns
v. Have a high degree of religious orientation
vi. Are able to deal with crisis in a positive manner.
Bowen mentioned two types of family dys – functionality:
a. Enmeshment refers to family environment where members are overly dependent on each other or are undifferentiated.
b. Triangulation refers to the family fusion situations where one person is pulled in two different directions by the other members of the triangle.
Approaches to Family Counseling
There are numerous methods of couple counseling depending upon the clients, problems
and skills of the therapist. There are six types of approaches:
1. Individual: one spouse is counseled in one-to-one counseling sessions.
2. Individual-group-one of the spouses is treated in group sessions.
3. Concurrent: both the spouses are counsel led but in separate individual sessions.
4. Concurrent-group: both the spouses are counseled within the same group at
5. Conjoint: both the spouses are counseled together in the same individual sessions.
6. Conjoint- group: both the spouses are treated together in the same group session.
The requirements for sound and effective counseling include:
The counselor should have a sense of commitment and respect for humanity.
The counselor should be emotionally accepted by the parties concerned.
The counselor should respect the counseled.
The counselor should have a non-judgmental attitude.
The counselor should help the parties to reach a reasonable settlement that is
acceptable to both parties.
The counselor must hear the client patiently.
The parties should be given a chance and encouraged to talk each other freely and
The counselor must maintain objectivity. | <urn:uuid:41a51ca7-3ced-47cc-b1d5-bd58ec805b7d> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://article1000.com/family-counseling/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.95264 | 1,968 | 3.6875 | 4 |
Providing access to closed off parts of our companies is what we mean when we talk about access control. But being familiar with something and using it effectively to preserve confidential information are two very different degrees of understanding. Who, for instance, has access to what? What guidelines apply? How is it monitored?
Before granting someone access to confidential information, you must first identify and verify them, hence the foundation of an access control system must have criteria and records for each time someone “enters” the system.
You should think about two major concepts, such as how much control you want over the system and how you select which employees receive access to what, depending on the type of company you have. Numerous variants, each with different benefits.
The Most Popular Forms of Access Control Systems
Mandatory Access Control (MAC)
Mandatory access control, wherein only system administrators have the power to provide access, is the system with the toughest security protections. Since users are unable to change permissions that restrict or allow access to particular areas, this results in tight protection around sensitive information.
It even limits the resource owner’s ability to provide users access to anything listed in the system. A worker is given a precise collection of variable “tags” that identify their level of access as soon as they check in, much like a digital security profile. As a result, a user’s access to resources will be limited in accordance with the tags they possess and the sensitivity of the data they contain. This technology is so brilliant because it is committed to secrecy that government agencies routinely use it.
Discretionary Access Control (DAC)
However, a system that allows for discretionary access offers the business owner a little bit more control. The system administrator controls who has access to what resources, even if a hierarchy of files with specific permissions was set by them. Simply having the right credentials is enough to get access. Of course, the one disadvantage is that letting end users select their own security levels may lead to errors. Furthermore, because the system requires more active engagement in determining rights, it is simple for activities to go through the cracks. Comparing the flexible and high-effort DAC system to the rigid and low-effort MAC technique.
Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)
Depending on their tasks at work, a user’s permissions are delegated through role-based access control. The most common kind of access control system restricts access based on your rank inside the company, denying access to critical information to lower-level employees. In this method, access permissions are developed based on a variety of company-related characteristics, including resource requirements, work environment, employment, region, and more. This approach is preferred by most business owners because it makes it simple to group employees according to the resources they need access to. Human resources staff do not need access to private marketing materials, and marketing staff do not need access to employee compensation. RBAC provides a flexible strategy that increases visibility while bolstering protection against breaches and data leaks.
Cloud v/s On- Premise
Access control systems have traditionally been on-premise systems, although software-as-a-service(SaaS) is becoming more and more common. Smaller companies with fewer resources and time can have access control thanks to the cloud.
There are still use cases where an on-premise or maybe a hybrid solution might make more sense, even if the majority of firms today employ a cloud-based system.
On- Premise Access Control Systems
Some businesses prefer the traditional on-premise access control solutions because they have more control over them. A central computer acts as the main server and is connected to peripheral devices including readers, controllers, and access control panels.
Companies often pay a licensing fee for the software instead of a monthly cost, and they are responsible for managing the system. Larger businesses that can afford to employ on-site IT staff with the skills and experience to administer, monitor, and upgrade these systems are more likely to have on-premise access control systems.
Cloud-based Access Control Systems
Everything is saved in the cloud rather than on a local server to keep the access list and audit trails. Because it is simpler to use and maintain, more economical, and offers more chances for integration with other software tools, the majority of enterprises utilize cloud-based access control systems today.
However, not everyone is created equally. When it comes to how the hardware is placed, whether or not the admins are in charge of the software, how credentials are used to get access to buildings, etc., cloud-based or SaaS enabled access control might appear quite different.
AI-Powered Identity Management Is The Future
The task of administering the systems will keep shifting away from humans and toward technology as access control approaches the future. AI (artificial intelligence) not only enables us to assess users’ access rights in real-time, but it also has the capacity to predict an employee’s complete lifespan. These solutions not only shield us from the “present,” but also have the capacity to spot dangers and compliance problems before they worsen. Because the AI makes it easy to view everything from a high level, you won’t need to carefully monitor the complex network of policies and access control lists.
Atkaal is the leading access control system supplier in Saudi Arabia. The application of access control systems will result in the assurance of the highest degree of security in both internal and external locations. Access control systems and its architecture vary depending on usage, location, and level of complicity, and we will do our best to successfully meet your needs.
We will thoroughly research your company while working on the access control system project and make recommendations for the best kind of access control system to be deployed. Discover for yourself how our platform may help your business. | <urn:uuid:b1c8a509-e25a-4b02-8eae-2785ed275e1a> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://atkaal.com.sa/different-types-of-access-control-systems/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.938553 | 1,197 | 2.90625 | 3 |
Cultural differences in political debate
Comparing face threats in U.S., Great Britain, and Egyptian Campaign Debates
We compared recent historical debates from the U.S., Great Britain, and Egypt using politeness theory to determine if there were significant cultural differences and/or similarities in the way candidates argued for high office. The transcripts from these debates were coded using a schema based on face threats used in debates. Results indicate some differences between the way U.S. presidential candidates, British leaders, and Egyptian leaders initiate and manage face threats on leadership and competence.
Cited by 1 other publications
Dailey, William O.
. Civility in Political Discourse
. In The International Encyclopedia of Interpersonal Communication
pp. 1 ff.
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 16 november 2023. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers.
Any errors therein should be reported to them. | <urn:uuid:eefd33fd-7358-4bb5-9dc2-291f129e0c96> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://benjamins.com/catalog/aic.9.02hin | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.908394 | 199 | 2.65625 | 3 |
The UN General Assembly voted overwhelmingly to adopt a resolution, calling for ending the economic, commercial and financial embargo imposed by the United States against Cuba.
Altogether 191 UN member states voted in favor of the resolution, while the United States and Israel voted against it.
It is the 24th time that the UN General Assembly has adopted such a resolution on this topic. What’s different this time around is the fact that Washington has restored diplomatic ties with Havana, the Cuban capital.
While welcoming the re-establishment of diplomatic relations between the governments of Cuba and the United States, the annual resolution initiated by Cuba once again stressed the necessity of ending the U.S. embargo on the island country.
Full diplomatic ties were restored between the two countries as an agreement to resume normal relations took effect on July 20, 2015.
Washington decreed the blockade against Havana officially on Feb. 3, 1962, following the intensification of the political differences that emerged with the fledgling socialist government led by Fidel Castro. | <urn:uuid:5bea9b59-a10d-44de-b18c-918207caed92> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://bestcurrentaffairs.com/un-resolution-to-end-embargo-against-cuba/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.965192 | 203 | 2.828125 | 3 |
Frida Kahlo, the renowned Mexican artist, is celebrated for her captivating self-portraits, which often depict her profound pain and intense emotions. While much is known about Kahlo’s tumultuous relationship with her husband, Diego Rivera, her family background and the influence of her siblings on her life and art remain intriguing aspects of her story. In this blog post, we delve into the lives of Frida Kahlo’s siblings, shedding light on their individual journeys and exploring the connections that shaped the iconic artist we admire today.
The Kahlo Family and Early Influences
Frida Kahlo was born on July 6, 1907, in Coyoacán, Mexico City, to Guillermo Kahlo and Matilde Calderón. She had four sisters and two brothers, making her the third of seven siblings. The siblings’ names were Matilde, Adriana, Cristina, Maria Luisa, Wilhelm (later known as Guillermo), and Antonio. Growing up in a household that valued art and intellectual pursuits, Frida’s siblings played a vital role in shaping her creative spirit.
Matilde Kahlo: An Intellectual Influence
Matilde, the eldest sister, had a profound impact on Frida’s worldview. A schoolteacher by profession, Matilde encouraged Frida’s thirst for knowledge and introduced her to books, poetry, and philosophy. Matilde’s intellectual guidance inspired Frida’s introspective nature and nurtured her intellectual curiosity. Matilde’s support laid the foundation for Frida’s exploration of art as a means of expression and self-discovery.
Cristina Kahlo: A Bond Strengthened Through Adversity
Cristina, Frida’s younger sister, played a significant role in her life. As children, they both contracted polio, leaving them with lifelong physical disabilities. The shared experience of illness created a deep bond between the sisters, and they became inseparable companions. Frida’s empathy and compassion, which are evident in her artwork, were deeply influenced by her relationship with Cristina.
Wilhelm and Antonio Kahlo: Brothers and Companions
Frida’s brothers, Wilhelm and Antonio, were essential figures in her life. Wilhelm, her elder brother, was an accomplished photographer and introduced Frida to the art of photography. He taught her techniques, exposed her to different styles, and encouraged her to experiment with her self-portraits. Antonio, the youngest of the siblings, provided emotional support and became a confidant for Frida during challenging times.
The Impact of Sibling Relationships on Frida’s Art
The deep connections Frida Kahlo shared with her siblings played a profound role in shaping her art. Through her paintings, she expressed her physical and emotional pain, drawing inspiration from her siblings’ experiences and struggles. Frida’s self-portraits often reflect themes of resilience, identity, and family ties. Her artwork serves as a testament to the profound influence her siblings had on her creative journey.
Exploring the lives of Frida Kahlo’s siblings provides valuable insights into the multifaceted artist we know today. Their intellectual guidance, emotional support, and shared experiences of adversity shaped Frida’s perspective on art and life. Each sibling contributed to her growth as an artist and provided a unique connection that influenced her self-expression. By understanding the significance of Frida’s siblings, we gain a deeper appreciation for the intricate layers of her art and the complexities of her personal life. The bond between the Kahlo siblings serves as a testament to the power of family and the enduring impact of these relationships on the lives of creative individuals. | <urn:uuid:754e9a3f-35d9-4e2f-8eae-37a088304656> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://bioqraphy.com/frida-kahlo-siblings/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.962203 | 767 | 3.234375 | 3 |
The Goshute Mountains are located in Nevada just a few miles from its eastern border with Utah. The eastern watershed is the Great Salt Lake Basin, which is so generally hostile to life that migrating birds avoid it. Instead, they take advantage of the nearly contiguous mountain chains of the western rim to create a major flyway leading south to Mexico. Food, cover, winds and thermals favorable for soaring attract thousands of raptors on their north-south journey. Hawkwatch International (HWI), a conservation organization dedicated to raptors, has established a research station atop the range at 8600’ (2620m) to conduct basic research. Using nets and captive birds as bait, they snare, then measure and band the birds before releasing them unharmed to continue their migration. Passing birds not attracted to the bait are also counted, leading to a long term data source on North American raptor populations. Annual counts are typically between 12,000 and 25,000 individuals of 18 migrating species. This is one of the highest concentrations of migrating raptors in the western United States.
Raptors either resident or migratory:
- Accipiters: Sharp-shinned Hawk, Cooper's Hawk, Northern Goshawk
- Buteos: Swainson's Hawk, Red-tailed Hawk, Ferruginous Hawk, Rough-legged Hawk, Northern Harrier, Broad-winged Hawk
- Falcons: Merlin, American Kestrel, Prairie Falcon, Peregrine Falcon
- Eagles: Bald Eagle, Golden Eagle
- Owls: Saw-whet Owl, Flammulated Owl
- Other: Osprey, Turkey Vulture
Passerines: Many high-desert species, including:
Clark's Nutcracker, Pinyon Jay, American Crow, Common Raven, Hairy Woodpecker, Downy Woodpecker, Red-naped Sapsucker, Pine Siskin, Yellow-rumped Warbler, Mourning Dove, Red-breasted Nuthatch, White-breasted Nuthatch, Pygmy Nuthatch, Northern Flicker, Scrub Jay, Dark-eyed Junco, Mountain Bluebird, Mountain Chickadee, Black-capped Chickadee, Townsend's Solitaire, American Robin, Sage Thrasher, and others.
The usual sage desert mammals, e.g., Coyote, American Badger, Kit Fox, Bobcat, Mule Deer, Pronghorn, Blacktail Jackrabbit, Desert Cottontail, Cliff Chipmunk, Striped Skunk, Desert Woodrat, Piute Ground Squirrel, Pinyon Deermouse, and others. Lizards and snakes will be found in warmer seasons.
History and Use
In 1983, Steve Hoffman theorized that the Goshute Mountains might provide a natural flyway for migrating raptors. Hiking to the top of one of the highest peaks, he discovered that his theory was correct, with hundreds of raptors passing by on a typical day during migration seasons. He and colleagues built the trail to the top and established the Hawkwatch International Organization as a platform for conducting research and championing conservation of raptor species. The Goshute Mountains site is one of 14 now monitored by HWI.
Areas of Interest
The trail to the research station begins on sagebrush-covered foothills, then passes through pinyon/juniper forest on the way to a rocky summit. Animals of the high-desert biome are found all along the trail. The main area of interest is at the top of the mountain, where there are excellent raptor observation points along a narrow ridge. Visitors are welcome, and may be able to participate in release of banded birds, subject to conditions and staff availability. The banding season extends from mid-August to early November.
Access and Facilities
Access is via a good paved highway then a rough dirt road appropriate for high-clearance vehicles only. Finally, a strenuous hike on a good trail leads to the summit. Ad hoc camping is possible at the end of the dirt road. Tents are maintained near the research station at the summit that can be reserved through (HWI), or one can backpack camping equipment to one of several good flat areas before the summit appropriate for low-impact camping. Please bring everything you need, including water and food, pack everything back out, and minimize your impact by not unduly disturbing the land or building fires. There is an outhouse.
- From the north (Interstate 80), turn south on Nevada Highway 93A at Wendover. Drive 24 miles to a cluster of buildings on the right, many abandoned, at a small pass. This is the Ferguson Springs highway maintenance station. (If using a GPS, this is at 40 deg., 25.084'N, 114 deg. 11.288W), Set odometer to 0.0. Turn right (west) and follow the dirt road for 1.8 miles to a "T". Keep right, continue to 3.1 miles (cumulative) where there is a left fork at the top of a small hill. Continue to 5.1 miles where there is an obvious parking lot and sign indicating the beginning of the trail. At each junction there is a sign depicting binoculars indicating the correct direction. The signs are riddled with bullet holes; the local intelligencia will shoot anything that moves, and if nothing is moving, a sign will suffice.
- From the south, Ferguson Springs is 84 miles on Nevada Highway 93A from the town of McGill. Continue as above on dirt road.
- The trail goes directly up the canyon behind the sign, then up a series of steep swithbacks that climb the slope to the left until finally arriving at the research station, situated just below the rocky ridge crest. Check in here with the staff; a visitor liaison person is usually on duty who will direct you the remaining short distance to the viewing area atop the ridge. Some area are off-limits to tourists, including the bird capture and banding areas. The trail covers 2.5 miles and 1800’ of altitude gain. It should be attempted only by those experience with strenuous hiking at altitude (almost 9000' at the summit). | <urn:uuid:1040672f-b610-450b-b34f-49b50afffa39> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://birdforum.net/opus/Goshute_Mountains | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.929508 | 1,283 | 3.25 | 3 |
Java substring allows programmers to extract parts of a string based on certain criteria, such as the placement of a specific word. This is an important tool for more experienced Java developers, as it can provide a more efficient way to access and manipulate data within a string. In this article, we’ll explain what a Java substring is, how to extract one, and provide some examples of using it. We’ll also discuss some tips and best practices for creating and using Java substrings, as well as some troubleshooting tips in case you have any issues.
What is a Java Substring?
A Java substring is a portion of the original string that is taken out based on the programmer’s criteria. For example, let’s say you have a string which contains the following sentence: “Hello there, my name is John”. You can use a substring to take out the first word, which would be “Hello”. Or you could use it to take out the words beginning with the letter “t”, which would be “there”.
To use an example in Java code, let’s assume the string above is assigned to a variable called “myString”. To create a substring from the string that contains just the word “Hello,” the code would read like this:
String mySubstring = myString.substring(0, 5);
This code extracts the first 5 characters from the original string (“Hello”), and assigns them to the variable “mySubString”. As you can see, Java substring takes two parameters – a starting index (the character from which you want to start extracting), and an ending index (the character at which you want to end extracting).
Substrings are a powerful tool for manipulating strings in Java, and can be used to create new strings from existing ones. For example, you could use a substring to take out the last word of a sentence, or to take out a specific word from a sentence. Substrings can also be used to compare two strings, or to search for a specific character or word within a string.
How to Extract a Java Substring
Extracting a Java substring is relatively simple. All you need to do is specify the starting and ending index values for the substring you want to extract from the original string. The syntax for this looks like this:
String mySubString = myString.substring(startIndex, endIndex);
where “myString” is the original string you want to extract from and “startIndex” and “endIndex” indicate where you want to start and stop extracting respectively. Remember that the end index value is exclusive – meaning that it will not include the last character specified. For example, if you specify “13” as your endIndex, only characters 0-12 will be included in the substring.
It is important to note that the startIndex value is inclusive, meaning that the character specified will be included in the substring. Additionally, if the startIndex value is greater than the endIndex value, the substring will be empty.
Examples of Java Substrings
Now let’s take a look at some examples of Java substrings. Consider the following string: “I enjoy playing soccer.” To extract the word “playing,” you could use the following code:
String mySubString = myString.substring(7, 14);
This code would extract characters 7 through 13 (the word “playing”) from the original string and assign it to the variable “mySubString.”Here’s another example. Let’s say you wanted to extract only words beginning with the letter “s” from the same string. You could use the following code:
String mySubString = myString.substring(14, 18);
This code would extract characters 14 through 17 (the word “soccer”) and assign it to the variable “mySubString.”
Substrings are a powerful tool for manipulating strings in Java. They can be used to extract specific words or characters from a string, or to create a new string from an existing one. Substrings can also be used to compare two strings to see if they are equal or not.
Benefits of Using Java Substrings
Using Java substrings provides a lot of benefits to programmers. These include:
- Efficiently manipulating strings without needing complex algorithms
- Organizing data more easily as only relevant parts of strings are accessed
- Ability to quickly update strings without having to rewrite large amounts of code
In addition, Java substrings can be used to quickly search for specific characters or words within a string. This can be especially useful when dealing with large amounts of data. Furthermore, Java substrings can be used to easily compare two strings to determine if they are equal or not.
Common Pitfalls of Using Java Substrings
Despite the many benefits of using Java substrings, there are some potential pitfalls to be aware of. These include:
- Making sure that your start and end index values are accurate so that you don’t miss or include parts of your substring accidentally.
- Making sure that your string is long enough that it contains enough characters between the start and end indices.
- Checking that your indices don’t go out of bounds, as this could lead to errors or unexpected results.
Another potential issue to be aware of is that the substring method is case-sensitive, so you need to be careful when using it with strings that contain upper and lower case characters. Additionally, it is important to remember that the substring method does not modify the original string, so if you want to make changes to the substring you will need to create a new string.
Best Practices for Creating Java Substrings
In order to ensure that you get the most out of using Java substrings, here are some best practices for creating them:
- Make sure that your start index is always less than your end index – otherwise you will get an error.
- Perform checks throughout your code to make sure that your indices are valid.
- Consider using .substring() methods instead of creating your own loop in order to improve readability and efficiency of your code.
- Experiment with different substring routines to determine which one works best for your situation.
Troubleshooting Tips for Java Substring Problems
If you run into problems while working with Java substrings, there are a few common troubleshooting steps you can take. These include:
- Checking that your start and end indices are within the bounds of the original string.
- Checking that your start index is less than your end index.
- Checking for any typos in your indices or other mistakes related to coding syntax.
- Checking if your string contains enough characters between the start and end indices.
Alternatives to Using Java Substrings
There are a few alternatives to using Java substrings. These include:
- .charAt(), which allows you to access a single character at a given index.
- .indexOf(), which lets you find the instance of a particular character or set of characters within a string.
- .toCharArray(), which converts the string into an array of characters.
Each of these alternatives has their own strengths and weaknesses and may work better than substrings depending on your use case. Ultimately, it’s up to you as the programmer to decide which approach is best for your particular situation. | <urn:uuid:69981b9c-9935-447f-9cee-dc506d308420> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://bito.ai/resources/java-substring-after-word-java-substring-explained/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.906832 | 1,579 | 4.09375 | 4 |
You’ve probably heard the saying, “just because it’s vegan, doesn’t mean it’s healthy.” There is a common misconception that vegan foods are automatically healthier than non-vegan alternatives. There is some truth to this, because the vegan diet does indeed improve nutritional status, promote gut health, reduce inflammation and improve overall wellness.
Of course, spinach, kale, and cucumbers are all great – they are very nutrient-dense and naturally low in calories and these are the foods people think of when considering vegan foods. However, high-calorie vegan foods do exist, and they go beyond sugar and oil. It’s important to make yourself aware of these foods, especially if you are on a weight loss diet or trying to bulk up/build muscle.
Even if you don’t fall into either of these categories, knowing what vegan foods are high in calories will help you plan your diet and choose your meals wisely, and will also increase your nutritional knowledge.
Are you trying to gain weight while following a vegan diet?
From the onset, it can seem impossible to gain weight while on a vegan diet. If you’re underweight or looking to bulk up on a vegan diet, it is important to emphasize certain foods. To gain weight, you need to eat more calories than you expend. A 500-calorie surplus per day is usually recommended to gain one pound per week. Along with increasing your calorie intake, you may also need to eat more frequently (5-6 times per day), and increase your fat and protein intake.
As with non-vegan foods, vegans looking to gain weight healthily should avoid eating highly processed and refined foods such as potato fries, fizzy drinks, sugar-sweetened juices and beverages, and baked goods, e.g., donuts and cookies. Eating junk foods to gain weight will result in excess belly fat and increase your risk of obesity along with its associated risk factors (diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease, and many others).
General weight gaining tips
- Track your calorie intake to ensure you are meeting your daily calorie goal.
- Don’t neglect to track your macros – yes, a calorie is a calorie, but the spread of calories will dictate how efficiently your body builds muscle.
- Be creative and consistent with your food options – choose foods that you enjoy and won’t bore you.
- Be mindful of portion size, serving size, include high protein foods and healthy fats.
- Be consistent with your training regimen and get good quality sleep every night.
- Avoid excessive cardio training to speed up your gains.
High calorie, nutrient-dense foods to add to your diet
Nuts are an excellent source of protein and contain healthy fats and calories. Nuts are also rich in antioxidants which help to prevent oxidative damage by neutralizing free radicals. They are very useful to support healthy weight gain when consumed in moderation.
Popular nuts that are rich in calories are almonds, cashews, walnuts, and pecans. For example, almonds contain roughly 884 calories per 100g, with one serving (24 almonds) containing 162 calories, 6g protein, and 14.2g fat. 35 pieces of cashews contain 245 calories. A 28g serving of walnuts contains 185 calories and over 4g of protein.
Nut butter, e.g., almond butter and peanut butter, are also very high in calories and are very versatile. You need to be mindful of the ingredients in the nut butter and choose a natural variety, where possible.
Avocados contain healthy fats and are high in calories. The most abundant healthy fat in an avocado is oleic acid, a monounsaturated fatty acid that helps to lower inflammation in the cardiovascular system. A type of cholesterol, called beta-sitosterol, is also present in avocados and helps to lower cholesterol levels. Vitamin C, B9, B5, and potassium are also abundant in avocados.
Known for its creamy texture and delicious flavor, one average avocado contains 322 calories, 13.5g fiber, 30g fat, and 4g protein.
Legumes such as black beans and chickpeas are an excellent source of protein, fiber, and calories. One cup of cooked black beans contains 227 calories, 15g fiber, and 15g protein. One cup of chickpeas beans contains 12.5g fiber, 4.2g fat, and 14.4g protein. Chickpeas are especially rich in choline, a nutrient that improves sleep, the contraction and relaxation of muscles, and cognition.
Lentils are another calorie-rich legume, containing 180 calories per ¼ cup uncooked. They are full of fiber and protein and are abundant in folate, iron, phosphorus, potassium.
4. Sweet potatoes
This carb-loaded vegetable is high in calories and rich in fiber, vitamins A, B, and C, minerals (potassium and manganese), and antioxidants. Sweet potatoes contain 180 calories and 6.5g of fiber per cup. One serving of sweet potato is enough to fulfill the daily requirements of vitamin A.
5. Brown rice
Brown rice is a high-calorie and carbohydrate-dense grain that can be eaten in many forms. It is popularly consumed by bodybuilders and gym-goers as it can help contribute to gradual weight gain.
One cooked cup of brown rice contains 216 calories, 5g protein, and 3.5g fiber. It is also rich in manganese, selenium, phosphorus, and niacin.
Quinoa is a pseudo-cereal with a delicious nutty flavor of which there are over 120 different types. The most commonly eaten types are red, white, and black quinoa. Quinoa is an excellent protein source, containing all nine essential amino acids. It is also abundant in fiber, B vitamins (except vitamin B12), magnesium, phosphorus, manganese, folate, and iron.
One cup of cooked quinoa contains 222 calories, 8g protein, and 5g fiber.
7. Olive oil
Often regarded as the healthiest oil, olive oil is high in monounsaturated fatty acids (oleic acid), which are healthy dietary fat. Per tablespoon (14g), olive oil contains 120 calories and 14g fat.
Olive oil is great for relieving exercise-induced inflammation, promoting good heart health, and improving the gut microbiota. It is also rich in antioxidants which help to fight oxidative stress. Be sure to choose extra virgin olive oil as opposed to the highly refined options.
8. Coconut oil
Coconut oil has gained popularity in recent years, due to its high component of medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) that can help to improve brain function. It is a solid fat and has no cholesterol or fiber, and some traces of vitamins and minerals.
One tablespoon contains 116 calories and 13.5g of fat.
Smoothies are a healthy way to increase calorie and nutrient intake while on a vegan diet. They can be used as a post-workout snack, or as a meal replacement while on the go.
Consider using ingredients such as vegan yogurt, fruit, greens & vegetables, nut milk, seeds, nut butter, avocados, coconut oil, vegan protein powder to increase the calorie content of smoothies.
10. Rolled oats
Another versatile food that is calorie-dense, 100g of oats contains 380 calories, 13.1g protein, and 6.5g fat.
Rolled oats are high in fiber, iron, vitamins, and other minerals. They contain avenanthramides, a type of polyphenol which helps to reduce inflammation and maintain blood pressure.
11. Dried fruit
Dried fruits such as raisins, dates, and prunes are high in sugar and calories. They are an excellent source of fiber, antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals. Raisins are tart, sweet, dried grapes that contain 120 calories per ¼ cup. Dates, a common sugar alternative, have about 100 calories per 5 dates. Prunes have 209 calories per half-cup (87g).
Dried fruits are said to contain 3-5 times more micronutrients than fresh fruit.
Tahini is a creamy paste made by toasting sesame seeds and blending with olive oil to make a smooth paste. It has a similar consistency to peanut butter. It is popularly consumed in Mediterranean and Middle Eastern diets. Tahini is rich in protein, fiber, healthy fats, and calories. One tablespoon (15g) contains around 89 calories, 2.5g of protein, 1.5g of fiber, and 8g of fat.
13. Chia seeds
There are 120 calories per 2 tablespoons of chia seeds. Aside from the calorie content, chia seeds are loaded with fiber, providing 9g fiber per 25g portion of seeds. This makes it highly beneficial for the digestive system, and also helps to increase satiety. They also contain the omega-3 fatty acid known as alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), which are known to offer anti-inflammatory effects. Chia seeds are also an excellent source of protein.
14. Sunflower seeds (without shells)
Sunflower seeds are high in calories, containing around 372 calories per half-cup. Sunflower seeds are particularly high in vitamin E and selenium, both of which are antioxidants that help to protect against oxidative damage and chronic diseases.
How to include high-calorie vegan foods in your diet
- Eat generous servings of brown rice, quinoa, wholewheat pasta at main meals.
- Snack frequently on nuts, smoothies, dried fruits, nut butter, and fresh fruit. For example, hummus on oatcakes; plant-based yogurt with fresh berries, seeds, and nuts.
- Cook your protein using healthy fats like extra virgin olive oil.
- Drizzle extra virgin olive oil on pasta and hummus.
- Add dried fruits and nuts to your breakfast porridge and smoothies.
- Eat pasta and rice dishes with vegetables sauteed in extra virgin olive oil. | <urn:uuid:3ac80a41-4c40-4abd-8091-f89463026739> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://blendofbites.com/high-calorie-vegan-foods/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.920764 | 2,115 | 2.8125 | 3 |
note: numerous members of the about.me community do extraordinary work & make the world a better place. If you know someone (or are someone!) with a story to share, please contact [email protected].
Siddharth Chatterjee is Chief Diplomat at the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies. His struggle to raise awareness about the lingering danger of polio is personal; Sid is a polio survivor with first hand knowledge of the disease.
The reduction in global polio cases is a great success, but polio infection remains at endemic levels in Afghanistan, Pakistan and Nigeria. African nations of Kenya and Somalia are home to a resurgence of the disease, pockets of infection can be found where vaccination is overlooked or inaccessible. Sid warns:
“We are at the last mile of getting rid of this deadly and crippling disease. Between Bill Gates, the US Government joined by others are making a huge difference. What is missing is advocacy and encouraging all governments and partners to come together around this common goal.”
Sid believes that by eradicating polio we are setting the stage for
eradicating other diseases and public health concerns. The overall success fighting polio is an example of how global awareness and aid make a massive impact on public health. Yet more work must be done to finish off the deadly disease.
“Collectively we can encourage positive change and impact global commons such as public health, critical for healthy nations and healthy children all over the world” Sid said in a message to about.me. Polio is preventable with vaccination, every single case is one too many.
The images atop this post shows the oral vaccine being administered in Kano, Nigeria. A single dose protects half of all recipients, and 3 doses ensures immunity in 95% of people (source).
top image courtesy of the Gates Foundation | <urn:uuid:6fae76d0-8035-4394-89d3-37adbc4cb5dd> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://blog.about.me/category/giving-back/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.916208 | 376 | 2.5625 | 3 |
Our emotional health is something we regularly need to take inventory of and make changes in our lives to improve. As we observe Emotional Wellness Month in October, we recognize that limb loss or limb difference is only part of your story. According to the National Institutes of Health (NIH) emotional wellness toolkit, there are six strategies we can implement that will promote greater emotional health as we navigate our individual challenges.
1. Build resilience – Resilient people have fewer negative emotions and are able to bounce back from difficulties faster. Do this: Develop healthy physical habits; take time for yourself each day; look at problems from different angles; practice gratitude; explore beliefs about the meaning and purpose of life; social connections and community
2. Reduce stress – Learning healthy ways to cope with stress can also boost resilience. Do this: Get enough sleep; exercise regularly; build social support network; set priorities; show compassion for yourself; schedule regular times for a relaxing activity that uses mindfulness/breathing exercises; talk to a mental health professional
3. Get quality sleep – Sleep affects both mental and physical health. Do this: Go to bed at the same time each night; wake up at the same time each morning; limit electronics before bed; relax before bed; avoid alcohol, large meals, and stimulants
4. Strengthen social connections – Social connections can influence biology and our well-being. Do this: If you’re a family caregiver, ask for help from others; join a hobby group; take a class; volunteer; get active; build strong relationships with your kids if applicable; travel
5. Cope with loss – Loss can take many forms and everyone’s grieving process is different. Do this: Take care of yourself; talk to friends; find a support group; Don’t make major changes right away; talk to your doctor; consider additional support; be patient
6. Be mindful – Becoming a more mindful person requires commitment and practice. Do this: Take some deep breaths; enjoy a stroll; practice mindful eating; be aware of your body; find mindfulness resources
Learn more from the National Institutes of Health emotional wellness toolkit and resources. We also encourage you to consider joining a support group, browse our mental health and wellness information, and explore the Mental Health tab on our Thrive blog. | <urn:uuid:ca116e08-5c4c-4a7f-bb2c-fdf595c52751> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://blog.amputee-coalition.org/education/try-these-6-strategies-to-improve-your-emotional-health/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.897922 | 477 | 3 | 3 |
Image credit: Jon Peddie Research
Possibly the most far-reaching and diversified industry there is.
SIGGRAPH’s 50th conference celebration highlights the captivating blend of art and science in computer graphics, revolutionizing technology interaction and perception. This field creates and manipulates visual images, powering video game landscapes, lifelike movie effects, and daily device interfaces. Mathematical algorithms and programming unlock the potential for constructing virtual worlds, showcasing the fusion of math and artistry. Advancements like ray tracing bring photorealism to real-time applications. Computer graphics proves versatile, impacting architecture, medicine, data visualization, and various domains. Its collaborative nature unites professionals from diverse fields, driving innovation. Computer graphics exemplifies creativity meeting technology, shaping how we engage with the digital world and permeating daily life.
Of the many delights and awareness that came out of SIGGRAPH this year, its 50th conference, was that computer graphics is truly a fascinating field that has revolutionized the way we interact with technology and perceive the world around us. When I think about computer graphics, I can’t help but marvel at the incredible blend of art and science that it represents.
At its core, computer graphics is all about creating and manipulating visual images using computers. It’s the magic behind those stunning video game landscapes, the lifelike effects in movies, and even the user interfaces we encounter daily on our devices. But it’s not just about making things look pretty; it’s about conveying information, telling stories, and enhancing our understanding of complex data.
One of the aspects of computer graphics that I find most intriguing is the power of mathematical algorithms and programming to create virtual worlds. From basic geometric shapes to intricate simulations of natural phenomena, everything can be constructed with the right equations and code. This intersection of math and artistry is where computer graphics truly shines — no pun intended.
As technology advances, so does the realm of computer graphics. The advent of ray tracing, for example, has brought us closer to photorealistic images in real-time applications. Just a few years ago, achieving such realism was a distant dream, and now it’s becoming a standard in the gaming industry. The continuous evolution of hardware, software, and rendering techniques ensures that the boundaries of what’s possible in computer graphics are constantly pushed.
Another aspect I admire is the versatility of computer graphics. It’s not just about creating imaginary worlds; it’s about enhancing our own. Architectural visualization allows us to explore unbuilt structures as if they were real. Medical imaging aids doctors in diagnosis and surgery planning. Data visualization makes complex information comprehensible at a glance. These applications show that computer graphics has a profound impact on many aspects of our lives — some might say all aspects.
Furthermore, the collaborative nature of computer graphics is striking. It brings together professionals from diverse fields, such as artists, programmers, engineers, farmers, artisans, craftsmen, and scientists of all disciplines. This interdisciplinary approach is what fuels innovation and leads to groundbreaking developments in the field.
In my view, computer graphics is a perfect example of human creativity meeting technological prowess while solving real-world problems and providing entertainment. It allows us to communicate, express, and understand the world in ways we couldn’t have imagined a few decades ago. It’s an exciting journey of pixels, polygons, shaders, and algorithms that continues to shape the future of how we interact with our digital environment.
The diversity of applications, people, geography, and political systems in computer graphics is astounding, delightful, and at the risk of being too enthusiastic, a model for all. It would be difficult to find anyone you know who hasn’t come into contact or interacted with computer graphics in their daily life. And if not directly, then secondarily — anyone who drives or rides in a car or uses any kitchen devices is seeing the results of computer graphics.
If you are reading this (and thank you), then you are most likely involved in and with computer graphics. If you’re an old-timer like me, you will remember in early days having to explain to your friends and family what CG was and then (even more difficult) what you did in it. Now, if someone asks, “What do you do?,” and you say, “I’m in computer graphics.” They say, “Oh.” And then they usually tell you about a friend or family member of theirs who does such and such or works for XYZ company. In our “Digital Content Creation Market” report, we identified over 300 companies that are making software tools used in content creation, with the top 100 serving over 60 million users.
The DCC software universe.
The graphic above is only part of the story — the software part. There is an equally large and diverse hardware segment to the computer graphics industry, but that’s a story for another time.
With billions of people taking photographs and video, enhancing and modifying them, then posting on public platforms like YouTube, TikTok, Instagram, Facebook, and a dozen or more other platforms, almost everyone is a content creator using digital content creation software tools.
Computer graphics has reached the masses, not just for consumption through movies, ads, and games, but through creation now, too. We are all computer graphics’ists.
This article was authored by Jon Peddie of Jon Peddie Research. | <urn:uuid:ae5eace0-15ad-439b-90c8-f584f27f885e> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://blog.siggraph.org/2023/10/the-amazing-world-of-computer-graphics.html/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.927349 | 1,137 | 2.765625 | 3 |
It is encouraging to see that we are working more towards green living and sustainability than ever. A young Swedish girl named Greta Thunberg has made headlines recently for her activism on climate change. There are a lot of things that we need to do to live up to our commitment of sustainability.
Unfortunately, there are so many things that we need to tackle to fight climate change. We need to make a lot of changes that are both big and small to save the environment. One change we need to make is shifting towards more environmentally friendly signs.
We spoke with some experts on designing eco-friendly signs. They shared some great feedback.
The Art of Making Eco-Friendly Signs
Signs simplify our daily routine. They help us find our way, direct the traffic, provide information and become better organized. In public buildings, they are used to indicate escape routes and lead the way to the emergency exists – thereby being valuable assistants to get out of danger. Even though we only rarely register them, these small little helpers are all around us and provide us with valuable information.
However, there is a dark side to signs. They leave a large carbon footprint if they aren’t designed with sustainability in mind. The good news is that more signs are being designed to be environmentally friendly.
There are a lot of benefits of using eco-friendly signs. Businesses can use eco-friendly signs to get help with getting LEED certification and other environmentally friendly awards.
Green signs are also popular in residential communities, which makes sense since 84% of homeowners prioritize green living. Green signs are most often used in homes for decoration purposes, but can also help to organise home and garden. Wonderfully designed signs in bright colors and attractive forms, e.g. individual name tags, room badges or decorative plates for the interior, doorbell panels and/or house number plates on the exterior of the building, may add that certain something to your flat.
What makes a green sign special?
You want to become the designer of your own eco-friendly sign? A sign that is environmentally friendly, unique and that belongs to you alone? To make it easier for you, we have gathered some interesting facts about design basics which might be a great help:
There exist four key materials for signs – wood, metal, various kinds of plastic and acrylic glass. Those who like it natural might opt for a wooden sign, those who need an unadorned nameplate for their office might prefer a metal sign. If the sign should be fixed outdoors, a sign of plastic is highly advisable. For young companies just moving into a new office building might opt for a company sign of acrylic glass. Wood is also best if you are looking for a sustainable option.
2. Styling Components
After having found the material or material combination you like best, it is advisable develop an integral concept, also deciding about the font type as well as its size and the colors. Now it becomes relevant to find the optimum space for every information – so that everything is readable at first glance. If a graphic or an image is to be used, find the right place to emphasize it. The selection fixing elements used completes the picture.
Apart from styling, you should always bear in mind, where the sign should be hung later – as it might have an influence on its production. An example: If you wish to create a sign that will later be fixed used outside, you should exclusively use weatherproof materials.
Designing table for quality signs
After the concept of your sign has finally become reality, visit the online design studio of Signomatic. There, you find umpteenth possibilities to transfer your ideas into practice or even improving your concept of your sign while entering the data.
When you have completed the design online, simply send it over! We produce it at the highest quality and within a short period of time so that you can rejoice in your new sign only a few days later.
Sustainable Sign Making is a New Trend
A lot of people are designing signs that are both sustainable and affordable. This is going to be more important as people look for more ways to ensure we live eco-friendly lifestyles. | <urn:uuid:f1264dfe-70c0-40bb-94a2-073fb45a092a> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://blueandgreentomorrow.com/features/3-experts-share-tips-on-creating-eco-friendly-signs/amp/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.950248 | 848 | 2.59375 | 3 |
As we become more aware of the impact of our fashion choices on the environment, sustainable fashion has become increasingly important. Sustainable fashion refers to clothing that is produced in a way that is environmentally and socially responsible. This includes using sustainable materials, reducing waste, minimizing carbon emissions, and ensuring fair labor practices. In this article, we’ll explore how to build a sustainable wardrobe and the benefits of recycling clothes.
Choosing Sustainable Materials:
One of the first steps to building a sustainable wardrobe is to choose clothes made from sustainable materials. Sustainable materials are eco-friendly, non-toxic, and biodegradable, meaning they have minimal impact on the environment. Here are some examples of sustainable materials to look out for:
Organic Cotton: Organic cotton is grown without the use of harmful pesticides or fertilizers, making it a more sustainable alternative to conventional cotton. However, its important to consider factors like where cotton is grown especially because it is a thirsty crop. For example, as an Australian ecologist, it is a pet hate of mine when brands tout that their products are Australian grown cotton or organic australian cotton. Australia is a drought ravaged country, it is our natural climate and cycle to have drought, making cotton farming a negative blight and drain on our precious resource of water that should be going to farmers and families – not cotton. Cotton is far more sustainable to be grown in parts of Asia where drought is not the norm and water and rain are reliable.
Hemp: Hemp is a durable and fast-growing crop that requires less water and pesticides than other crops. It’s also a renewable resource that can be used to make a range of products, including clothing, accessories, and even paper.
Tencel: Tencel is a sustainable fabric made from wood pulp that requires less water and energy to produce than cotton. It’s also biodegradable and has a low carbon footprint.
Recycled Polyester: Recycled polyester is made from post-consumer plastic bottles, reducing the amount of waste that ends up in landfills or the ocean.
By choosing clothes made from sustainable materials, you can reduce your impact on the environment and support ethical fashion practices.
The Importance of Recycling Clothes:
One of the best ways to be sustainable is to recycle clothes that already exist instead of contributing to the demand for new items. The fashion industry is a significant contributor to waste, with an estimated 92 million tons of textile waste generated annually. By recycling clothes, we can reduce the amount of waste that ends up in landfills and the impact of fashion on the environment.
There are many ways to recycle clothes, including donating them to charities or thrift stores, selling them online or at consignment stores, or upcycling them into new items. Upcycling involves taking old clothes and turning them into something new, such as turning a t-shirt into a tote bag or a pair of jeans into shorts.
By recycling clothes, we can reduce waste, save resources, and support a more sustainable fashion industry.
Supporting Ethical Production:
Another crucial aspect of sustainable fashion is supporting ethical production practices. Ethical production means ensuring fair labor practices, safe working conditions, and fair wages for workers. Here are some ways to support ethical production:
Research Brands: Do your research and choose brands that have transparent and ethical production processes.
Look for Certifications: Look for certifications such as Fair Trade, Global Organic Textile Standard (GOTS), and Bluesign that ensure ethical and sustainable production.
Buy Local: Buying clothes from local designers and manufacturers supports local businesses and reduces the carbon footprint of transportation.
By supporting ethical production, we can help ensure that the clothes we wear are produced in a way that is socially responsible and environmentally sustainable.
Building a sustainable wardrobe is essential for reducing the impact of fashion on the environment and supporting ethical fashion practices. By choosing sustainable materials, recycling clothes, and supporting ethical production, we can all make a positive difference. Remember, small changes can have a big impact, and every little bit counts when it comes to creating a more sustainable future.
Blue Bower Art is releasing a collection of upcycled clothing in April 2023. these pieces are rescued from a fate in landfill and instead given new life by being adorned with original botanical and wildlife art. Each piece is made with love, passion for our environment and is one-off unique piece of wearable art. You can sign up to the waiting list now here and gain exclusive first access to the collection when it launches. | <urn:uuid:4b5776c2-bbb4-462f-b962-f53c05cbe4dc> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://bluebowerart.com/sustainable-fashion-how-to-build-a-wardrobe-thats-good-for-the-planet/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.937051 | 938 | 3.390625 | 3 |
WE APPEAR TO BE JUST AS ENTHUSIASTIC ABOUT DEGENERATION AND DECLINE AS WE ARE ABOUT PROGRESS. Trees bursting through concrete abandoned mine shafts recovered by nesting birds, and desert ghost towns offer reminders of nature’s tenacity and persistence.
The following stunning abandoned locations were produced by removing from a world that was consumed by abundance. Because of the absence, regression, and return to nature, they are alluring. Whether it’s a railroad graveyard in Bolivia, a run-down German sanitarium, or an abandoned hamlet in Italy, it’s clear that a site doesn’t have to be populated to pique attention.
#1 South Fremantle Power Station is located in Fremantle, Western Australia
The South Fremantle Power Station, which opened in 1951 and served the city of Perth for 34 years, was a state-of-the-art construction. Under the ruins, there is said to be a network of tunnels that leads all the way to the seashore.
#2 Whittingham Asylum is located in the county of Lancashire, England
The Whittingham Asylum was previously the UK’s largest psychiatric hospital. It was created in1973 to treat people with mental illnesses, but it previously served as a hospital for soldiers throughout WWI and WWII. After complaints of patient mistreatment, the facility was ultimately shuttered in 1995.
#3 Kolmanskop is a town in Namibia
It generated 11.7 percent of all diamonds produced worldwide. The well of valuable stones dried up after years of continuous mining, and the residents all left. It is now a renowned tourist attraction and photographic location.
#4 California’s Slab City
A decommissioned US Marine Corps facility in California’s Colorado Desert has been taken over by squatters. Squatters, snowbirds, drifters, and homeless individuals live in Slab City. There is no power, running water, or sewerage on the property, and there are no taxes.
#5 Bannerman Castle is located on Pollepel Island in the state of New York
Bannerman Castle is a 20th-century reproduction of a Scottish castle created by Scotsman Frank Bannerman. The castle was destroyed by fire in 1969, many years after his death. The Bannerman Castle Trust, Inc. now manages the island and its structures.
#6 The Tillamook Rock Lighthouse is located on the Oregon coast
In 1957, the Tillamook Rock Lighthouse was turned off. It is presently privately owned and served as a burial ground for the deceased. The lighthouse, which is part of the Oregon Islands National Wildlife Refuge, is on the National Register of Historic Places.
#7 Craco is a town in Italy
The town of Craco was founded around 1000 AD, but it was abandoned in 1991. The village has grown in popularity as a tourist destination and even a filmmaking site. In 2010, it was listed as one of the top ten most threatened sites by the World Monuments Fund.
#8 Seattle Underground is a subway system in Seattle, Washington
The Great Seattle Fire of 1889 burned thirty-one blocks of Seattle. The city was rebuilt from stone and brick a few feet above ground level, leaving an underground network of wrecked shops, streets, and passageways. To properly understand the city’s bones, a tour of the Seattle underground is required.
#9 New Orleans, Louisiana’s Six Flags New Orleans
When Hurricane Katrina slammed New Orleans, it flooded 80% of the city. Visiting the park grounds is presently prohibited.
#10 Abu Dhabi’s Al Madam
Al Madam is a deserted settlement around an hour’s drive from Dubai. The settlement was established for the Bedouin people in the 1970s and then abandoned shortly after. It consists of only two rows of dwellings, a mosque, and a few dilapidated structures.
#11 Homebush Bay’s Floating Forest, Sydney, Australia
In Homebush Bay, the Floating Forest is a decommissioned ship. This rusting old boat is now adorned with mangrove plants. The steam collier was built in the United Kingdom in 1911 and transported supplies to US troops stationed in the Pacific during WWII.
#12 Mexico’s San Juan Parangaricutiro
In 1943, the Paricutin volcano erupted, destroying the two communities that nestled in its shadow. Everything was destroyed by the lava save the top half of the San Juan Parangaricutiro church, which is currently the only survivor of the nine-year-long eruption. The first 30 feet of the church were covered by lava flows, but the rest of the structure — including the spectacular bell tower — is still standing.
#13 Sakhalin Island, Russia’s Aniva Rock Lighthouse
Aniva Lighthouse was built by the Japanese in 1939 and abandoned in 2006. The Russian part of Sakhalin Island, off the coast of Russia, was annexed by the Russians after World War II. In the1990s, it was rendered self-sufficient (no need for keepers) and thereafter completely abandoned.
#14 Teufelsberg is a neighborhood of Berlin, Germany
In Berlin, Germany, an old US listening station rests on a heap of wreckage. Although the previous station is no longer in service, it is available to the public for visits. A 90-minute guided history tour, as well as a flashlight stroll into the forests below, are now available.
#15 Uyuni, Bolivia, Train Cemetery
The railway cemetery is littered with ancient trains that have succumbed to the ravages of time. There was a proposal to build a huge railway network out of Uyuni in the late 19th century/early20th century. The plan was shelved, leaving over 100 trains to rust and fade into obscurity.
#16 Sorrento, Italy’s Valley of Mills
The Valley of Mills is a collection of 13th-century stone flour mills, sawmills, and a washhouse. In the 1940s, the mills were shuttered and abandoned. The historic structures have now been covered by greenery, creating a breathtaking scene.
#17 Huesca, Spain’s Canfranc International Railway Station
Canfranc train station, which was opened in 1928, was a key international transportation center. During WWII, the station played an important role on the French-Spanish border. Services ended in 1970, and the station has been idle since then. It has recently received funds for upgrades.
#18 Bosnia and Herzegovina’s Olympic Luge Track is located in Sarajevo
During the Bosnian conflict in the 1990s, the Olympic Bobsleigh Track in Sarajevo was devastated. The track is now receiving improvements in order to reopen. The biathlon and cross-country sports are held here, and it was the glory of the 1984 Winter Olympics. | <urn:uuid:c2e4a3e0-11cc-4c38-9987-75ceb96b8111> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://bluekingo.com/around-the-worlds-abandoned-places/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.970981 | 1,448 | 2.5625 | 3 |
BMP Field Day
BMP Field Day is a day-long event at CFAES Wooster to increase awareness of Phosphorus-use efficiency.While the event itself has already finished, the recordings and presentations are available for anyone to watch.This Field Day was eligible for 4.5 CLM and 5.5 CCA credits
BMP Field Day is an event focused on issues pertaining to Phosphorus usage and impacts on the environment. The major goal of the field day is to engage stakeholders about BMPs to enhance Phosphorus-use efficiency and decrease fertilizer runoff.This event is divided into two major parts.
Part 1: Experts will give presentations covering a variety of topics related to Phosphorus and how it relates to soil, water, crop health, and the economy
Part 2: A poster and demo symposium to showcase research and strategies to save money on fertilizer and to protect the environment. This will include small-scale and large-scale demonstrations.
BMP Field Day Schedule
|8:00 am||Sign In||--||Attendees receive event information. Coffee & light snacks provided|
|8:30||Event Opening||Dr. Catherine Freed||Introduce the Field Day and the importance of Phosphorus|
|8:45||Topic 1: Agronomy||Greg LaBarge||Row crop Phosphorus management|
|9:35||Topic 2: Soil||Juan Pillajo||Identification of Phosphorus Solubilizing Bacteria Associated with Floriculture Crops|
|10:25||Topic 3: Water||Paige Garrabrant||The Impacts of Phosphorus on Water Quality|
|11:00||Topic 3: Water||Matthew Romanko||Using Agricultural Conservation Planning Framework (ACPF) for conservation planning|
|11:40-1:00||Lunch Session||--||Lunch provided for all registered attendees. This session will include an interactive survey and our featured|
|12:10||Lunch Topic: Fertilizer costs & P economy||Dr. Barry Ward||Economic View from the Farm Gate|
|1:00||Topic 4: Phosphorus Remediation||Dr. Jim Owen & Dr. James Altland||Phosphorus Fate and Retention in Greenhouse & Nursery Substrates|
|1:45-3:45||Poster & Demo Symposium||--||This symposium has two major components: poster symposium with small-scale demonstrations (on-site at the Welcome center) and a large-scale demonstration site (Apple Creek). Graduate students, postdoctoral associates, extension agents, and more will present their research as posters or physical small-scale demonstrations. Attendees will also be transported by a bus to view two large-scale BMPS: the Sediment Capture and Reuse field site demonstration led by Dr. Jon Witter and Dr. Ryan Haden and the Smart Drainage Field demonstration led by Dr. Hemendra Kumar.|
Secrest Welcome Center
2122 Williams Rd, Wooster, OH 44691
Parking available in lot behind the buildingTime
March 29th, 2023
8:30 am - 4:00 pm
Registration starts at 8:00am
Who are we?
This event is organized and planned by Dr. Catherine Freed in collaboration with Brian Gwin, Dr. Jim Owen, and the OSU Extension Water Quality Team.BMP is sponsored by the USDA NIFA and is co-hosted by Virginia Tech and the Ohio State University.
How to contact us
If you have any questions about BMP Field Day, please contact Dr. Catherine Freed at [email protected] | <urn:uuid:0e8a1aad-b8c8-4021-adee-9d1b9bf50712> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://bmpfieldday.carrd.co/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.848154 | 765 | 2.578125 | 3 |
Mental health has become an important topic of conversation in both the workforce and education. Mental and behavioral health professionals are needed now more than ever, especially since the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic.
In fact, according to a survey conducted by Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, 71 percent of parents point to the pandemic as a catalyst for their child’s weakening mental health. This trend is projected to continue as these children complete their education in the coming decades.
The field of school psychology addresses these challenges and focuses on students’ personal and educational success. Ranked fifth in the U.S. World News’ Best Social Services Jobs Report, school psychology is an ideal and incredibly rewarding career path for those who want to make a difference in the lives of young people daily.
Not all mental health professionals are equipped for the specific needs that school psychology fulfills. Therefore, it’s important to understand what a school psychologist does, the benefits of the role, and skill requirements to keep in mind if you’re considering pursuing this career.
What Is a School Psychologist?
A school psychologist works with students, teachers, and parents to support the academic and mental well-being of their school’s student body. They are experts in mental health, as well as human behavior and development, who help students improve academic performance, boost social skills, and resolve behavioral issues that stem from declining emotional and mental health.
Unlike school counselors, whose duties include individual counseling sessions and generalized academic advising, school psychologists work closely with both students and teachers facing specific mental health and academic success issues. Their involvement in developing strategies to aid both children and adults in those students’ lives is particular to the school psychology field.
Ready to Make a Difference?
Download our free School Psychology Career Guide to learn how.
For school psychologists, no two days are alike, but you can expect to perform some of the following activities:
- Psychological evaluations
- Teach social and behavioral skills
- Act as a liaison to the school community
- Train staff in comprehension and response to behavioral issues in the classroom
To become a certified school psychologist, you’ll need to earn a graduate degree and licensure to practice in the state you wish to work. While these requirements may be discouraging to some, there are several reasons why this is a rewarding investment.
7 Benefits of a Career in School Psychology
While becoming a school psychologist can be difficult, there are many benefits to pursuing a career in this industry.
1. Earning a Good Salary
Like many careers, there’s a wide range of salaries depending on both the state and region you work in. The good news is that starting salaries for most school psychologist positions tend to be much higher than other mental health roles. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, you can expect an average salary of approximately $79,820 annually.
2. Increasing Job Growth
Mental health has become an important discussion point within society, especially in schools. Thanks to an increased awareness of mental health and a growing national shortage of behavioral support in schools, the demand for school psychologists is higher than ever.
Because of this, many prospective graduates can expect to be hired almost immediately after graduation. Even more reassuring is the expected job growth in coming years, which is expected to increase by 10 percent in the next decade.
3. Convenient Schedule Flexibility
Because school psychologists work closely with students, your work calendar will likely follow the schedule of the school at which you work. So beyond additional meetings, assessments, and counseling sessions, your day will likely conclude around 3-4 pm.
4. Enjoying Summer Breaks/Holidays
Perhaps one of the best perks to working in education is that you’ll get to enjoy holiday breaks and summers without taking vacation time. This is more time off than most other careers can offer.
If you’re a parent, this is ideal since your time off should align with your children’s school breaks. There may be some exceptions depending on additional meetings or school prep, but you’ll often have the ability to adapt your work schedule accordingly.
5. Making a Positive Impact
Being a school psychologist is no easy feat, but the positive impact you can have on students’ lives is incredibly fulfilling. You’ll work closely with students, parents, and teachers to drastically improve young people’s mental health in education and witness the positive results first-hand.
6. Working on a Team
As a school psychologist, you won’t work alone. You’ll get to work directly with the student body while also collaborating with teachers and school counselors in order to properly support the community and ensure students reach their full potential.
7. Building Relationships with Kids and Their Families
The relationships you build with students and their families are often life-changing and could potentially last a lifetime as your students grow and develop. Young people look up to their teachers and support staff as mentors throughout their education, so it’s no surprise that these relationships can continue for decades.
In some cases, you may even have the opportunity to work with younger siblings of past students years later. Not all career paths empower you to build meaningful bonds within the community you serve, but school psychologists often reap the benefits of their hard work in this regard.
Things to Consider If You Want to Be a School Psychologist
While working in school psychology can be extremely rewarding, there are certain characteristics of this field to keep in mind as you decide whether it’s the right career path for you. Ask yourself the following questions to see if you have the right skills to become a school psychologist.
1. Are you professionally flexible?
Adaptability is a crucial element of this career. School psychologists almost never experience the same day twice since students’ needs often differ daily. This unpredictability has its challenges, but it also means you won’t get bored.
2. Do you like working on a team?
One of the perks of a career in school psychology is its collaborative nature. You’ll have the chance to work with teachers, students, administrators, and parents alike to best support students. Successful members of any team need excellent listening skills, the ability to communicate with others effectively, and a natural tendency to collaborate with others. If you hope to succeed in school psychology, you’ll need to be a team player.
3. Do you have strong planning and organizational skills?
From student progress reports, intervention plans, workshops, emergency counseling sessions, and more, school psychologists must keep track of considerable people, records, and work. Staying organized and being proactive is essential to a school psychologist’s day-to-day responsibilities. This skill set will enable you to respond quickly and efficiently to your school’s constantly evolving needs.
4. Can you be fully committed to your students?
Like all professionals working in education, school psychologists must be committed to the well-being of their students. This is done by providing proper attention and care to those who need assistance thriving in their academic environment.
The Right Career Path For You
Working as a school psychologist is a great career choice, but you’ll need strong organizational, collaborative, and leadership skills to succeed and stand out among the competition. If these closely align with your skillset and professional interests, perhaps school psychology is the right path for you.
Those who choose school psychology can earn a comfortable salary and benefits, have significant career growth, and, ultimately, make a true impact on their community and the people they serve.
Ready to start your journey to become a school psychologist? Check out Northeastern University’s MS/CAGS in School Psychology and start making an impact in your community. | <urn:uuid:d4802408-5769-4f7b-a43f-90c157d8b133> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://bouve.northeastern.edu/news/is-school-psychology-a-good-career-path/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.963805 | 1,605 | 3.109375 | 3 |
Out of all the states of matter, the gaseous state is considered one of the simplest. A slight increase in the physical conditions of temperature or pressure can be easily observed. The study of a gas has had profound impacts on the development of various theories in nature. Let us see!
What are Gaseous Substances?
A look at the periodic table shows us that there are 11 elements in the table that exist in the gaseous state at room temperature. These elements are Hydrogen, Helium, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Fluorine, Chlorine, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon, and Radon.
The gaseous state is the easiest to study. Any change in temperature results in evident changes in other quantities like volume and pressure. The properties can be explained easily on the basis of the Kinetic theory of gases. Therefore these facts make gases the easiest state to study. Let us see what else makes gases so special!
Gases are highly compressible. As the molecules in gaseous elements are scattered at a large distance as compared to the other two states (solid and liquid), these are highly compressible. The large intermolecular distance in the gaseous state decreases with increasing pressure. Therefore this not only decreases their volume but also brings the molecules closer to each other, thus reducing the gaps between them and making gases highly compressible.
When compared to liquids and solids gases show very low density. As the intermolecular forces between the molecules are negligible, this state poses a very low density. But the density increases with decreasing temperature and increasing pressure.
Equal Pressure in All Directions
Have you ever seen colours fly in the air! The molecules in a gaseous element show similar behaviour. The molecules in a gaseous element scatter by forces in all direction due to the negligible force of attraction between them. Therefore the molecules exert pressure in all directions.
The shape of LPG is like the shape of the gas tank that stores it! Gases have no shape of their own. They take the shape of the container. The molecules in gaseous elements exert pressure on the walls of the container and take the shape of the container in which contains this gas.
Volume of the Container
Measuring the volume of a gas means measuring the volume of the container. Their volume is the volume of the container. Since gas scatters as soon as left loose, measuring the volume is impossible.
They mix evenly without the help of any mechanical change. The gaseous elements are more susceptible to reactions and admixtures. The huge gap between molecules gives the molecules of other elements an ease to mix with each other. This property of gases makes them highly reactive chemical elements.
The intermolecular force between molecules of gaseous elements is negligible. Hence these forces between the molecules in gas makes it the most compressible state of matter. The various characteristics associated with a gas also depend on the physical conditions faced by that gas. Hence in physical conditions like temperature, pressure or density may have a contradicting effect on a gases behaviour. At unchanged conditions, a gas follows an Ideal behaviour but as the conditions start changing, gases deviate from their due behaviour. | <urn:uuid:cc23d887-b237-465e-a309-9e2abadb4029> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://breldigital.com/gases-at-room-temperature/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.927607 | 660 | 4.03125 | 4 |
SQL injection (SQLi) is a cyberattack that targets databases and applications using Structured Query Language (SQL). It is one of the most dangerous threats to any website or application, as it can result in data theft, website defacement, privilege escalation, and even complete system compromise.
In this ultimate guide to understanding and preventing SQLi attacks, we’ll explore the anatomy of an SQLi attack, discuss the tactics and techniques used by attackers, and provide guidance on protecting your website or application from malicious attempts.
We’ll also look at crucial prevention strategies and best practices you can use to secure your website or application against SQLi attacks.
What Is A SQL Injection Attack, And Why Is It Used?
SQL injection exploits flaws in a website or computer program, typically via a data entry form. For example, hackers enter SQL instructions into login and search boxes and sign-up forms. The goal is to employ sophisticated code sequences to obtain access to a system and divulge the data stored therein.
If your website has obsolete or ineffective security measures, a hacker may be able to get access by confounding the system. It allows cybercriminals to either steal or mold the data in detrimental ways to your organization. In addition, hackers can infect your whole network in some circumstances.
A successful SQL injection attack may result in the duplication, alteration, or destruction of data sets, all of which need time and money to rectify. In addition, data damage can sometimes be irreversible.
SQL injection attacks are frequently motivated by financial gain. For example, hackers may sell sensitive data on the dark web, or hostile groups may try to gain an edge by undermining your firm.
Even though the onset of online websites has several advantages, there are many disadvantages too. For example, online websites such as Parimatch allow us to place bets on our favorite sports, such as cricket and kabaddi.
Examples of a SQL Injection Attack
Several SQL injection issues, attacks, and strategies can occur in several settings. Examples of typical SQL injection include:
- Retrieving Hidden data: You may change a SQL query to retrieve more results.
- Subverting application logic: Changing a query to interfere with the application’s logic.
- UNION attacks: It allows you to obtain data from several database tables.
- Inspecting the database: where you may obtain data about the database’s version and structure.
- Blind SQL injection: It occurs when the outcomes of a request you manage are not delivered in the application’s answers.
Types Of SQL Injection
An SQL injection attack might take several forms. However, the following are the main types to be aware of:
- In-band SQL injection: It is the most basic and prevalent type of SQL injection attack. Hackers use error messages to acquire information for query formulation. The hacker can initiate the attack and collect the results using the same communication channel.
- Error-based SQL injection: This technique leverages error messages to gather details about the database’s layout. It is critical to keep error messages general, as they might provide hackers with too much information, such as table names and content.
- Blind SQL injection: It entails the hacker being uninformed of whether or not the online application or page is susceptible. Because no error warnings are displayed, the hacker enters ‘blind’ and must search for other minor indicators in behavior to uncover routes for the attack. HTTP replies, blank web pages, and response time are all included.
- Out-of-band SQL injection: This approach is slightly more sophisticated and is typically used when a hacker cannot access a database using a single query-based assault. Instead, the hacker will construct SQL queries that cause the database system to open a link to an external server controlled by the attacker. They may acquire access to the data from here.
How to Protect Your Website or Application from SQLi Attacks
With an understanding of the threat landscape, you can now focus on protecting your website or application from SQLi attacks.
Risk assessment is a crucial part of this process, which assesses the likelihood and impact of a cyber-attack. You can use this risk assessment to determine the priority of your security controls and identify the ones that need immediate attention.
With this in place, you can implement best practices to secure your website or application against SQLi attacks. Let’s look at some key steps you can take to safeguard your website or application against SQLi attacks.
- Awareness And Prevention Training
Your web application development team should know the hazards of SQL injection. Provide training to keep your team members updated on how to avoid these vulnerabilities and how to avoid them in the future.
- Clean Up User Input
Consider all user input to be untrustworthy. Treat information from authorized and internal users similarly to public input. Modifications to input values can readily cause a SQL injection.
- Use Allowlists rather than Blocklists
Do not use blocklists to filter user input. If feasible, only use stringent allowlists to check and filter user input. Allowlists are an excellent technique to guard against a significant SQL injection.
- Use Reliable Technology
Don’t create SQL injection vulnerability prevention from the ground up. Most current programming technologies have techniques to defend against SQL injection flaws. For example, use parameterized queries or stored procedures.
- Scan Frequently
SQL Injection flaws can be introduced by your developers or third-party libraries/modules/software. Scan your codebase regularly to find issues before they become severe problems.
SQLi attacks are one of the most dangerous threats to any website or application that uses SQL. However, by understanding the anatomy of an SQLi attack and the techniques used to carry out such an attack, you can better protect your website or application against such attacks.
For a digital experience that is safe, secure, and user-friendly, you need to be prepared for all kinds of cyber attacks. This guide will better equip you to defend your website or application against SQLi attacks. | <urn:uuid:a381064e-51fc-4d6d-8a1c-6cda61dc706d> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://buildbench.net/the-ultimate-guide-to-understanding-and-preventing-sql-injection-sqli-attacks/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.891575 | 1,243 | 3.296875 | 3 |
Bookkeeping and accounting.
What is bookkeeping?
Bookkeeping is the process of recording all financial transactions made by a business. Bookkeepers are responsible for recording, classifying, and organizing every financial transaction made through the course of business operations. It’s important to know that bookkeeping differs from accounting.
What is accounting?
The accounting process uses the records (books) kept by the bookkeeper to prepare the end of the year accounting statements and accounts.
Download our Financial Fundamentals Guides and learn the basics of financial management for your business, including how to calculate your breakeven point, understand basic financial terms, and choose the right accounting software for your business. | <urn:uuid:d5c23c39-c8b2-4d78-b542-2a590ad74c8a> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://businesslink.ca/resources/business-fundamentals/accounting-bookkeeping-taxes/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.956065 | 140 | 3.109375 | 3 |
At Camas Ridge Community School, Project Based Learning is a student centered teaching method in which students gain knowledge and skills by working for an extended period of time to explore and respond to an engaging and complex question, problem, or challenge with real world connections.
Project Based Learning is a method of teaching that utilizes a hands-on approach to education. It allows kids to learn in all styles by encouraging use of higher order thinking skills: questioning, researching, creative problem solving, goal setting, organization, and time management. It is an opportunity for your child to learn responsibility, inquiry, research, presentation, and self-monitoring. It teaches your child how to apply their academic skills to accomplish a goal in learning.
Project Based Learning shifts students away from classroom practices of short, isolated, teacher-centered lessons and instead emphasizes learning activities that are long-term (quarterly), interdisciplinary, student centered, and integrated with real world issues and practices.
While working on projects, students are using the academic skills taught to them during the traditional part of school. They may be researching in books or on the internet, they may be planning an interview with an expert, taking notes, collaborating with another student, making a visual aid, constructing something, or writing a report.
During Project Based Learning, students are working individually or in groups to answer a ‘driving question’. They utilize research, communication, and academic skills to create a way to answer the question and predict what they learned to an audience (classmates, parents, or community).
Most importantly, in Project Based Learning students take ownership of their education which instills pride and builds self-esteem and confidence.
How Parents Can Help
Helping with projects requires asking questions that require your child to think. Your child may get frustrated and want you to just give them the answer, but don’t…use questions to guide them to answers. This is when they are using higher order thinking skills. And even if you like your ideas better, keep it to yourself and let your child pursue their own ideas.
- Why do you think you want to learn about ___?
- Who would know a lot about _______?
- How could you make that more interesting (better, more exciting, etc)?
- Why do you think that is important?
- What do you think is causing that problem?
- What are some solutions?
- Do you think that is the BEST solution?
- How can you add art (math, dance, music, science, etc) to make this more interesting?
The idea is to MENTOR your child, guide them, not do it for them. This is easier said than done, because we all want our children to present their best. Be realistic, sometimes kids just don’t give their best. It is a PROCESS in learning to value quality work, not just a quality end product. | <urn:uuid:88856107-28ae-4373-8721-920c13577fb6> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://camasridge.4j.lane.edu/project-based-learning/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.957908 | 596 | 4.28125 | 4 |
What you need:
Empty effervescent tablet tube
How the experiment works:
( Caution: The experiment is best carried out outside. If you do so, you won't need a glass)
1. Fill the empty container with some water (approx. 2 cm high).
2. Add an effervescent tablet and close the container quickly with the cap.
3. Shake the container (not too long!).
4. Place the container upside down (the cap is down) inside the glass and quickly take a few steps back.
What did you observe?
As soon as the water and the effervescent tablet are combined, carbon dioxide is produced. At some point, there is so much gas inside the container that the lid cannot withstand the pressure, causing the container to fly up into the air. | <urn:uuid:39e98c86-b920-4e8c-9f88-0f1c977e6a6e> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://careers.evonik.com/en/careernews/discover-the-world-of-science-with-evonik-rocket-166424.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.892276 | 170 | 3.28125 | 3 |
People struggling with substance use disorder are at an increased risk of developing one or more chronic diseases or mental illnesses. The co-existence of substance use disorder and other mental illnesses is usually referred to as co-occurring disorders and is common among patients receiving medication-assisted treatment (MAT).
According to a 2018 survey conducted by SAMHSA, approximately 9.2 million people in the United States have co-occurring disorders. The increased number of people struggling with the co-occurring disorder can be attributed to the increasing number of opioid misuse disorder victims seeking MAT to overcome their addiction.
This blog post discusses everything you need to know about comorbidity, including some of the common risk factors and how to treat comorbid disorders (co-occurring disorders).
The term comorbidity is used to describe two or more illnesses or disorders occurring in the same person. They can either occur at the same time or in quick succession (one after the other). The term can also imply correlations between two different illnesses that can easily worsen the course of both.
Contrary to popular belief, comorbid substance abuse isn’t limited to mental health conditions alone. It can also involve HIV infections and viral hepatitis due to needle sharing and such stuff. However, the associations tend to be more rampant in the realm of mental health.
Although drug abuse disorder and mental illness often co-occur, it doesn’t mean that one causes the other. But some mental health illnesses may force an individual to self-medicate, pushing them to drug dependence.
For instance, someone struggling with comorbid depression or anxiety might turn to opioids and alcohol to ease the negative feelings they are experiencing.
While opioids and alcohol may offer a short-term solution, the person will slowly drift to opioid dependence and alcohol abuse. The aftereffect will be an even greater drug dependence problem.
Who Can Be Affected By Comorbidity?
As sensitive as this topic may be, the truth is that many people out there are struggling with comorbidity. Approximately 38% of people with a drug abuse problem also have a co-occurring mental illness, while at least 18% of those with mental illnesses battle drug addiction.
When we talk about co-occurring disorders, we should remember that we are not just talking about extreme cases. A substance misuse disorder can be anything from alcoholism to severe opioid abuse.
Mental illness can include anything from mild Schizophrenia to the more serious ADHD and social anxiety. People diagnosed with severe drug abuse disorder are more likely to suffer from anxiety and mood disorders at some point in their lives.
Comorbidity can affect anyone regardless of their gender, age, upbringing, background, or behavior. In fact, most people tend to start abusing drugs during their teenage years when their brain is still developing.
The NIH reports that early drug abuse, especially among teenagers, can be a significant risk factor for later substance abuse and the occurrence of mental illnesses.
Also, developing a mental problem in childhood can increase one’s risk of developing drug dependence later in life. And it is not just drug abuse and mental illnesses that can lead to comorbidity. Other casual factors must also be observed keenly because they can trigger the condition.
These factors include underlying brain deficits, early exposure to trauma/stress, and a wide range of genetic vulnerabilities.
What Are the Risk Factors for Comorbid Disorders?
Although the direct cause of comorbidity is still unknown, certain factors can increase the likelihood of co-occurrence. A wide range of environmental influencers such as stress or trauma can increase one’s risk of developing mental and substance abuse disorders.
Research also shows that genetic factors can play a significant role in comorbidity, particularly in pushing one to start using addictive drug substances that can later lead to drug abuse disorder.
Some researchers believe that substance abuse is moderate to highly heritable depending on the degree of genetic relationship one has with their loved one who has fallen to drug abuse.
Age is another critical risk factor in comorbidity. For instance, teenagers are more prone to highly impulsive and risk-taking behaviors, making them more prone to comorbidity.
Lastly, drug addiction in itself is a big risk factor for comorbidity since it is a chronic mental illness. Drug substances tend to alter critical parts of your brain that are necessary for life-sustaining functions, such as the ability to make logical decisions.
How Is Comorbidity Diagnosed and Treated?
The relatively high rate of comorbidity between mental illness and substance abuse disorder calls for a comprehensive approach to identify, evaluate, and treat both conditions. Anyone seeking help for one of the two must be evaluated for both, and the appropriate treatment administered.
Several behavioral therapies have shown promising signs when it comes to managing comorbidity. These therapies can be tailored to patients based on their gender, age, specific drug substance abuse, and a wide range of other factors.
They can be used either as a standalone medication or in combination with other forms of medications. Some of the most common therapies used to manage comorbidity include:
- Assertive community treatment (ACT): This one emphasizes outreach to the community and a highly individualized approach to treating comorbidity.
- Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT): The primary purpose of CBT is to help change the behaviors and beliefs of the patient.
- Contingency management therapy (CMT): CMT gives rewards and other incentives to patients who practice healthy behaviors, such as attending all of their therapy sessions.
- Therapeutic communities (TC): This is a common form of long-term residential treatment that mainly focuses on re-socializing the person and making them feel part of the community again.
- Dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT): This form of therapy is mainly designed to reduce self-harm behaviors, including suicide thoughts, attempts, or urges common among drug abuse victims.
While there are many highly effective medications for treating opioid misuse disorder, nicotine, and alcohol addiction, many have not been tested among comorbid populations; hence their efficacy is still unknown.
Scientists believe that some substance abuse disorder medications may be effective in combating comorbidity, but research still needs to be done to better understand how that can be possible.
Start Your Recovery from Substance Abuse Disorder Today!
Comorbidity disorder involving substance abuse and mental illness can affect anyone regardless of their age, gender, or the drug substance they are abusing.
While comorbidity conditions are often recurrent, they are highly manageable with the right combination of psychological, medical, and psychiatric interventions.
At CCIWA, we provide a safe and secure environment for people struggling with substance abuse to start their recovery journey. Our experienced team of doctors and other specialists will assess your condition and create a highly personalized treatment plan just for you. | <urn:uuid:c30a8a21-f05c-4ed5-8eb1-6c05dac13824> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://cciwa.org/comorbidity-and-substance-use-disorder/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.950823 | 1,429 | 3 | 3 |
"The stories you are about to hear are just a few voices from the many newcomer youth who are often forced to integrate into Canadian society while their individual stories go unacknowledged."
Created by a group of youth at YOCISO - the Ottawa Community Immigrant Services Organization's Youth Program - with artist Allan André.
The Story of "In My Own Voice":
This video addresses the theme of refugee youth experiences within the Canadian education system. The hope is that the video will be used as a public education tool in raising awareness of the experiences of refugee youth in our schools and create more understanding of the challenges refugee youth face once they are resettled in Canada. They also hope that the stories in this video will highlight the resilience of refugee youth and how their difficult experiences also contribute to their strength and ability to not only survive but thrive.
This video is an opportunity for refugee youth, whose stories and individuals experiences are often not heard, to share their own experience and concerns without having others to speak on their behalf. To ensure this, YOCISO emphasized that each individual share their thoughts and lived experiences unabated and without censor.
Contact: Jesse Ranauta - [email protected]
YOCISO programs are specifically designed to assist immigrant youth, ages 13-24, with their settlement and integration process in Canada. Through this process, these youth gain the necessary skills to achieve their goals, as well as develop a positive mindset to begin to overcome the challenges they may be facing so that they can contribute to the Canadian society. These programs are offered both at the elementary and high schools levels in the Ottawa area, community health centres, and at OCISO. | <urn:uuid:4b5e4601-cdde-4e71-9b0a-c2d944d76c20> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://ccrweb.ca/fr/speak-up/inmyownvoice | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.967015 | 343 | 2.671875 | 3 |
What is Psychoanalysis?
(adapted from the American Psychoanalytic Association)
Psychoanalysis began more than a century ago when Sigmund Freud, the first Psychoanalyst, introduced his insights into the human mind to the world. These ideas, which seemed so revolutionary at the turn of the 19th century, are now widely accepted by most schools of psychological thought. Although others before and during his time had begun to recognize the role of unconscious mental activity, Freud was the preeminent pioneer in understanding its importance. Through his extensive work with patients and through his theory building, he showed that factors which influence thought and action exist outside of awareness, that unconscious conflict plays a part in determining both normal and abnormal behavior, and that the past shapes the present. Although his ideas met with antagonism and resistance, Freud believed deeply in the value of his discoveries and rarely simplified or exaggerated them for the sake of popular acceptance. He saw that those who sought to change themselves or others must face realistic difficulties. But he also showed us that, while the dark and blind forces in human nature sometimes seem overwhelming, psychological understanding, by enlarging the realm of reason and responsibility, can make a substantial difference to troubled individuals and even to civilization as a whole.
Like any other field of inquiry, the ideas of psychoanalysis did not “freeze” with the work of the field’s founder a century ago. Building on the foundational ideas and ideals of Freud and his contemporaries, psychoanalysis has continued to grow and develop as a general theory of human mental functioning, while always maintaining a profound respect for the uniqueness of each individual life. Ferment, change, and new ideas have enriched the field, and psychoanalytic practice has adapted and expanded. But psychoanalysts today still appreciate the persistent power of the irrational in shaping or limiting human lives, and they therefore remain skeptical of the quick cure, the deceptively easy answer, the trendy or sensationalistic.
There are currently diverse approaches to treatment within psychoanalysis, yet these approaches all share the aim of helping patients bring to their consciousness what is unconscious or difficult to acknowledge. Unconscious occurrences may include, for example, an individual’s vulnerabilities, motives, tensions, impulses, guilt, fantasies, or urges. One of the goals of psychoanalysis is to help the patient develop insight into his/her unconscious processes. Psychoanalysis encourages us to search for personal truthfulness and focuses specifically on the irrational dimensions of our mental life, as it applies rational procedures to achieve its goals.
Although psychoanalysis began as a tool for ameliorating emotional suffering, it is not only a therapy. It is, in addition, a method for learning about the mind, and also a theory, a way of understanding the processes of normal everyday mental functioning and the stages of normal development from infancy to old age. Furthermore, since psychoanalysis seeks to explain how the human mind works, it contributes insight into whatever the human mind produces. In so doing, it has had a profound influence on many aspects of 21st century culture. While always acknowledging the uniqueness of the individual, and the infinite variation of human experience, psychoanalysis has, over the decades, developed a set of useful understandings about common human psychological experiences.
As a general theory of individual human behavior and experience, psychoanalytic ideas enrich and are enriched by the study of the biological and social sciences, group behavior, history, philosophy, art, and literature. As a developmental theory, psychoanalysis contributes to child psychology, education, law, and family studies. Through its examination of the complex relationship between body and mind, psychoanalysis also furthers our understanding of the role of emotions in health as well as in medical illness.
In addition, psychoanalytic knowledge is the basis of all other dynamic approaches to therapy. Whatever the modifications, the insights of psychoanalysis form the underpinnings of much of the psychotherapy employed in most other individual, family, and group therapies. | <urn:uuid:8a600f3d-271c-4dad-8a0e-5f2ad0846c0d> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://chicagopsychoanalyticsociety.org/psychoanalysis | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.953382 | 811 | 3.625 | 4 |
Lotteries are the games in which people can win money or other prizes by picking numbers or symbols. They can be found in many countries and are popular among people of all ages. https://www.reflectionsbysissy.com/
The earliest state-sponsored lotteries in Europe were held in the cities of Flanders in the first half of the 15th century. The word lottery is derived from Middle Dutch lotinge, which means “action of drawing lots.”
In the United States, all state governments have monopolies to operate their own lottery; the profits are then used to fund government programs. As of August 2004, forty states and the District of Columbia operated a lottery.
Despite their popularity, however, lotteries have not always been profitable. They have been criticized for the widespread use of deceptive advertising, which misleads players about their odds of winning and the amount of time that they will need to pay back the prize money. In addition, they have been associated with widespread tax evasion and other forms of gambling.
Since the early twentieth century, state lotteries have tended to expand in size and variety, especially in the United States, where the government controls all lottery sales. They may also be used as a way to raise money for projects such as schools, roads, and other public works.
A number of studies have shown that lotteries have won broad public approval even in times of economic stress, as long as they are seen as funding a specific public good. The popularity of lotteries has been a political boon to the states, which have often had to raise taxes and cut other programs in order to meet the financial needs of their citizens.
The lottery has also been a source of controversy over the use of funds for political causes, with some states arguing that a lottery should not be run if it is not expected to benefit the community as a whole. This argument has been successful in some states, and has led to the introduction of state-sponsored sports leagues and other public-works programs.
In a study of South Carolina, seventeen percent of the population said that they were “frequent” lottery players (those who play more than once a week) and 13% were “regular” or “occasional” players. In this survey, high-school educated, middle-aged men were more likely to be frequent players than any other demographic group.
There are no guarantees of success when playing the lottery, but there are some things you can do to increase your chances of winning. For instance, you can play the lottery with other people and pool your money. This will improve your odds of winning a smaller prize, but it will decrease your odds of winning the jackpot.
You can also increase your odds by choosing random numbers, rather than selecting those that are close together. This will decrease the chance that others will select those numbers too, which will increase your chances of winning a bigger prize.
The best strategy when playing the lottery is to avoid numbers that have sentimental value, such as those associated with birthdays or anniversaries. If you do decide to select these numbers, make sure to buy as many tickets as possible so that your chances of winning are increased. | <urn:uuid:1bef64bc-5809-44bf-b166-fb04b582cafc> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://christchurchpdx.org/tag/singapore-prize/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.983303 | 663 | 2.953125 | 3 |
3 Ways to Minimize Seasonal Depression
Seasonal depression, also known as Seasonal Affective Disorder, or SAD for short, is a form of depression that typically impacts people during the winter months, when exposure to sunlight and temperature changes naturally occur.
Research indicates that about six percent of the American population, primarily those people living in northern states, suffers from SAD. It is also believed that one in ten Americans experience subsyndromal SAD, a milder form of seasonal depression, also called the “winter blues.” And, though the disorder can affect both men and women, it is more common among women.
Symptoms of seasonal depression include:
- Inability to focus or concentrate
- Increased weight gain
- Increased appetite
- Social withdrawal
Though some people confuse SAD as simply moodiness, it is a real form of depression that is dependent on an individual’s hormonal state, as well as seasonal characteristics like exposure to light and temperature.
If you or a loved one are affected by seasonal depression, here are three ways you can reduce the symptoms that impact the quality of life.
While the temperatures outside may be a bit harsher than you’d like, it’s still a great idea to bundle up and get some sunshine, as much as you can. Our bodies need sunlight to boost our levels of vitamin D. Among other things, a vitamin D deficiency has been linked to mood swings, headaches and fatigue.
Exercise is also one of the best ways to release the feel-good hormone, serotonin. But it is much better to walk for a half hour outside in the sunlight than to get on the treadmill inside. So, if you can bare the chill in the air, head outside and get that body moving.
Use a SAD Light
Of course, there will be those days when the sun refuses to show its face and the weather is too severe to spend much, if any, time outside. The use of a SAD light can help reduce the symptoms of seasonal depression.
SAD lights are also called light therapy boxes, and the light they produce mimics natural outdoor light. Light therapy is believed to affect brain chemicals linked to mood and sleep, like serotonin and melatonin, easing SAD symptoms.
Eat More Produce
Feelings of anxiety are common among those suffering with seasonal depression, but according to Dr. Uma Naidoo of Harvard Medical School, relief may be found at the end of your fork. Fruits and vegetables are rich sources of essential nutrients like magnesium and zinc that ease anxiety and make people feel calmer. While you may be tempted to eat starchy comfort foods like bread and pasta, your best bet is to load up on as many whole foods as you can, with an emphasis on organic produce.
While the cold weather is likely to have most of us dreaming about spring, winter doesn’t have to be an emotional trial. By following these tips you may be able to lesson your SAD symptoms and get through winter unscathed.
If you or a loved one is currently feeling overwhelmed by SAD symptoms, and is interested in exploring treatment, please contact me today. I would be happy to speak with you about how I may be able to help. | <urn:uuid:dd42153f-acc3-46fa-9290-7e912afc00f4> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://clarkcounseling.com/3-ways-to-minimize-seasonal-depression/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.962037 | 670 | 3.171875 | 3 |
by Ian Angus
This month, Climate & Capitalism opens a new article category, 21st Century Barbarism, devoted to exposing the horrendous human costs of capitalist “business as usual.” This article sets the political and historical framework for the series. It was first published by Socialist Voice in July 2008, and then in my book, The Global Fight for Climate Justice, in 2010.
From the first day it appeared online, Climate and Capitalism’s masthead has carried the slogan “Ecosocialism or Barbarism: there is no third way.” We’ve been quite clear that ecosocialism is not a new theory or brand of socialism — it is socialism with Marx’s important insights on ecology restored, socialism committed to the fight against ecological destruction. But why do we say that the alternative to ecosocialism is barbarism?
Marxists have used the word “barbarism” in various ways, but most often to describe actions or social conditions that are grossly inhumane, brutal, and violent. It is not a word we use lightly, because it implies not just bad behaviour but violations of the most important norms of human solidarity and civilized life.
The slogan “Socialism or Barbarism” originated with the great German revolutionary socialist leader Rosa Luxemburg, who repeatedly raised it during World War I. It was a profound concept, one that has become ever more relevant as the years have passed.
Rosa Luxemburg spent her entire adult life organizing and educating the working class to fight for socialism. She was convinced that if socialism didn’t triumph, capitalism would become ever more barbaric, wiping out centuries of gains in civilization. In a major 1915 antiwar polemic, she referred to Friedrich Engels’ view that society must advance to socialism or revert to barbarism and then asked, “What does a ‘reversion to barbarism’ mean at the present stage of European civilization?”
She gave two related answers.
In the long run, she said, a continuation of capitalism would lead to the literal collapse of civilized society and the coming of a new Dark Age, similar to Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire: “The collapse of all civilization as in ancient Rome, depopulation, desolation, degeneration — a great cemetery.” (The Junius Pamphlet)
By saying this, Rosa Luxemburg was reminding the revolutionary left that socialism is not inevitable, that if the socialist movement failed, capitalism might destroy modern civilization, leaving behind a much poorer and much harsher world. That wasn’t a new concept — it has been part of Marxist thought from its very beginning. In 1848, in The Communist Manifesto, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels wrote:
“The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles. … that each time ended, either in the revolutionary reconstitution of society at large, or in the common ruin of the contending classes.” (emphasis added)
In Luxemburg’s words:
“Humanity is facing the alternative: Dissolution and downfall in capitalist anarchy, or regeneration through the social revolution.” (A Call to the Workers of the World)
Capitalism’s two faces
But Luxemburg, again following the example of Marx and Engels, also used the term “barbarism” another way, to contrast capitalism’s loudly proclaimed noble ideals with its actual practice of torture, starvation, murder and war.
Marx many times described the two-sided nature of capitalist “progress.” In 1853, writing about the British colonial regime in India, he described the “profound hypocrisy and inherent barbarism of bourgeois civilization [that] lies unveiled before our eyes, turning from its home, where it assumes respectable forms, to the colonies, where it goes naked.” Capitalist progress, he said, resembled a “hideous, pagan idol, who would not drink the nectar but from the skulls of the slain.” (The Future Results of British Rule in India)
Similarly, in a speech to radical workers in London in 1856, he said:
“On the one hand, there have started into life industrial and scientific forces, which no epoch of the former human history had ever suspected. On the other hand, there exist symptoms of decay, far surpassing the horrors recorded of the latter times of the Roman Empire.” (Speech at the Anniversary of the People’s Paper)
Immense improvements to the human condition have been made under capitalism — in health, culture, philosophy, literature, music and more. But capitalism has also led to starvation, destitution, mass violence, torture and even genocide — all on an unprecedented scale. As capitalism has expanded and aged, the barbarous side of its nature has come ever more to the fore.
Bourgeois society, which came to power promising equality, democracy, and human rights, has never had any compunction about throwing those ideals overboard to expand and protect its wealth and profits. That’s the view of barbarism that Rosa Luxemburg was primarily concerned about during World War I. She wrote:
“Shamed, dishonored, wading in blood and dripping in filth, this capitalist society stands. Not as we usually see it, playing the roles of peace and righteousness, of order, of philosophy, of ethics — as a roaring beast, as an orgy of anarchy, as pestilential breath, devastating culture and humanity — so it appears in all its hideous nakedness …
“A look around us at this moment shows what the regression of bourgeois society into barbarism means. This world war is a regression into barbarism.” (The Junius Pamphlet)
For Luxemburg, barbarism wasn’t a future possibility. It was the present reality of imperialism, a reality that was destined to get much worse if socialism failed to stop it. Tragically, she was proven correct. The defeat of the German revolutions of 1919 to 1923, coupled with the isolation and degeneration of the Russian Revolution, opened the way to a century of genocide and constant war.
In 1933, Leon Trotsky described the rise of fascism as “capitalist society … puking up undigested barbarism.” (What is National Socialism?)
Later he wrote:
“The delay of the socialist revolution engenders the indubitable phenomena of barbarism — chronic unemployment, pauperization of the petty bourgeoisie, fascism, finally wars of extermination which do not open up any new road.” (In Defense of Marxism)
More than 250 million people, most of them civilians, were killed in the wars of extermination and mass atrocities of the 20th Century. The 21st century continues that record: in less than eight years over three million people have died in wars in Iraq, Afghanistan and elsewhere in the Third World, and at least 700,000 have died in “natural” disasters.
As Luxemburg and Trotsky warned, barbarism is already upon us. Only mass action can stop barbarism from advancing, and only socialism can definitively defeat it. Their call to action is even more important today, when capitalism has added massive ecological destruction, primarily affecting the poor, to the wars and other horrors of the 20th Century.
That view has been expressed repeatedly and forcefully by Venezuelan president Hugo Chavez. Speaking in Vienna in May 2006, he referred explicitly to Luxemburg’s words:
“The choice before humanity is socialism or barbarism. … When Rosa Luxemburg made this statement, she was speaking of a relatively distant future. But now the situation of the world is so bad that the threat to the human race is not in the future, but now.”
A few months earlier, in Caracas, he argued that capitalism’s destruction of the environment gives particular urgency to the fight against barbarism today:
“I was remembering Karl Marx and Rosa Luxemburg and the phrase that each one of them, in their particular time and context put forward; the dilemma ‘socialism or barbarism.’ …
“I believe it is time that we take up with courage and clarity a political, social, collective and ideological offensive across the world — a real offensive that permits us to move progressively, over the next years, the next decades, leaving behind the perverse, destructive, destroyer, capitalist model and go forward in constructing the socialist model to avoid barbarism and beyond that the annihilation of life on this planet.
“I believe this idea has a strong connection with reality. I don’t think we have much time. Fidel Castro said in one of his speeches I read not so long ago, ‘tomorrow could be too late, let’s do now what we need to do.’ I don’t believe that this is an exaggeration. The environment is suffering damage that could be irreversible — global warming, the greenhouse effect, the melting of the polar ice caps, the rising sea level, hurricanes — with terrible social consequences that will shake life on this planet.
Chavez and the revolutionary Bolivarian movement in Venezuela have proudly raised the banner of 21st Century Socialism to describe their goals. As these comments show, they are also raising a warning flag, that the alternative to socialism is 21st Century Barbarism — the barbarism of the previous century amplified and intensified by ecological crisis.
Climate change and ‘barbarization’
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has been studying and reporting on climate change for two decades. Recently the Vice-Chair of the IPCC, Professor Mohan Munasinghe, gave a lecture at Cambridge University that described “a dystopic possible future world in which social problems are made much worse by the environmental consequences of rising greenhouse gas emissions.”
He said: “Climate change is, or could be, the additional factor which will exacerbate the existing problems of poverty, environmental degradation, social polarisation and terrorism and it could lead to a very chaotic situation.”
“Barbarization,” Munasinghe said, is already underway. We face “a situation where the rich live in enclaves, protected, and the poor live outside in unsustainable conditions.”
A common criticism of the IPCC is that its reports are too conservative, that they understate how fast climate change is occurring and how disastrous the effects may be. So when the Vice-Chair of the IPCC says that “barbarization” is already happening, no one should suggest that it’s an exaggeration.
The present reality of barbarism
The idea of 21st Century Barbarism may seem far fetched. Even with food and fuel inflation, growing unemployment and housing crises, many working people in the advanced capitalist countries still enjoy a considerable degree of comfort and security.
But outside the protected enclaves of the global north, the reality of “barbarization” is all too evident.
- 2.5 billion people, nearly half of the world’s population, survive on less than two dollars a day.
- Over 850 million people are chronically undernourished and three times that many frequently go hungry.
- Every hour of every day, 180 children die of hunger and 1200 die of preventable diseases.
- Over half a million women die every year from complications of pregnancy and childbirth. 99% of them are in the global south.
- Over a billion people live in vast urban slums, without sanitation, sufficient living space, or durable housing.
- 1.3 billion people have no safe water. 3 million die of water-related diseases every year.
The United Nations Human Development Report 2007-2008 warns that unmitigated climate change will lock the world’s poorest countries and their poorest citizens in a downward spiral, leaving hundreds of millions facing malnutrition, water scarcity, ecological threats, and a loss of livelihoods.
In UNDP Administrator Kemal Dervis’s words:
“Ultimately, climate change is a threat to humanity as a whole. But it is the poor, a constituency with no responsibility for the ecological debt we are running up, who face the immediate and most severe human costs.”
Among the 21st Century threats identified by the Human Development Report:
- The breakdown of agricultural systems as a result of increased exposure to drought, rising temperatures, and more erratic rainfall, leaving up to 600 million more people facing malnutrition.
- An additional 1.8 billion people facing water stress by 2080, with large areas of South Asia and northern China facing a grave ecological crisis as a result of glacial retreat and changed rainfall patterns.
- Displacement through flooding and tropical storm activity of up to 332 million people in coastal and low-lying areas. Over 70 million Bangladeshis, 22 million Vietnamese, and six million Egyptians could be affected by global warming-related flooding.
- Expanding health risks, including up to 400 million more people facing the risk of malaria.
To these we can add the certainty that at least 100 million people will be added to the ranks of the permanently hungry this year as a result of food price inflation.
In the UN report, former South African Archbishop Desmond Tutu echoes Munasinghe’s prediction of protected enclaves for the rich within a world of ecological destruction:
“While the citizens of the rich world are protected from harm, the poor, the vulnerable and the hungry are exposed to the harsh reality of climate change in their everyday lives…. We are drifting into a world of ‘adaptation apartheid.’”
As capitalism continues with business as usual, climate change is fast expanding the gap between rich and poor between and within nations, and imposing unparalleled suffering on those least able to protect themselves. That is the reality of 21st Century Barbarism.
No society that permits that to happen can be called civilized. No social order that causes it to happen deserves to survive.
Notes In “Empire of Barbarism” (Monthly Review, December 2004), John Bellamy Foster and Brett Clark provide an excellent account of the evolution of the word “barbarism” and its present-day implications. The best discussion of Rosa Luxemburg’s use of the word is in Norman Geras, The Legacy of Rosa Luxemburg. The works of Marx, Engels, Luxemburg and Trotsky that are quoted in this article can be found online in the Marxists Internet Archive. Hands Off Venezuela, May 13, 2006 Green Left Weekly, August 31, 2005 “Expert warns climate change will lead to ‘barbarisation’” Guardian, May 15, 2008 United Nations Development Program, Human Development Report 2007/2008 “Climate change threatens unprecedented human development reversals.” UNDP News Release, Nov. 27, 2007 | <urn:uuid:9a00e16d-72c4-4470-85ed-6ea72b603969> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://climateandcapitalism.com/2012/08/20/the-spectre-of-21st-century-barbarism/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.940184 | 3,080 | 2.546875 | 3 |
The term "digital dollar" refers to a possible digital currency issued by the US central bank (CBDC).
What Is a Digital Dollar?
A digital dollar is a form of currency
that is only available in electronic form
and the financial systems of many countries rely on the electronic form of US dollars which are held in various bank deposits in electronic or digital form. As the name hints, the digital dollar never takes physical form
and is always stored on a computer network. All its trading activities are also done on the internet.
Back in May 2021, the Digital Dollar Project
was announced, according to which five U.S. central bank digital currency pilots will be launched in the near future
, in an effort to promote the US dollar as a form of digital currency around the world.
The concept of digital dollars has emerged after the eruption of cryptocurrencies in the world. With Bitcoin (BTC)
emerging as the first and now the largest cryptocurrency
in the world, authorities all around the globe are now considering launching their very own digital currencies with countries like China, the USA, and many others in the race of developing a stable currency
that is considered as legal tender in the world.
The main distinction between the digital dollar and the various cryptocurrencies available in the market today is that the latter are decentralized assets with a different value than traditional currencies. Digital dollars, like all digital currencies, are managed by the Federal Reserve and are backed by the government, which means that they function like physical money and are worth the same.
The digital dollar is an intangible asset and is valued at acquisition cost. The world is shifting toward digitization as everything has gone digital.
Instead of using physical dollar bills, people can make purchases by transferring digital currency to retailers using their electronic devices. The transfer of digital dollars will work like popular payment apps, including Google Pay, Venmo, and PayPal.
Following the successful launch of decentralized cryptocurrencies, such as Bitcoin and Ethereum, which store value but aren’t limited to any authority, the world governments are investigating the possibility of developing their own digital currencies, also known as central bank digital currencies (CBDC)
Many countries are moving towards digital currencies, such as the Bahamas' Sand Dollar project
, which is currently in production, in addition to China's digital yuan
, a pilot project launched back in 2014.
Some advantages of the digital dollar include:
- International transfers will become more affordable
- The unavailability of a bank account would not affect your transactions
- Payments will become faster
- Tax refunds and other government payments will become efficient
- Its value would be exactly $1, backed fully by the US central banks
The digital dollar will compete with cryptocurrencies known as stablecoins (USDT, USDC, etc.), which are crypto-assets pegged to the US dollar to stabilize their value
. The launch of the digital dollar is crucial because the current banking system is facing an existential threat due to the digital currency age started by cryptocurrencies. | <urn:uuid:24ea3019-f077-4a2a-a271-1dd264837d3d> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://coinmarketcap.com/academy/id/glossary/digital-dollar | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.951812 | 609 | 3.421875 | 3 |
This newly released image of Jupiter, taken by NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope on 25 August, was captured when the planet was 650 million kilometres from Earth.
As well as looking quite beautiful, it is giving researchers an updated report on the monster planet’s turbulent atmosphere.
An exciting detail, NASA says, appears at mid-northern latitudes as a bright white stretched-out storm travelling around the planet at 560 kilometres per hour. This single plume erupted on 18 August, and ground-based observers have discovered two more that appeared later at the same latitude.
While it’s common for storms to pop up in this region every six years or so, often with multiple storms at once, the timing of the Hubble observations is perfect for showing the structure in the wake of the disturbance, during the early stages of its evolution.
Hubble shows that the Great Red Spot is ploughing into the clouds ahead of it, forming a cascade of white and beige ribbons. It is currently an exceptionally rich red colour, with its core and outermost band appearing deeper red.
Researchers say the super-storm now measures about 15,770 kilometres across. It is still shrinking as noted in telescopic observations dating back to 1930, but the reason remains a mystery.
This image shows Jupiter is clearing out its higher altitude white clouds, especially along the equator, where an orangish hydrocarbon smog wraps around it.
The icy moon Europa, thought to hold potential ingredients for life, is visible to the left of the gas giant. | <urn:uuid:935469ad-c794-4e3b-8df4-ff8ff3104bdc> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://cosmosmagazine.com/space/a-crisp-new-portrait-of-jupiters-storms/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.947925 | 318 | 3.15625 | 3 |
Please answer the two following questions in 150 words no copying:
What are some examples of using a budget? How can budgets be mismanaged or misunderstood? Why is it important to develop a statistics budget before a financial budget? Provide a brief 3-5 item statistics budget, such as ED Visits by month, meals by month, etc. Explain your answers. For example, your department’s budget plan for meals is 2400 per day. The cost amount per meal is $1.75. The total cost per day would be 2400 x $1.75. The price for each meal is $4.00 and the total revenue from meals per day is 2400 x $4.00. Cite references if you use sources other than the e-text. The idea here is to think in terms of units of production before determining dollar amounts. Reason being is general or overview dollar amounts do not help us to understand or improve operations or provide us with focused details for managerial decision making. From a career or job perspective, if you were asked how would you help prepare a budget, what would you need to know first through last to develop a defensible budget ~ one that is evidence based.
1. Quadratic equations can be solved by graphing, using the quadratic formula, completing the square, and factoring. What are the pros and cons of each of these methods?
2. When might each method be most appropriate?
3. Which method do you prefer? Why?
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English homework help | <urn:uuid:295b23d5-b680-409c-9687-b3660a0c2995> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://courseworkheroines.com/300-words-two-paragraphs/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.942194 | 370 | 3.4375 | 3 |
The electricity grid is evolving as coal plants reach the end of their lives and the popularity of renewables grows. create spoke to power engineering specialists about the challenges ahead.
The coming months are likely to be hotter than average, and power engineering specialist Kate Summers is concerned about the safety and security of the grid – particularly in the eastern states.
“We face another summer with the eastern seaboard at risk again with inadequate control of active power,” she said.
Summers is an Engineers Australia Fellow and member of the Energy Advisory Panel, which supports the organisation’s public advocacy goals. She told create that the greatest threat to disruption of essential electricity services is not the rising share of renewable energy, but the way existing coal- and gas-fired power plants are controlled under the current market-driven system.
“Meeting the demands of the market has failed to protect the power system,” she explained, adding that the market was never intended to interfere with the control of the power system, but evidence shows it has.
“We can observe that the market rules have significantly altered the dynamic control of the system,” she said.
Renewables on the rise
According to the Department of Environment and Energy’s September update, coal plants provided 60 per cent of Australia’s electrical energy in 2018, down from over 80 per cent in 2000.
Renewables made up 19 per cent of generation last year, and rose faster than any nation in the world on a per capita basis. There is also more electricity being fed into the grid by households and industry – accounting for 13 per cent of generation in 2017-18.
At the end of August, Australia met its large-scale Renewable Energy Target (RET) of 33,000 additional GWh of renewable generation by 2020. Although investment slowed this year, an ANU study found that generation capacity has continued to rise due to the reduced cost of building renewable energy plants.
Summers pointed out that meeting the RET was a moot point, as wind generation, which made up 6 per cent of total generation last year, only runs at its rated capacity 10 per cent of the time. Depending on the location, she said it typically generates between a third to half of its installed capacity.
Challenges for the grid
The National Electricity Market connects Victoria, NSW, South Australia, the ACT, Queensland and Tasmania. According to Summers, it is a unique system that requires local experts to ensure that each region runs efficiently and effectively.
“People can make rules from an operational perspective, but if they don’t necessarily understand the system dynamics, there can be unintended consequences,” she said.
One essential principle for safe and secure operation is maintaining a stable grid frequency of 50 Hz. This has proved challenging, as the output of existing coal- and gas-fired turbines is not adjusted locally, but controlled according to the centralised dispatch system, which approximates demand.
“If you don’t know what the frequency is, you can’t predict what will happen with a large event,” Summers explained, adding that the central system updates every five minutes, while actual frequency changes each millisecond.
This has been a known technical issue since 2017, and the cost of services to rectify frequency variations have been passed on to consumers. The Australian Energy Market Operator and others have proposed rule changes to the Australian Energy Market Commission to address the problem, but these will take several months to go through the consultation process. A final decision is due in the first quarter of 2020.
While the grid will need to adapt to more distributed renewable power generation, Summers said that a lot of money is being spent on complex, ineffective solutions, which is also driving up power bills.
Engineering expertise essential for safety and security
Summers emphasised that the electrical power grid was an essential and complex piece of infrastructure, and should be subject to power system engineering scrutiny, as would be expected with infrastructure in any other field.
“If a civil engineer is building a wall, they need to make sure that the foundations and footings won’t let it fall over,” she said.
According to her, the foundations of a safe and secure power system were stable frequency and voltage, but there had been a loss of power control systems knowledge among the people making decisions about the future of the grid.
Summers added that this has implications for safety and security, as the complexity of the current market rules is making it harder for electrical engineers to do their jobs and ensure that protections are in place for workers and equipment.
Other issues are the loss of local knowledge, and that decisions about the grid tend to be skewed towards cost.
The Chair of the Engineers Australia Electrical College, Dr Peter Sokolowski, agreed that safety should outweigh all other considerations.
“People should not profit from safety and security – safety should be paramount,” he said. | <urn:uuid:8ff4d1ad-ddcd-4b73-9350-148b1bdee201> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://createdigital.org.au/engineering-knowhow-is-essential-as-we-move-to-a-more-stable-sustainable-grid/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.958424 | 1,015 | 3.0625 | 3 |
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Corporate regulation is really a theme that is certainly frequently neglected when going over organization administration and composition. The primary short article focuses on the application of business rules towards the creation of business organizations. Many countries have designed law privileges associated with a organization to ensure the company is regulated in a fashion that is favorable to the prosperity of the business. This informative article also looks at the necessity of the duration of the term of the corporate and business cover. This length means the time allocated by law for the company to really exist.
Business entities are separated into various kinds depending on their the outdoors. Corporations are institutions though trade unions are exceptional economical models. When thinking about the dissimilarities in between these various kinds of organizations, it is important to define and designate the authorized framework within which enterprises are available.
Within industrial legislation, firms are established via the development of a lot of shareholders that manage and spend the company’s sales in a very frequent attention. This attraction is known as the fairness of share or fairness. Such as, if your firm brings about vast amounts of money of amount of carry, than the shows most of the shareholders home equity as well as the institution may be by law considered an enterprise.
Trade Unions is made via several contracts among staff members who job under a common workplace. Under this sort of agreement, the employee will get a reveal cash transaction determined by a percentage in the sales manufactured by the company. Trade unions also characterize the staff in litigation and are also created by means of group bargaining.
The key report has investigated a couple of principal forms of online business organizations. Additional articles or blog posts in this line will look each and every primary form in more detail. To be able to maintain your sincerity of the nation and stop it from turning into a spot in which organizations are shaped using the only intent behind making use of the citizens. | <urn:uuid:28472d2a-a8ca-4a6c-b1ea-6c8cf52e7fe4> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://cvmassociated.com/2859-business-entities-sorts-of-business-entities-11/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.956298 | 924 | 2.734375 | 3 |
how do i take cuttings?
Stocks of favourite plants can be increased by taking cuttings from a tuber’s shoots. As with plants grown from tubers the result of a successful cutting is an exact clone of the original plant.
Varieties propagated by dividing tubers typically lose vigor over time, although many well-known varieties are still winning at shows decades after they were first bred. Propagation from cuttings is widely thought to slow this degradation. Some growers plant only cuttings taken from tubers which they then discard.
Moving tubers into a warm place August or September will stimulate shoots for cutting in October or November. Cuttings can be taken when shoots are about 10cm. Cut below a leaf node, leaving a node on the tuber so that more shoots will grow (the tuber can then be planted in the normal way to produce blooms that season). Use a sharp knife or flower snips - use bleach or some other disinfectant between tubers to avoid transferring viruses. Remove one or more pairs of the lower leaves.
Put the cuttings in a free draining growing medium such as a light potting soil or a mix of sand, perlite and coir and keep in a humid environment until they have rooted. Cuttings can be dipped in hormone rooting compounds but this is not essential - some growers use honey. Make sure to label the pots!
Multiple cuttings can be brought on in one pot or in a cheap growing kit like a mini-greenhouse. More simply, each cutting can be put in its own pot and protected with an upside down sawn-off plastic bottle. Ensure the humidity is maintained – fogging is a good indicator.
After three or four weeks the cuttings should have developed roots and can be planted out (protect from snails and slugs). They will produce flowers in their first year. Alternatively, the plants can be potted up to make pot tubers for planting in the following season. | <urn:uuid:71d89236-e302-4e0c-8b2d-c88f44201680> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://dahliasocietyofvictoria.org.au/Growing-From-Cuttings | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.957341 | 411 | 2.546875 | 3 |
A stroke is a pretty serious cardiac event.
Did you know that roughly 140,000 people die every year from strokes, just in the U.S. alone? Strokes are the third leading cause of death in America, and roughly 795,000 people experience a stroke per year.
Basically, a stroke is what happens when the arteries sending blood to or throughout your brain become damaged, a clot forms, and the flow of blood is cut off.
Without blood flow, the cells in your brain become starved for oxygen and begin to die. That cellular death can lead to impaired brain function, with different outcomes depending on the part of the brain where the stroke happens.
But the human body is ever resilient!
One doctor, found a way to get his brain working effectively again after a stroke. What worked for him may very well work for you too.
How to Repair Your Brain
Clinical psychologist David Roland suffered a stroke in mid-2009. As a result of the stroke, he suffered:
- Memory loss and deficits
- Extensive cognitive problems
- Loss of ¼ of his vision
- Attention deficits
For a man who was considered one of the top psychologists in Australia, this was quite a blow.
So what did he do? | <urn:uuid:fc59125a-fc8f-4400-9e46-9f8ed826c26d> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://dailyhealthpost.com/7-easy-ways-to-help-repair-your-brain-after-a-stroke/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.963861 | 259 | 3.21875 | 3 |
History Of Dakshin Dinajpur
The district of West Dinajpur came into existence in August 1947 with the partition of Bengal. The province of Bengal was divided into two parts in accordance with the partition. The dividing line passed through the district of Dinajpur, the portion lying to the west of the line being named West Dinajpur. There is no local tradition regarding the origin of the name Dinajpur, and it is also rather difficult to advance any satisfactory theory about the origin of the name.
The district of West Dinajpur comprised an area, which in ancient times formed a part of the kingdom of Pundravardhana, the country of the Pundras. According to Brihatkathakosha of Harishena, Bhadrabahu (the Jaina guru of Chandragupta Maurya) was the son of a Brahmin of Kotivarsha in Pundravardhana.
According to the Jaina tradition, Godasa, a disciple of Bhadrabahu, founded the school called Godasagana, which in course of time had four shakhas, three of which were called Tamralipika, Kotivarshiya and Pundravardhaniya. Kotivarsha has been identified with Devkot, which again, has been identified with Bangarh in PS Gangarampur. Buddhism spread in Pundravardhana at about the same time as Jainism.
The discovery of a seal in 1931, amidst the ruins of Mahasthangrah established the fact that Pundranagara or Mahasthangrah was a centre of Buddhism in the Maurya period. The message on the Mahasthangarh seal concerns shramanas of the Chhavaggiya sect residing at Pundranagara and contains direction regarding the steps to be help them tide over a famine. A few clay seals found during excavations at Bangarh in 1937-41 have writing on them, which may be assigned to the Maurya period. The District therefore, appears to have been included in the Maurya Empire.
The discovery of terra-cotta figurines of the Shunga period and Kushana gold coins at Mahasthangarh and at Bangarh indicates that Pundravardhana maintained its relations with the rest of India during the reigns of the Sungas and Kushans period. The terra-cotta figurines show that fine arts flourished at that period.
The Allahabad Pillar Inscription of Samudra Gupta mentions Samatata, Davaka and Kamarupa as the kingdoms situated on the eastern frontier of Samudra Gupta’s empire.
The discovery of a number of inscriptions of the Gupta and later Gupta periods within or near the district of west dinajpur bears ample testimony to the away of the Guptas over Pundravardhana. Five copper-plate inscription were discovered in the village of Damodarpur in Police Station Phulbari (now in Bangladesh), and one copper-plate inscription was discovered in the village of Baigram in police station Hili.
The Baigram copper plate is one of the two, which were discovered while excavating a tank at Baigram in police station Hili. The Baigram copper plate inscription is dated in the year 128 of the Gupta era corresponding to 448 AD and thus, refers to the reign of Kumaragupta -I. Although the name of the kind does not appear in this copper plate.
These copper plate inscriptions offer valuable information about some aspects of the administration of the country during the reign of the Gupta kings. The inscriptions reveal an efficient and methodical Administration during this period and the use of gold & silver coins testifies the prosperity of the country.
After the Gupta reign came the Pala dynasty founded by Gopala. The reign of the Pala kings occupies a glorious chapter in the history of Bengal. The Pala emperor had an well-organized navy. The armed forces included soldiers mounted on elephants, cavalrymen and soldiers mounted on camels. The Pala emperors were ardent Buddhists but never deprived persons professing other religions.
The Pala dynasty came to an end in Bengal during the reign of Madana Pala. Vijayasena of the Sena dynasty defeated him.
The rule of the Senas over North Bengal, however, was rather short-lived as the Sena kingdom was replaced by the Muslim kingdom established by Muhammad Bakhtyar Khalji in C1201 AC. Vijayasena, Vallalasena and Lakshmanasena were the Sena kings who ruled over North Bengal in the 12th century AD.
Muhammad Bhakthyar Khalji defeated Lakshmanasena at Nadia in 1201 AD . Ali Mardan Kahlji assassinated him, in turn, while he was lying ill at Devkot, Muhammad Shiran Khalji (one of the officers of Muhammad Bakhtyar Khalji) defeated Ali Mardan and imprisoned him after which he was elected the ruler of Lakhnawati. Ali Mardan fled to Delhi.
Ali Mardan, who had been instrumental in driving Malik Izzuddin Muhammad Shiran, reappeared in the politics of Bengal. In 1210 AD, he obtained vice-royalty of Lakhnawati from Quta-ud-din Aibak.
Mardan’s reign was however short-lived and he was killed in 1213 AD by the Khalji nobles who elected Husam-un-din Iwaz as ruler. Husam-ud-din Iwaz ruled for about fourteen years and took the title of Sultan Ghiyas-ud-din Iwaz Khalji. It was he who transferred the seat of Government from Devkot (Bangarh) to the historic city of Gaur-Lakhnawati. He connected the two frontier towns of Devkot (Bangarh) and Lakhnor (in Birbhum district) by an unusually wide and high-embanked Grand Trunk Road with ferries on the big rivers like the Ganges on the Lakhnor side and the Mahananda and the Purnarbhava on the other.
Ali Mardan had thrown of the allegiance to Delhi, and Sultan Ghiyas-ud-din Iwaz Khilji ruled as an independent king till 1227 AD. when he was defeated at the hands of Nasir-ud-din, the eldest son of Sultan Iltutmish. From 1227-87 AD no less than fifteen chiefs were in authority at Lakhnawati and of them ten were Mamluks of the Imperial Court of Delhi. The history of the period is a sickening record of internal dissensions, usurpations and murders.
Akbar conquered Bengal in 1585 AD. During his reign, the district of West Dinajpur was probably contained within the sarkars of Tajpur and Panjara. No incident worthy of note appears to have taken place in the district of West Dinajpur during this long period of about two hundred years, during which Bengal remained under the control of the Mughals.
The district came under control of the East India company in 1765, the year in which the East India Company obtained the Diwani of Bengal. They appointed Muhammad Reza Khan as their Naib or deputy at Murshidabad. In order to acquire control over the administration, they had forced Najm-ud-daulah, Mirl Jafar’s son, to consent to the appointment of the same Muhammad Reza Khan as his deputy as well.
In the reign of Akbar, we find the first authentic traces of the great zamindari family of Dinajpur, with which for the next two centuries the history of the district is closely interwoven.
During the later half of the 18th century, the district was subjected to the plundering raids of the Sanyasis and Fakirs. Some of these sanyasis settled down and acquired properties in many places including Dinajpur district. It may recalled that the early Muslim colonisers activity patronized these Fakirs and Auliyas, the holy men of Islam, who acted as the vanguard of the army in the hitherto unconquered regions.
These sanyasis and fakirs used to enter the district from places in Western India ostensibly for pilgrimage but in reality, to amass riches by plundering the people.
Warren Hastings curbed the activities of the sanyasis, but the fakirs continued to oppress the people of the district even as late as 1799. The East India Company took vigorous measures to bring them to book and by the beginning of the 19th century, completely stopped these activities.
The Rebellion of 1857 left the district undisturbed. The most important result of the rebellion was that the administration of the affairs of India was taken over by the British Government and the East India Company ceased to exist.
The administration of the British, no doubt, had secured peace and some kind of justice on the inhabitants but the discrimination that was made between Englishmen and Indians in various spheres of administration gradually built up a store of resentment against the British Government.
In 1905, the Secretary of State agreed to the Government of India’s new scheme of Partition of Bengal into two parts with the exception of the Darjeeling district, by separating Dacca and Chittagong Divisions to form a new province of East Bengal and Assam. This proposal to divide Bengal was made for administrative convenience and for ensuring advancement in East Bengal and Assam in the fields of education, etc. This move was strongly opposed by the people of the district. Lal Mohan Ghosh suggested that all honorary Magistrates and all members of district boards, municipal commissioners and panchayats should resign in a body and national mourning should be observed for twelve months during which the people should not participate in any public rejoicing.
The partition was however, proclaimed in September 1905. The reaction in the district to this proclamation was sharp and Maharaja Girija Nath roy took leading part in the agitation against the partition.
By the first World War, revolutionary movement continued in the district of Dinajpur. When the struggle for freedom began in 1919,local congress leaders of Balurghat promoted the ideals of the congress throughout the sub-division. Primary Congress committees were organised even in remote villages. Parallel administration was setup. Hindus and Muslims of the district jointly took part Khilafat movement of 1920. In 1942, Purna Chandra noted revolutionary, was arrested at Dinajpur.
Dinajpur continued to figure in the reports of the Government as a troubled district. During the months of June and July, 1932, the Santals at Akchha in Gangarampur police station of Balurghat sub-division stopped paying rents, chowkidari taxes, etc.
During the 1942 Quit India Movement, the people of Balurghat sub-division acted in a noteworthy manner.
Under the leadership of the local congress leader, Saroj Ranjan Chatterjee, they formed a procession and proceeded to Balurghat and besieged the town. However, this movement was crushed by the arrival of a large contingent of armed policemen with District Magistrate from Dinajpur.
The West Dinajpur district was further bifurcated in 1992 into Uttar Dinajpur and Dakshin Dinajpur districts. | <urn:uuid:138398e7-3438-42f8-b750-32249a28500c> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://ddinajpur.nic.in/history/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.966935 | 2,390 | 3.09375 | 3 |
Getting started with anomaly detection
Anomaly detection involves identification of unusual patterns in the data that you are monitoring.
This topic provides the following information about the anomaly detection capability:
What is anomaly detection?
Just before a problem occurs, you can typically observe various symptoms, for example, a sudden spike or dip in the event frequency or rare occurrences of events. Such changes in the data being monitored offer important clues to potential problems. Anomaly detection is the identification of such unusual patterns in the data that you are monitoring.
Anomaly detection can enable you to:
- Resolve problems faster by discovering the root cause faster
- Detect problems before they have significant impact
- Confirm expected behavior for changes applied to the system
By detecting anomalies, you can add a new level of confidence to your activities. Suppose you upgrade to a new version of a software, by looking at anomalies you can check if there are any unusual changes in the event pattern.
How does anomaly detection work?
IT Data Analytics uses a combination of unsupervised machine learning techniques and baselining to detect anomalies.
After installing (or upgrading) the product, it takes a few days to learn common patterns in the data that is indexed. Over time, the system is trained to detect deviations and infrequent occurrences in the data as compared to common patterns learned. Deviations are shown as out-of-range events and the infrequent happenings are shown as rare events. With time, patterns are constantly adjusted and you can expect to find more accurate results. For more information, see Detecting anomalies.
Use cases for detecting anomalies
The following use cases illustrate how you can use anomaly detection to get additional insight into the data that you are monitoring or analyzing.
Root cause analysis
While identifying potential causes of an application event or infrastructure alarm, you can use anomaly detection to isolate log messages which are rare or which are occurring at an unusual frequency. Suppose an alarm is raised via TrueSight Infrastructure Management (or any other monitoring tool) and is assigned to an owner who has the responsibility of resolving the issue. In cases where the resolution is not found, a simple or common method like restarting the application is often used. Now, you can use anomaly detection to get to the root cause of the alarm quickly and more accurately.
As part of your troubleshooting, you can use various other features like search commands, coalesce data capability, or compare data capability. But anomaly detection is designed specifically to help you focus only on rare or unusual logging which was recorded at a specific time. While troubleshooting, you can isolate a window of time close to when the alarm was raised and look at a quick summary of log messages which are rare or occurring at an unexpected frequency in that same time window. Often, this can help you get additional insight on the problem.
Proactive change management
As part of a change process, administrators who apply new software (or make configuration changes) can add another level of confidence to their process by validating that the change they just applied is not causing an unexpected behavior.
As an administrator, you can use anomaly detection to isolate and view unexpected or rare log messages around the same time or just after a change was applied. This can give you an early warning if the change caused a negative or unexpected behavior in the application. | <urn:uuid:3f25ffb5-3b09-4b2b-9978-52b5e736f2b7> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://docs.bmc.com/docs/TSLogAnalytics/110/getting-started-with-anomaly-detection-721194139.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.938863 | 675 | 2.59375 | 3 |
Stamina or endurance is crucial for a healthy and active life. Stamina is the ability to sustain physical or mental effort for an extended period. Good stamina can improve your physical performance, mental acuity, and overall quality of life. However, gaining stamina requires discipline, patience, and a combination of healthy habits. In this article, we will discuss how to gain stamina and boost your endurance for life.
Understanding Stamina and Its Benefits
Stamina is the ability to sustain prolonged physical or mental effort. It is an essential component of physical fitness, and good stamina can improve your overall health and well-being. The benefits of having good stamina include:
- Improved physical performance
- Better mental clarity and focus
- Reduced risk of chronic diseases like diabetes, hypertension, and heart diseases
- Greater resistance to stress and fatigue
- Enhanced mood and better sleep
The Basic Principles of Building Endurance
Building endurance requires discipline and a combination of healthy habits. Here are the basic principles of building endurance:
- Consistency: Regular and consistent training is the key to building endurance. You should aim to exercise at least three to five times a week.
- Progressive overloading: Gradually increase the intensity and duration of your workouts to challenge your body and build endurance.
- Balanced diet: A balanced diet that provides sufficient nutrients and energy is essential for building endurance.
- Adequate rest: Rest and recovery are crucial for building endurance. You should aim to get at least seven to eight hours of sleep per night.
- Hydration: Staying hydrated is essential for endurance athletes. You should drink enough water and electrolytes to fuel your workouts and prevent dehydration.
Cardiovascular Endurance Training
Cardiovascular or aerobic exercise is one of the best ways to build endurance. Cardiovascular exercises increase your heart and breathing rates, which improves your circulatory and respiratory systems’ efficiency. Here are some examples of cardiovascular exercises:
- Running, jogging, or brisk walking
- Cycling or spinning
- Swimming or water aerobics
- Jumping rope
- Dancing or aerobics classes
You should aim to do at least 30 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous intensity cardiovascular exercise per day, preferably five times a week.
Strength training or resistance training is another effective way to build endurance. Strength training improves your muscle strength and endurance, which can enhance your overall physical performance. Here are some examples of strength training exercises:
- Weightlifting or bodyweight exercises
- Pilates or yoga
- Resistance bands or tubing
You should aim to do strength training exercises two to three times a week, targeting all major muscle groups.
High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT)
High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) is a popular form of training that combines short bursts of high-intensity exercise with periods of rest or low-intensity exercise. HIIT can improve your cardiovascular endurance, burn calories, and boost your metabolism. Here are some examples of HIIT exercises:
- Sprinting or cycling at maximum effort followed by recovery periods
- Circuit training or boot camp-style workouts
- Tabata-style workouts that involve 20 seconds of high-intensity exercise followed by 10 seconds of rest
HIIT workouts should last between 20 to 30 minutes, and you should aim to do them two to three times a week.
Optimizing Endurance with Nutrition
Nutrition plays a significant role in building endurance. Here are some tips on optimizing your nutrition for endurance:
- Eat a balanced diet that includes lean protein, complex carbohydrates, healthy fats, and plenty of fruits and vegetables.
- Stay hydrated by drinking enough water and electrolyte-rich fluids like coconut water or sports drinks.
- Avoid processed and sugary foods that can cause inflammation and impair your endurance.
- Eat a carbohydrate-rich meal or snack before prolonged exercise to fuel your workouts.
- Ensure adequate nutrient intake, particularly iron, magnesium, and zinc, which are crucial for endurance athletes.
The Importance of Rest and Recovery
Rest and recovery are crucial for building endurance. Overtraining can lead to fatigue, injury, and burnout. Here are some tips on optimizing your rest and recovery:
- Get enough sleep to allow your body to repair and regenerate properly.
- Take rest days to allow your body to recover and prevent injury.
- Avoid overtraining by gradually increasing the intensity and duration of your workouts.
- Use active recovery techniques like massage, stretching, and foam rolling to promote circulation and prevent muscle soreness.
Stress Management and Endurance
Stress can impair your endurance by increasing your cortisol levels and affecting your sleep and eating habits. Here are some tips for managing stress and improving your endurance:
- Practice stress-relief techniques like meditation, yoga, or breathing exercises to alleviate stress.
- Find healthy ways to cope with stress, like listening to music, spending time with loved ones, or pursuing hobbies you enjoy.
- Avoid overcommitting yourself and learn to say no to excessive demands on your time and energy.
- Get enough sleep to allow your body to regenerate and counteract the effects of stress.
Monitoring Your Progress
Monitoring your progress is essential to building endurance. Here are some ways to monitor your progress:
- Record your performances and track your progress over time.
- Use tools like fitness trackers or heart rate monitors to monitor your workouts.
- Assess how you feel after workouts and adjust your training accordingly.
- Get feedback from a coach or trainer to improve your technique and performance.
The Bottom Line
Gaining stamina and endurance requires discipline, patience, and a combination of healthy habits. Cardiovascular exercise, strength training, HIIT, nutrition, rest, and stress management are all essential components of building endurance. By following these principles, you can improve your physical and mental performance, reduce your risk of chronic diseases, and enhance your overall quality of life.
- Northoff, H., Weinstock, C., & Berg, A. (1990). The effects of physical exercise on self-concept and depression. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 12(3), 265-273.
- Wilkinson, J. G. (1992). The psychological and physiological effects of endurance exercise. Sports Medicine, 13(1), 37-49.
- Wong, S. H., Fang, C. C., Lee, W. L., & Shieh, K. R. (2005). Effects of cardiorespiratory fitness on fatigue and psychomotor performance. Military Medicine, 170(11), 934-938.
Frequently Asked Questions
- Q: How long does it take to build endurance?
A: Building endurance is a gradual process that requires consistency and patience. It can take several weeks or months, depending on your starting point and fitness level.
- Q: How often should I work out to gain stamina?
A: You should aim to work out at least three to five times a week to gain stamina. However, the frequency and duration of your workouts should be adjusted based on your fitness level and goals.
- Q: Can endurance training help me lose weight?
A: Yes, endurance training can help you lose weight by burning calories and boosting your metabolism. However, weight loss also depends on your diet and lifestyle habits.
- Q: Is it okay to work out every day?
A: It depends on the intensity and duration of your workouts. If you are doing low-to-moderate intensity exercise, it may be okay to work out every day. However, high-intensity exercise requires adequate rest and recovery, so you should take rest days to prevent overtraining and burnout.
- Q: Can nutrition affect my endurance performance?
A: Yes, nutrition is crucial for endurance performance. Eating a balanced diet that provides sufficient energy and nutrients can improve your endurance performance. On the other hand, a poor diet can impair your endurance and overall health. | <urn:uuid:243fcac2-0681-479c-bbe5-13d60e9f6509> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://e-adventure.net/how-to-gain-stamina-boost-your-endurance-for-life/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.908618 | 1,631 | 2.984375 | 3 |
Do you have a child who is having trouble behaving? If so, you may want to consider using a behavior chart. Behavior charts can be an extremely effective way to help children learn how to behave properly. This blog post will discuss the basics of behavior charts and provide tips on using them effectively.
What is a Behavior Chart?
A good behavior chart is a tool used to track and monitor children’s behavior. It usually consists of a list of desired behaviors the child should aim to achieve. The child is then given a sticker or marker for each desired behavior that they exhibit. Once the child has earned a certain number of stickers, they are typically rewarded with a prize.
What are the Basics of a Behavior Chart?
A behavior chart is a visual tool used to track a child’s progress in meeting desired behaviors. The chart typically includes a list of desired behaviors. The child earns a sticker or marks each day they meet the behavior goals. The child can then use the stickers or marks to redeem prizes or privileges.
How Can I Use a Behavior Chart Effectively?
You can do a few things to ensure that your behavior chart is effective. These include;
Choose realistic and age-appropriate behaviors– If the goals are too difficult, the child will become frustrated and give up.
Consider your child’s needs– Ensure the rewards for meeting the behavior goals are something your child truly wants.
Be consistent with using the chart– If you only use it occasionally, the child will not take it seriously.
What are the Benefits of Using a Behavior Chart?
They help train kids to adopt the right behavior– A behavior chart is an excellent way to teach kids the desired behavior.
They improve communication between parents and children– The chart provides a visual representation of the child’s progress, which can help to improve communication between parents and children.
They provide positive reinforcement– The child receives praise and rewards for meeting the behavior goals, which helps to reinforce desired behaviors.
Promote bond between parents and kids– A behavior chart can help to promote a stronger bond between parents and kids as they work together towards common goals.
How does Behavior Chart Work?
They build character: A behavior chart helps instil character traits such as patience, diligence, and perseverance in children.
Offers immediate feedback: These charts provide immediate feedback to children on their behavior. This helps them understand what behaviors are expected of them. They help kids learn to take responsibility for their actions: A behavior chart teaches them that they are responsible for their actions and choices.
Promotes social-emotional learning: A behavior chart helps kids learn to regulate their emotions and develop empathy for others.
If you are looking for a way to help your child improve their behavior, consider using a behavior chart. With some planning and consistency, you can use this tool effectively to help your child learn how to behave properly. Try using a behavior chart today. | <urn:uuid:ebe27eb7-1184-4aa8-b28e-04995a65f214> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://educationaltrainingcompany.com/behavior-charts-for-kids-how-to-get-your-child-to-behave/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.934529 | 599 | 3.1875 | 3 |
Stacey Isaac Berahzer is a Senior Project Director for the Environmental Finance Center at the University of North Carolina, and works from a satellite office in Georgia.
Water rate increases can get even more controversial when there is the perception that the related increase in revenue is going to fund government activities other than water service.
With the economic downturn, local governments are having a harder time balancing their budgets and the temptation to draw from utility funds becomes harder to resist. Stories are popping up in the press, such as objections over a 59% (utility) rate increase over a 13-year period, in order to hold millage rates steady in one local government. Several factors play into whether this is an unusually high rate of increase. Inflation is one important factor. In the last ten years, the Consumer Price Index (CPI) measure of inflation rose by more than 25%. The power of compounding involved with annual rate increases over the 13 years is also an important consideration. But, if we compared this increase to, say about 2,000 utilities from six states across the country, would the 59% be an outlier?
For the states of Ohio and Wisconsin, where the data in the chart below goes back 13 years, this 59% actually falls within the grey-shaded interquartile range, or middle 50% of utilities.
But, even if the degree of rate increase is on par with other water utilities, are the revenues generated from the higher rates being inappropriately used to bail out other sectors of the local government?
Fund Accounting 101
Local government accounting involves maintaining a series of “funds” for explicit purposes. The diagram below depicts the types of funds. The two that are most relevant here are the general and enterprise funds.
The idea is for utility enterprise funds to be independent of the parent city or county government.
As the name suggests, the “general fund” is basically the default fund. It is used to account for general operations and activities that do not require the use of other funds. The general fund is chiefly comprised of property and sales tax revenue paid to the local government.
A special type of proprietary fund, the “enterprise fund,” is used for services provided to the public on a user charge basis, similar to the operation of a commercial enterprise. Water and wastewater utilities are common examples of government enterprises.
Normal and repeated transfers in/out of an enterprise fund are not recommended practice. A local government that needs to consistently subsidize its utility by transfers from the general fund to the enterprise fund is missing the mark of fund distinction/independence. Significant transfers to the general fund may also raise questions of equity. If the citizens of a city, for example, are paying more in property taxes in order to subsidize a water utility, while water utility customers outside the city limit are not contributing to the utility via taxes, this may represent an inequitable scenario.
In Practice, Lines are harder to Draw
In reality, the majority of local governments have some interplay among these different funds, some more easily justified than others.
The Spectrum of Fund Interactions
1. Fund Transfer – In its least defensible form, this would involve a transfer, almost, if not every year from the utility fund to the general fund. To be really hard to justify, the transfer would be large, relative to the overall budget of the water utility, and the amount would change from year to year, just depending on the amount of shortfall in the general fund for a given year.
2. Return on Investment – In this case, a water utility provides a payment to the parent government due to some, almost philosophical, understanding that the local government ultimately is the entity that incurs the “risk” involved in large debt etc. on behalf of the utility.
3. Franchise Fee – Typically, franchise agreements establish the terms under which a utility may use the municipal right of way. This rental fee is often a specified percentage of the utility’s gross receipts within the municipality but can be determined based on other factors. While more common for external entities such as private cable service providers, franchise fees are paid by some government water utilities to their parent local governments.
4. Payment in Lieu of Taxes – This is where money is transferred from the water utility to the general fund under the principle that the local government would have received a related amount in taxes had the utility property been owned by a private, taxed entity.
5. Cost Allocation – As far as money moving from an enterprise fund to the general fund goes, this one can actually be considered a best practice. Here, there is a method for determining the proportion of a centrally provided service, such as information technology, human resources, accounting and facility maintenance that is attributed to the utility. Ideally, these services are initially paid through the general fund, or an internal service fund, and charged back to the departments and programs that directly benefited from them. The process should begin with an allocation plan that outlines the protocol. The plan can include specifics such as square footage as an appropriate factor to allocate janitorial costs. In terms of local government personnel, it is certain that some local government officials, not directly employed at the water utility, spend a portion of their time on utility issues. Determining how much, for instance, of a County Manager’s time is spent on the water/sewer system and allocating a percentage of his/her salary from the water/sewer budget is a different matter than a simple “fund transfer.” Local governments are encouraged to try to determine this percentage and allocate it as such. For a simple example, the County Manager may keep a log of the number of phone calls he/she is involved in that relate to the water/sewer fund. If, on average, two out of 10 calls for the day relate to water and sewer issues, then this helps make the case for 20% of the manager’s salary to come from the water/sewer utility budget. The goal would be to employ a defensible process for allocating the percentage of time.
How credit rating agencies view these movements of money is worth mentioning. According to Standard & Poor’s, what is most important in a transfer from a public enterprise fund to the general fund of the governing body is that the transfer is “well-researched, flexible, consistent, and well-communicated.” How a utility reacts, or better yet, anticipates its operating environment largely factors into a utility’s rating.
There may be a myriad of unfortunate cases where the water utility is seen as the “cash cow” that a poorly-run local government can rely on to prop-up its general budget. In the end, the utility owes it to itself (and its customers) to employ at least some of these avenues to tease out the cost of its own core business from the, usually, undeniable benefits it enjoys from its relationship with the parent government. Water rate increases may become easier to explain, if not more palatable.
Water rate increases get controversial when people think the revenue is going to fund other government activities: http://t.co/4YIIUZWPI5
— Envr. Finance Center (@EFCatUNC) September 27, 2013 | <urn:uuid:ec857439-e6c2-47dd-8cce-f541c39d92ff> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://efc.web.unc.edu/2013/09/27/fund-transfer-workarounds/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.947309 | 1,498 | 2.65625 | 3 |
A fast-moving plant might sound like the stuff of science fiction, but the reality is that our planet’s greenery is far from static. Come with us to discover rapid growers, spore-spreading explosions, and snappy aquatic predators – it’s time to meet the fastest plants on Earth.
Traditionally, bamboo has been thought of as the world’s fastest-growing plant. It’s still listed as such on the Guinness World Records website, which states that some species of bamboo grow at a rate of 0.00003 kilometers per hour (0.00002 miles per hour), adding an extra 91 centimeters (35 inches) to its height each day.
However, recent research has suggested a new contender for the crown: duckweed. The term duckweed refers to a number of aquatic plant species within the genus Wolffia, including the smallest flowering plant in the world. But what Wolffia lacks in size, they more than make up for in speed. Endemic to India, the species W. microscopica grows so rapidly that it doubles its size in just 29.3 hours.
Fun fact: duckweed is surprisingly high in protein and researchers are exploring if it could be grown in “space gardens”.
Image credit: SKphotographer/Shutterstock.com
Why do they grow so fast? Some researchers think that it’s down to ditching the light and dark cycle that normally regulates plant growth. “Surprisingly, Wolffia only has half the number of genes that are regulated by light/dark cycles compared to other plants,” said Todd Michael, author of a study investigating Wolffia growth, in a statement. “We think this is why it grows so fast. It doesn’t have the regulations that limit when it can grow.”
It’s also dumped a number of other genes, including those involved with root growth and defense mechanisms. As Michael explained, “It seems to have evolved to focus only on uncontrolled, fast growth.”
Sphagnum mosses play a critical role in the formation of peat bogs, storing water, providing nutrients, and preventing the decay of dead vegetation – and they also rapidly explode. The mosses spread using spores, which are contained within a spore capsule. During the summer months, the capsules dry and shrink; this puts enough pressure on the capsule that, sooner or later, it bursts open, sending the spores flying.
Researchers Joan Edwards and Dwight Whitaker captured this in action, as part of a study exploring Sphagnum spore dispersal. They discovered that the cap covering the capsule flew off in less than 0.01 milliseconds. “It’s so fast you can’t really measure it,” said Edwards, speaking to New Scientist. The spores themselves initially accelerated with a g-force of 36,000. For context, the g-force experienced in a space shuttle launch is around 3 g – so these spores are moving fast.
While triffids thankfully remain fictional, carnivorous plants do exist. You might be thinking of the famous snap of a Venus fly trap right now, but there’s a genus of aquatic plants that nab their prey even faster. Aquatic bladderworts snack on a number of tiny prey, ranging from insect larvae to young tadpoles, and they do so impressively fast.
A study in 2017 used a high-speed camera to capture the southern bladderwort (Utricularia australis) sucking in its prey at velocities up to 4 meters per second and with accelerations up to a whopping 2,800 g. After some unfortunate creature makes contact with a trigger hair, the entire process of the southern bladderwort opening its trapdoor (which loosely resembles a bladder), sucking in its prey, and closing the door occurs within 9 milliseconds, on average. That’s a pretty powerful plant.
What we can take from this is that you don’t mess with plants – they’re faster than you think. | <urn:uuid:7bed450e-d077-4922-b36b-9bbcaad7a254> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://egy24.com/en/245202 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.936238 | 844 | 3.390625 | 3 |
The second lesson highlights some of the most important EU and international organisations for citizens. These organisations enable citizens to participate in global democratic processes and encourage them to explore the possibilities for their participation in the field of human rights and sustainable development.
Therefore in this lesson, your students will discover the key information about these organisations, which promote democratic processes, human rights and sustainable development. Besides, it will introduce them to some of the relevant international documents and agreements, and explore different possibilities of participation in the role of active citizens. Finally, it will assist them in becoming even more aware of global interconnectedness and interdependence. | <urn:uuid:6859e61d-9512-476c-a62b-11d7691a268a> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://elearning.politeiaproject.eu/handbook-for-teachers/organisations-and-goals/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.907485 | 123 | 3.21875 | 3 |
The power of art to inspire, comfort and motivate is widely recognized. The more mysterious forces of art reveal that there is more to art than meets the eye. The ancient Greeks believed that color and music had inherent powers to affect their viewers. Modern research may be beginning to prove them right.
Part of the mysterious power of art involves the science of geometric figures. For example, some authors have collected evidence suggesting that placing objects in pyramids can have almost supernatural results. Food can be preserved without refrigeration and blunt knives can miraculously become sharp.
The new field of biogeometry also suggests that the shape of objects is directly related to their ability to help or harm living beings. A cell phone, the theory posits, can be designed in such a way that its physical form counteracts any potentially harmful radiation. Likewise, homes can be designed to offset the effects of geopathic stress.
In the spiritual realm, geometric shapes have long been used for meditation and to induce trance-like states. Mandalas and Yantras are traditional art forms used for spiritual purposes. Some art historians believe that stained glass windows in churches are extremely effective in creating an aura of mystery and majesty for religious ceremonies due to the effects on the human brain of the movement of sunlight through stained glass.
More extreme examples of the phenomenon of the power of color and sound are the flashing lights in modern nightclubs and bars. At the height of the disco era, dancers were known to pass out due to sensory overload. Psychologists also believe that sensory overload through the combination of loud, rhythmic music and strobe lights reduces interpersonal inhibitions.
Recent studies on epilepsy confirm that some types of seizures can be triggered by color and sound patterns. On a positive note, moving patterns of color and shape were also used in a UK hospital to reduce a woman’s need for pain medication during childbirth.
In our world of ubiquitous multimedia stimulation, the power of art and multimedia to both heal and harm can be a fertile field for ongoing research and increasingly practical applications.
#Mysterious #Power #Art
Thanks to Kathleen Karlsen | <urn:uuid:ec99bc25-23e0-45aa-8ee3-93a31ffc4989> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://elearningweblog.com/the-mysterious-power-of-art/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.944728 | 427 | 3.328125 | 3 |
Almost a billion people a month use the maps of the largest search engine in the world. Maps help you find the route, show the most interesting bicycle paths, inform about traffic jams and public transport. Recently, each person can create them himself. How did it all start and how does Google Maps it work?
How Google Maps works – introduction
Hundreds of years ago, maps showed seas and land, helping people to better understand the world around them. Their existence was necessary. Today, various types of maps are used by the military and children in geography lessons. The present ones are created for a world that is changing rapidly. When transferred to paper, they cannot evolve as fast as today’s reality, nor adapt to the changes on an ongoing basis. In such conditions, digital maps displayed on the screens of devices used by us every day work well. Using all the information available on the Internet, maps show not only the physical space, but also the social one. Let’s take a simple everyday example: Today is Friday morning, before you start your well-deserved weekend, you still have a business meeting in the city center. You wake up, check the map on your phone, which shows the route, taking into account traffic problems, weather conditions outside the window and, in addition, predicts how long it will take you to get there. Traffic is fluid and the sun is shining – so you stay in bed 20 minutes longer. By combining information from all the applications you use, such as calendar, email, and maps, you can get useful tips faster than you can think of them.
Now imagine that you are on your way to the meeting, but there was an accident on the road – something no one could have foreseen. All vehicles are stationary. Your smartphone or tablet is back in action: it extracts information about the obstacle on the road from the Internet, determines your current location and suggests the best detour – all this happens automatically. Importantly, you do not have to stop driving to look at the device screen every now and then, the directions can be read out loud. But before powerful satellite imagery and virtual maps could appear on portable devices, it took years of testing and perfecting. | <urn:uuid:0d7a4895-226e-4720-b789-339e77edc249> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://en.jotem.in/how-google-maps-works-we-build-maps-from-behind-the-scenes/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.947534 | 450 | 3.21875 | 3 |
Packed everything? Then send the backpack to yourself or your companion and set off.
8th grade students from the Jeannette Wolffs School from Dortmund were guests at the Biological Station in the Zwillbrocker Venn in Vreden and dealt with the effects of human trafficking on the forest on the Nature Action Day.
The 8th grade of the Jeannette Wolffs School drove to the Biological Station Zwillbrock to find out more about the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations (UN) and the various tasks of the forest. A selection of the various goals from the topics: culture, politics, ecology, economy and social issues were discussed in the chair group. In the subsequent active question and answer session, each student was able to express his or her own opinion on given questions. This was followed by a digital nature adventure rally in the area around the Zwillbrocker Venn. In small groups, the students set out to answer assignments on local issues as well as general nature conservation issues. Background information rounded off the biparcours. The rally covered all 17 goals for a world worth living in and on the way the nature reserve was explored by the participants.
In the premises of the biological station, the questions of the biparcours app were discussed afterwards and the opinions of the students were asked again.
Due to the active discussion of the 17 sustainability goals, the questions in the opening round were now answered differently by some students at the end of the nature action day and a rethinking became clear.
The nature action day was made possible by the mediation and support of the Association of Germans Naturparke e. V., as well as through the financial participation of the company Kaufland, who have set themselves the goal of offering school classes with a high proportion of children from socially disadvantaged families a nature experience trip to a neighboring Naturpark to enable, as these children often have few opportunities for nature experience. The nature action day was organized by the Naturpark Hohe Mark e. V. | <urn:uuid:fb51d0c3-e418-4a70-9336-96fb9f319e8d> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://en.naturpark-hohe-mark.de/news/lebensraum-wald-im-wandel-der-zeit-naturaktionstag/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.969263 | 420 | 2.53125 | 3 |
40 Irregular Verbs List, V1 V2 V3 Form
Table of Contents
Use of Verbs and Verb Types
Words that describe a movement, a situation, or an event in a sentence are called “verbs”. In terms of English grammar, verbs should also be used correctly in a sentence. Verb types and the use of these varieties are required for a correct sentence structure and a correct meaning. It is possible to see that verbs are grouped under two general headings in grammar. The verbs are more detailed in these 2 main headings.
Non-Stative Verbs or Action Verbs
The verbs under this title directly describe what the subject is busy with at that moment. In particular, these verbs contain visible, in other words, concrete action and situations. The use of such verbs is known as the Simple Present Tense and the Present Continuous Tense.
- My mother is cleaning the house now.
- She plays sports every morning.
- I’m doing dinner tonight.
- He is holding a large package in his hand. | <urn:uuid:3168133c-c3e5-4d9b-940f-4017ea7b814a> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://englishvocabs.com/verbs/40-irregular-verbs-list-v1-v2-v3-form/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.668584 | 221 | 4.03125 | 4 |
How much salt should your horse get on a daily basis? Certainly, it’s more than I thought.
Researchers in Michigan measured the daily salt consumption of 12 horses during the hottest months of the year from the beginning of May to the end of August. Salt consumption averaged 0.64 ounces per horse in May and rose each month to a high of 3.18 ounces per horse in August.
Think about it: a cup of Diamond Crystal salt weighs about 8 ounces. That means that these horses were eating almost a half a cup of salt per day. Keep in mind that a cup of Kosher salt only weighs about 5 ounces, so if you are inclined in that direction, you’re looking at even more volume.
Better make sure those horses have access to a lot of fresh water! | <urn:uuid:c4b2beca-5c8c-4719-9868-eed3963a5212> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://equineink.com/2008/08/09/how-much-salt-does-your-horse-need/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.964265 | 164 | 2.75 | 3 |
According to a show is watched, people believed in multiple God’s for a long time until many years after the earth was formed; then, the Jews started talking about one God. If this is true, how did God tell the Jews about one God and when? If this is true, did the pagans (before the Jews talked of one God) have a chance to know about God? Did God find a way to show himself to them years before the Jews started talking about God? ‘
First of all, there were no people for about the first 4.5 billion years after the earth formed. People have only been around for a few tens of thousands of years. No one knows exactly what all people believed in the distant past. In fact we know extremely little about what people believed thousands of years ago, at least from archaeological evidence. We have to speculate. You should take the confident statements you hear in such shows with a big grain of salt. (Of course you might want to take what I say with a grain of salt as well, but I hope to be more cautious in my conclusions)
Having said this, the evidence leads to a broad conclusion, which is that most primitive people had a religion which could broadly be defined as animism. They saw "spirits" in rocks, trees, animals, streams–in both animate and inanimate objects. Later, more sophisticated societies arose which moved more in the direction of polytheism–believing an a kind of pantheon of personal human-like gods on a higher plane of existence. Polytheism was the brand of religion most common in the Near East at the time Judaism arose about 1500 BC or so.
Now that I have given an extremely simplified and overly simplistic background to what we DO know, this simplification does not explain all the religious beliefs of all people. By 1500 BC, polytheism in India was beginning to evolve into a mixture of polytheism and pantheism–the view that God is impersonal and that he fills the universe. I believe that we ought to assume that there were a very wide variety of religious beliefs in the ancient world.
Add to this the fact that there were believers in the one true God in the ancient past. Noah believed in the one true God, as did Job. Neither were Jewish. According to the biblical picture, there have always or nearly always been some people who believed in a single God who created the universe and who created us humans. The Bible pictures these "patriarchs" receiving knowledge of God directly by him speaking to them. This certainly was the case with Noah and his sons. We are less sure with Job how he knew of the God of Israel. Possibly God revealed himself to this partiarch directly, or perhaps Job learned about God from those who came before him. We know that Melchizedek, a contemporary of Abraham believed in the one God as well. Abraham came from a family, all of whom, it appears, believed in this same single God. His father Terah, as well as his brother Laban believed in this same God. God spoke to Abraham directly. How he spoke to others who believed in God at the time, we are not sure, but it is possible that God communicated with and spoke his will to some of these patriarchs as well.
It is possible that there have been believers in the true God in various parts of the world, on every continent. However, such knowledge has not come down to us. We are not justified in assuming either that such believers did or did not exist, but it certainly is possible. Virtually all ancient people have left us no record at all. The Bible is really unique as a consistent story of a people which stretches back so far in time.
So, we have a few hints in Genesis of a number of believers in the God who the Jews eventually accepted as their God–the real one! This evidence stretches a thousand years before Moses and perhaps many thousands of years before him, to include Job, Noah Melchizedek, the extended family of Abraham and probably many more we do not know of. | <urn:uuid:1a405c6d-7613-4235-b4d1-546bbd82d4a9> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://evidenceforchristianity.org/how-did-the-jews-learn-about-god-and-how-did-those-before-the-jews-learn-about-god/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.981883 | 840 | 2.75 | 3 |
I am wondering how the wiper resistance influences the output voltage of a
digital potentiometer in voltage divider. In the AD5161 datasheet, there is
equation (4) on page 16 where Vw depends on Rwiper. Is this equation correct
(except the Raw replaced by 256)?
I’ll say that the correct equation should looks like:
Vw(D)= Va∙Rwb(D)/Rab + Vb∙Rwa(D)/Rab
Where Rwb(D) and Rwa(D) is the resistance between w and b/a terminals at any
There is an article that explain how is the internal digiPOT architecture,
The wiper resistance in a digiPOT is the resistance due to the internal
As there are always connected switches in the main signal path, the wiper
resistance effect should be add. | <urn:uuid:ea23c50c-fc2a-42d7-b324-120a7c42b575> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://ez.analog.com/data_converters/precision_dacs/w/documents/3557/ad5161-error-in-equation-4-effect-of-wiper-resistance-vw | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.85758 | 190 | 2.5625 | 3 |
Introduction: Frege and Russell (01:18)
The work on which Frege and Russell each began concerned mainly mathematics and logic, but its implications have dominated subsequent English-speaking philosophy. This program will avoid mathematical technicality but examine these implications.
Backgrounds of Frege and Russell (02:12)
Magee discusses Frege's and Russell's lives and works. Frege's work was unknown until Russell drew attention to it.
Frege's Goal (00:55)
Frege found mathematics insufficiently precise; even Euclid made assumptions he did not make explicit. He developed a more rigorous notation.
Frege's Approach (01:49)
Frege sought to ground arithmetic in pure logic by defining mathematical concepts in logical terms or showing it as deducible from logical premises.
Logic as Objective (01:51)
Before Frege, laws of logic were regarded as laws of thought. Frege held that the validity of a proof could not depend on our psychology, attacking Husserl and German idealism and developing a theory of meaning.
Sense and Reference (03:13)
Frege introduced the distinction between sense and reference. A.J. Ayer explains the distinction.
Philosophy Moves Toward Logic (01:08)
The theory of knowledge was long the dominant concern of philosophy. Anglo-American philosophy has shifted its focus to logic and questions about meaning; Frege has been influential.
Dummett Exaggerates on Frege (01:27)
Ayer disputes Dummett's claim that Frege revolutionized philosophy by dethroning the theory of knowledge; the study of meaning dates to Socrates and encompasses its own theory of knowledge.
Russell Finds Contradiction in Frege (02:32)
Russell did work Frege had already done before discovering him. Russell exposed a fatal deficiency in Frege's system. Frege thought his life's work had been demolished.
Frege Ignored (01:25)
Prior to Russell's discovery of Frege, his ideas were ignored in England because he wrote in German, and in Germany because Germans were committed to a psychological view of logic.
Revival of Logic (01:45)
The science of logic had been static since Aristotle but exploded as a result of Russell's and Frege's work. The effect has been to subdue logic to mathematics, whereas the reverse was Russell's and Frege's goal.
Russell Moves to Philosophy (03:26)
Apart from the theory of description, there is little connection between Russell's logic and his work in general philosophy. Rather, Russell simply follows in the British empiricist tradition in philosophy.
Russell's Interest in Justification (01:28)
Connecting Russell's logic his philosophy is his interest in justification; his empiricism sought to justify science in terms of sense data. When learning geometry at twelve, he agreed only provisionally to accept axioms.
Russell's Empiricism (03:22)
During most of his life, Russell believed in the existence of a physical world merely as the best explanation for sensory experiences. During one period, he believed every scientific statement could be reduced to sensory experience.
Justification, Metaphysics and Science (02:17)
Russell's effort to insure that our beliefs related to evidence sweeps aside metaphysics. Russell sought justification for science and found that it required assumptions taken on faith.
Russell's Influence (01:56)
In logic, Russell was influential, but when it came to applying logic to philosophy, it was his contemporaries like Whitehead who influenced him. Other thinkers swayed him toward and away from idealism.
Russell and Analytic Philosophy (01:29)
Russell persuaded subsequent philosophers that since science is sovereign, all philosophy could do is elucidate and analyze. Believing philosophical problems had solutions, he opposed purely linguistic philosophy.
Russell's Influence on Ayer (02:19)
Ayer traces to Russell's direct influence his own view that a philosopher should start with sense data, his Humean rejection of causal necessity, his rejection of metaphysics, and his belief that philosophical questions have answers.
Russell's Status Post-WWII (02:53)
After WWII, Russell was downgraded due to an upgrading of Moore, the philosopher of common sense, Ayer says. Magee counters that many major names of the time were influenced by Russell.
Frege Revival (02:30)
Ayers discusses the works and thinkers who led the Frege revival but doesn't know what caused it and doesn't think it had lasting importance.
Russell's Value (00:50)
Ayers believes Russell's influence will last; his answers will require consideration, and his conception of philosophy as consisting of clarification, analysis and justification of important beliefs is correct. His clear prose is valuable.
Credits: Frege, Russell, and Modern Logic (00:45)
Credits: Frege, Russell, and Modern Logic
For additional digital leasing and purchase options contact a media consultant at 800-257-5126
(press option 3) or [email protected]. | <urn:uuid:a86ded34-4ab0-4d0e-b2e5-9cb6218625e5> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://films.com/title/7292 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.960319 | 1,061 | 4.03125 | 4 |
The Role of Continued Education in Sustainable Development
Sustainable development is a concept that has gained significant attention in recent years, as societies around the world grapple with the challenges of climate change, resource depletion, and social inequality. At its core, sustainable development seeks to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Achieving this goal requires a holistic approach that addresses economic, social, and environmental dimensions. One crucial element in this endeavor is continued education, which plays a vital role in promoting sustainable development at both the individual and societal levels. This article explores the importance of continued education in sustainable development and highlights its various benefits and challenges.
1. Enhancing Awareness and Understanding
Continued education plays a crucial role in enhancing awareness and understanding of sustainable development issues. By providing individuals with the knowledge and skills necessary to comprehend the complex interplay between economic, social, and environmental factors, continued education empowers them to make informed decisions and take responsible actions. For example, courses on sustainable agriculture can educate farmers about the importance of soil conservation, water management, and biodiversity preservation, enabling them to adopt more sustainable farming practices.
Furthermore, continued education can help individuals understand the interconnectedness of global challenges and the need for collective action. For instance, a course on climate change might explore the impacts of greenhouse gas emissions on both local and global scales, highlighting the importance of reducing carbon footprints at individual, community, and national levels. By fostering a sense of global citizenship and responsibility, continued education can motivate individuals to contribute to sustainable development efforts.
2. Building Capacity for Sustainable Practices
Continued education is instrumental in building the capacity of individuals and communities to engage in sustainable practices. It equips them with the necessary skills and competencies to address sustainability challenges effectively. For instance, courses on renewable energy technologies can train individuals to design, install, and maintain solar panels or wind turbines, enabling them to contribute to the transition towards clean energy sources.
Moreover, continued education can foster innovation and creativity by encouraging individuals to think critically and develop sustainable solutions to complex problems. By providing opportunities for hands-on learning and practical experiences, continued education enables individuals to apply their knowledge in real-world contexts. For example, a workshop on sustainable urban planning might challenge participants to design a neighborhood that maximizes energy efficiency, promotes walkability, and enhances social cohesion.
3. Promoting Sustainable Business Practices
Continued education plays a vital role in promoting sustainable business practices, which are essential for achieving sustainable development goals. By providing individuals with the knowledge and skills necessary to integrate sustainability into business operations, continued education can drive the transition towards more environmentally friendly and socially responsible practices.
For instance, courses on sustainable supply chain management can educate business professionals about the importance of ethical sourcing, waste reduction, and carbon footprint reduction. Armed with this knowledge, they can make informed decisions that minimize the environmental and social impacts of their organizations’ supply chains. Similarly, courses on sustainable finance can equip financial professionals with the tools and techniques to assess and invest in environmentally and socially responsible projects.
4. Fostering Collaboration and Partnerships
Continued education plays a crucial role in fostering collaboration and partnerships among various stakeholders involved in sustainable development. By bringing together individuals from diverse backgrounds and sectors, continued education creates opportunities for interdisciplinary learning and collaboration.
For example, a workshop on sustainable cities might bring together urban planners, architects, engineers, policymakers, and community leaders to discuss and develop innovative solutions for urban sustainability. Through such collaborations, participants can leverage their respective expertise and perspectives to address complex sustainability challenges more effectively.
Furthermore, continued education can facilitate partnerships between academia, industry, and civil society organizations. These partnerships can promote knowledge exchange, research collaboration, and the implementation of sustainable development initiatives. For instance, a university might collaborate with a local NGO and a renewable energy company to develop a training program on solar panel installation for marginalized communities.
5. Overcoming Challenges and Barriers
While continued education offers numerous benefits for sustainable development, it also faces several challenges and barriers that need to be addressed. One significant challenge is the lack of access to quality education, particularly in developing countries and marginalized communities. Limited resources, inadequate infrastructure, and social inequalities can hinder individuals’ ability to access and benefit from continued education opportunities.
Another challenge is the need for continuous learning and adaptation in the face of rapidly evolving sustainability issues. As new scientific discoveries and technological advancements emerge, continued education programs must keep pace to ensure that individuals are equipped with the most up-to-date knowledge and skills. This requires ongoing investment in research and development, as well as collaboration between educational institutions and other stakeholders.
Furthermore, continued education programs must be designed and delivered in a way that is inclusive, participatory, and culturally sensitive. They should consider the diverse needs, backgrounds, and learning styles of individuals to ensure that everyone can fully engage and benefit from the educational experience.
Continued education plays a vital role in promoting sustainable development by enhancing awareness and understanding, building capacity for sustainable practices, promoting sustainable business practices, fostering collaboration and partnerships, and overcoming challenges and barriers. By equipping individuals with the knowledge and skills necessary to address sustainability challenges, continued education empowers them to contribute to a more sustainable future.
However, to fully harness the potential of continued education in sustainable development, it is essential to address the challenges and barriers that hinder access and participation. By investing in quality education, promoting interdisciplinary collaboration, and ensuring inclusivity, continued education can become a powerful tool for driving sustainable development at both the individual and societal levels. | <urn:uuid:73b474cb-d6b3-4e2c-989e-f425c177d9a1> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://focustrak.com/the-role-of-continued-education-in-sustainable-development/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.928886 | 1,129 | 3.625 | 4 |
World War II brought about special issues of one-dollar bills in 1942. Also: if the piece is in the minor key it is very likely that there will be several accidentals in the piece which sharpen the 7th note of the scale (in this case changing a lot of the Ds to D sharps). The renderings used were the typical official government versions used since the 1880s. Sometimes music changes key (modulates) during a piece. A small number of these $1 bills entered circulation and the rest were kept in Treasury vaults until 1949 when they were issued in Puerto Rico.. The inclusion of the motto, "In God We Trust," on all currency was required by law in 1955, and first appeared on paper money in 1957. You can text to 864-430-4020 if that is easier for you. The next change came in 1957 when the $1 bill became the first piece of paper U.S. currency to bear the motto IN GOD WE TRUST; it was added over the word ONE on the reverse. Humberto added Playable We Are Number One to Songs Board Humberto's VP Sheets. We had a COBOL/400 professor (showing my age here) who let us do that for his exams. The absence of "FW" indicates the bill was printed at the main facility in Washington, D.C.. Both are wrapped in Gorilla Glass 6 with metal frames; feature center-mounted Infinity-O hole-punch front-facing cameras up top, set within near bezel-less displays; and lack headphone jacks for the first time in Note history. If the composer wants a C sharp he writes a sharp sign in front of the C that needs to be sharpened. Another example is replacement notes, which have a star to the right of the serial number. On November 29, 2012, a House subcommittee met to consider replacing the dollar bill. A better known test was done in 1942 during World War II to test alternative types of paper. Special Silver Certificates were also issued as payment for Allied troops in North Africa about to begin their assault into Europe. Instead of printing one side of a square sheet of 32 notes at a time, the web-fed press used 96 engraved images or plate-cylinder to print the back of the note, then another 96 image engraved plate-cylinder to print the front of the note. This occurred with that year's passage of the Silver Purchase Act, which led to a large increase in dollar bills backed by that metal. The reverse was also changed to its current design, except for the absence of IN GOD WE TRUST. The Federal Reserve says the average life of a $1 bill in circulation is 6.6 years before it is replaced because of wear. Below the FRB seal (to the left of George Washington) is the signature of the Treasurer of the United States, and below the USDT Seal (right side) is the Secretary of the Treasury's signature. The Treasury seal was moved to the right and superimposed over ONE, and a blue numeral 1 was added to the left. In a very basic sense, it tells a performer what to play and when to play it. On the edges are olive branches entwined around the 1s. The first one-dollar bills were issued as silver certificates under Series of 1928. Download Pdf Simple time signatures are the most common kind of time signature and they pop up regularly in popular music due to the clear, easy to determine beats. A plate position (check) number is normally found to the left of the eagle. In 1964, the redemption of Silver Certificates for silver coin ended and in 1968 the redemption of Silver Certificates for silver bullion ended. Very low serial numbers, or a long block of the same or repeating digits may also be of interest to specialists. Choose comfortable cotton, pretty knitted varieties and net detail one-piece dresses. Some people noticed that the 1963 Dallas note, with the number "11" and a "K" surrounded by a black seal, appeared about the time President John F. Kennedy was shot in Dallas in November 1963. ", "Over a Single Dollar Bill, a NASA Scientist Remains Trapped in a Turkish Prison", "Turkey's war on the US one dollar bill to justify persecution of its critics", "How Did a NASA Scientist Get in Turkish Prison? The opening cuts to Luffy running in the Mirro-World, with mirrors and mirror shards flying all around him. The eagle's breast is covered by a heraldic shield with 13 stripes that resemble those on the American flag. Secondly, it helps the player to think in the key (music) of the piece. An accidental is always written before the note it belongs to (we say “C sharp” but we write the sharp sign and then the note C). Series 1935A notes made of the special paper and were printed with a red "S" to the right of the treasury seal, while notes of the control group were printed with a red R. Because they have some collector value, fake red S's and R's have been applied to regular Series 1935A notes to try to pass them at a higher value; checking a note's serial numbers can prevent this. The higher up on the staff a note is placed, the higher the pitch. It may also be because the piece is modal. It shows which notes have to be changed into sharps or flats. They included a regular run and a star note run from the Richmond FRB, with serial numbers ranging from E76800001H through E80640000H and E07052001* through E07680000* (note that many sources incorrectly identify the star range as Philadelphia instead of Richmond). HAWAII was printed vertically on the left and right side of the obverse and also horizontally across the reverse. "How long is the life span of U.S. paper money? This should be explained at the top of the music. The latest report claimed that switching to dollar coins would save $4.4 billion over thirty years. No conclusive results were found. Sheet music is available for Piano, Voice, Guitar with 4 scorings and 2 notations in 4 genres. Billie Jean PelleK. A small plate serial number-letter combination is on the lower right, and a small plate position (check) letter is on the upper left corner of the note. See the "Quick guide on how to read the letter notes" , at the bottom of this post, to help you understand how to read the letter note sheet music below. A brief record, especially one written down to aid the memory: took notes on the lecture. Key of C Sharp. This will last for the rest of the bar (measure). If he wants a B flat he has to write it in. We Are! As an example: in a piece in G major all Fs are F sharps. The Straw Hats then appear in front of the Sunny before dissolving into differently colored rays of lightsthat shoot up toward the sky. One can tell from the key signature what key a piece is in so long as one knows whether it is major or minor (see “mode”). Pop/Stars PelleK. From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Key_signature&oldid=6786813, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. Contact us at your convenience (via email or phone) to get our offer on your $1,000 bank note. 331Erock) PelleK. One of the things that makes Death Note such a joy to experience for the first time is that the main rivals, Light and L, always seem to be thinking and moving at least one step ahead of the viewer. Each of the Straw Hats are shown one by one, doing a different pose before the title logo appears. We consider $1,000 bills to be a specialty of ours. The time signature, however, is only written at the beginning of the piece (the order is: clef – key signature – time signature). We once paid more than $20,000 for a very rare example. Thus they are very common. note synonyms, note pronunciation, note translation, English dictionary definition of note. The differences are less about design, then, and all about size. ONE-PIECE DRESS DESIGNS TAILOR-MADE FOR YOU At Myntra, our one-piece dress brands feature amazing fits, style and fabrics suitable for different body types. Series 1928A and 1928B $1 silver certificates with serial number block letters X-B and Y-B were used as the experimental group; the Z-B block was used as the control group. These are commonly known as "Funnybacks" due to the rather odd-looking "ONE" on the reverse. A piece of written music operates on exactly the same principle. , Current denomination of United States paper equivalent of currency, Prosecution for the possession of a $1 bill, Redesign or replacement of the dollar bill, Learn how and when to remove this template message. Share, download and print free sheet music for piano, guitar, flute and more with the world's largest community of sheet music creators, composers, performers, music teachers, students, beginners, artists and other musicians with over 1,000,000 sheet digital music to play, practice, learn and enjoy. It means that every time the note F is written one plays (or sings) an F sharp (on a keyboard: the black note just to the right of the F) instead. At E-Chords.com you will learn how to play One Piece's songs easily and improve your skills on your favorite instrument as well.. Daily, we added a hundreds of new songs with chords and tabs, just for you ;).. There are twelve major and twelve minor keys (properly called “modes"). In 1933, Series of 1928 $1 United States Notes were issued to supplement the supply of $1 Silver Certificates. If "FW" appears before the lower right plate number it indicates that the bill was produced at the satellite Bureau of Engraving and Printing facility in Fort Worth, Texas. The only difference on these one-dollar bills was a yellow instead of blue seal. Both the phrases "E Pluribus Unum" and "Annuit coeptis" contain 13 letters. The reverse of the seal on the left features a barren landscape dominated by an unfinished pyramid of 13 steps, topped by the Eye of Providence within a triangle. Initially the BEP began printing the motto on notes printed with the new 32 note press, but soon Series of 1935G bills printed on an 18 note press featured the motto. 2 contributors total, last edit on Apr 15, 2017. For example: if there is one sharp in the key signature it will be an F sharp. The first experiment was conducted in January and February of that year to assess the effects of using different ratios of cotton to linen in the make-up of the bills. Binks' sake (One Piece) Learn how to play "Binks' sake (One Piece)" with letter notes sheet / chords for piano and keyboard. The obverse was nearly identical to the Series of 1923 $1 silver certificate, but the Treasury seal featured spikes around it and a large gray ONE replaced the blue "1 DOLLAR." An image of the first U.S. President (1789–1797), George Washington, based on the Athenaeum Portrait, a 1796 painting by Gilbert Stuart, is currently featured on the obverse, and the Great Seal of the United States is featured on the reverse. Huge selection of 500,000 tabs. One Piece has been one of the longest running manga and anime series out there with a following that never seems to die in popularity. We call these enharmonic i.e. Pick any women’s one-piece dress and we are sure you would feel it has been tailor-made for you. At the base of the pyramid are engraved the Roman numerals MDCCLXXVI (1776), the date of American independence from Britain. Since the FRD jurisdictions are sequentially numbered, notes received the corresponding letter "K", for the 11th letter of the alphabet. Turkish authorities believe that Gülen used to present a one dollar bill to his followers and that they showed it to one another in order to make them recognizable.. Serial numbers for this group range from C60800001A to C61440000A. This test used Series 1935 one-dollar bills. The obverse design of the dollar bill seen today debuted in 1963 (the reverse in 1935) when it was first issued as a Federal Reserve Note (previously, one dollar bills were Silver Certificates). These are called accidentals. Some modern composers do not use key signatures. The particular notes used in this experiment can be identified by their serial numbers. The obverse of the seal on the right features a bald eagle, the national bird and symbol of the United States. Its design is very similar to a 1776 Continental Currency dollar coin that was produced in pattern pieces as potential Continental currency but was never circulated. View interactive tab. High quality Brass sheet music for "We Are! The next change came in 1957 when the $1 bill became the first piece of paper U.S. currency to bear the motto IN GOD WE TRUST; it was added over the word ONE on the reverse. Cello Sheet Music Moods Classical Tear-jerkers for Cello Nostalgic Music for Cello Dark & Moody Pieces for Cello Joyful Pieces for Cello Relaxing Pieces for Cello Spiritual Pieces for Cello Romantic Music for Cello Humorous Pieces for Cello Dramatic & Epic Pieces for Cello At the top of the seal stands a Latin phrase, "ANNUIT COEPTIS," meaning "He favors our undertaking." Help • Editing Guidebook • FAQ • Find Admins and Moderators • Forums • Blogs • Discussion Feature • Discord Chat'. Which One Piece character are you? Currency has been printed here since Series 1988A. To the right of George Washington is the Treasury Department seal. Each major key has its own key signature. An accidental is always written before the note it belongs to (we say “C sharp” but we write the sharp sign and then the note C). This action took place after the seventh Government Accountability Office report on the subject. from One Piece, composed by Shouko Fujibayashi, arranged by Frippon95 / Porqui. This was a precautionary measure in case the current type of paper supply could not be maintained. Time signatures where the beat can be divided into two equal parts are known as simple time signatures. One Piece Tabs with free online tab player. Both of these types of notes could be declared worthless if they fell into enemy hands. One Piece - We Are! Official Title: ja verified ONE PIECE ~倒せ! This helps to understand the music better. Come exam time, we got 20 bonus points for not using our "cheat sheet". , Dollar Bills with interesting serial numbers can also be collected. Violin Resources Violin Lessons Violin Forums Music Theory Metronome Violin Tuner Tests & Training Related Instruments and Combinations Viola Violin Duet Violin & Viola Violin & Cello Violin Trio String Trio Violin Quartet String Quartet String Quintet Violin Ensemble String Ensemble Violin Sheet Music Compilations Easy Christmas Sheet Music for Violin Traditional British At the bottom of the seal is a semicircular banner proclaiming "NOVUS ORDO SECLORUM" meaning "New Order of the Ages" that is a reference to the new American era. If the composer wants a C sharp he writes a sharp sign in front of the C that needs to be sharpened. Looking for information on the anime One Piece? Follows the adventures of Monkey D. Luffy and his pirate crew in order to find the greatest treasure ever left by the legendary Pirate, Gold Roger. Define note. The Fugio cent, also known as the Franklin cent, is the first official circulation coin of United States.Consisting of 0.36 oz of copper, it was designed by Benjamin Franklin and minted only in 1787. An F double sharp is an F sharp that has been sharpened. However, according to polls, few Americans want to give up dollar bills. The reverse, too, had the same border design as the Series of 1923 $1 bill, but the center featured a large ornate ONE superimposed by ONE DOLLAR. BEP-85-73 to procure a web-fed intaglio printing press to dramatically increase the production of currency notes within the confines of their current (1985) 14th & C street facility. Those who love pirates and anime seemed to find a kindred spirit in the show that lead to a long-lasting love throughout the many arcs and years and the fanbase has never been shakey, staying loyal to the anime and/or manga. One-dollar bills were again the subject of experimentation in May 1992, when the BEP began to test a web-fed Intaglio printing press. This is often the case when the music is atonal or not very firmly in one key. To the left of George Washington is the Federal Reserve District seal. One example of this is radar or “palindrome“ notes, where the numbers in the serial number are the same read from left to right or right to left. Sometime in the early to mid-1960s, the BEP experimented with a new firm, the Gilbert Paper Company, to see if they could duplicate the usual paper production. , (approximately 7⅜ × 3⅛ in ≅ 187 × 79 mm), (6.14 length × 2.61 width× 0.0043 in thickness = 156 × 66.3 × 0.11 mm). On the obverse, the blue numeral 1 was changed to gray and made smaller, the gray ONE to the right was removed, the Treasury seal was made smaller and superimposed by WASHINGTON D.C., and a stylized ONE DOLLAR was added over the treasury seal. If you still haven't found what you're looking for, please send to us. To the left of the Secretary's signature is the series date. In August 1981, a similar experiment occurred during production of Series 1977A, when the BEP printed a few print runs on Natick paper. It is easier to read the music if it is written in A flat major (4 flats). Star notes may have some additional value depending on their condition, their year series or if they have an unusual serial number sequence. Author Gongas867 [a] 51. Production of one-dollar Federal Reserve Notes was undertaken in late 1963 to replace the soon-to-be obsolete $1 Silver Certificate. Above the eagle is a radiant cluster of 13 stars arranged in a six-pointed star. "THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA" spans the top of the bill, "ONE DOLLAR" is emblazoned along the bottom, and above the central "ONE" are the words "IN GOD WE TRUST," which became the official motto of the United States in 1956 by an Act of Congress. The Barcarolle in F-sharp major, Op. As of December 31 2019, there were 12.7 billion one-dollar bills in circulation worldwide. The opening starts with the Thousand Sunny sailing down a stretch of the open ocean whilst dodging cannon shots. The most common simple time signatures you will see are In 1928, all currency was changed to the size which is familiar today. Find your perfect arrangement and access a variety of transpositions so you can print and play instantly, anywhere. is also displayed in the four corners of the open space on the bill. . By the time I had refined all the material to one sheet of paper, I knew it well enough to not use it. The Great Seal, originally designed in 1782 and added to the dollar bill's design in 1935, is surrounded by an elaborate floral design. Compositore Frédéric François Chopin / Guitar tuning: Standard without cappo (440Hz) / [intro] / E D C D C E 3x A B E / E B D A B Arittakeno yume o kakiatsume E B Gdim C#m C#m7 E sagashi mono sagashini yuku We Are (One Piece OP 1) Learn how to play "We Are (One Piece OP 1)" with letter notes sheet / chords for piano and keyboard. If the music is going to stay in the new key for some time the composer may decide to change the key signature. Difficulty: novice. Humberto changed description of Playable We Are Number One. ", "Congress considers getting rid of dollar bills for $1 coins to save money", The One Dollar Bill, Zoomable and Annotated, 1788–89 United States presidential election, Samuel Osgood House (First Presidential Mansion), Alexander Macomb House (Second Presidential Mansion), General George Washington Resigning His Commission, Washington and Jefferson National Forests, Washington–Rochambeau Revolutionary Route, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_one-dollar_bill&oldid=996930519, Monuments and memorials to George Washington in the United States, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles lacking in-text citations from July 2019, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2009, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 29 December 2020, at 06:19.
Type De Baleine Dans Le Fleuve St Laurent, Guide Pédagogique Maternelle, Paris Dublin Aer Lingus, Restaurant 3 étoiles Michelin, Promo Hôtel Les Sables Blancs Concarneau, Gâteau Farine De Coco Thermomix, Biarritz Olympique Forum, Catalogue Odalys été 2020, Expression Jeune 2000, Integre Mots Fléchés 8 Lettres, Khalil Gibran Nietzsche, Aide Sociale En Cote D'ivoire Covid 19, Noah Nouvelle Chanson, Vocabulaire Amour Espagnol, | <urn:uuid:07c85e97-3a01-4849-a8ea-7e02e9b5527d> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://francoisgeff.com/bqzif2gb/ea74a0-note-we-are-one-piece | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.943042 | 4,618 | 2.96875 | 3 |
One prospective source of renewable energy is hydrogen gas produced from water with the aid of sunlight. Researchers at Linköping University, Sweden, have developed a material, nanoporous cubic silicon carbide, that exhibits promising properties to capture solar energy and split water for hydrogen gas production.
The study has been published in the journal ACS Nano.
“New sustainable energy systems are needed to meet global energy and environmental challenges, such as increasing carbon dioxide emissions and climate change”, says Jianwu Sun, senior lecturer in the Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology at Linköping University, who has led the new study.
Hydrogen has an energy density three times that of petrol. It can be used to generate electricity using a fuel cell, and hydrogen-fuelled cars are already commercially available. When hydrogen gas is used to produce energy, the only product formed is pure water. In contrast, however, carbon dioxide is created when the hydrogen is produced, since the most commonly used technology used today depends on fossil fuels for the process. Thus, 9-12 tonnes of carbon dioxide are emitted when 1 tonne of hydrogen gas is produced.
Producing hydrogen gas by splitting water molecules with the aid of solar energy is a sustainable approach that could give hydrogen gas using renewable sources without leading to carbon dioxide emissions. A major advantage of this method is the possibility to convert solar energy to fuel that can be stored.
“Conventional solar cells produce energy during the daytime, and the energy must either be used immediately, or stored in, for example, batteries. Hydrogen is a promising source of energy that can be stored and transported in the same way as traditional fuels such as petrol and diesel”, says Jianwu Sun.
It is not, however, an easy task to split water using the energy in sunlight to give hydrogen gas. For this to succeed, it is necessary to find cost-efficient materials that have the right properties for the reaction in which water (H2O) is split into hydrogen (H2) and oxygen (O2) through photo-electrolysis. The energy in sunlight that can be used to split water is mostly in the form of ultraviolet radiation and visible light. Therefore, a material is required that can efficiently absorb such radiation to create charges that can be separated and have enough energy to split the water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen gases. Most materials that have been investigated until now are either inefficient in the way they use the energy of visible sunlight (titanium dioxide, TiO2, for example, absorbs only ultraviolet sunlight), or do not have the properties needed to split water to hydrogen gas (for instance, silicon, Si).
Jianwu Sun’s research group has investigated cubic silicon carbide, 3C-SiC. The scientists have produced a form of cubic silicon carbide that has many extremely small pores. The material, which they call nanoporous 3C-SiC, has promising properties that suggest it can be used to produce hydrogen gas from water using sunlight. The present study has been published in the journal ACS Nano, and in it the researchers show that this new porous material can efficiently trap and harvest ultraviolet and most of the visible sunlight. Furthermore, the porous structure promotes the separation of charges that have the required energy, while the small pores give a larger active surface area. This enhances charge transfer and increases the number of reaction sites, thus further boosting the water splitting efficiency.
“The main result we have shown is that nanoporous cubic silicon carbide has a higher charge-separation efficiency, which makes the splitting of water to hydrogen much better than when using planar silicon carbide”, says Jianwu Sun.
The research has received financial support from, among other sources, the Swedish Research Council, FORMAS, and The Swedish Foundation for International Cooperation in Research and Higher Education.
The article: “Nanoporous Cubic Silicon Carbide Photoanodes for Enhanced Solar Water Splitting”, Jing-Xin Jian, Valdas Jokubavicius, Mikael Syväjärvi, Rositsa Yakimova and Jianwu Sun, (2021), ACS Nano, published online 19 February 2021, doi: 10.1021/acsnano.1c00256
Read the most up to date Fuel Cell and Hydrogen Industry news at FuelCellsWorks | <urn:uuid:d5c9ed91-cc1f-4518-b7a2-c108ef98d013> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://fuelcellsworks.com/news/new-porous-material-promising-for-making-hydrogen-from-water/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.92912 | 894 | 4.0625 | 4 |
Low Code is a software development platform that can also help companies simplify their applications. It is good for simplifying complex creations & more importantly it is helpful in the process of digital transformation. LowCode is ready to help your business on this journey because digital transformation brings many challenges.
To take advantage of smart solutions such as predictive maintenance, asset tracking or digital twins, LowCode platforms offer the ability to develop many applications with little effort.
They promise maximum results with minimum effort
Developers have always thought about how to simplify software development, which is why websites using WordPress and other development tools are viable and have enjoyed tremendous success.
The first models of rapid application development products such as Visual Basic, Delphi and even Oracle Forms were already heading in this direction.
Companies are using many new low-code application platforms that allow them to save time when developing applications. These platforms are able to reduce manual coding to a minimum.
It seems like the name is here to stay for the long term. This concept holds a lot of potential, and its popularity doesn’t seem to be waning. It is expected that similar applications will become even more popular as the Internet of Things connects more and more objects and offers more and more possibilities.
In the next few years, nearly two-thirds of all applications will be built with low-code technology. This means they will contain less code and take less time to build. However, some people may still be wondering: what is low code?
What is Low Code?
The concept of low-code development has a name that is also self-explanatory. Low code refers to simpler and smaller projects. The benefits are high for such platforms whose modules are based on automation.
Low code and the minimal principle are the latest developments to advance software development. Unnecessary code is eliminated and you will find that application development is faster through modules.
Nevertheless, the end result is maximally satisfactory. This is usually achieved by packaging code components into reusable modules so that you can create applications and services quickly. Of course, this requires special considerations.
What are the advantages of low code platforms?
Development on a low code platform is different than usual because it is visual. There is no need to use text-based programming techniques, and instead you can use a graphical user interface or visual application designers.
Thus, a low-code platform with modules can be used to implement projects that were not started before because they would have taken too long to implement.
Time & resources are no longer an issue because most workstation-based platforms provide users with access to modules. Modules can make your business more efficient by using widgets & plug-ins that reduce your workload.
Benefits for businesses at a glance:
Low-code platforms allow programmers to develop software without having to write code. You also have the ability to manage features yourself. Teams spend less time developing new features, introducing communication features, or rebuilding.
Low-code platforms are easy to develop without programming. You don’t have to wait months to get a successful product. This leaves you plenty of room for additional innovation.
Some applications, such as email automation software, can save you a lot of time by allowing you to automate certain tasks. They make it easier to maintain your own IT or even provide intelligent solutions for business and production.
Have a business idea, but don’t have the know-how to implement it? Don’t worry. With AppMakr, you get a customized application that doesn’t require an expert or expertise.
Depending on what you want to achieve with an application, you need to choose the right low-code platform. What purpose will it serve? Should it manage data retrieval and manipulation or perform other functions?
Developing user interfaces without a platform could prove difficult in the rapidly changing world. With a platform, you can meet all these requirements while being flexible and cost-effective. You need communications software that works with voice commerce and with buttons on products.
The apps used to monitor connected cars, for example, can also be important. That’s because they allow us to communicate with smart machines and optimize processes in smart factories. In this way, entrepreneurs can be more effective and productive.
Costs little and saves time
Not only big rich companies have the resources to develop apps and smart tools for their customers or workers.
Low-code development is a fantastic option for small or medium-sized businesses. This helps them stay agile and keep up with the ever-changing world of IoT applications. This is how you achieve a sustainable digitalization of your company.
Application and examples of low-code platforms
One of the other low-code platforms that have been around for a while is WordPress. It is not only used for websites, but also in software products, workflow systems and business processes.
But those were not all the application examples.
Low code is also used in the field of data processing. If a medium-sized company wants to upgrade its manufacturing, it should fully automate other business processes or at least make them more efficient. Data is then collected and analyzed so that the business can improve its efficiency and evolve while remaining competitive with its rivals.
Such developer platforms can, for example, allow you to create a dashboard with the data you need. This makes it easy to monitor the status of your plant.
Especially when it comes to cost-saving predictive maintenance, this can be quickly retrofitted. Visualization via dashboards is also an efficient solution for asset tracking. Low-code development also makes it easy to implement newer functions.
The bottom line:
Sustainability and digitization are not Sustainabilitymutually exclusive
The first step is to figure out what you want to achieve by digitizing your operation. Do you want to increase productivity?
Increase efficiency? Reduce costs? Once you’ve determined the goal of digitizing your business, you can figure out the best way to go about it. Low code software can help you quickly advance your company’s digitization and save costs.
You might also be interested in:
Low Code as a Gamechanger in Digital Transformation
Low code as a solution to the IT skills shortage
GA_digital at the Startup of the Year Summit | <urn:uuid:2ef9635a-7774-4ec5-9332-92c2861465b7> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://ga-universe.com/how-to-digitize-your-company-efficiently-and-sustainably/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.947662 | 1,282 | 2.78125 | 3 |
Keeping your plants healthy and thriving is largely due to plant nutrition, whether your garden is indoor hydroponics, or soil-based growing outdoors. Given the right environmental conditions, many flower, fruit, herb, and vegetable plants can be grown in either situation. They are all basically the same, though the purpose of growing them varies from one gardener to the next. But this is where the similarities stop. You can’t rely on much of what you know about growing in soil to help you succeed in hydroponics. The two forms of gardening are very different.
Plant fertilizers used when growing in soil are missing important elements that are available from the soil itself. When you switch to soilless growing in an inert material, every bit of plant nutrition must be introduced and maintained through the nutrient solution. Many indoor gardeners try to get by with low priced nutrients, because they don’t understand how vital the ingredients are to the success of their harvest. But pinching pennies isn’t always your best value. Everything is priced according to either the volume of, or number of, the things that went into making it, along with the quality and purity of the parts – at least before adding on the cost of packaging, marketing, transport, and advertising. Inferior stuff gives you inferior results, which isn’t what anyone expects to get out of their garden.
To get a stellar harvest from a robust, easy to grow garden, you’ve got to give those plants everything they need to make that happen, and from pure, quality inputs. There is no other way your plants have access to these vital nutritional elements without their roots in topsoil. The only buffer between good and bad results in hydroponics is you.
You have to remember that these are the building blocks for your food. No doubt you’re growing your own, because you want better food, so use better nutrients… what you put in IS what you’ll get in the end. It might help to learn what each element does for a plant. Then you’ll see why micronutrients are just as important as the macronutrients that everyone is so familiar with.
Responsible for forming chlorophyll, amino acids, and coenzymes. Too much is just as bad as too little, with the first developing obese, overly dark plants with lowered immune systems, and the latter giving you weak, yellowed plants with undersized leaves.
Responsible for root growth, flowering, fruit production, and producing sugars, phosphate, and energy (ATP). Too much restricts availability of copper and zinc. Too little causes stunted, overly dark colored plants. Older leaves turn yellow, perhaps flushed with purple as the plant robs lower growth to feed upper new growth.
Responsible for root growth, hardiness, and production of sugar and starch. High potassium levels are needed for protein synthesis too. Too much could cause Magnesium to be unavailable. A lack of it and your plants will be prone to fungus with slowed growth, and older leaves will be mottled.
This group of elements may only be used by plants in minute quantities, but they’re just as important to good plant nutrition as NPK.
A must for cell wall formation. A lack of calcium is shown by stunted plants and crinkled leaves, dropping flowers, and young shoots dying back. This is what causes blossom end rot in tomatoes, brought on by high temperatures.
This creates a natural fungicide, and it’s responsible for water uptake, fruiting, seed setting, and protein synthesis. Too much is exhibited by slowed growth and smaller than normal leaves. A sign of sulfur deficiency is young leaves yellowing with purple bases.
Used in forming chlorophyll, and assists plants in respiration of sugars for growth energy. Insufficient iron availability is expressed in pale new growth and dropping blooms. At first the yellowing of leaves takes place between veins, and browning on the edges. Iron toxicity in plants is very rare.
Plants use this to produce chlorophyll and in making enzymes. Curling of older leaves, and yellow spots between leaf veins are signs of deficiency. Plants can move insufficiently available magnesium to support new growth, which may look fine, while the lower parts of the plant do not.
A must for cell wall formation, along with calcium. Not enough causes poor growth and brittle stems that may contort or split open. Too much causes yellowing or browning of leaf tips.
Used in stimulating growth, along with adding oxygen to photosynthesis. Too much can tie up iron, making it unavailable to the plants though it is not actually missing. Not enough manganese causes failed blooming and a yellowing of leaves between the veins.
Needed in respiration, metabolizing nitrogen, and the production of chlorophyll. Too much can also make iron unavailable to plants, while not enough gives you reduced leaf size that display crinkled edges.
Important to metabolizing and fixing nitrogen. Too much may be shown by bright yellow leaves, though it’s not common. Not enough and plants develop smaller than normal yellowed leaves.
A must for respiration and photosynthesis, as well as stimulating enzymes. Too much copper can also tie up iron, while too little is shown by pale leaves with yellow spots.
This element is to assist nitrogen fixing microorganisms, and giving them a source of Vitamin B-12, though it is currently not known to be required by plants themselves. | <urn:uuid:32f0aa0a-89c5-4a0a-a9ae-56908ef585e1> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://gardenculturemagazine.com/plant-nutrition-basics/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.944923 | 1,145 | 2.953125 | 3 |
Ghana’s cities have a sanitation problem, poor sanitation costs the country $290 million annually and a good proportion of the waste material is made up of plastic. Despite clogging drains and polluting beaches, only 10% of the plastic waste ever gets recycled.
The government has contemplated banning certain kinds of plastic usage similar to Rwanda and Kenya to but there was a worry about job losses and those proposals were eventually set aside during the last administration.
But for Nelson Boateng, 33, the plastics business is all he has known since he started working at a factory when he was 13. In 2015, fearing that a plastics ban was imminent, Boateng’s company, Nelplast, which makes plastic shopping bags, was pushed to think of a way to keep the business alive. Using knowledge learned informally from engineers he had worked with, he came up with a production process that mixes sand with shredded plastic and red oxide to make one-square foot pavement blocks.
“We use all kinds of plastics except PVC pipes,” says Boateng. “We have a ratio with which we use to mix the plastics, sand and red oxide. But that is our secret.” He has filed a patent application which is yet to be approved.
Using discarded plastics in road construction has been done in other places. “In India, they put the plastics in the asphalt to prevent cracks and potholes but my technology is far different,” Boateng explains.”We don’t use bitumen, we don’t use stone. The asphalt is expensive but mine is cheaper and the durability is guaranteed.” At $1 each his company’s blocks are cheaper than the average price of $1.50 for a concrete block. His plastic-infused blocks have been used to pave some homes and to rebuild a pitted stretch of road in Ashaiman, the densely-populated township where he grew up.
The World Bank’s push for labor-intensive public works gives another win to Nelplast Ghana which employs 60 people directly and 500 others indirectly. But at 200 blocks a day using 800 kilos of plastic waste, capacity is low for estate developers who have expressed interest in using his blocks. Scaling up has been a challenge because he does not have the needed equipment.
Nelplast was accepted into “One-District, One-Factory”, the Ghana government’s flagship industrialization plan whose benefits includes low-interest loans ranging from $50,000 to $5 million. A promise by the minister of environment to help Boateng get more machines so that he can increase capacity, to a competitive 15,000 blocks a day, has not yet materialized just like the loans.
So, the profits from making shopping bags are pumped into the block-making business. While he remains fiercely opposed to a ban on plastics, he acknowledges the irony of his company making plastic bags which eventually contribute to pollution. But for Boateng, Nelplast’s workers are his priority.
“It is something I have thought of. I cannot save the environment and still cause problems to it. So when I get [funds to scale up the block-making business] I will move the workers to that side. I love my workers so much, so I cannot tell somebody to just go home. I have to always find a way to keep them working.” | <urn:uuid:8ce8ae70-468f-483e-b37f-c3625d2278cf> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://ghanatalksbusiness.com/2018/05/ghanaian-entrepreneur-uses-recycled-plastic-make-cheaper-roads-building-blocks/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.972326 | 710 | 3 | 3 |
1-How many articles are there in Indian Constitution originally? – 395
2-Articles 14, 15, 16, 17 and 18 of the Constitution of India highlight the Right to Equality in detail. This fundamental right is the major foundation of all other rights and privileges granted to Indian citizens
3-The mind and ideals of the framers of Constitution are reflected in the Preamble. The Preamble to the Constitution of India records the aims and aspirations of the people of India which have been translated into the various provisions of the Constitution. A Preamble means the introduction to the statute.
4-“A person can move the Supreme Court by appropriate proceedings for the enforcement of the Fundamental Rights if violated.” This is a provision in Right to Constitution Remedies
5-The Supreme Court was established in Calcutta in 1774
6-Fundamental Duties is mentioned in Article 51A of the Indian Constitution.
7-The declaration on of Constitutional Emergency in an Indian State has to be approved by the Parliament within a period of 2 months. The state of emergency is commonly known as ‘President’s Rule’. A state emergency is declared on failure of constitutional machinery in a state. Every state in India except three states, Chhattisgarh, Telangana and Uttarakhand has been under a state of emergency at some point of time or the other.
8-The largest constitution in the world is India.
9-Anti defection law is mentioned in the 10th schedule of constitution
10-All members of union cabinet, Administrators of all union territories, Chief ministers of all states are the member of National Development Council.
11-Dr. B R Ambedkar is known as the Father of the Indian Constitution.
12-Duties and powers of the comptroller and auditor general is mentioned in 149 article.
13-Fundamental Rights are granted to citizens under which Article?- Article 12 – 35
14-First Chief Justice of India is H J Kania
15-The Indian Constitution has been divided into 25 chapters
16-In 25 chapters’ Indian constitution had 395 articles in 22 parts and 8 schedules at the time of commencement. Now Constitution of India have 448 articles in 25 parts, 12 schedules, 5 appendices and 98 amendments.
17-The reservation of seats for SCs/STs in state assemblies is mentioned in the Art. 332
18-Indian Constitution was adopted by the Government of India on 26 Nov 1949
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Welcome to a comprehensive guide on creative Abraham crafts for Sunday school! In this article, we will explore various engaging and educational crafts that can be used to teach children about the story of Abraham. Whether you are a Sunday school teacher, a parent, or simply someone interested in sharing Bible stories with children, these crafts are sure to captivate young minds and inspire meaningful discussions.
Introduction to Sunday School Crafts
Sunday school crafts play a vital role in engaging children during lessons and reinforcing the messages conveyed in the Bible stories. By incorporating hands-on activities, crafts help children connect with the stories on a deeper level and allow for a more interactive learning experience. Craft activities also foster creativity, fine motor skill development, and provide opportunities for discussion and reflection.
Furthermore, Sunday school crafts can serve as a platform for teaching important values and life lessons. Through the process of creating crafts, children can learn about patience, perseverance, and the importance of following instructions. They can also develop a sense of pride and accomplishment when they see their finished projects, boosting their self-esteem and confidence.
In addition, Sunday school crafts can be a means of building community and fostering relationships among children. When children work together on a craft project, they learn to collaborate, communicate, and appreciate each other’s contributions. This teamwork not only enhances their social skills but also creates a sense of belonging and unity within the Sunday school community.
Exploring the Story of Abraham in Sunday School
Abraham is a prominent figure in the Bible, known for his faith and obedience to God. The story of Abraham provides valuable lessons on trust, patience, perseverance, and hospitality. By introducing children to this story, we can inspire them to develop these important qualities in their own lives. Sunday school crafts centered around Abraham’s story serve as powerful teaching tools to bring this narrative to life.
One of the key lessons we can learn from Abraham’s story is the importance of trust in God’s plan. Despite facing numerous challenges and uncertainties, Abraham trusted in God’s promises and followed His guidance. This teaches children the value of having faith in God’s plan for their own lives, even when things may seem difficult or unclear.
Another important aspect of Abraham’s story is his hospitality towards strangers. When three visitors approached his tent, Abraham warmly welcomed them and provided them with food and shelter. This act of kindness teaches children the importance of showing hospitality and generosity towards others, even to strangers. It encourages them to be compassionate and caring individuals in their interactions with others.
Importance of Crafts in Sunday School Lessons
Crafts are a crucial component of Sunday school lessons for several reasons. Firstly, they provide a hands-on way for children to engage with the material and actively participate in the learning process. Secondly, crafts stimulate children’s imagination and creativity, making the lessons more memorable and enjoyable. Finally, crafts create opportunities for open-ended discussions, allowing children to express their thoughts and feelings about the story and its teachings.
Moreover, crafts in Sunday school lessons help reinforce the key concepts and messages of the lesson. By creating something tangible related to the story or theme, children are able to visually and physically connect with the lesson’s teachings. This hands-on approach deepens their understanding and retention of the material.
In addition, crafts provide a platform for children to develop important life skills. Through the process of creating crafts, children learn patience, problem-solving, and attention to detail. They also develop fine motor skills as they cut, glue, and manipulate materials. These skills are not only valuable in the context of Sunday school, but also in their overall development as individuals.
Easy and Fun Abraham Crafts for Kids
When it comes to crafting with children, simplicity and fun are key. Here are some easy and enjoyable Abraham crafts that are perfect for young learners:
- Abraham Puppet: Create an Abraham puppet using craft sticks, construction paper, and markers. This craft helps children reenact key moments from Abraham’s life, such as his journey to the Promised Land.
- Paper Plate Abraham: Transform a paper plate into an expressive Abraham by adding facial features and a long beard. This craft encourages children to use their creativity while reflecting on Abraham’s character.
- Abraham Coloring Pages: Print out coloring pages featuring scenes from Abraham’s story. As children color, discuss the significance of the events and their relevance to their own lives.
These crafts not only provide a fun and engaging activity for children, but they also offer an opportunity for them to learn about Abraham and his important role in religious history. By engaging in hands-on activities like creating puppets and coloring pages, children can develop a deeper understanding and connection to the story of Abraham. These crafts can also serve as a starting point for discussions about faith, trust, and the importance of following one’s beliefs. Whether used in a religious education setting or as a fun activity at home, these Abraham crafts are sure to captivate young learners and spark their curiosity about this influential figure.
Step-by-Step Guide to Making an Abraham Puppet
To make an Abraham puppet, you will need the following materials: craft sticks, construction paper, markers, glue, and scissors. Follow these steps:
- Draw Abraham’s head and beard on a piece of construction paper. Cut them out.
- Glue the head onto the top of a craft stick, leaving enough space for the puppeteer’s hand to hold it comfortably.
- Attach the beard just below the head, using glue or tape.
- Draw and cut out Abraham’s body, arms, and legs from construction paper. Use markers to add details like clothing and facial features.
- Attach the body parts to the craft stick using glue or tape, positioning them in a way that allows the puppet to move realistically.
- Encourage children to role-play and retell stories from Abraham’s life, using their newly created puppets.
Once the puppet is complete, you can enhance it further by adding additional accessories. For example, you can create a small hat for Abraham using construction paper and glue it onto his head. You can also use small pieces of fabric or felt to create a cloak or robe for him, giving the puppet a more authentic look.
Another fun idea is to create a backdrop or stage for the puppet. You can use a large piece of cardboard or foam board as the base and decorate it with scenes from Abraham’s life. This can include drawings or cutouts of important locations such as the city of Ur or the land of Canaan. The backdrop will not only provide a visual element to the puppet show but also help set the stage for the stories being told.
Engaging Children with Paper Plate Abraham Craft
The paper plate Abraham craft is a simple yet effective way to engage children in exploring Abraham’s story. Here’s how to create this craft:
- Provide each child with a paper plate and a set of markers or crayons.
- Encourage them to draw Abraham’s face and features on the plate, using their imagination and observation skills.
- Discuss the significance of Abraham’s characteristics, such as his long beard representing wisdom and his kind eyes symbolizing compassion.
- Invite children to share their artwork and describe the qualities they admire in Abraham, fostering discussions on values and virtues.
Teaching Patience and Perseverance through Abraham Coloring Pages
Coloring pages offer a peaceful and contemplative activity for children to engage with the story of Abraham. Here are some tips for incorporating these pages into your Sunday school lessons:
- Select coloring pages that depict key moments from Abraham’s journey, such as his call from God or the birth of Isaac.
- Encourage children to color mindfully, allowing them to reflect on the lessons conveyed in each scene.
- After coloring, engage the children in open-ended discussions about the virtue of patience and the importance of trusting in God.
Creating a 3D Abraham’s Tent Craft for Hands-On Learning
Constructing a 3D Abraham’s tent craft offers children a tactile experience that enhances their understanding of the story. Follow these steps to make this craft:
- Provide children with craft materials such as cardboard, paper, scissors, and markers.
- Guide them in cutting and folding a piece of cardboard to form the basic structure of the tent.
- Encourage children to decorate the tent with colorful drawings, representing the vibrant and welcoming nature of Abraham and Sarah.
- Discuss the significance of the tent as a symbol of hospitality and Abraham’s generous spirit.
Using Popsicle Sticks to Make an Abraham and Isaac Craft
Popsicle stick crafts are both versatile and economical. Follow these steps to create an Abraham and Isaac craft:
- Provide children with popsicle sticks, glue, construction paper, markers, and scissors.
- Instruct them to arrange the popsicle sticks in a triangle shape, representing the tent where Abraham and Isaac spent time together.
- Guide children in drawing and cutting out paper figures of Abraham and Isaac.
- Encourage children to retell the story of Abraham’s willingness to sacrifice Isaac, emphasizing the importance of obedience and trust in God.
Incorporating Bible Verses into Abraham Crafts for Sunday School
Bible verses add depth and context to Abraham crafts, connecting the hands-on activity to the scriptural teachings. Here’s how you can incorporate Bible verses into Sunday school crafts:
- Select verses from the Bible that highlight key elements of Abraham’s story, such as Genesis 12:2-3, where God promises to bless Abraham.
- Write or print these verses on small cards and encourage children to decorate and attach them to their crafts.
- Engage children in discussions about the significance of the verses and how they relate to the craft they have created.
Enhancing Fine Motor Skills with Thread Painting Abraham’s Journey Craft
Thread painting offers a unique way to incorporate fine motor skill development in an Abraham craft. Follow these steps to create a thread painting Abraham’s journey craft:
- Provide children with small canvases, tape, colored thread, and needles.
- Instruct them to tape the outline of Abraham’s journey on the canvas.
- Invite children to thread the needle and stitch along the taped lines, filling the canvas with various colors to represent different stages of the journey.
- Encourage discussions on perseverance and the challenges Abraham faced during his spiritual journey.
Crafting a Felt Storyboard to Retell the Story of Abraham in Sunday School
A felt storyboard offers an interactive and tactile way to engage children in retelling Abraham’s story. Here’s how to create this craft:
- Provide children with a large piece of felt, as well as felt pieces in different colors.
- Ask them to cut out shapes to represent Abraham, Sarah, the stars, the tent, and other key elements of the story.
- Encourage children to arrange and rearrange the pieces on the felt storyboard, retelling the story in their own words.
- Invite them to express their thoughts and feelings about Abraham’s journey and the lessons they can learn from his faith.
Teaching Generosity and Hospitality through an Abraham’s Hospitality Craft
An Abraham’s hospitality craft provides an opportunity to discuss the importance of generosity and welcoming others. Here’s a simple craft idea:
- Provide children with paper plates, construction paper, markers, and scissors.
- Instruct them to decorate the paper plates as festive dinner plates, using markers to add vibrant colors and designs.
- Encourage children to imagine themselves as Abraham and Sarah, preparing a meal for their guests.
- Discuss the virtue of hospitality and how we can show kindness and generosity to others, just like Abraham and Sarah did.
Making a Faith Bracelet to Symbolize Abraham’s Trust in God
A faith bracelet serves as a tangible reminder of Abraham’s trust in God’s promises. Follow these steps to create this craft:
- Provide children with small wooden beads, elastic string, and markers.
- Instruct them to decorate each bead with symbols or words representing different aspects of Abraham’s story, such as a tent, a star, or the name “Abraham”.
- Encourage children to string the beads onto the elastic string, creating a meaningful bracelet that symbolizes their own faith in God.
- Discuss the importance of trusting in God and how Abraham’s unwavering faith can inspire us in our own lives.
These diverse and engaging crafts provide a wealth of opportunities to explore the story of Abraham in Sunday school. By incorporating these hands-on activities, we can help children connect with the narrative on a personal level, deepen their understanding of the lessons, and inspire them to live out the values exemplified by Abraham. So, get ready to craft, learn, and have fun as we embark on this creative journey through the story of Abraham in Sunday school! | <urn:uuid:08e34dd1-043c-411f-8ee8-2dedba612533> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://godsverse.org/creative-abraham-crafts-for-sunday-school/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.923704 | 2,715 | 3.46875 | 3 |
1.The name of this particular company is is derived from the names of two elements osmium and tungsten as both these elements were commonly used for lighting filaments at the time the company was founded.
Identify the company.
- Cover Page of a book on the life of?
3.You know what to do.[The pic towards which all other pics are pointing forms the basis of the connection]
I need a complete explanation
- The name of this particular statistical hypothesis test co-incidently shares its name with the surname of a popular fictional character who is an overachiever ,doing exceptionally well in her academics. The creator of the fictional series describes the character as “very logical, upright and good“.
Coming back to the “statistical hypothesis test”, the test is basically used for determining whether one time series is useful in forecasting another. The technique has found widespread use in the field of neuroscience. Give the name of the test in question which has been named after a Nobel Laureate in Economics?
- # With which Olympic sport would one associate this mathematical co-efficient:
6.Widely used in medical research and medicine,this phenomenon or effect is related to the importance of perception and the brain’s role in physical health.Referred to as the “____________”this phenomenon has been controversial throughout the annals of medical science. Notable medical organizations have endorsed it, but certain sections in the scientific world conclude that it should be avoided because it is deceptive.The oft used term for this effect has its roots in the Latin language,which translates into English as“I will please”.It was first used in a medicinal context in the 18th century. The term describes the medical improvement in a patient’s health on being administered an inert substance .Give me the term or the phenomenon.
- Apart from their apparent use, X are also used metaphorically, as a design paradigm, known as the “X principle “. It denotes a recognizable relationship of “object-within-similar-object” that appears in the design of many other natural and man-made objects.
Identify X,the earliest pictures of which is given below:
9.The term XY consisting of two words describes an accident in the nuclear reactor that is characterized by the severe meltdown of the core components of the reactor. These components then burn through the containment vessel and the housing building, then notionally through the crust and body of the Earth until reaching X. The meltdown generally begins with the loss of coolant fluid in a reactor vessel, and the partial or complete exposure of the fuel element assemblies.One of the earliest use of this term can be traced back to a an article(Thoughts on Nuclear Plumbing by former Manhattan Project nuclear physicist Ralph Lapp) that appeared in 1971.
It is held that the geographic, planet-piercing concept that we get from this term derives from the misperception that X is the antipode of the United States.
Give the variables,
10.The person who initiated the signing of this pact described the circle as representing the totality of culture, with the three dots being Art, Science, and Religion, three of the most embracing of human cultural activities. He also described the circle as representing the eternity of time, encompassing the past, present, and future. Identify the historic pact and the symbol below:
- Osram (‘Os’ from Osmium and ‘ram’ from Wolfram which is the German name for Tungsten).
- Henrietta Lacks (Of the HeLa cells fame)
3. All these are the names of bacteria, the names being given after places and people related to India.
Bacillus cecembensis(Named after CCMB,Hyderabad)
Pedobacter himalayensis(Named after the Himalayan mountains)
Bacillus isronensis(Named after ISRO)
Arthrobacter gangotriensis(Named after Dakshin Gangotri,the stamp commemorating the start of postal services at India’s research station inAntarctica)
Bacillus aryabhattai(Named after Aryabhatta)
Indibacter alkaliphilus(Named after India)
The word bacteria has been derived from the Latinised word for staff or cane. The man with the staff signifies bacteria .
- The Granger causality Test [The fictional character referred to here is Hermione Granger from the Harry Potter Series]
5. Olympic Weightlifting.
This is the Sinclair co-efficient that is used to compare different weight classes in weightlifting.
- Placebo effect
- The connection is Traveller’s Diarrhoea
Local names of Traveller’s diarrhea in different places are:
Flag of Cairo (“Cairo Two Step” in Egypt)
Mahatma Gandhi (“Gandhi’s revenge” in India)
Montezuma (“Montezuma’s revenge” in Mexico)
New Delhi (“Delhi Belly” in Delhi)
Bali starling (“Bali belly” in Bali,Indonesia)
Map showing Rangoon (“Rangoon runs” in Myanmar).
- Matryoshka doll (Matryoshka principle).
Y=syndrome.The term is China Syndrome.
10. Roerich’s Pact (Nicholas Roerich)
Pax Cultura (“Cultural Peace” or “Peace through Culture”) emblem. On April 15, 1935 the Roerich Pact was signed by the United States and Latin American nations, agreeing that “historic monuments, museums, scientific, artistic, educational and cultural institutions” should be protected both in times of peace and war, and identified by their flying a distinctive flag, theBanner of Peace, bearing the Pax Cultura emblem. | <urn:uuid:f27a4e0b-3c0f-424a-bc85-24d368028a8f> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://gonitsora.com/diligimus-cognition-we-love-knowledge-3/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.925479 | 1,259 | 2.890625 | 3 |
All snails in Britain are edible. They’re essentially the same creatures that the French, Spanish and Italians devour by the tonne.
Types of Snail
The larger Roman snail, helix pomatia, introduced by their Italian namesake as a food source, are protected in the UK, but not so in France. There, they are known as escargot de Bourgogne.
That leaves us with helix aspersa, the common garden snail. It’s a reasonable size for eating, and extremely plentiful, as anybody with an allotment will know.
If you set aside the emotion of it all, it makes perfect sense to eat snails. Why kill them with poison or the sharp edge of a spade when you can use them properly, for food?
It’s a far more ethical and sustainable approach.
There’s a cultural angle to the whole act of eating a snail that simply revolts many British people, which is a shame because snails are very good to eat.
After all us Brits have been eating winkles and whelks at the seaside for as long as I can remember. Land snail, sea snail what’s the difference?
The best time to catch edible snails is after a downpour. In late spring, early summer, the conditions are perfect – the humidity and dampness draws the little blighters out from under their rocks and out of their cracks and into the open at dusk. A quick shower, a mild evening, a bucket and a strong torch are all you’ll need for a bountiful hunt.
The French know this already, of course.
Snails need to be prepared quite thoroughly before they’re ready to cook. You don’t know where they’ve been and what they’ve been eating, so you need to change that by controlling their diet for a few days.
Put the snails into a container of some sort – a wicker basket of some sort or something equally breathable is ideal – along with a carrot, and cover the container with something suitably heavy and snail proof. A roofing slate or something like that would be ideal. Put the container somewhere shady, out of the sun.
The next day, rinse the snails and the container with cold water to clean away any…droppings. Replace the carrot and cover again. Repeat this cleaning process for at least four days, by which time, the diet of carrot should be very evident from the colour of the snail’s waste product…it should be orange.
At this stage, you can be confident that you know what’s in the snail’s stomachs, but you don’t want to eat that.
Time to get it out.
Remove the carrot, but continue the daily rinsing routine. Do this for a further three or four days, to purge the snails of all waste products and to make sure that they’re very clean.
Just Before Cooking
Just before you start to cook them, give the snails a final bath in plenty of water in a bucket, to make sure that all grit is removed from their shells.
Put the cleaned snails into a bowl, cover with a plate and place in the fridge for half an hour – the cold forces the snails to retract into their shells and puts them into a deep sleep.
Cooking is easy. Make a court bouillon, a simple vegetable stock flavoured with herbs, carrot, celery, onion and whatever else you’ve got in the fridge, and bring it to a rolling boil. The snails simply go straight into the pot. The heat kills them straight away, in the same way, as it does mussels.
Cook for about fifteen minutes, making sure that the stock stays at just under boiling point.
Fish the cooked snails out with a slotted spoon and let them cool for a while before using a pin or a pair of tweezers to drag the flesh out of the shells. It will come out quite easily once you get hold of it.
Then you have to remove the cloaca – the black part at the end of the guts.
The traditional French way of preparing snails is to stuff the snail back into its shell with a drop of stock and a lot of garlic butter then roasting in the oven for about ten minutes.
Heston Blumenthal adds them to porridge, or at Paris House, you can have their snail garden.
If you really want to indulge in a bit luxury, you can spoil yourself with some snail caviar.
The Snail Caviar or Snail Eggs are called Caviar d’escargot (and even White Caviar) in France. They brand it under a commercial name “Perles de France” meaning pearly of France.
Caviar d’escargot retails at around £1500 per kg. As each snail only lays 100 eggs a year it is as expensive as the best Beluga caviar.
Other Recipes You Maybe Interested in …..
Grandads Cookbook may reference or include sections of text and images reproduced courtesy of: | <urn:uuid:ea68ebe1-46e8-46ba-be29-709af3e0bb4f> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://grandadscookbook.co.uk/edible-snails-helix-aspersa/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.957671 | 1,078 | 2.609375 | 3 |
Just when you thought it was safe to put HIPAA aside, another deadline looms just around the corner.
The privacy rule of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) became effective for most health care providers, health care clearinghouses, and health plans on April 14, 2003. Now, three years later, those health plans that had to comply with the HIPAA privacy rule by April 14, 2003 will need to send a notice to its members by April 14, 2006 of the availability of its Notice of Privacy Practices.
The privacy rule protects health information from being disclosed without the individual’s authorization in most instances. There are several exceptions. These exceptions include a disclosure that must be made by the health care provider or the health plan for 1) treatment (i.e. a doctor may disclose an individual’s health information to another health care provider), 2) payment (i.e. a doctor may disclose health information to obtain payment from the health plan), or 3) health care operations (i.e. a health plan may disclose health information to its attorney when defending a claim for denial of coverage).
HIPAA allows disclosure of health information in other limited instances such as when: there is a threat to health or safety; the disclosure is needed to comply with legal duties; a government agency enforces state or federal regulations; the disclosure is needed during judicial and administrative proceedings, etc. These exceptions have additional safeguards that prevent unnecessary disclosures. Health care providers, health care clearinghouses, and health plans must provide a notice to the individual about how and when certain disclosures may occur. This notice is called the Notice of Privacy Practices.
The Notice of Privacy Practices is a list of how the health plan will use and protect the patient’s health information. An individual has a right to adequate notice of the health plan’s legal duties with respect to the individual’s health information. The health plan must provide notification to the individual through the Notice of Privacy Practices.
A health plan is defined under HIPAA as an individual or a group plan that provides or pays the cost of medical care. Examples of health plans include employee benefit plans, health insurance companies, health maintenance organizations, nursing home insurance companies, Medicaid, Medicare, and state child health plans. Under HIPAA, these organizations had to send an initial Notice of Privacy Practices to their enrollees by April 14, 2003. Thereafter, the health plan must notify individuals at least every three years of the availability of the Notice of Privacy Practices and how to obtain it. If you are responsible for an entity that must comply with the privacy rule, now is a good time to re-examine the entity’s Notice of Privacy Practices and make any revisions that might be needed. The following is a review of the requirements for the Notice of Privacy Practices.
The Notice of Privacy Practices must have a header that states “THIS NOTICE DESCRIBES HOW MEDICAL INFORMATION ABOUT YOU MAY BE USED AND DISCLOSED AND HOW YOU CAN GET ACCESS TO THIS INFORMATION PLEASE READ IT CAREFULLY.” It also must contain a description and one example of the disclosure of health information for treatment, payment, and heath care operations and a description of other purposes that HIPAA permits the health plan to disclose health information without the individual’s written authorization.
The Notice of Privacy Practices must contain a statement that other uses and disclosures will be made only with the individual’s written authorization and that the individual may revoke such authorization to the extent that it has not been relied on.
Additionally, if the entity intends to use the individual’s health information for appointment reminders, information about treatment alternatives,or other health-related benefits and services that may be of interest to the individual, raising funds, disclosure to the plan sponsor (i.e. employer), then the Notice of Privacy Practices must have individual statements that specifically explain that these disclosures may occur.
The Notice of Privacy Practices must also describe the individual’s rights and how the individual may exercise these rights. In this respect, the notice must contain statements that the individual has a right to: 1) place restrictions on the disclosure of health information but that the health plan is not required to agree to a requested restriction; 2) receive confidential communications of health information; 3) inspect and copy his or her health information; 4) amend his or her health information; 5) receive an accounting of disclosures; 6) request and receive a paper copy of the Notice of Privacy Practices.
Furthermore, the Notice of Privacy Practices must contain statements that the health plan is required by law to maintain the privacy of the individual’s health information and provide notice to the individual of its legal duties and privacy practices. The document must also explain that the health plan is required to abide by the terms of its Notice of Privacy Practices currently in effect. The health plan must describe how it will provide a revised notice, if there is a change in the health plan’s privacy practices. Also, if the health plan intends to apply a change to the health information that was created prior to a revised notice, the Notice of Privacy Practices must reserve the right to change the terms of its notice and to make the new notice provisions effective for all health information that it maintains.
Other mandatory statements include: the name or title and telephone number of a person or office to contact for further information or to file a complaint; how to file a complaint with the Secretary of Health and Human Services; and the date on which the notice becomes effective, which cannot be earlier than the date on which the notice is printed or published.
If the health plan, health care provider, or health clearinghouse makes a material change to either its uses or disclosures; the individual’s rights; the health plan’s legal duties; or other privacy practices, the Notice of Privacy Practices must promptly be revised to reflect the change.
A material change may not be put into practice before the effective date of the revised notice. If there is a material revision to the Notice of Privacy Practices, the entity must provide a revised Notice to individuals within 60 days of the material revision.
Sticking to the Plan
A health plan must provide a Notice of Privacy Practice to each new enrollee. The health plan satisfies the notice requirement by providing the Notice to the named insured of a policy. If a health plan has more than one Notice of Privacy Practice, it must provide the Notice that is relevant to the individual or other person who requests the Notice.
A group health plan that provides health benefits only through an insurance contract with a health insurance issuer or HMO and receives or creates health information, summary health information, or information on whether the individual is participating in the group health plan, must maintain a Notice of Privacy Practice and provide the notice to the individual upon request. A group health plan that provides health benefits only through an insurance contract with a health insurance issuer or HMO and does not create or receive health information is not required to maintain or provide a Notice of Privacy Practice. Both of these types of group health plans are exempt from providing notice every three years.
It is prudent to review your Notice of Privacy Practices on a routine interval to be sure it accurately reflects your entity’s information. The entity will need to revise its Notice of Privacy Practices if the entity moved to a different location, merged with another entity, changed ownership, changed privacy practices, designated a new contact person for HIPAA privacy issues or made other significant changes.
Minding Your Business
If your business is a health plan, you need to provide notice to enrollees by April 14, 2006 of the availability of your Notice of Privacy Practices. It is important to have a Notice of Privacy Practices that contains the correct information for the entity. The penalties for HIPAA violations can amount to thousands of dollars per incident. Don’t be caught off guard.
June M. Sullivan, Esq. is an attorney with the Hartford-based firm Halloran & Sage LLP specializing in health care law, specifically the defense of health care providers, risk managment, and HIPAA compliance; (860) 241-4077. | <urn:uuid:89681a36-63f4-4a79-b318-40b13f46c503> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://healthcarenews.com/another-hipaa-deadline-looms-health-plans-must-provide-notice-on-how-information-will-be-protected-by-april-14/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.930535 | 1,663 | 2.5625 | 3 |
With Valentine’s Day right around the corner, families are looking for fun and engaging ways to explore the concept of love with their little ones while teaching them how to express their feelings. Starting as early as 2-years-old, children begin to understand positive and negative emotions which they in turn use to describe how they themselves are feeling. So, it is important for parents to mindfully teach their children how to love and express their emotions in a positive way.
The Goddard School education experts put together several Valentine’s Day crafts, book recommendations, and a list of ways to say I love you to your little ones to help parents and children navigate the concept of love
Heart Tree Sponge Stamp Art
Show how love grows with this beautiful piece of Valentine’s Day art.
- A piece of white paper
- Brown, pink, red and purple paint
- A paintbrush
- Kitchen sponges
- Help your child paint a tree trunk and bare branches with the brown paint and allow to dry.
- Cut out hearts from the sponges in different sizes.
- Have your child use the sponges to stamp heart-shaped leaves onto the tree with the different colors of paints. The fuller the tree is, the more love there is!
Heart-Shaped Bird Feeder
Help your child spread some Valentine’s Day love to the birds outside your window this February.
- Pipe cleaners
- Ring-shaped cereal
- Have your child string the cereal onto a pipe cleaner, leaving a little space at the ends.
- Twist the ends of the pipe cleaner together to make a circle, and then bend it into a heart shape.
- Help your child tie a piece of string onto the heart in a loop, and then take your child outside and find a place to hang the feeder where birds can enjoy it.
Valentine’s Day books that teach kids how wonderful it is to love, cultivated from The Goddard School’s Life Lesson Library, include:
- Making Faces, A first book of emotions by Abrams Appleseed
- No Matter What by Debi Gliori
- Lots of Feelings by Shelly Rotner
- I Love You Through and Through by Bernadette Rossetti-Shustak, illustrated by Caroline Church
- The Rabbit Listened by Cory Doerrfeld
- Franklins New Friend by Paulette Bourgeois, illustrated by Brenda Clark
- Prekindergartners and Kindergartners
- My Friend is Sad by Mo Willems
- How Do Dinosaurs Play with Their Friends by Jane Yolen, illustrated by Mark Teague
Ten Ways to Support Your Child with Love:
- Send notes. Notes or drawings on a brown paper lunch bag is a classic way to show how much you care every day. You can do the same by slipping something in a backpack or a pocket. A simple heart drawing will do the trick!
- Listen to their stories. Stop what you’re doing and listen to the recap of their day or recount a game your children played with a friend or family member. This simple gesture helps you stay connected with your children.
- Ask questions. When your children talk to you, engage and ask follow-up questions. Creating a dialogue demonstrates you are interested in what your children are doing and gives you a snapshot of their thoughts.
- Share your stories. Family stories are a wonderful way to help your children feel connected and see how similar the things you did as a child are to what they are doing now. Funny stories are always the best.
- Ask your children to choose. Let them pick a game, television show or a song to sing in the car. Being part of a decision helps boost your children’s confidence and shows your interest in their opinions.
- Say YES! How about a special treat for dinner or a fun game? Make the time. Do your children want to wear pajamas all day? Relax the rules occasionally.
- Display their art and other creations. Your children’s creative expression is in every piece of artwork they make. Hanging up these creations at home or in your office can encourage creativity and show how important what they do is to you.
- Teach your children something new. Find what they are interested in—baking cookies, fixing a bike tire or tying their shoes—and help them learn how to do it. These become special moments you and your children will cherish.
- Start a daily tradition and establish routines. Knowing what to expect each day provides children with a secure loving environment to thrive in.
- Turn off the devises and play. This is fun for everyone and eases the stress of any day! | <urn:uuid:73beac8a-c808-41e1-bb87-d9251dc75d0e> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://houstonfamilymagazine.com/craft-time/fun-and-engaging-valentines-day-crafts-for-little-ones/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.93753 | 972 | 3.15625 | 3 |
IELTS by IDPの公式アプリができました! 今すぐダウンロード▶
The IELTS Writing test evaluates your ability to express yourself in written English and is designed to assess your writing skills in an academic or general context, depending on whether you are taking the Academic or General Training version of the IELTS test.
Here's an overview of the IELTS Writing test:
The IELTS Writing test consists of two tasks: Task 1 and Task 2.
In the Academic version of the test, Task 1 requires test takers to describe visual information, such as graphs, charts, or diagrams. Task 2 in the Academic version involves writing an essay in response to a question or statement.
In the General Training version, Task 1 requires writing a letter, often based on a given situation, and Task 2 involves writing an essay on a general topic.
In Task 1, test takers are usually required to write at least 150 words.
In Task 2, test takers are expected to write at least 250 words.
Test takers have 60 minutes in total to complete both tasks.
It's advisable to allocate approximately 20 minutes for Task 1 and 40 minutes for Task 2.
Each task is scored separately on a scale of 0 to 9.
The scores for both tasks are then averaged to determine your overall Writing band score.
Task 1 assesses your ability to present and describe visual information logically and coherently (Academic version) or to convey information in a clear and appropriate tone (General Training version).
Task 2 assesses your ability to provide well-structured arguments, opinions, and ideas in written form.
Preparing for the IELTS Writing test typically involves practicing writing essays and descriptions, understanding the format and expectations of each task, and improving your grammar and vocabulary.
Many test takers find it beneficial to use official IELTS practice materials and seek feedback on their writing from teachers or tutors. The ability to effectively express your thoughts in writing is crucial for academic and professional purposes, making the IELTS Writing test an important part of the overall IELTS test. | <urn:uuid:6fccbaa3-66d4-46f6-9a8c-6ec059e668e7> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://ieltsjp.com/japan/prepare/writing | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.805719 | 452 | 3.546875 | 4 |
Pre-contact aboriginal, and contemporary fire regimes of the savanna landscapes of northern Australia: Patterns, changes and ecological responses
- Year: 2001
- Author: Russell-Smith, Jeremy
- Journal Name: Ngoonjook
- Journal Number: 20
- Country: Australia
Fire regimes across the fire-prone savanna landscapes of northern Australia have changed markedly in many regions since the advent of European settlers (primarily pastoralists and miners) over a period spanning, at most, 150 years. These changes have been built on a large and rapidly growing number of descriptive and experimental studies. As a result, significant concerns have been expressed recently with respect to the cultural, economic, and ecological sustainability of contemporary fire regimes across that region (e.g. McDonald and Batt 1994; Rose 1995; Grice and Slatter 1997; Jacklyn and Russell-Smith 1998; Russell- Smith et al. 2000). | <urn:uuid:37455454-e969-451b-a857-2e95536ba8cb> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://inform.regionalaustralia.org.au/year/2001/item/pre-contact-aboriginal-and-contemporary-fire-regimes-of-the-savanna-landscapes-of-northern-australia-patterns-changes-and-ecological-responses-4?category_id=535 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.896416 | 185 | 2.828125 | 3 |
Let’s start from basic. Before we talk about MVVM design pattern, we must first understand “What is a Design Pattern?”. It can be defined as a solution which allows us to reuse the code structure while developing/designing the application. Design Patterns help you to write simplified & reliable code, which is easily understandable & can be reused multiple times. In simple words, design patterns help in managing code complexity.
Main advantage of MVVM Architecture is, it improves the testability. It is very easy to write test cases for View Model.
It is one of the design patterns which allows separating business logic from user interface. MVVM (Model-View-ViewModel) is a trending structural design pattern that focused on the separation of objects into three different groups:
Model is nothing but the business data or user data of your app. It is a collection of object with properties and some variable to contain data in memory. Some property of model can refer to other model object & it is called as model object.
View is a user interface.View display data to user & modify according to user action. Dynamic part like animation can be defined in view.
View Model is the main part of MVVM. The main responsibility of view model is to transform model information into values and display on view. It allows the user to interact with app data & modify the data according to user action.
Interesting Read : Brewing 3D touch into your iOS App for enhanced UX.
The responsibility of View & Model is same as in MVC & MVP. View Model is the new component in MVVM.
Why To Choose MVVM Over MVC & MVP
- Main advantage of MVVM Architecture is, it improves the testability. It is very easy to write test cases for View Model.
- Responsibility of view controller is reduces as it does not have to communicate between View & Model. View Model provides transparency to view controller which makes it easy to interact between View & Model.
- View doesn’t have access to Model like in MVC & MVP, it has access to View Model which contains data that can be used for UI.
- MVVM made it easier for developers to understand & read old code.
Disadvantage of MVVM
- For simple UI , MVVM can be overkill.
- Just like for bigger UI, it is shared to design View Model.
- For complex data binding, debugging will be difficult.
MVVM will not be very useful when you start your application. As your app’s requirements change, you may need to choose different design patterns based on your changing requirements.
Stay connected to Codewave for more such insights and feel free to reach us at [email protected] or +91 8971824910. If comfortable you may drop by at 1st Floor, Shree Chambers, #307, Outer Ring Rd, Banashankari 3rd Stage, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560085. Thanks for taking out time to read this article. We hope it enriched your existing knowledge. Do let us know your views, by sending an email to [email protected] | <urn:uuid:c2dc039d-12d9-4c5f-a2c2-d6ce37a02b5c> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://insights.codewave.com/mvvm-design-pattern-for-ios-and-android/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.919145 | 653 | 3.515625 | 4 |
58cm x 58cm
Jameson did not bottle our own whiskey until 1963. The first Jameson whiskey bottled at Bow Street was launched as Crested Ten. Back then, Jameson was available in 68 markets worldwide, exporting 15,000 cases annually to the United States.
During the 19th century Irish distillers did not bottle and sell their own whiskey. They simply produced the spirit, put it in casks and then sold it on to retailers directly, who would then supply the public as they wished. These spirits merchants were known as bonders, from the practice of holding whiskey “in bond” (i.e. without duties paid on it) in their specialised bonded warehouses.
Many pubs also doubled as bonders, which meant they could, supply their patrons with whiskey of which they were assured the provenance. Provenance and dishonesty were the main problem with this system as distilleries had no control over what happened to their whiskey after it left their premises. This lead some of the more unscrupulous proprietors to adulterate the whiskey coming from the cask or lie about how old it was, meaning that a distillery might end up with a bad name for their product through no fault of their own.
However, some whiskey bonders of the era were renowned for their dedication to the art of maturing and blending, such that their names and products have today become some of the most important in Irish whiskey.Though beginning life in 1805 as a tea shop and confectionary business, it was in 1887 that the Mitchell family made their mark on Irish spirit history. That was the year they decided to go into the whiskey bonding, following a period as solely wine merchants. The ingenious idea must have seemed quite obvious, they had lots of empty wine and sherry casks so why not send them across the river to Jameson’s Bow Street distillery to be filled with new make single pot still whiskey.
Once in the bonded warehouse the casks were given a coloured dash or spot, depending on how long they were due to be aged for, blue for seven years, green for 10, yellow for 12 and red for 15. This led to its renown as “Spot Whiskey” which became hugely popular with the high society of the time and had no lesser proponent than Samuel Beckett, who would order casks to be delivered to his Parisian literary atelier.
Thankfully, Mitchell and Son are still going strong, and aged single pot still whiskey from Midleton, in the form of Green and Yellow Spot is widely available.
John Jameson was originally a lawyer from Alloa in Scotland before he founded his eponymous distillery in Dublin in 1780.Prevoius to this he had made the wise move of marrying Margaret Haig (1753–1815) in 1768,one of the simple reasons being Margaret was the eldest daughter of John Haig, the famous whisky distiller in Scotland. John and Margaret had eight sons and eight daughters, a family of 16 children. Portraits of the couple by Sir Henry Raeburn are on display in the National Gallery of Ireland.
John Jameson joined the Convivial Lodge No. 202, of the Dublin Freemasons on the 24th June 1774 and in 1780, Irish whiskey distillation began at Bow Street. In 1805, he was joined by his son John Jameson II who took over the family business that year and for the next 41 years, John Jameson II built up the business before handing over to his son John Jameson the 3rd in 1851. In 1901, the Company was formally incorporated as John Jameson and Son Ltd.
Four of John Jameson’s sons followed his footsteps in distilling in Ireland, John Jameson II (1773 – 1851) at Bow Street, William and James Jameson at Marrowbone Lane in Dublin (where they partnered their Stein relations, calling their business Jameson and Stein, before settling on William Jameson & Co.). The fourth of Jameson’s sons, Andrew, who had a small distillery at Enniscorthy, Co. Wexford, was the grandfather of Guglielmo Marconi, inventor of wireless telegraphy. Marconi’s mother was Annie Jameson, Andrew’s daughter.
John Jameson’s eldest son, Robert took over his father’s legal business in Alloa. The Jamesons became the most important distilling family in Ireland, despite rivalry between the Bow Street and Marrowbone Lane distilleries.
By the turn of the 19th century, it was the second largest producer in Ireland and one of the largest in the world, producing 1,000,000 gallons annually. Dublin at the time was the centre of world whiskey production. It was the second most popular spirit in the world after rum and internationally Jameson had by 1805 become the world’s number one whiskey. Today, Jameson is the world’s third largest single-distillery whiskey.
Historical events, for a time, set the company back. The temperance movement in Ireland had an enormous impact domestically but the two key events that affected Jameson were the Irish War of Independence and subsequent trade war with the British which denied Jameson the export markets of the Commonwealth, and shortly thereafter, the introduction of prohibition in the United States. While Scottish brands could easily slip across the Canada–US border, Jameson was excluded from its biggest market for many years.
The introduction of column stills by the Scottish blenders in the mid-19th-century enabled increased production that the Irish, still making labour-intensive single pot still whiskey, could not compete with. There was a legal enquiry somewhere in 1908 to deal with the trade definition of whiskey. The Scottish producers won within some jurisdictions, and blends became recognised in the law of that jurisdiction as whiskey. The Irish in general, and Jameson in particular, continued with the traditional pot still production process for many years.In 1966 John Jameson merged with Cork Distillers and John Powers to form the Irish Distillers Group. In 1976, the Dublin whiskey distilleries of Jameson in Bow Street and in John’s Lane were closed following the opening of a New Midleton Distillery by Irish Distillers outside Cork. The Midleton Distillery now produces much of the Irish whiskey sold in Ireland under the Jameson, Midleton, Powers, Redbreast, Spot and Paddy labels. The new facility adjoins the Old Midleton Distillery, the original home of the Paddy label, which is now home to the Jameson Experience Visitor Centre and the Irish Whiskey Academy. The Jameson brand was acquired by the French drinks conglomerate Pernod Ricard in 1988, when it bought Irish Distillers. The old Jameson Distillery in Bow Street near Smithfield in Dublin now serves as a museum which offers tours and tastings. The distillery, which is historical in nature and no longer produces whiskey on site, went through a $12.6 million renovation that was concluded in March 2016, and is now a focal part of Ireland’s strategy to raise the number of whiskey tourists, which stood at 600,000 in 2017.Bow Street also now has a fully functioning Maturation Warehouse within its walls since the 2016 renovation. It is here that Jameson 18 Bow Street is finished before being bottled at Cask Strength.
In 2008, The Local, an Irish pub in Minneapolis, sold 671 cases of Jameson (22 bottles a day),making it the largest server of Jameson’s in the world – a title it | <urn:uuid:e1ee984a-c687-4609-b820-d27a6b936d71> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://irishpubemporium.com/product/vintage-john-jameson-co-dublin-whiskey-bottled-in-bond-by-quins-of-limerick-advert/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.977353 | 1,577 | 2.53125 | 3 |
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