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We often feel away from our own selves. Our mind races and our bodies are not in sync with our minds. It is at this time, when we are not able to think clearly or take an informed decision about a situation. We are also not able to be at ease. We feel restless, we overthink and we are not able to be present in the current situation. Instead, we are away, disconnected from the present. Our heart beats go fast and the breathing is fast, and we do not feel self-aware at all. This is what happens when our nervous system is not regulated. This further causes more problems for both the mind and the body.
Psychologist Nicole LePera, who is known for sharing important insights regarding mental health and the steps we can take in working on our own healing process, shared a few tips on how to know the nervous system is regulated or not. Nicole noted down the signs of knowing when our nervous system is regulated and asked us to take certain steps in healing ourself and being more self-aware.
Ability to think clearly – Nicole wrote that when our nervous system is regulated, our thoughts are not clouded. Instead, we are able to have a clear vision, and are also able to put our thoughts into words more effectively.
At ease – When we are self-aware, we feel more at ease. Our body does not feel hyper-vigilant and we are calmer.
Present in the current situation – With a regulated nervous system, we get to be more present in the current situation. We are able to take part in the active conversation as well.
Able to have fun – It is also important to be curious and playful at the same time. A regulated nervous system offers us the window to be open and silly.
No overthinking – The thoughts are in control. We are able to think clearly, without overthinking or letting our thoughts become intense and negative.
Heart rate is steady – The breathing is slow, paced and the heart rate is steady. The body feels more at calm.
Nicole further added that to regulate our nervous system, we need to be self-compassionate. It takes a lot of work., understanding our own selves and our body sensations in regulating the nervous system and leading a healthy life. | <urn:uuid:7b8f53d8-8214-48c3-884f-1d28e9c9db65> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.breathinglabs.com/sports-athletics/how-to-know-if-the-nervous-system-is-regulated-expert-offers-insights-health/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.973562 | 469 | 3.046875 | 3 |
The coal price has skyrocketed in 2021 – what does it mean for net zero?August 17, 2021
It is only a few days since the latest report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) signalled the dire consequences of human-induced climate change. At the heart of this stark warning by UN Secretary General António Guterres and the scientists behind the report was the urgent need to heavily reduce coal in the energy mix.
Yet in the run-up to publication, and absent from mainstream news headlines, was the steady ascent of coal prices, past US$100 (£72) per metric tonne in June and then past US$130 in mid-July to over US$170 today. This is almost four times the price last September.
The rise in prices can be attributed squarely to a resurgence of demand after the depths of the pandemic – especially in emerging Asian markets such as China and India, but also in Japan, South Korea, Europe and the US. Electricity demand, which remains closely linked to coal, is expected to have increased by 5% across 2021 and a further 4% in 2022.
On the supply side, there are also some issues such as China being unable to acquire coal from Australia due to an import ban, and smaller disruptions in the export output of major producers Indonesia, South Africa and Russia. But there are no long-term supply issues, as the main producing countries have not curtailed their production or export capacity. Prices should not therefore stay high for very long.
The revival of world demand for energy hopefully means the world economy is recovering from the pandemic, but the surge in coal prices is a reminder of how energy still relies on fossil fuels. Global energy consumption totalled 556 exajoules in 2020, and oil, coal and natural gas accounting for 31%, 27% and 25% of the total respectively. That adds up to more than four-fifths of the total.
Coal has two main uses, electricity generation and steel manufacturing, with the former responsible for about two-thirds of what is consumed. The faster we can remove coal from electricity generation, the higher the likelihood of achieving the Paris Agreement targets.
Yet coal seems to be resilient, if not stubborn, when it comes to its elimination. Since 2010, the percentage share of natural gas in total global electricity generation has stayed the same at 23% even though the world’s power consumption has risen by about a quarter. The percentage share of renewables, excluding hydroelectricity, has tripled and its actual generation in terawatt hours (TWh) has quadrupled. Meanwhile, coal has lost share, down to 35% from 40%, but it remains way ahead of natural gas, its closest competitor, and the amount of coal that we burn for electricity has gone up overall.
The reality is that coal makes good business sense. Coal-fired power plants have long been big enough to make the building costs economically viable, with the largest plants boasting a capacity of 5GW. The fuel is relatively cheap most of the time, and the biggest consumers, China, the US and India, all enjoy politically safe supplies.
Coal-fired generation is steady and predictable, making it suitable for ensuring the minimum level of electricity a country continually needs – known as the baseload. This guarantees that the proportion of the fuel converted into electricity, known as capacity utilisation, is typically over 70%. This has been affected by the continuous drive to replace coal with renewables and natural gas, taking it as low as 53% in 2019, but given the current levels of demand, we should expect it to be higher for 2021.
This all translates into steady income flows from selling coal-fired electricity to the grid in many countries, which makes this power source attractive to investors. When it comes to the triptych of supply security, affordability and sustainability, coal serves the first two with ease, even as it leaves a big dirty smudge on the third one.
The biggest users
The spectacular Chinese economic growth of the last 20 years, and the considerable expansion of electrification of the Indian economy, were largely based on coal. Thanks to them, the world has doubled its coal-fired capacity since 2000 to over 2,000GW.
In 2020, coal generated 63% of electricity in China and 72% in India. In the same year, China produced half of the world’s coal, nearly 4 billion tonnes, while India came a distant second with around 750 million tonnes. Between them, the two countries accounted for two-thirds of global consumption and were also the two largest importers. The figures truly boggle the mind.
Elsewhere, coal is on the back foot. In the US, the second-largest electricity generator after China, coal has retreated in favour of natural gas. It fired 20% of US electricity in 2020 compared to 43% in 2010, while natural gas has risen over the same period from 24% to 40%.
In Germany, coal generation has been equalled by wind, while in the UK coal is used only as a backup. Similarly, Japan and South Korea are expanding their natural gas, nuclear and renewables in an effort to reduce the carbon impact of their electricity generation. Even China has joined the efforts by adding new solar and wind capacity.
Nonetheless, it clearly remains difficult from a business perspective to eliminate coal worldwide: the west has essentially exported the problem to China because so much of the world’s heavy manufacturing has moved there. Coal-fired plants are long-term investments, often 40 to 50 years long. A plant built in 2000 is only halfway through its life, so shutting it down now, however desirable, would wreck the economics for the investors.
Unless coal prices remain permanently high (unlikely), or the cost of carbon emissions is more prohibitive due to taxes or carbon trading schemes (possible, but perhaps not everywhere), or there is direct government intervention to decommission plants, coal may yet surprise us all and persist for longer than we expect. For the sake of the next and following generations, let us hope it will not.
This article was originally posted on The coal price has skyrocketed in 2021 – what does it mean for net zero? | <urn:uuid:0420f2c1-fff0-4ded-ae0b-fc1dc83879e1> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.capitolhillpulse.com/business/the-coal-price-has-skyrocketed-in-2021-what-does-it-mean-for-net-zero/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.964927 | 1,268 | 2.8125 | 3 |
Understanding BLDC Motor Control Circuit Diagram Datasheet
Motors are the primary source of power in a variety of applications. Be it robotics, automobiles, home appliances, or any other device, motors are used to generate energy. To make sure they work efficiently, controlling the power supply and motion of the motor is critical. A BLDC motor control circuit diagram datasheet is a set of instructions and diagrams providing a detailed account of how to control the BLDC motor. This makes it easier for engineers, technicians, and DIY hobbyists to understand the working of BLDC motors and how to implement their controls.
The BLDC motor control datasheet covers a wide range of topics such as electrical parameters, monitoring functions, control types, wiring configurations, and more. In order to understand the datasheet thoroughly, knowing some basic electrical terms and principles is essential. The datasheet can then be used to ensure that your design meets the desired requirements.
The Basics of BLDC Motor Control
BLDC stands for Brushless DC, which is a type of motor. As the name implies, it does not require brushes for operation. Instead, it uses electronic commutation, which means power to the motor is controlled using electronic signals from an integrated circuit. This enables improved performance and accuracy with negligible friction and maintenance.
When designing a BLDC motor control circuit, several factors must be taken into consideration. The voltage supply must be stable and should not drop below the required value. The wiring must be done properly to ensure safe operation. Heat dissipation must be taken into account, as BLDC motors can generate a lot of heat. Additionally, the position of the switches must be chosen according to the type of motor. These are only some of the elements that must be recorded in the BLDC motor control circuit diagram datasheet.
Understanding the BLDC Motor Control Circuit Diagram
A BLDC motor control circuit diagram is a graphical representation of the circuit components that control the BLDC motor. It displays the connection between components, the power supply, and the speeds of the motor. Everyone involved in the design process must be familiar with the circuit diagram before proceeding with the design.
The BLDC motor control circuit diagram starts with the power supply module, which connects to the integrated circuit. The circuit then passes through the brushless DC interface and goes to the motor driver. Finally, the motor driver connects to the motor, allowing it to be powered. The diagram also displays the various switches that are used to control the speed and direction of the motor.
Using a BLDC Motor Control Datasheet for Designing
Once the BLDC motor control diagram is ready, the next step is to fill out the datasheet. The datasheet is a record of all the specifications, including electrical parameters, control types, wiring configurations, and more. This enables designers to ensure that every component matches the requirements of the design.
The datasheet can also be used to ensure that the design meets safety standards. It contains information about environmental factors such as temperature, pressure, and vibration, which must be evaluated before the design is finalized. This helps manufacturers to ensure that their products are safe and reliable.
In conclusion, a BLDC motor control circuit diagram datasheet is a key component of the motor control design process. By understanding the basics of BLDC motor control and learning how to read the datasheet, designers can create efficient, reliable, and safe designs.
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Designing A Brushless Motor Driver Circuit With The Mp6540 Article Mps | <urn:uuid:38f63359-2092-42a8-a547-2fc36f8fe2fa> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.caretxdigital.com/bldc-motor-control-circuit-diagram-datasheet/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.832833 | 1,021 | 4.0625 | 4 |
Request a full Catch Up® information brochure and details of our free information webinarsFind out more
I suspect that those of you who are reading this have extensive experience of working with struggling learners, and you use the Catch Up® interventions because you know the difference they can make, when delivered as intended. But do you know where it all started?
In 1995, Diana Bentley and Dee Reid used their research allowance as Senior Lecturers in Primary Education at Oxford Brookes University, to undertake a small-scale investigation to explore ‘hearing children read’. This was the birth of ‘Prepared Reading'.
At a luncheon for wealthy benefactors, hosted by Betty Root MBE, the ladies were expressing concerns about poor literacy levels in schools and wondering how they could put their money to good use. Diana piped up – ‘We know what works!’ As a result, the charitable organisation World in Need agreed to support Diana and Dee with a small-scale investigation to test the strength of Diana’s claim. Diana and Dee recruited a director, Suzi Clipson-Boyles and their 10-week project began.
The results were impressive, and the birth of an intervention had begun. However, as with all new things, a name is critical. What should this intervention be called?
Suzi was monitoring the research project in Wales and interviewed an 8-year-old boy who was well aware of the gap between his reading skills and those of his peers. He told Suzi that it didn’t matter how hard he tried, because everyone else was also getting better and he felt he could ‘never catch up’. Naming the intervention with a positive ‘Catch Up®’ told that boy that yes, he could!
The intervention also needed a logo, so it was back to the children for ideas. A competition was held, and the winning design can be seen at the top of this page.
A board of Trustees was set up and The Caxton Trust incorporated as a charity on 4th December 1997; on January 14th, 1998, Catch Up® was launched.
Since that day, we have reached out to share the Catch Up® interventions with over 30,000 adults, and we estimate over 500,000 learners.
In our current recovery phase from lockdowns, and responding to the continuing challenge of Covid-19, we have had some suggest that Catch Up® is a negative name for an intervention, but for us it is important to remain true to our history and to remember that we are here to make a difference for struggling learners – and it was one of them that named us!
Catch Up® is the working name of The Caxton Trust, a not-for-profit charity registered in England and Wales (1072425) and Scotland (SC047557) as well as a company limited by guarantee (03476510). Catch Up is a registered trademark. | <urn:uuid:a7a964eb-4a1f-49a6-bb96-3f1127add723> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.catchup.org/about/398/2022/2/whats_in_a_name.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.974944 | 610 | 2.671875 | 3 |
The Modern Sovereign: From 1817
In 1817, there was a major change in the British coinage, powered by the Industrial Revolution. The Royal Mint moved from The Tower of London to new premises on nearby Tower Hill, and acquired powerful new steam powered coining presses designed by Matthew Boulton and James Watt. the modern sovereign was born!
Saint George & The Dragon
A new reverse design was introduced featuring Saint George slaying a dragon, designed by a brilliant young Italian engraver, Benedetto Pistrucci. This beautiful classic design remains on our gold sovereigns today, almost two hundred years later, and for most of its life must have been one of the worlds most widely recognised coins. This first St. George design was within a garter, and was used from 1817 to 1820. For George IV the garter was removed, and the dragon fight continued from 1821 to 1825, in conjunction with a laureate portrait of the King.
Shields had featured on the very first sovereigns, and a new crowned shield design was introduced in 1825 during the reign of George IV. This continued, with slight changes for William IV, and although a crowned shield continued to be used for Victoria, it was surrounded by a laurel wreath.
Shield Back Sovereigns
We often hear people refer to these as "shield back" sovereigns, although we simply call them shield sovereigns, the word back being superfluous and tautological, as none were ever produced with a shield on the obverse (front).
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This guide and its content is copyright of Chard (1964) Ltd - © Chard (1964) Ltd 2023. All rights reserved. Any redistribution or reproduction of part or all of the contents in any form is prohibited.
We are not financial advisers and we would always recommend that you consult with one prior to making any investment decision. | <urn:uuid:849cc7d4-ae42-4129-bdc0-94568d0a0ab8> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.chards.co.uk/guides/the-modern-sovereign/154 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.962841 | 389 | 2.515625 | 3 |
The Automated Clearing House (ACH) is an electronic money network that processes financial transactions, such as direct deposits and direct payments. Ideal for businesses, ACH payments are quick, convenient, and often have lower rates than credit card transfers.
But how do ACH credits work, exactly? And how can they benefit your business? This article will explain everything you need to know about this popular type of ACH payment.
ACH credits are “push” transactions. This is when someone sends money from their bank to another account. For example, when employers pay employees, or when government agencies pay benefits to citizens – these are ACH credits.
ACH credits also include everyday transactions, such as buying products online or moving money via an app like Venmo. In 2021 alone, ACH handled a total of 29.1 billion payments worth over $72 trillion.
ACH credits are an easy and inexpensive way to move money from one bank account to another, with funds reaching the destination account within a few hours, or up to a few business days. To make these payments, all you need is a name, routing number, bank account number, and basic transaction details.
ACH credits are part of a digital money network, and are processed by the U.S. Federal Reserve or the Clearing House Payments Company, a private organization owned by major U.S. banks. The ACH network is overseen by the National Automated Clearing House Association (NACHA), and therefore all payments must follow NACHA’s guidelines.
ACH credits work like a digital check, pushing money from one bank account to another. Whether a person or business, both parties must authorize the transaction – you can’t push money to or from someone else’s bank account without formal permission.
Once both parties have signed off, the party initiating the ACH credit has their bank push funds to the destination account, which can be a one-off transaction, or created as a recurring payment.
For added security, many ACH authorization forms allow you to retrieve the money in case of accidental overpayment.
Here’s how ACH credits work from a mechanical perspective:
On average, it takes two business days for ACH credits to reach payees, depending on when the ACH transaction was submitted, or whether the sender pays extra for same-day processing.
When it comes to ACH credit vs debit, the main difference is that ACH credits are initiated by the sender, usually a bank, who “pushes” funds into another account, while ACH debits are initiated by the receiver of funds. In contrast to ACH credits, ACH debits happen when the payer allows the recipient to withdraw from the payer’s account, which is known as a “pull” transaction.
ACH debits are typically used for recurring payments, such as bills or mortgage repayments, while ACH credits are used for electronic deposits, including salaries or government benefits.
ACH credit transactions are quicker and safer than paper checks, especially for high-value payments. This is why businesses use them. Below, we’ll explain common scenarios in which businesses use ACH credits.
Businesses normally use ACH credit transactions to deposit paychecks. In these cases, the employer has set up an automatic recurring ACH credit transfer that pushes money from the company’s account to the employee’s account. Issuing refunds is another way that businesses use ACH credits.
Even the government uses ACH credits. Whether it’s disability benefits or the COVID-19 stimulus payment, the government agency will push funds from its account to multiple recipients.
When it comes to paying bills, many utility companies require ACH payments. This means that many businesses pay bills using ACH credits, setting up a recurring transfer that pushes funds to the utility company.
When customers are looking to buy something online, entering credit card details won’t be enough, depending on whether the merchant is too small or operating abroad. In these circumstances, the customer may have to use an ACH credit to push money to the business, rather than a credit card payment.
How does this work? First, the customer is given the company’s bank account details and then makes a transfer using the ACH system. The recipient bank or payment processor then creates a charge request and completes the payment.
As with any ACH credit, both parties must authorize the transfer, so the customer must take extra steps to send the funds. This means the transfer can take a few days to arrive.
There are many benefits to accepting ACH payments – for businesses and customers alike. The ACH network is ideal for high-value payments thanks to their low fees, but also for recurring payments, which is convenient for customers who are already familiar with direct debit payments, and for businesses because they don’t need to chase late or missed payments.
Here are the benefits of using ACH payments in more detail:
On average, ACH payments cost much less than credit and debit card payments, making them ideal for high-value transactions. Card payments cost more because they’re calculated through third-party credit card companies, rather than between just the two banks.
According to the 2022 AFP Payments Fraud and Control Report, most businesses still use checks as their primary payment method, even though two-thirds of businesses were victims of check fraud that year.
ACH payments are generally safer than other payment methods. This is because they must adhere to strict regulations enforced by clearing houses, with money transferred directly between accounts, and account numbers kept confidential. These security measures significantly reduce the risk of fraud.
ACH payments are ideal for recurring payments, offering convenience for customers and lower costs for businesses. First off, customers are already familiar with direct debit payments, so they should find ACH payments straightforward.
Meanwhile, subscription-based businesses, or companies that regularly bill customers, can cut costs by switching from credit card payments to ACH payments as the fees are typically lower - especially when a business is handling regular, monthly transactions. | <urn:uuid:5ce2abd8-0b7a-4cac-accc-e42a4639127f> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.checkout.com/blog/what-is-ach-credit | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.959144 | 1,256 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Injection moulding is one of the most time-consuming production techniques currently accessible. Over time, it has developed into a dependable mass production technique, with a number of interconnected parts that work to make sure everything goes according to plan.
The lifter, a crucial component of the system, rotates at an angle during the ejection stroke in order to slide and draw the cavity steel away from the undercuts in the die. Another crucial element in injection moulding is the mould core.
The standard lifter is generally used to create interior undercuts in plastic components that have been moulde. Once the finished product, such as plastic molded chairs or car plastic parts, has been made, the lifter also offers a method of ejection. This device can move over a little distance because of its simple construction and some degree of rigidity.
The two main parts of the injection moulding lifter are the body and the shaping pieces. According to this, injection moulding lifters can be classified as integral or non-integral. These two differences are defined by the structure’s body and its forming elements.
The use of a combined form is further made simple by an inbuilt lifter, which makes it easier to add replacements and carry out maintenance and repairs without impacting the other parts of the injection moulding machine. The system’s main part is the casting insert.
With the introduction of new items and the enhancement of existing ones, the injection moulding technology is becoming more reliable. The employment of lifters is just the beginning; they will be used for a very long time. | <urn:uuid:eb114ec5-f241-4221-a51c-172da3614274> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.chinafamousmanufacturer.com/learn-about-the-lifter-for-injection-moulding-and-its-uses/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.935216 | 328 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Cocoa Solids: What They Are and Why They Matter
Chocolate today is recognised as a contributor to health and well-being, as long as you choose the ‘healthy’ chocolate options. Cocoa solids are the best way to judge the quality of your chocolate.
What Are Cocoa Solids?Chocolate is made from sugar, fat and cocoa beans that have been roasted to release their flavour and then ground to produce chocolate ‘liquor’ which is about half finely ground cocoa solids and half cocoa butter. This liquor is then processed to form cocoa solids. Chocolate also contains sugar, milk, lecithin (from egg yolks, used to stabilise the ingredients), vanilla or other flavourings and so on.
Cocoa Solid LabellingA bar of chocolate produced in the EU or the USA has to be labelled with its cocoa content – but this may tell you either how much of the bar’s weight is comprised of cocoa solids (with cocoa butter) or may say cocoa ‘mass’. If the label says ‘cocoa solids’, it means both cocoa butter and the dry cocoa particles which can also be called powder.
Why Cocoa Solids MatterWhen buying chocolate the percentage of cocoa solids and sugar combine to determine the quality (and taste) of the chocolate. The higher the cocoa content and the lower the sugar percentage, the more chocolaty the taste will be.
Most people agree that a good plain, dark or bitter chocolate should contain at least 70% cocoa solids to produce the right blend of mouth-quality and taste. However, you can obtain up to 100% cocoa solid ‘chocolate’ which is used for cooking but actually is almost impossible to eat in its solid state as it is both bitter and dry.
You can judge chocolate solids in a bar by listening to the sound it makes when you snap it – the crisper the sound the more the cocoa solids in the bar – high fat or high sugar chocolates tend to break less cleanly and sound less snappy. Good quality chocolate will also melt very swiftly, because cocoa butter actually melts at a temperature just below the natural human body temperature. Of course all this depends on the type of chocolate you have chosen.
- High quality dark chocolate should have at least 70% cocoa solids or mass
- Good milk chocolate generally contains between 30% and 45% cocoa solids
- High end white chocolate is usually only made up of around 30% cocoa butter with very little or no cocoa solids.
Cocoa Solids and Good HealthFor many years people were told chocolate was simply an indulgence and ‘bad for you’ but this is not true. High quality chocolate (70% or higher cocoa solids) actually has several health-promoting qualities:
It contains vital trace elements and nutrients such as iron, calcium and potassium. Good chocolate, high in cocoa solids, also has vitamins A. B1, C, D, and E.
Cocoa solids are very high in magnesium – the deficiency of which can contribute to high blood pressure, heart disease, diabetes and joint problems. Magnesium deficiency is also a major cause of pre-menstrual tension (PMT). Increasing the dietary intake of magnesium contributes to a woman’s pre-menstrual progesterone levels and that reduces the emotional mood-swing element of PMT. | <urn:uuid:abd01c01-16ed-464f-b2f4-88ef8c707ff9> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.chocolateexpert.co.uk/cocoa-solids-what-are-why-matter.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.950228 | 717 | 3.15625 | 3 |
In the early 400s, a Christian writer described a relic in Jerusalem believed to be the crown of thorns imposed on Jesus’ head before his crucifixion. Whether this relic was genuine, or what anyone said about it earlier than that I don’t know. It was certainly believed to be the real thing.
In the 11th century, the crown of thorns was moved from Jerusalem to Byzantium, the old eastern part of the Roman Empire. Two hundred years later the Byzantine emperor used the crown of thorns as collateral for a loan from the city of Venice. Since the Byzantine Empire was falling apart at the time, the emperors couldn’t make the payments. So the crown was redeemed by the King of France. He brought it to Paris, where it was housed in the church of Sainte-Chappelle until the French Revolution in 1789. The revolutionary government moved the crown to the National Library, where it stayed until the middle of the 19th century, when it was given a new home in a relic chapel of the city’s newly-renovated cathedral, Notre-Dame de Paris.
On Monday [April 15, 2019] the world watched this astonishing piece of artistic and engineering mastery, fused with centuries of profound religious devotion, go up in flames. Those people especially committed to the religious significance of the place worried about the crown--would it, too, be lost in the flames along with the irreplaceable woodwork and the Gothic-style spire.
But the priest who serves as chaplain of the Paris firefighters, Father Jean-Marc Fournier, rushed in and rescued the crown of thorns and the consecrated Sacrament--the body of Christ--from the flames. The irreplaceable treasures of the cathedral were passed hand to hand, out of the burning structure to safety.
Everything dies. People die, of course. Their heart ruptures or fails. Cancer cells take over their body. They suffer head trauma from a car crash or they overdose, they’re shot or starved or they hang on a cross until their legs can’t hold their chest up and they suffocate. But not just people. Books die. Ideas die. Whole nations and empires and systems of law and government die. The Byzantine Empire died. The Roman Empire died. They all do, eventually.
Even buildings die. They die in earthquakes and floods, they die of neglect or hostility, they get replaced. They burn. Even places as stunning and timeless as Notre Dame, whose artisans laid the cornerstone a hundred years before the towers were completed. Work done by workers who knew they would die long before their work was complete. Those buildings die.
Everything dies. And yet nothing is ever finished. If you’ve been to Europe and seen the old churches you know that they exist in layers. The bottom is from the 10th century, the walls from the 14th, the roof is new, only 200 years old. And they are always being rebuilt because they’re always falling down. They’re always dying.
Everything dies but we try to save what we can. We try every treatment, we spend the last dollar, we fight past hope.
Everything is falling down, but we try to preserve it, to build back, to add our own layer, to add our own wall to the project that is never finished. We pass what we love along, hand to hand, in a great chain whose links all die before the treasure ever reaches safety.
Everything dies, but a fire chaplain can run into a burning cathedral to rescue an ancient relic and the true Body of Christ.
Everything dies, but Peter can draw his sword and strike off the ear of the high priest’s slave. Everything dies, but the king’s followers--if there are enough of them, if they have the heart for it--can storm the palace and rescue the imprisoned king.
St. Augustine, writing sixteen centuries ago about the Roman Empire, said that in the beginning the gods protected the city of Rome, but in the end the city was protecting the gods. He meant this as a criticism. It refuted pagan religion, which worshiped gods precisely because they had the power to protect their city.
But there’s something beautiful about it, too. What kind of a person would not rush into a burning building to save the body of his savior? Who would Peter have been if he had not drawn his sword in defense of his friend, even when the odds were hopeless? Who would we be if we did not risk ourselves to save that thing that can never be saved: the life of another? Who would we be if we did not strive to add our part to the work that is never finished?
That’s what it means to be human. If we’re good at it, we’ll protect what we love, even if it is hopeless to do so. We will strive to finish the work that can never be finished.
This is the day that Jesus died. The people who loved him tried to prevent it, or fled, or denied him to save themselves and suffered for it. But it was all no use. He was captured, put on trial, beaten, mocked, made up with a crown of torture and a robe of ridicule. He was hung on a piece of wood until he asphyxiated.
And yet in the midst of friends who tried and failed to love him as humans love, in the midst of enemies who cursed and abused him as humans do, Jesus is the one offering protection. Jesus gives his blessed mother to the care of his disciple. Jesus looks on Peter with grief and love. Jesus does not answer the taunts and the violence. Jesu would rather suffer all things, bear every taunt and curse, absorb every blow than harm the hair on one human head. Jesus does not need to be protected. He needs no vengeful army of followers and no host of angels. Jesus is the one who protects until the end.
And in the midst of a world whose work is never complete, where nothing made by human hands is ever finished, Jesus finishes the work of salvation. “It is finished,” he says, and dies. No one else will ever suffer to fulfill God’s righteousness. No one else will ever die to redeem humanity. No one will ever add one jewel to his crown. Time breaks down every wall and we build back what we love. But salvation is finished forever.
In the days after the fire, it turned out that the chaplain, Father Fournier, had not merely rescued the sacrament. He had held up the Body of Christ, and in the custom of the Roman Church, said the benediction over the five hundred firefighters and the burning cathedral. Jesus blessed and protected them even as the building burned.
In the end, we do not protect Jesus. He protects us. In flame and destruction, he would rather be consumed than lose any of his own. In this world where everything dies and nothing lasts and nothing is ever finished, only the crown of thorns can be the royal crown of triumph. Only the lost and abandoned Savior can rescue his city. Only the one who stands amid flame and death can shed his grace on all who draw near. And only the work of divine love can ever be finished. | <urn:uuid:2b6ff422-2c10-41d4-89e3-d9de03a1b217> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.clcdallas.org/blog/finished | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.970569 | 1,517 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Another storm and millions lose power. It’s a familiar story, in this era of more severe and unusual weather events.
But while natural disasters can’t be prevented, the power outages that follow them can be, with smarter use of more modern technology.
Nearly three days after the unusually early snowstorm in the Northeast that brought over two feet of snow, three million people are still without electricity. Governors in New Jersey, Connecticut, and Massachusetts have declared a state of emergency. Connecticut’s extensive power outages broke the record set by Hurricane Irene this past August. On Monday, October 31st, 764,000 were still without power and 20% of the state’s cell towers were down.
Powerful storms routinely disrupt electric transmission lines, occasionally destroy transportation infrastructure, pose a threat to nuclear reactors, and disrupt coal and natural gas infrastructure. Facilities such as hospitals, 911 call centers, and supermarkets need reliable electric generation to provide critical support in emergency situations. Homes and businesses are left without water, cooling and heating, and communication. The failure to install reliable backup power systems at critical facilities represents a serious weakness in emergency response infrastructure.
Unfortunately, little has been done to update many of our nation’s most critical facilities’ backup technologies. Our nation’s backup power systems rely mainly on 19th century technologies, namely diesel generators.
Conventional diesel generators often lie dormant for long periods of time, causing them to be more susceptible to mechanical failure. Moreover, these emergency generators rely on fuel—and as we’ve experienced in recent storms, fuel cannot be pumped when a gas station loses electricity or when snowstorms block roadways. A 2003 New York City blackout report stated that a small percentage of emergency generators ceased to operate, either from failing to initiate power generation, mechanical failure, or from exhausting their fuel supply. Just two months ago, Connecticut reported that 30% of its gas stations were without power following Hurricane Irene. The stations had gas, but ironically, not the power to pump it.
While there is no source of electricity that is completely immune from natural disasters, clean energy technologies such as fuel cells, if properly designed, can be more reliable and safer. Smaller, on-site, distributed generation, clean energy technologies produce power directly at the source and can operate independently when the grid fails or when fuel cannot be delivered. While these technologies are not fail-safe, they can provide more reliable power and run at full capacity to power critical electrical loads.
There are many options for backup power in electrical outages; each system is different in its ability to generate power. Whether for your home or commercial application, traditional backup power is provided through battery systems or combustion-based generators. The main challenge for all conventional backup power technologies is providing sufficient power for an extended period. Solar (PV) with battery backup or fuel cells can provide long-term reliable clean electricity. A PV system is the more affordable option for home owners, while fuel cells are a more cost-effective alternative for larger-scale applications.
When integrated with a battery energy storage system, PVs can provide continuous electricity supply on cloudy days or at night. Similarly, PV systems can power critical infrastructure in remote locations. In 2010, Xcel Energy provided funding to the West Central Telephone Association for remote PV telecommunication power kits.
Fuel cells, in particular, are well-suited for critical applications. Most backup power systems address applications requiring less than 5 kW. At this range, battery-powered generators can provide full power for 15 minutes. Fuel cells operate at much higher efficiencies (40%-50% for electric conversion; 80% for CHP) than coal-based technologies (operating at 30-35% electrical efficiency), enabling fuel cells to provide power longer than conventional generators.
Critical infrastructure applications for fuel cell technology include a recent installation at Whole Foods Market in Glastonbury, CT. While much of the surrounding area lost power during Hurricane Irene and the October snowstorm, a backup generator and a fuel cell kept the store’s coolers running and enabled the store to reopen its doors after both storms, providing much needed food and water to area residents. Similarly, in September’s California blackout, Albertson’s market continued to operate by a natural-gas powered fuel cell. Other critical energy fuel cell installations include the largest in the nation—Verizon’s 911 call center in Long Island, which operates as a grid-independent first responder station.
Despite these encouraging investments and critical application installations, state and federal governments have been slow to enact public policy requiring more reliable systems.
State legislatures should expand power protection to require the immediate installation of newer, reliable clean power technologies in critical facilities. States and the federal government can lead the way by installing on-site clean energy generation systems at public buildings, emergency shelters, first responder stations, and other critical infrastructure. Moreover, states should be providing long-term incentives to promote and support renewable energy installations in homes and at critical facilities. (The Clean Energy States Alliance recently published a compendium of short briefing papers for policy makers covering the use of fuel cells in critical power applications and in supermarkets, among other topics; read it here.)
Until incentives and policies support the widespread use of reliable on-site clean energy technologies, emergency response systems will remain vulnerable to failure and public safety will continue to be threatened by natural disasters. Federal and state governments must take steps to stronger, more reliable emergency management and homeland security. Clean energy is a critical step in reliable power in emergency situations. | <urn:uuid:fefb2cd8-fe36-4e9e-b0cd-cb6ee2e63fa8> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.cleanegroup.org/power-outages-and-natural-disasters-which-ones-are-avoidable/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.933536 | 1,140 | 3.34375 | 3 |
You may have heard the term HTML before, but what does HTML actually mean? HTML is an acronym that stands for HyperText Markup Language. Markup languages are different from programming languages. Whereas programming languages help us modify data, we use markup languages to determine how elements are displayed on a webpage.
HTML has a simple, text-based structure that’s easy for beginners to learn and understand. Here’s an example:
<html> <head> <title>Page Title</title> </head> <body> <h1>Heading</h1> <p>Content</p> </body> </html>
So, what is HTML used for? Web developers use it to organize, format, and display a web page’s content. Read on to learn more about how HTML works, how HTML5 improved its functionality, and the different careers that use it.
How does HTML work?
HTML is usually stored in files that use the .htm or .html extension. A website can include hundreds or even thousands of these HTML files kept in various directories.
When you visit a web page, its server sends its HTML files to your browser. Your browser then reads the HTML in the files and displays it. Some web applications don’t use static HTML but generate it in response to specific actions on their servers.
What are HTML tags and elements?
Think of HTML elements as the building blocks of a web page. Elements are defined by their opening and closing tags and can be nested within other elements. Web developers use elements to structure a web page into sections, headings, and other content blocks. Here’s an example:
<div> <h1>Heading</h1> <p>The main content</p> <ul> <li>List item one</li> <li>List item two</li> </ul> </div>
In the HTML example above, the first element we see is
<div>, which wraps around the other elements. Div is one of the most common HTML elements and is a simple way to separate a page into sections. For example, if you wanted to create two columns on a web page, you could use div elements to define them.
Nested inside the div, we see an
<h1> element. H1 elements define the main heading of a web page. The text within a heading will usually be larger and bolder, depending on the styles applied to the page.
<p> tag creates a paragraph element. There will usually be a margin after the element, again, depending on the styles.
Finally, we see a few sets of nested elements. The
<ul> tag creates an unordered list, which does nothing until you nest at least one set of list elements (
<li>) within it. A browser would render these elements as something like this:
- List item one
- List item two
The HTML elements listed above are some of the most common, but we can use others to add images, tables, and other elements to web pages.
What is HTML5?
HTML5 is the latest version of HTML. The update improved the language’s functionality, enabling the use of features that previously required additional software like browser plugins. It also added the ability to create applications using HTML that function offline. Here are some of the tags that HTML5 added to the language:
<video>: The video tag allows developers to embed and stream video from a browser without needing a plugin like Flash or Silverlight
<audio>: The audio tag is similar to the video tag in that you can use it to embed and stream sound files from a web browser.
<nav>: HTML5 also added new tags to define specific web page sections, like the nav tag, which defines navigation elements.
The features listed above are only some of the many brought about by HTML5. It was one of the biggest changes in the language’s definition and made way for today’s modern dynamic web pages.
What is HTML used for?
Now that we understand HTML’s tags and elements and the updates brought about by HTML5, let’s take a closer look at what the language can do.
Structuring web pages
With tags and elements, we can define the headings, paragraphs, and other contents of a web page. Browsers come with a built-in stylesheet that visually differentiates these elements. Content surrounded with
<h1> tags will have a large, bolded font and its own line. Surrounding text with
<h2> tags will make it bold and slightly smaller than the
<h1> elements, and so on. Without these tags, the text on the web page would all look the same.
Navigating the internet
Navigating the internet would be much harder without HTML. Imagine having to manually enter the URL of every web page you wanted to visit. This would be our reality without anchor tags. HTML’s anchor tags allow us to link pages to and from each other using the href attribute. Here’s an example:
As you’ve probably guessed, the code snippet above creates a hyperlink to Google. You can also use hyperlinks to link to a specific section of a webpage.
Embedding images and videos
HTML also allows you to not only embed images into a webpage but also adjust their width, height, position, and even the way they’re rendered.
In the past, developers would use Flash to embed videos into a webpage. But, with HTML5’s addition of the
<video> tag, that’s no longer necessary.
Along with embedding videos, you can use other HTML attributes to adjust video controls, timestamps, thumbnails, autoplay, and more.
Improving client-side data storage and offline capabilities
Plus, the application cache and cache manifest files you can reference from HTML allow users to browse a website while offline by retaining data on the user’s machine. This allows your web app to continue functioning even if a user’s connection drops.
While you can’t create video games purely with HTML, the
Interacting with native APIs
Another feature of HTML is that it can interact with your operating system, not just with your web browser. These features make it possible to drag files onto a web page to upload them, full-screen a video, and more.
What careers use HTML?
Back-end engineers also need to be proficient with HTML. Even though the other languages in their tech stacks may generate HTML for them, they still need to understand HTML structure to keep everything running smoothly.
We also use HTML outside of the Internet, like in intranets and internal applications. So, even if you’re coding for offline purposes, you should still learn HTML. It can even be beneficial for non-technical teams, as some marketers use it for blogs and emails.
Learn more about HTML
You can find out more about HTML and its many uses in our Learn HTML course. In this course, you’ll learn everything you need to know about HTML’s basic syntax while creating your first web page. | <urn:uuid:f273999b-eb6d-467b-a727-1fa773711ea6> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.codecademy.com/resources/blog/what-is-html/?utm_source=ccblog&utm_medium=ccblog&utm_campaign=ccblog&utm_content=cw_freelance_web_dev_guide | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.842686 | 1,498 | 4.09375 | 4 |
? This Dinosaurs theme Number Sequences packet is full of worksheets to help your students practice place value and number order. It includes 39 engaging worksheets which provide students practice with numbers 1-20, number order, fill in missing numbers, and so much more! The pack includes worksheet variations to ensure that you can cater to all the students in your classroom. These worksheets are perfect for your little students (Preschool and Kindergarten). It is perfect for whole-class activities, math stations, distance learning, homework, and review.
✅ What’s included in this Resource:
1. Number Sequence Mazes (1-10; 1-20) – The student will count and trace numbers;
2. Cut and paste activities with missing numbers (1-20); The students will paste the missing numbers.
2. Missing Numbers activities – numbers before and after (1-20) – The students will fill in the missing numbers;
3. Missing Numbers activities with missing numbers in the middle (1-20)
4. Number Matching mats with numbers to 10 and 11-20.
5. Ordinal Numbers (Counting Line) – The students will mark the objects is in the correct spot.
6. Counting Puzzles (1-5, 6-10; 11-20) – Number order.
7. Hidden numbers (1-5, 1-10; 11-20) – fill in the missing numbers.
8. Searching Numbers activity (Mats) – search and color numbers.
9. Cut and paste activities – Cut and paste the numbers 1-10 in the correct number order.
❗️Digital Download – no physical product will be sent to you.
? Digital file type(s): PDF
? This digital product is easy to prepare: Print and use.
? Print (in black/white).
Questions? Please email me at [email protected].
If you notice any errors, please email me before leaving negative feedback. My email address is located on the credits page. Thank you so much!
All files are for personal use only and cannot be used commercially or be resold/redistributed. Thank you ♥
? Not ready to download? Be sure to pin it and save it for later! ?
⭐️ Thank you so much for visiting my shop!⭐️
*??Если вы предпочитаете учебные материалы на русском языке, переходи на русскоязычную версию этого комплекта по ссылке
JOIN OUR COMMUNITY!
Join our free | <urn:uuid:2d561773-b26b-4aaf-b09b-1ff416cb2997> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.cooltotschool.com/product/dinosaurs-number-sequences-1-20-worksheets/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.790273 | 646 | 3.609375 | 4 |
Life and Death of a Twenty Dollar Bill
The government prints millions of notes a day. Here's a quick look at what goes into creating a $20 bill and what determines when a bill's lifespan ends.1
A $20 bill starts out life as part of a large sheet of paper. While most paper is made primarily from wood pulp, the paper used by the U.S. Bureau of Engraving and Printing doesn't contain any wood at all. Currency paper is composed of a special blend of 75% cotton and 25% linen. It's made with special watermarks and has blue and red fibers embedded in it along with a special security thread.2
Each blank sheet is tracked from the time it leaves the mill until it is printed, and the entire shipment is continuously reconciled to make certain all are accounted for.
These blank sheets of cotton and linen paper get printed four times. Background images and colors are printed – both sides at once – using offset presses that are over 50 feet long and weigh over 70 tons. After drying for 72 hours, the portraits, vignettes, scrollwork, numerals, and letters are printed on the back using Intaglio presses that are a mere 40 feet long and weigh only 50 tons. After drying for another 72 hours – in special guarded cages – more portraits, vignettes, scrollwork, numerals, and letters are printed on the front using the Intaglio presses. Finally, the serial numbers, Federal Reserve seal, Treasury Department seal, and Federal Reserve identification numbers are printed using a letterpress.3
Cutting and Wrapping
Once dry, these printed sheets are gathered in stacks of 100 to be cut by a specially designed guillotine cutter. Each new stack of 100 $20 bills is wrapped with a special paper band. Ten of these 100-note stacks are gathered, machine-counted, and shrink-wrapped into a bundle. Then, four of these shrink-wrapped bundles are collated together, given a special barcode label, and shrink-wrapped again to create a brick of 4,000 bills, worth $80,000.3
Distribution and Circulation
The Treasury Department ships these newly printed $20 bills to the Federal Reserve Banks, who in turn pay them out to banks and savings and loans – primarily in exchange for old, worn-out bills. The new bills are handed out to customers of these institutions as they withdraw cash, either through tellers or through automated teller machines.3
An average $20 bill will change hands often, but even the U.S. Bureau of Engraving and Printing isn't sure how many times a bill will move from one pocket to the next. Contrary to popular belief, the government doesn't have any way to track individual bills.
There is a polyester security thread embedded in the paper that runs vertically up one side of each bill. If you look closely, the initials USA TWENTY, along with the bill's denomination, and a small flag, are visible along the thread from both sides of the bill. This thread makes currency more difficult to counterfeit, but cannot be tracked electronically.2
Banks gather worn-out and damaged currency, sending it to the Federal Reserve in exchange for new bills. The Federal Reserve then sorts through these bills to determine which are still usable. Those bills deemed usable are stored until they can go out again through the commercial banking system. Those deemed no longer usable are cut into confetti-like shreds.4
1. Federal Reserve, 2023
2. USCurrency.gov, 2023
3. BEP.gov, 2023
4. BEP.gov, 2023
The content is developed from sources believed to be providing accurate information. The information in this material is not intended as tax or legal advice. It may not be used for the purpose of avoiding any federal tax penalties. Please consult legal or tax professionals for specific information regarding your individual situation. This material was developed and produced by FMG Suite to provide information on a topic that may be of interest. FMG Suite is not affiliated with the named broker-dealer, state- or SEC-registered investment advisory firm. The opinions expressed and material provided are for general information, and should not be considered a solicitation for the purchase or sale of any security. Copyright FMG Suite. | <urn:uuid:251b4b7a-70d3-45f4-bb12-df5f653946fc> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.cypress.capital/resource-center/money/life-and-death-of-a-20-dollar-bill | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.940327 | 889 | 3.609375 | 4 |
An industrial electrician installs, repairs, and maintains electrical systems in industrial settings. They can read and interpret blueprints and technical drawings and follow all relevant codes and regulations.
Companies must have an industrial electrician on staff to prevent fires or injuries caused by malfunctioning equipment. These professionals often create reports or logs of company appliances to help managers keep track of maintenance. Click https://www.yourhomesolutionspa.com/ to learn more.
Industrial electricians work on heavy machinery, such as that found in factories, oil refineries, and power plants. They install, test, and repair electrical systems in these settings. They often work overnight and weekends but are well compensated for these shifts. Most industrial electricians have a high school diploma and have completed an apprenticeship or a post-secondary training program at a trade school. A few of these electricians have a college degree in electrical engineering, technology, and electrical engineering.
Many states and industries employ more industrial electricians than others. Those working in manufacturing, mining, and construction have some of the highest employment levels. These positions also pay well and offer benefits, including a 401K and medical, dental, and life insurance.
Two main ways to become an industrial electrician are to complete a post-secondary education program at a trade school or take on a union-sanctioned electrician apprenticeship. The education option typically requires two to three years and includes classroom instruction and hands-on experience with equipment. An apprenticeship can take longer but provides the advantage of earning wages while learning on the job.
Apprenticeships are available through union programs affiliated with the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers (IBEW), non-union trade schools, and electrical contractors. The advantage of a union-sanctioned program is that it often offers better pay, benefits, and advancement opportunities. However, the downside is that you are locked into the union for a few years as you work toward becoming a journeyman electrician.
Once you are a journeyman electrician, you can seek a special or master electrician license. The special license allows you to work in specific buildings or lots, such as hospitals, hotels, and school districts. The master license lets you bid on any electrical work.
Regardless of your chosen path, both require you to be mechanically inclined and skilled at using tools. You must also be detail-oriented and capable of reading blueprints and electrical schematics. It is helpful to have a basic understanding of computer software, such as Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC), and the ability to work in various industrial environments.
Industrial electricians install electrical systems in new buildings as part of their job. They also inspect existing systems and make recommendations for repairs. They must follow several plant and OSHA safety policies when working with electricity, including using personal protective equipment (PPE). They may need to communicate with clients to ensure they understand their needs before work begins.
Whether working on an installation or a repair, industrial electricians use various tools to complete their work. That includes large equipment such as motors, transformers, and generators. In addition, they need to know how to read blueprints and technical drawings to ensure they are installing the right electrical components for the correct system.
An industrial electrician can work well with a team of people. They often need to communicate with clients and co-workers to make sure they understand their requirements for a particular project. They also need to be able to follow instructions from supervisors and managers to complete their work.
In addition to their electrical expertise, industrial electricians must have physical stamina and manual dexterity. Their work requires them to lift heavy objects and climb ladders or scaffolding when inspecting and repairing equipment. They also need good organizational skills to keep track of paperwork and files associated with their job.
When a commercial or industrial building experiences an electrical issue, it can be a critical issue that threatens productivity and potentially the safety of staff members. Because of this, it’s vital that an industrial electrician is available for emergency repairs and to provide ongoing maintenance services.
As an industrial electrician, you can find jobs in several different industries. Depending on your qualifications and experience, you can receive a decent salary for this role. Apprentices tend to receive the lowest salaries, while master industrial electricians can negotiate a higher pay rate depending on their skill level and experience. Your job location can also influence how much you will earn, as many cities offer better wages than rural areas.
Electrical problems aren’t just a matter of fixing them once they occur; industrial electricians also perform routine maintenance. That can include monitoring electrical systems to detect problems or potential problems and recommending future repairs or maintenance. An industrial electrician must understand how the system works so they can offer accurate advice and prevent issues from arising in the future.
This type of work requires physical stamina, manual talent, and the ability to follow health and safety regulations. People in this role often work in cramped spaces and may need to climb ladders or scaffolding when inspecting equipment. They also use hand tools like pliers, wire cutters, screwdrivers, knives, and conduit benders. Some of these tools require special care, so the electrician must know how to handle them.
A career in this field can be very rewarding. After completing an apprenticeship, an industrial electrician can become a master electrician and move into roles that require management skills, such as an electrical supervisor or factory manager. It’s common for those in this field to continue their education by taking courses that can improve their technical knowledge and increase their salary.
An industrial electrician must know electrical codes and standards, including the National Electrical Code (NEC). These electricians may oversee contractors to ensure all work is carried out correctly. They also analyze data, review project plans, and provide recommendations during contractors’ meetings.
In addition to repairing electrical problems, an industrial electrician must keep records of all work performed and maintain an inventory of electrical supplies. They may also conduct inspections of the facility and its equipment and write reports when required. This job can be challenging, but it is very satisfying for those who enjoy working with their hands and have the technical skills needed to do well in this industry.
Industrial electrical work involves working with more significant amounts of voltage and sensitive machinery, which requires specialized training and licensure. An industrial electrician’s services are typically needed to repair or maintain complex and expensive systems in businesses, warehouses, factories, and production facilities.
These systems include electrical wiring, lighting fixtures, and the equipment used. Industrial electricians perform repairs and maintenance tasks based on blueprints, technical drawings, and electrical code specifications.
In addition to inspecting and repairing existing electrical systems, an industrial maintenance electrician may be called upon to install electrical equipment and lighting in new buildings or warehouses. This type of work is often done on an emergency basis to minimize production downtime and ensure the safety of workers.
Industrial electricians follow a supervisor’s instructions during installation to complete the task. They also ensure that all safety measures are adhered to in the workplace. Apprentice industrial electricians typically work with experienced journeymen to gain hands-on experience. Once an electrician has gained enough experience to become a journeyman, they can begin performing independent electrical equipment repairs and maintenance.
After an industrial electrician inspects a piece of equipment or a system, they may test it to ensure the components function properly. Sometimes, they may need to order new parts and perform additional repairs to get the equipment running again. They must also maintain logs of all equipment tested, repaired, or replaced.
An industrial maintenance electrician works for electrical contractors and the maintenance departments of manufacturing plants, mines, shipyards, warehouses, and other industrial establishments. They have excellent analytical and problem-solving skills, as well as physical stamina. That very hands-on job often involves climbing ladders and bending over for extended periods.
An industrial electrician’s preventive maintenance procedures are designed to identify and fix minor problems before they escalate into major issues that could lead to costly production disruptions. It also helps to ensure that electrical equipment is operating at peak efficiency, which can reduce energy consumption and associated costs. | <urn:uuid:ae97b4df-21de-4d7c-bbb7-3219a996002f> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.deckgreenville.com/tag/electrical-contractors/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.956473 | 1,675 | 2.796875 | 3 |
Smoking is the biggest cause of preventable deaths in England, accounting for more than 80,000 deaths each year. One in two smokers will die from a smoking-related disease.
Why children and young people do it
Young people may smoke for different reasons — it could be for stress relief, pleasure, or something they do in social situations.
Many young people start smoking because their friends or family members do.
Smoking is addictive. That means once you start, it can be difficult to stop. Nicotine is the main addictive substance in cigarettes and other forms of tobacco. Nicotine affects many parts of the body, including the brain. About 80–90% of people who smoke regularly are addicted to nicotine.
When a regular smoker doesn’t smoke, they may have withdrawal symptoms. Their body isn’t used to not having nicotine. Withdrawal symptoms may include:
- feeling down or sad
- having trouble sleeping
- feeling irritable‚ on edge‚ grouchy
- having trouble thinking clearly and concentrating
- feeling restless and jumpy
- slower heart rate
- feeling more hungry or gaining weight.
If you want to stop smoking yourself, or you want to help a young person quit, there is lots of support out there.
Talk to your GP
They can refer people to a local ‘stop smoking’ service and prescribe nicotine replacement therapy, such as patches and gum, or stop smoking medication such as Champix.
Join your local stop smoking service
People are up to four times more likely to quit successfully with the help of a local stop smoking service. These services are staffed by trained stop smoking advisers and are available all over the country. Support is available in group sessions or on one-to-one basis. People usually go for a few weeks and work towards a quit date.
Find your nearest stop smoking service from the NHS Smokefree website, or call the Smokefree national helpline on 0300 123 1044 to speak to a trained adviser.
Find online support
The NHS Smokefree website has been designed to give a range of evidence-based support for you.
It’s all available for free and can boost your chances of success whatever method you are using.
Follow the instructions and connect with the free online support that’s available.
Keep an emergency phone number to hand
If you feel like giving in to your cravings and having a cigarette, call this number, which could be your local stop smoking service or the national Smokefree helpline.
“We’re here on 0300 123 1044 from Monday to Friday 9am to 8pm, and Saturday and Sunday 11am to 4pm answering calls from people who are about to have a cigarette and want help not lighting up,” says Chris, one of the helpline advisers. “We can talk about why you want to smoke and how to deal with your cravings.”
Consider using a nicotine-containing product
Cigarettes are addictive, and self-control alone might not be enough for you to stop entirely.
Give yourself a better chance of success by using nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). This is available on prescription from your GP, from your local stop smoking service or from a pharmacist.
You could also consider trying e-cigarettes. While they’re not risk-free, they are much safer than cigarettes and can help people stop smoking.
Find your nearest NHS stop smoking service from the NHS Smokefree website, or call 0300 123 1044.
Email an expert
Read more about the stop smoking treatments available on the NHS.
Visit NHS Choices
Read these 10 tips to stop smoking.
Help us improve
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Botany. belonging to the genus Allium (formerly the family Alliaceae).: Compare allium.
having the odor or taste of garlic, onion, etc.
Dictionary.com Unabridged Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2023
How to use alliaceous in a sentence
An ethereal liquid, lighter than water, having an aromatic odour, slightly alliaceous.
Arsenic, when vaporized, may be known by its peculiar alliaceous odor.
Arsenic also gives its peculiar alliaceous odor, which is so characteristic that it can be easily detected.
The peculiar alliaceous flavour that belongs to them is well known.
Many wild bees (Andrena) are distinguished by their pungent alliaceous smell.An Introduction to Entomology: Vol. II (of 4) | William Kirby
British Dictionary definitions for alliaceous
of or relating to Allium, a genus of plants that have a strong onion or garlic smell and often have bulbs: family Alliaceae . The genus occurs in the N hemisphere and includes onion, garlic, leek, chive, and shallot
tasting or smelling like garlic or onions
of, relating to, or belonging to the Alliaceae, a family of flowering plants that includes the genus Allium
Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012 | <urn:uuid:5609b69c-8cff-4b5e-820c-8401bb407514> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.dictionary.com/browse/alliaceous | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.866706 | 330 | 3.09375 | 3 |
a vent in the earth's crust through which lava, steam, ashes, etc., are expelled, either continuously or at irregular intervals.
a mountain or hill, usually having a cuplike crater at the summit, formed around such a vent from the ash and lava expelled through it.
Dictionary.com Unabridged Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2023
How to use volcano in a sentence
Cassini’s instruments also detected the presence of silica, which can get mixed with water in undersea volcanoes.These Images Expose the Dark Side of the Solar System - Issue 89: The Dark Side | Corey S. Powell | August 26, 2020 | Nautilus
It also includes active volcanoes such as the Ol Doinyo Lengai in Tanzania, and the DallaFilla and Erta Ale in Ethiopia.Scientists say a new ocean will form in Africa as the continent continues to split into two | Uwagbale Edward-Ekpu | August 13, 2020 | Quartz
The Natural History Museum in London, England offers a guide to making your own model volcano at home.
In one of the most poignant scenes in her book, she is hiking on Mauna Kea — the next volcano over from Greene’s Mars habitat — and finds a fern growing amid the volcanic desolation.Two new books explore Mars — and what it means to be human | Lisa Grossman | July 15, 2020 | Science News
He particularly likes this approach that linked cycles of pressure inside the volcano with weather conditions.Did rain put the Kilauea volcano’s lava-making into overdrive? | Megan Sever | May 15, 2020 | Science News For Students
And as we left, spears of sunlight painted the top of the nearby volcano Galeras.
Standing on the edge of the Burfell volcano, you realize what a fragile construct modern civilization is.
It ends with Godzilla lured away from Tokyo with a bird call and trapped in a volcano.A Comprehensive History of Toho’s Original Kaiju (and Atomic Allegory) Godzilla | Rich Goldstein | May 18, 2014 | THE DAILY BEAST
When the volcano blew its top, thousands perished, immolated by fire, boiling magma, and ash.
This week they got Mike Tyson and Razor Ruddock over at the Mirage, where the fake volcano blows up every twenty minutes.The Stacks: Harold Conrad Was Many Things, But He Was Never, Ever Dull | Mark Jacobson | March 8, 2014 | THE DAILY BEAST
A volcano broke out in the island of St. George, one of the Azores.The Every Day Book of History and Chronology | Joel Munsell
Fujiyama, the noted volcano of Japan, is twelve thousand three hundred and sixty-five feet high.Assimilative Memory | Marcus Dwight Larrowe (AKA Prof. A. Loisette)
And what was a mere laughing, crying child of a man like Aristide Pujol in front of a Ducksmith volcano?The Joyous Adventures of Aristide Pujol | William J. Locke
Torrents of lava poured over the sides of the volcano and destroyed whole villages on the shores of the lake.Alila, Our Little Philippine Cousin | Mary Hazelton Wade
Outwardly cold, Sir Henry seemed to his youthful observer, who now knew him better, to resemble a volcano coated with ice.The Red Year | Louis Tracy
British Dictionary definitions for volcano
an opening in the earth's crust from which molten lava, rock fragments, ashes, dust, and gases are ejected from below the earth's surface
a mountain formed from volcanic material ejected from a vent in a central crater
Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012
Scientific definitions for volcano
An opening in the Earth's crust from which lava, ash, and hot gases flow or are ejected during an eruption.
A usually cone-shaped mountain formed by the materials issuing from such an opening. Volcanoes are usually associated with plate boundaries but can also occur within the interior areas of a tectonic plate. Their shape is directly related to the type of magma that flows from them-the more viscous the magma, the steeper the sides of the volcano.♦ A volcano composed of gently sloping sheets of basaltic lava from successive volcanic eruptions is called a shield volcano. The lava flows associated with shield volcanos, such as Mauna Loa, on Hawaii, are very fluid.♦ A volcano composed of steep, alternating layers of lava and pyroclastic materials, including ash, is called a stratovolcano. Stratovolcanos are associated with relatively viscous lava and with explosive eruptions. They are the most common form of large continental volcanos. Mount Vesuvius, Mount Fuji, and Mount St. Helens are stratovolcanos. Also called composite volcano See more at hot spot island arc tectonic boundary volcanic arc.
The American Heritage® Science Dictionary Copyright © 2011. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.
Cultural definitions for volcano
A cone-shaped mountain or hill created by molten material that rises from the interior of the Earth to the surface.
The New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy, Third Edition Copyright © 2005 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved. | <urn:uuid:7d80502c-9c85-4523-a776-bec29b9679e0> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.dictionary.com/browse/volcano | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.90006 | 1,172 | 3.1875 | 3 |
The Insert tab is used to insert and format images, shapes, tables, headers and footers, 3D models, page numbers, equations, etc. in a Word document. As said in the above line, Only this menu adds strengths to the text in a Word document.
Table of Contents
Groups of Insert Tab in MS Word
The Insert menu has 10 groups. These are pages, tables, illustrations, add-ins, media, links, comments, text, and symbols.
Pages Group in Insert Menu in Microsoft Word
The Page Group has 3 commands. These are Cover Page, Blank Page, and Page Break.
Cover Page: The cover page is a beautiful design on top of thick paper that protects the inside content. Its complete information is crafted in a short and compelling title.
Blank Page: This is very useful for adding as many blank pages as you want in a Word document.
How to Add Blank Page in a Word Document: Put a cursor wherever you want to add a blank page in a word document. then click on Blank Page on the Insert Tab.
Page Break: Section break means completing the work of the current page to start a new page, stopping that section there, and starting the next page for the new section.
The table in Insert Ribbon Tab
Using the table, we can organize the information we want as we like. For example, text can be arranged in columns or rows in a beautiful and meaningful way.
The action of illustrating something such as a picture, a diagram, a shape, 3d-models, and a chart helps make something clear or attractive.
The Add-ins group has 3 commands. These are Get Add-ins, My Add-ins, and Wikipedia.
Get Add-ins: You can get add-ins by finding them here to add new functionality to your word document, excel, and ppt.
My Add-ins: After installing add-ins, you can use and add new features to your work.
Wikipedia: You can easily access Wikipedia content directly from your office applications such as MS Word.
Find and insert online videos to your document from a variety of online websites such as YouTube, and Vimeo.
The links group in Insert Tab has 3 commands. These are Links or Hyperlinks, Bookmarks, and Cross-reference:
Link or Hyperlink: Quickly create links from one document to another, one section to another, one page to another, document content to websites, etc. to quickly access and jump to links of the contents and bookmarks.
Bookmark: Bookmark the specific and important document work that you want to access in the future. This functionality enables you to jump to the bookmark location.
Tips and Tricks :
To make the most of the Insert Tab in Microsoft Word, consider the following tips and tricks:
- Utilize keyboard shortcuts to save time and streamline your workflow. For example, press “Ctrl+Enter” to insert a page break quickly.
- Explore the various options within each group to discover hidden features and functionalities that can enhance your document creation process.
- Customize the Quick Access Toolbar with frequently used Insert Tab options to have them readily accessible at all times.
- Take advantage of online resources, tutorials, and communities to learn advanced techniques and stay updated with the latest features and improvements related to the Insert Tab.
Common Issues and Troubleshooting:
While using the Insert Tab, you may encounter certain issues or face challenges. Here are some common problems and their potential solutions:
- Objects not aligning correctly: Ensure that you use the alignment and positioning tools available in the Format and Arrange groups to precisely position and align objects within your document.
- Compatibility issues with other file formats: When sharing documents with others or saving them in different file formats, ensure compatibility by using standard file formats like .docx or .pdf.
What the Insert tab is used for?
An Insert tab is used to insert pictures, shapes, tables, 3D models, etc. into the Word document and to format them.
How do I insert a picture in Word using the Insert tab?
To insert a picture, click on the “Pictures” option on the Insert tab, browse your computer for the image, and then click “Insert.
Can I add shapes to my document from the Insert tab?
Yes, you can insert shapes by selecting the “Shapes” option on the Insert tab, choosing the shape you want, and then drawing it on your document.
What is the “Hyperlink” function on the Insert tab used for?
The “Hyperlink” option lets you create clickable links within your document, which can direct readers to websites, other documents, or specific locations within your document.
What is the “Header” and “Footer” function on the Insert tab for?
Header” and “Footer” allow you to add content at the top or bottom of each page, such as page numbers, document titles, or copyright information. | <urn:uuid:a3bb1613-ebf5-4cdc-9ecb-11a2651729ad> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.digiruns.com/insert-tab-in-ms-word/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.839322 | 1,052 | 3.03125 | 3 |
School is officially in session. And while kids are
brushing up on their math and language arts skills, it’s important for drivers
to slow down and keep an eye out for kids around schools and their
neighborhoods. Here are some driving tips to keep in mind as kids head back to
Zones – it’s important to pay attention to the school zone areas around
schools. Most often, schools have flashing lights with a posted speed limit
sign for school zones during the morning drop off and afternoon dismissal.
However, pay close attention during off hours when the lights come on for
sports or band practices or other school events. Speeding fines are typically
doubled in school zones.
Safety – Take extra precaution when you’re behind or approaching a school
bus. It’s important to give the bus enough space if you’re behind it and to
give kids enough space to cross the street, as you’re approaching a bus. Many
buses have retractable crossing “arms” that keep kids safely out in front of
the bus when crossing the street and visible to other drivers. And remember, it
in all 50 states to pass a school bus that is stopped to load or unload
Drop Off Procedures- I f you’re a parent and regularly drop kids off to
school or take turns in a car pool, it’s important to plan ahead and understand
your school’s drop off and pick up procedures. Some general tips to keep in
mind from the National
Safe Routes to School Program are:
- Don’t double park; it blocks visibility for
other children and vehicles
- Don’t load or unload children across the street
from the school
- Carpool to reduce the number of vehicles at the
- Don’t double park; it blocks visibility for
Alert – As a parent or driver around schools, it’s important to avoid distractions
in the car such as cell phones or other electronic devices. Make sure your
driving skills are on point, too. Make full stops at stop signs and leave
enough room for kids to cross the street. It’s also a time to teach kids by
example. Your attention to safety and caution while driving will resonate with
them, especially teens, when they’re ready to get behind the wheel.
- Be Prepared for More Traffic – This goes for any one traveling in the mornings
or afternoons during the beginning of the school day or end. There are more
cars on the roads during these peak commute times. It’s important to not only
watch out for kids and children traveling on foot or by bike, but keep an eye
out for other motorists or school buses making sudden stops. It’s always a good
idea to allow a few extra minutes in the beginning of the school year to
determine a new route or longer commute if necessary.
With all of these tips in mind,
talk to you kids about transportation safety and walking or riding around
school. Check to make sure they understand the basics of traveling to and from
school and explain safety tips they can relate to.
For All Drivers:
- Drive cautiously through school zones. Most often, schools have flashing lights with a posted speed limit sign for school zones during the morning drop off and afternoon dismissal. However, pay close attention during off hours if the lights come on for sports or band practices or other school events. Speeding fines are typically increased in school zones.
- Watch for crossing guards. They’re usually easy to spot with high-visibility gear or handheld stop signs. Crossing guards and patrol officers help kids cross the street safely, so yield to their instructions.
- Leave space for buses. The 10 feet surrounding buses is where kids are most likely to get hurt. If you are behind the bus, leave more following distance than you would for a car. This gives ample space for the bus to make complete stops. If you are approaching the bus, allow at least 10 feet for the kids to safely cross the street in front of you.
- Do not pass a stopped bus. It is illegal in all 50 states to pass a bus that is stopped to load or unload children. If you see flashing yellow or red lights and the bus extend its arm, traffic must stop.
- Stay alert. It’s always important to avoid distractions in the car, such as cell phones or other electronic devices. This is especially true in pedestrian-heavy zones, like schools, parks and residential areas.
- Be prepared for traffic. Drop off and pickup times are peak commute times. Leave early and watch for other cars, buses, pedestrians and bikers.
For School Drop-Off and Pickup Lanes
- Don’t double park. All parents are eager to get in and out, but double parking blocks visibility for other children and vehicles.
- Follow the flow. If you’re in a rush, it might be tempting to drop your kids off across the street – but crossing traffic can be dangerous. Use the school’s designated drop-off (and pickup) lanes to avoid unnecessary street crossings.
- Carpool with other families. Consider sharing driving duty with other families in your neighborhood. This will reduce the number of vehicles (and traffic problems) at the school. Plus, you’ll earn a gold star for being environmentally friendly!
Finally: Remember to talk to you kids about transportation safety and walking or riding around school. Check to make sure they understand the basics of traveling to and from school, like looking both ways before they cross the street. Their teachers can help you explain safety tips in an age-appropriate way.
At Erie Insurance, we value your family’s safety. We are always thinking about ways to protect you, your loved ones and your vehicle — both this school year and every year. Talk to your local ERIE agent today to find the right auto insurance coverage for you and your family. | <urn:uuid:5c586095-9f95-4d71-9b5b-93b58805c738> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.dowdins.com/article/back-to-school-essential-safety-tips-for-drivers/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.93655 | 1,259 | 2.859375 | 3 |
Astigmatism is a condition that is caused by an irregular shape of the cornea – the clear part of the eye that covers the iris and the pupil. The cornea is usually smooth, round, and spherical but in an astigmatic eye, the cornea turns into a shape that is not spherical and develops a second curve. One of the primary duties of the cornea is to focus light onto the retina which enables you to see clearly. When the cornea is out of shape and develops two curves, this created two focal points therefore causing blurred vision.
The irregular shape of the eye makes it hard for traditional contact lenses to fit and provide clear vision and therefore requires specialized contact lenses such as toric lenses or rigid gas permeable lenses (RGPs).
What are Toric Contact Lenses?
Toric contact lenses are designed to correct astigmatism and custom made to fit the eye of the patient. Rather than having a perfectly spherical surface like standard contact lenses, toric lenses have a more oblong shape made to accommodate the shape of the astigmatic eye. Toric lenses can be made of either soft or rigid gas permeable (RGP or GP) lens material, however the soft toric lenses are more common.
Toric contact lenses are also designed in such a way that the lenses stay in place on the eye to maintain proper vision. Sometimes as the eye moves or blinks the lens can rotate considerably on the eye. If this rotation continues with a soft toric lens, a rigid gas permeable lens might be more effective. Rigid gas permeable lenses have a longer initial adjustment time, but once this has passed they are usually just as comfortable as soft contact lenses and they are often easier to care for.
Toric lenses are available in every wearing schedule from daily disposable to long-term wear. In some cases you may even find colored toric contact lenses. Due to the customization required, toric lenses tend to be more expensive and may take more laboratory time to make than traditional lenses.
If you have astigmatism, finding the right fit for your contact lenses is essential. Speak to your eye doctor today for a full assessment to determine which type of toric lenses will work best for you to help you see and feel your best. | <urn:uuid:a4112374-ac8c-4ef0-855d-2fe17e6edec4> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.drshomali.com/eyeglasses-contacts/contact-lenses/toric-contact-lenses-for-astigmatism/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.94191 | 463 | 3 | 3 |
Automated trading, also known as algorithmic trading or algo trading, has emerged as a revolutionary force in financial markets. This cutting-edge technology utilizes complex algorithms and computer programs to execute trading orders with speed and precision, transforming the way financial instruments are bought and sold. In this article, we will delve into the world of automated trading, exploring its history, benefits, challenges, and its impact on the financial landscape.
The Evolution of Automated Trading
The roots of automated trading can be traced back to the 1970s when financial institutions began using computer algorithms to execute orders on the stock exchange. Over the decades, advances in computing power and the development of sophisticated algorithms paved the way for more complex and efficient automated trading strategies.
The widespread adoption of electronic trading platforms in the late 1990s further accelerated the growth of automated trading. Today, high-frequency trading (HFT) firms use advanced algorithms to execute thousands of trades per second, leveraging the smallest market inefficiencies for profit.
Benefits of Automated Trading
Speed: One of the most significant advantages of automated trading is its speed. Computers can execute trades in milliseconds, much faster than any human trader. This speed allows traders to take advantage of fleeting market opportunities that may be missed by slower manual traders.
Consistency: Automated trading systems follow predefined rules rigorously. This eliminates the potential for human emotions, such as fear and greed, to interfere with trading decisions. Consequently, trading strategies remain consistent over time.
Diversification: Automated systems can simultaneously trade multiple markets, asset classes, or strategies. This diversification helps spread risk and can improve overall portfolio performance.
Efficiency: Automated trading can monitor and analyze market conditions 24/7, ensuring that opportunities are not missed during off-hours or while the trader is unavailable.
Reduced Costs: Automation reduces the need for human traders, leading to lower labor costs. Additionally, automated trading can minimize the impact of slippage and reduce trading errors.
Challenges and Risks
While automated trading offers numerous benefits, it is not without its challenges and risks:
Technical Failures: Automated systems can experience technical glitches, resulting in unintended trading errors or system crashes.
Over-Optimization: Optimizing trading algorithms for past market conditions can lead to poor performance in the future. Striking the right balance between flexibility and optimization is essential.
Market Risks: Rapid market fluctuations can trigger unexpected trading losses. It’s crucial to have robust risk management protocols in place.
Regulatory Compliance: Automated trading is subject to stringent regulations in many jurisdictions. Traders must ensure that their systems comply with all relevant laws and regulations.
The Impact on Financial Markets
Automated trading has had a profound impact on financial markets:
Increased Liquidity: High-frequency trading has contributed to higher market liquidity by providing continuous buy and sell orders.
Reduced Trading Costs: Competition among automated market makers has led to narrower bid-ask spreads, reducing trading costs for all market participants.
Market Efficiency: Automated trading can quickly incorporate new information into prices, contributing to more efficient markets.
Market Fragmentation: The proliferation of electronic trading venues and high-frequency trading has led to market fragmentation, which can create challenges in market structure and regulation.
In conclusion, automated trading has revolutionized financial markets, offering speed, consistency, and efficiency like never before. While it presents challenges and risks, its impact on market liquidity and efficiency is undeniable. As technology continues to advance, automated trading is likely to play an even more prominent role in the future of finance, reshaping the landscape of trading and investment strategies. | <urn:uuid:41791639-d112-4b49-808b-b8110ede243f> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.eaify.com/automated-trading-revolutionizing-financial-markets-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.932132 | 744 | 2.6875 | 3 |
Due to considerable parking pressure in urban areas caused by visitor, delivery, commuter and resident traffic, it has been increasingly necessary in recent years to implement so-called "parking space management". This means that within a parking management zone, parking is only permitted with a parking ticket, parking meter or parking disc. Parking space management is also intended to make living in urban areas more attractive again and thus reduce settlement pressure on rural areas and urban migration, especially where private parking spaces (within walking distance) are not available or insufficient.
In particularly congested parts of cities (e.g., often inner-city areas), resident parking areas can be established in the interest of those who live in these areas, and special parking permits can be used to create opportunities for long-term parking specifically for the benefit of residents of the affected neighborhood. However, reservations must not lock visitors and commuters out of the cities by motor vehicle. Therefore, only a portion of the parking areas in the cities can be reserved. Another way to create special parking rights is to exempt residents in parking management zones from the requirement to park with a parking ticket, meter, or parking disc.
In order to be able to prove their authorization to park permanently in the managed area to control bodies, i.e. in particular police forces and municipal traffic control, the person who actually lives and is registered in this area must possess a resident parking permit and deposit it in the vehicle in a clearly visible place. | <urn:uuid:f5eb8d6b-2fe5-4231-8df8-da5d1b1f277d> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.eap.bayern.de/informationen/leistungsbeschreibung/61665185319?anliegen=1333254171&dienstleistung=2777595394&nationalitaet=8111031172 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.948595 | 294 | 2.578125 | 3 |
The temporomandibular joints (TMJ) connect the temporal bones on each side of the skull to the mandible, or lower jawbone. These complex, hinge-like joints allow the mouth to open and close, move back and forth, and slide from side to side. Muscle, bone, and cartilage work together for easy and comfortable facial movement so we can speak, eat, swallow, yawn, and smile.
When the joint doesn’t function as smoothly as it should, the limited movement and discomfort which result could be caused by Temporomandibular Joint Disorder, or TMD.
Temporomandibular Joint Disorder can develop due to arthritis, bruxism (tooth grinding), genetics, an injury or infection near the jaw, a misaligned bite, or a combination of factors. Sometimes the cause is unclear. TMD could be indicated if you suffer from any of these symptoms:
- Painful chewing
- Persistent pain and discomfort around the TMJ or in the face or neck
- Earaches or ringing in the ears
- Changes in bite alignment
- Muscle spasms near the jaw
- Clicking, popping, or grating noises when the jaw moves
- Jaws that are limited in movement or lock open or shut
If you suspect you might have TMD, your dentist or doctor will conduct a careful examination of your temporomandibular joints, their range of movement, and your head and neck. When needed, imaging studies can be used for further examination of the joint.
Often, conservative treatment is effective in treating TMD. Your dentist or doctor will tailor treatment to the cause and symptoms of your TMD:
- Use of over-the-counter pain relievers, ice packs, and moist heat compresses
- Behavior modification for habits which can cause jaw pain (gum chewing, jaw clenching, nail biting, poor posture)
- Techniques for relaxation and stress relief
- Muscle relaxants, corticosteroids, or anti-inflammatory medication
- Physical therapy
- A custom-fitted mouthguard, bite plate, or bite splint to protect teeth and jaw from the pressures of tooth grinding
- Dental treatment to improve minor bite misalignment
- Orthodontic treatment to treat more serious bite misalignment
If necessary, surgical procedures can provide more extensive examinations and treatment. These include:
- Arthroscopy: A minimally invasive procedure performed under anesthesia, which uses a thin tube with a video lens and light inserted through a small incision in front of the ear. This technology allows the surgeon to get a close look at the joint and the area surrounding it. Arthroscopic surgery can repair some types of TMJ damage.
- Arthroplasty: Surgery performed under anesthesia, can repair, replace, or reposition damaged parts of the joint. Arthroplasty can be used to remove bony growths, repair or replace the articular disc that cushions your joint, and access areas that an arthroscopy can’t.
Jaw pain isn’t always due to TMD, and many cases of TMD are temporary. But frequent discomfort, limited movement, or any other persistent symptoms are a good reason to see your dentist or doctor for a thorough examination and diagnosis. Prompt treatment will help prevent further damage to the joint and make facial and jaw movement comfortable once again. | <urn:uuid:a09e39f6-95ab-4ae0-be62-9ba6c4bdf3c7> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.eastforkdental.com/articles/premium_education/915079-tmd | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.908116 | 704 | 2.984375 | 3 |
Jakarta, Indonesia: The release of a new report: ‘Assessing the Impact of Climate Change in Borneo’, reveals that the Heart of Borneo (HoB) will face increasing detrimental effects from climate change in the years to come.
WWF projections indicate that if the island of Borneo continues at its current rate of natural capital loss through deforestation, it will be severely affected by climate change through the increased risk of floods and forest fires, human health impacts, changes in agricultural yields and damages to infrastructure.
Sea level rise is also projected to cause widespread damage to population centers, causing considerable economic damage and costs to local governments, communities and businesses.
In addition, with two degrees of warming, Borneo’s rich biodiversity in marine, reptile and amphibian species will be severely affected, and potentially devastated by any warming beyond this level by 2050.
This report follows the release on June 5, World Environment Day, of the joint WWF and Asian Development Bank (ADB) report: Ecological Footprint and Investment in Natural Capital in Asia and the Pacific, which warned of dwindling natural capital in the Asian-Pacific region and the dire pressure that was placing on remaining eco-system services.
WWF Heart of Borneo’s Initiative leader, Adam Tomasek said the climate change report’s predictions, coupled with dwindling natural capital reserves through continued deforestation, were cause for alarm for governments, industry and communities alike.
“The forests of the Heart of Borneo, are critically important, both the well being of people locally and globally, for their extremely rich and unique biodiversity, carbon sequestration potential and a variety of other life-giving services linked to food, water and energy security. The preservation of Borneo’s forests and ecosystems is one of region’s most pressing priorities, a lack of action means we are putting economies, livelihoods and species at grave risk,” Mr Tomasek said.
Deforestation and forest degradation account for up to 20 per cent of global man-made CO2 emissions. The forests of Borneo and the species that depend on them are currently under siege by unsustainable logging, conversion due to commercial operations, especially oil palm plantations and coal mines, as well as forest fires and wildlife poaching.
Mr Tomasek said that fiscal policies, investments and factoring natural capital into economic decision making were essential to address the destructive trends revealed in the new report.
Inspiring tri-government action
Mr Tomasek said he was encouraged by the foresight shown by the three HoB government working parties to put their combined support behind a green economy approach at the forthcoming Rio+20 Summit, to be held in Brazil in June 19-22. He said the rapidly emerging green economy approach, offers the best solution for sustaining the needs of business, governments and their citizens in Borneo, while at the same time protecting the rich biodiversity of the island and lowering carbon footprints.
“With the overwhelming trend for growing industrial land development, over consumption and urbanization, we can only sustain and conserve our vital natural areas (such as the HoB), by working with business and governments to adopt a green economic system in this region,” Mr Tomasek said.
Indonesia sets an example at the highest level
The findings of the report appear to have been already acknowledged at the highest level within the Indonesian government, with President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono recently declaring the pursuit of a green economy and sustainable forestry as critical to the country’s sustainable development and climate change mitigation efforts.
Speaking at the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), in Bogor, Indonesia on June 13, the President said the government could use policy measures, laws and regulations to place sustainability at the heart of social activities; and also incentivize and reward activities that reinforced sustainability.
For further information on the WWF HoB Initiative and the Green Economy plan contact:
Adam Tomasek, Leader, Heart of Borneo Initiative
Tel: +62 21 7829461 ext. 503, Mob: +62 811 9917855, e-mail: [email protected]
Anna van Paddenburg, Sustainable Financing and Policy Strategy Leader,
Heart of Borneo Initiative – WWF, Tel:+62 8111806949, Email: [email protected]
Chris Greenwood, International Communications Manager, Heart of Borneo Initiative, WWF Mob: +60 128281214, E-mail: [email protected]
Notes to editors
A full copy of the report is available for download at
What is the Heart of Borneo (HoB)?
The Heart of Borneo covers more than 22 million hectares (220,000 km2) of equatorial rainforest across the countries of Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia and Malaysia. One of Asia’s last great rainforests, it includes some of the most biologically diverse habitats on earth, and is one of only two places on earth where elephants, orangutans, rhinoceros and clouded leopards share the same territory. In the past 15 years, more than 500 new flora or fauna species have been discovered, at a rate of more than three per month.
Borneo’s cultural diversity is as distinct and varied as the island’s animal and plant life. In Kalimantan (Indonesia) alone, 142 different languages are believed still to be in use today. Many people depend directly on the forest for edible and medicinal plants; fish; meat; construction materials and water. As the headwaters of the island’s major rivers lie in Borneo’s central highlands, protection is critical to ensuring reliable clean water supplies to a large number of human settlements, and the thriving industries that have developed in coastal urban centres.
The Heart of Borneo Declaration
In February 2007, the governments of Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia and Malaysia signed the Heart of Borneo Declaration to protect an area of more than 220,000 square kilometres in the centre of the island and bordering all three countries. Together they emphasised the fact that these tropical rainforests have strategic, global, national and local functions, not only for citizens of these three countries but for the global human race. The declaration is supported under important regional and international agreements such as Association of East Asian Nations (ASEAN), Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines East Asia Growth Area (BIMP- EAGA), Asia-Pacific Economic Co-operation (APEC), and the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (UNCBD). For more information visit: www.panda.org/heart_of_borneo
About WWF - WWF is one of the world’s largest and most respected independent conservation organizations, with over 5 million supporters and a global network active in over 100 countries. WWF’s mission is to stop the degradation of the Earth’s natural environment and to build a future in which humans live in harmony with nature, by conserving the world’s biological diversity, ensuring that the use of renewable natural resources is sustainable, and promoting the reduction of pollution and wasteful consumption. Visit panda.org/news for latest news and media resources. | <urn:uuid:52ac7613-d565-466a-859b-5c6ca9ad1122> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.eco-business.com/press-releases/climate-change-and-deforestation-in-the-heart-of-borneo-could-be-a-deadly-combination-new-report-warns/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.912906 | 1,522 | 3.34375 | 3 |
Interest rates swaps are a way for financial bodies to exchange risk on the movement of interest rates. They were originally designed as a way for firms to avoid exchange rate controls because interest rate swaps can be done in different currencies.
Interest rate swaps are one of the most common type of derivatives and are highly liquid (meaning easy to buy and sell).
The most common type of interest rate swap is a combination of fixed and variable rate payments.
In this example.
Firm A wishes to swap variable interest payments for fixed interest payments. Bank B is happy to pay a variable rate in return for a fixed rate
- Firm A pays a fixed rate to Bank B. (e.g. a rate of 5%)
- Bank B pays a variable rate to Bank A. (e.g. Libor rate + 0.5%)
- A notional amount is decided on e.g. £1m so this will determine the amount of interest paid.
This means that Bank B gets a fixed interest payment of £50,000
Bank A is receiving a variable interest payment which depends on the libor rate
Firm A is paying a constant interest payment.
Firm B is experiencing the risk associated in changing interest rates. The amount it has to pay depends on interest rate movements.
If interest rates increase Bank B pays more to firm A, if interest rates goes down it pays less to firm A
Suppose a firm took out a loan and had to pay variable interest payments on this loan. The firm would be vulnerable if interest rates rose rapidly. This would increase its costs and could make the firm go under.
Therefore, to hedge against a rise in interest rates, the firm, may seek to enter into an interest rate swap. It would choose a situation where it would receive a variable rate and paid a fixed rate.
Therefore, if interest rates rose it would have higher costs from its loan. But, this would be compensated by receiving a higher variable rate on its interest rate swap. Therefore, if interest rates rose, it would not be as damaging for the firms costs.
In this way an interest rate swap provides a mechanism for firms (or other institution) to hedge against rising interest rates. Of course, it means they don’t benefit from falling interest rates, but, they have greater certainty over their costs and payments.
- Credit default Swaps explained
- Interest rates explained | <urn:uuid:74a810dd-835f-4da2-943a-fb902004e520> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.economicshelp.org/blog/2231/money-personal-finance/interest-rate-swaps-explained/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.960889 | 493 | 3.28125 | 3 |
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 60% of the related factors to individual health and quality of life are connected to the way we live. Our lifestyles—our daily activities, behavior, functions, and diets—make up the factors that lead to health conditions such as obesity, tooth decay, high blood pressure, diabetes, osteoporosis, hemorrhoids, and some types of cancer. The relationship between our health and lifestyle could be the leading reason so many of us suffer from metabolic diseases, cardiovascular diseases, skeletal problems, and many more.
Before seeking hemorrhoid treatment from Salt Lake City or other cities, for example, it’s practical to take a look at why you developed such in the first place. The causes of hemorrhoids are varied, but many point out the kind of lifestyle you have. You are at risk of developing hemorrhoids, which is when the veins around your anus stretch under pressure, if you sit for long periods at work, suffer from obesity, lift heavy objects regularly, are pregnant, and eat a low-fiber diet.
Lifestyle at Work
But hemorrhoids are not the only health problem you will develop if you always sit for a long time or you don’t follow the right diet because of work. Many people don’t even have the time to pace around the office when they are at work. They also eat the fastest food they can consume while working during lunch break with nary a thought to the nutrients that they lose.
Sitting for a long time, for example, have several risk factors. These include increased blood pressure, obesity, high blood sugar, and excess body fat. It also increases cholesterol levels. The lack of exercise affects your metabolism, which means that you are not burning as many calories and fat as you should.
Because you are too focused on finishing the job, you decide to skip lunchtime. Instead, you buy a bag of chips from the cafeteria and munch on that during your lunch break. You have already lost a lot of energy working during the morning. The fact that you haven’t eaten proper nutritious food by lunchtime will have a profound impact on your health. This can lead to you eating double the amount of food you should once you have the time. You’ll also consume unhealthy food such as chips, pizza, burgers, and other fast-food staples.
Lifestyle at Home
When you get home, you are too beat to prepare a nice dinner. You’ll end up munching on a banana to survive the night. Yes, bananas are great and nutritious, but they are not enough. They don’t have the nutrients that your body needs to properly function. They lack the necessary vitamins and minerals you need.
And what about sleep? Do you get enough sleep? Do you get eight hours of sleep a night? Lack of quality sleep can lead to you feeling stressed, anxious, and depressed. You will either overeat or lack the will to eat.
Your lifestyle has a major impact on your health. Make sure that you eat the right diet, exercise, and have quality sleep. Although these are almost impossible today, you should work harder to achieve work-life balance. | <urn:uuid:8c9dec06-65c7-46ce-87f4-aa9837518324> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.emmacooper.org/yes-your-lifestyle-is-affecting-your-health/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.961059 | 658 | 2.75 | 3 |
Teaching Basic Verbs – Verb Be
We have already studied the six basic tenses:
Before we proceed to the Perfect tenses, we will stop and deal with the three basic verbs: Be, Do and Have.
Knowing and understanding the structure and functions of these verbs will help students understand the basic concepts of the sentence structure.
Let's start with the verb BE.
The verb Be appears as a helping verb in Progressive tenses.
As such, it has no meaning alone, but together with the main verb, it indicates when the action takes place.
The children are sleeping.
(Present Progressive – this way we know when the action takes place. The children are sleeping now.)
The children were sleeping when I got home.
(Past Progressive – This way we know when the action took place – when I got home).
The verb Be can also be an independent verb and as such, it means להיות.
He is tall.
She was tired yesterday.
I am afraid we will be late.
It is important to stress the fact that the verb Be has a Present (am, are, is), a Past (was, were) and a Future (will be, would be). The reason why I am mentioning this is that Hebrew speakers often forget the verb Be in the Present since in Hebrew, it disappears in the Present.
הייתי בבית (עבר)
אהיה בבית (עתיד)
אני בבית (הווה)
Verb Be (להיות) has "disappeared"…
It might be a good idea to bring a text that includes many examples of the verb Be as a helping verb in Progressive tenses and as a linking verb verb followed by an adjective (she is nice), a noun phrase (I am a teacher), a place complement (they are at home). Students may be asked to underline examples of the verb Be as a helpIng verb and distinguish between them and the sentences where verb Be is a linking verb.
And that is all so far. | <urn:uuid:bd55041b-bea2-4017-8f97-06c222c7f049> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.english-books.co.il/verb-be/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.953157 | 452 | 4.25 | 4 |
past present vs past present continuous
by Teacher Honey
Date: 15 - Mar - 2015
an easy multiple choose that will enhance the learnerīs ability to distinguish between the past present tense and past present continuous tense.
Comments (0) -
Link to this exercise from your website or blog: | <urn:uuid:36c9d393-e9d3-47e7-91f3-8b00880aa7d8> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.englishexercises.org/exercise.asp?id=12333 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.857447 | 62 | 2.546875 | 3 |
Lean and Six Sigma are two powerful methodologies designed to support process improvement and operational excellence in organisations. While they share a common goal of enhancing efficiency and effectiveness, they differ in approach and focus.
We identify the core differences between Lean and Six Sigma and explores the scenarios where each methodology can be most beneficially employed.
Lean Explained: Lean is a methodology that originated from the Toyota Production System, focusing on reducing waste within processes while maximising value for customers. The primary goal is to streamline operations and cut out non-value-adding activities, making processes more efficient and cost-effective.
Six Sigma Explored: Six Sigma is a methodology rooted in the principles of quality management, aiming to reduce process variation and errors to achieve near-perfect outputs. Employing statistical tools and techniques, Six Sigma works to identify and eliminate defects, ensuring high-quality outputs.
Lean: Aims at waste reduction and process streamlining.
Six Sigma: Targets defect reduction and process variation.
Tools and Techniques:
Lean: Utilises tools like Value Stream Mapping, 5S, and Kaizen.
Six Sigma: Employs statistical analysis, including tools like Pareto Charts, Fishbone Diagrams, and Control Charts.
Process Speed vs. Accuracy:
Lean: Emphasises speeding up processes and reducing cycle times.
Six Sigma: Focuses on achieving accuracy and reducing errors in processes.
Lean: Often simpler and quicker to implement.
Six Sigma: May require more time and expertise due to its data-driven approach.
Best Places to Apply the Methodologies:
Manufacturing: Especially effective in manufacturing settings where reducing waste and streamlining processes are critical.
Healthcare: Effective in reducing waiting times and improving the flow of patients.
Retail: Useful in inventory management and improving the efficiency of operations.
Finance and Banking: Valuable in reducing errors in financial transactions and processes.
IT: Beneficial in software development and data management processes to reduce defects and ensure high-quality outputs.
Telecommunications: Effective in improving network reliability and reducing downtime.
Integration – Lean Six Sigma: For organisations looking to harness the strengths of both methodologies, Lean Six Sigma, a hybrid approach, can be the solution. It combines the waste reduction and process flow principles of Lean with the statistical analysis and defect reduction focus of Six Sigma, offering a comprehensive approach to process improvement and operational excellence.
The choice between Lean and Six Sigma largely depends on the specific challenges an organisation faces and its operational goals. While Lean may be preferable for fast, cost-effective improvements, Six Sigma might be more suitable for projects requiring precise error reduction and statistical analysis. By understanding the unique features and application domains of both methodologies, organisations can make informed decisions on the pathway to bolster their operational performance and achieve lasting success.
Envisago Consulting - Be Future Ready
Operations. Technology. Change Management. | <urn:uuid:60b2f2d9-6391-425c-8584-58fcb71933f6> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.envisago.com/post/lean-vs-six-sigma-what-s-the-difference | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.888783 | 598 | 2.8125 | 3 |
Pediatricians at Eugene Pediatric Associates field questions daily from concerned parents who want to know whether the symptoms their child is exhibiting are consistent with COVID-19.
“The problem with COVID is it is a viral syndrome and viral syndromes by definition are non-specific,” says Dr. LoRanée Braun, a pediatric infectious disease expert. How COVID-19 manifests in children and adults can vary significantly, with symptoms ranging from:
- Fever or chills
- Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing
- Muscle or body aches
- A loss of taste or smell
- Sore throat
- Nausea or vomiting
Since many of the symptoms of COVID-19 are also symptoms of other illnesses, Dr. Braun advises parents: “If your child has any manifestations of illness, it’s important not to send them back to school and not to put them in daycare. Those children need to stay home and stay isolated. Call your health care provider. Your pediatrician or your medical provider can tell you how to get that child tested in a safe way.”
Supporting your child during COVID-19 nasal swab testing
Children are often fearful and anxious when receiving a COVID-19 nasal swab test, where a swab is inserted deep into the nasal passage.
“It’s not harmful. It’s not a painful test,” says Dr. Braun. “It feels funny to have something going in our nose but it’s the best test collection we have to get the samples we need from the back of the nose.”
Help relieve your child’s fear and anxiety by showing them this video produced by the Mayo Clinic. When children are prepared to take a medical test, they become more cooperative and compliant, which creates a more positive experience for them. According to the Mayo Clinic, this video has been made to be watched by children as young as 4 years old.
Test results are typically available within 72 hours, and families are advised to isolate or quarantine, as needed.
- If your child tests positive, know what protective steps to take to prevent others from getting sick.
- If your child tests negative, they were probably were not infected at the time their sample was collected. The test result only means that your child did not have COVID-19 at the time of testing. Continue to take steps to protect your family.
What’s the difference between isolation and quarantine?
Isolation and quarantine are two terms that are often confused. Both help protect the public by preventing exposure to people who have or may have a contagious disease, like COVID-19.
According to the Centers for Disease Control:
- Isolation separates sick people with a contagious disease from people who are not sick.
- Quarantine separates and restricts the movement of people who were exposed to a contagious disease to see if they become sick.
Learn when it’s appropriate to isolate or quarantine, and how to do both properly here.
Reducing the spread of COVID-19
Since some children and even adults with COVID may be asymptomatic, doctors stress the importance of taking steps to reduce the potential spread of the virus, including wearing face masks in public spaces, practicing social distancing and making good hand hygiene a regular habit.
“The more we want to support small business, the more we want to support schools, the more we want to support our community, that means the more we should be getting tested, doing the right thing with isolation and quarantine and wearing our masks,” says pediatrician Dr. Pilar Bradshaw. “We are not going to be able to stay re-opened unless we do those things.” | <urn:uuid:a37717ac-e621-4f00-bef1-c6dbb31d06e3> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.eugenepeds.com/healthy-kids/understanding-covid-19-symptoms-and-testing-for-children/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.963557 | 780 | 3.25 | 3 |
During the meltblown process, plastified polymer is extruded via a die with fine capillars at whose tip filaments are stretched by compressed process hot air and laid-down as a microfibre nonwoven, e. g. on an air-permeable sieve belt.
This technology has been known for over 60 years and is used to manufacture nonwovens with different structures from fine integrated filaments. It represents a very compact manufacturing process, as it enables production of a textile surface product in a single step. Traditional textile manufacturing processes usually require much more process steps (e. g. fibre extraction, cleaning, spinning into yarn, weaving, washing, dyeing, drying). The meltblown system can be extended by unwinding stations in front of and behind the nozzle for the production of single-, two- and multi-layer laminates. A calender can be used to merge the fed materials.
Main application areas for Meltblown-products are water-repellent barrier layers (hygiene, medical technology), filtration (wet, gas, dust, etc.) and volume nonwovens (acoustics, oil absorbers). All these areas of application have grown strongly in recent years and are very likely to continue to do so in the future as they serve social megatrends. | <urn:uuid:dfb76274-e5f5-4a92-9bf0-d7f5a685c7e9> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.fiber-to-go.de/en/service/meltblown-technology/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.937342 | 275 | 3.046875 | 3 |
Self-employment is the state of working for oneself rather than an employer.
Generally, tax authorities will view a person as self-employed if the person chooses to be recognized as such, or is generating income such that the person is required to file a tax return under legislation in the relevant jurisdiction. In the real world, the critical issue for the taxing authorities is not that the person is trading but is whether the person is profitable and hence potentially taxable. In other words, the activity of trading is likely to be ignored if no profit is present, so occasional and hobby- or enthusiast-based economic activity is generally ignored by authorities.
Self-employed people generally find their own work rather than being provided with work by an employer, earning income from a trade or business that they operate.
In some countries governments (the United States and United Kingdom, for example) are placing more emphasis on clarifying whether an individual is self-employed or engaged in disguised employment, often described as the pretense of a contractual intra-business relationship to hide what is otherwise a simple employer-employee relationship.
Although the common perception is that self-employment is concentrated in a few service sector industries, like sales people and insurance agents, research by the Small Business Administration has shown that self-employment occurs across a wide segment of the U.S. economy.Furthermore, industries that are not commonly associated as a natural fit for self-employment, such as manufacturing, have in fact been shown to have a large proportion of self-employed individuals and home-based businesses.
In the United States, any person is considered self-employed for tax purposes if that person is running a business as a sole proprietorship, independent contractor, as a member of a partnership, or as a member of a limited liability company that does not elect to be treated as a corporation. In addition to income taxes, these individuals must pay Social Security and Medicare taxes in the form of a SECA (Self-Employment Contributions Act) tax. | <urn:uuid:4e9d34b1-6239-424b-8e2e-f2146df4ca88> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.freelancers.bid/state-of-working-for-oneself/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.976716 | 404 | 2.734375 | 3 |
Students with a basic understanding of the environment and concern for its future know the importance of preserving biological diversity. Biodiversity is the variety of living things on Earth or in a specific area. This definition seems simple enough to understand, yet the concept of biodiversity has deeper meanings that challenge even trained environmental scientists. A region that has a wide variety of species in robust populations is said to possess biodiversity. But not every place on Earth bursts with diverse life. Biodiversity concentrates in certain areas, while other parts of the globe possess a somewhat lesser variety and number of species.Biodiversity takes a look at how habitats are destroyed, the devastating effect this has on biodiversity, and the ways in which scientists restore ecosystems and habits. This new, full-color book also examines the ethical questions that arise when trying to rescue threatened species in the face of dire human conditions. | <urn:uuid:ff03fb10-a102-4f29-aa18-9a1e92dac3ca> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.gale.com/ebooks/9781438126098/biodiversity | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.937294 | 174 | 4 | 4 |
In February 1934 the communist Eugen Schönhaar was murdered in the Gestapo prison in Prinz-Albrecht-Straße in Berlin. By this time his nine-year-old son Carlo and Carlo’s mother Odette were safely outside Germany at his grandparents’ home in Lausanne. The family had to leave Switzerland shortly afterwards and went illegally to France. Carlo Schönhaar was initially able to continue his schooling in southern France. From 1941 on the family lived in Paris, where he attended high school and made contact with the French resistance movement. He joined the Bataillons de la Jeunesse (Youth Battalions) and was expelled from school after a strike. In March 1942 Carlo Schönhaar was arrested in Paris with some of his French friends and put on trial. The group, which had planned an action against a National Socialist propaganda exhibition on the Soviet Union, was exposed by Gestapo informers. The Court Martial sentenced all the accused to death. At the age of 17 Carlo Schönhaar was murdered on April 17, 1942 with his French friends at Mont Valerian in Paris. His mother Odette, who had also joined the French Résistance, was taken into custody four days after her son’s arrest. She was brought to Germany from the Gestapo prison in Paris and eventually liberated from Ravensbrück concentration camp in May 1945. | <urn:uuid:590f2e9d-3c53-4529-b684-4151b824159f> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.gdw-berlin.de/en/recess/biographies/index_of_persons/biographie/view-bio/carlo-schoenhaar/?no_cache=1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.989492 | 286 | 3.21875 | 3 |
It’s safe to say that children are the Syrian war’s greatest victims. Simple pleasures like holding teddy bears, eating fruit, and playing outside are only distant memories from a time before crisis began.
Six years of drastic violence, torture, death, and starvation have uprooted the lives of more than 1.7 million Syrian children who are out of school. Places that were once safe for them — hospitals, playgrounds, homes — have become death traps. Many have lost their parents, many more have lost their childhood.
At the end of 2016, in the midst of escalating violence, a UNICEF-supported psychological support program reached over 500,000 children, and encouraged them to engage in cathartic activities, like drawing, to help them process their experiences.
These beautiful drawings illustrate their sorrow and hope for a better future.
Ammar, 6, draws at a UNICEF-supported child friendly space at a shelter for families displaced by the ongoing violence in east Aleppo city in the Jibreen area, on the outskirts of Aleppo city, Syrian Arab Republic, Friday 9 December 2016. “My shoes are always dirty here because it is muddy and unclean," says Ammar of the shelter.
“I want a house with walls and two windows and a door,” says Abdulmajeed, 13, holding up his drawing, at a shelter for families displaced by the ongoing violence in eastern Aleppo city, in the Jibreen area on the outskirts of Aleppo city, Syrian Arab Republic, Friday 9 December 2016. Abdulmjeed arrived ten days ago at one of the shelters in Jibreen. Conditions at the shelter are basic with little protection from cold and rain. | <urn:uuid:bb10acb6-a33c-42ff-acaf-e0146224cdab> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/unicef-drawings-of-trauma-and-hope/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.962946 | 353 | 2.6875 | 3 |
We all know what smelly feet are like, either personally or from someone that we know after they have removed their shoes. The cause of this smell is from perspiration or sweat, but is appears to be much more offensive than sweat from other parts of the body.
Our feet contain a larger number of sweat glands than the rest of the body, even the armpits of groin. When sweat is produced the bacteria on our skin digests the sweat and produce the offensive smell. Why it is smellier around the feet is because the smell is trapped by socks or footwear, and the bacteria can thrive and produce more by-products that remain trapped until the footwear is removed.
Why some people have particularly smelly feet is that they produce more sweat than other less fragrant people.
In order to deal with smelly feet you will need to reduce the amount of perspiration surrounding the feet, reduce the amount of bacteria on the skin of the feet, or a combination of these.
Use an antibacterial soap to clean the feet, preferably both morning and evening. Change socks and stockings daily, and allow footwear to air and dry out before wearing them again if possible. Limit wearing closed-in footwear as much as possible and try to wear boots only when necessary for safety. Wear socks made of natural material such as cotton or wool as this will help to absorb and disperse perspiration around the feet. It may be helpful to change socks during the day to alleviate foot odour, and definitely use socks in sports shoes that are designed to ‘wick’ or remove perspiration away from the feet.
Your community pharmacy has preparations that may be used on shoes in order to assist footwear to become dry and odour-free. They also have treatments for reducing excessive perspiration and to determine if other conditions such as tinea that may worsen smelly feet are also present. Talk to your pharmacist they have help and advice to assist your feet and footwear to become sweet smelling again.
Share this page with your community: | <urn:uuid:d9270418-315d-4d9f-9fa6-34f154f0d35a> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.goldenbaypharmacy.nz/health-info/feet-care/smelly-feet | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.969405 | 411 | 2.734375 | 3 |
The Digambar Jain Temple, a place of worship for adherents of the Jain faith, is a tranquil oasis amid the chaos and is the oldest Jain temple in Delhi, its simplicity being its main attraction. A bird hospital is attached to it where sick and injured birds are taken care of, though the odors can be quite overwhelming! The Gauri Shankar Temple, fringed with heaps of marigolds sold to people going in to pray, has an 800-year old lingam, a stylized phallus worshipped as a symbol of the Hindu Lord Shiva. Another interesting stop is the Sisganj Gurudwara of the Sikhs, where Shah Jahan's tyrannical son, Aurangzeb, beheaded the ninth Sikh Guru, Guru Tegh Bahadur.
In the 17th century, Mughal emperor Shah Jahan built the new capital city of Delhi (Old Delhi today) with the main street, Moonlight Bazaar, within the city walls, located before the palace Red Fort. He invited many Jain financiers to settle there and allowed them to build temporary structures that served as Jain temples. The Jain community enshrined three marble idols in the temple.
In 1800-1807, the imperial treasurer Raja Harsukh Rai obtained permission to build a temple with a pagoda in the Jain community of Dharamapura, south of the Moonlight Bazaar. The temple is known for its fine carvings and is now known as the New Temple (Naya Mandir).
In 1931, a Tengyan Jain monk came to Delhi. He was the first Tirthankara Jain monk to visit Delhi in eight centuries.
The Hindu Gauri Sankar Temple, adjacent to the Tengyi Jain temple, was built about a century later in 1761. It, too, has been significantly rebuilt in the last few decades. | <urn:uuid:3d3dd444-b90f-4881-a370-47ceca0250bb> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.goparoo.com/asia/india/delhi/attractions/digambar-jain-temple/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.961333 | 397 | 2.671875 | 3 |
Migraine Awareness Month:
An ocular migraine is any migraine headache that involves a visual disturbance such as flashes of light, seeing stars or zigzags or the appearance of blind spots in the visual field. Ocular migraines can interfere with your ability to go about your daily tasks such as driving, reading or writing, however, the visual symptoms don’t last long and do go away completely once the migraine has passed.
What is an Ocular Migraine?
The term ocular migraine may refer to a couple of different conditions. Firstly, migraines with auras often have eye-related symptoms that precede the actual headache. An aura is a physical symptom that is experienced usually within 5 minutes to an hour before a migraine comes on, and can include:
- Blind spots (scotomas) or partial vision loss
- Flashes of light, spots or zigzag patterns
- Visual, auditory (hearing) or olfactory (smell) hallucinations or disruptions
- Tingling or numbness
- Mental fog, trouble finding words and speaking
These types of ocular migraines commonly appear by obstructing a small area of vision which spreads gradually over 5 minutes.
A second type of ocular migraine is when you actually experience temporary vision loss or disruptions (flashes, blind spots, zigzag lines etc.) during or immediately following the migraine headache. Ocular migraines can also sometimes appear without any head pain at all. They may also be called eye, ophthalmic, or retinal migraines.
What Causes Ocular Migraines?
Similar to classic migraines, the exact cause of an ocular migraine is unknown. Genetic predisposition seems to be a factor to some extent, and having a family history of migraines does put you at greater risk.
While they don’t know the cause, experts have seen that spasms in the blood vessels and nerve cells in the retinal lining at the back of the eye are associated with ocular migraine symptoms.
For some, there are certain environmental triggers, or a combination of factors, that cause migraines. These differ on an individual basis but can include:
- Bright lights or loud sounds
- Strong smells
- A sudden or drastic change in weather conditions
- Eating, or exposure to, certain food substances such as, alcohol, caffeine, nitrates, MSG (monosodium glutamate), artificial sweeteners and tyramine.
Since triggers are different for everyone it’s advised to try to identify yours by keeping a journal to track your environment, diet and lifestyle habits, when you experience a headache.
Treatment for Ocular Migraines
Treatment for ocular migraines is usually not necessary as the symptoms typically resolve themselves within 30 minutes. It is advised to rest and avoid doing things that require vision and concentration until the headache goes away and the vision symptoms cease. If you are experiencing an ocular headache:
- Lie down in a quiet, dark room when possible
- Massage or apply pressure to the temples and scalp
- Apply a damp towel to the forehead
If you experience auras, taking a migraine medication when the aura occurs, can often reduce the intensity of the headache that follows. In other words, you can use the aura as a warning sign that a headache is coming on and treat it preventatively. Your doctor may prescribe a pain reliever for associated head pain and, if migraines are chronic, a preventative medication may be given.
It’s important to note that if you are experiencing any unusual visual symptoms or an increase in frequency or duration of symptoms, you should see an eye doctor right away to rule out any serious, vision threatening conditions. Symptoms such as floaters or flashing lights can also be a sign of a retinal tear or hole.
If you get migraines, among the best ways to prevent them are to keep your mind and body healthy by eating nutritious foods, getting enough rest and managing stress effectively. | <urn:uuid:94a9d50c-b04f-46eb-a7a6-196a6afa2cd8> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.grandviewvision.com/2018/06/18/ocular-migraines-2018/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.913361 | 830 | 3.34375 | 3 |
In Indonesia, only 9 percent of plastic waste is well managed. One of the most significant contributors to plastic waste comes from Bottled Drinking Water (AMDK). The problem is increasing, considering that bottled drinking water manufacturers still issue a new variant of plastic packaging, namely single-use gallons. Judging this product as a setback, two high school students initiate a petition to refuse single-use gallons.
Jakarta (Greeners) – Two students of State Senior High School (SMAN) 6 Bekasi, named Elhan and Helfia, assess that single-use gallons drinking water products are a setback to the mission to reduce plastic waste.
Their change.org page initiates the petition “Refuse Single-Use Gallons” to one of the significant bottled drinking water producers. Elhan says the gallons provision program at her school inspired the emergence of this petition.
“The reason we started this petition is that we think of disposable gallons is a step back from the programs we have at school. Especially the gallons provision program,” says Elhan, at the press conference for the Refusal of Disposable Gallons Petition, Tuesday (29/12/2020).
SMAN 6 Bekasi Reusable Gallons Program Cuts 4 Kilograms of Waste per Day
As of January 14, 2021, over 26,000 people supported this petition. Elhan – who is also active in environmental organizations at her school – says that SMAN 6 Bekasi rejects single-use plastic packaging, especially bottled water.
She explains that SMAN 6 Bekasi has implemented the reusable gallons program for three years. In each hallway of SMAN 6 Bekasi, she continues, there are 2-3 reusable water gallons for drinking.
She mentions that data shows per three months after the program took place at SMAN 6 Bekasi, waste from the previous 10 kilograms (kg) per day is reduced to 6kg.
She reckons the data proves that bottled water is the number one waste at SMAN 6 Bekasi.
“The reusable gallon is effective in reducing plastic bottle waste. However, the existence of these disposable gallons is concerning. It’s useless if we reduce bottled water if the gallon is single-use plastic,” Elhan complains.
“There are claims that packaging is easy to recycle, but the management and responsibility are still unclear,” she protests.
Activist: Do Not Underestimate a Petition
Executive Director of the Indonesian Plastic Bag Diet Movement, Tiza Mafira, assesses that a petition is not trivial. Reflecting on the success of banning plastic bags, she believes that petitions from the public can bring substantial changes.
Moreover, she continues, if the petition’s initiators and the supporting communities were truly consistent and fought for their aspirations.
Furthermore, Mafira says that Elhan and Helfia’s idea of rejecting single-use gallons was the right step. The petition is targeting a single-use gallons manufacturer or brand.
Mafira reminds the company that a petition that directly appoints a party does not mean the plea comes from a competitor.
This petition, she adds, aims to bring about changes followed by other producers – especially for bottled drinking water producers.
Mafira assesses that large producers often market products with false claims. She reckons that the marketing volume tends to be massive for single-use gallons and even attracts well-known influencers.
“The company must make a change. With a bigger market share and more influence on the market, they can have more power to take a step and influence their competitors,” she suggests.
Plastic Waste Producers Must Have a Roadmap and Open Their Data
Greenpeace Indonesia Urban Campaigner, Muharram Atha Rasyadi, says the plastic waste rejection campaign or movement must be ready to deal with big industries.
Even so, he continues, the current campaign had a strong foundation with existing regulations. One of them is the presence of Minister of Environment Regulation (KLHK) number 75 of 2019 regarding the Roadmap for Waste Management by Producers.
According to Rasyadi, with this regulation, producers, especially single-use plastic packaging manufacturers, must have a roadmap since 2020.
In 2021, he adds that these companies must start to carry out waste management from their products.
Rasyadi also warns entrepreneurs not to make products or activities that contradict existing regulations.
“These single-use gallons is a contradiction. When producers should reduce their plastic waste, they even issue new products that have the potential to become single-use waste,” he says.
Furthermore, Rasyadi explains, his party gave several notes in the LHK Regulation Number 75 of 2020. According to him, the regulation does not include the disclosure of waste management data by companies. The data is vital so that people are aware of the progress in waste management of producers.
“If producers convey the packaging or their recycling process is good, they need to open their data as widely as possible. How much recycling are they doing? Where is the reach and place point? Is the volume of production balanced from the amount of recycling?” asks Rasyadi.
Reporter: Muhammad Ma’rup
Editor: Ixora Devi | <urn:uuid:394a7f3c-222a-4d49-b72e-48ccd4ec49b3> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.greeners.co/english/petition-to-refuse-single-use-gallons/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.938582 | 1,100 | 2.5625 | 3 |
by Eduardo Pelaez (MDes ULE ’19)
Rapid population growth, rural-urban migration, and the occupation of vulnerable territories are powerful characteristics for the increase of informal settlements. Largely, informal settlements have been defined by socio-economic standards, poverty, and lack of infrastructure. However, there is little research to comprehend the ecosystems, grounds, and implications of settling those environments. This mode of spontaneous urbanization has generally occupied the most vulnerable places of cities or territories with “bad geology,” which are usually located in areas prone to environmental hazards, such as groundwater flooding, subsidence, and landslides (Davis 2006: 121). For this reason, people who live in informal settlements have had to learn how to cohabitate with their environmental vulnerabilities, such as swamps, floodplains, and riversides, which are all wet grounds susceptible to groundwater flooding; rubbish mountains, which are waste grounds vulnerable to subsidence; and, unstable hillsides and steep slopes, categorized as steep grounds susceptible to landslides.
This thesis seeks to theorize, document, and highlight alternative adaptation strategies of inhabiting weak grounds, categorized as wet, waste, and steep grounds. I review one case study for each ground type and analyze it through archival, studio, and field works. This research thesis calls attention to new narratives in the understanding of informal settlements in the intersection among tectonic substructures, vulnerabilities of those grounds, and the adaptation responses of people in their built environments. The new knowledge produced leaves aside technical conventions of “suitable or bad geologies” and highlights unseen resourceful strategies and ecological flux systems that enable people to inhabit those environments. | <urn:uuid:dac910d6-94ac-4272-832b-9646abd0591d> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.gsd.harvard.edu/project/slumscapes-of-adaptation-weak-grounds-risk-ecologies-community-initiatives/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.942827 | 344 | 2.71875 | 3 |
America's older generations are increasingly at risk of developing substance use disorders. Listen in as Brenda Iliff, addiction expert and author, joins host William C. Moyers to discuss the growing prevalence of addiction among older adults.
0:00:16 William Moyers
Hello and welcome to Let's Talk, a series of podcasts produced by the Hazelden Betty Ford Foundation on issues related to substance use prevention, research, treatment and recovery from addiction to alcohol and other drugs. My name is William Moyers I'm your host for today and I've worked for Hazelden Betty Ford for the past 23 years. But before that I was a patient in 1989 and 1991 and so I know about these issues both professionally and personally. And I certainly know about the issues as they relate to our topic today and our guest Brenda Iliff. Brenda is the executive director of our operation in Florida, down in Naples specifically. And today, Brenda is here to share with us her expertise on addiction and treatment issues in the 50 plus population, meaning those who are older than 50 years old. Why is that an issue?
0:01:09 Brenda Iliff
Well as people age, we become at greater risk for chemical use, misuse and abuse. You know we know that young people are at greater risk because of the developing brain. But we don't talk about much that as we age also, we're at increased risk. In fact there's estimates that about 17 percent of people 50 and above have a chance of chemical use, misuse or abuse. And the reason for that just like with the young people it's about physiologically the brain is different with the young people, with older people physiologically the way we metabolize the chemicals are very different. So that one or two drinks that we've had our whole life with no problem really all of a sudden the body starts to slow down and that one or two drinks can become like four or five in our systems. And then we might be retiring and we might have trouble sleeping or we might have anxiety, or we might have losses, or we might have our hip replaced and get on pain pills. So, people are at much greater risk as they age.
0:02:15 William Moyers
Is there a stigma around addiction in older adults? How so?
0:02:19 Brenda Iliff
Oh yes, absolutely. We're really talking about two different groups. One would be the traditionalists, the old or older adults. And there's a huge stigma there because think about that, those are folks that were growing up during prohibition. And so it was really very much a moral issue for those folks. And then the baby boomers, those are folks who were sex, drugs and rock 'n roll. And they're not opposed to goin' back to sex drugs and rock 'n roll. But a lot of times there's the stigma of how could this happen to me? I've had a whole life of wonderful life and now the chemicals are causing a problem?
0:02:57 William Moyers
You know it's interesting the baby boom generation was born between 1946 and 1964 and that was the first generation that really had recovery as an option because Alcoholics Anonymous is only founded in the late 1930s and so suddenly baby boomers, a subset of those baby boomers, came of age in recovery. They had an avenue out of their hopelessness. They had an avenue out of their addiction and recovery. So there's certainly a lot of us, I'm being one of them, who's been in recovery and is now getting older. What is it that older adults, particularly older adults who are already in recovery, what do we have to watch out for as we get older in recovery?
0:03:39 Brenda Iliff
Oh wow, there's oh that's a great question, William. There's several things that we've seen you know at Hazelden Betty Ford in Naples half the people we work with are 50 and older.
0:03:39 William Moyers
0:03:50 Brenda Iliff
So we're seeing a lot of people who are entering into treatment at a little bit later in life. They might even have years of recovery and then they move, or they retire and AA is not the same as it was in Cleveland, or Texas, or Minnesota or whatever. And so they start to get a little complacent. Because I don't really belong, so people really need to watch out for resting on their laurels if you will. But they also need to watch out for medications. As people age, we have our hips fall apart, our knees fall apart, or whatever, and people are exposed to medications that they may not have been exposed to before such as the pain pills, the benzodiazepines, the anxiety pills and that can bring people back into addiction also.
0:04:42 William Moyers
The role that we have as recovering people who are getting older in recovery we have a responsibility to let our doctors know this, don't we?
0:04:50 Brenda Iliff
We do. we do. And not only that, but we have a responsibility for what we put in our mouths. Because you may hear from a doctor or health care provider 'You need this for the pain.' And you might, but you might not need it for three months. You might need it for three days or one day. So we have the responsibility to talk to people who know about medications in recovery too. 'Cause the benzodiazepines and the opiates are highly addictive.
0:05:17 William Moyers
What would be an example of a benzodiazepine for example?
0:05:20 Brenda Iliff
A sleeping pill.
0:05:22 William Moyers
Sleeping pill. Yeah.
0:05:22 Brenda Iliff
Yeah. Or an anxiety pill. And you know as people get older, the anxiety does increase because just like everything else slows down in our bodies, so do those chemicals in our brains. So people are more susceptible to anxiety, to depression, the serotonin's not working as well and for many folks, so.
0:05:43 William Moyers
You talked about opioids or pain medication and of course we know we've chronicle in these podcasts and we see it every day at Hazelden Betty Ford the impact that opioids or pain medication had on the population, we have an epidemic. How has that epidemic manifested itself in the population that you work with?
0:06:00 Brenda Iliff
Hugely. In the—in the county that Hazelden Betty Ford is located in, half our overdoses are people that are older but we don't talk about it. We talk about the people that are younger. Those are the people that are hittin' the papers, you know, the opiate epidemic.
0:06:13 William Moyers
0:06:15 Brenda Iliff
But we've got a lot of people who are older who are dying. Usually though what's different is there's alcohol in the system and there's benzos in the system.
0:06:24 William Moyers
So they're mixing all three?
0:06:25 Brenda Iliff
Yeah absolutely. There's a trifecta. And you know we get a lot of I mean thank goodness we're getting a lot of information about the opiate epidemic. But generally we need to talk about the addiction epidemic that we're facing.
0:06:38 William Moyers
So how do we treat older adults 50 plus? It's hard to believe that we talk about 50 plus being an older adult but that's a reality. How do—what's the treatment modality, how do we approach treatment for somebody who's older? For example, they might be in a wheelchair they might have some cognitive issues, they might be set in their ways. How do we do it?
0:06:59 Brenda Iliff
We do it the same way we do with everybody else.
0:07:01 William Moyers
0:07:01 Brenda Iliff
Yeah. Looking at, holistically, what does this person need. So first off, we're gonna make sure that they get a safe detox. Because detox goes a little bit slower as people age.
0:07:13 William Moyers
0:07:14 Brenda Iliff
So yeah we wanna make sure they get a safe detox. But then we need to look at their needs. What are their medical needs? What are their mental health needs? What are their addiction needs? A lot of the pieces of treatment for someone who's older that we find so helpful and they just eat it up is education. Learning about what happened? What happened? How did a 61-year-old like me who's had a full life cross the line into addiction?
0:07:40 William Moyers
0:07:41 Brenda Iliff
So these are folks that are very responsive to learning more about addiction and learning more about—about the solution. Which we believe is the Twelve Steps of Alcoholics Anonymous. And a lot of times, with the older, older, older adults, those are folks who've had purpose in their life. So it's just helping them get back to some sort of purpose. With the boomers, sometimes they're still searchin' for purpose. They've never found it. But what more can really be helpful for people is connecting 'em with others, finding a purposeful and meaningful life through the Twelve Steps.
0:08:14 William Moyers
So let's talk about the family for just a minute here. I know that I've had many adult children come to me and say you know my mother or my father isn't right. Dad's retired and he's playing golf every day and we want him to play golf but he's comin' home tipsy at five o'clock. Or mom's lost her husband of 65 years and so she's filling that void with a little bit of alcohol. On the one hand we don't see anything wrong with that but on the other hand something's going on here. Talk about how—what would be the advice to an adult child?
0:08:46 Brenda Iliff
Well obviously start with empathy, dignity and respect. You know? I wouldn't use the words alcoholic or addict.
0:08:54 William Moyers
0:08:54 Brenda Iliff
I'd stay away from those words totally. Generally with the older, older adult, things that can be really helpful are tying it back to independence. So dad I'm worried about all your falls, you know. If you wanna stay independent we have to do something about your falls. Could we talk to somebody about how alcohol or the benzos might be affecting your falls? Also tying it back to health issues can be really helpful. Mom, I'm worried about your diabetes, we're not getting—we're not getting your diabetes under control, I'm wondering if we can talk to somebody about how the drinking impacts your diabetes. But clearly stay away from labeling words like alcohol and alcoholic.
0:09:35 William Moyers
What's your response though to those adult children who say you know it's too late, dad's 80 years old, mom is 86.
0:09:44 Brenda Iliff
You know some of the myths of—of aging and the myths of addiction are they're too old, they won't change, let 'em enjoy their life. When we're talking with people that have crossed the line, they're not enjoying life anymore. They're falling, they're hurting themselves, they're isolating. One of the—the key piece, things that I've seen really motivate people is getting 'em back to enjoying their life. And it a lot of times one of the differences for older adults is it can be a minimal intervention. It doesn't have to be I mean if they're lucky and they can come to Hazelden Naples or Hazelden Betty Ford in any of our sites good for them. But a lot of times a conversation with the clergy can do it. Just educating about the effects of the drugs. Or a conversation with a health care provider can do it. It doesn't a lot of times a minimal intervention can do a lot with an older adult.
0:10:42 William Moyers
So then you touched on something that I hadn't even thought about which is the importance of education around these issues in the community at large, be it in the medical field or in the church or in the civics association, right? You do some of that community work too.
0:10:56 Brenda Iliff
We do, we do some education through Hazelden Betty Ford about older adults, but it's important to—to look at all the people that influence this person's life. Like the person that may spot it is the home health care person. Or the trash person. Or the neighbor. Or the parish nurse. You know? It's not just the typical, we think the families are gonna see it. In fact many times the families don't see it because they're livin' all over the country.
0:11:28 William Moyers
0:11:29 Brenda Iliff
You know? And mom and dad are retired in Florida. So, who might be. We go out and we educate sometimes social communities. Some of the older adult retirement villages where social hour starts at noon sometimes and there are some real problems there.
0:11:45 William Moyers
I know you've been open in your writings and in your teachings and your lectures about being a woman in recovery and also a woman who is a 50 plus, just like I'm a 50 plus. I wanna just to end our podcast by having you share a little bit about how your perspective on your journey has evolved through these years and through these decades. How do you see recovery today compared to when you found recovery twenty-some odd years ago?
0:12:11 Brenda Iliff
Oh it's so—you know they say the road narrows and the road gets broader. You know at first it was about staying sober, now it's about living life. A life beyond my wildest dreams. And I get to, I mean, to think that I can watch women, men, older adults, younger adults, find recovery, what a gift.
0:12:33 William Moyers
Well thank you, Brenda, for sharing your life with us today and your life in the communities that you live in and that you work in. Brenda Iliff the executive director of Hazelden Betty Ford's operations in Naples, Florida. Thank you for joining us today and thanks to all of you, our constituents at the Hazelden Betty Ford Foundation for tuning in to another edition of Let's Talk. On behalf of our executive producer Lisa Stangl, I'm William Moyers and we hope you'll join us again for Let's Talk, a series of podcasts on the issues that matter to Hazelden Betty Ford and matter to you, too. | <urn:uuid:b841725f-e2da-489d-b791-a8e7e36dbcb5> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.hazeldenbettyford.org/podcasts/addiction-recovery-older-adults | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.973296 | 3,158 | 2.53125 | 3 |
This post and photography are courtesy of Nic Abraham.
Have you seen the Calm commercials that recommend doing nothing for 15 to 30 seconds? Whenever they air, I always stop what I’m doing for the allotted time, close my eyes, and breathe. It’s a quick and pleasant meditation break that I think we can all use during the hustle and bustle of a busy day.
In times of stress, tension, uncertainty and worry, taking a minute or two to refresh our minds is necessary. Relaxation practices, such as meditation, can increase peace, promote calmness and reduce mental chatter. It is also known to decrease anxiety and depression, reduce stress and more. Not to mention, it doesn’t take much to get started.
What is Meditation?
As a form of wellbeing, meditation has been practiced for centuries and was originally meant to deepen one’s understanding of life. In modern times, it has evolved to provide stress relief and tranquility. Through breathing exercises, focusing on a word or phrase or being intentional about an action, meditation increases the mind-body connection.
Meditation can positively affect emotional health by increasing creativity, patience and self-awareness while helping you better cope with stress. It is also known to benefit those suffering from ailments, such as chronic pain and heart disease.
Misconceptions about a Meditation
There’s a misconception that meditation removes negative thoughts and replaces them with positive ones. What it actually does is help focus thoughts and reduce overload.
Another misconception is that meditation is difficult to do, and I can understand why people would feel this way. If you’ve never done it before, centering your thoughts can seem like an overwhelming task. Fortunately, there are tons of meditation methods, and honestly, there’s no wrong way to meditate. It’s more about trying than it is about being perfect.
Types of Meditation
There are many forms of meditation. Each has a different way of achieving the same goal: inner peace. Some meditation approaches include:
- Mantra Meditation: Uses silent repetition of calming words, phrases or thoughts to promote focus and prevent distracting or negative thoughts.
- Guided Meditation: Forms nostalgic or desirable mental images to promote relaxation. This approach can incorporate smells, sounds and textures.
- Mindfulness Meditation: Increases one’s awareness of breathing or bodily sensations, as well as words or phrases. This approach helps release negative thoughts, decrease distractions and live in the present moment.
- Transcendental Meditation: An approach that recites phrases, sounds or words in a specific way to settle your body and mind.
How to Meditate
Meditation isn’t complicated and shouldn’t add stress. Start with a few minutes and increase as you feel comfortable. It can also be done at any time of day, depending on your needs and availability. Carve out some time and consider these factors.
- Focus on taking deep, controlled breaths to calm a wandering mind.
- Feel every bodily sensation. Take note of everything you feel, such as pain, tightness, relaxation and whatever else your body alerts you to.
- Find a location that is free of clutter.
- Maintain good posture.
- Remember to continuously repeat your word, phrase, thought, prayer or scripture.
- Remain in gratitude with a positive attitude.
- Remove distractions to increase attention and focus.
- Meditation walks are also great for relaxation.
Lastly, if you’re just starting out, be kind to yourself. Meditation is like a muscle–it takes time and practice to build.
Please consult your medical provider before adding any new routine. | <urn:uuid:3a698743-438e-4d3f-8689-03269d1c3d59> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.heinens.com/stories/refresh-your-mind-with-meditation/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.93683 | 756 | 2.859375 | 3 |
“The general understanding is that if we just press the right buttons, we'll reach our goals faster, while saving time and money. Everything should be done quickly, and speed has gained an intrinsic value.”
We are different whether we like it or not
While this view is reinforced, many studies show that it is not that simple at all; we are radically different from each other, with different abilities, whether we like it or not.
“This difference has to be recognised and there is in fact an awareness in the world of education world that learning and knowledge tend to take time. However, this awareness falls by the wayside when the cult of efficiency is reinforced. But what learning does such a situation allow and what is being cut?”
Society demands so much more today
To deal with the complexity of our society, pupils need to be capable of deep understanding and critical thinking. Deep learning is about being able to apply knowledge in different contexts and to understand connections.
“It can never be done quickly. To enable everyone to reach appropriate goals, teachers need to slow down and make time for seeing and considering different individuals’ capacities.
Silvia explains that some teachers go out into the corridor to talk to the students, giving up their own time to keep up. Other teachers group pupils who need considerably more time and support.
“As a teacher, you need to be aware of the necessity to interpret the pupils’ different needs in each class, instead of using a general method for all, even though that general approach may be considered effective.”
“If we allow the cult of efficiency to determine the learning process, we risk ending up with a number of unequipped pupils. We need to stop and think and to take actions that we initially perceive as a waste of time. We can do better than today,” Silvia Edling says. | <urn:uuid:d529c100-1ad7-42e3-805a-98a61da732fd> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.hig.se/Ext/En/University-of-Gavle/Arkiv/Externa-nyheter/2021-11-08-The-cult-of-efficiency-does-not-allow-time-for-seeing-the-needs-of-individual-pupils.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.956395 | 389 | 3.234375 | 3 |
Primary care services are health services which are the first point of contact in the healthcare system and play a role in the health of the local population. The Quality and Outcomes Framework (QOF) project, which is managed by the Ministry of Public Health (MoPH) and National Health Security Office (NHSO), aims to improve the quality of primary care to be equal to other healthcare providers nationwide as well as to match up to international standards. In the first and second phases of current research project on the development of quality indicators for primary care under the Universal Health Coverage scheme, it was found that the QOF project was beneficial in the development of health services. In other words, it raised awareness in primary care providers about the importance of quality primary care even though it was a short-term project. However, the QOF project can continue to be developed to increase efficiency even more if the NHSO and the MoPH use quality indicators and utilize both financial and other non- monetary incentives that are related to the QOF. The QOF project should also be evaluated in an appropriate manner to show what kind of benefits are obtained. | <urn:uuid:82181864-6504-41c2-86f1-c7a91d6aecad> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.hitap.net/en/documents/172404 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.969515 | 227 | 2.828125 | 3 |
The burning issue
23 January 2013
Employers have a legal 'duty of care' to assess the risks of working in the sun and to take preventative action such as choosing the right protective equipment and skin care products. Sunscreen is of paramount importa
Sunscreen is of paramount importance for helping to reduce the risks of damage to the skin. Sun Protection Factor (SPF) 30 means that the product will stop 95-97% of UVB rays and allow 30 times longer in the sun before burning than without it.
However, it is important that the product is applied correctly; even on a cloudy day, 30-50% of the sun's rays reach the skin so sunscreen should be liberally applied every 2-3 hours.
Christine Mottershead, marketing director at Deb advises: "As Sun Safety Week approaches, it is important to look at the needs of outdoor workers." Christine suggests: "Organisations should work with companies who are experts in skin care to provide a systemised skin safety solution along with providing advice and educational materials based on the HSE's 6-point code." | <urn:uuid:d7b7f8bc-dd86-45c2-8060-27619a9e80d4> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.hsmsearch.com/page_252936.asp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.953463 | 225 | 2.765625 | 3 |
The US National Institute of Diabetes estimated that those who suffer from some form of diabetic neuropathy account for around 60-70% of the total diabetic population.
Diabetic neuropathy is one of the complications of type-2 diabetes (also known as “diabetes mellitus”), an ailment that affects the stimuli-transmitting ability of nerve fibers. This results in sensory and motor ailments, with many symptoms such as cramps, formication (tingling sensation on skin, like insects crawling on it), pain (mainly overnight), headache. Neuropathy can also threaten the blood flow, blood pressure regulation, intestinal function, and the urinary tract function.
Neuropathy is peripheral when it affects hands, legs and feet, while it is autonomic when it affects internal organs.
Prevention is Paramount
Neuropathy prevention is paramount in the treatment of diabetes, as Doctor Cesare Berra, Supervisor of the Metabolic Diseases Section at Humanitas, explains: “Diabetic neuropathy is one of the micro-vascular complications caused by diabetes. Due to its nature, similar to that of diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy, it is possible to prevent it by healing the metabolic disease precociously and adequately.
Scientific data agree on considering overriding an early treatment of hyperglycemia, to be carried out with the best medications available. At Humanitas we are able to use the newest medications for diabetes, that always have to get combined with an adequate educational therapy about the right lifestyles. In addition to this, I would like to highlight that, unfortunately, diabetic neuropathy is a contributory cause of the so-called “diabetic foot”, another dangerous complication of diabetes”.
Quit smoking and pay attention to blood pressure and cholesterol
“Micro- and macro-vascular complications are caused by hyperglycemia and by other factors, such as high blood pressure (mainly involved in diabetic nephropathy) and cigarette smoke (always harmful to large and small blood vessels). Diabetics should absolutely avoid smoking and monitor adequately their arterial pressure (around 120/130 the systolic one and 80 mm/Hg the diastolic one, according to the new guidelines) and their lipid parameters (in particular, LDL cholesterol levels should be lower than 100 mg/dl)”, Doctor Berra explains. | <urn:uuid:b3b6f82a-7cb7-466a-bb70-40c5f9bf3be1> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.humanitas.net/news/diabetic-neuropathy-prevention-key/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.926387 | 488 | 2.96875 | 3 |
Downloads: 125 | Views: 171
Research Paper | Dental Science | Indonesia | Volume 6 Issue 8, August 2017
Empowerment of Little Dentists and Parents as the Effort to Change the Tooth Brushing Behavior of Sayan Students
Abstract: The empowerment of the society has a purpose to improve the ability of the society to behave healthily, to solve the health problems independently, to be active in any health building, and to become the activator in realizing the development in health vision. The purpose of this research is to change tooth brushing behavior and to improve the oral hygiene of SD 2 Sayan students by carrying out the correct daily tooth brushing program by little dentists and parents guidance. This experimental study with pre-post test without control group design was implemented using 68 students. All students did correct tooth brushing program every day that conducted by little dentists at school and who had been trained before that and their parents at home for 35 days. The result showed that the correct tooth brushing behavior and oral hygiene of students before and after tooth brushing program at school and at home were different significantly that analyzed using Wilcoxon test. (p<0.05). The correlations between students tooth brushing behavior and oral hygiene before and after correct tooth brushing program at school and at home was analyzed using Spearman test showed significantly (p<0.05).
Keywords: empowerment, tooth brushing behavior, oral hygiene
Edition: Volume 6 Issue 8, August 2017,
Pages: 911 - 915 | <urn:uuid:b6c778fb-67c7-4d59-888a-094f237326f6> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=ART20175879 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.959182 | 305 | 2.78125 | 3 |
New research from the UK reveals that you can age your brain by up to seven years by getting not only too little sleep but too much.
Announced May 1 and published in the journal Sleep, the research tested memory, reasoning, and vocabulary and found that between seven and eight percent of people who slept more than six to eight hours a night scored worse on every test than those who slept less. Also, for the under-sleepers, 25 percent of women and 18 percent of men tested lower in vocabulary and reasoning capacity. The team collected data on 5,431 men and women aged 35 to 55.
"The main result to come out of our study was that adverse changes in sleep duration appear to be associated with poorer cognitive function in later-middle age," said lead author Jane Ferrie of the University College London Medical School Department of Epidemiology and Public Health in the UK in a release.
"Chronic short sleep produces hormones and chemicals in the body, which increase the risk of developing heart disease and strokes, and other conditions like high blood pressure and cholesterol, diabetes, and obesity," she added.
So, what's the sleep sweet spot? Around seven hours of good quality sleep is essential to your health and cognitive functioning, according to the scientists.
Another sleep study published last November also touts the benefits of the right amount of quality time with your pillow. The study found that people who regularly slept around eight hours a night had better memories - the ability to recall and reorganize memories and pick out emotional details - than those who do not. The research was published in Current Directions in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science.
How to get a better night's rest? Health information website WebMD recommends the following:
- Cut caffeine - the effects of caffeine can take as long as eight hours to wear off.
- Avoid alcohol as a sleep aid - it may initially help you fall asleep, but it can also lead to less-than-restful sleep.
- Relax before bedtime - create a pre-sleep ritual, such as light stretching or a hot bath, to help you unwind from the day.
- Exercise - regular exercise, usually in the mornings or afternoons, can help you sleep like a baby.
- Keep your bedroom dark, quiet, and comfortable.
For more tips on restful sleep: http://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/guide/10-tips-to-get-better-sleep
Access the study: http://www.journalsleep.org/ViewAbstract.aspx?pid=28123
Watch: How To Sleep Well As You Get Older
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Taking a look inside data privacy
Taking steps to help protect your personal data is more important now than ever before. We all have a role to play in understanding the wide (and wild) world of data privacy.
This resource is a space to learn and explore some of the ways you can manage your digital privacy and help keep your personal data safe.
Dive into our dictionary of common terms to help you decode and discuss the world of data privacy
Everyone wants to keep their personal data safe, but the world of data privacy is complex and can be confusing. Understanding commonly used terms can give you a better understanding of how to protect your personal information.
Here are some terms to help you understand the wide world of data privacy.
A process in which a system, service, or website determines that the rightful account holder is the one accessing it. Digital authentication can come in many forms and combinations including passwords, biometric data, and more.Read more
The process by which a business/website obtains consent from users to the collection, use, disclosure and processing of personal information.Read more
Taking readable data and changing it so it appears to be written with random text in order to prevent it from being viewed or altered. Encrypted data can only be decrypted by people with access to a special key (a “decryption key”).Read more
The idea that an individual should have control of their personal data and how it is collected or shared.Read more
A process in which a system or service needs to confirm that the user is an actual person that exists and that the user is who they say they are. This is usually done with physical identification documents such as ID cards, passports, or bank information.Read more
Delve into the dictionary
The moment of sign-in: Are you confident or confused?
Signing in – the act of verifying your identity to access online services or activities – is something that you can often overlook when it comes to safeguarding your personal information online.
With new research commissioned by Interac, we learned about the most common methods Canadians are using to sign into websites or services, how much trust they place in different sign-in options, and how they want their personal information to be protected.
Want to learn more?
Take our questionnaire!
1. Which of the following types of online accounts do you trust the most to properly manage and store your personal information?
69% of Canadians say they trust their banks or financial institutions with their personal information.
Today, Canadians can leverage their existing banking credentials to access participating online services on other platforms with Interac sign-in service.
2. Who do you feel is primarily accountable for protecting your personal information online?
53% of Canadians believe organizations are primarily responsible for protecting their personal information.
As Canadians hold organizations accountable for the use and storage of data, entities of all sizes have an obligation to provide clear guidelines on how personal information will be used and to enable increased control for users when it comes to managing their privacy online.
3. Have you used one of your existing social media or email accounts to sign into an online service?
Nearly six in 10 Canadians (58%) say they use their social media accounts to log in to other online services.
Signing into online accounts is something you might do without considering the implications it can have on your data. Canadians continue to sign in through services in which they report low levels of trust and confidence. For example, only 11% trust social media accounts to store their personal information.
4. Do you find it tedious to set up new usernames and passwords for every website or service you use online?
If you answered yes, then you aren’t alone. 50% of Canadians agree that it’s tedious to set up a new username and password to access online services.
Rather than creating a new username and password, you can access participating government and business services with your existing banking credentials through Interac sign-in service.
5. Some organizations allow users to verify their identity and sign in using existing financial institution or banking credentials. How do you feel about using this type of technology?
Almost half of Canadians (49%) support using their financial institution login details to verify their identity during the sign-in process.
While many Canadians would be supportive of using their bank login to verify their identity when signing into other services, only about two in five Canadians (37%) have heard of using this method. This figure suggests Canadians would benefit from more education on the role trusted credentials can play during sign-in.
What we learned from this research:
Canadians are increasingly concerned with the lack of control they have over their personal information online. The moment of sign-in is a critical opportunity to protect your privacy, so it’s important to understand the benefits and the potential risks of the method you choose.
Read more about how you can help protect yourself online with Interac verification solutions.
See what Canadians are saying about data privacy
A majority of Canadians are concerned about the protection of their data and privacy online, but there are often inconsistencies in how – or even if – they’re taking action to safeguard their personal information. Interac has identified the moment of sign-in as a critical opportunity to protect privacy.
7 in 10
want more control over their online information
feel their personal information is being used for its intended purpose
More than half
have used the same passwords across multiple websites
would like more information to be readily available on how they can protect their personal information online
Read the press release
Protecting you and your digital self
How many versions of yourself exist online? Learn how to secure your digital identity and help protect your personal information at the moment of sign-in.
Read the article
Want to know more about protecting your data?
See what Interac verification solutions can do for you. | <urn:uuid:c2dbf3df-bb05-4bcb-9069-f6d3504552ed> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.interac.ca/en/content/taking-a-look-inside-data-privacy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.931754 | 1,207 | 3.15625 | 3 |
Lotteries are a form of live draw sgp gambling that can be found in most states. They are a popular way to raise money for good causes.
In the past, lotteries were a common way for states to fund public projects without increasing taxes. They became controversial, however, due to their high odds of winning and their addictive nature.
A lottery is a low-odds game or process in which winners are chosen by chance. It is used in many decision-making situations, including sports team drafts and the allocation of scarce medical treatment.
A common type of lottery is Lotto, in which a player selects several numbers from a pool. The winner receives a prize.
Some states offer financial lottery games, in which a player bets a small amount of money for a chance to win a jackpot. These lottery games are often criticized as addictive, but they can also raise money for good causes.
The origins of the lottery can be traced back to centuries ago. Ancient documents record the drawing of lots to determine ownership and other rights. Later, Roman emperors used lotteries to finance public projects.
A lottery is a game that involves selecting numbers and winning prizes. The format of a lottery can vary from country to country and depends on the amount of money to be won, the frequency of play and the odds of winning.
In some countries, lotteries also offer a number of different ticket types. These include instant tickets and terminal-based games.
One type of ticket is a play slip, which can be printed on special paper and inserted into a player activated terminal. Another type of ticket is a POS (Point-of-Sale) register that can be placed in a retail establishment for the purposes of advertising or promoting a specific lottery game.
Other types of tickets are those that contain coded serial numbers and corresponding lottery numbers. These are generated through a complex process called algorithmic conversion.
Odds of winning
The odds of winning the lottery vary from lottery to lottery. They depend on the amount of balls that appear in each drawing and the range of numbers that players choose.
Usually, these odds are pretty low. However, some state-run lotteries have favorable odds compared to their national counterparts.
This is because the jackpot sizes on these lotteries are based on how much you would get if you won in an annuity. The bigger the jackpot, the more annuity payments you would get over the course of several years.
Taxes on winnings
While winning a lottery prize is a dream come true, taxes on winnings can turn the windfall into a real financial burden. Whether you take a lump sum or annuity payment, your prize money is considered income and taxed accordingly.
Lottery winners may choose to keep their winnings in a retirement account or other investment that produces an interest return. This method could make a big difference to their income, as it keeps them in a lower tax bracket and reduces their tax bill.
Winning the lottery can also bump you into a higher tax bracket, depending on your individual situation. As a general rule, the higher your income, the higher your tax rate.
Some states use lottery funds to support their elderly residents, while others allocate money to schools and economic development. In either case, the money is distributed by the State Controller’s Office on a quarterly basis.
Several regulations are in place to regulate the lottery. These include rules relating to Agents, sales, and other issues.
These Regulations may be changed from time to time by the lottery commission. They can also be modified by the General Assembly.
Among other things, these regulations set out how employees of the lottery must be compensated and what their duties and responsibilities are. They also set forth how the Lottery must conduct background investigations and disclose any conflicting financial interests. Moreover, they require the lottery to disclose any criminal record of an applicant. | <urn:uuid:0daa5bb6-9e8d-4e0b-b74d-5124394ed7d2> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.ipalamountain.com/tag/live-singapore/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.969483 | 800 | 2.546875 | 3 |
- Development & Aid
- Economy & Trade
- Human Rights
- Global Governance
- Civil Society
Tuesday, December 5, 2023
KUALA LUMPUR, Malaysia, Dec 17 2019 (IPS) - Malnutrition remains a formidable challenge in most societies, with less than a tenth of countries in the world not experiencing at least one major malnutrition problem.
In relatively more food secure countries, where almost everyone has enough to eat, and few live in fear of a sudden loss of access to food, micronutrient deficiencies and diet-related non-communicable diseases (NCDs) often still loom large.
Malaysia has long been a melting pot of different cultures, resulting in various traditional foods and food customs coming together and changing with new technological, demographic, environmental, market and other behavioural influences.
Like most other societies, Malaysia has not been exempt from global trends, with greater food consumption away from home, and the growing popularity of ‘convenience foods’, deep-frying as well as sugared food and beverages.
Diets must improve
Undernutrition, or nutrient deficiencies, remains high, even though hunger, or dietary energy undernourishment, has greatly declined. However, stunting among children under 5 increased from 17.2% in 2006 to 20.7% in 2016, as the share of underweight children rose from 12.9% to 13.7%.
Public health efforts should ensure adequate micronutrient absorption in daily food consumption as deficiencies causing serious problems are largely ignored. For instance, median Malaysian calcium intake was less than half the recommended level in 2014.
Meanwhile, 4.9 million Malaysians were anaemic, around half women of reproductive age. Temporary supplementation for pregnant women is desperately needed, but anaemia in the general population deserves far more attention.Overweight and obesity increase the risks of many NCDs such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and cancers. Alarmingly, NCDs are now the leading cause of premature death and disability. Malaysia is now among the ‘heaviest’ societies in Asia, with 17.7% of adults obese, and a further 30.0% overweight in 2015.
In less than two decades, the prevalence of diabetes increased from 6.9% in 1996 to 17.5% in 2015. NCDs reduce productivity and quality of life, and unnecessarily raise health costs, both private and public, with 10–19% of national healthcare spending in 2018 obesity-related.
While dietary energy consumption, mainly of carbohydrates, initially rises with income, further increases in food spending tend to increase dietary diversity.
But without nutrition awareness, changing food behaviours are typically influenced by new cultural norms, e.g., convenience considerations, peer influence, advertising and fads.
Overweight and obesity are also subject to genetics, behaviour, food consumption, physical activity, illness and globalization, e.g., more ‘food processing’ and ‘convenience foods’. Tackling these factors will improve health and use of scarce healthcare resources.
Like others, Malaysia’s nutrition programmes and policies have evolved. Post-independence nutrition programmes initially focused on improving living conditions among rural populations who constituted over two-thirds of its population in the late 1960s.
These efforts have included school feeding programmes, especially for poor children. But such programmes have been undermined by poor intersectoral, multi-stakeholder coordination, inadequate financing, limited human resource capacities and capabilities as well as poor monitoring and evaluation.
A well-organized, government-financed universal school lunch programme can not only improve nutrition for children, but also farmer incomes and food safety. These have successfully inculcated good habits in children, such as better nutrition, health awareness, physical development, learning, academic performance and cooperation.In countries ranging from Brazil to China, procurement for such programmes has improved food production, increased incomes for farmers and others, parental participation in ensuring food safety and quality, instead of merely enriching transnational food giants.
Better food for all
Marketing of ‘junk’ and other unhealthy foods causing malnutrition needs to be restricted, especially to children, e.g., with stricter regulation of food and beverages sold in school canteens.
Food safety will also need to be improved, e.g., by reducing the overuse of antibiotics for animal, including fish breeding, and of pesticides, most of which also harm humans.
The recent California court decision deeming a popular herbicide carcinogenic raises questions about ‘no-till’ agriculture promotion, ostensibly to increase carbon sequestration in farm top soil, to mitigate greenhouse gas contributions to global warming from agriculture.
‘All-of-government’ nutrition strategies are needed to effectively and comprehensively tackle national malnutrition challenges. Sustainable food systems are needed to promote healthy diets, while public nutrition education is badly needed for both children and adults.
Like other middle-income countries, Malaysia has considerably improved food availability, affordability and stability. What remains is to improve nutrition, health and wellbeing, especially by tackling micronutrient deficiencies and diet-related NCDs.
Addressing Malnutrition in Malaysia by the three authors, all associated with the Khazanah Research Institute, is available at: www.krinstitute.org
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Music inspires us and is a valuable resource for learning languages.
Wanting to teach your little ones new songs?
Learn Spanish alphabet songs and sing them with them while improving their Spanish!
What is the Spanish alphabet song
The Spanish alphabet song is an ordered collection of sounds, letters, and fun music. There are several versions available for your children to learn with the one they like best. The advantage is that they will learn to associate the writing of each letter with its respective sound in a very entertaining way.
Why learn the Spanish alphabet song
Wondering why learn the Spanish alphabet song? The key to language learning is to make it fun, especially for your little ones. Remember that children love to play, laugh, and be happy. And who isn’t happy with music?
Spanish alphabet songs help them memorize the letters. They learn their sounds to improve their listening comprehension and pronunciation.
Have you heard of the Mozart Effect? It’s a concept that indicates how favorable listening to classical music is for neural functioning. It works, specifically when it comes to studying or performing tasks.
It has also been scientifically proven that music facilitates language learning. From grammar, vocabulary, spelling, and listening comprehension.
Learning every day and colloquial language
You´ll be learning every day and colloquial language. They are usually full of phrases, vocabulary, and useful expressions in everyday conversations. The best thing is that the language is up to date, so you’ll be cool.
Improving your pronunciation
Through Spanish songs, you will be improving your pronunciation. So listen, focus, learn the rhythm, the tone of the language, and follow the beat.
Spanish inside your head
When you hear a song in Spanish, the words and beats are repetitive. It’s an easy and practical way to get Spanish inside your head. I’m sure you’ve experienced this with other songs that are impossible to forget.
Improves your mood
Listening to music is one of everyone’s favorite activities. The combination of chords and lyrics improves your mood. But we’re sure you already know the deep and rewarding relationship we can develop with it.
A never-boring activity
Learning Spanish through music is a never-boring activity. While preparing your lunch, walking, exercising, or sleeping, you are learning Spanish. Besides enjoying it, you are making the most of your time.
Immersing yourself in the Hispanic culture
Wondering how a Spanish speaker think, feel, eat, walk, or dream? Listen to many Spanish songs and for immersing yourself in the Hispanic culture. This expands your horizons to better understand and express yourself with them.
Adding other resources
You can help your child learn Spanish effectively by adding other resources to their lessons. First up is the Spanish alphabet song, along with these elements:
- Having the letters of the alphabet in physical form, either purchased or worked out between the two of you.
- Start with the letters that make up your name.
- Make up new words by interchanging the letters.
- Read together daily.
How to Learn the Spanish Alphabet through Songs
Songs are very positive for learning languages at different levels. If you wanna know how to learn the Spanish alphabet through songs, follow these simple steps and you will see how fluency improves.
Choose your favorite artist or song
Choose your favorite artist or song. The best songs to learn Spanish are those with easy, general-purpose language. Avoid those that are too fast or the lyrics are not available on the web.
YouTube and Vimeo are excellent platforms to search and share; some of them include Spanish subtitles. On Spotify, you can find trends and the most popular of the moment. If you want to keep up to date, this is a good place.
Find the lyrics of the song
After finding your favorite song, find the lyrics of the song. Understanding the lyrics and their meaning will take you a few minutes and will be a good support when practicing singing. If you don’t know any platform to download the lyrics, make a simple search in your browser; you can also access Lirycs.com or Exposed Lyrics.
Listen carefully and try to understand what it says
When you have the lyrics in your hands, you must review the vocabulary. Of course, listen carefully and try to understand what it says. Break the song down word by word and include them in your everyday language.
Read the lyrics while listening to the song
Having reviewed the lyrics and listened to the song separately, it is time to put them together. Read the lyrics while listening to the song follow each phrase and pay attention to the pronunciation. Doing this a couple of times will help you memorize each segment.
Research the phrases or words you don’t understand
If you have doubts about the lyrics, research the phrases or words you don’t understand. Study the meaning, context, and colloquial usage in the Spanish language. Don’t forget that this will depend on the country of origin of the song.
Sing and enjoy
After a few days, you will find that you are memorizing the song. At this point, sing and enjoy the song without looking at the lyrics. Take the opportunity to integrate the new vocabulary into your everyday conversations.
Strive to pronounce it the same way.
You have mastered the lyrics and only a few details are missing. Strive to pronounce it the same way you are listening to it.
In any case, you can choose a new song, do the same procedure, and then go back to the previous one. This way your brain will have more time and some rest to better process what you have learned.
Learning through music
We extended the topic a bit by covering learning through music. We did it because we know it will be useful for you and your children to put it into practice.
Take advantage of the Mozart Effect while doing homework for higher performance. Play their favorite songs in Spanish so they can learn while having fun repeating them.
Let your child choose one of the Spanish alphabet songs and practice it together. You’ll see fluency increasing to the beat of the music! | <urn:uuid:c88a1ab2-190f-4752-9cf2-cc4fbbf110d2> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.ithinklanguages.com/learn-spanish-alphabet-songs/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.945496 | 1,288 | 3.390625 | 3 |
JS, History, 1838–1856, vol. D-1, created 4 July 1845–4 Feb. 1846 and 1 July 1854–2 May 1855; handwriting of , Robert L. Campbell, and ; 275 pages, plus 6 pages of addenda; CHL. This is the fourth volume of a six-volume manuscript history of the church. This fourth volume covers the period from 1 Aug. 1842 to 1 July 1843; the remaining five volumes, labeled A-1, B-1, C-1, E-1 and F-1, continue through 8 Aug. 1844.
History, 1838–1856, volume D-1, constitutes the fourth of six volumes documenting the life of Joseph Smith and the early years of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. The series is also known as the Manuscript History of the Church and was originally published serially from 1842 to 1846 and 1851 to 1858 as the “History of Joseph Smith” in the Times and Seasons and Deseret News. This volume contains JS’s history from 1 August 1842 to 1 July 1843, and it was compiled after JS’s death.
The material recorded in volume D-1 was initially compiled under the direction of church historian , with the assistance of . After Richards’s death in 1854, continued work on the volume as the new church historian with Bullock’s continued help. The process adopted by Richards and Bullock involved Richards creating a set of rough draft notes and Bullock transcribing the notes into the volume along with the text of designated documents (such as letters and meeting minutes). George A. Smith followed a similar pattern, though he dictated the draft notes to Bullock and other scribes.
According to the Church Historian’s Office journal, finished the third volume of the series, volume C-1, on Thursday, 3 July 1845, in , Illinois. He began work on the fourth volume, D-1, the next day, beginning on page 1362 with the entry for 1 August 1842. (The pages in volumes A-1–E-1 were numbered consecutively.) Bullock continued work on the record, drawing upon ’s draft notes, until 3 February 1846—the day before D-1 and the other volumes were packed up in preparation for the Latter-day Saints’ exodus from Nauvoo. At that point he had reached page 1485 with the entry for 28 February 1843. Subsequently, apparently after the collection had arrived in Utah, Bullock added a brief comment beneath that entry: “end of W. Richard’s compiling[.] the books packed Feby. 4— 1846 in Nauvoo[.] Miles Romney— present. The records carried by T Bullock from Winter Quarters to G S L [Great Salt Lake] City in 1848.”
A notation at the top of page 1486 reports that “the books were unpacked in G. S. L. City by and . June 7. 1853. J[onathan] Grimshaw & Miles Romney present.” Vertically, in the margin, is a poignant epitaph: “Decr. 1 1853 Dr. Willard Richards wrote one line of History—being sick at the time—and was never able to do any more.” With Richards’s death on 11 March 1854, JS’s cousin was called to the office of church historian. The notation on the top of page 1486 acknowledges this change in officers, noting, “commencement of George A. Smith’s compiling as Historian. April 13. 1854[.] [C]ommenced copying July 1. 1854.” From mid-April to the end of June 1854, George A. Smith, in collaboration with Thomas Bullock, worked on the draft notes for the history before a new scribe, , resumed writing in D-1 on 1 July 1854, beginning with the entry for 1 March 1843.
continued transcribing intermittently into the late fall of 1854, when he was assigned other duties in the Historian’s Office. He had reached page 1546 with the entry for 5 May 1843. Work resumed in February 1855 in the hand of Robert L. Campbell, recently returned from a mission. He concluded volume D-1 on the morning of 2 May 1855 and began writing in E-1 that afternoon.
The 274 pages of volume D-1 contain a record of much that is significant in the life of JS and the development of the church he founded. Among these events are
• JS’s 6 August 1842 prophecy that the Saints would become a mighty people in the midst of the Rocky Mountains.
•JS’s 8 August 1842 arrest on a warrant for being “an accessory before the fact” to an attack on former governor .
• ’s 17 August 1842 letter to governor , pleading for the humane treatment of her husband and family.
•JS’s 1 and 6 September 1842 instructions regarding the proper procedures for performing baptisms for the dead.
• JS’s 15 November 1842 “Valedictory” as he stepped down as editor of the Times and Seasons.
• The 26 December 1842 arrest of JS on a “proclamation” by former governor , and subsequent hearing in , Illinois.
• The 7 February 1843 recovery of a volume of patriarchal blessings given by , which had been stolen in , Missouri.
• JS’s 21 February 1843 remarks regarding the and .
• JS’s 2 April 1843 instruction at , Illinois, on the nature of God and other subjects.
• JS’s 16 May 1843 remarks at , Illinois, on the everlasting covenant and eternal marriage.
• The account of JS’s 23 June 1843 arrest and his hearing the following week at .
Elder Barradale was appointed to preside over Chelten[HC 5:419]ham ; Elder Rudd over the Nottingham Circuit. Elder Pritchard to labor in Derbyshire; Elder Speakman with Elder Parker in the Bradford . Osmond Shaw, Addingham, Yorkshire; George Eyres in Lincolnshire and Hull in connexion with Elder Henry Cuerdon; and Elder Samuel Downs in Derbyshire, with Elder Hibbert.
<8> This morning about day break died, at his residence near the . he was son of Isaac and Sophia Higbee, born 23rd. October 1795 in Galloway, Glocester County N Jersey. In 1803 removed with his parents to Ohio. At the age of 22 he married and removed to , he received the Gospel in the Spring of 1832 and in the summer of the same year went to Missouri, where he was , and returned to , and was an Elder under the hands of his brother 20 February 1833: arrived in with his family in March, and was driven by the mob to in the fall of 1833, ordained a under the hands of by order of the in ; 26 March 1835 started on a Mission, preaching the Gospel thro the States of , , and , arriving at <he> labored on the until it was finished, and received his therein. In the Spring of 1836 returned to his family in , removed them to , where he was appointed County Judge.
We copy the following from page 315 of the Law of the Lord. [HC 5:420]
“He has been sick only five days of Cholera Morbus and inflamation which produced mortification, and his death was unexpected by all. His loss will be universally lamented, not only by his family but by a large circle of Brethren, who have long witnessed his integrity and uprightness as well as a life of devotedness to the cause of truth. He has endured a great share of persecution and tribulation for the cause of Christ, both during the troubles and at other times. On the 6th. day of October 1840 he was appointed one of the Committee to build the in , which office he maintained during his life. In that station he has shown a Disposition to do right at all times, and always manifested a great anxiety for the prosperity of the , as well as the work at large. He has left a large family to mourn his departure; but he is gone to his rest for a little season, even until the morning of the Resurrection, when he will again come forth, and strike hands with the faithful, and share the glory of the kingdom of God for ever and ever.” [p. 1570] | <urn:uuid:4d415ddb-be8e-429a-98c8-7d7a03adbcd1> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.josephsmithpapers.org/paper-summary/history-1838-1856-volume-d-1-1-august-1842-1-july-1843/215 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.974297 | 1,806 | 2.96875 | 3 |
In the Zohar, Rav Shimon Bar Yochai reveals that Moses and Jacob did not die. It sounds like a crazy statement at first, one that contradicts the Torah, which clearly states that Moses died and details the funeral and burial for Jacob. Even Rav Shimon questions himself in this section. What does it mean that Moses and Jacob did not die, and what does it mean for our own lives?
"Each of us has the potential to live in a reality without death."
The Zohar explains that death is merely an illusion that we experience from our limited perspective of the world. There exists a reality where death does not occur and life continues forever. When an individual achieves complete unity with the Creator, death does not touch him or her, and they do not die, but continue to live in this other reality, free of death and pain. Moses and Jacob, because they had reached that level of total transformation, did not experience what we think of as death. It was only the people around them that perceived their death, because they were still living in the illusionary world.
The lesson here is that each of us has the potential to live in a reality without death. Knowing that it exists is the first step to reaching this reality. Then we have to do the difficult work of transforming ourselves completely.
Rav Ashlag further explores this idea of immortality in Ten Luminous Emanations. He teaches us that our souls come from the Creator and are made of the same essence as He, except for one very important difference: we, as humans, have the Desire to Receive for the Self Alone. This is the selfish side of us that wants things only for ourselves. We usually take for granted that people naturally have this selfish side to them, but as Rav Ashlag reveals, it is not really part of who we are or who we are meant to become. We are of the Creator and meant to become like the Creator, unified in thought and action.
This means that the Desire to Receive for the Self Alone is the one part of us that separates us from the Creator. Because the Creator is the source of life, anything that separates us from Him is a separation from life itself. This is what causes death within us. We die when we are finally completely taken over by our Desire to Receive for the Self Alone and become disconnected from the Creator.
The process of disconnecting is a slow one that we are often totally unaware of. Every time that we do an action that is of the Desire to Receive for the Self Alone, we pull away from the source of life. Imagine that we are tethered to the Creator by a series of ropes. Every time we commit a selfish action, we cut one of those ropes, until finally there is nothing binding us at all to the Creator. That is when our bodies die. When we are at the end of our lives, it is not that we have reached a level of ultimate selfishness, but rather that we have committed enough selfish actions throughout our lives that we are now fully disconnected.
"Through this process of transformation, they were able to achieve immortality."
On the other hand, every time we commit a truly selfless deed, we draw closer to the Creator, tightening those bonds. The righteous souls like Moses and Jacob were able to achieve this total unity with the Creator by completely transforming their Desire to Receive for the Self Alone into a selfless Desire to Receive for the Sake of Sharing. And through this process of transformation, they were able to achieve immortality. This is what the purpose of our lives is, to transform our desire.
We tend to think that there are selfish actions and sharing actions, and as long as we are within the realm of the sharing actions, we are okay. But according to Rav Ashlag, this is not exactly true. Even most people’s actions of sharing are still in the realm of selfishness, because we expect to see something in return, whether it be emotional, physical, or even spiritual. If our actions of sharing have an expectation of receiving, they are not true acts of sharing. Not only do these actions not draw us closer to the Creator, they actually have the opposite effect! What we think is an action of sharing can actually be detaching us from the Light of the Creator if our purpose is receiving something in the end.
This is an amazing and very scary revelation. If we understood that our selfishness is directly connected to death, wouldn’t we work harder to be selfless? This is why it is so essential that we look within ourselves to find our motivation behind our actions. Are we coming from a place of true selflessness or are we expecting to receive something for our act of sharing? We must look at the good that we do and cleanse it of any selfishness attached to it.
Rav Ashlag teaches us that we are meant to reach the level where we are completely attached to the Creator, just like Moses and Jacob, but it isn’t easy to get there. It is important that we strive to achieve that level of attachment, but it’s also important that we don’t beat ourselves up along the way, remembering that it is a lifelong process that is incredibly difficult to achieve. That is why we have the tools of study and prayer to guide us. Through our spiritual work, we can transform ourselves into more sharing beings and achieve true immortality. | <urn:uuid:515212b2-e068-4151-8184-10341067cea5> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.kabbalah.com/en/articles/death-and-immortality/?fbclid=IwAR3hv6e8b85lhVrrl2MxEeDCIuCiZwwbEpygqBKETn6ePw2rpOZ7toMBUPM | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.97563 | 1,112 | 2.59375 | 3 |
Korea Climate and Environment Network Smart Way
Changing from paper bills to electronic bills: when you use electronic bills for your household and personal expenses instead of using paper bills, you get discounts and reduce 0.2kg of CO2 per year.
By reducing the use of one florescent light a day, you reduce 1.9kg of CO2 per year, aside from alleviating eye fatigue caused by florescent lights.
Washing your hands and using a handkerchief instead of tissue or hand dryer can reduce 1,039 tons of carbon dioxide per day (assuming 10 sheets are used daily per person). If you use a handkerchief, you can reduce 6kg of CO2 per year.
Using “Green Touch,” a computer energy-saving program during lunchtime, you can save energy and increase the computer’s life. 22.5kg of CO2 per year can be reduced.
Use your own tumbler instead of paper cups and make your own fashion statement. Using three cups a day on average, you can be stylish while reducing 8.3kg of CO2 per year.
Use your own stylish shopping bag, not black plastic bags, when shopping to reduce 13.6kg of CO2 per year.
Reduce use of imported food by 10% and consume local food. Enjoy food made from fresher materials and help farmers while reducing 14.2kg of CO2 per year.
Cook your own food and only as much as you can eat and reduce food waste by 20%. Prevent bad smells, headache in the summer season and reduce 15.2kg of CO2 per year.
If you conscientiously separate waste like glass bottles and cans, resources can be saved and preserved while reducing 22kg of CO2 per year.
Use water-saving devices, use basins when doing dishes, and reduce your shower time. Your water bill will be lower while reducing 24.2kg of CO2 per year!
Reduce the use of air-conditioner by one hour a day and increase your cooling temperature by 2℃. It will help in preventing sickness from overexposure to air-conditioning. Manage your air-conditioner filters; it will help in keeping the bronchial tubes healthy while reducing 17.3kg of CO2 per year.
Use long underwear in midwinter, use long-sleeved shirts, and prevent heat wastage. If you decrease heating temperature by 2℃, you can prevent dry skin while reducing 264.3kg of CO2 per year. Don’t forget to check and clean the insides of your boiler!
Unplug home appliances when not in use for a long time (TV, washing machine, electric range, and humidifier) to lower your electric bill and reduce 12.8kg of CO2 per year.
Be Smart! Choose high-efficiency home appliances (TV, washing machine, refrigerator, and electric rice cooker) and LED lights and reduce 46.8kg of CO2 per year!
Reduce TV watching time by one hour, increase interactions with your family. With newly cooked rice, keep both taste and nutrition. Collect and do the laundry one time, save detergent and water, and reduce 33.5kg of CO2 per year.
Walk to short distances and use public transportation instead of your car once a week. It will help improve physical strength while reducing 482.7kg of CO2 per year.
Practice relaxed, eco-friendly driving habits in your daily life. You will feel less stress and minimize traffic accidents by driving safely. 247.8kg reduction of CO2 per year can also be realized! | <urn:uuid:0742952f-0124-496e-bc65-f3cdd7278fbc> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.kcen.kr/en/reducingGHG/smart.jsp;jsessionid=D73B4DBAF9B26BE4696503BA082E84EF | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.901401 | 758 | 2.9375 | 3 |
Aug 28, 2023
Europe's secret dyeing formula
Wearing all-blue attire – blue jeans, blue vest, an indigo blue-and-white patterned shirt and a blue apron – Josef Koó opened the doors to his workshop, Original Blaudruck Koó, in Austria's
Wearing all-blue attire – blue jeans, blue vest, an indigo blue-and-white patterned shirt and a blue apron – Josef Koó opened the doors to his workshop, Original Blaudruck Koó, in Austria's easternmost Burgenland state, a sparsely populated region known for its vast sky and lake landscapes along the Hungarian border.
A third-generation craftsman, Koó and his wife, Miriam, run one of Austria's two remaining indigo blueprinting workshops. Once commonplace, this rare, centuries-old practice nearly disappeared, but is now experiencing a resurgence.
Called Blaudruck ("blueprint" or "blue-dyeing") in Austria and Germany (and Kékfestés, Modrotlač and Modrotisk in Hungary, Slovakia and the Czech Republic, respectively, where it is also practiced), the name refers to the process of printing a dye-resist paste called Papp onto a cloth before dyeing over it with indigo. "Indigo is the most common and most powerful natural dye, used all over the world for thousands of years," said Lisa Niedermayr, an Austrian textile artist who curated Unesco's Walking The Indigo Walk exhibit in Paris in 2019.
Josef and Miriam Koó run one of only two remaining indigo blueprinting workshops in Austria (Credit: Yulia Denisyuk)
People have been dyeing textiles with indigo for at least 6,000 years. In Germany and Austria, indigo dyeing developed into a distinct tradition that has shaped its language, dress and culture.
The European practice of dyeing textiles with blue goes back to the Bronze Age when woad, a locally grown plant, was used to dye clothes in present-day Austria. Traditionally, blue was a worker's colour. But as Austrian artist and researcher Moira Zoitl explains in her book, According To Blueprint, Blaudruck took off in the 17th Century, when the Dutch East India Company started importing indigo powder from India. Indigo dyeing was done in cold water, which kept the dye-resist paste intact. As a result, it produced a deeper, more durable colour than woad.
These beautifully patterned textiles soon spread throughout Central Europe and became part of traditional costumes. According to Alfred Atteneder, director of Färbermuseum, a museum dedicated to Blaudruck in the Austrian town of Gutau, because tracht (traditional clothing) was frequently worn in Austria and Germany, "you will find a particularly large number of blueprint costumes here".
As craftspeople travelled to learn this new Blaudruck block-printing technique and exchange designs and patterns, a community of practitioners formed. Much of the Blaudruck knowledge practiced today comes from the original family journals documenting these journeys. For Koó, this means working with fashion schools and young designers to revitalise the craft.
As the Blaudruck printing technique spread across Central Europe, it became part of traditional costumes (Credit: Yulia Denisyuk)
In the hilly Upper Austria region of Mühlviertel, the family-run Blaudruckerei Wagner workshop has been in business since 1878. Fourth generation Blaudruck craftsmen Maria and Karl Wagner explained that the intricate process of creating indigo-dyed textiles takes weeks from beginning to end. They first apply the pattern on the fabric with the help of the mint-hued, dye-resistant Papp paste, which is later dyed over with indigo. They then dye the cloth and the dye-resistant parts remain white, revealing locally inspired floral or geometric patterns – stripes were traditionally common in Burgenland, and regional cornflower and hops in Mühlviertel.
I watched as Maria's son, Sebastian, applied Papp to a linen cloth using a centuries-old hand-crafted wooden block called Modeln with fine brass pins hammered into the block in the shape of a desired pattern. Only a few people in Europe still know how to produce these blocks.
The exact recipe for Papp has always been a closely guarded secret, passed down orally from generation to generation. Each Blaudruck workshop relies on their own mix of ingredients, but the two everyone is comfortable disclosing are gum arabic and clay. Once the patterns have been transferred onto the fabric, it has to air dry for at least four weeks to let the paste set in and harden. Then, it's time to dye.
Stretching the linen onto a special frame called a Stern, Sebastian dipped it into a massive vat filled with cold water, indigo and lime. "It's a science, but it's also an art," he said, dunking the linen into the vat multiple times. "Every linen reacts to the oxidisation process, during which the colours take shape differently. There are instruments to measure how strong the dye is, but our parents can do it by smell or touch of their fingers." Finally, the dyed linen is washed in hot water to remove the dye-resist paste, revealing a striking dye-free pattern against the indigo blue.
Craftsmen first apply the pattern onto the fabric with the help of the mint-hued, dye-resistant paste (Credit: Yulia Denisyuk)
Because of their durability, clothes made with Blaudruck were extremely popular and the craft spread throughout Germany and Austria like wildfire (Mühlviertel alone counted 17 workshops in 1832, according to the Wagners). The patterns never rubbed off. They were also practical: aprons with prints on both sides (a technique called Doppeldrucke) were versatile, with one side used in the kitchen and the other in the field, reducing the need for laundry. This made Blaudruck an easy choice for traditional dirndl dresses.
"I grew up with Blaudruck dirndls," said Zoitl. "Blaudruck is an essential identity-establishing technique in this area."
Blaudruck was so widespread that it influenced several German-language idioms. The common phrase "Du wirst Dein blaues Wunder erleben" (you will experience your blue miracle) is one example. According to Atteneder, this phrase developed in reference to the process of oxidisation. When the initially white textiles come out of the indigo vat, they turn yellow, then green and eventually blue. This is the miracle of indigo: it needs oxygen to turn blue and bond with the fabric. To this day, when Germans and Austrians want you to know you will be surprised by something, they use this phrase.
"Blaumachen"(to make blue) and "blauer Montag" (blue Monday) are two other examples traced to Blaudruck that are commonly used when someone is intent on skipping work. Traditionally, Monday was reserved for dyeing. Because textiles had to be dipped into indigo vats multiple times and left to dry in between each dip, artisans had idle hours on Mondays and they sometimes relaxed at a pub. When villagers would ask why the artisans weren't working, the reply was: "I'm making blue today. It's a blue Monday."
Only a few people in Europe still know how to make the wooden Modeln blocks used to make Blaudruck (Credit: Yulia Denisyuk)
Atteneder mentioned another phrase in the vernacular: "Jemanden in die Mangel nehmen" (take someone through the mangle), which means to trouble or pressure someone to do something you want. It refers to one of the last steps in the Blaudruck process, when the dried cloth is passed through a 12-ton granite mangle to smooth out the final fabric.
Because of its intense manual-labour process, Blaudruck has eluded industrialisation. By the 1980s, it was nearing extinction due to mass-produced textile alternatives. But in recent decades, a small community of indigo-obsessed artisans across Central Europe have revived this once-common cloth.
In 2018, Blaudruck was added to Unesco's Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. Travellers will see it adorning walls, pillowcases and tablecloths in Mühlviertel inns like Zum Edi and Färberwirt. Hotel Guglwald on the Austrian border with Czech Republic has a whole suite dedicated to Blaudruck. Germany's Dillians store exclusively carries Blaudruck products, including wallets, purses and backpacks. The craft is also on display in exhibits in museums across Germany and Austria (Heimat Museum in Scheessel, Germany, even runs a virtual Blaudruck audio tour).
On the first Sunday in May, a sea of blue rushes into Gutau. Blaudruck practitioners, linen weavers, artisans and indigo aficionados from across Europe gather in the small Austrian town for the annual International Dyers' Market, featuring blueprint crafts, jewellery and traditional costumes. On the agenda are guided Färbermuseum tours, a live fashion show and an opportunity to connect with representatives from the roughly 25 European Blaudruck makers.
Blaudruck has inspired a number of common German expressions (Credit: Yulia Denisyuk)
Beyond the market, several experimental workshops allow visitors to try their hands at Blaudruck-making. Zeugfärberei in Gutau offers regular dyeing and printing workshops where guests can experiment with Blaudruck designs, screen printing and Shibori, a tie-dye technique from Japan. One of Europe's oldest workshops, Einbecker Blaudruck, which has been in business since 1638 in Lower Saxony, runs guided workshops where guests can see more than 800 different Modeln blocks from various eras, including a few with biblical motifs.
"Indigo is like a bridge between different cultures. It's beautiful and traditional, but it's also global," said Gexi Tostmann, whose company, Tostmann, is famous for its dirndls. "Blaudruck used to be a cheap cloth, for common people only. Now it's expensive. Real handmade Blaudruck dress costs more than a silk one."
But perhaps Koó puts it best. Hanging a freshly dyed cloth of the most intense deep blue shade to dry out in his workshop's yard, he said, "We are not a museum. This is a living craft."
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If you liked this story, sign up for the weekly bbc.com features newsletter called "The Essential List". A handpicked selection of stories from BBC Future, Culture, Worklife and Travel, delivered to your inbox every Friday. | <urn:uuid:409548b9-6da1-4414-906a-c56c05f7b614> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.lafurnitura.com/blog/europes-secret-dyeing-formula.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.944755 | 2,318 | 2.578125 | 3 |
What is feminism? Why are we still talking about it, and what can it tell us about ourselves, our societies and prejudices?
In this unique, illustrated introduction, we'll explore the early history of conscious struggle against sexist oppression, through the modern "waves" of feminism, up to present-day conversations about MeToo, intersectional feminism, and women's rights in the Middle East. We'll look at critical theory, popular action and the social and cultural forces that affect attitudes toward gender, women's lives and the struggle for equality. And we'll hear about the contributions of pioneers like Mary Wollstonecraft, Simone de Beauvoir and Kimberle Crenshaw. As we'll see, feminism is at once global, local and individual.
Written by Cathia Jenainati with illustrations from Judy Groves and Jem Milton, Feminism: A Graphic Guide engages with the heated debates taking place in our homes, workplaces and public spaces -- and the work still to be done. | <urn:uuid:da3f29e3-087b-4a56-9e14-1e82dad6d98d> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.linguaeonlineshop.com/es/libro/feminism-a-graphic-guide_11413 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.936135 | 200 | 3.171875 | 3 |
Shop-bought children’s food often contains more sugar than you might think. That’s why it’s important to check the label and look out for added sugars in the ingredient list. Sugar is sometimes hidden under a variety of names such as barley malt syrup, high fructose corn syrup, fruit juice concentrate, dextrose, fructose, sucrose, glucose, crystalline sucrose and nectars.
We believe that children should learn how food tastes naturally and develop their palate by tasting foods without unnecessary sweeteners, whether natural or artificial. Whilst babies have an inherent preference for sweet, their palates develop through experience, which is why introducing a wide range of flavours is important. Foods with ‘no added sugar’ are often made with sweeteners, so keep an eye on those too.
The Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition recommends that children aged 1-3 should have no more than 13g of added sugars a day. Naturally occurring sugars, those found in plain dairy foods, whole fruit and vegetables aren’t ‘added’ sugars so we don’t need to cut down on those.
Children’s food shouldn’t have salt added - a child up to 3 years old shouldn’t have more than 2g of salt a day (0.8g of sodium). When cooking for the family, be wary of ingredients like stock cubes and gravy as they are notoriously high in salt. Reading food labels is a great habit to get into, and remember that ‘salt’ and ‘sodium’ are not the same. 2g salt is the equivalent of 0.8g sodium.
All Little Dish meals are classed as “low in salt”, which means that they have to contain less than 0.30g of salt per 100g. Some of our ingredients, such as cheese or breadcrumbs, contain very small levels of salt, but we work hard to source the ingredients with the very lowest levels possible, and never add any extra salt when we make our meals.
Additives and preservatives
Food additives are ingredients added to foods for several reasons, for example to enhance flavour or to give them colour. An E number is a reference number given to food additives and these can apply to both ‘good and bad’ additives. We do not use additives in our products as we only make our meals with ingredients that you would have in your store cupboard at home.
Preservatives keep food safe for longer to stop moulds and bacteria growing on them. However, our meals do not need to have preservatives added to them because they are chilled, so your little one can experience the tastes and textures of food cooked with the ingredients you would use at home.
Common food additives
Colours are used to make food more attractive. They can be natural in origin such as curcumin (E100), a yellow extract of turmeric roots, or artificial such as tartrazine (E102). There are six colours that are linked to hyperactivity in children and should be avoided: E110 (sunset yellow), E102 (tartrazine), E122 (carmoisine), E124 (ponceau 4R), E129 (allura red), E104 (quinoline yellow).
Preservatives such as E211 (sodium benzoate) have also been linked with hyperactivity in some children and E220 (sulphur dioxide) can worsen asthma symptoms in some sufferers.
Sweeteners are used with or instead of sugar to make food taste sweet. Examples include aspartame (E951), saccharin (E954) and sorbitol (E420). Whilst these have been widely tested for safety when eaten in moderate amounts, many people prefer to limit or avoid them. | <urn:uuid:815b3ecc-dfb7-4634-bfce-574c5ebf3295> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.littledish.co.uk/advice-for-parents/foods-to-avoid | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.951316 | 785 | 3.515625 | 4 |
9 Dec 2020 4:05 AM GMT
A few days ago, the Learned Attorney General for India ('AG') Shri. K.K. Venugopal, made some important observations about the representation of women in the Supreme Court of India. Speaking on the occasion to recommend ways to gender sensitize the Judges, the AG remarked that more women judges in Constitutional Courts (i.e. Supreme Court and the High Courts) would...
A few days ago, the Learned Attorney General for India ('AG') Shri. K.K. Venugopal, made some important observations about the representation of women in the Supreme Court of India. Speaking on the occasion to recommend ways to gender sensitize the Judges, the AG remarked that more women judges in Constitutional Courts (i.e. Supreme Court and the High Courts) would improve gender sensitivity in the judiciary. He highlighted the under-representation of women in the Supreme Court i.e. 2/34 Judges.
The remarks of the AG are extremely important and need to be pondered upon. Article 15 of the Constitution guarantees to every citizen that she/he shall not be discriminated on the basis of 'sex'. While this may take care of formal discrimination, informal discrimination and bias that plagues the institutions goes unchecked. If we take the Supreme Court for example, despite the Court's 70-year long history, it has never had a female Chief Justice and the number of women justices on the bench has also been underwhelming.
In the present post, I shall elaborate on these two statements and back them with statistics, to show that there is a long way before the Court can truly call itself equal. I shall also narrate a little known story about how the Court missed having its first female chief justice, a decade ago.
Women Justices in the Court:
In a previous article, I have discussed in detail the 'numbers' regarding the appointments made to the Court. Continuing from there, out of the 245 Judges appointed to the Court, only eight have been women i.e. a mere 3.2%. In fact, during the first thirty-nine years of the Court's functioning there was no woman on the Bench. Between the years 1950-2000, only two women were appointed i.e. Justice M.F. Beevi and Justice Sujata Manohar. Fortunately, the numbers improved post the year 2000, as six female Justices have served the Bench. The High Courts of Calcutta (2) and Bombay (2) have produced the maximum number of female Justices wherein, the others have been appointed from Kerala, Patna and Madras respectively.
Even in terms of the appointments from the Bar, the share of women is inadequate. Only one of the seven Justices (i.e. 14%) appointed from the Bar is a woman i.e. Justice Indu Malhotra. Her appointment was made in 2018, fifty-four years after the first appointee in this category.
Women Justices in the Supreme Court
Year of Appointment
Justice M.F. Beevi
Justice Sujata Manohar
Justice Ruma Pal
Justice Gyan S. Mishra
Justice Ranjana P Desai
Justice R Bhanumathi
Justice Indu Malhotra
Justice Indira Banerjee
When the Court missed on having a female Chief Justice-
As mentioned above, till date, no woman has served as the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. This figure is deplorable and reaffirms the accusation of gender bias in matters of appointment. It is believed by many, that the Court could have had its first woman Chief in the form of Justice Ruma Pal.
In the year 2000, three Justices were to be appointed to the Court and the date of swearing in was fixed on 29 January 2000. Prospective appointees i.e. Justice Ruma Pal and Justice Sabharwal were on the same level of seniority and in such tricky situations, according to the settled convention the Justice whose name was higher alphabetically was to be sworn in first, which was Justice Ruma Pal. If the Convention would have been followed, Justice Pal would have served as the Chief after the retirement of Chief Justice Lahoti in the year 2005.
However, in a surprising turn of events the date of swearing in was preponed to 26 January 2000 to coincide with the Golden Jubilee of the Court and somehow this communication did not reach Justice Pal in time. Justice Pal could not reach in time for the swearing in and Justice Sabharwal was sworn in first and became a senior Justice (Justice Pal was sworn in few hours later). He went on to become 36th Chief Justice of India.
Some attribute ulterior motives to this last-minute change while the others term it as a pure co-incidence. Leaving conjecture aside, in my opinion the real victim of this missed opportunity was the Court itself because it lost out on having an excellent Chief Justice in the form of Hon'ble Justice Ruma Pal.
Whenever someone talks about appointing more women Justices on the Court, I am reminded of something which the late great Ruth Bader Ginsburg had said. On being asked, 'how many of the nine judges of the United States Supreme Court should be female? and at what point there would be enough women on the Bench?' RBG simply responded 'when there are nine'.
I think the same can be said of the Indian Supreme Court. While the Collegium and the government since the year 2014 need to be lauded for their efforts towards elevating more female Justices i.e. first female Justice from the Bar i.e. Justice Indu Malhotra and elevation of three female Justices within the shortest time of four years, there is still a long way to go. I believe, having a woman Chief Justice and more associate Justices, would be a good start.
Views are personal.
(The author is a Delhi-based advocate. The article was published on the author's personal blog "The Basic Structure". The author does not wish to offend any member of the legal fraternity with this post.) | <urn:uuid:b674f0e1-b102-4076-9a5c-ff6daa517992> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.livelaw.in/columns/gender-attorney-general-kk-venugopal-representation-of-women-supreme-court-constitutional-courts-judges-166980 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.965033 | 1,255 | 2.953125 | 3 |
Thousands of birders and photographers archive their media every year in the Macaulay Library. Some of these photos are now featured in a new field guide on Australian birds of prey. Mat Gilfedder and his coauthors searched the Macaulay Library for photos of Australian raptors in flight and reached out to each photographer for permission to use their photo in the book. Here’s Mat on his new book.
As a bird photographer and Chair of the eBird Australia committee, I am passionate about how we can use images to enhance the identification of birds and to improve the practice of bird watching.
The Macaulay Library offers a critical resource because it contains millions of bird images that can be accessed by birders around the world who wish to appreciate the wonders of these glorious creatures.
I recently worked on a book project with Dr Stephen Debus and Dr Rich Seaton that required many images of Australian birds of prey in flight. Tracking down flight shots of raptors at several angles and with consistent poses for all 26 of the regularly recorded birds of prey in Australia was a difficult task.
Thousands of images were donated to the project from almost 50 photographers, including many images sourced through the Macaulay Library (with permission from the photographer). We used a selection of these to prepare a carefully curated set of plates to show each of the 26 Australian bird of prey species from multiple angles, together with maps (derived from eBird data) showing their expected distribution.
The use of many images enabled us to highlight each bird’s subtle differences when in flight – the shape of their tail, the angle of their wings, the and how their feature vary between species. Our aim was to enable birders to use images and observations collected from a range of sources to improve their observation efforts and enhance their bird watching experience.
The book is a great tool for identification, and a great example of the collective power of citizen science in action. We hope it will help inspire eBirders to contribute even higher quality data for understanding and conserving our amazing birds of prey.
Published in USA by CSIRO Publishing (May 31 2019)
The Macaulay Library does not receive proceeds from the sale of this book. | <urn:uuid:d80460ac-3b70-4d59-9319-7640084d01e8> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.macaulaylibrary.org/2019/05/22/photos-in-the-archive-help-build-new-australian-birds-of-prey-book/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.956709 | 448 | 2.96875 | 3 |
The Mathers Museum of World Cultures presents a new exhibit for the year 2013, “In The Kitchen Around The World”, which will be on display in addition to the already-installed exhibits from 2012. This exhibit will run until November 15, 2013.
“In The Kitchen Around The World”: an exhibit that presents objects used in preparing food and food service from different areas of the world. It breaks down into two categories: what the viewer perceives as familiar, such as plates, cups, and dishes, and what is unfamiliar, such as a Peruvian corn toaster and an Ecuadorian grater. The goal of the exhibit is to look at what other cultures have come up with as solutions to help them in cooking or eating food, allowing the viewer to make comparisons to the solutions that are similar or dissimilar to their own.
Other exhibits include:
“Picturing Archaeology”: Described in their words and illustrated by their images, the research and fieldwork of 13 Indiana University archaeologists is presented in Picturing Archaeology at the Mathers Museum of World Cultures/Glenn Black Laboratory of Archaeology.
“Rhythms of the World”: a free audioguide tour of musical instruments from around the globe featured in exhibits throughout the museum. The audioguide includes narration and musical clips of the highlighted instruments.
“Thoughts, Things, and Theories…What Is Culture?”
Thoughts, Things, and Theories…What Is Culture? examines the nature of culture through the exploration of cultural traditions surrounding life stages and universal needs.
“From the Big Bang to the World Wide Web: The Origins of Everything”
This exhibit examines history on a large scale, through the exploration of cosmic, biological, and human origins.
“Treasures of the Mathers Museum”
Decades of collecting and curating will be featured in this exhibit, presented in conjunction with the institution’s 50th anniversary.
Museum is open Tuesdays through Fridays, from 9 am to 4:30 pm, and Saturdays and Sundays, from 1 to 4:30 pm. Check website to see all of the Mathers Museum’s exhibits. | <urn:uuid:bdb79f10-fc41-46f1-9181-075bf13ab409> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.magbloom.com/events/?event-date=Aug-09-2013 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.935712 | 466 | 2.546875 | 3 |
Cold and hot showers may have different benefits. A cold shower may help reduce pain, inflammation, and swelling, while a hot shower may boost cardiovascular health and improve sleep.
Most studies into the health benefits of cold and hot water have used water immersion therapy. During water immersion therapy, a person immerses their body, or a part of their body, in a vat of water for a specified amount of time.
This article outlines the results of such studies, including the potential health benefits and risks of cold and hot showers.
Although taking a cold shower may not be a pleasant experience, it can provide certain health benefits. One
- decrease inflammation and swelling
- decrease muscle spasms
- have pain-relieving effects
An older study, this time from
- increased metabolism
- increased heart rate and blood pressure
- increased levels of the neurochemicals dopamine and norepinephrine
- lower levels of cortisol, the “stress hormone”
Some beneficial effects of cold water immersion include:
Exposure to cold water causes the blood vessels on the surface of the skin to constrict. This diverts blood flow away from the surface of the skin. In fact, one small 2019 study found that taking a cold shower after exercise may improve general hydration by cooling down the body.
As blood travels away from the skin, blood vessels in deeper body tissues dilate. This improves circulation in the deeper tissues.
Lower cortisol levels
Cortisol is the “fight-or-flight” hormone that the body releases in response to stress.
Lowering cortisol levels in the blood may therefore help reduce stress levels.
According to a
SIA is a reduced pain response during or following exposure to a stressful stimulus, such as cold water immersion.
Reduced sports-related muscle soreness and fatigue
The researchers did not find any differences in subsequent physical performance between the two groups, nor did they find any differences in the amount of muscle damage or inflammation the participants experienced.
However, perceptions of muscle soreness and general fatigue were significantly lower in the group that received the cold water immersion. This psychological effect could prove beneficial during competitive sports.
Hot showers may also have beneficial effects for health. Some examples of the potential health benefits include:
Improved cardiovascular health
A 2012 study explored the effects of warm water immersion on arterial stiffness, which occurs when the arteries within the body become less flexible. Arterial stiffness plays a major role in the cardiovascular condition atherosclerosis, which can lead to high blood pressure.
The study found that participants who submerged their feet and lower legs in warm water for 30 minutes showed reduced arterial stiffness. Participants who did not receive warm water immersion did not show this effect.
Improved muscle and joint health
As mentioned above, hot showers can enhance blood flow, helping soothe stiff joints and tired muscles. Cold showers, meanwhile, can reduce inflammation and help numb pain.
The heat therapy group applied heat to the affected knee twice daily for 3 weeks, while the cold therapy group applied cold to the affected knee twice daily for 3 weeks.
At the end of the study, both groups showed a mild reduction in pain and a mild improvement in knee function. However, these effects were not significantly stronger than those the control group experienced.
Improved brain health
One 2018 study investigated the effects of hot water immersion on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). BDNF is a protein that has several important functions in the brain and spinal cord, including:
- promoting the survival of nerve cells
- promoting the growth, maturation, and maintenance of nerve cells
- promoting learning and memory
The study was small, involving just eight men. One group took a 20-minute bath in hot water with a temperature of 107.6°F (42°C). The other group took a 20-minute bath in warm water with a temperature of 95°F (35°C).
Participants who took the hot bath had significantly higher BDNF levels. The researchers concluded that hyperthermia induced by the hot bath increased the production of BDNF.
Organizations such as the
A hot shower may improve sleep quality due to the combination of how the body relaxes while bathing and the fall in body temperature afterward.
Doctors sometimes recommend heat or cold therapy for people with muscle or bone injuries. However, it is not yet clear whether or not a cold or hot shower has the same benefits as applying an ice or heating pad.
Some people with arthritis enjoy hot showers in the morning because it helps them feel mobile. However, cold showers are beneficial for injuries accompanied by inflammation.
For taking a hot shower to improve sleep, a 2019 study found that the best time to take a shower or bath was 1–2 hours before sleeping.
People with eczema and other rashes should avoid hot showers altogether, as these can further dry out the skin.
Long baths or showers that are too cold or too hot could excessively lower or raise a person’s body temperature.
If a person’s body temperature drops below
- a decreased breathing rate
- a drop in blood pressure
- heartbeat irregularities
- decreased consciousness
If the water is too hot, people are at risk of burns and heat stroke.
As long as a person avoids extreme temperatures, taking cold and hot showers can provide certain health benefits. Hydrotherapy is generally a
Further studies will be necessary to investigate and confirm the long-term effects of taking cold and hot showers.
Most of the research into the health effects of cold and hot water has involved immersion therapy. Studies seem to suggest that both cold and hot temperatures can have beneficial, but differing, effects on the body.
It is not clear if taking a shower produces the same effects as immersion therapy. If it does, a person should consider the type of effects they want to achieve before deciding whether to take a cold or hot shower.
As with water immersion therapies, taking a cold or hot shower is likely to be safe. However, people should avoid taking extremely cold or extremely hot showers, as doing so could be harmful to health. | <urn:uuid:e95a81d8-78e0-4c27-8bdb-4ce9986fb600> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/327461?utm_source=ReadNext | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.942825 | 1,253 | 3.34375 | 3 |
We now introduce a particular type of learning called classical conditioning. Specifically, we will discuss the concept of paired association
and its relationship to the development of anxiety disorders. However, classical conditioning is discussed in more detail in the section on Behavioral Learning Theories and Associated Therapies
. Classical conditioning can be applied to understand many learning experiences. For our purposes, we will limit our discussion to classical conditioning as it relates to how anxiety disorders may be learned.
Anxiety can be learned through a type of learning called classical conditioning. This occurs via a process called paired association. Paired association refers to the pairing of anxiety symptoms with a neutral stimulus. A neutral stimulus can be any situation, event, or object that is does not ordinarily elicit a fearful response. In the previous example, the grocery store would be a neutral stimulus. By pairing the anxiety symptoms of an uncued panic attack, with the neutral stimulus (the grocery story), anxiety now becomes associated with the neutral stimulus. Thus, a previously neutral stimulus (the grocery store) now evokes an anxious response. Because of this pairing, the "neutral" stimulus, which was previously considered non-threatening, subsequently becomes capable of automatically causing a fearful response. This is because the person has "learned" it was a cue to a threat. The person has learned to be anxious via classical conditioning. Once this learning has occurred, the previously neutral stimulus (the grocery store) becomes a conditioned stimulus that spontaneously evokes a fear response. The grocery store now prompts a cued panic attack due to the learning that took place. In other words, the grocery store now serves as a cue for danger.
In the example above, the grocery store became a conditioned stimulus that subsequently prompted a cued panic attack. However, cued panic attacks may also begin to form when people equate the physical symptoms of anxiety, with danger. It is important to remember the symptoms themselves are not actually dangerous. Recall that a person sees initial uncued panic attacks as "coming out of the blue" without any observable trigger. Because the person experienced a significant amount of distress and discomfort when the attack first occurred, the symptoms themselves now represent a threat. The symptoms become a cue capable of triggering anxiety whenever the symptoms begin. In other words, the individual has now "learned" to fear the symptoms themselves, as well as any situation that might trigger the symptoms. This creates a vicious cycle: Anxiety triggers a panic attack. The symptoms signal more danger. This is turn creates more anxiety and so on.
In order to illustrate these concepts, let's return to the previous example of the woman in the grocery store who has an uncued, panic attack. Recall, these initial panic attacks frequently occur in response to some life stressor. However, these stressors are often outside the her immediate awareness. Perhaps this woman is experiencing some overall financial stress, maybe she recently lost their job. The need to shop for groceries triggers this stress. While shopping for groceries she suddenly feel short of breath and dizzy. She senses their heart is racing. These sensations are alarming because they just seem to "come out of the blue" for no apparent reason. Because of the learning that occurs through classical conditioning, future experiences of a racing heart with dizziness, and a grocery store, may each elicit an anxious response.
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In addition to setting the stage for future, cued panic attacks, classical conditioning (via paired association) is often associated with the development of phobias. Phobias are highly anxious responses to specific objects or situations. For example, imagine a child is happily playing with her neighbor's dog. However, while playing, the child accidentally pulls on the dog's tail a little too hard. As a result, the dog begins to bark and growl at her. At this point, the reaction from the dog may startle the young child. She might experience some form of distress. If this type of experience with a dog were repeated several times, the child would come to associate dogs with her distress. As such, she may now wish to avoid all dogs, at all cost. Because she avoids all dogs, the child has no chance to experience dogs that do not bark or growl. Because she lacks any experience with kinder and gentler dogs, she has no information to refute her belief that all dogs are dangerous. Thus, her fear is maintained. As we will see in the next section, while paired association plays a role in the development of anxiety disorders, avoidance plays a key role in maintaining those disorders. | <urn:uuid:a39722aa-59b8-49f3-bd80-d9ce614710e2> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.mentalhelp.net/anxiety/paired-association-and-classical-conditioning/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.955859 | 940 | 3.5 | 4 |
Nowadays there are many couples who take on their first training in parental responsibility by acquiring a puppy or kitten a few years before they start a family. When the pregnancy becomes known, therefore, an important question often arises " how will our companion react when the baby arrives? "
Clear information to the future parents and their environment should make it possible to manage the change in the existing family structure more calmly, and thus prevent the abandonment of the dog or cat when the baby arrives. They should know that already at the beginning of pregnancy, the dog or cat will smell the hormonal and behavioural changes of the future mother.
Advice for pet owners who wish to start a family can be divided into 3 periods:
1. before the baby is born :
- Let the animal hear baby cries to accustom it to the presence of the baby.
- Clearly forbid him access to the baby's sleeping quarters.
- Teach it not to jump on you unless you give it permission. In this way, you avoid the animal jumping on you when you will have the baby in your arms.
- Look ahead and progressively decrease the attention time you give your dog or cat so that it does not have a brutal separation when the baby arrives. Act as if you are busy with other things (which will soon be the case!) The masters should make the decision when is the moment to play, alley walk or cuddle, etc.....
- If your pet is showing behavioural problems (character, aggressive, fearful, skittish) then it's time to see your vet who will refer you, if necessary, to an animal behaviourist who will help you find balance again. A better balanced animal is more likely to accept the arrival of a newcomer to the family.
- Get into the habit of giving your pet a worming treatment every three months, as accidental transmission of worms from dogs or cats to humans is possible and can cause significant injury.
2. return home with the baby :
- During the stay in the maternity unit, it is advisable to bring the dog or cat a piece of clothing with the baby's scent every day so that the animal can become familiar with the scent. When you return, do not under any circumstances insist that the animal approach the baby. Allow the animal time to get used to the baby according to its rhythm. Let it smell the newborn. The first smelling contacts are very important.
3. the baby grows up :
- Teach your pet the difference between his games and those of your child. They are very similar and your child's will certainly be lying around the living room from time to time.
- Make sure the baby always eats before the dog.
- Be more indifferent to your dog when the baby is not present. Prevent punishing your pet in the presence of the baby.
- Rather, integrate your baby in the pleasant moments with your animal (play, caresses, exits) and continue with the affectionate gestures with your dog or cat, especially when you hold your baby in your arms. In this way, your animal associates the baby with positive actions.
- A dog or cat should never be left alone with a small child.
- Never allow your child to hurt the animal. Teach him to respect the animal. Show him how the animal likes to be touched, what petting it likes best or, on the contrary, what the animal hates ! Be prepared to repeat the same things several times; your child will eventually understand.
Remember that specialists from the animal world and from psychology have often underlined the advantages of keeping an animal in the psychological and social development of the child.
Important: When the arrival of a baby is announced, the future mother generally explores a detection of antibodies against toxoplasmosis, a parasitic disease that can cause serious damage to the central nervous system of the fœtus. The disease can be transmitted through the fecal matter of infected cats. We therefore strongly advise pregnant women who are not immunised against it to avoid cleaning cat litter, or if it is unavoidable, to wear gloves while performing this task. We also recommend washing hands well after each contact. | <urn:uuid:85df68e5-0d42-4dcf-8c05-6020a3be89c3> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.monvt.eu/news-blog/topics/baby-and-dog/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.942101 | 841 | 2.75 | 3 |
MP Board Class 12th Biology Important Questions Chapter 7 Evolution
Evolution Important Questions
Evolution Objective Type Questions
Choose the correct answers:
Atmosphere of earth just before the origin of life consisted of:
(a) Water vapour, CH4, NH3and O2
(b) CO2, NH3and CH4
(c) CH4, NH3, H2 and water vapour
(d) CH4 O3, O2 and water vapour.
(a) Water vapour, CH4, NH3and O2
Primitive atmosphere is made up of mixture of these gases :
(C) Water vapour
(d) None of these.
(d) None of these.
What is the meaning of Abiogenesis :
(a) Life is originated from non – living things
(b) Life is originated from living things
(c) Origin of virus and microorganisms
(d) None of these.
(a) Life is originated from non – living things
Primitive atmosphere of earth did not posses :
Which of the following was formed in Miller’s experiment:
(b) Nucleic acid
(c) Amino acid
(d) UV – radiation.
(d) UV – radiation.
What is the unit of evolution :
Whith of the following has not life :
(a) Azoic era
(b) Mesozoic era
(c) Paleozoic era
(d) Cenozoic era.
(a) Azoic era
Which of the following are not an analogous organ :
(a) Wings of birds and butterfly
(b) Eye of octopus and mammals
(c) Thom of Baugainvilla and tendril of Cucurbita
(d) Tuberous roots of sweet potato and tuber of potato.
(d) Tuberous roots of sweet potato and tuber of potato.
The earliest era is :
Which of the following is analogous organ :
(a) Which has structural symmetry
(b) Which has functional and structural symmetry
(c) Similar in functional structure
(d) Mostly inactive.
(c) Similar in functional structure
Who gave the exact proof of evolution :
(b) Vestigeal organ
Which era is called of mammals and angiosperm’s era :
Whose dental structure is similar to human :
(a) Homo erectus erectus
(b) Homo erectus pekinensis
(c) Homo habillis
(d) Homo sapiens neanderthalensis.
(c) Homo habillis
Which of these cells are immortal:
(a) Germ cells
(b) Liver cells
(c) Kidney cells
(a) Germ cells
Fill in the blanks:
- Earth is a member of ……………….
- The great explosion that resulted into the formation of universe is ……………….
- ‘Philosophic Zoologique’ is written by ……………….
- ………………. is a link between reptiles and birds.
- ………………. is the ancient ancestor of modem horses.
- At present marsupiales (kangaroos) are found only in ……………….
- ………………. is the first photosynthetic organism that originate on the earth.
- ………………. is the process by which changes in the genetic composition of organism.
- ………………. constructed geological time scale.
- ………………. is the first prehistoric human.
- ………………. was among the first fossils to be recognized as belonging to Homo sapiens.
- ………………. is found since the 19th century in the Siwalik Hills of the Indian sub – continent.
- Discoveries related to the genetic code and its function in protein synthesis is given by ……………….
- ………………. was the father of the Paleontology.
- ………………. is the name of Darwin’s ship.
- Solar system
- Big bang
- Organic evolution
- Geovani Abduna
- Homo habilis
- Cro – magnon
- Dr. Hargovind khorana
- Leonardo da Vinci
Match the followings :
Write the answer in one word/sentences:
- The matter which is a link between acellular and cellular system.
- The island at which Darwin studies the organisms for his theory of evolution.
- When the earth is originate?
- Which is known as the link between living and non – living?
- Where are originate the first animal on the earth?
- Name the scientist who disapproved Lamarkism.
- The whole process of the development at changes from embryo to adult organism.
- Other name of natural selection.
- Who proposed the Mutaion Theory of Evolution?
- The organs which are different in their origin but have similar function.
- Who proposed the theory of inheritance of acquired characters?
- Who proposed the theory of natural selection ?
- The remains of ancient organisms.
- 4.6 million years ago
- In water
- Hugo de Vries
- Homologous organ
Evolution Very Short Answer Type Questions
Who proposed the theory of natural selection?
Who proposed the Recapitulation theory or Biogenetic law?
Astronomical distance measured in?
Astronomical distance measured in Light years.
Name the theory by which earth is said to originate.
The big – bang theory.
What is fossil?
Fossils are the remains or impressions of ancient organisms preserved in sedimentary rocks or other media.
What is mutation?
New species originate due to changes of hereditary characters are called mutation.
Name the scientist who tell the spontaneous theory is wrong.
Which era is called golden period of Dinosaurs?
Mesozoic period is billed golden period of Dinosaurs.
In which ship Darwin studied the nature?
Name any two vertibrates body organ which are homologus organs of human forelimb.
- Flipper of whale
- Wing of birds.
What is the scientific name of modern man?
Who is the early man of the modern human?
Cro – Magnon peoples are early human of modem human.
Who are the early human and sub – human.
Ramapithecus is early human and Australopithecus is early human.
Which human form first started to walk on two legs?
Australopithecus form first started to walk on two legs.
Which type of human was ‘Cro – Magnon’ on the basis of food intake?
Cro – Magnon was carnivorous.
On the basis of evolution which human had brain size of 1400cc?
Give the name of ape-like ancestors of humans.
Ape – like ancestors of human’s are Dryopithecus.
Differenciate between Dryopithecus and Ramapithecus.
Dryopithecus were apelike but Ramapithecus were mostly human like.
Evolution Short Answer Type Questions
Explain antibiotic resistance observed in bacteria in light of Darwinism selection theory.
Darwinism theory of natural selection states that environment selects organisms with favourable variations and these organisms thus, survive and reproduce. It is observed when bacterial populations are exposed to certain antibiotic, the sensitive bacteria could not tolerate and hence, died due to the adverse environment. Whereas some bacteria that devel¬oped mutation became resistant to the particular antibiotic and survived.
As a result such resistant bacteria survive and multiply quickly as compared to other sensitive bacteria. So, the whole population is regained by multiplication of resistant variety and antibiotic resistant gene becomes widespread in the bacterial population.
Find out from newspapers and popular science articles any new fossil dis – coveries or controversies about evolution.
Fossils of dinosaurs have revealed the evolution of reptiles in Jurassic period. As a result of this evolution of other animals such as birds and mammals has also been discovered. However, two unusual fossils recently unearthed in China have ignited a controversy over the evolution of birds confuciusomis is one such genus of primitive birds that were crow sized and lived during the Cretaceous period in China.
Attempt giving a clear definition of the term species.
A species generally includes similar organism. Members of this group can show interbreeding. Similar group of genes are found in the members of same species and this group has capacity to produce new species. Every species has some cause of isolation which intruped the interbreeding with nearest reactional species which is refer as reproduptively isolated.
What is virus? Why is it treated as a link between living and non – iiving ?
Viruses are simplest organism,of the earth, which consist of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) surrounded by protein cover. It shows characteristics of living as well as non – living organisms.
(A) Living characters of virus:
- Virus shows structural differentiations.
- They contain hereditary material.
- They exhibit mutation.
- They spread plant and animal diseases.
- Growth and development present.
- They exhibit adaptaion.
- They possess sensitivity.
(B) Non – living characters of virus:
- Lack protoplasm and cell organelles.
- Can be crystallized.
- No metabolic activities seen.
- Cannot reproduce outside living cells.
- They lack enzymes.
- Due to above reason, viruses are considered as link between living and non-living organisms, thus, it is the first life
- originated in the earth.
What is oxygen revolution? Explain.
Evolution of O2 in photosynthesis during primitive environmental conditions is very important because, it is required in the evolution of organism and conversion of reducing environment into oxidizing environment hence, it is called oxygen revolution. Oxygen evolution should cause the following changes in the environment:
- Oxygen evolution should cause the conversion of reducing envronment into oxidizing environment.
- Ozone layer is formed 15 miles above from the earth which absorbs the ultraviolet light of the sunlight and thus, prevents
- the entry of uv light in the atmosphere.
- O2 present in the environment dissociates methane (CH4) into CO2 and O2. This CO2 is used in photosynthesis.
- NH3 of the primitive environment is dissociated into H2O and nitrogen.
CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O
4NH3 + 3O2 → 2N2 + 6H2O.
Explain the origin of the earth.
Origin of the earth:
- Earth was formed 4 – 5 billion years back.
- Initially, the surface was covered with water vapour, methane, CO2 and NH3.
- The UV rays of the sun broke water into hydrogen and oxygen.
- Hydrogen escaped and oxygen combined with NH3 and CH4 to form water, CO2 and other gases, also forming the ozone layer.
- Cooling of water vapour led to rain which filled the depressions on earth’s surface, forming water bodies.
Mention the names of discoveries and principles given by the following scientists:
- Louis Pasteur
- A. I. Oparin
- Urey and Miller
- Francesco Redi
- Louis Pasteur – He proved that air contains spores of microorganism and Biogenesis theory was supported by him.
- A. I. Oparin – He presented the biochemical explanation of origin of life in his book “The Origin of Life on Earth”.
- Urey and Miller – They supported the evidence of Oparin – Haldane theory of Origin of life.
- Francesco Redi – He by conducting experiments proved that abiogenesis cannot exist but bioginesis theory can exist i.e., Life arises from pre – existing life.
- Faux – He has been experimentally supporting the organic substances as described by Oparin.
What are homologous organs?
What is homology?
Organs which are similar in structure and origin but different in appearance and functions are called homologous organs and the phenomenon is called homology.
Forelimbs of bat, wings of bat, hands of man, forelimbs of horse. These are the examples of homologous organs because, they are made up of similar bones, humerus, radius – ulna, carpals, metacarpals and fingers.
What do you mean by analogous?
Organs which are different in origin and structure but performing similar functions are known as analogous organs and the phenomenon is called as analogy. Analogous organs do not indicate phylogeny.
Wings of butterflies are made up of chitin, wings of birds made by produc¬tion of feathers on forelimbs and skin present between the fingers of bat are the examples of analogous orgAnswer:
What is the difference between homologous and analogous organs ? Give two examples of each of them.
Differences between Homologous and Analogous organs :
- Organs which are similar in structure and origin but different in function are known as homologous organs.
- These structures indicate that organisms bearing them are evolutionary related.
- These organs are differ in outlook.
- They exhibit similarity in internal structure.
Example: Forelimbs of frog, hand of human, wings of bat and forelimb of horse.
- Organs which are differing in structure and origin but similar in function are known as analogous organs.
- These structures indicate that organisms bearing them are evolutionary different.
- These organs are similar in outlook.
- They do not exhibit similarity in internal structure.
Example: Wings of butterflies, bats and birds.
What do you mean by vestigial organs?
Write the two names of vestigial organs of man.
What are vestigial organs? Explain. Write four vestigial organs of the human body.
Organs that are reduced and have become functionless in an organism but were functional in their ancestors are called as vestigial organs.
- Vermiform appendix.
- Coccygial vertebrae.
- Nictitating membrane in the eyes of human.
- Muscles of external ear (Pinna).
Write down the demerits of Darwinism.
Some of the demerits of Darwinism are:
- Darwinism stresses upon small fluctuating variations which has no role in evolution.
- Does not satisfactorily explain effect of use and disused and presence of vestigial organs.
- It did not differentiate somatic and germinal variations.
- It explains survival of the fittest but not arrival of the fittest.
Differentiate between lamarckism and darwinism.
Differences between Lamarckism and Darwinism:
- It is based on the theory of inheritance of acquired characters.
- According to this theory the length of neck of Giraffe increased only to facilitate it in eating leaves of higher trees.
- Increase in length of neck of Giraffe resulted in evolution of Giraffe with long necks.
- The theory is based on the use or misuse of the organs.
- It is based on the theory of natural selection.
- Ancestors of Giraffe were both with long and short necks.
- Giraffe with long neck only could survive in struggle for existence.
- This theory is based on the inheritance of the characters in next generation.
Explain Lamarckism in short.
Explain Lamarckism of organic evolution in brief.
In 1809, Lamarck has proposed a theory to explain organic evolution, which is known, as the “Theory of inheritance of acquired characters.” According to Lamarck, organisms acquire certain characters during their lifetime due to changes in environment and these acquired characters are heritable. According to this theory, new species are originated as follows:
- New requirements and wills are produced in the organisms due to the effect of changed environment.
- New requirements and wills of organisms resulting in the production of new habits.
- Changes in the habit bringing about modifications of the organ.
- New habits resulting in the use or disuse of the organs.
- Use of organ resulting in the development of acquired characters.
- These acquired characters are heritable.
- Inheritance of acquired characters resulting in the development of new species.
Write two incidences which influenced Darwin to set out theory of evolution.
Two incidences which influenced Darwin are:
1. During the voyage of Beagle Darwin noticed distribution of a kind of bird called as finches and other organisms by looking at his observation of Galapagos island. He found variation in the beaks of finches adapted according to the environment.
2. Pegion keepers kills weak varieties of pegion generation after generation to obtain better variety of pegion.
3. Above two incidences influenced Darwin to set out theory of evolution (Natural selection).
Evolution Long Answer Type Questions
Draw a well – labelled diagram of Miller and Urey’s experiment.
Experimental evidence of Chemical evolution or Miller’s experiment:
1. Experiment was performed by S.L. Miller and H.C. Urey in 1953.
2. Experimental set – up:
In a closed flask containing CH4, H2, NH3and water vapour at 800°C, electric discharge was created. The conditions were similar to those in primitive atmosphere.
After a week, they observed presence of amino acids and complex molecules like sugars, nitrogen bases, pigments and fats in the flask.
- It provides experimental evidence for the theory of chemical origin.
- It showed that the first non-cellular form of life was created about 3 billion years ago.
- It showed that non-cellular biomolecules exist in the form of DNA, RNA, polysaccharides and protein.
Write an essay on modern concepts of origin of life.
Explain the role of non – living in origin of life.
Modern concept of origin of life:
The modem concept of origin of life was postulated by a Russian biochemist A.I. Oparin in 1936. According to this theory, after the formation of earth various chemicals played important role in the formation of atmosphere. Life originated and first organism came into existence from certain molecules when atmospheric conditions became suitable. According to Oparin, life originated in the following steps:
1. Formation of earth and its atmosphere:
Earth is believed to be originated some 4,500 million years ago by the condensation and cooling of the clouds of cosmic dust and gases called ylem. The heavier elements collected at the core and lighter elements around the core. Outermost layer contains H, C, O and N. Oxygen was found only in combination of other elements. These four elements reacted with each other forming H2, H2O, CH4, NH3, CO2 and HCN.
2. Formation of small organic molecules:
The mixture of methane, ammonia, water and hydrogen comes in contact of solar energy. Cosmic rays and electric discharge could produce some simple organic compounds. These simple organic compounds formed in such a way and accumulated in primitive atmosphere and oceans were responsible for synthesis of complex micro-molecules as follows :
1. CH4, H2O → Sugars
→ Fatty acids
2. CH4, H2O, NH3 → Amino acids
3. CH4, HCN, H2O, NH3 → Nitrogenous bases (Purines and Pyrimidines)
3. Formation of polymers:
It is clearly understood from the above description that a large number of micro molecules such as hydrocarbons, amino acids, fatty acids, purine and pyrimidines and simple sugars accumulated in the oceans. When atmospheric water condensed on further cooling, the inorganic precursors collided, reacted and aggregated to form new molecules of increasing size and complexity. Thus, by polymerization macromolecules were formed. The chemical reactions for the formation of macro – molecules can be summarized as follows:
- Sugar + Sugar → Polysaccharides
- Fatty acid + Glycerine → Lipids
- Amino acid + Amino acid → Protein
- Nitrogenous base (Adenine) + Sugar + Phosphate → Adenosine phosphate
- Nitrogenous base + Sugar → Nucleoside
- Nucleoside + Phosphate → Nucleotide
- Nucleotide + Nucleotide → Nucleic acid.
4. Formation of molecular aggregates and primitive cells:
Over a vast of time, these molecules became associated with one temporary complex. Ultimately, it leads to the formation of a coacervate. A coacervate is a solution of high molecular weight of chemicals, i.e., proteins and carbohydrates, which become bounded by lipid membrane, which is selectively permeable.
The coacervate grows by absorbing molecules from their environment. The substances which got accumulated in the coacervates underwent reactions and resulted in the molecular reorganization of some proteins into enzymes. A coacervate having nucleoprotein surrounded by various nutritive organic substances and covered by surface membrane is considered to be the precell, which got later transformed into first living cell. The coacervate can reproduce by budding.
5. Evolution of complex biochemical reactions:
Primitive organism utilize chemical substances present in the environment as food hence, they are :
(a) Heterotrophic, chemosynthetic organisms appeared due to mutation and natural selection in heterotrophs.
(b) Blue – green algae evolved from chemosynthetic organisms by mutation and natural selection.
(c) The liberation of free oxygen into the atmosphere produced by the blue – green algae due to the process of photosynthesis. It finally changed the reducing atmosphere into an oxidizing one and therefore, all possibilities of further chemical evolution were finished.
Free living eukaryotes originated in the ocean from blue – green algae.
6. The origin of well – developed organisms:
From the simple eukaryotes which were like unicellular organisms of today various forms of life evolved during passage of time.
Write the process of formation of organic molecules in sea water on earth with the help of Miller and Urey’s experiment.
The work of A.I. Oparin (1938 – 1965), H.Urey and Stanley Miller (1959) provided evidences in the favour of biochemical origin of life. They had prepared the atmosphere like that of primitive earth and as described by Oparin, they made the synthesis of organic compounds by the following methods:
1. Four elements H, C, O (not free O2) and N react with each other to form H2O, CH4, NH3, CO2 and HCN on primitive earth.
2. From these four elements following organic molecules were formed in sea water of earth:
(ii) CH4, H2O, NH3 → Amino acids.
(iii) CH4, HCN, H2O, NH3 → Nitrogenous bases.
3. Macro – molecules of organic compounds were synthesized by these above prepared organic compounds.
- Sugar + Sugar → Polysaccharides (Carbohydrate).
- Fatty acids + Glycerol → Fats.
- Amino acid + Amino acid → Protein.
- Nitrogenous base + Sugar → Nucleoside.
- Nucleoside + Phosphoric acid → Nucleotide.
- Nucleotide + Nucleotide → Nucleic acid.
- Nitrogenous base (Adenine) + Sugar + Phosphate → Adenosine phosphate.
4. The above organic compounds and salts together constituted the first living being.
Name connecting link of reptiles and birds. Also write their characters.
Archaeopteryx is the connecting link of birds and reptiles. Archaeopteryx was a bird. It is regarded as the connecting link between reptiles and birds, which suggests the path of evolution of the latter from the former. It is found as fossils. They are found during Jurassic period 140 million years. Archaeopteryx exhibits both reptiles and birds like characters.
1. Reptiles like characters:
- Bones were similar to that of reptiles in which air sacs were absent.
- Tail bearing vertebra.
- It had teeth in jaws, scales were present on the body.
- Metacarpals were free.
- Pelvic girdle recombines with the pelvic girdle of reptiles.
2. Birds like characters:
- Presence of feathers on body.
- Forelimbs were modified in wings.
- Skull large and monocondylar.
- Jaws were modified into beak.
- Hallux was backwarded and pointed.
Give a detailed account of theory of natural selection.
Describe the Darwin’s opinion about the origin of new species of organisms.
Charles Darwin (1809 – 1882) explained the theory of evolution in his book “Origin of species by natural selection.” Darwin undertook a long voyage for five years in the capacity of a naturalist on a British warship ‘Beagle’. He travelled to islands of Galapagos and collected evidences to explain evolution.
To explain origin of species he gave theory of natural selection as a mechanism for evolution.
The main points of Darwinism are given below:
1. Over production of offsprings:
Every living being has an inherent tendency to produce more offspring than that can survive.
2. Struggle for existence:
Though the offsprings are produced in large number yet their production remain almost constant. This is because of struggle for existence. There is struggle for food, space, breeding, etc. Moreover death of individuals due to diseases and predators, population are kept under control.
3. Survival of the fittest:
Darwin believed that any individual is successful in struggle for existence if it survives long enough to produces offsprings. Individuals who are fit in a particular environment can only survive.
Due to constant struggle, the organisms change themselves in accordance with the new needs.
5. Natural selection:
In the struggle, for existence organisms having variations favourable to the environment would have more chance to survive and reproduce their own kind. Those which do not possess favourable variations would die or fail to reproduce.
6. Origin of species:
Any changes in environmental conditions cause natural selection to act upon the population and select the well adapted individuals. It results in changes of characters of the populations. By the inheritance of these changes in successive generations, new species are formed.
Organic Evolution is a continuous process, explain it. And giving any three evidences.
Evolution is a complex phenomenon accounting for the present day diversity among organisms. But it has clearly maintained the basic unity among them since it occurred over a period of millions of years, no one would have seen/recorded evolution and hence scientists have provided various evidences to prove evolution. Some of the evidences of organic evolution are described below:
I. Evidences from Embryology:
Important activities that occur various animals are:
- For the survival, all animals get energy and various substances from environment.
- In all organisms energy is produced from ATP.
- In all organisms, the duplication of DNA is similar.
- In all organisms, protein synthesis is same and it is produced from ribosomes.
- In all organisms respiration and steps of respiration is same.
- All organisms multiplicate and reproduce, due to which they have basic similarities.
- All organisms conduct hereditary characters on similar principles.
II. Evidence from Anatomy:
Anatomy of living organisms will be explained with different examples:
1. Homologous organs : Organs which are similar in structure and origin but different in function and appearance is known as homologous organs.
2. Analogous organs : Organs which are different in origin and structure but performing similar functions are known as analogous organs.
3. Vestigial organs : Organs that are reduced and have become functionless in an organism, but were functional in their ancestors are called vestigial organ.
III. Evidences from vestigial organs:
Organs of the body which are non – functional but they are functional in some other organisms are called vestigial organs: Morphological evidence of evolution is provided by the presence of vestigial organs of body which are often undesired, degenerated and non-functional. These might have been large and functional in some other animals or in ancestors of those which now possess it in rudimentary forms, example vermiform appendix in man, muscles of external ear (pinna) in man, nictitating membrane or plica, semilunaris in human eye, wisdom teeth (third pair of molars) tail bone (coccyx) in man, wings of ostrich, hindlimbs in snakes, etc.
What do you mean by organic evolution? How do fossils exhibit evidence to prove organic evolution?
Descent with modification in organism is known as organic evolution.
Evidences of organic evolution from fossils record:
Fossils are treated as significant evidence of organic evolution. Fossils are the remains or impressions of ancient organisms preserved in the layers of rock and soil. Fossils only do not prove the theory of organic evolution, yet it evidently prove that gradually complexity increased in body organization. The complexity in the body of organization can be noticed as we study the upper layers. Thus, it can be concluded from above observations :
- The crust of the earth and the organisms living on it underwent change in the course of time.
- The organisms with simple structural organization originated earlier than the complex ones.
- Some of the organisms lived on the earth for short time and became extinct. This was a result of drastic changes in the climate on the earth.
Hence, forth fossils produce bonafide record of such plants and animals which had shown their existence once upon a time and now are extinct or not present exactly in the same form, thus, producing strong evidence in favour of organic evolution.
Try to trace the various components of human evolution (Hint: Brain size and function, skeletal structure, dietary preference, etc.)
The various components of human evolution are as follows:
- Brain capacity.
- Food/Dietary preference and other important features.
Name, brain capacity, posture and food features:
1. Dryopithecus Africans:
Knuckle walker, walked similar to Gorillas and Chimpanzees (was more apelike), soft fruit and leaves; canines large, arm and legs are of equal size.
Semi – erect (more manlike) ate seeds and nuts, canines were small while molars were large.
3. Australopithecus africanus:
Brain capacity 450 cm3, full erect prosture, height 1.05m, herbivorous (ate fruits), hunted with stone weapons, lived as trees, canines and incisors were small.
4. Homo habilus:
Brain capacity 735 cm3, fully erect posture, height, 1.5m, carnivorous, canines were small. They were first tool makers.
5. Homo erectus:
Brain capacity 800 – 1100 cm3, fully erect posture, height 1.5 – 1.8m, omnivorous. They used stone and bone tools for hunting games.
6. Homo neanderthalensis :
Brain capacity 1300 – 1600 cm3, fully erect posture, height 1.5 – 1.6m, omnivorous cave dwellers, used hiles to protect their bodies and buried their dead.
7. Homo sapiens fossils:
Brain capacity 1650 cm3, fully erect posture with height 1.8m, omnivorous. They had strong jaw with teeth close together. They were cave dwellers, made painting and carvings in the caves. They developed a culture and were called first modern man.
8. Homo sapiens sapiens:
Brain capacity 1200 – 1600 cm3, fully erect posture, height 1.5 – 1.8m, omnivorous. They are the living modem men with high intelligence. They developed art, culture, language, speech, etc. They cultivated crops and domesticated animals.
Find out through internet and popular science articles whether animals other than man has self – consciousness.
There are many animals other than humans, which have self – consciousness. An example of an animal being self-conscious is dolphins. They are highly intelligent. They have a sense of self and, they also recognize others among themselves and others. They communicate with each other by whistles, tail – slapping, and other body movements. Not dolphins, there are certain other animals such as Crow, Parrot, Chimpanzee, Gorilla, Orangutan, etc., which exhibit self – consciousness.
List 10 modern day animals and using the internet resources link it to a corresponding ancient fossil. Name both.
Modern and Ancient corresponding animals:
Practise drawing various animals and plants.
Using various resources such as your school Library or the internet and discussions with your teacher, trace the evolutionary stages of any one animal, say horse.
The evolution of horse started with Eohippus during Eocene period. It involved the following evolutionary stages:
- Gradual increase in body size.
- Elongation of head and neck region.
- Increase in the length of limbs and feet.
- Gradual reduction of lateral digits.
- Enlargement of third functional toe.
- Strengthening of the back.
- Development of brain and sensory organs.
- Increase in the complexity of teeth for feeding on grass.
It had a short head and neck. It had four functional toes and a splint of 1 and 5 on each hind limb and a splint of 1 and 3 in each forelimb. The molars were short crowned that were adapted for grinding the plant diet.
It was slightly taller than Eohippus. It had three toes in each foot.
It had the size of approximately 100 cm. Although it still had three toes in each foot, but it could run on one toe. The side toe did not touch the ground. The molars were adapted for chewing the grass.
It resembled the modern horse and was around 108 cm tall. It had a single functional toe with splint of 2nd and 4th in each limb.
Pliohippus gave rise to Equus or the modern horse with one toe in each foot. They have incisors for cutting grass and molars for grinding food.
How far inter relationship among? The living organisms is helpful to understand the process of evolution?
Organisms which are externally different shows some similarities. This is known as interrelationship. It proves that they might have evolved from the same ancestor. Inter relationship among the living organisms can be understood by following example:
- All living organisms obtain energy and various materials from the environment.
- All living organisms multiply and reproduce.
- All living organisms show transmission of genetic information according to same principle.
- All living organisms synthesize protein in the ribosome and steps of protein synthesis are same in all living organisms.
- All organisms respire and steps of respiration in them are same.
- In all organism method of DNA replication are same.
- In all living organisms flow of information occurs by the help of nucleic acids present in the nucleus.
- In all living organisms energy is obtained from ATP. | <urn:uuid:53e41154-d31c-4dde-94bd-5cf9280725f7> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.mpboardsolutions.com/mp-board-class-12th-biology-important-questions-chapter-7-english-medium/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.925111 | 7,443 | 3.359375 | 3 |
Respond or React? Grow Your Inner Strength
Successful and effective leaders know how to get through the most difficult situations. They recognise the role that feelings play in every situation and that their actions and their plans will determine the effectivity of their team members in the organisation. This is called having high emotional quotient or being emotionally intelligent.
Having high emotional intelligence allows individuals to better understand and figure out difficult situations than those who do not. Part of that includes being able to discern the difference between responding and reacting.
Responding and reacting are two very different concepts that many people mistake to be the same thing. While they may be similar in semantics, there is a world of differences between them, especially during stressful situations. Understanding the difference between the two can make you become more effective as a member of an organization, and will help you grow your inner strength as an individual. Here’s a brief breakdown of the definitions to help us get started on building a stronger core:
When people react, it is usually instinctual and done rapidly. A reaction is driven by your unconscious mind, leading you to do or say something without thinking. It is usually done when your brain goes into survival or defense mode, and you speak and act based on what you are currently feeling in the moment, without taking any long term effects into consideration. Reactions often result in messy and complicated situations, therefore, not encouraged when dealing with difficulties in the workplace.
Choosing to react rather than respond to difficult situations, will not only affect you individually, but your team and organisation as a whole. It can create a very stressful environment and it will affect the way other team members would function in the group. It can build walls that will affect your team’s efficiency because team members would hesitate to communicate future issues for fear of outbursts. Any lack of communication about issues that arise could cause serious damage to the organization in the future.
A response on the other hand, is a more thoughtful way of dealing with situations on hand. It would take longer to give, but it almost always gets you a better result. When you respond, you process the situation with what both your conscious and unconscious minds tell you. You take all factors into consideration. You weigh the pros and cons of what you are about to say and do, and consider what the best would be for everybody involved in the situation.
Learning to respond instead of reacting in stressful situations and environments will help you grow and strengthen your emotional intelligence. A leader who responds instead of one who reacts also creates a comfortable environment for everyone in the team. This encourages people to speak up and communicate every bump along the road, may it be as small as a pebble or as big as a boulder. Letting your team members become comfortable will eventually help you and your team prevent damages by identifying issues earlier and helps maximise productivity in the organisation.
Let’s grow your inner strength together. Get in touch with Scarlett Vespa today. | <urn:uuid:5babe554-6101-401a-b7b1-edab67d8edad> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.mrsv.com.au/wellbeing/respond-or-react-grow-your-inner-strength/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.968387 | 605 | 2.796875 | 3 |
Fish Oil & the Evolution of the Modern Man
You’ve probably heard buzzing about fish oil and its health benefits over the years. After all, it has been recognized as a treatment for arthritis for nearly 200 years, and many of our grandmothers and great grandmothers urged us to take our “brain food”, i.e. cod liver oil, so that we’d grow to be strong and smart. But did you know that fish oil actually contributed to the development and evolution of modern humans?
Humankind’s evolutionary path split from our ape-like ancestors 5 million years ago. Some 150,000 years ago, the intelligence of our species skyrocketed as humans evolved, eventually leading to humankind today. Despite the fact that there is less than 2% variability between our genetics and those of our closest evolutionary cousins (the other primates), they do not share our level of advanced cognitive functioning. So what exactly was going on 150,000 years ago that prompted this change?
Lets go back to the The Pleistocene Epoch
At the time, earth's climate was much cooler, and our ancestors were isolated mostly into 2 groups: the Neanderthals inhabited Europe, while our direct ancestors remained in Africa. Neanderthals adapted to the colder climate by evolving physical traits that better conserved heat, such as increased muscle mass, whereas our ancestors in Africa simply began to die off. Our ancestors’ numbers dwindled down so significantly, in fact, that only a few thousand remained, pushing them to the brink of extinction. It’s at this time that a monumental turning point occurred, and modern humans begin to flourish. Genetic research has led scientists to theorize that the consumption of high quantities of fish might have been part of this turning point, and one of the underlying reasons behind the evolution of modern humans. In other words, our ancestors stumbled onto that “brain food” some of our great grandmothers rambled on about!
Research suggests that this “brain food” was first adopted in the East African Rift Valley when our ancestors came across mollusques buried in the river banks. The omega-3 fatty acids found in this food seems to have been one of the factors contributing to the development of the frontal cortex, which gave rise to the development of advanced intelligence. This is a significant achievement, considering the fact that, for the previous 3 million years, our ancestors had lived without any significant intellectual developments. 50,000 years later, our fledgeling species began to break away from South Africa to conquer the rest of the world. When the otherwise successfully adapted Neanderthals met up with this new species, they were overtaken, and eventually faded out some 40,000 years ago with the other 97 percent of unsuccessful species before them. | <urn:uuid:da463e6b-1981-4ddf-9411-7f6d86b07cc5> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.myaquaomega.ca/blogs/benefits/fish-oil-the-evolution-of-the-modern-man | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.96191 | 570 | 2.515625 | 3 |
A referral is a request from a doctor, school nurse or social worker, for CAMHS to see a child or young person and their family.
When might a child be referred?
If you have concerns about your child's mental health and emotional wellbeing, getting advice from a professional can help you to understand whether your child might need specialist support. Either your doctor, your child's school nurse, or their social worker if they have one, are all good places to start; they will ask you about the problems your child is having so that they can advise you on what sort of help is needed. If they think CAMHS are the best people to help, then they will ask for us to see you and your child.
It could also be that somebody else suggests that your child might need extra help, because they've noticed behaviours that cause them concern.
What happens after a child is referred?
When we receive a referral, we will contact you to let you know where your child's first appointment will be, when it is and who they will meet. The whole family are invited to the first appointment, so that we all have a chance to talk about what's happening and agree the best way forward. It’s important to us that when you see us at CAMHS you feel you are able to ask questions about anything that you are unsure of; this might be to better understand what we do as a service, who the different workers are, the treatments or therapies your child is receiving, or what’s going to happen next in your child’s care. We will always be happy to answer your questions; and if our answer isn’t clear to you, then we want you to ask us again.
It is important that you are aware that at the age of 16 your child has a legal right to access our services independently and confidentially. For under 16's there are also some rare situations where your child may access our services without your knowledge. Read more about confidentiality below.
- To find out more about confidentiality, click here.
- For information on how to request help from CAMHS, click here. | <urn:uuid:852c4144-42f0-42fe-b673-10524ad5d47d> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.mymind.org.uk/about-mymind/parents-and-carers/requesting-help-camhs | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.972151 | 436 | 2.5625 | 3 |
Lesson Plan: Hertzsprung–Russell Diagrams Physics
This lesson plan includes the objectives, prerequisites, and exclusions of the lesson teaching students how to interpret Hertzsprung–Russell diagrams and identify types of stars based on their position on the diagram.
Students will be able to
- interpret Hertzsprung–Russell diagrams shown either in terms of absolute magnitude and spectral class or in terms of luminosity (in units of solar luminosity) and surface temperature,
- identify the main sequence on a Hertzsprung–Russell diagram,
- identify where red giant stars appear on a Hertzsprung–Russell diagram,
- locate the likely position of a star on a Hertzsprung–Russell diagram given its absolute magnitude, luminosity, or type and its spectral class or surface temperature.
Students should already be familiar with
- absolute and apparent magnitudes of brightness,
- spectral class and subclass,
- using solar luminosity as a unit,
- the basic types of stars.
Students will not cover
- white dwarf stars,
- red dwarfs,
- brown dwarfs,
- exotic stars and stellar remnants. | <urn:uuid:bb116f28-7fba-4e2e-ad38-fd593a34907b> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.nagwa.com/en/plans/945105931602/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.77707 | 243 | 4.15625 | 4 |
Water – the precious Element
Both human beings and the earth's surface consist of up to 75% of one of our most vital elements - Water. However, not only the quantity, but, above all, the functions it fulfills in our body show the importance of water.
For example, water sustains all our cells as it is the one agent which dissolves all important nutrients from food and transports them through the cell membrane to the cell nucleus.
It regulates our temperature and our metabolism. Concomitantly it ensures, that similar to a waste water system, toxic substances are transported out of the body. From the brain (which incidentally consists of 85% water) down to the big toe (through whose blood vessels only pulse because of its liquid content), water sustains, cleans, and maintains the bodily functions. Adequate water supply increases the body's energy and circulation, optimizes brain functions and can thus improve the intellectual capacity. Even our largest organ, the skin (which comprises of 80% water), reacts to water supply. An adequate supply of water (2 to 3 liters a day) keeps it healthy, supple and even counteracts the aging process.
Water – the ideal thirst quencher
As a thirst quencher water is on everyone's lips. Up to the age of 60 we ingest approximately 55,000 liters of water on average. This corresponds to the contents of more than 430 bath tubs filled to the top.
In order to optimally supply the body, doctors recommend a daily liquid intake of at least 1.5 liters. Since it is completely free of calories and without sugar, sweeteners, dyes or flavourings, water inherently appears to be the best choice for this. In order for the water which we ingest to be able to optimally fulfill its tasks, it should however be naturally pure and without undesirable constituent substances.
It is therefore good if our mineral water, but above all our tap water —which in the meantime is being drunk by many people instead of bottled water and in any case always used to prepare, e.g., coffee or tea — fulfills these requirements.
In order to ensure this, our tap water is treated in sewage treatment plants and waterworks and subjected to regular controls. However, since some substances cannot be detected with the procedures used there, certain undesirable substances, such as hormones and medicinal residues or residuals from industry or agriculture, get into our drinking water. Additionally, on the way from the waterworks to our homes, additional substances, which should not be there, seep into the water. Thus, copper or lead from old pipes for example seep into our water and when we drink it, also into our bodies.
Water – a straightforward choice?
Despite elaborate filter systems, a diverse spectrum of undesirable substances, e.g. chemicals from sewage treatment plants or medicinal residues from households and hospitals enter our water lines unnoticed with the water. These substances not only do away with the water's naturalness, but can also impair our health.
For example, it is possible for heavy metals, which frequently dissolve in pipe systems and pollute the water, to be deposited in the human body. Also pesticides, which originate in industrial agriculture, enter our mains systems via the ground water.
In addition, hormone residues are repeatedly found in drinking water samples. Above all, estradiol, the synthetic hormone used in oral contraceptives, enters our drinking water cycle via waste or ground water at some point. The potential effects of this continual hormone uptake have not yet been completely investigated.
In order to eliminate viruses and bacteria, e.g., chlorine and UV light are used in sewage treatment plants. Despite this procedure, some of the pathogens survive and can be found in random samples — just as chlorine residues do.
Unfortunately, our water is also sporadically polluted with nitrates and nitrites, which are used as fertilizers in industrial agriculture, and even with asbestos. These chemicals are patently considered to be hazardous to health.
Finally, the grave fact that many bottled mineral waters also exhibit similar pollution is a serious problem. Additionally, there is an artificially elevated concentration of minerals in many cases. In this context, they are present in inorganic form, and it is much more difficult for the body to absorb them than is the case with organically-bound minerals such as those that naturally occur in vegetables, grain, fruit or meat.
Most of these inorganic minerals which have been added to the mineral waters are thus excreted from our body without having been beneficial.
|Bacteria||Hospitals and water lines|
|Insecticides||Insect poisons, industrial agriculture|
|Pesticides||Pest control, industrial agriculture|
|Herbicides||Weedkillers, industrial agriculture|
|Hormone residues||Residues of hormone preparations, both from human medicine (oral contraceptives, hormone replacement preparations for the treatment of menopause), and from animal husbandry (growth hormones, fertility hormones)|
|Medication residues||Households (up to 3,000 metric tons of pain killer residues annually), hospitals|
|Heavy metals||E.g. lead and copper from old pipe systems|
|Phthalates||Plasticizer from plastics|
|Asbestos fibres||From water mains|
|Surfactants||From colourants and detergents|
|Fluorosurfactants||Textile and paper industries| | <urn:uuid:c0d5c89f-5e6c-40c4-a18c-4015d367d1a7> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.natura-quell.de/en/healthy-water/drinking-water | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.924364 | 1,122 | 3.203125 | 3 |
Soils may reduce the impact of drought, or enhance damageWageningen Environmental Research
The researchers show to which degree plants in Europe are affected by extreme drought and heat. They do this by determining the green index of plants with the use of satellite images. “The greenness of a plant can be seen as a degree of its productivity”, explains Dr Titia Mulder, working at the Soil Geography and Landscape Group at WUR and first author of the recent scientific article. “Whenever greenness reduces in times of extreme heat and drought, this means that the plant is less productive and also gets damaged by the drought." The researchers analysed 26 years of monthly assembled data from remote sensing of the green cover by plants in the whole of Europe, between 1982 and 2008. These data have subsequently been linked to the monthly meteorological data.
More resistance against climate change through symbiosis
Soils with unfavourable growing conditions may enhance the effects that extreme heat and drought have on the greenness of plants and may slow down their recovery. For example, the plant can be unable to reach groundwater because of root depth limitations, or because the topsoil in itself is too shallow. Plants on a ‘favourable soil’ are more resilient because of the presence of clay particles, organic material and a good water retention capacity. Especially the presence of symbiotic relations between plants and soil life, for example mycorrhiza, is very important for plants to be resilient when it comes to a changing climate. Such a symbiotic network allows specialised plant groups to still obtain their life necessities.
Greenness from plant cover reduces by 31 percent
All over Europe, the greenness of plants decreases by 31 percent because of extreme heat and drought. The difference in green is at its peak after one month and remains apparent for around four months. The decline in productivity strongly depends on climate, vegetation and soil type of the area. Plants in Southern Europe are generally less hampered by extreme heat and drought than vegetation in Northern Europe. The Mediterranean shows the least impact on greenness, because the plants there have adapted to a dry and warm climate. As a consequence, these areas are less green, making them overall less productive and a smaller CO2 sink than areas in more northern parts that have a colder and more wet climate. Especially these areas, foremost in the taiga and boreal forests, appear to be very sensitive to extreme drought and heat.
Climate resilient future
In the future, we are expected to have more extreme events of heat and drought. This can make productive ecosystems like in Northern and Eastern Europe unstable, and less capable to absorb CO2. It is important that climate policies for the future will be directed towards maintaining and creating a healthy ecosystem and soil functioning, especially in vulnerable ecosystems. | <urn:uuid:d831aa57-13cf-4ca8-8e00-cc8861e1b87b> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.naturetoday.com/intl/en/nature-reports/message/?msg=25298 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.945748 | 570 | 4.21875 | 4 |
Naturopathic Treatment of Vaginitis
Vaginitis means that there is inflammation in the vagina. Vaginal irritation accounts for an estimated 10 million healthcare office visits in the United States each year. The causes of vaginal irritation include infections from organisms like Candida albicans, Mycoplasma hominis, Gardnerella vaginalis, and Trichomonas vaginalis but also can be from exposure to a number of irritants including tampons, soaps, detergents, perfumes, condoms, and even semen.
What are the Symptoms of Vaginitis?
The symptoms of vaginitis include:
- Vaginal or perineal vulvar irritation
- Abnormal vaginal discharge
- Vaginal itching
- Some cases are asymptomatic, meaning there are no symptoms, but there may still be an infection
Natural Treatment of Vaginitis
We address the root cause of vaginitis, through natural approaches such as:
- Reducing excess estrogen, this is your liver’s job. We can enhance clearing of estrogen using specific nutrients that increase estrogen breakdown through the liver
- Providing nutrients to heal and strengthen vaginal tissue. Vitamin A is very important for mucous membranes such as the vaginal lining and important for the immune system.
- Eliminate infectious organisms like Candida, Gardnerella and Mycoplasma. Gardnerella is the microorganism responsible for Bacterial Vaginosis. You can read more on that on my BV page.
- Aiding liver detoxification of hormones (not the kits from the health food store!) and hormone-mimicking pollutants
- Restore probiotic or acidophilus bacteria that protect vaginal tissue from infectious organisms. Certain strains of beneficial bacteria are particularly helpful to maintain vaginal health, these include Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus gasseri.
- Boost immune system function to prevent future infection and fight existing bacteria/yeast. A diet high in refined carbs will feed unwanted organisms and suppress your immune system. Cleaning up your diet, reducing stress, sleeping well, and getting regular exercise all help boost your immunity to infection.
Benefits of Naturopathic Treatment of Vaginitis
- Naturopathic treatment addresses the underlying cause of bacterial vaginosis (BV) or vaginitis in order to cure the condition on a longer-term basis
- Better overall health and hormone balance
- A stronger immune system
For help with this or any other health problem, book an appointment here or call the office for more information at 416-481-0222.
Dr. Pamela has practiced as a naturopathic doctor in Toronto since 1999. She has received numerous “Best Naturopath in Toronto” awards. She is registered with the College of Naturopaths of Ontario.
Dr. Pamela Frank uses a natural treatment approach that may include acupuncture, herbal medicine, nutrition, diet, vitamins, supplements, and other natural remedies to restore balance and provide long-term resolution to almost any health problem. | <urn:uuid:d230e1ba-440d-42b0-9e99-d84c1d497864> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.naturopathtoronto.ca/vaginitis/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.874925 | 627 | 2.671875 | 3 |
EPA Proposes First Standards to Make Drinking Water Safer from PFAS Chemicals
March 17, 2023
On Tuesday, March 14, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced the first national drinking water standards for six PFAS chemicals. The proposed rules, referred to as Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) National Primary Drinking Water Regulation (NPDWR), are a key action included in the EPA’s PFAS Strategic Roadmap. The Roadmap was released in 2021 and lays out an approach to addressing PFAS across the Agency.
What Would the Proposed Standards Do?
The proposal would regulate PFOA and PFOS as individual contaminants, and will regulate four other PFAS chemicals PFNA, PFHxS, PFBS, and GenX as a mixture.
- PFOA and PFOS
- EPA is proposing to regulate PFOA and PFOS at 4 parts per trillion.
- PFNA, PFHxS, PFBS, and GenX Chemicals
- EPA is proposing a regulation to limit any mixture containing one or more of PFNA, PFHxS, PFBS, and/or GenX chemicals.
- For these PFAS, water systems would use an established approach called a hazard index calculation to determine if the combined levels of these PFAS pose a potential risk.
If finalized, the proposed regulation will require public water systems to monitor for these chemicals. It will also require systems to notify the public and reduce PFAS contamination if levels exceed the proposed regulatory standards. It is estimated that if the proposal is fully implemented, the rule will prevent thousands of deaths and reduce tens of thousands of serious illnesses attributable to PFAS.
Providing Input on the Proposed Standards
The EPA requests input on the proposal from all stakeholders, including the public, water system managers, and public health professionals. Comments are being accepted until May 30 and may be submitted through the Federal Register. For more information on this proposal, please visit EPA’s PFAS webpage. | <urn:uuid:8c6dc5ea-7256-47cc-8d39-fc6574fc7fb2> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.ncelenviro.org/articles/epa-proposes-first-standards-to-make-drinking-water-safer-from-pfas-chemicals/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.943984 | 418 | 3.109375 | 3 |
Businesses use contracts to help protect the company. These contracts can cover a variety of topics. One important point that most businesses can include in a contract, even if it’s a standalone contract, is a confidentiality agreement.
Most businesses have information that they don’t want to be shared. The individuals who have knowledge of those points or access to the information may be asked to sign a non-disclosure agreement or a confidentiality agreement.
What does a non-disclosure agreement do for a business?
While the non-disclosure agreement doesn’t mean that the person who signs it won’t speak about the matters at hand, it does provide a legal basis to take corrective action if the person does reveal the protected information. The agreement should have the penalties for breaching it clearly stated. If something happens and the person doesn’t follow the terms of the agreement, your company can then take action to enforce those penalties.
The terms of the agreement must also be concise. Courts may not be able to uphold a non-disclosure agreement if it’s too broad. (There are other instances in which it might not be enforceable, such as when the information would have become public anyway even if the person hadn’t have spoken out.)
Businesses must not let their confidential information get into the wrong hands. It isn’t enough to only have the non-disclosure agreements signed. You must also be prepared to call them into effect if someone doesn’t abide by them. Working closely with an individual who’s familiar with contract law can help you to determine the validity of your contracts, as well as how to uphold them if someone breaches them. | <urn:uuid:eb48d4d0-e789-4759-80ae-e24d7a59e0f6> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.nearhoodlaw.com/blog/2022/03/how-do-non-disclosure-agreements-protect-your-company/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.955055 | 350 | 2.640625 | 3 |
The Healing Power of Acupuncture in Mental Health
In recent years, there has been an increasing understanding of how physical and mental health are interconnected. As people look for holistic and natural solutions, acupuncture has emerged as a viable therapy to support emotional balance, lessen stress, and improve general well-being.
What is acupuncture?
The idea behind acupuncture is that certain body parts can be treated by applying pressure or tiny needles to certain locations. This therapeutic approach has its roots in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), with underpinning philosophies drawn from Confucianism and Taoism. Acupuncture has attracted attention for its potential advantages in fostering mental wellness as part of this holistic approach.
How does acupuncture affect the nervous system?
By stimulating sensory nerves in the muscles and skin, acupuncture causes the brain to receive impulses. The body's natural painkillers and mood elevators, endorphins, are released as a result of this stimulation, starting a cascade of reactions. Endorphins help people unwind, cope with stress, and lessen the signs of anxiety and depression.
Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers in the brain that regulate mood, emotions, and other physiological processes. Acupuncture has been shown to influence the levels and activity of neurotransmitters such as serotonin, dopamine, and GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid).
- Serotonin. Acupuncture can enhance serotonin production and regulate its reuptake, promoting an overall sense of well-being and reducing symptoms of depression.
- Dopamine. Acupuncture has been found to regulate dopamine levels, which can positively impact motivation, pleasure, and emotional regulation.
- GABA. Acupuncture has been shown to increase GABA levels, which have an inhibitory effect on the central nervous system, leading to reduced anxiety and improved relaxation.
According to TCM principles, a balanced flow of blood and Qi (essential energy) throughout the body is necessary for good health and wellbeing. With improved circulation and Qi flow, acupuncture can aid with inflammation and stagnation and maintain healthy organ function. Acupuncture enhances the flow of hormones, nutrients, and oxygen to the brain by enhancing circulation, which improves general mental wellness.
What are the benefits of acupuncture?
The fundamental idea behind acupuncture is to balance the body's life force, or Qi, by activating particular acupoints along meridians. The flow of energy is balanced, and this has a significant impact on one's mental and emotional health. These are a few:
- Stress Reduction. Acupuncture stimulates the release of endorphins, the body's natural pain relievers and mood enhancers. This can help alleviate stress, promote relaxation, and reduce the impact of daily pressures on our mental health.
- Anxiety and Depression Management. Research suggests that acupuncture may influence the production and regulation of neurotransmitters such as serotonin, dopamine, and GABA, which play vital roles in mood regulation. By modulating these neurotransmitters, acupuncture can help manage anxiety and depression symptoms, fostering a greater sense of well-being.
- Emotional Release and Healing. Acupuncture can facilitate the release of pent-up emotions and promote emotional healing. By stimulating acupoints associated with emotional balance, individuals may experience a sense of catharsis, improved emotional resilience, and a greater capacity to cope with life's challenges.
It's crucial to remember that the specific impacts of acupuncture on the body and hormones can vary based on individual circumstances and the acupuncturist's chosen course of treatment. Acupuncture is also frequently used in conjunction with other traditional therapies for mental health disorders, like therapy or medicine.
While acupuncture can be a valuable addition to one's wellness journey, it is essential to consult with a qualified and licensed acupuncturist to ensure safe and effective treatment. By integrating acupuncture into our lives, we can tap into the ancient wisdom of this practice and experience the profound benefits it offers for our mental and physical well-being. | <urn:uuid:f5fa623f-f20a-435c-a680-d33136c9d121> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.pacificsolstice.com/acupuncture-for-mental-health | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.919157 | 803 | 3.140625 | 3 |
Coping with Failure
COPING WITH FAILURE
HOW YOUR KIDS CAN BE WINNERS...EVEN WHEN THEY'RE LOSING
by Father Augustine Wetta, O.S.B.
A Presentation to the Parent Network of Catholic High Schools, November 7, 2012
In one of the greatest scenes of Western literature, the enraged warrior, Achilles, unbeaten and unbeatable, stands outside his tent on the beach of Troy, while three ambassadors beg him to rejoin the battle. Achilles, unmoved by their appeals and their tears, answers, “I hate that man like the very Gates of Death who says one thing but hides another in his heart. So I will say it straight. Will Agamemnon win me over? Not for all the world…Not now that he has torn my honor from my hands.” It is a shockingly powerful passage—shocking and heart-wrenching—but also somewhat confusing. After all, we moderns have to ask ourselves, how could anyone steal another man’s honor? Well, scholars have written volumes on the topic, but the long and short of it is this: The Greeks of the Bronze Age measured their honor in stuff and in reputation: time´ and kleos were the words they used—sometimes you hear it translated “honor and glory”. Time´ was measured in stuff. The more stuff you had, the more honor. And if someone took your stuff, they literally took your honor. If someone stole a Greek hero’s cow, they stole one cow’s worth of honor. Similarly kleos (or glory) was determined by popular opinion. So if someone insulted a Greek warrior in public, he literally damaged that man’s glory. So when Agamemnon, the general of the Greeks, steals Achilles’ slave-girl, he literally steals one slave worth of honor, and Achilles never gets over it. Because honor is a zero-sum game in the Greek world. The more of it you get, the less I have. Now the reason I tell you this story is because I think Achilles has begun to make a comeback. I think, as a culture, we’ve begun once more to measure our honor in material, external things. And our kids have begun to feel the stress of it. Of course, my purpose here tonight, is not to whine about how lousy the world has become for our kids, but rather to propose solutions—to offer antidotes. And I offer them in the form of four stories—five people; five saints, four stories. And as I move from one story to the next, I want you to keep Homer’s invincible hero, Achilles in the back of your mind.
SAINT #1: JOHN THE BAPTIST
He ate bugs [I could stop there, actually, and I think I would have made a pretty good point, but I’ll continue], wore uncomfortable unattractive home-made clothes, died young, and was, by his own admission, unworthy to unfasten the sandals of the man who came after him. When his own followers decided to abandon him to follow Jesus, he actually encouraged them to do so, saying: “Well, I must decrease so he can increase.” What a sad thing to say. Can you imagine any politician, movie star, superhero, CEO, or even any of our favorite televangelists saying something like that today: “I must fail so someone else can succeed.” Like most of the prophets, John was murdered by the very people he was trying to help. Furthermore, he was preparing them for a man they would eventually reject, humiliate, and execute. And yet…Jesus himself said of this failure that he was “the greatest man born of woman.” He’s one of the few saints in the Roman calendar who has two feast days devoted exclusively to him (One is his birth, the other is, ironically, his beheading).
STORY #2: SAINTS SIMON AND JUDE Here are two men who owned nothing and about whom we know very little. Saint Jude was confused with Judas so often that he eventually became the patron of lost causes. What’s more, the gospel writers themselves couldn’t seem to keep his name straight: John calls him “Judas – but not the Iscariot!” Luke calls him “Jude the brother of James,” and Matthew calls him “Thaddeus.” Nothing is said about him in any of the gospels except that he asked one question, and not a very good one. He says, “Lord, what’s this?” (Jn 14:22). And that’s it. There’s a New Testament letter that bears his name, but most scholars agree that someone else probably wrote it for him. We know even less about Simon. Mostly, he goes by “not Simon Peter”. Luke calls him “Simon the Zealot,” Matthew and Mark call him “Simon the Canaanite.”
And that’s pretty much it for Simon and Jude. They even have to share a feast day. And yet…they were chosen by Jesus himself to lead his church.
STORY #3: SAINT EDWARD, THE CONFESSOR
Here we come upon a refreshing change of pace. Edward was a king. By the standards of the time, he was obscenely rich and singularly influential. However… He was one of the worst politicians in the history of Britain. King Edward, son of Etherlred the Unready (an unauspicious beginning if ever there was one), was a weak, impotent, timid, and famously ugly man. In worldly terms, a complete disappointment. During the course of his reign, Edward lost all his money without accumulating any political power. In fact, he allowed himself to be used as puppet by—of all people—his in-laws. Then when they were done with him, a pack of foreign con men took over. Furthermore despite his marriage to an intelligent and beautiful woman, he never managed to produced an heir, which is the one thing even an incompetent monarch can usually pull off. Some claim that this was his choice because he secretly wanted to be a monk. Others claim that his wife just could not force herself to sleep with him. Indeed, King Edward the Confessor left to history a reputation for weakness, indecision, and financial incompetence.
And yet…he remains England’s most popular saint. He built one of the world’s greatest abbeys at Westminster, and over a million people come every year to visit his tomb.
STORY #4: ROSE PHILIPINE DUSCHENEI’ll just read you a paragraph from her biography by Marian T. Horvat: “The first order she entered closed; she did not feel realized in the second institution until she came to America to convert the Indians. Then, instead of carrying out this long-desired mission, she was ordered to teach girls and found convents. The work was more difficult because she never learned to speak English. She founded one convent that failed, then another that foundered. The girls there were ungrateful and worldly, and the Sisters chaffed under her governance and wanted to relax the Rule. When she finally was permitted to go to work in an Indian mission, she was already seventy two years old, too old to work or learn the native language. But after only one year, she was denied even that great consolation - she was ordered to leave the Indian mission and return to Florissant….” where she died, having converted exactly one Indian, who apostacised three months later. And yet…she was utterly faithful to her call as a missionary, and a century after her death, the Pottawatomie Indians still remembered her as “That Woman Who Prayed.”
Saints like these would have baffled Achilles. Simon and Jude died without time´ or kleos. Edward squandered his political influence. John the Baptist had his head cut off. Rose Philipine Duschene died penniless and disappointed. No honor or glory here—not by Ancient Greek standards. In fact, these folks come up pretty short by our modern standards as well. You kind of have to wonder at the Church’s logic when it holds them up as role models.
And yet, that is the logic of the Cross—a logic which redefines success and turns human wisdom on its head. In the light of the cross, failure becomes promise, weakness becomes strength, the meek and humble inherit the earth.
This is why Nietzche ridiculed Christianity as a religion of the weak. We come from a long line of failures. Sometimes, we actually seem to take pride in that. Mother Teresa was asked once if she could possibly hope to succeed in India when the poverty was so overwhelming. Her answer was simply: “God does not expect us to be successful. He expects us to be faithful.”
This quotation has come to mean a lot to me in my work—especially in my work in our high school because, in addition to my teaching and praying, I also coach a rugby team which has not had a winning season in over ten years. Indeed, we only broke even once (we were four and four), and that year, my players tore down the goal posts because it marked the end of a twenty-year losing streak.
Now, some might argue that a losing streak of that magnitude may have had something to do with my coaching, but I prefer to look at it in biblical terms. You see, god has a special affection for losers. Look at all the losers, for example, in the long, baffling history of our salvation, starting with the Israelites themselves (whose finest king seemed to have a thing for other men’s wives) and continuing right through the age of the apostles (whose first unanimous decision was to run away when their leader got arrested), to our own age, and people like Saint Philipine Duchesne . So when it comes to losing, I sometimes convince myself that it is a sign of God’s special affection for my team; for every failure reminds us that Our beauty, our value, our integrity, lie not in our accomplishments, but simply in our existence as sons of God.
That said, I want to make one thing clear: failure is bad. Like all forms of suffering, it is a consequence of Original Sin, and it is natural—even wise—to avoid failure whenever possible.
But just as there is a tendency to romanticize suffering as though it were a thing to be sought out—or worse yet, enjoyed; so there can be a tendency to romanticize failure, as though it were just an alternative form of success. Like suffering, however, failure can be transfigured, enriched, elevated in the light of the cross, which was, in its unique way, the fusion of humanity’s greatest failure with its greatest victory.
So…just as it was Christ’s vocation to die on the cross, so our sons and daughters may be called by God to fail from time to time. In fact, I think it’s fair to say that they will all inevitably be called to fail on some level. But the Good News (with a capital G and a capital N) is that, if we can teach them to unite that failure with Christ’s own suffering, it transforms into a tremendous good—not just an opportunity to grow, but a participation in the redemptive sufferings of Christ.
Secondly, I’d like to distinguish between failing and being a failure. A parallel can be drawn, I think, between sinning and being a sinner. When we say, “Lord, be merciful to me a sinner,” we do not mean by that to define ourselves by our sins. We are sinners, but our identity is in Christ. Martin Luther used the analogy of a dunghill covered by snow to illustrate his theology of humanity’s utter depravity. We’re all basically manure, he said, but Jesus hides this fact from God beneath the snow of his grace. That is wrong. It’s wrong because it does not acknowledging the fundamental goodness of God’s creation. Our identity, in other words, is in our goodness—NOT in our sinfulness. We may fail in our endeavors, but we are not failures at heart. Not while we remain united to Jesus and his Church. Which is why we can rejoice even when the hour looks darkest.
My best friend in grad school was a self-professed “bitter ex-Catholic,” and he used to say, “The problem with you Catholics is that when you’re happy, you’re happy; but when you’re miserable, then you’re really happy.”
Well, that’s true. There’s something really beautiful about the way Christianity can transform suffering into joy. Which is why we look to saints like Edward and Philipine for inspiration; and why it is such a disappointment to hear people recite platitudes like, “You can do anything, so long as you put your mind to it.” That’s just not true. No one is omnipotent but God.
And just once — just once, I’d like to hear a valedictorian say to his class, ‘You are all going to fail. You will all, inevitably, have your hearts broken, experience loneliness, miss a major opportunity, lose a game, lose a job, lose some money, be abandoned and ridiculed, be humiliated and scorned. You are destined for failure. And that is very, very sad. But it’s also ok because your God had his heart broken and was ridiculed by his friends. Your God was humiliated and scorned and abandoned. And that means that your dignity is not bound up with your success. You are a child of God. You have been divinized. And in the end, when you lie on your deathbed as we all inevitably do, without trophies or diplomas or accolades or even your bodily health to comfort you, ALL that will matter is your existence as a child of God, and it will be enough. That will be more than enough. That will be everything. | <urn:uuid:1eee0236-b1f7-4f26-9d6a-6336cb05caf7> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.parentnetworkstl.org/issues-for-teens/coping-with-failure | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.979685 | 3,022 | 3.390625 | 3 |
It is known that women?s risk of heart disease increases at the onset of menopause, and researchers now believe that the best defense may be to make lifestyle changes not during menopause but earlier, in the perimenopause period.
Researchers studied 1349 women participants between ages 42 and 52. "The idea was to look at where women are now, in terms of risk factors, and then try to predict where they will be when they reach age 55," Carol Derby, PhD, assistant professor of neurology and epidemiology and social medicine at Albert Ein-stein College of Medicine in New York City, said. At this age, women may need cholesterol-lowering therapy or lifestyle modifications to reduce their risk of heart disease based on the number of risk factors they have. Other factors include smoking, high blood pressure, and poor cholesterol levels.
Researchers evaluated these risk factors and concluded that almost 20% of these women would become eligible for some form of cholesterol-lowering therapy after 55. | <urn:uuid:9b662de4-62b2-4be6-9f3f-65275744764b> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.pharmacytimes.com/view/2003-05-7218 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.964537 | 204 | 2.65625 | 3 |
Brain InjuryMedical Conditions
When the brain is hurt, it is called a brain injury. Any trauma that leads to an injury of the scalp, skull, or brain is called a head injury. In a closed head injury, the brain is hurt when it smashes into the inside of the skull when the moving head suddenly stops. In a penetrating head injury, a fast-moving object breaks through the skull and enters the brain. | <urn:uuid:3e6e3c9e-b92e-4e97-a2a3-95c8a8ff617f> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.phoenixchildrens.org/conditions/brain-injury | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.959737 | 86 | 3.296875 | 3 |
Where: Rome, Italy
June 22, 2009 : The global financial meltdown is responsible for pushing the figure for the world’s hungry people to a record one billion. This means hunger now affects one in six people. These depressing figures, which show a rise of 100 million over 2008, were released by the United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO). A human being who consumes fewer than 1,800 calories a day is certified hungry.
War, drought, political instability, high food prices and poverty were cited as the causes that spread hunger over so many millions. The financial meltdown has contributed to a “devastating combination for the world’s most vulnerable,” according to the FAO. “No part of the world is immune,” FAO’s Director-General Jacques Diouf said. “All world regions have been affected by the rise of food insecurity.” The FAO officials stressed the link between hunger and instability, pointing out that soaring prices for staple foods like rice triggered riots in the developing world last year. An official of the World Food Program, another UN food agency also based in Rome, said hungry people rioted in at least 30 countries last year. He added, “Without food, people have only three options: They riot, they emigrate or they die. None of these are acceptable options.”
Asia and the Pacific, the world’s most populous region, has the largest number of hungry people – 642 million. The figure has risen by 10.5 percent from last year. Sub-Saharan Africa has 265 million undernourished, and even in the developed world, undernourishment is rising. It appears highly unlikely that the goal set by the wealthiest nations to cut hunger in the world in half by 2015 will be met. The issue will be discussed by world leaders at the Group of Eight summit gathering in Italy in July, 2009.
You may also be interested in these:
New Government Takes Over in Israel
Sea Levels Rising At Alarming Rates
Global Concern Over Possibility of Nuclear Bomb in Iran
Four Nation Hockey Tournament in Chandigarh
Gaza Under Fire: Israel Refuses to Relent | <urn:uuid:235020f8-93dd-4b6d-bc77-2454fc2139a2> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.pitara.com/news-for-kids/world-news/world-hunger-figure-reaches-one-billion/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.956095 | 452 | 3.09375 | 3 |
PLASTIC POLLUTION NEWS
The content that appears on this page is from sources external to PPS. We found these articles to be highly informative and thought to share.
All are cited and are linked to their original sources.
The Future's Not in Plastics
A September 2020 report from Carbon Tracker & SYSTEMIQ finds that "plastics impose a massive untaxed externality upon society of at least $1,000 per tonne ($350bn a year) from carbon dioxide, health costs, collection costs, and ocean pollution. And yet 36% of plastic is used once and thrown away, 40% of plastics ends up in the environment, and less than 10% of plastic is really recycled. Polls indicate that 70-80% of people want radical action to change this."
Breaking the Plastic Wave
A July 2020 analysis by The Pew Charitable Trusts and SYSTEMIQ finds that without immediate and sustained action, the annual flow of plastic into the ocean could nearly triple by 2040. The study identifies solutions that could cut this by more than 80% using technologies that are available today, if key decision-makers are willing to make systemwide changes.
HBR Review: Plastic & the C-Suite
Harvard Business Review: Why Plastic Waste Is a C-Suite Issue - The single-use packaging that we throw away each year represents $100 billion of economic value. That’s a figure worth paying attention to: Recouping those losses and developing solutions to preventing plastic waste more broadly could amount to a trillion-dollar opportunity. | <urn:uuid:bfc1dec3-6a2e-46bf-a232-1127679bb1a0> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.planetpurposesolutions.com/plastic-pollution-news | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.931253 | 322 | 2.90625 | 3 |
Photostory Genoa Bridge
It all begins with a whole of activities on the ground that intersect with those of the demolishers as they tear down what is left of the old Ponte Morandi. Everything is done in parallel, the workers in their different roles intersect and organize complex activities within the same spaces. Hundreds of men working in a limited amount of space, cut in two by the Polcevera River that crosses the valley and flows into the sea.
The most representative moment of these parallel procedures took place between late June and early July 2019. On June 25, at 3:51 p.m., when the siren of the building site was sounded, the first concrete was poured for the foundations of the new bridge. A few days later, on June 28, piers 10 and 11 of the old Morandi Bridge were demolished with a spectacular explosion that was broadcast around the world. From the very start, the rhythm of the work was intense. The bridge was developed from below the ground, in between the positioning of the pier foundations and the scaffolding of the plinths.
Tasks that were often invisible from the outside, but that laid the foundations for the vertical climb. | <urn:uuid:6e1befee-cef9-4bfe-ad75-e0b4093a46a7> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.pontegenovasangiorgio.webuildgroup.com:443/en/discovery/photonews/photostory-ponte-genova-lavorazioni-terra/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.984724 | 243 | 2.8125 | 3 |
A little over 100 years ago, the Spanish Flu began to spread across the world in February 1918 and continued well on into the summer of 1919. The pandemic had a profound and widespread impact, sickening millions and, in Vermont, resulted in many businesses, churches, schools, and other community gathering places to temporarily shut down.
The Poultney Historical Society’s collection of the local newspaper, The Poultney Journal, helps to shed light on some of the parallels of Poultney in 1918 and Poultney today.
Click the images below to view The Poultney Journal articles from October – November 1918:
October 18 1918 – Uncle Sam’s Advice on Flu | <urn:uuid:96e84ae4-cc43-4bf1-b7ef-3c34da64f5b0> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.poultneyhistoricalsociety.org/the-spanish-flu-of-1918 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.938972 | 141 | 2.578125 | 3 |
The vagina is a flexible tube that joins the uterus to the vulva. Vaginas vary among individuals in color, size, and shape.
Getting to know what the inside of a vagina looks like and what is normal for each individual can help people feel more familiar with their body. It can also help with identifying abnormal changes.
Here, we look at the anatomy of the vagina and how to do a self-exam. We also discuss symptoms that can indicate a health issue with the vagina and explain when to see a doctor.
The diagram below shows the inside of the vagina, and how it connects to the uterus.
The vagina is an elastic tube that connects the uterus and cervix to the vulva. The vagina is about 3 inches long.
The shape of a vagina can vary from person to person. Some vaginas are oval like an egg, while others can be more cylindrical.
The opening of the vagina is between the urethra, through which urine leaves the body, and the anus.
The vaginal opening is where blood leaves the body during menstruation, a penis enters during sexual intercourse, and a baby leaves the body during birth.
The hymen is a thin layer of tissue that surrounds and partially covers the vaginal opening. Sexual intercourse or exercise can stretch or tear it.
The cervix connects the uterus to the vagina. A small hole in the cervix allows menstrual blood and sperm to pass through. During childbirth, the cervix dilates.
The vagina expands through arousal and sexual stimulation. During sexual arousal, the uterus and cervix lift upward, elongating the vagina. People refer to this process as tenting.
The Bartholin’s glands are on either side of the vaginal opening. People cannot usually see or feel these glands. During arousal, the glands release fluid that lubricates the vagina.
The Gräfenberg spot, or G spot, sits a few inches inside the vagina at the front. During arousal, the G spot swells.
The area visible externally, the vulva, is what many people refer to as the vagina. However, the only part of the vagina visible outside of the body is the vaginal opening. The vulva includes the labia minora and majora, or the “lips,” which protect the vaginal opening.
A person can carry out a self-exam of their vagina to check for any unusual changes that may indicate a health issue. Self-exams are helpful alongside regular gynecologist pelvic examinations and cervical screening.
People can carry out a self-exam of their vagina when they are not menstruating. For a self-exam, they will need:
- a handheld mirror
- a small light or torch
- pillows, for comfort
People can carry out a self-exam by following these steps:
- Wash the hands with soap and water.
- Remove clothing from below the waist.
- Lean against a wall or pillows to support the body.
- Bend the knees, keeping both feet flat on the floor and the legs wide apart.
- Hold the mirror and light in front of the vagina.
- Use one hand to spread the opening of the vagina.
- Place a finger inside the vagina and gently feel the walls of the vagina, which will feel similar to the roof of the mouth.
- Feel for any lumps, bumps, or raised areas that could be sores or unusual growths.
- To feel for the cervix, it may help to move to a squatting position.
- Gently insert the finger deeper into the vagina to feel the cervix, which may feel similar to the tip of the nose.
Vaginal discharge can change slightly in consistency and color during the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and menopause. Healthy discharge is usually clear to white or pale yellow, and it can have a mild odor.
If a person notices any significant change in their vaginal discharge, this could indicate an underlying issue. The individual can see their doctor for a checkup and report any other symptoms.
Signs of a problem
A range of conditions can affect the vagina and how it looks and feels inside. Signs and symptoms of conditions affecting the vagina may include unusual discharge, pain, or visible changes.
Here are some health conditions that may affect the inside of the vagina:
Vaginitis is an inflammation or irritation of the vulva or vagina. There are many causes, including sexual activity, reduced estrogen levels, or douching. Symptoms of vaginitis include:
- a red, itchy, or sore vulva or vagina
- an itching or burning sensation in the vagina or vulva
- pain during sex
- frequent or stinging urination
- abnormal discharge
Vaginismus is a sudden tightening of the muscles surrounding the vagina that occurs when a person tries to insert something into it. Vaginismus is an automatic response of the body over which the person has no control.
- trouble inserting a tampon into the vagina
- difficulty with vaginal penetration
- a burning sensation or stinging pain during sex
Sexually transmitted infections
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) can cause symptoms in and around the vagina. Many of these STIs may appear without noticeable symptoms, or they may seem similar to other conditions, such as vaginal infections.
Due to the overlap in symptoms between different STIs, it is not usually possible to diagnose one based on the symptoms alone. Therefore, anyone who experiences symptoms in this part of the body should visit a healthcare professional to undergo diagnostic tests.
Some STIs that affect vaginal health include:
Symptoms of genital warts include:
- a small collection of flesh-colored bumps around the genitals or inside the vagina, which may have a cauliflower-like texture
- bumps around the mouth and lips
- an itching and burning sensation or discomfort
If people have trichomoniasis, they may experience:
- foamy, yellow-green discharge
- foul smelling discharge
- spots of blood in the discharge
- discomfort when urinating
- itching, redness, or burning around the genitals
Gonorrhea shares symptoms with vaginal infections. Although some people with this STI will not experience any symptoms, those who do may notice:
- a burning sensation or pain when urinating
- an increase in vaginal discharge
- bleeding between periods
- painful bowel movements
- itching or soreness around the genitals
Chlamydia does not always produce symptoms, but when it does, these may include:
- abnormal discharge
- burning sensation when urinating
- pain in the rectum
- bleeding between periods
Vaginal infectionsAn overgrowth of yeast and bacteria in the vagina can cause infections, including:
- bacterial vaginosis
- vaginal candidiasis
Symptoms of a vaginal infection include:
- gray, green, or yellow discharge
- a burning or stinging sensation when urinating
- pain or bleeding during sex
- swelling, pain, or redness of the vagina
- itching sensation of the vagina
- unusual or foul smelling vaginal odor
- odorless discharge that resembles cottage cheese
Vaginal cancer can cause symptoms if it spreads deeper into the walls of the vagina or the surrounding areas. Symptoms include:
- vaginal bleeding after sex
- abnormal discharge
- feeling a lump in the vagina
- painful sex
- pain when urinating
- pain in the pelvis, lower abdomen, or back
- swelling in the legs
In some cases, a person may have vulvar cancer, which can also cause painful sexual intercourse, bleeding, and pain, among other symptoms. However, both of these cancers are rare.
Vaginal prolapse happens when the uterus, bladder, or bowel descends into the vagina. Vaginal prolapse can occur as a result of pregnancy, childbirth, or an existing medical condition.
Higher stages of prolapse can cause symptoms, which include:
- a lump inside or protruding from the vagina
- a heavy or dragging sensation in the vagina
- aching pain in the pelvis or back
- a frequent need to urinate or difficulty urinating
- recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs)
The vagina is an elastic tube that connects the uterus and cervix to the vulva. The shape, size, and color of the vagina can vary among individuals.
Anyone who notices any unusual symptoms, such as growths, in or around their vagina should see their doctor or gynecologist for a checkup. Signs of a health issue may include:
- discharge with an unusual color, such as green, gray, or dark yellow discharge
- discharge with a foul smelling odor
- foamy discharge
- lumps or bumps inside the vagina
- pain when urinating or during sex
People can also carry out a self-exam of their vagina to check for any unusual changes or growths. However, self-exams should not replace regular pelvic examinations with a healthcare professional.
Article republished from Medical News Today: | <urn:uuid:ec2ddf80-79f8-47cc-a68d-024d89165990> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.pourmoi.com/inside-the-vagina-untangling-the-maze/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.917226 | 1,873 | 3 | 3 |
In celebration of Earth Day on 22 April, local manufacturer Pratley highlights how one of its high-performance adhesive products is assisting Oceans Without Borders to preserve the coral reefs around Mnemba Island near Zanzibar. Here the uniquely South African adhesive Pratley Putty is being used to secure and restructure endangered coral reefs off the coast of Zanzibar.
Coral reefs are dubbed the rainforests of the sea as they play a critical role in preventing marine ecosystems from disappearing. They are home to 25% of our marine life. Established in mid-2021, the Coral Nursery Project spearheaded by Oceans Without Borders has become a beacon of hope. “In keeping with Earth Day’s philosophy, Pratley is excited and honoured to be part of this project to protect, manage, and restore nature,” states Pratley Marketing Director Eldon Kruger.
Oceans Without Borders is using marine rangers to maintain and nurture the coral gardens. Here the local reef is a living laboratory for reef restoration. Broken pieces of parent coral are collected from all over the reefs. The fragments are transformed into new coral pieces, whereby each fragment is secured to a special disc with Pratley Putty and added to the underwater coral nursery table.
Algae is scrubbed off every disc along with its coral fragment to ensure healthy growth. It takes about three months for these coral fragments to grow into new colonies, at which point they are ready to be transplanted back into the reef.
Pratley Putty is a slightly water-soluble, hand-mouldable, high-performance putty-like adhesive. It is ideal for use underwater, but can also fill, seal, build up and bond almost any rigid material. “Pratley Putty has proven to be stronger and longer-lasting in seawater than any other glue we tested, thereby giving the transplanted coral the best chance of survival,” adds Dr. Tessa Hempson, Principal Scientist with the restoration project.
Such is the strength of Pratley Putty that it has even been used to refloat partially sunken ships and repair boats at sea. It is widely used in the aquarium keeping hobby for securing rock and coral fragments.
“This is not the first time Pratley Putty has been used in conservation projects,” continues Kruger. A green sea turtle had its damaged shell repaired with Pratley Putty, while researchers have used Pratley Putty to stick radio transmitters to the scales of pangolins while studying them in the wild. Since its launch in the early 1960s, Pratley Putty has become a household name, with a myriad of uses.
Pratley Putty was even used by the American space agency onboard its Ranger moon-landing craft. This led to Pratley Putty acquiring its global fame as the only South African manufactured product to go to the moon. Pratley Putty’s strength and reliability reinforce the company’s mantra of producing products that will outperform all others on the world market.
With fragile oceans under increasing pressure from a range of threats, and the livelihoods of millions at stake, Africa Foundation, in collaboration with &BEYOND, embarked on the Oceans Without Borders initiative to preserve some of Africa’s most important and threatened marine ecosystems. Learn more about this project and others by visiting https://www.oceanswb.org.
Chris Barfoot and Mark Ziembicki. | <urn:uuid:95f0220c-885a-4d3b-96ab-e588fb429218> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.pratley.com/News/Text/Pratley%20Putty%20used%20to%20secure%20coral%20reefs%20off%20the%20coast%20of%20Zanzibar.htm?version=707 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.930829 | 730 | 2.9375 | 3 |
8 Ways to Dominate Those Dominant Chords
Don't be scared of diminished scales.
• Understand the mechanics of the half-whole diminished scale.
• Use basic triads to break from the fear of symmetrical sounds.
• Learn how to use bebop phrasing with wide intervallic leaps.
It's nearly impossible to improvise over a tune without hitting a dominant chord. They are ubiquitous in rock, pop, jazz, country, and nearly every other type of Western music. I'm sure you've heard the phrase about how all music is based around tension and release? Well, I want to teach out how to make the tension cooler and the release more musically satisfying.
Instead of walking through basic 7th chord arpeggios, which have their place, I want to investigate the half-whole diminished scale and the four major triads that are inside it. We can all get our head around triads, right? Let's start with a quick review of the half-whole diminished scale.
The half-whole diminished scale is a symmetrical scale created by alternating half- and whole-steps, which creates an eight-note scale. In C this would be C–Db–Eb–F#–G–A–Bb. The other defining factor is that—much like diminished chords—this scale repeats every minor third. In other words, the C, Eb, Gb, and A half-whole diminished scales all contain the exact same notes. Not coincidentally, those four notes also outline the major triads included in the scale.
Because of the symmetrical nature of the scale and the fact that it repeats itself, there are a total of three half-whole diminished scales: C (which is the same as Eb, Gb, and A), Db (which is the same as E, G, and Bb) and D (which is the same as F, Ab, and B). In essence, once you've learned all three scales and have gained a strong sense of how this scale sounds, you will able to apply it to any dominant 7 chord from any root.
Why Not Just Play the Scale?
Great question. While there is absolutely nothing wrong with using scales to improvise, I find that isolating and combining the major triads in the scale can provide a fresh perspective and distinct color when playing over dominant chords. It gets me away from familiar sounds and patterns. Using the triads in combination creates a strong dominant sound that's begging to resolve, while also often sounding mysterious and far less like you're just running up and down the scale.
In the following examples we'll be looking at how to use major triads from the diminished scale in combinations of two to four and hear how they resolve to major chords, minor chords, and other dominant chords. Worth noting is that for most of the examples we'll be using the G, Bb, Db, E major triads to resolve to some sort of C, Eb, Gb, or A chord. The reason we're able to do that is because the scale repeats in minor thirds. Therefore, G7 can be treated the same as Bb7 (and can resolve to any type of Eb chord), which can be treated the same as Db7 (and can resolve to any type of Gb chord), which can treated the same as E7 (and can resolve to any type of A chord). Let's get started!
Feel free to learn these examples using positions and fingerings that feel comfortable to you. As long as you're paying attention to the quality of your sound and playing the lines with a strong sense of rhythm and phrasing, there is no single "right" place to play these on the guitar. The tabs are merely a suggestion.
We'll start off simply in Ex. 1 with a IIm-V7–I in the key of C. On the Dm7 chord we have a line essentially constructed around the arpeggio with a bebop sensibility. Once we arrive at the G7 chord, notice that while there is no major triad played in its entirety sequentially, the line is constructed using the notes of a Bb major triad and a Db major triad. As we resolve to Cmaj7, there is a slight suspension of the #5 (G#) that quickly resolves to the natural 5 (G).
Dominant Chord Domination Ex. 1
In Ex. 2 we clearly outline and connect a C triad to a Gb triad over the A7 chord resolving to Dm7. This time on the G7 chord we use the two other major triads from the scale that we did not use in Ex. 1: E and G. In this measure the E triad is played in its entirety in 2nd inversion and for the last two beats we use a combination of notes from the E and G triads resolving to the 7 (B) on the Cmaj7 chord.
Dominant Domination Ex. 2
Ex. 3 changes key, this time playing over a IIm7–V7–I resolving to Ebm6. Notice that we're able to draw from the same pool of triads for Bb7 as we did for G7. We're still using two major triads on the dominant chords, this time E and Bb, resolving to the natural 6 (C) of the Ebm6 chord.
Dominant Domination Ex. 3
Next, we get a chance to hear the other two triads (G and Db) played over the Bb7 chord, this time resolving to Ebmaj7 instead of Ebm6 (Ex. 4). It's worth noting how well this dominant sound can resolve to both major and minor chord qualities. Here, we also begin to break things up with eighth-note triplets and larger intervallic leaps.
Dominant Domination Ex. 4
Ex. 5 gives us our first chance to hear a dominant chord moving to another dominant chord before resolving to the I chord. Pro tip: You can change any IIm chord to a dominant chord to create a half-step move to the V7. On the D7 chord we hear a syncopated Ab triad followed by a B triad with a D natural leading into it (the note is not outside of the chord, but in this instance still functions like an approach note). Next, the line combines the notes of an E and Db triad on the Db7 chord, finally resolving to Gbmaj7 with a line built around seconds and fourths and highlighting the #11 (C).
Dominant Domination Ex. 5
In Ex. 6 we have a similar progression to the one in in Ex. 5, but this time each dominant chord is two measures long instead of one and we resolve to a minor chord instead of a major chord. Because of the longer duration of the dominant chords, we're able to utilize all four major triads on each dominant chord (F, B, D, and Ab on B7; G, E, Db, and Bb on Bb7).
Dominant Domination Ex. 6
This one tackles a tricky part of George Shearing's song "Conception" using our triadic approach on the quickly descending dominant chords (Ex. 7). I find this approach helpful on this type of progression in terms of playing a line where the trajectory moves independently from the downward direction of the chord movement. In this example we get into some more challenging rhythmic phrasing and generally use only one major triad on each dominant chord.
Dominant Domination Ex. 7
Finally in Ex. 8 we see an often-encountered progression where the root motion is V–I from beginning to end. Here, we are back to using two triads per dominant chord (but this time with some approach notes) mixed with a strong bebop sensibility.
Dominant Domination Ex. 8
As you can see, the diminished chord gets a bad rap for being overly complicated and too pattern based. By thinking of more melodic fragments (triads!) you can tackle more difficult harmonies with ease and give your lines a fresh perspective.
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- What Exactly is a “Drop 2” Chord? - Premier Guitar › | <urn:uuid:b3377a96-7c58-43fe-9925-e630a07c51b6> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.premierguitar.com/lessons/jazz/diminished-scales-dominant-chords?rebelltitem=10 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.936683 | 1,776 | 2.9375 | 3 |
Gardens — Counting Chicks by R. Ann Parris for PrepperGroups.com
We’ve heard the phrase “don’t count your chicks before they hatch.” It applies in a lot of areas, but particularly with food production. We could actually expand it to not counting chickens before they’re grown and harvested, because both plant-based and animal-based food systems have a lot that can go wrong.
It’s one of the reasons our forebearers became exceeding successful — and more populous — once they settled into permanent or only semi-nomadic lifestyles. Their habits can give us a couple of really good points to consider when it comes to our production and storage.
Self-reliant growers don’t plan on eating off gardens in spring — they produce and preserve for a complete cycle, harvest season to harvest season.
Even for growers with long 5-7 month seasons who then further buffer beds in spring and autumn for extended harvests, and who eat highly seasonally, just producing the vegetables and fruits to augment their base calories, harvest-to-harvest typically means 7-9 months of some kind of storage.
Not preppers. Just self-reliant growers.
That’s apples and winter squash on shelves, bottled peaches and tomatoes, carrots waiting in deep-mulched beds, and turnips in sand tubs or pits. Because those crops have to last until they can harvest the next round of carrots, peaches, and squash.
Even when they primarily eat seasonally, due to the unpredictability of harvests (even in Big Ag) most of those self-reliant growers won’t only store food for winter and the very first parts of spring, and count on foraging and growing enough of even just their veggies.
Instead, many actually go out further with their dehydrated and canned produce, a full 12-18 months, to account for bad harvests of specific crops and bad seasons that reduce normal garden totals, and buffer the potential of a really ugly situation from having a bad year all around.
We see a bit of a flip in the extreme polar and alpine regions where instead of vegetables, natives who still live very old-school lifestyles are relying heavily on the waterways and fatty animals for their nutrients as well as the energy to stay warm through the very, very, very long cold seasons.
Those people, particularly, know the absolute necessity of harvesting as much as possible and storing as much of it as possible for the lean times. In many cases, they may have only a few weeks a year to get each primary harvest in, and if they fail to make the mark, it means slaughtering dogs and hoofstock and still possibly going hungry — rationing to the bare minimum for months on end, not weeks, and totally at the mercy of a good season in the coming year.
They embrace extended food storage as part of their lifestyle, because even in the best of seasons, things can go wrong.
Numerous as potentials for disaster are when we rely on Nature and other living things, it’s not always a failure on the plant or animal fronts. Things can also happen to us specifically that greatly affect how much we produce, harvest and preserve.
We break and get injured. We fight illnesses. So do our families, which can affect us and the time we can devote to producing and harvesting.
And, so do trees, which can fall and squish a garden/animal shelter, back up a creek/ditch and flood our patches, or squish our roofs/windows and force us to spend time dealing with that instead of producing, harvesting and storing for the future.
Tools also break and are lost and stolen. Depending on insurance and income, and availability, we may not be able to replace/repair them. We may not be able to replace/repair them quickly. That can slow us in producing, harvesting and storing, and when it comes to Nature, we’re usually matching or racing her timescales, not setting the pace. Delays affect how much yield gets safely tucked away.
It all contributes to the need for some extra, even beyond our harvest-to-harvest storage.
People lived that way far longer than the modern trends of day-to-day, week-to-week, month-to-month and season-to-season living. Those who maintain or have returned to more traditional, self-reliant lifestyles learn to replicate the farther-forward outlooks — among others — and are usually the last ones to expect that every season will bring as much as in the past, without any complications.
They don’t count their chicks until they’re in sturdy, protected storage, and even then they keep an eye on it. Because things go wrong. If we’re prepping, we should really be acknowledging that potential, too. | <urn:uuid:79e95efa-ab18-42a2-b817-8310087c6db0> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.preppergroups.com/seeking-out-other-preppers/r-ann-parris-on-food-storage-options-pros-and-cons/r-ann-parris-on-gardens-counting-chicks/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.958043 | 1,023 | 2.5625 | 3 |
Patient engagement is a hot topic in healthcare. The consensus is that patient engagement is essential from both a physician's and healthcare institution's standpoint and an individual patient's point of view. But what exactly is patient engagement, and why is it so important?
Patient engagement involves patients taking an active role in their health, including sharing information with their doctor about their lifestyle, diet, and exercise habits, and assuming a more active involvement in their care plans. It also includes checking in with their doctor regularly, following up on test results and treatment recommendations, and keeping track of medications prescribed.
Patient engagement can help improve outcomes for patients by keeping them involved in their care plans, which can lead to better compliance with recommended treatments and lifestyle changes — and ultimately better results for the individual and the institution as a whole.
Why Patient Engagement Matters
Patient engagement is a multi-disciplinary, cross-functional approach to improving the human experience of healthcare at every level. It's about putting patients first and engaging them as active participants in their care. Each of the three hierarchies of healthcare, whether individual patients, healthcare providers, or institutions, can benefit from implementing it correctly.
At the individual level, patient engagement can help patients make better decisions about their health. It also helps them take more ownership over their condition and treatment, boosting their sense of agency and self-efficacy and, ultimately, helping them improve their quality of life.
For the provider, patient engagement gives healthcare providers a clearer picture of their patient's individual experiences and feelings, offering insight into why they might not comply with treatments or take medications as prescribed. These insights make it easier for healthcare professionals to diagnose and treat diseases that may otherwise go undiagnosed or untreated because patients don't report them.
Finally, at the institutional level, patient engagement enables hospitals to understand how well patients utilize their resources and how resources need to change to provide better care overall. It can also help hospitals identify areas where they need more resources or training to meet their patients' needs.
Limiting Factors Creating Roadblocks for Patient Engagement
Patient engagement is a critical part of healthcare, and it's something that doctors, hospitals, and insurance companies are all trying to improve. However, many obstacles are preventing these improvements from happening. These often include things like:
- Patients who don't have time to keep up with their health.
- Hospitals aren't open to patient feedback about what they could do better.
- Doctors who aren't trained in patient engagement techniques or aren't interested in learning them.
Technological literacy, or lack thereof, also creates roadblocks for patient engagement. Many patients do not know how to use the tools available to them, or they don't understand how they can benefit from those tools. In some cases, they may not have access to it in their day-to-day lives.
Many healthcare clinics and institutions are also running outdated systems that make it difficult for patients to use online portals and other digital tools provided by the clinic. If a healthcare provider's system requires updates before offering any new services or tools, this could create problems for patients who would otherwise like to be more involved in their healthcare.
Solutions for Improved Patient Engagement
With the rise of modern communications technologies, patient engagement has become easier than ever before. There are now several technological innovations that can improve patient engagement, especially patient engagement platforms and software.
A patient engagement platform allows healthcare providers to better connect with their patients. These platforms make it easy for patients to schedule appointments, and communicate with their doctors and other healthcare team members. This technology also allows patients to submit feedback on their experiences with the practice and stay up-to-date on new treatments or procedures in the field.
Patients can also use online portals to communicate with each other through online communities and forums where they share tips about healthy lifestyles and discuss concerns related to their health conditions.
Start Using Patient Engagement Software
Patient engagement platforms improve patient engagement by connecting patients to their caregivers, making it easier to stay in touch with their doctors and medical teams.
At QliqSOFT, we believe that engaging the patient is key to improving healthcare for the public. We develop patient engagement platforms that help you reach out to your patients, get them engaged in their health, and empower them to make better decisions about their lives. Contact us to learn more about how we can help you improve your patient experience.
Engaging Patients &
Connecting Care Teams
Flexible. Easy. Secure.
Experience the power of QliqSOFT's digital engagement platform to reduce staff burnout, keep your patients engaged and reduce staff costs.Learn More | <urn:uuid:cc8476be-6589-4b3d-8f74-ccd719a61190> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.qliqsoft.com/blog/improving-patient-engagement | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.951433 | 950 | 3.015625 | 3 |
Ores Waste Recovery
There are a great deal of benefits of ores recycling, and because of this the role that ores waste recovery teams play should never be downplayed, as they can help to ensure that as much is recycled as possible to reduce the amount of waste that goes into landfill.
The main thing to consider in relation to ores recycling is the fact that if ores are not recycled and recovered, new ones need to be mined – and this can have a negative effect on the environment.
Not only does mining take away a huge portion of land that could otherwise be used for something else, but it also takes away the homes of many different animals that may have created a habitat there, and it also destroys a lot of plant life, too.
Not only this, but the act of recycling ores can be achieved much more cheaply than mining new ores, so it could save a huge amount of money for the industry, too. When you consider this, it is clear that education on ores recycling should be made a priority, and the work that ores waste recovery companies do should be celebrated – as it has a major positive effect on the planet.
Waste management solutions
We provide a range of solutions, including the following:
Expert advice on the right equipment for you.
Access to the very latest products, such as the McCloskey B200 BIVITEC high g-force screener.
Plant research and design.
Trade in of a wide variety of recyclable materials around the globe, ranging from timber and cardboard to plastics and glass. | <urn:uuid:a0e19dc8-589d-4a89-b02b-de3b583e35d0> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.rgrecyclinggroup.com/ores-waste-recovery/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.962869 | 328 | 2.53125 | 3 |
LED flicker, what a nuisance and why does it occur?
Well let's start with the TYPES of “flicker” in LEDs and then let’s discuss the CAUSES, and the SOLUTIONS.
Firstly, there is visual flicker and as the definition states, the bare eye can see the LED flicker directly at various times. Then there is Non-visual flicker, which is harder to detect as the flicker experience typically can only be seen with the use of a smart phone, camera, or persons that are sensitive to artificial light sources and in some cases the flicker can be observed only via your peripheral vision.
There are many causes of flicker, however, the consistent causes that arise are typically:
(1) poor luminaire construction and or low quality LED components,
(2) compatibility of the light source and a connected dimmer device, remember there is no international performance standard for the combination of dimming and LED devices, hence compatibility issues can sometimes be a challenge
(3) connected inductive loads within the electrical circuit eg: fans, air conditioners, which can disrupt the circuit harmonics
(4) ripple induced circuits, typically found in QLD and NSW, where the electrical provider sends a signal through the electrical system to control the off-peak hot water functions and
(5) the use of off-grid power (diesel) supplies and or solar supply sources, which can cause harmonic distortion if the system is not filtered correctly.
So, what are the SAL solutions?
For commercial panel and commercial downlight applications, the selection of a premium control gear system, such as the SAL flickerCONTROLLED series will respond to non-visual created flicker.
Examples of SAL product solutions are - PANELS DOWNLIGHTS INTERIOR ARCHITECTURAL EXTERIOR ARCHITECTURAL
For residential applications, the key is to identify the source of the flicker and then respond with a suitable flicker-controlled solution.
For ripple induced flicker the SAL (premium) solution is the rippleSHIELD series, which uses a combination of a dedicated dimmer and downlight to completely eliminate ANY flicker experience. This system has no equal and has been proven to address all flicker influences, whether it be mains connected ripple induced or inductive load supplies. Examples of SAL rippleSHIELD product solutions are.
Now for non-visual and visual harmonic induced flicker, the SAL solution is the flickerGUARD series, which uses an advanced circuit design, responding to both visual and non-visual harmonic induced flicker experiences. Unlike the rippleSHIELD system, this solution utilizes the existing dimming device, which naturally carry third party design tolerances. Examples of SAL flickerGUARD product solutions are . | <urn:uuid:4372e67c-89cf-4ad4-96a5-b829c9f918a6> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.sal.net.au/products/interior-led-lighting/led-downlights/ECOGEM-S9041-TC2_FG | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.899902 | 581 | 2.546875 | 3 |
So, everyone knows what stress is, but everybodys meanings are different. I am referring any condition in which the normal biological functioning of an animal is disrupted.
Lets try to understand what it is and how it affects our saltwater aquarium fish.
It can happen to any animal, including your saltwater aquarium fish. Poor living conditions weaken your saltwater fish and lower the fishs resistance.
This is when the fish is most vulnerable to diseases. In biological terms, the normal biological function of an animal is called its homeostasis.
Anything that disrupts the animals homeostasis is a stressor, and the animal is said to be stressed.
Remember that the best way to deal with it is by avoiding it! So you need to learn how to recognize it and try to identify the problem in your saltwater aquarium.
It will become obvious to you if your fish is healthy or not when you look at it. Appearance and behavior will look different than normal. This is not really complicated.
You feed your fish everyday so this is the best time to look and really examine if there is something wrong.
Perform water tests, make and check notes, and look at the list of conditions here. Hopefully you’ll be able to isolate the cause.
But what exactly are you looking for? Let’s get into a little bit of detail on this.
- Not being hungry or loss of appetite. I think that even us don’t feel hungry or feel like eating anything if we’re sick, right? If they were eating before and suddenly lose interest on food tells you something is wrong.Try giving them something that they usually can’t refuse. Like live food for example.
- Another symptom to look for is laziness. They may be hiding all the time and they typically keep their fins folded close to their body. Or maybe not swimming at all.
- A clear sign is when they spend too much time at the surface hyperventilating or gasping. This is not necessarily sign of disease, but probably and indication of poor water quality and low dissolved oxygen.
- If they display rubbing onto surfaces or twitching, then you obviously have some kind of problem. Usually, fish that experience this behavior are the ones that are infected with parasites. They rub themselves against gravel and aquarium decorations.
Lets look at some conditions that are stressful to saltwater fish:
- Poor Water Quality
- Lack of Nutrition
- Aggressive Behavior
- Temperature Changes
- Salinity Changes | <urn:uuid:43ed64c9-b1cb-4062-9305-d4cc59127944> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.saltwater-aquarium-online-guide.com/stress/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.958575 | 523 | 3.078125 | 3 |
It was Bennett’s response to the Vesey crisis for which he is best remembered. In a message to the General Assembly on November 22, 1822, the governor chastised Charleston authorities for the mass execution of alleged conspirators.
Governor. Bennett was born on August 14, 1781, the son of the architect Thomas Bennett and Anna Hayes Warnock. He married Mary Lightbourn Stone on February 19, 1801. The couple eventually had seven children. Beginning as his father’s partner, Bennett built a lucrative lumber and rice mill business in Charleston. His rice mills, known as Cannonsborough Mills, included a twenty-two-pestle mill driven by steam power and a fourteen-pestle mill driven by tide power from an eighty-seven-acre pond. A prominent lowcountry entrepreneur, Bennett held business positions that included director of the South Carolina Homespun Company (1808), incorporator of the Planters and Merchants Bank (1810), director of Bank of the State of South Carolina (1811–1814, 1826–1827), and director of the Louisville, Cincinnati and Charleston Railroad (1836–1837). He was also active in the Charleston Chamber of Commerce and held local political offices, including intendant (mayor) of Charleston from 1812 to 1813. Through his second marriage, to Jane Burgess Gordon, on March 5, 1840, Bennett obtained three lowcountry plantations. By 1850 he owned 260 slaves, and ten years later his Charleston estate was valued at $275,800.
In 1804 Bennett was elected by St. Philip’s and St. Michael’s Parishes to the South Carolina General Assembly, where he served six terms in the House of Representatives by 1817 and sat as Speaker of the House from 1814 to 1817. Victorious in a special election for the S.C. Senate in 1819, he resigned on December 7, 1820, upon being elected governor. During his tenure (1820–1822), Bennett opposed the slave trade, advocated increased leniency in the criminal and slave codes, and promoted internal improvements. Bennett also presided over the state during the thwarted Denmark Vesey slave insurrection, in the aftermath of which dozens of accused participants were hanged or exiled, including three of Bennett’s trusted house slaves.
It was Bennett’s response to the Vesey crisis for which he is best remembered. In a message to the General Assembly on November 22, 1822, the governor chastised Charleston authorities for the mass execution of alleged conspirators. Bennett criticized courts for accepting without question testimony that was “the offspring of treachery or revenge,” offered by witnesses who were obviously attempting to save their own lives. While Bennett agreed that some type of plot was afoot, he refused to accept the hysterical response of city residents, who, “in a pitch of excitement,” turned scattered rumors into a slave conspiracy involving hundreds or even thousands of participants. Part of Bennett’s opinion was based on racial stereotypes. He simply doubted the capability of African slaves to mount such an uprising and trusted implicitly in the “habitual respect” slaves held for their masters. Despite such doubts, Bennett nevertheless cooperated with Charleston officials during the crisis. “Thus,” the historian Richard Wade surmised, “Charleston stumbled into tragedy.”
Bennett supported the Unionists in the nullification crisis of 1832 and briefly represented the city parishes again in the S.C. Senate from 1837 to 1839. He died on January 30, 1865, and was buried in Magnolia Cemetery.
Bailey, N. Louise, Mary L. Morgan, and Carolyn R. Taylor, eds. Biographical Directory of the South Carolina Senate, 1776–1985. 3 vols. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1986.
Lofton, John. Insurrection in South Carolina: The Turbulent World of Denmark Vesey. Yellow Springs, Ohio: Antioch, 1964.
Wade, Richard C. “The Vesey Plot: A Reconsideration.” Journal of Southern History 30 (May 1964): 143–61. | <urn:uuid:482ab623-264d-47b9-a670-1c2149f7cae8> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.scencyclopedia.org/sce/entries/bennett-thomas-jr/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.960874 | 868 | 3.234375 | 3 |
Despite their tiny brains, bees have remarkable navigation capabilities based on their vision. Now scientists have recreated a light-weight imaging system mimicking a honeybee's field of view, which could change the way we build mobile robots and small flying vehicles.
New research published Aug. 6 in IOP Publishing's Bioinspiration & Biomimetics, describes how the researchers from the Center of Excellence 'Cognitive Interaction Technology' at Bielefeld University, Germany, have built an artificial bee eye, complete with fully functional camera, to shed light on the insects' complex sensing, processing and navigational skills.
Consisting of a light-weight mirror-lens combination attached to a USB video camera, the artificial eye manages to achieve a field of vision comparable to that of a bee. In combining a curved reflective surface that is built into acrylic glass with lenses covering the frontal field, the bee eye camera has allowed the researchers to take unique images showing the world from an insect's viewpoint.
In the future, the researchers hope to include UV to fully reflect a bee's colour vision, which is important to honeybees for flower recognition and discrimination and also polarisation vision, which bees use for orientation. They also hope to incorporate models of the subsequent neural processing stages.
As the researchers write, "Despite the discussed limitations of our model of the spatial resolution of the honeybees compound eyes, we are confident that it is useful for many purposes, e.g. for the simulation of bee-like agents in virtual environments and, in combination with presented imaging system, for testing bee-inspired visual navigation strategies on mobile robots."
Cite This Page: | <urn:uuid:1259bbbd-84b0-44d5-96d8-f15e75819e6e> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/08/100805203343.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.918851 | 335 | 4.0625 | 4 |
Since the adoption of the 2030 Agenda at the UN General Assembly in 2015, the world has been striving to attain the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, the pace of progress is insufficient, and the recent COVID-19 pandemic has reportedly stalled or even reversed progress.1 According to the latest report by the UN Secretary-General, the percentage of people living in extreme poverty increased from 8.4% in 2019 to 9.5% in 2020.2 The question is how to recover from the pandemic in a better way and attain the SDGs.
This article reviews Japan’s efforts and discusses the future in science, technology and innovation (STI) to achieve the SDGs at global, regional, national, and local levels in connection to efforts in international organizations.
Japan’s past STI policies
Japan strove to reconstruct its economy and society from the ruins of World War II, achieving rapid economic growth from 1955 to 1973. Heavy industry developed quickly, with industrial complexes lining the Pacific coast, but in the process, pollution increased, often causing harm to the health of residents and the environment. In response, stricter regulations were imposed on emissions and wastewater from factories, and environmental technologies for removing harmful substances from wastewater and exhaust gas were developed. In 1971, the Environmental Agency was established, and environmental policies strengthened.
In response to the oil crisis of 1973, research and development of new energy sources (solar power, geothermal power, coal gasification, hydrogen) were taken up to replace oil. The Agency of Industrial Science and Technology also launched national projects to boost R&D for semiconductors, mainframe computers, and other priority areas. Since the 1980s, national science and technology policy have shifted gears toward strategically supporting basic science. In the 1990s, Japan’s financial crisis (the collapse of its bubble economy) led to the reinvigoration of its postwar policy of becoming a science-and-technology-based nation, which led to the enactment of the Basic Act on Science and Technology in 1995 and the implementation of the Science and Technology Basic Plan from 1996 onward. With a rapidly aging population and declining birthrate, the Great East Japan Earthquake and the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident in 2011, and the recent pandemic, Japan has been pursuing new STI policy not only for economic prosperity but also for the societal resilience and well-being. This is a work in progress and must be accompanied by a reform of Japan’s STI system. Japan’s experiences and environmental technology development in the past half century will be valuable assets in redefining and implementing actual action plans for SDGs. The SDGs raise the need to accelerate such transformations.
Policy framework and action plan for realizing the SDGs in Japan
In May 2016, less than a year after the UN resolution on the SDGs, the government of Japan established its SDG Promotion Headquarters, chaired by the Prime Minister and attended by all ministers. The “SDGs Implementation Guiding Principles” were formulated in December 2016 after discussions at the SDG Promotion Roundtable, which brought together stakeholders in academia, government, industry, and civil society. In 2019, a revised version of these principles was prepared. The principles restructure the SDGs to fit the Japanese context and clarify the vision and eight priorities.3 Each of these priorities corresponds to the five Ps (people, planet, prosperity, peace, and partnership) of the UN 2030 Agenda.
The SDG Action Plan, which defines Japan’s activities to achieve the SDGs, has been updated and followed every year since 2018. The latest SDG Action Plan 2021 lists the following as key priorities: 1) countering infectious disease and preparing for future crises, 2) investing in business for building back better and refining growth strategies through innovation; 3) SDGs-driven regional revitalization, creating a virtuous cycle of economy and environment; and 4) accelerating these actions through empowering individuals and strengthening bonds among people.4 As described below, efforts by multiple sectors across Japan are increasing to put these priorities into practice.
In addition to proactive efforts by government ministries and agencies, the participation of various stakeholders, including industry, academia, citizens, and young people, is key in the implementation of these plans. In the industrial sector, the Keidanren (Japan Business Federation) was among the first to enact a Charter of Corporate Behavior that complies with the SDGs. As a result of diverse efforts to promote the SDGs, the level of awareness among the public has increased from 14.8% in 2018 to 54.2% as of April 2021.5 This impressive rise is largely due to the increased coverage by mass media and the adoption of ESD (education for sustainable development) in primary and secondary education.
The SDGs need to be addressed in a multilayered manner, with clear interconnections at the individual, communal, local, national, and global levels. The local SDGs are achieving concrete results by customizing them to the region, while making use of local culture and traditional technologies. They are helping drive the transition away from the concentration of Japan’s socio-economic system in large cities toward a decentralized society of the future. Kitakyushu City’s “Green Growth City,” and Aomori Prefecture’s projects to achieve long healthy lives are some examples of distinctive initiatives pursued to revitalize local society. These experiences should be generalized for and shared with other places including foreign countries. Since 2018, the Japanese government has designated municipalities that propose outstanding initiatives to integrate the economy, society, and the environment as “SDGs Future Cities” and disseminated information on such models throughout Japan. As a result, local governments have begun to address the SDGs as their own issues and promote the resolution of regional issues. In 2017, the percentage of local governments working on the SDGs was only 1%; by 2020, it was 39.7%, and the Japanese government is stepping up efforts to increase this to 60% by the end of FY2024.
Japan’s efforts and remaining challenges in achieving the SDGs are summarized in the Voluntary National Review 2021.
Promoting STI for the SDGs in Japan
Science, technology and innovation (STI) aims to increase collective well-being through combining new scientific and technological breakthroughs with social and economic actions. In 2020, Japan revised the 1995 Basic Act on Science and Technology to remove the boundaries between the natural sciences, humanities, and social sciences, and to stimulate innovation for a changing world.6 The Act was renamed the Basic Act on Science, Technology, and Innovation. In addition, the Sixth Science, Technology and Innovation Basic Plan (2021–25) was launched,7 focusing on the implementation of “Society 5.0”8 and the enhancement of STI.
Society 5.0 is Japan’s vision for the future: a human-centered society that balances economic development with resilience and well-being by integrating cyberspace and physical space and promoting social transformation by using digital technologies such as the internet of things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI). Society 5.0 is envisioned as the successor of the sequence of transformations of human societies, from hunter-gatherer society (Society 1.0) to agricultural society (Society 2.0) to industrial society (Society 3.0) and finally to information society (Society 4.0). It is also an action plan/roadmap for STI for SDGs in Japan. In the sixth basic plan, STI policies are being accelerated under roadmaps focusing on carbon neutrality, digital transformation, countermeasures against infectious diseases, and human resource development. In addition, efforts to promote STI for local SDGs are emphasized.
Key transformations in STI policies for the SDGs
Below, we examine six key transformations of STI policy framework, instruments, and capacity, aiming to achieve the SDGs.
- Developing mission-oriented STI policy for STI for SDGs
The UNESCO/ICSU Declaration on Science and the Use of Scientific Knowledge (the “Budapest Declaration”) in 1999 forced a major rethinking of the promotion system and structure of modern science, which began in the early 19th century, as well as evaluation methods and norms for scientists. The SDGs call for the global STI community to accelerate this historic shift.
One such move is the implementation of mission-oriented STI policy, which aims to maximize the power of the STI community to realize a sustainable and resilient society and has been vigorously discussed in international platforms such as the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD),9 the International Science Council (ISC),10 the Global Research Council (GRC)11, and the World Science Forum (WSF).12 The mission-oriented approach is also an important part of Horizon Europe,13 the European Union’s research and innovation framework plan launched in 2021 with grand challenges grouped in six clusters.
In the past, Japan’s mission-oriented R&D was mainly carried out by corporate research laboratories and national research institutes, as seen in the national projects of the Agency of Industrial Science and Technology in the 1970s and 1980s. Today, with the downsizing of corporate research laboratories, universities and national research institutes have an increasingly important role in implementing mission-oriented STI. To this end, the ministries concerned with science and technology have expanded their backcasting research programs and funding. Since 2013, the Council for Science and Technology Policy has been promoting the Cross-ministerial Strategic Innovation Program (SIP)14 for solving social issues through the collaboration of industry, academia, and government. Twenty-three projects, including energy carriers, an automated driving system, and resilient disaster prevention and mitigation initiatives, have already been implemented, and in addition to the development of advanced technologies, legal and regulatory reforms and measures to obtain social acceptance have been put into practice. In 2020, the Moonshot Research and Development Program was launched to tackle technological and social issues without fear of failure in anticipation of 2050.15 With these efforts, Japan has been recognized for its active promotion of mission-oriented STI policies.16
The OECD’s Transdisciplinary Research (TDR) Project, which Japan co-chaired, proposes a new paradigm of science as a powerful tool for strategic orientation, coordination, and implementation of mission-oriented STI policies.17 TDR is defined by OECD as collaborative research between natural sciences and social sciences/humanities, with engagement of non-academic stakeholders. The 2020 OECD report presents 28 practices from various countries, including the project of the International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, established to integrate the lessons of the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami and knowledge from multiple research fields to build a new approach to disaster mitigation research, and the Mobility Innovation project to design slow-mobility systems and services for an aging society, led by Nagoya University and Toyota under Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)’s innovation-oriented funding program.
- The STI for SDGs roadmap: from design to implementation
STI for SDGs roadmaps are powerful multi-stakeholder engagement tools to envision, plan, communicate, and facilitate actions; track progress; and foster a learning environment to harness STI to achieve the SDGs.18 A well-designed STI roadmap can show a pathway to comprehensively mobilize policy tools, science and technology, business, finance, and regulation to address the social challenges prioritized for geographic area or sector. It is also a methodology that ensures the achievement of STI for SDGs with steps for prioritizing objectives, analyzing gaps, setting goals, evaluating pathways, implementing the roadmap, and monitoring and evaluating progress. A systemic and robust approach should be established in order to make sure to attain STI for SDGs even under the continuous threat of a pandemic.
STI for SDGs roadmaps have been discussed since the first UN STI Forum in 2016. The publication of the “Guidebook for the preparation of STI for SDGs roadmaps”19 and the implementation of the “Global Pilot Programme”20 are among the most remarkable achievements that the UN Interagency Task Team (IATT) on STI for the SDGs has ever made, and Japan and the EU have been supporting these activities. “Guiding Principles of STI for SDGs Roadmaps” were included in the documents distributed at the G20 Osaka Summit.21 Based on these experiences, a global collaboration scheme, called the “Partnership in Action on STI for SDGs Roadmaps”22 is currently being planned to scale up the Pilot Programme. The Partnership in Action facilitates international cooperation for STI for SDGs with the three pillars: building up national STI capabilities to address COVID-19 recovery and the SDGs; boosting international knowledge and technology flows for the SDGs; and brokering international collaborations for the SDGs. At the UN High-level Political Forum on Sustainable Development in 2021, a group of countries including Japan supported establishing a multi-stakeholder alliance to implement the Partnership in Action of STI for SDGs Roadmaps.23 High-level officials from governments, research organizations and private sectors who are interested in STI roadmaps are invited to join in this alliance. It will also include leaders and technical experts from UN/international organizations and other stakeholders.
According to the “Progress Report of Pilot Programmes” by the UN IATT, the six pilot countries all share a weakness in their STI industry, infrastructure, and innovation capacity (SDGs Goal 9), a major obstacle to achieving all of the goals. Institutional support, including from UN agencies and international organizations, needs to be well established and backed by financing.
The STI for SDGs should be positioned not only for 2030 but for a long-term roadmap that extends beyond 2030.24 Based on studies of the roadmaps, the Japan Academy of Engineering has taken up the topics of smart cities, the energy-food-water nexus, and governance from the perspective of society, to be realized around 2050.25 The importance of sensing technologies and data for nature and society has also been emphasized.26
- Strengthening international cooperation for urgent issues
With regard to environmental issues, the question of how to achieve carbon neutrality by the middle of the 21st century has emerged as a central and urgent issue in relation to climate change. This requires consideration of both negative emissions in major carbon dioxide-emitting countries and equitable access to energy in all countries. While science and technology share a critical role, the breadth and difficulty of the problem make international cooperation particularly imperative. The Belmont Forum and the Future Earth Programmes have been operating as multilateral international collaboration schemes on environmental science. The growth of open science in response to the COVID-19 pandemic should give us a lesson in promoting dynamic international cooperative research for urgent issues such as climate change and other future risks. The use of digital technology, the convergence of knowledge and experience, and the participation of civil society are also imperative.
- Strengthening the dynamic relationship among global, regional, national, and local levels
Governance is key to promoting initiatives among global, regional, national, and local levels in close relationship with each other. In particular, taking into account scale and regional characteristics, customized schemes in local contexts should be generalized and scaled up for transfer to national, regional and global levels. To this end, as part of strengthening the global partnership enshrined in SDGs Goal 17, a global think tank consortium needs to be established in collaboration with relevant organizations.
At the “Local and Regional Government Forum,” a 2018 HLPF Special Event, the heads of local governments around the world declared that local communities will actively drive the SDGs.27 From Japan, Shimokawa Town, Toyama City, and Kitakyushu City reported on their first Voluntary Local Reviews (VLR).28 HLPF 2020 also recognized that local SDGs activities are playing significant roles.29
Brokering collaborations among relevant organizations and stakeholders is important to promote STI in local areas by using advanced and existing technologies and local knowledge. To this end, it is also important to mobilize local universities and technical colleges for local STI for SDGs.
- Bridging science, policy, and society
The Great East Japan Earthquake and the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident in 2011 highlighted the lack of an interface between science, policy and society backed by mutual trust in times of emergencies in Japan. Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the importance of science and technology has been recognized by policymakers and citizens, and expert councils set up by the government have been working among the parties concerned in Japan. However, the voices of the scientific community have not always been adequately reflected in either policy making or social behavioral change.30
To improve the interface between science, policy and society, synthesizing diverse scientific, social, and economic knowledge and communication in multidirectional ways are essential. The current unidirectional flow of information and advices from scientists to policy makers and citizens needs to be re-examined, and the science-policy-society interface needs to be redesigned as a co-creative ecosystem.31 The International Science Council (ISC), which was formed in 2018 with the merger of the International Council for Science (ICSU) and the International Social Science Council (ISSC), is already actively working with the United Nations, the GRC, the International Network for Government Science Advice (INGSA), and others to transform science, address social issues, and strengthen science-humanities collaboration. The ISC is expected to further strengthen its relationship with industry, the financial sector, and the public sector, and to take the lead in bridging science, policy and society.
- Reshaping capacity in science and technology at individual and collective levels
The UN SDGs resolution calls for “transforming our world,” which includes governments, the economy, industry, education, science and technology, and living systems in the modern era. It is necessary to promote the use of vast natural and social sensing data in the design of a future society; take stock of the huge number of existing technologies and apply them, especially to local STI for SDGs and in developing countries; and promote transdisciplinary research for solving societal challenges. To implement these measures, it is imperative to rebuild dynamic capabilities in governments and fundamentally change the mindset and curriculum of both faculty and students in higher education. In particular, it is essential to change the purpose and methods of education and training systems to raise individual and collective awareness and capabilities at multiple layers of the science and technology sector. In addition to research universities, local universities and technical colleges play key roles in achieving local SDGs and nurturing practitioners for STI for SDGs.
Sharing trust and values among science, policy, and civil society; disseminating clear information on capabilities, challenges, and the risks of emerging science and technology; and countering disinformation are among the duties of the science community.32 Young scientists and engineers engaged in rapid development of frontier science and technology are expected to actively contribute to STI for SDGs and science-policy-society interfaces. The 2022 Global Young Academy Annual General Meeting and Conference, to be held in Japan (Fukuoka), will discuss what scientists should pursue with the theme “Harmonizing reason with sensibility: Regenerating science for an inclusive and sustainable future.”33 The upcoming World Expo 2025, also to be held in Japan (Osaka), will promote the sharing of challenges and solutions from around the world that are being undertaken primarily by younger generations.34 These knowledge platforms are expected to lead to new ideas that will help resolve global and local issues for our future society.
The 2030 Agenda positions STI as key means to achieving a sustainable and resilient society. Based on Japan’s experiences and the international dialogues on the SDGs, we strongly propose transformations of STI policy framework, instruments, and capacity with coherent multi-stakeholder engagement, which will open a new horizon in 2030 and beyond.
- Jeffrey D. Sachs, Christian Kroll, Guillaume Lafortune, Grayson Fuller, and Finn Woelm, Sustainable Development Report 2021, June 14, 2021, www.sdgindex.org/reports/sustainable-development-report-2021.
- United Nations, “Progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals: Report of the Secretary-General,” April 30, 2021, https://undocs.org/en/E/2021/58.
- SDGs Promotion Headquarters, “SDGs implementation guiding principles, revised edition” (temporary translation), December 22, 2016 & December 20, 2019, www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/gaiko/oda/sdgs/pdf/kaitei_2019_en.pdf.
- “Voluntary National Review 2021: Report on the implementation of 2030 Agenda,” https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/28957210714_VNR_2021_Japan.pdf; Voluntary National Review presentation of Japan at High-Level Political Forum on Sustainable Development, July 15, 2021, https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/index.php?page=view&type=30022&nr=2644&menu=3170.
- Dentsu, “Dentsu conducts fourth consumer survey on Sustainable Development Goals,” April 26, 2021, www.dentsu.co.jp/en/news/release/2021/0426-010368.html.
- Government of Japan, “Basic Act on Science, Technology and Innovation” (in Japanese), April 1, 2021, https://elaws.e-gov.go.jp/document?lawid=407AC1000000130_20210401_502AC0000000063.
- Government of Japan, “Science, Technology, and Innovation Basic Plan,” March 26, 2021, www8.cao.go.jp/cstp/english/sti_basic_plan.pdf.
- Hitachi-UTokyo Laboratory (Ed.), 2020, Society 5.0, A People-centric Super-smart Society (Singapore: Springer), https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007%2F978-981-15-2989-4.
- Philippe Larrue, “The design and implementation of mission-oriented innovation policies: A new systemic policy approach to address societal challenges,” OECD Science, Technology and Industry Policy Papers, no. 100 (2021).
- International Science Council (ISC), “A framework to unleash mission-oriented science,” High-Level Political Forum 2021, July 2021, https://council.science/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/20210524_GRC_AvJ_A-framework-to-unleash-mission-oriented-science_final-GRC.pdf.
- Global Research Council (GSC), “Principles and approach of mission-oriented research,” January 2020, www.globalresearchcouncil.org/fileadmin/documents/GRC_Publications/Sof/2020_GRC_FINAL_Statement_of_Principles_Mission-oriented_Research.pdf.
- World Science Forum, “Declaration of the 9th World Science Forum - Science, Ethics and Responsibility-,” November 23, 2019, https://worldscienceforum.org/contents/declaration-of-world-science-foru...
- Mariana Mazzucato, “Mission-oriented research and innovation in the European Union,” February 22, 2018, https://ec.europa.eu/info/publications/mission-oriented-research-innovation-eu-problem-solving-approach-fuel-innovation-led-growth_en.
- Cross-Ministerial Strategic Innovation Promotion Program, “Pioneering the Future: Japanese science, technology and innovation 2020,” www8.cao.go.jp/cstp/panhu/sip_english/sip_en.html.
- Council for Science, Technology and Innovation (CSTI), Headquarters for Healthcare Policy, “The basic approach for the Moonshot Research and Development Program” (provisional translation), December 20, 2018, www.jst.go.jp/moonshot/en/application/202002/pdf/f-policy_en20200227.pdf.
- OECD, “Mission-oriented innovation policy in Japan,” April 21, 2021, www.oecd.org/japan/mission-oriented-innovation-policy-in-japan-a93ac4d4-en.htm.
- OECD, “Addressing societal challenges using transdisciplinary research,” June 16, 2020, www.oecd.org/science/addressing-societal-challenges-using-transdisciplinary-research-0ca0ca45-en.htm.
- United Nations Interagency Task Team (IATT), “Science, technology and innovation for the SDGs Roadmaps – Framework and Working Method,” Policy Brief #1, September 2018, https://sdgs.un.org/sites/default/files/2021-05/Policy%20Brief%20No%201%20-%20STI%20for%20SDGs%20Roadmaps-%20Sep%202018.pdf.
- Guidebook for the preparation of science, technology and innovation (STI) for SDGs roadmaps, 2021, https://sdgs.un.org/sites/default/files/2021-06/GUIDEBOOK_COMPLETE_V03.pdf.
- United Nations Interagency Task Team (IATT), “Progress report of global pilot programme of STI roadmaps for the SDGs,” January 2021, https://sdgs.un.org/documents/progress-report-global-pilot-programme-sti-roadmaps-sdgs-32961.
- G20 Development Working Group (DWG), “Guiding principles for the development of science, technology, and innovation for SDGs roadmaps,” June 2019, www.mofa.go.jp/policy/economy/g20_summit/osaka19/pdf/documents/en/annex_12.pdf.
- United Nations Interagency Task Team (IATT), “Partnership in action on science, technology and innovation for SDGs roadmaps - draft for consultation,” 2020, https://sdgs.un.org/sites/default/files/2021-04/Progress%20Report%20of%20Global%20Pilot%20Programme%20of%20STI%20Roadmaps_2021_1.pdf.
- United Nations High-level Dialogue on the Partnership in Action on Science, Technology and Innovation for SDGs Roadmaps, 2021, https://sdgs.un.org/events/high-level-dialogue-partnership-action-science-technology-and-innovation-sdgs-roadmaps-33359.
- International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), “The World in 2050: Transformations to Achieve the Sustainable Development Goals,” July 10, 2018, http://pure.iiasa.ac.at/15347.
- Taro Arikawa, Ikuo Sugiyama, Yoshikazu Nakajima, Hideaki Koizumi and Taikan Oki, “The future of urban design,” in United Nations Interagency Task Team (IATT), “Emerging science, frontier technologies, and the SDGs,” May 2021, https://sdgs.un.org/sites/default/files/2021-05/IATT%20report%20on%20emerging%20techs%202021.pdf.
- Ryuichi Maruyama and Michiharu Nakamura, “Utilizing advanced sensing technologies for SDGs,” in United Nations Interagency Task Team (IATT), “Emerging science, frontier technologies, and the SDGs,” May 2021, https://sdgs.un.org/sites/default/files/2021-05/IATT%20report%20on%20emerging%20techs%202021.pdf.
- Global Taskforce of Local and Regional Governments, “Local and regional action at the heart of the High-level Political Forum 2018,” www.uclg.org/sites/default/files/report_hplf_2018.pdf.
- Institute for Global Environmental Strategies, “SDGs city reports,” www.iges.or.jp/en/projects/city-reports.
- UN ECOSOC, “Summary by the President of the Economic and Social Council of the High-level Political Forum on Sustainable Development convened under the auspices of the Council at its 2020 session,” https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/269252020_HLPF_Presidents_summary.pdf.
- United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, “The COVID-19 pandemic: a wake-up call for better cooperation at the science-policy-society interface,” Policy Brief No. 62, April 2020, www.un.org/development/desa/dpad/publication/un-desa-policy-brief-62-the-covid-19-pandemic-a-wake-up-call-for-better-cooperation-at-the-science-policy-society-interface.
- Kristiann Allen, “Lessons learned from COVID-19 for the science-policy-society interface,” in “Emerging science, frontier technologies, and the SDGs,” IATT Report for the STI Forum 2021, May 2021, https://sdgs.un.org/documents/iatt-report-2021-emerging-science-frontier-technologies-and-sdgs-perspectives-un-system; United Nations Committee of Experts on Public Administration (CEPA), “Strategy guidance note on the Science-Policy Interface,” March 2021, https://publicadministration.un.org/Portals/1/Strategy%20note%20science%20policy%20interface%20March%202021.pdf.
- William Colglazier, “Americaʼs science policy and science diplomacy after COVID-19,” Science and Diplomacy, June 28, 2020, www.sciencediplomacy.org/editorial/2020/americas-science-policy-and-science-diplomacy-after-covid-19.
- 2022 Global Young Academy Annual General Meeting and Conference, https://globalyoungacademy.net/events/2022-international-conference-of-young-scientists-and-gya-annual-general-meeting.
- Japan Association for the 2025 World Exposition, “Overview,” www.expo2025.or.jp/en/overview. | <urn:uuid:380b2bb1-d708-436e-854e-8cf22491a9cc> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.sciencediplomacy.org/article/2021/transforming-science-technology-and-innovation-sti-for-sustainable-and-resilient | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.893777 | 6,570 | 3.125 | 3 |
Playgrounds offer kids fresh air, opportunities to socialize with friends, exercise and to have good old-fashioned fun, not to mention a myriad of developmental benefits. However, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), emergency physicians see 200,000 children every year with playground-related injuries, with 75 percent occurring on public playgrounds.
While this doesn’t mean you should forgo playgrounds, pediatricians recommend following some basic guidelines to ensure safe play.
“Your local playground is a great place for children to burn off energy while developing social, emotional, mental, creative and physical skills,” says Gwendolyn Wright, MD, a pediatrician at Scripps Coastal Medical Center Hillcrest. “However, while we encourage children to get outside and play, we want to make sure they are safe.”
To get the most out of your playground experience, follow these seven tips:
Stay alert and always keep your child in sight.
“Parents can help keep their children safe and nurture positive emotional development by observing and facilitating,” says Dr. Wright. “If there is an injury, you will be right there to respond and assess the scope. Staying alert and nearby also helps to prevent children from wandering out of the area and getting lost,” says Dr. Wright.
Inspect the climbing structures, swings, slides and other apparatus for any potential hazards before allowing your children to play. For instance, S-hooks on swing chains should be firmly closed to form a figure 8. Slides should be in the shade and all equipment should be firmly anchored to the ground. Avoid any equipment that appears damaged or not maintained well.
Playgrounds should be designed for different age groups, usually infants and toddlers under 2, 2- to 5-year-olds and 5- to 12-year olds.
“Younger children should not play on equipment designed for older kids because the sizes and proportions won’t be correct, which can lead to injury,” says Dr. Wright.
“Smaller equipment and spaces can cause problems for bigger kids. Also, playing in the appropriate play area ensures that your child is playing with his or her peers and learning valuable social skills," says Dr. Wright.
Remove jewelry and clothing with drawstrings, such as drawstring pants and hooded sweatshirts, which can get caught on equipment and pose strangulation hazards. Even helmets can be dangerous on the playground, so save them for bike riding or skateboarding.
Always apply sunscreen once your baby is older than 6 months, even if it is an overcast day. Young skin is especially vulnerable and up to 80 percent of the sun’s ultraviolet rays penetrate clouds.
Before getting to the playground, talk with your children about playground rules and explain what they can and can’t do.
Encourage good manners. Basic playground etiquette for kids includes:
- No pushing or shoving
- Taking turns
- Not walking up the slide
- Sitting down on the swings
- Not throwing wood chips, dirt, rocks or sand
- Never leaving the area with anyone other than you
Explain to your children that they need to be aware of the space around the playground equipment so they don’t get kicked by someone on the swings or pushed by a child whizzing down the slide. Also, reinforce that bullying is never okay and that if they see something, they should get help from a trusted adult.
Scrapes and bruises are inevitable at the playground, but being prepared can help keep playtime on track.
“Creating a first-aid kit specifically for playground visits can help prevent mishaps from cutting playtime short,” says Dr. Wright.
Bring along some wet wipes, adhesive bandages, antibiotic ointment or cream, topical cream for a bug bite or bee sting, ibuprofen and gauze. Tweezers can come in handy for splinters and stingers, and scissors are useful for cutting gauze, tape, shoelaces and medicine packaging.
Sunscreen and insect repellent are two other items that could prove helpful. Put your playground first-aid kit in a durable and portable container.
“You can keep your visit to the playground positive by keeping your eyes on your children and setting the rules in advance,” says Dr. Wright. “Also be aware of when they’re tired, and it’s time to go.” | <urn:uuid:f5969dba-1c31-4ba3-aef7-c858c0bbedb1> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.scripps.org/news_items/6391-tips-for-playground-safety | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.949238 | 930 | 3.09375 | 3 |
------=_Part0.114990 Content-Type: text/html Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
The War Between Two Cities
Slide 1 - Long ago, a village lived happily. A crystal blue river that= led to the ocean was near the village. There were lots of fish to eat for= the villagers.
Slide 2 - Salmon was fished most often. Because the river was near the = ocean they sometimes caught crab.
Slide 3 - Kids love to play imaginary games together.
Slide 4 - Parents work hard. They fished for tasty crabs to eat. They w= ere building their homes. In their free time, they loved to dance and sing= .
Slide 5 - Everything was peaceful and everyone happy in the village unt= il they started noticing their salmon was gone, the beautiful tall trees w= ere being cut down and there was garbage all around the beautiful forest. &= #160;
Slide 6 - The chief from the village noticed villagers from a nearby vi= llage chopping down the trees and fished more than their share of salmon fr= om the river. The chief told the villagers and they were very upset. = ;
Slide 7 - The chief knew he must call in the peace makers of the forest= for help.
Slide 8 - The wolf is the peacemaker, the deer teaches people to be ki= nd and gentle, and the seagull teaches us not to be wasteful. The chiefs= from the two villages meet with the wolf, seagull and deer between two ma= gical mountains. The wolf asked the chiefs to solve their problem with a = peaceful game.
Slide 10 - The rules of the game: you can only cut trees for things yo= u really need. you can only fish enough salmon you can eat for 3 days at = a time and you must not be wasteful! With the new rules the two villages = were able to share resources and live peacefully, be friendly, kind and w= ord together. And most importantly, not be wasteful.------=_Part0.114990-- | <urn:uuid:fd359cbf-0120-4f66-a4a2-ca79de5a0877> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.setbc.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/the-war-between-two-cities-document.cdoc | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.975024 | 442 | 3.25 | 3 |
Switching transients and earth faults may lead to resonant overvoltages at wind turbine transformer terminals as well as inside High Voltage (HV) and Low Voltage (LV) windings. The winding design in a transformer could strongly influence the internal voltage distribution as function of frequency, and this has a great impact on risk of insulation failure. In this paper, resonant overvoltages in three winding designs; layer, disc and pancake, are investigated and analyzed for the application in offshore wind farm. To achieve this, a prototype 500 kVA transformer with the three winding types on the HV side and taps for voltage measurements is designed and produced. The measurements show that a HV winding of layer type gives the highest transferred voltage to the LV terminal and that this happens at 1.6 MHz which could be excited for close-up earth faults. Although disc winding seems the least vulnerable when measuring the transferred voltage to the LV terminal, it has higher potential of internal resonances in the HV winding compared to the two other types both voltage-to-ground and voltage drops. Pancake and layer windings have less vulnerability in the case of internal resonances. Pancake windings have modular design characteristic. This advantage eases the repair for offshore wind applications. © 1994-2012 IEEE. | <urn:uuid:232e0d81-4700-4d3d-8c94-93fbba4038b4> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.sintef.no/en/publications/publication/1236712/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.936762 | 261 | 2.6875 | 3 |
By the start of the next decade Google wants to make sure all the electricity it uses for its data centers and offices will be truly 100% carbon free.
Under its previous pledge the tech giant has been offsetting its consumption with direct renewable electricity purchases and the associated certificates. On paper, that allowed it to claim it used 100% renewable electricity. But when the sun doesn’t shine or the wind doesn’t blow, it’s still drawing its power from polluting fossil fuels.
The new policy will ensure that doesn’t happen again.
As part of a series of commitments on Monday, Google also said it will leverage more than $5 billion dollars of investment in 5 gigawatts of wind, solar, nuclear and other new carbon-free energy projects across its supply chain over the next decade. The company said the move will create 20,000 new jobs.
“The science is clear: The world must act now if we’re going to avert the worst consequences of climate change. We are committed to doing our part,” Sundar Pichai, Google’s chief executive officer, said in a blog post.
The announcement comes as wildfires rage across California and huge blazes darkened skies in the San Francisco Bay Area, where Google is headquartered.
To deliver clean energy around the clock Google will use a bundle of measures including pairing wind and solar projects, using more batteries to store power and investing in artificial intelligence to improve power demand and forecasting.
The decision shines a light on the inadequacy of companies using renewable energy certificates to meet their climate targets instead of directly buying power from projects.
For every renewable energy certificate bought, a company is guaranteed that someone somewhere will generate one unit of electricity using renewables. But that doesn’t mean electricity used, say at night, won’t have emissions attached to it.
So despite the certificates officially covering all of Google’s demand, its data centers are only run on clean energy for 61% of a day on average, the company estimated.
“At the most basic level, this company is going to need to double-up, or even triple-up, on clean energy purchases,” said Kyle Harrison, analyst at Bloomberg NEF.
Pichai also announced Monday that Google has offset its historical emissions, effectively clearing its carbon debts for the past 22 years. But those legacy emissions, from 1998 to 2006, are estimated to be smaller than one year of its current net operational emissions – less than 1 million tons of carbon dioxide equivalent.
“By becoming the first major tech company to commit to power its data centers with carbon-free energy around the clock, Google is setting a new high bar for the sector,” said Elizabeth Jardim, senior corporate campaigner for Greenpeace USA.
Microsoft Corp., which is also one of the world’s biggest buyers of clean power, announced a similar plan to fine tune its carbon-free target and has also pledged to eliminate its historical emissions debt. But unlike Google, it’s created new financial products that can be added onto existing power purchase agreements and reduce the risk of intermittent renewable technologies. It’s also decided to find technological and nature-based solutions to erase its past debts, instead of relying on offsets, which have proved controversial.
Future carbon goals are more important for tackling climate change, particularly in expanding companies like Google, which has seen its power demand soar by 450% since 2010, according to BloombergNEF.
The analysts estimate Google will need to buy 15.5 terawatt hours of clean power by 2030 just to keep meeting its existing 100% renewable power target. Much more will be needed to meet its new goal of round-the-clock carbon-free energy.
Google said it hopes more companies will follow suit.
“A big part of what we are aiming to do is provide a template and a blueprint, talk to people and show that it’s possible to get to carbon-free operations,” said Google spokeswoman Jenny Jamie.
Author: Jess Shankleman, Bloomberg Green | <urn:uuid:969c39b2-5327-4eaa-842f-852433bee98f> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.smartcompetition.org/google-targets-carbon-free-power-for-data-centers-by-2030/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.943402 | 841 | 2.84375 | 3 |
Annie Midori Atherton’s article in The Atlantic titled “Minimalism is Neat, But Clutter Makes a Home” explores her emotional connection to sentimental clutter in her home. Despite efforts to declutter her small apartment shared with her family, she finds herself unable to part with personally meaningful yet impractical objects.
- The author keeps certain objects like an old glass paperweight and a box of old birthday cards, which she refers to as “sentimental clutter.” These are items that hold personal significance but have no practical use.
- These items occupy valuable space in her small apartment, but she finds it difficult to part with them because they hold an emotional value.
- Even though the author acknowledges that these objects create a cluttered, mismatched look in her home, she realizes that they fulfill a deeper emotional need.
- The clutter, she states, represents every stage of her life, the lives of deceased relatives, and the life of her toddler daughter, serving as a connection to people and times that might otherwise feel lost.
- This piece poses a contrast to the minimalist trend, exploring the emotional and sentimental value of clutter in one’s living space. | <urn:uuid:8e573931-bd55-4b95-ba9d-443989e2a3f4> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.sofx.com/resisting-minimalism-embracing-memories/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.951883 | 247 | 2.515625 | 3 |
The US Fish and Wildlife Service will begin a 12-month review of the giraffe’s status as an endangered species. The global population of the giraffe has decreased 40 percent since 1965. These statistics are provided by the International Union of Conservation for Nature. Several non-profit groups filed a petition with the government to suggest a study be conducted. There are only about 68,000 adult giraffes left in the world.
US Fish and Wildlife Service will study the giraffe for 12 months to determine whether it should be listed as an endangered species. During this time, the study will listen to public comments. The review process often takes longer that 1 year. The International Humane Society says that the governments frequently misses deadlines.
Some programs that support giraffes will be funded if they become listed as an endangered species. The importing of giraffe body parts that is unregulated will be under scrunity. Their parts are used for bone carvings, clothing, pillows, boot, knife handles and more. Legal hunting has little impact on the giraffe population, it is poaching that has diminished the global population. Pro hunting organizations like the Safari Club International claim that even in countries where hunting is banned giraffe populations are declining. They say that a lack of hunting is responsible for the decrease in the giraffe population.
Sometimes hunting groups fund anti poaching projects in African countries . These groups say that making giraffes an endangered species would hurt the funds that US hunters pay for giraffe hunts. The new label could reduce funding for habitat protect and anti poaching projects funded by hunters. The US would have to change the laws concerning hunter importing giraffe parts for commercial gain.
In countries that have giraffes the animal is hunted for meat. Now, they are being hunted by residents of other countries and used for meat. One of the biggest causes of the decline in the giraffe population is loss of habitat. This is due to building roads, construction, drilling for oil, and mining. A solution might be to relocate these creatures to protected locations. Poachers kill the giraffe for its tail because it is a status symbol in some countries and, the skin is used in fashion.
The giraffe is known as the world’s tallest animal. Orange colored patches cover their body that are separated by white lines.. Tanya Serarib from the Center for Biological Diversity says that the biggest obstacle will be getting the giraffes on the endangered species list due to the many other species threatened. She is the legal director and senior attorney for this organization.
Giraffes should be listed on the endangered species because they are a uniqe and historical animal. Some interesting facts about giraffes are they only have seven bones in their long neck. Giraffes get water from the plants they eat. There are four different species of giraffes. Today giraffe are only found in sub-Saharan Africa. Their hooves are the size of a normal dinner plate. Often their horns are used by the males for fighting. Female giraffes give birth standing up.
Overall the fate of the giraffe surviving depends on conservation groups, consumers, the government, and hunting organizations working together to change the laws to protect them from extinction.
Grandpa Rudy Noorlander’s Remarkable Recovery After Grizzly Bear Attack
In the rugged wilderness of Montana, a brave 61-year-old man named Rudy Noorlander faced a terrifying encounter with a 9-foot-tall grizzly bear that left him with a ripped-off jaw. Despite this harrowing experience, Rudy’s indomitable spirit and determination to recover have amazed his family and community.
On September 8th, while helping a father and son track a shot deer in Custer Gallatin National Forest, Rudy unexpectedly crossed paths with the massive grizzly bear. In a moment of sheer surprise, the bear attacked him, resulting in what Rudy humorously described as the “most disgusting French kiss of his life.” The bear tore into his lower jaw, leaving Rudy in a life-threatening situation.
Recalling the traumatic incident, Rudy shared that the attack happened so quickly that he couldn’t deploy his bear spray in time, and a misfire from his gun further complicated the situation. Desperate to fend off the bear, Rudy resorted to using his hands, but the grizzly clamped onto his lower jaw with incredible force. Despite the unbearable pain and the bear’s rancid breath, Rudy valiantly fought for his life.
Miraculously, Rudy survived the ordeal, and he is expected to make a full recovery. Reflecting on the incident, he acknowledged that there were things he could have done differently to change the outcome, but he remains optimistic about the future. Supported by his family, including daughter Ashley, Rudy jokingly declared that he’s going to be “like Rambo out there” in the Montana wilderness.
Despite facing one of the most challenging moments of his life, Rudy Noorlander maintains a positive and resilient attitude. Describing him as the “most positive person” she knows, Ashley praised her father’s will to live and his fighting spirit. Rudy, a Montana native, owns Alpine Adventures, a snowmobile rental shop in Big Sky, and the incident has strengthened his connection with family, God, and personal growth.
With unwavering faith, Rudy believes that there is a purpose for his survival, and he plans to share his story through church devotionals and inspirational talks. He sees the attack as a turning point that has guided the rest of his life’s journey.
Jughead’s Journey: A Dog Is Rescued After Surviving With Jug On Head
In the quiet neighborhoods of Montgomery County, Texas, a furry friend named Jughead found himself in a tight spot—literally. This courageous canine had inadvertently stuck his head inside a jug, turning a simple act of scavenging for food into a perilous predicament. Little did he know, a compassionate woman named Teri Goodnight would become his guardian angel.
Jughead, a stray dog with a name as unique as his misadventure, was affectionately dubbed after the container that caused his troubles. The jug, which turned out to be a cat feeder, became a makeshift helmet for poor Jughead, restricting his vision and creating a challenging barrier to eating and drinking. Enter Teri Goodnight, a woman with a heart full of compassion and a determination to make a difference.
Teri spent an entire month, investing not only time and effort but also several hundred dollars in fuel, on a mission to rescue Jughead. His elusive nature made the task a formidable challenge, as he roamed the neighborhoods near FM 1314 and Lazy Lane in the Porter area. But Teri refused to give up.
“We took wire cutters and cut all the way around it and pulled it off of his head. So this was the only way he was able to eat and drink or see,” Teri explained. Despite the initial fear that Jughead couldn’t breathe, it became clear that he could still manage essential functions. Yet, Teri’s determination to free him from his plastic prison only intensified.
Jughead’s story is not one of despair but of resilience and triumph. Teri’s tireless efforts paid off, and Jughead, along with his friend Red, was finally captured and rescued. The jug was removed, unveiling a grateful pup who could now enjoy the simple pleasures of life without hindrance.
Reflecting on the emotional moment, Teri shared, “I literally cried for 10 minutes after I caught him, I just broke down started crying. I was relieved it was over.” Jughead’s rescue was not just a personal victory; it represented the power of kindness and the difference one person can make in the life of an innocent creature.
Now under the care of the East Texas Hoof and Paw Animal Rescue, Jughead and Red have a chance at a brighter future. Teri expressed her hope that they would find loving homes, breaking free from the challenges of street life.
“These two had a foster, they are now with a rescue so they will be vetted and adopted out and go to loving homes and not have to be street dogs anymore,” Teri joyfully shared, emphasizing the transformative impact of compassion and dedication in the world of animal rescue.
Jughead’s journey from a jug-bound wanderer to a hopeful candidate for a forever home is a testament to the remarkable bond between humans and animals, proving that sometimes, all it takes is one person with a big heart to change a life.
Sumatran Rhino Delilah Welcomes Calf – The 2nd Sumatran Rhino of 2023
In a heartening development for the conservation of Sumatran rhinos, Delilah, a critically endangered Sumatran rhino, has successfully given birth to a healthy male calf in Way Kambas National Park, Lampung province, Indonesia. This joyous occasion marks the second Sumatran rhino born in the country this year, shedding light on the dedicated efforts of the Indonesian government in preserving these magnificent creatures.
Sumatran rhinos, scientifically known as Dicerorhinus sumatrensis, are a critically endangered species native to Southeast Asia. These remarkable animals are distinguishable by their relatively small size, distinct reddish-brown fur, and two prominent horns on their snouts. Their dwindling population is primarily attributed to habitat loss, poaching, and isolation, making conservation initiatives crucial for their survival.
The newborn, a 55-pound male, is the offspring of Delilah and Harapan, a male Sumatran rhino from the Cincinnati Zoo in the United States, born in 2006. The successful birth not only brings hope for the species but also highlights the collaborative efforts between international conservation organizations and the Indonesian government.
The birth occurred 10 days earlier than the estimated delivery date, catching the conservation team by surprise. A diligent conservation guard discovered Delilah with her calf, both in good health, reaffirming the urgency of continuous monitoring and protection for these endangered creatures.
Indonesian Environment and Forestry Minister Siti Nurbaya Bakar expressed the significance of this event, stating, “This birth is also the birth of the second Sumatran rhino in 2023. It emphasizes the government commitment of the Indonesian Government on the rhino conservation efforts in Indonesia, especially the Sumatran rhino.”
The conservation team reported that the newborn calf quickly demonstrated its strength and vitality by standing upright and walking shortly after birth. Observations revealed that the calf wasted no time in adapting to its surroundings, showcasing the resilience inherent in these incredible creatures.
Delilah and her calf are now under the watchful eye of conservationists, ensuring their safety and well-being. The calf’s ability to breastfeed while standing further attests to the robust health of both mother and baby, offering a glimpse of hope for the future of Sumatran rhinos.
While this birth is undoubtedly a cause for celebration, it also underscores the continued threats faced by Sumatran rhinos. Habitat loss due to deforestation, illegal poaching for their horns, and the challenges of fragmented populations pose ongoing risks to their survival. The successful birth of Delilah’s calf serves as a reminder of the importance of ongoing conservation efforts to protect these magnificent creatures and their fragile ecosystems.
Ella, the Blue-Hued Pit Bull, Finds a Forever Home after 7 Years
In the heart of Pennsylvania, a beautiful story unfolds at the Animal Resource Center in Bloomsburg. Meet Ella, a sweet and resilient blue-hued pit bull who patiently waited for seven years to find her forever home. Her remarkable journey took an unexpected turn when Kaitlyn, a compassionate woman, stepped into the shelter and noticed a touching coincidence that would seal their destinies.
Ella, a gentle and loving pit bull, captured the hearts of the staff at the Animal Resource Center, where she became their longest-ever resident. For seven years, Ella patiently waited for someone to see the beauty within her and offer her a loving home. That someone turned out to be Kaitlyn, a woman with a heart full of love to give.
Kaitlyn, who had recently lost her beloved dog, was ready to open her heart and home to a new furry friend. The moment Kaitlyn laid eyes on Ella, a special connection sparked between them. Despite Ella’s usual fear aggression and the need for multiple visits to warm up to someone, it seemed that Ella had already chosen Kaitlyn as her person.
As Kaitlyn approached Ella, there was an unexpected surprise that left everyone in awe. Ella was wearing a bandana around her neck, a bandana that had once belonged to Kaitlyn’s late dog, Jo. Kaitlyn, overwhelmed with emotion, pulled up a photo of Jo on her phone, wearing the exact same bandana. She explained to the shelter staff that she had donated all of Jo’s belongings to the shelter when he passed away.
The realization that Ella was wearing Jo’s bandana brought tears to everyone’s eyes. Out of the 20 dogs in the shelter, somehow Jo’s bandana ended up with Ella. Kaitlyn beautifully described it as “Jo’s stamp of approval,” a sign that this unexpected connection was meant to be.
With tears of joy and a heart full of love, Kaitlyn knew that Ella was the one. The bond between them was undeniable, and that day, Ella finally left the shelter with her new forever family. Ella’s seven-year wait had come to an end, and she was now destined for a life filled with love, comfort, and the companionship she had longed for.
A Family-Owned Restaurant Fighting Toronto’s Food Crisis
In the heart of Toronto, a family-owned restaurant, Samaira’s Kitchen, is making a difference in the community by addressing the growing food crisis. As the city faces challenges of rising inflation, increased food prices, and financial struggles for many families, this restaurant has taken a unique approach to support those in need. Since November 6, locals in the neighborhood have observed an inspiring initiative where free meal tickets are posted on the restaurant’s storefront, offering a helping hand to those experiencing hunger and financial hardship.
Samaira’s Kitchen, known for its create-your-own pizzas, burgers, and calzones, is not just a place for delicious meals but also a symbol of generosity. Chef Rajish, the owner of the restaurant, shared the motivation behind this compassionate initiative, stating, “Right now, if you look around, there’s a food crisis. People are barely able to put one meal on the table for themselves. Also, with inflation and food prices, there are so many reasons. People are not able to pay rent.”
Since the launch of the initiative, Samaira’s Kitchen has prepared and provided 250 meals for those facing food insecurity. The restaurant’s storefront has become a beacon of hope, adorned with dozens of free meal tickets accompanied by a heartfelt note: “If you are hungry and have no money, these meals have been paid for in advance.” This act of kindness has not only nourished bodies but also warmed the hearts of those in the community.
Local residents have expressed their admiration for Samaira’s Kitchen and its commitment to supporting the community. One person mentioned, “First of all, the food is terrific. The pizza is the best in the neighborhood. But now I’m even more impressed to hear about their generous spirit.” Another customer, who has been a patron for years, shared, “Samaira’s is the best! We’ve been ordering from there for years. Such friendly owners, and I’m heartened to see this give back to those in need.”
For those inspired to contribute to this meaningful initiative, Chef Rajish encourages patrons to participate in a pay-it-forward meal program. Customers can purchase a meal on-site at the restaurant and have the ticket posted on the storefront for someone in need to claim. This creates a cycle of generosity, fostering a sense of community and support for those facing food insecurity in Toronto.
Samaira’s Kitchen stands as a shining example of how a family-owned restaurant can play a pivotal role in addressing a community’s food crisis. Chef Rajish and his team have demonstrated that a simple act of kindness, like providing free meals, can make a significant impact on the lives of those struggling to put food on the table. As the restaurant continues to serve not only delicious meals but also a sense of hope, it reminds us all of the power of compassion and community support in the face of challenging times.
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What Happened When This ‘Duck Dynasty’ Legend Chopped Off His Beard? | <urn:uuid:73ca555b-fcdf-460f-bb99-9343893e9604> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.sogoodly.com/giraffes-may-become-an-endangered-species/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.955625 | 3,681 | 3.453125 | 3 |
The rotational inertia of oxygen (O 2 ) is 1.95x10 -46 kgm 2 . Find the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation
The rotational inertia of oxygen (O2) is 1.95x10-46 kgm2 . Find the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation needed to excite oxygen molecules to their first rotational excited state.
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Chapter # 37
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Question Posted: March 02, 2020 10:55:17 | <urn:uuid:08828ef0-3958-4800-be73-c2bb196ee862> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.solutioninn.com/study-help/essential-university-physics/the-rotational-inertia-of-oxygen-o2-is-195x1046-kgm2--822051 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100551.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205140836-20231205170836-00300.warc.gz | en | 0.872431 | 160 | 2.859375 | 3 |
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