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Mercury_7222303 | Which basic units of matter have the same properties as an element? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"protons",
"electrons",
"atoms",
"neutrons"
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | Which basic units of matter have the same properties as an element?
Choices:
A protons
B electrons
C atoms
D neutrons | [INST] In an isotope of an element, the number of neutrons in the atom is the same as the number of neutrons in the atom of the element. True False
[/INST]
[INST] What are two ways to make an atom more stable
[ |
NYSEDREGENTS_2015_4_15 | Volume and mass are properties of | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"friction",
"light",
"matter",
"sound"
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | Volume and mass are properties of
Choices:
A friction
B light
C matter
D sound | [INST] In an experiment, a sample of nitrogen and a sample of oxygen are placed into separate containers. The volume of each container is the same. Which of the following must be true?
Choices:
A The mass of oxygen is greater than the mass of nitrogen. |
Mercury_7085418 | Which of these best describes wind energy? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"limited",
"renewable",
"damaging",
"inexpensive"
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | Which of these best describes wind energy?
Choices:
A limited
B renewable
C damaging
D inexpensive | [INST] In recent years, which of these has become the fastest growing source of renewable energy in the United States?
Choices:
A geothermal
B wind
C solar
D biomass [/INST]
[INST] Which of these is NOT an |
AKDE&ED_2008_4_33 | Many years ago, purple dye was made from some sea animals. Then, in 1856, William Perkins tried to make a new medicine. Instead, he found a way to make purple dye from coal. What is a positive effect of his discovery? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"Some diseases can be treated.",
"Purple clothing can be made.",
"Sea animals are not needed to make purple dye.",
"Perkins is famous for discovering a new medicine."
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | Many years ago, purple dye was made from some sea animals. Then, in 1856, William Perkins tried to make a new medicine. Instead, he found a way to make purple dye from coal. What is a positive effect of his discovery?
Choices:
A Some diseases can be treated.
B Purple clothing can be made.
C Sea animals are not needed to make purple dye.
D Perkins is famous for discovering a new medicine. | ## 7972857876700670286 - 244 - 2013-12-01
How do you know if a word is a verb?
[INST] Here are some words that have |
Mercury_7004638 | A certain snake species in an ecosystem eats small rodents. If a bird species is introduced into the ecosystem that also eats small rodents, which of these will most likely increase? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"parasitism",
"migration",
"mutualism",
"competition"
]
} | D | ARC-Easy | A certain snake species in an ecosystem eats small rodents. If a bird species is introduced into the ecosystem that also eats small rodents, which of these will most likely increase?
Choices:
A parasitism
B migration
C mutualism
D competition | [REV] A parasitism
A parasitism is a type of relationship in which one organism benefits at the expense of the other. In a parasitism, one organism is the parasite and the other is the host. The parasite depends on the host for food and |
Mercury_SC_401648 | The formation of the Grand Canyon has most likely taken how long? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"several years",
"hundreds of years",
"thousands of years",
"millions of years"
]
} | D | ARC-Easy | The formation of the Grand Canyon has most likely taken how long?
Choices:
A several years
B hundreds of years
C thousands of years
D millions of years | [INST] In the year 570, what did Mohammed see a vision of?
Choices:
A the angel Gabriel
B the angel St. Michael
C the angel Lucifer
D the angel St. Paul [/INST]
[INST] Who were |
VASoL_2008_3_30 | For a plant to stay alive indoors, where does it need to be placed? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"In a dry area",
"In a dark room",
"On a plant stand",
"Near a sunny place"
]
} | D | ARC-Easy | For a plant to stay alive indoors, where does it need to be placed?
Choices:
A In a dry area
B In a dark room
C On a plant stand
D Near a sunny place | [INST] Insects can be a problem in a garden. What is a good way to get rid of them?
Choices:
A Using garlic
B Using pesticides
C Using insect repellent
D Using a spray bottle [/INST]
[INST |
Mercury_LBS10706 | What kind of energy conversion occurs after a candle is lit? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"friction to electrical energy",
"light energy to heat energy",
"mass to kinetic energy",
"chemical energy to light energy"
]
} | D | ARC-Easy | What kind of energy conversion occurs after a candle is lit?
Choices:
A friction to electrical energy
B light energy to heat energy
C mass to kinetic energy
D chemical energy to light energy | [INST] In an automobile, the transmission converts ________ energy to ________ energy.
Choices:
mechanical to electrical
electrical to chemical
mechanical to heat
mechanical to mechanical [/INST]
[INST] The conversion |
AMP_2016_8_48 | In 1931, Barbara McClintock discovered that genes could change position on a chromosome. In corn plants, if a certain gene was moved next to the gene that controls kernel color, the kernels in an ear of corn were various colors. Which statement best supports McClintock's discovery? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"Genes control inherited traits in organisms.",
"Corn plants can reproduce in laboratory environments.",
"Chromosomes can move around in the nucleus of a cell.",
"Genes are able to disappear and reappear in later generations."
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | In 1931, Barbara McClintock discovered that genes could change position on a chromosome. In corn plants, if a certain gene was moved next to the gene that controls kernel color, the kernels in an ear of corn were various colors. Which statement best supports McClintock's discovery?
Choices:
A Genes control inherited traits in organisms.
B Corn plants can reproduce in laboratory environments.
C Chromosomes can move around in the nucleus of a cell.
D Genes are able to disappear and reappear in later generations. | [INST] In 1858, Gregor Mendel discovered that genes are passed from one generation to the next. In Mendel's experiments with pea plants, if a plant had blue flowers and round seeds, the plant's offspring had a 3:1 ratio of blue |
Mercury_7185185 | Blood is a fluid made up of several different parts. What level of structural organization best describes blood? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"a cell",
"a tissue",
"an organ",
"a system"
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | Blood is a fluid made up of several different parts. What level of structural organization best describes blood?
Choices:
A a cell
B a tissue
C an organ
D a system | [INST] In the blood, red blood cells carry oxygen and carry carbon dioxide away from the body.
Which of the following describes the function of red blood cells?
Choices:
A red blood cells produce oxygen for the body.
B red blood cells help to remove |
Mercury_7234028 | Which property is thought to characterize objects in the Oort Cloud? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"They are composed mostly of iron.",
"They are composed mostly of ice.",
"They regularly revolve near the Sun.",
"They regularly replenish water on Earth."
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | Which property is thought to characterize objects in the Oort Cloud?
Choices:
A They are composed mostly of iron.
B They are composed mostly of ice.
C They regularly revolve near the Sun.
D They regularly replenish water on Earth. | [INST] In the year 2000, the NASA Deep Space 1 spacecraft was used to study the comet
[INST] [INST] [INST] [INST]
[INST] [INST] [INST] [INST]
Choices:
A E |
Mercury_SC_400523 | Decaying plants and animals are important to an ecosystem because they | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"cause disease in living organisms.",
"reduce soil erosion.",
"recycle oxygen to the air.",
"return nutrients to the soil."
]
} | D | ARC-Easy | Decaying plants and animals are important to an ecosystem because they
Choices:
A cause disease in living organisms.
B reduce soil erosion.
C recycle oxygen to the air.
D return nutrients to the soil. | ## Answer:
The correct answer is [D] return nutrients to the soil.
## Explanation
[INST] Decaying plants and animals are important to an ecosystem because they
- A cause disease in living organisms.
- B reduce soil eros |
Mercury_SC_400532 | Which type of energy does a radiator give off ? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"heat",
"light",
"solar",
"electrical"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | Which type of energy does a radiator give off ?
Choices:
A heat
B light
C solar
D electrical | [INST] In an electric circuit, the current is measured in _______.
Choices:
A volts
B amps
C watts
D ohms [/INST]
[INST] Which energy source is easiest to store ?
Choices: |
Mercury_7085313 | A student identifies a soil sample as "very gritty." What characteristic of the soil did the student describe? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"texture",
"hardness",
"organic content",
"water retention"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | A student identifies a soil sample as "very gritty." What characteristic of the soil did the student describe?
Choices:
A texture
B hardness
C organic content
D water retention | [INST] In an experiment about percolation, a student finds that water passes through a soil sample in 24 hours. Which of the following soil properties should the student note?
Choices:
A organic content
B pH
C permeability
D texture [/ |
Mercury_SC_409676 | James read that plants benefit animals by changing the atmosphere. How do plants most likely change the atmosphere in a way that is beneficial for animals? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"Plants release oxygen.",
"Plants absorb sunlight.",
"Plants produce heat energy.",
"Plants make carbon dioxide."
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | James read that plants benefit animals by changing the atmosphere. How do plants most likely change the atmosphere in a way that is beneficial for animals?
Choices:
A Plants release oxygen.
B Plants absorb sunlight.
C Plants produce heat energy.
D Plants make carbon dioxide. | ## Answer:
[ANS] A Plants release oxygen. [/ANS]
[STATS] Difficulty: 1.0
Frequency: 1
Number of times utilized: 1 [/STATS]
## Explanation:
[ |
MCAS_2005_9_19-v1 | Which of the following is the primary way that evergreen trees planted on the north and west sides of residences in Massachusetts help reduce winter heating costs? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"They insulate against cold air.",
"They optimize solar heating.",
"They reduce radiant cooling.",
"They act as a windbreak."
]
} | D | ARC-Easy | Which of the following is the primary way that evergreen trees planted on the north and west sides of residences in Massachusetts help reduce winter heating costs?
Choices:
A They insulate against cold air.
B They optimize solar heating.
C They reduce radiant cooling.
D They act as a windbreak. | [INST] In passive solar heating, the primary source of heat is:
Choices:
A Direct solar radiation
B Waste heat from appliances
C Heat stored in building materials
D Heat stored in the ground [/INST]
[INST] This figure shows the path |
Mercury_7115290 | After a volcanic eruption, it takes a long time for large ecosystems to fully recover. Which statement best explains why the development takes so long? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"Space is limited for growth.",
"The quality of light is low.",
"Soil must be created.",
"Minerals are destroyed."
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | After a volcanic eruption, it takes a long time for large ecosystems to fully recover. Which statement best explains why the development takes so long?
Choices:
A Space is limited for growth.
B The quality of light is low.
C Soil must be created.
D Minerals are destroyed. | [INST] In an experiment about photosynthesis, plants are exposed to a low light intensity. This causes which of the following to occur?
Choices:
A The rate of photosynthesis is decreased.
B The rate of photosynthesis is increased. |
MDSA_2009_8_32 | Science students investigated the cause of the different phases of the moon. The model that would best demonstrate the cause of the phases of the moon would include representations of | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"the moon and Earth",
"the moon and the sun",
"the moon, the sun, and Earth",
"the moon, the sun, and Venus"
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | Science students investigated the cause of the different phases of the moon. The model that would best demonstrate the cause of the phases of the moon would include representations of
Choices:
A the moon and Earth
B the moon and the sun
C the moon, the sun, and Earth
D the moon, the sun, and Venus | [INST] In an experiment about the cause of the phases of the moon, a model was used to represent the moon and Earth. The model that would best represent the cause of the phases of the moon would include
Choices:
A a light bulb and a small mirror
B a |
MCAS_2011_8_17681 | Which of the following is the main reason water at the surface of the ocean is warmer than water at the bottom of the ocean? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"Water at the bottom of the ocean contains more dissolved solids.",
"Water at the surface of the ocean absorbs more energy from the Sun.",
"Friction is created by fast moving currents at the surface of the ocean.",
"Wave action transfers heat from the bottom of the ocean to the surface."
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | Which of the following is the main reason water at the surface of the ocean is warmer than water at the bottom of the ocean?
Choices:
A Water at the bottom of the ocean contains more dissolved solids.
B Water at the surface of the ocean absorbs more energy from the Sun.
C Friction is created by fast moving currents at the surface of the ocean.
D Wave action transfers heat from the bottom of the ocean to the surface. | [INST] In an aquatic environment, what is the most important factor that affects the amount of light available for aquatic plants?
Choices:
A Water temperature
B Water depth
C Turbidity
D Water composition [/INST]
[INST] What is the |
Mercury_7252403 | A population of ground squirrels has established a community in the grasslands of the Great Plains. Temperatures often reach -15°C for most of the winter. What is the most likely behavior the ground squirrels use to survive these winter temperatures? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"burrowing below the frost point of the soil surface",
"burrowing in tree trunks above the soil surface",
"consuming roots found under the soil surface",
"consuming organisms found in the soil surface"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | A population of ground squirrels has established a community in the grasslands of the Great Plains. Temperatures often reach -15°C for most of the winter. What is the most likely behavior the ground squirrels use to survive these winter temperatures?
Choices:
A burrowing below the frost point of the soil surface
B burrowing in tree trunks above the soil surface
C consuming roots found under the soil surface
D consuming organisms found in the soil surface | [INST] Insects can be found in a variety of environments. Where are locusts found?
Choices:
A the desert
B the prairie
C the forest
D the grassland [/INST]
[INST] Which of the following is an |
TIMSS_2003_4_pg13 | Which plant is grown for food? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"Rice",
"Tobacco",
"Orchid",
"Cotton"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | Which plant is grown for food?
Choices:
A Rice
B Tobacco
C Orchid
D Cotton | [INST] Insects can be harmful to plants. For instance, they may:
A. Eat the leaves
B. Eat the roots
C. Eat the flowers
D. Eat the seeds [/INST]
[INST] Which plant is grown for fib |
Mercury_SC_400034 | Isaac Newton is best known for his study of | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"motion.",
"weather.",
"body systems.",
"the history of Earth."
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | Isaac Newton is best known for his study of
Choices:
A motion.
B weather.
C body systems.
D the history of Earth. | [INST] In 1857, a British physician named Joseph Lister wrote a paper in which he documented the results of
Choices:
A studying the effects of air pollution on human health.
B studying the effects of infection and germs on the human body.
C |
Mercury_7218663 | Which difference between water and ice results in ice floating on cold water? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"heat",
"shape",
"density",
"volume"
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | Which difference between water and ice results in ice floating on cold water?
Choices:
A heat
B shape
C density
D volume | [INST] In an experiment about the difference between water and ice, ice is placed in a beaker of water. The ice melts. The water level rises. What causes this to happen?
Choices:
A The ice adds heat to the water.
B The ice adds |
TIMSS_2011_8_pg98 | What is the chemical formula for carbon dioxide? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"CO",
"CO2",
"C",
"O2"
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | What is the chemical formula for carbon dioxide?
Choices:
A CO
B CO2
C C
D O2 | [INST] In an experiment, a sample of nitrogen and oxygen were mixed. What was the ratio of the mass of nitrogen to the mass of oxygen?
A 1 to 1
B 1 to 2
C 1 to 4
D 2 to 1 |
Mercury_SC_414087 | Some pea plants always have peas with smooth skin. Other pea plants always have peas with wrinkled skin. How can a student best predict which kind of pea will grow from a seed that is planted? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"by checking the amount of water in the soil",
"by checking how often the pea plant receives sunlight",
"by checking how much space the plant will have to grow",
"by checking the type of peas growing on the parent plants"
]
} | D | ARC-Easy | Some pea plants always have peas with smooth skin. Other pea plants always have peas with wrinkled skin. How can a student best predict which kind of pea will grow from a seed that is planted?
Choices:
A by checking the amount of water in the soil
B by checking how often the pea plant receives sunlight
C by checking how much space the plant will have to grow
D by checking the type of peas growing on the parent plants | [HINT] This is about plants, not people. The type of peas a plant grows is determined by its genes, which are passed on from the parents. Peas with smooth skin are called round peas; peas with wrinkled skin are called wrinkled peas. [/HINT] |
MEA_2013_5_7 | Which object is best seen with a microscope? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"human cell",
"cow heart",
"oak leaf",
"chicken leg"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | Which object is best seen with a microscope?
Choices:
A human cell
B cow heart
C oak leaf
D chicken leg | [INST] Insects can perceive light in a way that humans cannot. What is the light that insects perceive?
Choices:
Ultraviolet light
Infrared light
X-rays
Gamma rays [/INST]
[INST |
MCAS_2010_5_11995 | Corals are small marine organisms that live in groups and make hard outer skeletons to protect their bodies. Over time, these outer skeletons can build up to make large coral reefs. Which of the following statements best describes one way the formation of a coral reef changes the ocean ecosystem? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"It makes the ocean water saltier.",
"It removes sand from the ocean floor.",
"It causes ocean waves to become stronger.",
"It creates a habitat for some ocean animals."
]
} | D | ARC-Easy | Corals are small marine organisms that live in groups and make hard outer skeletons to protect their bodies. Over time, these outer skeletons can build up to make large coral reefs. Which of the following statements best describes one way the formation of a coral reef changes the ocean ecosystem?
Choices:
A It makes the ocean water saltier.
B It removes sand from the ocean floor.
C It causes ocean waves to become stronger.
D It creates a habitat for some ocean animals. | [INST] Insects can be a nuisance and carry diseases, but they also play an important role in the environment. Which of the following best describes a way in which insects are beneficial to the environment?
Choices:
A They make good pets.
B They have |
Mercury_7234343 | Which difference between land and water contributes most directly to global climate change resulting from tectonic movement? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"mean material densities",
"magnetic material content",
"heat absorption and retention properties",
"rate of radioactivity-related heat release"
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | Which difference between land and water contributes most directly to global climate change resulting from tectonic movement?
Choices:
A mean material densities
B magnetic material content
C heat absorption and retention properties
D rate of radioactivity-related heat release | [INST] In an area of high relief, which would be the best way to determine the presence of a fault?
Choices:
A by the presence of a geologically old rock type at the surface
B by the presence of a geologically young rock type at the surface
C |
OHAT_2007_5_12 | A student places a ball on the ground and kicks it. The ball moves along the ground. Why does the ball move? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"The kick decreases the weight of the ball.",
"The kick applies a contact force to the ball.",
"The kick decreases the force of gravity acting on the ball.",
"The kick removes friction between the ball and the ground."
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | A student places a ball on the ground and kicks it. The ball moves along the ground. Why does the ball move?
Choices:
A The kick decreases the weight of the ball.
B The kick applies a contact force to the ball.
C The kick decreases the force of gravity acting on the ball.
D The kick removes friction between the ball and the ground. | [INST] A student observes that the ball continues to move even after the kicker lets go. The student concludes that the applied force must move with the ball. What is wrong with this conclusion?
Choices:
A A force cannot be applied through space.
B The ball |
Mercury_7009818 | Louis Pasteur's work in the nineteenth century on pasteurization greatly improved | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"the quality of food.",
"the prediction of weather.",
"the availability of medication.",
"the effectiveness of vaccinations."
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | Louis Pasteur's work in the nineteenth century on pasteurization greatly improved
Choices:
A the quality of food.
B the prediction of weather.
C the availability of medication.
D the effectiveness of vaccinations. | [INST] In the nineteenth century, the work of Louis Pasteur greatly improved
Choices:
A the quality of food.
B the prediction of weather.
C the availability of medication.
D the effectiveness of vaccinations. [/INST]
[INST] In |
VASoL_2009_5_12 | What kind of energy do all moving objects have? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"Light energy",
"Solar energy",
"Kinetic energy",
"Renewable energy"
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | What kind of energy do all moving objects have?
Choices:
A Light energy
B Solar energy
C Kinetic energy
D Renewable energy | [INST] In an experiment about kinetic energy, a ball is dropped from a height of 1 meter. The ball hits the floor with a speed of 4 meters per second. What is the kinetic energy of the ball?
A 4 joules
B 12 jou |
Mercury_7010063 | Ocean currents, like the Gulf Stream, affect world climate by | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"spreading plant and animal life over a wider area.",
"ensuring ocean density is not the same globally.",
"carrying sediment from rivers and inland basins.",
"transferring heat to and from various regions."
]
} | D | ARC-Easy | Ocean currents, like the Gulf Stream, affect world climate by
Choices:
A spreading plant and animal life over a wider area.
B ensuring ocean density is not the same globally.
C carrying sediment from rivers and inland basins.
D transferring heat to and from various regions. | [INST] In the year 540 C.E., the Eastern Roman Empire was invaded by
Choices:
A the Goths.
B the Normans.
C the Huns.
D the Mongols. [/INST]
[INST] |
Mercury_SC_LBS10620 | Which would be best seen through a telescope? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"a moon",
"a cell",
"a light ray",
"a molecule"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | Which would be best seen through a telescope?
Choices:
A a moon
B a cell
C a light ray
D a molecule | [INST] In which of the following situations would a telescope be used?
Choices:
A to see a comet
B to see a cell
C to see a molecule
D to see a star [/INST]
[INST] This is a photograph taken |
Mercury_412755 | An enclosed 20 mL metal cylinder was filled with a gas sample at room temperature. The sample then was transferred to an empty 40 mL enclosed container, also at room temperature. After being transferred, the volume of the gas was | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"10 mL.",
"20 mL.",
"30 mL.",
"40 mL."
]
} | D | ARC-Easy | An enclosed 20 mL metal cylinder was filled with a gas sample at room temperature. The sample then was transferred to an empty 40 mL enclosed container, also at room temperature. After being transferred, the volume of the gas was
Choices:
A 10 mL.
B 20 mL.
C 30 mL.
D 40 mL. | Question 17.
Which of the following statements about the two containers is correct?
Choices:
A The initial temperature of the gas is the same in both containers.
B The initial pressure of the gas is the same in both containers.
C The initial volume of the gas |
Mercury_7159425 | After a storm, a hospital may have to rely on backup generators to power some equipment. Which is the energy conversion provided by the generators? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"mechanical energy to electrical energy",
"thermal energy to mechanical energy",
"nuclear energy to mechanical energy",
"thermal energy to electrical energy"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | After a storm, a hospital may have to rely on backup generators to power some equipment. Which is the energy conversion provided by the generators?
Choices:
A mechanical energy to electrical energy
B thermal energy to mechanical energy
C nuclear energy to mechanical energy
D thermal energy to electrical energy | [REV] Answer: D
After a storm, a hospital may have to rely on backup generators to power some equipment. Generators convert thermal energy into electrical energy, which they then use to power the hospital’s equipment. [/REV]
### Topic: |
Mercury_7222320 | The rover Spirit is a robotic probe that NASA has placed on Mars. The gravitational attraction of Mars is approximately 62% less than that of Earth. Compared to its measurements on Earth, on Mars the probe has | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"the same weight and the same mass.",
"a larger weight, but smaller mass.",
"a smaller mass and larger weight.",
"a smaller weight and the same mass."
]
} | D | ARC-Easy | The rover Spirit is a robotic probe that NASA has placed on Mars. The gravitational attraction of Mars is approximately 62% less than that of Earth. Compared to its measurements on Earth, on Mars the probe has
Choices:
A the same weight and the same mass.
B a larger weight, but smaller mass.
C a smaller mass and larger weight.
D a smaller weight and the same mass. | [INST] In an experiment, a sample of nitrogen and a sample of a mixture of helium and nitrogen are placed in two separate containers. The containers are then evacuated to a vacuum. The sample of nitrogen is heated until all of the nitrogen has evaporated. The sample |
Mercury_7268205 | Which of these is the basic building block of complex organisms? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"a cell",
"a tissue",
"an organ",
"an organ system"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | Which of these is the basic building block of complex organisms?
Choices:
A a cell
B a tissue
C an organ
D an organ system | [INST] In an organism, the basic unit that has a complete membrane and is capable of reproducing itself is a
[/INST]
[INST] In which of these is the cellular membrane not present?
Choices:
A an organ
B |
MCAS_8_2014_13 | Carbon dioxide produced by cells is removed from the body primarily by which body system? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"digestive",
"excretory",
"immune",
"respiratory"
]
} | D | ARC-Easy | Carbon dioxide produced by cells is removed from the body primarily by which body system?
Choices:
A digestive
B excretory
C immune
D respiratory | [INST] In the blood, which of the following substances does NOT perform a gaseous exchange?
Choices:
A oxygen
B carbon dioxide
C carbon monoxide
D nitrogen [/INST]
[INST] Which of the following is an |
Mercury_SC_400118 | In order for electricity from a battery to power a light bulb, the wire has to provide the electricity a path to do what? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"flow through the entire closed circuit",
"charge the air molecules near the circuit",
"jump from one battery terminal to the other",
"change the chemical properties of the wire"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | In order for electricity from a battery to power a light bulb, the wire has to provide the electricity a path to do what?
Choices:
A flow through the entire closed circuit
B charge the air molecules near the circuit
C jump from one battery terminal to the other
D change the chemical properties of the wire | [INST] In order for a battery to work, what must happen?
Choices:
A electrons must flow from the positive terminal to the negative terminal
B electrons must flow from the negative terminal to the positive terminal
C oxygen and hydrogen must flow from the positive terminal to |
Mercury_SC_401164 | Plants store energy in what form? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"heat",
"light",
"chemical",
"mechanical"
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | Plants store energy in what form?
Choices:
A heat
B light
C chemical
D mechanical | [INST] In anaerobic respiration, what does the cell use for energy?
Choices:
A glucose
B oxygen
C ATP
D both B and C [/INST]
[INST] Oxygen is produced during which of the following |
MEA_2013_5_11 | A scientist compares ancient animal tracks to modern animal tracks. Which conclusion is the scientist most likely to reach? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"Some ancient animals and some modern animals walk on four legs.",
"Most ancient animals and most modern animals hunt animals for food.",
"The same animals that lived long ago also live today.",
"All animals can walk."
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | A scientist compares ancient animal tracks to modern animal tracks. Which conclusion is the scientist most likely to reach?
Choices:
A Some ancient animals and some modern animals walk on four legs.
B Most ancient animals and most modern animals hunt animals for food.
C The same animals that lived long ago also live today.
D All animals can walk. | [INST] In the past, scientists believed that people walked on two legs. What conclusion did they come to from this?
Choices:
A People were small, but they did not run away from danger.
B People did not have time to run away from danger.
C People |
Mercury_416642 | Which protist has starch granules in its cytoplasm? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"amoeba",
"euglena",
"paramecium",
"volvox"
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | Which protist has starch granules in its cytoplasm?
Choices:
A amoeba
B euglena
C paramecium
D volvox | [INST] In which protist does the chloroplast carry out photosynthesis?
Choices:
A amoeba
B euglena
C paramecium
D volvox [/INST]
[INST] Which protist has |
Mercury_SC_406543 | A student performed an experiment to see how long it would take for a cup of water to freeze. Which information would another student most likely need in order to perform the same experiment? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"the time to begin",
"the volume of the cup",
"the temperature of the ice",
"the type of thermometer to use"
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | A student performed an experiment to see how long it would take for a cup of water to freeze. Which information would another student most likely need in order to perform the same experiment?
Choices:
A the time to begin
B the volume of the cup
C the temperature of the ice
D the type of thermometer to use | [INST] In an experiment about the effects of gravity on plants, a student compares the growth of plants from seeds in a weightless environment with the growth of plants from seeds in a gravitational environment. Which information would another student most likely need in order to duplicate the experiment?
Choices |
Mercury_411809 | Which term correctly describes all of the following materials? salt water, vinegar, bronze, air, beach sand | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"compounds",
"mixtures",
"solutions",
"elements"
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | Which term correctly describes all of the following materials? salt water, vinegar, bronze, air, beach sand
Choices:
A compounds
B mixtures
C solutions
D elements | [INST] Which term correctly describes all of the following materials? water, sand, iron, salt, wood
Choices:
A elements
B mixtures
C compounds
D solutions [/INST]
[INST] An element that is a component of a material is called |
Mercury_7114923 | Clownfish take shelter in the tentacles of sea anemones and keep sea anemones clean. Which type of relationship does this represent? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"parasitism",
"commensalism",
"mutualism",
"neutralism"
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | Clownfish take shelter in the tentacles of sea anemones and keep sea anemones clean. Which type of relationship does this represent?
Choices:
A parasitism
B commensalism
C mutualism
D neutralism | ## 79728578_670067028671344_6781377400144892719_n.jpg
[INST] In the above scenario, the an |
MCAS_2004_5_16 | Jonas needs to split a log. He has a sledge hammer. What other tool should he also use to split the log? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"a lever",
"a pulley",
"a wedge",
"a fulcrum"
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | Jonas needs to split a log. He has a sledge hammer. What other tool should he also use to split the log?
Choices:
A a lever
B a pulley
C a wedge
D a fulcrum | [INST] In an arch bridge, the roadway is supported by:
A a beam
B a truss
C a beam and a truss
D a beam, a truss, and two arches [/INST]
[INST] In an arch bridge, the weight of |
MDSA_2009_4_24 | A leaf is covered in mud during a landslide. After one million years, this leaf will most likely be ___. | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"a fossil",
"an animal species",
"a new plant species",
"a nonrenewable fuel"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | A leaf is covered in mud during a landslide. After one million years, this leaf will most likely be ___.
Choices:
A a fossil
B an animal species
C a new plant species
D a nonrenewable fuel | ## Answer:
The correct answer is A a fossil. After one million years, this leaf will most likely be a fossil.
## Explanation:
Fossils are the remains, or impressions, of dead organisms. Fossils are created when an organ |
Mercury_SC_400177 | Which material best conducts heat and electricity? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"metal",
"plastic",
"rubber",
"wood"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | Which material best conducts heat and electricity?
Choices:
A metal
B plastic
C rubber
D wood | [INST] Which material is a good insulator?
Choices:
A metal
B plastic
C rubber
D wood [/INST]
[INST] Which material holds heat the best?
Choices:
A metal
B plastic
C rubber
D |
Mercury_7213045 | As temperatures increase, which process is responsible for increasing the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"ionization",
"evaporation",
"respiration",
"condensation"
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | As temperatures increase, which process is responsible for increasing the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere?
Choices:
A ionization
B evaporation
C respiration
D condensation | [INST] In an experiment, a sample of nitrogen and a sample of oxygen are placed into separate containers. The containers are heated. Eventually, both containers become warm, but they do not heat at the same rate. Which conclusion can be drawn from this experiment?
A Both containers have |
Mercury_405943 | Which part makes a plant cell different from an animal cell? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"cell membrane",
"cell wall",
"cytoplasm",
"nucleus"
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | Which part makes a plant cell different from an animal cell?
Choices:
A cell membrane
B cell wall
C cytoplasm
D nucleus | [INST] In an animal cell, the fluid inside the cell is called:
Choices:
A cytoplasm
B nucleus
C cell wall
D extracellular fluid [/INST]
[INST] A cell is the smallest unit of life that: |
Mercury_7128870 | A teacher uses an instrument that records decibel levels. What is the teacher measuring? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"noise levels",
"intensity of light",
"relative humidity",
"types of thermal energy"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | A teacher uses an instrument that records decibel levels. What is the teacher measuring?
Choices:
A noise levels
B intensity of light
C relative humidity
D types of thermal energy | [INST] In an experiment about temperature, what is the independent variable?
Choices:
A the temperature of the room
B the volume of the liquid
C the amount of heat added to the liquid
D the mass of the liquid [/INST]
[INST] What |
Mercury_SC_415390 | Erin wants to make a strong, light chair. Which natural material should she use? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"iron",
"granite",
"clay",
"wood"
]
} | D | ARC-Easy | Erin wants to make a strong, light chair. Which natural material should she use?
Choices:
A iron
B granite
C clay
D wood | [INST] Insects can be a nuisance and carry disease. What is the best way to prevent insects from getting into your house?
Choices:
A use a flyswatter
B use a screen door
C spray insecticide
D clean your house regularly [ |
Mercury_SC_408857 | Nicole is learning about the characteristics of different vertebrates. Which is a common characteristic of mammals? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"They all live on land.",
"They all have hair or fur.",
"They are all good swimmers.",
"They all live in warm climates."
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | Nicole is learning about the characteristics of different vertebrates. Which is a common characteristic of mammals?
Choices:
A They all live on land.
B They all have hair or fur.
C They are all good swimmers.
D They all live in warm climates. | [INST] Insects can be either terrestrial or aquatic. What is the difference between the two?
Choices:
A Terrestrial insects live on land. Aquatic insects live in the water.
B Terrestrial insects travel by land. Aqu |
Mercury_7216090 | Which is the best example of a parasitic relationship? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"a woodpecker nesting in a cavity of a dead tree",
"a tapeworm absorbing food in the digestive tract of a wolf",
"a polar bear hunting a seal for food",
"a hummingbird transferring pollen between flowers"
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | Which is the best example of a parasitic relationship?
Choices:
A a woodpecker nesting in a cavity of a dead tree
B a tapeworm absorbing food in the digestive tract of a wolf
C a polar bear hunting a seal for food
D a hummingbird transferring pollen between flowers | [INST] Insects can be a nuisance and carry disease, but they also provide many benefits. Which choice lists the most benefits that insects provide?
A they are a major food source for other animals
B they pollinate plants and flowers
C they are the primary decomposers |
MSA_2012_8_34 | Sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) are two reactive and dangerous elements. Chlorine is a halogen gas that can cause respiratory damage and sodium is an alkali metal that reacts violently with water. What happens to the properties of sodium and chlorine when they react to form sodium chloride (NaCl), common table salt? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"The properties of both sodium and chlorine change.",
"The properties of both sodium and chlorine remain the same.",
"The properties of sodium are different but chlorine remains a dangerous gas.",
"The properties of sodium remain the same but the properties of chlorine change."
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | Sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) are two reactive and dangerous elements. Chlorine is a halogen gas that can cause respiratory damage and sodium is an alkali metal that reacts violently with water. What happens to the properties of sodium and chlorine when they react to form sodium chloride (NaCl), common table salt?
Choices:
A The properties of both sodium and chlorine change.
B The properties of both sodium and chlorine remain the same.
C The properties of sodium are different but chlorine remains a dangerous gas.
D The properties of sodium remain the same but the properties of chlorine change. | ## Solution:
The properties of both sodium and chlorine change.
When sodium and chlorine react to form sodium chloride, they form a compound with different properties from the ones of the two elements. Sodium chloride is a white, crystall |
Mercury_SC_401642 | A marine iguana is an animal that lives on the shoreline of warm islands. Its tail is long and thick. Which of these is improved by the shape of its tail? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"swimming in the ocean",
"blending in with rocks",
"absorbing nutrients",
"finding food inland"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | A marine iguana is an animal that lives on the shoreline of warm islands. Its tail is long and thick. Which of these is improved by the shape of its tail?
Choices:
A swimming in the ocean
B blending in with rocks
C absorbing nutrients
D finding food inland | ## Answer:
The correct answer is [B] blending in with rocks.
## Explanation:
The marine iguana’s tail is long and thick which helps it to blend in with the rocks on the island. Its tail is an adaptation which allows it to move |
Mercury_7018078 | The sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom is called the | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"valence.",
"mass number.",
"chemical property.",
"electrical charge."
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | The sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom is called the
Choices:
A valence.
B mass number.
C chemical property.
D electrical charge. | [INST] In an isotope of an element, the number of neutrons in the nucleus can be
Choices:
A greater than the number of protons.
B equal to the number of protons.
C less than the number of protons.
D any |
Mercury_401187 | The boiling point of water in degrees Celsius is | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"0°C.",
"32°C.",
"100°C.",
"212°C."
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | The boiling point of water in degrees Celsius is
Choices:
A 0°C.
B 32°C.
C 100°C.
D 212°C. | [SOL]
[STEP 1] The boiling point of water is the temperature at which it boils.
[STEP 2] The boiling point of water in degrees Celsius is 100°C.
[ANS]
[ |
MCAS_2005_9_11 | Two boxes, A and B, both contain the same number of nitrogen gas molecules. The gas molecules in box A have twice the average speed of the molecules in box B. Which of the following best describes the nitrogen gas in box A? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"The nitrogen gas in box A has a greater mass than the nitrogen gas in box B.",
"The nitrogen gas in box A has a greater density than the nitrogen gas in box B.",
"The nitrogen gas in box A has a greater temperature than the nitrogen gas in box B.",
"The nitrogen gas in box A has a greater specific gravity than the nitrogen gas in box B."
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | Two boxes, A and B, both contain the same number of nitrogen gas molecules. The gas molecules in box A have twice the average speed of the molecules in box B. Which of the following best describes the nitrogen gas in box A?
Choices:
A The nitrogen gas in box A has a greater mass than the nitrogen gas in box B.
B The nitrogen gas in box A has a greater density than the nitrogen gas in box B.
C The nitrogen gas in box A has a greater temperature than the nitrogen gas in box B.
D The nitrogen gas in box A has a greater specific gravity than the nitrogen gas in box B. | [REV]
[/REV] |
Mercury_7003623 | Copper, silver, and nickel are all classified as | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"noble gases.",
"transition metals.",
"halogens.",
"nonmetals."
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | Copper, silver, and nickel are all classified as
Choices:
A noble gases.
B transition metals.
C halogens.
D nonmetals. | Question 1 of 128
[INST] In the figure above, a drop of water was placed on a slide and viewed using a microscope. Which of the following is the best way to explain the shape of the drop?
Choices:
A The water molecules are attracted to |
Mercury_7197890 | Animal cells perform functions using energy that is derived from glucose (C6H12O6). Which molecule is required for animal cells to obtain the most energy possible from a molecule of glucose? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"water",
"oxygen",
"lactic acid",
"carbon dioxide"
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | Animal cells perform functions using energy that is derived from glucose (C6H12O6). Which molecule is required for animal cells to obtain the most energy possible from a molecule of glucose?
Choices:
A water
B oxygen
C lactic acid
D carbon dioxide | [REV]
[/REV]
[ANS] B [/ANS]
[STQ]
[/STQ] |
Mercury_7092365 | The theory of plate tectonics provides the current explanation for the way in which | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"stars change.",
"continents move.",
"rocks are formed.",
"tides are produced."
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | The theory of plate tectonics provides the current explanation for the way in which
Choices:
A stars change.
B continents move.
C rocks are formed.
D tides are produced. | [INST] In the theory of plate tectonics, scientists believe that a continent is formed when
Choices:
A the ocean floor is uplifted.
B the ocean floor cools and spreads out.
C the ocean floor is pushed down.
D the |
Mercury_SC_413631 | Which of these correctly identifies the way materials are transported in a plant? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"Xylem carries water from the roots to the leaves.",
"Phloem carries minerals from the roots to the leaves.",
"Xylem carries sugars from the flowers to the stems.",
"Phloem carries water from the flowers to the stems."
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | Which of these correctly identifies the way materials are transported in a plant?
Choices:
A Xylem carries water from the roots to the leaves.
B Phloem carries minerals from the roots to the leaves.
C Xylem carries sugars from the flowers to the stems.
D Phloem carries water from the flowers to the stems. | [INST] In a plant, which of these correctly describes the role of phloem?
Choices:
A Xylem carries water from the roots to the leaves.
B Phloem carries minerals from the roots to the leaves.
C Xylem carries sugars |
Mercury_7098543 | What major and potentially catastrophic events can be predicted to occur in the Northern Hemisphere between the months of June and November? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"tsunamis",
"hurricanes",
"asteroid impacts",
"volcanic eruptions"
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | What major and potentially catastrophic events can be predicted to occur in the Northern Hemisphere between the months of June and November?
Choices:
A tsunamis
B hurricanes
C asteroid impacts
D volcanic eruptions | [INST] In June 2018, a tsunami with a run-up height of 34 feet occurred on the island of Anatahan. What causes this to happen?
Choices:
A a volcanic eruption
B an asteroid impact |
TIMSS_2007_4_pg64 | Which is the best source of vitamins and minerals? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"fruits and vegetables",
"bread, rice, and pasta",
"milk and milk products",
"meat, fish, and poultry"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | Which is the best source of vitamins and minerals?
Choices:
A fruits and vegetables
B bread, rice, and pasta
C milk and milk products
D meat, fish, and poultry | [INST] Which of the following is the most important substance in water?
Choices:
A oxygen
B hydrogen
C fluorine
D chlorine [/INST]
[INST] Which is the best source of carbohydrates?
Ch |
Mercury_SC_408556 | Evan is performing an investigation. Before conducting his investigation, what must Evan do? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"record his observations",
"develop a hypothesis",
"reach a conclusion",
"organize the data"
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | Evan is performing an investigation. Before conducting his investigation, what must Evan do?
Choices:
A record his observations
B develop a hypothesis
C reach a conclusion
D organize the data | [INST] In an investigation, which of the following is NOT part of the engineering design process?
Choices:
A Planning
B Modeling
C Testing
D Evaluating [/INST]
[INST] An individual who is conducting an investigation must follow the scientific |
FCAT_2008_5_7 | Erosion and weathering can both cause changes to the surface of Earth. Which of the following happens only because of erosion and NOT because of weathering? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"Rocks form deep underground.",
"Rocks become smooth and round.",
"Rocks are broken apart into small pieces.",
"Rocks are moved from one place to another."
]
} | D | ARC-Easy | Erosion and weathering can both cause changes to the surface of Earth. Which of the following happens only because of erosion and NOT because of weathering?
Choices:
A Rocks form deep underground.
B Rocks become smooth and round.
C Rocks are broken apart into small pieces.
D Rocks are moved from one place to another. | [INST] Weathering can break down rocks into smaller and smaller pieces. What is the best way to describe this process?
[MC] A Wearing away
B Breaking down
C Washing away
D Wearing off[/MC][/INST]
[INST] |
Mercury_400799 | A computer model of an insect population takes into account the following parameters: * available food resources * annual temperature variation * timing of insect reproductive cycles Which additional parameter would most significantly improve the model's accuracy when predicting the insect population size? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"decomposers recycling dead insects",
"annual variation in oxygen availability",
"activities of predators preying on insects",
"variation in barometric pressure"
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | A computer model of an insect population takes into account the following parameters: * available food resources * annual temperature variation * timing of insect reproductive cycles Which additional parameter would most significantly improve the model's accuracy when predicting the insect population size?
Choices:
A decomposers recycling dead insects
B annual variation in oxygen availability
C activities of predators preying on insects
D variation in barometric pressure | ## 7 answers
[INST] [/INST] [INST] a [/INST] [INST] B [/INST] [INST] C [/INST] [INST] D [/INST] [INST] A [/INST] [INST] C [/INST] [ |
Mercury_SC_LBS10388 | What is the green pigment that allows plants to change the Sun's energy into chemical energy? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"glucose",
"chlorophyll",
"mitochondria",
"photosynthesis"
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | What is the green pigment that allows plants to change the Sun's energy into chemical energy?
Choices:
A glucose
B chlorophyll
C mitochondria
D photosynthesis | [INST] In photosynthesis, what is the process of using energy from sunlight to split water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen?
Choices:
A light reaction
B dark reaction
C carbon fixation
D ATP synthesis [/INST]
[INST |
Mercury_SC_405783 | Every organism in an ecosystem receives energy from another source. Which of these organisms receives its energy directly from the Sun? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"deer",
"fungus",
"grass",
"hawk"
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | Every organism in an ecosystem receives energy from another source. Which of these organisms receives its energy directly from the Sun?
Choices:
A deer
B fungus
C grass
D hawk | [INST] In an ecosystem, which of these organisms receives its energy directly from the Sun?
A deer B fungus C grass D hawk [/INST]
[INST] In an ecosystem, which of these organisms receives its energy directly from the Sun?
[ |
Mercury_SC_400662 | A few types of birds live in the same ecosystem. Which of these characteristics would most likely affect how they compete with each other for food? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"the types of nests they build",
"the lengths of their tails",
"the shapes of their beaks",
"the colors of their feathers"
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | A few types of birds live in the same ecosystem. Which of these characteristics would most likely affect how they compete with each other for food?
Choices:
A the types of nests they build
B the lengths of their tails
C the shapes of their beaks
D the colors of their feathers | [INST] Insects can be a nuisance and even dangerous. What are some ways to reduce the harm caused by insects?
Choices:
A spraying insecticides on outdoor plants
B wearing long-sleeved shirts outdoors
C using an |
Mercury_7144498 | Researchers are investigating whether dinosaurs were endothermic like birds. Which evidence from the fossil record could be effectively compared with modern day evidence to support this hypothesis? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"similarities in bone structure",
"seasonal shifts in food supply",
"consumption of the same plant species",
"tree rings indicating the return of a similar climate"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | Researchers are investigating whether dinosaurs were endothermic like birds. Which evidence from the fossil record could be effectively compared with modern day evidence to support this hypothesis?
Choices:
A similarities in bone structure
B seasonal shifts in food supply
C consumption of the same plant species
D tree rings indicating the return of a similar climate | ## 79% of students solved this question correctly.
[QUESTION] Researchers are investigating whether dinosaurs were endothermic like birds. Which evidence from the fossil record could be effectively compared with modern day evidence to support this hypothesis?
Choices: |
Mercury_7199045 | Anita heats a beaker containing water. As the temperature of the water increases, which change to the water molecules occurs? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"The molecules move at a faster rate.",
"The molecules become more massive.",
"The molecules expand and become wider.",
"The molecules separate into atoms of hydrogen and oxygen."
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | Anita heats a beaker containing water. As the temperature of the water increases, which change to the water molecules occurs?
Choices:
A The molecules move at a faster rate.
B The molecules become more massive.
C The molecules expand and become wider.
D The molecules separate into atoms of hydrogen and oxygen. | [INST] In an experiment, a sample of nitrogen gas was mixed with a sample of oxygen gas. The mixture was then heated to 1000$^0$C. What physical change occurred?
Choices:
A The mixture became more compact.
B The mixture |
Mercury_7098053 | When the fuel in a gasoline engine is burned, the energy conversion is from | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"chemical to thermal.",
"potential to nuclear.",
"thermal to potential.",
"electrical to kinetic."
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | When the fuel in a gasoline engine is burned, the energy conversion is from
Choices:
A chemical to thermal.
B potential to nuclear.
C thermal to potential.
D electrical to kinetic. | When the fuel in a gasoline engine is burned, the energy conversion is from a chemical form (gasoline) to a thermal form (gas). The exhaust gases that come out of the engine are at a higher temperature than the air that went into it, which is why the exhaust gases feel hot |
NYSEDREGENTS_2012_8_5 | Which human organ system produces most of the hormones that regulate body functions? | {
"label": [
"1",
"2",
"3",
"4"
],
"text": [
"digestive",
"nervous",
"muscular",
"endocrine"
]
} | 4 | ARC-Easy | Which human organ system produces most of the hormones that regulate body functions?
Choices:
1 digestive
2 nervous
3 muscular
4 endocrine | [INST] In humans, the pancreas is part of which system?
Choices:
1 digestive
2 endocrine
3 nervous
4 circulatory [/INST]
[INST] Which human organ produces the hormone insulin?
Cho |
Mercury_7239698 | Research has shown that specialization of stem cells into specific cell types results, in part, from cell shape. What provides a specialized cell with its shape? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"number of mitochondria",
"presence of a nucleus",
"structure of the cytoskeleton",
"salt concentration of cytoplasm"
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | Research has shown that specialization of stem cells into specific cell types results, in part, from cell shape. What provides a specialized cell with its shape?
Choices:
A number of mitochondria
B presence of a nucleus
C structure of the cytoskeleton
D salt concentration of cytoplasm | [REV] Cell shape can be influenced by the number and type of membrane-bound organelles. The cell shown is a nerve cell that has a large number of small, round mitochondria.
[/REV] |
Mercury_SC_405074 | Deer are plants-eaters. A winter storm kills many of the plants deer eat. The storm will most likely result in the deer | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"shedding a lot of fur.",
"traveling in a herd.",
"becoming thin.",
"feeding on meat."
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | Deer are plants-eaters. A winter storm kills many of the plants deer eat. The storm will most likely result in the deer
Choices:
A shedding a lot of fur.
B traveling in a herd.
C becoming thin.
D feeding on meat. | [INST] Insects can be either beneficial or harmful. The insects that are harmful are called pests. Pests may either be
Choices:
A insects that are harmful to plants.
B insects that are harmful to humans.
C insects that are harmful |
MCAS_2011_5_17668 | Which of the following statements best describes sandy soils? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"Sandy soils allow water to drain quickly.",
"Sandy soils easily break down into clay sediments.",
"Sandy soils hold plant roots tightly in place to prevent erosion.",
"Sandy soils have high levels of decomposed plant and animal matter."
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | Which of the following statements best describes sandy soils?
Choices:
A Sandy soils allow water to drain quickly.
B Sandy soils easily break down into clay sediments.
C Sandy soils hold plant roots tightly in place to prevent erosion.
D Sandy soils have high levels of decomposed plant and animal matter. | [INST] Which of the following statements best describes clay soils?
Choices:
A Clay soils allow water to drain quickly.
B Clay soils easily break down into sand sediments.
C Clay soils hold plant roots tightly in place to prevent erosion. |
Mercury_7113978 | What is the most likely result of large-scale agricultural fertilization on aquatic systems? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"increased fish populations",
"more biodiversity over time",
"less oxygen available for fish",
"reduced water levels"
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | What is the most likely result of large-scale agricultural fertilization on aquatic systems?
Choices:
A increased fish populations
B more biodiversity over time
C less oxygen available for fish
D reduced water levels | [INST] In an aquatic system, what is the most likely effect of a large increase in the number of aquatic plants?
Choices:
A reduced biodiversity
B reduced oxygen levels
C increased water levels
D decreased fish populations [/INST] |
Mercury_SC_LBS10946 | When both a dominant and recessive gene are present, which of the following is true? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"The dominant trait will be visible.",
"The recessive trait will be visible.",
"Neither trait will be visible.",
"It cannot be predicted which trait will be visible."
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | When both a dominant and recessive gene are present, which of the following is true?
Choices:
A The dominant trait will be visible.
B The recessive trait will be visible.
C Neither trait will be visible.
D It cannot be predicted which trait will be visible. | [INST] In humans, the recessive allele for color blindness is found on the X chromosome. A man with the allele for color blindness marries a woman with normal vision. What is the probability that the couple’s first child will be color blind?
Ch |
CSZ_2004_5_CSZ20156 | Which list gives the correct order of food traveling through the digestive system after it is swallowed? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"stomach, esophagus, large intestine, small intestine.",
"small intestine, large intestine, esophagus, stomach.",
"esophagus, stomach, large intestine, small intestine.",
"esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine."
]
} | D | ARC-Easy | Which list gives the correct order of food traveling through the digestive system after it is swallowed?
Choices:
A stomach, esophagus, large intestine, small intestine.
B small intestine, large intestine, esophagus, stomach.
C esophagus, stomach, large intestine, small intestine.
D esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine. | [INST] In the digestion of food, which substance is produced by the salivary glands?
Choices:
Bile.
Lactic acid.
Saliva.
Pepsin.[/INST]
[INST] In the digestive system, which substance |
Mercury_7219695 | Scientists found trilobite and brachiopod index fossils in cliffs a great distance apart from each other. What can scientists infer about the rocks in which these fossils were found? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"the age of the rock",
"the slope of the rock",
"the density of the rock",
"the weathering of the rock"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | Scientists found trilobite and brachiopod index fossils in cliffs a great distance apart from each other. What can scientists infer about the rocks in which these fossils were found?
Choices:
A the age of the rock
B the slope of the rock
C the density of the rock
D the weathering of the rock | [INST] In an experiment about the effects of distance on the speed of sound, scientists set up speakers in a straight line and played a tone that moved from one speaker to another. The scientists then measured the speed at which the sound traveled from each speaker to the next. What can the scientists infer from their |
LEAP_2004_4_10260 | Which object in the sky is a satellite of the planet Earth? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"Sun",
"Moon",
"Mars",
"Saturn"
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | Which object in the sky is a satellite of the planet Earth?
Choices:
A Sun
B Moon
C Mars
D Saturn | [INST] In which year did Voyager 2 reach Neptune?
Choices:
A 1978
B 1980
C 1982
D 1984 [/INST]
[INST] How far |
TIMSS_2011_8_pg23 | The following waste materials are buried in a landfill. Which will break down most quickly? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"steel",
"plastic",
"glass",
"paper"
]
} | D | ARC-Easy | The following waste materials are buried in a landfill. Which will break down most quickly?
Choices:
A steel
B plastic
C glass
D paper | [INST] In an experiment about the effects of gravity on plants, a researcher uses a _________.
Choices:
A microscope
B telescope
C microgravity
D microscope [/INST]
[INST] In an experiment about the effects of gravity |
Mercury_7166950 | Stars appear to be blue, white, yellow, and red, even without the aid of a telescope. What causes the different colors of the stars? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"the surface temperature",
"the distance from Earth",
"the distance from the Sun",
"the gases that compose the star"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | Stars appear to be blue, white, yellow, and red, even without the aid of a telescope. What causes the different colors of the stars?
Choices:
A the surface temperature
B the distance from Earth
C the distance from the Sun
D the gases that compose the star | [INST] In the year 1781, William Herschel discovered a planet that was 1.8 times larger than the Earth. This planet was named Neptune. What is the diameter of Neptune?
Choices:
A 15,27 |
Mercury_7235848 | The breakdown of ozone into oxygen results from the electromagnetic absorption spectrum of ozone. This production of oxygen in the ozone layer is caused by exposing ozone to a strong source of which type of electromagnetic radiation? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"radio waves",
"microwaves",
"infrared light",
"ultraviolet light"
]
} | D | ARC-Easy | The breakdown of ozone into oxygen results from the electromagnetic absorption spectrum of ozone. This production of oxygen in the ozone layer is caused by exposing ozone to a strong source of which type of electromagnetic radiation?
Choices:
A radio waves
B microwaves
C infrared light
D ultraviolet light | [REV] Electromagnetic radiation is an energy that travels in waves. The waves can be measured in terms of their wavelength, or the distance between two successive wave peaks. The range of electromagnetic waves is known as the electromagnetic spectrum.
Electromagnetic radiation is |
Mercury_SC_400164 | What is the best way for a scientist to begin an investigation on a population of deer? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"typing results into a computer",
"intuition",
"writing facts in a field notebook",
"observing the deer in their own habitat"
]
} | D | ARC-Easy | What is the best way for a scientist to begin an investigation on a population of deer?
Choices:
A typing results into a computer
B intuition
C writing facts in a field notebook
D observing the deer in their own habitat | [INST] In an investigation about deer, what might be an example of a hypothesis?
Choices:
A. The deer population is increasing.
B. The deer population is decreasing.
C. The deer population is increasing or decreasing.
D. The deer population is |
NYSEDREGENTS_2008_8_29 | The surface of Earth is covered mostly by | {
"label": [
"1",
"2",
"3",
"4"
],
"text": [
"solid rock",
"molten rock",
"ice",
"water"
]
} | 4 | ARC-Easy | The surface of Earth is covered mostly by
Choices:
1 solid rock
2 molten rock
3 ice
4 water | [INST] Insects can be found in almost every habitat on Earth. What are they?
Choices:
1 animals
2 plants
3 microbes
4 fungi [/INST]
[INST] What is the main reason that the oceans are salty? |
Mercury_SC_405120 | A coach is standing at the finish line of a race. He is holding a stopwatch. What is the coach most likely measuring with the stopwatch? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"the time of day",
"the distance of the race",
"the time it took to run the race",
"the number of steps taken by the runners"
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | A coach is standing at the finish line of a race. He is holding a stopwatch. What is the coach most likely measuring with the stopwatch?
Choices:
A the time of day
B the distance of the race
C the time it took to run the race
D the number of steps taken by the runners | [INST] In the year 1800, the population of the United States was about 5.3 million. In the year 1900, it was 76.2 million. By the year 2000, it had reached 281.4 |
Mercury_SC_415369 | Moths undergo complete metamorphosis. Which stages does a moth's life cycle include? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"egg, larva, and pupa",
"egg, nymph, and pupa",
"nymph, larva, and pupa",
"nymph, egg, and larva"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | Moths undergo complete metamorphosis. Which stages does a moth's life cycle include?
Choices:
A egg, larva, and pupa
B egg, nymph, and pupa
C nymph, larva, and pupa
D nymph, egg, and larva | [INST] Insects can be grouped by their body type. Which of the following is one of the 4 basic body types?
Choices:
flattened
long and slender
round
spiny [/INST]
[INST] Which of the following |
Mercury_176820 | In which of these organs does most absorption of nutrients take place? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"liver",
"stomach",
"small intestine",
"large intestine"
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | In which of these organs does most absorption of nutrients take place?
Choices:
A liver
B stomach
C small intestine
D large intestine | [INST] In which of these organs does most absorption of nutrients take place?
Choices:
A liver
B stomach
C small intestine
D large intestine
[/INST]
[INST] In which of these organs does most absorption |
MCAS_2012_8_23650 | A ship has a satellite communication device to identify the ship's position at sea. For which of the following activities is this device most likely used? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"control",
"guidance",
"propulsion",
"suspension"
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | A ship has a satellite communication device to identify the ship's position at sea. For which of the following activities is this device most likely used?
Choices:
A control
B guidance
C propulsion
D suspension | [INST] In an integrated circuit, the active component that conducts current is a _____.
Choices:
A. capacitor
B. inductor
C. resistor
D. switch [/INST]
[INST] In an integrated circuit, the active component |
Mercury_401583 | A model of an atom includes red marbles for electrons, green marbles for protons, and blue marbles for neutrons. All marbles have a radius of 2 cm. How could the model be changed to represent more properties of an atom? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"by using smaller marbles to represent electrons",
"by using two marbles to represent each neutron",
"by using two differently colored marbles for protons",
"by switching the colors of the marbles"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | A model of an atom includes red marbles for electrons, green marbles for protons, and blue marbles for neutrons. All marbles have a radius of 2 cm. How could the model be changed to represent more properties of an atom?
Choices:
A by using smaller marbles to represent electrons
B by using two marbles to represent each neutron
C by using two differently colored marbles for protons
D by switching the colors of the marbles | [REV] This is a difficult question. It would be good to see a model with the new marbles. [/REV] |
Mercury_179200 | Often organisms seem similar in their outward appearances. For example, a porpoise and a shark seem closely related, but they are not. Such similarity is the result of | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"convergent evolution.",
"adaptive radiation.",
"artificial selection.",
"genetic equilibrium."
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | Often organisms seem similar in their outward appearances. For example, a porpoise and a shark seem closely related, but they are not. Such similarity is the result of
Choices:
A convergent evolution.
B adaptive radiation.
C artificial selection.
D genetic equilibrium. | [INST] Insects can be grouped by their body parts into orders. What is the advantage of grouping insects in this way?
Choices:
A. The similarities between the insects are obvious.
B. The insects can be more easily identified. |
Mercury_7270043 | Most electricity in the United States is generated using coal, natural gas, nuclear energy, or hydropower. Which of these add carbon dioxide to the atmosphere? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"coal and natural gas",
"natural gas and nuclear energy",
"nuclear energy and hydropower",
"hydropower and coal"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | Most electricity in the United States is generated using coal, natural gas, nuclear energy, or hydropower. Which of these add carbon dioxide to the atmosphere?
Choices:
A coal and natural gas
B natural gas and nuclear energy
C nuclear energy and hydropower
D hydropower and coal | [HINT] Coal is a fossil fuel, meaning that it comes from a previously living organism. The process of burning coal to generate energy releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
[REVEAL]
The correct answer is A.
[EXPLAIN] |
Mercury_7093013 | Plant leaves have tiny pores. These pores help plants release water from their tissues into the | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"lithosphere.",
"biosphere.",
"hydrosphere.",
"atmosphere."
]
} | D | ARC-Easy | Plant leaves have tiny pores. These pores help plants release water from their tissues into the
Choices:
A lithosphere.
B biosphere.
C hydrosphere.
D atmosphere. | [INST] Insects can taste the pores in plants. After they taste the pores, they start eating the leaves.
[/INST]
[INST] Insects can taste the pores in plants. After they taste the pores, they start eating the
Cho |
TIMSS_2007_8_pg102 | Which is NOT an example of a chemical change? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"Melting ice",
"corroding silver",
"Burning match",
"Rotting vegetation"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | Which is NOT an example of a chemical change?
Choices:
A Melting ice
B corroding silver
C Burning match
D Rotting vegetation | [INST] Which of the following is the solution?
Choices:
A 6.0 M HCl
B 0.20 M HCl
C 0.020 M HCl
D 0.0060 M HCl
[ |
Mercury_7220483 | Some jet airplanes fly in a layer of the atmosphere where temperature generally increases with altitude. What is this layer of the atmosphere? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"mesosphere",
"stratosphere",
"thermosphere",
"troposphere"
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | Some jet airplanes fly in a layer of the atmosphere where temperature generally increases with altitude. What is this layer of the atmosphere?
Choices:
A mesosphere
B stratosphere
C thermosphere
D troposphere | [INST] In the troposphere the temperature generally decreases with altitude. What is the troposphere?
Choices:
A mesosphere
B stratosphere
C thermosphere
D troposphere [/INST]
[INST] What is the |
AIMS_2009_4_13 | All animals need air to survive. An insect gets air through tiny holes on the sides of its body. A whale breathes through a blow hole. What body part do fish use to breathe? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"gills",
"skin",
"nose",
"mouth"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | All animals need air to survive. An insect gets air through tiny holes on the sides of its body. A whale breathes through a blow hole. What body part do fish use to breathe?
Choices:
A gills
B skin
C nose
D mouth | [ANS][/ANS]
[EXP] [/EXP]
[ANS]A gills
[EXP] Gills are the small, usually feathery extensions of the skin of fish and other aquatic animals, which extract dissolved oxygen from the surrounding water |
NYSEDREGENTS_2012_4_11 | Which property of an object describes how easily electricity travels through it? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"color",
"temperature",
"reflectivity",
"conductivity"
]
} | D | ARC-Easy | Which property of an object describes how easily electricity travels through it?
Choices:
A color
B temperature
C reflectivity
D conductivity | [INST] In an electric circuit, the resistor that has the highest resistance will have the _______________ current.
Choices:
A) smallest
B) largest
C) lowest
D) highest [/INST]
[INST] When you turn on an electric |
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