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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20717561,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24235106,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26648823,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25048083 | Has "RNA interference" been awarded Nobel prize? | Since the first unequivocal description of RNA interference (RNAi) in 1998, it has remained one of the hottest topics under investigation, culminating in the award of a Nobel Prize to its discoverers in 2006. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24141881 | Is there any role for Pds5b in cohesion establishment? | Yes. Pds5 proteins are essential for cohesion establishment by allowing Smc3 acetylation by the cohesin acetyl transferases (CoATs) Esco1/2 and binding of Sororin. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18556582 | Which factors are considered in the FUNC score for intracerebral hemorrhage? | FUNC score includes Age, Glasgow Coma Scale, ICH location, volume and pre-ICH cognitive impairment. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27830641,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27912054 | Where is the respirasome located? | Respirasomes are macromolecular assemblies of the respiratory chain complexes I, III and IV in the inner mitochondrial membrane. The 4.0 Å cryo-EM structure of one of the most intricate enzyme systems, the respirasome, in the mitochondrial inner membrane is now available. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25961860 | Describe the usefulness of MiRduplexSVM. | MiRduplexSVM is a high-performing miRNA-duplex prediction and evaluation methodology. It's a method that combines a unique problem representation and an unbiased optimization protocol to learn from mirBase19.0 an accurate predictive model. It is the first model that provides precise information about all four ends of the miRNA duplex. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15940369,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22011642,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25136070,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17967130,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23646137,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26695699,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24047559,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11076054,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23599718,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15288357,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23229308,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19795179,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26621707,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19400542,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16080294,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25413979,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16753021,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18830232,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24705252,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17477807,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18328989,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19929436,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22408438,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26058333,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22977237,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26896819,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9042799,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26626181,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16831905,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26333933,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11140409,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22408652 | What genes are drug targets for Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva (FOP)? | Recently, FOP has been associated with a specific mutation of ACVR1, the gene coding for a bone morphogenetic protein type I receptor. here, it is noted that if b cells are found to be the lymphocytes responsible for excess bmp-4 production in fop, use of rituximab, a monoclonal anti-cd20 antibody which effectively targets b cells, could be a less permanent and less risky treatment alternative for fop.Inhibitors of ALK2(ACVR1) are used for the treatment of FOP. Current therapies for FOP are Dorsomorphin analogues which function as BMP inhibitor. if B cells control excess BMP-4 production in FOP, use of Rituximab, a monoclonal which targets B cells, could be a treatment alternative for FOP. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26819472,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26058579,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27380722,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23153116,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25477242 | What kind of analyses are performed with the software tool "unipept" | The Unipept web application (http://unipept.ugent.be) supports biodiversity analysis of large and complex metaproteome samples using tryptic peptide information obtained from shotgun MS/MS experiments. The application designed for metaproteomics analysis with a focus on interactive datavisualization. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18320103,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26559975,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24900409,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17298085,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15766275,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19299585,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19958468,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18063223,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23316412,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20035833,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18038124,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17560791,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16675392,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15992373,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19625750,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16804564,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23379308,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18393798,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20445084,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16944319,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19376115,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19181896,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21487536,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20129170,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20600609 | What is the role of gamma-secreatase complex in Alzheimer's Disease? | The gamma-secretase complex has a decisive role in the development of Alzheimer's disease, as it cleaves a precursor protein to create the amyloid beta peptide whose aggregates form the senile plaques encountered in the brains of patients. Gamma-secretase is a member of the intramembrane-cleaving proteases which process their transmembrane substrates within the bilayer. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25971175,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22174915,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8981698,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6823113,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23840513,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21339912,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7702105,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20199465,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17878817,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1480396,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8092450,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24194866,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12825064,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3792843,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16814183,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16826074,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14166458 | Which syndromes are associated with heterochromia iridum? | The syndromes that are associated with heterochromia iridum are:
1) Ascher's syndrome
2) Waardenburg Syndrome type II (WS2)
3) Horner's syndrome. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22004765,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18505735,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24452657,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27936977,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25326242,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21130822,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23628600,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21696889,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21420111,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24830649,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24809946,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27381034,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23707270,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24691709,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21802499,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25527221,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25073573,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20942668,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20140821,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23010344,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26962464,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26940379,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25594611,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23028238,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23852695 | What is the target of tanezumab? | Tanezumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody against nerve growth factor. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12767832,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25827401,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21334328,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11841219,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17727268,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16838300,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15181345,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19472268,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21136953,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14636976,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8816746,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26214367,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24975562,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23466235,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16054370,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12435452,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16138859,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15011947,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25719272,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22242846,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21382523,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20056606,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24468190,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26566224,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19437467,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9561244,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21760810,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17585371,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24983235,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27718413,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21428877,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18442137 | Could plasmepsins be used as targets for developing anti-malaria drugs? | Yes, plasmepsins, which are essential Plasmodium proteases, could be highly promising anti-malarial drug targets. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18347206,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8851953,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26684366,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22291965,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15472807,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24267132,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27025639,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25240872,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17581935,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15884297,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27721155,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27112442,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19130105,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19777772,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21075466,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19732087,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19162372,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27736763,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21571749,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19252301,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23756924,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23824338,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24322533,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22814471,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19129414,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20071545,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26047024,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25108628,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26812054,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22176801,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27450316,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23405883,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24850346,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25648247,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19828738,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25865979,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20861339,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19710260,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25113379,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12723397,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17385151,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24045390,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19506056,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15060266,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20524852,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20071548,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17537949,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17121622 | What is MRSA? | community-associated methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (ca-mrsa) has become a severe health concern because of its treatment difficulties.Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become a severe health concern because of its treatment difficulties.(MRSA, methicillin-resistant S. aureus) |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26780731,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27613306,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27914015,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27139140,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27098412,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27520322 | List peptide fragmentations methods in mass spectrometry | CID, HCD, ECD, ETD and PSD are different peptide fragmentation technologies used in mass spectrometry. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23321580,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27121186,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25591992,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25684196,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22704456,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23521325,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23955441,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22448738,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22857780,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22248153,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23219537,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22788525,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25455484,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24589460,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26784833,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22759639,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27377089,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25801159,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25582903,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24259695,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24331245,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26316720,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24701971,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23590161 | Is avanafil indicated for treatment of erectile dysfunction? | Yes, avanafil is indicated for treatment of erectile dysfunction. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27808276,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26501195,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26176336,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27911721,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27172004,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26733207,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25370990 | What is "Epitranscriptome analysis"? | Modified nucleotides in messenger RNA (mRNA) have been discovered over 40 years ago, but until recently little was known about which transcripts contain them and what their function is. High-throughput sequencing approaches revealed a dynamic landscape of the 'Epitranscriptome' for many mRNA modifications in various organisms from yeast to humans.
The detection methods of RNA modifications has enabled investigation of a new layer of gene regulation - the epitranscriptome. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25845860,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26061040,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26900902,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24693866,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27398859,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20854207,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25880636,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24449442,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14693562,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24901365,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19029331,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26732684,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24862093,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20574411,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26837628,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19388819,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26514157,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19623693,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25079391,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26963505,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21109069,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22708075,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23360246,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23965226,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23177261,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18086845,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19958831,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25089538 | Which infection can be prevented with Dapivirine? | Vaginal ring containing Dapivirine is used for HIV prevention in women. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26853725,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25043395,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26603630,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27109566,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27808594,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27923519,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23472347,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25161192,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26686570,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25713028,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26788734,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26788735,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21615224,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27163398,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26304221,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25301037,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27002504,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25368410,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26379162,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27573083,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27521232,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25986879,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23811804,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24631075,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26068564,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26433141,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24141209,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23575646,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24815780,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24462403,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22426368,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27302338,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25325113,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23954380,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24807056,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24284038,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26487381,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26126001,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25882169 | What is Bexsero? | Bexsero is a 4-component vaccine against capsular Meningococcus serogroup B (4CMenB), which has recently been licensed in Europe, Canada and Australia.Bexsero is amulticomponent vaccine against serogroup B Neisseria meningitidis (MenB). |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7841817,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8517190,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18188146,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25165567,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21150752,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24093580,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12856488,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24099662,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18081480,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25050687,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10099102,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23872618,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23829816,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19996247,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15554782,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18835422,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10069581,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25054836,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27903196 | Is there a role for gamma knife in treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder? | Yes. Gamma knife radiosurgery is being increasingly to treat refractory obsessive- compulsive disorder (OCD). It is reserved for severe, treatment-refractory disease that has not responded to multiple treatments. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23292513,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27939359,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8914439,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25793062,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21147283,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26166607 | What is the mechanism of action of the biguanide class of diabetes drugs? | this biguanide is an oral insulin-sensitizing agent capable of increasing insulin sensitivity and decreasing plasma fasting insulin levels.Bioguaides like Metformin, decrease amount of glucose released from liver and increases insulin sensitivity. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9799224,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26743630,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17428875,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9321388,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16371511,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15791592,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11734567,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11295498,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7957966,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22411744,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10995887,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20026058,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18948196,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10502681,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20491623,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9050876,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21976669,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17977463,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25413350,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22458048,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11175258,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9804081,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10657252 | Where is the proteasome located? | The proteasome can be found in perinuclear and nuclear location, as well as in cytosolic compartments, such as mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. Proteasome-mediated degradation of cell cycle regulatory proteins, production and loading of antigenic peptides onto HLA molecules, and transient homing of diverse virion proteins required for entry and/or egress have been also shown to be coordinated at the centrosome. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26078671,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15956886,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2345102,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12838436,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27011410,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23825859,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21548659,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4059144,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26137346,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23723552,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26101006,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19030312,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19192020,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18417404,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16023271,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23580908,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3627621,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20204908,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/921453,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10966177,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11475645 | What is clinical presentation of the Gardner-Diamond syndrome? | Psychogenic purpura, also known as Gardner-Diamond syndrome, is a rare, distinctive, localized cutaneous reaction pattern mostly affecting psychologically disturbed adult women. Repeated crops of tender, ill-defined ecchymotic lesions on the extremities and external bleeding from other sites characterize the condition. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24697862,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17080461,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9783284,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22336122,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25744329,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16917665,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16955671,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22581081,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11601571,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25650797,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21772799,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8604741,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17667093,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8827557 | Where can you find the annulus of Zinn? | Annulus of Zinn is in the orbit. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26131212,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27595674,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25181036,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25150868,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25563221 | What is the indication for SLCO1B1 genotyping? | HMG Co-A reductase inhibitors, commonly known as statins, also display wide interindividual variability in plasma concentration, response and toxicity due in part to polymorphisms in transporter genes, including SLCO1B1 and ABCG2. The SLCO1B1*5 variant is a risk factor for statin side effects and exhibits statin-specific effects: highest with simvastatin/atorvastatin and lowest with pravastatin/rosuvastatin. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26657634 | List available circular RNA prediction tools. | circRNA_finder, find_circ, CIRCexplorer, CIRI, and MapSplice. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26823478,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27939059,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26865511 | Which disease is treated with Nusinersen? | Nusinersen us used for treatment of Spinal Muscular Atrophy. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17431643,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20409323,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10525535,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16426772,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20523046,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15380017,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24145776,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27421117,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21389247,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22171952,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16467370,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24524897,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17215062,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15197738,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23747045,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15314265,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19771217,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25108425,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20025930,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10500121 | Which disease the London mutation involved in? | London mutation that is the missense mutation in exon 17 of the amyloid precursor protein gene on chromosome 21 (Val717Ile) is involved in Alzheimer's Disease. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26207516,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26166759,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25994219,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26004516,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26142536,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27729273 | Define lncRNA. | Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) represent a newly discovered class of regulatory molecules that impact a variety of biological processes in cells and organ systems. In humans, it is estimated that there may be more than twice as many lncRNA genes than protein-coding genes. However, only a handful of lncRNAs have been analyzed in detail.
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as key molecules in cancers, yet their potential molecular mechanisms are not well understood.
long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), the largest family of noncoding transcripts, have emerged as common regulators of many cellular stressors; including heat shock, metabolic deprivation and DNA damage. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26613639,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26908163,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26627987,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26945826 | How many microorganisms are present in human normal gut? | Human gut microbiota is home to 10 to 100 trillions microorganisms. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25635706 | What is the role of 3,4-diaminobenzoic acid derivatives in the immune system? | 3,4-diaminobenzoic acid derivatives are inhibitors of the oxytocinase subfamily of M1 aminopeptidases with immune-regulating properties. Cell-based analysis indicated that the lead compounds can be effective in downregulating macrophage activation induced by lipopolysaccharide and interferon-γ as well as cross-presentation by bone marrow-derived dendritic cells. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22503982,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26728380,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17962358,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17046555,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19819434,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1324836,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15271858,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12424096,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16393992,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15308331,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25920934,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18195159,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24794531,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21693104,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24037962,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22134950,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11755128,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20698853,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16741139,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17341601,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19892012,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15845907,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3800872,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17662968,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17904225,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23229789,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21159852,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12867501,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19281832,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2121828,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15346654,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25666589,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20860666 | Can NADPH oxidase be inhibited by apocynin and diphenylene iodonium? | Yes, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase can be inhibited by apocynin or diphenylene iodonium (DPI). |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7848104,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20010208,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19618339,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1393513,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15182325,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18379734,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9223130,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2894813,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18252102,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24586232 | Viliuisk encephalomyelitis is diagnosed in which geographical area? | Viliuisk encephalomyelitis (VE) is an endemic neurological disease in Northeast Siberia and generally considered to be a chronic encephalomyelitis of unknown origin actually spreading in the Sakha (Yakutian) Republic. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25293760,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23163726,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12023038,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8636235,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18586950,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11238387,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22815479,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18541672,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23204191,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8791410,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27473901,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17922164,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24367716,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27048593,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16857012,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27044893,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24664283,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22767579,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20517926,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26051489,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26700173,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21824004,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26780475,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15214843,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24768753,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14517318,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20885997,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10607590,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21082023,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21883761,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25217462,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18826657,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25575596,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25957401 | What are Septins? | Septins are an evolutionarily conserved family of GTP-binding proteins. They are involved in diverse processes including cytokinesis, apoptosis, infection, neurodegeneration and neoplasia. In yeast, septins assemble into a highly ordered array of filaments at the mother bud neck in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. Septins have been implicated in a diverse range of cancers, including gastric cancer, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.Septins are an evolutionarily conserved family of GTP-binding proteins. discover that septins, a component of the cytoskeleton, recognize membrane curvature at the micron scale, a common morphological hallmark of eukaryotic cellular processes. eptins are a family of cytoskeletal GTP-binding proteins that assemble into membrane-associated hetero-oligomers and organize scaffolds for recruitment of cytosolic proteins or stabilization of membrane proteins. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23821193,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27939076,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26085906,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27232579 | What is the drug target for Simtuzumab? | These results suggest that LOXL2 could be an appealing target for treatment of scar formation after glaucoma surgery, and point to the potential therapeutic benefits of simtuzumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody derived from GS-607601. these results suggest that loxl2 could be an appealing target for treatment of scar formation after glaucoma surgery, and point to the potential therapeutic benefits of simtuzumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody derived from gs-607601.Simtuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody drug that targets LOXL2 |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24155976,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21504428,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23517304,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25666511,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25243660,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23103419,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20184820,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27264139,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26995069,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19589774,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20184819,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21719429,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19203856,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23148524,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12503502,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22104018,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24665294,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22848613,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24254932,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26017580,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23762420,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25778844 | What is Dravet syndrome? | Dravet syndrome is one of the most severe epilepsy syndromes of early childhood, and it comes with very high morbidity and mortality. It is likely that Dravet syndrome is underdiagnosed in adults with treatment-resistant epilepsy.dravet syndrome is one of the most severe epilepsy syndromes of early childhood, and it comes with very high morbidity and mortality.Dravet syndrome is one of the most severe epilepsy syndromes of early childhood, and it comes with very high morbidity and mortality. The typical presentation is characterized by hemiclonic or generalized clonic seizures triggered by fever during the first year of life, followed by myoclonic, absence, focal and generalized tonic-clonic seizures.Dravet syndrome is one of the most severe epilepsy syndromes of early childhood, and it comes with very high morbidity and mortality.Dravet syndrome is one of the most severe epilepsy syndromes of early childhood, and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The typical presentation is characterized by hemiclonic or generalized clonic seizures triggered by fever during the first year of life, followed by myoclonic, absence, focal and generalized tonic-clonic seizures. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12678727,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23558965,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25550449,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24053596,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21208462,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18763067,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16112419,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14594517,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12689331,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27118336,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22044621,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24109558,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16549043,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26771897,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21802433,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25744732,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25256442,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11342355,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10857992,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26742579,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12750550,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27657809,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15369445,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14649329 | What makes telomerase a good drug target? | Human telomerase is absent in most normal tissues, but is abnormally activated in all major cancer cells. Telomerase enables tumor cells to maintain telomere length, allowing indefinite replicative capacity.Telomerase, a ribonucleoprotein enzyme is considered as a universal therapeutic target of cancer because of its preferential expression in cancer cells and its presence in 90 % of tumors. Human telomerase is absent in most normal tissues, but is abnormally activated in all major cancer cells. telomerase, a ribonucleoprotein enzyme is considered as a universal therapeutic target of cancer because of its preferential expression in cancer cells and its presence in 90 % of tumors.Human telomerase is absent in most normal tissues, but is abnormally activated in all major cancer cells. Telomerase enables tumor cells to maintain telomere length, allowing indefinite replicative capacity. telomerase is believed to be necessary for cancer cells to grow without limit Telomerase, a ribonucleoprotein enzyme is considered as a universal therapeutic target of cancer because of its preferential expression in cancer cells and its presence in 90 % of tumors. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26342387 | What is DENdb? | DENdb is a centralized on-line repository of predicted enhancers derived from multiple human cell-lines. DENdb integrates enhancers predicted by five different methods generating an enriched catalogue of putative enhancers for each of the analysed cell-lines. DENdb provides information about the overlap of enhancers with DNase I hypersensitive regions, ChIP-seq regions of a number of transcription factors and transcription factor binding motifs, means to explore enhancer interactions with DNA using several chromatin interaction assays and enhancer neighbouring genes. DENdb is designed as a relational database that facilitates fast and efficient searching, browsing and visualization of information. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24212518,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23179121,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27018903,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26713145,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26160329,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24912121,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21223698,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25869337,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27584676,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27080411,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18787846,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26602195,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24120144,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24869611,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25085251 | List scales that are used for scoring of patients with spinal metastasis? | Tokuhashi, Tomita, Bauer, and Oswestry scores are used for survival prediction of patients with spinal metastases. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21319793,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15994299 | Does NADPH oxidase 5 require any subunit for function? | No, NADPH oxidase 5 (NOX5) does not require any subunits for function. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25678839,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26575138,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21796961,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21267417,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12891851,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19039148,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17042673,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21972203,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25644328,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27878791,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24788803,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24840269,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24601937,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25936326,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18585718,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22913216,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23299641,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26490078 | What are the side effects during statins administration in patients with atherosclerosis? | The side effects during statins administration in patients with atherosclerosis are:
1) Myopathy
2) Transaminase elevations
3) Diabetes mellitus
4) Renal and neurologic adverse effects. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27697814,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26642078,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26976916,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27284124,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26417173,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26992459,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26975167,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26466333,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27378659,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27804100,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26873495 | Entresto is composed of which two drugs? | Entresto is composed of sacubitril and valsartan. It is newly FDA-approved medication that dually inhibits angiotensin and neprilysin, in the treatment of heart failure. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25416797,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22086949 | What is the doRiNA database? | doRina is a database of RNA interactions in post-transcriptional regulation. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7664818,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20501080,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2320657,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/323424,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6164221,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8371833,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6811255,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8836582,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1348847,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15927700,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10619466,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8361951,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6432557,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8511717,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7616241,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1997008,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24084697,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1904482,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3917287,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11135014,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1470299,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2426412,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20408420,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7692885,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22841861,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2414683,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6780662,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6746835,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12658372,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16292508,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8287902,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26830512,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7690229,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17066255,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23940784,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1663587,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/904693,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11343835,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3103858,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7889269,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1436125,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8096696,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19168057 | Is NSD-1015 an inhibitor of Aromatic L-Amino Acid Decarboxylase? | Yes, NSD-1015 is an ihnibitor of Aromatic L-Amino Decarboxylase. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25616362,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20106954,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15659360 | Is pseudouridine a RNA modification? | Yes, pseudouridine (Ψ) is the most abundant of>150 nucleoside modifications in RNA. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16006996,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21799180,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16815813,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15631998,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19118502,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16357150,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18535159,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20712617,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18691054,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26191068,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12499391,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18668432,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18484914,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20360301,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21740521,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11483364 | What does the human ABCC gene product do? | The important drug resistance-conferring members belong to three subfamilies of the human ABC family; these are ABCB1 (MDR1/P-glycoprotein of subfamily ABCB), subfamily ABCC (MRPs), and ABCG2 (BCRP of subfamily ABCG), which are expressed in various organs. The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters constitute a large family of membrane proteins, which transport a variety of compounds through the membrane against a concentration gradient at the cost of ATP hydrolysis |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19070914,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20634490,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24808863,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18664504,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17905609,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18775801,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23390091,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19610021 | What is the connection between furin and hepcidin? | The iron-regulatory peptide hepcidin is synthesized in the liver as an 84-aa pre-pro-hormone maturated by proteolysis through a consensus furin cleavage site to generate the bioactive 25-aa peptide secreted in the circulation. The hepatic prohormone convertase furin mediates the posttranslational processing of hepcidin. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20945533,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21636835,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25255829,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18845124,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26927378,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20596603,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23399566,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26770990,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18311595,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18509062,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24126816,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26367078,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18702959,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18198355,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25210844,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20154362,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19661960,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26176546,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25418138,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26099526,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25477509,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24742676,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26733203,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24065549,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24627478,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27062372,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20190390,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17884815,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23220584 | Which cells express CIDEC protein in humans? | The cell death-inducing DNA fragmentation factor alpha-like effector c (CIDEC) is a lipid droplet-associated protein that promotes intracellular triglyceride (TAG) storage. CIDEC is highly expressed in adipocytes, but undetectable in normal liver. However, its hepatic expression rises during fasting or under genetic or diet-induced hepatosteatosis in patients. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24326448 | Which is the relation between coffee consumption and stroke risk? | The coffee paradox in stroke: Increased consumption linked with fewer strokes. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17903924,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16914069,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11300243,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15595254,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16418057,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16634344,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16690572,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15083439,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19785245,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8463526,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9731605,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12173758,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16337699,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16097508,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12961913 | What is the purpose of the Orpington Prognostic Scale? | The Orpington Prognostic Scale (OPS) is used to predict futue functional status of stroke patients, to asses stroke severity, outcome and response to subacute rehabilitation. In patients with stroke, OPS and NIHSS had significant contribution to the estimation of the functional status and OPS was more effective than NIHSS. However, other reported that the OPS has limited predictive accuracy for discharge destination and is a poor predictor of follow-up services. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19160492 | Do IEG create a ripple effect of transcription? | Rapid induction of immediate-early genes (IEGs) in response to growth factor stimulations is accompanied by co-upregulation of their neighbouring genes. Profiling the primary transcripts in the nucleus with whole-genome tiling arrays delineated simultaneous activation of transcription centred on IEGs.rapid induction of immediate-early genes (iegs) in response to growth factor stimulations is accompanied by co-upregulation of their neighbouring genes.Rapid induction of immediate-early genes (IEGs) in response to growth factor stimulations is accompanied by co-upregulation of their neighbouring genes. Even in surrounding intergenic regions, transcriptional activation took place at the same time.Rapid induction of immediate-early genes (IEGs) in response to growth factor stimulations is accompanied by co-upregulation of their neighbouring genes.Here we show that intensive transcription at one locus frequently spills over into its physical neighbouring loci. Rapid induction of immediate-early genes (IEGs) in response to growth factor stimulations is accompanied by co-upregulation of their neighbouring genes. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23034086 | Which R package is used for the analysis of genome-wide DNA methylation profiles? | MethylKit is a comprehensive R package for the analysis of genome-wide DNA methylation profiles. MethylKit includes functions for clustering, sample quality visualization, differential methylation analysis and annotation features, thus automating and simplifying many of the steps for discerning statistically significant bases or regions of DNA methylation. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27646435,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22789131,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25787078,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24553941,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25608762,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23747724,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15541898,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22189457 | Do T-Cells regulate neuropathic pain? | Macrophage-T cell interactions can mediate neuropathic pain through the glucocorticoid-induced TNF |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9556302 | What is the incidence of new cases of X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) in Australian and New Zealand in the late 1990's? | cases of ALD diagnosed in Australia and New Zealand between 1981 and 1996 and their families. We estimate that the combined incidence of ALD and its variants in Australasia is at least 1.6 per 100,000. cases of ALD diagnosed in Australia and New Zealand between 1981 and 1996 and their families. We estimate that the combined incidence of ALD and its variants in Australasia is at least 1.6 per 100,000.When looking cases of ALD diagnosed in Australia and New Zealand between 1981 and 1996, it was estimated that the combined incidence of ALD and its variants in Australasia is at least 1.6 per 100,000. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27401551,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27483324,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26903545,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27154402,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27029895 | Can telomere length shortening be reversed by telomerase? | Yes, telomerase gene therapy rescues telomere length, bone marrow aplasia, and survival in mice with aplastic anemia. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27824037,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26276635,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25001285,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25659154,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25128630 | Is ABCE1 involved in ribosomal recycling? | Yes, recent studies have identified ABCE1 as a ribosome-recycling factor important for translation termination in mammalian cells, yeast and also archaea |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9606688,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20602044,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24379556,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3625236,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12373677,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20049400,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18018427,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10037251,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23422579,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24678945,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/308321,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26842535,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23233151,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19270460,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22330852,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10951302,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17876417,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27136085,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6475068,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12733175 | What are clinical features of the de Morsier syndrome? | Classic triad of the De Morsier syndrome (septooptic dysplasia) includes optic nerve hypoplasia, the absence of septum pellucidum, and pituitary hypoplasia. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22088535,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14599068,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8190479,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20019752,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17768386,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12829739,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8618053,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25703744,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24054038,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16752321,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23112997,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22817390,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8302318,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10960773,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26165494,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8042664,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19208379,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12727022,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11045591,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17355913,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7064008,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25919014,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16868655,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3742854 | Does oculocutaneous albinism show an autosomal recessive inheritance? | Yes, oculocutaneous albinism shows an autosomal recessive inheritance. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15951822,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22916115 | Which is the largest metabolic gene cluster in yeast? | The DAL cluster is the largest metabolic gene cluster in yeast and consists of six adjacent genes encoding proteins that enable Saccharomyces cerevisiae to use allantoin as a nitrogen source.the dal cluster is the largest metabolic gene cluster in yeast and consists of six adjacent genes encoding proteins that enable saccharomyces cerevisiae to use allantoin as a nitrogen source.The DAL cluster is the largest metabolic gene cluster in yeast and consists of six adjacent genes encoding proteins that enable Saccharomyces cerevisiae to use allantoin as a nitrogen source. The DAL cluster is located in a domain of modified chromatin involving both H2A.Z histone exchange and Hst1-Sum1-mediated histone deacetylation, and it may be a coadapted gene complex formed by epistatic selection.The DAL cluster is the largest metabolic gene cluster in yeast and consists of six adjacent genes encoding proteins that enable Saccharomyces cerevisiae to use allantoin as a nitrogen source. Six of the eight genes involved in allantoin degradation, which were previously scattered around the genome, became relocated to a single subtelomeric site in an ancestor of S. cerevisiae and Saccharomyces castellii. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16253142,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14534166,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26704599 | What is the applicability of the MCAST algorithm? | The MCAST algorithm uses a hidden Markov model with a P-value-based scoring scheme to identify candidate CRMs. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15014128,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16903824,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14614898,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18823563,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15570172,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24633805,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27683909,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15475580,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22918225,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25871773,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10816430,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7846048,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21705182,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22401921,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16540478,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21907569,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8726460,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10949525,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22393530,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26427386,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15649697,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11701639,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18359298,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24754513,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23293020,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8782820,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20531185,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8367470,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7891887,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23781009,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19033669,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19549280 | Which ApoE isoform is associated with atherosclerosis and Alzheimer's disease? | The ApoE4 isoform is associated with increased frequency of atherosclerosis and Alzheimer's disease (AD). |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25340765,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16998490,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22987666,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18957701,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24349264,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21092253 | Are Ultra-conserved elements (UCEs) enriched in segmental duplications? | ULEs are located in intergenic or intronic regions and are depleted from segmental duplications. In addition, here we show that these elements are preferentially found in pathogenic deletions (enrichment ratio 3.6 vs. 0.5 in duplications), and that this association is not related with a higher content of genes.we begin by showing that depletion for uces characterizes the most recent large-scale human cnv datasets and then find that even newly formed de novo cnvs, which have passed through meiosis at most once, are significantly depleted for uces.Ultraconserved elements (UCEs) are strongly depleted from segmental duplications and copy number variations (CNVs) in the human genome, suggesting that deletion or duplication of a UCE can be deleterious to the mammalian cell. These elements are most often located either overlapping exons in genes involved in RNA processing or in introns or nearby genes involved in the regulation of transcription and development.Mammalian ultraconserved elements are strongly depleted among segmental duplications and copy number variants. Notably, of the UCEs that are found in segmental duplications or copy number variants, the majority overlap exons, indicating, along with other findings presented, that UCEs overlapping exons represent a distinct subset.Here we address the process by which CNVs become depleted of UCEs. We begin by showing that depletion for UCEs characterizes the most recent large-scale human CNV datasets and then find that even newly formed de novo CNVs, which have passed through meiosis at most once, are significantly depleted for UCEs.Mammalian ultraconserved elements are strongly depleted among segmental duplications and copy number variants. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18959192,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15486181 | What organism causes woolsorter's disease | Woolsorter's disease is caused by the same organism as Anthrax, bacillus Anthrax. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24163250 | Which annotated database of A-to-I RNA editing is available? | RADAR is a rigorously annotated database of A-to-I RNA editing. RADAR includes a comprehensive collection of A-to-I RNA editing sites identified in humans (Homo sapiens), mice (Mus musculus) and flies (Drosophila melanogaster), together with extensive manually curated annotations for each editing site. RADAR also includes an expandable listing of tissue-specific editing levels for each editing site, which will facilitate the assignment of biological functions to specific editing sites.The identification of A-to-I RNA editing sites has been dramatically accelerated in the past few years by high-throughput RNA sequencing studies. RADAR includes a comprehensive collection of A-to-I RNA editing sites identified in humans (Homo sapiens), mice (Mus musculus) and flies (Drosophila melanogaster), together with extensive manually curated annotations for each editing site. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21790308,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17531113,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17346111,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18956258 | Do normal cells express the protein TERT? | Νο, telomerase activity is found in 85%-90% of all human cancers but not in their adjacent normal cells. Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) is an essential component in the telomerase complex that plays an important role in telomerase activity. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22693454,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3464952,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23620291 | Which protein complexes recognize centromeric (CEN) DNA in yeast? | The Schizosaccharomyces pombe centromere-linked genes, LYS1 and CYH1 on chromosome I and TPS13 and RAN1 on chromosome II, have been isolated. In budding yeast, as well as in other eukaryotes, the Cse4 histone variant (known in vertebrates as CENP-A) is believed to substitute for histone H3 at the centromeric nucleosome.The Schizosaccharomyces pombe centromere-linked genes, LYS1 and CYH1 on chromosome I and TPS13 and RAN1 on chromosome II, have been isolated Histone H3 localizes to the centromeric DNA in budding yeast In budding yeast, as well as in other eukaryotes, the Cse4 histone variant (known in vertebrates as CENP-A) is believed to substitute for histone H3 at the centromeric nucleosomeThe Schizosaccharomyces pombe centromere-linked genes, LYS1 and CYH1 on chromosome I and TPS13 and RAN1 on chromosome II, have been isolated |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23628989,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25145264 | Is there any involvement of the long non-coding RNA Gomafu in schizophrenia? | Yes. The long non-coding RNA Gomafu is acutely regulated in response to neuronal activation and involved in schizophrenia-associated alternative splicing. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8000104,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27878308,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24948869,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19082832,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7065728,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1440087,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7979581,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17728372,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1765991,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1437923,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23934402,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9598885,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3769804,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2674762,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23019977,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17113236,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17569152,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20120828,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2585838,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7607795,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7924059,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25516474,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12672213 | Is butterfly rash a symptom of Systemic lupus erythematosus? | Yes, butterfly rash is symptom of Systemic lupus erythematosus. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9620780,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11273706,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16127433,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17504808,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23771057,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21060862,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8937982,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19117951 | What is the function of yeast Clr4 on chromatin? | Clr4 is known to regulate silencing and switching at the mating-type loci and to affect chromatin structure at centromeres. The Clr4 methyltransferase determines the subnuclear localization of the mating-type region in fission yeast. Heterochromatin assembly in fission yeast depends on the Clr4 histone methyltransferase, which targets H3K9. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27485121,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27123924 | What is the role of LIMT lncRNA? | LINC01089 (LncRNA Inhibiting Metastasis; LIMT) is a highly conserved lncRNA, which is depleted in basal-like and in HER2-positive tumors, and the low expression of which predicts poor patient prognosis. Interestingly, EGF rapidly downregulates LIMT expression by enhancing histone deacetylation at the respective promoter. LIMT inhibits extracellular matrix invasion of mammary cells in vitro and tumor metastasis in vivo.LIMT is a novel metastasis inhibiting lncRNA suppressed by EGF and downregulated in aggressive breast cancer. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24438373,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16946016,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12913077,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20598602,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19101574,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25016020,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20494929,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16078221,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21951543,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10915769,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25575015,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15128600,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21915857 | Is infertility characteristic of individuals with Fanconi anemia? | Yes, infertility is characteristic of individuals with Fanconi anemia. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15693545,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26908374,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8621159,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26553134,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27717685,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12964033,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26613891,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1748476 | What are Kupffer cells and what is their role? | Kupffer cells (KCs)are hepatic macrophages which can secrete matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and can contribute to decreased hepatic insulin sensitivity. KCs may play a role in the development of drug induced liver injury (DILI)Kupffer cells (KCs) play a role in the development of drug induced liver injury (DILI). Hepatic macrophages consist of Kupffer cells, which are originated from the fetal yolk-sack, and infiltrated bone marrow-derived monocytes/macrophages. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8121473,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23533206,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9839832,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11336236,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20725585 | What is known about saponins in crops and human consumption? | Saponins are considered antinutrients for humans and have a bitter taste. They should be removed from the crops before consumption. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24955447,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27494322,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24502344,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26907481,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25609972,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24285003,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26738756,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24774504,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18683105,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27498886,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25876561,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23344099,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23735746,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26600980,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24842416,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24506179,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26786341,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27440869,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25294262,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25729432,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23897288,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25817087,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27699641,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23770005,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24160948,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26893582,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27695502,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27723166 | Is golimumab effective for ulcerative colitis? | Yes. Golimumab is a TNF-blocking agent indicated as a second-line therapy in ulcerative colitis. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24995981,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25983206,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25781491 | What is the role of histone variant H2A.W? | The histone variant H2A.W defines heterochromatin and promotes chromatin condensation in Arabidopsis. The histone variant H2A.W marks heterochromatin specifically and acts in synergy with heterochromatic marks H3K9me2 and DNA methylation to maintain transposon silencing. In vivo, H2A.W is required for heterochromatin condensation, demonstrating that H2A.W plays critical roles in heterochromatin organization. In vitro, H2A.W enhances chromatin condensation by promoting fiber-to-fiber interactions via its conserved C-terminal motif. In non-flowering land plants, we identify a new class of H2A variants and propose their possible role in the emergence of the H2A.W variant class in flowering plants. The histone variant H2A.W defines heterochromatin and promotes chromatin condensation in Arabidopsis The histone variant H2A.W marks heterochromatin specifically and acts in synergy with heterochromatic marks H3K9me2 and DNA methylation to maintain transposon silencing In vitro, H2A.W enhances chromatin condensation by promoting fiber-to-fiber interactions via its conserved C-terminal motif. In vivo, H2A.W is required for heterochromatin condensation, demonstrating that H2A.W plays critical roles in heterochromatin organization. In non-flowering land plants, we identify a new class of H2A variants and propose their possible role in the emergence of the H2A.W variant class in flowering plants Covalent histone modifications (e.g.The histone variant H2A.W marks heterochromatin specifically and acts in synergy with heterochromatic marks H3K9me2 and DNA methylation to maintain transposon silencing. In vivo, H2A.W is required for heterochromatin condensation, demonstrating that H2A.W plays critical roles in heterochromatin organization. Histone chaperones escort histones, and play key functions during nucleosome assembly/disassembly and in nucleosome structure configuration. Here we focus on plant histone H2A/H2B chaperones, particularly members of the NUCLEOSOME ASSEMBLY PROTEIN-1 (NAP1) and FACILITATES CHROMATIN TRANSCRIPTION (FACT) families, discussing their molecular features, properties, regulation and function. We further discuss roles of NAP1 and FACT in chromatin-based processes, such as transcription, DNA replication and repair. Future major challenges remain in order to define in more detail the overlapping and specific roles of various members of the NAP1 family as well as differences and similarities between NAP1 and FACT family members, and to identify and characterize their partners as well as new families of chaperones to understand histone variant incorporation and chromatin target specificity. In non-flowering land plants, we identify a new class of H2A variants and propose their possible role in the emergence of the H2A.W variant class in flowering plants In vitro, H2A.W enhances chromatin condensation by promoting fiber-to-fiber interactions via its conserved C-terminal motif. In vivo, H2A.W is required for heterochromatin condensation, demonstrating that H2A.W plays critical roles in heterochromatin organization.The histone variant H2A.W defines heterochromatin and promotes chromatin condensation in ArabidopsisHistone variants play crucial roles in gene expression, genome integrity, and chromosome segregation. The histone variant H2A.W marks heterochromatin specifically and acts in synergy with heterochromatic marks H3K9me2 and DNA methylation to maintain transposon silencing. In vivo, H2A.W is required for heterochromatin condensation, demonstrating that H2A.W plays critical roles in heterochromatin organization. Histone chaperones escort histones, and play key functions during nucleosome assembly/disassembly and in nucleosome structure configuration. Covalent histone modifications (e.g. ubiquitination, phosphorylation, methylation, acetylation) and H2A variants (H2A.Z, H2A.X and H2A.W) are also discussed in view of their crucial importance in modulating nucleosome organization and function.The histone variant H2A.W marks heterochromatin specifically and acts in synergy with heterochromatic marks H3K9me2 and DNA methylation to maintain transposon silencing. In vitro, H2A.W enhances chromatin condensation by promoting fiber-to-fiber interactions via its conserved C-terminal motif. In vivo, H2A.W is required for heterochromatin condensation, demonstrating that H2A.W plays critical roles in heterochromatin organization. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3174510,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8631524,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27746217,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25524299,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21575408,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22966025,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23283699,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19754366,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11726727,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23086523,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25793115,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14684236,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25534357,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24309481,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27393040,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21163242,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17342778,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16361175,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23375301,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8340096,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20971088,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26480925,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18821100 | Which are the main brain dysfunctions caused by hyperbilirubinemia? | Bilirubin-induced neurologic dysfunction (BIND) and classical kernicterus are the main dysfunctions of hyperbilirubinemia, whenever bilirubin levels exceed the capacity of the brain defensive mechanisms in preventing its entrance and cytotoxicity. Bilirubin accumulation may lead to deficits in auditory, cognitive, and motor processing, due to neuronal cell death, reduced myelination and glial activation. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26269117,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26280535 | Does mTOR regulate the translation of MAPKAPK2? | Yes. mTOR regulates the translation of the MK2 (also known as MAPKAPK2) kinase through 4EBP1. In turn, MAPKAPK2 phosphorylates the RNA-binding protein ZFP36L1 during senescence, inhibiting its ability to degrade the transcripts of numerous senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) components. Consequently, mTOR inhibition or constitutive activation of ZFP36L1 impairs the non-cell-autonomous effects of senescent cells in both tumour-suppressive and tumour-promoting contexts. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19909521,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20197675,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/697225,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15797949,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25800473,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20017317,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8517687,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26757887,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16821224,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17663292,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8151646,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10689047,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3625764,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23602925,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1240972,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11807897,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22711287,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12667526,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26322078,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20122165 | What chromosome is affected in Turner's syndrome? | turner's syndrome (ts) is a chromosomal defect with partial or total absence of the x chromosome.Turner's syndrome (TS) is a chromosomal defect with partial or total absence of the X chromosome.Turner's syndrome (TS) is a chromosomal defect with partial or total absence of the X chromosome. Turner's syndrome (TS) is a chromosomal defect with partial or total absence of the X chromosome |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26965413,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24528514,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23288413,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26683936,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25225832,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23296661,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23913300 | What is the aim of the TRAP assay? | Telomerase enzyme activity can be detected in whole cell lysates by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method referred to as the telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP). |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21132231,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25396011,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24051223,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25025075,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23940977,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23100008,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17549454,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24339640,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26337557,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20019069,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24862750,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26744626,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23429969,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24868211,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17251883,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25996320 | Describe clinical applications of the PIM2 scoring system. | The Pediatric Index of Mortality 2 (PIM2) is one of the most commonly used scoring systems to predict mortality in patients admitted to pediatric intensive care units. The PIM2 score adequately discriminates survivors from non-survivor |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21738686,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22449192,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23595991,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23077180,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23463008,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21552206 | Do histone variant mH2A (macro-H2A) levels decrease upon differentiation? | MacroH2A.1 was found to be present at low levels upon the establishment of pluripotency in the inner cell mass and epiblast, but it was highly enriched in the trophectoderm and differentiated somatic cells later in mouse development. Chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed that macroH2A.1 is incorporated in the chromatin of regulatory regions of pluripotency genes in somatic cells such as mouse embryonic fibroblasts and adult neural stem cells, but not in embryonic stem cells. In addition, overexpression of macroH2A isoforms prevented efficient reprogramming of epiblast stem cells to naïve pluripotency.1 was found to be present at low levels upon the establishment of pluripotency in the inner cell mass and epiblast, but it was highly enriched in the trophectoderm and differentiated somatic cells later in mouse development.Histone variant macroH2A confers resistance to nuclear reprogramming Histone variant macroH2A marks embryonic differentiation in vivo and acts as an epigenetic barrier to induced pluripotency.Resistance to reprogramming is associated with incorporation of the histone variant macroH2A, which is retained on the Xi of differentiated cells, but absent from the Xi of EpiSCs. The histone variant macroH2A acts as a component of an epigenetic multilayer that heritably maintains the silent X chromosome and has been shown to restrict tumor development.Through manipulation of macroH2A isoforms, we further demonstrate that macroH2A2 is the predominant barrier to reprogramming. In particular, we find macroH2A isoforms to be highly enriched at target genes of the K27me3 demethylase, Utx, which are reactivated early in iPS reprogrammingMacroH2A.1 was found to be present at low levels upon the establishment of pluripotency in the inner cell mass and epiblast, but it was highly enriched in the trophectoderm and differentiated somatic cells later in mouse development. Histone variant macroH2A marks embryonic differentiation in vivo and acts as an epigenetic barrier to induced pluripotency. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21175851,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27896572,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17540536,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21199650,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25744502,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22408404,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16351644,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20648054,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20691492,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16258219,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14636642,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19907151,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17997113,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21411349,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19937651,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27170390,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23943237,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24714983,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26059880,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24644245,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19342478,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22890139,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22297252,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17373275,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15692071,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22584997 | Which disease is associated with mutations in SLC40A1 gene? | Mutations in the SLC40A1 gene, which encodes the cellular iron exporter ferroportin, are associated with the autosomal dominant hemochromatosis type 4 or Ferroportin disease. The patients characteristically have hyperferritinemia and iron overload. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11090085,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25562168,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10751401,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15024413,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20336479,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15736955,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22580996,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27331785,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26294671,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16085548,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26047847 | Could divalent metal transporter 1 deficiency lead to anemia? | Yes, divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) deficiency could result in anemia, as DMT1 is a major iron transporter required for iron absorption and erythropoiesis. DMT1 deficiency impairs erythroid differentiation and induces apoptosis of erythroid cells. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26363003,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24475291,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18250496,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14975928,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25498859,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8521555,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25247487,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17882949,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16244363,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9556090,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19139152,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25218469,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24154981,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8873679,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10613047,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23103450,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12142119,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8995352,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24642409,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16472284,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16967046,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12063277,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17311278,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10816797,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26775140,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24045971,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26659724,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26519040,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8587608,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23792956,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9272507,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10531299,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9570196,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18617000,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9272155,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10483966 | Does the hERG gene code for a protein which is part of a sodium channel? | The hERG AKA Human ether-a-go-go-related gene coded for a protein subunit of a potassium channel that conducts delayed rectifier K(+) current |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27467136,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27267515,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24190702,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27690664,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27047959,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24387233,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26482279,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27339111,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27621699 | Is lenvatinib effective for renal cell carcinoma? | Yes, combination of lenvatinib and everolimus is approved to treat advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9804427,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21211720,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25877920,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10545197 | Which proteins form part of the NRD complex in S. cerevisiae? | The purification of an ATR complex allowed identification of chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein 4 (CHD4) as an ATR-associated protein by tandem mass spectrometric sequencing. CHD4 (also called Mi-2beta) is a component of a histone-deacetylase-2 (HDAC2)-containing complex, the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylating (NRD) complex. Endogenous ATR, CHD4, and HDAC2 are shown to coimmunoprecipitate, and ATR and HDAC2 coelute through two biochemical purification steps. Other members of the NRD complex, HDAC1, MTA1, and MTA2, are also detectable in ATR immunoprecipitates. Sen1 of S. cerevisiae is a known component of the NRD complex implicated in transcription termination of nonpolyadenylated as well as some polyadenylated RNA polymerase II transcripts. We now show that Pcf11, a component of the cleavage and polyadenylation complex (CPAC), is also generally required for NRD-dependent transcription termination through the action of its C-terminal domain (CTD)-interacting domain (CID). |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26685307 | Which R / bioconductor package is used for performing SNP enrichment analysis? | traseR is an easy-to-use R Bioconductor package that performs enrichment analyses of trait-associated SNPs in arbitrary genomic intervals with flexible options, including testing method, type of background and inclusion of SNPs in LD. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27941336,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23389914,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25841336,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25265983,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23312841,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24687854 | Does HuR bind to the untranslated regions (UTRs) of mRNAs? | Yes, the RNA-binding protein HuR binds at 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) of target transcripts, thereby protecting them against degradation. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24703829,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24907167,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20112796,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1896728,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20726288,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25773787,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11309216,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2030791,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2769286,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23467433 | Describe Exploding head syndrome. | Exploding head syndrome is characterized by the perception of abrupt, loud noises when going to sleep or waking up. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24049080,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24013172,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23152447,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20735237,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26598646,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23345616,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23924899,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27131378,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27268234,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23754963 | Is H4K20 methylation associated with DNA replication? | We employed genetic, cytological, and genomic approaches to better understand the role of PR-Set7 and H4K20 methylation in regulating DNA replication and genome stability in Drosophila cells. Thus, coordinating the status of H4K20 methylation is pivotal for the proper selection of DNA replication origins in higher eukaryotes. The methylation state of lysine 20 on histone H4 (H4K20) has been linked to chromatin compaction, transcription, DNA repair and DNA replication. Histone turnover is often associated with various histone modifications such as H3K56 acetylation (H3K56Ac), H3K36 methylation (H3K36me), and H4K20 methylation (H4K20me). We review the signaling pathways and functions associated with a single residue, H4K20, as a model chromatin and clinically important mark that regulates biological processes ranging from the DNA damage response and DNA replication to gene expression and silencing. <CopyrightInformation>© 2016 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.</C In particular, the methylation states of H3K4, H3K36 and H4K20 have been associated with establishing active, repressed or poised origins depending on the timing and extent of methylation. 5BrC and 5ClC may cause aberrant methylation of cytosine during DNA replication and mimic the endogenous methylation signal associated with gene silencing.H4K20 methylation regulates quiescence and chromatin compaction. H4K20 methylation status plays a direct role in recruiting ORC through the binding properties of ORC1 and ORCA/LRWD1. Thus, coordinating the status of H4K20 methylation is pivotal for the proper selection of DNA replication origins in higher eukaryotes. Intense research during the past few years has revealed histone H4 lysine 20 methylation (H4K20me) as critically important for the biological processes that ensure genome integrity, such as DNA damage repair, DNA replication and chromatin compaction.The methylation state of lysine 20 on histone H4 (H4K20) has been linked to chromatin compaction, transcription, DNA repair and DNA replication. Disruption of these H4K20-specific histone methyltransferases leads to genomic instability, demonstrating the important functions of H4K20 methylation in genome maintenance.Thus, coordinating the status of H4K20 methylation is pivotal for the proper selection of DNA replication origins in higher eukaryotes. The methylation state of lysine 20 on histone H4 (H4K20) has been linked to chromatin compaction, transcription, DNA repair and DNA replication. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27818601,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22303531,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23392827,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27902956,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19210868,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20051747,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15497527,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17361376,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22470810,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25196626,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27733419,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19727898,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25910825,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19834710,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24926265,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20960401,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12614858,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21799227,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25243939,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24715874,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19783114,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24703344,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23806762,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10879718,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20646716,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26370870,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8748801,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19668044,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15316123,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24842523,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26008686,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23932725,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23569451,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24891867,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18056506 | Describe crowned dens syndrome. | Crowned dens syndrome is a rare form of "crown-like" calcifications around the dens and often presents with recurrent neck pain, stiffness of neck, increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and episodes of fever. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26276636 | Does CRISPR inversion of CTCF sites alter genome topology? | Yes. CRISPR inversion of CTCF sites alters genome topology. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19602510,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24124207 | How are looped genes identified in yest? | Gene-loop formation is dependent on regulatory proteins localized at the 5' and 3' ends of genes, such as TFIIBGene-loop formation is dependent on regulatory proteins localized at the 5' and 3' ends of genes, such as TFIIB.Gene-loop formation is dependent on regulatory proteins localized at the 5' and 3' ends of genes, such as TFIIB. . . . . gene-loop formation is dependent on regulatory proteins localized at the 5' and 3' ends of genes, such as tfiib. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24011283,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12195563,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26557075,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10884082,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10884083,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18499373,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16476320,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15893715,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19894099,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8507375,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23302147,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26131802,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15683664,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8056902,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12634998,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12444521,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21396563,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1702353,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9169322,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10748764,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11089373,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19489859,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27106503,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15854039,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20042161,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2102235,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21715249,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23588149,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25046469,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10348006,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8175343,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17656943,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11056428,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9173061 | Which are the causes of the Koebner phenomenon? | The causes of the Koebner phenomenon are:
1) Lichen sclerosus
2) Vitiligo
3) Psoriasis and
4) Physical stress. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16165914,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9231669,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25415685,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24105630,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9240650,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15637691,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26548600,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25927402,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16332594,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9112448,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12377335,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23322160,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22553304,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1310964,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16168831,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24187330,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23433794,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25403752,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15701271 | Is there a role of proton beam therapy in medulloblastoma treatment? | Yes, proton beam therapy is used for treatment of medulloblastoma. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17592768,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24676595,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21264296,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15834126,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15797871,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23539897,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25687632,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16534144,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12825687,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12407108,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11481333,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23055800,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16130466,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20876538 | What is the function of the DGAT1 gene product? | Diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) catalyzes the final step in the acyl-CoA-dependent triacylglycerol biosynthesisDiacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) catalyzes the final step in the acyl-CoA-dependent triacylglycerol biosynthesis. . . . . diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (dgat1) catalyzes the final step in the acyl-coa-dependent triacylglycerol biosynthesis.Diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) catalyzes the final step in the acyl-CoA-dependent triacylglycerol biosynthesis, the enzyme catalyzes a key step in lipid biosynthesis.Diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) catalyzes the final step in the acyl-CoA-dependent triacylglycerol biosynthesis. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26957305,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24242757,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27034984,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27701736,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26297251,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27392443,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26517431,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23603901,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22661320,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24285547,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23539183,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25170156,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25401693,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25525250,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25773741 | Which histone mutation is associated with gliomas? | Pediatric central nervous system tumors are the most common solid tumor of childhood. Over 70% of diffuse intrinsic pediatric gliomas, an aggressive brainstem tumor, harbor heterozygous mutations that create a K27M amino acid substitution (methionine replaces lysine 27) in the tail of histone H3.3.Over 70% of diffuse intrinsic pediatric gliomas, an aggressive brainstem tumor, harbor heterozygous mutations that create a K27M amino acid substitution (methionine replaces lysine 27) in the tail of histone H3.3. Genome-wide analyses indicate a resetting of the transformed precursors to a developmentally more primitive stem cell state, with evidence of major modifications of histone marks at several master regulator genes.some of these molecular changes with clinicopathological utility have been used for the first time in the most recent edition of the world health organization (who) classification of cns tumours to define entities like ependymoma, rela fusion-positive or diffuse midline glioma, h3 k27m-mutant.Over 70% of diffuse intrinsic pediatric gliomas, an aggressive brainstem tumor, harbor heterozygous mutations that create a K27M amino acid substitution (methionine replaces lysine 27) in the tail of histone H3.3 |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26280901 | Are there canonical marks of active chromatin in developmentally regulated genes? | No. The transcription of genes temporally regulated during fly and worm development occurs in the absence of canonically active histone modifications. Conversely, strong chromatin marking is related to transcriptional and post-transcriptional stability, an association also observed in mammals. Consequently, chromatin marking is associated with the stable production of RNA, whereas unmarked chromatin would permit rapid gene activation and deactivation during development. In the latter case, regulation by transcription factors would have a comparatively more important regulatory role than chromatin marks. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26657631,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27539526 | What is the purpose of HaploReg v4? | HaploReg v4 enables the systematic mining of putative causal variants, cell types, regulators and target genes for human complex traits and disease. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12806289,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3631415,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15198043,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22705835,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1896679,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1896669,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18046258,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23418296,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16640061,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18229792,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21851581,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11074796,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3968944,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12160282,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2610793,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11936909,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22801040,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11583396 | Which are the typical symptoms of Ménière's disease? | The typical symptoms of Ménière's disease are:
1) sensorineural hearing loss,
2) vertigo and
3) tinnitus. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26958560,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15589118,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26452443,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22981642,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25103963,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15817074,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8526413,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26433894,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16513057,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27084695,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11642233,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16338669,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9762220,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24278273,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15994863,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18328988,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27931023,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22871544,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17621503,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20847697,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25518796,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21667916,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23405630,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16638060,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2721265 | What tissue is most affected in Ehlers-Danlos syndromes? | the ehlers-danlos syndromes (eds) are a group of connective tissue disorders characterized by triad of joint hypermobility, skin extensibility, and tissue fragility.The Ehlers-Danlos syndromes (EDS) are a group of connective tissue disorders characterized by triad of joint hypermobility, skin extensibility, and tissue fragility.The Ehlers-Danlos syndromes (EDS) are a group of connective tissue disorders characterized by triad of joint hypermobility, skin extensibility, and tissue fragility. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1562972,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21855258,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24989360,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25960806,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22421473,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22377612,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6613471,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18385566,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8885560,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21450061,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25667776,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19608071,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24867818,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25530373,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11771217,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23674771,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26971966,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10630059,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22414457,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20579824,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7243138,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25923155,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19629969,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26803533,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15906794 | What is Mondor's disease? | Mondor's disease is a rare benign and self-limiting condition characterized by thrombophlebitis of the superficial veins of the anterolateral thoracoabdominal wall and genital area. |