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Prevalence and changes in chronic diseases among South Korean farmers: 1998 to 2005
BMC Public Health volume 9, Article number: 268 (2009)
Epidemiologic studies have suggested a unique pattern of disease among farmers in Western countries, but limited information is available about the magnitude of disease prevalence and their changes over time in Asian farmers. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence and changes in chronic diseases among farmers with those of other occupational groups in South Korea.
Using data from three consecutive cross-sectional national surveys: the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1998 (n = 39,060), 2001 (n = 37,769), and 2005 (n = 34,145), we calculated age and gender-standardized prevalence of chronic diseases by the direct method and compared the prevalence changes from 1998 to 2005.
Female farmers had significantly higher chronic disease prevalence than other occupational groups in all three surveys. Arthritis was the most prevalent chronic disease among farmers for both men and women. Compared with other populations, farmers demonstrated a higher prevalence of arthritis and intervertebral disc disorders. Farmers showed higher prevalence changes for intervertebral disc disorders than other occupational workers.
Our findings support that South Korean farmers have a distinct pattern of diseases prevalence from other populations. More detailed studies investigating the risk of musculoskeletal diseases and intensive intervention efforts to reduce the prevalence these diseases, particularly among female farmers, are required.
With over one billion workers, agriculture accounted for nearly 35% of worldwide employment . A number of studies have suggested a unique pattern of morbidity and mortality among farmers [2–4]. Farmers have a remarkable deficit in total mortality, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, psychiatric disorders and total cancer compared with the other populations, but appear to have higher prevalence rates of musculoskeletal diseases, respiratory diseases, hearing loss, skin disorders, accidental death and cancer of the skin, stomach, brain, and prostate, as well as the nervous, lymphohematopoietic systems [2, 3, 5, 6].
Farming as an occupation has a number of unique characteristics compared to other occupations, such as worker traits and behavior, the work setting, and organizational structure . Farming is not organized to provide workers with safety regulations or stable and flexible finances . Farmers are further exposed to a wide range of occupational hazards such as ergonomic stresses, sunlight, viruses, inorganic dust, and pesticides .
Most previous investigations on farmers, however, have been conducted in the United States and Western Europe; so much less is known about the health status of farmers in Asian populations. Environmental and lifestyle factors for disease prevalence among farmers are likely to vary between countries. Although South Korea has traditionally been an agricultural country and retains a farm population exceeding 3.2 million people , few epidemiologic studies have focused on the farm sector. Most available epidemiologic studies on farmers in South Korea were focused on specific regions or symptoms, and did not estimate disease prevalence among the entire farm population. In addition, interpretation of these findings is limited due to the lack of an appropriate reference population .
This study, therefore, aimed to investigate chronic disease prevalence among farmers compared to other populations and relevant changes from 1998 to 2005 in order to identify major health issues among farmers in South Korea.
The data used in this study was drawn from the 1998, 2001, and 2005 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHNES). The KNHNES was a cross-sectional and nationally representative survey conducted by the Korean Ministry of Health and Welfare. The objective of the KNHNES is to estimate representative nationwide data about health status, utilization of health care and health-related behaviors and to provide a base for an effective health promotion program. In this survey, trained interviewers visited subjects' homes and administered a standardized questionnaire on the demographics, socioeconomic status, utilization of health care resources and medical history of each respondent. The target population of this survey included all non-institutionalized civilian South Korean individuals. The survey employed a stratified multistage probability sampling design, and the subjects were selected from sampling units predicated by geographical area, gender and age, as determined by household registries. The overall response rates of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were 90.8% in 1998, 92.3% in 2001, and 89.9% in 2005, respectively .
Participants were considered to have a chronic disease if they answered "yes" to both of these interview questions: "Have you experienced any chronic diseases in the preceding 12 months?" and "Have you been diagnosed with the disease by a physician?" Chronic diseases were defined as diseases lasting at least three months. Overall prevalence of chronic diseases in this study was defined by having any chronic disease except dental diseases. Individual chronic diseases were selected based on a priori interest in farmer's health and in having a sufficient number of cases for all three surveys. They included arthritis, intervertebral disc disorders, hypertension, chronic lung diseases, asthma, cancer, diabetes mellitus, and cataract/glaucoma.
The total numbers of KNHNES participants were 39,060 (19,038 men and 20,022 women) in 1998, 37,769 (18,442 men and 19,327 women) in 2001, and 34,145 (16,356 men and 17,789 women) in 2005, respectively. We divided the total participants into three occupational groups of self-reported farmers, manual workers, and non-manual workers, based on the Korea standard classification of occupation . The category of farmers including about 4.4% fishery and 0.2% forestry workers . Manual workers included craft and related trades workers, plant/machine operators and assemblers, and elementary occupations, while non-manual workers included legislators, senior officials and managers, professionals, technicians and associate professionals, clerks, service workers and sale workers. We restricted the subjects to those aged 20 or more to examine prevalent chronic diseases and for comparison with working-age population. Through this, we investigated a 1998 population of 27,201 including 3,639 farmers, 4,677 manual and 8,101 non-manual workers, a 2001 population of 26,785 including 1,714 farmers, 4,996 manual and 9,193 non-manual workers, and a 2005 population of 25,161 including 1,732 farmers, 4,966 manual and 8,358 non-manual workers in the analysis.
For all surveys, sampling weights were applied to account for unequal probabilities of selection resulting from the sample design, and from nonresponse, and to adjust for post-stratification population totals. Standard errors were calculated using Taylor series linearization method to account for the sampling design and to apply survey weight. Statistical analyses were carried out using Stata 10.0 (StataCorp., College Station, Texas). For comparisons across surveys, the age-standardized prevalence with 95% confidence intervals of chronic diseases was calculated using the direct adjustment method by 2005 standard population, with a population breakdown by five-year increments from the Korea National Statistical Office . This analysis was performed separately for each of the three surveys and for gender. Differences in prevalence over time according to occupational groups were based on comparison of data from 2005 with 1998 data. This study analyzed publicly available data sets and was therefore exempt from institutional review board approval.
Table 1 illustrates the selected characteristics of the study subjects by occupational groups and the three surveys. Farmers were more likely than other occupational groups and the total population to be older, married, residing in rural areas, less educated, and collecting a lower income. Farmers and non-manual workers included a higher number of females than manual workers. Farmers were less often current smokers and drinkers of alcohol than other populations. Farmers had less frequent medical check-ups than other groups in 1998 and 2001, but not in 2005.
The age-standardized prevalence of overall chronic disease and health service utilization by occupation according to the three calendar years are presented in Table 2. Female farmers reported significantly higher prevalence of doctor-diagnosed overall chronic diseases than other occupational groups and the total population, whereas male farmers showed a decreasing trend in prevalence of chronic diseases. Female farmers were less likely to report their general health as "good to excellent" than other groups. The numbers of doctor visits during the previous two weeks and reported hospitalizations were greater among female farmers than other groups in 2005.
Table 3 and 4 show selected chronic disease prevalence by occupational groups in men and women, respectively. The most prevalent diseases among farmers were arthritis, intervertebral disc disorders, and hypertension. Compared to other occupational groups and the total population, farmers had higher prevalence of arthritis and intervertebral disc disorders in both men and women, whereas male farmers had lower prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Intervertebral disc disorders increased in all three occupational groups between 1998 and 2005, however, farmers had higher prevalence changes than other occupational groups during the study period.
Using data from nationally representative samples of the South Korean population, we found that female farmers had a higher prevalence of overall chronic disease than other occupational groups, or the total population. Arthritis and intervertebral disc disorders were the most prevalent chronic diseases among farmers, and the increase in the prevalence of intervertebral disc disorders over time was greater among farmers than other groups.
The pronounced elevated prevalence of chronic diseases among women was consistent with previous findings. Female farmers from Finland have been reported to suffer more chronic diseases than female blue- and white-collar workers whereas male farmers' self-reported morbidity was on a par with that of other workers . Female farmers were also more likely to poses higher rates of asthma, depression and cancer of the lymphatic and hematopoietic system than men in the US. Variances between male and female farmers indicate that lifestyle may be of different significance for the two genders. Women on farms may carry additional burdens associated with financial hardship, heavy seasonal workloads, exposure to chemicals, and experience employment off the farm, which may additionally contribute to the differences of disease prevalence between men and women [16, 17].
High prevalence of arthritis and intervertebral disc disorders in farmers is consistent with previous studies that have indicated that farmers have higher rates of musculoskeletal diseases than other populations [18, 19]. Numerous physical risk factors are integral to farming, such as high workloads, heavy lifting, bending and twisting, exposure to vibration from farm equipment, and performing tasks while in awkward postures . These have been associated with an increased risk of acquiring musculoskeletal diseases such as osteoarthritis , low back pain [21, 22], and neck and upper limb complaints . The prevalence of musculoskeletal diseases and osteoarthritis among farmers were reported to be also higher than in other occupational groups in South Korea . The increasing prevalence of arthritis and intervertebral disc disorders in farmers could also in part be explained by increased medical check-ups.
We found hypertension to be among the most prevalent diseases for farmers but the magnitudes of prevalence was lower than for other groups and the change of prevalence was also identified as the smallest among male farmers. These findings are consistent with other studies demonstrating that the prevalence of hypertension and associated risk factors are higher in urban than in rural areas [25, 26]. In South Korea, the prevalence of hypertension for both genders was also reported to be higher in urban areas . These prevalence differences between farmers and other groups may be related to the distribution of lifestyle factors . In this study, farmers smoke less tobacco and drink less alcohol than other occupational groups (Table 1).
A slightly higher prevalence of chronic lung diseases was seen in male farmers than in other occupational groups and the total population. Previous studies have shown that farmers are exposed to a variety of inhaled agents including inorganic/organic dusts, microorganisms, mycotoxins, endotoxins, pollens, mites, molds, animal production, and pesticides . These exposures have been demonstrated to give rise to a variety of respiratory disorders [30, 31]. In South Korea, it was reported that the level of organic dusts and ammonia exceeded in poultry farms and that respiratory diseases were reported frequently among farmers . Since the proportion of smokers among farmers was lower than within other groups in this study, the contribution of farming for this difference in prevalence would be significant.
Farmers showed a slightly lower prevalence of total cancer than other groups in 2005. Previous studies also pointed out a remarkable deficit in total cancer compared with the total population in the United States [3, 4], Sweden , Finland and Italy . Several factors may contribute to the lower rate of total cancer including a healthier lifestyle manifested by lower cigarette use and an occupation that has traditionally required high levels of physical activity. However, previous ecologic study in South Korea demonstrated that rural areas retain an increased risk of cancer mortality over the total population. This discrepancy between prevalence and mortality may in part be explained by rural population general entrance into the health care system at a later point and with more advanced stages of diseases than urban residents due to lower incomes and less education .
Our study found a lower prevalence of diabetes mellitus among male farmers than among others, consistent with other studies. Mortality from diabetes showed a decreased risk in farming , whereas prevalence data are mixed . Healthy diet as a part of rural lifestyles may explain these findings. However, the Agricultural Health Study reported that exposure to certain pesticides increased the risk of diabetes . Due to its high occurrence and the equivocal findings, diabetes mellitus should be further investigated among farmers.
There are important limitations of this study. First is the cross-sectional nature of the data, which may lead to an underestimation of the true health situation, since sick people may be absent from the work force. However, this does not pose a major limitation to investigating changes and to comparison with other groups because data from the three consecutive surveys were used which apply identical disease criteria. Second is the reliance on self-reported medical history potentially leading to misclassification. Self-reported data, however, are reasonably assumed to be accurate for selected chronic diseases and are commonly used to estimate the prevalence of health conditions [39, 40]. We also included only doctor-diagnosed diseases to minimize this issue in the study. However, we assume that underestimation of some chronic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus undoubtedly occurs. Finally, we were unable to examine separate prevalence by detailed occupational groups (i.e., farmers, fishery, and forestry workers) because of limitations in the information collected by the KNHNES. Fishery and forestry workers were reported to have higher rates than the total population of fatal accidents, injury, musculoskeletal diseases, and respiratory diseases . However, the population of fishery and forestry workers made up less than 5% of the farmer group in our study. Therefore, the estimates of prevalence and changes would be mainly explained by farmers.
The strength of this study includes the nationally representative nature of the large sample sizes, which are superior datasets for estimating prevalence. In addition, the use of other occupational workers and the total population as reference groups has an advantage in comparability of disease prevalence.
We report that South Korean farmers displayed a higher prevalence of doctor-diagnosed arthritis and intervertebral disc disorders than other occupational groups and the total population, and that the trend of those diseases is increasing with time. This study has provided the additional information that farmers have a distinct pattern of disease prevalence from other populations and supports that the primary focus in agricultural health in South Korea should be on addressing this pattern. Therefore, more detailed studies investigating the risk of these diseases and intensive intervention efforts to reduce the prevalence of musculoskeletal diseases, particularly among women, are required for South Korean farmers.
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The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here:http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/9/268/prepub
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
ESC performed the statistical analysis and drafted the manuscript. KAK provided substantive statistical advice and helped interpret the data. EKM carried out the acquisition of data and helped interpret the results. WJL conceived of the study, and participated in its design and coordination and helped to draft the manuscript. All authors revised drafts of the manuscript and read and approved the final manuscript.
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Cha, E.S., Kong, K.A., Moon, E.K. et al. Prevalence and changes in chronic diseases among South Korean farmers: 1998 to 2005. BMC Public Health 9, 268 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-9-268 | <urn:uuid:0ea06c3e-a368-4ffe-b5e9-ca7c9b9954d2> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2458-9-268 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.913965 | 5,624 | 2.984375 | 3 |
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Introduction to Audits in Healthcare
Audits play a vital role in ensuring the effectiveness, compliance, and quality of healthcare organizations. In an industry as critical as healthcare, where the well-being and lives of patients are at stake, it is essential to have robust systems in place to monitor and evaluate the delivery of care. This is where audits step in, providing a systematic and objective assessment of various aspects within healthcare organizations.
What are Audits in Healthcare?
Audits in healthcare refer to the process of conducting thorough examinations and evaluations of healthcare systems, processes, and practices. These examinations are carried out to ensure compliance with regulations, assess the quality of care provided to patients, identify areas for improvement, and detect any potential fraud or abuse.
Importance of Audits in Healthcare Organizations
The importance of audits in healthcare cannot be overstated. These audits serve as a critical mechanism for maintaining high standards of patient safety, enhancing the quality of care, and promoting accountability within healthcare organizations. Through audits, healthcare providers can identify weaknesses, implement corrective measures, and continually improve their operations to ensure optimal patient outcomes.
Types of Audits in Healthcare
There are several types of audits conducted in the healthcare industry, each serving a distinct purpose. Internal audits are conducted by internal teams within the healthcare organization, focusing on assessing internal controls, processes, and compliance. External audits, on the other hand, are conducted by independent entities outside of the organization, such as regulatory bodies or accrediting agencies.
Financial audits specifically examine financial processes and records to ensure accuracy, transparency, and compliance with accounting standards. Compliance audits evaluate adherence to industry regulations, legal requirements, and ethical guidelines. Clinical audits, which are specific to patient care, assess the quality and safety of clinical practices, treatment outcomes, and adherence to evidence-based guidelines. Quality audits encompass a broader scope, evaluating overall performance, patient satisfaction, and the effectiveness of quality improvement initiatives.
Each type of audit serves a unique purpose and collectively contributes to the overall integrity and excellence of healthcare organizations.
In the next sections of this comprehensive blog post, we will delve deeper into the purpose and benefits of audits in healthcare, explore the process of conducting audits, discuss the key challenges and considerations, and provide best practices and tips for effective healthcare audits. By the end, you will have a comprehensive understanding of the role audits play in ensuring the delivery of high-quality healthcare services. Let's dive in!
Purpose and Benefits of Audits in Healthcare
Audits in healthcare serve a crucial purpose in ensuring the integrity and effectiveness of healthcare organizations. By conducting thorough assessments and evaluations, audits play a vital role in maintaining patient safety, improving the quality of care, and promoting accountability within the industry. Let's explore the purpose and benefits of audits in healthcare in more detail.
Purpose of Audits in Healthcare Organizations
The primary purpose of audits in healthcare organizations is to provide a systematic and objective evaluation of various aspects, including operational processes, financial practices, compliance with regulations, and clinical care delivery. These audits serve as a mechanism for identifying areas of improvement, detecting potential risks or vulnerabilities, and ensuring that healthcare organizations operate in a manner that is aligned with industry standards and best practices.
Benefits of Conducting Audits in Healthcare
The benefits of conducting audits in healthcare are far-reaching and contribute to the overall well-being of patients, the effectiveness of healthcare delivery, and the reputation of healthcare organizations. Let's explore some of the key benefits:
Improving Patient Safety and Quality of Care: Audits help identify potential risks, errors, or gaps in patient care processes. By uncovering and addressing these issues, audits contribute to enhancing patient safety, reducing medical errors, and improving the overall quality of care provided.
Ensuring Compliance with Regulations and Standards: Healthcare organizations are subject to numerous regulations and standards, both at the national and international levels. Audits help ensure compliance with these regulations, reducing the risk of penalties, legal issues, and reputational damage. They also help organizations stay up to date with evolving regulatory requirements.
Identifying Areas for Process Improvement: Audits provide valuable insights into the efficiency and effectiveness of operational processes within healthcare organizations. By identifying areas for improvement, audits empower organizations to streamline processes, eliminate redundancies, and enhance productivity. This, in turn, can lead to cost savings and better resource allocation.
Detecting and Preventing Fraud and Abuse: Healthcare fraud and abuse can have severe consequences, including financial losses, compromised patient care, and reputational damage. Audits play a crucial role in detecting fraudulent activities, such as billing irregularities or inappropriate use of resources, allowing organizations to take prompt action and implement preventive measures.
Enhancing Organizational Performance and Efficiency: Through audits, healthcare organizations can gain a comprehensive understanding of their strengths and weaknesses. The insights gained from audits enable organizations to make informed decisions, optimize operations, and enhance overall performance and efficiency.
The purpose and benefits of audits in healthcare demonstrate their critical role in ensuring the delivery of high-quality care, maintaining compliance, and improving organizational performance. In the next section, we will explore the process of conducting audits in healthcare, delving into the various steps involved and the key considerations to keep in mind.
Process of Conducting Audits in Healthcare
The process of conducting audits in healthcare involves several steps and considerations to ensure a thorough and effective evaluation of healthcare organizations. From pre-audit preparation to reporting and communication, each stage plays a critical role in the overall audit process. Let's explore the key steps involved in conducting audits in healthcare.
Before initiating an audit, proper pre-audit preparation is essential for setting the foundation of a successful assessment. This stage involves the following key activities:
Establishing Audit Objectives and Scope: Clearly defining the objectives and scope of the audit is crucial. This includes identifying the specific areas or processes to be audited, the goals to be achieved, and the timeline for the audit.
Assembling an Audit Team: Building a competent and multidisciplinary team is vital to ensure a comprehensive assessment. The team should consist of individuals with expertise in different areas, such as finance, compliance, clinical care, and risk management.
Developing an Audit Plan: Creating a well-defined audit plan helps in organizing and structuring the audit process. The plan should outline the methodologies, tools, and techniques to be used, as well as the specific procedures to be followed during the audit.
Data Collection and Analysis
Once the pre-audit preparation is complete, the next phase involves gathering relevant data and analyzing it to gain insights into the organization's practices. This stage includes the following steps:
Gathering Relevant Documents and Records: Auditors collect a wide range of documents and records, including financial statements, medical records, policies and procedures, regulatory compliance documentation, and any other relevant information required to assess the organization's operations.
Conducting Interviews with Staff and Stakeholders: Engaging with key personnel and stakeholders is crucial to gaining a comprehensive understanding of the organization's processes and practices. Interviews help auditors gather firsthand information, clarify any ambiguities, and identify potential issues.
Analyzing Data and Identifying Potential Issues: Through data analysis, auditors examine the information collected and compare it against established benchmarks, industry standards, and best practices. This analysis helps identify potential risks, areas of non-compliance, inefficiencies, or opportunities for improvement.
Reporting and Communication
The reporting and communication phase involves documenting the audit findings and effectively communicating them to stakeholders. This stage includes the following steps:
Documenting Audit Findings and Recommendations: Auditors prepare a comprehensive report that outlines their findings, observations, and recommendations. The report should be clear, concise, and provide actionable insights for the organization to address identified issues.
Presenting Audit Results to Management and Stakeholders: A crucial aspect of the audit process is presenting the audit results to management and relevant stakeholders. This allows for open dialogue, clarification of findings, and discussion of potential corrective actions.
Follow-Up Actions and Implementation of Recommendations: After the audit report is presented, it is essential to ensure that the recommended actions are implemented effectively. Follow-up actions may include monitoring the progress of implementation, providing support and guidance, and conducting periodic reviews to evaluate the effectiveness of the corrective measures taken.
The process of conducting audits in healthcare is a comprehensive and iterative one, involving careful planning, data collection, analysis, and reporting. Each step aims to provide valuable insights, promote accountability, and drive improvements within healthcare organizations. In the next section, we will discuss the key challenges and considerations that auditors face when conducting audits in the healthcare industry.
Key Challenges and Considerations in Healthcare Audits
While audits in healthcare are essential for ensuring accountability, compliance, and quality, they come with their set of challenges and considerations. Auditors face various obstacles that can impact the effectiveness and efficiency of the audit process. Understanding these challenges and taking them into account is crucial for successful audit execution. Let's explore some key challenges and considerations in healthcare audits.
Data Privacy and Security Concerns
One of the primary challenges in healthcare audits relates to data privacy and security. Healthcare organizations handle sensitive patient information, and auditors must ensure that the data collected and analyzed during the audit process is protected and kept confidential. Adherence to privacy regulations, such as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) in the United States, is paramount. Auditors must have proper protocols and safeguards in place to handle and store sensitive data securely.
Staff Resistance and Organizational Culture
Audits can sometimes be met with resistance from staff within healthcare organizations. Employees may perceive audits as a threat to their job security or view them as an intrusion into their daily routines. Additionally, organizational culture plays a significant role in shaping the perception of audits. A culture that values transparency, accountability, and continuous improvement is more likely to embrace audits positively. It is crucial for auditors to address staff concerns, communicate the purpose and benefits of audits, and foster a supportive environment that encourages cooperation and participation.
Evolving Regulatory Requirements
The healthcare industry is subject to constantly evolving regulatory requirements. Auditors must stay up to date with these regulations and standards to ensure that audits are conducted in accordance with the latest guidelines. Failure to keep pace with regulatory changes can result in incomplete or inaccurate assessments, potentially leading to compliance issues for the organization. Auditors must invest in continuous education and professional development to stay informed about the latest regulatory developments.
Resource Constraints and Budget Limitations
Resource constraints and budget limitations can pose significant challenges in conducting audits. Healthcare organizations may have limited resources allocated to audit activities, such as staffing, technology, and training. This can create difficulties in performing comprehensive audits and may require auditors to prioritize areas of focus. It is essential for auditors to effectively allocate available resources, leverage technology tools to streamline processes, and communicate resource requirements to management to ensure adequate support.
Ensuring Objectivity and Independence in Audits
Maintaining objectivity and independence is a fundamental principle in auditing. Auditors must be free from bias and conflicts of interest to provide unbiased assessments. However, in the healthcare industry, auditors might encounter challenges in maintaining objectivity due to personal relationships, organizational pressures, or potential conflicts of interest. It is crucial for auditors to adhere to professional ethics and standards, establish clear boundaries, and maintain a high level of integrity throughout the audit process.
Mitigating Potential Conflicts of Interest
Conflicts of interest can arise in healthcare audits, particularly when auditors have prior relationships with the organization being audited or have personal interests in the outcome of the audit. These conflicts can compromise the integrity and credibility of the audit process. Auditors must have robust policies and procedures in place to identify and address conflicts of interest, ensuring that audits are conducted impartially and without any undue influence.
Addressing these key challenges and considerations in healthcare audits is crucial for ensuring the integrity, effectiveness, and reliability of the audit process. In the next section, we will explore best practices and tips for conducting effective healthcare audits, providing guidance to auditors and healthcare organizations in optimizing their audit activities.
Best Practices and Tips for Effective Healthcare Audits
Conducting effective healthcare audits requires careful planning, attention to detail, and adherence to best practices. By following established guidelines and implementing key strategies, auditors can optimize the audit process and ensure meaningful outcomes. Let's explore some best practices and tips for conducting effective healthcare audits.
Establishing a Robust Audit Framework and Program
To conduct effective healthcare audits, organizations should establish a robust audit framework and program. This includes developing clear audit policies, procedures, and guidelines that align with industry standards. The audit program should outline the objectives, scope, and frequency of audits, as well as the responsibilities of the audit team members. A well-defined framework provides a structured approach to audits, ensuring consistency and thoroughness across all assessments.
Conducting Regular and Targeted Audits
Regular and targeted audits are essential for maintaining a proactive approach to quality improvement and risk management. Instead of relying solely on reactive audits, organizations should implement a schedule of regular audits to identify potential issues before they escalate. Targeted audits focus on specific areas or processes of concern, allowing for a more in-depth assessment. By combining regular and targeted audits, organizations can continuously monitor performance, identify trends, and implement timely interventions.
Utilizing Technology and Data Analytics in Audits
Incorporating technology and data analytics into the audit process can significantly enhance its effectiveness. Audit management software and data analytics tools enable auditors to streamline data collection, analysis, and reporting. These tools can help identify patterns, outliers, and potential areas of non-compliance more efficiently. By leveraging technology, auditors can also automate certain audit procedures, saving time and resources.
Engaging Stakeholders and Fostering a Culture of Accountability
Effective healthcare audits require the active engagement of stakeholders at all levels of the organization. This includes management, staff, and external partners. By involving stakeholders in the audit process, organizations can gather valuable insights, address concerns, and foster a culture of accountability. Regular communication and collaboration help create a shared understanding of the audit objectives and outcomes, promoting buy-in and cooperation.
Continuous Monitoring and Improvement of Audit Processes
Audit processes should be subject to ongoing evaluation and improvement. Auditors should regularly review their methodologies, tools, and procedures to ensure they remain relevant and effective. Feedback from stakeholders and lessons learned from previous audits should be incorporated into the audit program to drive continuous improvement. By continuously monitoring and refining audit processes, organizations can enhance their ability to identify risks, improve compliance, and drive positive change.
Training and Developing Audit Professionals
Investing in the training and development of audit professionals is crucial for ensuring the competence and effectiveness of the audit team. Auditors should receive comprehensive training on relevant regulations, auditing standards, and industry best practices. Continuous professional development programs help auditors stay updated with the latest trends, technologies, and regulatory changes. By investing in their professional growth, organizations can foster a skilled and knowledgeable audit team.
By implementing these best practices and tips, auditors and healthcare organizations can enhance the effectiveness and value of their audits. These practices contribute to improved patient safety, better compliance, and a culture of continuous improvement within the healthcare industry.
Best Practices and Tips for Effective Healthcare Audits
In this section, we will continue exploring additional best practices and tips for conducting effective healthcare audits. These strategies are designed to optimize the audit process and ensure meaningful outcomes.
Utilize Risk-Based Approach
A risk-based approach is a key best practice in healthcare audits. By focusing on high-risk areas, organizations can allocate resources effectively and prioritize their audit efforts. Conducting a risk assessment allows auditors to identify and address potential vulnerabilities, ensuring that audits are targeted and impactful.
Engage Audit Clients
Engaging audit clients throughout the audit process is crucial for successful outcomes. By involving key stakeholders from the beginning, auditors can gain a deeper understanding of the organization's operations, challenges, and goals. Regular communication, collaboration, and feedback sessions with audit clients enhance transparency and build trust, leading to more effective audits.
Leverage Benchmarking and Best Practices
Benchmarking against industry best practices and standards provides valuable insights and helps identify areas for improvement. By comparing their performance to peers and industry benchmarks, healthcare organizations can identify gaps, implement best practices, and drive continuous improvement. Auditors can leverage benchmarking data to provide context and recommendations based on industry standards.
Promote Knowledge Sharing and Collaboration
Promoting knowledge sharing and collaboration among auditors is essential for professional growth and the advancement of audit practices. Establishing communities of practice, organizing knowledge sharing sessions, and encouraging collaboration through case studies or forums can enhance the expertise and effectiveness of auditors. Sharing experiences and lessons learned helps auditors stay updated with emerging trends and challenges in the healthcare industry.
Ensure Clear and Actionable Recommendations
One of the primary goals of healthcare audits is to provide actionable recommendations that drive positive change. Auditors should ensure that their recommendations are clear, specific, and supported by evidence. Recommendations should be prioritized based on their impact, feasibility, and potential for improvement. Providing practical solutions and guidance enables healthcare organizations to implement necessary changes effectively.
Monitor Audit Follow-Up and Track Progress
Monitoring the progress of audit recommendations and tracking their implementation is crucial for ensuring that the desired changes occur. Auditors should establish a system for monitoring follow-up actions, including timelines and responsible parties. Regular follow-up assessments help evaluate the effectiveness of corrective measures and provide opportunities for course correction if necessary.
Embrace Continuous Improvement
Continuous improvement is a fundamental principle for effective healthcare audits. Auditors should strive for ongoing learning, refinement of methodologies, and incorporation of emerging best practices. Regularly reviewing and updating audit processes, based on feedback, lessons learned, and emerging trends, ensures that audits remain relevant and impactful.
By adopting these best practices and implementing these tips, auditors can enhance the effectiveness, efficiency, and value of healthcare audits. These strategies contribute to improving patient outcomes, strengthening compliance, and fostering a culture of continuous improvement within healthcare organizations.
Conclusion: The Value of Audits in Healthcare
Audits play a critical role in the healthcare industry, ensuring accountability, compliance, and the delivery of high-quality care. Through comprehensive assessments, audits contribute to patient safety, process improvement, and organizational performance. The purpose and benefits of audits in healthcare are wide-ranging, encompassing areas such as patient safety, compliance with regulations, process improvement, fraud prevention, and organizational efficiency.
The process of conducting audits in healthcare involves careful planning, data collection, analysis, reporting, and follow-up actions. Pre-audit preparation sets the foundation for a successful assessment, while data collection and analysis provide valuable insights into the organization's practices. Reporting and communication ensure that the audit findings and recommendations are effectively communicated to stakeholders, leading to actionable outcomes.
However, healthcare audits also come with challenges and considerations. Data privacy and security concerns, staff resistance, evolving regulatory requirements, resource constraints, ensuring objectivity and independence, and mitigating conflicts of interest are some of the key challenges auditors face. Addressing these challenges requires a proactive approach, focusing on establishing robust audit frameworks, engaging stakeholders, leveraging technology, and investing in professional development.
By implementing best practices and tips for effective healthcare audits, auditors can optimize their processes and outcomes. Establishing a risk-based approach, engaging audit clients, leveraging benchmarking and best practices, promoting knowledge sharing and collaboration, ensuring clear recommendations, monitoring follow-up actions, and embracing continuous improvement are some of the strategies that contribute to the success of healthcare audits.
In conclusion, audits in healthcare are invaluable in promoting patient safety, ensuring compliance, driving process improvement, and enhancing organizational performance. By conducting effective audits, healthcare organizations can continually strive for excellence, providing high-quality care and fostering a culture of accountability and continuous improvement. Through a proactive and comprehensive approach to audits, the healthcare industry can achieve its goals of delivering safe, efficient, and patient-centered care. | <urn:uuid:fca8a5e4-1157-40c2-a4b3-6b11e51dd6b0> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://brellium.com/audits-in-healthcare | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.924556 | 4,126 | 3.109375 | 3 |
What is a Developmental Optometrist?
Learn about the difference between a routine eye exam and an evaluation with a developmental optometrist!
Developmental optometry begins with the approach that vision is a learned skill. We aren’t born knowing how to see, we develop it over time. A developmental optometrist does a deeper dive into a person’s vision to see how their eyes learned to work, and what can be done to fix them if they didn’t learn to work efficiently.
There are only 12 developmental optometrists in South Carolina that are part of the College of Optometrists in Vision Development. Dr. Jesse Willingham of Brighter Outlook Vision is proud to be one of them!
What makes a developmental optometrist different from your regular eye doctor? At a routine eye exam, your typical eye doctor is looking at visual acuity, the sharpness of your vision when you look at something far away, seeing if you need glasses for better visual acuity, and checking the health of your eyes. Often we think of 20/20 as being perfect, but that is just one of many skills you need to see clearly and efficiently. For many people, their yearly visit to the eye doctor is all they need.
However, as many as 10% of people have a functional vision problem that impairs their ability to read, learn, or maintain attention. Developmental optometrists specialize in treating those individuals who need more than glasses. These patients can have subtle symptoms that often aren’t considered, causing many of them to suffer their whole life thinking there’s nothing that can be done to help. But they don’t have to struggle.
A developmental optometrist is going to test more than a dozen visual skills at an initial evaluation to see what is going on with the visual system, including:
- Eye Movement Skills (How well is visual attention held on a moving object?)
- Eye Tracking (Do the eyes move accurately and efficiently from place to place?)
- Eye Teaming Skills (Do the eyes work together as a team? Is the teamwork easy or difficult? Is it better when looking far than looking close?)
- Depth Perception (Does the visual system appreciate differences in distance provided by the slightly different perspectives between the 2 eyes?)
- Eye Focusing Skills (How well do the eyes obtain and sustain clear vision at various distances?)
- Eye Fixation (Do the eyes hold still to maintain attention?)
- Eye Alignment/Strabismus
If during this initial evaluation the patient is determined to have a functional vision problem that can be addressed with vision therapy, sometimes a second evaluation is scheduled to look deeper into the condition. Specifically, this evaluation uses a number of standardized tests and measures to assess visual processing, or how the brain uses visual information, as well as other screenings for related problems that may indicate additional help from other professionals. Areas looked at include:
- Spatial processing
- Visual memory
- Visual-motor coordination
- Visual problem solving
- Visual sequencing
A developmental optometrist will then consider the whole of the problem and create a program of care tailored to the patient. A program of vision therapy usually involves weekly sessions with the doctor, engaging in activities that help create new neural pathways that teach your eyes and brain to work together, so your vision no longer impedes on your life, but enhances it.
Optometrists have very specific training on their path to becoming eye experts. Dr. Jesse Willingham earned his Bachelor of Science in Cognitive Science and Psychology from the University of Evansville and then completed his doctoral training at the University of Missouri – St. Louis College of Optometry, which included several rotations at vision therapy practices across the United States. At graduation Dr. Willingham was awarded special honors for his achievements in vision therapy.
Dr. Willingham then completed his training at the State University of New York College of Optometry’s prestigious Irwin B. Suchoff Residency in Vision Therapy and Rehabilitation in New York City, where he was awarded the honor of the Dr. Martin Birmbaum Memorial Award for Behavioral Optometry.
So what makes Dr. Jesse special?
- Training to treat patients beyond their regular eye exam
- Years of schooling + a specialized residency at one of the best optometry schools
- His passion for helping people
If you think you or a loved one might have a vision problem, connect with us at Brighter Outlook Vision. We will listen to your problems and tell you if it sounds like a visual problem. If so, you can come for an evaluation like no other and learn about a personalized treatment that can transform your life. | <urn:uuid:5c8e572b-68f5-4c77-a41b-af912544418b> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://brighteroutlookvision.com/developmental-optometrist/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.95403 | 960 | 2.625 | 3 |
Canada has a long history of immigration.
Since 1867, more than 17 million immigrants have come to call Canada home. Today, immigration is the main driving force for Canada’s population growth.
In partnership with the Department of Canadian Heritage of the Government of Canada, Canadian Geographic Education has developed an infographic and lesson plan about the history of immigration and citizenship in Canada. Students will learn about the immigration system in Canada and the process for becoming a Canadian citizen. Using case studies, they will gain a deeper understanding of the challenges that immigrants face. Students will also discuss the values inherent to Canadian citizenship.
Click to download the Canadian Immigration and Citizenship lesson plan.
Click to download the Canadian Immigration and Citizenship student worksheet.
Click to download the Immigration in Canada infographic. | <urn:uuid:62da1491-90f5-41a2-bc7d-4ac7a3c12a70> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://cangeoeducation.ca/en/resources/canadian-immigration-and-citizenship/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.93964 | 157 | 3.78125 | 4 |
Passive middle ear implants have significantly transformed the lives of individuals with hearing impairments. This solution benefits those struggling with conductive and mixed hearing loss. These implants restore sound perception and enhance overall hearing abilities by bypassing damaged or malfunctioning parts of the middle ear.
The procedure involves surgically implanting a small device that interfaces directly with the middle ear structures, acting as a mechanical conductor. When sound waves reach the implant, it effectively transfers the vibrations onto the inner ear, subsequently stimulating the auditory nerve, leading to an improved hearing experience. This innovation offers a reliable and long-lasting solution, especially for individuals who are not suitable candidates for traditional hearing aids or active middle ear implants.
There are numerous middle ear implants, also known as prosthesis, to choose from. This includes stapes prosthesis, partial ossicular replacement prosthesis (PORP) and total ossicular replacement prosthesis (TORP).
Stapes replacement prosthesis. | <urn:uuid:d6bc62bb-6ea4-44f7-a13d-c952ae594363> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://capehearingimplants.co.za/featured_item/passive-middle-ear-implants/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.907472 | 193 | 2.640625 | 3 |
Air pollution from automobiles is one of the most common causes of global warming. Vehicle emissions result in the formation of acid rain and other types of harmful air pollutants. It is difficult to assess how much automobile pollution causes environmental problems, since the costs of production and disposal are beyond the control of the consumer. However, there are ways to reduce the impact of motor vehicles. In this article, we will look at the different ways that you can help. We’ll also look at how you can reduce your own air pollution.
The first step to reducing automobile pollution is to understand what is happening to the environment and how it can be reduced. There are several types of pollution caused by cars, and the most prominent is air and health pollution. Most cars have exhaust systems and light switches. These systems are supposed to convert pollutants from the exhaust into less harmful substances, but they are often not effective. For example, a car’s catalytic converter can cause the production of ammonia gas, which is a more harmful compound to the environment than nitrogen oxide.
Automobiles are a major source of air pollution, contributing more than 60 percent of all pollutants in the atmosphere in 1966. The introduction to the book describes the different types of car emissions and the health consequences of these emissions. The authors also look at how air quality affects human health, and explain how automobiles can be a contributing factor to air pollution. It is a thorough reference for specialists and an informative primer for non-specialists alike.
Studies have shown that emissions from automobiles can lead to respiratory problems, lung cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and headaches. Some studies have also linked the effects of auto emissions to low birth weight in infants. In addition to the health risks of automobile emissions, automobiles contribute to the destruction of forests and eat away at rubber, dyes, and textiles. They contribute to the destruction of the planet, so you can’t blame them for anything.
In fact, automobile emissions can harm humans and the environment. They cause many different types of illnesses. They affect aquatic life, including fish and plants. They also damage our air quality and alter the weather. Some of the pollutants are even harmful to animals and humans. But they are all important and have real impacts on our lives. So, it’s vital to do your part to reduce automobile pollution. This way, you can help protect our planet. And, you can even make a difference.
The United States government has enacted laws and regulations limiting automobile emissions. The U.S. government has set standards for emissions from vehicles, which fall into three categories: hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxides. The former is a result of incomplete combustion and nitrogen oxides are released into the atmosphere at high temperatures. The government has adopted these regulations to reduce the amount of these pollutants, but the road-based air pollution problem is still a significant problem. | <urn:uuid:3428fb49-b696-4357-8df4-fe010c40967b> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://carandbikenews.com/how-automobile-pollution-affects-the-environment/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.944065 | 588 | 3.421875 | 3 |
by Anisa Patail, O.D.
February is here, and Valentine’s Day is around the corner! We see red hearts everywhere as a sign for the holiday, but let’s talk about what red eyes are a sign for. There are several conditions that can cause this very common finding. Depending on the symptoms you’re experiencing, and the amount/severity of inflammatory signs in the eye, a doctor can diagnose the cause for your red eye.
Most commonly, red eyes are caused by a condition called conjunctivitis. There are three main types of conjunctivitis: bacterial, allergic, and viral. Each of these can lead to irritation in the eyes including itching, burning, and discharge. The type of discharge experienced is key to determining the type of conjunctivitis: white/yellow vs thick/clear vs stringy/clear. Not all conjunctivitis is treated the same either. Most of the time, an antibiotic or steroid/antibiotic combination drop may be required. Sometimes, no drop is needed and the conjunctivitis will resolve on its own within a few weeks. Allergic conjunctivitis can be cleared with over-the-counter medications, although prescription drops may be required for severe cases.
A pinguecula is a very common, benign bump on the white part of the eye, the conjunctiva. Sometimes the pinguecula can become inflamed and turn red, called pingueculitis. The pinguecula can grow over to the clear part of the eye, at which point it’s called a pterygium, and almost always leads to redness in the eye. Most of the time, the pinguecula and pterygium do not cause irritation, but sometimes it can lead to a foreign body sensation, at which point artificial tears are recommended.
Conditions that affect the lids and the lashes, called blepharitis, can also cause red eyes, as well as itching, burning, and dry eyes. This can be due to bacteria buildup on the lashes, mites on the lashes, and capped oil glands. The most effective treatment is to clean the lids and lashes with lid scrubs, such as Ocusoft, and to use warm compresses on the eyes. In severe cases of blepharitis, oral antibiotics may be necessary, as well as prescription eye drops.
Trauma to the eye is another very common cause for red eyes. A foreign body in the eye such as a piece of metal, or even an eyelash in the eye can cause irritation and redness until removed. When a foreign body gets in the eye, it can also cause a scratch on the cornea (the clear part of the eye) or conjunctiva, which is called an abrasion. This may require artificial tears, or antibiotic drops to heal.
Oftentimes, a red eye is simply that: a red bloodshot eye with no symptoms. This is due to a burst blood vessel in the conjunctiva called a subconjunctival hemorrhage. This resolves on its own in a few weeks. It is most commonly caused by physical straining: excessive coughing/sneezing, constipation, heavy lifting, etc. If you experience this often, specific blood work may be necessary to rule out certain systemic conditions and bleeding disorders.
Other conditions that cause red eyes include keratitis, scleritis, episcleritis, dry eyes, and uveitis. So, before you go to your nearest drug store and pick up a bottle of “red eye relief” eye drops, make sure to see a doctor to be properly diagnosed for your red eye. Our doctors can help you with red eyes or any other eye care issues. To learn more or to schedule an appointment call us at 800-282-3937 or visit us online at EYESFL.COM
Bio: Anisa Patail, O.D. is a Board-Certified Optometrist who practices at the Haines City location for Eye Specialists of Mid-Florida. She is currently accepting new patients. | <urn:uuid:047a6398-b36f-42f4-9366-5d193946bf5b> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://centralfloridahealthnews.com/theres-more-than-meets-the-red-eye/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.936964 | 856 | 2.8125 | 3 |
- Promote the use digital technologies and open data tools in learning and teaching.
- Increase the capacity of learning and teaching to integrate democratic engagement considerations into educational plans and strategies.
- Establish suitable styles of learning to access and integrate open data into schools.
- Improve educational stakeholders’ response to the need for data and information literacy in schools and teacher training.
- Production of a European review of digital data literacy opportunities in terms of school curricula, qualifications and the availability of digital open data tools in secondary schools.
- Development of a training course for teachers on how to use open data and digital technologies in addressing digital literacy and dealing with open data, data tools, citizen science and learning approaches related to democratic engagement.
- Creation of a teaching toolkit of resources and materials to support the integration of D3 into secondary schools.
- Release of an online exhibit of powerful examples demonstrating the power of data and information based on the work of students and teachers related to democratic engagement and advocacy for active citizenship.
- Review of school curricula, qualifications and digital open data tools in Secondary schools
- D3 Professional teacher development course [Massive Open On-line Course (MOOC)]
- D3 Teaching toolkit
- Gallery of Case Studies [Open Education Resource (OER)]
- Teachers and trainers working with young teachers will be made acquainted with an innovative approach, which provides access to active citizenship and motivating students through using the beneficiaries’ inclination towards new media and boosting their self-esteem.
- The educators will be able to integrate the D3 tools and approach into their pedagogical practice, thus increase their success rate in their programmes and so increase their level of educational quality and personal job satisfaction
- Students will be motivated to democratically and critically engage with data, information, media, increasing their self-esteem through being proud of their capacity to produce and publish high-quality digital content, acquiring key digital competences which increases their employability and may be the starting point for further training and career pathways.
- The project can thus serve as a stimulus for further academic investigations in this direction. | <urn:uuid:6e4a8f02-7b3e-4259-80c4-1140e946b71b> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://cesie.org/en/project/d3/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.927792 | 430 | 3.390625 | 3 |
A Comenius Learning Series Event co-sponsored by the Salem Creek RCC.
To register online follow this link:
Thursday, June 16, 2016
Trinity Moravian Church | 7:00pm
The history of the Moravian Church is filled with stories of people dedicated to the way of Christ, both black and white. The 250th anniversary of Salem presents a unique opportunity to explore how who we were shapes who we are as Moravians today and who we can be tomorrow.
Join us as Dr. Jon Sensbach, author of A Separate Canaan: The Making of an Afro-Moravian World in North Carolina, 1763-1840, and professor of history at Florida State University, takes a closer look at St. Phillips Moravian Church, one of the oldest African-American congregations in the nation. Who created it and how has it endured for nearly two centuries? Examining the church’s origins places St. Philips at the heart of shifting race relations in the Moravian community and beyond. It also illuminates the African-American struggle for self-determination and complex white attitudes toward the black church in America. A Q&A will follow Dr. Sensbach’s lecture. | <urn:uuid:4a5721c4-023f-4b34-9881-d0be37d26625> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://christmoravianchurch.org/2016/05/30/comenius-learning-series-event/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.940619 | 257 | 2.8125 | 3 |
First post in a five-part series about how transportation will evolve as an ecosystem
It will take 40 years for autonomous vehicles to replace human drivers across the world. Despite the hype and Tesla’s best efforts, it will not take 20 or 10 years, and definitely not 5. A full 40 years to complete this ecosystem-wide transition. 10 years from now, there will be some people riding in autonomous vehicles (AV) in some cities and regions, but it will take a lot longer for AVs to spread across the globe.
If you’re excited about autonomous vehicles and have been following the field in the last few years, there are probably a few things you seem to “know” — or have been told — already:
- Autonomous vehicles are just around the corner. By 2021, they will be all around us. In 10 years, half of all U.S. vehicles will be autonomous. After all, Astro Teller said so.
- No one’s going to own an autonomous vehicle. You will just hail them with your iPhone 11. They’ll arrive, operated by Uber or Lyft — whoever owns the market by then.
- Autonomous vehicles will solve all of our mobility issues, eliminate car collisions, and massively reduce congestion.
- Autonomous vehicles will transform cities — making parking lots obsolete, freeing up as much as 30% of city space, and allowing us after 100 years to reclaim our streets back from cars and ugly traffic.
These ideas and predictions are being widely advocated by technology enthusiasts, tech company executives, and self-described futurists. However, they are all the rage, without realistic substance. Below and with subsequent posts in this series I will try to convince you these concepts are aspirational and speculative at best — and likely help with recruiting — but in some cases are even just wrong.
What We Actually Know
Autonomous vehicles are coming. It may take five years until we resolve the key technological hurdles or it might take a decade, but there is no doubt that in coming years the technology required to safely navigate a vehicle within a well-defined region will be developed.
There is enough technological headway in the form of sensor and compute abundance, as well as ample investment deployed to make it a reality. Autonomous vehicles will have a profound impact on the human condition, on daily life in the city, and on the economy. The 40 years implications will be far and wide, impacting such disparate fields such as real estate, the alcohol industry, and health & wellness.
Since the dawn of time our society, our cities, and our economy were organized based on our available forms of mobility and transportation. It is not by chance that when you walk randomly around any major European city, eventually you will need to cross a major river.
The car transformed how we build cities brought us the suburbs and conquered the public space, with us humans left with small to non-existent sidewalks to claim our own.
We should expect the autonomy revolution to have an equally large impact on the human condition, on cities, on our way of life and our quality of living, as the boat, train and car had in years past. However, that impact will be complex and unpredictable.
Not Just Around The Corner
It took 40 years (1880–1920) for electric motors to replace steam engines and pulleys in factories, even though on day one it was obvious they’re a much better solution. It took 37 years (1886–1923) for cars to reach 10% of the US population (13M), 43 years to reach 20%, it hovered at or below 20% for another 25 years, and only after world war II, in 1948, a full 62 years after the introduction of the first car, did it start to grow beyond the 20% mark and become a hallmark of the post-war prosperity.
But more importantly, we need the time to logistically manage the transition. There is an entire ecosystem to consider, manage, and work towards a growth minded collaboration. Toyota, the largest car manufacturer in the world is producing and selling 10 Million vehicles a year. So does GM. No one can whip up factories to produce hundreds of Millions of vehicle a year, Especially If they believe in the projection that we’re about to reach ‘peak car’ and number of cars sold will go down over time. Not to mention this retooling of the mobility industry will cost a lot. As much as $5 trillion in the U.S. alone.
We are inspired by this exciting future that is within our grasp. We can see it and touch it with our fingertips. We will likely need a nice dose of patience in the coming years. Stay tuned for the next post about what we think will evolve with regards to ridesharing and road usage across the globe. For an early taste, look to my opinion piece in The Information last month. | <urn:uuid:87088a14-dc63-4782-af15-3af8bce793e6> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://data.getnexar.com/blog/buckle-up-transportation-will-completely-change-in-40-years/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.959028 | 1,011 | 2.75 | 3 |
International Law and Cyberspace
International law, including the Charter of the United Nations, applies in cyberspace. This has been acknowledged in two processes established by the United Nations General Assembly, namely the Group of Governmental Experts on advancing responsible state behaviour in cyberspace in the context of international security (GGE) as well as the Open-ended Working Group on security of and in the use of information and communications technologies (OEWG).
Ireland has published a Position Paper on the Application of International Law in Cyberspace as a contribution to discussions at UN level, particularly in the context of its participation in the OEWG, aimed at developing a better shared understanding of how international law applies in cyberspace. It is hoped that these discussions will contribute to promoting responsible state behaviour in cyberspace and a more stable, secure, open, accessible and peaceful cyber environment with international law and the rules-based international order at its centre. | <urn:uuid:e7dff5e7-b055-4836-a132-203dec2b22a6> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://dfa.ie/our-role-policies/international-priorities/international-law/internationallawandcyberspace/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.931385 | 192 | 2.546875 | 3 |
Master of Science (MS)
First Committee Member
Number of Pages
A buffer overflow occurs during program execution when a fixed-size buffer has had too much data copied into it. This causes the data to overwrite into adjacent memory locations, and, depending on what is stored there, the behavior of the program itself might be affected; Attackers can select the value to place in the location in order to redirect execution to the location of their choice. If it contains machine code, the attacker causes the program to execute any arbitrary set of instructions---essentially taking control of the process. Successfully modifying the function return address allows the attacker to execute instructions with the same privileges as that of the attacked program; In this thesis, we propose to design software with multiple variants of the modules/functions. It can provide strong defense against the buffer overflow attack. A way can be provided to select a particular variant (implementation) of the module randomly when software is executed. This proves to be useful when an attacker designs the attack for a particular variant/implementation which may not be chosen in the random selection process during execution. It would be much difficult for the attacker to design an attack because of the different memory (stack-frame) layout the software could have every time it is executed.
Attack; Buffer; Defense; Design; Diversity; Overflow; Software
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
If you are the rightful copyright holder of this dissertation or thesis and wish to have the full text removed from Digital Scholarship@UNLV, please submit a request to [email protected] and include clear identification of the work, preferably with URL.
Metkar, Kunal, "Defense against buffer overflow attack by software design diversity" (2007). UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations. 2249.
IN COPYRIGHT. For more information about this rights statement, please visit http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ | <urn:uuid:27a169b1-93da-4461-a700-691f402bb269> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/rtds/2249/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.879038 | 404 | 2.625 | 3 |
This online calculator is a currency reference tool that provides information on the currency used in a selected country as well as obsolete currencies. It displays the name, symbol, short symbol, and effective date of the currency for the selected country.
This calculator can be used as a handy reference tool for travelers, investors, or anyone who needs to work with different currencies.
It's worth noting that the effective date represents the date when the currency was first introduced or when it underwent significant changes, such as a revaluation or a change in the currency code. Some countries may have used multiple currencies throughout their history, so this calculator can also display information about obsolete currencies that are no longer in use.
Here are some interesting facts about currencies:
The first currency ever recorded was the shekel, which was used in Mesopotamia as far back as 3000 BC.
The euro is the most widely used currency in the world, with over 337 million people using it as their currency.
The name of the Japanese currency, yen, comes from the Chinese word for "round object" or "circle", which is a reference to the shape of the coins that were used in China during the Tang dynasty.
The word "dollar" comes from the German word "Thaler", which was a type of coin that was widely used in Europe in the 16th century.
The symbol for the Indian rupee, ₹, was adopted in 2010 and is derived from the Devanagari script, which is used to write Hindi, Sanskrit, and other languages.
The data source for the currency calculator is CLDR (Unicode Common Locale Data Repository). This calculator is a useful tool for anyone who needs to quickly look up information on a foreign currency or who wants to learn more about the history of currencies around the world.
The file is very large. Browser slowdown may occur during loading and creation. | <urn:uuid:7bf86c6c-c3ca-43ec-aea6-1f7395b99082> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://embed.planetcalc.com/8940/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.95906 | 387 | 3.09375 | 3 |
Recommended by Loi Hime
"BREATHE" and "BREATH"
"Breathe" means to inhale and exhale. "Breath" refers to a single inhalation or exhalation. Ex.: Remember to breathe deeply and relax. She took a deep breath before diving.
"PRINCIPAL" and "PRINCIPLE"
"Principal" refers to a person in a position of authority or the primary part of something. "Principle" means a fundamental rule or belief. Ex.: The school principal addressed the students. The principal reason for our success is teamwork. Honesty is an important principle to uphold. | <urn:uuid:4fca954c-b957-4c5a-b734-949ffa0d6bbd> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://en.plusfiction.com/tag/category/Chrno-Crusade-11 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.946445 | 136 | 3.4375 | 3 |
The cranberry is a small sour fruit. It comes in several varieties, which range across northern America, Europe, and Asia.
Characteristics[edit | edit source]
Cranberries are small, red, and quite tart. They should be shiny and plump and range in color from bright light red to dark red. They are firm, containing edible seeds and a large amount of air. Ripe cranberries will bounce if they are in good condition. Shriveled berries or those with brown spots should be avoided. Cranberries do not ripen after harvest.
Storage[edit | edit source]
Store fresh cranberries in the refrigerator. As with all berries, if one starts getting soft and decaying, the others will quickly soften and decay also. Be sure to sort out the soft ones if you plan to store them for more than a few days. Fresh cranberries may last up to 2 months in the refrigerator. Cooked cranberries can last up to a month in a covered container in the refrigerator. Washed cranberries may be frozen for up to 1 year in airtight containers.
Uses[edit | edit source]
No matter what preparation method you choose, cook cranberries only until they pop; overcooking gives them a bitter taste. Since cranberries are almost 90% water, do not thaw frozen cranberries before cooking them. Thawing will cause the fruit to break down, resulting in soft berries. Cranberries may be baked with a sweetener to make a topping or sauce. They are also good chopped with oranges to make a relish. | <urn:uuid:d10b16b4-5400-4720-9cec-813b3f38a6e9> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Cookbook:Cranberry | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.92301 | 325 | 2.5625 | 3 |
Fish sauce is very salty and has a strong flavour, not just of fish (due to the fermentation process). It is an essential ingredient in many South-East Asian recipes. It is also used as a basis for many other sauces.
When using fish sauce in a recipe, additional salt is generally unnecessary. Quantities of salt vary from country to country and from brand to brand, with Vietnamese fish sauces generally being saltier than those from Thailand. Additionally, some brands of fish sauce are more pungent and primarily for cooking, while others are more delicate and used mostly for salads as a dressing and to finish a dish.
See also[edit | edit source]
- Soy Sauce, which replaced fish sauce in pre-modern China and is used for similar purposes in Chinese and Japanese cuisine | <urn:uuid:aafd8b86-a37b-48c2-9813-06e52bfc4f44> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Cookbook:Fish_Sauce | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.951995 | 160 | 2.828125 | 3 |
Regular marijuana use may raise the risk for heart attack, stroke, or heart failure — especially among people with other underlying health issues — according to two studies presented at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 2023.
The first study found daily marijuana use raised a person’s risk of heart failure by about one-third, compared to people who never used marijuana.
The second study examined 28,535 marijuana users with existing cardiovascular risk factors — including high blood pressure, Type 2 diabetes, or high cholesterol. It found:
- 20% had an increased chance of having a major heart or brain event while hospitalized.
- 13.9% of marijuana users with cardiovascular risk factors had a major adverse heart and brain event while hospitalized compared to non-users.
- Marijuana users had a higher rate of heart attacks.
- High blood pressure and high cholesterol were predictors of major heart and brain problems among marijuana users.
Experts also noted that smoking marijuana increases concentrations of carbon monoxide and tar in the human body much like tobacco — and that both tobacco and marijuana have been linked to heart disease, chest pain, heart rhythm disturbances, heart attacks, and other serious problems.
All of this underscores what we have said for years: Marijuana may be many things, but “harmless” simply is not one of them. | <urn:uuid:8ac6feef-d1aa-45e3-bcbc-4f4143fed95b> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://familycouncil.org/?p=27100 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.93492 | 272 | 2.546875 | 3 |
The ninth child of well-to-do millers, Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn was born in Leiden, Netherlands on July 15, 1606. In 1620, after two years at Leiden University, Rembrandt became the pupil of Jacob van Swanenburgh. He subsequently moved to Amsterdam to apprentice with the leading history painter in the Netherlands, Pieter Lastman, absorbing his colorful palette and eloquent narrative approach. After six months, Rembrandt returned to Leiden and established his own studio. During the late 1620s, he enjoyed a friendly rivalry with the painter Jan Lievens, with whom he shared an ambition to become a leading painter of history subjects, and perhaps also a studio. Gerrit Dou was among his early students.
Moving permanently to Amsterdam in late 1631, Rembrandt established his studio in the art dealer Hendrick van Uylenburgh's premises. Their joint business venture capitalized on the growing market for portraits and history paintings by Dutch artists. Rembrandt immediately became the most prominent painter of portraits, introducing greater subtlety, presence and animation to the genre, as well as innovative group portraits. Many students came to the van Uylenburgh “academy“ to be trained in Rembrandt's manner of painting, including Jacob Backer, Govaert Flinck and Ferdinand Bol. In 1634 Rembrandt married van Uylenburgh's niece, Saskia van Uylenburgh.
Rembrandt's success in the 1630s was reflected in his purchase of a grand house on the Sint-Antonisbreestraat in 1639, which also served as his studio for work and the training of students. Rembrandt successfully controlled the availability of his own etched and engraved works, actively working to create market demand for them. In 1642, Saskia, in ill health following the birth and death of three children, died, leaving Rembrandt with their sole issue, a son called Titus. By the late 1640s, declining portrait commissions and disastrous speculative investments created financial strain on the artist. Following the bitter end to his relationship with Titus's nurse, Geertje Dircks, Hendrickje Stoffels entered Rembrandt's household in 1647 and became his lifelong companion.
Returning to powerful religious subjects in his later years, Rembrandt created works of great psychological complexity and monumentality. It was also a period fraught with personal difficulties, including insolvency and the sale of his house and collections in a series of auctions in 1657 and 1658. Rembrandt took up residence in a far smaller house on the Rozengracht in the Jordaan area of Amsterdam, an area that was home to many artists. In order to protect his earnings, Rembrandt became the employee of a company run by Hendrickje and Titus instituted to sell his drawings, prints and paintings.
Rembrandt remained famous, although his vigorous, broad brushwork and glowing palette was at variance with the prevailing taste in the Netherlands for a smooth, elegant, courtly manner of painting. He continued to receive commissions for history subjects, private portraits, and important public works from local patrons and art dealers, as well as from collectors abroad. Due in part to the protection provided by Hendrickje and Titus's business, little is known about Rembrandt's studio in his late years. One student, Aert de Gelder, is recorded working with him in 1661 and there may well have been others. Among Rembrandt's very last works were self-portraits, painted with vigor and expressiveness, in which the artist alertly fixes his gaze on the viewer. Rembrandt died on October 4, 1669, and was buried in Amsterdam's Westerkerk next to Titus and Hendrickje.
From October of 1916 through January of 1917, Rudolf Steiner gave a series
of nine lectures known as the Art Course. These lectures were given
the title of:
The History of Art.
Click here to discover what Steiner said about
in the fifth lecture, or in the entire | <urn:uuid:97e0a970-e5b5-4f38-b6ba-efdc0190d16e> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://fineart.elib.com/fineart.php?&dir=Site_index/Dutch/Rembrandt_van_Rijn | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.98068 | 850 | 2.65625 | 3 |
The philosopher Alexander Meiklejohn (1872–1964), a passionate advocate for free speech, wrote extensively on both educational theory and the First Amendment.
Meiklejohn said First Amendment’s allowed debate in order to make informed choices
He argued that the First Amendment’s primary purpose is to ensure that voters are free to engage in uninhibited debate and discussion in order to make informed choices about their self-government. His theories were influential in his time and are still widely discussed today.
Born in England, Meiklejohn moved with his family to Rhode Island when he was a child. After earning two degrees from Brown University, he received a Ph.D. in philosophy from Cornell in 1897. He was hired as a philosophy teacher at Brown and in 1901 was named dean of the university. He served as president of Amherst College from 1913 to 1924. He then founded an experimental college at the University of Wisconsin, where he was a professor, and in 1938 moved to the San Francisco School of Social Studies.
Meiklejohn also served for many years on the national committee of the American Civil Liberties Union. In 1963 he was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom.
Meiklejohn said self-governance is the justification for free speech
The core of Meiklejohn’s understanding of the First Amendment is that a commitment to self-governance is the bedrock principle that justifies freedom of speech.
As he wrote in “The First Amendment Is an Absolute” (Supreme Court Review ), Meiklejohn believed that the “revolutionary intent of the First Amendment” was to “deny to all subordinate agencies,” such as Congress or the president, any “authority to abridge the freedom of the electoral power of the people.”
In “What Does the First Amendment Mean” (University of Chicago Law Review 20 [Spring 1953]), he explained further that the First Amendment guarantees the political freedom of the people of the United States by ensuring that they are presented with open discussions of all issues, even from unpopular viewpoints. The value in free speech, therefore, is that it produces informed voters.
Critics say focus on promoting democracy undervalued non-political expression
Critics believe that Meiklejohn’s focus on the role of the First Amendment in promoting democracy undervalues speech and expression that is unrelated to politics.
Meiklejohn argued that speech that was related to self-government was protected by the First Amendment, while private expressions that did not deal with matters of public concern were protected only by the Fifth Amendment’s due process clause.
Critics argue that such a division is unjustified by the text of the Constitution and that such an understanding fails to protect art or other forms of self-expression. Meiklejohn attempted to counter such criticism by arguing that voters are informed by an extremely wide range of expressions, including literature and the arts.
This article was originally published in 2009. Professor Dara E. Purvis is a scholar of family law, contracts, feminist legal theory, and sexuality and the law. She is particularly interested in the intersection between gender stereotypes and the law. Her work examines gendered impacts of the law and proposes neutralizing reforms, most recently in the context of how the law defines parenthood. | <urn:uuid:8a920699-eba4-4dce-b21a-aebc74b0bd1e> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://firstamendment.mtsu.edu/article/alexander-meiklejohn/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.975723 | 680 | 3.546875 | 4 |
Follow Us on Twitter: @GoAfricaNetwork
52 African countries are now connected to submarine cables, either directly or by terrestrial cross-border fibre optic networks. 44% of Africans live within a 25-km reach of a fibre node.
The key question now is which cities and suburbs are taking the lead in building access networks? In an attempt to answer this question theFTTH Council Africa, in collaboration with Africa Bandwidth Maps are undertaking research to determine network reach and identify Africa’s most connected cities.
Africa’s inventory of terrestrial transmission networks has more than doubled in the last five years. According to the latest research by Africa Bandwidth Maps, Africa’s total inventory of transmission network edges towards 1 million route kilometres, the continent had a total of 586,707-km of operational fibre optic network by December 2014. This comprises of long-haul, metropolitan and FTTH/B (fibre-to-the-home/building) terrestrial fibre optic networks.
By Staff Writer @ IT News Africa
Of this inventory of 586,707–km of operational terrestrial fibre, at least 91,182-km was within cities: metropolitan fibre rings and FTTH/B networks. The metro rings distribute bandwidth from fibre optic nodes to districts and suburbs around each city. The FTTH/B networks provide the last mile access, delivering the bandwidth right to the door.
Terrestrial Fibre Reaches 44% of Africa’s Population
This network expansion has brought dozens of new towns, cities and countries within reach of high capacity national and international fibre backbone networks for the first time. Over the last five years, more than 150 million more Africans live within reach of fibre networks.
By June 2014, 44% of the population of Sub-Saharan Africa (410 million) lived within a 25-km range of an operational fibre optic network node. This compared to 41.8% of the population (371 million) in 2013, 40.0% (345 million) in 2012, 36.3% (313 million) in 2011, and 30.8% (259 million) in 2010.
The number of people within reach of a broadband service provided by fibre depends on the range of the fixed or wireless broadband access network used from the fibre node. In December 2014, 65.1% of the population (606 million people) lived within a 50-km range of an operational fibre optic network node. This distance of 50-km is the maximum theoretical range of a WiMAX network. 44.0% of the population (410 million) lived within a 25-km range, and 22.3% of the population (207 million) lived within a 10-km range of an operational fibre network node.
The new measurements now are how many people are within a zero kilometre reach of a fibre backbone. How many homes, public and commercial buildings are plugged directly into the fibre optic backbone?
FTTH Council Africa Survey
The FTTH Council Africa, in partnership with Africa Bandwidth Maps, announces its intention to conduct annual research to track FTTH/B penetration. Measuring penetration is critical to understand how the industry is progressing. The research will take place in the form of a short survey and will attempt to document as many metro and FTTH/B networks as possible. The aim is to determine network reach and ultimately understand how many homes, public and commercial buildings are connected and the rate at which this is growing. If we know this we will better understand what still needs to be done. We would like to see all African operators participate to ensure technical accuracy of the data. The results will, over time, also establish trends and this information is important for the industry.
The survey is now open for network operators to add your network locations on to the map, and to update details on the progress of your FTTH roll-out.
The results for Q1 2015 will be compiled in April 2015. To make sure that your network information is included, and to receive a summary of findings, please complete the survey by 31 March 2015.
To complete the short survey please click here. The information gathered in this research will be used to compile statistical indicators of FTTH/B penetration in Africa, and to keep the map of metro/ FTTH/ FTTB networks as up-to-date and accurate as possible.
The FTTH fibre map displays the metropolitan, FTTH and FTTB networks which are currently operational. To date, the map contains and 191 cities, towns and suburbs served by a total of 76 network operators, providing Metro/ FTTH/ FTTx services in sub-Saharan Africa. Use the map to click on a city or suburb to find more information on the network operators providing service, in many cases with operators providing their own interactive coverage maps, coverage checkers, and/ or a form to register interest to receive service. | <urn:uuid:d8ec1f17-8d6d-4cb8-ae99-e242b1748b66> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://goafricanetwork.org/2015/03/research-survey-set-to-track-ftthb-penetration-in-africa/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.92923 | 999 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Editor’s note: This story led off this week’s Future of Learning newsletter, which is delivered free to subscribers’ inboxes every other Wednesday with trends and top stories about education innovation.
In March, the Minneapolis Public Schools district was the target of a large ransomware attack that resulted in thousands of confidential documents — student mental health records, sexual assault incidents, suspensions and truancy reports, child abuse allegations, special education plans — dumped online.
Last year, a similar data breach of the Los Angeles school district led to thousands of students’ psychological records uploaded to the dark web. In 2020, Baltimore County Public Schools was hit with a cyberattack that disrupted the district’s remote learning programs, froze its operations and cost the school system nearly $10 million. On Sept. 1, Pennsylvania’s Chambersburg Area School District was the latest school district to be hit with a cyberattack.
Cyberattacks have become a growing threat to school districts across the country in recent years, with cybercrime gangs viewing school systems as soft targets because of their lack of cybersecurity infrastructure. While many school districts are starting to take steps to secure that infrastructure, there’s still a long way to go, according to experts.
“Students normally shouldn’t have to worry about their privacy and their safety when they’re going around the internet in a school-approved manner,” said Jake Chanenson, a Ph.D. student at the University of Chicago and one of the authors of a study released earlier this year on the privacy and security challenges facing K-12 education. But because schools don’t have enough staff with the expertise to properly vet safety risks associated with educational technology, he said, the increased use of that tech is putting students at risk.
School districts that have been hit say they are taking new safety precautions. After a phishing attack in 2019, the Atlanta Public Schools district hired a private firm to conduct security assessments of its networks to find blind spots and weaknesses, according to Olufemi “Femi” Aina, the district’s executive director of information technology. The district has also backed up sensitive school data offsite, invested in insurance that covers cybersecurity liability and added security procedures like multi-factor authentication on school devices, he said. In addition, the district is providing cybersecurity education to employees and students. School faculty and staff participate in mock phishing drills and are sent to cybersecurity training. Students are being taught to set up multifactor authentication and choose complicated passwords.
“If you can prevent your employees or make them more aware, so that they do not click on those harmful emails, or respond to those types of messages, it can be just as effective, if not more, than a lot of different systems that we have,” Aina said.
Days or weeks of missed school and lost instructional time for students can result when sensitive student or employee information, such as social security numbers, student health records and disability diagnoses, is compromised due to a ransomware attack or data breach, he said.
Related: ‘Don’t rush to spend on edtech’
The federal government is starting to step in. During a recent Department of Education cybersecurity summit cohosted by first lady Jill Biden, Department of Education Secretary Miguel Cardona and Secretary of Homeland Security Alejandro Mayorkas, the agency announced several new initiatives and released guidance for school districts on how to tackle cyber threats and what to do if they are hit by an attack.
The education department plans to develop a special council made up of federal, state, local, tribal and territorial governments to coordinate policy and communication between government and the education sector to strengthen school district’s cyber defenses, according to Kristina Ishmael, deputy director of the Office of Educational Technology. She called it a “first step” in the department’s strategy to protect schools and districts from cybersecurity threats and help them respond to attacks.
Meanwhile, Federal Communications Commission Chairwoman Jessica Rosenworcel has proposed a pilot cybersecurity program, which would run separately, but in tandem, with the FCC’s E-Rate program, which was created in the early 1990s as a way to provide affordable internet for schools and libraries. The three-year pilot would provide $200 million to schools and libraries eligible for the E-Rate program to use toward hiring cybersecurity experts and beefing up school network security.
Groups such as the Consortium of School Networking, or CoSN, a K-12 tech education advocacy group, have long been calling on the FCC to update the E-Rate program to include more cybersecurity protections, said CoSN’s CEO Keith Krueger. “We’ve been saying this is a five-alarm fire for the last two years,” he said.
“None of that really solves the problem that only about one in three school districts has a full-time equivalent person dedicated to cybersecurity.”Keith Krueger, CEO, Consortium of School Networking, or CoSN
Krueger said he doesn’t believe a three-year pilot is needed to determine the demand for this funding; a coalition of education organizations that includes his group is calling for the pilot to be limited to one year and for the FCC to make cybersecurity funding permanent at the pilot’s conclusion. He added that while the federal government’s announcement of resources for school districts is helpful, much more funding to support cybersecurity infrastructure is needed.
“None of that really solves the problem that only about one in three school districts has a full-time equivalent person dedicated to cybersecurity,” he said. While they wait for additional funding, he said school districts need to get creative in their methods for attracting the cybersecurity professionals their districts need, he said. Such approaches could include partnering with local community colleges, vocational or technical schools to provide internships for students in cybersecurity programs.
Marshini Chetty, associate professor at the University of Chicago and one of the lead researchers of the study on privacy and security risks to K-12 education, recommends that school districts develop a cybersecurity plan or checklist that outlines who to call in case of an attack and how to inform students and faculty. Her co-author on the study, PhD candidate Chanenson, said districts should dedicate a professional development day to cybersecurity and best practices for staff as part of back-to-school planning.
Atlanta’s Aina said school districts aren’t usually able to pay top dollar for cybersecurity professionals. Given the growing threats to school systems, Aina said district leaders need to give school technology leaders access to more funding so they can keep protections for the sensitive data in their schools up-to-date.
“Most people don’t remember cybersecurity until there’s an incident and then it becomes the buzzword,” he said. “But cybersecurity is all about being ready, being proactive and building those layers around your critical assets to keep you safe before the incident happens.”
This story about cyberattacks on schools was produced by The Hechinger Report, a nonprofit, independent news organization focused on inequality and innovation in education. Sign up for Hechinger’s newsletter | <urn:uuid:8a0e4e94-981c-47b2-8847-5bf016df490d> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://hechingerreport.org/cybercriminals-come-for-schools-and-schools-arent-ready/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.961779 | 1,487 | 3.171875 | 3 |
If you are a Database Administrator or Developer, you must be aware of the fact that different SQL statements are required for Creating Schemas, Ad-hoc Querying, Initiating Backups, and Troubleshooting. Finding the appropriate GUI-based Database Management tool for such scenarios can help you complete your tasks faster and more efficiently. DBeaver is one such Database Administration tool that seamlessly works with most databases.
Upon a complete walkthrough of this article, you will gain a decent understanding of MongoDB and DBeaver, along with the unique features that they offer. This article will also provide you with a step-by-step guide on how to build DBeaver MongoDB Integration and access MongoDB data in DBeaver. Read along to learn more about DBeaver MongoDB Integration!
What is MongoDB?
MongoDB is a well-known Open-Source NoSQL Database written in C++. MongoDB is a Document-oriented database that uses JSON-like Documents with a Dynamic Schema to store data. It means that you can store your records without having to worry about the Data Structure, the number of fields or the types of fields used to store values. Documents in MongoDB are similar to JSON objects.
You can change the structure of records (which MongoDB refers to as Documents) by simply adding new fields or deleting existing ones. This feature of MongoDB allows you to easily represent Hierarchical Relationships, Store Arrays, and other more complex Data Structures. Nowadays, many tech giants, including Facebook, eBay, Adobe, and Google, use MongoDB to store their large amounts of data.
Key Features of MongoDB
MongoDB offers a wide range of unique features that make it a better solution than other conventional databases. Some of these features are discussed below:
- Schema Less Database: A Schema-Less Database allows various types of Documents to be stored in a single Collection(the equivalent of a table). In other words, in the MongoDB database, a single collection can hold multiple Documents, each of which can have a different number of Fields, Content, and Size. It is not necessary for one document to be similar to another which is a prerequisite in Relational Databases. Owing to this feature, MongoDB offers great flexibility to the users.
- Index-based Document: Every field in the Document in a MongoDB Database is indexed with Primary and Secondary Indices, which makes it easier to retrieve information from the pool of data.
- Scalability: Sharding in MongoDB allows for horizontal scalability. Sharding refers to the process of distributing data across multiple Servers. A large amount of data is partitioned into data chunks using the Shard Key, and these data chunks are evenly distributed across Shards that reside across many Physical Servers.
- Replication: MongoDB offers high availability of data by creating multiple copies of the data and sending these copies to a different Server so that if one Server fails, the data can still be retrieved from another Server. You can learn more about MongoDB Replication here.
What is DBeaver?
DBeaver is an Open-Source GUI(Graphical User Interface) based Database Management tool that can be leveraged to access any Database or Cloud Application that supports JDBC or ODBC drivers. It houses a plug-in architecture (based on the Eclipse plugin’s architecture) that allows users to customize much of the application’s behavior to provide database-specific functionality or database-independent features. The DBeaver Community Edition (CE) is a free and Open Source software distributed under the Apache License whereas a commercial license is required to use the premium Enterprise edition of DBeaver. Later in this article, you will learn how an ODC Driver can be leveraged to set up DBeaver MongoDB Integration.
Key Features of DBeaver
Some of the key features of DBeaver are as follows:
- Graphical User Interface: DBeaver allows you to view a list of Databases and their Objects, as well as select options from menus by pointing and clicking. In contrast, a Command-Line tool requires you to remember the exact command in order to display a list of databases or perform other tasks.
- Database Analysis: It allows you to create visual diagrams of Database Objects, the entire Schema and export them as per the requirements.
- Intuitive Themes: DBeaver comes with a few pre-installed themes. You can switch between these in a matter of seconds. You can also change the colors at a very granular level(such as the color of any parameters when written in the SQL Editor).
- SQL Editor: SQL Editor in DBeaver allows you to create and run ad-hoc SQL Queries against the database. Scripts can also be loaded and saved if needed.
Let’s look at some of the salient features of Hevo:
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- Fully Managed: It requires no management and maintenance as Hevo is a fully automated platform.
- Data Transformation: It provides a simple interface to perfect, modify, and enrich the data you want to transfer.
- Real-Time: Hevo offers real-time data migration. So, your data is always ready for analysis.
- Schema Management: Hevo can automatically detect the schema of the incoming data and maps it to the destination schema.
- Connectors: Hevo supports 150+ Integrations to SaaS platforms FTP/SFTP, Files, Databases, BI tools, and Native REST API & Webhooks Connectors. It supports various destinations, including Google BigQuery, Amazon Redshift, Snowflake, Firebolt, Data Warehouses; Amazon S3 Data Lakes, Databricks; and MySQL, SQL Server, TokuDB, MongoDB, and PostgreSQL Databases to name a few.
- Secure: Hevo has a fault-tolerant architecture that ensures that the data is handled in a secure, consistent manner with zero data loss.
- Hevo Is Built To Scale: As the number of sources and the volume of your data grows, Hevo scales horizontally, handling millions of records per minute with very little latency.
- Live Monitoring: Advanced monitoring gives you a one-stop view to watch all the activities that occur within Data Pipelines.
- Live Support: Hevo team is available round the clock to extend exceptional support to its customers through chat, email, and support calls.
How to Set up DBeaver MongoDB Integration?
Setting up DBeaver MongoDB Integration is a three-step process. You can use a JDBC or ODBC Driver to set up DBeaver MongoDB Integration. For this tutorial, we will use Devart ODBC Driver to connect to a MongoDB database from DBeaver Community Edition. Follow the steps given below to build the DBeaver MongoDB Integration:
Step 1: Install the ODBC Driver
The first step in setting up DBeaver MongoDB Integration involves installing the ODBC Driver.
- Click here to download the Devart ODBC Driver.
- Open the Downloads section of your browser and run the Installer for ODBC Driver.
- You will receive a warning if you already have the specified installation folder on your PC or if another Driver version is installed. Click on Yes to overwrite the old files with the current installation; however, it is recommended that you first completely uninstall the previous driver version before installing the new one.
- On the Select Components page, you can choose the driver based on your systems architecture(32 bit or 64 bit).
- Select the License Type and activate the product in the License Information dialogue box. If you do not have an activation key, you can choose Trial and use the driver for testing purposes.
- Click on Next and then install the ODBC Driver.
Step 2: Create an ODBC Data Source
Once the installation is complete, you must configure the ODBC Driver by creating a DSN (Data Source Name) for MongoDB in the ODBC Data Source Administrator. It will help you to leverage MongoDB data in DBeaver and build the DBeaver MongoDB Integration. Follow the steps given below to do so:
- Navigate to the Search box of your workstation and type ODBC Data Sources and then select the ODBC Data Sources application that matches your system’s architecture(32 bit or 64 bit).
- Select System DSN if you want to configure a DSN name for all system users, or User DSN if you only want to configure DSN for your account.
- Now, select Devart ODBC Driver for MongoDB and then click on the Finish button.
- Fill in the Connection Information in the respective fields and click on the Test Connection button to test the connectivity.
- Once you have properly configured the DSN, click on the OK button to save the DSN.
Step 3: Connecting to MongoDB Data from DBeaver
- Navigate to the Database menu and select the New Database Connection option.
- Select ODBC in the Connect to Database Wizard and then click on Next.
- In the Database/Schema field, enter the previously configured DSN.
- Once you have filled all the appropriate fields, click on Test Connection to build the DBeaver MongoDB Integration. Once everything is configured successfully, you will see a successful connection message on the screen.
Once you have followed all the explained steps in the correct sequence, you will be able to set up DBeaver MongoDB Integration in a seamless manner!
This article introduced you to MongoDB and DBeaver along with the salient features that they offer. Furthermore, it highlighted the steps required to set up DBeaver MongoDB Integration. The DBeaver MongoDB Integration allows you to connect to MongoDB data from DBeaver.
As your business grows, data is generated at an exponential rate across all of your company’s SaaS applications, Databases, and other sources. To meet this growing storage and computing needs of data, you would require to invest a portion of your engineering bandwidth to Integrate data from all sources, Clean & Transform it, and finally load it to a Cloud Data Warehouse for further Business Analytics. These challenges can be efficiently handled by a Cloud-Based ETL tool such as HevoData.
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Hevo Data, a No-code Data Pipeline, provides you with a consistent and reliable solution to manage data transfer between a variety of sources like MongoDB and a wide variety of Desired Destinations with a few clicks. Hevo Data, with its strong integration with 150+ Data sources (including 40+ free sources) allows you to not only export data from your desired data sources & load it to the destination of your choice but also transform & enrich your data to make it analysis-ready so that you can focus on your key business needs and perform insightful analysis using BI tools.
Want to take Hevo for a spin? Sign Up for a 14-day free trial and experience the feature-rich Hevo suite first hand. You can also have a look at the unbeatable Hevo Pricing that will help you choose the right plan for your business needs.
Share with us your experience of building DBeaver MongoDB Integration in the comments below! | <urn:uuid:ca7b8a51-690f-4cb2-ba03-712a6a4a3fe1> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://hevodata.com/learn/dbeaver-mongodb/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.8701 | 2,350 | 2.828125 | 3 |
Zero waste living is becoming a real movement. And while zero waste can seem near impossible with kids, “low waste” is definitely not. Many people around us try to do their part to protect the planet, with zero- (or low-) waste living being one of them. Have you ever tried it? A sustainable lifestyle offers a lot of benefits, from saving money to improving health and contributing to reducing the adverse impact on planet earth. While practice makes perfect, living a zero-waste life with a baby can be chaotic. But it is not an impossible task. With time and a good plan, zero waste living with a baby can be simplified.
Here are some easy tips!
Use reusable nappies instead of disposable ones: Disposable nappies can make your life a little easier. But if you are planning on a zero-waste lifestyle with a baby, then replace disposable with reusable nappies. Disposable diapers do not break down easily or quickly in landfills, and can also create toxic runoff. Cloth nappies on the other hand are eco-friendly. They are easily available in the market and can be used many many times. They are cheaper as well! You may also replace disposable swim nappies with reusable swim nappies.
Reusable wipes are a great replacement for wipes: Did you know, that a bamboo or cotton cloth dipped in warm water offers the same results as a disposable wipe does? But the chemicals in a disposable wipe can be harmful to your baby's skin. So instead, you can use warm water, mild soap (or a drop of essential oil), and a damp reusable cloth. You can also buy reusable wipes that are specially made to protect your baby’s delicate skin.
Look for skin-care products that contribute to zero-waste: Most skin care products that are natural come in plastic containers. Fortunately, there are several products at home that you can use such as olive oil or coconut oil to moisturize the skin, and also to treat diaper rash. These products can be bought in a glass container. In addition, using fewer natural products on your baby's delicate skin is a far better option than using various skin-care products.
Invest in used clothes: Babies grow faster than the blink of an eye. The dress you bought today may not fit right a fortnight later. Instead of wasting money on clothes that may be used once or twice, invest in used clothes. You may buy or borrow clothes from your family and friends, or buy them online. Most of the clothes are usually in near good condition.
Make your baby food at home: Parents spend several dollars on fruit and vegetable purees specially made for babies. These organic products are priced high as they are packed and shipped from different locations. While pureed fruits and vegetables offer all the vital nutrients your baby needs, you can make them at home instead of buying them. You may make a large batch and store it in a freezer-safe container, or prepare them fresh as and when needed. Preparing them at home reduces the resources used to pack the baby food, as well as the cost of shipment.
Choose eco-friendly toys: The tip may not be justifiable. Rather, 'choose your baby toys carefully' may be the right use of words. While eco-friendly toys are the best to buy, they come packed in plastic covers and boxes that speak against zero waste living. Look for toys that are available without packaging, such as at a fair. Or again, choose second hand. Furthermore, babies do not need more toys. It would be ideal not to waste time buying plastic toys that break easily and are dumped in the trash. Better prioritize quality instead of quantity.
Gadgets don’t make your life easy: One of the worst mistakes parents make is the use of gadgets to make life easier. Yes! Gadgets do make your life a breeze, but these expensive plastic gadgets that promise to entertain your child while making your life easy are not necessary. Germ-killing humidifiers, fancy baby monitors, and chargeable swings among others just add to your credit card bill. If you don't buy them, you won't miss them, simple!
In addition, you may also consider breastfeeding instead of bottle-feeding your baby, ask family and friends for practical gifts instead of those that go against zero-waste living with a baby, and reuse what you can. Remember, it may be difficult, but it's not impossible. | <urn:uuid:c7a407d4-684b-41f1-b49b-e4cd5e15ae56> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://hippybottomus.com.au/blogs/news/zero-waste-living-with-a-baby | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.951247 | 922 | 2.796875 | 3 |
Crafting a strong Statement of the Problem in a Grant Proposal for Food Security Projects is crucial for effectively communicating the urgency and significance of the issue you aim to address. Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you write an effective Statement of the Problem:
- Provide Context: Begin by providing a concise overview of the current state of food insecurity, both globally and within the specific community or region your project aims to serve. Use data, statistics, and relevant research to highlight the severity of the issue and its impact on the target population.
- Identify Key Challenges: Clearly identify the primary challenges contributing to food insecurity in the targeted area. This could include factors such as limited access to nutritious food, unstable food production, inadequate agricultural infrastructure, or socioeconomic barriers preventing communities from accessing sufficient food resources.
- Highlight Consequences: Discuss the far-reaching consequences of food insecurity on the affected population. Highlight its impact on health, education, economic stability, and overall community well-being. Emphasize the cyclical nature of food insecurity and its potential to perpetuate poverty and hinder sustainable development.
- Address Root Causes: Identify and analyze the underlying causes of food insecurity within the specific context. This may include factors such as climate change, limited access to arable land, lack of sustainable agricultural practices, or inadequate food distribution systems. Clearly articulate how these factors contribute to the persistence of food insecurity.
- Examine Demographic Vulnerability: Highlight the specific demographics that are most vulnerable to food insecurity in the targeted area. This could include marginalized communities, smallholder farmers, women, children, or other groups that face significant barriers to accessing nutritious food. Illustrate how these vulnerabilities exacerbate the overall problem of food insecurity.
- Emphasize Timeliness and Urgency: Convey the urgency of addressing the identified challenges. Discuss any recent trends or developments that have exacerbated the problem and underscore the immediate need for comprehensive interventions to ensure sustainable food security for the affected population.
- Link to Project Goals: Clearly establish the direct connection between the identified problems and the goals of your proposed food security project. Demonstrate how addressing the identified challenges is essential to achieving the desired project outcomes and making a tangible, sustainable impact on food security in the targeted area.
Ensure that your Statement of the Problem is concise, data-driven, and effectively conveys the gravity of the food security challenges that your project aims to tackle. By clearly defining the problem, you lay the groundwork for the rest of your grant proposal, making a compelling case for the importance of your proposed project. | <urn:uuid:0dcc1983-f250-441e-af4b-20c4b34e09df> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://howtoapplyforgrants.com/continue/constructing-a-compelling-statement-of-the-problem-for-a-food-security-project-grant-proposal/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.902071 | 525 | 2.59375 | 3 |
Toxic man-made chemicals that are absorbed into the body and stored in fat may be released into the bloodstream during the rapid fat loss that follows bariatric surgery, according to a study from researchers at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. The finding points to the need for further research to understand the health effects of this potential toxicant exposure.
For the study, published online in Obesity, researchers examined 26 people undergoing bariatric weight-loss surgery and found evidence of post-surgery rises in the bloodstream levels of environmental toxicants that are known to be stored long term in fat, including polychlorinated biphenyls, organochlorine pesticides, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers. Polychlorinated biphenyls, or PCBs, are a class of chemicals previously used in plastics, dyes, and electrical equipment. Although no longer commercially available, these toxins have been linked to cancers and disruption of the immune, reproductive, nervous, and endocrine systems, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. Organochlorine pesticides have been shown to act as endocrine disrupting chemicals and the effects have been linked with hypertension and cardiovascular disorders. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers are PCB-like chemicals that can be inhaled or ingested, and although not directly linked to cancers, these toxins have been linked to the development of tumors in rat and mouse studies. Bans on the U.S. manufacture of PCBs and the organochlorine pesticide DDT took effect in 1979 and 1973, respectively.
"The fact that this increasingly popular type of surgery may be causing these compounds to be released into the bloodstream really challenges us to understand the potential health consequences," says study senior author John Groopman, a professor in the Bloomberg School.
About 16 million people in the U.S. are morbidly obese, defined as having a body mass index of 35 kg/m2. Morbid obesity confers a relatively high risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and many cancers. For almost three decades, the U.S. National Institutes of Health has recommended weight-loss surgeries called bariatric surgeries—including stomach stapling and gastric bypass procedures—for people who are morbidly obese and have serious obesity-related conditions such as diabetes, as well as for anyone with a BMI over 40. More than 200,000 bariatric surgeries are now performed in the country every year.
Although bariatric surgeries are known to have potential adverse side effects, including micronutrient deficiencies, the release of environmental toxicants from fat storage isn't one that has been studied before. Recently, though, Groopman and other researchers from the Bloomberg School and the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine realized that as these surgeries were becoming common, and, since they involved rapid fat loss, they could potentially release toxicants stored in fat into the bloodstream of patients.
The researchers enrolled 27 patients who were morbidly obese and scheduled for surgery at the Johns Hopkins Center for Bariatric Surgery. Of these, 26 patients went through with the surgery and were included in the analysis. Each patient had a blood sample taken at the time of surgery and on four follow-up visits over six months. The analysis, aided by experts at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, focused on the bloodstream levels of 41 toxicants, including 24 PCB compounds and five organochlorine pesticides that were detectable in the initial samples. The researchers also classified the patients into two groups: those born before 1976, when most of these chemical compounds were still widely used, and those born after. The first group contained 17 people and the second group contained nine.
The results showed that the patients born before 1976 started the study with roughly 5 times higher serum levels of most of the PCBs, as well as higher levels of organochlorine pesticides, compared to the patients born after 1976. During the six months of weight loss after surgery—in which the patients lost an average of 23 percent of their initial weight, or nearly 30 kg each—both groups of patients tended to show increases in serum levels of fat-stored toxicants. For example, in the older patients, serum levels of most PCBs went up by 15 to 25 percent for every 10 kg of lost weight. The older patients, who started with higher baseline serum levels of most toxicants, and presumably had much greater fat stores of these compounds, tended to have higher rates of increases in serum levels per unit of lost weight, especially for PCBs.
The researchers note that studies with larger populations need to be done to verify the findings in this small-sample study. Further research, they add, could also determine if there are any biological effects, especially on sensitive, fat-rich organs such as the liver and brain, of the toxicant doses involved.
"There is remarkably little information in the literature that relates blood levels of these compounds to effects in tissues," says Groopman. "It would be great if we determine that it's not a problem, and it might turn out not to be. At the same time, the data might suggest that people should lose weight more slowly, or that we should somehow find ways to trap these compounds as they are released into the blood. We also need to recognize that the compounds released from the fat represent lifetime accumulation of toxicants, and we need to address these life course exposures to determine health risk." | <urn:uuid:1c1afdce-84c8-4842-beb8-42ce803ee78d> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://hub.jhu.edu/2019/11/15/toxins-in-bloodstream-after-bariatric-surgery/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.969217 | 1,100 | 2.921875 | 3 |
I would like to speak about a small yet widely popular plant called Tulsi in my local language. I don’t know the biological name of this particular plant. Well, this plant is grown widely across the country; is found in almost all the households in India, has several medicinal properties and is also considered as Holy by the Hindu people of India.
It is grown across the country as it is a small plant and doesn't require any particular type of weather for its survival. It adapts itself to any type of climate and as such it is quite popular. It can be found in Independent houses where it is an essential part of every kitchen garden and even people living in apartments grow it in their balconies.
This plant also occupies a place in the history of India as the ancient sages and people used it extensively in their day to day lives. In earlier times a paste of these leaves was used on wounds as it has anti bacterial properties.
The fact that it is it has several medicinal properties makes it very important for almost all types of people who live in my country. The tender shoots are used to make tea decoction which cures common cold, cough and certain types of fever. Tulsi oil is derived from the dried leaves of the plant and this oil has medicinal properties which is used during infestation of mosquitoes, to drive the mosquitoes away especially when there is a fear of malaria. It is also used as a cure for insect bites and rashes.
It is a very small plant and doesn't grow up to be a tree and has small tender green leaves which are quite pretty. It can be planted in a pot too and hence is portable too.
- Derived- obtain something from.
- Extensively- in a way that covers or affects a large area.
- Infestation- he presence of an unusually large number of insects or animals in a place, typically so as to cause damage or disease.
- Rashes- an area of redness and spots on a person's skin, appearing especially as a result of allergy or illness | <urn:uuid:e82edc8f-f399-43d0-92d9-964c0fb37f7a> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://ieltsweb.com/speaking-cue-card/describe-a-plant-grown-in-your-country-you-think-is-important | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.982868 | 421 | 2.84375 | 3 |
Decorating environment is a prime concern now a days. Pollution level is increased to that extent where its management seems to nearly impossible. The E-waste or electronic waste is one of the main contributors to the environmental pollution. E-waste are those electronic devices which are discarded and are not in use. But the management of e-waste in informal process causes in pollution problems and ultimately in serious health issues. Components of electronic scrap like CRTs (Cathode Ray Tubes) may consist of contaminants such as brominated flame retardants, cadmium, lead, beryllium. Around 50 million tons of E-wastes are produced annually. This depicts the possible and dangerous threats to natural environment and its habitants, if it is not checked and not properly disposed depending upon its hazardous and toxic nature of reaction towards air, land and water. This paper discusses the pros and cons of E-waste and possibly each and every aspect regarding E-waste and its management as well as its legal aspects too. | <urn:uuid:e47191a4-dbfe-41ef-8e23-ab3996848a5b> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://ijlmh.com/paper/processing-and-degrading-simultaneously-e-waste-an-explanatory-study-needs-a-compelling-clustering-statute/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.96093 | 212 | 3.03125 | 3 |
Casting a Historic Vote: Suffrage for Women in Illinois
A Road Scholar Program by Jeanne Schultz Angel
Sep 3, 2022
Open to the public
Prior to 1920, women were denied the vote in the majority of elections in the United States. The struggle for enfranchisement began with the birth of our nation and was strategized differently in our local, state, and federal elections.
Despite what people today believe to be a straightforward goal, the path to women’s suffrage was infused with sexism and racism and triggered a fear of feminism whose roots are still seen today. While wealthy women advocates played a vital role in the suffrage movement, they were not the only ones seeking enfranchisement.
From attorney Ellen Martin, the first woman to vote in Illinois, to Ida B. Wells, a woman who did not let racism stop her voice, women’s suffrage has been a battle hard fought by a diverse group of activists in Illinois.
This event is Free and Open to the public. For more information, please contact Chadwick W Boehlke at [email protected].
Morgan County Historical Society | <urn:uuid:a422113a-b35d-4f6a-b857-114c811ff29e> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://ilhumanities.org/events/casting-a-historic-vote-suffrage-for-women-in-illinois | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.959482 | 241 | 3.640625 | 4 |
How Acceleration Modes Work
The accelerator and rapid accelerator modes use portions of the Simulink® Coder™ product to create an executable.
The accelerator and rapid accelerator modes replace the interpreted code normally used in Simulink simulations, shortening model run time.
Although the acceleration modes use some Simulink Coder code generation technology, you do not need the Simulink Coder software installed to accelerate your model.
The code generated by the accelerator and rapid accelerator modes is suitable only for speeding the simulation of your model. Use Simulink Coder to generate code for other purposes.
In normal mode, the MATLAB® technical computing environment is the foundation on which the Simulink software is built. Simulink controls the solver and model methods used during simulation. Model methods include such things as computation of model outputs. Normal mode runs in one process.
By default, accelerator mode uses Just-in-Time (JIT) acceleration to generate an execution engine in memory instead of generating C code or MEX files. You can also have your model fall back to the classic accelerator mode, in which Simulink generates and links code into a C-MEX S-function.
In accelerator mode, the model methods are separate from the Simulink software and are part of the acceleration target code, which is used in later simulations.
Simulink checks that the acceleration target code is up to date before reusing it. For more information, see Code Regeneration in Accelerated Models .
There are two modes of operation in accelerator mode.
Just-In-Time Accelerator Mode
In this default mode, Simulink generates an execution engine in memory for the top-level model only and not for referenced models. As a result, a C compiler is not required during simulation.
Because the acceleration target code is in memory, it is available for reuse as long as the model is open. Simulink also serializes the acceleration target code so that the model does not need rebuilding when it is opened.
Classic Accelerator Mode
If you want to simulate your model using the classic, C-code generating, accelerator mode, run the following command:
In this mode, Simulink generates and links code into a shared library, which communicates with the Simulink software. The target code executes in the same process as MATLAB and Simulink.
Rapid Accelerator Mode
Rapid accelerator mode creates a rapid accelerator standalone executable from your model. This executable includes the solver and model methods, but it resides outside of MATLAB and Simulink. It uses external mode (see External Mode Communication (Simulink Coder)) to communicate with Simulink.
MATLAB and Simulink run in one process, and if a second processing core is available, the standalone executable runs there. | <urn:uuid:cbfc2745-5dcc-4d56-8c6d-ef0a33bb7ffa> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://in.mathworks.com/help/simulink/ug/how-the-acceleration-modes-work.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.839403 | 582 | 2.984375 | 3 |
Do you wish to influence the lives of kids who have special needs? There are a variety of strategies to enhance their growth, health, and well-being.
From volunteering to educating yourself on the subject, there are many opportunities to help children with special needs. We’ll go through various methods in this article that you may contribute to changing these extraordinary kids’ lives.
1. Learn about their disability
It is essential to understand the disability of a child with special needs to provide the best possible care and support. The first step is to educate yourself on the specific disability the child is facing. Research online resources, connect with other families with similar experiences, and speak to doctors and professionals specializing in that particular disability.
Being informed will help you understand the child’s challenges so you can provide the most appropriate assistance.
Additionally, keep up-to-date with new treatments or therapies that could help them live more fulfilling lives. For example, Erb’s Palsy is a birth injury that can result from a difficult delivery. It is caused by damage to the brachial plexus, which controls arm and shoulder movement.
In the US, 17% of children aged 3-17 have developmental disabilities. Since Erb’s palsy affects 1 out of every 1,000 newborns, it is crucial to get support and help for the child and the family.
So, look for any available resources specific to the disability.
2. Be patient and persistent toward them
Being patient and persistent are critical when working with special needs kids because the road can be challenging and winding. Even though it can be difficult and frustrating, persistence and patience are essential for these kids to attain their full potential.
Being patient entails taking the time to comprehend each person’s requirements and acknowledging that every disability calls for a particular set of adjustments. You may make it simpler for kids with special needs by being aware of their condition and fostering an accepting and understanding atmosphere.
Helping kids with exceptional needs requires persistence, which is equally important. To ensure your child gets the best treatment possible, it needs follow-up with doctors, therapists, teachers, or other experts.
Ensure the necessary conditions are in place for the child’s success. Don’t give up when things are difficult; keep fighting for your child’s needs.
3. Encourage your kids to befriend disabled and non-disabled kids
You want to ensure that positive influences and experiences in life surround your child with special needs as a parent. Fostering friendships between children who are disabled and children who are not is one of the best things you can do for your special needs child.
Connecting with other children can help your child develop social skills, self-assurance, and a sense of acceptance and belonging. Your child may be able to explore interests, have fun, and partake in activities through friendships that they could not accomplish on their own.
If you are unaware of any other families with challenged children, contact regional disability advocacy groups for assistance in making connections. It can also be helpful to look into afterschool programs or summer camps for kids with disabilities so that your child can meet other children who may have similar challenges.
Encourage your child to discuss with strangers, sign up for clubs or sports teams, or participate in neighborhood events. Your child can develop lasting friendships and an extensive social network with the correct assistance.
4. Encourage independence and decision-making
One of the best ways to help children with special needs is to encourage their independence and decision-making. Giving them the freedom to make decisions might give them a sense of empowerment and control over their lives.
It can be easier for a child to accept more considerable responsibility when they feel encouraged and secure in their decision-making.
Start by allowing your kid to make simple choices, then progress. You can let them make food and clothing decisions if they are old enough. Encourage them to think through problems and come up with solutions on their own. Give them as much leeway to express themselves as you can.
Teaching your youngster how to make wise decisions is also crucial. You can instruct them to make smart decisions or discuss what to do in harmful situations. Teaching them problem-solving skills can also be beneficial, such as encouraging them to devise creative solutions to any issues they encounter.
One of the best presents you can give special needs children is to support their independence in the long run. You may assist children in creating abilities that will last a lifetime by being patient and encouraging.
5. Don’t pressure them
When helping a child with special needs, it’s important to remember not to put too much pressure on them. Children with special needs may need more time to understand new concepts or complete tasks. They may have limited abilities in certain areas and must work at their own pace.
Pressure can cause stress and anxiety and can lead to feelings of inadequacy. Instead of pressuring the child, try encouraging them and praising their efforts. Let them know you support them, no matter what they do. Reassure them that you will help them achieve their goals without expecting perfection.
Encourage them to take ownership of their accomplishments and celebrate small victories. For example, if the child is struggling to learn a new skill, like tying their shoelaces, it’s better to keep providing them support and advice rather than rushing them through it.
Take the time to explain the steps one at a time, and offer encouragement along the way. With patience and support, eventually, the child will be able to do it on their own!
6. Develop strength-based learning strategies
Strength-based learning strategies are essential to help children with special needs reach their full potential. These strategies emphasize the child’s unique abilities rather than focusing on what they can’t do. When creating a strength-based learning plan, it’s essential to consider the child’s needs and interests and their current capabilities.
One way to get started is to list strengths and weaknesses. It will give you an idea of what activities the child enjoys and where they need extra support. Once you have identified the child’s strengths and weaknesses, you can then focus on developing strategies that build on their strengths and provide them with extra support in areas of difficulty.
For example, if a child excels in math, you could provide them with additional practice problems or puzzles to work on. On the other hand, if the child is struggling with a particular subject, you could try introducing interactive lessons and activities that require more hands-on learning.
Knowing how to support a child with special needs as a parent, teacher, or family might be challenging. Thankfully, there are many methods to help these kids and make their lives simpler. There are numerous ways to improve their life.
After reading this article, you must have learned new strategies to assist kids with special needs. These techniques will enable you to significantly improve the lives of children with special needs, from offering emotional support to fighting for access to the right resources. | <urn:uuid:24fad126-46c5-4b04-b9da-7ec7769479a2> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://incredibleplanet.net/tag/helping-children/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.956503 | 1,452 | 2.875 | 3 |
While COVID-19 continues its ebbs and flows with numbers of cases ebbing and flowing, the need to get “out and about” continues for Californians weary of lockdowns. Bicycling grew in popularity during a time when fewer motor vehicles were on the roads throughout the state. It seemed to be the best “one-two-punch” of avoiding the virus, combining exercise and social distancing.
Motor vehicle traffic has returned to pre-pandemic levels. Whether new to or experienced with non-motorized, two-wheel transports, accidents can still happen that result in serious injuries. Many emergency rooms continually filled with COVID patients may make the wait for medical help lengthy.
Staying safe on a bicycle takes many forms, particularly when cars and trucks are traveling more miles than they did in 2020. Throughout August of this year, miles increased by 224.4 billion compared to the same time last year. Streets and roads once sparse now have the same amount of traffic, if not more.
Strategies to stay safe
In addition to adhering to the Centers for Disease Control and Protection’s recommendations, staying safe by avoiding injuries from an accident requires proactive measures. The all-important first step is a thorough pre-ride safety inspection of the bicycle.
Additional bicycle safety steps include:
- Wear a helmet – Most accident-related fatalities result from head injuries. The mere act of strapping a helmet to your head can reduce the chance of trauma by 50 percent. When accounting for additional injuries to the face or neck, the odds are reduced by 33 percent. Periodic replacement of the headwear is essential, provided that it meets the standards of the Consumer Product Safety Commission.
- Be seen – Far too many motor vehicle to bicycle accidents are due to not being seen. While daytime is the safest time to ride, forward- and rear-facing blinking lights will make you visible to traffic behind and ahead of you during and following sunset. However, those lights should remain in operation at all times. Wearing brightly colored clothes with reflective strips can also increase the chance of being seen.
- Stay alert and within the law – While riding with, not against, the traffic, keep an eye out for debris, curbs, potholes, sewer grates, and car doors. Knowing what is coming can help with effectively evading these dangers and avoiding a collision. Following traffic laws is paramount, as is obeying street signs, road markings, and signals while keeping your hands off the phone and on the handlebars.
Simple steps can keep cyclists, and other motor vehicle travelers provided everyone does their part. | <urn:uuid:b99e7823-0311-4747-84d9-b01a46f2a64b> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://injuryattorneysofcalifornia.com/blog/2021/11/the-popularity-of-bicycle-travel-still-presents-serious-risks/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.953635 | 544 | 2.734375 | 3 |
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India is a diverse country with diverse cultures, festivals and rituals. Among those comes one of the festivals, Naga Panchami. People around the world celebrate this festival with great excitement, devotion and faithfulness. Well, this festival is referred to as Nag Panchami because 'Nag' refers to 'Snakes' and 'Panchami' means 'fifth'. This is why every year, this festival falls on the fifth day of the Shukla month. Moreover, the Nag Panchami festival falls on the month of August, which is the most auspicious lunar month of Lord Shiva, known as Shravan.
Moreover, the Hindus worship the Snakes and cobras as it’s believed that worshipping the Naags can help devotees please Lord Shiva and seek his blessings. Also, the Nag Panchami 2023 was celebrated on 21 August, and the puja timing was 5:53 AM to 8:30 AM. Also, mentioning the dates of Nag Panchami 2024, which falls on 9th August, Friday, 2024. Moreover, the puja Muhurat for Nag Panchami 2024 starts on 9th August - at 12:36 AM and on 10th August- at 3:14 AM.
Like any other festival in Hinduism, even the Nag Panchami story validates the celebration of Nag Panchami. So, this festival is celebrated after Lord Krishna defeats the Kaliya Serpent. So, what made Lord Krishna defeat the Kaliya Serpent? So, this serpent used to pollute and poison the water of the river Yamuna, where many people of the Gokul village used to drink water. This caused harm to many people in the village, so one day, Lord Krishna decided to take action against him. Moreover, here you'll understand the logic of good over evil where the Lord krishna interprets the forces of good and the Kaliya Serpent represents evil.
So, one fine day, Lord krishna went to the river Yamuna and encountered Kaliya. Lord Krishna asked him to stop polluting the river, but the serpent refused. So, enraged, lord Krishna danced on his head, then the kaliya begged for his life to Lord krishna, knowing he was not any ordinary kid. So, eventually, Krishna let him go with a promise not to harm the people of Gokul anymore. Then, in the end, Lord Krishna successfully expelled the Kaliya from the river, saving the river Yamuna from being poisoned and making it safe for villagers to drink water from it.
Nagula Panchami, celebrated on the fifth day after the Amavasya in Shravan month, holds great significance according to Hindu mythology. Moreover, because Lord Shiva carries a cobra around his neck, this festival is given more importance. It's believed that it's a great way to seek Lord Shiva's blessings. Moreover, this festival is usually celebrated in those states where snakes are very predominant. For example, states like Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh are the most common states where Nag Panchami is celebrated with great enthusiasm and devotion yearly. So this was Nag Panchami significance because people worldwide celebrate this festival.
Furthermore, the main reason behind celebrating Nag Panchami during the month of August is because this is the rainy season. So, the snakes come out of their swamps and grasslands and become a threat to human beings. Therefore, people try to please the snakes by offering them milk and honey during Naag Panchami. Also, snakes or Naag are worshipped in Hinduism as a way of honouring nature.
Moreover, snakes are also worshipped because it's believed they are the symbol of power and protection. People also worship snakes and cobras and celebrate Nag Panchami because it helps natives save themselves from the danger of snake bites.
Some rituals and remedies need to be conducted at the Nag Panchami festival that can benefit natives in many ways. Below are the rituals and remedies to be followed, so read carefully.
So, to come to a conclusion, we hope you have gained an understanding of what nag panchami is and why it is celebrated with so much affection and faith. Make sure to make the date of Nag Panchami so that you can also remember this day and perform rituals to avail yourself of benefits. Moreover, every festival has a significance behind its celebration, so make sure to know about the importance of celebrating those festivals. | <urn:uuid:3360ff33-a525-4426-8caf-c11426a1452d> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://instaastro.com/festivals/naga-panchami/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.96256 | 925 | 2.59375 | 3 |
Introduction to Cryptocurrency Prices
Cryptocurrency prices can be volatile and unpredictable, which may leave you wondering: what determines the value of a cryptocurrency? Several factors influence crypto prices, from supply and demand to media coverage. In this article, we’ll explore these factors in detail to help you better understand the world of cryptocurrency.
Table of Contents
Supply and Demand
Just like traditional financial assets, the price of a cryptocurrency is largely determined by supply and demand. The more people want to buy a cryptocurrency, the higher its price will be, while the more people looking to sell, the lower the price will fall.
Market capitalization is the total value of all coins in circulation for a given cryptocurrency. It’s calculated by multiplying the current price of the crypto by the total number of coins in circulation. A higher market cap typically signifies a more stable and valuable cryptocurrency.
Utility and Adoption
The utility of a cryptocurrency refers to its use cases and practical applications. The more ways a cryptocurrency can be used, the higher its potential value. Widespread adoption of a crypto can also positively impact its price.
The network effect occurs when a cryptocurrency becomes more valuable as more people use it. As more individuals and businesses adopt a particular crypto, its utility and demand increase, which in turn boosts its price.
Cryptocurrencies with real-world applications, such as decentralized finance (DeFi) platforms, digital identity solutions, and supply chain management tools, are more likely to experience sustained growth in value.
Cryptocurrencies that are backed by advanced technologies and are constantly evolving to meet market needs have a better chance of seeing their value rise.
Scalability and Efficiency
Cryptocurrencies that can handle a large number of transactions quickly and efficiently are more appealing to users and investors, which can positively impact their price.
The regulatory environment surrounding cryptocurrencies can significantly affect their prices. Positive regulation can lead to increased adoption, while strict regulation or outright bans can hinder growth and negatively impact prices.
Legalization and Bans
Countries that legalize or regulate cryptocurrencies in a positive manner can help drive demand and increase prices. Conversely, bans or strict regulations can create uncertainty and discourage investment, causing prices to fall.
Market sentiment, or the overall attitude of investors towards a particular cryptocurrency, plays a significant role in determining its price.
FOMO and FUD
FOMO (Fear of Missing Out) and FUD (Fear, Uncertainty, and Doubt) are powerful market drivers that can cause sudden fluctuations in cryptocurrency prices. When investors experience FOMO, they may rush to buy a cryptocurrency, causing its price to soar. Conversely, FUD can lead to panic selling, which can cause a cryptocurrency’s price to plummet.
Media Coverage and Influencers
The way cryptocurrencies are portrayed in the media can have a significant impact on their prices. Positive media coverage can increase awareness, drive demand, and raise prices. On the other hand, negative media coverage can create skepticism, reducing demand and lowering prices.
Social Media and Celebrity Influence
Social media platforms and influential figures can also sway cryptocurrency prices. Tweets or endorsements from celebrities or industry leaders can lead to increased interest and demand, driving up prices. Conversely, negative comments or a lack of support can cause prices to fall.
In summary, cryptocurrency prices are determined by a complex interplay of factors, including supply and demand, utility and adoption, technological advancements, the regulatory environment, market sentiment, and media coverage. Understanding these factors can help you make more informed decisions when investing in or trading cryptocurrencies.
How does market capitalization affect cryptocurrency prices?
Market capitalization represents the total value of a cryptocurrency. A higher market cap indicates a more stable and valuable crypto, which can positively impact its price.
What is the network effect in the context of cryptocurrencies?
The network effect refers to the phenomenon where a cryptocurrency becomes more valuable as more people use it. As more individuals and businesses adopt a particular crypto, its utility and demand increase, driving up its price.
How do technological advancements influence cryptocurrency prices?
Cryptocurrencies that leverage advanced technologies and are constantly evolving to meet market needs are more likely to see their value rise. Scalability and efficiency are key factors that can positively impact a cryptocurrency’s price.
Why do regulatory changes affect cryptocurrency prices?
Regulatory changes can significantly impact cryptocurrency prices, as they shape the environment in which cryptocurrencies operate. Positive regulation can encourage adoption, while strict regulation or bans can hinder growth and negatively impact prices.
How do media coverage and influencers impact cryptocurrency prices?
Media coverage and influencers can sway public opinion and drive demand for cryptocurrencies. Positive media coverage and endorsements from influential figures can raise prices, while negative coverage or comments can cause prices to fall. | <urn:uuid:2799ed79-a62d-486a-abad-0a6708cbf29f> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://investisphere.com/cryptocurrency/what-determines-crypto-price/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.923545 | 974 | 2.609375 | 3 |
In an era dominated by digital interactions, safeguarding sensitive data is important. Data encryption has a pivotal role in securing business operations.
Data encryption is more than a tech safeguard. It is a foundational element that ensures critical data’s confidentiality, integrity, and privacy.
According to the 5 Common Encryption Algorithms and the Unbreakables of the Future by Arcserve,
As firms increasingly rely on digital platforms, the need to transmit and store data securely has never been more critical. Encryption emerges as a protection against potential breaches and illegal access.
It is an online security measure that protects private and personal data. It’s a vital step for firms, organizations, and individuals to take to secure their data and maintain privacy.
Read on to understand how encryption helps establish a resilient framework for challenges in the dynamic digital enterprise.
Importance of data encryption for firms
Data encryption is crucial for firms. It shields sensitive data from illegal access. Without encryption, data becomes vulnerable to theft and misuse.
Data encryption works by:
- Converting data from a readable format to a scrambled piece of data
- Using unique codes that make it impossible for intruders to read the data
- Ensuring that even if an illegal person or entity gains access to the data, they will not be able to read it
It is necessary because of:
- Makes it harder for online criminals to intercept your data
- Increases the security of communication between client apps and servers
- Prevents illegal users from accessing the data
- Protects users who regularly share personal and sensitive data on the Internet
It is vital for firms because it protects sensitive data and prevents data breaches. Encryption makes it more difficult for criminals to access data, even if they can breach a firm’s networks. This decreases the chances of data breaches and cyber attacks, which can have devastating financial effects on firms.
Benefits of data encryption for firms
Security Assurance: Data encryption provides security assurance by protecting data from theft and tampering. Encryption makes sure that only legal parties can view data. It also protects data in transit and cloud storage.
Privacy Protection: Data encryption protects data privacy by:
- Ensuring that only legal individuals can view or manipulate sensitive data
- Turning personal data into “for your eyes only” messages
- Ensuring the availability, integrity, and confidentiality of data at rest and in transit
Client Trust: Data encryption can increase customer trust by demonstrating a commitment to data security. Clients are more likely to trust firms that take proactive measures to protect their data.
Legal Compliance: Data encryption can help firms comply with legal regulations and avoid fines for noncompliance. For example, HIPAA requires encrypted confidential data. Other standards, such as PCI DSS and GDPR, recommend strong measures to protect data from cyberattacks.
Cyber Threat Resistance: Encryption can help protect against cyber threats by making it difficult for criminals to steal or manipulate data. Encryption alters text so that it’s virtually impossible for criminals to read. Only those who have a decryption key can decipher the text.
Secure Transmission: Secure transmission is a benefit of data encryption. It protects data transmissions from being intercepted, exploited, or infiltrated by an individual, application, or device.
Risk Mitigation: Data encryption can help mitigate risk by:
- Protecting data from illegal access, even if it’s stolen
- Preventing data breaches during transfer and storage
- Mitigating the risk of malware concealed within encrypted traffic
- Mitigating vulnerabilities that lead to breaches of sensitive data
Collaborative Confidence: Encrypted communication fosters collaboration confidence, ensuring that shared data remains confidential and secure.
Cloud Security: Cloud encryption protects data from being stolen, changed, or compromised. It scrambles data into a hidden code that can be accessed only with a unique digital key.
Data Integrity: Data encryption can promote data integrity. Data encryption can help ensure the authenticity of data.
Competitive Advantage: Data encryption can help firms maintain a competitive edge by safeguarding intellectual property. Encryption makes sensitive data unreadable and requires a key to decipher. This makes it difficult for hackers to steal or misuse sensitive data.
Employee Accountability: Data encryption can help ensure that only legal parties can access data. This can help prevent data breaches during transfer and storage. For example, encrypted data may remain secure if an employee loses a company device.
Incident Response Enhancement: Incident response (IR) is how a firm handles a data breach or cyberattack. IR aims to quickly identify an attack, minimize its effects, contain damage, and remediate the cause to reduce the risk of future incidents.
Also Read: Can Encryption Boost Data Security
Long-Term Viability: Long-term viability is a benefit of data encryption because it ensures it will remain viable for decades. If the encryption is not feasible for decades, an adversary could steal the encrypted data by waiting for computing power to catch up and then unlocking the code.
It stands as an essential asset for firms. Its benefits, from fortifying security and preserving privacy to ensuring legal compliance, underscore its vital role. The assurance it provides safeguards sensitive data and nurtures customer trust, a cornerstone of any successful firm. | <urn:uuid:71aec7fd-6501-42c0-85fc-d246b47444e2> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://itsecuritywire.com/featured/importance-and-benefits-of-data-encryption/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.895646 | 1,075 | 3.234375 | 3 |
Deep under the tropical ocean in between the reefs, many triggerfishes can be found. They inhabit the deep ocean of the Indo-Pacific. Normally recognized for their brightly color features with lines and spots. They are small in size almost from 20-50 centimeters but they are some almost as big as 1 meter in length. Triggerfish can be found in exhibition marina life aquariums, they are known to have bad-tempers. They are almost 40 different species of triggerfish altogether that exist in the world and all species looks alike with an oval shaped compressed body. Their most significant feature is their set of strong teeth protruding out of their mouth that are used to crush shells.
The Picasso or Lagoon Triggerfish
Their heads are oversized in which shows off its sets of teeth. Triggerfish’s fins are unique in both shape and purpose. Its dorsal fins provide slow speed movements because of its capabilities to undulate from side to side. Its caudal fin is shaped like a sickle that enables it to escape from predators. Two pelvic fins are fused together to form a single spine for every triggerfish. Their scale are covered by a rough skin which forms a tough armor and in total a normal adult triggerfish has a total of 10 sets of teeth.
Research has proved that triggerfish has a notorious personality and aggressive behavior especially when they are protecting their eggs. Many misunderstood the triggerfish because of their slow swimming behavior and their diet. They normally consume planktons, mollusks and sea urchins. They are not only threatening to underwater intruders but also to human as well. Their strong teeth can cause bruises especially when it is angry. They are also known for its outstanding intelligence in which they are capable to learn from their mistakes.
Triggerfish lay their eggs in a hole they make at the bottom of the sea. They are very protective of their nest and are constantly seen swimming around the area ready to strike any creatures that trespasses. Even for human that seems to be swimming near would get attack as well. It is best when swimming near triggerfish’s nest to swim away before swimming back upwards to the surface. Triggerfish has many species and only a few are allowed to be consumed. Certain species especially triggerfish in giant sizes should be avoided because it is known to maybe ciguatera, a common foodborne illness in fishes because of their consumption on reef fishes that might be contaminated with toxin.
A clown triggerfish
Many love to go fishing for Triggerfish because of their naturally bright and unique color and features. Triggerfish are known to be bait-stealers in which they will bite off bits of the bait until there are nothing left on the hook. When fishing for Triggerfish, it is best to use a tough strip of fish flesh or squid mantles. They can also be found in any marine aquariums. However, since the global warming occurred the population of Triggerfish has been affected because these fishes lives in coral reefs and today a lot of coral reef are slowly dying because of the bright sunlight and the rising temperature. | <urn:uuid:d06e46f4-6bb8-4f33-9c41-b17e51b9c3d5> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://itsnature.org/sea/fish/triggerfish/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.977192 | 627 | 3.078125 | 3 |
Avocado is a prime source of healthy fat and contains many antioxidants and minerals, but it may be tricky to include in recipes. Acne sufferers should learn if avocado can cause acne and why you have breakouts when eating avocado by reading up on the subject.
Avocados are one of the healthiest foods and fats in the world because of their high level of unsaturated and essential fatty acids. Besides being ingested internally, it can also be applied topically to the skin, hair, and entire body, providing numerous health benefits.
Foods high in omega-3 fatty acids need to be linked to reducing inflammatory acne lesions and increasing mental well-being. In addition, your immune system will be better able to deal with inflammation from the inside out if you consume avocado regularly. Finally, an avocado mask, created at home and applied topically, can help clear acne-causing bacteria, remove excess oil from the skin, and hydrate the skin.
Avocados are typical homemade face masks for dry skin because of their excellent moisturizing capabilities. Vitamin E, potassium, and lecithin, which can be easily absorbed into the skin’s surface, help moisturize and soften the skin, which is why avocados are so popular as a beauty product. Because of this, avocados are very healthy.
How Do You Use Avocado to Get Rid of Acne?
There are times when basic activities yield the best outcomes. For example, all of the above benefits can be obtained by applying a face mask of mashed avocado directly to the skin.
To remove the pit, just cut an avocado in half. A small bowl is needed to make a smooth and creamy paste by removing the fruit from its skin and mashing it. Rinse with lukewarm water after around 20 minutes of application.
Use half an avocado and half a cup of oatmeal to produce an effective face mask for eliminating acne. Whisk together the avocado and cooked oats in a small bowl until smooth. Make a paste-like consistency by combining all of the ingredients and stirring thoroughly. Apply the mask straight to the face after washing your hands and face. Rinse your face with lukewarm water after it has sat for 15 to 20 minutes.
Make the avocado by slicing it in half, removing the peel, and pounding it in a bowl. Add a banana to the same bowl after it has been peeled and sliced into small chunks. Make a smooth paste by using a fork to combine the ingredients. Allow the mask to rest on a clean face for 15 minutes before removing it. Use a lotion after washing your face with warm water. It is safe to use daily.
Is Eating Avocado Good for Acne Skin?
There are more guacamole-topped toasts and burgers and more guacamole garnishes on breakfast platters. Avocado has become a popular food choice because of its unique texture and flavor.
Many health and cosmetic products marketed online and in stores now include avocado as an ingredient, and avocado oil is increasingly used in cooking. Eating a lot of avocados is excellent for you because they contain a lot of healthy fats that keep you satisfied and prevent you from overindulging in unhealthy snacks like carbs and sugar.
Many health professionals have long known that consuming food affects your complexion. Acne and other skin conditions can be exacerbated or even caused by specific diets that cause oily skin.
Even if your diet isn’t the primary cause of your acne, it’s still crucial to take steps to enhance your skin’s health, especially if severe breakouts or regular breakouts plague you.
It’s tough to draw firm assumptions about the relationship between diet and acne. After all, everyone’s skin is unique, and their bodies respond differently to specific diets.
As a result, it’s impossible to claim that everyone at all costs should avoid a single dish. Certain generalizations may be made about diet and skin health, though.
Does Avocado Increase Acne?
Avocados aren’t just good in guacamole or on toast; they also have a long list of health advantages for the skin. As a result, this wonder fruit is rich in healthful fats, vitamins, and minerals.
Avocados include fats, chemicals, and vitamins that may speed up skin repair and alleviate chronic skin disorders like eczema and acne by reducing inflammation and promoting cell turnover. Healthy fats like those in avocados and vitamins E and C are essential to maintaining youthful-looking skin.
When it comes to acne-prone skin, washing your face with avocado oil could assist. Avocado oil’s antibacterial qualities are to blame for this.
Biotin, a B vitamin found in avocados, is an excellent source. When used topically, biotin is proven to help prevent dry skin. Brittle hair and nails can be avoided with the use of this remedy.
Peeling, pitting, and applying the avocado’s flesh directly to your skin makes it a no-brainer for your skin care regimen. In addition, many over-the-counter skin care products contain avocado oil, which can be used as a moisturizer.
Avocado’s health improvements go far beyond the fruit’s flesh. Avocado oil, the oil taken from the pulp of the avocado, can also be used.
Does Avocado Make Your Skin Clear?
Avocados are great for your skin since they contain a lot of antioxidants. Visibly improved skin can be achieved by eating two to three avocados a week. In addition, avocados are a one-stop shop for all your skincare needs, thanks to their high concentration of healthy fats and vitamins.
As a result of the high vitamin E content in avocados, your skin will appear less wrinkled, and fine lines will be less evident since your skin will appear fuller. Another benefit of avos’ chlorophyll content is its antioxidant properties that protect your skin from environmental perpetrators that could damage it and lead to premature aging.
Finally, the fruit’s ability to increase collagen can help keep your skin looking young and supple. Avocados, high in the anti-inflammatory compound lauric acid, also aid in the fight against acne.
Avocados, which are significant in monounsaturated fatty acids, are excellent moisturizers. The skin on your face and body will get softer and suppler if you eat avocados regularly. Vitamin A, D, and E in plenty; this fruit not only keeps your skin supple but also safeguards it from the destructive effects of the sun. It’s important to remember all of these things to maintain your skin looking and feeling its best. | <urn:uuid:df0801c0-4414-46ef-bb2e-6eca4173b03d> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://iupilon.com/can-avocado-get-rid-of-acne/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.927862 | 1,400 | 2.5625 | 3 |
I think to answer your question it needs to be broken into two parts, namely "what is です's etymology?" and "where is です used?".
You will see です used in two ways:
As the polite form of the copula だ. In this case, it has the meaning "to be" and acts mostly like a verb, in that it inflects.
"He is a doctor."
"It was a little weird."
As a polite marker for i-adjectives. Historically, i-adjectives had a polite inflection, 〜うございます, which showed up as late as the 1960s, but it was thought to be "too polite" in many cases and was eventually discarded. However, the non-polite form was considered to be too impolite, so 〜です was added on the end as a polite marker. It is not the copula here and as a result does not inflect.
"It is fun."
"It was hot."
Although there are many theories about the origin of です, the common one among linguists I know is that it is a contraction of でございます. However there are competing theories (でそう、であります) and there is not yet a consensus about the correct one. | <urn:uuid:2e360e2f-2d07-48a8-867a-2d7d40572e46> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/11074/where-does-%e3%81%a7%e3%81%99-come-from | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.959697 | 294 | 2.890625 | 3 |
A Web Server is a machine which works under response and request mechanism. Depending upon the request type and authority web server decides and allow access to the particular resource. The application (Web Server whether IIS or Apache) uses http protocol to communicate between Client and Sever. The full name of http is hypertext transfer protocol. In Client Server architecture Web Servers are the nodes.
How Web Server Works?
1. User enters the URL in browser. (URL stands for uniform resource locator, which is used to uniquely identify a resource in the internet). This URL will contain the host’s address, which can be either IP address or a particular name mapped to the IP address. This name is known as domain name.
2. There will be a DNS server local to the client’s network. DNS server will map the domain name to the particular IP address. Local DNS Server will check whether that IP address is present in the network.
3. If the IP address is not present in the local network, check will be done against other DNS servers in the internet in order to get the IP address corresponding to the domain name provided in the URL.
4. The IP address corresponding to the domain name will be returned back to the browser. (If the IP address of the server itself is entered in the URL, the steps 2, 3, 4 can be avoided).
5. The browser will connect to the particular IP address through the internet.
6. A connection will be established between client (browser) and the server.
7. The browser will send a request (since we are using http, the request is known as http request) for the web page.
8. Server will return http response and that response contains contents of the requested page. (The terms URL, DNS server, http request, http response will be explained in detail later). | <urn:uuid:ace370d5-02c0-473b-b553-dea7cd9f3864> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://jharaphula.com/what-is-web-server-works/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.859463 | 381 | 4.40625 | 4 |
Jurisdiction is one of the law’s central concepts. It has been defined as “the power to hear and determine a suit.”
For centuries, courts and commentators have defined jurisdiction in terms of power. Such a conception has the benefit of focusing courts’ attention on, and their work within, legal prescriptions delineating the outer edges of their adjudicative authority.
Location of the Dispute
Jurisdiction refers to the power of a court to hear and decide a case. A court’s jurisdiction depends on where the case originated, where the parties live and where the event that gave rise to the dispute occurred. It also depends on the subject matter of the case. For example, a case involving a family’s estate may be filed in probate court or the superior court of the county where the deceased resided or died. Another area of law that determines jurisdiction is personal jurisdiction. This is the authority of a court to hear and decide if a defendant has the right to sue in a particular county, state or country.
A judge’s jurisdiction to decide a case is limited by the constitution, laws and regulations of the state in which he or she practices. In federations like the United States, the laws of the states and the laws of the federal government determine the areas of jurisdiction in which courts can exercise their powers. Questions of jurisdiction can be considered purely technical legal matters, but they can also have enormous impact on the outcome of a case. For example, if a person brings a lawsuit against a corporation in the wrong court, it could lead to significant damages and fines.
As a practical matter, jurisdictional rules define the outer limits of a court’s adjudicative authority and are the foundation of how a judge works at a day-to-day level. A judge who is conscientious about working within the bounds of his or her authority will follow jurisdictional principles to avoid dictum, which is when the court’s ruling on a case goes beyond what is necessary to resolve the precise issues presented by the facts of the case.
However, a judge can still make mistakes when deciding a case and those mistakes can have serious consequences. That’s why some legal scholars have questioned the value of separating jurisdictional rules from other kinds of law, and have argued that ignoring unambiguous jurisdictional time limits in the name of flexibility or equity erodes the reliability and fairness of our system of justice.
Subject Matter of the Case
Jurisdiction, whether it be subject matter or personal, is a technical legal question that sometimes makes the difference in who wins a case. It essentially decides which court has the authority to preside over a dispute. This is particularly important in federated systems of government, where cases are handled at the local, state, and federal levels. In most cases, a lawsuit is filed in the courts closest to where the controversy occurred. However, there are a few exceptions, such as cases related to immigration or taxation, which must be filed in federal courts.
Subject matter jurisdiction determines which types of disputes a court has the power to hear. Most trial courts in the state judicial system are general jurisdiction, meaning they can hear all types of civil and criminal cases. Federal district courts, on the other hand, have limited subject matter jurisdiction. Congress and judicial decisions have outlined the specific types of claims over which a federal court can preside.
In addition, a court may have limited subject matter jurisdiction because it has been specifically created to handle a particular type of case. For example, a state’s supreme court only has subject matter jurisdiction over matters related to the state constitution or laws. Other special courts have been created to handle a variety of legal issues, such as family law or probate courts.
The specific laws a court has subject matter jurisdiction over can also vary from state to state, which can affect the outcome of a dispute. For example, a judge will likely have different views on issues such as medical malpractice or civil rights claims depending on the jurisdiction in which they are appointed. In many states, the judges are appointed by the governor and may have political connections that influence their opinions on certain subjects.
The personal aspect of jurisdiction is determined by whether a defendant has sufficient contacts with the court’s territory to be subject to its authority. Generally, this means that the person must have some relationship with the country in which the court has jurisdiction, such as living or working there. Whether or not this is enough to establish personal jurisdiction depends on the specific case and the rules in that country.
Venue of the Case
When a legal dispute reaches the court system, one of the first issues that must be determined is whether the case has proper venue. Unlike jurisdiction, which deals with the ability of a court to hear the case, venue is the specific county or district where the trial will take place. The location of a case’s trial is governed by statute and constitutional provisions. It can also be influenced by the discretion of the judge in charge of the case.
While the difference between jurisdiction and venue may seem subtle, it can make a huge difference in how a case is decided. For example, if a plaintiff files a case in the wrong district, they may not be able to get their case heard by a judge or jury. This is why it’s important to understand the difference between the two concepts and how they relate to a particular case.
A judge will decide the appropriate venue for a case based on a number of factors, including where one party lives, where a substantial part of the events or omissions giving rise to the case occurred, and the convenience of witnesses. In addition, the federal rule on venue states that a court should transfer the case to another district if it is unlikely to receive a fair trial in the original courthouse.
In some cases, the defendant will request a change of venue in order to avoid pre-trial publicity or public sentiment that could influence potential jurors. In other cases, the prosecutor will move the case to a different county to ensure that they have a fair chance at getting an impartial jury.
Changing the venue of a case can be a complicated process that is heavily impacted by local opinion and sentiment. However, it is an essential step in the legal process and can help ensure that a case gets the fairest trial possible. If you’re dealing with large numbers of cases, it’s important to have a good tool in place that can help you confirm the proper venue for each case. This can save you time, money and headaches down the road.
Jurisdiction of the Court
Jurisdiction is the legal power of a court to hear and decide a case. This concept is fundamental to the functioning of our judicial system. It ensures that cases are assigned to the proper courts and that the judicial process operates effectively.
The term “jurisdiction” is derived from the Latin iurisdictio, meaning “lawful determination.” It refers to the legal authority of a judge or court to decide a case. Courts have jurisdiction over certain types of cases, and not others. These areas of jurisdiction are determined by federal and state law, as well as international treaties.
There are three basic types of jurisdiction: personal, subject matter, and territorial. Personal jurisdiction refers to the authority of a court over the person involved in the case, regardless of where that person lives or conducts business. Subject matter jurisdiction refers to the authority of a case over the specific subject matter at issue in the lawsuit. And territorial jurisdiction refers to the ability of a court to control the actions of the defendant, including whether or not they have committed an offense.
For example, North Carolina criminal statutes confer territorial jurisdiction over crimes that occur within the sovereign boundaries of the state. The Court has appellate jurisdiction in both civil and criminal matters. It hears appeals from decisions of single judges, the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island and from other courts exercising federal jurisdiction. It also has a general jurisdiction in taxation matters, and hears appeals from family court decisions.
Questions of jurisdiction may seem like mere technicalities, but they can be all-important in the final outcome of a case. A failure to understand this area of the law can result in a case being dismissed for lack of jurisdiction, or even a failure to be heard at all. So if you are working on a case that raises issues of jurisdiction, be sure to consult with your attorney to discuss the matter thoroughly. Then you can be confident that your legal rights are being protected. | <urn:uuid:149d2028-f3a8-4fb6-ad73-617c5b854e5d> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://julietracylaw.com/category/uncategorized/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.958206 | 1,745 | 3.734375 | 4 |
Lüneburg (officially the Hanseatic Town of Lüneburg, German: Hansestadt Lüneburg, pronounced [ˈhan.zə.ʃtat ˈlyː.nə.bʊɐk], Low German Lümborg, Latin Luneburgum or Lunaburgum, Old High German Luneburc, Old Saxon Hliuni, Polabian Glain), also called Lunenburg in English, is a town in the German state of Lower Saxony. It is located about 50 km southeast of another Hanseatic city, Hamburg. It is part of the Hamburg Metropolitan Region. The capital of the district of Lüneburg, its population is around 72,000 people. Lüneburg’s urban area, which includes the surrounding communities like Adendorf, Bardowick, Bleckede, Amelinghausen and Reppenstedt, has a population of around 103,000. Lüneburg has been allowed to use the title "Hansestadt" (Hanseatic Town) in its name since 2007, in recognition of its membership in the former Hanseatic League. Lüneburg is also a university town.
Lüneburg lies on the river Ilmenau, about 30 kilometres from its confluence with the Elbe. The river flows through the town and is featured in its song; it was formerly traversed by cogs taking salt from the town to the other, larger, ports of the Hanseatic League nearby.
To the south of the town stretches the 7,400-square-kilometre Lüneburg Heath which emerged as a result of widespread tree-felling, forest fires and grazing. The tradition that the heath arose from centuries of logging undertaken to meet the constant need of the Lüneburg salt works for wood is not historically confirmed. More likely, the heath was originally formed by clearances during the Bronze Age. The old town (Altstadt) of Lüneburg lies above a salt dome which is the town’s original source of prosperity. However, the constant mining of the salt deposits over which the town stands has also resulted in the sometimes gradual, sometimes dramatically pronounced, sinking of various areas of the town. On the western edge of the town is the Kalkberg, a small hill and former gypsum quarry.
The motto Mons, Pons, Fons ("Hill, bridge, spring") characterised the development of the town from the 8th century as it coalesced from initially three, and later four, areas of settlement. These areas were the refuge castle on the — at that time considerably higher — Kalkberg, together with its adjoining settlement (the Marktviertel or "Market Quarter"), the village of Modestorpe between the bridge over the river Ilmenau and the large square, Am Sande (the Sandviertel or "Sand Quarter"), and the saline with its walled settlement for the work force (the Sülzviertel or "Salt Quarter"). Not until the 13th century was the river port settlement (the Wasserviertel or "Waterside Quarter") built between the market place and the Ilmenau. The resulting shape of the town thus formed did not change until its expansion in the late 19th century and it is still clearly visible today. Lüneburg’s six historic town gates were the Altenbrücker Tor, the Bardowicker Tor, the Rote Tor, the Sülztor, the Lüner Tor and the Neue Tor.
Luneburg has the following Stadtteile: Altstadt, Bockelsberg, Ebensberg, Goseburg-Zeltberg, Häcklingen, Kaltenmoor (the largest Statdteil, with around 8,000 inhabitants), Kreideberg, Lüne, Moorfeld, Mittelfeld, Neu Hagen, Ochtmissen, Oedeme, Rettmer, Rotes Feld, Schützenplatz, Weststadt and Wilschenbruch.
Jüttkenmoor, Klosterkamp, Bülows Kamp, In den Kämpen, Krähornsberg, Schäferfeld, Volgershall and Zeltberg are the names of individual blocks within a single Stadtteil.
The houses in the historic quarter between the Lüneburg Saltworks (today the German Salt Museum) and the Kalkberg were built above a salt dome that was excavated by the saltworks and which extended to just below the surface of the ground. As a result of the increasing quantities of salt mined with improved technical equipment after 1830, the ground began to sink by several metres. This resulted in the so-called Senkungsgebiet or "subsidence area". The houses there and the local church (St. Lambert’s) lost their stability and had to be demolished. Because of this subsidence, and because salt mining was increasingly unprofitable, the saltworks were finally closed in 1980. Today, only small amounts of brine are extracted for the health spa in the Lüneburg Thermal Salt Baths (the Salztherme Lüneburg or SaLü). One side of the saltworks now houses a supermarket, while the other is the German Salt Museum.
The subsidence has been monitored at about 240 stations since 1946 every two years. The land has not quite stopped subsiding yet, but it is stable enough that new construction has taken place on it, and several historic buildings which had previously been damaged or demolished have been restored. The subsidence can still be clearly seen even today. Those who walk from Am Sande to the end of the Grapengießerstraße can clearly sense the degree of subsidence for themselves: the hollow in front of them was formerly at the same level as the Grapengießerstraße. This depression extends as far as the Lambertiplatz square.
In the Frommestraße, another sign of earth movements caused by salt mining may be seen: the Tor zur Unterwelt ("Door to the Underworld"), where two cast iron doors have been pushed on top of one another.
Near St. Michael’s Church (Michaeliskirche) other consequences of the subsidence can be seen in its sloping columns and the west wing of the nave. Current subsidence movements can be seen in the road known as Ochtmisser Kirchsteig.
The first signs of human presence in the area of Lüneburg date back to the time of Neanderthal Man: 56 axes, estimated at 150,000 years old, were uncovered during the construction in the 1990s of the autobahn between Ochtmissen and Bardowick. The site of the discovery at Ochtmissen was probably a Neanderthal hunting location where huntsmen skinned and cut up the animals they had caught.
The area was almost certainly not continuously inhabited at that time, however, due to the various glaciations that lasted for millennia. The first indication of a permanent, settled farming culture in the area was found not far from the site of the Neanderthal discovery in the river Ilmenau between Lüne and Bardowick. This was an axe that is described as a Schuhleistenkeil or "shoe last wedge" due to its shape. It dates to the 6th century BC and is now in the collection of the Lüneburg Museum.
Since the Bronze Age, the Lüneburg hill known as the Zeltberg has concealed a whole range of prehistoric and early historic graves, which were laid out by people living in the area of the present-day town of Lüneburg. One of the oldest finds from this site is a so-called Unetice flanged axe (Aunjetitzer Randleistenbeil) which dates to 1900 BC.
The land within the town itself has also yielded a number of ice age urns that were already being reported in the 18th century. These discoveries are, however, like those from the Lüneburger Kalkberg — they went into the private collections of several 18th century scholars and, with a few exceptions, were lost when the scholars died.
Also worth mentioning in this regard are the Lombard Urnfield graves on the Lüneburg Zeltberg and Oedeme from the first few centuries AD. In the Middle Ages, there several discoveries were made on the site of the town, for example on the site of the old village of Modestorpe not far from St. John’s Church (Johanniskirche), at the Lambertiplatz near the saltworks and in the old Waterside Quarter.
The ancient town may be that identified as Leufana or Leuphana (Greek: Λευφάνα), a town listed in Ptolemy (2.10) in the north of Germany on the west of the Elbe.
FROM VILLAG ETO COMMERCIAL TOWN
Lüneburg was first mentioned in medieval records in a deed signed on 13 August, 956 AD, in which Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor granted "the tax from Lüneburg to the monastery built there in honour of Saint Michael" (German den Zoll zu Lüneburg an das zu Ehren des heiligen Michaels errichtete Kloster, Latin: teloneum ad Luniburc ad monasterium sancti Michahelis sub honore constructum). An older reference to the place in the Frankish imperial annals dated 795 states:…ad fluvium Albim pervenit ad locum, qui dicitur Hliuni i.e. on the river Elbe, at the location, which is called "Hliuni") and refers to one of the three core settlements of Lüneburg; probably the castle on the Kalkburg which was the seat of the Billunger nobles from 951. The Elbe-Germanic name Hliuni corresponds to the Lombard word for "refuge site".
From archaeological finds, it is clear that the area around Lüneburg had already been settled (in the museum of the Principality of Lüneburg, for example, there is a whole range of artefacts that were found here) and the saltworks had already started production.
According to tradition, the salt was first discovered by a hunter who observed a wild boar bathing in a pool of water, shot and killed it, and hung the coat up to dry. When it was dry, he discovered white crystals in the bristles — salt. Later he returned to the site of the kill and located the salt pool, the first production of salt on the site took place. In the town hall is a bone preserved in a glass case; legend has it that this is the preserved leg-bone of the boar. It was here that the Lüneburg Saltworks was subsequently established for many centuries.
In spite of its lucrative saltworks, Lüneburg was originally subordinated to the town of Bardowick only a few miles to the north. Bardowick was older and was an important trading post for the Slavs. Bardowick’s prosperity – it had seven churches – was based purely on the fact that no other trading centres were tolerated. Only when Bardowick refused to pay allegiance to Henry the Lion was it destroyed by him in 1189, whereupon Lüneburg was given town privileges (Stadtrechte) and developed into the central trading post in the region in place of Bardowick.
The Polabian name for Lüneburg is Glain (written as Chlein or Glein in older German sources), probably derived from glaino (Slavonic: glina) which means "clay". In the Latin texts Lüneburg surfaces not only as the Latinised Lunaburgum, but also as Selenopolis.
As a consequence of the monopoly that Lüneburg had for many years as a supplier of salt within the North German region, a monopoly not challenged until much later by French imports, it very quickly became a member of the Hanseatic League. The League was formed in 1158 in Lübeck, initially as a union of individual merchants, but in 1356 it met as a federation of trading towns at the first general meeting of the Hansetag. Lüneburg’s salt was needed in order to pickle the herring caught in the Baltic Sea and the waters around Norway so that it could be preserved for food inland during periods of fasting when fish (not meat) was permitted.
The Scania Market at Scania in Sweden was a major fish market for herring and became one of the most important trade events in Northern Europe in the Middle Ages. Lüneburg’s salt was in great demand and the town quickly became one of the wealthiest and most important towns in the Hanseatic League, together with Bergen and Visby (the fish suppliers) and Lübeck (the central trading post between the Baltic and the interior). In the Middle Ages salt was initially conveyed overland up the Old Salt Road to Lübeck. With the opening of the Stecknitz Canal in 1398 salt could be transported by cog from the Lübeck salt warehouses, the Salzspeicher.
Around the year 1235, the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg emerged, ruled by a family whose aristocratic lines repeatedly divided and re-united. The smaller states that kept re-appearing as a result, and which ranked as principalities, were usually named after the location of the ducal seat. Thus between 1267 and 1269 a Principality of Lüneburg was created for the first time, with Lüneburg as the seat of the royal Residenz. In 1371, in the wake of the Lüneburg War of Succession, rebel citizens threw the princes out of the town and destroyed their royal castle on the Kalkberg along with the nearby monastery. The state peace treaty in 1392 granted their demand to become a free imperial town, a status they were able to defend until 1637. The money now stayed in the town, enabling fine houses and churches to be built.
In 1392 Lüneburg was accorded the staple right. This forced merchants who travelled through the area with their carts to stop in Lüneburg, unload their wares, and offer them for sale for a certain period. So that merchants could not go around Lüneburg, an impassable defensive barrier was built west of the town in 1397; a similar barrier was built east of the town in 1479.
The Lüneburg Prelates’ War caused a crisis from 1446 to 1462. This was not a war in the proper sense, but rather a bitter dispute between the town council and those members of the clergy who were also part-owners of the town’s saltworks. It was not resolved until the intervention of the Danish King Christian I, the Bishop of Schwerin and the Lübeck Bishop, Arnold Westphal.
In 1454 the citizens demanded even more influence over public life.
Since 2007, Lüneburg has once again held the title of a Hanseatic town.
MODERN PERIOD TO THE END OF SECOND WORLD WAR
With the demise of the Hanseatic League – and the absence of herrings around 1560 around Falsterbo in Scania – the biggest customers of Lüneburg’s salt broke away and the town rapidly became impoverished. Hardly any new houses were built in central Lüneburg after this time, which is why the historical appearance of the town centre has remained almost unchanged until the present day.
The town became part of the Electorate of Hanover in 1708, the Kingdom of Westphalia in 1807, the First French Empire in 1810, the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814, and the Prussian Province of Hanover in 1866.
In the centuries after the collapse of the League, it was as if Lüneburg had fallen into a Sleeping Beauty slumber. Heinrich Heine, whose parents lived in Lüneburg from 1822 to 1826, called it his "residence of boredom" (Residenz der Langeweile). Near the end of the 19th century Lüneburg evolved into a garrison town, and it remained so until the 1990s.
In the Lüneburg Special Children’s Ward, part of the Lüneburg State Mental Hospital, it is suspected that over 300 children were killed during the Second World War as part of the official Nazi child euthanasia programme.
In 1945 Lüneburg surfaced once again in the history books when, south of the town on the hill known as the Timeloberg (near the village of Wendisch Evern) the German Instrument of Surrender was signed that brought the Second World War in Europe to an end. The location is presently inaccessible to the general public as it lies within a military out-of-bounds area. Only a small monument on a nearby track alludes to the event. On 23 May 1945 Reichsführer SS Heinrich Himmler took his own life in Lüneburg whilst in British Army custody by biting into a potassium cyanide capsule embedded in his teeth before he could be properly interrogated. He was subsequently buried in an unmarked location in a nearby forest.
Even before the Nuremberg Trials took place, the first war crimes trial, the so-called Belsen Trial (Bergen-Belsen-Prozess), began in Lüneburg on 17 September 1945 conducted against 45 former SS men, women and kapos (prisoner functionaries) from the Bergen-Belsen and Auschwitz concentration camps.
After World War II, Lüneburg became part of the new state of Lower Saxony. But the dilapidated state of its buildings led to various plans to try to improve living conditions. One proposition that was seriously discussed was to tear down the entire Altstadt and replace it with modern buildings. The ensuing public protest resulted in Lüneburg becoming the focal point for a new concept: cultural heritage conservation. Since the early 1970s the town has been systematically restored. A leading figure in this initiative since the late 1960s has been Curt Pomp: against much opposition from politicians and councillors he founded and championed the Lüneburg Altstadt Working Group (Arbeitskreis Lüneburger Altstadt) for the preservation of historic buildings. His engagement was rewarded with the German Prize for Cultural Heritage Conservation and the German Order of Merit. Today Lüneburg is a tourist attraction as a result of the restoration and important sectors of the town’s economy also depend on tourism.
Between Lüneburg and Soltau to the southwest, a large military training area, the Soltau-Lüneburg Training Area (SLTA), was established by the British and Canadian military, which was used from 1963 to 1994. It was governed by the Soltau-Lüneburg Agreement between the Federal Republic of Germany, the United Kingdom and Canada. The area was located on the Lüneburg Heath and was heavily used particularly by tanks and other armoured vehicles.
The salt mine was closed in 1980, ending the thousand-year tradition of salt mining, although small amounts are still mined for ceremonial purposes. Small bags of salt may be purchased in the town hall, and bags are given as a gift from the town to all couples married in the town. After the closing of the salt mines, the town gained new relevance from its university, which was founded in 1989.
As part of the restructuring of Defence in 1990 two of the three Bundeswehr barracks in the town were closed and the remaining one reduced in size. The Bundesgrenzschutz barracks was also closed. Lüneburg University moved to the site of the old Scharnhorst barracks. The university grew out of the new economics and cultural studies departments set up in the 1980s and their amalgamation with the College of Education (Pädagogischen Hochschule or PH) that took place in 1989. Since its move to the former barracks site the university has enrolled increasing numbers of students. The expansion of the university is an important contribution to the restructuring of the town into a service centre.
Today an industrial estate, the Lünepark, has been built on the terrain of the old Bundesgrenzschutz barracks with its new industrial premises for entrepreneurs. The promotion of trade and industry has resulted in many firms from the ICT area locating themselves there. In May 2006 the nearby Johannes Westphal Bridge was opened to traffic. This links the newly created Lünepark with the suburb of Goseburg on the far side of the Ilmenau. Since 5 October 2007 Lüneburg has been able to call itself a Hanseatic Town; together with Stade it is one of only two towns in Lower Saxony to bear the title.
1943: Hagen and Lüne
1974: Häcklingen, Ochtmissen, Oedeme and Rettmer as well as the Ortsteile of Alt-Hagen, Ebensberg and Pflegerdorf/Gut Wienebüttel.
Lüneburg already had about 14,000 inhabitants in the Late Middle Ages and beginning of the Modern Period and was one of the largest ‘cities’ of its time, but its population shrank with the economic downturn to just 9,400 in 1757; then rose again to 10,400 in 1813. With the onset of industrialisation in the 19th century, population growth accelerated. If 13,000 were living in the town in 1855, by 1939 there were as many as 35,000. Shortly after the Second World War, refugees and displaced persons from Germany’s eastern territories brought an increase in population within just a few months of around 18,000 people so that the total number in December 1945 was 53,000. In 2003 the 70,000 level was exceeded for the first time.
The town of Lüneburg, its eponymous district and the neighbouring district of Harburg belong to the few regions in Germany that have experienced such a massive growth. The reasons for this include the growth of areas around the Hamburg Metropolitan Region and the consequent shift of people to those areas. The Lower Saxon State Office for Statistics has forecast that the town of Lüneburg will have a population of 89,484 by the year 2021. More realistic estimates, however, put the future size Lüneburg at between 75,000 and 79,000 in that time frame.
On 31 December 2008, according to the Statistics Office, the official census for Lüneburg recorded 72,492 people (those who had their main residence in the town and after adjustments with other states offices) – the highest number in its history. Currently Lüneburg is the eleventh largest centre of population in Lower Saxony. In addition Lüneburg has particularly close relations with its adjacent municipalities which are also growing and with which it is forming an agglomeration. The town, together with the nearby villages of Adendorf, Bardowick, Deutsch Evern, Reppenstedt, Vögelsen and Wendisch Evern, has a total population of about 103,000 and, on that basis, would qualify as a city (in Germany cities or Großstädte are defined as settlements with a population of over 100,000). The town council has the plan to extend the population by adding these villages to the town area.
The following overview shows the population figures based on the situation at the time. Up to 1813 they were mostly estimates; thereafter based on censuses (*) or official projections by the State Office of Statistics. From 1871 the figures were based on those ‘present in the town’, from 1925 on those ‘living in the town’ and since 1987 on the ‘population who have their main residence in the town’. Before 1871 the numbers were based on inconsistent survey methods.
At one time Lüneburg had over 80 breweries. The Lüneburger Kronen Brewery of 1485 in Heiligengeiststraße brewed beers such as Lüneburger Kronen-Pilsener and Moravia Pilsener that were very well known in North Germany. These beers are brewed today by the Holsten Brewery in Hamburg, although the original yeast stock (Hefestämme) was destroyed when the Kronen Brewery was taken over. Only the original Lüneburger Pilsener is still produced as before, although it is now made by the Holsten Brewery and only sold on tap. Today there are just two small inn breweries left in Lüneburg. In the Nolte Inn Brewery (Gasthausbrauerei Nolte) some distance from the centre on the Dahlenburger Landstraße and in the Brau- und Tafelhaus Mälzer in Heiligengeiststraße the tradition of Lüneburger breweries lives on.
Recently Lüneburg has increasingly developed into a venue for tourists. Nevertheless, medium-sized and small businesses still play a major role in Lüneburg’s economy. The University of Lüneburg has also generated changes which, together with its student population, have stimulated the economy of the region.
ARTS AND CULTURE
The Lüneburg Theatre (Theater Lüneburg) is one of the smallest, three-stage theatres in Germany. Not only are plays of all styles put on, but also operas, operettas, musicals and ballets. Although the financial means of the Lüneburg Theatre are comparatively limited, it is no ‘provincial stage’ and can hold its ground successfully against the many theatres in nearby Hamburg. In addition Lüneburg has a large number of amateur theatres, that also produce regular performances. Such a variety in amateur drama is otherwise only found in large cities like Hamburg or Hanover. Examples include (arranged in order of year founded):
Niederdeutsche Bühne Sülfmeister
Kleines Keller Theater e. V.
Amateurtheater Rampenlicht e. V.
theater im e.novum’
In addition there are amateur theatres in the surrounding communities such as the Puschentheater in Melbeck, the Plattsnack Widsbold in Marxen am Berge and the Kleine Salzhäuser Theater (KleiST) in Salzhausen.
The historic town is itself a kind of open-air museum (a "Rothenburg of the North"), but there are numerous museums and old churches (St. Michael’s, St. John’s, St. Nicholas’). The most important museums are the German Salt Museum in the premises of the old Lüneburg Saltworks, in which the significance of salt in the Middle Ages and the extraction of salt is portrayed, and the Museum of the Principality of Lüneburg, in which the town’s history and the history of the surrounding area is captured. Also worthy of mention are the East Prussian State Museum, the nearby North German Brewery Museum with a gallery of valuable drinking vessels (over 1200 years), the 1485 Kronen Brewery of Lüneburg and the Lüneburg Nature Museum on the edge of the subsidence zone.
Lüneburg is one of the few towns in North Germany whose historic centre was not destroyed during the Second World War. Nevertheless, the general neglect of its buildings until the 1960s and the damage in the area of subsidence has led to gaps in the historic architecture of the town. In addition the demolition of ramshackle buildings in the 1950s and 1960s and the construction of shops with a contemporary design broke up the historic appearance of many rows of houses. Since the beginning of the 1970s, however, Lüneburg has been carefully restored. The restoration process revealed hitherto hidden ceiling frescos, medieval pottery workshops and many historic soakaways (Sickergruben) from which a considerably better picture of life in the Middle Ages resulted.
In the Lüneburg Stadtteil of Kaltenmoor is St. Stephen’s (St. Stephanus), the oldest ecumenical building in the town, with Protestant and Catholic churches under one roof. Other buildings worthy of mention are the three remaining town churches: St. John (St. Johannis am Sande, completed 1370), St. Michael (Michaeliskirche), where Johann Sebastian Bach was a choirboy from 1700 to 1702, and the relatively ‘modern’ St. Nicholas (Nikolaikirche), which was built in 1407. The Church of St. Lambertus (Lambertikirche) was demolished in 1850 due to its dilapidated state; it stood in the subsidence area.
In addition there are the Glockenhaus ("Bell House", an old armoury) on the Glockenhof, the Rathsapotheke (town chemist’s), dating to 1598, in Große Bäckerstraße and the historic town hall or Rathaus with its famous town council meeting room, the Gerichtslaube. The Luna Fountain (Lunabrunnen) in front of the town hall is graced by a bronze statue of the moon goddess with bow and arrow; the original dating to 1532 was stolen in 1970 and melted down; the present statue is a replica dating to 1972. In the area of the old port can still be seen the Baroque façade of the "Old Store" (Altes Kaufhaus), most of the rest of which was burned down and had to be replaced by one that was more suitable for a fire station. The port is also home to the "Old Crane" (Alter Kran), a wooden, medieval riverside crane that is still in working order today and which has two large wheels inside that enable the crane cable to be raised and lowered. The fire station moved in autumn 2007 to a new building on the edge of the town centre; the Altes Kaufhaus has since (2009) been converted into a hotel.
On the southern edge of the town centre is the Lüneburg Water Tower which now acts as an observation tower.
In front of the gates of the old town is Lüne Abbey, a former Benedictine nunnery. It was built in 1172 and has been restored.
About 2 kilometres west of Lüneburg, in the villages of Reppenstedt and Vögelsen, is a well-preserved section of the historic Lüneburg Landwehr, a boundary embankment and ditch, that can be walked.
The town has one university, the Leuphana Universität Lüneburg (previously known only as the Universität Lüneburg). There are 14 high schools in the town: 5 Gymnasien, 4 Realschulen, and 5 Hauptschulen; there is currently 1 Gesamtschule, the "IGS Lüneburg" founded in 2009. There are 6 vocational schools, 3 special schools, 3 private schools, and 12 elementary schools.
Leuphana Universität Lüneburg has more than 7,000 students.
Tagged: , Germany , Lüneburg , St. Johannis , asienman-photography | <urn:uuid:1cc6c2dd-9718-46ea-9131-938ab7f796ac> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://kaiyie.net/germany-luneburg-st-johannis-1/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.963678 | 6,679 | 2.640625 | 3 |
AN INTRODUCTION TO ENGLISH GRAMMAR & LANGUAGE
7. Which of the following made the widow look fright- said the pedal. “If anyone should grumble, it is me”, said
ening? the small reel inside the bobbin. When the needle moved,
(1) Her ugly face it took the thread from the bobbin and made stitches un-
(2) Her proverty der the cloth “I do all the important work and here I am
stuck up day and night in this stuffy box. You all have a
(3) Her lack of clearnliness
fine time sitting there staring at the world”, he contin-
(4) Her mask
8. According to the author, people play different tricks
“Now children”, said the kindly old balance wheel," "You
in order to ...
all know what important work the lady is doing today.
(1) frighten others who are feebleminded She is stitching a school dress for her daughter who will
(2) expose people who lead a different life be admitted in school tomorrow. We must all work hard
(3) earn their bread and stitch it beautifully”. “I have had enough food today.
(4) connect both the ends of the forest It is too hot here and I am tired of the needle poking his
9. Which of the following is NOT TRUE in the context nose in all the time”, said the small reel. “Listen my chil-
of the passage? dren”, continued the old wheel. “I have been with this
(1) The witch was really a fearful monster machine for about hundred years. At first we belonged
(2) Dhiru succeeded in solving the mystery about the to a dress maker. He made us work hard. One day this
witch lady"s grandfather come to the shop. He liked the ma-
(3) Dhiru was stronger than the witch chine and bought it. The old gentleman wanted his daugh-
ters to learn sewing but they did not use us much. Still,
(4) The witch had no relatives to take care of her
we were fed regularly with oil and cleaned by the ser-
10. The wido had nobody to support her. This made
vants for years. We have stood in this corner and seen
many things. We saw the old gentleman die. His children
(1) eager to solve the mystery about the witch then started quarrelling. Slowly they became poor. The
(2) bold enough to hold her fast servants were dismissed. Then one by one, the children
(3) feel sympathy for her went away and the house was closed. After many years
(4) curious to known her story this lady came with her husband. She had a daughter
Choose the word which is most nearly the SAME in after a few years. The lady started using us after pour-
meaning as the word given in bold as used in the pas- ing oil into these old joints. She did not listen to her
sage. husband"s suggestion to sell us off to a scrapdealer.”
11. TOOK.....FOR As the wheel finished everyone was quiet for some
(1) sought (2) remembered time. Then the reel said, “We are very sorry and we
(3) considered (4) offered would rather break into pieces than let down the lady.”
12. HARASSED They all continued to work till the scissors snipped the
thread and the beautiful dress was ready.
(1) deceived (2) troubled
1. Why was the reel of thread feeling dizzy?
(3) stolen (4) frightened
13. KEEN (1) It was moving on the needle stand.
(1) careful (2) perfect (2) It was being shaken by the needle.
(3) efficient (4) eager (3) It was being wound with thread.
Choose the word which is most OPPOSITE in mean- (4) It was made to rotate at a very fast rate.
ing of the word givne in bold as used in the passage. (5) None of these
14. FINALLY 2. What was the lady doing on the sewing machine?
(1) usually (2) partially (1) She was stitching a dress for herself.
(3) lately (4) initially (2) She was winding cotton thread on the reel.
15. FAST (3) She was stitching a dress to sell.
(1) slowly (2) lightly (4) She was stitching a school dress for her daugh-
(3) idly (4) loosely ter.
(5) None of these
EXERCISE–3 3. Who brought the sewing machine to the house?
Read the following passage carefully and answer the (1) The child"s grandfather
questions given below it. Certain words are printed in bold (2) The lady"s father
to help you locate them while answering some of the ques-
(3) The grandfather of the child"s mother
(4) The lady"s husband"s father
The balance wheel whirled and the rusty food pedal
clattered up and down. The needle hopped over the (5) None of these
smooth stitching pleats, folds and moving smoothly 4. Which of the following did not happen after the old
around the neckline. The reel of cotton thread jumped gentleman"s death?
and shook on its needle stand. “Stop, you are making me (1) The infighting among his children.
dizzy”, said the reel. “stop, grumbling, you foolish thing”, | <urn:uuid:2911eec3-c365-4372-af21-d5b9935d4b55> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://keralapsc.monsoonmalabar.com/2020/01/21/T-22-19-52-kerala-psc-english-grammar-book-study-materials-1-page-0091.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.975215 | 1,227 | 2.6875 | 3 |
What is software program improvement?
Software development refers to a hard and fast of pc technology activities devoted to the manner of making, designing, deploying and assisting software program.
Software itself is the set of instructions or applications that inform a computer what to do. It is unbiased of hardware and makes computers programmable. There are three fundamental sorts:
System software laravel localization to provide core functions including working structures, disk management, utilities, hardware control and different operational necessities.
Programming software to present programmers tools which includes textual content editors, compilers, linkers, debuggers and different tools to create code.
Application software program (programs or apps) to assist users carry out tasks. Office productiveness suites, information management software, media players and safety programs are examples. Applications additionally refers to net and cellular programs like those used to store on Amazon.Com, socialize with Facebook or post photographs to Instagram.1
A possible fourth kind is embedded software. Embedded structures software program is used to manipulate machines and devices no longer normally considered computers — telecommunications networks, automobiles, industrial robots and extra. These devices, and their software program, may be related as a part of the Internet of Things (IoT).2
Software development is normally carried out by means of programmers, software program engineers and software developers. These roles interact and overlap, and the dynamics between them range substantially across improvement departments and communities.
Programmers, or coders, write source code to application computer systems for unique responsibilities like merging databases, processing on-line orders, routing communications, conducting searches or showing text and photographs. Programmers usually interpret commands from software builders and engineers and use programming languages like C++ or Java to hold them out.
Software engineers practice engineering ideas to construct software and systems to remedy problems. They use modeling language and different gear to plan solutions that may regularly be implemented to problems in a preferred manner, rather than merely solving for a particular instance or patron. Software engineering answers adhere to the scientific technique and ought to work inside the real global, as with bridges or elevators. Their responsibility has grown as merchandise have end up increasingly more wise with the addition of microprocessors, sensors and software program. Not handiest are greater merchandise relying on software for market differentiation, but their software program improvement ought to be coordinated with the product’s mechanical and electric improvement work.
Software developers have a less formal role than engineers and may be closely worried with precise mission regions — along with writing code. At the equal time, they pressure the overall software development lifecycle — consisting of operating throughout purposeful groups to convert requirements into capabilities, handling improvement teams and procedures, and accomplishing software trying out and renovation. | <urn:uuid:00fbf2df-5e6a-4589-9a58-0ac4b9acc617> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://kihnow.org/what-are-the-4-steps-of-software-development/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.916671 | 549 | 3.109375 | 3 |
The two countries dealt with their debts very differently. Britain was a model of orthodoxy, returning to the gold standard and running huge primary surpluses to pay its debts; France, with a weaker political system, ended up inflating away much of its debt and accepting a big devaluation of the franc.He then shows graphs that show a bigger gain in postwar GDP growth, which I guess is proof that inflation confers wonderful general economic benefits. (I am not putting the graphs on this page, so if you want to see them, go to his blog.)
First, Krugman overdoes it with the whole "virtue" thing. There was no "virtue" in Great Britain overvaluing its Pound Sterling following the war; virtue, after all, requires honesty and the Brits were not being honest about what World War I had done to its economy. (Like Krugman, they were in the "let's pretend we still are rich" mode of thinking.) Murray Rothbard in America's Great Depression noted that British financial policy was a disaster:
Great Britain, in particular, faced a grave economic problem. It was preparing to return to the gold standard at the pre-war par (the pound sterling equaling approximately $4.87), but this meant going back to gold at an exchange rate higher than the current free-market rate. In short, Britain insisted on returning to gold at a valuation that was 10-20 percent higher than the going exchange rate, which reflected the results of war and postwar inflation. This meant that British prices would have had to decline by about 10 to 20 percent in order to remain competitive with foreign countries, and to maintain her all-important export business.However, notes Rothbard, because of the political power of Britain's labor unions, the needed wage contractions did not take place:
But no such decline occurred, primarily because unions did not permit wage rates to be lowered. Real-wage rates rose, and chronic large-scale unemployment struck Great Britain. Credit was not allowed to contract, as was needed to bring about deflation, as unemployment would have grown even more menacing—an unemployment caused partly by the postwar establishment of government unemployment insurance (which permitted trade unions to hold out against any wage cuts)..As a result, Great Britain suffered from high unemployment during the 1920s. Indeed, had the Brits been "virtuous" instead of, well, British, they would have been willing to be honest about the real value of the pound and let it fall to market levels. To make matters worse, the USA through the actions mostly of the New York Federal Reserve Bank, actively increased the U.S. money supply, an action which did stabilize the pound at the higher price -- but at a high cost both to the British economy and ultimately to the USA itself.
Postwar France suffered from both inflation and political instability, as outlined by Benjamin Anderson in Economics and the Public Welfare. Anderson notes that by late July 1926, the French franc had fallen in value to about two cents. He writes:
Every day the housewife of Paris found that her bread and her herring and her wine were rising in price. A German housewife in the late autumn of 1925, speaking of the French housewife, said "Poor thing." The German housewife had been there herself.That is the side of inflation Krugman claims does not exist, or is reluctant to admit. But when one writes that printing money will bring back prosperity, one is not going to admit the downside of inflation. | <urn:uuid:2ffef3a0-3b52-4421-bded-f39553676aa1> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://krugman-in-wonderland.blogspot.com/2012/11/britain-and-post-war-france.html?showComment=1354199699702 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.979361 | 713 | 2.9375 | 3 |
Year 7 have been busy creating fabulous cell models to help explain the differences between plant and animal cells. The students were tasked with showing as many different organelles (little organs) as possible on their model. We had a fantastic array of models submitted: 3D printed cells, carved pumpkins, clay creations, creative cakes and even scientifically accurate pizza models! It has been a pleasure to display these models throughout our science classrooms, not only have they brightened up our rooms but they are also really good learning resources. To everyone that created a model you should be thoroughly proud of yourself.
We had so many brilliant entries that it was hard to choose our favourites. However, a special mention for the following students for simply fantastic cell model homework:
7N – Ruqayya A, Rebecca M and Darci M
7K – Finn B and Harry G
7P – Ben M, Alfie P, Lily V and Flo C
The Science Department | <urn:uuid:bc6fb19c-fe0e-42de-9bd9-802f0e667bf1> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://kwschool.co.uk/celebrating-cell-models/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.978174 | 195 | 3.078125 | 3 |
Lake Water Quality
Monitoring water quality in lakes and reservoirs is key in maintaining safe water for drinking, bathing, fishing and agriculture and aquaculture activities. Long-term trends and short-term changes are indicators of environmental health and changes in the water catchment area. Directives such as the EU's Water Framework Directive or the US EPA Clean Water Act request information about the ecological status of all lakes larger than 50 ha. Satellite monitoring helps to systematically cover a large number of lakes and reservoirs, reducing needs for monitoring infrastructure (e.g. vessels) and efforts.
The Lake Water Products (lake water quality, lake surface water temperature) provide a semi-continuous observation record for a large number (nominally 4,200) of medium and large-sized lakes, according to the Global Lakes and Wetlands Database (GLWD) or otherwise of specific environmental monitoring interest. Next to the lake surface water temperature that is provided separately, this record consists of three water quality parameters:
- The turbidity of a lake describes water clarity, or whether sunlight can penetrate deeper parts of the lake. Turbidity often varies seasonally, both with the discharge of rivers and growth of phytoplankton (algae and cyanobacteria).
- The trophic state index is an indicator of the productivity of a lake in terms of phytoplankton, and indirectly (over longer time scales) reflects the eutrophication status of a water body.
- Finally, the lake surface reflectances describe the apparent colour of the water body, intended for scientific users interested in further development of algorithms. The reflectance bands can also be used to produce true-colour images by combining the visual wavebands. | <urn:uuid:0cfdb13b-b3ae-451f-abdb-44be9944bd37> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://land.copernicus.eu/global/products/lwq?qt-lwq100_characteristics_=5&qt-lwq_characteristics=1&qt-lwq300_characteristics=2 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.890837 | 350 | 3.9375 | 4 |
As the world turns its attention to the Coronavirus, the old bubonic plague is once again making a presence in some countries .
This is what we know so far about the return of the Black Death. / Photo: Pexels
LatinAmerican Post | Juliana Suárez
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Despite the fact that the Black Death has not been as deadly for centuries as it was in the 14th century and for what was considered the most devastating plague in the history of mankind, its presence in different parts of the world once again raises alerts.
Mongolia, a country whose lack of global openness did not experience the Coronavirus crisis like the others, began to have cases of the Black Death in July. As an alert, the authorities decided to go into quarantine. Days later, in Inner Mongolia (which is a region of China and borders Mongolia) a similar case was detected and that triggered the alerts in the region.
Now, a new case has been filed in California, United States. This would be the first to be detected in 5 years in that area of the country. For now, the cases that have been registered in recent weeks in the world have been detected at an early stage, which has facilitated containment and has not spread.
What is the black plague?
This disease is a symbol of deadly epidemics given its prevalence in Eurasia during the Middle Ages. This could be controlled only years later thanks to antibiotics, but at the time it caused the death of around 200 million people , according to France 24. Today, although outbreaks continue to exist, they were never as deadly as the 14th century.
The Black Death, or bubonic plague, is caused by a bacteria called Yersinia Pestis, which lives in small animals and their parasites, such as fleas. Normally, the contagion of this disease occurs by the bite of the parasites that contain the bacteria, but in some cases it occurs by direct contact and even the ingestion of the animals where they live.
The plague has been present in recent years in countries around the world such as the United States, Peru, Bolivia, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, China and Mongolia. The latter is one of the countries where plague cases are normally found due to the ingestion of animals such as marmots. In the wave that began in July, it was precisely this that led to the appearance of new cases in the region.
Despite its past, the WHO has classified this as a low-risk outbreak because it is rarely transmitted to humans, although it is present in a large number of animals . However, the presence of the plague has never completely gone away. According to the organization, it has a fatal potential and indicates that "between 2010 and 2015, 3,248 cases were reported in the world, 584 of them fatal."
At the moment, China has a level 3 alarm against the outbreak, the second lowest on the scale in the country and will remain until the end of the year to prevent its spread. Meanwhile, California authorities have called for a check on their pets when they are outdoors as the high summer temperatures on the coast can facilitate the spread of fleas with the bacteria. | <urn:uuid:4dd96e9b-ec39-4f54-a4b4-c1713fbf8f57> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://latinamericanpost.com/34145-what-is-the-black-death-and-what-do-we-know-about-its-return | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.970446 | 685 | 3.28125 | 3 |
Corporations, organizations, and even small businesses operating in the United States today need to have their wits about them when it comes to all form of trafficking and labor exploitation. Human trafficking is big-business globally—because to perpetrators, it represents a lucrative opportunity with relatively low risks. In fact, the risk falls upon the victim, and sometimes, upon a company that may not even know it’s playing host.
Two years ago, America was stunned when landmark legal action was launched against twelve hotel chains—who were publicly named and shamed—for failing to act on warning signs that women and children were being sex trafficked on their premises. Calling for a single legal judgment in all twelve cases, proceedings were removed to federal court earlier this year, and the cogs of justice continue to turn towards a verdict.
There can be no doubt that this case is one of the many signals telling us that the landscape surrounding due diligence obligations in this area are changing. Today’s businesses can take this as a cue—and even an opportunity—to set themselves apart through integrity-driven policy and a powerful anti-trafficking stance.
The Many Unseen Faces of Trafficking & Labor Exploitation
While the sex trafficking case above may be alarming to read about, it’s vital to know that labor exploitation comes in many guises, and human traffickers may prey on anyone who exhibits a vulnerability that can be exploited. Victims of human trafficking can be of any race, age, or gender, and of any citizenship status—with businesses of all types and sizes serving as the scene where exploitation takes place, or as the perfect cover for its concealment.
Illuminating the issue for better understanding, the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 defines labor trafficking as: “The recruitment, harboring, transportation, provision, or obtaining of a person for labor or services, through the use of force, fraud or coercion for the purpose of subjection to involuntary servitude, peonage, debt bondage or slavery”. Whenever any of these criteria are met, the “T” word applies—and the buck doesn’t always stop with the trafficker.
Estimates suggest that human trafficking strips the freedom of some 40.3 million people around the world, while roughly 24.9 million people are trapped in forced labor. Today’s growing practice of outsourcing and sub-contracting only increases incentives for traffickers, while complicating the task of businesses trying to keep their operations clean of exploitation. Crucially, exploiting these businesses is essential to the traffickers; they require the space, money flow, transportation, or advertising to keep their illicit activities under the radar of the authorities.
Protecting Both Your Business and Victims of Trafficking
Just as companies can be held liable for corporate crime, direct use of forced labor or involvement in human trafficking establishes a slippery slope towards legal ramifications, be they criminal proceedings or third party litigation. We mentioned due diligence obligations, and in consideration of the shifting labor landscape, these should certainly be enshrined in company policies and practices. Proactivity when it comes to detecting and preventing labor exploitation and human trafficking serves as both a shield and public service—while clear strategies to prevent, report, and remedy crimes uncovered means stepping ahead of the issue, and leading by example.
Turning to corporate investigations specialists for support in navigating the risks of all forms of trafficking and exploitation can provide businesses with unparalleled peace of mind. Simple practices that such professionals can facilitate—such as performing contractor and supplier background checks alongside conducting periodic Corporate Culture Audits—can serve as powerful preventative tools.
When worrying signs arise, a documented and decisive corporate investigation will not only shine a light on criminality, but will also showcase an organization demonstrating their civic duty and core values. Whatever the nature of your business, Lauth Investigations is here to assist you in meeting the challenge of exploitation head on. Contact our team today to learn more about what we can do for you. | <urn:uuid:799ae954-e5da-45ee-a2b5-7631e5fd9d0d> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://lauthinvestigations.com/what-you-need-to-know-labor-exploitation-trafficking-and-liability/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.941595 | 811 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Vehicle In- Cabin Monitoring means interior monitoring. It enhances safety, comfort, and convenience for all vehicle occupants. The system is able to detect many important things like
- Driver distraction
- Signs of drowsiness
- Whether a child has been left behind in the vehicle
- It Alerts the driver to critical situations
One of the most important New Vehicle In-Cabin Monitoring technology use is safety and We know one of the most dangerous aspects of any vehicle remains the driver and, more specifically, their lack of attention and poor decision-making while driving. So to increase safety cameras and vision systems are now being added internally to monitor the driver and, increasingly, the other occupants as well.
In fact, these Driver Monitoring Cameras (DMC) are considered to be so significant to road safety, Through discreetly aiming a camera at the driver and adding advanced image processing software, the accurate ADAS system can determine many important things that will contribute to road safety. DMC-equipped ADAS systems can tell if the driver is looking at the road ahead, or trying to read a message on their phone and not focusing on driving. It can detect if the driver has been taken seriously ill and become incapacitated and more advanced systems are able to deduce the emotional state of the driver using facial expressions as cues.
In the event that an accident should happen, the same camera can detect the size, weight and position of the driver and adjust the airbag deployment accordingly, reducing the risk of serious injuries.
Also with OMC ie. Occupant Monitoring Cameras ADAS systems are able to determine if children or pets are present and whether seatbelts are being used. One such future mandate is the detection of the presence of children in the vehicle, specifically, children left alone unattended. So OMC helps in urgent situations accurately.
ADAS Annotation for Driver Monitoring
Drivers getting distracted, feeling tired, or drowsy can be now detected through the ADAS driving monitoring system to measure the indication of drivers mental workload, his behavior, and the environment around the vehicle. Learning spiral offers ADAS systems annotation via frames will help ADAS to track the driver’s face, behavior and his body movement for safety purposes.
These systems are designed with the basic aim of improving road safety and are steps on the path to the fully autonomous vehicles of the future. We specialize in various Data annotation and Data labeling services for various industries, especially autonomous vehicles supporting all the key in-cabin monitoring features for security purposes.
About the Organization
We offer qualitative Data annotation & Data Labeling services including Image annotation for machine learning and AI-based computer vision object recognition in various industries for accurate results. Our ISO 27000 certified facilities are equipped to handle the most secure data, and our training data expertise helps reduce ramp time and increase quality.
Thanks For Reading! | <urn:uuid:6e7fb24d-a607-4349-9443-79f199727cbd> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://learningspiral.ai/vehicle-in-cabin-monitoring/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.941352 | 584 | 2.78125 | 3 |
In a world where taking care of our planet has become vital, the way we travel is changing too. We’re hearing more about eco-friendly and sustainable tourism, where our adventures don’t harm the environment. But how does technology fit into this? That’s where Laravel comes in. Laravel is like a super tool for building apps, and it’s perfect for crafting travel apps that are good for both us and the planet. Let’s explore how this popular tech, Laravel, is making greener travel possible.
Understanding Eco-Friendly Tourism
- What is Eco-Friendly Tourism?: Eco-friendly tourism, also known as sustainable or responsible tourism, is a way of traveling that focuses on minimizing negative impacts on the environment, culture, and communities while providing enriching experiences for travelers.
- Why is it Important?: Eco-friendly tourism aims to preserve natural resources, protect wildlife, and support local economies. By choosing sustainable travel options, we contribute to the well-being of both the places we visit and the people who live there.
- Benefits for the Environment and Communities:
- Preserving Nature: Eco-friendly tourism reduces pollution, waste, and habitat destruction, helping to safeguard the beauty of destinations.
- Empowering Locals: It empowers local communities by creating jobs and promoting cultural exchange, leading to improved livelihoods.
- Cultural Respect: Sustainable travel encourages travelers to respect and appreciate local cultures, traditions, and heritage.
- Growth of Sustainable Travel:
- Rising Trends: More travelers are seeking eco-friendly options due to increased awareness of environmental issues.
- Positive Industry Impact: The growth of sustainable travel promotes responsible business practices in the tourism industry.
- Numbers Speak: Statistics show a significant increase in the number of people choosing sustainable travel options, driving positive change in the travel sector.
Embracing eco-friendly tourism contributes to a healthier planet and vibrant communities, making it a win-win for travelers and the places they explore.
Role of Technology in Sustainable Travel
Technology is changing the way we travel, making it more sustainable for our planet. Here’s how:
- Reshaping Travel: Technology has transformed how we plan, book, and experience trips. From online booking platforms to navigation apps, it’s easier than ever to explore the world responsibly.
- Innovations for Sustainability: Exciting innovations like electric vehicles and carbon offset calculators are reducing our travel’s environmental impact. Electric vehicles produce fewer emissions, while carbon offset calculators help us balance out our carbon footprint.
- Sustainable Travel Apps: These apps are like eco-friendly travel buddies! They help us find eco-conscious accommodations, recommend public transport, and even suggest green activities. By choosing these options, we contribute to preserving natural beauty and supporting local communities.
Sustainable travel apps hold tremendous potential for positive change. They empower us to make eco-friendly choices, making our adventures not only unforgettable but also kinder to our planet.
Introduction to Laravel Framework
- What is Laravel: Laravel is a powerful tool used by developers, like those at Acquaint Softtech, a Laravel development company, to create web applications. It’s like a toolbox that helps build websites with special features.
- Features of Laravel: It’s packed with tools that make building apps easier. It helps with things like managing databases, creating user interfaces, and handling security.
- Why Choose Laravel: When building eco-friendly travel apps, using Laravel is a smart choice. It’s like using the right kind of paintbrush for a painting. Here’s why:
- Rapid Development: Laravel speeds up the process of making apps. It’s like a turbo boost for developers.
- Scalability: As the app grows, Laravel helps it stay strong. It’s like having a building that can keep adding floors.
- Hire Laravel Developers: Companies like Acquaint Softtech have experts who know how to use Laravel to its fullest. It’s like having skilled chefs cook a delicious meal.
- Benefits: Using Laravel is like having a superhero sidekick for your app. It makes development smoother, quicker, and more reliable. So, when creating travel apps for sustainable tourism, think of Laravel as your trusty travel companion!
Building Eco-Friendly Features with Laravel
Creating travel apps that help the planet is easier than you think! With the expertise of Acquaint Softtech, a leading Laravel development company, and the power of Laravel, you can craft apps that make sustainable travel a breeze for everyone. Here’s how:
- User-Friendly Design: Craft interfaces that are simple and enjoyable, making eco-friendly choices obvious and effortless.
- Real-Time Carbon Tracking: Thanks to Laravel’s backend magic, you can empower users to track their carbon footprint in real time. It’s like having a personal eco-tracker right in your pocket!
- API Integrations: By collaborating with public transportation, electric vehicle charging stations, and eco-friendly accommodations through APIs, your app can offer users the best green options available.
- Hire Laravel Developers: If you’re not sure where to start, don’t worry! You can hire skilled Laravel developers from Acquaint Softtech to bring your eco-friendly travel app to life.
Remember, with Laravel and the right team, you’re not just developing an app – you’re promoting sustainable travel and a healthier planet for all.
Data Management and Analytics
Data is key to making eco-friendly travel apps effective and user-friendly. Here’s how Acquaint Softtech, a leading Laravel development company, utilizes Laravel to manage data and analytics:
- Importance of Data Collection: Collecting data helps understand user behavior and preferences, aiding in tailoring sustainable travel suggestions.
- Laravel’s Database Management: Acquaint Softtech’s expert Laravel developers utilize the framework’s robust database management capabilities. They securely store user preferences and travel history, ensuring smooth app functionality.
- Incorporating Analytics: With Laravel’s support, the app tracks user engagement and calculates environmental impacts. This informs travelers about their eco-footprint and motivates sustainable choices.
In collaboration with Hire Laravel developers, Acquaint Softtech crafts apps that empower users to make greener travel decisions. Data management and analytics, enabled by Laravel, ensure these apps not only function seamlessly but also contribute to a more sustainable world.
Enhancing User Engagement and Education
User engagement and education are vital aspects of making sustainable travel a fun and informative experience for everyone. Here’s how the Acquaint Softtech, a Laravel development company, can help create a user-friendly and impactful eco-friendly travel app:
- Gamification for Greener Choices: Acquaint Softtech can infuse the app with playful challenges and rewards that encourage users to opt for eco-friendly travel. From earning badges for using public transport to unlocking rewards for reducing carbon footprint, gamification makes choosing green options exciting.
- Educational Insights: The app can include bite-sized information about sustainable travel practices. Acquaint Softtech can create pop-up tips or short articles to educate users on the positive impacts of their choices, raising awareness about eco-friendly travel.
- Interactive Learning with Laravel: Leveraging Laravel’s frontend capabilities, Acquaint Softtech can design interactive content. This could involve quizzes to test users’ knowledge about eco-friendly travel or immersive visualizations of carbon savings achieved through their choices.
Incorporating these features, the app developed by Acquaint Softtech can make eco-friendly travel enjoyable and educational, contributing to a greener planet. So, if you’re considering an eco-conscious travel app, don’t hesitate to hire Laravel developers from Acquaint Softtech to bring your vision to life!
Collaborations and Partnerships
- Teamwork for a Greener World: Laravel, the technology behind sustainable travel apps, brings together environmental groups, local communities, and businesses to create a united force for eco-friendly tourism.
- Real-Life Success Stories: Let’s take a peek at some real examples of collaborations that have made a difference:
- Green Hotels Network: A travel app partnered with eco-conscious hotels, promoting their services to users looking for sustainable accommodations.
- Clean Transit Alliance: An app collaborating with public transportation authorities to provide users with eco-friendly commuting options.
- Benefits Galore:
- Wider Reach: Collaborations amplify the app’s reach, introducing it to new audiences.
- Credibility Boost: Partnerships with established eco-friendly entities lend credibility to the app’s mission.
- Richer Data: Collaborators bring in data and insights that enhance the app’s features.
Challenges and Solutions
- The Bumpy Road: Developing and promoting eco-friendly travel apps comes with its share of challenges, but fret not! There are ways to smooth the path:
- Challenge: Data Accuracy
- Solution: Collaborate with reliable data sources like government agencies or trusted environmental organizations to ensure accurate information.
- Challenge: User Adoption
- Solution: Make the app user-friendly with intuitive interfaces and gamification elements to encourage users to make eco-conscious choices.
- Challenge: Technical Limitations
- Solution: Laravel’s versatility can help overcome technical challenges. Regular updates and staying informed about new features can keep the app up-to-date.
- Challenge: Balancing Impact and Profit
- Solution: Offer a freemium model, providing basic features for free and premium services for a fee. This supports sustainability while maintaining revenue.
- Challenge: Changing User Behavior
- Solution: Educate users about the environmental impact of their choices through in-app guides, videos, and interactive content.
- Challenge: Regulatory Compliance
- Solution: Stay updated with environmental regulations and collaborate with legal experts to ensure the app’s compliance.
- Best Practices for a Smooth Ride:
- Engagement Matters: Keep users engaged with regular updates, rewards, and personalized suggestions.
- Sustainability Ambassadors: Encourage users to become ambassadors for eco-friendly travel by sharing their experiences and advocating for responsible tourism.
- Constant Innovation: Embrace user feedback and keep refining the app’s features to align with evolving eco-friendly trends.
Remember, every challenge is an opportunity to innovate, and with Laravel’s flexibility and the power of partnerships, sustainable travel apps can overcome hurdles and drive positive change in the world of travel!
In a world where our planet’s health is a shared responsibility, sustainable travel has emerged as a vital practice. By blending technology and mindful exploration, we’re shaping a greener future. Laravel, a friendly tool for crafting digital experiences, plays a crucial role in building travel apps that make a difference. These apps not only make eco-friendly choices easier but also spread awareness. As we bid farewell to this blog journey, let’s remember that every tap, click, and code can pave the way for a more eco-conscious and exciting travel adventure. | <urn:uuid:0bba5229-ea5e-4e7b-b75e-67daef943eef> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://legendswave.com/laravel-with-sustainable-travel-apps-eco-friendly-tourism/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.868019 | 2,361 | 2.921875 | 3 |
News and Current Events
On a single night in Minnesota, specifically January 25th, 2023, 8,393 people were experiencing homelessness. November is National Homeless Awareness Month. There is a large connection between homelessness and victimizations such as domestic violence and human trafficking. Domestic and sexual violence is a leading cause of homelessness in women and children. “Between 22% and 57% of all homeless women report that domestic violence was the immediate cause of their homelessness. Additionally, 38% of all victims of domestic violence become homeless at some point in their lives.”
Oftentimes an abuser will use housing as a reason to control their victim. The victim may not leave an abusive relationship due to the fear of being homeless or having nowhere to go. The victim may feel they cannot afford to live on their own. It is also possible that due to financial abuse, the victim has no money to put down or no way to afford rent.
Just because someone is in a domestic violence relationship it does not mean that they will be homeless, but being a victim does increase the chances of becoming homeless. “Over 90% of homeless women have experienced severe physical or sexual abuse at some point in their lives, and 63% have been victims of intimate partner violence as adults.”
From October 1st, 2022- September 30th, 2023 WRAP provided emergency safe housing for 80 individuals. The breakdown of these individuals was 52 adult females, 2 adult males, and 26 children. WRAP’s safe houses were used 29 times and hotel/motel vouchers were used 71 times. WRAP provided a total of 1572 nights of safety. This is equal to 4 years, 3 months, and 19 days of safety. WRAP also provided relocation assistance 1944 times during this same period.
Being homeless can also increase the chance of being a victim, especially of human trafficking. Traffickers will offer a safe place to sleep, sometimes this can be in exchange for something such as escort services, residence-based commercial sex, illicit activities, begging and peddling, and outdoor solicitation. Traffickers may also offer a place to stay and force the person into these activities.
In July 2018 the Polaris Project released a report on human trafficking and housing. “In Polaris’s survivor survey, 64% reported being homeless or experiencing unstable housing at the time they were recruited into their trafficking situation. Traffickers are able to exploit potential victims’ fear of sleeping on the street by offering them safe shelter to recruit them into trafficking. LGBTQ+ populations are at an increased risk as well as runaway/homeless youth and some may choose to engage in survival sex to get access to shelter.”
Those who are homeless may take part in survival sex. “Survival sex is when an individual engages in sexual activity in exchange for basic living necessities such as food and housing. This arrangement could be voluntary (with adults 18+), exploitative, or rise to the level of sex trafficking, depending on the conditions.” In the 2017, Labor and Sex Trafficking Among Homeless Youth by Laura T. Murphy 641 runaway and homeless youth were interviewed. These youth were being served by Covenant House in the United States and Canada. 1 in 5 of the youth interviewed had been a victim of human trafficking. “In the Murphy study, of the youth who reported being trafficked for sex, engaging in survival sex, or generally trading sex for money, 68 percent reported doing so while they were homeless and 19 percent of all youth interviewed reported engaging in survival sex.”
Homelessness affects a variety of people for a variety of reasons. It is important to understand that there is a connection between victimizations such as domestic and sexual violence or human trafficking and homelessness.
If you or someone you know is experiencing domestic violence or human trafficking, please seek help! WRAP provides free & confidential services to victims of domestic violence and/or human trafficking in Lincoln, Lyon, Redwood, & Yellow Medicine counties. As well as services to victims of sexual assault in Yellow Medicine county. WRAP can be reached at 1-800-639-2350 (after business hours calls are forwarded to Safe Avenues in Willmar). If you would like to learn more information about WRAP please visit www.letswrap.com or check out our Facebook or Instagram pages. | <urn:uuid:1f3ba199-9f9e-4400-b437-197db15a79ac> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://letswrap.com/index.php/news | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.970895 | 883 | 2.84375 | 3 |
Subject searches to try in SOLO
War -- Environmental aspects
Environmental law, International;
War (International law);
Protocol 1, Geneva Convention 1977, Art 35. Basic rules
"1. In any armed conflict, the right of the Parties to the conflict to choose methods or means of warfare is not unlimited.
2. It is prohibited to employ weapons, projectiles and material and methods of warfare of a nature to cause superfluous injury or unnecessary suffering.
3. It is prohibited to employ methods or means of warfare which are intended, or may be expected, to cause widespread, long-term and severe damage to the natural environment."
The Protocol also prohibits attacks against the environment by way of reprisals.
See also the definition of a war crime in Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court
If you are new to environmental law, a recent discussion of fundamental terms & concepts such as "evironment" and "damage" (though in a peacetime context) may still be useful | <urn:uuid:67f50a04-d365-4c99-b2f6-5c1006f235aa> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://libguides.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/law-ihl/env | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.913512 | 206 | 2.53125 | 3 |
As technology continues to advance and expand, the need for affordable and reliable connectivity has become more important than ever. In today’s economy, access to the internet is essential for communication, education, and job opportunities. However, not everyone has the financial means to afford internet service or the necessary equipment. That’s where the Lifeline and Affordable Connectivity Program (ACP) comes in.
First, let’s define what the Lifeline and ACP are. The Lifeline program is a federal program that provides discounted phone and internet service to low-income individuals and families. It was created in the 1980s to ensure that all Americans have access to vital communication services. The ACP is a new program that was recently announced by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). It aims to expand upon the Lifeline program by providing discounted internet service to low-income households, as well as funding for equipment such as computers and hotspots.
Now, let’s discuss why these programs are essential in today’s economy.
1. Communication is essential for daily life
In today’s world, communication is essential for daily life. We rely on the internet and phone service to connect with our loved ones, receive important information, and access various services. Without these tools, individuals can become isolated and disconnected from society. The Lifeline and ACP programs ensure that low-income individuals and families have access to these vital communication tools.
2. Education has moved online.
With the pandemic, many schools and universities have transitioned to online learning. This shift has made access to the internet and reliable connectivity more important than ever for students. Without it, students can fall behind in their studies and miss out on important educational opportunities. The Lifeline and ACP programs help to bridge the digital divide and ensure that all students have equal access to education.
3. Job opportunities are increasingly found online.
In today’s economy, many job opportunities are found online. From applying for jobs to participating in virtual interviews, the internet has become an essential tool for job seekers. Without access to the internet, individuals can miss out on opportunities for employment. The Lifeline and ACP programs help to ensure that low-income individuals have the tools they need to search for and apply for jobs.
4. The internet has become an essential tool for small businesses.
Small businesses have also been impacted by the shift to online communication and commerce. The internet has become an essential tool for small businesses to market their products, connect with customers, and process transactions. Without access to the internet, small businesses may struggle to compete and thrive in today’s economy. The Lifeline and ACP programs can help small businesses by providing affordable and reliable connectivity.
5. The digital divide disproportionately affects marginalized communities.
The digital divide, or the gap between those who have access to the internet and those who do not, disproportionately affects marginalized communities. Low-income individuals, people of color, and those living in rural areas are more likely to lack access to the internet and reliable connectivity. The Lifeline and ACP programs work to bridge this divide and provide equal access to these essential tools.
In conclusion, the Lifeline and Affordable Connectivity Program (ACP) are essential in today’s economy because they provide low-income individuals and families with access to affordable and reliable connectivity. Communication, education, job opportunities, and small businesses all rely on the internet, and the Lifeline and ACP programs help to ensure that everyone has equal access to these tools. By bridging the digital divide, these programs help to create a more equitable society and economy. | <urn:uuid:d30880e0-c992-42de-8efb-7a6807c043c6> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://lifelineassistance.org/why-the-lifeline-and-affordable-connectivity-program-acp-are-essential-in-todays-economy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.953935 | 743 | 3.0625 | 3 |
The house at 13 Washington Square West in Salem, around 1910. Image courtesy of the Library of Congress, Detroit Publishing Company Collection.
The scene in 2017:
This house is one of many elegant Federal-style mansions that were built in Salem in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. The period coincided with Salem’s peak of prosperity as a seaport, and many of these homes were built for wealthy merchants. One of these merchants, John Andrew, built this house here at the southwest corner of the Salem Common in 1819. It was among the finest houses built during this period, and was reportedly the most expensive private home in New England at the time.
Like most other houses of the era, it has a square design, with three stories, a symmetrical front facade, and a hip roof that is partially hidden by a balustrade. However, it also has other decorative features that make it stand out from similar homes, including the decorative front porch, the Palladian window above it, and the four large columns on the left side. The house is also situated on a relatively large lot for downtown Salem, and the property includes a garden on the left side and a stable on the right.
John Andrew’s wealth had come through the Russian fur trade, but he subsequently fell on hard times after building this house. By the time he died a decade later, in 1829, he was in considerable debt. However, the house would remain in his family for many years, and his extended family continued to be prominent. His nephew, John A. Andrew, who often visited this house, went on to become governor of Massachusetts from 1861 to 1866, and Governor Andrew’s son, John F. Andrew, served two terms in Congress from 1889 to 1893.
The Andrew family sold this house in 1860, and it went through several ownership changes before being purchased by James O. Safford in 1871. Safford was a leather merchant, and his business interests also included serving as a director of the North Bank of Boston and the Naumkeag Steam Cotton Company. Along with this, he was elected to the city council for four consecutive years, serving from 1865 to 1868. During the 1870 census, which was taken shortly before he purchased this house, he had real estate valued at $10,000, with a personal estate of $8,000.
By the 1880 census, Safford was living here in this house with his wife Nancy, their teenaged children William and Elizabeth, and three servants. He died three years later, at the age of 63, followed by Nancy a decade later in 1893. Their children inherited the property, though, and the 1900 census shows both William and Elizabeth at the house. Elizabeth was married by this point, and lived here with her husband, McDonald White, and their two young children, Elizabeth and Osborne. The family also employed four most of them Irish immigrants, who lived here in the house.
The family was still living here when the first photo was taken around 1910. At the time, William Safford was a real estate broker, while McDonald White was a manager for the Houghton Mifflin Company. However, White was killed in a car accident in 1916, and Elizabeth’s two children moved out of the house sometime during the 1920s. Both the 1930 and 1940 censuses show Elizabeth and William living alone in the mansion except for a single servant, and they died a year apart in 1946 and 1947, after having lived in this house for nearly their entire lives.
After Elizabeth’s death in 1947, the house was acquired by the Essex Institute. For many years, the house served as the home of the museum director, and today it is owned by the Peabody Essex Museum, which was formed after the 1992 merger between the Essex Institute and the Peabody Museum of Salem. The Andrew-Safford House is one of many historic houses owned by the museum, and it is also a part of the Essex Institute Historic District, which was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1972. | <urn:uuid:d9ba452c-bd49-4054-b398-c73ae291046f> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://lostnewengland.com/2018/12/andrew-safford-house-salem-mass/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.989696 | 842 | 2.546875 | 3 |
In recent years, social media has become an integral part of our daily lives. From scrolling through our feeds to posting updates about our lives, we are constantly connected to the online world. However, as social media has grown in popularity, concerns have been raised about its impact on our mental health and society as a whole. In this article, we will explore the ways in which social media can be harmful and discuss potential solutions to mitigate its negative effects.
One of the most significant negative effects of social media is its impact on our mental health. Studies have shown that social media use can contribute to increased feelings of anxiety, depression, and loneliness. One reason for this is that social media encourages us to compare ourselves to others. When we see curated and edited versions of other people's lives, it's easy to feel like we are falling short in comparison. This can lead to a cycle of negative thoughts and feelings that can be difficult to break.
Another negative effect of social media is its potential to perpetuate misinformation and contribute to the spread of "fake news." Social media algorithms are designed to show us content that is likely to keep us engaged on the platform, often without regard for its accuracy or verifiability. This can lead to the proliferation of false information, which can have serious consequences for public health, politics, and more.
Finally, social media has also been shown to contribute to the breakdown of social connections and the erosion of community. While social media platforms offer a way to connect with others online, they do not provide the same level of social support and connection that in-person interactions do. This can lead to feelings of isolation and disconnection, particularly for those who spend significant amounts of time online.
While social media has its drawbacks, there are steps we can take to mitigate its negative effects. One of the most important steps is to be mindful of our social media use and to set boundaries around it. This might mean limiting the amount of time we spend on social media each day, or taking a break from it altogether when we feel overwhelmed.
Another potential solution is to cultivate a more critical perspective on the content we see on social media. This means taking the time to fact-check information before sharing it, and being mindful of the ways in which social media algorithms can influence our perspectives. By being more discerning about the content we engage with online, we can help reduce the spread of misinformation and limit its potential harm.
Finally, it's important to seek out other sources of social connection beyond social media. This might mean joining a local community group, volunteering, or spending time with friends and family in person. By cultivating meaningful social connections outside of social media, we can reduce feelings of isolation and disconnection and build stronger, more resilient communities.
While social media has the potential to bring people together and facilitate communication, it also has the potential to contribute to feelings of anxiety, depression, and loneliness. Additionally, social media can perpetuate misinformation and contribute to the breakdown of social connections. However, by being mindful of our social media use, fact-checking information, and seeking out other sources of social connection, we can mitigate its negative effects and build healthier, more resilient communities.
*This content created by ChatGPT as a project. If you would like to learn more, please read the first blog of series. | <urn:uuid:9c2dcadb-7c21-4e60-928d-7f22adcca532> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://mahiryildizhan.com/blog/1683731785social-media-is-it-destroying-our-mental-health-and-society | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.950622 | 673 | 3.671875 | 4 |
Palliative & hospice care for
Tay-Sachs, Sandhoff, GM1, Canavan and related diseases
NOT what you think
There are many myths and misconceptions about palliative and hospice care for children. It does not mean giving up hope and it does not suggest that the child has less than six months to live.
The focus of pediatric palliative and hospice care is on life and living, with a focus on improving the quality of life for the child and the family. The child and family are the leaders of an interdisciplinary team of physicians, nurses, social workers, therapists and clergy.
Sadly, not all palliative and hospice agencies are created equal and agencies with pediatric capability are not available in all areas. This section will help you:
- understand the difference between palliative and hospice care
- learn how palliative and hospice care can help
- identify local agencies
- communicate and advocate for the needs of your child and family
Please note that pediatric palliative and hospice care are emerging fields and not all health care providers understand the differences. Be sure to understand how the terms are being used to avoid any confusion or miscommunication.
"We don't have to wait until we are very sick and know this might be it. We can get support from the day we learn something could happen."
~ Mattie Stepanek | <urn:uuid:834069f9-3b2f-4d4b-be07-b05ce87e776d> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://mail.ntsad.org/index.php/infantile-a-juvenile-support/palliative-hospice-care | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.962331 | 291 | 2.96875 | 3 |
As a novice gardener, there may be some words you don’t know, but with plant biology a subject touched upon years ago at school, technical stuff I read now sometimes needs explaining. Here are a few basics you might come across as a beginner gardener. Forgive me if you know them all already.
Plant parts are a bit of a mystery, so let’s start there. There are 6 main parts to a plant - roots, stems, leaves, flowers, seeds, and fruits. Each part has a set of jobs to do to keep the plant healthy. The roots absorb water and minerals from the soil and anchor the plant in the ground. The stem supports the plant above ground and carries the water and minerals to the leaves. Leaves produce food for the plant by photosynthesis. Chlorophyll, the substance that gives plants their characteristic green colour, absorbs light energy. Ok so far.
Flowers - have 4 main parts: the petals, sepals, stamens, and carpels (aka pistils). Petals, I think we all know what they are, the pretty, coloured outer part of the flower. So, what’s a sepal? That’s the green bit that supports the flower petals when they are buds, but sometimes in plants with no petals, sepals function as petals. Stamens? Short answer is that it is the male reproductive part of a flower. A long slender stalk, the filament, with a two-lobed anther at the tip. (The anther consists of four saclike structures that produce pollen). Carpels? They are the female bits, which are responsible for the production of male and female gametes (the reproductive cells of a plant) for fertilisation.
Seeds and fruits - The seeds and fruits are basically the results of fertilisation of the plant. A fruit is the part of a flowering plant that contains the seeds, and the skin may be thin, tough, or hard. But some fruits, including nuts, are dry, and are basically the seeds of fruits. Angiosperms, also called flowering plants, have seeds that are enclosed within an ovary (usually a fruit), while gymnosperms have no flowers or fruits, and have unenclosed or ‘naked’ seeds on the surface of scales or leaves, like cones.
Now for some random technical stuff. Gosh, there are more terms than I have space for, so I will name just a few.
N-P-K: An abbreviation for the three main nutrients that are absolutely necessary for plants - nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). They are also known as ‘macronutrients,’ and the three numbers are commonly found on fertiliser labels.
Bolt: A term used to describe a plant that has gone to seed prematurely.
Chlorosis: A yellowing of the leaves due to lack of chlorophyll, nutrients or disease.
Rhizome: A fleshy underground stem or runner. Creeping grasses spread by rhizomes.
A genus is a rank in the biological classification. It stands above species, and below families. A genus can include more than one species. When biologists talk about a genus, they mean one or more species of plants that are closely related to each other.
Cultivar - Another name for a specific ‘variety’ of plant, selected for characteristics. For instance, Dazzling Blue and Curly Scotch are different cultivars (varieties) of kale.
Grafting - A technique when a cut portion of a plant is joined or fused to another – to grow together as one plant. For instance, to graft a specific variety of apple onto a different hardy apple rootstock. The resulting plant will produce fruit true to the graft used.
Lastly, an important one, Xeriscaping: To create a low-maintenance landscape with native plants and small or non-existent areas of turf grass. One of the primary goals of xeriscaping is to reduce landscape water use.
Marilyn writes regularly for The Portugal News, and has lived in the Algarve for some years. A dog-lover, she has lived in Ireland, UK, Bermuda and the Isle of Man. | <urn:uuid:4b6b82bf-8019-4001-bc9f-d8353e79f71b> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://mail.theportugalnews.com/he/nieuws/2022-11-27/do-you-know-your-stamens-from-your-sepals/72394 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.943073 | 898 | 3.828125 | 4 |
We recommend reading this book first if you have not already.
We recommend this book for further reading.
In the life of Saul we see the fruit of Israel’s desire for a king. Israel had rejected God as their leader. They departed from Him and in His place providence provided them a manifestation of their own hearts.
They say that power corrupts but absolute power corrupts absolutely. Saul was not given absolute power but he acted as though he did. Saul rejected the appeals and rebukes of Samuel.
“But in rejecting God's chosen instrument, they rejected Christ, their invisible leader. They insulted the Spirit of God; and judgments followed close upon their sin. They were deceived by Satan, but by their own consent; because they placed themselves in his power.”
“Thus was it with Saul. He had the most decisive evidence that Samuel had been divinely appointed and inspired. It was in opposition to all the dictates of reason and sound judgment, that he ventured to disregard the command of God through the prophet. His fatal presumption must be attributed to this Satanic sorcery, which made him blind to the sin, and reckless of its consequences. Saul had manifested great zeal to suppress idolatry and witchcraft, decreeing that all found guilty of these practices should be punished with death. Yet the prophet shows him that in his disobedience to the divine command he had been actuated by the same spirit of opposition to God, and had been as really inspired by Satan, as though he had practiced sorcery.” ST Sep 14, 1882 | <urn:uuid:936f4632-2b56-4d43-99af-3f8f144f367f> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://maranathamedia.com/book/view/sauls-career | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.989673 | 318 | 2.796875 | 3 |
Prof Mark Linne Inaugural Lecture: Clean Combustion - is that really a thing? (MP3 audio only)
From Billy Rosendale
The earliest cave people harnessed combustion and learned to rely upon it for cooking and heat. It’s a very old tool, handed down to us from the ancient past. These days we rely upon combustion for transportation, electricity, heat, and it powers many industrial processes. Over 86% of the world’s energy use relies upon combustion. We are addicted to it and like many addictions we wish we could be free of it, but we must be careful moving forward.
We face a dilemma. Combustion contributes roughly 80% of the greenhouse gases produced every year. To stop using combustion, however, would produce an economic disaster like no other in history. The world economy remains closely linked to energy use and combustion is our energy source for now, yet we must stop flooding the atmosphere with climate changing gases. In addition, we must also acknowledge that we live in a democracy. Governments cannot simply command citizens to stop using combustion-based energy.
The solutions to this problem will be complex, multifaceted, and they will take time to implement. Some of the recent inaugural lectures have already touched on topics like energy storage (important for intermittent electricity generation like wind), and carbon capture and storage. This presentation will attempt to put internal combustion engines in context; to explain how they fit into the energy scene, where we are in terms of our ability to reduce climate impacts, and what will be required.
- Prof Mark Linne, School of Engineering profile: http://www.eng.ed.ac.uk/about/people/prof-mark-linne | <urn:uuid:f9215042-1fbb-4184-a623-8c396d45b154> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://media.ed.ac.uk/media/Prof+Mark+Linne+Inaugural+LectureA+Clean+Combustion+-+is+that+really+a+thingF+%28MP3+audio+only%29/1_8p5zc5ga | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.923672 | 353 | 3.203125 | 3 |
Patient Information for Hydrogen Peroxide cleaning for Ear Infections/Ear Wax
Who is this information for?
This information is for patients, families and carers to manage ear cleaning for individuals with middle and outer ear infections or ear wax. The cleaning of ears with hydrogen peroxide should only be undertaken as instructed by a health professional.
What is hydrogen peroxide and how does it clean ears?
Hydrogen peroxide works by mechanically assisting to soften and remove debris when instilled into the ear.
Hydrogen peroxide ear drops can be used as prevention medication 1-3 times per week to clear wax and to keeps ears clear from debris.
What should I expect when I place hydrogen peroxide ear drops into my ear?
When you instill hydrogen peroxide into your ear you may feel a warm tingling sensation.
You may notice the solution bubbling out of the ear canal.
This solution is very safe in all ears, even when you have grommets or an ear drum perforation. Read more about Glue Ear and Grommets.
Read more about Hydrops.
How do I use Hydrogen Peroxide ear drops?
Tilt your head to the side and instill the drops into the ear as prescribed on the hydrogen peroxide medication label or on this information sheet.
The first time you use hydrogen peroxide drops in the ear, leave the drops in the ear for a few seconds only and then use a clean cotton ball or tissue spear to wipe the excess from around the opening of the ear canal.
Subsequent times you use hydrogen peroxide drops:
- If using custom MEG Ear drops: 3-5 drops per ear
- If using Syringe: 1-2 mL per ear
Do not place cotton buds or other articles into the ear canal itself.
Stop using Hydrogen Peroxide Ear Drops if painful or uncomfortable, or if sensitivities occur.
If the 3% peroxide is too irritating or stimulating for your ear, then you can dilute it in ½ by using equal parts hydrogen peroxide with cool boiled/sterile water.
Can antibiotic ear drops be used after hydrogen peroxide ear drops?
Hydrogen peroxide can damage the ingredients in antibiotic ear drops. There needs to be a 30 minute delay between administering hydrogen peroxide ear drops and antibiotic drops.
What will I require to clean my ears with hydrogen peroxide?
You will require:
- 3% Hydrogen Peroxide – available in a pre-prepared dropper from us at MEG, or as a generic bottle at most pharmacies
- 3 ml syringes (if using generic bottle)
Your recommended ear care plan
It is recommended where possible in the case of ear discharge that the patient should keep their ear dry.
A specific antibiotic and hydrogen peroxide ear drop regimen (circled) has been recommended for your management as per below:
|Hydrogen P. Drops||Hydrogen P. Drops|
|WAIT 30 MINS||WAIT 30 MINS|
|Use Antibiotic Drops||Use Antibiotic Drops||Use Antibiotic Drops|
Please follow for ____________________ Days/Weeks/Ongoing.
Please use hydrogen peroxide alone (circled)
|Frequency||Once Daily||Twice Daily||Once Weekly||Twice Weekly|
Please follow for ____________________ Days/Weeks/Ongoing
Concerns or questions?
You can contact your ENT Specialist at the Melbourne ENT Group (MEG):
Your GP is also the best contact for ongoing care and concerns. | <urn:uuid:b0b3f36e-2bd6-45f6-a4cc-6187129bd46a> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://melbentgroup.com.au/hydrogen-peroxide-ear-drops/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.855737 | 746 | 3.203125 | 3 |
Rooftop Solar #10
Nineteenth-century solar panels were made of selenium. Today, photovoltaic (PV) panels use thin wafers of silicon crystal. As photons strike them, they knock electrons loose and produce an electrical circuit. That’s how our Manzanita School Drawdown Arts class made a solar fountain. Kevin Parkhurst of Topanga’s own Design Integration Group, came to teach us about the power of the sun. He showed us how we can capture and store it and how it’s essential for reaching Drawdown by 2050.
Read more about how Rooftop Solar is the top #10 solution: drawdown.org/solutions/electricity-generation/rooftop-solar
Regenerative Agriculture #11
Topanga may be well versed in the practices of regenerative agriculture. Many of us know the value of soil, composting, and having our own gardens. As Manzanita School educator, EJ Johnson says, “The reason Manzanita School was able to plant a quarter-acre farm on top of a parking lot and have so much good-tasting produce grow, has everything to do with our regenerative soil practices.”
Expanding the same principles globally, Drawdown states, “The world cannot be fed unless the soil is fed. Regenerative agriculture enhances and sustains the health of the soil by restoring its carbon content, which in turn improves productivity—just the opposite of conventional agriculture.” Practices of crop rotation, utilizing only organic fertilizers, and no tillage are just a few innovations that can reduce Co2 by 23 gigatons, regenerate our topsoil and save us 1.93 trillion dollars. I’d say that’s win-win-win. Topanga’s regenerative practices include composting locally at the Topanga Community Center or starting a backyard compost.
If you need support with this, contact Move the World/Full Circle Compost and we’ll help you get started: (310) 871-0061.
Read more about the benefits of Regenerative Agriculture: drawdown.org/solutions/food/regenerative-agriculture | <urn:uuid:2cdcb393-0b43-4cb9-bdc3-56532cfff17e> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://messengermountainnews.com/drawdown-solutions-10-rooftop-solar-11-regenerative-agriculture/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.903882 | 466 | 2.890625 | 3 |
Cinco de Mayo is a holiday celebrated on May 5th every year to commemorate the Mexican army's unlikely victory over French forces at the Battle of Puebla on May 5, 1862. While it is a minor holiday in Mexico, it has become a popular celebration of Mexican culture in the United States, particularly in cities with large Mexican-American populations. Cinco de Mayo is an opportunity to celebrate Mexican culture, and it's a great time to enjoy authentic Mexican food such as tacos, which are a staple dish in Mexican cuisine and a popular choice for catering and Mexican parties.
The Battle of Puebla was a significant event in Mexican history and is celebrated with military parades, speeches, and reenactments in the state of Puebla. Despite being outnumbered and outgunned, the Mexican army, under the command of General Ignacio Zaragoza Seguin, was able to defeat the French army, led by General Charles Latrille de Lorencez. The victory at the Battle of Puebla was a significant morale boost for the Mexican army and for President Juarez's government. However, the French intervention in Mexico continued, and they eventually captured Mexico City and established a puppet government under Emperor Maximilian I.
In the United States, Cinco de Mayo is a great time to enjoy the best Mexican food and celebrate Mexican culture with friends and family. It's a popular holiday for Mexican night or Mexican party celebrations and a great opportunity to try vegan Mexican dishes if you have dietary restrictions. If you're looking for the best Mexican food, you can easily find tacos near me with a quick search online. Some people even choose to make their own authentic Mexican dishes at home with a Mexican food kit. Whether you're celebrating with traditional Mexican food, enjoying a festive atmosphere, or learning about Mexican history, Cinco de Mayo is a fun and exciting holiday for everyone to enjoy.
Link to Food:
Food is an important part of Cinco de Mayo celebrations, both in Mexico and in the United States. Traditional Mexican dishes like tacos, tamales, and enchiladas are often served at Cinco de Mayo parties and events. Other popular dishes include guacamole, salsa, and chips. Cinco de Mayo is a holiday that is celebrated with lots of delicious food and drinks, and many of the dishes that are enjoyed on this day have deep roots in Mexican cuisine.
In addition to traditional Mexican dishes, many people also enjoy Mexican-inspired cocktails and beverages on Cinco de Mayo. Margaritas, made with tequila, lime juice, and triple sec, are a popular choice, as are Mexican beers like Corona, Dos Equis, and Tecate.
Tacos are one of the most popular dishes served on Cinco de Mayo. They consist of a soft or hard shell that is filled with a variety of ingredients, such as beef, chicken, pork, fish, or vegetables. Tacos are often topped with fresh cilantro, diced onions, and a squeeze of lime juice, and they can be served with a variety of salsas and hot sauces.
Enchiladas are another classic Mexican dish that is commonly served on Cinco de Mayo. They are made by rolling tortillas around a filling of meat, cheese, or beans, and then smothering them in a spicy sauce made with chili peppers, tomatoes, and other seasonings. Enchiladas are often topped with cheese and baked until bubbly and golden brown.
Guacamole is a classic Mexican dip made from mashed avocados, onions, tomatoes, and lime juice. It is typically served with tortilla chips as an appetizer or snack, and it is a perfect addition to any Cinco de Mayo celebration. Guacamole can be customized with different ingredients, such as jalapeños, garlic, or cilantro, to suit individual tastes.
Salsa is another popular Mexican condiment that is commonly served on Cinco de Mayo. It is made from a combination of tomatoes, onions, chili peppers, and other seasonings, and it can be served fresh or cooked. Salsa can be mild or spicy, depending on the type and amount of chili peppers used, and it is often served with tortilla chips or used as a topping for tacos, enchiladas, and other Mexican dishes.
Margaritas are one of the most popular cocktails served on Cinco de Mayo. They are made from a combination of tequila, lime juice, and triple sec, and they can be served on the rocks or blended with ice. Margaritas can be customized with different flavors, such as strawberry or mango, and they are often served with a salt rim on the glass.
Overall, Cinco de Mayo is a holiday that celebrates Mexican culture and history, particularly the country's victory over French forces at the Battle of Puebla. While it is not widely celebrated in Mexico outside of the state of Puebla, it has become an important cultural holiday in the United States, marked by parades, festivals, and traditional Mexican food and drinks. | <urn:uuid:422ee746-c1f0-4919-8d0a-39283b7a71a4> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://mexi-kit.com/blogs/mexi-co-more/cinco-de-mayo | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.961611 | 1,054 | 2.640625 | 3 |
Good hygiene habits must be maintained to prevent harmful diseases for both the pregnant woman and the unborn child.
There is not much information on how to prevent infection during pregnancy, but it is important to keep in mind that you are solely responsible for your own health. Therefore, it is important to know how to properly take care of your health.
Pregnant women are particularly susceptible to certain types of infections if not taken care of properly. Therefore, if you decide to have a baby, you should also know how to prevent infection during pregnancy.
Of course, as with many other health and well -being issues, it is essential to have a healthy lifestyle, and special attention should be paid to pregnant women.
The importance of preventing infection during pregnancy
It’s important to maintain good hygiene habits to prevent both you and your baby from developing harmful diseases.
Good hygiene should be maintained at the same level both personally and in the surrounding environment. It is necessary to maintain a clean environment to ensure comfort and safety.
Most of these habits are simple, common-sense, but often overlooked as being considered “too much”.
For example, neglecting the simple act of washing your hands after handling animals can introduce bacteria that can have harmful consequences.
Let’s keep the following in mind.
How to prevent infection during pregnancy
- Maintain strict personal hygiene. It all starts with one individual.
- Wash your hands thoroughly and regularly. This is one of the best ways to get rid of germs and prevent infection.
- You must be well vaccinated. Vaccines can be applied according to certain criteria. Some vaccines are given before a woman becomes pregnant and others are given during pregnancy or shortly after delivery.
- Getting the right vaccine at the right time can prevent long-term health problems. This is true for both mother and baby.
- Wash all food thoroughly before eating. That way you get rid of common bacteria that can affect your stomach.
- Avoid sources of infection. It may sound obvious, but it is important to avoid contact with people who have contagious diseases such as chickenpox or rubella. Especially if you have never experienced any of these diseases. Also, if you live near fields, you should protect yourself from ticks.
- Beware of insects. Especially mosquitoes. You should use insect repellent, and you can also buy mosquito nets for extra measures.
- Try using a doctor-approved repellent or lemon and eucalyptus oils. Also, don’t travel to areas where infections such as the Zika virus may pose a threat to you and your baby.
Beware of Local Diseases and viruses.
- If you eat meat, you should always cook it well. It may sound obvious, but it is important to remember that raw meat can pose health risks.
- Raw meat may contain bacteria that can be harmful to pregnant women.
- Ask your doctor about supplements such as iron, folic acid, and vitamins you need to defend your body in optimal conditions. This can reduce the risk of suffering from an infection.
- Watch out for public swimming pools. Public swimming pools can increase your risk from urinary tract infections. Therefore, avoid public toilets and do not touch the toilet if you need to use it.
- The same applies to all public places. So, be careful where you sit. There can be several factors that can be harmful. These elements range from pigeon droppings to street filth.
- If you are going to be outdoors, do not sit directly on the ground or dirt. Always bring a blanket or towel when you sit down. Also, towels should be washed after each use.
- Delegate dangerous tasks to others. If you have a cat and have an animal toilet, don’t clean it yourself. You should do so to prevent infection. Instead, delegate the bin cleaning to someone else in the house. If you don’t have someone to help you, use gloves when cleaning up cat litter and wash your hands after you’re done.
- Avoid contact with wounds and personal care items that may be contaminated with blood or other liquids that may be harmful to health. These recommendations can be applied very easily in everyday life. And adopting these tips during and after pregnancy will reap the long-term health benefits.
By following the tips introduced today, you can also avoid annoying unnecessary situations.
The most important thing is to make sure you don’t fall short when taking precautions during pregnancy. Pregnant women should take responsibility for their own lives and the lives of their babies. | <urn:uuid:1b898071-bc77-4823-bb4f-c4aa36196eb0> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://momatwork.co.uk/how-to-prevent-infection-during-pregnancy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.94372 | 941 | 3 | 3 |
Lets explore qfiles now has new sections specially written for younger readers. Almost all themes in most writings dealt with the development or progress. Beowulf, the earliest literature, the national epic of the anglosaxon, one of. This is a chaotic period of warriorprinces, wandering seatraders, and fierce pirates. Known in the british isles as norman, it is a direct descendant of late roman architecture. The incipient phase of the jomon period, earliest known pottery in the world made during this time. Timelines of world history has a very intuitive layout, brilliantly designed diagrams, stunning photos, clear print it is absolutely superb. World history periods, ancient history, middle ages, early modern period, modern period although geacron allows the study of world history in a flexible way and from different points of view, we have built a menu that includes major periods of the history of mankind. Explore the world of science, the arts, church, government or law. Mary beard shelved 78 times as romanhistory avg rating 4. To read about the background of these events, see ancient rome and history of the byzantine empire. Romes collapse inspired many gripping tales, from gibbons history to dune and battlestar galactica. A new and updated 2nd edition of the highly successful timeline and a complete onevolume text for junior certificate history. Theres no way we could possibly illustrate every innovation in publishing since prehistoric man painted on cave walls, but we wanted to give you a brief timeline to show you how changes in the industry have really picked up since ancient times.
The following is a list of fictional timelines ex machina timeline comic book series created by brian k. Roman lhstorvearliest periods of the history of rome etruscans. As books have now reached the 21st century with the creation of the increasingly popular ebook format, we thought it would be a good idea to take a look back at the long and involved history of the humble book. The history of the book became an acknowledged academic discipline in the 1980s, contributors to the discipline include specialists from the fields of textual scholarship, codicology, bibliography, philology, palaeography, art history, social history and cultural history. Mechanization and new manufacturing processes transformed peoples way of life in britain and elsewhere. In ad324 he becomes sole emperor of the roman empire.
A history timeline of the late period of the roman republic. The path of splitness is a major nonfiction work that will rock the scientific world it is 2,766 pages. The big book of history is the perfect way to engage your child in an adventurous trip through time from the first day of creation to present day. A new and updated version of the highly successful timeline. However, historical events and other literary works signal the continuation of romantic thinking throughout the remainder of the 19th century. Pronunciation was viewed as most important reading skill. The period of the new society started on september 21, 1972.
Important events in america during the 19th century timeline. Due to the queens support and patron, the works of that time came to be known as elizabethan. Or for anyone who has kids who are studying history. The chief characteristic of norman architecture is the semicircular arch, often combined with massive. History of reading timeline by kylie ament on prezi. History paper 2 period study and british depth study time 1 hour and 45 minutes section a period study spain and the new world answer 3 questions 32 marks 50 minutes section b depth study anglo saxon and norman england answer 3 questions 32 marks 55 minutes. Sandals, to be worn indoors or in the summer, had a smaller number of leather strips. This period is called city i in the archaeological literature.
Throughout history, name some ways in which people have expressed their life and beliefs. Enki appears in literature during the early dynastic period iiia of mesopotamian history. Western tradition, the early periods of literary history are roughly as follows below. The book analyzes and explains the basic pre history of the universe and how it came into being, the basic dynamics which created life, the basic. A timeline listing the important events during the roman empire 60. The romans made shoes and sandals by fixing strips of leather to a tough leather or cork base. Help reinforce the chronology of the past as students assemble this timeline while studying the corresponding people and events in ancient history. Ancient history 100,000 to 800 bc 100,000 20,000 bc first modern homo sapiens in africa about 100,000 bc. A number of small cities, centres of the worlds first civilisation, appeared in sumer, the lower part of the tigriseuphrates valley present iraq. Elizabethan era 15581603 this era was the period of new ideas and new thinking. Jul 19, 2018 a history timeline of the late period of the roman republic. Watch this prezi presentation, tracing the history of the book from c. Yayoi period japan migration period europe coptic period egypt kofun period japan classic and postclassic eras. Whats up with everyone leaving the countryside for the city to work in factories.
Living world, earth, science, human body, prehistoric life, space, history, geography and technology. However, outdoors they preferred to wear shoes that covered their toes. Designed for history aficionados, trivia buffs, or anyone with a curious mind, timelines of world history takes an innovative approach to the traditional, textdriven style of a datebydate chronology. This not is a timeline of the history of the roman empire and only includes important legal and territorial changes and political events in the empire from its. Literature timeline historyworld history and timelines. The romantic period some argue that the romantic period ended with the death of john keats. For the carthaginians the defeat at the hands of the romans was humiliating to. Sep 01, 2015 timelines of history paperback september 1, 2015.
The bronze age was the period in human cultural development when the. Following tradition, this timeline marks the deposition of. History is full of stories that will grip you like a modern pageturner novel, but only a few can do it as easily as the tale of the normans. Designed to share the most details in a colorful collection of important facts and interesting photos, it can be an effective educational resource or enjoyed just for fun. Catch a glimpse of the whole sweep of biblical history. Kungfutzu, or confucius, teaches a practical philosophy which will profoundly influence chinese history. Find new intriguing connections using our themed history pages.
The ten historical eras outlined in the chronological life application study bible, along with the books of. A detailed description of the history of the american dental association. The history of the book starts with the development of writing, and various other inventions such as paper and printing, and continues through to the modern day business of book printing. The evolution of the book science fiction fantasy book. Various other works like fine arts endured support and assistance from the queen. Yet in the middle ages the old english literature of the subjugated saxons was leavened by the latin and anglonorman writings, eminently foreign in origin. Timeline of literary periods british literature medieval renaissance neoclassical romantic victorian edwardian modern postmodern old english or anglosaxon period c. The new york public library book of chronologies by bruce wetterau, a history of the twentieth century. The archaic period in mesoamerica during which huntergatherer culture moved toward agriculture. The poems of the shi jing, chinas earliest work of literature, are gathered together.
We know also that as late as the time of the gracchi it was customary for the pontifex maximus to record on a tablet for public inspection the chief events of each year. A more concise, studentfriendly text with language that is easytofollow and understand and has passed the smog test. This is a must have for anyone with an interest in history. The fall of the roman empire and the rise of islam books the. The focu s of the individual lectures is on themes as they are repeated, echoed, and modified through time, but the unifying thread for the course as a whole is the evolution of. Paul written by the christian historians conybeare and howson. Find out more about the norman period in britain by using a combination of the timeline and synopsis below as well as our posts. Some listing of books which are based on a particular period or event are available from the lefthand menu. An illustrated record covering all the major events and achievements in human history. Homeric or heroic period 1200800 bce greek legends are passed along orally, including homers the iliad and the odyssey. Timeline of biblical world history page 4 of in the bible by its inspired authors is in need of supplementation by nonbiblical sources or through the efforts of nonbiblical chronologists forfeits the premise that is essential to the endeavor of creating a chronology of world history using the bible alone. This 19yearold wrote a racy book on teen angst before teen angst was a thing and became famous. Norman style for more than a century after the battle of hastings, all substantial stone buildings in england were built in the romanesque style. The romantic period history and literature timeline.
To read about the background of these events, see ancient rome and history of the byzantine empire following tradition, this timeline marks the deposition of romulus augustulus and the fall of constantinople as the. Discover more about the tumultuous period of norman britain. This complete onevolume text has been written specifically for the junior certificate history course and examination. Parmenides is the first pure philosopher, using logic as a philosophical tool in his poem nature.
Can be used independently or with the literature approach to ancient history study guide from. This timeline comes with 28 important people and events that cover the building of the great pyramids circa 2600 bc to the fall of rome in 476 ad. Selected books on roman history books on ancient rome from founding through empire to fall. The creation of objects and paintings is a form of expression used by people throughout history to record events and beliefs as well as their responses to them. So that these books can be viewed in the context of actual historic events, i have also added some of the more famous of these in italics. The earliest history of books actually predates what would conventionally be called books today and begins with tablets, scrolls, and sheets of papyrus. This was considered best method until soldiers began returning home from wwi with little to no reading. Romanticism, an anthology, 4th edition edited by duncan wu t imeline of the r omantic p eriod on this page you will find an enhanced timeline which chronicles current affairs and significant events in the arts and sciences during the romantic period. Universal history, from the creation of the world to the beginning of. This book is one of the most widely studied biographies of the apostle paul.
Jan 29, 2020 a selection of books on topics in roman history. Jun 21, 2010 websters timeline history books each compile a list of events associated with a topic and they cover a whole lot of topics marc abrahams mon 21 jun 2010. The monarchy, 753 bc to 509 bc political and military events cultural and other events 753 foundation of rome iron age huts on palatine hill c. This is a timeline of roman history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in the roman kingdom and republic and the roman and byzantine empires. The chinese philosophy of alternating opposites is. Websters timeline history books each compile a list of events associated with a topic and they cover a whole lot of topics marc abrahams mon 21 jun 2010. In 48 halfhour lectures, the history of world literature explores crosscultural themes, techniques, and modes of representation over nearly 5,000 years of history. Expulsion of the last king of rome, founding of roman republic. This period is generally regarded as the greatest in the history of. When this custom began is uncertain and it can only be proven for the time when the. A brief timeline of philippine literature by malvina. You can find more detailed listings of actual events in the this day in naval history section. Find all the books, read about the author, and more. Proud and fearsome, these viking descendants were key players in tailoring the sociopolitical picture of europe for much of the high middle ages.
Its key purpose is to demonstrate that the book as an object, not just the text contained within it, is a conduit of. Roman history timeline qfiles the online library of. The roman empire a short history the wisdom of divine prearrangement introduction this phrase, the wisdom of divine prearrangement, is quoted from the book the life and epistles of st. Egyptian literature develops during the period of the old kingdom. Roman lhstorvearliest periods of the history of romeetruscans. Anglo saxon and norman england, c1060 c1088 revision guide. Mar 25, 20 world history periods, ancient history, middle ages, early modern period, modern period although geacron allows the study of world history in a flexible way and from different points of view, we have built a menu that includes major periods of the history of mankind.209 1103 377 862 1282 602 1162 118 886 1277 381 1405 833 1128 417 27 1463 723 549 640 1575 727 964 572 702 745 933 554 1564 836 1215 1385 393 224 663 483 784 270 100 520 1165 196 42 | <urn:uuid:2732e398-b728-43f9-8eb2-00c7a38a1e89> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://mortnewsratne.web.app/185.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.92782 | 2,892 | 2.65625 | 3 |
Welcome to the Maryland State Archives On-Line Workshop: Beginning Genealogy. The On-Line Workshop is an on-going project designed to introduce research methods and resources, presented during the Archives' in-house workshops, to family history researchers through the internet. This On-Line Workshop presents image and video files from the Beginning Genealogy Workshop offered on February 28, 1998.
The workshop leaders were Robert W. Barnes and Patricia D. Anderson. Mr. Barnes has been conducting genealogical research in Maryland for over 30 years and is the compiler of several standard source books on Maryland genealogy. His publications include the three-volume Maryland Marriages 1634-1820, Baltimore County Families 1659-1759, and Guide to Research in Baltimore City and Baltimore County. Ms. Anderson has taught genealogy courses for the Baltimore County Adult Education Program and has written extensively on genealogy in the Maryland Genealogical Society Bulletin.
This On-Line Workshop is presented in five segments: Research Begins at Home; Research Facilities in the Annapolis, Baltimore, and Washington Area; Making Sense of the Census; Using Computers to Find On-Line Sources; Finding a Vital Record. These segments cover the use of oral history, vital records (e.g. birth, death, marriage, and adoption records), church records, census records, and electronic access to guides and records to conduct family history research. Please read the instructions given below and then proceed to the Workshop.
If you do not already have RealPlayer installed on your computer, you will need to download the free Real Media software in order to play the movies.
|Research Begins at Home||Research Facilities in
the Annapolis, Baltimore, and Washington Area
|Making Sense of the Census||Using Computers to Find On-Line Sources||Finding a Vital Record|
Complete Catalogue of All Transparencies Available for this Workshop
Many transparencies are presented in the video clips as examples of those you might need or encounter during your research. These images have been recreated at high quality to enable you to print them out at home before playing the video clips. They are labeled according to their archival series. It is not advisable to attempt viewing the large transparency images simultaneously with the videos as the required memory may stall your machine.
There are two ways to print out the transparencies. To print a transparency from within a Workshop segment, just click on the item from the list. When you see the image, go to File>Print and click "OK". To print a transparency from the complete catalogue below you need to choose the format you which to print, either JPEG or TIF. JPEGs are slightly less detailed, but require less time to download. TIFs, on the other hand, retain every detail and are larger files. Consequenty, their download time is much longer.
Return to Genealogy Workshops at the Maryland State Archives. | <urn:uuid:00fb7294-37f1-46f9-9547-15c2807b19fa> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://msa.maryland.gov/msa/refserv/workshop/000001/html/begworkshop.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.908281 | 594 | 2.578125 | 3 |
Having women at the helm of our government and agricultural systems is vital to surviving the climate crisis.
Last fall, I launched the first season of the climate justice podcast “As She Rises,” and as expected, people asked me why I chose to open each episode with poetry from Indigenous and Black women poets. Or why I featured very local, small-scale stories. But the most common question I received was, “Why are you speaking with only women?”
Personally, the answer had to do with my own aversion to discussing climate change. I’ve always found the topic to be very overwhelming, and engaging with it at all left me despondent. I was sick of hearing from Bill Nye-looking guys who speak only through a barrage of impenetrable facts and fragments of degrees. It felt like such an impersonal approach to discussing perhaps the most intimate challenge of our times.
So, I felt a strong desire to change the messenger and asked myself, “Who could make this issue finally accessible and even more importantly, digestible and uplifting?” I believed that those closest to the problem should be the ones speaking about the real-life impacts on the ground to paint a portrait of what it’s actually like to live through the climate crisis. With that, it made perfect sense to center women of color and native voices.
Women are far, and away, the group most disproportionately affected by climate change. Yet, they are regularly left out of the conversation on a global scale. The United Nations estimates that 80 percent of all people displaced by climate change are women and girls, who make up only 30 percent of global and national climate decision-making bodies.
Those closest to the problem should be the ones speaking about the real-life impacts on the ground to paint a portrait of what it’s actually like to live through the climate crisis.
This disproportionate impact is a confluence of several socio-economic factors. Climate change is a threat multiplier—meaning it intensifies existing disadvantages. Women, on average, make up the majority of impoverished people across the globe and culturally, they are more likely to be caretakers and therefore have less independent mobility. Their role as caretakers typically saddles them to more resource-dependent tasks such as gathering water and harvesting food. Consequently, they’re not able to pick up and leave their homes as easy as their male counterparts.
Not only do women lack the monetary resources, they typically are caretakers of children and elderly people who also lack the means to pick up and move at a moment’s notice. So as severe weather events influenced by the climate crisis increase in frequency, women are even more vulnerable to the devastation. As an example, in 2004, a tsunami struck Sri Lanka. In the aftermath, it was assessed that four times as many women died in the wake of the storm.
Aside from a lack of mobility, there’s another reason women are less likely to evacuate in the case of a climate-induced emergency. When forced to move, migrant women are often left without documentation, possibly navigating a language barrier, and just trying to provide for their families. This puts the physical safety of women all over the world at risk. It’s been well documented that when women are displaced the likelihood of experiencing sexual assault, harassment, or human trafficking skyrocket.
As severe weather events influenced by the climate crisis increase in frequency, women are even more vulnerable to the devastation.
While producing the latest season of “As She Rises,” I dove into the intersection of migrant labor, climate change and sexual harassment with an incredible activist, Lupe Gonzalo, who is a senior member of the Coalition of Immokalee Workers. She migrated from Guatemala in 2000 and spent over a decade working in inhumane conditions on tomato farms in Florida. She told me she had experienced sexual harassment in the workplace and witnessed countless similar, and sometimes worse, incidents among her female coworkers.
These stories are devastating and chilling. But it’s these firsthand accounts that shed light on just how destabilizing the climate crisis can be for the world’s poorest and most vulnerable people.
But women like Gonzalo, those closest to the crisis, are continuing to fight. Gonzalo now works with the Coalition of Immokalee Workers to transform the experience of farm laborers in the United States. The coalition’s Fair Food Program has successfully raised wages, implemented enforceable human rights standards on farms, and created plans to improve conditions for farmers in the face of extreme heat exposure. The program is heralded as a model for the rest of the world. Part of Gonzalo’s work includes leading educational seminars so that more people like her can continue the fight.
Around the world, when women lead in the climate crisis we see progress. According to the Brookings Institute, countries where women have higher social and political mobility emit 12 percent less carbon dioxide than their contemporaries. Female heads of state, like New Zealand’s Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern, have proven to be incredibly effective at combating the climate crisis. In fact, New Zealand’s 40 percent female cabinet aims to have their public sector carbon neutral in just three years. The U.N. has also reported that when given the same resources as men, female agricultural workers increase production by upwards of 30 percent.
The existing, extractive systems much of the Western world has in place were put there by—largely—white men. It’s time to take a different approach. To do so, we need a change of the guard. Having women at the helm of our government and agricultural systems will be vital to surviving the climate crisis. While we wait for the world’s leadership to catch up, there are already incredibly powerful grassroots environmentalists who are making progress in addressing climate change and our extractive practices. These were the women I wanted to speak to for the podcast. The folks whose names you may not have heard before, but whose work is preserving our planet for this generation and the next. These are the kinds of stories that give me the hope to keep going.
In Northwestern New Mexico is Chaco Canyon National Historical Park, a sacred ancestral home for both the Pueblo and Navajo people. I had the honor of speaking with Julia Bernal, the executive director of the Pueblo Action Alliance, an organization that was instrumental in successfully pressuring the Department of the Interior to protect these sacred tribal lands. The formal decision to preserve the area from future oil and gas leasing came from Secretary of the Interior Deb Haaland—the first Indigenous woman to ever hold a federal cabinet position.
Close to home in my native Pacific Northwest, Amy Trainer successfully represented the Swinomish people in a campaign to protect the headwaters of the Skagit River from a proposed mining operation. The opposition was so sustained, and so overwhelming, that a binational agreement was forged between Washington and British Columbia to buy out the tenures to the land from Imperial Metals. The preserved landscape will ultimately be returned to the original stewards of the land—the First Nations people of Canada. When discussing the need to return land to Indigenous stewardship, Trainer helped put it all in perspective,
“We hear, oh, my family’s third generation, fourth generation. Okay. I respect that. But if that is to have meaning, then what does it mean when you hear Native nations and their families talk about, we are here for hundreds, if not thousands of generations. Let those roots and sense of place sink in.”
When thinking about the climate crisis, it is easy to become overwhelmed by dread and feelings of helplessness. But learning about the work of these incredible women has given me a new sense of hope and optimism as we all march forward into the impending storm. If we’re willing to listen to these women, we might actually be able to make it out of this alive. And dare I say, even better than before. | <urn:uuid:2b54c5db-6443-463f-9e6a-b62e2a8950b1> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://msmagazine.com/2022/04/21/women-climate-change/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.962279 | 1,642 | 2.6875 | 3 |
- This event has passed.
This class has been rescheduled for it’s rain date of Sunday, June 19.
The first book printed featuring photographic images was made in 1843 by Anna Atkins, an English botanist and photographer. Atkins pioneered the use of the cyanotype process to capture images of algae, ferns, flowers, and other plants. Cyanotype is a camera-less photographic printing process that allows the artist to explore shape, light, and an appreciation for nature. In this class, learn the history of this process and create your own cyanotypes using plant material harvested from Mt. Cuba Center. No experience needed.
This program takes place in-person (at Mt. Cuba Center) Sunday, June 19.
About the Instructor:
Shelly Silva is the digital marketing assistant at Mt. Cuba Center. She has a BFA in Fine Art Photography from Corcoran College of Art & Design and is currently pursuing her MS in Management at Wilmington University. When she isn’t taking pictures or videos for Mt. Cuba’s social platforms, she continues to practice her art with botanical cyanotypes, chalkboard lettering signs, and painting through her brand, Painted Fern Designs.
Please click here to view our safety measures and guidelines before visiting Mt. Cuba Center. | <urn:uuid:9583bcb6-93a2-495f-a8d0-cdbcaa1c4227> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://mtcubacenter.org/event/botanical-cyanotype-workshop-section-a/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.941145 | 270 | 2.671875 | 3 |
In Georgia’s northeast and mountainous region of Tusheti, many local traditions and rituals exist. Most of them are already forgotten, and many have changed, but some traditions are still alive today. One of these is the Atengenoba Festival.
Every year, the festival begins on the hundredth day after Easter and lasts for two weeks. It is a nontouristic event bound up with Tusheti’s ancient animist religion. It involves ram sacrifices at the ancient shrines known as «Khatebi», the drinking of sacred rye beer, separate-sex feasting, and more different activities.
The festival name’s origin
There are two theories of what and why people celebrate this festival. It is possible that it is derived from the meaning of the eternity of the community – from the two Greek words «Anatos» (immortal) and «Geno» (community), which is evidenced by the importance and ritual of the shrine. At the same time, it is believed that the feast was associated with the deity Athar-Antar or Anator. The scientist Ivane Javakhishvili considered Anator to be the epitome of the Greek deity Apaturia, whose famous chapel was located on the northeastern shore of the Black Sea.
The second and most common theory is associated with the Bishop of Irakliopolis, the Greek priest Athogen. In the 4th century, during the persecution of Christians, Saint Athogen and his ten disciples were tortured in the city of Sebastia. The pathogen was well known for his miracles and ability to cast out devils. One day he was captured and taken to the city of Sebastia. St. Athogen was burned at the stake for his devotion to the Christian faith, but people celebrate this festival not for St. Athogen’s name, but for an icon of this name.
Vardoba and Spartangelozoba
In different Georgian historical sources, the festival Atengenoba was mentioned in two different names: Vardoba and Spartangelozoba. According to the Khevsur ethnographic material, Athena in the Cross-language meant Rose Day. In the pre-Christian tradition, the red rose was considered as a symbol of the martyrs, burned at the stake for Christ. After the adoption of Christianity in Georgia, some old names changed, and this could be the reason why the name Vardoba replaced Atnegenoba in order to be closer to the religious holiday.
Spartangelozoba’s name has a special legend that tells a story about a girl from the Georgian Mountain region who was stolen and taken to Persia, where she gave birth to a child. One evening an angel appeared to her and said: «Get up and come with me». The angel stopped in the mountain village of Sno, and the women stayed and prayed there. In conclusion, we could say that these name changes include different historical moments and changes in people’s lives. Today the Tush people call the festival Atengenoba and still celebrate it.
The Atengenoba Celebration
At each summer village festival (Atnegenoba) there is a host. The «Shulta», an exceptionally important person, is elected by the villagers for one year. In short, the Shulta is the fixer, party maker, and catalyst to make it happen. At an indeterminate time before the great day, a posse of men will take to the beer hut, a small house in the village built to brew beer and prepare food. If the Shulta is a man he will take control and manage the proceedings. If she is a woman … well this cannot happen there because the beer hut is a men-only affair. During the festival days, men and women eat separately. Any visitor who enters the village during the festival will be invited to eat.
The person called «Khelosani» is responsible for ensuring that all the ceremonies are carried out properly. He makes an offering of sacred beer to the deity/saint of the «Khati» shrine and brings out a sacred banner/flag, blesses it with a cry of «Aludi», and rings bells to announce the beginning of the festival. In some villages, the banner is taken to the «Khati» shrine where it spends the night. If the person carrying the banner reaches the shrine without stopping, his village will have good luck for the following year. The banner is taken back to the village the next morning and the festival begins.
At the end of the fest, the ritual horse races are held. Smartly ride the horsemen in the mountains of Tusheti. This is an unbelievably breathtaking sight! The fest represents a great festival of the folk arts. Local and foreign children take part in such a festival with special pleasure. The smallest armed with the brushes and paints create vanguard works of art on the stone flats. Tush women are skilled in knitting and felt cloak-making. The most popular among folk art lovers are Tusheti carpets, brightly colored and decorated in unique local geometrical ornament and natural colors, bright socks, knitted shoes «Chitebi», woolen cloaks, and «Kechebi».
The dangerous road to Tusheti
The road of Tusheti is regarded as one of the most dangerous roads in the world. The Pshaveli-Abano-Omalo road, which is 72 kilometers long and takes 4 hours to cross, is one of the most difficult sections of transport in Georgia, in many places two cars cannot pass together. Active landslide processes have been developed since 2017. The rock mass descends every year, flooding the river and completely covering the road. On the way from the mountain periodically boulders and stones fall.
The Tusheti road is normally open from June to September. For the rest of the year, the road is closed due to heavy snow and avalanche danger. Traffic accidents happen every year on the road to Tusheti, and most of them end in casualties. Most of the accidents on the roads of Tusheti take place during the Atengenoba festival. The causes of accidents are mainly drunk driving, violation of the rules for maneuvering, and speeding. If you decide to visit this unbelievable place be careful. We recommend you book an experienced local driver. We will be glad to help you with it. | <urn:uuid:23be850b-b6cf-4fc3-84d5-714dde5c0f68> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://mycaucasus.com/atengenoba-tushetian-festival/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.955921 | 1,324 | 3.1875 | 3 |
WASHINGTON (AP) — On the 60th anniversary of the March on Washington this summer, a few Black queer advocates spoke passionately before the main program about the ongoing struggle for LGBTQ+ rights. As some of them got up to speak, the crowd was still noticeably small.
Hope Giselle, a speaker who is Black and trans, said she felt the event’s programming echoed the historical marginalization and erasure of Black queer activists in the Civil Rights Movement. However, she was buoyed by the fact that prominent speakers drew attention to recent efforts to turn back the clock on LGBTQ+ rights, like the attacks on gender-affirming care for minors.
And despite valid concerns around the visibility of Black queer advocates in activist movements, progress is being made in elected office. This month, Sen. Laphonza Butler made history as the first Black and openly lesbian senator in Congress, when California Governor Gavin Newsom appointed her to fill the seat held by the late Dianne Feinstein.
Rectifying the erasure of Black queer civil rights giants requires a full-throated acknowledgment of their legacies, and an increase of Black LGBTQ+ representation in advocacy and politics, several activists and lawmakers told The Associated Press.
“One of the things that I need for people to understand is that the Black queer community is still Black,” and face anti-Black racism as well as homophobia and transphobia, said Giselle, communications director for the GSA Network, a nonprofit that helps students form gay-straight alliance clubs in schools.
“On top of being Black and queer, we have to also then distinguish what it means to be queer in a world that thinks that queerness is adjacent to whiteness — and that queerness saves you from racism. It does not,” she said.
In an interview with the AP, Butler said she hopes that her appointment points toward progress in the larger cause of representation.
“It’s too early to tell. But what I know is that history will be recorded in our National Archives, the representation that I bring to the United States Senate,” she said last week. “I am not shy or bashful about who I am and who my family is. So, my hope is that I have lived out loud enough to overcome the tactics of today.”
“But we don’t know yet what the tactics of erasure are for tomorrow,” Butler said.
Butler is a bellwether of increased visibility of queer communities in politics in recent years. In fact Black LGBTQ+ political representation has grown by 186% since 2019, according to a 2023 report by the LGBTQ+ Victory Institute. That included the election of now-former New York Representatives Mondaire Jones and Ritchie Torres, who were the first openly gay Black and Afro-Latino congressmen after the 2020 election, as well as former Chicago Mayor Lori Lightfoot.
These leaders stand on the shoulders of civil rights heroes such as Bayard Rustin, Pauli Murray, and Audre Lorde. In accounts of their contributions to the Civil Rights and feminist movements, their Blackness is typically amplified while their queer identities are often minimized or even erased, said David Johns, executive director of the National Black Justice Coalition, a LGBTQ+ civil rights group.
Rustin, who was an adviser to the Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr. and a pivotal architect of the 1963 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, is a glaring example. The march he helped lead tilled the ground for the passage of federal civil rights and voting rights legislation in the next few years.
But the fact that he was gay is often reduced to a footnote rather than treated as a key part of his involvement, Johns said.
“We need to teach our public school students history, herstory, our beautifully diverse ways of being, without censorship,” he said.
An upcoming biopic of Rustin’s life will undoubtedly help thrust the topic of Black LGBTQ+ political representation into the public conversation, said Shay Franco-Clausen, a commissioner of Alameda County in California.
“I didn’t even learn about those same leaders, Black leaders, Black queer leaders until I got to college,” she said.
The film, titled “Rustin,” debuts in select theaters Nov. 3 and Netflix on Nov. 17.
Some believe the erasure of Black LGBTQ+ leaders stems from respectability politics, a strategy in some marginalized communities of ostracizing or punishing members who don’t assimilate into the dominant culture.
White supremacist ideology in Christianity, which has been used more broadly to justify racism and systemic oppression, has also promoted the erasure of Black queer history. The Black Christian church was integral to the success of the Civil Rights Movement, but it is also “theologically hostile” to LGBTQ+ communities, said Don Abram, executive director of Pride in the Pews.
“I think it’s the co-optation of religious practices by white supremacists to actually subjugate Black, queer, and trans folk,” Abram said. “They are largely using moralistic language, theological language, religious language to justify them oppressing queer and trans folk.”
Not all queer advocacy communities have been welcoming to Black LGBTQ+ voices. Minneapolis City Council President Andrea Jenkins said she is just as intentional in amplifying queer visibility in Black spaces as she is amplifying Blackness in majority white, queer spaces.
“We need to have more Black, queer, transgender, nonconforming identified people in these political spaces to aid and bridge those gaps,” Jenkins said. “It’s important to be able to create the kinds of awareness on both sides of the issue that can bring people together and that can ensure that we do have full participation from our community.”
Black LGBTQ+ leaders are also using their platforms to create awareness about groundbreaking historical figures, especially Rustin. Maryland Delegate Gabriel Acevero and several LGBTQ+ advocates fought to get the only elementary school in his district named after Rustin in 2018. He has also urged Congress to pass legislation to create a U.S. Postal Service stamp depicting Rustin.
“Black queer folks have contributed to so many movements that we do not get acknowledgment for,” Acevero said. “And this is why we should not only ensure that our elders get their flowers, but we should push to have their names and statues built … so that they are not forgotten.”
The Associated Press coverage of race and voting receives support from the Jonathan Logan Family Foundation. See more about AP’s democracy initiative here. The AP is solely responsible for all content. | <urn:uuid:8ae72215-c757-46cf-a491-0832285e3299> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://myfox8.com/news/national/ap-us-news/ap-after-years-of-erasure-black-queer-leaders-rise-to-prominence-in-congress-and-activism/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.964922 | 1,393 | 2.5625 | 3 |
what is the day of the african child?
The Day of the African Child (DAC) was instituted in 1991 by the Assembly of Heads of State and Government of the OAU in memory of the 16th June 1976 student uprising in Soweto, South Africa. At that time, students marched protesting the poor-quality education they received and demanding to be taught in their languages. During the protest hundreds of school children were killed. The Day of the African Child is celebrated to commemorate these children and the brave action they took to defend their rights. The Day of the African Child also serves to celebrate children of Africa as well as inspire a sober reflection and action towards addressing the challenges that children in Africa face on a daily basis.
The Day of the African Child is celebrated every year on June 16 with a theme identified by the Committee based on children’s views collected from various consultations with children themselves. The Committee also developed Concept Note on the theme of the Day of the African Child to guide the commemoration of the Day in Member States of the African Union.
What happens on the day of the african child?
On June 16 of every year, the Committee, African governments, representatives of children, child and youth-led organisations, NGOs, CSOs, international organisations and other stakeholders gather to discuss the challenges and opportunities facing the full realisation of the rights of children in Africa. The Day of the African Child is celebrated at national and continental level. At national level, Member States are required to commemorate the day based on the guidance provided by the Committee through consultations with children and other stakeholders. Moreover, Member States are encouraged to take concrete action including legislative and other measures in relation to the theme of the respective year. At Continental level, the Day of the African Child is celebrated by consultations among children and training for children on the Charter followed by an inter-generational dialogue on 16 June. The Committee and the Participants of the Day of the African Child adopt an outcome statement on the theme following the Continental Celebration on 16 June.
Member States of the African Union submit report to the Committee on the national celebration of the Day of the African Child highlighting the activities of the event as well as the measures that have been undertaken concerning the theme in the commemoration of the Day of the African Child.
Why is the day of the african child important?
The Committee recognizes the importance of the Day of the African Child as an advocacy tool for enhancing the visibility of the Charter as well as promoting children’s rights and welfare in Africa. The Day of the African Child is one of the standing promotional activities of the Committee. During the celebration, The Committee promotes children’s rights and takes stock of the efforts being made to protect and promote children’s rights and welfare across the continent. The Day of the African Child thus calls for serious introspection and commitment toward addressing the numerous challenges faced by children across the continent focusing on the theme of the year. | <urn:uuid:7b2a3e60-fc9a-477e-b587-89cd1baced29> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://national-cases.acerwc.africa/fr/node/318 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.964302 | 600 | 3.609375 | 4 |
What are the natural wonders of Belarus. Belarus is a landlocked country located in Eastern Europe. Over 40% of the country is forested provided an excellent opportunity for nature lovers to get outside and explore. The Belarus wonders of nature can be explored below.
As a natural wonder of Belarus, Belavezhskaya Pushcha is located on the watershed between the Black and the Baltic Seas. It has relatively immense, undisturbed forest of deciduous broad-leaved and evergreen trees. It is considered as Europe’s last large prime temperate forest. Different rare species of mammals inhabit here, including the elk, wolf, otter, and lynx, plus 300 reintroduced, endangered European Bison species. The forest basically lies between the west of Belarus, which is nearly 60 km north-northwest of Brest, and the east of Poland, which is about 62 km southeast of Bialystok.
Belavezhskaya Pushcha can be described as a flat to rolling lowland plain, forming a mosaic of stream, peat bogs, and river valleys. Glacial formations cover the forest, along with deposits of deep sands covering loams and clay, including podsols and bog soils beyond the Cretaceous bedrock. The soils of the forest are mainly acidic.
Berezinsky Biosphere Reserve
As wonder of nature for Belarus, Berezinsky Biosphere Reserve is located 100 kilometers northeast of Minsk, which is situated on the edge between the Black and the Baltic Seas. This biosphere represents the European taiga zone. It is a combination of broad-leafed forests, water-courses, lakes, flood plains, and marshlands. Wolves, bison, and bears inhabit the area, while its rich bird life enchants many scientists. Berezinsky is likewise known for historic sites such as the ancient trade ways, Slavic tombs, waterworks and battlegrounds between the French and Russian in 1812.
This boreal coniferous forest is characterized by spruce, pine, black-alder, and birch, in association with ash, oak, and lime. Water bodies, flood-land meadows, mires, broadleaf forest, and anthropogenic landscape cover the land area, totaling to 113,929 hectares. Overall, its biodiversity consists of fauna, plants, forest systems, and endangered, threatened, and rare species.
Braslavskiy Ozera National Park
A natural wonder of Belarus established in 1995, the Braslavskiye Ozera National Park is among Belarus’ spectacular lakes, situated in the Vitebsk region. The entire park measures more than 69,000 hectares, and hosts over 800 plant species, 20 of which are nearly extinct. The park is also a home to 45 species of mammals, 30 fish species, 189 bird species, 6 species of reptiles, and 10 species of amphibians.
Aside from its rich biodiversity, the park also cradles Braslav, an ancient town that is scenically located in the middle of the park. The history of Braslav can be dated back to the eleventh century.
Narachansky National Park
As one of Belarus’s natural wonders, the Narachansky National Park was established in 1999, and situated in Belarus’ Minsk region. The total land area of the park measures at 94,000 hectares, of which over a third of the area is home to most of the country’s pine trees. It is a recreational reserve with huge, well-stocked lakes. It is also known for its natural springs, along with 18 sanatoria and recuperation centers.
Located in the north-west of Belarus, it is also a part of the famous Belarusian Lake District. Today, the park’s territory covers over 87,000 hectares, including the economic and a sanatorium zone. It stretches 34 kilometers north to south, and 59 kilometers west to east.
The park offers more than 30 activities for tourists such as water trips, multi-day hiking, and biking. More than 16 campsites are also located along the shores of 9 lakes. During summer, helicopter trips are made available, ideal for those who want to capture a “bird’s-eye-view” of its scenic spots. There are also fishing and hunting tours, plus underwater fishing activities. The park has also organized diving itineraries for diving enthusiasts.
Pripyatsky National Park
A true Belarus Wonder of Nature, the Pripyatsky National Park continually enchants tourists from across the globe. As Belarus’ additional scenic spot, this park lies within the Gomel region, 250 kilometers from Minsk. It is exactly situated between Ubort, Stviga, and Pripyat rivers. Since 1969, there had been a reserve on Pripyat River’s flood plains, and today, it covers over 85,000 hectares. The Pripyat River’s valley is a pristine nature that boasts unique swamps, rich natural resources, and inundated oak woods, which represent Polesie, a fascinating land incomparable within Europe and in other countries across the globe.
The European bison was introduced to the national park in 1987, although the park also cradles 51 species of mammals, 11 species of amphibians, 7 reptile species, 37 species of fish, and 246 species of birds. | <urn:uuid:16ce6428-7f56-4b22-9d0e-965db89b02c1> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://naturalwondersofeurope.com/natural-wonders-of-belarus/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.948419 | 1,111 | 3.109375 | 3 |
International Day of Clean Air for Blue Skies, marked on 7 September, takes place in a world where almost all the air we breathe is polluted, and some seven million people die from air pollution every year. Ahead of the Day, UN News spoke to two experts about the scale of the problem, and the solutions that already exist.
Next Wednesday the UN marks the third International Day of Clean Air for Blue Skies. However, the skies are far from clear of air pollution. Only a month ago, the World Health Organization (WHO) warned that practically all the air we breathe is polluted, and that it’s killing around seven million people every year.
Around 90 per cent of people go through their daily lives breathing harmful polluted air, which has been described by the United Nations as the most important health issue of our time. To mark the first International Day of Clean Air for blue skies, on 7 September, UN News explains how bad it is and what is being done to tackle it. | <urn:uuid:277cedda-be6f-4903-9937-cd105e71af95> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://news.un.org/en/tags/international-day-clean-air-blue-skies | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.953064 | 200 | 3.234375 | 3 |
Virginia Tech Science Festival ignites scientific interest in elementary students
Category: campus experience Video duration: Virginia Tech Science Festival ignites scientific interest in elementary students
Students from Indian Valley elementary in Floyd, Virginia participate in the Virginia Tech Science Festival. Experiments included creating homemade lava lamps, and magnetic slime. Orion Living-Learning Community hosted the event, which included campus tours. The Festival will continue through November, for all schools around the area.
Typically we do the Virginia Tech Science Festival, as a single day event. We can't do that right now safely with COVID. And so a better opportunity is to create a number of small field trips throughout the fall. Today we had Indian Valley Elementary School, which brought their fifth, sixth, seventh graders to campus to explore both campus itself and see what it's like to be on campus at Virginia Tech. And also, do you have a STEM activity. Something to explore science, and be scientists. Orion Living Learning Community, put this together for the students. We worked on two activities for our science outreach. One of them was about making lava lamps from Alka-Seltzer tablets, putting oil and water in a bottle and saying, you know, what things actually react with the water instead of the oil. And then the other thing we did is magnetic slime. And so making slime from glue and cornstarch and stuff and then adding iron sulfide, which is attracted to magnets. We know that students start deciding whether they're a person who goes to college well before high school. So bringing students to campus is a great way to help them see themselves as future Hokies and future college students and as future scientists. To big thing for us is we give our students, especially our freshmen, because we have a first-year experience course, a service learning opportunity. So do do some science outreach with kids to talk about science. And also talk about their experience. | <urn:uuid:7edcfc5f-4567-4f47-8b19-12ca4ce89a9f> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://news.vt.edu/videos/k/2021/10/1_jhj73qdk.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.959228 | 389 | 2.859375 | 3 |
Caragana – Peashrub –
There are about 80 species of deciduous, often spiny shrubs or small trees, in this genus. They occur on dry soils in exposed sites from Eastern Europe to Central and Eastern Asia. They are grown for their leaves, which are alternate, pinnate, and often clustered at the branch tips, and their pea-like flowers, which are usually yellow, but sometimes white or pink held singly or in small clusters borne in spring and summer. Flowers are followed in autumn by slender straw colored pods, 3/4-2 ½” long. Grow in a shrub border or as windbreaks.
Grow in well drained, moderately fertile soil in full sun. Will thrive even in neutral to slightly alkaline, dry soils in cold and exposed sites. Best where climates have cold winter and hot, dry summers. May become weedy.
C. arborescens ‘Lorbergii’ – Siberian Pea Tree – Siberian Pea Shrub – This erect, thorny shrub or small tree grows 10-20′ feet tall and 12′ feet wide. It produces pinnate, soft, fresh green leaves, 10-14″ long, composed of up of linear-lance, bristly tipped leaflets. Stems are covered with very fine hairs. From late spring to early summer it bears pale yellow flowers, to 1/2″ long, are carried singly or in small clusters. | <urn:uuid:58d437d3-abe8-43d2-a8a3-2464b569ca13> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://newyorkplantshq.com/product/caragana-arborescens-lorbergii-siberian-pea-tree-siberian-pea-shrub-peashrub/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.957702 | 302 | 3.265625 | 3 |
Battery testers, sometimes called voltage meters, are electronic testers used to test a wide variety of batteries to ensure the batteries are functioning correctly and, where rechargeable, check that they are retaining their charge effectively. Battery testers are easy to use and are designed to provide simple and easy-to-understand readouts for assurance of a battery's power. Our range includes leading brands such as ACT Meter, Ansmann, Beha-Amprobe, BK-Precision, Fluke, Hioki, Midtronics TecMate, and RS PRO. Learn more in our complete
Battery chemistry is the physical make up of a battery. Common battery chemistries include Alkaline, Lithium-Ion (Li-ion), Nickel-cadmium (NiCd), and Lead Acid. While there is a wide variety in available types of battery chemistry, these common kinds cover most household batteries, such as AA, AAA, C, D, and 9V. Car batteries are often lead-acid, so ensuring your tester is compatible is key to safe testing conditions.
Battery testers are used by many industry professionals to determine the condition of batteries and how much power they are holding, including: | <urn:uuid:7bf8a05b-c387-41fc-96ec-fdfaab6dda4a> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://no.rs-online.com/web/c/batteries-chargers/battery-charger-accessories/battery-testers/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.947816 | 246 | 2.6875 | 3 |
Peplau's Theory of Interpersonal Relations
Peplau published her Theory of Interpersonal Relations in 1952, and in 1968, interpersonal techniques became the crux of psychiatric nursing. The Theory of Interpersonal Relations is a middle-range descriptive classification theory. It was influenced by Henry Stack Sullivan, Percival Symonds, Abraham Maslow, and Neal Elger Miller.
The four components of the theory are: person, which is a developing organism that tries to reduce anxiety caused by needs; environment, which consists of existing forces outside of the person, and put in the context of culture; health, which is a word symbol that implies forward movement of personality and other other human processes toward creative, constructive, productive, personal, and community living.
The nursing model identifies four sequential phases in the interpersonal relationship: orientation, identification, exploitation, and resolution.
The orientation phase defines the problem. It starts when the nurse meets the patient, and the two are strangers. After defining the problem, the orientation phase identifies the type of service needed by the patient. The patient seeks assistance, tells the nurse what he or she needs, asks questions, and shares preconceptions and expectations based on past experiences. Essentially, the orientation phase is the nurse’s assessment of the patient’s health and situation.
The identification phase includes the selection of the appropriate assistance by a professional. In this phase, the patient begins to feel as if he or she belongs, and feels capable of dealing with the problem which decreases the feeling of helplessness and hopelessness. The identification phase is the development of a nursing care plan based on the patient’s situation and goals.
The exploitation phase uses professional assistance for problem-solving alternatives. The advantages of the professional services used are based on the needs and interests of the patients. In the exploitation phase, the patient feels like an integral part of the helping environment, and may make minor requests or use attention-getting techniques. When communicating with the patient, the nurse should use interview techniques to explore, understand, and adequately deal with the underlying problem. The nurse must also be aware of the various phases of communication since the patient’s independence is likely to fluctuate. The nurse should help the patient exploit all avenues of help as progress is made toward the final phase. This phase is the implementation of the nursing plan, taking actions toward meeting the goals set in the identification phase.
The final phase is the resolution phase. It is the termination of the professional relationship since the patient’s needs have been met through the collaboration of patient and nurse. They must sever their relationship and dissolve any ties between them. This can be difficult for both if psychological dependence still exists. The patient drifts away from the nurse and breaks the bond between them. A healthier emotional balance is achieved and both become mature individuals. This is the evaluation of the nursing process. The nurse and patient evaluate the situation based on the goals set and whether or not they were met.
The goal of psychodynamic nursing is to help understand one’s own behavior, help others identify felt difficulties, and apply principles of human relations to the problems that come up at all experience levels. Peplau explains that nursing is therapeutic because it is a healing art, assisting a patient who is sick or in need of health care. It is also an interpersonal process because of the interaction between two or more individuals who have a common goal. The nurse and patient work together so both become mature and knowledgeable in the care process.
The nurse has a variety of roles in Hildegard Peplau’s nursing theory. The six main roles are: stranger, teacher, resource person, counselor, surrogate, and leader.
As a stranger, the nurse receives the patient in the same way the patient meets a stranger in other life situations. The nurse should create an environment that builds trust. As a teacher, the nurse imparts knowledge in reference to the needs or interests of the patient. In this way, the nurse is also a resource person, providing specific information needed by the patient that helps the patient understand a problem or situation. The nurse’s role as a counselor helps the patient understand and integrate the meaning of current life situations, as well as provide guidance and encouragement in order to make changes. As a surrogate, the nurse helps the patient clarify the domains of dependence, interdependence, and independence, and acts as an advocate for the patient. As a leader, the nurse helps the patient take on maximum responsibility for meeting his or her treatment goals. Additional roles of a nurse include technical expert, consultant, tutor, socializing and safety agent, environment manager, mediator, administrator, record observer, and researcher.
Some limitations of Peplau’s theory include the lack of emphasis on health promotion and maintenance; that intra-family dynamics, personal space considerations, and community social service resources are less considered; it can’t be used on a patient who is unable to express a need; and some areas are not specific enough to generate a hypothesis. | <urn:uuid:0e6592c7-b3c1-4062-a2ee-addffe803056> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://nursing-theory.org/theories-and-models/peplau-theory-of-interpersonal-relations.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.942579 | 1,028 | 3.203125 | 3 |
Definition of ideals
The word ideals uses 6 letters: a, d, e, i, l, s
ideals is playable in:
Meanings of ideals
plural of ideal
Direct anagrams of ideals
Words with the same length and used letters. Useful for word puzzles.
Other words with the same letter pairs
Find words containing the letter combinations found in ideals. | <urn:uuid:c2c91450-42b8-4e82-83ca-653e8804d1d2> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://old.morewords.com/word/ideals | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.807596 | 81 | 2.859375 | 3 |
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Imagine yourself going to the optical store where you see many binoculars stocked in the shelves of the store. How will you choose one if you don’t know much about the specification of the binoculars? So, brought other binoculars having the specification of 8×21.
What does 8×21 binoculars mean? You will get all the answers to your questions about 8×21 binoculars. Our aim will be to give you an in-depth explanation so that you make an informed decision.
In 8×21 binoculars, there are two numbers that represent magnification power and objective lens size respectively. 8x is the magnification of these optics whereas 50 mm is the objective lens of these binoculars and they will be perfect for hiking and bird watching in daylight.
We have done complete research for writing this guide. So, stay connected with us so that you don’t miss any information and fall victim to making the wrong decision.
Related Article: What Does 12×50 Binoculars Mean?
Meanings of 8×21 Binoculars
In the specification of these binoculars, two numbers have been used which are separated by the alphabet X. The first number which is present on the left side of X has been used to indicate the magnification power. The number which is present on the right side of the X is representative of the size of the objective lens size.
So, these binoculars have a magnification power of 8x and an objective lens size of 21 mm which is good for many outdoor activities. These two factors control the performance of the binoculars. Bad magnification power or poor objective lens size can make your optics useless and vice versa.
How far can you see with 8×21 binoculars?
These binoculars are not very powerful and you won’t be able to see objects that are very far away. However, they are very good for giving you a decent viewing experience up to a short distance. They have 8x magnification which means that you will be able to see things 8 times bigger than their actual size.
If the object is 60 meters away from you then with these 8×21 binoculars, you will be able to see the object as if it is just 8 meters away from you. You can now estimate the distance that you can see by calculating the distance by yourself.
To be more precise, you should be able to see objects which are 800 meters away from you. Keep it mind that this limit or range can be affected by weather conditions and light conditions.
You might also like to read: How Far Can You See with 12×25 Binoculars?
Are 8×21 binoculars any good?
They have 8x magnification which is considered perfect for many outdoor activities like birding, hunting, and hiking. The reason behind the usability of this magnification range is image stability. When you choose magnification greater than 8x then you start seeing visuals with instability and shakiness.
So, when you will use these binoculars, you will observe that their visuals are exceptionally stable. The reason behind this stability is their optimal magnification power. Many outdoor enthusiasts use these binoculars for the following activities.
- Birds watching
- Hiking and trekking
- Watching events that are happening in daylight.
Drawbacks of 8×21 binoculars
I personally hate their low-light usability. They have smaller-sized objective lenses which make them an ordinary choice for low-light hunting and bird watching. The functionality of objective lenses is to capture light. When the size of the objective lens is smaller than the minimum light will be captured and you will see lesser brighter visuals.
They have a 21 mm objective lens which is not good for capturing better light when used in low-light conditions. So you won’t get an ideal vision in low-light conditions. However, they will give you excellent visuals when you use them in daylight conditions.
Takeaway: They are not good for low-light usability, but they will give excellent results when enough light is present in the surroundings.
Frequently Asked Questions
In 8×21, 8x is the magnification power which means that you will be able to see an eight times bigger image of the target object.
These binoculars have optimal magnification and can be used for hunting, bird watching, and hiking. However, their performance wasn’t good in low-light conditions.
I’m a passionate outdoor activist who has got special love for optics. The school studies in optical mechanics and the travelling experience has made me an expert in optics like binoculars, scopes, and other devices. Stay connected with us for in-depth knowledge! | <urn:uuid:5d16c59a-8045-4fcd-84a8-f046727d0130> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://opticswhiz.com/what-does-8x21-binoculars-mean/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.951326 | 995 | 3.109375 | 3 |
Chris Lowes, Head of Oxford United in the Community, discusses the barriers which prevent people from leading an active life – and what’s being done to remove them
Physical activity and exercise are the miracle cures proven to significantly reduce the risk of major illnesses, combat loneliness and boost our overall mental and physical wellbeing.
The Chief Medical Officer recommends adults partake in 150 minutes of moderate intensity physical activity every week to maintain a healthy and active lifestyle. Assuming the average person is awake for 16 hours each day, 150 minutes represents 0.2% of the total time we can be productive in a seven-day period.
With the above in mind, it would be easy to assume the overwhelming majority of people living in England comfortably meet the current guidelines concerning our physical activity levels. But you’d be wrong.
The very latest Sport England data states only 63.1% (29.1 million) of the population average 150 minutes or more exercise, and over one-quarter (25.8%) average fewer than half-an-hour each week. Closer to home in Oxfordshire, 49% of our county’s children are not doing enough activity to protect their health and wellbeing1 and one in three Year Six pupils are now overweight or obese2.
Data of this kind coupled with provision gaps in priority neighbourhoods locally prompted Active Oxfordshire to launch ‘Oxfordshire on the Move’ in February. The countywide movement has established a support network of 110 organisations with a view to harnessing the power of physical activity to tackle Oxfordshire’s wider social issues.
Since its launch, our team at Oxford United in the Community has been proud to support the campaign in achieving its four key objectives through our work on the ground and by attending various events and workshops.
Read this month’s full Community Column in the Oxford Mail by clicking here!
NewsletterSign up to the OUitC newsletter today to receive the latest news, events, information and offers directly to your inbox. | <urn:uuid:07526e59-57bc-4c77-8b28-f393c505c3f9> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://ouitc.org/latest-news/community-column-the-four-ambition-campaign-to-facilitate-an-active-lifestyle-for-everyone-living-in-oxfordshire/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.92953 | 408 | 2.625 | 3 |
Green Lipped Mussels From New Zealand
Green lipped mussels from New Zealand are well known for their rich nutritional values as they contain high amounts of vital amino acids, minerals, eicosapentaenoic acid, and omega-3 fatty acids, and all these nutrients have been shown to play important functions in the body. Asides from being eaten directly, their extracts can be used as supplements in oil or powder form in the diet (1).
Mussels are shellfish of different varieties and up to 17 of them are considered edible. The biggest variety of mussels in the world is green lipped mussels New Zealand because they are native to the country. The name “green-lipped” mussel was derived from their appearance because their edges are green in color and give off a lip-like appearance where the two sides of the shells meet.
This article will explain all the details you need on the health benefits of taking green lipped mussels, their nutrient composition, medical benefits in some diseases, quantity to consume, and side effects of taking green lipped mussels.
Composition Of Green Lipped Mussels From New Zealand
The discovery that indigenous Maori people in New Zealand (NZ) who were consuming green lipped mussels reported lower cases of arthritis than individuals who lived inland and this difference stimulated researchers’ interest in green lipped mussels’ possible health benefits in 1970s. It was eventually discovered that mussels are great sources of omega-3 fatty acids. They supply docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in great quantities. These have both been shown to reduce inflammation (1).
Researchers have also discovered many additional fatty acids in New Zealand green-lipped mussels. Mussels could also have anti-inflammatory potentials by blocking the proteins and enzymes that cause pain and inflammation. Apart from their anti-inflammatory effects, green lipped mussels are also an excellent source of selenium, iron, many B vitamins, and a decent source of zinc (1).
An evaluation of the nutritional advantages of green-lipped mussels finds that the shellfish are high in the following nutrients:
- – Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) which are examples of omega-3 fatty acids
- – Sulfated chondroitin
- – Zinc
- – Iron
- – Selenium
- – Protein (2).
Green Lipped Mussel Oil
Green lipped mussel oil is an important and commonly used supplement derived from green lipped mussels. These shellfish are farmed for the purpose of oil extraction and this task is completed by trained specialists using a biotechnological extraction method. These experts extract the mussel flesh from its shell without using heat to prevent heat from destroying them and losing its nutritious advantages.
The mussels are prepared in a way that their nutritional values stay fresh throughout the procedure thanks to a cutting-edge method of pasteurization. Mussel oil is extracted from the freeze-dry powder of New Zealand green-lipped mussel extract. The oil is extracted without using chemicals that may interfere with the quality of the end product. The end product is a highly pure marine lipid oil rich in minerals and vitamins (3).
Green Lipped Mussel Oil And Rheumatoid Arthritis
Up until recently, fish oil has been the popular source of omega-3. Now, small dosages of green lipped mussel oil have been shown to be consistently more effective than a dose of fish oil of the same amount, according to research. This is due to the fact that they are also a rich source of important fatty acids like eicosatetraenoic acid (ETA), which enhances gene-level wellness.
The extract of green-lipped mussel powder has been used as a nutritional supplement for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. In addition to being anti-inflammatory, EPA and DHA also help lessen the symptoms of illnesses like rheumatoid arthritis. A study also showed that each participant’s joint pain and inflammation decreased with a daily 1.2-ounce dose of green lipped mussel supplement. Similar to the Green Lipped Mussel, 1.2 ounces of fish oil taken each day for twelve weeks yielded no significant effect overall. The conclusion from this study is that green lipped mussel oil is more effective than fish oil in relieving inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis (13).
The Medical Benefits Of Green-Lipped Mussels From New Zealand
The following are the medical benefits of using green lipped mussels:
- – Arthritis
Arthritis is caused by persistent inflammation and is usually characterized by severe stiffness and swelling in your joints. Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis are the commonest two forms of arthritis conditions reported. The use green lipped mussel supplement has also been shown to lessen joint inflammation, hence relieving arthritis symptoms (4).
The green lipped mussel was found by researchers to have improved VAS pain scores in patients with osteoarthritis based on the result of a study conducted on 452 patients with hip and knee osteoarthritis (5).
- – Role in the Digestive system
Beyond the beneficial effect of green lipped mussels New Zealand in alleviating the symptoms of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, there is some evidence that the chemicals found in green-lipped mussels can enhance our digestive system health (1). Early research has indicated that maintaining a variety of “good” microorganism populations is essential for immunological function, as well as the prevention of obesity and metabolic illnesses.
To maintain a healthy and varied gut, we must consume both prebiotic and probiotic foods on a regular basis. Prebiotics are fiber-rich foods like garlic, onion, and bananas that “feed” the bacteria that are already present in our digestive system, whereas probiotics are dairy products like yogurt and pickled vegetables that introduce new strands to our digestive system (1).
Researchers have also out that green-lipped mussels might have an influence on our intestinal health. To begin, a 2017 study found that green-lipped mussels promote the development of “good” bacteria while suppressing intestinal inflammation thereby improving digestive system health. Many experts think that intestinal inflammation has a role in many chronic diseases like osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and asthma, thus diets rich in fiber foods such as fruits, whole grains, and vegetables which include prebiotic and probiotic foods are an excellent approach to staying healthy (1).
- – Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD)
The health importance of Green lipped mussels from New Zealand has also been observed in the area of children and adolescent mental health. Research conducted by scientists at the Swinburne university concluded that this mussel can improve the symptoms of children suffering from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, hyperactivity, and learning problems. Children given mussel extract capsules for 14 weeks showed better responses at home and recorded less hyperactivity than a placebo group, according to the research
- – Use in Asthma (Current research)
Asthma is a persistent inflammatory problem that affects the lungs and makes breathing hard. Green lipped mussels decreases inflammation in pulmonary system and that’s how they help people living with asthma. This has been the case in many scientific studies done by researchers. In one research. Participants with asthma were administered 400mg of mussel extract for three week. Other participants were placed on a control for the same period before switching to the opposite medication for another three weeks. Unlike the control, the green lipped mussel extract resulted into large decreases in pulmonary inflammation and symptoms of asthma (6).
Another showed that in about 46 patients diagnosed with asthma, the condition was signicantly increased by daily consumption of green-lipped mussel over a period of two months period. These results were observed without any side effects whatsoever, which further attests to green-lipped mussels being very safe for use.
It was also demonstrated that substances found within green-lipped mussels can drastically improve several respiratory function markers, decrease wheezing, and improve airflow. It is also believed that, these benefits are due to the enormous anti-inflammatory potential that green lipped mussels have (7).
- – Green lipped mussel improves fertility
Green lipped mussel oil could be of benefit to couples facing infertility issues. This benefit has been linked to omega-3 fatty acids which are an important nutritional component of shellfish. Omega-3 fatty acids have been shown over the years to be an important key player in fertility and reproductive health. The condition of the womb can also be improved by the anti-inflammatory properties and regulatory hormonal regulatory function responsible for ovulation. These factors put an individual in a good condition to conceive. (11)
- – Benefit to the brain
The brain is an important organ in humans and it needs to be in an optimal condition to enable us to live a good life. The use of supplements rich in omega-3 fatty acid such green lipped mussel oil help to improve cognitive functions (memory and learning). Fish oil has been recommended for this purpose long before now because of its omega-3 constituent, however, green lipped mussels from New Zealand can also provide a similar function thanks to its omega-3 fatty acids components. (13)
Green Lipped Mussels From New Zealand: Dosage
The suitable dose of green lipped mussels from New Zealand depends on various factors, including the consumer’s age, health, medical status and a number of other situations. Currently, there is not a lot of scientific information to ascertain an apt range of doses for green lipped mussel oil (12).
This is because there are limited clinical trial data available to inform therapeutic dosing. In arthritis and asthma trials, different dosages from commercial preparations have been reported, making dosing difficult to establish (11). Notwithstanding, green lipped mussel extracts have often been used by adults in doses of 200 – 400mg by mouth daily for up to three months (12). Green lipped mussels new Zealand powder has most commonly been used by adults in doses of 1050 – 1150mg by mouth daily for up to three months (12).
Green Lipped Mussels Side Effects
Green Lipped mussel oil is generally safe to use. Green lipped mussels from New Zealand have been used safely for up to a year. It is very well tolerated. Having said that, some people may experience side effects like slight abdominal pain, frequent farting, and nausea (10).
Safety And Concern
There is a persistent worry with regard to fish and seafood. Due to existing fears over pollutants such as heavy metals like mercury. Thankfully, many research studies that have analyzed the levels of contamination in green lipped mussels have discovered that they are very low, largely due to the clean waters in New Zealand coast(10).
Although they are safe for most people, it is not advisable for people on blood-thinning drugs to take green lipped mussels since they can potentially make the blood dangerously thin and the individual may bleed excessively to small cuts. Similarly, green lipped mussels use should not be used close to surgeries to prevent excessive bleeding (10).
Green lipped mussels should not be taken during pregnancy. There has been evidence to show that it can negatively affect the growth and development of the unborn child, and also delay childbirth (11).
There is not enough well-grounded information to know if green lipped mussel from New Zealand is safe to use while breastfeeding. It is best to stay safe and avoid using it while breastfeeding to prevent harm to the growing baby. Green lipped mussel is safe for children between six and fourteen years of age. Since green lipped mussels are a type of shellfish, they should not be consumed by those allergic to shellfish (6).
The following are important points to note about the green lipped mussels from New Zealand:
- – Green lipped mussels have been the subject of much research for almost 60 years due to their high nutritional content and health benefits.
- – Green lipped mussels are also taken as supplements in powder form or as green lipped mussel oil.
- – Green lipped mussels have also been proven to be beneficial to ADHD patients and as well as relieving asthma symptoms.
- – These shellfish have been well recognized over many decades for their potential to significantly reduce pain symptoms, promote mobility, and enable osteoarthritis patients to live quality lives.
- – Omega3 fatty acids, vitamins, and important mineral constituents are the core of green lipped mussel function
- – Green lipped mussels also work synergistically with NSAIDs and are capable of reducing the side effects of the drugs.
- – However, people who are on blood thinning drugs are not advised to take green lipped mussels. This also applies to individuals who are close to having a surgery. As there is an insufficiency of evidence on its safety for use in children and pregnant/breastfeeding women, it is also not advised for people in these categories.
- – Finally, with healthy lifestyle practices, and capitalizing on the rich profile of green lipped mussels is another wonderful and natural way of boosting one’s health.
- 1. https://www.simplysupplements.co.uk/healthylife/supplements/green-lipped-mussel-benefits
- 2. https://www.hakalife.com/sf-special-offer/
- 3. https://www.hakalife.com/education/green-lipped-mussel/how-green-lipped-mussel-oil-is-made-and-harvested/
- 4. https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/green-lipped-mussel#nutrient-content
- 5. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10787-021-00801-2
- 6. https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/green-lipped-mussel
- 7. https://wa.kaiserpermanente.org/kbase/topic.jhtml?docId=hn-2860000
- 8. https://www.drugs.com/npp/new-zealand-green-lipped-mussel.html
- 9. https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-830/new-zealand-green-lipped-mussel
- 10. https://www.peacehealth.org/medical-topics/id/hn-2860000
- 11. https://www.ccrmivf.com/blog/fertility-benefits-omega3-fatty-acids
- 12. https://www.rxlist.com/new_zealand_green-lipped_mussel/supplements.htm
- 13. https://bebrainfit.com/omega-3-fats-brain-benefits/ | <urn:uuid:a42e9428-eefb-4d95-9cdd-294be388a3ee> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://perfectsvasthya.com/green-lipped-mussels-from-new-zealand/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.936188 | 3,178 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Research findings in solar cells will have an impact on solar panel industry
University of Luxembourg's Laboratory for Photovoltaics has established a method to observe and prevent solar cell degradation before solar cell production is finished, which has implications for the solar cell manufacturing industry since chemical damage to solar cells can occur quickly.
Solar panels are capable of converting light energy from the sun into electrical energy because they contain solar cells – the "power generators" responsible for the energy in solar panels. Thin film solar cells have a coating that is responsible for absorbing the sun's energy, but this film can be degraded during the production process.
"A thin film solar cell is a stack of several layers. The main one is the layer that absorbs the light and transforms it into electricity. If these absorbers are not processed immediately they lose part of their ability to convert light energy," says researcher David Regesch of the Laboratory for Photovoltaics, Physics Research Unit at the University of Luxembourg.
Researchers measured the light that is released by a solar cell when a laser is shone on it, and found that the degradation happens within the first few minutes. They also found that the degradation is reversible and prevented by quickly placing another layer on the solar cell. This makes the solar cell stable.
In the photovoltaics industry, solar cells are processed as fast as possible for economic reasons, and now scientists have shown a physical reason why this process should be completed quickly. This study was recently published in Applied Physical Letters and chosen as a research highlight.
More information: Regesch, D. et al. Degradation and passivation of CuInSe2. Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 112108 (2012) . apl.aip.org/resource/1/applab/ … 12108_s1?bypassSSO=1
Journal information: Applied Physics Letters
Provided by University of Luxembourg | <urn:uuid:3ccae64a-dbca-4235-a2fa-22c804d40c32> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://phys.org/news/2012-10-solar-cells-impact-panel-industry.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.934014 | 392 | 3.53125 | 4 |
Post-consumer resins (PCR) are an environmentally friendly packaging option that many manufacturers are using to support recycling programs, consumer demand, and reduce their impact on landfills.
PCR plastics are materials recycled from existing PET bottles and other plastics. These materials are recycled into other packaging materials through community recycling programs. With an estimated 30 billion bottles of water sold each year in the United States, there is an urgent need to increase the use of PCR materials to make new products.
How is PCR used?
In some cases, plastic cannot be recycled into new bottles without first adding new raw materials, because the plastic may not be strong enough to make new containers. But there are newer, more creative ways to create new, clear looking plastic bottles that don’t use original materials.
Some bottle manufacturers are able to incorporate recycling PET and HDPE plastics, available through PCR form recycling programs. Plastic is cleaned and turned into pellets before being reprocessed into food-safe, FDA-approved plastic bottles.
Fragile plastics can also be recycled into other forms of plastic packaging and still protect the environment from harmful plastic waste.
What are the benefits of PCR?
PCR plastics are made from the plastic we already have and are both economical and environmentally friendly. By using something we already have a hard time getting rid of to protect the planet, manufacturers gain an affordable packaging option.
Recycling existing plastic consumes less energy from fossil fuels. Overall, the environment avoids excessive pollution and waste of resources, while manufacturers are still able to produce viable, durable new plastic bottles.
PCR is also an easily accessible material with many opportunities to improve community recycling programs while providing a steady supply of recycled products. | <urn:uuid:7f2e4d75-82d3-4d23-afac-f01aff0b7931> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://pkgcs.com/the-new-eco-friendly-packaging-pcr-plastic/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.931124 | 347 | 3.546875 | 4 |
In the 20th century, psychologists focused on standard measures of intelligence. They examined people’s ability to solve logical problems, identify patterns, and answer general knowledge questions. Some researchers of the time questioned this single focus on general intelligence or “IQ” as a measure of human intelligence. In their view, it seemed limited to certain types of thinking and did not capture other important aspects of human intelligence, such as creativity or verbal skills. In response to these criticisms, psychologist Howard Gardner presented his theory of multiple intelligences in 1983 with his book “Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences“. Gardner’s theory recognizes eight different types of intelligence rather than a single general measure. Let’s analyze his theory and explore the eight intelligences he identified.
What does Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences mean?
There are many different ways to be intelligent. We can all be good at some of them and less good at others. It is important to recognize that we all have different strengths and weaknesses, and that these are good as long as we can use them positively. Gardner’s theory says that there are eight different types of intelligence. They are verbal comprehension, linguistic ability, musical intelligence, visual-spatial intelligence, bodily-kinesthetic intelligence, mathematical ability, reasoning and problem solving, and environmental intelligence.
It is the ability to understand and use words. It includes reading, writing and speaking. A person with high verbal ability can understand and use language in many different situations. He can be persuasive when he needs to be and can express his ideas verbally in a clear and concise manner. Gardner believes that the verbal type of intelligence is less important in the modern world. However, most adults still have good verbal skills, it is the first type of intelligence we develop as children.
This is the ability to use language creatively. It includes the ability to make rhymes, puns, and invent new words. People who are strong in this area may enjoy writing poetry or making up new words, and can express their feelings creatively. Gardner believes that the linguistic type of intelligence is less important in the modern world. However, most adults still have good language skills; it is the first type of intelligence we develop as children.
It is our ability to understand and create musical patterns. People with high musical intelligence often enjoy singing or playing musical instruments. They are able to recognize different melodies and rhythms, and can often identify the composer of a piece of music just by listening to a few notes. Gardner believes that the type of musical intelligence is less important in the modern world, although he does believe it is important for everyone to have some musical understanding. Most adults have some musical ability, because it is one of the first types of intelligence that children develop.
This is the ability to see things in the mind’s eye. People with high visual-spatial intelligence can picture things clearly, and can often manipulate the images in their mind. Gardner believes that this type of intelligence is important for many adult occupations. For example, architects, engineers and computer scientists often need to see things in their mind’s eye before they are able to create them.
This is the ability to control the body and use it to solve problems. People with this type of intelligence are usually good at sports and can understand their own body as well as that of others. They can be good dancers and can be expressive with their body. Gardner believes that this type of intelligence is important for many adult occupations. For example, surgeons, nurses and physical therapists often need to use their bodies to solve problems.
This is the ability to work with numbers and recognize patterns. People with this type of intelligence usually like to solve problems and can recognize logical patterns in numbers and other mathematical patterns. They may like to play games, and can often see the best strategy. Gardner believes that the mathematical type of intelligence is less important in the modern world. However, most adults still have good math skills, because it is the first type of intelligence that children develop.
7-Reasoning and Problem Solving
This is the ability to apply logic to new situations. It is often used in science, engineering and law. People with this type of intelligence enjoyed solving problems and playing with ideas.
It is our ability to understand and interact with the natural world. It includes being aware of the weather and knowing how plants and animals develop and interact with each other and their environment. People with this type of intelligence tend to have varied interests and enjoy gardening, ecology and other outdoor activities. Gardner believes that the environmental type of intelligence is less important in the modern world. However, he believes it is important for everyone to have some understanding of the natural world. Most adults have some environmental intelligence, because it is one of the first types of intelligence that children develop.
The theory of multiple intelligences is a useful way to think about the different ways in which we are intelligent. It is important to recognize that everyone is different and that we all have different abilities. These need to be recognized and encouraged so that we can use our strengths to the best of our ability.
We at Plus Project are passionate about transforming the adult education landscape. As a premier training provider, we take pride in offering top-notch courses for teachers, aimed at sharpening their skills and expanding their knowledge. Our expert trainers use cutting-edge methods to deliver a dynamic and engaging learning experience, making us the ideal choice for teachers seeking professional growth and success. Join us on our mission to elevate the teaching profession, one course at a time. | <urn:uuid:c138b4f1-b4b8-4f6f-ba4a-e45bfe7b7705> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://plus-project.eu/types-of-intelligence-according-to-gardner/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.966671 | 1,136 | 3.4375 | 3 |
We are living in 21st Century in era where humans have everything Advanced weapons, Space technology & humans in the space too but we had forgot something which laid the foundation to all these that is a good quality education. For so many years, education was revolving around the classroom and blackboard,
but online education was a revolution in the world of teaching.
All the old ways have collapsed in front of it. And after all, it’s the responsibility of science to make the work of man easy. Due to this revolution in the education Sector, people living in remote areas will get the facility of quality education through online education. Many of the country with more remote areas had lowest rate of literacy & specially in India in many of the state in northeast & south have less than 10% of population with internet access. The difference in access – from electricity and internet services to gadgets like desktops and smartphone – is a big barrier to remote learning. Access to energy is critical for virtual learning, as it is required to electrical devices as well as internet access. Lack of internet and mobile devices has also resulted in a digital literacy disparity.
If we take this on world level, then many of the African countries with high population have lowest literacy rate even the lowest literacy rate in the world is in Sudan (Africa). In this situation online learning could be a game changer for the people living in remote areas across the country.
The approach toward the online learning can be initiated by governments of the country in the form of strong internet in every region of the country as well as lowest tax rate on digital product such as Smartphone, Desktop’s, etc. By this anyone living in the most esteemed area will have access to the content of most reputed Universities such as Harvard, MIT, Stanford, Oxford, etc.,
Online education not only provide you studies it could be helpful for those student also who want to study abroad, online education could save you all the expense of apartment and travelling. Imagine you can study in Harvard from your Couch or your favorite coffee shop it’s the most amazing thing to experience in your life. Online Learning is making this world flat, People from all around the globe are now interacting & connecting with each other. Multinational Companies these days are hiring smart and cunning people who can work remotely with same dedication without any Interruption and work loophole. Along with this Online study can improve your time management skills, many traditional students have to learn this skill while online students will come with experience in this, this will make them work flexible for the role that requires Multi-Tasking, Independent Work & Collab with peer’s who works remotely.
It’s not the mistake of government nor the people of th nation, but we all have to come together to make a space where everyone can study online with best resources. Education lays the foundation in nation Building, If the people of the country are not educated, then the country can never progress, it is necessary for every country that their people are educated so that their country continues to grow and flourish. | <urn:uuid:6b2cc4e5-f196-49d7-9d3c-cfe2b3346297> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://praadisedu.com/blog/21st-Century-Approach-online-education | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.961722 | 622 | 2.6875 | 3 |
Let’s be honest and confess that we live in a wasteful and destructive society. Whether you accept this fact or not, our waste directly impacts our environment and all living beings in it. It affects us, the animals, and our friends and families.
We researched and found some of the most horrifying examples displaying the brutal direct effects of pollution on wildlife and humans.
We decided to bring this matter to our attention since we are hoping that we can become aware and understand that this is an actual and recurrent problem that won’t solve by itself. We need to take urgent actions that would lead to a clean and waste-free planet. In the end, this is the only planet we’ve got.
Here’s one shocking fact. During the last ten years, people have produced ten times as much plastic as they have in the previous hundred years, and every year they discard enough plastic to circle the planet not once but four times! Enough is enough! Before we know it, we will be living in plastic!
This gloomy photograph was taken in the coal mines in India. How long do you think that dog will be able to survive in such a toxic environment?
If only we would cut up the plastic rings before we dispose of them in the garbage we could solve this problem. A small act like this could save so many lives.
This photo was taken in the Philippines, a nation considered to be the most polluted country in the world. If only all that garbage had been recycled, it would have made a significant difference.
Chances are low that you have seen a mask like this before, but it is nothing new for the people in Beijing. They use it when the air pollution levels are 20 times higher than what’s considered ‘safe.’
This poor albatross ingested so much garbage, which got trapped inside his body and led to his unavoidable death. Plastic makes up approximately 90% of the trash in the world’s oceans – oceans that contain about 5 trillion pieces of garbage in total. How horrendous are those statistics?
This brown pelican is supposed to fly freely over the Gulf of Mexico. Still, the innocent bird is experiencing sheer horror on the shore by being completely covered in oil from the BP-Deepwater Horizon spill. This act is heart-wrenching and unforgivable.
Who would have thought that even Mount Everest would require a cleanup crew to clean its peak because of the amount of waste left behind by passionate mountain climbers? This act is unimaginable; one would believe that climbers were supposed to love nature.
The oceans have become home to so much trash, trapping and killing innocent animals. Approximately one million seabirds and one million sea mammals are killed every year because of garbage present in the oceans.
If you thought this could be the latest trend in feathered fashion, you thought wrong. Nearly 500 billion plastic bags are used globally every year, which is about 1 million every hour! How much plastic is enough?
Why won’t you consider a reusable bag for your shopping next time when you visit your local grocery store? Knowing what a significant difference this small action can make in your environment will surprise you.
It takes courage to keep up with all the garbage people dispose of in the waterways, as the clean-up teams try to keep the waterways clean and waste-free.
What was going through our minds when we were expecting our Olympic athletes to swim in Rio’s waterways, knowing that even fish cannot swim in Brazil’s polluted waters? This disheartening photo speaks for the irresponsible and horrific activities of humans.
This image is the reality of many people living in third-world countries who are forced to wander through such an appalling site to find their family dinner. | <urn:uuid:25b0f1a3-7e85-4697-8509-b848cafe620e> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://providr.com/photos-of-environmental-pollution/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.971463 | 771 | 3.296875 | 3 |
Christmas and Easter are probably two of your busiest times of the year, but at many schools these festivals won’t be celebrated by all pupils, so why not hold a fundraiser based around a different festival? While pupils may learn about other cultures in class, dedicating a PTA fundraiser to a cultural event means pupils can experience it in a hands-on way that the school may not otherwise be able to accommodate, and whole families can come together to learn and celebrate.
We’ve gathered together some examples of events that are commemorated around the world and how these can be translated into a school fundraising setting, but there is so much more to explore beyond this. Do you know which cultures are represented at your school? Invite parents and pupils to come forward to guide the PTA in leading an event that celebrates diversity and creates a more inclusive school community.
Remember: approaching a cultural event you’d like to develop as a fundraiser should always be done sensitively and respectfully. It’s an opportunity to teach children and the school community about what happens in other cultures. Make sure the event is a learning experience and doesn’t accidentally cause offence. Class teachers can help, as can any members of your school community who represent your chosen culture.
The five-day ‘festival of lights’ is the biggest festival in India and is celebrated by over one billion Hindus, Sikhs and Jains. Although each religion celebrates different events and legends, the overriding themes are the same – the triumph of good over evil, light over darkness and knowledge over ignorance. The festival takes place in October or November, depending on the cycle of the moon, and each day is dedicated to a different celebration, with the main celebrations traditionally held on the third day.
Event idea: Diwali fair
Incorporating Diwali into an event is a fantastic opportunity to celebrate Indian culture. Decorate your venue with bright colours and encourage guests to wear colourful, Indian-inspired outfits. Have performances of traditional dance and music. Diwali is the most popular time of year for shopping in India, so get pupils together beforehand to make handicrafts to be sold at the event. These can include diyas, which are small clay lamps used as décor during Diwali. Invite external craftspeople and speakers who can teach attendees about Diwali, including how the different Hindu Gods link to the celebrations, how to put on a sari and about traditional pastimes such as henna design and yoga. For refreshments, desserts are popular during Diwali and include deep-fried dumplings, rice pudding and fudge-like sweets. Create a craft table where children can create a rangoli – a decorative pattern traditionally made with colourful rice flour. For a more permanent souvenir, invite them to make patterns with crayons on paper or using Hama beads. If you want to end the evening with a bang, Diwali is usually commemorated with firework displays.
‘Chinese New Year’
Chinese New Year, or ‘The Spring Festival’, celebrates the beginning of the Lunar New Year, meaning it can fall any time between 21 January and 20 February. Each year is named after one of the 12 Chinese zodiac animals – rat, ox, tiger, rabbit, dragon, snake, horse, goat, monkey, rooster, dog and pig.
Event idea: Lantern parade
The celebrations culminate in a lantern parade, which can be the basis of your event. The lanterns, plus celebratory clothing and other decorations, are usually red, representing good luck. Pupils can make lanterns in class, as well as other crafts inspired by the zodiac animals. You could also incorporate dragon dancers, who perform while holding poles that support a long model dragon, or a lion dance, performed by two people inside an elaborate costume. Add music with a performance of Chinese drumming. Alongside the parade, have craft stalls where children can decorate lanterns, drums and paper cut-outs.
Foods eaten to celebrate the Chinese New Year include spring rolls, noodle soup, dumplings, rice-based desserts and mandarins. Each type of food represents something positive – for example, wealth, prosperity and happiness.
Chinese lanterns often have riddles written on them for children to solve, so write riddles on the lights around your event and give children sheets to fill in with the answers. When they return them, reward participants with a red envelope – traditionally, these are filled with money, but sweets will be more economical.
Hanukkah is the Jewish festival of lights. The date changes each year, but it always falls during November or December. ‘Hanukkah’ means ‘rededication’ and celebrates a miracle that occurred during the rededication of the Holy Temple in Jerusalem. The festival lasts for eight days and involves lighting candles and lamps in honour of the miracle of the oil in the temple.
Event idea: Dreidel evening
A popular pastime during Hanukkah is playing with a dreidel, which is a cross between a spinning top and a dice. The game begins with each player having an equal number of an item, such as tokens or sweets. Each player begins by placing one of these into the middle. They then take it in turns to spin the dreidel, and the symbol it lands on dictates what happens next. ‘Gimel’ means the spinner gets all of the items in the middle, ‘nun’ means they get nothing, ‘he’ means they get half, and ‘shin’ means they must put another item into the middle.
Invite attendees to mix and play together, in the style of a beetle drive. Charge a set price to attend, and give all attendees an equal number of playing pieces when they arrive. Award prizes based on how many tokens they have left at the end of the event. Fried food is often eaten at Hanukkah – offer latkes (a type of potato fritter) or doughnuts.
Otherwise known as the ‘Festival of Colours’, Holi is a two-day Hindu festival that celebrates the end of winter and beginning of spring. The first day is marked by gathering around the bonfire to symbolise the legend of Holika and Prahlad and the triumph of good over evil, but it’s the second day you might be more familiar with. This is when crowds come together to throw perfumed powder known as gulal, representing the love between the Hindu Gods Radha and Krishna. Each colour represents something different – red is love, blue is Krishna, yellow is turmeric and green is spring, although other meanings are sometimes applied.
Event idea: Colour run
A colour run is a great basis for a Holi event and can be enhanced with other popular elements of the festival. Position volunteers along the course to throw coloured powder, and invite children to squirt runners with water pistols to help the powder stick. Invite along a troupe of Dohl drummers and Indian dancers and gather everyone together afterwards with packets of powder to sing and dance in a spectacle of colour (make sure there’s a photographer!). Afterwards, serve traditional refreshments such as sweet dumplings and lassi, which will be a welcome reward for your runners. | <urn:uuid:b0d40afe-cd6d-4ac4-9d79-847bccbdb7a1> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://pta.co.uk/events/ideas/celebrating-different-cultures/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.951551 | 1,525 | 3.15625 | 3 |
Revised April 2, 2016; February 6, 2020; August 4, 2023
Wrong Views About the World
1. Diṭṭhi means dogmatic belief in something(s) in the sense that “this alone is true, and everything else is false regardless of the facts.” Even though micchā diṭṭhi (pronounced michchā diṭṭhi) is the correct term (“diṭṭhi” means “views” and “micchā” is “wrong”), in Pāli literature, “diṭṭhi” is used frequently instead of “micchā diṭṭhi“; the immoral cetasika is diṭṭhi.
- In the Buddha’s time, 62 such dogmatic views were the topics of frequent discussions. They are in the Brahmajala Sutta.
- The diṭṭhāsava (āsava for the 62 wrong views) is eliminated by diṭṭhi vissuddhi, i.e., cleansing of the wrong views at the Sōtapanna stage.
2. Some of these dogmatic views that the Buddha had to deal with frequently were the following. There is a self, there is no self, reincarnation, no reincarnation, things exist, things do not exist, there are no laws of kamma, there are laws of kamma, AND they are deterministic.
- The Buddha refuted those all. Unfortunately, some of those wrong views are back in most versions of “Buddhism” today, most notably the “no-self” (anātma) concept.
- We have discussed some (the first four items were presented in several posts, for example, “What Reincarnates? – Concept of a Lifestream” and “Anicca, Dukkha, Anatta“), and we will discuss others in detail in the future.
Having Wrong Views Is an Akusala Kamma
3. Diṭṭhi (or micchā diṭṭhi) is also one of the ten immoral actions or dasa akusala. Micchā diṭṭhi arises in the mind, i.e., it is an akusala done by the mind. It also leads to corrupt speech and deeds. See, “Ten Immoral Actions (Dasa Akusala).”
- You can see that such thoughts arise due to dogmatic beliefs, i.e., when one is not willing even to consider the possibility that one could be wrong and to examine the evidence critically. For example, some people refuse even to examine the existing evidence for rebirth with an open mind, which is diṭṭhi.
- And one needs to know the “big picture of the 31 realms”, concepts of kamma, anicca, dukkha, anatta, etc., to make a decision on rebirth; it is not enough to look at the accounts or evidence for rebirth as presented in, “Evidence for Rebirth.”
Three Levels of Micchā Diṭṭhi
4. There are three layers in which micchā diṭṭhi is established and accumulates bad kamma:
- Suppose one kills one’s parents with the diṭṭhi that a parent is not a unique person and that such kamma does not have consequences. That is the coarse level. It can be compared to a fire that burns down a house.
- The second level is when one vehemently defends such a wrong view in a debate and does not even consider the facts presented by the other side. One may genuinely believe in that position, BUT that is because one is not aware of the “bigger picture” on existence. The problem is that “not knowing the facts” is not an excuse. One could jump off of a building, not knowing how gravity operates but will suffer injury/death. This middle level is analogous to a fire that ignites when a match stick strikes a hard surface.
- The third level is the anusaya level, where these views lay dormant as āsavā (diṭṭhi āsava). This subtler level is analogous to a box of matches that has the potential to start a fire.
Two Levels of Sammā Diṭṭhi
5. Someone is said to have micchā diṭṭhi when one has wrong views at any of the three levels in #4 above. On the other hand, Sammā Diṭṭhi can be two kinds:
- One knows that bad kamma (actions) have adverse consequences and can lead to bad rebirths. One wants to live a moral life and strive for a “good rebirth.” That is “mundane or conventional Sammā Diṭṭhi.” Thus these are still defiled views (have “kilesa” in them) since they lead to extending samsāra, and one has not yet eliminated the possibility of future rebirth in the apāyā (four lower realms).
- But when one comprehends to “true nature of this world,” one realizes that there can be no lasting happiness anywhere in the 31 realms of existence. This Sammā Diṭṭhi is realized when one truly comprehends anicca; see, “Why is Correct Interpretation of Anicca, Dukkha, Anatta” is so Important?“.
- That is the “transcendental or lokuttara Sammā Diṭṭhi” that leads to Nibbāna; it is free of defilements or “kilesa” or (“keles” in Sinhala). This view becomes complete at the Arahant stage. Kilesa are discussed in “What Are Kilesa (Mental Impurities)? – Connection to Cetasika“.
Mundane or Conventional Sammā Diṭṭhi
6. Thus, conventional Sammā Diṭṭhi means the view to “do good things.” One understands kamma and knows the consequences of evil deeds; see “Buddha Dhamma – In a Chart.”
- As we discussed in “Foundation of Dhamma,” “doing good things” is better. Still, most of those things are done with the wrong intention of achieving something in return (good rebirth, winning a lottery, passing an examination, etc. ). This kind of Sammā Diṭṭhi will perpetuate the samsāric journey but is a required first stage to comprehend anicca.
- The danger in stopping at the conventional samma diṭṭhi is that we do not know what one will do in a future life (say, another human birth.) One could be born under circumstances where one is not exposed to Buddha Dhamma, may associate with wrong people, and may commit kamma that will lead to rebirth in the apāyā (lowest four realms. The other danger is that we do not know what kind of kamma we have done in previous lives, and we may already have some bad kamma seeds that could lead to a birth in the apāyā.
Transcendental or Lokuttara Sammā Diṭṭhi
7. By lokuttara Sammā Diṭṭhi is meant the understanding of the true nature of “this world” of 31 realms and the round of rebirths.
- For example, “there is a self” and “there is no self” are both incorrect, and things (both animate and inanimate) exist if the conditions for their existence are present (Paṭicca Samuppāda).
- Even though one partially comprehends Sammā Diṭṭhi at the Sōtapanna stage, the understanding becomes complete only at the Arahant stage.
8. If one cultivates the “lokuttara” Sammā Diṭṭhi and becomes a Sōtapanna, then one will be free from rebirths in the apāyā.
- The four greed-based immoral thoughts that arise due to wrong views (“diṭṭhi sahagata lōbha citta“) do not arise In a Sōtapanna, do not occur. See, “Akusala Citta – How a Sōtapanna Avoids Apayagami Citta.” | <urn:uuid:0ec40216-fbc4-4339-9a50-a314c264bd73> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://puredhamma.net/three-levels-of-practice/moral-living-and-fundamentals/dhamma-concepts/ditthi-wrong-views-samma-ditthi-correct-views/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.936741 | 1,884 | 2.890625 | 3 |
Cleaning mechanism of toilet cleaner.
Caustic soda reacts with fat and oil and form glycerin and soap.
Produced soap and liquid soap used in the preparation of toilet cleaner are the main cleaning agent. Soap molecule has two parts polar and non-polar. Polar carboxylate part are hydrophilic and soluble in water. Non-polar lipophobic parts are soluble in oil & fat.
CH3 — (CH2)16 — COO– Na+
non-polar part polar part
The long chain hydrocarbon parts soluble in the layer of oil and fats on tiles or floor and carboxylate ion are soluble in water. The hydrocarbon parts of soap penetrate into the oil or fat particles. That is why when the toilet is brushed with toilet cleaner the fats or oil become soluble and water remove these. Then the toilet becomes clean, bright and smooth. | <urn:uuid:b6e36580-616e-4935-9c66-399730963dfe> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://qsstudy.com/explain-cleaning-mechanism-toilet-cleaner/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.910916 | 186 | 2.703125 | 3 |
The following are excerpts from my article just published in psychotherapy.net, an online journal for psychotherapists, on ways to help gifted children and their parents navigate the school system. For the full article click here.
Jimmy is seven. He started reading on his own when he was 4 and is now devouring the Harry Potter books. He asks his parents questions about death they cannot answer. He knows the states and their capitals and the differences between dinosaurs. He loves numbers. In second grade they are teaching addition and subtraction and he is already multiplying and dividing. Jimmy loves learning but is disappointed in schooling. He was so excited to start school but now he comes home angry and defeated. Jimmy is longing for friends but the other boys are not interested in his love of words. He is very sensitive, empathetic, emotional, and lonely. He is showing signs of anxiety and having meltdowns after school.
Jimmy is gifted. His teachers do not know what to do with him. His concerned parents are anxious and do not know where to turn.
They come to you. What do you tell them?
The Case of Jimmy–Background
There is so much pressure on teachers these days and so many needy children in the schools. So, how can we both understand the stresses teachers experience while also finding ways to provide an appropriate education for our gifted students? As you can imagine, these kids are often sitting in their classes being taught material they already know. In many cases, this is true day after day and year after year. The expectation is often, these children will be fine on their own because they are “so smart,” but inappropriate schooling experiences can have long-lasting serious consequences.
Jimmy’s mother, Joan, contacted me because her son had been identified as gifted in first grade and she was noticing some issues with increasing anxiety, emotional regulation, self-esteem, and difficulty making friends. She was wanting to find solutions and also learn how to approach his teacher because Jimmy would come home from school agitated and complaining of boredom and loneliness. His frustrations would often be expressed in emotional outbursts at home.
Jimmy was already reading in first grade and, in second grade, enjoyed chapter books. His math abilities were also quite advanced. They were teaching addition and subtraction while he was excited by division and fractions. Like many educators, his teacher was not trained in differentiating instruction for gifted children and so Jimmy was made to complete the same assignments as his classmates. In the beginning, he was compliant and completed the required work but the tension he felt in school would explode at home.
Jimmy also had trouble finding friends who had similar interests. No one else in his class was reading the books he loved or had the interests in astronomy, mathematics, and so much more. Luckily, he did have some athletic ability so he was able to find other boys to play with at recess and he could experience the joys of teamwork on an after school soccer team. But his anxiety and emotions were getting harder to handle and his sense of being inadequate and an outcast were growing.
What Can His Parents Do?
~ Look for the teachers who are more sensitive, flexible, and creative. Ideally, they have some training in gifted education. But even if they don’t, some will teach in ways that work better for these kids. Some will like this type of child more. Methods that work better? Project-based learning. Independent reading programs. Interdisciplinary approaches. Open-ended assignments. Acceleration. Flexible deadlines. An enthusiastic teacher can make an enormous difference. Parents need to get involved at the school and find those educators. Tell administrators it will cost them nothing to put your child in that classroom.
~ Other appropriate cost-free ways to meet their needs: Cluster grouping–Putting all of the gifted children together with the more sensitive, creative teacher so the kids can work with each other. It makes planning easier for teachers and serves the social-emotional needs of the children. Curriculum compacting–Eliminating assignments that the child already knows and replacing the tasks with work that is challenging and appropriate for the child’s level and rate of learning. This should be obvious but usually isn’t.
~ Use active listening to validate his feelings. Reflect what you hear so he feels understood. This will reduce the intensity of a meltdown. Once he is calm, problem solve with him. Brainstorm solutions together. His frustration in school is real. It makes sense he will feel angry some of the time. Let him know you are working on solutions. Thank him for his patience. It will help if you explain what it means to be gifted so he does not misinterpret his frustrations in school and his trouble relating to the other kids. This will not make him arrogant; it will help him feel more comfortable in his own skin.
~ Parents need to take time for themselves and their relationship. Of course, this is good advice for all parents. The difference is, most parents do not need to intervene in their children’s schooling, year after year. The assumption is that these children will be fine on their own and do not need special attention so parents are often having to convince school personnel and others that their kids also need support, guidance, and an appropriate education.
Parenting gifted children brings a particular set of challenges that are often misunderstood or overlooked by educators, therapists, and the general public. If therapists understand the complexities that come with giftedness and provide guidance for these parents and families, it can make a big difference, not only for your clients, but, really, for us all. The complete article has a list of resources. One additional resource is: The Gifted Parenting Journey by Gail Post.
To my bloggEEs: There is more in the full article here. Let us know your experiences as parents and also as gifted children in the schools. And thank you, as always, for being here. Much love to you. And, just a friendly reminder, my books make great holiday gifts for yourself, your teachers, and your therapists! | <urn:uuid:73eeddbb-2070-462e-bf37-71dc2eb28545> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://rainforestmind.com/2022/12/22/therapists-working-with-parents-of-gifted-children-and-schools/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.985593 | 1,245 | 2.59375 | 3 |
It’s no secret that we love naturalized landscapes here at Raymar — they’re eco-friendly, support native plant species, and invite the three “b’s” into your garden (birds, bees and butterflies).
But you can attract these pollinators into your garden regardless of the type of landscape design style you prefer — it can be as simple as knowing which plants to choose.
When you plant trees and shrubs in your yard, you’re giving birds a place to nest, shelter from weather and predators and a variety of insects to munch on — but if you want to make them really happy, plant some that bear fruit, seeds or nuts! Here are just a few:
- Chokecherry: The chokecherry can be grown as a small shrub or trained to be a small tree. They have long clusters of white flowers with yellow centres that turn into small berries once pollinated by bees and butterflies. They are toxic… so don’t plant them if you have pets that like to nibble on foliage.
- Mock orange: The fragrant blossoms of the mock orange attract all sorts of pollinators, including hummingbirds! And once the flowers are spent, birds like thrushes, chickadees and finches dine on the seeds.
- Flowering dogwood: Although these plants can self-pollinate, they still attract their fair share of pollinators. It’s an extremely ornamental bush, with beautiful flowers in the spring and berries in the fall, and is a favourite of robins, thrushes, cardinals and bluebirds.
To provide shelter for birds, include hedgerows and thickets (densely planted trees and shrubs) in your landscape design. Layer your plantings to provide “vertical diversity” (vines climbing up trees, shrubs in front of trees and flowers in front of shrubs).
You can also install birdhouses, birdfeeders (cautionary tale: don’t put a birdfeeder over your perennial garden!) and birdbaths.
Planting flowers is one of the best (and most beautiful!) ways to help support the bee population — and when you choose native wildflowers, your garden will also be beautiful and easy to maintain. Planting native species also reduces (or eliminates) the need for harmful pesticides.
Here are a few of our favourites:
- Rudbeckia: Rudbeckia (black-eyed Susans) are cheerful plants that brighten up the garden. Bees enjoy the nectar and birds feast on the ripe seeds. Be careful where you plant them, though. They have a tendency to take over if there’s not enough competition from other species.
- Woodland sunflower: These yellow beauties bloom from early summer to fall and look beautiful in naturalized settings and shaded borders. Bees and butterflies are attracted to them, and birds like to eat the seeds directly from the seedheads.
- Coneflower: These hardy, easy-to-grow plants bloom from late spring to late summer (and sometimes even to frost!), providing bees and other pollinators with a steady and reliable source of food all season long.
It’s best if you plant a wide variety of flowering plants that bloom throughout the growing season. Plant in large clumps — large displays look beautiful in perennial gardens and make the flowers easier for pollinators to see.
Butterflies need host plants where female butterflies lay their eggs and flowering plants for nourishment. They are attracted to plants that have clusters of tiny flowers, including herbs like sage and thyme.
Here are some plants that are perfect if you want to attract butterflies to your yard.
- Swamp milkweed: Yes, milkweed. This is the only plant where the monarch butterfly will lay her eggs because it provides the perfect food for the emerging caterpillars. Other larval “host” plants include asters and birch.
- Wild columbine: These hardy plants look like hanging lanterns and provide nectar in early spring to hummingbirds, butterflies and bees. It looks great tucked among rock gardens and backyard ponds.
- Evening primrose: This upright biennial (biennials have a two-year growth cycle) has lemon-yellow flowers that open at night — with most pollination being done by nocturnal pollinators such as moths.
Designing an eco-friendly landscape that attracts wildlife is extremely rewarding — you help preserve our native species (plants as well as pollinators) while experiencing nature first-hand.
At Raymar Landscapes, we specialize in creating eco-friendly, naturalized landscapes that attract all sorts of wildlife, including birds, bees and butterflies. By providing them with the habitat they need, we protect these pollinators — and we get the benefit of watching them flit happily about our yards.
If you’d like some help designing your landscape to provide a habitat for wildlife, give us a call or fill out this form to get started. | <urn:uuid:dc0c01aa-d6e9-40f6-bd11-f41580c30cc1> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://raymarlandscapes.com/blog/how-to-attract-birds-bees-and-butterflies-to-your-garden | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.938482 | 1,048 | 2.921875 | 3 |
Background. Except the plantar pressure and gross joint motion, we know little about the mechanical state of a foot during walking. This study aimed at investigating the effect of wearing socks with different frictional properties on plantar shear, which is a possible mechanical risk factor of foot lesion development. Method. A 3-D finite element model for simulating the foot-sock-insole contact was developed to investigate the biomechanical effects of wearing socks with different combinations of frictional properties on the plantar foot contact. The dynamic plantar pressure and shear stress during the stance phases of gait were studied through finite element computations. Three cases were simulated, a barefoot with a high frictional coefficient against the insole (0.54) and two socks, one with a high frictional coefficient against the skin (0.54) and a low frictional coefficient against the insole (0.04) and another with an opposite frictional properties assignment. Findings. Wearing sock of low friction against the insole to allow more relative sliding between the plantar foot and footwear was found to reduce the shear force significantly: at the rearfoot from 3.1 to 0.88 N, and at the forefoot from 10.61 to 1.61 N. The shear force can be further reduced to 0.43 N at the rearfoot, and 1.18 N at the forefoot, when wearing the sock with low friction against the foot skin and high friction set against the insole. Interpretation. Wearing sock with low friction against the foot skin was found to be more effective in reducing plantar shear force on the skin than the sock with low friction against the insole. The risk of barefoot walking in developing plantar shear related blisters and ulcers might be reduced by socks wearing especially those with low friction against the foot skin.
- Finite element model
- Plantar pressure
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Orthopedics and Sports Medicine | <urn:uuid:50b6abec-d654-4317-ba25-dca73ff7c4b1> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://research.polyu.edu.hk/en/publications/effect-of-sock-on-biomechanical-responses-of-foot-during-walking | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.94386 | 409 | 2.625 | 3 |
The Keck Laboratory for Topological Materials uses interdisciplinary research to investigate the existence of what are known as topological phonons in microtubules (MTs), a naturally occurring biological material. Our theoretical evidence suggests that topological phonons are integral to the function of MTs – a cytoskeletal component in all eukaryotic cells that is essential for many fundamental cellular processes, including cell division and movement. Inspired by the mechanical properties of the microtubules, we work on laying the theoretical and experimental foundation for a new class of engineered materials that exhibit the unique vibrational and thermal properties of topological phonon edge-modes. Such materials may find application in sound deadening and amplification and the management of heat flow.
Explore the research areas in which this equipment has been used. These labels are generated based on the related outputs. Together they form a unique fingerprint. | <urn:uuid:e1522b80-111d-495f-94b2-0eeeac05febd> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://researchwith.njit.edu/en/equipments/keck-laboratory-for-topological-materials | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.900821 | 179 | 2.515625 | 3 |
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The Story of Chanukah:
Judea was part of the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt until 200 BCE when King Antiochus III the Great of Syria defeated King Ptolemy V Epiphanes of Egypt at the Battle of Panion. Judea became at that moment part of the Seleucid Empire of Syria. King Antiochus III the Great wanting to conciliate his new Jewish subjects guaranteed their right to “live according to their ancestral customs” and to continue to practice their religion in the Temple of Jerusalem. However in 175 BCE, Antiochus IV Epiphanes, the son of Antiochus III invaded Judea, ostensibly at the request of the sons of Tobias. The Tobiads, who led the Hellenizing Jewish faction in Jerusalem, were expelled to Syria around 170 BCE when the high priest Onias and his pro-Egyptian faction wrested control from them. The exiled Tobiads lobbied Antiochus IV Epiphanes to recapture Jerusalem. As the ancient Jewish historian Flavius Josephus tells us “The king being thereto disposed beforehand, complied with them, and came upon the Jews with a great army, and took their city by force, and slew a great multitude of those that favored Ptolemy, and sent out his soldiers to plunder them without mercy. He also spoiled the temple, and put a stop to the constant practice of offering a daily sacrifice of expiation for three years and six months.” When the Second Temple in Jerusalem was looted and the services stopped, Judaism was effectively outlawed. In 167 BCE Antiochus ordered an altar to Zeus erected in the Temple. He banned circumcision and ordered pigs to be sacrificed at the altar of the temple.
Antiochus’s actions proved to be a major miscalculation as they were massively disobeyed and provoked a large-scale revolt. Mattathias, a Jewish priest, and his five sons Jochanan, Simeon, Eleazar, Jonathan, and Judah led a rebellion against Antiochus. Judah became known as Yehuda HaMakabi (“Judah the Hammer”). By 166 BCE Mattathias had died, and Judah took his place as leader. By 165 BCE the Jewish revolt against the Seleucid monarchy was successful. The Temple was liberated and rededicated. The festival of Hanukkah was instituted by Judah Maccabee and his brothers to celebrate this event. After recovering Jerusalem and the Temple, Judah ordered the Temple to be cleansed, a new altar to be built in place of the polluted one and new holy vessels to be made. According to the Talmud, olive oil was needed for the menorah in the Temple, which was required to burn throughout the night every night. But there was only enough oil to burn for one day, yet miraculously, it burned for eight days, the time needed to prepare a fresh supply of oil for the menorah. An eight day festival was declared by the Jewish sages to commemorate this miracle.
Chanukah is Hebrew for dedication or rededication. This name was given for the festival because of the eight days it took to rededicate the altar and temple and make it holy and sanctified once again. In Exod. 29:37 / 2 Chron. 7:9 it states that it takes seven days for the altar to be consecrated and then it can be in use on the eighth day.
Yeshua Kept Chanukah: John 10:22-23 “And it was at Jerusalem the feast of the dedication, and it was winter. And Yeshua walked in the temple in Solomon’s porch.”
Yeshua taught from the themes of Chanukah:
It was a tradition that the Chanukiahs would be lit and put in windows facing the streets and in doorways opposite the Mezuzahs so that the miracle of Chanukah would be broadcasted throughout all of the land wherever they were in the world. This light was not to be hidden. Listen to what Yeshua teaches about this:
Luke 11:33 “No man, when he hath lighted a candle, putteth [it] in a secret place, neither under a bushel, but on a candlestick, that they which come in may see the light.”
Matt. 5:14-16 “Ye are the light of the world. A city that is set on an hill cannot be hid. Neither do men light a candle, and put it under a bushel, but on a candlestick; and it giveth light unto all that are in the house. Let your light so shine before men, that they may see your good works, and glorify your Father which is in heaven.”
Yeshua is the light of the world… John 8:12 “Then spake Jesus again unto them, saying, I am the light of the world: he that followeth me shall not walk in darkness, but shall have the light of life.” I thought Yeshua spoke in Matt. 5:14 that the disciples of Yeshua were the “light of the world?” John 9:5 “As long as I am in the world, I am the light of the world.”
Torah is light? Does scripture tell us that the Law or Torah is light in the darkness?
Pro 6:23 KJV – For the commandment [is] a lamp; and the law [is] light; and reproofs of instruction [are] the way of life:
Isa 8:20 KJV – To the law and to the testimony: if they speak not according to this word, [it is] because [there is] no light in them.
Isa 51:4 KJV – Hearken unto me, my people; and give ear unto me, O my nation: for a law shall proceed from me, and I will make my judgment to rest for a light of the people.
Chanukah is a time of letting your light shine. It is also a time of rededication and a time to reprioritize your life to share the gospel and bring the light of Torah to the nations.
1 Corinth. 6:19 “What? know ye not that your body is the temple of the Holy Ghost [which is] in you, which ye have of God, and ye are not your own?”
We are not to be hidden or ashamed of the truth that is in us but just as the Chanukiah is lit and put in plain view for all to see, so are our lives supposed to be lived out for all to see. Maybe your light has been obscured by life’s challenges or perhaps unbelief has put a blanket over your light? Now is the time to Chanukah or rededicate your life to Messiah. 2 Cor. 4:4 “…the god of this world hath blinded the minds of them which believe not, lest the light of the glorious gospel of Messiah, who is the image of God, should shine unto them.”
Don’t let HaSatan (the god of this age) put out the light that is in you. It’s time to let Yeshua who is the image of God to shine in you and draw others out of darkness. He was the light of the world when He was on the earth and now we are the light of the world because He is in us. This is why we need to have an answer for the hope or light that is in us. It is not us but it is HIM. This Chanukah let the shamash or the Helper candle (the Holy Spirit) light the fire again in us…brighter and hotter than ever before.
2 Cor. 4:6 “ For God, who commanded the light to shine out of darkness, hath shined in our hearts, to [give] the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Yeshua Messiah.”
1 Peter 2:9 “But ye [are] a chosen generation, a royal priesthood, an holy nation, a peculiar people; that ye should shew forth the praises of him who hath called you out of darkness into his marvellous light:”
8 ways to shine for Yeshua:
1. Dedicate or Rededicate your life to Yeshua as your Lord (Adonai) and Master. If you have walked away from him then confess with your mouth and Teshuv or return to him. He wants nothing more than to restore you to a loving relationship with the Father. Sin and uncleanness separates us from the Father but through repentance (Teshuvah) we return to our Father like the prodigal son and He covers us with a robe of righteousness (Yeshua’s blood) and a ring of authority (the seal of the Holy Spirit/Ruach HaKodesh).
2. Study to show yourself approved- Get to know the one who created you and loves you and desperately wants to reveal Himself to you. Like Adam in the Garden of Eden, the Father wants to walk in the garden in the coolness of the evening. The sages believed that it wasn’t the Yahweh Himself that walked with Adam but the Word of God (Devar Elohim) that Adam walked intimately with. Daniel 11:32 says that “them that know their God shall be strong and do great exploits” just like the Maccabees who rededicated the altar in the midst of tyranny.
3. Love your neighbor as yourself- The second greatest commandment is the one that draws men to the Father. Jhn 15:12-13 KJV – “This is my commandment, That ye love one another, as I have loved you. Greater love hath no man than this, that a man lay down his life for his friends.” It is kindness that the Father uses to draw men to repentance. Be kind and remind. Let everything you do remind others of the love and kindness of the Father.
4. Give to the poor- Share of the blessing that God has given you. As freely as you have received, then freely give. You can’t “outgive” God. In fact, His promise is that the more you give you shall receive the same measure. It is a Torah commandment to give to the poor. Deu 15:11 KJV – “For the poor shall never cease out of the land: therefore I command thee, saying, Thou shalt open thine hand wide unto thy brother, to thy poor, and to thy needy, in thy land.”
5. Do not forsake the fatherless- Do you know someone that has a broken home? Being an orphan or fatherless doesn’t necessarily mean they have to live in an orphanage. How many children do you know that have a missing father through divorce or death? This is a great opportunity to be a role model and to help fill that gap in the home. Maybe it’s playing sports outside or watching a movie together. Maybe its inviting them to church or synagogue or to youth events or maybe having a weekly Bible study? Ask the Father how you can help!
6. Do not forsake the widow- Jam 1:27 KJV – “Pure religion and undefiled before God and the Father is this, To visit the fatherless and widows in their affliction, [and] to keep himself unspotted from the world.” According to the Torah a brother-in-law would step in as husband and father if the husband of a wife died. In our society today this does not happen so in many cases widows are left broken, needy and lonely. Do you know of a family that lost a father in combat? Help them in their affliction. We are commandment to mourn with those who mourn and to laugh with those that laugh. Bring groceries or a cooked meal and be that listening friend with ears and arms wide open.
7. Stand in the evil day- In this day and age lawlessness abounds both in religious circles and outside religion. When it seems like everyone else is running in one direction to do evil be the one that stands against the grain. Though there may seem to be thousands of voices speaking blasphemies and swelling words against God and His Torah be the one that stands firm on the Rock of our Salvation (Yeshua). Pro 1:15-16 KJV – “My son, walk not thou in the way with them; refrain thy foot from their path:For their feet run to evil, and make haste to shed blood.”
8. Let your works shine before men- Mat 5:16 KJV – Let your light so shine before men, that they may see your good works, and glorify your Father which is in heaven. When we keep the commandments of God by faith we are demonstrating in a real and tangible way that our Father is real and working in and through us. Faith is the evidence of things unseen so when we give to the poor, help the widow and fatherless, keep the feasts, etc. we are declaring the unseen invisible God until He comes and that which is invisible will be visible. For ages men have turn their attention to idols which are images of unseen gods or mighty ones. Yeshua was the invisible word made flesh, the image of God. We today bare witness of the invisible God as Messiah is formed in us and the image of God is chiseled and crafted in our beings.
1Jo 1:1-7 KJV – That which was from the beginning, which we have heard, which we have seen with our eyes, which we have looked upon, and our hands have handled, of the Word of life; (For the life was manifested, and we have seen [it], and bear witness, and shew unto you that eternal life, which was with the Father, and was manifested unto us;) That which we have seen and heard declare we unto you, that ye also may have fellowship with us: and truly our fellowship [is] with the Father, and with his Son Jesus Christ. And these things write we unto you, that your joy may be full. This then is the message which we have heard of him, and declare unto you, that God is light, and in him is no darkness at all. If we say that we have fellowship with him, and walk in darkness, we lie, and do not the truth: But if we walk in the light, as he is in the light, we have fellowship one with another, and the blood of Jesus Christ his Son cleanseth us from all sin. | <urn:uuid:dff08295-422f-45a4-9408-c796a30cba3b> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://restoringtheway.org/tag/feast-of-dedication/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.969166 | 3,065 | 3.96875 | 4 |
Last Updated on June 5, 2023 by Karl Thompson
Working definition: the separation or estrangement of human beings from some essential aspect of their nature or from society, often resulting in feelings of powerlessness or helplessness.
Today, the concept of alienation has become part of ordinary language, much used in the media. We may be told, for example, that who groups are becoming alienated from society, or that young people are alienated from mainstream values.
With such usage of the concept we get the impression of the feeling of separation of one group from society, but the concept has traditionally been used in sociology, mainly by Karl Marx, to express a much more profound sense of estrangement than most contemporary usage (IMO).
Origins of the concept
Sociological usage of the term stems from Marx’s concept of alienation which he used to develop the effects of capitalism on the experience work in particular and society more generally.
Marx developed his theory of alienation from Feuerbach’s philosophical critique of Christianity – Feuerbach argued that the concept of an all powerful God as a spiritual being to whom people must submit in order to reach salvation was a human construction, the projection of human power relations onto spiritual being. Christianity effectively disguised the fact that it was really human power relations which kept the social order going, rather than some higher spiritual reality, thus alienating from the ‘truth’ of power was really maintained.
Marx applied the concept of alienation to work in industrial capitalist societies, arguing that emancipation for workers lay in their wrestling control away from the small, dominating ruling class.
Later, Marxist inspired industrial sociologists used the concept to explore working relations under particular management systems in factories.
Marx’s historical materialist approach began with the way people organise their affairs together to produce goods and survive. For Marx, to be alienated is to be in an objective condition which as real consequences, and to change it we need to actually change the way society is organised rather than changing our perception of it.
Work in the past may well have been more physically demanding, but Marx argued that it was also less alienating because workers (craftsmen for example) had more control over their working conditions, work was more skilled and it was more satisfying, because workers could ‘see themselves in their work’.
However, in 19th century industrial factories, workers effectively had no control over what they were doing, their work was unskilled and they were effectively a ‘cog in a machine’, which generated high levels of alienation – or feelings of powerlessness, helplessness, and of not being in control.
It doesn’t take too much of a leap to apply this analysis to late-modern working conditions – in fast food outlets such as McDonald’s or call centers, for example.
Marx’s theory suggests capitalist production creates alienation in four main areas:
- Workers are alienated from their own labour power – they have to work as and when required and to perform the tasks set by their employers.
- They are alienated from the products of their labour – which are successfully claimed by capitalists to be sold as products on the marketplace for profit, while workers only receive a fraction of this profit as wages
- Workers are alienated from each other – they are encouraged to compete with each other for jobs.
- They are alienated from their own species being – according to Marx, satisfying work is an essential part of being human, and capitalism makes work a misery, so work under capitalism thus alienates man from himself. It is no longer a joy, it is simply a means to earn wages to survive.
Marx’s well known (but much misunderstood) solution to the ills of alienation was communism – a way of organizing society in which workers would have much more control over their working conditions, and thus would experience much less alienation.
Marx’s concept of alienation was very abstract and linked to his general theory of society, with its revolutionary conclusions, and as such, not especially easy to apply to social research.
However, in the 20th century some sociologists stripped the concept from its theoretical origins in order to make the concept more useful for empirical research.
One example is Robert Blauner’s ‘Alienation and Freedom (1964) in which he compared the alienating effects of working conditions in four industries – focusing on the experience of the four key aspects of alienation: powerlessness, meaninglessness, isolation and self-estrangement.
Blauner developed ways of measuring these different types of alienation incorporating the subjective perceptions of the workers themselves, arguing that routine factory workers suffered the highest levels of alienation. However, he found that when production lines became automated, workers felt less alienated as they had more control over their working conditions.
Blauner’s work ran counter to existing theory that technological innovation and deskilling would lead to ever greater levels of alienation. It also suggested alienation could be reduced without destroying capitalism.
While the collapse of Communism suggests that Marx’s general theory of alienation is no longer relevant, many firms today seem to have taken on board some aspects of the theory – for example, it is well establish that increasing worker representation and participation reduces worker ‘alienation’, as outlined in the Taylor Review of Modern Working Practices. Another example of how firms combat alienation is the various media and tech companies which design work spaces to be ‘homely and comfortable’.
Other sociologists have attempted to apply the concept of alienation to criminology (Smith and Bohm, 2008) and even the study of health and illness (Yuill 2005).
You might also like to consider the extent to which many jobs today do seem to be alienating in the sense Marx described. Working in Mcdonald’s for example certainly seems to fit all four types of alienation, as do many other production-line type jobs, along with many call centres.
Alienation is one of the key concepts of Marxism, one of the main sociological perspectives taught across the A-level sociology specification. This post should be most relevant to the Theory and Methods module, usually taught in the second year.
Please click here to return to the homepage – ReviseSociology.com
Giddens and Sutton (2017) Essential Concepts in Sociology
Marx originally developed his theory of alienation in his Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts, when he was just 26. | <urn:uuid:4551152e-ab75-4848-b8b3-657b462ab462> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://revisesociology.com/2017/08/24/what-is-alienation/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.967089 | 1,324 | 3.609375 | 4 |
Identifying the genes that contribute to breast cancer is essential for early on detection. Cancer of the breast is the most common malignancy in women around the world, and genetic alterations are in charge of for as much as 10 percent of the cases. The incidence of breast cancer is definitely increased by four to five flip in girls that carry variations in the BRCA1/2 genes. Based on the American Cancer tumor Society, one out of eight women of all ages will develop the disease during her lifetime.
The HER2 gene makes a healthy proteins that helps breast cells to grow. Yet , if it failures, the cellular material can start developing out radiation breast cancer therapy of control. This is the primary cause of cancer of the breast. Women who have the faulty gene are at risk of developing the condition as early as years 50. Men with a mutated BRCA1 gene are also vulnerable to developing breast cancer.
Breast cancer hereditary testing provides broadened dramatically during the past decade. New instruments help doctors decide the risk of repeat and guide treatment. Despite the advances in technology, however , there exists uncertainty about how precisely to translate the results of these lab tests. Experts take issue on if you should deploy hereditary testing in women, and patients might end up paying for tests that aren’t efficient or relevant.
Research has recognized hundreds of family genes linked to the development of cancer of the breast. Often , genes that trigger the disease are passed down from one or both father and mother. However , this is simply not a guarantee you develop the disease. In addition , hereditary testing is not the only method to determine your risk of cancer of the breast. | <urn:uuid:93139571-01b5-44c4-ab7f-47026d0fcc70> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://rimbunlandscape.com/2022/10/02/breast-cancer-genetic-testing/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.956124 | 335 | 3.53125 | 4 |
What is APA 7th edition referencing?
APA 7th is an ‘author/date’ system, so your in-text references for all formats (book, journal article, web document) consists of the author(s) surname and year of publication. The basics of an in-text reference in APA: Include author or authors and year of publication. Use round brackets.२०२१ फेब्रुअरी १९
What do you mean by sources?
noun. any thing or place from which something comes, arises, or is obtained; origin: Which foods are sources of calcium? the beginning or place of origin of a stream or river. a book, statement, person, etc., supplying information. the person or business making interest or dividend payments.
What is source example?
The definition of source is where someone or something came from. An example of a source is solar energy coming from the sun. An example of a source is the person who inspires you. An example of a source is the person who gives a juicy story to a magazine reporter.
Is there an APA 8th edition?
Eighth Edition| ©2019 Diana Hacker; Nancy Sommers Enter A Pocket Style Manual, APA Version. The eighth edition—with its emphasis on step-by-step how-to instruction that helps students apply writing, research , and citation advice in practical, transferable ways—is a powerful companion for writing in all disciplines.
What are traditional sources of information?
Traditional sources are more authoritative as they come from professionals in the form of newspapers, radio or television. “Professional journalists at well-established, popular and mainstream newspapers, magazines, television, radio, etc (and their Internet sites).” -Jonathan Dube in a 2002 LexisNexis Survey.
What are primary sources examples?
Examples of Primary Sources
- archives and manuscript material.
- photographs, audio recordings, video recordings, films.
- journals, letters and diaries.
- published books, newspapers and magazine clippings published at the time.
- government publications.
- oral histories.
What are the reference sources of information?
Use reference books (also called reference or background sources, or resources) to get quick specific facts or information or an overview of a subject. Some examples of reference sources are: dictionaries, encyclopedias, bibliographies, almanacs, directories, atlases, and handbooks. These can be online or in print.२०१७ सेप्टेम्बर २६
What are the types formats of sources of information?
- books, e-books, reference materials.
- journals, annual reviews, letters to the editor, technical reports, preprints.
- government information, patents, standards, protocols.
- grey literature, conference proceedings, dissertations/theses.
- specimen types, taxonomies, datasets, maps.
What are the characteristics of information sources?
In general, information sources tend to be categorized as:
- popular or scholarly/academic, based primarily on content level, intended audience, and the rigor of the pre-publication review/editing process.
- primary, secondary, or tertiary, based on immediacy of the author or creator to the content/event. | <urn:uuid:0385905e-648a-436d-8c45-e70f3edd9985> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://ru-facts.com/what-is-apa-7th-edition-referencing/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.837098 | 732 | 3.515625 | 4 |
What is the way of thinking?
Way of thinking typically refers to someone’s perspective or viewpoint, e.g., “It’s a good plan, by my way of thinking.” The way they think uses the definition of way that means “how someone does something,” so the phrase would refer to the method or practice that people use to think.
What are the benefits of effective thinking?
Among many other things, critical thinking promotes the development of things like:
- Reasoning skills.
- Analytical thinking.
- Evaluative skills.
- Logical thinking.
- Organizational and planning skills.
- Language skills.
- Self-reflective capacity.
- Observational skills.
Why is your thinking important?
It’s one of the most crucial cognitive skills one can develop. By practicing well-thought-out thinking, both your thoughts and decisions can make a positive change in your life, on both a professional and personal level. You can hugely improve your life by working on your critical thinking skills as often as you can.
What is the use of thought?
Thought is the past tense of the word think which means to conceive in the mind. An example of thought is a lesson that a teacher imagined would work before she put it into play. The process of thinking; cogitation.
What does it mean to think about the future?
Enter 👉 The Futurist Mindset In its simplest definition, a Futurist Mindset is a way of understanding ourselves, others, and the universe around us. Having a Futurist Mindset goes beyond just being able to think about the future — it is a way to live with purpose and passion as we strive for something more.
What are the elements of thinking?
Elements of Thought (reasoning)
- All reasoning has a purpose.
- All reasoning is an attempt to figure something out, to settle some question, to solve some problem.
- All reasoning is based on assumptions.
- All reasoning is done from some point of view.
- All reasoning is based on data, information and evidence.
What is the point of thinking?
The purpose of thinking is to understand our world as best as possible. Our minds have evolved to think so that we can better adapt to our environment and make smarter decisions on how to survive, live, and flourish. At a biological level, our thoughts are millions of neurons firing off in our brains.
Why is the future more important than the present?
It never stops moving but our entire life is lived in the present. However the present is just as important as the past or the future, for without it the past was for nothing, and the future will never arrive. Our present will someday soon be our past, and the present will decide how the future will turn out.
Why do we think?
Thinking allows humans to make sense of, interpret, represent or model the world they experience, and to make predictions about that world.
When you think about your future?
“When I think about my future, I can’t imagine you not being in it.” Great lovable quote for guys and girls! Check it out!
What is difference between thinking and critical thinking?
Thinking is the mental process, the act and the ability to produce thoughts. People think about almost everything and anything. Meanwhile, critical thinking often means “thinking about thinking.” In a sense, it is a deeper form of thinking about a particular issue or situation before actually deciding and acting. | <urn:uuid:6a06c30f-c1e4-41cf-94f2-47d70add9aa6> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://ru-facts.com/what-is-the-way-of-thinking/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.959601 | 744 | 3.34375 | 3 |
The fallout from online abuse can be devastating, leading even to suicide. Cyberbullying is a recent phenomenon, related mostly to the use and misuse of social media.
This graph shows the range of impacts cyberbullying has on young people from age 12:
Ofcom says that 93% of children have a smartphone by the time they are 15. They are “Generation App”. The NHS says there is a link between cyber-bullying and mental health and also that over 70% of young people with a mental health disorder (MHD) find professional support services to be helpful .
The “Generation App”
We are all familiar with the success of smartphones. This product category propelled Apple to become the first company valued at a staggering $1Tn in the 11 years since they launched the iconic iPhone.
Ofcom tells us that a fifth of children aged 4 have ready access to tablets and by the time they are 15, 93% of children will own a smartphone, with easy 24/7 access to the internet:
The concomitant development of social media apps has moved at an even faster rate, where now 74% of children in the UK have a Facebook account, 58% a Snapchat account and 57% are on Instagram:
In all of this heady excitement and dash for growth, little or no thought was given to the health, safety and wellbeing of the most precious and vulnerable members of society: our children.
The Damaging Effects of Cyberbullying graph illustrates some of the problems that we are only now beginning to see, understand and take remedial action against. Smartphones and being online are vital for today’s young, we cannot disconnect them, and in any case the risks they are exposed to are not their fault.
It’s time to take responsibility for their digital world.
The SafeToNet Foundation takes its Digital Responsibility very seriously – it’s our raison d’être
We exist to:
- Advance the protection of the public, particularly children and young people, from harm arising from contact with unsuitable material on the Internet or similar media
- Promote the welfare of those affected by it
- Promote education and awareness of e-safety and online social issues and
- Carry out or fund research by ourselves or third parties into such issues, the useful results of which will be disseminated for the public benefit.
This is why we are so pleased to see the Digital Responsibility Framework from the Internet Commission, especially as it links to the UN’s Agenda for Sustainable Development. This framework provides a context, a reference point, a strategic direction for ways to help make the Internet a safe place for the vulnerable to be.
We think the SafeToNet Foundation crosses many aspects of the Digital Responsibility framework and is particularly strong in the areas highlighted in the diagram below:
A framework provides shape or form for something that’s otherwise intangible and once it’s been given a shape or form, them it can be measured. How migt you measure Digital Responsibility? First of all, here’s some background behind each of the three main areas of the Internet Commission’s framework:
People: Respect, Truth, Accessibility, Inclusion
- Commitment to promoting well-being, dignity and environmental sustainability
- Ensuring that online content reflects the diversity of its creators and the wider public
- Establishing and consistently enforcing community standards; reporting on exceptions
- Not funding hate speech or deliberately misleading ‘fake news’
- Making the Internet affordable, accessible and inclusive so that all can help shape it and no one is left behind
Prosperity: Wellbeing, Employment, Data Ethics
- Developing technologies that support the best of humanity and challenge the worst
- Justice: promoting prosperity and preserving solidarity
- Responsibility and commitment to social development
- Respecting people’s privacy and personal data, putting them in control of their lives online
- Designing online experiences such that meaningful choices about how to engage are possible
Peace: Value Exchange, Safety and Security, Honesty
- Clarity about how services are funded
- Enabling autonomy: the power for citizens to decide
- Corporate consideration of the best interests and well-being of users and society when setting strategy
- Safety by design for new products and forms of marketing
- Eradication of ad fraud
Armed with this background and understanding of the Internet Commission’s Digital Responsibility framework, you can rank how you think your organisation performs against each metric. The result might look something like this:
Bearing in mind it’s unlikely any organisation would be able to score 10/10 for each metric, so it would be up to you to consider what the highest possible realistic score would be, then to asses how close you are to it. Then you can take suitable actions to improve on that Digital Responsibility score.
It’s early days for this kind of thinking about the internet and social media in particular, and this is a useful framework around which to base debates and discussion.
Let me know your thoughts in the comments below.
Footnotes & references
1 Ofcom’s Parents and Children’s Attitudes survey 2017
2 Mental Health of Children and Young People NHS 2017
3 Ditch the Label Annual Bullying Survey 2018 | <urn:uuid:c936911b-95e8-4224-8801-cfbb8b6539b6> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://safetonetfoundation.org/2018/11/30/digital-responsibility/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.931989 | 1,100 | 3.40625 | 3 |
Full disclosure: I am not an astrophysicist, which is probably why I’m just discovering a decades-old theory in 2019. The theme for the next Assembly is, ‘Adventure’ so I figured I’d go on an adventure through the ‘Big Bounce’ theory. Like most people, I was mainly familiar with the Big Bang before I started my journey.
What exactly is the Big Bounce? Simply put, the Big Bounce is the theory the beginning of our university is the result of another universe before us “contracting”, and then “bouncing” into expansion. Based on the Big Bounce, the universe goes through constant phases of expansion and contraction.
A significant difference between the Big Bounce and the Big Bang is there is no singularity in the Big Bounce theory. Singularity is a point in space that is infinitely hot, infinitely dense, and has no mass. The Big Bang theory states the universe expanded rapidly from a point of singularity.
The Big Bounce is based on the theory our universe was so small in the beginning, the laws of physics were based on quantum mechanics. Quantum mechanics is a branch of physics that describes the motion and interactions of subatomic particles (photons, atoms etc.). Based on quantum mechanics, it would be impossible for the universe to condense into a point of singularity (the Big Bang). However, the point would still be very hot and dense. This theory leads to the conclusion there had to be a universe before ours that compressed into the extremely dense point, and then expanded to create our universe (the Big Bounce).
The Big Bang and the Big Bounce theories both explain the expansion of the universe. However, based on the Big Bounce the universe is in an expansion period and is constantly cooling (losing energy). When the universe runs out of energy (heat), it will contract again until it reaches a point where it has enough energy to expand, starting the process over and creating another universe.
There is still much evidence that needs to be gathered to the support the Big Bounce theory. However, I once heard the purpose of knowledge is to discover more questions.
For more info visit: sapgh.org/events | <urn:uuid:df3d09c8-c944-4176-ad31-0095f85ed887> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://sapgh.org/2019/01/25/my-adventure-exploring-the-big-bounce-theory/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.952926 | 452 | 2.921875 | 3 |
Swainsonine-a cytotoxic fungal alkaloid and a potential cancer therapy drug-is produced by the insect pathogen and plant symbiont Metarhizium robertsii, the clover pathogen Slafractonia leguminicola, locoweed symbionts belonging to Alternaria sect. Undifilum, and a recently discovered morning glory symbiont belonging to order Chaetothyriales. Genome sequence analyses revealed that these fungi share orthologous gene clusters, designated "SWN," which included a multifunctional swnK gene comprising predicted adenylylation and acyltransferase domains with their associated thiolation domains, a b-ketoacyl synthase domain, and two reductase domains. The role of swnK was demonstrated by inactivating it in M. robertsii through homologous gene replacement to give a ΔswnK mutant that produced no detectable swainsonine, then complementing the mutant with the wild-type gene to restore swainsonine biosynthesis. Other SWN cluster genes were predicted to encode two putative hydroxylases and two reductases, as expected to complete biosynthesis of swainsonine from the predicted SwnK product. SWN gene clusters were identified in six out of seven sequenced genomes of Metarhzium species, and in all 15 sequenced genomes of Arthrodermataceae, a family of fungi that cause athlete's foot and ringworm diseases in humans and other mammals. Representative isolates of all of these species were cultured, and allMetarhizium spp. with SWN clusters, as well as all but one of the Arthrodermataceae, produced swainsonine. These results suggest a new biosynthetic hypothesis for this alkaloid, extending the known taxonomic breadth of swainsonine producers to at least four orders of Ascomycota, and suggest that swainsonine has roles in mutualistic symbioses and diseases of plants and animal.
|Number of pages||7|
|Journal||G3: Genes, Genomes, Genetics|
|State||Published - Jun 1 2017|
Bibliographical notePublisher Copyright:
© 2017 Cook et al.
- Comparative genomics
- Locoweed endophyte
- Pathogenic fungi symbiotic fungi
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Molecular Biology | <urn:uuid:68983658-71ba-4aa7-9730-48f99719d562> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://scholars.uky.edu/en/publications/swainsonine-biosynthesis-genes-in-diverse-symbiotic-and-pathogeni | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100484.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203030948-20231203060948-00500.warc.gz | en | 0.885104 | 506 | 2.640625 | 3 |
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