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---
tags:
- hate-speech
- counterspeech
- irt
- arxiv:2009.10277
annotations_creators:
- crowdsourced
languages:
- en-US
licenses: []
multilinguality:
- monolingual
pretty_name: measuring-hate-speech
source_datasets:
- original
task_categories:
- text-classification
- text-regression
task_ids:
- hate-speech
- counterspeech
- sentiment-classification
---
# Measuring Hate Speech
This is a public release of the dataset described in Kennedy et al. (2020). The dataset contains one row for each comment that an annotator reviews; each comment is rated multiple times. The primary outcome variable is the "hate speech score" but the 10 constituent labels can also be treated as outcomes.
## Key dataset columns
* hate\_speech\_score - continuous hate speech measure, where higher = more hateful and lower = less hateful
* text - lightly processed text of a social media post
* comment\_id - unique ID for each comment
* annotator\_id - unique ID for each annotator
* sentiment - ordinal label that is combined into the continuous score
* respect - ordinal label that is combined into the continuous score
* insult - ordinal label that is combined into the continuous score
* humiliate - ordinal label that is combined into the continuous score
* status - ordinal label that is combined into the continuous score
* dehumanize - ordinal label that is combined into the continuous score
* violence - ordinal label that is combined into the continuous score
* genocide - ordinal label that is combined into the continuous score
* attack\_defend - ordinal label that is combined into the continuous score
* hatespeech - ordinal label that is combined into the continuous score
* annotator_severity - annotator's estimated survey interpretation bias
## Citation
```
@article{kennedy2020constructing,
title={Constructing interval variables via faceted Rasch measurement and multitask deep learning: a hate speech application},
author={Kennedy, Chris J and Bacon, Geoff and Sahn, Alexander and von Vacano, Claudia},
journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2009.10277},
year={2020}
}
```
## References
Kennedy, C. J., Bacon, G., Sahn, A., & von Vacano, C. (2020). [Constructing interval variables via faceted Rasch measurement and multitask deep learning: a hate speech application](https://arxiv.org/abs/2009.10277). arXiv preprint arXiv:2009.10277.