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The fat of meat is melted by heat. The meat fiber shrinks and hardens with intense heat; on the other hand it softens at a temperature somewhat below the boiling point of water. The structure of the muscle must be studied further in order to make the principles of cooking perfectly clear. If you think of the structure of the muscle cell as somewhat resembling the structure of an orange, you can picture quite clearly what happens under different conditions. Open a section of orange and separate some of the single cells. These may represent the muscle cells of meat that can be seen only under the microscope. If you cut across one of these tiny cells, the contents will escape, and this is what happens when the muscle cells are cut across. Then, too, if the muscle is heated, the juices will pass through the membrane of the cell, and this happens, too, if the meat is put into cold water. The substances in the juices of the meat which are not coagulated by heat are called the extractives, because they can be extracted by hot water. The most valuable protein matter remains behind in the muscle cell, however. Among these proteins are those known as meat albumin, and this behaves in cooking very much as does the white of egg, - that is to say, it coagulates. Fig. 64. - Composition of meats. Bearing these facts in mind, we can decide just what to do in order to bring about the result that we desire in meat cookery, for sometimes we wish to extract the juices and sometimes we wish to have all, or nearly all, retained in the meat. We are now ready to state the principles of meat cookery as follows: 1. Juices retained. In broiling, pan broiling, roasting, and boiling the high temperature coagulates the meat albumin and hardens the fiber on the surface, thus forming a coating which prevents the further escape of juices. In the roasting and boiling of large pieces the temperature may then be lowered to prevent the further shrinking and hardening of the fiber in the interior of the meat, which comes from a protracted high temperature. With a very thick steak after the surface searing the cooking may be completed in the oven. 2. Juices extracted. In beef juice or beef tea, this may be made by placing the chopped beef in a jar and placing the jar in an oven, or in hot water; or for beef tea and ordinary soup by putting the chopped meat, or small pieces of meat, in cold water and heating the water slowly. 3. Juices partly retained and partly extracted. This is desirable in stews, in braised beef, and in pot roast. State for yourself just how this would be accomplished. 4. Connective tissue softened at low temperature, and with water. 5. Sterilization by continued heat which destroys parasites and bacteria. 6. Rapid cooling, when serving is not immediate.

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Philippine Commonwealth facts for kids Anthem: "The Philippine Hymn" (Territorial) Location of the Philippines in Asia |Status||Associated state of the United States |Common languages||Spanish, English, and Tagalog| |Manuel L. Quezon| |Historical era||Interwar period| • Tydings-McDuffie Act |November 15, 1935| |July 4 1946| |1939||300,000 km2 (120,000 sq mi)| ¹ Capital held by enemy forces between December 24, 1941 and February 27, 1945. Temporary capitals Corregidor from December 24, 1941-; Iloilo City from February 22; Bacolod from February 26; Buenos Aires, Bago City from February 27; Oroquieta from March 19; Bukidnon from March 23; Melbourne, Australia from April; Washington, DC from May, 1942 to October, 1944; Tacloban from October 20, 1944. The Philippine Commonwealth (by law: Commonwealth of the Philippines) was the name of the Philippines from 1935 to 1946 when it was still controlled by the United States. The Philippine Commonwealth was created by the Tydings-McDuffie Act, which was approved by the U.S. Congress in 1934. When Manuel L. Quezon became president in 1935, he was the first Filipino to head an elected government in the Philippines. The President of Philippine Commonwealth had strong control of the islands and was guided by a Supreme Court. The National Assembly or law-making part of the government, members mostly come from the Nacionalista Party, was at first only one, but later became two, a lower part and a higher part. In 1937, the government chose Tagalog, the language of Manila, as the national language. Women were allowed to vote and the economy was strong. The Philippine Commonwealth government was forced out of the country from 1942–1945, when the Philippines was under Japanese control. In 1946, the Philippine Commonwealth ended when the Third Philippines Republic began. The Philippine Commonwealth was also known as the Commonwealth of the Philippines, or simply as the Commonwealth. It had official names in Malasariling Pamahalan ng Pilipinas (pɪlɪˈpinɐs) and Mancomunidad Filipina (fɪlɪˈpinɐ). The 1935 constitution specifies Philippines as the country's short form name and uses Philippine Islands only to refer to pre-1935 status and institutions. Under the previous regime, known most formally as the Territory of the Philippine Islands, both terms had official status. The Philippine Commonwealth had its own constitution, which remained effective until 1973, and was self-governing although foreign policy and military affairs would be under the responsibility of the United States, and certain legislation required the approval of the American President. It featured a very strong President, a single National Assembly, and a Supreme Court, all composed entirely of Filipinos, as well as an elected Resident Commissioner to the United States House of Representatives (as Puerto Rico does today). An American High Commissioner and an American Military Advisor, were also present in the government while a Field Marshall was in charge of the Philippine Army. In 1939-40, after an amendment in the Constitution, an upper and lower Congress, consisting of a Philippine Senate, and of a House of Representatives, was restored replacing the National Assembly. The pre-1935 U.S. territorial administration, or Insular Government, was headed by a governor general who was appointed by the president of the U.S. In December 1932, the U.S. Congress passed the Hare-Hawes-Cutting Act (First Philippine Independence Act) with the premise of granting Filipinos independence. Provisions of the bill included reserving several military and naval bases for the United States, as well as imposing tariffs and quotas on Philippine exports. It was vetoed by President Herbert Hoover but the American Congress overrode his veto in 1933 and passed the bill. The bill, however, was opposed by the then Philippine Senate President Manuel L. Quezon and was also rejected by the Philippine Senate. This led to the creation and passing of a new bill known as Tydings-McDuffie Act, or Philippine Independence Act, which allowed the establishment of the Commonwealth of the Philippines with a 10-year period of peaceful transition to full independence. The Commonwealth was officially inaugurated on November 15, 1935. A Constitutional Convention was convened in Manila on July 30, 1934. On February 8, 1935, the 1935 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines was approved by the convention by a vote of 177 to 1. The constitution was approved by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on March 23, 1935 and ratified by popular vote on May 14, 1935. In October 1935, Philippine presidential elections were held. Candidates included former president Emilio Aguinaldo, the Philippine Independent Church leader Gregorio Aglipay, and others. Manuel L. Quezon and Sergio Osmeña of the Nacionalista Party were proclaimed the winners, winning the seats of president and vice-president, respectively. The Commonwealth Government was inaugurated on the morning of November 15, 1935, in ceremonies held on the steps of the Old Congress Building in Manila. The event was attended by a crowd of around 300,000 people. Before World War II The new government embarked on ambitious nation-building policies in preparation for economic and political independence. These included national defense (such as the National Defense Act of 1935, which organized a conscription for service in the country), greater control over the economy, the perfection of democratic institutions, reforms in education, improvement of transport, the promotion of local capital, industrialization, and the colonization of Mindanao. However, uncertainties, especially in the diplomatic and military situation in Southeast Asia, in the level of U.S. commitment to the future Republic of the Philippines, and in the economy due to the Great Depression, proved to be major problems. The situation was further complicated by the presence of agrarian unrest, and of power struggles between Osmeña and Quezon, especially after Quezon was permitted to be re-elected after one six-year term. World War II Japan launched a surprise attack on the Philippines on December 8, 1941. The Philippine Commonwealth government drafted the Philippine Army into the U.S. Army Forces Far East, which would resist Japanese occupation. Manila was declared an open city to prevent its destruction, and it was occupied by the Japanese on January 2, 1942. Meanwhile, battles against the Japanese continued on the Bataan Peninsula, Corregidor, and Leyte until the final surrender of United States-Philippine forces on May 1942. Quezon and Osmeña were escorted by troops from Manila to Corregidor, and later they left for Australia and then the U.S. There they set up a government in exile, which participated in the Pacific War Council as well as the Declaration by United Nations. During this exile, Quezon became ill with tuberculosis, and later he died of it. Osmeña replaced him as the president. Meanwhile, the Japanese military organized a new government in the Philippines known as the Second Philippine Republic, which was headed by president José P. Laurel. This government ended up being very unpopular. The resistance to the Japanese occupation continued in the Philippines. This included the Hukbalahap ("People's Army Against the Japanese"), which consisted of 30,000 armed people and controlled much of Central Luzon. Remnants of the Philippine Army also fought the Japanese through guerrilla warfare, and it was successful, since all but 12 of the 48 provinces were liberated. The American General Douglas MacArthur's army landed on Leyte on 20 October 1944, and they were all welcomed as liberators, along with Philippine Commonwealth troops when other amphibious landings soon followed. Fighting continued in remote corners of the Philippines until Japan's surrender in August 1945, which was signed on 2 September in Tokyo Bay. Estimates for Filipino casualties reached one million, and Manila was extensively damaged when certain Japanese forces refused to vacate the city (against their orders from the Japanese High Command). After the War in the Philippines, the Philippine Commonwealth was restored, and a one-year transitional period in preparation for independence began. Elections followed in April 1946 with Manuel Roxas winning as the first president of the independent Republic of the Philippines and Elpidio Quirino winning as vice-president. In spite of the years of Japanese occupation, the Philippines became independent exactly as scheduled a decade before, on July 4, 1946. The Commonwealth ended when the U.S. recognized Philippine independence on July 4, 1946, as scheduled. However, the economy remained dependent to the U.S. This was due to the Bell Trade Act, otherwise known as the Philippine Trade Act, which was a precondition for receiving war rehabilitation grants from the United States. Uprisings and agrarian reform At the time, tenant farmers held grievances often rooted to debt caused by the sharecropping system, as well as by the dramatic increase in population, which added economic pressure to the tenant farmers' families. As a result, an agrarian reform program was initiated by the Commonwealth. However, success of the program was hampered by ongoing clashes between tenants and landowners. An example of these clashes includes one initiated by Benigno Ramos through his Sakdalista movement, which advocated tax reductions, land reforms, the breakup of the large estates or haciendas, and the severing of American ties. The uprising, which occurred in Central Luzon on May, 1935, claimed about a hundred lives. Due to the diverse number Philippine languages, a program for the "development and adoption of a common national language based on the existing native dialects" was drafted in the 1935 Philippine constitution. The Commonwealth created a Surian ng Wikang Pambansa (National Language Institute), which was composed of Quezon and six other members from various ethnic groups. A deliberation was held and Tagalog (due to its extensive literary tradition) was selected as the basis for the "national language" to be called "Pilipino". In 1940, the Commonwealth authorized the creation of a dictionary and grammar book for the language. On the same year, Commonwealth Act 570 was passed, allowing Pilipino to become an official language upon independence. The economy of the Commonwealth was mostly based on farming. agriculture-based. Farmers grew abaca, coconuts and coconut oil, sugar, and timber. Other foreign income came from money spent at the American army, navy, and air bases on the Philippines, such as the naval base at Subic Bay and Clark Air Base. The economy was good until World War II stopped growth. In 1941, the estimated population of the Philippines reached 17,000,000 while Manila's population was 684,000. The number of Chinese people rose to 117,000. There were also 30,000 Japanese people, with 20,000 living in Davao, and 9,000 U.S.-Mexicans. English was spoken by 27% of the population. Spanish was spoken by only 3%. The following is the estimated number of speakers of the dominant languages: - Cebuano: 4,620,685 - Tagalog: 3,068,565 - Ilocano: 2,353,518 - Hiligaynon: 1,951,005 - Waray-Waray: 920,009 - Kapampangan: 621,455 - Pangasinan: 573,752 List of presidents The colors indicate the political party or party groups of each President at Election Day. |#||President||Took office||Left office||Party||Vice President||Term| |1||Manuel L. Quezon||November 15, 1935||August 1, 19441||Nacionalista||Sergio Osmeña||1| |2||Sergio Osmeña||August 1, 1944||May 28, 1946||Nacionalista||vacant| |3||Manuel Roxas||May 28, 1946||July 4, 1946²||Liberal||Elpidio Quirino||3| Images for kids Philippine Commonwealth Facts for Kids. Kiddle Encyclopedia.

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There are four main financial statements The balance sheet summarises the financial position of a company for a specific point in time. The P&L (profit and loss) statement shows revenues and expenses during a set period of time. The journal is a book where all the financial tractions are recorded for the first time. The ledger is one which has particular accounts taken from the original journal. Yes. There are two examples : Net Present Value (NPV) is the difference between the present value of cash inflows and the present value of cash outflows. NPV is used in capital budgeting to analyse the profitability of a projected investment or project. You need to be very careful in wering this question. As a financial analyst, following the stock market proves to be beneficial. Also, always be up-to-date with the stocks.

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Wherever possible, markets should be free from intervention or interference by government, trade unions, or large powerful corporations. The solution to economic problems lay in the free markets correcting themselves automatically. This meant free markets for products, finance, and labour. - Most large, nationalised industries were privatised. These included gas, electricity, water, telecommunications, steel, coal, and railways. - Some industries were made open to competition and monopolies were broken up. These included the professions (law, opticians etc.). The financial markets were made more open and competitive and banks were allowed to compete with building societies. - State-run services were opened up and competition between the state itself and private companies. New Right believed that powerful trade unions were a barrier to economic progress. They prevented labour markets being flexible, forced wages up too high and prevented technological progress in many industries. - The legal powers of trade unions were severely reduced. - Unions were forced to make themselves more internally democratic to break up unaccountable leadership groups. - The ability of unions to take industrial action to further their aims was reduced. Low direct taxation New Right conservatives saw direct taxes on individuals and private companies as a discentive to work and enterprise. - Income tax levels were reduced, especially at higher earning levels. The revenue was made up by higher indirect taxes such as VAT. - Taxes on private company profits were reduced. Belief that economic problems would solve themselves in the medium term as long as governments resisted the temptation to try to manage the economy. The only justifiable intervention was in controlling the total amount of money in circulation to prevent inflation. - Government did not intervene when there were economic slumps in the early 80s and 90s. - Government controlled the money supply tightly. Excessively high levels of welfare benefits are a disincentive to work, enterprise and self-reliance. This created a 'dependency culture' where people became used to relying on state support: - Many welfare benefits were reduced or eliminated. - Benefits were targeted on those in most need, and who were unable to be self-reliant through no fault of their own. Recognition that a much freer society could create the danger of disorder and moral decline. Neoconservative ideals included a strong position on law and order and attempts to maintain traditional, Christian morality. Substantial cultural diversity was discouraged. - Strong policing policies, including greater powers to control demonstration and public disorder. - Longer, more severe sentences for criminals. - Support for the institution of traditional marriage. Like traditional conservatives, the New Right emphasised the importance of home ownership. - Tenants in local authority housing were given the right to buy their homes at discounted prices and mortgage rates. - The markets supplying mortgages were opened up to greater competition and it was made easier for families to obtain mortgages and other credit.

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|Name: _________________________||Period: ___________________| This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions. Multiple Choice Questions 1. What color is Camara's school uniform? 2. Where does Camara stay while in Tindican? (a) In his uncle's hut. (b) In his grandfather's hut. (c) In his own hut. (d) In his grandmother's hut. 3. What is the name of the river that flows nearby Camara's village? (a) The Nassar. (b) The Nile. (c) The Niger. (d) The Amazon. 4. How does Camara feel the night after he hears the story about the special snake? 5. What kind of woman visits Camara's father's shop in chapter two? (a) A representative of all the women who come to the shop with gold. (b) A normal member of all the women who come to the shop with silver. (c) A representative of all the villagers who come to the shop with silver. (d) A representative of all the women who come to the shop with silver. 6. What does Kouyate's father do as a profession? 7. What does Camara's mother forbid the men to do to the animal that she has to bring to its feet? (a) To feed it. (b) To hit it. (c) To wash it. (d) To pet it. 8. What does Camara's school teacher do? (a) He laughs at the students. (b) He hugs the students. (c) He is nice to the students. (d) He beats the students. 9. Why does Camara's father send his children to school? (a) To be treated like slaves. (b) To sing. (c) To play. (d) To learn. 10. How are Camara's father's apprentices treated? (a) Like adults. (b) Like children of the neighbors. (c) Like spoiled children. (d) Like children of the family. 11. How does the farmer's life seem to Camara? 12. What is the name of Kouyate's sister? 13. What is the second school Camara attends? (a) The English school. (b) The African school. (c) The Koran school. (d) The French School. 14. Where are Camara's parents' huts located? (a) Close to a railroad. (b) Close to a busy road. (c) Close to a farm. (d) Close to a river. 15. What instrument does the praise-singer pull out when singing the praises of Camara's father in chapter 2? (a) A violin. (b) A harp. (c) A drum. (d) A guitar. Short Answer Questions 1. What does Camara's friend Kouyate look like? 2. Who is the douga reserved for? 3. Which animals are abundant in the river when the water rises? 4. What does young Camara enjoy doing from the corner of the workshop? 5. Why do women want trinkets made out of gold? This section contains 427 words (approx. 2 pages at 300 words per page)

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Coyotes are highly adaptable animals that can be found in a variety of habitats across North America. They are known for their intelligence and resourcefulness, which allows them to thrive in both rural and urban environments. Understanding their behavior is crucial when it comes to managing their populations effectively. Coyotes are primarily nocturnal animals, although they can also be active during the day. They are opportunistic predators and scavengers, feeding on a wide range of prey including small mammals, birds, reptiles, and even fruits and vegetables. Their diet varies depending on the availability of food in their habitat. Trapping is considered an effective method for controlling coyote populations for several reasons. Firstly, it allows for targeted removal of problem individuals that may be causing conflicts with humans or livestock. Secondly, trapping can help prevent the spread of diseases such as rabies, which can be transmitted by coyotes. Lastly, trapping provides valuable data for research and management purposes, helping scientists better understand coyote behavior and population dynamics. - Coyotes are wily predators that can cause damage to livestock and pets. - Trapping is an effective way to control coyote populations and protect your property. - There are different types of coyote traps, each with their own pros and cons. - Choosing the right trap and setting it up properly is crucial for successful trapping. - It's important to follow regulations and ethical guidelines when trapping coyotes. Why Use Traps to Catch Coyotes? While there are various methods available for managing coyote populations, trapping has proven to be one of the most effective approaches. Unlike other methods such as shooting or poisoning, trapping allows for selective removal of specific individuals without causing harm to non-target species. Responsible trapping practices are essential to ensure the welfare of both the trapped animal and other wildlife in the area. Traps should be checked regularly to minimize stress and suffering, and non-target species should be released unharmed. Trappers should also follow local regulations and guidelines to ensure ethical trapping practices. Types of Coyote Traps: Pros and Cons When it comes to trapping coyotes, there are two main types of traps: live traps and lethal traps. Each type has its own advantages and disadvantages. Live traps are designed to capture coyotes without causing them harm. These traps typically consist of a cage or box with a trigger mechanism that closes the door once the coyote enters. Live traps are often used for research purposes or when relocation is desired. However, they can be less effective than lethal traps for population control, as trapped coyotes can become trap-shy and avoid future capture attempts. Lethal traps, on the other hand, are designed to kill the trapped coyote quickly and humanely. These traps include devices such as leg-hold traps, body-gripping traps, and snares. Lethal traps are more effective for population control, but they require careful placement and monitoring to ensure a quick and humane kill. How to Choose the Right Coyote Trap for Your Needs When selecting a coyote trap, there are several factors to consider. The size and strength of the trap should be appropriate for the size of the target animal, ensuring that it can effectively capture and hold the coyote without causing unnecessary suffering. The terrain and habitat where trapping will take place should also be taken into account. For example, in areas with dense vegetation, a cage trap may be more suitable than a leg-hold trap. Additionally, local regulations may dictate specific requirements for trap types and sizes. Recommended traps for different situations include leg-hold traps for open areas, body-gripping traps for dens or burrows, and snares for trails or travel corridors. It is important to research and consult with experienced trappers or wildlife management professionals to determine the most appropriate trap for your specific needs. Setting Up Your Coyote Trap: Location and Bait Choosing the right location for your coyote trap is crucial for success. Coyotes are territorial animals, so placing traps near their den sites or along their travel routes increases the chances of capturing them. Look for signs such as tracks, scat, or hair to identify potential trap locations. Baiting techniques can also be used to attract coyotes to the trap. Common bait options include meat scraps, fish, or commercial lures specifically designed for coyotes. It is important to place the bait in a way that forces the coyote to fully enter the trap, triggering the mechanism. Additionally, using lure or scent attractants can help increase trapping success. These attractants mimic the scent of a potential food source or a rival coyote, enticing the target animal to investigate and enter the trap. Tips for Successful Coyote Trapping: Timing and Technique Timing plays a crucial role in successful coyote trapping. The best times of year to trap coyotes are during their breeding season in late winter and early spring when they are more active and searching for mates. Trapping during this period increases the chances of capturing both males and females. Effective trapping techniques vary depending on the scenario. For example, when using leg-hold traps, setting them near known travel routes or along fence lines can increase success rates. Body-gripping traps should be placed near den entrances or burrow openings, while snares can be set along trails or near baited areas. It is important to regularly check traps to minimize stress and suffering for trapped animals. Traps should be checked at least once every 24 hours, and any non-target species should be released unharmed. Trappers should also be prepared to deal with injured or trapped non-target animals, such as domestic dogs or endangered species, and take appropriate actions to ensure their safety. Checking Your Coyote Traps: Safety and Ethics When checking coyote traps, safety precautions should always be followed. Trappers should wear protective gloves and handle traps with care to avoid injury. It is also important to be aware of potential hazards in the surrounding area, such as venomous snakes or aggressive wildlife. Ethical considerations should also be taken into account when trapping coyotes. Trappers should strive to minimize stress and suffering for trapped animals by using humane trapping methods and checking traps regularly. Non-target species should be released unharmed, and any injured or trapped animals should be handled with care and provided with appropriate medical attention if needed. What to Do When You Catch a Coyote: Release or Dispose? When a coyote is trapped, trappers are faced with the decision of whether to release or dispose of the animal. Factors to consider include the reason for trapping, local regulations, and the condition of the trapped coyote. If the purpose of trapping is population control or conflict prevention, disposing of the trapped coyote may be necessary. In such cases, local regulations should be followed to ensure legal and ethical disposal methods are used. However, if the purpose of trapping is research or relocation, releasing the trapped coyote may be the best option. In these situations, it is important to handle the animal with care and release it in a suitable habitat away from human settlements. Coyote Trapping Regulations: Know the Laws in Your Area Coyote trapping regulations vary from state to state and even within different regions of a state. It is crucial for trappers to familiarize themselves with the specific laws and regulations in their area before engaging in trapping activities. In many states, a trapping license or permit is required to legally trap coyotes. These licenses often come with specific requirements and restrictions, such as trap size limitations or mandatory reporting of trapped animals. Trappers should also be aware of any closed seasons or restricted areas where trapping is prohibited. By adhering to local regulations, trappers can ensure that their activities are legal and contribute to effective coyote population management. Coyote Trapping FAQs: Common Questions Answered 1. Is trapping coyotes cruel? Trapping can be done in a humane and responsible manner, minimizing stress and suffering for trapped animals. By using appropriate trap types, regularly checking traps, and following ethical guidelines, trappers can ensure that coyotes are captured and handled in a humane way. 2. Can trapping help reduce conflicts between coyotes and humans? Yes, trapping can be an effective method for reducing conflicts between coyotes and humans. By selectively removing problem individuals, such as coyotes that prey on livestock or pose a threat to human safety, trapping can help mitigate these conflicts. 3. Are there alternatives to trapping for managing coyote populations? While trapping is considered one of the most effective methods for managing coyote populations, there are alternative approaches such as non-lethal deterrents or habitat modification. However, these methods may not be as effective in situations where immediate removal of problem individuals is necessary. Coyote Trapping as a Conservation Tool Trapping coyotes can be an important conservation tool when used responsibly and ethically. It allows for targeted removal of problem individuals, helps prevent the spread of diseases, and provides valuable data for research and management purposes. By understanding coyote behavior, selecting the right trap, and following local regulations and ethical guidelines, trappers can contribute to effective coyote population management while minimizing harm to non-target species. Responsible trapping practices are crucial for ensuring the welfare of trapped animals and maintaining a balance between human activities and wildlife conservation efforts. What is a coyote trap? A coyote trap is a device designed to capture coyotes. It can be a simple snare or a more complex trap that uses bait to lure the animal in. Why would someone want to trap a coyote? Coyotes can be a nuisance to farmers and ranchers, as they often prey on livestock. They can also be a danger to pets and small children. Trapping coyotes can help control their population and reduce the risk of these problems. What are the different types of coyote traps? There are several types of coyote traps, including leg-hold traps, body-gripping traps, and snare traps. Each type has its own advantages and disadvantages, and the choice of trap will depend on the situation and the trapper's preferences. Are coyote traps legal? The legality of coyote traps varies by state and country. In some areas, certain types of traps may be prohibited or require a special permit. It is important to check local regulations before setting any traps. How do you set a coyote trap? The process of setting a coyote trap will depend on the type of trap being used. Generally, the trap should be placed in an area where coyotes are known to frequent, and bait may be used to lure them in. It is important to follow proper safety precautions when setting traps. What should you do if you catch a coyote? If you catch a coyote in a trap, it is important to handle it carefully and humanely. The animal should be euthanized or released in a safe location, depending on local regulations and the trapper's intentions. It is important to follow proper safety precautions when handling trapped animals.

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The myths and stories of Santa Claus - or Father Christmas - vary from country to country but have combined and melded over the years as culture disseminates through media exposure. Christian legends about Nicholas, the 4th Century bishop of Myra in present day Turkey being a generous gift-giver forms some of the basis. His feast day was the 6th of Dec and medieval Christians celebrated the eve of his day with gift-giving. During the 15th C reformation the celebration of saints was curtailed and instead the popular gift-giving was moved to the eve of Christ's birthday on the 25th. In Holland, the gift-giver was 'Sinterklaas' and this has remained popular, with a differentiation between him and 'de Kerstman' (The Christmas Man) as they call our familiar Santa. In England, during the reformation, it was the spirit of Father Christmas that became popular and he is synonymous with Santa Claus in the English speaking world but they are separated in other cultures. Other myths and legends were absorbed from pagan ideas - The Germanic God Woden often visited mortals via their chimney or fire-hole and the white-bearded, hooded man visited poor households bringing gifts during the darkest winter nights. Odin was said to ride across the sky on an 8-legged reindeer. Many of these ideas swirled around European cultures for centuries but it was not until the advent of mass literacy that the more familiar tropes became fixed. In the 1820's the poem The Night Before Christmas was published. This mentioned the reindeer (and named them) and described St Nicholas as "chubby and plump, a right jolly old elf" with "a little round belly", that "shook when he laughed like a bowlful of jelly". Various 19th C American cartoonists and writers added details like living at the North Pole and wearing red - before then the character often wore green. In the 20th C, the character continued to evolve and spread to non-English speaking and non-christian countries through movies, books and even advertising. The myth that Coca Cola somehow invented or fixed the image of Santa Claus and that they were the first to depict him in red is untrue. His image had been used for advertisers long before Coca Cola. There is often discussion in skeptic circles whether we should debunk the lie of Father Christmas's existence to credulous children or whether we should go along with the wonder of childhood innocence and use it as a skeptical teaching tool for kids as they grow up and face reality. Whatever side of the the argument you are on, we at Edinburgh Skeptics wish all of you a very merry Christmas. Ho Ho Ho! Now go listen to the best Christmas song ever:

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27 September: World Tourism Day The World Tourism Day (WTD) is being observed annually on 27th September to raise awareness about the importance of tourism. Significance of the day: To foster awareness among the international community of the importance of tourism and its social, cultural, political and economic value. 2016 Theme: ‘Tourism for all – promoting universal accessibility’. It seeks to spread both the importance and immense benefits universal accessibility of tourism. - Celebrating the day, India will focus on cleanliness, security and better connectivity of tourist areas to boost tourism in the country. - Union Tourism Ministry will give impetus to the cleanliness initiative. - Government has decided to ban polythene at all tourist spots from October 2, the birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi - Besides,’Swachh Paryatan Run’ will be flagged off and a special sightseeing tour of the monuments and museums in Delhi for Divyang children will be organised. - The World Tourism Day marks adaptation of Statutes of the UNWTO on September 27, 1970. The adoption of these Statutes is considered a milestone in global tourism. - The purpose of this day is to raise awareness on the role of tourism within the international community. - It also seeks to demonstrate the impact of tourism sector on social, cultural, political and economic values worldwide.

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(Sec 3 A Maths, with answers) (Sec 3 A Maths, with answers) This is a question to ponder about, how many questions or papers to practice for Maths O Levels / A Levels for the Ten Year Series? If you searched Google, you will find that there is no definitive answer of how many questions to practice for Maths O Levels/ A Levels anywhere on the web. For O Level / A Level, practicing the Ten Year Series is really helpful, as it helps students to gain confidence in solving exam-type questions. Here are some tips about how to practice the Ten Year Series (TYS): 1) Do a variety of questions from each topic. This will help you to gain familiarity with all the topics tested, and also revise the older topics. 2) Fully understand each question. If necessary, practice the same question again until you get it right. There is a sense of satisfaction when you finally master a tough question. 3) Quality is more important than quantity. It is better to do and understand 1 question completely than do many questions but not understanding them. Back to the original query of how many questions or papers to practice for Maths O Levels / A Levels for the Ten Year Series, I will attempt to give a rough estimate here, based on personal experience. 5 Questions done (full questions worth more than 5 marks) will result in an improvement of roughly 1 mark in the final exam. (The 5 Questions must be fully understood. ) So, if a student wants to improve from 40 marks to 70 marks, he/she should try to do 30×5=150 questions (around 7 years worth of past year papers). Repeated questions are counted too, so doing 75 questions (around 3 years worth of past year papers) twice will also count as doing 150 questions. In fact, that is better for students with weak foundation, as the repetition reinforces their understanding of the techniques used to solve the question. If the student starts revision early, this may work out to just 1 question per day for 5 months. Of course, the 150 questions must be varied, and from different subject topics. |Marks improved by||Long Questions to be done||Approx. Number of years of TYS||OR (even better)| |10||50||2||1 year TYS practice twice| |20||100||4||2 year TYS practice twice| |30||150||6||3 year TYS practice twice| |40||200||8||4 year TYS practice twice| |50||250||10||5 year TYS practice twice| This estimate only works up to a certain limit (obviously we can’t exceed 100 marks). To get the highest grade (A1 or A), mastery of the subject is needed, and the ability to solve creative questions and think out of the box. When a student practices TYS questions, it is essential that he/she fully understands the question. This is where a tutor is helpful, to go through the doubts that the student has. Doing a question without understanding it is essentially of little use, as it does not help the student to solve similar questions should they come out in the exam. Hope this information will help your revision. Time management is a common problem for Maths, along with careless mistakes. For Exam Time management, here are some useful tips: 1) If stuck at a question for some time, it is better to skip it and go back to it later, rather than spend too much time on it. I recall for PSLE one year, there was a question about adding 1+2+…+100 early in the paper, and some children unfortunately spent a lot of time adding it manually. 2) Use a exam half-time strategy. At the half-time mark of the exam, one should finish at least half of the paper. If no, then need to speed up and skip hard questions if necessary. To improve speed: 1) Practice. It is really important to practice as practice increases speed and accuracy. 2) Learn the faster methods for each type of question. For example, guess and check is considered a slower method, as most questions are designed to make guess and check difficult. Sincerely hope it helps. For dealing with careless mistakes (more for O and A levels), you may read my post on How to avoid Careless Mistakes for O-Level / A-Level Maths? ABCD is a rectangle. M and N are points on AB and DC respectively. MC and BN meet at X. M is the midpoint of AB. (a) Prove that and are similar. (b) Given that area of : area of =9:4, find the ratio of, (i) DN: NC (ii) area of rectangle ABCD: area of . (Challenging) [Answer Key] (b) (i) 1:3 (vert. opp. angles) Therefore, and are similar (AAA). We now have a shorter solution, thanks to a visitor to our site! (see comments below) From part (a), since and are similar, we have This means that Thus (the two triangles share a common height) Now, note that Hence area of We conclude that area of rectangle ABCD: area of Here is a longer solution, for those who are interested: Let area of Let area of Let area of We have since and have the same base BC and their heights have ratio 3:2. Cross-multiplying, we get since and have the same base BC and their heights have ratio 3:4. Thus, area of area of rectangle ABCD: area of =40:6=20:3 Given , find the value of . Working with logarithm is tricky, we try to transform the question to an exponential question. Then, we have Here comes the critical observation: Observe that . Divide throughout by , we get . Solving using quadratic formula (and reject the negative value since and has to be positive for their logarithm to exist), We get . If you have any questions, please feel free to ask me by posting a comment, or emailing me. (I will usually explain in much more detail if I teach in person, than when I type the solution) Given that a parabola intersects the x-axis at x=-4 and x=2, and intersects the y-axis at y=-16, find the equation of the parabola. Sketch of graph: Now, there is a fast and slow method to this question. The slower method is to let , and solve 3 simultaneous equations. The faster method is to let . Why? We know that x=4 is a root of the polynomial, so it has a factor of (x-4). Similarly, the polynomial has a factor of (x-2). The constant k (to be determined) is added to scale the graph, so that the graph will satisfy y=-16 when x=0. So, we just substitute in y=-16, x=0 into our new equation. In conclusion, the equation of the parabola is . This is a nice worksheet on Expansion and Factorisation by Hwa Chong Institution (HCI). There are no solutions, but if you have any questions you are welcome to ask me, by leaving a comment, or by email. Hope you enjoy practising Expansion and Factorisation. The worksheet may be downloaded here: If your child needs help in Maths, please feel free to contact us for Maths Tuition. 🙂 Why is ? This formula will be useful for some questions in O Level Additional Maths, or A Level H2 Maths. There are two ways to show or prove this, first we can let Taking natural logarithm (ln) on both sides, we get So . Substitute the very first equation and we get . 🙂 Alternatively, we can view and as inverse functions of each other. So, we can let and . Then, by definition of inverse functions. This may be a better way to remember the result. 🙂 The above method of inverse functions can be used to remember too. The mass of particles of a certain radioactive chemical element is halved every 10 months. During a chemical experiment, the initial mass of particles of the chemical element is 3mg. (i) write down an expression, in terms of t, for the mass of particles after t years. (ii) Hence, find the value of t, if the mass is reduced to 0.046875 mg after t years. How many 10 months are there in ? (Ans: ) Hence, the mass of particles after years is mg. We need to solve . Dividing by 3, we have . Ln both sides, we have . If you liked our solution above, please consider signing up for Maths Tuition with us! 🙂

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Create a post from the types below. About This Place - History + Apple Maps Place Cards I love using Apple Maps to create lesson ideas for educators and learners. Helping learners understand the significance of a place and its influence on events merges important content design skills with history, geography, and cartography to highlight compelling stories. Recognition of place is a central part of the World story. Besides the stunning design, 3D tours, Look Around (and getting us to where we want to go!) Apple Maps often provides additional information on places of interest via Place Cards and Guides. Students can emulate the Apple Maps Place Cards concept to highlight a location of importance. They can research the significance of that place and by using Pages or Keynote, create, design and build their own place cards to share their learning experience with classmates. This year I was inspired by Black History Month Creativity Challenge to design a sampler for teachers around the theme of Black Health & Wellness using the Maps Place Card idea. I often wrap my lesson ideas into Pages, export as epub and publish to the Apple Book Store so that they are an easy download for teachers I work with. About this Place, available the Apple Book Store, contains this lesson idea so teachers might help students learn, create and tell a story using the model of Apple Maps Place Cards or Guides. The book includes a step by step guide on how to create a simulated map place card on iPad using Pages, Apple Maps, Keynote and Photos. The goal of the book is to inspire teachers to develop easy to implement creative learning activities on iPad that increase student understanding about the significance of Place. More from cherylD

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Fun Fact Friday: To Migrate Or To Staycation December 2, 2016 A greater sage-grouse wander among sagebrush seeds at Seedskadee National Wildlife Refuge. Photo by Tom Koerner, USFWS. Sagebrush is a great winter home for sage grouse and other birds By Nancy Patterson, Public Affairs Specialist, Bureau of Land Management This story originally appeared on BLM’s My Public Lands Tumblr Blog Brrr! It’s getting cold out in northern sagebrush country! With snow beginning to fall, animals are on the move. Like Greater sage-grouse, more than 350 species call this place home, but some only spend part of the year here and others stay year-round. Many birds head south. Sage thrashers and Brewer’s sparrows fly to the warmer southern United States and Mexico. Swainson’s Hawks left months ago, gathered into kettles of tens of thousands of birds to travel all the way to Argentina for the winter months. Imagine doing a round-trip trek of more than 12,000 miles from South America to northern North America each year like these world travelers do! For some, the sagebrush landscape is their favorite winter resting spot. All summer, rough-legged hawks spent in the Arctic tundra. Their journey south brings some of them to the western sagebrush landscape. You might see them perched on utility ples, transmission lines, fence posts, and other high ground throughout the winter months. Other birds have found that sagebrush makes a great home year-round. Perhaps the biggest fan of staycations, the Greater sage-grouse lives year-round in the sagebrush ecosystem. It depends on it for food and shelter. All the same, some Greater sage-grouse migrate up to 100 miles between preferred winter and summer sagebrush habitat. For all these species, sagebrush is a place to call home. While some might just be temporary residents and others full time, year round you’ll find it teeming with life. So, keep your eyes open to observation and watch how of these birds make their home in this special place! The Sage Grouse Initiative is a partnership-based, science-driven effort that uses voluntary incentives to proactively conserve America’s western rangelands, wildlife, and rural way of life. This initiative is part of Working Lands For Wildlife, which is led by USDA’s Natural Resources Conservation Service.

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Osteoporosis can be life-threatening as it increases the risk of fractures, especially in the spine and hip. However, osteopenia is not life-threatening but rather a warning for people to pay more attention to their health, lifestyle habits and surroundings. Osteoporosis is the gradual loss of bone mass with a bone mineral density (BMD) near -2.5 and lower. Osteopenia is also the gradual loss of protein and minerals that degrades bone mass but with a bone mineral density between -1 to -2.5. It is quite evident from the numbers that osteoporosis has more bone loss than osteopenia. In conclusion, people can live a long life with osteopenia or osteoporosis if they follow proper treatment and a healthy lifestyle. In the case of osteoporosis, people do not die of the condition; instead, they die from the complications such as fractures that occur easily in weak bones. Disclaimer: Medical Science is an ever evolving field. We strive to keep this page updated. In case you notice any discrepancy in the content, please inform us at [email protected]. You can futher read our Correction Policy here. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking medical treatment because of something you have read on or accessed through this website or it's social media channels. Read our Full Disclaimer Here for further information.

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Computer programming is a professional way of writing codes to instruct the computer on how to perform? In short, computer programming is the instructions that facilitate specific actions over a computer. It is a world of technology, and programming skills are crucial to developing programs based on technological requirements. Hence, it is crucial to teach computer programming to kids at an early age as it helps develop their creativity and helps them handle complex situations by finding the right solution. Learning computer programming includes plenty of benefits for kids in their later stages of higher education and finding better placements. Top 10 Benefits Of Computer Programming: Here is the list of the top ten benefits of computer programming for kids, and it clearly states the importance of programming in the future. The benefits include 1. Logical Thinking Computer programming increases logical thinking, and kids gradually realize that small steps lead to success in programming and make them reach their goals. The strategy is crucial not only for programming but also for handling complex tasks in life. 2. Increased Creativity Creativity is the art of developing new solutions and ideas for strange tasks. It is the ability to think of something new and explore creative ideas. Computer programming stimulates the hidden creativity of young minds and helps them develop their ideas. It is the strategy that is beneficial to leading a successful life later. 3. Develops Structural Thinking Structural thinking is essential to developing a huge form of objects using smaller components. Computer programming encourages the specific skill which is required for engineering. Structural thinking is nothing but creating bigger objects by creatively using small blocks. 4. Increases Persistence And Resilience Computer programming teaches kids how to handle failure and encourages them to find the right solution for any problem. It motivates the kids to handle failure at a young age which is essential to face real-life later. 5. Increases Algorithmic Thinking Computer programming increases kids’ focus and makes them familiar with the steps essential to complete a task. The specific strategy helps kids handle the problems and find the solutions algorithmically. 6. Increased Math Skill Computer programming or coding encourages kids to visualize and interact with all the abstract principles that Math is made of. Kids start to learn the principles of Math when they learn coding or computer programming, which is an added benefit of coding. 7. Improved Communication Skill Coding improves communication skills in kids and improves their way of storytelling and writing. It is an incredible benefit of computer programming that kids enjoy while learning. 8. Enhanced Core Soft Skills Computer programming helps enhance core skills like improving concentration and focus and makes the kids understand the environment by improving their communication with their parents. It is a life skill that helps kids later. 9. Perfect Immersion Coding is an interactive activity that can change immersion into activity by increasing the focus on one specific activity. It is the vanishing quality that computer programming tries to impart to kids. 10. Computational Thinking Computer programming develops computational thinking by involving the designs of functional solutions. It is the way computer mechanism solves the solution, and computer programming makes the kids excel in this particular strategy. Apart from the mentioned benefits, computer programming for kids includes several other benefits. Sources are available online for efficient computer programming, and a wide range of opportunities are open online for computer programmers. Kids can join any suitable online coding courses to develop all the skills mentioned above that are crucial for programming and real-life achievements. Computer programming remains beneficial in several ways; therefore, learning computer programming finds the best placement option for the kids from the top companies in their later stages of life. Read More: Top Most Coding Activities For Kids

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Anorexia Nervosa is a disorder where the main characteristic is the restriction of food and the refusal to maintain a minimal normal body weight. Most Anorexics lose weight by restricting their food intake. Anorexics may start by limiting or excluding foods that they perceive as having high fat or caloric content. Once the disorder of Anorexia Nervosa takes hold, the individual usually ends up with an extremely restrictive diet that is sometimes limited to only a small number of foods. Additional methods of weight loss for Anorexics can include vomiting, laxative abuse, diuretic abuse, insulin abuse, chew-spitting, and excessive exercise. For individuals suffering from Anorexia Nervosa, any actual gain or even perceived gain of weight is met with intense fear of becoming fat. With Anorexia Nervosa, weight loss usually does not lessen the fear, and in fact, the fear often increases following the weight loss. Not only is there a true feeling of fear, but also once in the grasp of the disorder, Anorexics experience body image distortions. Most individuals suffering from Anorexia have an overall feeling of being overweight. Some Anorexics have an understanding that they are thin, but are concerned that parts of their bodies are fat. Those areas of the body usually representing maturity or sexuality including the buttocks, hips, thighs, and breasts are visualized by the Anorexic as being fat. An individual with Anorexia Nervosa will often obsessively check their body size and weight through frequent weighing, measuring, pinching, and viewing themselves in a mirror. With Anorexia self-esteem and self worth is tied directly to the Anorexic's body shape and weight. For an Anorexic, weight loss is viewed as a success, a sign of extraordinary self-discipline, and control over life. It may be that some people have a genetic tendency toward perfectionism, sensitivity and perseverance, all traits associated with anorexia. There's also some evidence that serotonin — one of the brain chemicals involved in depression — may play a role in anorexia. Modern Western culture often cultivates and reinforces a desire for thinness. The media are splashed with images of waif-like models and actors. Success and worth are often equated with being thin. Peer pressure may fuel the desire to be thin, particularly among young girls. Any real or perceived weight gain is seen as a personal failure and loss of control for the Anorexic. For some female Anorexics, weight loss is so severe there is a loss of menstruation. Medical complications for individuals with Anorexia Nervosa can be severe and even life threatening. Some of the more common potential medical complications include emaciation, bradycardia (abnormally slow heart rate), hypotension (abnormally low blood pressure), hypothermia (subnormal body temperature), impaired kidney functioning and gastrointestinal problems. If Anorexia Nervosa is left untreated, it can be fatal. Some people with anorexia lose weight mainly through severely restricting the amount of food they eat. They may also try to lose weight by exercising excessively. Others with anorexia engage in binging and purging, similar to bulimia. They control calorie intake by vomiting after eating or by misusing laxatives, diuretics or enemas. No matter how weight loss is achieved, anorexia has a number of physical, emotional and behavioral signs and symptoms. Physical anorexia symptoms: • Extreme weight loss Emotional and behavioral anorexia symptoms • Refusal to eat Anorexia red flags to watch for • Skipping meals

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Old Spanish Trail Ethnographic Studies The Old Spanish National Historic Trail commemorates the overland trade route between the far northern Mexican provinces of New Mexico and Alta California. It includes over 2,700 miles of trail alignments through New Mexico, Colorado, Arizona, Utah, Nevada, and California, connecting Santa Fe with Los Angeles. Between 1829 and 1848, the OST was the primary land route between the two provincial outposts of Santa Fe and Los Angeles. During these years, it was used extensively by Mexican and American traders who traded New Mexico woolen goods for California-bred horses and mules. The establishment of the OST enhanced Santa Fe’s position as the hub of an overland continental trade network that linked American and Mexican markets through the Santa Fe Trail (western Missouri to Santa Fe), El Camino Real de Tierra Adentro (Central Mexico to Santa Fe) and the OST (Santa Fe to southern California). The trail was used by members of long-established Hispanic communities in northern New Mexico, southern Colorado, and southern California, and by entrepreneurs drawn to the interior of the West from Mexico and the eastern United States. The lands it crossed were occupied by small settlements of primarily Hispanic and Native American origin, and used for sustaining territories by a number of Native American tribes for many centuries. Hispanic settlements at the eastern and western ends of the trail were established from the 1600s through the 1800s. Anglo populations began to enter the country in significant numbers only shortly before the trail was blazed. The trail corridor crosses lands of interest to rural populations, Native American sovereign nations, and communities and municipalities ranging in size from small hamlets to the metropolitan areas of greater Los Angeles, California, and Las Vegas, Nevada. Some of these communities hold ancestral affiliation to the lands crossed by the trail, some are connected to the trail through the presence of descendant populations (populations descended from trail users of the early 19th century, as well as populations descended from communities in place during the period of trail significance), and some are associated with the trail through the historical development of transportation networks only tangentially linked to the OST commercial enterprise of the early 19th century. The economic and historic interests of each of these populations must be assessed and evaluated independently. The trail trade had a significant impact on the American Indian tribes along the trail. Indians participated in the trade in a variety of ways. Some tribes on the western end of the trail were actively involved in the horse and mule trade, other tribes along the trail participated in the trail trade through the bartering of captives and other commodities. Nearly fifty tribal entities have some association to the trail. In addition to the ethnographic reports produced for this collection, the following articles and book chapters were produced: Stoffle, R., B Stoffle, and A. Sjölander-Lindqvist 2012 Contested Time Horizons. In Sustainability Assessment Pluralism, Practice and Progress. Alan Bond, Angus Morrison-Saunders and Richard Howitt (eds). Pp 51-67. London: Routledge. Stoffle, R., G. Rogers, F. Grayman, G. Bulletts-Benson, K. Van Vlack and J. Medwied-Savage 2008 Timescapes in Conflict: Cumulative Impacts on a Solar Calendar. Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal 26(3): 209-218.

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Water for cultivation in the 21st century’s agriculture, a significant discovery of scientists and American Academies of Sciences, is developed by many governments in the program of World’s Food Security in order to save water, to improve community’s health…. This water full of energy can be made from natural water from rivers, springs, wells… even raining water we use every day. Normal water can be made into EZ water whose formula is H3O2 through a piece of equipment invented by scientists. The preeminence of EZ WATER is that not much water is used for cultivation, but trees can grow better from 30% – 50% compared with normal water. Moreover, EZ water also helps to improve the resistance of trees so that they can protect themselves from bad weather or climate change. This EZ water (Exclusion Zone) has the following features: negative charge, rich energy like a battery, electric charge to dissolve fertilizers and organic medicine for fast absorption, for root capillary opening and for optimized nutrition absorption of leaves, for much better photosynthesis of leaves.

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Dr. Rizwan Rumi Since time immemorial it has been recognized that education is necessarily a process of inculcating values to help the learner to lead a good life that is satisfying to the individual in accordance with the cherished values and ideals of society. Philosophers, spiritual leaders, and educationists have emphasized the role of education in character development, bringing out the latent potentialities and inherent qualities. Education helps in developing an integrated personality for the well-being of the individual and the society at large, highlighting the need for value orientation in education. Value Orientation Of Education The first step in the direction of changing the world is to take the needed steps for radical change in the human consciousness. One of the most important means to achieve this end is the value orientation of education. This will help human beings to conduct themselves in the more desirable directions. It shapes their life patterns in a constructive direction by strengthening their beliefs and by integrating facts, ideas, attitudes, and actions. This also helps to clarify their aims in life as well as the process to achieve them. The fact that all good education is, in essence, a process of developing the human personality in all its dimensions, is undisputed and universally accepted. Good education inculcates values that are essential to the good life and social well-being. Great thinkers of recorded history have devoted much attention to understanding the significance of character and values in life and the role of various agencies of education in promoting these values. If moral or value education is to be effectively undertaken, it must be firmly based on the principles of value development. Value development denotes different things to different people. A society that can offer its members a life of joy, peace, and serenity needs a firm foundation of morality. It needs its members to exhibit the right behavior and practice universal harmony. But in today’s technological world the values and morality of individuals are being swept away to gain worldly pleasures. Education helps in developing an integrated personality for the well-being of the individual. Philosophers, spiritual leaders, and educationists have emphasized the role of education in character development Individual achievement and position are preferred even if a sacrifice of values, ethics, and morals is demanded it. But for the universal harmony of our society, it is essential to inculcate values and develop morals in children from their early years. One of the challenges before a modern teacher is how to make value education effective and interesting to the modern youth. The present-day youth with all its potential and goodwill to learn seems to concentrate on all other academic subjects except value education. Systems Of Education Every Country develops its own system of education to express and promote its unique socio-cultural identity and also to meet the challenges of the times. Although the country has made rapid progress in various areas like scientific technology, economic infrastructure, etc. its value system has declined. Therefore, Education in general and value education, in particular, occupies a prestigious place in the modern context of contemporary society. The problem of value education of the young has assumed increasing prominence in educational discussion in recent times. Parents, teachers, and society at large are concerned about the values and value of education of children. We are witnessing a tremendous value crisis throughout the world today. A lackadaisical attitude towards value and its institutions is pervasive in the world today. The reappearance of barbaric qualities of selfishness, clashes, and conflagration gives a clear indication of the process of degeneration of human society. There is an urgent need for a great effort to revive and reform the values of human life and to rejuvenate the foundation of civilization. The Values We Cherish Values are goals set for achievements and they motivate, define and color all our activities cognitive, affective, and co-native. They are described as socially defined desires and goals that are internalized through the process of conditioning, learning, and socialization. The present education needs moral, spiritual, and aesthetic values to be included in it. The culture and traditions can be preserved and transferred to the next generation with the help of value education only. Value education is much concerned with striving for personal wholeness as well as generating a responsible attitude toward others and an understanding of wrong and right behavior. The most constructive factor in value education is its purpose which encourages the child to explore the powers while offering living guidance and setting appropriate limits to behavior. Value education helps in building and strengthening positive sentiments for people and ideals. It should prepare individuals for active participation in social life and acceptance of social rules. Value education has to be included in various aspects of education. Attention needs to be paid to higher authorities to spread the importance of value education in society. In the modern globalized society, there have been continuous and radical changes in the field of behavior and values of youth which reflect important and high esteem in the society where they live, if properly maintained and applied. Thus, value education is essential to rejuvenate the moral degradation of youth to bring orderly sequence, security, and progress of the youth to society. These impressions determine the positive behavior in a given situation, which ultimately builds character, both individually and collectively. Therefore, the problem related to human values should be re-established in a long-lasting way so that the moral degradation of youth in particular and society, in general, is checked. As a result of quick economic growth, the influence of western culture, over-mechanization, urbanization, and craving for materialistic life, there has been a loss of values and of the value system at the individual level and in the country as a whole. Materialistic needs and never-ending lust to earn more and more by putting in less and fewer efforts, therefore have to be balanced by a value-based life and by the inculcation of an attitude that earning money is for leading a respectable life and for helping others who are disadvantaged. Schools in democratic societies have traditionally been expected to reinforce the basic values of societies and to initiate young people into traditions of critical thought. (The author is Research Fellow at United Nations World Peace Institute)

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Bees do it. Butterflies do it. Moths do it. In fact, lots of insects pollinate our flowers and edibles. That's why National Pollinator Week – June 16-23 – is so important. The week spotlights the significant role that pollinators play in our everyday lives, and it encourages home gardeners to establish habitats that benefit pollinators. "They are nature's hardest workers that maintain and balance the environment by keeping the bad bugs in check and pollinating flowers." Other horticulturists readily agree. "Seventy-five percent of all flowering plants, including one-third of the foods we eat, require animal pollination," said Helen Hamilton, a retired biology teacher and past president of the John Clayton Chapter Virginia Native Plant Society (www.claytonvnps.org). "One in every three bites of food we consume comes from the activity of pollinators," adds Darl Fletcher, assistant horticultural curator at the Virginia Living Museum in Newport News. The living museum has a butterfly garden with 60 species of plants native to Virginia. The museum is also a designated Monarch Waystation where monarch butterflies can get nectar during their fall migration back to Mexico. For more information, go to http://www.monarchwatch.org/waystations. "Without pollinators the world – animals and humans — goes hungry," Fletcher said. Hard at work Insects are among the hardest working of Mother Nature's creatures, working largely unnoticed in gardens — pollinating flowers, recycling dead material, eating each other, continues Hamilton. "A healthy garden has clumps and drifts of plants of all sizes and shapes, closely planted. Not much habitat is available for pollinators when a few decorative plants are surrounded by yards of mulch," she said. Pollinators also need homes near flowering plants where they can nest, hibernate and hide from predators, Hamilton added. A wildlife habitat can be simply constructed of hollow stems, dead logs with drilled holes, bark, stones, or wooden pallets and perforated brick. These "pollinator hotels" provide safe homes for bees, beetles, wasps, lizards and many other beneficial animals. Such a structure was recently completed in the Williamsburg Botanical Garden in Freedom Park in James City County. In addition to nectar plants with overlapping bloom times, pollinators appreciate a water source such as a birdbath or shallow dish lined with pebbles, according to Grace Chapman, director of horticulture at the Lewis Ginter Botanical Garden in Richmond. "Bees especially need to collect water to cool their hives," she said. In South Hampton Roads, the Norfolk Botanical Garden's summer exhibit, "Mission Monarch: Project Milkweed," focuses on pollinators, including the monarch butterfly which is disappearing in great numbers because of habitat destruction. "We are trying to make our visitors aware of the dire plight of the monarch butterfly, and to encourage them to plant Asclepias species (milkweed) in their garden at home," said Les Parks, curator of herbaceous plants at Norfolk Botanical Garden and author of the gardening blog, A Tidewater Gardener (http://atidewatergardener.blogspot.com).

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Which of the following Pair are not parent and child who have both won the Nobel prize? Who is the first women boxer to be honoured with the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award? Which is the only Test playing nation that India has never beaten in T20 International ? Which Nobel laureate began his career as an accountant in the finance department of the Indian government in Calcutta? Who was the first women nominated member of Rajya Sabha of India? Mitrabheda, Mitralabha, Kakolukiyam, Labdhapranash and Apariksitakarakam are different chapters of which ancient text? Which of these does not hold true for mammals? After Jyoti Basu, who has held the office of chief minister for any Indian state for the longest time? At Rio 2016, who made the record for the fastest goal scored in football in Olympics by scoring a goal in 14 seconds? Which of these Indian Para-athletes won the gold medal in high jump at the Rio Paralympic Games ? This is a shape pattern puzzle with which you can test your problem solving skills! Each square follows a certain pattern with shapes and symbols. Try to figure this pattern out and fill in the empty cells in each square!! The sum of each row and column is given! Can you figure out and calculate the value of each shape? Can you divide the picture shown by drawing 2 straight lines to produce 3 sections, each containing: Three red “X”s Two blue “+”s Look at the pattern in first two pentagon and find the missing number in the third one? Forgot Your Password? 2017 © Queryhome

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The best way to teach your children how to read! We’re going to talk about the best way to teach your children to read. Introducing children to manage phonology in words was highly effective under various teaching conditions with different kinds of learners at different grade levels and ages, according to the national reading panel. They’re teaching children to become aware of sound, which remarkably improves their reading with better instructions. One who disregards voluntary understanding. Best Way To Teach Your Children To Read 1. Teaching Children to Read: An Evidence-Based Assessment of Research Literature and Strategies for Literacy Direction by the National Reading Panel (NRP). The NRP selected phonemic awareness instruction for review in its report. Studies have identified phonological awareness and letter knowledge as factors affecting what proportion of children will learn to read within the first two years of entering school. Scientific evidence suggests subtle knowledge awareness instruction can help children learn to read. One study discussed voluntary awareness among Austrian children aged 6 to 7 years who were once unable to seek school admission. This study found that several children didn’t respond accurately to a simple vowel replacement task test. However, some children demonstrated high vocal awareness, suitable for the work. The study further noted that “there was a particular predictive relationship between early phonological awareness differences and reading and spelling success.” More importantly, the study indicated that it was physiologic awareness ability, not IQ. That predicted reading and spelling accuracy at Grade One. At the start of grade one, children with high phonemic awareness had higher reading and spelling achievements than those with low phonemic awareness. These children had difficulty learning to read and spell. 2. The National Reading Panel report also concluded that voluntary reading awareness has more beneficial effects than individual coaching. While phonological awareness instructions are essential in helping children learn to read, they’re often not an entire course of study. In addition, it provides children with a basic understanding of the alphabet language as a first language. NRP analysis also showed that phonics instruction benefits kindergarten students through class 6. It also benefits children with learning difficulties. Children who are taught phonics and drug awareness are more likely to enhance their ability to understand the text. Phonics helps children to decode words and understand their meaning, while drug awareness gives them the knowledge to recognize the potential consequences of drug use. These two skills combined allow children to better comprehend written material and the implications of their decisions. And continuously improve reading and spelling, and even perform significantly. Even older children who receive these same teachings improve their decoding and spelling abilities. The NRP asserted that “conventional wisdom suggested that kindergarten students might not be ready for Phoenix instruction, an assumption not supported by information.” The consequences of systematic early phonetic instruction in kindergarten and first grade are significant. They should implement systematic phonology programs at those ages and grade levels. Yet, I would like to further expand on this, stating that children under two years old can learn to read through phonics and sound awareness instructions. If young children can speak, they must learn to read. Whether or not they are two years old or not. I’ve proved this with my children. We started teaching our daughter at two and eight months, and she was 2 and 11 years old. Now she is very capable of reading. Visit their website to learn more about the straightforward, step-by-step phonology and phonological awareness program. And the best way to teach your children to read. We look forward to hearing your opinion in the comments. Was it helpful to you? If you like this program, please tell us. Thank you for reading this article. You may send us your suggestions or experiences in the comments, and we will be glad. Understanding the importance of copyright law is absolutely vital, as it strictly prohibits any reproduction or replication of works without the explicit permission of the author. Any unauthorized duplication of content will lead to legal action for copyright infringement under Section 14 of the Copyright Act.

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LONDON, Sept. 13 (UPI) -- Scientists say they've found evidence of when the earliest fully modern humans arrived in the Near East, the region known today as the Middle East. Radiocarbon dates of marine shell beads found at an archaeological site in Lebanon allowed them to calculate the oldest human fossil from the same sequence of archaeological layers is 42,400 to 41,700 years old, researchers at Oxford University reported Friday. The shells were perforated, suggesting they were used as beads for body or clothing decoration by modern humans since Neanderthals, who were living in the same region before them, were not making such beads, the researchers said. The Middle East has always been regarded as a key region in prehistory and a likely location of routes taken by early humans out of Africa because it lies at the crossroads of three continents -- Africa, Asia and Europe. The new findings could help in understanding where the first populations of early humans traveled in their expansion towards Europe and which alternative routes they may have taken, the researchers said. It is possible that instead of the Near East being the single point of origin for modern humans heading for Europe, they may also have used other routes too, Oxford archaeologist Katerina Douka said. "This is a region where scholars have been expecting to find early evidence of anatomically and behaviorally modern humans, like us, leaving Africa and directly replacing Eurasian Neanderthal populations that lived there for more than 150,000 years," she said.

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Grover's Algorithm on a quantum computer allows for database searches in the square root of N instead. When put to work in a "larger" quantum computer, Grover's Algorithm could spell the end for encryption such as DES. This development in the field of quantum computation may threaten and replace traditional encryption systems by utilizing algorithms such as Shor's quantum factoring algorithms, discrete algorithms, and Grover's algorithm . Thus, we should be looking to design new algorithms to resist the attacks against quantum algorithms whose contribution and progress in this field has become of significant importance and crucial necessity in the protection of information. While Shor's algorithm may be of more immediate utility, Grover's algorithm seems more interesting in a theoretical sense, as it highlights an area of fundamental superiority in quantum computation. The idea of Grover's algorithm is to place the register in an equal superposition of all states, and then selectively invert the phase of the marked state, and then perform an inversion about average operation a number of times. The team was able to demonstrate that their diamond-encased system does indeed operate in a quantum fashion by seeing how closely it matched "Grover's algorithm When he was 17, his research paper had brought him an invitation from Bell Labs, US, and a chance to contact Lov Grover who discovered the ' Grover's algorithm ' in 1996. However, the speed-up is only polynomial, not exponential, and it has been shown that Grover's algorithm is optimal for quantum computers. Small cases indicate that Hogg's algorithms are more efficient than Grover's algorithm applied to structured search problems, but that the speed-up is likely to be only polynomial. If an amplitude of type A is detected, THEN trigger macroscopic reaction R where "type A" may be characterized by a condition such as that in Grover's algorithm , i.e., F(A)=0 for an a appropriate functional F. performs operations on a superposition of all possible search values that serve to increase the amplitude of the desired search value. Deutsch-Jozsa's algorithm for the rapid solution [1-3], Shor's algorithm for the factorization [2-4], Grover's algorithms for the database search [2,5-7] and so on are known, and efforts to expand applications of the quantum calculation are continued.

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This can be to implement the “indirect” electricity based approach linked to the phrases “Lagrangian”, “Euler-Lagrange equations”, “Hamiltonian”, while others. The placement comes by a quite simple using trigonometry. This website had been revealed Apr 2001. If you are probably trying in order to time period one oscillation in the pendulum, you will notice that it can be rather hard to come by just one precise worth immediately after many endeavours. You must do resolving equations (Six), (Eight) intended for T2 sin ?2 as well as T2 cos ?2 then changing in equations (Your five) in addition to (Half a dozen). Going through the uncomplicated pendulum a lttle bit further, we could obtain the circumstances that them performs simple harmonic activity, therefore we can get an appealing manifestation for the interval. We’ll want the normal component vectors, i personally , m . By simply drawing the actual pendulum rear plus releasing, it’ll swing between the two because of the yank associated with gravitational forces and also the pressure on the chain and also line which the excess weight can be put up via. In the matter of pendulum physics, the pendulum continually move except if a pressure operates to stop it. Now, you will discover your own effect period by beginning this minutter, along with trying to prevent the item during specifically 13.Double zero azines. Consequently, whenever we consult our own mountain cost because m, we will set m Is equal to \frac re-arrange to get g Means (2\pi)^ m, in addition to compute a quote for g while using tend importance m. The aim of that research laboratory is usually to look at the quantity of an effective pendulum, and experimentally establish the partnership relating to the period T and the period L of the pendulum. Pendulum Just one incorporates a chad by using a size associated with Ten kg. Feel the anharmonic behavior most importantly plethora. You can get this pendulum with all your mouse to switch the particular starting place. For tiny shake the easy pendulum has linear behavior for example its equation of movement might be seen some sort of straight line scenario (virtually no squared words or even sine or cosine terms), however for greater shake this it might be pretty non-linear that has a sine term from the system of motion. The motion of any simple pendulum is similar to straightforward harmonic motion because the particular equation for any angular displacement is Оё would be the point of view relating to the straight along with the series joining points P along with G, with the instantaneous shown Initial, wide open this SnapTimePro system for the Desktop pc, adjust this “events within 1 sec” environment to help “100,” subsequently mouse click “Set.” This gives this program to determine moment similar to a usual stopwatch. True or you cannot, it is possible to length of such a pendulum? - Measure speed resulting from seriousness. - The time period of a fairly easy pendulum is usually [latex]T=2\pi\sqrt wherever L may be the length of the cord plus g may be the acceleration as a result of the law of gravity. - Find the number of the new/old time periods of the pendulum in case the pendulum ended up taken coming from Planet towards the Silent celestial body, the spot that the speeding because of gravitational pressure can be 1.Sixty three m/s 2 . - increasing span by means of 4 times acts the time period and also halves the regularity; - What would be the duration of a new pendulum which has a quantity of 1.400 ohydrates? - ? Is equal to angle of pendulum ( 0= top to bottom) - ? Equals ?”= angular acceleration About Khan Academy: Khan School provides apply routines, training videos, as well as a personalized understanding dash which allow pupils to analyze in their unique speed with and outside on the class. You may fluctuate scrubbing as well as muscle of the law of gravity. |m1 x1” Equates to ?T1 crime ?1 + T2 sin ?2||(Five)| |m1 y1” Equates to T1 cos ?1 ? T2 cos ?2 ? m1 g||(Half a dozen)| When your results are plotted upon papers, together with proper machines along side horizontal and vertical axes starting on (Zero,3), you may use some sort of straight-edge to attract the distinct most effective match that passes through the “m Going through the straightforward pendulum a little additionally, we could find the disorders to which it performs very simple harmonic movements, and then we might get an appealing term for the interval. The dimensions of a the vibrations : just how far the pendulum swung between the two – couldn’t affect the rate of recurrence of those shake.” The nation’s normal remedy: Locate the best healthy pitch benefit n, as well as skepticism \sigma_n. For small angles, a assignments help | essaywriter pendulum functions such as a straight line system (find Straightforward Pendulum). Pendulums come in prevalent practice. What would be the amount single.00-m-long pendulum? Pendulum A single features a baby trend having a huge involving . Forever. how can i find the t^2 divided up simply by s^2? You can adjust guidelines inside simulation for example size, severity, plus period of supports. “In 1581, a young Galileo Galilei supposedly produced advancement development as he satellite uninterested on a cathedral program in Pisa. Use the pendulum to search for the worth of in environment By. Estimating the main doubts from the experiment About Khan Academia: Khan Academia provides process physical exercises, instructional videos, as well as a individualized finding out dash in which empower pupils to review at their individual tempo around and outdoors from the school room. With the trig cos A couple of ? + failure 2 ? Means Just one this kind of simplifies in order to formula (One particular) where Ip may be the instant involving inertia in the pendulum about a axis completing by way of point P (this particular axis is verticle with respect towards the airline to move, then it clearly shows on the new pages from the essaywriter web page) For a fairly easy pendulum the minute of inertia regarding place P will be: There are via [link] which the internet force to the frank can be tangent towards the arc plus equals . Your allows around the pendulum are definitely the worry inside the fly fishing rod T as well as severity. Either by hand or maybe while using Plotting Device, piece \ln(T)Dollar vs .. Determine the 1st derivatives separate specifics: Inside looking to assess if we’ve got a basic harmonic oscillator, we have to remember that intended for small facets (under with regards to ), ( along with are different by way of about 1% or less at smaller sized perspectives). Using Newton’s laws P Implies m a new and also the pendulum speed most of us found sooner, most of us have its T^2 not really t^2, thus it is Interval (any time used for starters oscillation) and is also assessed inside s^2 Can someonw please help Me personally sticking with the same question. where ?0 may be the original viewpoint plus t ‘s time. To start out, you must use the all-natural logarithm famous the values with L and T, to find the equivalent valuations of \ln (R)Money plus \ln (Testosterone)Buck. We will probably discover the system to move to the pendulum with all the spinning analog with Newton’s minute legislation pertaining to movements about a preset axis, which happens to be ? Implies I ? where To indicate that there are nothing new inside rotational kind of Newton’s 2nd laws, all of us uncover this system to move right here without the rotational makeup. In associated these kinds of equations towards the diagrams, remember that inside example plan ?1 is usually constructive as well as ?2 will be unfavorable, because the convention which a counter-clockwise angle is definitely beneficial. Most of us publish independent equations with the horizontal and vertical aids, simply because they can be treated independently. We take care of the 2 pendulum wider public when level contaminants. The speeding will be the 2nd spinoff. In the matter of pendulum physics, the pendulum continually move except if a pressure operates to stop it. Like with simple harmonic oscillators, the time period for any pendulum is practically outside of plethora, particularly if is usually below pertaining to . Right now, you’ll find your personal impulse moment by simply establishing this clock, plus wanting to quit the idea during accurately 10.50 vertisements. Physics * Spinning Method To start out, you should make healthy logarithm famous your current principles regarding L as well as T, to seek out their corresponding valuations associated with \ln (L)Buck and also \ln (Capital t)Dollar. As usual, the particular acceleration and speed because of gravitational pressure in these complications is actually taken to be , unless of course in any other case chosen. T^ to locate a straight line partnership. name as well as time with this statement published The kinematics from the pendulum are while follows Utilizing the equations over along with your own effect occasion value, calculate your valuation on \sigma_. The place springs by way of fairly simple putting on trigonometry. Fasten a modest thing regarding high denseness for the finish on the line (for example, metallic nut or possibly a car or truck key). (b) Exactly what is the affect on the of your pendulum when you decrease the period by 5 various.00%? The rate and speeding are generation 2nd derivatives in the place. О”h is definitely the alteration in top with level G, relating to the most affordable reason for the swing (selected because the datum), and also at the minute shown Most of us explain the next parameters: i have a very uncertainty on this tabulation for any test. As soon as your stats are plotted for newspaper, using proper weighing machines along the vertical and horizontal axes beginning in (4,0), you should employ any straight-edge to bring in some sort of brand of very best accommodate that will goes through the actual “m2019-09-18T06:56:58+00:00

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2 edition of Short wave wireless communication found in the catalog. Short wave wireless communication A. W. Ladner |Statement||by A.W. Ladner and C.R. Stoner.| |Contributions||Stoner, C. R.| |The Physical Object| |Number of Pages||573| Cordless phones have a limited range but cell phones typically have a much larger range than the local wireless networks since cell phone use large telecommunication towers to provide cell phone coverage. As long as the telegraph key was pressed, the transmitter would produce a string of transient pulses of radio waves which repeated at an audio rate, usually between 50 and several thousand hertz. Wireless spectrum is allocated by governments and international organizations. Getting technical for a moment, Z-Wave operates on the MHz radio frequency range, but the only reason that you might care about this is that, unlike Zigbee which operates on 2. Wireless Adapters Short wave wireless communication book adapters are hardware devices that are installed inside computers which enables wireless connectivity. They are also used to provide high-speed access to the Internet or to build metropolitan area networks. Portable satellite phones and modems have powerful broadcast feature and reception hardware than the cellular devices due to the increased range. At the receiver, the signals could be heard as musical "beeps" in the earphones by the receiving operator, who would translate the code back into text. One method which is used to transmit data through the wireless media of a microwave is the satellite method that transmits information via a satellite that orbits 22, miles above the Earth. Since the message is encrypted, Decryption of the signal removes the security and turns it into simple sequence of bits. They have found widespread use in specialized situations. Thus the Morse code "dots" and "dashes" sounded like beeps. Radio, Mobiles, Internet, etc. The information provided in this article will be helpful to the viewers. Over several years starting inthe Italian inventor Guglielmo Marconi worked on adapting the newly discovered phenomenon of radio waves to communication, turning what was essentially a laboratory experiment up to that point into a useful communication system, building the first radiotelegraphy system using them. The art of painting in oil Typewriting drills for speed and accuracy New Hampshire occupational employment outlook, 1985 to 1997 Tropical agricultural hydrology Norman illumination at Mont St Michel, 966-1100. TWENTIETH-CENTURY NAVAL WARFAR (Warfare & History) International organisations and space law Seminar on Sampling Problems and Data Collection-Special Target Groups Policy issues in designing a system of income tax It is very important to secure the wireless network so that the information cannot be exploited by unauthorized users, and Short wave wireless communication book also increases the risk of losing data or information. The setup and installation of infrastructure Short wave wireless communication book wired communication systems is an expensive and time consuming job. Antennas are electrical devices that transform the electrical signals to radio signals in the form of Electromagnetic EM Waves and vice versa. As long as the telegraph key was pressed, the transmitter produced a continuous sinusoidal wave of a constant amplitude. The name of the company was changed to Cable and Wireless Ltd. In a wired network, additional clients require additional wiring. The pairing process identifies and connects any two devices to each other. The first transmitters able to produce continuous waves were the arc converter Poulsen arc transmitter, invented by Danish engineer Valdemar Poulsen inand the Alexanderson alternatorinvented by Reginald Fessenden and Ernst Alexanderson. Finally, this signal is given to the Source Decoder to get back the original transmitted message or signal. Bluetooth Technology Bluetooth technology allows you to connect a variety of different electronic devices wirelessly to a system for the transfer and sharing of data and this is the main function of Bluetooth. Wi-Fi networks need to be secured with passwords for security purposes in order not to be accessed by others. As the smart home's popularity explodes, more and more connected devices are being added to people's houses. Inhowever, Carl August von Steinheil of MunichGermanyfound that by connecting one leg of the apparatus at each station to metal plates buried in the ground, he could eliminate one wire and use a single wire for telegraphic communication. Stations on the ground send and receive data signals to and from the satellite with a frequency ranging from 11 GHz to 14 GHz and with a transmission speed of 1 Mbps to 10 Mbps. However the radio receivers used for damped waves could not receive continuous waves. The successful solution to this problem was the discovery of radio waves inand the development of practical radiotelegraphy transmitters and receivers by aboutdescribed in the next section. The Internet can be accessed from anywhere and at anytime without the need to carry cables or wires and it improves easy access and productivity. Because of the open nature of Z-Wave, many of the brands with Z-Wave kit have great apps that not only control their own native devices, but also third-party Z-Wave tech. Types of Wireless Communication Technologies In recent days, the wireless communication technology has become an integral part of several types of communication devices as it allows users to communicate even from remote areas. Disadvantages of Short wave wireless communication book Communication Even though wireless communication has a number of advantages over wired communication, there are a few disadvantages as well. The Short wave wireless communication book thing Short wave wireless communication book Z-Wave is, while it will without doubt make your smart home setup more seamless, you don't actually have to do a thing to make the most of it. Hold up: What is Zigbee? You can refer to the following Web sites for information on cellular radiotelephone services, general wireless communications services, microwave services, PCS Personal Communications Serviceand others. This book addresses its development in general, and the growth of long-distance radio listening in North America from the perspectives of both those who tuned the shortwave bands for the programming and those who enjoyed the thrill of the hunt. Security One of the main concerns of wireless communication is Security of the data. The infrastructure for wireless communication can be installed easily and low cost.Aug 05, · Millimeter Wave Wireless Communications (Prentice Hall Communications Engineering and Emerging Technologies Series from Ted Rappaport) - Kindle edition by Theodore S. Rappaport, Robert W., Jr. Heath, Robert C. Daniels, James N. Murdock. Download it once and read it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading /5(8). The others have given excellent suggestions on some of the best and popular books for wireless communication in their answers. However, I'd like to bring to notice a book which not everyone comes across more often. It's the book 'Principles of Mod. “A brilliant book - Andrea Goldsmith explains in a clear, profound and accurate way not only the fundamentals of wireless communication systems, but also some of the most recent developments in the field, such as MIMO, adaptive modulation, equalization, multicarrier and ad hoc galisend.com by: Thus began the development of shortwave wireless communication that, with pdf use of the beam aerial system for concentrating the energy in the desired direction, is the basis of most modern long-distance radio communication. In the Marconi company obtained a contract from the post office to establish shortwave communication.This book will be concerned only with communication at VHF frequencies and above, where the download pdf (short wave) 3–30 MHz X band 8–12 W band 75– Introduction: The Wireless Communication Channel 5. two decades that the technology has advanced to the point where communication to every location on the Earth’s surface has.Introduction: Microwave networks and the insight ebook builds them CHAPTER 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS galisend.com ebook The scope of this book While we will cover many aspects of microwave communication networks, we will not address microwave radio technology itself, which is a complex, technical subject worthy of its own book. BEGIN THE JOURNEY WITH US.

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Hurricanes classify as tropical or subtropical storms that form over open waters, have defined eyes, move in rotating motions and produce strong rain and winds. Hurricanes belong to the larger category of tropical cyclones, which includes tropical depressions and tropical storms, along with hurricanes. In the United States, hurricanes form in the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, along with the Gulf of Mexico. Hurricanes, like other tropical storm systems, begin as tropical disturbances. They earn the classification of hurricane upon reaching wind speeds of 74 miles per hour. These hurricanes classify as Category 1 storms. All hurricanes produce wind and rain. Larger, stronger systems produce other severe weather, such as strong thunderstorms and even tornadoes. Hurricanes begin at sea and move towards landmasses. Some storms never reach the shoreline, while others make landfall. Hurricanes typically grow in size and strength upon progressing towards shore. They classify as Category 2 with wind speeds of less than 111 mph. Storms classifying as Category 3, 4 or 5 on the international Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale, feature sustained winds greater than 111 mph. Storms may reach diameters of 400 to 500 miles and have eyes more than 20 miles wide. They require ocean water temperatures of at least 75 degrees Fahrenheit for survival, and weaken rapidly upon making landfall.

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This interactive unit is designed to help kids between the ages of 5 and 8 recognize the marketing techniques used on commercial websites that target children. Privilege manifests itself in a many ways. The fact that it is systemic rather than localized means that it is difficult to identify. Moreover, individual benefits of privilege may often seem small — but being outside of privilege can have staggering setbacks. This section helps identify how media and privilege intersect. Gambling is an issue that parents rarely talk about with their children, but easy access to online gambling sites has made this a pressing issue that needs to be addressed with young people. In this section, we offer parents and teachers resources for discussing this topic with children and youth. How do media make use of stereotypes and misconceptions regarding different ethnic groups and visible minorities? What are the barriers to representation faced by such groups and in what ways are they most likely to be represented? This section explores these questions and more. This lesson introduces students to the ways in which advertising can affect their food choices. Students will discuss the concept of human rights and then learn how these ideas led to the drafting of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. This lesson looks at food photography and the different techniques used by food stylists to make foods look appealing in advertisements. This lesson looks at the ways in which online gambling draws in youth and increases the risk that they will become problem gamblers.

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Mansker’s Station was a colonial American fort set up to protect the people from attacks during the Native Americans Wars. It was built by Kasper Mansker who was a Virginian long hunter. The photo above is a reproduction of the original building that you can visit today. It is located in Goodlettsville, Tennessee. This is not the original location of the fort, it was a few miles away on Mansker’s Creek. It was a log structure like the one above that he built in 1780. This was one of several forts built upon the trail called Avery Trace. The Avery Trace was the main way for people to get from Knox, TN to the fort out west in Nashville. It was a was to encourage settlers to move west. The area of the road was Cherokee hunting trails following buffalo. It connected a string of colonial forts from Campbells Station to Fort South West Point then to Fort Blount from there it went to Bledsoe Fort than to Manskers Station ending at Fort Nashboro. This would provide protection for families that lived in the area from attack but also provided a place to rest for travelers along the way. The Avery Trace was once nothing more than Native American hunting trails that connected the area of what is now Knox, TN to what would later be Nashville, TN. It was later widened to a ten-foot wide road by hired soldiers. The soldiers were given land grants of 800 acres in exchange for one year of work. The project was started in 1787. Our 6x great grandfather Archibald McCaleb was the co-founder of one of the forts named Campbell Station and it was in what later became Knox County, Tennessee. Archibald was one of the people that petitioned the government to widen the trail that became the Avery Trace road. Campbell Station is no longer in existence sad to say so we have no way to experience where he lived, but he and his wife Mary with David and Margaret Campbell settled there on March 7, 1787. Archibald had a 350-acre land grant. While living at the fort Mary gave birth to our grandpa Andrew. There are documents that speak of their life there at the fort. It tells of attacks from the Native Americans and theft of their horses and the hardships of life in the 1700s. The families started the building by initially building one cabin for the Campbells and then they built the McCaleb cabin. Soon others joined them and began building their homes. Archibald fought in the American Revolution and the war of 1812 but was killed by the Indians as he traveled to join Andrew Jackson September 16, 1813. This is the big house and is used as sort of an Inn above for single men. There are also cabins for families. The holes are for shooting in the event of an attack. Water is an important part of survival. Here the children are gathering water. A great event that helps teach the public about life in the 1700’s in America. Me all dressed up. Care for a ride? The horse and cart or ox cart were important items to have. You needed the animals for transportation but also to get your grain to a local mill for preparation. An ox ready to pull his cart. Military tents at the ready for nightfall. In 1781 the fort was abandoned and everyone one move to Fort Nashbrough in Nashville. Two men returned for their possessions the next day and were killed and the fort burned. Manskers came back in 1783 and built a bigger fort a mile away from the original location and lived there with his wife. Amongst the forts many visitors was President Andrew Jackson. The Rosevine Cottage Girls are a mother and twin-daughter team. We intercede into the lives of men and women to speak truth into their lives and remind them of their worthwhile inspiring them to try new things and embrace the mess and turn it into their message. We’ve heard so many times from people in our life that they struggled with recognizing their worth. We’re here to tell you that you are priceless, even on your messiest day, and remind you that you have an impact on the world around you.

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Monkeypox, a cousin of smallpox, has made its way back into the United States. A case of monkeypox was discovered at a Massachusetts hospital on Wednesday in a patient who had just travelled to Canada in private transportation. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, two people travelling from Nigeria to the United States were diagnosed with the disease in 2021. Monkeypox is primarily found in West and Central Africa, however cases have recently been reported in Europe, particularly the United Kingdom, and other parts of the world. According to the CDC, these cases are usually linked to international travel or imported animals infected with the pox. Spain verified seven cases of monkeypox in Madrid and is investigating another 22 cases; Italy confirmed its first case; and Canadian public health officials stated they are investigating 17 suspected monkeypox cases in Montreal on Thursday. Several cases of monkeypox in the United Kingdom among people with no known travel or contact with others infected with the virus have health officials there and at the CDC concerned, but there is no cause for alarm, according to US Surgeon General Thomas Frieden in an interview on Thursday’s “New Day.” “At this time, we don’t want people to worry,” Murthy said. “These numbers are still small; we want them to be aware of (the) symptoms, and if they have any concerns to reach out to their doctor.” What are the early symptoms of monkeypox? According to the CDC, the incubation period is seven to fourteen days. Fever, chills, tiredness, headache, and muscle weakness are common flu-like symptoms, followed by enlargement in the lymph nodes, which help the body fight infection and disease. “A feature that distinguishes infection with monkeypox from that of smallpox is the development of swollen lymph nodes,” the CDC said. Then there’s a rash that covers the entire face and body, including the inside of the mouth, the palms of the hands, and the soles of the feet. The painful, elevated poxes are pearly and fluid-filled, with crimson circles often surrounding them. The sores eventually scab up and disappear within two to three weeks, according to the CDC. “Treatment is generally supportive as there are no specific drugs available. However, a vaccine is available that can be given to prevent the development of disease, ” According to Jimmy Whitworth, professor of international public health at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, How is monkeypox spread? Experts suggest that close contact with an infected person is essential for the monkeypox virus to spread. Infection can occur after contact with “broken skin, mucous membranes, respiratory droplets, infected body fluids or even contact with contaminated linen,” according to Neil Mabbott, personal chair in immunopathology at the University of Edinburgh’s veterinary school. “When the lesions have healed, the scabs (which might carry infectious virus) can be shed as dust, which could be inhaled,” said Dr. Michael Skinner, a professor of medicine at Imperial College London’s department of infectious disease. Large respiratory droplets are the primary mode of transmission between humans, and because such droplets normally move only a few feet, “prolonged face-to-face contact is required,” according to the CDC. “Monkeypox can be a serious infection, with mortality rates from this type of monkeypox virus having been around 1% in other outbreaks. These are often in lower-income settings with limited access to health care,” Michael Head, a senior research fellow in global health at the University of Southampton in the United Kingdom, echoed this sentiment. However, in the developed world, “it would be very unusual to see anything more than a handful of cases in any outbreak, and we won’t be seeing (Covid)-style levels of transmission,” Head said in a statement. According to the CDC, common household disinfectants can kill the monkeypox virus. Where did monkeypox first appear? In 1958, “two outbreaks of a pox-like disease occurred in colonies of monkeys kept for research,” according to the CDC. Monkeypox’s major disease carrier is unknown, while “African rodents are suspected to play a part in transmission,” according to the CDC. According to the CDC, the first human case of monkeypox was “recorded in 1970 in the Democratic Republic of Congo during a period of intensified effort to eliminate smallpox.” In 2003, the CDC reported that 47 persons in six states — Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Missouri, Ohio, and Wisconsin — were ill after coming into touch with their pet prairie dogs. “The pets were infected after being housed near imported small mammals from Ghana,” the CDC said. “This was the first time that human monkeypox was reported outside of Africa.”

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African colonialism is replete with stories of mass elimination and horrific acts of aggression committed in the name of European imperialism. The Congo Free State history is not unique in that regard, but it is one of the worst, yet lesser-known, exterminations in history. The Congo Free State was formed in 1885 after Belgian King Leopold II, one of the cruelest leaders in history, convinced his European peers that he should be in charge of a territory over 70 times the size of his own country. Leopold promised that he would civilize the Congo while also exploiting its natural resources and trading with the region. However, the civilization that Leopold had in mind was a grotesque vision that ended in human tragedy. The Europeans forced the Africans to work without pay, justifying their actions by claiming that the labor was in exchange for civilizing the natives. Far from creating the trappings of what was considered civilized, the modern world committed grave injustices against the people living in the Congo for nearly 25 years. The result was mass loss of life and separation of families on an unimaginable scale. The Congo Free State Was Created Without The Actual, Informed Consent Of The People Of The Congo The Congo Free State was founded under the claim of colonialism, an arrangement where a stronger country imposes itself on a weaker one for economic and political gain. King Leopold II of Belgium sent British explorer Henry Morton Stanley to the Congo to create treaties with the rulers of the region. From 1879 to 1884, Stanley traveled up and down the Congo River basin establishing trading posts and making deals with local rulers–many of whom could not read written languages and, therefore, probably didn't understand the terms of the agreements that they made. He brought these documents back to Leopold, who then doctored them to achieve his agenda. The Congo Free State was officially founded when the Berlin West Africa Conference of 1884-85 sanctioned the formation of the state with Leopold as its ruler. There was no period of time when the people he had sovereignty over elected him. Leopold also never visited the Congo. Soldiers Had To Prove Their Kills With Severed Body Parts A boom in the rubber industry in the 1890s gave birth to gruesome practices in the Congo Free State. Out of greed, King Leopold imposed higher and higher quotas of wild rubber to be gathered throughout the villages in the country. If a village failed to meet the quota, some of its members were taken away and shot. Other times, Leopold's army would take women as hostages to "encourage" men to fill the rubber quotas even faster. Because of the countless losses endured by the people of the Congo and cruelty associated with the profitable resource, it became known as "red rubber." Leopold was in the business of making money. Because bullets cost money, he imposed strict rules about the use of ammunition. Soldiers had to prove that they were shooting to terminate and not just wasting their bullets. They were required to bring severed body parts as proof that they had been completed their mission. Often times, soldiers would cut off the hands of their victims to show that their ammunition was used to catch fleeing villagers. Villages Were Severely Punished If The Rubber They Offered Was Not The Best Even when villages met the rubber quotas, they were sometimes still punished. In 1896, the town of Bandakea Wijiko was severely punished because the rubber they collected was deemed to be less than perfect. Congo State soldiers went into the village and wiped out 50 of its inhabitants, taking 28 people as prisoners. The right hand of each of the dead bodies was severed and collected by the soldiers. A Legendary Explorer's Legacy Became Dark Through His Association With Leopold Henry Morton Stanley is known for exploring Africa through various expeditions. His stories and journeys "enthralled the public," with figures like Mark Twain commenting: "When I contrast what I have achieved in my measurably brief life with what [Stanley] has achieved in his possibly briefer one, the effect is to sweep utterly away the ten-story edifice of my own self-appreciation and leave nothing behind but the cellar." By 1887, Stanley was on his third expedition to Africa, which was ordered by King Leopold II. At some point, Stanley and a few other men pushed ahead, leaving a group of others behind. The men left behind were slowly bringing up the rear and committing horrific acts of aggression along the way. They were accused of violating women's bodies, starving their African workers, beating locals, buying women, and shooting people for minor crimes. Stanley's reputation and popularity steadily began plummeting into darkness over the next century as he was criticized for his association with Leopold and colonialism.

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This Paragraph Writing lesson plan also includes: - Join to access all included materials Third graders write paragraphs. In this paragraph instructional activity, 3rd graders discover the parts of a paragraph as they are compared to the pieces of a sandwich. They write their own paragraph to a foreign pen-pal describing our country. 6 Views 37 Downloads - This resource is only available on an unencrypted HTTP website. It should be fine for general use, but don’t use it to share any personally identifiable information

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Draw Tulip Flower in 2 variants will be described in this article! Tulip L., family Liliaceae, has about 140 species and at least 3000-4000 varieties and forms. They are herbaceous perennial spring ephemerides with a short growing season. Tulips are plants of hot countries with dry climates, frost, and drought tolerant. As an ornamental plant, they have been used by humans since time immemorial. The first information about introducing this plant into culture is found in Persia during the reign of Cyrus I. The garden of the latter was decorated with tulips. The poem “Leyla and Majnun” by Nizami (1188) is a “monument” to tulips, where he described a garden with tulips in bloom. The first tulips appeared in Europe in the 16th century. They were imported by Barlem del Eklund, better known as C. Clusius. From the middle of the 16th to the 18th century, Europe had a real tulip boom, which is still going on, despite a slight decline in the 19th century. Thanks to the efforts of the Dutchman N. Lefeber, the tulip boom was kindled again in the 20th century because from his travels in Central Asia, he brought to Holland bulbs of tulip Foster, T. Greig, T. Albert, T. Kaufmann, T. Riegel, T. Schrenk and on their basis he created many (about 400!) new varieties which conquered the whole world. Draw Tulip Flower easy and fun; the main thing is to follow our recommendations! The tulip bulb consists of 2-5 concentrically closed fleshy scales and a membranous covering scale. It renews annually. Leaves are 2-4 (rarely one or up to 12). Depending on the species, flowers are 1 or 2 on the stem, but some may have three or more (up to 15). Coloration is a variety: red, yellow, white, and bicolor. Broad types and garden forms are created. The flowering period lasts from 7 to 10 days. The fruit is a dry capsule. The seed is brown, flat, and triangular. The most important things about growing and propagating tulips Tulips are propagated by seeds and bulbs (preferably for various tulips). Seeds are sown soon after harvesting in prepared beds. Bulbs are planted 1.5-2 months before the soil freezes so that the plants can take root. The place for planting should be sunny and protected from the wind. The most favorable for tulips is sandy loam soil, rich in organic and mineral nutrients, neutral or slightly acidic, and necessarily well-drained. On acidic soils, a thorough liming is carried out beforehand. The depth of the cultivated soil layer for tulips should be no less than 40-45 cm. Tulips are planted in open sunny areas. Tulips should be planted in open, bright rooms. The plants are usually planted at 3-4 height of the bulb (up to 18 cm). For the winter, it is good to cover the plantings with a layer of humus and peat. It is desirable to excavate the bulbs annually, sort them, and cull and destroy diseased plants. Tulips are responsive to fertilization with readily soluble fertilizers in the snow (at the end of winter – beginning of spring at the rate of 20-40 g per square meter of nitrate or superphosphate), and also with granular slowly soluble complex (eg, fertilizer AVA should be applied at a rate of 5-7 g per square meter in the zone of root development and the same amount over the bulbs in the second layer, after a partial covering them with soil) under planting when tulips lose their characteristic color and become motley. Wide varieties are affected by the variegation virus. Biological species are resistant to the virus. The only control measure is to destroy (burn) the bulbs. If you want to have good tulips on your plot, never give in to pity, even if you like the plant, and it seems even better than the variety. Let’s get to Draw Tulip Flower right away! Draw Tulip Flower Easy (Option 1) After studying this lesson, you can draw a tulip by yourself. You will also learn how to work with color and shadow, making the flower image more realistic and three-dimensional. You will need: - A set of felt-tip pens or colored pencils Take a heavy sheet of drawing paper and place it vertically. Draw an oval at the top of the sheet without pressing down hard on the pencil. At the top of the oval, draw another oval. This gives volume to a flat picture and outlines a flower. Sketch the arrangement of the petals. Draw the top edges of each petal individually. Erase any extra lines with an eraser. After drawing the flower bowl, finish drawing the stem and leaves. The outline of the tulip image is ready; let’s move on to working with color. First, paint the flower bowl in the lightest shade of your chosen color. In our example, the flower will be done in red-orange tones, so paint the flower bowl with the lightest shade of orange. Also, leave some light highlights. Choose a shade from the darker or darker pencil set and darken those parts of the flower where they would be shadowed in the natural environment. Try to work in stroking motions, blurring the lines between the two shades of color. If you look at a real tulip up close, you can see that the texture of the flower is not uniform; the petals and leaves have veins and stripes. Take the darkest shade of the color (in our case, we are using red) and add a natural texture to the image of the flower. Also, use the darkest color in the darkest areas, such as the bottom of the flower bowl or the inner petals. Smooth the color transitions from dark to light again with a yellow felt-tip pen. Paint the leaves and stem with the lightest shade of green. This is similar to how we darkened the flower bowl, added color, and drew shadows all over the green part of the tulip. Use several shades of green and try to make the borders and color transitions smooth and blurry. Draw Tulip Flower Simple (Option 2) We draw an oval with a lower part for our tulip Draw the petals of the tulip Draw the top of the tulip Create a template for further coloring Coloring our tulip

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Monday, November 10, 2014 FALL CIRCLE PACIFIC ADVENTURE 2014: Day 8--Captain James Cook Captain James Cooke was the greatest British and Pacific navigator. Born to a Scottish farm laborer in 1728, he had only four years of formal schooling, spent some time as a shop boy, then signed on as a deckhand at the age of 18. He joined the navy at the age of 27 and in two years took command of the Pembroke, a 64-gun ship. However, something about him, probably cartographic ability, convinced the British admiralty that he was best suited for scientific expeditions rather than fighting or plundering. In 1768 at the age of 40, he led a crew of 94 from Plymouth, England west into the uncharted waters of the Pacific Ocean. Their primary mission was to observe the transit of Venus off what is known today as Tahiti. The Endeavor, all of 106 feet long, one-sixth the length of the Crystal Symphony, enjoyed a three year cruise with Joseph Banks, a rich nobleman as benefactor and chief scientist. He brought with him on board four personal servants and two large dogs, and went on to become President of the Royal Society. Trip #1 on the Endeavor (above--red path): •Observed the transit of Venus on June 3, 1769, as predicted by Sir Edmund Halley of comet fame. This sighting helped determine the distance of Earth from the Sun. •Charted 2400 miles of New Zealand’s coastline, where the Maoris took Cook to be a god. •Was the first European to see Australia, but ran aground on the Great Barrier Reef. •Returned via Batavia (now Indonesia), where his crew caught malaria, but everyone survived scurvy by drinking a vile soup of vegetables found when they made landfall. Cook, now a Commander, in 1772 began a second three-year journey (green) on the 120 foot long HMS Resolution, sponsored by the Royal Society, with the Adventure as the second ship. •Without Joseph Banks, who wanted artists, musicians and an upper deck, and was denied. •Sailed around Antarctica to find the mythical southern continent, which he had already discovered as Australia. They got within 100 miles of this second continent, but never actually saw Antarctica. •Was given safe passage by Benjamin Franklin, even though there was a war going on between the colonists and British. •On January 17, 1773 the two ships became the first to cross the Antarctic Circle. •One leg lasted 17 weeks over 11,000 miles without seeing land. The Crystal Symphony will cruise 4395 miles in 9 days, also without seeing land from Honolulu to Auckland. •The Adventure returned earlier from weariness, for ten of the crew were eaten on New Zealand, but the Resolution took 3 years and 18 days on a 70,000 mile journey, earning Cook a Captaincy. Wife Elizabeth had endured difficult days during those six years, with three of their six children dying. Less than a year later, on July 12, 1776, Captain Cook began trip #3 (blue), sailing on the same Resolution to find a North American passage. He had a full crew, two cows, calves and a bull to give away as gifts. On board were George Vancouver, (left) who would later lead expeditions, and had a city named after him, plus the infamous William Bligh (right--doesn't look at all like Humphrey Bogart), who later commanded the Bounty, which suffered a mutiny. Ship #2 was the Discovery. They began by sailing south and west for Tasmania and New Zealand. On January 18, 1778, Captain Cook and his men were the first Europeans to sight Kauai, although that name and the Hawaiian Islands came later, for Cook named us the Sandwich Islands in honor of the Earl of Sandwich who was then acting Lord of the Admiralty. They then sailed for the northern portion of North American to find that passage, but failed, and returned to Hawaii, this time Kealakekua Bay, where the native Hawaiian received him as their god Lono. After partying for two weeks, refreshed and victorious, the Resolution left Hawaii, but soon returned when a storm broke one of the ship’s mast. This second time, the Hawaiians figured out that Cook was not a god, and in a scuffle February 14, 1779, they killed the 50-year old Cook and four seamen. The ships went back to search for the Northwest Passage, failed, again, and returned to England after a journey of four years and three months. A rather ignominious end to the legend of Captain James Cook, who has no descendants. No major film of the Great Mapmaker, but here is a one hour 40 minute TV program.

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Reinforcement of skills continues. The focus is to maintain a high level of motivation and confidence, and continue to create a strong foundation in manipulating materials and organizing ideas. Connections between history, cultures, and art continue. Emphasis is also placed on the role of art in society. The importance of art in our lives whether it be architecture, industrial design, graphic design, landscape architecture, fashion and jewelry design, website design, along with painting, drawing, sculpture, printmaking is a focus. Some projects are multifaceted, incorporating a variety of techniques and media such as painting, drawing, and sculpture; others target skills or concepts such as shape, pattern, contrast, color, and elements of composition. Focus is on The Head, The Figure, Fantasy, Abstraction, Realism and Surrealism. Discovering Social Issues through Art is the focus of our trip to The Yale Center for British Art. This experience connects Social Studies, Language Arts and Art. Not only do our artists articulate connections they make by viewing pieces at the museum, but also create individual works which focus on a social issue that is important to them. By making art, looking at art, talking about art and exhibiting art, students form connections between what they make and how their work impacts the world around them, all the while developing their visual literacy, verbal language, and fine motor skills. We teach our students they are artists who possess the capability to shape the world around them, to change perspectives, to take action, and to understand that everything they do can have an impact. Each year the Sixth Grade collaboratively creates a work as a permanent reminder of their class’ artistic expression. The pieces have ranged from permanent murals both interior and exterior to an impressive array of collaborative works in our Rotunda. Open Studio Group: Open Studio gives children freedom and responsibility to create visually. Children have an opportunity to work an idea through either individually or in groups. The studio offerings focus on myriad forms of expression designed by each child. We celebrate the willingness of our students to try new things and build upon “mistakes”. Along the way they achieve not just artistic but personal growth… always challenging the conventional … occasionally brushing against the avant-garde. They work toward discovering not just what they want to build, but what they’re trying to express. This special time is available to artists in Grades 5 and 6. Artsweek: Artsweek has been salted away during a week in May to celebrate the Visual Arts. Each year a theme is chosen. The community collaborates in creating a singular piece of art as well as each child contributing their own. During Artsnight children and their parents create together. The week is topped off by a schoolwide performance. Artsweek is sponsored by the PTO. Days of Artistic Focus: Dot Day, A Drawing Challenge (Inktober, 20 Turkeys Falling Off a Cliff), Dress If You Dare Day! Sparkle Day with Starry Night , and Shades of Red Day and a rendition of The Memory Project involving portraiture. The Beecher Gallery, which encompasses the entire school is ever-changing as our children’s creative expressions continue to evolve, showing us the swelling uniqueness of each child. Their work eventually finds its way into your homes.

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Do’s and don’ts of editing Writing is always followed by editing. Editing is the process where you check and correct the written matter to improve it. Once you complete your manuscript it’s not over even though you have good writing skills. Editing is a crucial step in book publishing no matter you are a budding writer or an established writer. In traditional publishing, your manuscript goes in the hands of various editors appointed in the house. Once the contract is signed between the publishing house and the author, the publishing house takes the charge of editing the book by considering the writer’s views. While in self-publishing the author appoints the editor of their choice or can also prefer self-editing. Self-editing is something in which you can miss your own mistakes very easily because it seems difficult to find your own mistakes. Thus you need to consider some points while self-editing. Here are some do’s and don’ts of editing to help you out. Do’s of editing Keep it simple Fancy and lengthy words to show vocabulary skills should be avoided. These words sometimes break the continuity of the reader while reading. Use simple but exact words. Check the position of similar words It’s and its, their and there, brought and bought such words can impact on your quality of writing. Incorrect position of similar words drops down the graph of an impression on readers. Thus while self-editing makes sure they are correct. Spellings should be checked properly. It is obvious to miss some words in the write-up. An easier option is to run spelling check programs. A lot of spell check programs available online. Limit the text While writing you imagine and try to put it in words. While doing this you end up with lengthy text. To avoid this don’t explain everything about the situation. Keep the description that is needed and omit the rest while editing. Remove double spacings between words. Pay attention to the spacings after commas. Point of view Try to stick to a single point of view while writing. The use of different points of view can be done if it is very necessary and when you are sure about the level of engagement of readers. Less is more Try not to use many adjectives. Choose one word and avoid explaining it as well. Remember less is more. Avoid using two to three font styles in one paragraph. Maintain one font style to make it easy for the readers to get engaged in reading. Punctuations are very important to convey the right thing to the readers. Checking and correcting the punctuations in the manuscript while editing is important. For example, ‘Let’s eat Andria.’ and ‘Let’s eat, Andria.’ has a big difference. Thus make sure you get the punctuations correct. Don’ts of editing Do not hurry Once the writing is done, do not hurry to edit it. (Need a rest… isn’t it?) Give some time lag between the completion of writing and the beginning of self-editing. This is the time where you get detached from the write-up so that when you get back to it for editing you find it quite new. This helps to point out the mistakes more clearly. Show, don’t tell Keep the balance of the description in the manuscript. Try not to describe everything. Use the words that show movement. For example, ‘He punched the air’ indicates that he is angry. Similarly ‘She swirled.’ shows her joy. While writing we are in the flow of describing and conveying something. Thus we miss that some things are obvious and understandable by readers. For example, ‘Andria clapped with her hands.’ Here last three words can be omitted. ‘Andria clapped.’ crisply describes the same. Such words can be easily noticed in the manuscript while editing. Be alert. Do not lose patience While self-editing you might get many small changes. The key is not to lose patience, if you appoint an editor for editing he might suggest many things about words, spellings, the frame of sentences, and even about punctuations. Try to not get irritated by these corrections. Have patience and be calm for a good outcome.

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On 10 July 1868, the prophet Te Kooti Arikirangi Te Tūruki landed south of Poverty Bay with 298 followers. Four months later he and his followers attacked Matawhero, killing more than 50 people, both Māori and Pākehā. From that moment Te Kooti was a hunted man. Colonial forces and Māori allies pursued him relentlessly until early 1872. This interactive map shows the circuitous journey that Te Kooti and his followers took over that period. Using this item This item has been provided for private study purposes (such as school projects, family and local history research) and any published reproduction (print or electronic) may infringe copyright law. It is the responsibility of the user of any material to obtain clearance from the copyright holder.

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At Little People Child Care we offer a variety of learning techniques to help your child retain information and put it to work regularly. 1. Attention Span. One of the hardest things for small children to learn is the ability to sit still and listen for more than a few minutes. This is an essential skill for success in school. 2. Early Reading Skills. According to Dr. Ken Grizzle of the University of Wisconsin, “A child’s ability in kindergarten and first grade to be able to recognize that words they hear are made up of sounds and that those sounds can be manipulated to create different words plays an important role in early word reading.” 3. Early Writing Skills. Letting your child scribble may seem like fun and games – but it’s actually the beginning of writing ability. 4. Early Math Skills. Developing an understanding of numbers and counting is essential to the later development of more involved mathematical skills. 5. Listening Skills. Preschoolers need to develop the skills they need to listen, to truly hear, and to comprehend instructions and explanations. 6. Problem-solving Skills. Essential in academics as well as in everyday life, preschool is the time to start teaching problem-solving abilities. Educational toys and activities are the perfect tools for teaching basic problem-solving. 7. Communication Skills. The ability to express needs, ask questions and express feelings both verbally and non-verbally is essential to later success. 8. Creativity. “The critical role of imagination, discovery, and creativity in a child’s education is only beginning to come to light,” says Dr. Ashfaq Ishaq, founder of the International Child Art Foundation. Allowing plenty of tools and chances for artistic and creative play is the best way to foster this essential skill. 9. Social Skills. Early development of the social skills necessary to thrive in a school environment is one of the easiest to forget, but still one of the most important. 10. Fine Motor Skills. Working with things like scissors and crafts help preschoolers to develop the fine motor skills required to succeed with more complex projects in the future. As each child enters into our doors we will pour into them the educational tools necessary to maximize their full potential. No child will be left behind the mark as we prepare, equip and teach them how to fly in every area of their life! Your child is our number one focus. We are passionate about preparation. Making sure that your child is prepared to go to transitional kindergarten and Pre-K. We offer transportation to your child's school within a 20-mile radius. Once your child arrives at Little People Child Care we make sure they do their homework first. We serve snacks and have a lot of fun interactive games and videos.

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Postnasal drip is the accumulation of mucus in the back of the throat, which can cause a feeling of congestion, a sore throat, or a cough. It is a common symptom of conditions such as the common cold, sinusitis, and allergies. The excess mucus can be caused by inflammation or swelling of the nasal passages, which can be due to a variety of factors such as viral or bacterial infections, allergies, or irritants in the air. Every day, glands in the linings of your nose, throat, airways, stomach, and intestinal tract produce mucus. Your nose alone makes about a quart of it each day. Mucus is a thick, wet substance that moistens these areas and helps trap and destroy foreign invaders like bacteria and viruses before they cause infection. When your body produces more mucus than usual or it’s thicker than normal, it becomes more noticeable. The excess can come out of the nostrils -- that’s a runny nose. When the mucus runs down the back of your nose to your throat, it's called postnasal drip. Mucus Colors Meaning Yellow mucus can indicate a bacterial infection in the nasal passages. This type of infection often requires antibiotics to clear up. If the yellow color is accompanied by thick and discolored nasal discharge, it may be a sign of a sinus infection. Green mucus can be a sign of a more severe viral or bacterial infection. The green color is caused by the presence of white blood cells that are fighting the infection. If the green mucus is accompanied by other symptoms such as fever, it is important to see a doctor for treatment. Clear mucus is normal and indicates that the nasal passages are healthy. It is the body's way of trapping dust, dirt, and other particles from entering the lungs. Clear mucus is also seen in the beginning stages of a cold or allergy and is often the sign that the body is fighting off an infection or irritation. White mucus is also normal, and can be a sign that the body is producing a thicker mucus in response to an irritation or infection. It can also be caused by dry air or exposure to irritants such as smoke or pollution. Brown mucus can be a sign of exposure to pollution or smoking. It can also be caused by the presence of dried blood, which can occur from blowing the nose too hard. If the brown color is accompanied by other symptoms, it is important to see a doctor to rule out any serious conditions. Black mucus is not a common color and can be a sign of exposure to very high levels of pollution or smoke. It can also indicate a fungal infection. If the black color is accompanied by other symptoms, it is important to see a doctor for treatment. Red mucus can be a sign of bleeding in the nasal passages. This can occur from blowing the nose too hard or from a more serious condition such as cancer. If the red color is accompanied by other symptoms, it is important to see a doctor for treatment. What Causes Postnasal Drip? The excess mucus that triggers it has many possible causes, including: - Allergies, also called allergic postnasal drip - Sinus infection or sinusitis, which is an inflammation of the sinuses - Object stuck in the nose (most common in children) - Certain medications, including some for birth control and blood pressure - Deviated septum, which is the crooked placement of the wall that separates the two nostrils, or some other problem with the structure of the nose that affects the sinuses - Changing weather, cold temperatures, or really dry air - Certain foods (for example, spicy foods may trigger mucus flow) - Fumes from chemicals, perfumes, cleaning products, smoke, or other irritants Sometimes the problem is not that you're producing too much mucus, but that it's not being cleared away. Swallowing problems can cause a buildup of liquids in the throat, which can feel like postnasal drip. These problems can sometimes occur because of a blockage or conditions such as gastroesophageal reflux disease, also known as GERD. Postnasal Drip Symptoms Postnasal drip makes you feel like you constantly want to clear your throat. Too much mucus may also make you feel hoarse and give you a sore, scratchy throat. You could also get a sinus infection if those passages are clogged. Postnasal drip and nausea Nausea is not a typical symptom of postnasal drip, but it can be associated with it in some cases. When mucus accumulates in the throat, it can cause a feeling of congestion and discomfort, which may lead to nausea. Additionally, some people may experience nausea when taking certain medications used to treat postnasal drip symptoms such as decongestants. These medications can cause stomach upset and may lead to nausea in some individuals. If you are experiencing nausea while taking these medications, it is important to speak with your doctor about alternative treatment options. Postnasal Drip Treatments Colds can also turn the mucus these colors, and they are caused by viruses, which don't respond to antibiotics. Antihistamines and decongestants can often help with postnasal drip caused by sinusitis and viral infections. They can also be effective, along with steroid nasal sprays, for postnasal drip caused by allergies. The older, over-the-counter antihistamines, including diphenhydramine (Benadryl) and chlorpheniramine (Chlor-Trimeton), might not be the best choices for postnasal drip. When they dry out mucus, they can actually thicken it. Newer antihistamines like cetirizine (Zyrtec), desloratadine (Clarinex), fexofenadine (Allegra), levocetirizine (Xyzal), and loratadine (Claritin, Alavert), may be better options and are less likely to cause drowsiness. It's a good idea to check with your doctor before taking these because all of them can have side effects that range from dizziness to dry mouth. Another option is to thin your mucus. Thick mucus is stickier and more likely to bother you. Keeping it thin helps prevent blockages in the ears and sinuses. A simple way to thin it out is to drink more water. Other methods you can try include: Postnasal Drip Home Remedies For centuries, people have treated postnasal drip with all kinds of home remedies. Probably the best known and most loved is hot chicken soup. While it won’t cure you, hot soup or any hot liquid might give you some temporary relief and comfort. It works because the steam from the hot liquid opens up your stuffy nose and throat. It also thins out mucus. And because it’s a fluid, the hot soup will help prevent dehydration, which will make you feel better, too. A hot, steamy shower might help for the same reason. You can also try propping up your pillows at night so that the mucus doesn't pool or collect in the back of your throat. If you have allergies, here are some other ways to reduce your triggers: - Cover your mattresses and pillowcases with dust mite-proof covers. - Wash all sheets, pillowcases, and mattress covers often in hot water. - Use special HEPA air filters in your home. These can remove very fine particles from the air. - Dust and vacuum regularly. Let your doctor know right away if you notice blood in your postnasal drip. If medication doesn’t relieve your symptoms, you might need to see an ear, nose, and throat specialist (also called an otolaryngologist) for evaluation. Your doctor might want you to get a CT scan, X-rays, or other tests.

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Sparrows in San Francisco’s Presidio district changed their tune to soar above the increasing cacophony of car horns and engine rumbles, details a new George Mason University research in the April edition of ‘Animal Behaviour’. “It shows a strong link between the change in song and the change in noise,” says David Luther, term assistant professor in Mason’s undergraduate biology program. “It’s also the first study that I know of to track the songs over time and the responses of birds to historical and current songs.” The study, “Birdsongs Keep Pace with City Life: Changes in Song Over Time in an Urban Songbird Affects Communication”, compares birdsongs from as far back as 1969 to today’s tweets. Plus, the researchers detail how San Francisco’s streets have grown noisier based on studies from 1974 and 2008. Luther wrote the study with Elizabeth Derryberry, an assistant professor of ecology and evolutionary biology at Tulane University and a research assistant professor at Louisiana State University’s Museum of Natural Science. “We’ve created this artificial world, although one could say it’s the real world now, with all this noise – traffic, leaf blowers, air conditioners,” Luther says. “A lot of birds are living in these areas, and what, if anything, is this doing to their songs?” Turns out, quite a bit. Just as we raise our voices to be heard when a car speeds past, birds making their homes near busy intersections have to tweet a little louder, Luther says. But it’s more than just whistling the same tune and turning up the volume. Most birds stopped singing some old songs because those ditties couldn’t cut through the racket. The bird they studied is the white-crowned sparrow, a small bird that sports a jaunty white cap with black stripes. Only male birds were studied. Even birds from the same species don’t sing the same song. “Some bird species sing in different dialects just like the way people talk differently if they are from Texas or California or New York, even different parts of New York,” Luther says. The sparrows warble in low, medium and high frequencies. “It’s the really low hum where almost all of this human-made noise is – in this very low bandwidth. The birds can often sing at the top end of that low bandwidth,” says Luther, whistling a lively bird tune, “and if there’s no traffic around, that’s just fine. But if they’re singing and there’s this,” he says, making a low humming noise, “the lowest portion of that song gets lost, and the birds can’t hear it.” So the birds changed their tune. Sparrows in the Presidio used to sing in three distinct dialects when famed ornithologist Luis Baptista made his recordings in 1969. When Luther worked with Baptista some 30 years later, those song stylings had dropped to two, with one higher-range dialect clearly on the way to be the only song in town. “One dialect had basically taken over the city,” says Luther, adding that it is officially called the “San Francisco dialect”. Songs need to be heard, not just because they sound pretty – birds use them to talk to each other, warn away rivals and attract mates. “If you go into a bird’s territory and play a song from the same species, they think a rival competitor has invaded its territory,” Luther says. “It’s just the same way if you’re in your house and you hear strange voices, as if someone broke in.” If the rival bird can’t hear the song and vamoose, then it may come to bird fisticuffs. That can lead to injury or death. To do the study, the researchers found territories of 20 sparrows in the Presidio where there’s lots of traffic, especially in the morning rush hour when the birds do most of their singing. They set up an iPod speaker, shuffled the sparrow songs from 1969 and 2005 and waited for a reaction. “The birds responded much more strongly to the current song than to the historic song,” says Luther, adding that the sparrow flew toward the speaker while chirping a “get out of here” song. “The (current) songs are more of a threat.” Chirps from 1969 didn’t raise a feather. “They don’t think that bird is as much of a threat,” he says. This study sets up the next one, Derryberry says. The next question is whether the females care about these changes or if any song will do. “We want to understand if the females discriminate between these songs as well,” she says. White-crowned sparrows are interesting birds because their songs changed with the noise environment, Derryberry says. “Here’s a bird that’s able to hang around,” she says. “A lot of species haven’t been able to adapt to and live in an urban environment.” [The above story is reproduced from materials provided by George Mason University. The original article is written by Michele McDonald.]

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