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136,067 |
Among the factors associated with increasing the number of HPE we found disease severity and the need of a work leave. Even after adjusting with multivariate regression, they remained of statistical significance and some other important covariates that could be expected to influence that, such us respiratory diseases, dropped from the model. Also being male and having cerebrovascular disease were associated with the number of HPE and no explanation for that could be hypothesized. Further studies are needed and another HPE measurement at 6 or 12 months could be of help in that.
| 2 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Pulmonology",
"Cardiology"
] |
140,955 |
The control GST and GST-tagged proteins were expressed in Escherichia coli strain BL21 (DE3). Bacterial lysates were prepared in ice-cold binding buffer (PBS) by sonication and incubated with glutathione-Sepharose beads (GE Healthcare) overnight at 4 °C with rocking. After the incubation, His-tagged proteins were added to each tube for 4 h at 4 °C. The beads were washed three times, and boiled in SDS-PAGE loading buffer and analyzed by western blotting with the indicated antibodies.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Molecular Biology"
] |
137,633 |
Mean age of the participants (n = 1894) was 53.18 years (SD = 14.0) and 60.3% were female. Average pain duration was 6.72 years (SD = 8.4). Figure 2 shows the patients’ primary diagnoses made by the physicians at the clinic according to pain location. Approximately one third of patients suffered from chronic lumbar pain. Based on the data collected with the DN4 and the type of pain disorder or its suspected etiology, the estimated percentages of patients who had neuropathic pain, nonneuropathic pain, and mixed evidence of neuropathic pain were 29.4%, 24.0%, and 46.6%, respectively. Other baseline data on patients’ pain characteristics, psychological measures, and QOL summary scales of the SF-12v2 are presented in Table 1.10.1080/24740527.2017.1325715-T0001Table 1.Patients’ demographic, pain, and psychological characteristics for the overall sample and in each pain severity trajectory at baseline.a Pain severity Total (n = 1894)Trajectory 1—non-improvers (n = 1430)Trajectory 2—early improvers (n = 313)Trajectory 3—steady improvers (n = 151)Age, mean (SD)53.18 (14.0)53.50 (14.0)51.57 (13.7)53.39 (14.1)Sex, n (%) Female1142 (60.3)858 (60.0)187 (59.7)97 (64.2)Male752 (39.7)572 (40.0)126 (40.3)54 (35.8)Type of pain, n (%) Neuropathic pain486 (29.4)362 (28.0)77 (31.8)47 (39.2)Nonneuropathic pain396 (24.0)299 (23.2)67 (27.7)30 (25.0)Mixed evidence771 (46.6)630 (48.8)98 (40.5)43 (35.8)Mean (SD)Pain duration (years)6.72 (8.4)6.98 (8.4)6.88 (9.3)3.96 (5.6)Average pain6.95 (1.7)7.37 (1.5)4.95 (1.4)7.12 (1.7)Worst pain8.39 (1.5)8.66 (1.3)7.11 (1.6)8.38 (1.4)BPI-105.98 (2.0)6.40 (1.9)4.24 (1.8)5.63 (1.9)CPSI index18.05 (8.5)19.40 (8.0)12.76 (8.4)16.19 (8.6)BDI-I19.38 (10.3)20.76 (10.4)14.94 (8.5)15.62 (9.6)PCS30.49 (12.4)32.41 (12.1)23.39 (10.5)27.09 (13.1)QOL physical health28.28 (8.5)27.10 (7.8)32.66 (9.7)30.31 (8.9)QOL mental health40.00 (11.6)38.80 (11.4)44.10 (11.2)42.76 (11.9)aAverage pain: average pain intensity score over the past 7 days measured on the NRS-11; Worst pain: average worst pain intensity score over the past 7 days measured on the NRS-11; BPI-10: average score on the interference scales of the Brief Pain Inventory–10; CPSI index: Sleep quality index of the Chronic Pain Sleep Inventory; BDI-I: total score on the Beck Depression Inventory–I; PCS: total score on the Pain Catastrophizing Scale; QOL physical health: norm-based physical health summary score of the SF-12v2; QOL mental health: norm-based mental health summary score of the SF-12v2.BPI-10 = Brief Pain Inventory–10; CPSI = Chronic Pain Sleep Inventory; BDI-I = Beck Depression Inventory–I; PCS = Pain Catastrophizing Scale; QOL = quality of life; SF-12v2 = Short-Form-12 Health Survey Version 2. 10.1080/24740527.2017.1325715-F0002Figure 2.Pain diagnoses in the overall sample and in each pain trajectory.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Pain management"
] |
293,198 |
We report a case of a full‐term male who presented with fulminant sepsis, multiorgan failure, and native valve endocarditis secondary to methicillin‐susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA). He had a favorable clinical outcome after combination therapy with intravenous oxacillin, gentamicin, and rifampin.
| 4 | 1clinical
| 3Clinical case
|
[
"Infectious diseases",
"Cardiology"
] |
100,692 |
A key goal of machine learning is the development of algorithms that can infer a set of rules from a predetermined ‘training’ data set. Once the training data have been analysed, the algorithm should ideally be able to correctly sort previously unseen data sets into correct categories in what is termed ‘supervised learning’. One mode of this sorting, also known as ‘classification’, is to classify all data inputs into one of two states–for instance being above or below a given linear threshold. This type of supervised learning is known as linear classification and a number of algorithms have been developed to achieve this task. The perceptron is one of the earliest linear classification algorithms and has been used to identify translation initiation sites in Escherichia coli mRNA molecules . In a perceptron algorithm, a given input signal is classed as being above or below a line (or threshold). The position of this threshold is altered as part of the learning process until all data points have been successfully classified as being above or below a linear threshold. Figure 1 sets out a scheme for biological implementation of a perceptron in which a toggle switch (Figure 3A) classifies the sum of two input signals being one side or another of a given threshold, resulting in expression of either RFP or GFP. The position of the threshold is determined by a central element, ‘node 0’. The nodes in this context represent one or more genes that function to repress or stimulate other nodes.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Bioinformatics"
] |
212,482 |
After the steel leaves the last rolling stand, it is cooled in a controlled way at the cooling bed. During the cooling process the austenite phase transforms into ferrite and perlite, especially for C-Mn steels. In this paper, only the ferrite transformation is considered, and the temperature at which the transformation occurs is called Ferrite Transformation Temperature (FTT). (FTT) for any type of steel in °C is calculated based on the following equation given in :(17)TFTT=910−310[%C]−80[%Mn]−20[%Cu]−15[%Cr]−80[%Mo]−[%Ni].
| 1 | 2other
| 0Study
|
[
"Metallurgy"
] |
170,513 |
The current study took place during the Covid-19 pandemic, in the period between June and July 2020. This means that on top of working with a difficult patient group, forensic healthcare workers also had to deal with the Covid-19 pandemic and the measures that were taken. Several measures were implemented that have altered working environments, such as mandatory lockdowns, social distancing measures, wearing masks, learning new techniques and skills related to hygiene, disinfection, telemedicine, quarantining of admission, and fewer therapeutic sessions with patients (25). At the time of the survey, there was a relaxation of the restrictive Covid-19 measures in both the Netherlands and Belgium. Forensic patients were allowed to see external visitors again and leave provisions were restarted. However, research shows that the Covid-19 pandemic can disrupt people's routines and can provoke fear and phobic responses (26). Corona fear can be described as a persistent and excessive fear of the coronavirus, which can be classified as a particular type of the DSM-5 specific phobia (27). The main characteristic of specific phobias is fear or anxiety related to the source of the phobia. Serious negative psychosomatic (e.g., physical complaints) and social effects (e.g., fear of coughing people) of the Covid-19 pandemic, as have been observed in many countries, can have a negative impact on psychological well-being [e.g., (26, 28)]. The impact of Covid-19 and the national lockdowns, on top of the stress-evoking factors associated with working in a forensic environment can make forensic healthcare workers extra vulnerable for developing mental health problems. Therefore, when examining links between work-related stress, psychological well-being, and resilience in this specific historical phase, it is imperative to take into account the specific impact of Covid-19 and related fears.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Psychology",
"Psychiatry"
] |
375,171 |
Simultaneous dislocation of the radial head and distal radio-ulnar joint without fracture in an adult patient is rarely reported in previous studies with only 7 documented cases [1–7]. The typical radiographic changes involve volar dislocation of the radial head and dorsal dislocation of the distal radius, forming a criss-cross appearance of the ulna and radius on the lateral radiograph . Unlike Essex-Lopresti injuries, the central band of the interosseous membrane (IOM) was believed to be intact with the proximal and distal IOM being simultaneously injured. However, the pathological changes and injury patterns were unclear and speculated only from radiographs and personal experiences. No exact proof has been provided in previous studies. In this case, additional MRI images and surgical findings provided clues to the pathological changes and injury patterns in this specific injury.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Orthopedics"
] |
136,574 |
Since the spectrofluorimetric quantification of the two cephalosporins was based on chemical reactions, our methods have high selectivity towards the investigated drugs due to the presence of certain functional groups. In Method II, CFZ can be quantified in the presence of its degradation product.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Analytical Chemistry",
"Pharmacology"
] |
336,585 |
Lysophagy is a critical response to LMP, and we show that of the FBA family of glycoprotein binding F-box proteins, Fbxo2 was most highly expressed in the brain (Figure 5) and was recruited to damaged lysosomes (Figure 6). Supporting its function in lysophagy, loss of Fbxo2 in primary cortical cultures delayed clearance of damaged lysosomes and leads to decreased viability after lysosomal damage (Figure 7). This finding is consistent with work on the glycan-binding F-box protein Fbxo27, where Fbxo27 deficiency slows but does not abolish lysophagy (10). Likely, additional pathways function to mediate lysophagy in the brain. TRIM16, a RING-type ubiquitin ligase, also mediates lysophagy progression (5) and may function redundantly with Fbxo2.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Molecular Biology",
"Cell Biology"
] |
369,394 |
The nucleus pulposus (NP) is the central part of the intervertebral disc, and it is mainly constituted of water and type II collagen, together with proteoglycans and small cartilage-like cells interspersed. Disc degeneration is generally believed to originate in the NP and can be accelerated by oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) able to induce the apoptosis of NP cells. A thermo-sensitive chitosan/gelatin/glycerol phosphate loaded with FA (FA-CS/G/GP) HG was formulated for gradual release of FA to treat NP cells from the oxidative stress-induced damage, since the gelation temperature of the FA-CS/G/GP HG was 32.17 °C. The results obtained on NP cells exposed to H2O2-induced oxidative stress suggest that this thermo-sensitive HG may have potential application for NP regeneration .
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Orthopedics",
"Biomechanics"
] |
110,177 |
In addition to the difficulties potentially associated with crossing more distant relatives, wild germplasm may have higher levels of diversity, and as such, DNA sequencing and genotyping tools designed for domesticated species may not function as successfully. For example, SNP arrays are widely used in humans, but do not function as well on organisms with greater genetic diversity because they are designed based on a reference genome. Insertion/deletion polymorphisms (InDels), copy number variants (CNVs), and presence-absence variants (PAVs) all reduce hybridization of a sample’s DNA to the probes on an array. Recent work in grape using the Vitis9KSNP array found 33–44% of genotype calls were discarded due to poor quality. In this case, hybridization intensities were more useful than genotype calls for genetic mapping precisely because of the probe-sequence hybridization issues caused by high levels of genetic divergence across grape species (Myles et al., 2015). Thus, when mapping in high diversity perennial crops with SNP arrays such as grape (Myles et al., 2010), peach (Verde et al., 2012), and apple (Bianco et al., 2016), use of hybridization intensities rather than genotype calls is a viable option to overcome the inevitably poor genotype quality.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Genetics"
] |
383,461 |
Framing this in terms of affective milieus, it becomes clear why both sides oppose each other so strongly. Usually, the wish for cars to be more expensive comes from younger people, often people (e.g., students and young families) who live in cities, where living without a car is rather easy. Moving within their environment is dominated by public transport, bikes, short distances to the supermarkets, and most places are within reach. Cars are even perceived as a burden for them. The streets are occupied by parking spots stealing valuable space within the city. Cars are loud and dirty, and they are making life among them unpleasant. Cyclists and pedestrians encounter cars as dangerous objects, almost as living entities which anonymously pass by accompanied by an aura of discomfort and fear. There are very particular affective relations such people have and do not have in connection to cars. Hence, they can easily conceive of a life without a car, and they may even enjoy the idea of a car-free city. Additionally, these people are immersed in very peculiar affect dynamics: They engage in certain activities, they might, for example, seek to escape the city by attending a small garden; they usually meet like-minded people who navigate in similar settings, and share the same work or living situation; they only consume particular things, e.g., exclusively buying environmentally friendly clothes and organic food.
| 1 | 2other
| 1Other
|
[
"Environmental psychology"
] |
327,366 |
In some countries, the animal research paradigm appears to be going strong. In others, there are signs of movement towards NAMs. Here in the UK, the government’s innovation agency has stated that animal studies could be replaced by NAMs for drug efficacy and safety testing , while the UK’s Medicines Discovery Catapult has called for the process of drug discovery to be “retooled’ with non-animal, human-relevant technologies . Elsewhere, the Dutch government aims to be a frontrunner in NAMs and has set a 2025 deadline for phasing out the use of animals in the regulatory safety testing of medicines and chemicals . In the US millions of dollars are being invested in NAMs, with the US Food and Drug Administration and the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) working together to support and progress NAMs at the highest levels. The US is hosting a world summit on organs-on-a-chip in 2021 and the EPA has recently committed to reducing by 30% the use of mammals in chemical testing by 2025 and to ending their use by 2035, as well as promoting and developing NAMs . The saying goes that when the US sneezes, the rest of the world catches a cold. Whether this happens in relation to NAMs, only time will tell.
| 2 | 0biomedical
| 1Other
|
[
"Pharmacology",
"Toxicology"
] |
254,877 |
Chemiluminescence intensity in each supernatant was measured by ImageQuant LAS 4010 (GE Healthcare) using luminol reaction. Luminol was oxidized by transition metals including iron and reacted with peroxide iron, which emitted chemiluminescence . The transition metals concentration is proportional to chemiluminescence intensity. In this research, the iron concentrations in each supernatant were calculated on the basis of linear regression techniques using a series of standard iron solutions (0, 1, 5, 10, 25 ppm).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Biochemistry"
] |
258,441 |
As can be seen from Qt in Figure 5c, the intramolecular diffusion models of bisphenol A, tetracycline, Congo red and methylene blue do not pass through the origin, indicating that during adsorption of these four pollutants, internal diffusion is not the only step that controls adsorption, and there are two or more diffusion mechanisms that affect adsorption. The line is divided into a first stage (Ki1) and second stage (Ki2). The first stage involves the migration of pollutant molecules from the solution to the outer surface of the adsorbent. During the second stage, the pollutant molecules diffuse to the adsorbent pores. All four pollutants have high R2 in the second stage, indicating that the diffusion of pollutant molecules into the adsorbent pores is the rate-controlling step of these four pollutants .
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Environmental Toxicology"
] |
70,918 |
One salient feature of NSC is the normal development of the unaffected calvarial suture, albeit with the presence of premature ossification in the affected suture. The different phenotypes of calvarial sutures in the same genetic setting suggest that NSC defect is a locally-confined pathogenetic process. It has been proposed that local pathological changes are driven by the local alterations in the expression of genes involved in osteogenic signaling. Comparative analyses of gene expression in the fused and patent sutures of NSC patients identified differential gene expression between affected and unaffected sutures7–10. Elevated expression of LIM mineralization protein (LMP) and potent osteoinductive factors such as transforming growth factors and insulin-like growth factors have been reported to be associated with fused calvarial suture11,12. Mesenchymal stromal cells residing in fused sutures exhibit constitutively active osteogenic signaling and enhanced osteogenic potential11. The extracellular matrices produced from the fused and unfused sutures also exhibit differential ability to regulate the behavior of surrounding osteoblasts13. Although significant advances have been achieved in understanding the molecular pathogenesis of NSC, much has yet to be revealed.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Orthopedic biology"
] |
68,885 |
Phase II: an intent-to-treat analysis will be used. Generalized linear mixed models will be applied to test for differences between study arms for dichotomous (IPT initiation, IPT completion, HIV testing) and continuous (yield of child contacts, yield of active TB) outcomes. Models will include fixed effects for study arm and patient characteristics, and random effects for study site to adjust for potential non-independence of observations.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Epidemiology",
" Biostatistics"
] |
118,115 |
The expression of EP3 was detected with real-time PCR. The preparation of total RNA from rat mesenteric arteries and RT reactions were performed as described elsewhere previously12. First-strand cDNA was synthesized using total RNA (250 ng) and oligo(dT)15 primers (TaKaRa; Dalian, China).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Molecular Biology"
] |
352,465 |
These data suggest that any changes in COHb circulatory mixing kinetics in CLD do not necessitate adjustment of standard sample timings (Schmidt & Prommer, 2005), perhaps in contrast to the situation in heart failure (left ventricular ejection fraction < 30%) patients (Ahlgrim et al., 2018) and polycythemia (Wachsmuth et al., 2019).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Hematology",
"Physiology"
] |
227,076 |
Conformity is an important force that keeps groups together and facilitates communication (e.g., Argyle, 1957; Hollander, 1958; LaTour and Manrai, 1989; Bond and Smith, 1996). However, the pressure to conform can also have detrimental effects for the individual. It can seduce people to concur with false information or to engage in risky behaviors (Asch, 1951, 1956; Santor et al., 2000; Lynn and Snyder, 2002; Gardner and Steinberg, 2005; Zhou et al., 2009). Conformity pressure may not only arise in the physical presence of others. Even in computer-mediated contexts people may feel the urge to follow the behavior of others (e.g., McKenna and Bargh, 1998; Postmes et al., 1999; Postmes and Spears, 2002; Riva, 2002; Lee, 2006; Cinnirella and Green, 2007; Lee et al., 2008; Schlosser, 2009; Laporte et al., 2010; Park and Feinberg, 2010; Bak and Keßler, 2012; Rosander and Eriksson, 2012; Anderson et al., 2014).
| 1 | 2other
| 1Other
|
[
"Psychology"
] |
397,448 |
Controlling the ScFv presentation at the cell surface after AP21967 addition is another FKB16/FRBmut design, where the FRB and FKBP12 domains were placed between the CD8a hinge and the scFv domains, modulating the cytotoxic properties of this “transient” CAR-T cell (93).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Immunotherapy"
] |
375,563 |
Applequist foresaw two problems: firstly, if the concern was that an unidentifiable lectotype might be epitypified with an unidentifiable epitype and you instead prohibit the lectotypification, the person would instead pick that unidentifiable specimen as the neotype, and this would not be any better.
| 1 | 2other
| 1Other
|
[
"Taxonomy"
] |
118,103 |
Similar to our present findings, an increased vasoconstrictor activity caused by PGI2 or endothelial COX metabolites had been reported in SHR mesenteric resistance arteries previously29, 30. A contraction to PGI2 was also reported in similar vessels of normal Sprague-Dawley rats, although the response could also be inhibited by the EP1 antagonist SC19220 (which also functions as a partial TP antagonist17, 43). Moreover, an increased level of EP3 or TP-independent vasoconstrictor activity of PGE2 had been previously found in SHR aortas43. However, the present study further suggest a novel mechanism, which involves the up-regulation of EP3, for the increased vasoconstrictor activity or EDCF-like function of PGI2 in rat resistance arteries developed under hypertensive conditions25, 27, 34. It should be noted that PGI2 effectively activating EP3 along with TP to mediate vasoconstrictor activity, an idea we recently put forward based on results obtained in vessels from TP−/− mice35, was further verified in the present study by the effect EP3−/− on PGI2’s in vitro response. Indeed, the idea of PGI2 being able to effectively act on EP3 explains why many of clinically used PGI2 analogues, such as iloprost, are also EP3 agonists44.
| 5 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Pharmacology",
"Vascular Biology"
] |
307,214 |
In terms of computational time, the algorithm converged in approximately 1.5–2.0 sec, which ensures smooth progress of online adaptive workflows that are as of now already time consuming (approximately 45 min per fraction for PCa ). Furthermore, the algorithm’s control parameters were maintained at fixed values for all registered MR pairs. Once the algorithm has been configured for registering MR images acquired using a particular acquisition sequence, the same configuration can be maintained for any number of registered image pairs . This is beneficial for online adaptive workflows on an MR-Linac, since there is no requirement for online tuning of algorithm parameters. Therefore, EVolution generally fulfils the technical and functional requirements for clinical use in a VF workflow.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Radiation Oncology"
] |
387,056 |
To evaluate the effects of chronic DEP exposure and DMF treatment on the Nrf2 pathway, we measured Nrf2 and Keap-1 protein expression in whole lung lysates by Western blotting. The expression of Nrf2 was unchanged in all groups (Figure 3A,E). However, DEP challenge increased Keap-1 protein expression, which could be normalized by DMF treatment (Figure 3B,E). Total NF-kB p65 protein expression in the lung was significantly increased by chronic DEP exposure, and reduced to levels below baseline in the DEP + DMF group (Figure 3C,E). The protein expression of total NF-kB p50 and p-NF-Κb p50 were unchanged in all groups (data not shown). The expression of p-NF-Κb p65 was also unchanged in all groups (Figure 3D,E).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Toxicology",
"Immunology"
] |
392,467 |
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is a well-established treatment for a variety of hematologic malignancies, immune disorders and metabolic diseases . Allo-HSCT often represents the only possible curative therapy, however it is hampered by high morbidity and mortality rates for an array of complications, including bloodstream infection and graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) . Recently, the gut microbiome (GM) has emerged as a major contributor to the genesis of these complications and to transplant outcomes . While this relationship has been extensively studied in terms of clinical correlations, the underlying biological processes still remain poorly understood . A growing body of evidence is now focused on the role of metabolomics in the immune response regulation and in other host biochemical processes . Interestingly, among the factors that modify fecal, plasmatic and urinary metabolites, the GM, alongside with diet, have emerged as the major determinants . Analogously, metabolic activities of GM are affected by environmental factors and host activities. The latter include a complex crosstalk taking place in the intestinal mucosa, with the secretion of mucus, secretory IgA, antibacterial peptides and microRNA . Hence it has been suggested that microbiome-derived metabolites could provide some insights in the complex relationship between the GM, immune system and intestinal microenvironment, particularly in the HSCT setting . To address this issue, we conducted a narrative literature review of studies addressing the role of gut microbiota derived metabolites in allo-HSCT. Electronic databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar and EMBASE, were searched to identify relevant studies published up to December 2020. The search was restricted to English-language studies involving both humans, mice and pre-clinical models. Papers were selected independently by two authors independently, and a third author supervised the selection. Herein, we provide a comprehensive overview on the current knowledge of gut microbiome-derived metabolites and their role in determining relevant biological processes in HSCT (Table 1 and Table 2).
| 5 | 0biomedical
| 2Review
|
[
"Hematology",
"Immunology"
] |
383,814 |
Plant homologs vary considerably in their accessory domains. While VPS13S is the same as yVps13, VPS13X is the only protein studied here that lacks any of the characteristic accessory domains: its C-terminal PH domain is replaced by three helices with amphipathic properties, possibly extending the ATG_C region. VPS13X also contains an additional 145 residue mostly-β domain in the loop between RBG6 and RBG7. ColabFold predicts this to be a Ricin-type lectin, with the same typical β-trefoil structure found in VPS13D, though lacking any sequence homology (Figure 4C) (Parker et al., 2021). The presence of functionally identical domains in VPS13X (plants) and VPS13D (opisthokonts) might indicate an ancient relationship between these proteins, or repeated acquisition of accessory domains from the same family.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Biochemistry"
] |
310,976 |
The synthesis, degradation, and interconversion of DNA, RNA, lipids, and carbohydrates all require the involvement of pyrimidine metabolism. The nucleic acid of periodontal cells can be released when cells are impaired directly by periodontal microbiota or indirectly by the host immune system. Nucleosides and nucleobases are an important nutrient source for bacteria and can be used for nucleic acid biosynthesis or decomposition into carbon and energy sources. As the result of MSEA and topology analysis, pyrimidine metabolism was found to be the most significant pathway involved in GCP (Fig. 5). The elevated level of uracil and the decreased levels of thymidine and methylmalonic acid indicated that pyrimidine metabolism in GCP patients was different than that in healthy controls. Furthermore, uracil had a positive correlation with the periodontal disease–enriched genera and a negative correlation with the healthy control–enriched genera. This relationship between thymidine, methylmalonic acid, and genera was the opposite. It is known that when pathogens invade host cells, they can affect pyrimidine metabolism in the host to create advantageous conditions for proliferation . This finding suggests that the pathogens associated with GCP may alter the metabolism of infected hosts by an as yet unknown mechanism.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Biochemistry",
"Molecular Biology"
] |
48,304 |
From the two lists of 1000 new candidates, 114 molecules were selected for testing in a follow-up assay based on availability at vendors who agreed to be TDT sponsors. The set included two known anti-malarials quinidine (proposed by Workflow 1) and amodiaquine (proposed by Workflow 2). Compounds that were already in the primary HTS and the confirmatory screen provided by the TDT challenge were not removed.
| 3 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Pharmacology"
] |
235,377 |
Finally, when the user is asked by the robot to end the learning session by pressing a button, the robot gives recommendations on what to repeat and practice at home, based on the performance: if more than 50% of a subtopic were wrong, the robot suggests to particularly repeat and practice that topic at home (e.g., “UTF-8 encoding and decoding has not been done correctly yet. I recommend you to practice this topic in particular. The best way to learn it is to work on more practical exercises”). If the participants got more than 50% right in every subtopic, the robot praises the user for his or her good performance and encourages the user to keep going.
| 1 | 2other
| 1Other
|
[
"Computer Science"
] |
185,428 |
IFR estimates are typically made in the context of adequate capacity of health care services including hospital beds and ICU beds. Should the demand for ICU beds exceed the supply, then the IFR would be expected to rise. In this paper we describe a demand and capacity model designed to estimate the number of COVID-19 deaths that would directly arise from a lack of ICU and ward beds. Such a model currently does not exist for the UK in the public domain.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Epidemiology"
] |
304,316 |
At the end of this paper, then, we would like to make a plea for more diverse representations of infertile women in popular culture. This may entail reproducing “abnormal” and “risky” bodies in infertility treatment not as part of a culture of blaming and shaming, but just as a part of life that should not necessarily be erased. Such representations may also involve actually showing abjectness in infertility treatment, that is: visualizing women giving birth, having miscarriages, or being sick. It may also include countering the current pro-natal representations by incorporating voices and experiences of childless women. The point of this more broadened representation is not only to negotiate, challenge, and transform the dominant cultural depiction of infertile women as abnormal, different, or as dirty, but—perhaps surprisingly—also to reproduce such perceptions, albeit while carrying a different meaning. Such representations, after all, could show that falling outside of what is regarded as normal—taking risks, messiness, and the possibility of ending up childless—may be part and parcel of experiences of infertility and infertility treatment and do not have to be subject to condemnation, alteration, or elimination. It is in this way that monstrous representations can be perceived as truly being emancipatory: in their representation, we would not only normalize abnormality—or abnormalize normality for that matter—but also acknowledge and appreciate abnormality in and for itself.
| 2 | 2other
| 1Other
|
[
"Reproductive Health"
] |
295,430 |
Although pin_hic has great potential to be applied in the real de novo sequencing projects, it required some further improvements: (1) It assumes the input assembly contains no mis-assemblies, so no module is designed to resolve chimeric assemblies, the misjoin detection algorithm can make breaks on joins, however it can not find mis-assemblies within a contig; (2) It still depends on users to specify the number of iterations, however users may set up a small number leading to short scaffolds. Although misjoin detection method is not affected by the scaffold lengths, user can choose a large number to produce more continuous results, it is useful to develop a automatic stop mechanism to save runtime. (3) Unlike mate pair reads, the distance and the relative orientation between Hi-C read pairs are not known, which makes it hard to determine gap sizes in a scaffold.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Bioinformatics",
"Genomics"
] |
337,208 |
The genomes of mycobacteria belonging to the M. tuberculosis complex encode 77 toxin-antitoxin (TA) modules, a disproportionate number compared to the five modules encoded by non-tubercular mycobacteria such as M. smegmatis (5 TAs), Mycobacterium marinum (4 TAs), or Mycobacterium ulcerans (3 TAs; Slayden et al., 2018). Most of the M. tuberculosis TA modules belong to type II, characterized by a toxin with endoribonuclease activity and an antitoxin that binds the toxin to neutralize its action. Specific environmental stimuli induce antitoxin degradation, allowing the toxin to exert its action on its specific target, such as the ribosome, specific tRNAs, or messenger RNAs (mRNAs; Slayden et al., 2018; Barth et al., 2019) with a consequent slow-down of metabolism and arrest of cellular division. TA modules can be stochastically induced, allowing the presence of non-growing (persister) subpopulations either in the absence of stress or upon stimulation by different environmental cues leading to an increase in the size of such subpopulations. The presence of so many TA systems in M. tuberculosis suggests that they may have a very important role in its life-style. It has been hypothesized that these systems are responsible not only for M. tuberculosis persistence to drugs, but also for the detection and integration of the environmental stimuli encountered by the bacteria during infection, which direct them toward the development and maintenance of the dormant state typical of latent tuberculosis (Slayden et al., 2018). The role of M. tuberculosis TA systems in persistence to drugs has been characterized for TAs belonging to the RelBE and MazEF subgroups. In both cases, induction of the toxin component in the absence of its cognate antitoxin leads to bacteriostasis and lower susceptibility to the killing action of bactericidal drugs. Moreover, M. tuberculosis mutants missing one or more of these TA systems were shown to be killed by drugs at higher frequency than their wild type parental strain (Singh et al., 2010; Tiwari et al., 2015). Interestingly, each TA system was able to provide increased survival to a specific drug, or set of drugs, suggesting a specific and diversified role of the different TA systems (Singh et al., 2010; Tiwari et al., 2015). Unfortunately, even if these data strongly suggest the involvement of TA systems in persistence development, neither time-lapse microscopy to follow the fate of single cells or time to kill experiments at different time points were performed, therefore the precise mechanism undergoing this phenomenon still awaits full clarification.
| 5 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Microbiology"
] |
43,187 |
(A–E) Rh18 ERMS cells following MYF5 knockdown and (F–J) RD ERMS cells following MYOD knockdown. EdU/PI Flow cytometry analysis performed at 72 hr post transfection with shRNAs (A,F). AnnV Flow cytometry quantification performed at 96 hr post siRNA transfection (B,G) or shRNA transfection (C–D). Quantitation of nuclei counts performed on shRNA treated cells at 96 hr post infection (E,H). (I,J) Sphere colony formation assays performed in RD ERMS cells. Representative images of sh-SCR, sh-MYOD #1 and sh-MYOD #2 treated cells (I), images denote growth when seeding at 1 × 104 cells/well). Quantification of total spheres formed following seeding with different numbers of cells/well (J). Analysis was completed as technical replicates and completed ≥3 independent times with similar results. *p<0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.001 by Student’s t-test. Scale bar equals 50 um.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Molecular Biology",
"Oncology"
] |
164,801 |
All participants were given detailed written information regarding the study’s background and purpose, and they all provided written informed consent. They were assured that their names and identities would not be disclosed, were given the authors’ contact information, and were told they had the right to withdraw from the study at any time. All data were stored in a locked and fireproof filing cabinet, and will be destroyed at the end of the study.
| 1 | 0biomedical
| 1Other
|
[
"Research Ethics"
] |
94,690 |
Husbands' education status showed statistically significant association with mothers' knowledge on dietary diversity for 6–23-month-old children. The mothers whose husbands had had secondary and above education level were more knowledgeable on dietary diversity for 6–23-month-old children. This finding is consistent with the finding of the study conducted in Bangladesh .
| 2 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Nutrition"
] |
139,101 |
We found that scissors were the tool used to cut the cord according to the vast majority of participants from all groups. These scissors were either bought specifically for the birth, previously owned or, in fewer cases, brought by a health provider. In any case, they were always disinfected with boiling water.
| 2 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Obstetrics"
] |
151,534 |
The receptive field is defined as the area size mapped on the original image by each pixel on the feature map output from each layer in the CNN. The neuron’s receptive field value decides the original range it can cover, meaning that it may contain more global features. Figure 2a shows the range of neuron receptive fields in the third layer of the 1-DCNN, with a convolutional kernel size of 3 × 1 and a step size of 1 × 1. The marked blue neurons in the third layer are mapped from the blue regions in the first layer, that is, the receptive field size of the input sequence data corresponding to a neuron in the output feature map 2 is 5 × 1.
| 4 | 2other
| 0Study
|
[
"Computer Science",
"AI"
] |
309,297 |
The information, options, choices, and safety planning strategies provided on the safety apps were also found to increase a feeling of empowerment [2, 11, 44, 64]. For example, one participant commented: “[A young woman] should feel relieved. Like she is equipped to know what to do, and not lost and drowning her sorrows and burden by herself. Like someone is there to help her” ( p. 209).
| 2 | 2other
| 1Other
|
[
"Psychology"
] |
283,774 |
Agreement rate \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$R_a$$\end{document}Ra over 4000 epochs for different sampling methods for image generation. Training used direct sampling with QA (solid line), MCMC \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$(T_\text{in},\Delta t)=(200,10)$$\end{document}(Tin,Δt)=(200,10) (dotted line), and MCMC \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$(T_\text{in},\Delta t)=(1000,50)$$\end{document}(Tin,Δt)=(1000,50) (dashed-dotted line).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Biomedical Imaging"
] |
87,578 |
A 250 mL quartz round-bottom-flask was charged with 1 (333 mg, 0.45 mmol), NaN3 (146 mg, 2.25 mmol) and THF (100 mL). The mixture was stirred overnight under UV irradiation to yield a yellow solution. The solvent was removed in vacuo. Minor impurities were removed by washing with Et2O. The remaining solid was extracted into THF and filtered through Celite to yield a yellow solution. The solvent was removed in vacuo to afford a yellow solid (201 mg, 56% based on PhB(MesIm)3MnCl). X-Ray quality crystals were obtained by the slow diffusion of n-pentane into a THF solution of the product at –35 °C. 1H NMR (400 MHz, C6D6): δ 12.8 (2H, o/m-C6H5); 10.8 (3H, Im-H); 9.3 (2H, o/m-C6H5); 8.9 (1H, p-C6H5); 7.0 (6H, Mes m-H); 2.7 (9H, Mes p-CH3); –3.2 (18H, Mes o-CH3); –11.9 (3H, Im-H). Elemental analysis calcd for C42H44BMnN7·0.5C4H8O (%) C 71.35, H 6.53, N 13.24; found (%) C 70.56, H 6.51, N 13.32.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Organic Chemistry"
] |
293,482 |
The fluorescence spectrum of C-dots (5 μg/mL) was tested by a fluorescence spectrometer (FL, F97 Pro, Shanghai Prism Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China). Put 3 mL of C-dots solution into a 1 cm × 1 cm × 3 cm cuvette and put it into the FL base to test the fluorescence spectrum. The scanning mode is three-dimensional wavelength scanning. The excitation wavelength is 200–900 nm, and the excitation width is 10 nm. The emission wavelength is 200–900 nm, and the emission width is 10 nm. The scanning speed is 1000 nm/min, and the scanning interval is 1 nm. The gain is 650 V.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Nanotechnology",
"Spectroscopy"
] |
225,233 |
Considering the prognostic role of LINC-ROR, its function in tumor progression, and its correlation with stemness markers, a probable correlation may be existed between the expression of LINC-ROR and SALL4 in tumorigenesis. Therefore, we aimed in the current study to evaluate the expression of LINC-ROR in tumor and adjacent non-cancerous tissues of GC patients and to investigate its probable linkage with SALL4 stemness regulator, as well as their correlation with clinicopathological features of patients.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Oncology"
] |
131,898 |
PLM system combined with cognitive evaluation theory, equity theory, social comparison theory, product research and development team members performance evaluation model was constructed to researchers the day-to-day work of the data into big data analysis, combining with the implementation of enterprise itself has the information function, achieve the goal of enterprise management digital integration, will manage the accuracy from the project direction to personnel management direction, And improve the responsibilities of administrative leadership, improve the efficiency of project management [48–52].
| 1 | 2other
| 1Other
|
[
"Management"
] |
345,459 |
Alpha diversity, whether evaluated as observed ASVs (qualitative measure of community richness, Fig. 1a), Faith’s phylogenetic diversity (qualitative measure of community richness incorporating phylogenetic relationships, Fig. 1b), or the Shannon index (quantitative measure of community richness, Fig. 1c), increased with age but with 2-day- and 3-month-old infants clustering in one stratum and 18-month- and 3-year-old children in a second (Fig. 1a–c).Figure 1Saliva microbiota alpha- and beta diversity from 2-days to 18 years of age. Amplicon sequence variant (ASV) based diversities built on results from 924 saliva samples collected at ages 2-days, 3- and 18-months and 3-, 5- and 18-years. Figures a-c show rarefaction curves (alpha diversity) based on (a) observed amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), (b) Faith’s phylogenetic diversity and (c) Shannon index at varying sequencing depths. Figures (d,e) show PCoA plots illustrating beta-diversity based on (d) Jaccard diversity, and (e) Unweighted Unifrac distance for the same ASVs. The first component explained nearly 14% based on the Jaccard diversity of the individual variation and 34% based on the Unweighted Unifrac distance.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Microbiology"
] |
371,976 |
Most existing MRI studies investigated groups undergoing neurodevelopment (Chaddock-Heyman et al., 2016) or older adults (Thomas et al., 2014; Zimmerman et al., 2014) where the mechanistic relationships with aerobic fitness may be different to adults not in stages of either development or decline which may explain why results are not consistent across studies with different age groups. Further evidence for differential effects of aerobic fitness with age comes from a recent structural MRI study by Williams et al. (2017) which reported a positive correlation between cortical thickness and V.O2peak in older adults but an inverse correlation between these measures in young adults. CBF quantification in older adults must also be interpreted with caution where partial volume effects have not been controlled for. Coarse spatial resolution of ASL combined with cortical atrophy and a lack of correction for partial volume errors, plus delayed bolus arrival times may mean that perfusion is mis-estimated in the aging brain.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Neuroimaging"
] |
123,326 |
Comparison of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) signaling pathways in SqCC and ADC. The NSCLC signaling pathways include enzymes, kinases, and transcriptional factors that have roles in protein expression and disease-related biological functions. a SqCC in normal tissue, b SqCC in cancer tissue, c ADC in normal tissue, and d ADC in cancer tissue. Note: green color shows inhibition and red color indicates activation of a cellular function
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Oncology"
] |
43,403 |
Before pressing onto our next objective, namely the “axial-to-point” stereochemical induction, two crucial criteria had to be considered. First, the substrate must exhibit sufficient atropisomeric configurational stability during the axial-to-point stereoinduction event. Second, any preparatory transformations leading to the axial-to-point stereoinduction event must preserve the atropisomeric property within the substrate. In order to assess the configurational stability of the organometallic addition products (5a/5a′–5d/5d′), chromatographically separated and atropisomerically pure biaryl benzylic alcohols were subjected to thermal conditions and their atropisomerization was monitored by 1H NMR analysis (Table 1). Our qualitative analysis revealed that all of the substrates exhibited good configurational stability from low to moderately elevated temperatures (up to 70 °C), with the t-butyl substrates 5c and 5c′ demonstrating extended stability up to 100 °C (for details, see the ESI†).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Organic Chemistry"
] |
77,250 |
ELISA assays were made manually using following the protocol described recently9. Commercial a-dsDNA ELISA kit was purchased from Abcam (cat. no. ab178618). Plates were analysed using a TECAN microplate reader and measuring absorbance at 450 nm. 96-well Maxisorb NUNC microplates were purchased from Thermofisher Scientific.
| 3 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Immunology",
"Molecular Biology"
] |
354,852 |
Determination of serum uric acid was done using a colorimetric kit from Chronolab Systems, with slight modifications of the protocol. The Working reagent (WR) was prepared as described by the kit manufacturer, and the original assay protocol modified to suit a microplate adaptation. Briefly, 200 µL of the working reagent was mixed with either 5 µL serum samples (test), uric acid standard (Std, 6 mg/dl), or WR (blank), and incubated for 5 min. Upon incubation, the uric acid reacted with the components of the WR to produce a red colour, whose intensity was measured at 520 nm using an ELISA plate reader. The absorbencies of sample (ASample), standard (AStd) and blank (Ablank), was used to calculate uric acid concentration as follows:(2)Uric acidμM=ASample−AblankAStd−Ablank×6×59.5.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Biochemistry"
] |
232,218 |
A third form of professional-led, online family support is through the use of video calling, also known as videoconferencing. Parenting programs can be delivered to parents in their homes through videoconferencing platforms (e.g., Zoom or Skype) using a device such as a smartphone, tablet, or a computer. This allows the professional to interact with one or more families in real-time using therapeutic techniques from the in-person program, such as motivational interviewing, video feedback, group interaction, and role play. Several evidence-based parenting programs have been formerly adapted to include videoconferencing within a telehealth delivery model (e.g., Incredible Years, Triple P, and Family Check-Up), while retaining the core components of the in-person program (e.g., positive behavior support). Notably, based on the literature, most telehealth delivery models of parenting programs have coupled live videoconferencing with additional online education modules that parents complete independently at home. However, more recently, research has emerged testing the delivery of parenting programs exclusively through videoconferencing.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 2Review
|
[
"Psychology",
"Telehealth"
] |
355,407 |
Until now, it has been difficult to provide elderly persons with an opportunity to practice before performing hands-on aromatherapy activities. However, the emergence of 3D VR can solve this problem. If 3D VR can be successfully used, the difficulties elderly participants experience when engaging in hands-on aromatherapy activities might be overcome. Another advantage of a 3D VR educational activity is that it can prevent the waste of materials in hands-on activities for institutionalized older adults.
| 2 | 2other
| 1Other
|
[
"Gerontology"
] |
275,266 |
Also, I would recommend moving the Materials&Methods before the Results. In the current version of manuscript, it is very hard to understand the Results section because no information about the modes of software and simulation setups is provided beforehand. (I asked them to add some sentences at the beginning of the Results, but they did not.) I think moving the M&M to the front is easier and PLOS computation biology's style looks flexible according to their guideline.
| 1 | 2other
| 1Other
|
[
"N",
"A"
] |
385,973 |
Sign language is the preferred form of communication for millions of people around the world , and for many signers, written language is a second language. These factors contribute to the many challenges that Deaf and hard-of-hearing people face in day to day interactions with the hearing. For the millions of hearing people who interact with native signers, educational software can be an important part of the learning process and can provide valuable practice opportunities for many critical parts of sign language.
| 1 | 2other
| 1Other
|
[
"Linguistics",
"Communication"
] |
83,499 |
The purpose of the current study was to explore possible factors that could help explain and reconcile the disparate results within this field (e.g., Putnam and Roediger, 2013; Smith et al., 2013; Jönsson et al., 2014). Given the design and findings of these studies, there were five main considerations that governed the overall design of the four experiments of this paper:
| 3 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Research methodology"
] |
284,542 |
The study makes an important contribution to the literature since there are relatively few published examples describing how TRAPD has been implemented in the context of survey research, despite it being the model endorsed in the Guidelines for Best Practice in Cross-Cultural Surveys . Much of the available TRAPD literature relates to translations carried out as part of large and relatively well-resourced surveys, such as the European Social Survey [23–28]. However, as Sha and Lai have argued “[i]t is important to identify a viable translation process that can be adapted and tailored to the varying level of expertise and resources available” .
| 2 | 2other
| 0Study
|
[
"Other"
] |
21,701 |
For these two reasons, convolving the trans DME with a ‘true’ cis distribution, which contains only neutral mutations and mutations that increase expression, results in a prediction that has an increase in the frequency of intermediate and high expression mutants, while showing a decrease in the frequency of low expression mutants. We now include a new table (Table 1), which summarizes how the three categories of mutations (no, intermediate, and high expression mutations) interact under the additive null model. We also provide better explanations of how we utilized convolutions in the main text (subsection “Intermolecular epistasis drives the increase in phenotypic variation”) and in the Materials and methods.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Genetics",
"Molecular Biology"
] |
161,978 |
The bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids and lungs were harvested from wild-type mice (Ncf1+/+) and Ncf1 mutant mice (Ncf1*/*) at day 10 after intravenous injection of B16F10 cells. a The level of IL-1β in the BAL fluid was assessed by flow cytometry. b The number of tumor colonies in lungs per mouse was counted in wild-type mice with injections of rmIL-1β (n = 5) versus PBS (n = 11), and Ncf1 mutant mice with injections of rmIL-1β (n = 8) versus PBS (n = 11). c ROS production by neutrophils in the lungs was assessed by flow cytometry with DHR, after these cells were incubated ex vivo with PMA and DMSO as the control. The lung tissues were collected from wild-type mice with injections of rmIL-1β (n = 5) versus PBS (n = 5), and NCF1-deficient mice with injections of rmIL-1β (n = 5) versus PBS (n = 5) at day 10 post-injection of B16F10 cells. All results are shown as mean ± SEM. Mann–Whitney U test, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Immunology",
"Oncology"
] |
200,982 |
Administrative costs included chair time , pharmacists , clinician consultation , and pre-medication cost (details outlined in Supplementary Materials). For oral treatments, the total annual costs per patient were calculated on a weekly basis, and for IV treatments, the costs calculated per every 21 days (typically the length of one cycle). Supportive costs included clinician consultation , laboratory testing , and imaging procedure costs (details outlined in Supplementary Materials). Similar to administrative costs, total annual oral treatments supportive costs per patient were calculated on a weekly basis, and for IV treatments, the costs are per every 21 days.
| 2 | 0biomedical
| 1Other
|
[
"Health Economics"
] |
248,603 |
#Author’s response. We presume this statement relates to the issue of whether adjustments should have been made because multiple variables were tested in regression analyses. We did already address this question in a detailed response in our previous rebuttal but have restated and expanded this response below.
| 2 | 0biomedical
| 1Other
|
[
"Statistics",
"Epidemiology"
] |
82,870 |
The relatively large inter-hemispheric differences in the reconstructions and the timing of cold and warm peaks cannot or only partly be explained by the PPE. This suggests that internally driven changes in circulation39,67, or circulation response to forcing that is not captured by climate models, may have influenced regional to hemispheric climate on decadal and longer time-scales, with a magnitude comparable to externally forced extremes68,69. Ref.70 showed evidence that such regional differences do not necessarily require an overestimation of external forcing response by the models, because the regional differences can be consistent with model physics. Alternatively, the apparent data-model difference at multi-decadal timescales may also be caused by imperfect pseudoproxy or real world data at lower frequencies.
| 4 | 2other
| 0Study
|
[
"Climatology"
] |
16,977 |
Statistical Analysis. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated to confirm the reproducibility of the measurements (0.96–1.00). After confirming reproducibility, the mean values of two measurements taken on both the Mx and Mn were calculated and compared for each linear measurement of a single C model and two digital models, using a repeated-measurements analysis of variance (ANOVA) (Bonferroni's method). Samples were divided into either the MC or SC group, depending on the severity of crowding; the precision of the linear measurements and the amount of crowding in the three kinds of models were compared by a repeated-measures ANOVA. Finally, the difference in the precision of measurement in each model between the MC and SC groups was confirmed using the Greenhouse-Geisser correction. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS (version 21; SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Biostatistics"
] |
200,718 |
Identification of “sub-healthy individuals” with PD-1 expression in PBMCs. (A) Proportion of CD3+PD-1+ cells was <4% in the PBMCs of healthy individuals. PBMCs of 95 individuals (aged >50 years) were analyzed, of which 16.84% of samples had a proportion of CD3+PD-1+ cells >4%. (B) Proportion of CD3+CD4+PD-1+ cells was <10% in the CD3+CD4+ T cells of healthy individuals. In these 95 individuals, 9.47% of samples had a proportion of CD3+CD4+PD-1+ cells >10%. (C) Proportion of CD3+CD8+PD-1+ cells was <10% in the CD3+CD8+ T cells of healthy individuals. In these 95 individuals, 37.9% of samples had a proportion of CD3+CD8+PD-1+ cells >10%. We defined CD3+PD-1+ cells/PBMCs >4% and CD3+CD8+PD-1+ cells/CD3+CD8+ cell >10% as “sub-healthy individuals” (4.21%).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Immunology"
] |
31,818 |
Based on percentiles of iron physiological requirements described by the IOM for healthy adult women users and non-users of hormonal contraceptives , we constructed probability distributions of bioavailable dietary iron adequacy, varying in 5% increments, within a range of 0–100%, using the interpolation command of the online R program . Then, these distributions were compared to 40 series of theoretical values of absorptions of the usual iron intake from each woman (range, 1–40%) to identify the probability that those different levels of bioavailable iron intake would meet the reference physiological iron requirements. Finally, the groups’ averages of iron inadequacy associated with each of the theoretical dietary iron absorption value was calculated. By approximation, the FeBio of each group was assumed to be the iron absorption value associated with a dietary inadequacy compatible with the prevalence of iron deficiency (SF < 15 μg/L) , given the observed usual total iron intake . Finally, the weighted average of the two estimates separately made for user and non-user of hormonal contraceptives was calculated.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Nutrition and Biochemistry"
] |
161,023 |
Studies were included if they (1) were RCTs, (2) included participants consuming coffee (caffeinated or decaffeinated) for 7 days or more, and (3) evaluated the effects of coffee on insulin sensitivity or resistance using surrogate indices. Studies on green coffee bean extracts or caffeine capsules were excluded.
| 3 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Endocrinology"
] |
110,810 |
MiR-455-3p target genes were analyzed using various on-line miRNA algorithms (diana-microt, microrna.org, mirdb, rna22-has, targetminer, and targetscan-vert). Details about predictive and validated transcripts were obtained by searching hsa-miR-455-3p.1 and hsa-miR-455-3p.2 isoforms. Target genes were checked for following parameters: (i) their representative transcripts, (ii) number of 3P-seq tags supporting UTR +5, (iii) link to sites in UTRs, (iv) conserved sites/poorly conserved sites, (v) cumulative weighted context++ score, (vi) total context++ score, and (vii) aggregate PCT (preferentially conserved targeting) values. Further, Predicted consequential pairing showed the miRNA-target complementarity at inside or outside the seed regions of miRNAs was checked at untranslated regions links (http://www.targetscan.org).
| 5 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Molecular Biology",
"Genetics"
] |
170,732 |
Pooled results from 5 trials showed that more intensive vs less intensive LDL-C–lowering statin-based therapies had similar associations with all-cause mortality (RR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.90-1.15; P = .81; I2 = 0%) (eFigure 6 in the Supplement)21,22,23,24,26 and cardiovascular mortality (RR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.77-1.10; P = .37; I2 = 7%) (eFigure 7 in the Supplement).21,22,24,26,28
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Cardiology"
] |
33,539 |
In this area of the Mediterranean Sea, there is widespread high intensity aquaculture farming. Recent findings regarding DA toxin accumulation in shellfish and clonal strains found to produce DA highlight the necessity of developing methods able to accurately and rapidly determine how many species of Pseudo-nitzschia are present and which are actually producing DA. This information could be of great importance in the assessment of the potential risk of real toxic events in target coastal areas including the Adriatic one investigated in this study.
| 2 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Toxicology",
"Marine Biology"
] |
142,291 |
Formation of the cohort in 2009 was done according to the dental indicators, based on the Dutch uniform dental treatment codes (UPT codes) and oral surgery codes in case of implant placement, as is shown in Table 1. Based on the type of codes, elderly could be grouped in one of three categories: natural dentition, conventional denture or implant-retained overdenture. Elderly participants who changed oral status during this study and elderly who died were then excluded for further research. Fixed implant-retained dentures are rarely seen in the Netherlands, due to the high reimbursements on removable implant-retained overdentures and are therefore not taken into account. Table 1Indicators used by Vektis for the cohort of elderly ≥75 years in 2009Elderly with natural dentitionElderly with conventional dentureElderly with implant-retained overdentureDental careReceived dental care in 2009Received a removable upper and lower denture in 2009Received dental implants and an implant-retained removable overdenture in upper and/or lower jaw in 2009Dental treatmentReceived one of following treatments:- Endodontic treatment- Tooth extraction/surgery- Fixed dental prosthesis (without implants)- Periodontal surgery- Direct dental restorationReceived one of following treatments:- New complete denture- Relining or rebasing of upper and lower dentureReceived the following treatments:- Placement of dental implants- Implant-retained overdenture
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Dentistry",
"Oral Health"
] |
83,124 |
We analyzed the relative importance of the 19 features used for the classification of each contig pair using the ‘Gini importance’ index provided by the R randomForest package, as it has been shown to be useful for feature selection in classification problems (Menze et al., 2009). The most useful feature to predict protein–protein interactions resulted to be the distance between the homologous proteins in the human interactome graph, defined as ‘PATH_LENGTH’ in Figure 2B. This is also apparent by the drop in performance seen when removing the feature from the classifier (Fig. 2A). However, when ignoring all three ‘GO NTO’ features, the performance drop is even more pronounced.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Bioinformatics"
] |
318,636 |
The AMI was used to measure the effect of attention on firing rate and was defined as: \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$ \mathrm{AMI}=\frac{Q_2-{Q}_1}{Q_2+{Q}_1} $$\end{document}AMI=Q2−Q1Q2+Q1where Q1 is the respective firing rate in attend-out trials and Q2 in attend-in trials. Positive values indicate an increase in response by attention, whereas negative values denote suppression.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Neuroscience",
"Neurophysiology"
] |
250,402 |
The majority of workers paid by piece-rate arrangements (109 out of 123 workers) worked on tree pruning/thinning and harvesting-low (no reaching up) and harvesting-high (which required reaching up and likely included work from ladders). In comparison, workers paid by hourly wages worked on tasks such as irrigation, raking and hoeing, sorting and packing, and multiple tasks in one shift. One reason that piece rate was seldom used for such tasks may be that it is difficult to consistently measure the unit of output for these tasks.
| 1 | 2other
| 1Other
|
[
"Agricultural economics"
] |
132,827 |
To explore the antibiotic resistance determinants in the genome of K. pneumoniae from IPN, we independently isolated eight K. pneumoniae strains from eight patients with IPN to perform WGS. First, to rule out cross-infection during sampling, we performed evolutionary analysis to analyze their homology, indicating that these K. pneumoniae genomes were significantly different because of variant SNPs/index (Figure 1B). Next, 42 antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) were screened out in chromatin (Figure 1C) and 27 ARGs in the plasmid (Figure 1D). In detail, the percentage of β-lactamase was 16.67% in the chromatin and 25.93% in the plasmid, that of antibiotic modifying enzymes (AMEs) was 16.67% in the chromatin and 33.33% in the plasmid, while that of efflux systems was 28.57% in the chromatin and 11.11% in the plasmid; these and other pathway distributions are shown in Figure 1E.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Microbiology"
] |
111,940 |
We first confirmed that the cybrids had been independently produced at several sites during the Holocene. The correspondence of haplotypes between cybrids and sympatric hybrids suggests seven de novo transfers of C. neogaeus mtDNA to C. eos. In West‐Qc, cybrids carrying B III haplotype were detected in two geographically close sites. As we cannot rule out the migration of cybrids from one site to another, this result suggests at least one occurrence. In East‐Qc, C. neogaeus mtDNA transferred to C. eos differed among sites and originated from distinct hybrid lineages, supporting five distinct introgression events. While cybrids from sites YA‐1,2 and RI‐3,4 displayed the same sequence, the distinct composition of hybrids did not supported migration between those sites. As hybrids of this region occurred in situ (Vergilino et al., 2016), we can conclude these transfers to C. eos also occurred during the Holocene.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Genetics",
"Evolutionary Biology"
] |
56,225 |
It is very unlikely that transmission of Zika virus infection to patient 2 occurred through a mosquito bite. Although occasional interceptions of exotic mosquito species have occurred at international ports of entry into New Zealand, neither of the Aedes species of mosquito capable of transmitting Zika virus infection is established in the country (10). This case report and results of research into the duration of infectivity of Zika virus in semen can inform the evolving guidelines concerning the recommended duration of abstinence from sexual intercourse and the practice of barrier protection methods to prevent sexual transmission of Zika virus infection.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Virology"
] |
369,933 |
The surgical indications must be strictly defined to select the appropriate population for surgery. While maintaining safety, we strive to expand the indications to more challenging and difficult cases. The minimum age of this group of children was 1 year and 1 month, and the minimum weight was only 10 kg. Infants, especially those younger than 6 months, have thinner arteries and are more susceptible to vascular damage. The right ventricular outflow tracts in children less than 1 year of age are not long; additionally, the pulmonary artery connection has a certain angle, and the transmission device is easily angled, and these factors increases the difficulty of interventional treatment for PDA. Surgical ligation of very large PDAs in infants and young children may be safer and more effective when a suitable occluder option is not available.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Pediatric Cardiology"
] |
374,225 |
With the availability of the banana genome, it is now possible to gain a deeper insight into the mechanisms governing plant height [17–19]. Unbiased modern high-throughput technologies such as whole transcriptome and metabolome have geared up the discovery of genetic factors controlling different traits in plants including, biotic and abiotic stresses, and agronomic traits [20–23]. Furthermore, the combination of multiple omics techniques has resulted in the elucidation of different pathways in banana such as peel ripening and the effect of melatonin on delaying anthracnose incidence [24–26]. In this study, we aimed at identifying the differentially expressed genes and metabolites in pseudostems of Pisang Awak Aifen No. 1 dwarf wild type and its semi-dwarf mutant. The transcriptome and metabolome responses involved hormonal signaling including GA, auxin, BR, ABA, and ethylene, and cell prolification and elongation.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Plant biology",
"genomics"
] |
83,101 |
With the aim to have a sequence assigned to each of the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Comittee (HGNC) symbols (Gray et al., 2015), a list of identifiers and synonyms was downloaded from that project website. One set of human sequences was built using three databases: SwissProt (version 2014/09 Wasmuth and Lima, 2016), TrEMBL (version 2014/09), and ENSEMBL (gene build 79, GRCh38.p2, Yates et al., 2016).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Genetics",
"Genomics"
] |
277,762 |
For affinity purification, a HisTrap™ HP column (Ni2+-chelated Sepharose prep-packed, 1 ml) was connected to an AKTA prime chromatography system (GE Healthcare) equilibrated with 0:100 Buffer B: Buffer A. Buffer A: 20 mM TRIS-HCl (pH 8), 300 mM NaCl, 10% (w/v) glycerol, 0.1 mM PMSF, (0.1% w/v) DDM, Buffer B: 20 mM TRIS-HCl (pH 8), 300 mM NaCl, 10% (w/v) glycerol, 0.1 mM PMSF, 0.1% (w/v) DDM, 500 mM Imidizole, 1 mM 2-Mercaptoethanol. Solubilized, filtered sample was loaded onto HisTrap™ HP column, and after protein binding the column was washed with 10 CV 0:100 Buffer B: Buffer A, then 25 CV 15:85 Buffer B: Buffer A. Protein was eluted with 100% Buffer B and directly injected onto a HiLoad® 16/600 Superdex® gel filtration column before fractions collected using peak fractionation and then pooled and concentrated where required. Pooled fraction concentration determined via a NanoDrop™ spectrophotometer at UV280. A sample of protein was visualized using SDS-PAGE, run on a NuPAGE Bis-Tris Protein Precast gel with MES SDS running buffer, before protein was stored at −80° (Supplementary Figure S2).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Biochemistry",
"Molecular Biology"
] |
55,911 |
Important in the success of oocyte cytoplasmic transfer is the transplantation of mitochondria with intact function. However, an ethical consideration arises during this process, as genetic material is likely to be transferred as well. The use of autologous mitochondria, i.e. mitochondria from the same patient, has been proposed as an answer to the ethical opposition associated with the use of genetically-distinct mitochondria from an unrelated donor and avoids theoretical clinical and biological issues potentially associated with heteroplasmy. Mitochondria can be removed from one group of a patient’s oocytes and transferred to another group (St John, 2014), or somatic mitochondria, such as from cumulus cells, could be transferred. Chappel et al. have even proposed the injection of mitochondria retrieved from oocyte “precursor” cells (Chappel, 2013). At the beginning of 2015, Great Britain took the lead in legalizing the transplantation of mitochondria (Wise, 2014). This intriguing strategy is just beginning to find clinical use, and it has been a promising one for patients with aged and poorquality oocytes.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 2Review
|
[
"Reproductive Biology",
"Genetics"
] |
64,528 |
Table 1 shows the distribution of crosses among Group A × Group B populations.Table 1Distribution of crosses among Group A × Group B populations in both sitesSite 1 (training)Site 2 (validation)Group AGroup AAngolaDeliAngola × DeliDeliGroup BLisombe Kinshasa02802La Mé34 (33)294 (285)1788La Mé × Yangambi / Sibiti02508Nigeria01800Nigeria × La Mé0009Yangambi0981065 (64)TOTAL497 (487)199 (198)
| 3 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Genetics"
] |
322,140 |
By stringently following the inclusion/exclusion criteria, an independent extraction of data from the selected studies was performed by three investigators (NK, AKR and MK) on a customised data extraction e-form (MS Excel). For each study, the following information was collected: first author, year and country of origin, ethnicity, study type, sample size, age distribution of cases and controls, polymorphisms detected, genotyping methods, genotypes distribution for each polymorphism in both cases and controls, and association status with (R)VVI. Furthermore, the quality of selected studies were independently evaluated by two reviewers (NK and MK) using star-rating system (from 0–9) of Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for quality assessment28. Those studies that scored ≥5 stars were ranked from moderate to higher methodological quality. Contradictions in regard to data extraction, study eligibility and quality assessment were resolved by systematic discussion in the presence of third reviewer (JS).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Genetics",
"Epidemiology"
] |
92,017 |
Detached leaves of Col-0 incubated in the dark became yellowish as they underwent chlorophyll degradation around the 4th day, which was further progressed at the 5th day (Fig. 4c). The dark-inducible leaf senescence was clearly slowed down in the presence of DCMU, but enhanced in the presence of ACC as ethylene promotes senescence progression19. Chlorophyll contents were relatively lower in Col-0 at the 4th day in the dark, but remained high in the presence of DCMU regardless of ACC (Fig. 4c,d). All results indicated together that DCMU delays leaf senescence, interestingly, independent of light conditions.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Plant biology"
] |
311,181 |
The positive sheep in the CD11c+B1 lymphocyte group that received B54-derived inoculum had starkly different incubation periods. The incubation period in sheep #949 was 2.1× longer than that in sheep #961. The discrepancy cannot be accounted for by genotype; both sheep were the VRQ/ARQ genotype. One explanation could be human error during inoculum preparation or inoculation procedures. This is unlikely, given the meticulous procedures regarding the preparation and delivery of inocula. Each tube of CD11c+B1 lymphocytes was treated equally: collection, counting and separation into 10 tubes containing 3.66×106 cells 1 ml−1 PBS. The difference between the incubation periods in these animals is less interesting than the long duration of incubation in these sheep. In comparison, sheep with the VRQ/ARQ genotype oronasally inoculated with 0.1 g of 13–7 scrapie have a mean incubation period of 691 days . Sheep with the VRQ/ARQ genotype intracranially inoculated with 0.1 g of 13–7 scrapie have an average incubation period of 428 days (internal unpublished data). The sheep in the present study were also inoculated intracranially, but they have a much longer incubation period. This discrepancy in incubation periods highlights the low levels of PrPSc associated with CD11c+B1 lymphocytes compared to brain homogenate-derived inocula.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Immunology",
"Neurology"
] |
87,760 |
Between June 30 and July 6, 2015, a total of 56 male and 48 female hermit crabs from Dongsha and 43 male and 22 female hermit crabs from Siziwan were collected for ectoparasite examination. No parasite was found on the Dongsha crabs, but three hermit crabs, two males and one female, from Siziwan were infected by unidentified ectoparasites. These infected individuals were not smaller than those uninfected hermit crabs examined in the condition index analysis for the same site (unpublished, data available in Hsu 2015).
| 2 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Parasitology"
] |
271,173 |
The main benefit of the HTTP/2 protocol is the parallel processing of request streams within one connection to use network resources more efficiently and to reduce latency. HTTP/2 defines a new basic unit of communication—the frame. Each frame contains a header and data. The header consists of length, type, and flag values. A collection of frames is called a message, which forms a complete request or response. The protocol then transmits these messages bidirectionally in HTTP/2 streams. In HTTP/2, several properties are further defined to increase the efficiency of data transmission such as stream multiplexing and stream prioritization. More information can be found in . On the other hand, these new features may pose new security risks. HTTP/2 connections can be memory-intensive, despite the header compression. The size of the allocated space is defined by the SETTINGS frame. This frame can be misused for a slow DoS attack by swapping, repeating individual parts of the frame, or creating new undefined parameters. An attacker can also abuse the WINDOW_UPDATE and PRIORITY frames similarly. Another option is to flood the target with a large number of small empty frames and force it to extend the processing time .
| 1 | 2other
| 1Other
|
[
"Computer Networking"
] |
224,565 |
Peanut testa in different pigmented areas at DAF30 and DAF45 were stored at − 80 ℃. Samples were crushed using a mixer mill (MM 400, Retsch) with one zirconia bead (1.5 min, 30 Hz). One-hundred mg of powder was weighed and extracted overnight at 4 ℃ with 1.0 mL of 70% aqueous methanol. Following centrifugation at 10,000g for 10 min, the extracts were absorbed (CNWBOND Carbon-GCB SPE Cartridge, 250 mg, 3 mL; ANPEL, Shanghai, China) and filtrated (SCAA-104, 0.22 μm pore size; ANPEL, Shanghai, China) before liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS) analysis.HPLC Conditions: HPLC: column, Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 (1.8 µm, 2.1 mm*100 mm); solvent system, water (0.04% acetic acid): acetonitrile (0.04% acetic acid); gradient program,100:0 V/V at 0 min, 5:95 V/V at 11.0 min, 5:95 V/V at 12.0 min, 95:5 V/V at 12.1 min, 95:5 V/V at 15.0 min; flow rate, 0.40 mL/min; temperature, 40 ℃; injection volume: 5 μL.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Biochemistry"
] |
239,210 |
In the multilayer GWSPR structure, the transfer matrix method (TMM) is used for numerical simulation, and the incident light is the He-Ne laser beam (λ = 633 nm) in TM-polarized mode. The characteristic transfer matrix (M) of the multilayer GWSPR structure is given as:(5)M=∏k=2N−1Mk=M11M12M21M22, with (6)Mk==cosβk −isinβk/qk−iqksinβk cosβk where (7)βk=2πdkλ(εk−n12sin2θ)1/2, and (8)qk=(εk−n12sin2θ)1/2εk, where θ is the incident angle and n1 is the refractive index of prism (np). Then the total reflection coefficient rp is defined as:(9)rp=M11+M12qNq1−M21+M22qNM11+M12qNq1+M21+M22qN.
| 5 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Biophotonics"
] |
274,210 |
MAS (also called secondary HLH) is characterized by the activation and proliferation of macrophages and T cells. The term MAS is used when a hemophagocytic syndrome develops in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and other rheumatologic conditions such as Kawasaki disease. MAS is thought of as HLH in the setting of a rheumatologic disorder rather than as a separate syndrome . It was felt to be less likely in this case since the patient did not have any known diagnosis of underlying rheumatologic or autoimmune condition.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 1Other
|
[
"Immunology",
"Rheumatology"
] |
84,946 |
For example, a cell persists in virtue of its ability to create and maintain a boundary (cell-surface), through which it interacts with the environment, thereby maintaining the integrity of the boundary. It is this autopoiesis, or self-creation, which enables the system to limit the possible states it visits, and thus to survive (Varela et al. 1974). The FEP recasts this as a kind of self-fulfilling prophecy, in which an organism itself constitutes, in the generative sense, a belief that it will prevail within certain embodied and environmental conditions. In short, the very existence of a system depends upon conserving its boundary, known technically as a Markov blanket, so that it remains distinguishable from its environment—into which it would otherwise dissipate. The computational ‘function’ of the organism is here fundamentally and inescapably bound up into the kind of living being the organism is, and the kinds of neighbourhoods it must inhabit.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Systems Biology"
] |
342,542 |
In conclusion, our results suggested that U. prolifera extract alleviated oxidative stress and improved mitochondrial function in the small intestine of weaned piglets challenged with hydrogen peroxide. Moreover, the Nrf2 signaling pathway played a critical role in mediating these effects. Our results provide potential applications of U. prolifera in animal feed and for medical purposes. These alternative uses indicate effective methods to bring the environmental damage under control and to profit from green tide events.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Animal Nutrition",
"Toxicology"
] |
373,215 |
Therefore, we assume that the first 10% of the edges in the LEWF attack sequence of Cos+ are the key edges, represented by pentagram star, and mark the corresponding positions of these edges in the attack sequence of ACT and EASOWA, as shown in Figure 6a. Similarly, the first 10% of the edges in the LEWF attack sequence of ACT are assumed to be ordinary edges, represented by inverted triangles, and the corresponding positions of these edges in the attack sequence of Cos+ and EASOWA are marked out, as shown in Figure 6b.
| 1 | 2other
| 1Other
|
[
"Network Analysis",
"Graph Theory"
] |
295,491 |
A FRET sensor usually consists of a modification site and a modification-binding domain in between a donor and an acceptor FP . The very first epigenetic FRET sensors were designed for histone methylation with HP1 or Polycomb CD and phosphorylation with 14-3-3τ in combination with histone and an H3 N-terminal peptide . As these probes do not have histone fold regions, they are unlikely to be incorporated into nucleosomes. Chromatin-bound FRET sensors harboring a full-length histone protein have therefore been developed to monitor acetylation, methylation and phosphorylation in a more natural setting. A series of Histac FRET sensors detect changes in the levels of H3K9ac, H3K14ac, H4K12ac and H4K5/8ac [75–78]. These sensors, consisting of an H3 or H4 histone, a bromodomain and a pair of FPs, have been shown to be useful for screening and evaluating chemical drugs that target histone acetyltransferases, histone deacetylases (HDACs) and acetyl-reader bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) family proteins, which are associated with the onset of aggressive cancers. A FRET sensor using H3K9ac-specific scFv as the binding module to acetylation has also been shown to sensitively detect the effect of HDAC inhibitors . The dynamic changes of histone H3K9 trimethylation and H3S10 phosphorylation were monitored by FRET sensors using HP1 CD and yeast Rad53 FHA2 phosphothreonin-binding domain, respectively, as the modification binding modules . By using the CFP-YFP and LLSmOrange-FusionRed FRET pairs, both H3K9me3 and H3S10ph levels were detected simultaneously.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Epigenetics"
] |
344,825 |
Currently, TFF peptides seem to have rather structural roles as part of the insoluble gastric inner mucus–bicarbonate barrier layer (TFF2/MUC6 complex) or as part of a postulated mucosal clearance/barrier system for different microbes (TFF3–FCGBP, TFF1–FCGBP). The latter might also be able to trap viruses with the help of immunoglobulins on mucosal surfaces. Both of these functions would indicate important roles of TFF2 and TFF3/TFF1 for the mucosal innate immune defense against pathogenic bacteria and viruses . This is in line with the observation that TFF3 expression is regulated via TLR2 by commensal bacteria . In contrast, the gastric tumor suppressor TFF1, with its free thiol group, could extracellularly protect the stomach from ROS and RNS. Furthermore, an intracellular function of TFF1 is still within the limits of expectation (folding of glycoproteins, such as MUC5AC, in the ER or even regulating gene expression).
| 5 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Gastroenterology",
"Immunology"
] |
380,641 |
The paper below is organized in the following way. Literature Review introduces the sport tourism and the TPB used in this paper. Research Methodology provides research framework and hypothesis, measurement, sampling site, sampling method, and respondents’ profile of this research. Results includes the examination of offending estimate, confirmatory factor analysis, reliability and validity, and hypotheses testing. Conclusions, Contribution, and Suggestions presents the conclusions, theoretical contributions, empirical suggestions, and suggestions for future research of this study.
| 1 | 2other
| 1Other
|
[
"Other"
] |
18,240 |
To detect and measure the generation of mitochondrial ROS, membrane potential, and Ca2+ concentration, we used the specific fluorescent probes Mito-Sox, TMRE, and Rhod-2AM (Invitrogen), respectively. siRNA-transfected cells, and magnetically sorted CD133+ and CD133− endometrial cancer cells were cultured and then incubated with 1 mM Mito-Sox for 20 minutes, or with 5 mM TMRE, or Rhod2-AM for 30 minutes at 37°C. The levels of the fluorescent probes were measured using a FACSCantoII flow cytometer (BD Biosciences).
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Cell Biology"
] |
99,640 |
Numerous other neuropathogenic protozoa interact with the blood-brain barrier for the establishment of CNS infections . The elucidation of a role for mTOR in the core processes of blood-brain barrier destruction for these additional pathogens could establish rapamycin as a novel therapeutic strategy to combat cerebral pathology caused by these protozoa.
| 4 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Neurobiology",
"Parasitology"
] |
113,624 |
The HSSP36 database of was downloaded, and proteins with only one protein in the alignment (that is, themselves) were selected. For the positive set, only proteins containing NA-binding relevant terms as previously explained were taken. This resulted in a set of nine proteins. For the negative set, from all proteins that did not contain any NA-binding relevant terms, ten proteins were used.
| 3 | 0biomedical
| 0Study
|
[
"Bioinformatics"
] |
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