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Pinecone 49

33616858

10.1097/JTO.0000000000000291

Stage classification is an important underpinning of management of patients with cancer, and rests on a combination of three components: T for tumor extent, N for nodal involvement, and M for more distant metastases. This article details an initiative to develop proposals for the first official stage classification system for thymic malignancies for the 8th edition of the stage classification manuals. Specifically, the results of analysis of a large database and the considerations leading to the proposed N and M components are described. Nodal involvement is divided into an anterior (N1) and a deep (N2) category. Metastases can involve pleural or pericardial nodules (M1a) or intraparenchymal pulmonary nodules or metastases to distant sites (M1b)

The IASLC/ITMIG Thymic Epithelial Tumors Staging Project: proposals for the N and M components for the forthcoming (8th) edition of the TNM classification of malignant tumors

the iaslc/itmig thymic epithelial tumors staging project: proposals for the n and m components for the forthcoming (8th) edition of the tnm classification of malignant tumors

underpinning rests nodal involvement distant metastases. initiative proposals official thymic malignancies edition manuals. considerations described. nodal involvement divided anterior category. metastases involve pleural pericardial nodules intraparenchymal pulmonary nodules metastases distant

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34996888

10.1103/PhysRevD.87.012010

The azimuthal cos{\phi} and cos2{\phi} modulations of the distribution of hadrons produced in unpolarized semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering of electrons and positrons off hydrogen and deuterium targets have been measured in the HERMES experiment. For the first time these modulations were determined in a four-dimensional kinematic space for positively and negatively charged pions and kaons separately, as well as for unidentified hadrons. These azimuthal dependences are sensitive to the transverse motion and polarization of the quarks within the nucleon via, e.g., the Cahn, Boer-Mulders and Collins effects

Azimuthal distributions of charged hadrons, pions, and kaons produced in deep-inelastic scattering off unpolarized protons and deuterons

azimuthal distributions of charged hadrons, pions, and kaons produced in deep-inelastic scattering off unpolarized protons and deuterons

azimuthal modulations hadrons unpolarized inclusive inelastic positrons deuterium targets hermes experiment. modulations kinematic positively negatively pions kaons separately unidentified hadrons. azimuthal dependences quarks nucleon e.g. cahn boer mulders collins

exact_dup

35085435

10.1007/JHEP12(2014)118

The Nekrasov-Shatashvili limit of β -ensembles with polynomial potential and N = 2 $$ \mathcal{N}=2 $$ supersymmetric gauge theories in the Ω-background is intimately related to complex one-dimensional quantum mechanics. Multi-instanton corrections in quantum mechanics, inferable from exact quantization conditions, imply additional non-perturbative corrections to the Nekrasov-Shatashvili free energies. Besides filling some of the gaps in previous derivations, we present analytic expressions for such additional non-perturbative corrections in the case of SU(2) gauge theory expanded at strong coupling. In contrast, at weak coupling these additional non-perturbative corrections appear to be negligible

Non-perturbative quantum geometry II

non-perturbative quantum geometry ii

nekrasov shatashvili ensembles mathcal supersymmetric intimately mechanics. instanton mechanics inferable quantization imply perturbative nekrasov shatashvili energies. besides filling gaps derivations analytic expressions perturbative expanded coupling. perturbative negligible

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35089029

10.1007/JHEP09(2015)212

The generic quantum τ 2 -model (also known as Baxter-Bazhanov-Stroganov (BBS) model) with periodic boundary condition is studied via the off-diagonal Bethe Ansatz method. The eigenvalues of the corresponding transfer matrix (solutions of the recursive functional relations in τ j -hierarchy) with generic site-dependent inhomogeneity parameters are given in terms of an inhomogeneous T − Q relation with polynomial Q -functions. The associated Bethe Ansatz equations are obtained. Numerical solutions of the Bethe Ansatz equations for small number of sites indicate that the inhomogeneous T − Q relation does indeed give the complete spectrum

Off-diagonal Bethe Ansatz solution of the τ 2 -model

off-diagonal bethe ansatz solution of the τ 2 -model

generic baxter bazhanov stroganov diagonal bethe ansatz method. eigenvalues recursive hierarchy generic inhomogeneity inhomogeneous functions. bethe ansatz obtained. bethe ansatz inhomogeneous

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35091197

10.1007/JHEP03(2015)066

Quiver quantum mechanics describes the low energy dynamics of a system of wrapped D-branes. It captures several aspects of single and multicentered BPS black hole geometries in four-dimensional N $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 2 supergravity such as the presence of bound states and an exponential growth of microstates. The Coulomb branch of an Abelian three node quiver is obtained by integrating out the massive strings connecting the D-particles. It allows for a scaling regime corresponding to a deep AdS 2 throat on the gravity side. In this scaling regime, the Coulomb branch is shown to be an SL(2, ℝ) invariant multi-particle superconformal quantum mechanics. Finally, we integrate out the strings at finite temperature — rather than in their ground state — and show how the Coulomb branch ‘melts’ into the Higgs branch at high enough temperatures. For scaling solutions the melting occurs for arbitrarily small temperatures, whereas bound states can be metastable and thus long lived. Throughout the paper, we discuss how far the analogy between the quiver model and the gravity picture, particularly within the AdS 2 throat, can be taken

Conformal quivers and melting molecules

conformal quivers and melting molecules

quiver mechanics describes wrapped branes. captures multicentered geometries mathcal supergravity exponential microstates. coulomb branch abelian quiver integrating massive strings connecting particles. throat side. coulomb branch superconformal mechanics. integrate strings coulomb branch ‘melts’ branch temperatures. melting arbitrarily metastable lived. analogy quiver picture throat

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35091520

10.1007/JHEP02(2015)007

The energy dependence of the electroweak gauge couplings has not been measured above the weak scale. We propose that percent-level measurements of the energy dependence of α 1,2 can be performed now at the LHC and at future higher energy hadron colliders. These measurements can be used to set limits on new particles with electroweak quantum numbers without relying on any assumptions about their decay properties. The shape of the high invariant mass spectrum of Drell-Yan, pp → Z * /γ * → ℓ + ℓ − , constrains α 1,2 ( Q ), and the shape of the high transverse mass distribution of pp → W * → ℓν constrains α 2 ( Q ). We use existing data to perform the first fits to α 1,2 above the weak scale. Percent-level measurements are possible because of high precision in theoretical predictions and existing experimental measurements. We show that the LHC already has the reach to improve upon electroweak precision tests for new particles that dominantly couple through their electroweak charges. The 14 TeV LHC is sensitive to the predicted Standard Model (SM) running of α 2 , and can show that α 2 decreases with energy at 2-3 σ significance. A future 100 TeV proton-proton collider will have significant reach to measure running weak couplings, with sensitivity to the SM running of α 2 at 4-5 σ and sensitivity to winos with masses up to ∼ 1 . 3 TeV at 2 σ

Running electroweak couplings as a probe of new physics

running electroweak couplings as a probe of new physics

electroweak couplings scale. propose percent hadron colliders. electroweak relying assumptions properties. drell constrains constrains fits scale. percent precision measurements. electroweak precision dominantly couple electroweak charges. running significance. proton proton collider running couplings running winos

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41116651

10.1016/j.jri.2007.11.002

The in vitro effect of seminal vesicle protein IV (SV-IV) on the cytotoxic activity of human natural or acquired cellular immunity has been investigated by standard immunological procedures, a 51Cr-release cytotoxicity assay, and labeled-ligand binding experiments.\ud The data obtained demonstrate that: (1) fluoresceinated or [125I]-labeled SV-IV binds specifically to the surface of human purified non-adherent monuclear cells (NA-MNC); (2)SV-IV suppresses the cytotoxicity of natural killer (NK) cells against K562 target cells, that of IL-2-stimulated NK (LAK) cells against DAUDI target cells, and that of VEL antigen-sensitized cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) against VEL target cells; (3) treatment of K562 target cells alone with SV-IV decreases their susceptibility to NK-induced lysis. These findings indicate that the protein SV-IV has a marked in vitro inhibitory effect on NK, LAK and CTL cytotoxicity, providing a better understanding of its immune regulatory functions

Anti-apoptotic seminal vesicle protein IV inhibits cell-mediated immunity.

anti-apoptotic seminal vesicle protein iv inhibits cell-mediated immunity.

seminal vesicle cytotoxic acquired immunity immunological cytotoxicity labeled ligand experiments. fluoresceinated labeled binds purified adherent monuclear suppresses cytotoxicity killer stimulated daudi antigen sensitized cytotoxic lymphocytes ctls susceptibility lysis. marked inhibitory cytotoxicity immune regulatory

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41139360

10.1051/e3sconf/20130103006

This work focuses on the heavy metals contents of the size-segregated urban aerosol of the continental area of Balkans. The distribution of nano/micron heavy metals in the size-segregated urban aerosol of Belgrade center was studied during the summer–autumn of 2008. The particle size distribution in the size ranges Dp ≤ 0.49 μm, 0.49 ≤ Dp ≤ 0.95 μm, 0.95 ≤ Dp ≤ 1.5 μm, 1.5 ≤ Dp ≤ 3.0 μm, 3.0 ≤ Dp ≤ 7.2 μm and Dp ≥ 7.2 μm was measured. The aerosol samples were submitted to gravimetric and chemical analyses. The obtained mean mass concentration of the PM fractions was in accordance with an urban aerosol distribution. The aerosol mass concentrations were determined by gravimetric measurements (mGM) and, for heavy metals analyzed by ICP/MS

Size-segregated concentration of heavy metals in an urban aerosol of the Balkans region (Belgrade)

size-segregated concentration of heavy metals in an urban aerosol of the balkans region (belgrade)

focuses metals contents segregated aerosol continental balkans. nano micron metals segregated aerosol belgrade summer–autumn ranges measured. aerosol submitted gravimetric analyses. fractions accordance aerosol distribution. aerosol gravimetric metals

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41139995

10.1016/j.apcata.2014.11.013

The water soluble pyridyl-triazole ligand sodium 2-(1-((pyridin-2-yl)methyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl) ethyl sulfate (Nal) has been successfully employed in combination with ruthenium and iridium for catalytic hydrogenation of C=C and C=O double bonds in water/toluene biphasic systems. Reaction of the ligand with [RuCl2(eta(6)-p-cymene)](2) affords the new water soluble complex [RuCl(eta(6)-p-cymene)(1)] (2) which has been found to be catalytically active in the water/organic solvent biphasic hydrogenation using styrene and 2-cyclohexen-1-one as model substrates. Very conveniently, the iridium based catalytic system is prepared by simply stirring in water [Ir(eta(4)-COD)C1]2 with Nal (Ir:Nal molar ratio-1:4), the resulting solution is catalytically active and appears more efficient than 2. With both the Ru- and Ir-based systems the catalytically active aqueous phases can be used at least three times without loss of activity

A pyridyl-triazole ligand for Ruthenium and Iridium catalyzed C=C and C=O hydrogenations in water/organic solvent biphasic systems

a pyridyl-triazole ligand for ruthenium and iridium catalyzed c=c and c=o hydrogenations in water/organic solvent biphasic systems

soluble pyridyl triazole ligand sodium pyridin methyl triazol ethyl sulfate successfully ruthenium iridium catalytic hydrogenation bonds toluene biphasic systems. ligand rucl cymene affords soluble rucl cymene catalytically solvent biphasic hydrogenation styrene cyclohexen substrates. conveniently iridium catalytic stirring molar catalytically catalytically aqueous

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42627768

10.1007/s11166-012-9140-x

Two experiments show that violations of expected utility due to ambiguity, found in general decision experiments, also affect belief aggregation. Hence we use modern ambiguity theories to analyze belief aggregation, thus obtaining more refined and empirically more valid results than traditional theories can provide. We can now confirm more reliably that conflicting (heterogeneous) beliefs where some agents express certainty are processed differently than informationally equivalent imprecise homogeneous beliefs. We can also investigate new phenomena related to ambiguity. For instance, agents who express certainty receive extra weight (a cognitive effect related to ambiguity-generated insensitivity) and generate extra preference value (source preference; a motivational effect related to ambiguity aversion). Hence, incentive compatible belief elicitations that prevent manipulation are especially warranted when agents express certainty. For multiple prior theories of ambiguity, our findings imply that the same prior probabilities can be treated differently in different contexts, suggesting an interest of corresponding generalizations

Aggregating imprecise or conflicting beliefs: An experimental investigation using modern ambiguity theories

aggregating imprecise or conflicting beliefs: an experimental investigation using modern ambiguity theories

violations utility ambiguity belief aggregation. modern ambiguity analyze belief aggregation obtaining refined empirically valid traditional provide. confirm reliably conflicting heterogeneous beliefs express certainty processed differently informationally imprecise homogeneous beliefs. phenomena ambiguity. express certainty receive extra ambiguity insensitivity extra preference preference motivational ambiguity aversion incentive compatible belief elicitations prevent manipulation warranted express certainty. ambiguity imply probabilities differently contexts generalizations

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43095301

10.1007/s10912-014-9315-3

Journal ArticleCopyright © The Author(s) 2014.This article is published with open access at Springerlink.comBeginning with a routine day in the life of a practitioner of yoga and meditation and emphasising the importance of nurturing, maintaining and preventing the dissipation of diverse ‘energies’, this paper explores the possibilities for geographical health studies which take seriously ‘new energy geographies’. It is explained how this account is derived from in-depth fieldwork tracing how practitioners of yoga and meditation find times and spaces for these practices, often in the face of busy urban lifestyles. Attention is paid to the ‘energy talk’ featuring heavily in how practitioners describe the benefits that they perceive themselves to derive from these practices, and to claims made about ‘energies’ generated during the time-spaces of these practices which seemingly flow, usually with positive effects, into other domains of their lives. The paper then discusses the implications of this energy talk in the context of: (a) critically reviewing conventional approaches to studying ‘energy geographies’; (b) identifying an alertness to the likes of ‘affective energies’ surfacing in recent theoretically-attuned works of human geography (and cognate disciplines); and (c) exploring differing understandings of energy/energies extant in geographical studies of health and in step with the empirical research materials presented about yoga, meditation and healthfulness. While orientated towards explicitly geographical inquiries, the paper is intended as a statement of interest to the wider medical humanities.AHR

New Energy Geographies: A Case Study of Yoga, Meditation and Healthfulness

new energy geographies: a case study of yoga, meditation and healthfulness

articlecopyright .this beginning routine practitioner yoga meditation emphasising nurturing maintaining preventing dissipation diverse ‘energies’ explores possibilities geographical seriously ‘new geographies’. fieldwork tracing practitioners yoga meditation practices busy lifestyles. paid ‘energy talk’ featuring heavily practitioners benefits perceive derive practices claims ‘energies’ practices seemingly lives. discusses talk critically reviewing studying ‘energy geographies’ identifying alertness likes ‘affective energies’ surfacing theoretically attuned geography cognate disciplines exploring differing understandings extant geographical yoga meditation healthfulness. orientated explicitly geographical inquiries intended statement wider humanities.ahr

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46774855

10.1088/1742-5468/2008/07/P07010

38 pagesInternational audienceWe derive compact multiple integral formulas for several physical spin correlation functions in the semi-infinite XXZ chain with a longitudinal boundary magnetic field. Our formulas follow from several effective re-summations of the multiple integral representation for the elementary blocks obtained in our previous article (I). In the free fermion point we compute the local magnetization as well as the density of energy profiles. These quantities, in addition to their bulk behavior, exhibit Friedel type oscillations induced by the boundary; their amplitudes depend on the boundary magnetic field and decay algebraically in terms of the distance to the boundary

Correlation functions of the open XXZ chain II

correlation functions of the open xxz chain ii

pagesinternational audiencewe derive formulas infinite longitudinal field. formulas summations elementary blocks fermion magnetization profiles. quantities exhibit friedel oscillations amplitudes algebraically

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46780770

10.1088/0264-9381/22/18/S33

International audienceWe propose a new method for the detection of spectral lines in random noise. It mimics the processing scheme of matching filtering, i.e., a whitening procedure combined with the measurement of the correlation between the data and a template. Thanks to the original noise spectrum estimate used in the whitening procedure, the algorithm can easily be tuned to various types of noise. It can thus be applied to the data taken from a wide class of sensors. This versatility and its small computational cost make this method particularly well suited for real-time monitoring in gravitational wave experiments. We show the results of its application to Virgo C4 commissioning data

A simple line detection algorithm applied to Virgo data

a simple line detection algorithm applied to virgo data

audiencewe propose noise. mimics matching filtering i.e. whitening template. thanks whitening tuned noise. sensors. versatility suited gravitational experiments. virgo commissioning

exact_dup

47085323

10.1016/S0030-4018(98)00051-0

The postprint is the corrected version of the original articleInternational audienceWe study both theoretically and experimentally the transmission of coherent light by a drop pattern (dew). The theory is based on the Kirchhoff scalar approach to diffraction. The polarization of the diffracted wave in the zero diffraction order is analyzed separately. The intensity in the zero diffrac-tion order in the far zone is an oscillatory function of the drop size. These oscillations are observed with a pattern of water drops growing on glass. The model allows the evolution of the important parameters of the drop pattern (average radius and surface coverage) to be obtained from the light intensity in the zero diffraction order

Coherent light transmission by a dew pattern

coherent light transmission by a dew pattern

postprint corrected articleinternational audiencewe theoretically experimentally coherent drop kirchhoff diffraction. diffracted diffraction separately. diffrac oscillatory drop size. oscillations drops growing glass. drop coverage diffraction

exact_dup

47091743

10.1007/s00228-014-1766-y

International audienceAims Modifications of antimicrobials’ pharmacokinetic parameters have been reported in critically ill patients, resulting in a risk of treatment failure. We characterized amikacin pharmacokinetic variability in critically ill patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia VAP) and evaluated several dosing regimens. Methods We conducted a prospective multicenter study in critically ill patients with presumptive diagnosis of Gram-negativebacilli (GNB) VAP. Patients empirically received imipenem and a single-dose of amikacin, which was administered as a 30-min infusion (20 mg/kg). Concentrations were measured 0.5, 1, 8, 16, and 24 h after beginning of infusion. Pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated using a population approach. Main pharmacodynamic target was a ratio ≥10between the concentration achieved 1 h after beginning of infusion (C1h) and the minimal inhibitory concentration of the liable bacteria (MIC).We simulated individual C1h for severaldosing regimens by Monte Carlo method and computed C1h/MIC ratios for MICs from 0.5 to 64 mg/L. Results Sixty patients (47 males), median (range) age, and body weight, 61.5 years (28–84) and 78 kg (45–126), respectively, were included. Amikacin median C1h was 45 mg/L (22–87). Mean value (between-patients variability) for CL, V1, Q, and V2 were 4.3 L/h (31 %), 15.9 L (22 %), 12.1 L/h (27 %), and 21.4 L (47 %), respectively. CL increased with CrCL (p<0.001) and V1 with body weight (p<0.001) and PaO2/FIO2 ratio (p<0.001). With a 25 mg/kg regimen, the pharmacodynamic target was achieved in 20 and 96 % for aMICs of 8 and 4 mg/L, respectively. Conclusion Amikacin clearance was decreased and its volume of distribution was increased as previously reported. A ≥25 mg/kg single-dose is needed for empirical treatment of GNB-VAP

Population pharmacokinetics of single-dose amikacin in critically-ill patients with suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia

population pharmacokinetics of single-dose amikacin in critically-ill patients with suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia

audienceaims modifications antimicrobials’ pharmacokinetic critically failure. amikacin pharmacokinetic critically ventilator pneumonia dosing regimens. prospective multicenter critically presumptive gram negativebacilli vap. empirically imipenem amikacin administered infusion beginning infusion. pharmacokinetic approach. pharmacodynamic beginning infusion inhibitory liable bacteria severaldosing regimens monte carlo mics sixty males included. amikacin respectively. crcl regimen pharmacodynamic amics respectively. amikacin clearance reported.

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47110549

10.1051/0004-6361:200810842

Context: A number of microlensing dark-matter surveys have produced tens of millions of light curves of individual background stars. These data provide an unprecedented opportunity for systematic studies of whole classes of variable stars and their host galaxies. Aims: We aim to use the EROS-2 survey of the Magellanic Clouds to detect and study the population of beat Cepheids (BCs) in both Clouds. BCs pulsating simultaneously in the first overtone and fundamental modes (FO/F) or in the second and first overtone modes (SO/FO) are of particular interest. Methods: Using special software designed to search for periodic variables, we have scanned the EROS-2 data base for variables in the typical period range of Cepheids. Metallicities of FO/F objects were then calculated from linear nonadiabatic convective stellar models. Results: We identify 74 FO/F BCs in the LMC and 41 in the SMC, and 173 and 129 SO/FO pulsators in the LMC and SMC, respectively; 185 of these stars are new discoveries. For nearly all the FO/F objects we determine minimum, mean, and maximum values of the metallicity. Conclusions: The EROS data have expanded the samples of known BCs in the LMC by 31%, in the SMC by 110%. The FO/F objects provide independent measures of metallicities in these galaxies. The mean value of metallicity is 0.0045 in the LMC and 0.0018 in the SMC. Based on observations made by the EROS-2 collaboration with the MARLY telescope at the European Southern Observatory, La Silla, Chile. Data tables are only available in electronic form at the CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or via http://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/495/24

The beat Cepheids in the Magellanic Clouds: an analysis from the EROS-2 database

the beat cepheids in the magellanic clouds: an analysis from the eros-2 database

microlensing surveys tens millions stars. unprecedented opportunity galaxies. aims eros magellanic clouds detect beat cepheids clouds. pulsating simultaneously overtone overtone interest. scanned eros cepheids. metallicities nonadiabatic convective models. pulsators discoveries. nearly metallicity. eros expanded metallicities galaxies. metallicity smc. eros marly telescope southern observatory silla chile. tables anonymous cdsarc.u cdsweb.u qcat

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47277773

10.1016/j.ijengsci.2014.04.010

International audienceThis paper presents a new approach to evaluate heat sources from thermal field measurements. A modal projection based on dynamics (Discrete Modal Decomposition) is used to estimate the spatial term of a heat diffusion problem. A numerical example is presented in order to validate this approach and compare it to a more classical spectral decomposition (based on thermal considerations). Results show that the proposed projection basis not only provides closer assessment of the heat sources but is also more stable to noise and side effects. Finally, a basis enrichement method is presented and tested. It shows that \textit{a priori} knowledge of the heat sources shape though approximated (e.g. from strain measurement) enhances the assessement of calorific effects accompanying material deformation

Proposition of a modal filtering method to enhance heat source computation within heterogeneous thermomechanical problems

proposition of a modal filtering method to enhance heat source computation within heterogeneous thermomechanical problems

audiencethis presents measurements. modal projection modal decomposition problem. validate decomposition considerations projection closer effects. enrichement tested. textit priori approximated e.g. enhances assessement calorific accompanying deformation

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47280880

10.1080/13662716.2011.604471

International audienceThis paper investigates the role that subcontracting relationships (collaborative outsourcing vs. traditional subcontracting) can have on a subcontractor's ability to innovate in process and product. In order to measure the "full" impact of subcontracting relationships on innovation, we take into account the possible interaction between process and product innovations. The empirical test is based on 93 small firms operating in "pure subcontracting industries". Using a bivariate probit model, we give evidence that process and product innovations are not independent choices. The test confirms the positive impact of collaborative outsourcing agreement on the subcontractor's probability to innovate whatever the type of innovation. Finally, the results show that process and product innovations are reinforced by different inter-organizational practices and tools as well as distinct absorptive capabilities. This suggests important implications for subcontractors' competitive position

Product and Process Innovations in Subcontracting: Empirical Evidence from the French "Sillon Alpin"

product and process innovations in subcontracting: empirical evidence from the french "sillon alpin"

audiencethis investigates subcontracting collaborative outsourcing traditional subcontracting subcontractor innovate product. subcontracting innovation innovations. firms operating subcontracting industries bivariate probit innovations choices. confirms collaborative outsourcing subcontractor innovate whatever innovation. innovations reinforced organizational practices absorptive capabilities. subcontractors competitive

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47326698

10.1080/20548923.2016.1183960

International audienceOrganic residue analysis was carried out on kitchen wares from a Medieval household at Paphos (Cyprus) in the framework of the POMEDOR Project, which aims to gain insight into food practices in the Eastern Mediterranean during the Medieval period. The samples were selected from a household assemblage which included nearly two hundred table, cooking and storage vessels, and provided a rare insight into everyday life in Frankish-period Paphos. Both glazed and unglazed vessels were chosen for this first step towards the study of foodways at the site: 4 glazed vessels (3 pans/baking dishes and 1 cooking pot) and 7 unglazed vessels (3 cooking pots, 1 jug and 3 pans/baking dishes). Samples were analysed using gas chromatography – mass spectrometry, following different extraction methods to identify the residues preserved. The preliminary study confirmed that glazed ceramics absorb residues. Animal products were identified in the unglazed pots and in glazed pans/baking dishes. Only one unglazed pan shows residues of possible wine or its derivatives, that may have been used to flavor the foodstuff cooked

Preliminary results of the organic residue analysis of 13th century cooking wares from a household in Frankish Paphos (Cyprus)

preliminary results of the organic residue analysis of 13th century cooking wares from a household in frankish paphos (cyprus)

audienceorganic residue kitchen wares medieval household paphos cyprus pomedor aims insight practices eastern mediterranean medieval period. household assemblage nearly hundred cooking storage vessels rare insight everyday frankish paphos. glazed unglazed vessels foodways glazed vessels pans baking dishes cooking unglazed vessels cooking pots pans baking dishes analysed chromatography spectrometry extraction preserved. preliminary confirmed glazed ceramics absorb residues. unglazed pots glazed pans baking dishes. unglazed wine derivatives flavor foodstuff cooked

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47359172

10.1007/978-3-662-45708-5_8

Part 3: Structures and NetworksInternational audienceBased on a literature review, this paper identifies four socio-technical challenges relating to innovation actor’s interactions in digital innovation. Furthermore, the paper explores how these challenges can be addressed. The challenges are investigated in a case study of digital innovation. The study is based on a two year long research and development project where an e-newspaper concept and a demonstrator based on e-paper technology was developed. Based on empirical findings, the paper presents eight activities which address the identified socio-technical challenges with digital innovation. The activities are: 1) support transparent digital ecosystem relationships, 2) facilitate cross-organizational communication, 3) create digital value blueprints, 4) translate heterogeneous knowledge, 5) involve all relevant user groups, 6) identify, design for, and authenticate digital user values, 7) design for multiple contexts of use, and 8) prototype iteratively

Activities to Address Challenges in Digital Innovation

activities to address challenges in digital innovation

networksinternational audiencebased identifies socio challenges relating innovation actor’s digital innovation. explores challenges addressed. challenges digital innovation. newspaper demonstrator developed. presents eight socio challenges digital innovation. transparent digital ecosystem facilitate organizational create digital blueprints translate heterogeneous involve authenticate digital contexts prototype iteratively

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47714576

10.1016/j.crhy.2011.07.002

International audienceNumerous ethical and societal issues are related to the development of nanotechnology. Among them, the risk for privacy has long been discussed. Some people say that technology is neutral and that it does not really change the nature of problems, which are mainly political, while others state that its contemporary developments considerably amplify them; there are even persons who assert that it will make privacy protection obsolete. This paper discusses those different positions by making reference to the classical Panopticon that is an architecture for surveillance, which characterizes the total absence of privacy. It envisages the possible evolutions of the Panopticon due to the development of nanotechnologies. It shows that the influence of nanotechnology on privacy concerns cannot be dissociated from the influence of computers and biotechnologies, i.e. from what is currently called the NBIC convergence. Lastly, it concludes on the new ethical trade-off that has to be made between three contradictory requirements that are security, transparency and privacy

The New Ethical Trilemma: Security, Privacy and Transparency

the new ethical trilemma: security, privacy and transparency

audiencenumerous ethical societal nanotechnology. privacy discussed. neutral really contemporary developments considerably amplify persons assert privacy protection obsolete. discusses panopticon architecture surveillance characterizes privacy. envisages evolutions panopticon nanotechnologies. nanotechnology privacy concerns dissociated computers biotechnologies i.e. nbic convergence. lastly concludes ethical trade contradictory security transparency privacy

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47741401

10.1080/09645292.2011.561630

International audienceModelling students' behaviour in relation to tuition fees is a complex task since students' "talent" is not common knowledge. Students observe a private noisy signal of their abilities, while university receives noisy information based on the quantitative and qualitative data provided by university applicants. In this article, we add the heterogeneity of the population to this model: we assume that this heterogeneity means that the perception of skills among a part of the population is biased and underestimates the capabilities of its members to succeed in the higher education system. Our conclusions differ from those derived in the literature and show in particular that the optimal tuition fees for a given number of students are lower than those obtained for a homogeneous population

Tuition fees, self-esteem and social heterogeneity

tuition fees, self-esteem and social heterogeneity

audiencemodelling tuition fees talent knowledge. private noisy abilities receives noisy qualitative applicants. heterogeneity heterogeneity perception skills biased underestimates capabilities succeed system. tuition fees homogeneous

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48160472

10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.04.031

International audienceEndovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms faces some adverse outcomes, such as kinks or endoleaks related to incomplete stent apposition, which are difficult to predict and which restrain its use although it is less invasive than open surgery. Finite element simulations could help to predict and anticipate possible complications biomechanically induced, thus enhancing practitioners' stent-graft sizing and surgery planning, and giving indications on patient eligibility to endovascular repair. The purpose of this work is therefore to develop a new numerical methodology to predict stent-graft final deployed shapes after surgery. The simulation process was applied on three clinical cases, using preoperative scans to generate patient-specific vessel models. The marketed devices deployed during the surgery, consisting of a main body and one or more iliac limbs or extensions, were modeled and their deployment inside the corresponding patient aneurysm was simulated. The numerical results were compared to the actual deployed geometry of the stent-grafts after surgery that was extracted from postoperative scans. We observed relevant matching between simulated and actual deployed stent-graft geometries, especially for proximal and distal stents outside the aneurysm sac which are particularly important for practitioners. Stent locations along the vessel centerlines in the three simulations were always within a few millimeters to actual stents locations. This good agreement between numerical results and clinical cases makes finite element simulation very promising for preoperative planning of endovascular repair

Patient-specific numerical simulation of stent-graft deployment: Validation on three clinical cases

patient-specific numerical simulation of stent-graft deployment: validation on three clinical cases

audienceendovascular repair abdominal aortic aneurysms faces adverse kinks endoleaks incomplete stent apposition predict restrain invasive surgery. predict anticipate complications biomechanically enhancing practitioners stent graft sizing planning giving indications eligibility endovascular repair. methodology predict stent graft deployed shapes surgery. preoperative scans vessel models. marketed devices deployed consisting iliac limbs extensions modeled deployment aneurysm simulated. deployed stent grafts postoperative scans. matching deployed stent graft geometries proximal distal stents aneurysm practitioners. stent locations vessel centerlines millimeters stents locations. promising preoperative planning endovascular repair

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48173952

10.1007/s11340-014-9908-9

International audienceThis paper deals with the calorimetric effects accompanying the deformation of rubbers. For this purpose, temperature variations are measured during the mechanical tests by means of infrared thermography. The heat sources produced or absorbed by the material due to deformation processes are deduced from the temperature variations by using the heat diffusion equation. The calorimetric signatures of the most important effects in rubber deformation, i.e. entropic elasticity, reinforcement by fillers, strain-induced crystallization and the Mullins effect, have been characterized. These results bring information of importance for the understanding and the modeling of physical phenomena involved in the rubber deformation

Thermomechanical analysis of the singular behavior of rubber: entropic elasticity, reinforcement by fillers, strain-induced crystallization and the Mullins effect

thermomechanical analysis of the singular behavior of rubber: entropic elasticity, reinforcement by fillers, strain-induced crystallization and the mullins effect

audiencethis deals calorimetric accompanying deformation rubbers. infrared thermography. absorbed deformation deduced equation. calorimetric signatures rubber deformation i.e. entropic elasticity reinforcement fillers crystallization mullins characterized. bring phenomena rubber deformation

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48247023

10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.12.049

International audienceIn this paper, a neural mass model is proposed to analyze some mechanisms underlying the generation of fast oscillations (80 Hz and beyond) at the onset of seizures. This model includes one sub-population of pyramidal cells and one sub-population of interneurons targeting the perisomatic region of pyramidal cells where fast GABAergic currents are mediated. We identified some conditions for which the model can reproduce the features of high-frequency, chirp-like (from approximately 100 to approximately 70 Hz) signatures observed in real depth-EEG signals recorded in epileptic patients at seizure onset ("fast onset activity"). These conditions included appropriate alterations in (i) the strengths of GABAergic and glutamatergic connections, and (ii) the amplitude of average EPSPs/IPSPs. Results revealed that a subtle balance between excitatory and inhibitory feedbacks is required in the model for reproducing a 'realistic' fast activity, i.e., showing a reduction of frequency with a simultaneous increase in amplitude, as actually observed in epileptogenic cerebral cortex. Results also demonstrated that the number of scenarios (variation, in time, of model parameters) leading to chirp-like signatures was rather limited. First, to produce high-frequency output signals, the model should operate in a "resonance" region, at the frontier between a stable and an unstable region. Second both EPSP and IPSP amplitudes should decrease with time in order to obey the frequency/amplitude constraint. These scenarios obtained through a mathematical analysis of the model show how some alteration in the structure of neural networks can lead to dysfunction. They also provide insights into potentially important mechanisms for high-frequency epileptic activity generation

Computational modeling of high-frequency oscillations at the onset of neocortical partial seizures: from 'altered structure' to 'dysfunction'.

computational modeling of high-frequency oscillations at the onset of neocortical partial seizures: from 'altered structure' to 'dysfunction'.

audiencein analyze oscillations onset seizures. pyramidal interneurons targeting perisomatic pyramidal gabaergic currents mediated. reproduce chirp signatures epileptic seizure onset onset alterations strengths gabaergic glutamatergic connections epsps ipsps. subtle balance excitatory inhibitory feedbacks reproducing realistic i.e. simultaneous epileptogenic cerebral cortex. scenarios chirp signatures limited. operate frontier unstable region. epsp ipsp amplitudes obey constraint. scenarios mathematical alteration dysfunction. insights potentially epileptic

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49295881

10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2010.04.008

International audienceAn authoritative case of Vulcanian eruptive dynamics is the series of 88 explosions that occurred between August and October 1997 at Soufrière Hills volcano on Montserrat Island. The state of the magmatic column just before a Vulcanian explosion is still poorly understood, but conditions the eruptive style. This study establishes such a pre-explosive stratigraphy by 1) documenting the textures covering the range of the 1997 products, 2) quantitative analysis of H2O content in interstitial glass measured by Karl–Fischer Titration, and 3) combining these data with a simple model linking pre- and post-explosive vesicularities. The model shows that syn-explosive degassing affects greatly the way porosity evolves by decompression during an explosion. The stratigraphy reconstruction shows a three-part vertical layering of the conduit prior to explosion with overall denser values than those previously suggested. A dense and strongly degassed plug caps the column. It is underlain by a shallow transition zone featuring complex mingling between vesicular and dense magma up to 10 MPa. At higher pressure, up to 80 MPa, lies a more homogeneous zone of relatively dense (10–20 vol.%) magma, which was emplaced under partly open-system degassing. This conduit stratigraphy gives the vision of a strongly heterogeneous magma column immediately prior to its disruption. Our analysis suggests that fragmenting such a composite magma cannot happen in a single coherent pulse, but rather as stages. The transition zone contains heterogeneous amounts of exsolved gas that could explain the pulsatory nature of the Vulcanian jets at the beginning of the explosions. This contrasts with the nearly constant vesicularities of the deeper part of the pre-explosive magma column, which are propitious to a general, short-lived disruption

Pre-explosive conduit conditions of the 1997 Vulcanian explosions at Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat: I. Pressure and vesicularity distributions

pre-explosive conduit conditions of the 1997 vulcanian explosions at soufrière hills volcano, montserrat: i. pressure and vesicularity distributions

audiencean authoritative vulcanian eruptive explosions occurred august october soufrière hills volcano montserrat island. magmatic vulcanian explosion poorly understood eruptive style. establishes explosive stratigraphy documenting textures covering interstitial glass karl–fischer titration combining linking explosive vesicularities. explosive degassing affects greatly porosity evolves decompression explosion. stratigraphy reconstruction layering conduit explosion denser suggested. dense degassed plug caps column. underlain shallow featuring mingling vesicular dense magma mpa. lies homogeneous dense vol. magma emplaced partly degassing. conduit stratigraphy vision heterogeneous magma immediately disruption. fragmenting composite magma happen coherent stages. heterogeneous amounts exsolved pulsatory vulcanian jets beginning explosions. contrasts nearly vesicularities deeper explosive magma propitious lived disruption

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49303946

10.1063/1.1949526

C. Santoni, coll. Atlas, présenté par Guaglio étudiant laboThe increase of beam energy and beam intensity, together with the use of super conducting magnets, opens new failure scenarios and brings new criticalities for the whole accelerator protection system. For the LHC beam loss protection system, the failure rate and the availability requirements have been evaluated using the Safety Integrity Level (SIL) approach [1]. A downtime cost evaluation is used as input for the SIL approach. The most critical systems, which contribute to the final SIL value, are the dump system, the interlock system, the beam loss monitors system, and the energy monitor system. The Beam Loss Monitors System (BLMS) is critical for short and intense particles losses at 7 TeV and assisted by the Beam Current Decay System at 450 GeV. At medium and higher loss time it is assisted by other systems, such as the quench protection system and the cryogenic system. For BLMS, hardware and software have been evaluated in detail. The reliability input figures have been collected using historical data from the SPS, using temperature and radiation damage experimental data as well as using standard databases. All the data has been processed by reliability software (Isograph). The analysis spaces from the components data to the system configuration

Reliability Considerations on the LHC Beam Loss Monitors System

reliability considerations on the lhc beam loss monitors system

santoni coll. atlas présenté guaglio étudiant labothe super conducting magnets opens scenarios brings criticalities accelerator protection system. protection availability integrity downtime approach. dump interlock monitors monitor system. monitors blms intense losses assisted gev. assisted quench protection cryogenic system. blms hardware detail. reliability historical databases. processed reliability isograph

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50536249

10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.02.008

International audienceHolocene palaeoenvironmental evolution and glacial fluctuations at high-altitude in the western French Alps are reconstructed based on a multiproxy approach within Lake Blanc Huez (2550 m a.s.l.) drainage basin. The combination of seismic profiling (3.5 kHz), piston coring and radiocarbon dating in proglacial lacustrine sediments together with a detailed organic analysis of autochthonous and allochthonous supply allows documenting the evolution of glacier activity during the Holocene. Over the last 9700 years, the Holocene lake record has a bimodal pattern whose transition is progressive and occurring between 5400 and 4700 cal BP. During the Early Holocene, the organic lacustrine facies reflects reduced glacial activity in the catchment. This major glacial retreat seems to result from solar forcing and high summer insolation. After 5400 cal BP, lacustrine sedimentation is marked by the gradual increase both of minerogenic supply and soil erosion, suggesting a progressive transition to wetter climatic conditions. This climate change is synchronous both from the gradual decrease of summer insolation and the gradual reorganization of oceanic and atmospheric circulations, characterizing the beginning of the Neoglacial period. Both colder temperature and humid climate induced significant glacier advance, since 4700 cal BP. Over this global trend, three periods are particularly associated with higher runoff processes and higher soil erosion interpreted as wetter time intervals resulting from enhanced northern Westerlies regimes across the North Atlantic and Western Europe. They are dated from 8700 to 7000, 4700 to 2500 and 1200 to 200 cal BP. These wetter phases drastically contrast with periods of reduced glacial activities dated from the Early Bronze Age (ca 3870-3770 cal BP), the Iron Age (ca 2220-2150 cal BP), the Roman period (ca AD115-330) and the Medieval Warm Period (ca AD760-1160). In addition, these dryer periods are associated with mining activities at high-altitude

Tracking Holocene glacial and high-altitude alpine environments fluctuations from minerogenic and organic markers in proglacial lake sediments (Lake Blanc Huez, Western French Alps)

tracking holocene glacial and high-altitude alpine environments fluctuations from minerogenic and organic markers in proglacial lake sediments (lake blanc huez, western french alps)

audienceholocene palaeoenvironmental glacial altitude french alps reconstructed multiproxy lake blanc huez a.s.l. drainage basin. seismic profiling piston coring radiocarbon dating proglacial lacustrine sediments autochthonous allochthonous supply documenting glacier holocene. holocene lake record bimodal progressive occurring holocene lacustrine facies reflects glacial catchment. glacial retreat forcing summer insolation. lacustrine sedimentation marked gradual minerogenic supply erosion progressive wetter climatic conditions. synchronous gradual summer insolation gradual reorganization oceanic circulations characterizing beginning neoglacial period. colder humid glacier advance runoff erosion interpreted wetter intervals northern westerlies regimes atlantic europe. dated wetter drastically glacial dated bronze iron roman medieval warm dryer mining altitude

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51222139

10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.06.011

International audienceThe implementation of the experimental methodology by optical measurements of mechanical fields, the development of a test bench, the specimen preparation, the experimental measurements, and the digital image correlation (DIC) method, have already been the object of research in the context of biological materials. Nevertheless, in the framework of the experimental identification of a mesoscopic stochastic model of the random apparent elasticity field, measurements of one specimen is required at both the macroscopic scale and the mesoscopic scale under one single loading. The nature of the cortical bone induces some difficulties, as no single speckled pattern technique is available for simultaneously obtaining the displacement at the macroscopic scale and at the mesoscopic scale. In this paper, we present a multiscale experimental methodology based on (i) an experimental protocol for one specimen of a cortical bone, (ii) its measuring bench, (iii) optical field measurements by DIC method, (iv) the experimental results, and (v) the multiscale experimental identification by solving a statistical inverse problem

Experimental multiscale measurements for the mechanical identification of a cortical bone by digital image correlation

experimental multiscale measurements for the mechanical identification of a cortical bone by digital image correlation

audiencethe methodology bench specimen preparation digital materials. nevertheless mesoscopic stochastic apparent elasticity specimen macroscopic mesoscopic loading. cortical induces difficulties speckled simultaneously obtaining displacement macroscopic mesoscopic scale. multiscale methodology specimen cortical measuring bench multiscale solving

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51228629

10.1007/978-3-540-85426-5_63

International audienceNew inclinometers devoted to hydrological studies were set up in the Vosges Mountains (France). Two orthogonal 100-meter base hydrostatic inclinometers were installed in December 2004 as well as a hydrometeorological monitoring system for the 100-km² hydrological unit around the inclinometer. As inclinometers are very sensitive to environmental influences, this observatory is a test site to confront hydrological modelling and geodetic observations. Physical modelling to remove hydrological effects without calibrating on geodetic data is tested on these instruments. Specifically, two deformation processes are most important: fluid pressure variations in nearby hydraulically active fractures and surface loading at regional scale

Physical modelling to remove hydrological effects at local and regional scale: application to the 100-m hydrostatic inclinometer in Sainte-Croix-aux-Mines (France)

physical modelling to remove hydrological effects at local and regional scale: application to the 100-m hydrostatic inclinometer in sainte-croix-aux-mines (france)

audiencenew inclinometers devoted hydrological vosges mountains orthogonal meter hydrostatic inclinometers installed december hydrometeorological hydrological inclinometer. inclinometers influences observatory confront hydrological geodetic observations. remove hydrological calibrating geodetic instruments. deformation nearby hydraulically fractures loading

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51233614

10.1016/j.infoecopol.2009.10.003

The authors are grateful to the publisher, Elsevier, for letting the manuscript being archived in this Open Access repository.International audienceThis paper explores the decentralized licensing of complementary patents reading on a technology standard. We develop a model in which manufacturers must buy licenses from different patent owners in order to enter the market for differentiated standard-compliant products. We consider three different types of licensing, namely, the fixed-fee, per-unit royalty and two-part tariff regimes, and compare their performances in terms of licensing revenue, price, product variety and welfare. We show that each regime entails different types of coordination failures. We establish that each of them may maximize the licensing revenue depending on the number of licensors, number of potential entrants and product differentiation

Decentralized licensing of complementary patents: Comparing the royalty, fixed-fee and two-part tariff regimes

decentralized licensing of complementary patents: comparing the royalty, fixed-fee and two-part tariff regimes

grateful publisher letting archived repository.international audiencethis explores decentralized licensing complementary patents reading standard. manufacturers licenses patent owners enter differentiated compliant products. licensing royalty tariff regimes performances licensing revenue welfare. entails coordination failures. establish maximize licensing revenue licensors entrants

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51441729

10.1051/proc/201552006

International audienceWe introduce continuous tools to study the low Mach number behaviour of the Godunov scheme applied to the linear wave equation with porosity on cartesian meshes. More precisely, we extend the Hodge decomposition to a weighted L 2 space in the continuous case and we study the properties of the modified equation associated to this Godunov scheme. This allows to partly explain the inaccuracy of the Godunov scheme at low Mach number on cartesian meshes and to propose two corrections: a first one named low Mach and a second one named all Mach. These results are preliminary since it remains to prove them in the discrete case

Preliminary results for the study of the Godunov Scheme Applied to the Linear Wave Equation with Porosity at Low Mach Number

preliminary results for the study of the godunov scheme applied to the linear wave equation with porosity at low mach number

audiencewe mach godunov porosity cartesian meshes. precisely extend hodge decomposition weighted godunov scheme. partly inaccuracy godunov mach cartesian meshes propose named mach named mach. preliminary

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51442135

10.1053/j.gastro.2014.03.051

International audienceBACKGROUND & AIMS: We investigated the effectiveness of the protease inhibitors peginterferon and ribavirin in treatment-experienced patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1 infection and cirrhosis. METHODS: In the Compassionate Use of Protease Inhibitors in Viral C Cirrhosis study, 511 patients with HCV genotype 1 infection and compensated cirrhosis who did not respond to a prior course of peginterferon and ribavirin (44.3% relapsers or patients with viral breakthrough, 44.8% partial responders, and 8.0% null responders) were given either telaprevir (n = 299) or boceprevir (n = 212) for 48 weeks. We assessed percentages of patients with sustained viral responses 12 weeks after therapy and safety. This observational study did not allow for direct comparison of the 2 regimens. RESULTS: Among patients given telaprevir, 74.2% of relapsers, 40.0% of partial responders, and 19.4% of null responders achieved SVR12. Among those given boceprevir, 53.9% of relapsers, 38.3% of partial responders, and none of the null responders achieved SVR12. In multivariate analysis, factors associated with SVR12 included prior response to treatment response, no lead-in phase, HCV subtype 1b (vs 1a), and baseline platelet count greater than 100,000/mm(3). Severe adverse events occurred in 49.9% of cases, including liver decompensation, severe infections in 10.4%, and death in 2.2%. In multivariate analysis, baseline serum albumin level less than 35 g/L and baseline platelet counts of 100,000/mm(3) or less predicted severe side effects or death. CONCLUSIONS: Relatively high percentages of real-life, treatment-experienced patients with HCV genotype 1 infection and cirrhosis respond to the combination of peginterferon and ribavirin with telaprevir or boceprevir. However, side effects are frequent and often severe. Baseline levels of albumin and platelet counts can be used to guide treatment decisions. ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT01514890

Effectiveness of telaprevir or boceprevir in treatment-experienced patients with HCV genotype 1 infection and cirrhosis. : Triple therapy in HCV genotype 1 cirrhotics

effectiveness of telaprevir or boceprevir in treatment-experienced patients with hcv genotype 1 infection and cirrhosis. : triple therapy in hcv genotype 1 cirrhotics

audiencebackground aims effectiveness protease inhibitors peginterferon ribavirin experienced hepatitis genotype cirrhosis. compassionate protease inhibitors viral cirrhosis genotype compensated cirrhosis respond peginterferon ribavirin relapsers viral breakthrough responders responders telaprevir boceprevir weeks. percentages sustained viral safety. observational regimens. telaprevir relapsers responders responders boceprevir relapsers responders none responders multivariate subtype platelet count adverse occurred decompensation infections multivariate albumin platelet counts death. percentages experienced genotype cirrhosis respond peginterferon ribavirin telaprevir boceprevir. frequent severe. albumin platelet counts guide decisions.

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51933949

10.1007/978-3-319-39577-7_3

International audienceAlthough many fully decentralized content distribution systems have been proposed, they often lack key capabilities that make them difficult to deploy and use in practice. In this paper, we look at the particular problem of content consumption prediction, a crucial mechanism in many such systems. We propose a novel, fully decentralized protocol that uses the tags attached by users to on-line content, and exploits the properties of self-organizing kNN overlays to rapidly estimate the potential of a particular content without explicit aggregation

Mignon: A Fast Decentralized Content Consumption Estimation in Large-Scale Distributed Systems

mignon: a fast decentralized content consumption estimation in large-scale distributed systems

audiencealthough decentralized capabilities deploy practice. look crucial systems. propose decentralized tags attached exploits organizing overlays rapidly aggregation

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51939370

10.1016/j.biochi.2012.05.021

International audienceThe majority of bacterial viruses are bacteriophages bearing a tail that serves to recognise the bacterial surface and deliver the genome into the host cell. Infection is initiated by the irreversible interaction between the viral receptor binding protein (RBP) and a receptor at the surface of the bacterium. This interaction results ultimately in the phage DNA release in the host cytoplasm. Phage T5 infects Escher-ichia coli after binding of its RBP pb5 to the outer membrane ferrichrome transporter FhuA. Here, we have studied the complex formed by pb5 and FhuA by a variety of biophysical and biochemical techniques. We show that unlike RBPs of known structures, pb5 probably folds as a unique domain fulfilling both functions of binding to the host receptor and interaction with the rest of the phage. Pb5 likely binds to the domain occluding the b-barrel of FhuA as well as to external loops of the barrel. Furthermore, upon binding to FhuA, pb5 undergoes conformational changes, at the secondary and tertiary structure level that would be the key to the transmission of the signal through the tail to the capsid, triggering DNA release. This is the first structural information regarding the binding of a RBP to a proteic receptor. Ó 2012 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved

New insights into pb5, the receptor binding protein of bacteriophage T5, and its interaction with its Escherichia coli receptor FhuA

new insights into pb5, the receptor binding protein of bacteriophage t5, and its interaction with its escherichia coli receptor fhua

audiencethe majority bacterial viruses bacteriophages bearing tail serves recognise bacterial deliver cell. initiated irreversible viral bacterium. ultimately phage cytoplasm. phage infects escher ichia coli outer ferrichrome transporter fhua. fhua biophysical biochemical techniques. unlike rbps probably folds fulfilling phage. binds occluding barrel fhua loops barrel. fhua undergoes conformational tertiary tail capsid triggering release. proteic receptor. rights reserved

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51940972

10.1016/j.future.2015.01.005

International audienceWith increasingly inexpensive storage and growing processing power, the cloud has rapidly become the environment of choice to store and analyze data for a variety of applications. Most large-scale data computations in the cloud heavily rely on the MapReduce paradigm and on its Hadoop implementation. Nevertheless, this exponential growth in popularity has significantly impacted power consumption in cloud infrastructures. In this paper, we focus on MapReduce processing and we investigate the impact of dynamically scaling the frequency of compute nodes on the performance and energy consumption of a Hadoop cluster. To this end, a series of experiments are conducted to explore the implications of Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS) settings on power consumption in Hadoop clusters. By enabling various existing DVFS governors (i.e., performance, powersave, ondemand, conservative and userspace) in a Hadoop cluster, we observe significant variation in performance and power consumption across different applications: the different DVFS settings are only sub-optimal for several representative MapReduce applications. Furthermore, our results reveal that the current CPU governors do not exactly reflect their design goal and may even become ineffective to manage the power consumption in Hadoop clusters. This study aims at providing a clearer understanding of the interplay between performance and power management in Hadoop clusters and therefore offers useful insight into designing power-aware techniques for Hadoop systems

Governing Energy Consumption in Hadoop through CPU Frequency Scaling: an Analysis

governing energy consumption in hadoop through cpu frequency scaling: an analysis

audiencewith increasingly inexpensive storage growing rapidly store analyze applications. computations heavily rely mapreduce paradigm hadoop implementation. nevertheless exponential popularity impacted infrastructures. mapreduce dynamically hadoop cluster. explore dvfs settings hadoop clusters. enabling dvfs governors i.e. powersave ondemand conservative userspace hadoop dvfs settings mapreduce applications. reveal governors reflect goal ineffective manage hadoop clusters. aims clearer interplay hadoop offers insight designing aware hadoop

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51943374

10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.07.016

International audienceKeywords: Ion track grafting Radiografting Swift heavy ions Proton conductivity Polymer electrolyte membrane Proton exchange membrane fuel cell a b s t r a c t Proton conductive individual channels through a poly(vinyl di-fluoride) PVDF matrix have been designed using the ion track grafting technique. The styrene molecules were radiografted and further sulfonated leading to sulfonated polystyrene (PSSA) domains within PVDF. The grafting process all along the cylindrical ion tracks creates after functionalisation privileged paths perpendicular to the membrane plane for proton conduction from the anode to the cathode when used in fuel cells. Such ion track grafted PVDF-g-PSSA membranes have low gas permeation properties against H 2 and O 2. A degree of grafting (Y w) of 140% was chosen to ensure a perfect coverage of PSSA onto PVDF-g-PSSA surface minimizing interfacial ohmic losses with the active layers of the Membrane Electrolyte Assembly (MEA). A three-day fuel cell test has been performed feeding the cell with pure H 2 and O 2 , at the anode and cathode side respectively. Temperature has been progressively increased from 50 to 80 • C. Polarisation curves and Elec-trochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) at different current densities were used to evaluate the MEA performance. From these last measurements, it has been possible to determine the resistance of the MEA during the fuel cell tests and, thus the membrane conductivity. The proton conductivities of such membranes estimated during fuel cell tests range from 50 mS cm −1 to 80 mS cm −1 depending on the operating conditions. These values are close to that of perfluorosulfonated membrane such as Nafion ® in similar conditions

Ion track grafting: A way of producing low-cost and highly proton conductive membranes for fuel cell applications

ion track grafting: a way of producing low-cost and highly proton conductive membranes for fuel cell applications

audiencekeywords track grafting radiografting swift proton conductivity polymer electrolyte proton fuel proton conductive poly vinyl fluoride pvdf track grafting technique. styrene radiografted sulfonated sulfonated polystyrene pssa pvdf. grafting cylindrical tracks creates functionalisation privileged paths perpendicular proton conduction anode cathode fuel cells. track grafted pvdf pssa membranes permeation grafting ensure perfect coverage pssa pvdf pssa minimizing interfacial ohmic losses electrolyte assembly fuel feeding anode cathode respectively. progressively polarisation elec trochemical impedance spectroscopy densities performance. fuel conductivity. proton conductivities membranes fuel operating conditions. perfluorosulfonated nafion

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51946573

10.1016/j.physrep.2014.05.003

International audienceIt has been for a long time recognized that nanoparticles are of great scientific interest as they are effectively a bridge between bulk materials and atomic structures. At first, size effects occurring in single elements have been studied. More recently, progress in chemical and physical synthesis routes permitted the preparation of more complex structures. Such structures take advantages of new adjustable parameters including stoichiometry, chemical ordering, shape and segregation opening new fields with tailored materials for biology, mechanics, optics magnetism, chemistry catalysis, solar cells and microelectronics. Among them, core/shell structures are a particular class of nanoparticles made with an inorganic core and one or several inorganic shell layer(s). In earlier work, the shell was merely used as a protective coating for the core. More recently, it has been shown that it is possible to tune the physical properties in a larger range than that of each material taken separately. The goal of the present review is to discuss the basic properties of the different types of core/shell nanoparticles including a large variety of heterostructures. We restrict ourselves on all inorganic (on inorganic/inorganic) core/shell structures. In the light of recent developments, the applications of inorganic core/shell particles are found in many fields including biology, chemistry, physics and engineering. In addition to a representative overview of the properties, general concepts based on solid state physics are considered for material selection and for identifying criteria linking the core/shell structure and its resulting properties. Chemical and physical routes for the synthesis and specific methods for the study of core/shell nanoparticle are briefly discussed

Engineered inorganic core/shell nanoparticles

engineered inorganic core/shell nanoparticles

audienceit recognized nanoparticles great effectively bridge structures. occurring studied. progress routes permitted preparation structures. advantages adjustable stoichiometry ordering segregation opening tailored mechanics optics magnetism catalysis microelectronics. nanoparticles inorganic inorganic merely protective coating core. tune separately. goal nanoparticles heterostructures. restrict inorganic inorganic inorganic structures. developments inorganic engineering. overview concepts identifying linking properties. routes nanoparticle briefly

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51952183

10.1063/1.4769435

International audienceThe crystallization behavior of Ge2Sb2Te5 nanometric clusters was studied using X-ray diffraction with in situannealing. Clusters were made using a sputtering gas-phase condensation source, which allowed for the growth of well-defined, contaminant-free, and isolated clusters. The average size for the clusters is 5.7 ± 1 nm. As-deposited amorphous clusters crystallize in the fcc cubic phase at 180 °C, while for thin films, the phase change temperature is 155 °C. This observation illustrates the scalability of the Ge2Sb2Te5phase change from the amorphous to the cubic state in three-dimensionally confined systems in this size range

Crystallization of Ge2Sb2Te5 nanometric phase change material clusters made by gas-phase condensation

crystallization of ge2sb2te5 nanometric phase change material clusters made by gas-phase condensation

audiencethe crystallization nanometric diffraction situannealing. sputtering condensation contaminant clusters. deposited amorphous crystallize cubic films illustrates scalability amorphous cubic dimensionally confined

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52047651

10.1007/s10695-011-9581-1

Prostaglandin H synthetases (cyclooxygenases) catalyze the initial reactions leading to prostanoids in animals. They form interesting links between diet and fish physiology as the type and nature of eicosanoids are affected by dietary lipid sources. Their expression is likely to be affected by tissues and environmental conditions leading to altered amount and ratio of eicosanoids. These mechanisms are, however, poorly understood in fish. In the present study, Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. (1,000 g, 10°C, seawater) were subjected to acute chasing stress. Liver, kidney, spleen, gill, muscle, midgut and hindgut were extracted before and 1 h post-stress and analyzed for mRNA expression of cox1, cox2a and cox2b. Intestinal samples were further sampled over 24 h for both cox expression and analysis of 15 eicosanoids and isoprostanes of the n-3 and n-6 series. Results show a highly variable but consecutively expression of cox1, cox2a and cox2b in most of the tissues analyzed. Low levels were only found for cox2a in liver and cox2b in liver and kidney. The study reveals the general trend that cox1 is about 10 times the level of cox2b, which again is about 10 times the level of cox2a. Cox2b shows the highest level of expression in the gills indicating a possible higher requirement for this protein in gills. Imposing stress to the fish induces a temporal increase in the expression of cox2a in the midgut, while the gene expression of the other genes is not affected in any of the tissues analyzed. There is, however, a general tendency to increased expression of both cox2 genes that merits further studies. Stress had a profound effect on the intestinal eicosanoid content which showed a general decrease in midgut sections after stress that persisted for at least 24 h

Stress and expression of cyclooxygenases (cox1, cox2a, cox2b) and intestinal eicosanoids, in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar.

stress and expression of cyclooxygenases (cox1, cox2a, cox2b) and intestinal eicosanoids, in atlantic salmon, salmo salar.

prostaglandin synthetases cyclooxygenases catalyze prostanoids animals. links diet fish physiology eicosanoids dietary sources. tissues altered eicosanoids. poorly understood fish. atlantic salmon salmo salar seawater subjected chasing stress. kidney spleen gill midgut hindgut intestinal sampled eicosanoids isoprostanes series. consecutively tissues analyzed. kidney. reveals gills requirement gills. imposing fish induces midgut tissues analyzed. tendency merits studies. profound intestinal eicosanoid midgut persisted

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52193278

10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2014.12.018

International audienceObjectivesDespite improvements in patient management and extensive use of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), the rate of acute cellular rejection (ACR) remains high in patients treated with tacrolimus (TAC). Moreover, some patients experienced ACR while their whole-blood (WB) concentrations were maintained within the therapeutic range meaning that TDM in WB misrepresents the drug effect. Thus, monitoring TAC directly inside of its effect compartment (intracellular concentrations) or monitoring directly the inhibitory effect on the target protein (calcineurin activity) could be more relevant. The aim of the present study was to explore, in 10 de novo liver transplant recipients, the relationship between TAC whole-blood concentrations, TAC intracellular concentrations and TAC-induced intracellular calcineurin inhibition at day 1 and day 7 after treatment initiation.Design and methodsProspective monocentric observational pharmacokinetic (WB and intracellular concentrations)–pharmacodynamic (calcineurin activity) study.ResultsFull intracellular TAC pharmacokinetic as well as calcineurin activity steady-state profiles is presented in the study. The main result of this study is the lack of relationship between TAC pharmacokinetics (WB and leukocytes) and calcineurin activity in leukocytes at day 1 and day 7 after the graft implantation.ConclusionsDrug monitoring of TAC intracellular concentrations and determination of the calcineurin activity are among future potential biomarkers of acute rejection in transplant recipients. A better knowledge of the relationship between TAC whole blood and intracellular concentrations and calcineurin activity appears necessary before planning clinical trials to evaluate their potential interest as predictive biomarkers

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of tacrolimus in liver transplant recipients: inside the white blood cells

pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of tacrolimus in liver transplant recipients: inside the white blood cells

audienceobjectivesdespite improvements extensive therapeutic rejection tacrolimus experienced maintained therapeutic meaning misrepresents effect. compartment intracellular inhibitory calcineurin relevant. explore novo transplant recipients intracellular intracellular calcineurin methodsprospective monocentric observational pharmacokinetic intracellular –pharmacodynamic calcineurin study.resultsfull intracellular pharmacokinetic calcineurin steady study. pharmacokinetics leukocytes calcineurin leukocytes graft implantation.conclusionsdrug intracellular calcineurin biomarkers rejection transplant recipients. intracellular calcineurin planning predictive biomarkers

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52328842

10.1007/s11241-007-9029-y

The original publication is available at www.springerlink.comInternational audienceBasic algorithms have been proposed in the field of low-power (Yao, F., et al. in Proceedings of lEEE annual foundations of computer science, pp. 374–382, 1995) which compute the minimum energy-schedule for a set of non-recurrent tasks (or jobs) scheduled under EDF on a dynamically variable voltage processor. In this study, we propose improvements upon existing algorithms with lower average and worst-case complexities. They are based on a new EDF feasibility test that helps to identify the “critical intervals”. The complexity of this feasibility test depends on structural characteristics of the set of jobs. More precisely, it depends on how tasks are included one in the other. The first step of the algorithm is to construct the Hasse diagram of the set of tasks where the partial order is defined by the inclusion relation on the tasks. Then, the algorithm constructs the shortest path in a geometrical representation at each level of the Hasse diagram. The optimal processor speed is chosen according to the maximal slope of each path

Dynamic voltage scaling under EDF revisited

dynamic voltage scaling under edf revisited

publication audiencebasic leee foundations schedule recurrent tasks jobs scheduled dynamically processor. propose improvements worst complexities. feasibility helps “critical intervals”. feasibility jobs. precisely tasks other. hasse tasks inclusion tasks. constructs shortest geometrical hasse diagram. processor maximal

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52425302

10.1007/JHEP04(2016)179

International audienceProcesses producing a charged final state at the LHC most often have a positive or null integral charge asymmetry. We propose a novel method for an indirect measurement of the mass of these final states based upon the process integral charge asymmetry. We present this method in three stages. Firstly, the theoretical prediction of the integral charge asymmetry and its related uncertainties are studied through parton level cross sections calculations. Secondly, the experimental extraction of the integral charge asymmetry of a given signal, in the presence of some background, is performed using particle level simulations. Process dependent templates enable to convert the measured integral charge asymmetry into an estimated mass of the charged final state. Thirdly, a combination of the experimental and the theoretical uncertainties determines the full uncertainty of the indirect mass measurement. This new method applies to all charged current processes at the LHC. In this article, we demonstrate its effectiveness at extracting the mass of the W boson, as a first step, and the sum of the masses of a chargino and a neutralino in case these supersymmetric particles are produced by pair, as a second step

A new method for indirect mass measurements using the integral charge asymmetry at the LHC

a new method for indirect mass measurements using the integral charge asymmetry at the lhc

audienceprocesses producing asymmetry. propose indirect asymmetry. stages. firstly asymmetry parton calculations. secondly extraction asymmetry simulations. templates enable convert asymmetry state. thirdly determines indirect measurement. applies lhc. effectiveness extracting boson chargino neutralino supersymmetric

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52432754

10.1007/s11069-014-1470-3

International audienceThis paper presents an application of a cellular automaton-based runoff model (RUICELLS) to a series of small dry valleys in the Seine-Maritime department, northern France, to better assess their susceptibility to flash flood. These muddy floods shortly follow high rainfall (50–100 mm in less than 6 h) and occur in very small areas (\20 km 2). A surge generally rushes down through the main valley just a few minutes after rains have peaked. Previous events (n = 69, in the period 1983–2005) have occasionally threatened human lives and have caused significant damage to property and infrastructure. Nonetheless , given the variation among the valleys and the infrequency of events, these floods have not been numerous enough to permit a statistical analysis. Instead, we numerically simulate the possible future flash floods using RUICELLS, a cellular automaton model driven by a set of three deterministic hydrological rules. Simulations have been conducted for 148 basins, each subject to 16 different rainfall scenarios (2.368 simulations in total) to (1) estimate the peak flow discharges (Q), the specific peak flows (Q s), and the lag times (T) of the flash floods and (2) detect the critical rainfall intensities that would trigger warnings and increased vigilance. Our simulations indicate that the number of basins susceptible to flash flooding greatly increases with the higher rainfall intensity, the distribution of sensitive crops (sugar beet, corn, maize, and flax) and the basin morphology. Several small basins could also induce by convergence a bigger flood in the downstream humid valleys. The location of the highest simulated discharges is aligned with observed events, and this comparison provides an evaluation of the modelling performance and of the credibility of the results

A flash flood hazard assessment in dry valleys (northern France) by cellular automata modelling

a flash flood hazard assessment in dry valleys (northern france) by cellular automata modelling

audiencethis presents automaton runoff ruicells valleys seine maritime northern susceptibility flash flood. muddy floods shortly rainfall surge rushes valley minutes rains peaked. occasionally threatened lives infrastructure. nonetheless valleys infrequency floods numerous permit analysis. numerically simulate flash floods ruicells automaton deterministic hydrological rules. basins rainfall scenarios discharges flows flash floods detect rainfall intensities trigger warnings vigilance. basins susceptible flash flooding greatly rainfall crops sugar beet corn maize flax basin morphology. basins induce bigger flood downstream humid valleys. discharges aligned credibility

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52435817

10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.06.010

International audienceThe last two decades have seen an unprecedented development of human brain mapping approaches at various spatial and temporal scales. Together, these have provided a large fundus of information on many different as-pects of the human brain including micro-and macrostructural segregation, regional specialization of function, connectivity, and temporal dynamics. Atlases are central in order to integrate such diverse information in a topo-graphically meaningful way. It is noteworthy, that the brain mapping field has been developed along several major lines such as structure vs. function, postmortem vs. in vivo, individual features of the brain vs. population-based aspects, or slow vs. fast dynamics. In order to understand human brain organization, however, it seems inevitable that these different lines are integrated and combined into a multimodal human brain model. To this aim, we held a workshop to determine the constraints of a multi-modal human brain model that are needed to enable (i) an integration of different spatial and temporal scales and data modalities into a common reference system, and (ii) efficient data exchange and analysis. As detailed in this report, to arrive at fully interoperable atlases of the human brain will still require much work at the frontiers of data acquisition, analysis, and represen-tation. Among them, the latter may provide the most challenging task, in particular when it comes to representing features of vastly different scales of space, time and abstraction. The potential benefits of such endeavor, however, clearly outweigh the problems, as only such kind of multi-modal human brain atlas may provide a starting point from which the complex relationships between structure, function, and connectivity may be explored

Interoperable atlases of the human brain

interoperable atlases of the human brain

audiencethe decades unprecedented scales. fundus pects micro macrostructural segregation specialization connectivity dynamics. atlases integrate diverse topo graphically meaningful way. noteworthy postmortem slow dynamics. inevitable multimodal model. held workshop modal enable modalities analysis. arrive interoperable atlases frontiers acquisition represen tation. challenging comes representing vastly abstraction. benefits endeavor outweigh kind modal atlas connectivity explored

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52451288

10.1051/0004-6361:20041544

The original publication is available in Astronomy & Astrophysics at www.aanda.org.International audienceObservations of meteor showers allow us to constrain several cometary parameter and to retrieve useful parameters on cometary dust grains, for instance the dust size distribution index s. In this first paper, we describe a new model to compute the time and level of a meteor shower whose parent body is a known periodic comet. The aim of our work was to use all the available knowledge on cometary dust to avoid most of the "a priori" hypotheses of previous meteoroid stream models. The ejection velocity is based on a hydrodynamic model. Because of the large amount of particles released by the comet, it is impossible to compute the orbits of all of them. Instead, we link each computed particle with the real number of meteoroids ejected in the same conditions, through a "dirty snowball" cometary model calibrated with the [A f ρ] parameter. We used a massive numerical integration for all the particles without hypotheses about size distribution. The time of maximum is evaluated from the position of the nodes of impacting meteoroids. The model allows us to compute ephemerides of meteors showers and the spatial density of meteors streams, from which a ZHR can be estimated. At the end a fit of our predictions with observations allows us to compute the dust size distribution index. We used 2002 and 2003 leonid meteor showers to illustrate our method. The application of our model to the Leonid meteor shower from 1833 to 2100 is given in Paper II

A new method to predict meteor showers. I. Description of the model

a new method to predict meteor showers. i. description of the model

publication astronomy astrophysics .international audienceobservations meteor showers constrain cometary retrieve cometary grains meteor shower parent comet. cometary avoid priori hypotheses meteoroid stream models. ejection hydrodynamic model. released comet impossible orbits them. meteoroids ejected dirty snowball cometary calibrated parameter. massive hypotheses distribution. impacting meteoroids. ephemerides meteors showers meteors streams estimated. index. leonid meteor showers illustrate method. leonid meteor shower

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52621208

10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2011.08.032

International audienceSintering of CeO2 is studied in situ by high temperature scanning environmental microscopy (HT-ESEM) at T = 1400 °C. The morphological modifications of a single grains population are recorded for 6 h. Kinetic parameters are extracted from image series. The local grain growth determined from the single population studied in situ is compared to the general grain growth obtained by classical ex situ technique. Using HT-ESEM for sintering study is validated. The grain boundary velocities range between 0 and 5 μm h−1, with a mean value of about 1 μm h−1. The migration of the intragranular surface pores is described. Their velocities range between 0.4 and 1.2 μm h−1 and depend on pore diameters: the smaller the pore, the faster the pore velocity. The time required to fill a pore that arises at the sample surface is determined as a function of pore diameter. The time for pore elimination dependence with the pore diameters is also established

Dynamic aspects of cerium dioxide sintering: HT-ESEM study of grain growth and pore elimination

dynamic aspects of cerium dioxide sintering: ht-esem study of grain growth and pore elimination

audiencesintering situ scanning microscopy esem morphological modifications grains series. grain situ grain situ technique. esem sintering validated. grain velocities migration intragranular pores described. velocities pore diameters pore faster pore velocity. fill pore arises pore diameter. pore elimination pore diameters

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52648552

10.1016/j.jas.2012.12.002

International audienceA source-to-sink multi-proxy approach has been performed within Lake Paladru (492 m a.s.l., French Prealps) catchment and a six-meter long sediment sequence retrieved from the central lacustrine basin. The combination of minerogenic signal, specific organic markers of autochthonous and allochthonous supply and archaeological data allows the reconstruction of a continuous record of past human disturbances. Over the last 10000 years, the lacustrine sedimentation was dominated by autochthonous carbonates and the watershed was mostly forest-covered. However, seven phases of higher accumulation rate, soil erosion, algal productivity and landscape disturbances have been identified and dated from 8400-7900, 6000-4800, 4500-3200, 2700-2050 cal BP as well as AD 350-850, AD 1250-1850 and after AD 1970. Before 5200 cal BP, soil erosion is interpreted as resulting from climatic deterioration phases toward cooler and wetter conditions. During the Mid-Late Holocene period, erosion fluxes and landscape disturbances are always associated with prehistorical and historical human activities and amplified by climatic oscillations. Such changes in human land-used led to increasing minerogenic supply and nutrients loading that affected lacustrine trophic levels, especially during the last 1600 years. In addition, organic and molecular markers document previously unknown human settlements around Lake Paladru during the Bronze and the Iron Ages

Holocene land-use evolution and associated soil erosion in the French Prealps inferred from Lake Paladru sediments and archaeological evidences

holocene land-use evolution and associated soil erosion in the french prealps inferred from lake paladru sediments and archaeological evidences

audiencea sink proxy lake paladru a.s.l. french prealps catchment meter sediment retrieved lacustrine basin. minerogenic markers autochthonous allochthonous supply archaeological reconstruction record disturbances. lacustrine sedimentation dominated autochthonous carbonates watershed mostly forest covered. seven accumulation erosion algal productivity landscape disturbances dated erosion interpreted climatic deterioration toward cooler wetter conditions. holocene erosion fluxes landscape disturbances prehistorical historical amplified climatic oscillations. minerogenic supply nutrients loading lacustrine trophic years. markers document unknown settlements lake paladru bronze iron ages

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52662577

10.1051/0004-6361:20041544

The original publication is available in Astronomy & Astrophysics at www.aanda.org.International audienceObservations of meteor showers allow us to constrain several cometary parameter and to retrieve useful parameters on cometary dust grains, for instance the dust size distribution index s. In this first paper, we describe a new model to compute the time and level of a meteor shower whose parent body is a known periodic comet. The aim of our work was to use all the available knowledge on cometary dust to avoid most of the "a priori" hypotheses of previous meteoroid stream models. The ejection velocity is based on a hydrodynamic model. Because of the large amount of particles released by the comet, it is impossible to compute the orbits of all of them. Instead, we link each computed particle with the real number of meteoroids ejected in the same conditions, through a "dirty snowball" cometary model calibrated with the [A f ρ] parameter. We used a massive numerical integration for all the particles without hypotheses about size distribution. The time of maximum is evaluated from the position of the nodes of impacting meteoroids. The model allows us to compute ephemerides of meteors showers and the spatial density of meteors streams, from which a ZHR can be estimated. At the end a fit of our predictions with observations allows us to compute the dust size distribution index. We used 2002 and 2003 leonid meteor showers to illustrate our method. The application of our model to the Leonid meteor shower from 1833 to 2100 is given in Paper II

A new method to predict meteor showers. I. Description of the model

a new method to predict meteor showers. i. description of the model

publication astronomy astrophysics .international audienceobservations meteor showers constrain cometary retrieve cometary grains meteor shower parent comet. cometary avoid priori hypotheses meteoroid stream models. ejection hydrodynamic model. released comet impossible orbits them. meteoroids ejected dirty snowball cometary calibrated parameter. massive hypotheses distribution. impacting meteoroids. ephemerides meteors showers meteors streams estimated. index. leonid meteor showers illustrate method. leonid meteor shower

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52663121

10.1051/0004-6361/200811509

International audienceContext: The accuracy of predicted orbital positions depends on the quality of the theorical model and of the observations used to fit the model. During the period of observations, this accuracy can be estimated through comparison with observations. Outside this period, the estimation remains difficult. Many methods have been developed for asteroid ephemerides in order to evaluate this accuracy. Aims: This paper introduces a new method to estimate the accuracy of predicted positions at any time, in particular outside the observation period. Methods: This new method is based upon a bootstrap resampling and allows this estimation with minimal assumptions. Results: The method was applied to two of the main Saturnian satellites, Mimas and Titan, and compared with other methods used previously for asteroids. The bootstrap resampling is a robust and practical method for estimating the accuracy of predicted positions

Estimating the accuracy of satellite ephemerides using the bootstrap method

estimating the accuracy of satellite ephemerides using the bootstrap method

audiencecontext orbital theorical model. observations. difficult. asteroid ephemerides accuracy. aims introduces period. bootstrap resampling assumptions. saturnian satellites mimas titan asteroids. bootstrap resampling robust practical estimating

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52664940

10.1051/0004-6361:20031572

International audienceWe report observations of the expected main S-bearingspecies (SO, SO2 and H2S) in the low-mass star forming regionL1689N. We obtained large scale (~300''x200'') maps ofseveral transitions from these molecules with the goal to study thesulphur chemistry, i.e. how the relative abundances change in thedifferent physical conditions found in L1689N. We identified eightinteresting regions, where we carried out a quantitative comparativestudy: the molecular cloud (as reference position), five shockedregions caused by the interaction of the molecular outflows with thecloud, and the two protostars IRAS16293-2422 and 16293E. In thecloud we carefully computed the gas temperature and density by meansof a non-LTE LVG code, while in other regions we used previousresults. We hence derived the column density of SO, SO2 andH2S, together with SiO and H2CO - which were observed previously- and their relevant abundance ratios. We find that SiO is themolecule that shows the largest abundance variations in the shockedregions, whereas S-bearing molecules show more moderate variations.Remarkably, the region of the brightest SiO emission in L1689Nis undetected in SO2, H2S andH2CO and only marginally detected in SO. In the other weaker SiOshocks, SO2 is enhanced with respect to SO. We propose a schema inwhich the different molecular ratios correspond to different ages ofthe shocks. Finally, we find that SO, SO2 and H2S havesignificant abundance jumps in the inner hot core of IRAS16293-2422and discuss the implications of the measured abundances

Sulphur-bearing species in the star forming region L1689N

sulphur-bearing species in the star forming region l1689n

audiencewe bearingspecies forming regionl ofseveral goal thesulphur i.e. abundances thedifferent eightinteresting comparativestudy shockedregions outflows thecloud protostars iras thecloud carefully meansof previousresults. andh abundance ratios. themolecule abundance shockedregions bearing moderate variations.remarkably brightest undetected andh marginally weaker sioshocks propose schema inwhich ages ofthe shocks. havesignificant abundance jumps iras abundances

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52671400

10.1007/3-540-45706-2_59

8th International Euro-Par Conference Paderborn, Germany, August 27–30, 2002 ProceedingsInternational audienceWe are interested in a host-parasite system occuring in fish farms, i.e the sea bass - Diplectanum aequans system. A discrete mathematical model is used to describe the dynamics of both populations. A deterministic numerical simulator and, lately, a stochastic simulator were developed to study this biological system. Parallelization is required because execution times are too long. The Monte Carlo algorithm of the stochastic simulator and its three levels of parallelism are described. Analysis and performances, up to 256 processors, of a hybrid MPI/OpenMP code are then presented for a cluster of SMP nodes. Qualitative results are given for the host-parasite system

Stochastic simulation of a marine host-parasite system using a hybrid MPI/OpenMP programming

stochastic simulation of a marine host-parasite system using a hybrid mpi/openmp programming

euro paderborn august proceedingsinternational audiencewe interested parasite occuring fish farms bass diplectanum aequans system. mathematical populations. deterministic simulator lately stochastic simulator system. parallelization execution long. monte carlo stochastic simulator parallelism described. performances processors hybrid openmp nodes. qualitative parasite

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52679798

10.1007/s00023-013-0290-4

International audienceWe construct a matrix model that reproduces the topological string partition function on arbitrary toric Calabi-Yau threefolds. This demonstrates, in accord with the BKMP "remodeling the B-model" conjecture, that Gromov-Witten invariants of any toric Calabi-Yau threefold can be computed in terms of the spectral invariants of a spectral curve. Moreover, it proves that the generating function of Gromov-Witten invariants is a tau function for an integrable hierarchy. In a follow-up paper, we will explicitly construct the spectral curve of our matrix model and argue that it equals the mirror curve of the toric Calabi-Yau manifold

A Matrix Model for the Topological String I: Deriving the Matrix Model

a matrix model for the topological string i: deriving the matrix model

audiencewe reproduces topological partition toric calabi threefolds. demonstrates accord bkmp remodeling conjecture gromov witten invariants toric calabi threefold invariants curve. proves generating gromov witten invariants integrable hierarchy. explicitly argue equals mirror toric calabi manifold

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52736854

10.1007/s00410-010-0585-0

International audienceExperiments were conducted to determine CO2 solubilities in alkali basalts from Vesuvius, Etna and Stromboli volcanoes. The basaltic melts were equilibrated with nearly pure CO2 at 1,200°C under oxidizing conditions and at pressures ranging from 269 to 2,060 bars. CO2 solubility was determined by FTIR measurements. The results show that alkalis have a strong effect on the CO2 solubility and confirm and refine the relationship between the compositional parameter Π devised by Dixon (Am Mineral 82:368-378, 1997) and the CO2 solubility

The carbon dioxide solubility in alkali basalts: an experimental study

the carbon dioxide solubility in alkali basalts: an experimental study

audienceexperiments solubilities alkali basalts vesuvius etna stromboli volcanoes. basaltic melts equilibrated nearly oxidizing pressures ranging bars. solubility ftir measurements. alkalis solubility confirm refine compositional devised dixon mineral solubility

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52745951

10.1016/j.astropartphys.2009.02.008

In this paper we report on the data recorded with the first Antares detector line. The line was deployed on the 14th of February 2006 and was connected to the readout two weeks later. Environmental data for one and a half years of running are shown. Measurements of atmospheric muons from data taken from selected runs during the first six months of operation are presented. Performance figures in terms of time residuals and angular resolution are given. Finally the angular distribution of atmospheric muons is presented and from this the depth profile of the muon intensity is derived

Performance of the First ANTARES Detector Line

performance of the first antares detector line

antares line. deployed february readout later. running shown. muons runs presented. residuals given. muons muon

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52759822

10.1016/j.envsoft.2006.08.002

International audienceA neural network combined to a neural classifier is used in a real time forecasting of hourly maximum ozone in the centre of France, in an urban atmosphere. This neural model is based on the MultiLayer Perceptron (MLP) structure. The inputs of the statistical network are model output statistics of the weather predictions from the French National Weather Service. With this neural classifier, the Success Index of forecasting is 78% whereas it is from 65% to 72% with the classical MLPs. During the validation phase, in the Summer of 2003, six ozone peaks above the threshold were detected. They actually were seven

A 24-h forecast of ozone peaks and exceedance levels using neural classifiers and weather predictions

a 24-h forecast of ozone peaks and exceedance levels using neural classifiers and weather predictions

audiencea classifier forecasting hourly ozone atmosphere. multilayer perceptron structure. inputs weather french weather service. classifier success forecasting mlps. validation summer ozone detected. seven

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52765430

10.1016/j.soildyn.2004.11.003

International audienceThe main purpose of the paper is to analyze seismic site effects in alluvial basins and to discuss the influence of the knowledge of the local geology on site amplification simulations. Wave amplification is due to a combined effect of impedance ratio between soil layers and surface wave propagation due to the limited extent of the basin. In this paper, we investigate the influence of the complexity of the soil layering (simplified or detailed layering) on site effects in both time and frequency domain. The analysis is performed by the Boundary Element Method. The European test site of Volvi (Greece) is considered and 2D amplification in the basin is investigated for various soil models. Seismic signals are computed in time domain for synthetic Ricker signals as well as actual measurements. They are analyzed in terms of amplification level as well as time duration lengthening (basin effects) for both SH and SV waves. These results show that the geometry of the basin has a very strong influence on seismic wave amplification in terms of both amplification level and time duration lengthening. The combined influence of geometry/layering of alluvial basins seems to be very important for the analysis of 2D (3D) site effects but a simplified analysis could sometimes be sufficient. In the case of Volvi European test site, this influence leads to (measured and computed) 2D amplification ratios far above 1D estimations from horizontal layering descriptions

Seismic wave amplification: Basin geometry vs soil layering.

seismic wave amplification: basin geometry vs soil layering.

audiencethe analyze seismic alluvial basins geology amplification simulations. amplification impedance propagation basin. layering simplified layering domain. method. volvi greece amplification basin models. seismic synthetic ricker measurements. amplification lengthening basin waves. basin seismic amplification amplification lengthening. layering alluvial basins simplified sometimes sufficient. volvi amplification estimations layering descriptions

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52841725

10.1007/s00222-018-0788-y

International audienceThe fundamental inequality of Guivarc'h relates the entropy and the drift of random walks on groups. It is strict if and only if the random walk does not behave like the uniform measure on balls. We prove that, in any nonelementary hyperbolic group which is not virtually free, endowed with a word distance, the fundamental inequality is strict for symmetric measures with finite support, uniformly for measures with a given support. This answers a conjecture of S. Lalley. For admissible measures, this is proved using previous results of Ancona and Blachère-Haïssinsky-Mathieu. For non-admissible measures, this follows from a counting result, interesting in its own right: we show that, in any infinite index subgroup, the number of non-distorted points is exponentially small. The uniformity is obtained by studying the behavior of measures that degenerate towards a measure supported on an elementary subgroup

Entropy and drift in word hyperbolic groups

entropy and drift in word hyperbolic groups

audiencethe inequality guivarc relates drift walks groups. strict walk behave balls. nonelementary hyperbolic virtually endowed word inequality strict uniformly support. answers conjecture lalley. admissible proved ancona blachère haïssinsky mathieu. admissible counting infinite subgroup distorted exponentially small. uniformity studying degenerate elementary subgroup

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52852184

10.1016/j.margeo.2011.03.017

International audienceThe Messinian Salinity Crisis (MSC) drastically affected the physiography, morphology and sedimentation all along the Mediterranean area at the end of the Miocene. This paper presents an analysis of the effects of the MSC on the Catalan continental margin, based on a broad database of seismic reflection profiles from the oil industry and academy. We study the sedimentary processes and their controlling factors and the correlation with the nearby and well-known Gulf of Lions. Because of the complexity of the MSC, we define the Margin Erosion Surface/Top Erosion Surface (MES/TES) as the surface marking the end of the Messinian event, which allows differentiating three domains along the Catalan margin: the Creus, Girona and Barcelona domains, separated by the Palamós and Blanes canyons. The Creus domain shows an important structural control on the MES/TES physiography, while the Girona and Barcelona domains are characterized by wide and flat MSC platforms below the present-day shelf. The entire margin developed a series of complex drainage systems as the result of the Messinian sea level drop. The location of the main valleys (Cap de Creus paleo-drainage system, Palamós and Blanes paleo-canyons and the downslope-trending valleys on the Barcelona domain) was directly controlled by the structural framework. In contrast, the Barcelona paleo-drainage system and the tributaries of the Blanes and Palamós systems were excavated by direct subaerial erosion by meteoric rain in the basins limited by basement blocks, and were afterwards totally filled by the Pliocene-Quaternary sedimentation. Regarding the MSC depositional features, the major part of the eroded sediment was deposited as detrital deposits on the foot of the slope. The distribution of detrital bodies and evaporites was also structurally controlled. A Zanclean sea level rise occurring in at least two phases is confirmed by this study, in correlation with interpretations from the Gulf of Lions

The Catalan margin during the Messinian Salinity Crisis: Physiography, morphology and sedimentary record

the catalan margin during the messinian salinity crisis: physiography, morphology and sedimentary record

audiencethe messinian salinity crisis drastically physiography morphology sedimentation mediterranean miocene. presents catalan continental margin broad seismic reflection academy. sedimentary controlling nearby gulf lions. margin erosion erosion marking messinian differentiating catalan margin creus girona barcelona separated palamós blanes canyons. creus physiography girona barcelona platforms shelf. margin drainage messinian drop. valleys creus paleo drainage palamós blanes paleo canyons downslope trending valleys barcelona framework. barcelona paleo drainage tributaries blanes palamós excavated subaerial erosion meteoric rain basins basement blocks afterwards totally filled pliocene quaternary sedimentation. depositional eroded sediment deposited detrital deposits foot slope. detrital bodies evaporites structurally controlled. zanclean occurring confirmed interpretations gulf lions

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52856344

10.1016/j.dsr2.2009.04.001

International audienceThe Congo deep-sea fan is one of the largest fans in the world still affected by presently active turbidity currents. The present activity of deep-sea sedimentary processes is linked to the existence of a direct connection between the Congo River estuary and the Congo canyon head that allows relatively continuous sediment feeding of the deep-sea environment, in spite of a wide continental shelf (150 km). Because of this important activity in terms of sedimentary processes, the deep-sea environment of the Congo–Angola margin presents major interests concerning physical, chemical and biological studies near the seafloor. The main aim of this paper is to present the initial geological context of the BioZaire Program, showing a synthesis of the major results of the ZaïAngo Project including (1) the brief geological setting of the Congo–Angola margin, (2) the structure of the modern Congo deep-sea fan, (3) the sedimentary architecture of the recent Congo turbidite system (from the canyon to the distal lobes) and (4) the recent and present turbidite sedimentation. In order to provide useful information and advice relevant to biological and geochemical studies across the Congo sedimentary system, this article is particularly focused on the present sedimentary processes and the present activity of turbidity current along the Congo canyon and channel

Geological overview of the Angola–Congo margin, the Congo deep-sea fan and its submarine valleys

geological overview of the angola–congo margin, the congo deep-sea fan and its submarine valleys

audiencethe congo fans presently turbidity currents. sedimentary connection congo river estuary congo canyon sediment feeding spite continental shelf sedimentary congo–angola margin presents interests concerning seafloor. geological biozaire zaïango brief geological congo–angola margin modern congo sedimentary architecture congo turbidite canyon distal lobes turbidite sedimentation. advice geochemical congo sedimentary focused sedimentary turbidity congo canyon

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52872442

10.1016/j.apgeochem.2010.02.009

International audienceMining/smelting wastes and reservoir sediment cores from the Lot River watershed were studied using mineralogical (XRD, SEM-EDS, EMPA) and geochemical (redox dynamics, selective extractions) approaches to characterize the main carrier phases of trace metals. These two approaches permitted determining the role of post-depositional redistribution processes in sediments and their effects on the fate and mobility of trace metals. The mining/smelting wastes showed heterogeneous mineral compositions with highly variable contents of trace metals. The main trace metal-bearing phases include spinels affected by secondary processes, silicates and sulfates. The results indicate a clear change in the chemical partitioning of trace metals between the reservoir sediments upstream and downstream of the mining/smelting activities, with the downstream sediments showing a 2-fold to 5-fold greater contribution of the oxidizable fraction. This increase was ascribed to stronger post-depositional redistribution of trace metals related to intense early diagenetic processes, including dissolution of trace metal-bearing phases and precipitation of authigenic sulfide phases through organic matter (OM) mineralization. This redistribution is due to high inputs (derived from mining/smelting waste weathering) at the water-sediment interface of (i) dissolved SO4 promoting more efficient OM mineralization, and (ii) highly reactive trace metal-bearing particles. As a result, the main trace metal-bearing phases in the downstream sediments are represented by Zn- and Fe-sulfides, with minor occurrence of detrital zincian spinels, sulfates and Fe oxyhydroxides. Sequestration of trace metals in sulfides at depth in reservoir sediments does not represent long term sequestration owing to possible resuspension of anoxic sediments by natural (floods) and/or anthropogenic (dredging, dam flush) events that might promote trace metal mobilization through sulfide oxidation. It is estimated that, during a major flood event, about 870 t of Zn, 18 t of Cd, 25 t of Pb and 17 t of Cu could be mobilized from the downstream reservoir sediments along the Lot River by resuspension-induced oxidation of sulfide phases. These amounts are equivalent to 13-fold (Cd), not, vert, similar6-fold (Zn), 4-fold (Pb) the mean annual inputs of the respective dissolved trace metals into the Gironde estuary

Post-depositional redistribution of trace metals in reservoir sediments of a mining/smelting-impacted watershed (the Lot River, SW France)

post-depositional redistribution of trace metals in reservoir sediments of a mining/smelting-impacted watershed (the lot river, sw france)

audiencemining smelting wastes reservoir sediment cores river watershed mineralogical empa geochemical redox selective extractions characterize carrier trace metals. permitted determining depositional redistribution sediments fate mobility trace metals. mining smelting wastes heterogeneous mineral compositions contents trace metals. trace bearing spinels silicates sulfates. partitioning trace metals reservoir sediments upstream downstream mining smelting downstream sediments oxidizable fraction. ascribed stronger depositional redistribution trace metals intense diagenetic dissolution trace bearing precipitation authigenic sulfide mineralization. redistribution inputs mining smelting waste weathering sediment dissolved promoting mineralization reactive trace bearing particles. trace bearing downstream sediments sulfides minor occurrence detrital zincian spinels sulfates oxyhydroxides. sequestration trace metals sulfides reservoir sediments sequestration owing resuspension anoxic sediments floods anthropogenic dredging flush promote trace mobilization sulfide oxidation. flood mobilized downstream reservoir sediments river resuspension oxidation sulfide phases. amounts vert inputs respective dissolved trace metals gironde estuary

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52910805

10.1007/s00285-009-0285-4

International audienceWe are interested in the long time behavior of a two-type density-dependent biological population conditioned to non-extinction, in both cases of competition or weak cooperation between the two species. This population is described by a stochastic Lotka-Volterra system, obtained as limit of renormalized interacting birth and death processes. The weak cooperation assumption allows the system not to blow up. We study the existence and uniqueness of a quasi-stationary distribution, that is convergence to equilibrium conditioned to non extinction. To this aim we generalize in two-dimensions spectral tools developed for one-dimensional generalized Feller diffusion processes. The existence proof of a quasi-stationary distribution is reduced to the one for a $d$-dimensional Kolmogorov diffusion process under a symmetry assumption. The symmetry we need is satisfied under a local balance condition relying the ecological rates. A novelty is the outlined relation between the uniqueness of the quasi-stationary distribution and the ultracontractivity of the killed semi-group. By a comparison between the killing rates for the populations of each type and the one of the global population, we show that the quasi-stationary distribution can be either supported by individuals of one (the strongest one) type or supported by individuals of the two types. We thus highlight two different long time behaviors depending on the parameters of the model: either the model exhibits an intermediary time scale for which only one type (the dominant trait) is surviving, or there is a positive probability to have coexistence of the two species

COMPETITIVE OR WEAK COOPERATIVE STOCHASTIC LOTKA-VOLTERRA SYSTEMS CONDITIONED TO NON-EXTINCTION

competitive or weak cooperative stochastic lotka-volterra systems conditioned to non-extinction

audiencewe interested conditioned extinction competition cooperation species. stochastic lotka volterra renormalized interacting birth processes. cooperation blow uniqueness quasi stationary conditioned extinction. generalize feller processes. quasi stationary kolmogorov assumption. satisfied balance relying ecological rates. novelty outlined uniqueness quasi stationary ultracontractivity killed group. killing quasi stationary strongest types. highlight behaviors exhibits intermediary trait surviving coexistence

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53181237

10.1007/978-94-017-8965-3_2

Abstract Estuaries and coastal zones are dynamic transitional systems which\ud provide many economic and ecological benefits to humans, but also are an ideal\ud habitat for other organisms as well. These areas are becoming contaminated by\ud various anthropogenic activities due to a quick economic growth and urbanization.\ud This chapter explores the sources, chemical speciation, sediment accumulation and\ud removal mechanisms of the harmful elements in estuarine and coastal seawaters. It\ud also describes the effects of toxic elements on aquatic flora and fauna. Finally, the\ud toxic element pollution of the Venice Lagoon, a transitional water body located in\ud the northeastern part of Italy, is discussed as a case study, by presenting the\ud procedures adopted to measure the extent of the pollution, the impacts on organisms\ud and the restoration activities

Harmful Elements in Estuarine\ud and Coastal Systems

harmful elements in estuarine\ud and coastal systems

estuaries coastal zones transitional ecological benefits humans ideal habitat organisms well. becoming contaminated anthropogenic quick urbanization. explores speciation sediment accumulation removal harmful estuarine coastal seawaters. describes toxic aquatic flora fauna. toxic pollution venice lagoon transitional northeastern presenting adopted pollution impacts organisms restoration

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54025527

10.1016/j.micron.2010.09.005

International audienceThe review focuses on the effects of several important additives and templates controlling the calcium carbonate crystals formation and the complexity of the crystal morphologies in vitro. Additives include soluble matrices extracted from shells and pearls, amino-acids, magnesium ions and collagen among others. Templates include modified single crystal silicon, natural biominerals among others. Mechanisms proposed to explain the phenomena are not systematic, further studies are necessary to explain how organic matrices mediate calcium carbonate mineralization

Effects of Additives and Templates on Calcium Carbonate Mineralization in vitro

effects of additives and templates on calcium carbonate mineralization in vitro

audiencethe focuses additives templates controlling calcium carbonate crystals morphologies vitro. additives soluble shells pearls magnesium collagen others. templates silicon biominerals others. phenomena mediate calcium carbonate mineralization

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54025614

10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2007.11.037

International audienceThe hippocampus is the brain structure of highest and earliest structural alteration in Alzheimer's disease (AD). New developments in neuroimaging methods recently made it possible to assess the respective involvement of the different hippocampal subfields by mapping atrophy on a 3D hippocampal surface view. In this longitudinal study on patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), we used such an approach to map the profile of hippocampal atrophy and its progression over an 18-month follow-up period in rapid converters to AD and "non-converters" compared to age-matched controls. For the sake of comparison, we also assessed the profile of hippocampal atrophy associated with AD and with increasing age in a healthy control population ranging from young adult to elderly. We found major involvement of the lateral part of the superior hippocampus mainly corresponding to the CA1 subfield in MCI and AD while increasing age was mainly associated with subiculum atrophy in the healthy population. Moreover, the CA1 subfield also showed highest atrophy rates during follow-up, in both rapid converters and "non-converters" although increased effects were observed in the former group. This study emphasizes the differences between normal aging and AD processes leading to hippocampal atrophy, pointing to a specific AD-related CA1 involvement while subiculum atrophy would represent a normal aging process. Our findings also suggest that the degree of hippocampal atrophy, more than its spatial localization, predicts rapid conversion to AD in patients with MCI

Three-dimensional surface mapping of hippocampal atrophy progression from MCI to AD and over normal aging as assessed using voxel-based morphometry.

three-dimensional surface mapping of hippocampal atrophy progression from mci to ad and over normal aging as assessed using voxel-based morphometry.

audiencethe hippocampus earliest alteration alzheimer developments neuroimaging respective involvement hippocampal subfields atrophy hippocampal view. longitudinal mild impairment hippocampal atrophy progression month converters converters matched controls. sake hippocampal atrophy healthy ranging elderly. involvement lateral superior hippocampus subfield subiculum atrophy healthy population. subfield atrophy converters converters former group. emphasizes aging hippocampal atrophy pointing involvement subiculum atrophy aging process. hippocampal atrophy localization predicts conversion

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54031525

10.1007/s00126-015-0618-8

International audienceThe nature and the origin of zinc clays are poorly understood. With the example of the Bou Arhous Zn-Pb ore deposit in the Moroccan High Atlas, this study presents new data for the mineralogical and chemical characterization of barren and zinc clays associated with non-sulfide zinc ores. In the field, white to ocher granular clays are associated with willemite (Zn2SiO4), while red clays fill karst-related cavities cutting across the non-sulfide ore bodies. Red clays (kaolinite, chlorite, illite, and smectite) present evidence of stratification that reflects internal sedimentation processes during the karst evolution. White clays contain 7-Å clay mineral/smectite irregular interstratified minerals with less than 20 % of smectite layers. Willemite is partially dissolved and is surrounded by authigenic zinc clay minerals. Together with XRD results, WDS analyses on newly formed clay aggregates suggest that this interstratified mineral is composed of fraipontite and sauconite. CEC measurements support that zinc is only located within the octahedral sheets. These new results support the following process: (i) dissolution of willemite, leading to release of Si and Zn, (ii) interaction between Zn-Si-rich solutions and residual-detrital clays, and (iii) dissolution of kaolinite and formation of interstratified zinc clay minerals that grew over detrital micas

Zinc-rich clays in supergene non-sulfide zinc deposits

zinc-rich clays in supergene non-sulfide zinc deposits

audiencethe zinc clays poorly understood. arhous deposit moroccan atlas presents mineralogical barren zinc clays sulfide zinc ores. ocher granular clays willemite clays fill karst cavities cutting sulfide bodies. clays kaolinite chlorite illite smectite stratification reflects sedimentation karst evolution. clays clay mineral smectite irregular interstratified minerals smectite layers. willemite partially dissolved surrounded authigenic zinc clay minerals. newly clay aggregates interstratified mineral composed fraipontite sauconite. zinc octahedral sheets. dissolution willemite residual detrital clays dissolution kaolinite interstratified zinc clay minerals grew detrital micas

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55707399

10.1089/ten.2006.0382

We have recently shown that Matrigel-filled chambers containing fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2) and placed around an epigastric pedicle in the mouse were highly adipogenic. Contact of this construct with pre-existing tissue or a free adipose graft was required. To further investigate the mechanisms underpinning formation of new adipose tissue, we seeded these chambers with human adipose biopsies and human adipose-derived cell populations in severe combined immunodeficient mice and assessed the origin of the resultant adipose tissue after 6 weeks using species-specific probes. The tissues were negative for human-specific vimentin labeling, suggesting that the fat originates from the murine host rather than the human graft. This was supported by the strong presence of mouse-specific Cot-1 deoxyribonucleic acid labeling, and the absence of human Cot-1 labeling in the new fat. Even chambers seeded with FGF2/Matrigel containing cultured human stromal-vascular fraction (SVF) labeled strongly only for human vimentin in cells that did not have a mature adipocyte phenotype; the newly formed fat tissue was negative for human vimentin. These findings indicate that grafts placed in the chamber have an inductive function for neo-adipogenesis, rather than supplying adipocyte-precursor cells to generate the new fat tissue, and preliminary observations implicate the SVF in producing inductive factors. This surprising finding opens the door for refinement of current adipose tissue-engineering approaches

Host rather than graft origin of matrigel-induced adipose tissue in the murine tissue-engineering chamber

host rather than graft origin of matrigel-induced adipose tissue in the murine tissue-engineering chamber

matrigel filled chambers fibroblast placed epigastric pedicle adipogenic. adipose graft required. underpinning adipose seeded chambers adipose biopsies adipose immunodeficient resultant adipose probes. tissues vimentin labeling originates murine graft. deoxyribonucleic labeling labeling fat. chambers seeded matrigel cultured stromal vascular labeled vimentin mature adipocyte phenotype newly vimentin. grafts placed chamber inductive adipogenesis supplying adipocyte precursor preliminary implicate producing inductive factors. surprising opens door refinement adipose

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59244129

10.1063/1.2001749

To examine the electronic structure of the valence band, ultraviolet photoemission spectra of a series of layered oxychalcogenides, LaCuOCh (Ch=S, Se, and Te), were measured. The measurements were conducted using He II, He I, and Ne I excitation lines to observe the excitation energy dependence of the spectral shape. Energy-band calculations based on a full-potential linearized augmented plain-wave method were performed. The calculated density of states and partial density of states were compared to the observed photoemission spectra. Five bands were observed in the valence band of LaCuOCh, and Ne I radiation remarkably enhanced two of them. The energy dependence of the photoionization cross section of atomic orbitals indicated that the two enhanced bands were due to the Ch p states. Energy calculations were used to assign the remaining bands. The electronic structure of LaCuOCh was further discussed using molecular-orbital diagrams to visualize the (La2O2)2+ and (Cu2Ch2)2– layers as large donor-acceptor pairs. The energy-band calculation and molecular-orbital diagram analyses suggested that the main difference among the valence-band structures of LaCuOCh (Ch=S, Se, and Te) originates from the variations in the energy position of the Ch p bands. The observed spectra are consistent with the results of the band calculations and clearly show the energy variations in the Ch p bands with respect to spectral shape and excitation energy dependence

Valence-band structures of layered oxychalcogenides, LaCuOCh (Ch=S, Se, and Te), studied by ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy and energy-band calculations

valence-band structures of layered oxychalcogenides, lacuoch (ch=s, se, and te), studied by ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy and energy-band calculations

examine valence ultraviolet photoemission layered oxychalcogenides lacuoch measured. shape. linearized augmented plain performed. photoemission spectra. valence lacuoch remarkably them. photoionization orbitals states. assign bands. lacuoch orbital diagrams visualize donor acceptor pairs. orbital valence lacuoch originates bands.

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61371073

10.1016/j.ijcard.2007.04.042

Background. Myocardial flow reserve (MFR) in the non-infarct-related area (NIRA) has been reported to be impaired after the onset of myocardial infarction (MI). The aim of this study was to determine whether microvascular dysfunction in the NIRA is related to left-ventricular remodeling after MI. Methods. We prospectively studied 17 patients who suffered their first single-vessel MI, and who underwent successful revascularization. The MFR in the NIRA was assessed quantitatively using ^13N-ammonia positron emission tomography within 2 weeks after the onset. Peak creatinine kinase and the defect score on ^<99m>Tc-tetrofosmin myocardial perfusion imaging were used as an index of the severity of MI. The left-ventricular end-diastolic volume index (LVEDVI) was calculated using left ventriculography at 1 month and 6 months after the onset. Results. Patients with severely impaired MFR (< 2.09) had higher peak creatinine kinase values (6,000 ± 5,485 IU/L vs. 2,250 ± 1,950 IU/L, p = 0.0081), defect scores (16.3 ± 5.9 vs. 7.9 ± 6.5, p = 0.0404), and LVEDVI at 1 month (125.6 ± 34.4 mL/m^2 vs. 82.8 ± 17.7 mL/m^2, p = 0.0036) than those with mildly impaired MFR (≥ 2.09). Moreover, the differences of LVEDVI between the 2 groups persisted over 6 months (133.3 ± 43.6 mL/m^2 vs. 89.5 ± 17.3 mL/m^2, p = 0.0078). The MFR in the NIRA correlated inversely with the LVEDVI at 1 month and 6 months (r = -0.590, p = 0.0127 and r = -0.729, p = 0.0031, respectively). Conclusions. These data indicate that microvascular impairment in the NIRA might have contributed to left-ventricular remodeling after MI

Relationship Between Impaired Microvascular Function in the Non-Infarct-Related Area and Left Ventricular Remodeling in Patients With Myocardial Infarction

relationship between impaired microvascular function in the non-infarct-related area and left ventricular remodeling in patients with myocardial infarction

background. myocardial reserve infarct nira impaired onset myocardial infarction microvascular dysfunction nira ventricular remodeling methods. prospectively suffered vessel underwent successful revascularization. nira quantitatively ammonia positron tomography onset. creatinine defect tetrofosmin myocardial perfusion severity ventricular diastolic lvedvi ventriculography month onset. results. severely impaired creatinine defect lvedvi month mildly impaired lvedvi persisted nira inversely lvedvi month conclusions. microvascular impairment nira contributed ventricular remodeling

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80526845

10.1007/s00477-015-1111-8

In some diseases it is well-known that a unimodal mortality pattern exists. A clear example in developed countries is breast cancer, where mortality increased sharply until the nineties and then decreased. This clear unimodal pattern is not necessarily applicable to all regions within a country. In this paper, we develop statistical tools to check if the unimodality pattern persists within regions using order restricted inference. Break points as well as con dence intervals are also provided. In addition, a new test for checking monotonicity against unimodality is derived allowing to discriminate between a simple increasing pattern and an up-then-down response pattern. A comparison with the widely used joinpoint regression technique under unimodality is provided. We show that the joinpoint technique could fail when the underlying function is not piecewise linear. Results will be illustrated using age-speci c breast cancer mortality data from Spain in the period 1975-2005.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación grant (MTM2012-37129)Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation project MTM 2011-22664Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación and FEDER grant MTM2014-51992-RHealth Department of Navarre Government (Project 113, Res. 2186/2014

Checking unimodality using isotonic regression: an application to breast cancer mortality rates

checking unimodality using isotonic regression: an application to breast cancer mortality rates

unimodal exists. breast sharply nineties decreased. unimodal necessarily applicable country. check unimodality persists restricted inference. break dence intervals provided. checking monotonicity unimodality allowing discriminate pattern. widely joinpoint unimodality provided. joinpoint fail piecewise linear. illustrated speci breast spain .ministerio ciencia innovación spanish ministry innovation ministerio ciencia innovación feder rhealth navarre res.

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81998913

10.1016/j.mib.2016.07.004

A central aim of synthetic biology is to build organisms that can perform useful activities in response to specified conditions. The digital computing paradigm which has proved so successful in electrical engineering is being mapped to synthetic biological systems to allow them to make such decisions. However, stochastic molecular processes have graded input-output functions, thus, bioengineers must select those with desirable characteristics and refine their transfer functions to build logic gates with digital-like switching behaviour. Recent efforts in genome mining and the development of programmable RNA-based switches, especially CRISPRi, have greatly increased the number of parts available to synthetic biologists. Improvements to the digital characteristics of these parts are required to enable robust predictable design of deeply layered logic circuits

Recognizing and engineering digital-like logic gates and switches in gene regulatory networks

recognizing and engineering digital-like logic gates and switches in gene regulatory networks

synthetic build organisms specified conditions. digital paradigm proved successful electrical mapped synthetic decisions. stochastic graded bioengineers select desirable refine build logic gates digital switching behaviour. efforts mining programmable switches crispri greatly synthetic biologists. improvements digital enable robust predictable deeply layered logic circuits

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84138863

10.1007/s11948-015-9746-x

Abstract\ud \ud This paper presents an experience in developing professional ethics by an approach that integrates knowledge, teaching methodologies and assessment coherently. It has been implemented for students in both the Software Engineering and Computer Engineering degree programs of the Technical University of Madrid, in which professional ethics is studied as a part of a required course. Our contribution of this paper is a model for formative assessment that clarifies the learning goals, enhances the results, simplifies the scoring and can be replicated in other contexts. A quasi-experimental study that involves many of the students of the required course has been developed. To test the effectiveness of the teaching process, the analysis of ethical dilemmas and the use of deontological codes have been integrated, and a scoring rubric has been designed. Currently, this model is also being used to develop skills related to social responsibility and sustainability for undergraduate and postgraduate students of diverse academic context

Strategies for teaching professional ethics to IT engineering degree students and evaluating the result

strategies for teaching professional ethics to it engineering degree students and evaluating the result

presents professional ethics integrates teaching methodologies coherently. implemented programs madrid professional ethics course. formative clarifies goals enhances simplifies scoring replicated contexts. quasi involves developed. effectiveness teaching ethical dilemmas deontological codes scoring rubric designed. skills responsibility sustainability undergraduate postgraduate diverse academic

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85001750

10.1016/j.carbon.2017.05.098

A new carbon-nitrogen organic semiconductor has been synthesized by pyrolysis of uric acid. This layered carbon-nitrogen material contains imidazole-, pyridine (naphthyridine)- and graphitic-like nitrogen, as evinced by infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies. Quantum chemistry calculations support that it would consist of a 2D polymeric material held together by hydrogen bonds. Layers are stacked with an interplanar distance between 3.30 and 3.36 Å, as in graphite and coke. Terahertz spectroscopy shows a behavior similar to that of amorphous carbons, such as coke, with non-interacting layers. This material features substantial differences from polymeric carbon nitride, with some characteristics closer to those of nitrogen-doped graphene, in spite of its higher nitrogen content. The direct optical band gap, dependent on the polycondensation temperature, ranges from 2.10 to 2.32 eV. Although in general the degree of crystallinity is low, the material synthesized at 600 °C is composed of globular hollow particles, in which spots with a certain degree of crystallinity can be found.Junta de Castilla y León Grant VA089U1

Nitrogen-carbon graphite-like semiconductor synthesized from uric acid

nitrogen-carbon graphite-like semiconductor synthesized from uric acid

nitrogen semiconductor synthesized pyrolysis uric acid. layered nitrogen imidazole pyridine naphthyridine graphitic nitrogen evinced infrared photoelectron spectroscopies. consist polymeric held bonds. stacked interplanar graphite coke. terahertz spectroscopy amorphous carbons coke interacting layers. substantial polymeric nitride closer nitrogen doped graphene spite nitrogen content. polycondensation ranges crystallinity synthesized composed globular hollow spots crystallinity found.junta castilla león

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95354335

10.1007/s00726-017-2402-9

Cationic peptides proved fundamental importance as pharmaceutical agents and/or drug carrier moieties functioning in cellular processes. The comparison of the in vitro activity of these peptides is an experimental challenge and a combination of different methods, such as cytotoxicity, internalisation rate, haemolytic and antibacterial effect, is necessary. At the same time, several issues need to be addressed as the assay conditions have a great influence on the measured biological effects and the experimental setup needs to be optimised. Therefore, critical comparison of results from different assays using representative examples of cell penetrating and antimicrobial peptides was performed and optimal test conditions were suggested. Our main goal was to identify carrier peptides for drug delivery systems of antimicrobial drug candidates. Based on the results of internalisation, haemolytic, cytotoxic and antibacterial activity assays, a classification of cationic peptides is advocated. We found eight promising carrier peptides with good penetration ability of which Penetratin, Tat, Buforin and Dhvar4 peptides showed low adverse haemolytic effect. Penetratin, Transportan, Dhvar4 and the hybrid CM15 peptide had the most potent antibacterial activity on Streptococcus pneumoniae (MIC lower than 1.2 μM) and Transportan was effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis as well. The most selective peptide was the Penetratin, where the effective antimicrobial concentration on pneumococcus was more than 250 times lower than the HC50 value. Therefore, these peptides and their analogues will be further investigated as drug delivery systems for antimicrobial agents

Comparative analysis of internalisation, haemolytic, cytotoxic and antibacterial effect of membrane-active cationic peptides: aspects of experimental setup

comparative analysis of internalisation, haemolytic, cytotoxic and antibacterial effect of membrane-active cationic peptides: aspects of experimental setup

cationic peptides proved pharmaceutical carrier moieties functioning processes. peptides challenge cytotoxicity internalisation haemolytic antibacterial necessary. addressed great setup optimised. assays penetrating antimicrobial peptides suggested. goal carrier peptides delivery antimicrobial candidates. internalisation haemolytic cytotoxic antibacterial assays cationic peptides advocated. eight promising carrier peptides penetration penetratin buforin dhvar peptides adverse haemolytic effect. penetratin transportan dhvar hybrid potent antibacterial streptococcus pneumoniae transportan mycobacterium tuberculosis well. selective penetratin antimicrobial pneumococcus value. peptides analogues delivery antimicrobial

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11036734

10.1007/s10775-007-9116-6

This conceptual paper introduces the Theory of Dialogical Self to the career development literature. The life themes component of the Theory of Career Construction is the focus of application for dialogical self. It is proposed that the notion of dialogical self may contribute to understanding how individuals construct the career-related life themes. Dialogical self is thus presented as a promising theoretical construct to augment the explanatory capacity of the Theory of Career Construction and the constructivist, narrative approach to career theory in general. Implications for career counselling are presented

Dialogical self: author and narrator of career life themes

dialogical self: author and narrator of career life themes

conceptual introduces dialogical career literature. themes career dialogical self. notion dialogical career themes. dialogical promising augment explanatory career constructivist narrative career general. career counselling

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11308803

10.1007/978-3-540-92892-8_11

In this paper, we propose a new low complexity video compression method based on detecting blocks containing moving edges us- ing only DCT coe±cients. The detection, whilst being very e±cient, also allows e±cient motion estimation by constraining the search process to moving macro-blocks only. The encoders PSNR is degraded by 2dB com- pared to H.264/AVC inter for such scenarios, whilst requiring only 5% of the execution time. The computational complexity of our approach is comparable to that of the DISCOVER codec which is the state of the art low complexity distributed video coding. The proposed method ¯nds blocks with moving edge blocks and processes only selected blocks. The approach is particularly suited to surveillance type scenarios with a static camera

Low complexity video compression using moving edge detection based on DCT coefficients

low complexity video compression using moving edge detection based on dct coefficients

propose video compression detecting blocks moving coe±cients. whilst e±cient e±cient constraining moving macro blocks only. encoders psnr degraded pared scenarios whilst requiring execution time. comparable discover codec video coding. ¯nds blocks moving blocks blocks. suited surveillance scenarios camera

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11309267

10.1007/11751540_65

This study focuses on trying to understand why the range\ud of experience with respect to HIV infection is so diverse, especially as regards to the latency period. The challenge is to determine what assumptions can be made about the nature of the experience of antigenic invasion and diversity that can be modelled, tested and argued plausibly.\ud To investigate this, an agent-based approach is used to extract high-level behaviour which cannot be described analytically from the set of interaction rules at the cellular level. A prototype model encompasses local variation in baseline properties contributing to the individual disease experience and is included in a network which mimics the chain of lymphatic nodes. Dealing with massively multi-agent systems requires major computational efforts. However, parallelisation methods are a natural\ud consequence and advantage of the multi-agent approach. These are implemented using the MPI library

An agent-based approach to immune modelling

an agent-based approach to immune modelling

focuses trying diverse regards latency period. challenge assumptions antigenic invasion diversity modelled argued plausibly. agent extract analytically level. prototype encompasses contributing mimics lymphatic nodes. dealing massively agent efforts. parallelisation advantage agent approach. implemented library

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11873876

10.1007/s00348-004-0807-1

This paper describes the implementation of a13; novel technique called Background Oriented Schlieren that13; can produce quantitative visualization of density in a flow.13; This technique uses only a digital still camera, a structured13; background, and inverse tomographic algorithms which13; can extract two-dimensional slices from a three-dimensional13; flow. This has been applied to obtain the density13; field for an axisymmetric supersonic flow over a conecylinder13; model. Comparisons with cone tables show13; excellent agreement

Density measurements using the Background Oriented13; Schlieren technique

density measurements using the background oriented13; schlieren technique

describes oriented schlieren visualization flow. digital camera structured tomographic extract slices flow. axisymmetric supersonic conecylinder model. comparisons cone tables excellent

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11874260

10.1049/ip-cta:19960195

In the paper, analysis of stabilised output-error methods (SOEMs) for parameter estimation of unstable aircraft is presented. These methods overcome the numerical difficulties encountered in parameter estimation of unstable systems by utilising measured states. The methods, along with the output error method and the equation error method, are briefly described for the sake of comparison. However, the main idea of the paper is to present asymptotic analysis of the SOEM. The results of application of SOEMs to simulated data of an unstable/augmented aircraft are presente

Analysis of stabilised output error methods

analysis of stabilised output error methods

stabilised soems unstable aircraft presented. overcome difficulties encountered unstable utilising states. briefly sake comparison. asymptotic soem. soems unstable augmented aircraft presente

exact_dup

11991962

10.1016/j.surfcoat.2007.12.007

Laser Shock Processing (LSP) is based on the application of a high intensity pulsed Laser beam (IN1 GW/cm2; τb50 ns) on a metallic target forcing a sudden vaporization of its surface into a high temperature and density plasma that immediately develops inducing a shock wave propagating into the material. The main acknowledged advantages of LSP consist on its capability of inducing a relatively deep compression residual stresses field into metallic alloy pieces allowing an improved mechanical behavior, explicitly, the life improvement of the treated specimens against wear, crack growth and stress corrosion cracking. Due to these specific advantages, Laser Shock Processing is considered as a competitive alternative technology to classical treatments for improving fatigue, corrosion cracking and wear resistance of metallic materials, and is being developed as a practical process amenable to production technology. In this paper, a model based systematization of process optimization criteria and a practical assessment on the real possibilities of the technique is presented along with practical results at laboratory scale on the application of LSP to characteristic high elastic limit metallic alloys, showing the induced residual stresses fields and the corresponding results on mechanical properties improvement induced by the treatment. The homogeneity of the residual stress fields distribution following the laser treatment spatial density will be specially analyzed

Model based optimization criteria for the generation of deep compressive residual stress fields in high elastic limit metallic alloys by ns-laser shock processing

model based optimization criteria for the generation of deep compressive residual stress fields in high elastic limit metallic alloys by ns-laser shock processing

shock pulsed metallic forcing sudden vaporization immediately develops inducing shock propagating material. acknowledged advantages consist capability inducing compression residual stresses metallic alloy pieces allowing explicitly specimens wear crack corrosion cracking. advantages shock competitive treatments improving fatigue corrosion cracking wear metallic practical amenable technology. systematization practical possibilities practical elastic metallic alloys residual stresses treatment. homogeneity residual specially

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11992264

10.1088/1742-6596/112/3/032042

From preliminary results[1] of neutron fluxes and energy spectra obtained for the vacuum vessel of the Fast Ignition Fusion Reactor KOYO-F, the distribution of Primary Knock-on Atoms (PKA), necessary to quantify defect production, has been calculated. In the presence of He these defects could induce swelling through nucleation of voids and bubbles. Kinetic Monte Carlo models are being developed to predict the evolution of these defects in different metals. As a first study we have focused on He in Ni, since there are systematic experimental results available

He production and induced swelling in KOYO-F

he production and induced swelling in koyo-f

preliminary neutron fluxes vessel ignition fusion reactor koyo knock quantify defect calculated. defects induce swelling nucleation voids bubbles. monte carlo predict defects metals. focused

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11994064

10.1016/S0169-1368(01)00037-3

Masa Valverde is a blind, volcanic-hosted massive sulphide deposit recently discovered in the Spanish sector of the\ud Iberian Pyrite Belt (IPB). The deposit is more than 1 km long and is located at depths between 400 and 850 m, in direct\ud spatial association with a residual gravimetric anomaly. The ore body is concealed beneath Culm sedimentary rocks which\ud cover the westem extension of a Hercynian age anticline, a few kilometers west of an area where older massive sulphide\ud workings existed. The Masa Valverde deposit consists of two main ore bodies composed dominantly of massive and banded\ud pyrite which are hosted by a volcano-sedimentary sequence made up of felsic tuffs interlayered with shale, siliceous exhalite\ud and radiolarian chert. The abundance of sedimentary host rocks to the deposit is a feature shared by other large massive\ud sulphide deposits in the eastem sector of the IPB and is interpreted as significant with respect to the origin of the deposit (a\ud break in volcanic activity). The thickness of the upper massive sulphide orebody varies between a few meters and 70 m, and\ud it consists of lenses and blankets of massive sulphides with interbedded tuff and shale and occasionally stockwork zones.\ud The lower orebody is smaller and thinner than the upper one, but this may be due to incomplete drilling. Two types of\ud stockwork occur beneath the massive sulphide bodies, the more common type consists of irregular and anastomosing\ud sulphide veinlets and irregular blebs formed by replacement. Stockwork with cross-cutting, generally straight-sided, sulphide\ud veins is, by contrast, suggestive of formation by hydraulic fracturing. The mineralogy and alteration processes of the ore and\ud host rocks at Masa Valverde are analogous to those of other IPB massive sulphides

Mineralogy and geochemistry of the Masa Valverde blind massive sulphide deposit, Iberian Pyrite Belt (Spain)

mineralogy and geochemistry of the masa valverde blind massive sulphide deposit, iberian pyrite belt (spain)

masa valverde blind volcanic hosted massive sulphide deposit discovered spanish iberian pyrite belt deposit depths residual gravimetric anomaly. concealed beneath culm sedimentary rocks cover westem hercynian anticline kilometers west older massive sulphide workings existed. masa valverde deposit bodies composed dominantly massive banded pyrite hosted volcano sedimentary felsic tuffs interlayered shale siliceous exhalite radiolarian chert. abundance sedimentary rocks deposit shared massive sulphide deposits eastem interpreted deposit break volcanic massive sulphide orebody varies meters lenses blankets massive sulphides interbedded tuff shale occasionally stockwork zones. orebody thinner incomplete drilling. stockwork beneath massive sulphide bodies irregular anastomosing sulphide veinlets irregular blebs replacement. stockwork cutting straight sided sulphide veins suggestive hydraulic fracturing. mineralogy alteration rocks masa valverde analogous massive sulphides

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11995680

10.1016/j.elspec.2010.07.003

Low-energy photoelectron–vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) photon coincidences have been measured using synchrotron radiation excitation in the inner-valence region of the nitric oxide molecule. The capabilities of the coincidence set-up were demonstrated by detecting the 2s−1 → 2p−1 radiative transitions in coincidence with the 2s photoelectron emission in Ne. In NO, the observed coincidence events are attributed to dissociative photoionization with excitation, whereby photoelectron emission is followed by fragmentation of excited NO+ ions into O+ + N* or N+ + O* and VUV emission from an excited neutral fragment. The highest coincidence rate occurs with the opening of ionization channels which are due to correlation satellites of the 3σ photoionization. The decay time of VUV photon emission was also measured, implying that specific excited states of N atoms contribute significantly to observed VUV emission

Dissociative photoionization of the NO molecule studied by photoelectron-photon coincidence technique

dissociative photoionization of the no molecule studied by photoelectron-photon coincidence technique

photoelectron–vacuum ultraviolet coincidences synchrotron valence nitric oxide molecule. capabilities coincidence detecting radiative coincidence photoelectron coincidence attributed dissociative photoionization whereby photoelectron fragmentation excited excited neutral fragment. coincidence opening ionization satellites photoionization. implying excited

exact_dup

11996698

10.1007/s10973-010-0816-7

This research is part of a European project (namely, CODICE project), main objective of which is modelling, at a multi-scale, the evolution of the mechanical performance of non-degraded and degraded cementitious matrices. For that, a series of experiments were planned with pure synthetic tri-calcium silicate (C3S) and bi-calcium silicate (C2S) (main components of the Portland cement clinker) to obtain different calcium–silicate–hydrate (C–S–H) gel structures during their hydration. The characterization of those C–S–H gels and matrices will provide experimental parameters for the validation of the multi-scale modelling scheme proposed. In this article, a quantitative method, based on thermal analyses, has been used for the determination of the chemical composition of the C–S–H gel together with the degree of hydration and quantitative evolution of all the components of the pastes. Besides, the microstructure and type of silicate tetrahedron and mean chain length (MCL) were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and 29Si magic-angle-spinning (MAS) NMR, respectively. The main results showed that the chemical compositions for the C–S–H gels have a CaO/SiO2 M ratio almost constant of 1.7 for both C3S and C2S compounds. Small differences were found in the gel water content: the H2O/SiO2 M ratio ranged from 2.9 ± 0.2 to 2.6 ± 0.2 for the C3S (decrease) and from 2.4 ± 0.2 to 3.2 ± 0.2 for the C2S (increase). The MCL values of the C–S–H gels, determined from 29Si MAS NMR, were 3.5 and 4 silicate tetrahedron, for the hydrated C3S and C2S, respectively, remaining almost constant at all hydration periods

Quantitative study of hydration of C3S and C2S by thermal analysis. Evolution and composition of C-S-H gels formed

quantitative study of hydration of c3s and c2s by thermal analysis. evolution and composition of c-s-h gels formed

codice degraded degraded cementitious matrices. planned synthetic calcium silicate calcium silicate portland cement clinker calcium–silicate–hydrate c–s–h hydration. c–s–h gels validation proposed. c–s–h hydration pastes. besides microstructure silicate tetrahedron scanning microscopy magic spinning respectively. compositions c–s–h gels compounds. ranged c–s–h gels silicate tetrahedron hydrated hydration

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11999419

10.1016/j.foreco.2011.06.022

Nuts are heavy and nutritious seeds that need animals to be successfully dispersed. Most studies address nut removal by a single animal species once seeds fall onto the ground. However, nuts are also accessible before the seed drop and usually to a wide guild of seed foragers. This study examines the factorscontrollingarborealseedremoval in oak–beechforests within the whole guild of nut foragers. We found that seed-dispersing rodents (Apodemus sylvaticus) were the main acorn removers in the oaks (up to 3.75 m height), with a rapid seed encounter and a high removal rate. However, rodents did not climb the beech trees, probably due to their smoother bark in comparison to oak bark and/or the lower nutritional value of beechnuts with regard to acorns. Jays (Garrulus glandarius) were more abundant in oak stands (both dense and scattered) and clearly preferred acorns to beechnuts whereas nuthatches (Sitta europaea) were more abundant in beech stands and preferred beechnuts to acorns. Non-storing birds such as great tits (Parus major) also removed acorns and beechnuts, especially in the stands where oaks are dominant. Jays and rodents preferred sound seeds over insect-infested seeds but such a preference was not found for nuthatches. This study highlights that pure beech stands showed a reduced guild of arboreal nut foragers in comparison to oak stands. This different guild could probably affect the spatial patterns of seed dispersal, with a proportionally higher number of long dispersal events for acorns (mostly jay-dispersed) than for beechnuts (mostly nuthatch-dispersed). Long-distance dispersal of beechnuts (by jays) is determined by the presence of other preferred species (oaks) and their frequency of non-mast years. Seed location in different habitats strongly determines the contribution of different arboreal removers (including climbing rodents) and their removal speed, leading to a differential seed fate that will eventually affect tree regeneration. As nuthatches are sedentary birds, it is important to maintain old and dead trees where they can breed (crevices), forage (arthropods) and store seeds in order to favor beechnut dispersal and gene flow. By maintaining or favoring oak trees within beech stands we will ensure a wider guild of arboreal nut dispersers

Flying vs. climbing: Factors controlling arboreal seed removal in oak-beech forests

flying vs. climbing: factors controlling arboreal seed removal in oak-beech forests

nuts nutritious seeds successfully dispersed. removal seeds fall ground. nuts accessible seed drop guild seed foragers. examines factorscontrollingarborealseedremoval oak–beechforests guild foragers. seed dispersing rodents apodemus sylvaticus acorn removers oaks seed encounter removal rate. rodents climb beech trees probably smoother bark bark nutritional beechnuts regard acorns. jays garrulus glandarius abundant stands dense scattered preferred acorns beechnuts nuthatches sitta europaea abundant beech stands preferred beechnuts acorns. storing birds great tits parus removed acorns beechnuts stands oaks dominant. jays rodents preferred sound seeds insect infested seeds preference nuthatches. highlights beech stands guild arboreal foragers stands. guild probably seed dispersal proportionally dispersal acorns mostly dispersed beechnuts mostly nuthatch dispersed dispersal beechnuts jays preferred oaks mast years. seed habitats determines arboreal removers climbing rodents removal seed fate eventually regeneration. nuthatches sedentary birds maintain dead trees breed crevices forage arthropods store seeds favor beechnut dispersal flow. maintaining favoring trees beech stands ensure wider guild arboreal dispersers

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12029698

10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2012.02.008

Is the paradise of effortless communication the ideal environment for knowledge creation? Or, can the development of local culture in regions raise knowledge productivity compared to a single region with a unitary culture? In other words, can a real technological increase in the cost of collaboration and the cost of public knowledge flow between regions, resulting in cultural differentiation between regions, increase welfare? In our framework, a culture is a set of ideas held exclusively by residents of a location. In general in our model, the equilibrium path generates separate cultures in different regions. When we compare this to the situation where all workers are resident in one region, R & D workers become too homogeneous and there is only one culture. As a result, equilibrium productivity in the creation of new knowledge is lower relative to the situation when there are multiple cultures and workers are more diverse.

Culture and diversity in knowledge creation

culture and diversity in knowledge creation

paradise effortless ideal creation raise productivity unitary technological cultural welfare ideas held exclusively residents location. generates cultures regions. workers resident workers homogeneous culture. productivity creation cultures workers diverse.

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143692736

10.1063/1.4811696

In a context of the rising use of composite assemblies in aeronautic or defense fields, the assessment of their strength is a key issue. The method developed in this study attempts to provide solutions. A shock adhesion test based on short compressive loads, obtained by a high pulsed power generator, is proposed as a proof test to ensure the quality of composite bonded assemblies. A calibrated load induces a local tensile stress able to damage the bond interface. The high pulsed power source is the GEnerateur de Pression Isentropique device (Isentropic Pressure Generator), used to generate the required stresses, with a 450 ns pulse duration to test assemblies above the mm thickness range. The understanding of the mechanisms of wave propagation and tensile stress generation within these multilayer assemblies are scientific challenges. The ability of the technique to induce a tensile stress able to disbond the laminates and the assemblies is demonstrated. This paper details the response of carbon epoxy laminates and their bonded assemblies to a shock loading near the damage threshold

Shock adhesion test for composite bonded assembly using a high pulsed power generator

shock adhesion test for composite bonded assembly using a high pulsed power generator

rising composite assemblies aeronautic defense issue. attempts solutions. shock adhesion compressive loads pulsed generator ensure composite bonded assemblies. calibrated induces tensile bond interface. pulsed generateur pression isentropique isentropic generator stresses assemblies range. propagation tensile multilayer assemblies challenges. induce tensile disbond laminates assemblies demonstrated. epoxy laminates bonded assemblies shock loading

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143692769

10.1002/app.38925

Several carbon-black filled styrene-butadiene rubbers are subjected to monotonic uniaxial tension tests in order to investi-gate the effects of the amount of fillers and of the crosslink density on their mechanical properties. The Young modulus, the volume changes associated with material damage and the stretch to failure are extracted and discussed. Results compare well to the literature results when exist and quantitative analysis are proposed when possible. Results show that filled rubbers are not incompressible when submitted to uniaxial tension tests and their volume changes are strongly dependent of the amount of fillers but are unaffected by the crosslink density. The latter shows strong impact on the filled rubbers stretch to failure but more interestingly this impact is com-parable to what is encountered in unfilled rubbers. The stretch to failure is improved by the addition of fillers with an optimum for material filled around 30 phr

Effects of the Amount of Fillers and of the Crosslink Density on the Mechanical Behavior of Carbon-Black Filled Styrene Butadiene Rubbers

effects of the amount of fillers and of the crosslink density on the mechanical behavior of carbon-black filled styrene butadiene rubbers

filled styrene butadiene rubbers subjected monotonic uniaxial tension investi gate fillers crosslink properties. modulus stretch discussed. possible. filled rubbers incompressible submitted uniaxial tension fillers unaffected crosslink density. filled rubbers stretch interestingly parable encountered unfilled rubbers. stretch fillers optimum filled

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143692775

10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2013.04.012

The literature on oxidation kinetics of polyamides and model compounds has been reviewed in order to try to extract suitable information for non-empirical kinetic modeling. Polyamide characteristics are systematically compared to polyolefin ones, these latter being more extensively studied. From kinetic analysis point of view, it is shown that oxidation attacks predominantly a amino methylenes of which C eH bond is considerably weaker than the other methylenes. As a result, propagation by H abstraction is considerably faster in polyamides than in polyethylene for instance. Termination by radical combination is also very fast. Another cause of PA oxidizability is the instability of a amino hydroperoxides linked to the inductive effect of nitrogen. This instability is responsible for many key features of oxidation kinetics especially the absence of induction period. The main stable oxidation products are imides resulting from disproportionation processes meanwhile chain scissions resulting from rearrangements of a amino alkyls by b-scission are also significant process although their yield appears lower than in polyolefins

Review : Auto-oxidation of aliphatic polyamides

review : auto-oxidation of aliphatic polyamides

oxidation kinetics polyamides reviewed extract modeling. polyamide systematically polyolefin extensively studied. oxidation attacks predominantly methylenes bond considerably weaker methylenes. propagation abstraction considerably faster polyamides polyethylene instance. termination radical fast. oxidizability instability hydroperoxides inductive nitrogen. instability oxidation kinetics period. oxidation imides disproportionation meanwhile scissions rearrangements alkyls scission polyolefins

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143693796

10.1016/j.engfracmech.2009.05.001

Arts et Métiers ParisTech, invitation en tant que professeur invité de Paul C. Paris au LAMEFIPCrack stability is discussed as affected by their presence in statically-indeterminate beams, frames, rings, etc. loaded into the plastic range. The stability of a crack in a section, which has become plastic, is analyzed with the remainder of the structure elastic and with subsequent additional plastic hinges occurring. The reduction of energy absorption characteristics for large deformations is also discussed. The methods of elastic–plastic tearing instability are incorporated to show that in many cases the fully plastic collapse mechanism must occur for complete failure.The authors acknowledge Arts et Metiers Paris Tech and Foundation Arts et Metiers for the financial support of the Prof. P.C. Paris’ stay at LAMEFIP in 2008 and 2009. The encouragement of Prof. Ivan Iordanoff, Director of LAMEFIP, is also acknowledged with thanks

The behavior of statically-indeterminate structural members and frames with cracks present

the behavior of statically-indeterminate structural members and frames with cracks present

arts métiers paristech invitation tant professeur invité paul paris lamefipcrack statically indeterminate beams frames rings etc. loaded plastic range. crack plastic remainder elastic plastic hinges occurring. deformations discussed. elastic–plastic tearing instability incorporated plastic collapse failure.the acknowledge arts metiers paris tech foundation arts metiers prof. p.c. paris’ stay lamefip encouragement prof. ivan iordanoff director lamefip acknowledged thanks

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144013152

10.1002/iroh.200610916

We compared fire exposed with normal abscised eucalyptus leaves incubated in a stream running through eucalyptus plantations in central Portugal, in terms of breakdown rates, microbial activity, diversity and macroinvertebrate abundance. Although leaves exposed to fire had lower nutritional value, mass loss was similar for both leaf types (k = 0.0089-0.0095 d-1 for fire and k = 0.0084-0.00103 d-1 for normal leaves). Fungal biomass was similar among treatments, whereas sporulation and microbial respiration were lower in fire exposed leaves. Both leaf types had similar aquatic hyphomycetes communities. Physical fragmentation was important in fire exposed leaves breakdown. Invertebrates colonized leaves in low numbers in both treatments. Alteration of leaf litter quality determined by fires in streams does not seem to determine changes in ecosystem functioning in a short term. (© 2007 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/iroh.20061091

Decomposition of Fire Exposed Eucalyptus Leaves in a Portuguese Lowland Stream

decomposition of fire exposed eucalyptus leaves in a portuguese lowland stream

fire exposed abscised eucalyptus leaves incubated stream running eucalyptus plantations portugal breakdown microbial diversity macroinvertebrate abundance. leaves exposed fire nutritional leaf fire leaves fungal biomass treatments sporulation microbial respiration fire exposed leaves. leaf aquatic hyphomycetes communities. fragmentation fire exposed leaves breakdown. invertebrates colonized leaves treatments. alteration leaf litter fires streams seem ecosystem functioning term. wiley verlag gmbh kgaa weinheim iroh.

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144013857

10.1007/s10750-007-0682-x

Abstract The spatial, temporal and tidal dynamics of the zooplanktonic community of the Mondego estuary was studied from January 2003 to 2004. The monthly sampling procedure included the measurement of hydrological parameters (salinity, temperature, Secchi transparency, chlorophyll a and nutrients) and the collection of zooplankton with a Bongo net of 335 µm mesh size. Zooplankton composition, distribution, density, biomass and diversity were determined. The principal component analysis (PCA) revealed the existence of a spatial gradient with the upstream sampling stations, associated to high values of nutrients, in opposition to the downstream stations characterized by higher salinity and transparency values. The Copepoda was the main dominant group and Acartia tonsa revealed to be the more abundant taxon. The spatial and temporal dynamics of zooplanktonic communities analysed by non-metric MDS showed the existence of four assemblages of species-sites, reflecting differences in zooplankton composition between both branches of the estuary. The results suggest that abundance, biomass and diversity of the zooplanktonic community are strongly influenced by the hydrological circulation pattern and by direct or indirect human impacts that occur in each branch. The northern branch is dominated by the river flow suffering from regular dredging activities and the southern branch is dominated by tidal circulation suffering from an ongoing eutrophication process.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-007-0682-

Zooplankton distribution and dynamics in a temperate shallow estuary

zooplankton distribution and dynamics in a temperate shallow estuary

tidal zooplanktonic mondego estuary monthly hydrological salinity secchi transparency chlorophyll nutrients zooplankton bongo mesh size. zooplankton biomass diversity determined. principal upstream stations nutrients opposition downstream stations salinity transparency values. copepoda acartia tonsa abundant taxon. zooplanktonic communities analysed assemblages reflecting zooplankton branches estuary. abundance biomass diversity zooplanktonic influenced hydrological circulation indirect impacts branch. northern branch dominated river suffering dredging southern branch dominated tidal circulation suffering ongoing eutrophication process.

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144013869

10.1007/s10750-005-1114-4

The objective of the present work was to study the effect of plants common in temperate latitudes (Zostera noltii, Spartina maritima and Scirpus maritimus) on sediment nutrient profiles, and to compare it to sand- and mud-flats without vegetation. The study focused on the organic matter contents, the concentration of dissolved inorganic nutrients (PO4–P, NH3–N, NO3–N), an on the estimation of the total amount of these nutrients during day and night conditions and their potential net-fluxes. It was also hypothesised that in an estuarine system, different plants may have specific effects, and consequently different contributions to the system nutrient dynamics as a whole. Sediment profiles of loss on ignition (LOI) showed an increase of the organic matter contents from sand-flat, to Zostera, Spartina, mud-flat and Scirpus. Statistically, there were significant differences between sediment profiles of phosphate, ammonia and nitrate (Mann-Whitney test, pScirpus salt marsh reaches the maximum density and biomass, and despite the higher organic matter contents in the plant covered sediment, Scirpus acts as a sink of nutrients. In contrast, the top 10 cm of the sediment in the Spartina salt marsh and in the Zostera beds may contribute to the efflux of nutrients during the night period, especially phosphate.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-005-1114-

The Effect of Zostera noltii, Spartina maritima and Scirpus maritimus on Sediment Pore-water Profiles in a Temperate Intertidal Estuary

the effect of zostera noltii, spartina maritima and scirpus maritimus on sediment pore-water profiles in a temperate intertidal estuary

temperate latitudes zostera noltii spartina maritima scirpus maritimus sediment nutrient sand flats vegetation. focused contents dissolved inorganic nutrients nutrients night fluxes. hypothesised estuarine nutrient whole. sediment ignition contents sand zostera spartina scirpus. statistically sediment phosphate ammonia nitrate mann whitney pscirpus salt marsh reaches biomass contents covered sediment scirpus acts sink nutrients. sediment spartina salt marsh zostera beds efflux nutrients night phosphate.

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144014077

10.1007/s10589-007-9017-0

Abstract In this paper an eigenvalue complementarity problem (EiCP) is studied, which finds its origins in the solution of a contact problem in mechanics. The EiCP is shown to be equivalent to a Nonlinear Complementarity Problem, a Mathematical Programming Problem with Complementarity Constraints and a Global Optimization Problem. A finite Reformulation–Linearization Technique (Rlt)-based tree search algorithm is introduced for processing the EiCP via the lattermost of these formulations. Computational experience is included to highlight the efficacy of the above formulations and corresponding techniques for the solution of the EiCP.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10589-007-9017-

The eigenvalue complementarity problem

the eigenvalue complementarity problem

eigenvalue complementarity eicp finds origins mechanics. eicp complementarity mathematical programming complementarity problem. reformulation–linearization eicp lattermost formulations. highlight efficacy formulations eicp.

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147426618

10.1007/s10856-013-5086-z

Bone cement containing alumina particles with a specific crystalline structure exhibits the ability to bond with bone. These particles (AL-P) are mainly composed of delta-type alumina (δ-Al2O3). It is likely that some of the proteins present in the body environment are adsorbed onto the cement and influence the expression of its bioactivity. However, the effect that this adsorption of proteins has on the bone-bonding mechanism of bone cement has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we investigated the characteristics of the adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA) onto AL-P and compared them with those of its adsorption onto hydroxyapatite (HA), which also exhibits bone-bonding ability, as well as with those of adsorption onto alpha-type alumina (α-Al2O3), which does not bond with bone. The adsorption characteristics of BSA onto AL-P were very different from those onto α-Al2O3 but quite similar to those onto HA. It is speculated that BSA is adsorbed onto AL-P and HA by interionic interactions, while it is adsorbed onto α-Al2O3 by electrostatic attraction. The results suggest that the specific adsorption of albumin onto implant materials might play a role in the expression of the bone-bonding abilities of the materials

Adsorption characteristics of bovine serum albumin onto alumina with a specific crystalline structure

adsorption characteristics of bovine serum albumin onto alumina with a specific crystalline structure

cement alumina crystalline exhibits bond bone. composed delta alumina adsorbed cement bioactivity. adsorption bonding cement elucidated. adsorption bovine albumin adsorption hydroxyapatite exhibits bonding adsorption alpha alumina bond bone. adsorption speculated adsorbed interionic adsorbed electrostatic attraction. adsorption albumin implant bonding abilities

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147608755

10.1063/1.4886144

In this work the resonance hairpin probe technique has been used for detection of photoelectrons generated during photodetachment experiments performed to determine negative ion density in an inductively coupled oxygen plasma. An investigation of the temporal development of the photoelectron population was recorded with the hairpin probe located inside the laser beam region and at various points outside the beam. Varying the external microwave frequency used to drive the probe resonator allowed the local increase in electron density resulting from photoelectrons to be determined. At a fixed probe frequency, we observed two resonance peaks in the photodetachment signal as the photoelectron density evolved as a function of time. Inside the laser beam the resonance peaks were asymmetric, the first peak rising sharply as compared with the second peak. Outside the laser beam region the peaks were symmetric. As the external frequency was tuned the resonance peaks merge at the maximum electron density. The resonance peak corresponding to maximum density outside the beam occurs at a delay of typically 1–2 µs as compared with the centre of the beam allowing an estimate of the negative ion velocity. Using this method, negative ion densities were measured under a range of operating conditions inside and outside the beam

Using the resonance hairpin probe and pulsed photodetachment technique as a diagnostic for negative ions in oxygen plasma

using the resonance hairpin probe and pulsed photodetachment technique as a diagnostic for negative ions in oxygen plasma

hairpin photoelectrons photodetachment inductively plasma. photoelectron hairpin beam. microwave drive resonator photoelectrons determined. photodetachment photoelectron evolved time. asymmetric rising sharply peak. symmetric. tuned merge density. delay allowing velocity. densities operating

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148653656

10.1016/j.ijhydene.2008.06.002

In this paper, a physical model for a distributed generation (DG) system with power quality improvement capability is presented. The generating system consists of a 5 kW PEM fuel cell, a natural gas reformer, hydrogen storage bottles and a bank of ultra-capacitors. Additional power quality functions are implemented with a vector-controlled electronic converter for regulating the injected power. The capabilities of the system were experimentally tested on a scaled electrical network. It is composed of different lines, built with linear inductances and resistances, and taking into account both linear and non-linear loads. The ability to improve power quality was tested by means of different voltage and frequency perturbations produced on the physical model electrical network

Distributed generation system with PEM fuel cell for electrical power quality improvement

distributed generation system with pem fuel cell for electrical power quality improvement

capability presented. generating fuel reformer storage bottles bank ultra capacitors. implemented converter regulating injected power. capabilities experimentally scaled electrical network. composed built inductances resistances loads. perturbations electrical

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148656844

10.1103/PhysRevB.82.014402

The quasistationary and transient (nanosecond) regimes of nonlinear vortex dynamics in a soft magnetic dot driven by an oscillating external field are studied. We derive a nonlinear dynamical system of equations for the vortex core position and phase, assuming that the main source of nonlinearity comes from the magnetostatic energy. In the stationary regime, we demonstrate the occurrence of a fold-over bifurcation and calculate analytically the resonant nonlinear vortex frequencies as a function of the amplitude and frequency of the applied driving field. In the transient regime, we show that the vortex core dynamics are described by an oscillating trajectory radius. The resulting dynamics contain multiple frequencies with amplitude decaying in time. Finally, we evaluate the ranges of the system parameters leading to a vortex core instability (core polarization reversal)

Nonlinear gyrotropic vortex dynamics in ferromagnetic dots

nonlinear gyrotropic vortex dynamics in ferromagnetic dots

quasistationary transient nanosecond regimes vortex oscillating studied. derive vortex nonlinearity comes magnetostatic energy. stationary occurrence bifurcation analytically resonant vortex driving field. transient vortex oscillating trajectory radius. decaying time. ranges vortex instability reversal

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148657903

10.1016/j.solmat.2009.10.011

The impact of the use of new (solar grade) silicon feedstock materials on the manufacturing cost of wafer-based crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules is analyzed considering effects of material cost, efficiency of utilisation, and quality. Calculations based on data provided by European industry partners are presented for a baseline manufacturing technology and for four advanced wafer silicon technologies which may be ready for industrial implementation in the near future. Iso-cost curves show the technology parameter combinations that yield a constant total module cost for varying feedstock cost, silicon utilisation, and cell efficiency. A large variation of feedstock cost for different production processes, from near semiconductor grade Si (30 €/kg) to upgraded metallurgical grade Si (10 €/kg), changes the cost of crystalline silicon modules by 11% for present module technologies or by 7% for advanced technologies, if the cell efficiency can be maintained. However, this cost advantage is completely lost if cell efficiency is reduced, due to quality degradation, by an absolute 1.7% for present module technology or by an absolute 1.3% for advanced technologies

The Impact of Silicon Feedstock on the PV Module Cost

the impact of silicon feedstock on the pv module cost

grade silicon feedstock manufacturing wafer crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules utilisation quality. partners manufacturing advanced wafer silicon technologies ready industrial future. combinations module feedstock silicon utilisation efficiency. feedstock semiconductor grade upgraded metallurgical grade crystalline silicon modules module technologies advanced technologies maintained. advantage lost degradation module advanced technologies

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148659725

10.1007/s11042-011-0905-z

Many efforts have been made in the area of multimedia to bridge the socalled “semantic-gap” with the implementation of ontologies from 2001 to the present. In this paper, we provide a comparative study of the most well-known ontologies related to multimedia aspects. This comparative study has been done based on a framework proposed in this paper and called FRAMECOMMON. This framework takes into account process-oriented dimension, such as the methodological one, and outcome-oriented dimensions, like multimedia aspects, understandability, and evaluation criteria. Finally, we derive some conclusions concerning this one decade state-of-art in multimedia ontologies

The landscape of multimedia ontologies in the last decade

the landscape of multimedia ontologies in the last decade

efforts multimedia bridge socalled “semantic gap” ontologies present. comparative ontologies multimedia aspects. comparative framecommon. oriented methodological oriented multimedia understandability criteria. derive concerning decade multimedia ontologies

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