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arrest warrants were issued in the name of ashok bose, kansari haldar and many others. they had to go under- ground. ashok, however, kept up his contact with the base areas of tebhaga movement, moving from place to place under the guise of names like ‘bidyut’, ‘nikunj’. there was terrible repression in chandanpiri and nearby areas, particularly on women. ashok bose was the first accused in kakdwip conspiracy case, the second one being the famous kansari haldar. ashok went underground under the name of ‘prakash roy’. proceedings were started against gajen mali, manik hajra and others, 26 in all, and were also sent underground. once ashok bose was caught by police in budakhali village in kakdwip, put in shackles, his body bound with ropes and prepared to be shot. people including women surrounded and snatched him away from police. ‘shishu telangana’ was established in the sundarbans in 1949–50 with lalganj as the centre.
"btr line" and its negative impact on tebhaga btr line of 1948 forced tebhaga struggle to resort to arms. volunteers had to take up traditional arms to resist police, as they lacked modern weapons. armed struggle took place in delta area of bay of bengal in kakdwip, mathurapur, jainagar, sandesh khali, hasnabad and other places, but failed, as reality was in conflict with the party line. path of armed struggle led to havoc and destruction of the movement. under pc joshi, tebhaga was following a successful mass line. besides ashok bose and kansari haldar, hemanta ghosal, rashbehari ghosh, manik hazra, abdul razzak khan and others were the leading figures. police with modern arms beat down tebhaga struggle with repeated attacks on volunteers. there were firings in donga jora and other places. 13 criminal cases were lodged by police against ashok bose, with government of west bengal announcing a reward of rs 50,000 to capture him, dead or alive. down with t. b.
, ashok was shifted by party to rajnandgaon in madhya pradesh (now in chhattisgarh). he was arrested for 6 months in 1948 and lodged in alipur central jail. on release he went underground in the sundarbans. ashok bose appears as "prakash roy" in madhya pradesh ashok bose came to rajnandgaon along with his wife madhavi devi and son amit of 2 years age, in june 1952. he was now ‘prakash roy’, so much so that even today, very few know his real name. they lived in a labour colony, running a study center for some 40 bidi workers. madhavi was a trained nurse. they together worked among bidi workers’ families, organizing them under red flag. workers’ families sustained prakash's family. prakash explained his wretched financial condition in a meeting of workers. they, particularly the women, decided to supply food grains, pulse, vegetable, oil etc. every week to his family. this went on for full four years. on occasions they even had to go hungry.
rajnandgaon being a big bidi centre, thousands of workers worked under ‘ghar-khata’ system under merchants. majority of workers were women. prakash and madhavi led many memorable struggles. prakash roy organized motor vehicle drivers and also bnc mill workers under red flag. in an incident, he lay before a truck, whose driver apologized for keeping the engine running with the intention of running over him. intellectuals like professor gajanand madhav muktibodh, freedom fighter kanhaiya lal agrawal, dr. nandulal chotiya, ramesh yagnik, advocate atal bihari dubey, journalist sharad kothari and others gathered around prakash roy. party became a strong political force in rajnandgaon. in dalli-rajhara bhilai steel plant and its captive iron ore mines at dalli-rajhara, situated near rajnandgaon, had come up by then. gen- eral secretary of aituc s. a. dange sent prakash roy to organise mining workers under aituc.
prakash's colleagues included bajirao shende, arjun shyamkar, ganesh ram yadav, mahadev bomble, nasim alam naqvi and a few others. prakash roy organized 15,000 manual contract workers. 3000 regular employees also got enrolled in the new union registered in 1960 with the name samyukta khadan mazdur sangh (skms). branches of union were opened in coal, lime stone, dolomite mines and also at bailadila and bacheli iron ore mines in bastar under nmdc. senior tu trade union leaders like s. k. sanyal (nagpur), s. d. mukherjee and p. k. thakur (jabalpur), krishna modi (balaghat) and sudhir mukherjee (raipur) helped work in dalli - rajhara and elsewhere. prakash also met cr bakshi, who as student had been arrested during tebhaga and sentenced for one and a half years. prakash roy initiated labour co-operatives at dalli-rajhara, nandini lime stone mines and hirri dolomite mines. ten thousand local workers under contractors were regularized as bsp employees.
all this while, prakash roy did not disclose his past background. on december 7, 1961, cpi delegation of sa dange, bhupesh gupta, ems, ajoy ghosh and sohan singh bhakna met prime minister jawaharlal nehru with a memorandum demanding withdrawal of cases against prakash roy and others. large number of prisoners were released in various states on august 15, 1962. warrant against ashok bose alias prakash roy was withdrawn by west bengal government. cpi put up prakash roy as a candidate for parliamentary election from rajnandgaon constituency. he polled more than 40 thousand votes. in cpi leadership prakash roy was elected to national council of cpi in 1971 (cochin, 9th congress), and also in the tenth congress, vijayawada, 1975. when indira gandhi government attacked workers’ rights during emergency, prakash roy gave a call for strike by workers in bsp mines and in bhilai steel plant. prakash roy worked hard to build party in madhya pradesh along with state secretary l. s.
khandkar, homi daji, shakir ali khan, balkrishna gupta and p. k. thakur. prakash organized regional kisan sabha conference at rajnandgaon, and also regional tu school. ill health and brain hemorrhage prevented prakash roy from active work, yet he continued to participate in mass activities. revisiting tebhaga areas prakash, madhavi and son amit visited kakdwip, chandanpiri and other places in 1973. they were warmly welcomed by villagers in large numbers. madhavi roy died on december 3, 1975. prakash roy's health deteriorated further. even then, he attended bhatinda congress of cpi in 1978 and actively took part in the debates. he also attended the 12th party congress at benaras. prakash roy wrote a brief autobiography after his wife's death. he attended a meeting in september 1983 against a decision of state government to divide the forest division. despite illness, prakash roy went to address the public meeting called by the political parties. while speaking, he suffered massive heart attack.
he was rushed to hospital, and died next day on september 3, 1983, at the age of 61. paulo josé lisboa (1967 – february 4, 2022), known as the chain maniac (portuguese: maníaco da corrente), was a brazilian serial killer who was convicted of killing eleven prostitutes in são paulo and espírito santo from 1980 to 2000, with the latter killings occurring while he was a fugitive. convicted and sentenced to 9 years imprisonment for the latter crimes, he was released in 2017 and left on supervision until his death. crimes lisboa, then a pharmaceutical salesman, committed his first crimes in the city of são josé do rio preto between the 1980s and 1990s, where he was convicted of killing five people and beating up six others, for which he was given 18 years imprisonment. after serving only a part of his sentence, he managed to escape from the franco da rocha psychiatric prison in 1998 and fled to espírito santo, from where he intended to move to bahia.
however, lisboa fell in love with a local woman whom he later married and had two children with, eventually settling in the state. this did not deter him from committing crimes, and during this time, he is known to have committed six further murders and two attempted murders in the greater vitória region. his modus operandi was to arrange meetings with prostitutes, who were either young women or transvestites, whom he would assault as soon as they arrived on the scene using either a knife or latch, strangling his victims with the latter. however, as he usually used a chain to ultimately kill his victims, he became known by the pseudonym 'the chain maniac'. while little is publicly known about his victims' identities, two of them were identified as 15-year-old aline melo, stabbed 47 times on christmas day in 1987, as well as a transvestite named paulo constantino, who went by the name "paulinha".
arrest, trial and sentencing after being on the run for 10 years, lisboa was arrested in vitória on september 16, 2008. he admitted full responsibility for the crimes, explaining how he killed his victims, claiming that he had picked on prostitutes because they were "easy targets. " a psychiatric examination conducted on lisboa concluded that he was a "social psychopath". following his conviction in 2011, justice daniel peçanha moreira sentenced him to ten years imprisonment in a closed-regime prison. lisboa served from 2008 to 2017, when he paroled under supervision. death after his release from prison, lisboa remarried and moved to guarapari, where he avoided interacting with his neighbors. his decomposing corpse was found at the couple's home on february 4, 2022, by his wife, who had just returned home from visiting some relatives in vila velha. so far, coroners have been unable to establish a cause of death.
mohsen azarbad (; born 12 november 1989) is an iranian professional footballer who plays as a winger for persian gulf pro league club mes rafsanjan. references external links 1989 births living people sportspeople from tehran iranian footballers association football wingers f. c. aboomoslem players sanat naft abadan f. c. players pas hamedan f. c. players naft masjed soleyman f. c. crown & carter realty, established in 1922 as a gridiron plan was designed by architects crown & carter in 1922. it extends from mulund station to panch rasta 550 acers. see also sotheby's international realty christie's real estate jll references https://timesofindia. indiatimes. com/readersblog/jbl7/the-historic-facts-about-mulund-city-28553/ https://www. dnaindia. com/mumbai/report-mulund-makeover-from-plain-jane-to-mall-town-1001147 https://navimumbaihouses. com/blog/news/mulund-historical-details-about-mulund-which-you-should-remember/ https://www. mid-day.
constantin giurescu (born 16 august 1981) is a romanian football manager who is currently under contract with liga i side academica clinceni. giurescu is known in romania especially for his contribution in the youth sector as the founder, manager and vice-president of sport team bucharest academy. gunin is an upcoming bangladeshi drama film directed by giasuddin selim. he also wrote the screenplay, based on hasan azizul huq's short story of the same name. the film stars pori moni, sariful razz, dilara zaman, iresh zaker, mostofa monwar, and azad abul kalam. it is produced and distributed by chorki. premise gunin is set in a rural area of 50 years ago. it is the story of a farmer from a village where paranormal activities were cast out at a dan located outside the village. cast pori moni as rabeya sariful razz as ramiz iresh zaker mostofa monwar azad abul kalam dilara zaman production nusraat faria was set to play the character rabeya in the film.
but later, she left the film due to a schedule conflict, and pori moni replaced her. principal photography took place in brahmanbaria and manikganj. filming began on 10 october 2021. and the director wrapped up the shooting on 30 october 2021. release gunin will have a theatrical release, followed by a digital streaming release on chorki. pleitrange (luxembourgish: plaitreng) is a rural hamlet and farm in the commune of contern in luxembourg. it is often also called pleitangerhaff, or pleitranger hof. it is elevated approximately 295 metres above sea level. pleitrange is located on a hill, some water flows down from pleitrange to the syre, but most water flows to the houlbech and the bauschbaach. . there are 2 areas of buildings that make up pleitrange. one is on the main road between oetrange and bous. the speed limit on the road is reduced from 90km/h to 70km/h when entering the town. pleitrange is also the junction between this road and a small trail appropriately named rue de pleitrange.
running south this trail runs to moutfort eventually hitting the e29 main road. northbound it goes to the actual farm in pleitrange and passes a small pond which is the source of the bauschbaach. the road ends shortly after the farm. south of pleitrange the road splits in twain with another train going to another part of moutfort. constantin giurescu may refer to: constantin giurescu (historian) (1875–1918), romanian historian, titular member of the romanian academy constantin c. the voice kids is a polish reality music talent show for aspiring singers aged 8 to 14, airing on tvp 2. the fifth season premiered on february 26, 2022. tomson & baron, dawid kwiatkowski and cleo will return as the coaches. tomasz kammel returned as host, alongside ida nowakowska-herndon.
coaches teams colour key blind auditions color key episode 1 (february 26, 2022) episode 2 (february 26, 2022) episode 3 (march 5, 2022) episode 4 (march 5, 2022) episode 5 (march 12, 2022) episode 6 (march 12, 2022) episode 7 (march 19, 2022) episode 8 (march 19, 2022) episode 9 (march 26, 2022) episode 10 (march 26, 2022) the battle rounds color key episode 11: team cleo (april 2, 2022) sing offs episode 12: team dawid (april 9, 2022) sing offs episode 13: team tomson & baron (april 16, 2022) sing offs episode 14 finale color key round 1 (april 23, 2021) each contestant performed a duet with their judge. round 2 (april 23, 2021) each contestant performed a cover and their original song. this is the first edition of the tournament. this is the first edition of the tournament. this is a list of nascar drivers that have raced in one of its national or touring series who are african americans.
many of these drivers have previously been or are currently members of nascar's drive for diversity program. current drivers all statistics in this table are as of february 28, 2022. the 2022 guanajuato open is a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. it is the fourteenth edition of the tournament which is part of the 2022 itf women's world tennis tour. it takes place in irapuato, mexico between 7 and 13 march 2022. singles main draw entrants seeds 1 rankings are as of 28 february 2022. other entrants the following players received wildcards into the singles main draw: the following players received entry from the qualifying draw: champions singles tbd vs. tbd doubles tbd / tbd vs. tbd / tbd references external links 2022 guanajuato open at itftennis. paul cantor (1945–2022) was an american literary and media critic. paul kantor may refer to: paul kantor (musician) (born 1955), american violin teacher paul b.
bruce hornbrook sage (–) was a chemical engineer who taught chemical engineering at the california institute of technology from 1931 to 1974. sage received his bachelor's degree at new mexico state college in 1929 and his master of science degree in 1931 and doctor of philosophy degree in 1934 at caltech, all in chemical engineering. he worked on the design of tactical missiles at eaton canyon during world war ii before joining the naval ordnance test station near inyokern, california, as associate director of engineering and head of the explosives department in 1945. in 1950, he was named senior consultant to the technical director there. he also served as a technical advisor to aerojet general from 1950 to 1969. in 1948, sage was awarded the medal for merit by president harry s. truman. at the convention of the american chemical society held in atlantic city, new jersey, sage was given the precision scientific co.
award of 1,000 () on , to "recognize, encourage, and stimulate research achievement in the field of petroleum chemistry in united states and canada. " he received 1,000 awards again in 1963 () and in 1968 (), this time for "distinguished service to his country in the design and development of solid-propellant rockets and for his research contributions to basic chemistry. " the society of petroleum engineers named sage as the winner of the annual aime anthony f. lucas gold medal on in new york city; the citation read: on in new york city, the american rocket society presented sage with their clarence n. hickman award for his work with propellants in jet propulsion. at the invitation of the academy of sciences of the soviet union, sage visited russia for two weeks in the summer of 1958 to discuss differences in the field of steam research. in 1959, he received the william h. walker award for excellence in contributions to chemical engineering literature from the american institute of chemical engineers.
in 1968, the union oil company of california donated 250,000 () to caltech for two chemical engineering fellowships: one to be named for bruce sage, the other for his long-time collaborator, william n. lacey. the 2022 european mixed team judo championships will be held in mulhouse, france, on 15 october 2022. the telephone call between hassan rouhani and barack obama was a 15-minute telephone conversation that took place on september 27, 2013, during hassan rouhani's first visit to new york, at john f. kennedy international airport in new york city. this historic call received positive and negative reactions as it was the first telephone call since the two countries severed ties in 1979. hundreds of international news agencies and newspapers headlined their news coverage by telephone calls from barack obama and hassan rouhani.
six years later, rouhani re-defended the move, saying: event description in the final hours of friday, september 27, 2013, while hassan rouhani and the iranian delegation participating in the 68th general assembly of the united nations were about to return to iran from john f. kennedy airport, hassan rouhani for the first time in history of the islamic republic of iran spoke directly to us president barack obama by telephone while sitting in a limousine heading to the airport, the phone call mostly emphasizing the political will of the two sides to resolve the iranian nuclear issue quickly and setting the stage for resolving other issues and cooperating on regional issues. the news of this phone call quickly became the first news of the international media and it was referred to as a historical event. in the conversation, rouhani ended the call by saying, "have a nice day! " and obama responded by saying "thank you. khodahafez (goodbye).
" this phone call, because it was the first telephone conversation of the president of iran with the president of the united states and was considered as the first verbal contact of senior officials of the islamic republic of iran with senior us officials, was strongly reflected in the media inside and outside iran. who dialed? the tehran today newspaper wrote that rouhani considered the talks to be held at the request of the american side. however, the american side also said that it had requested a dialogue from iran. hassan rouhani says: there was some promises between our minister of foreign affairs and the united states' secretary of state about that on friday, when i wanted to come iran, mr. obama would call and have a brief phone conversation with us, which we finally encountered at the moment of departure, and they called our minister's cell phone. this happened when i wanted to leave the hotel and we talked on the phone for a few minutes.
rouhani and obama's remarks regarding the issues raised in this telephone conversation, the president of iran said that the discussion i had with obama was mainly the nuclear issue. i said that "this issue is not only the right of the iranian people but also a part of the national pride of the iranian". he continued: regarding the p5 + 1, i said that "with the opportunity created by the iranian nation, this opportunity should be used and expedited in this matter", so the president of the united states said: "i instruct the secretary of state to expedite this matter;" our main focus was to move faster on the nuclear issue. after the call, barack obama said on a television program: "just now, i spoke on the phone with president rouhani. our conversation was about the current actions and efforts to reach an agreement on iran's nuclear program. hassan rouhani said that in this regard, "i spoke with mr. obama on the phone, and this relationship between the two nations can be the beginning of a long way ahead.
of course, not all our problems with the west can be solved by a phone call or a meeting. from the very first letter that mr. obama wrote to me after the presidential election and congratulated me on the election, and other issues that he raised in the letter, and according to this phone call, it is quite clear that the viewpoint has changed. obama told me on the phone that we have a lot of problems inside and you have a lot of problems inside iran, so we have to think about how to overcome these problems. " hassan rouhani stressed that obama also said on the phone that "you both emphasized in your speech that you are not looking for nuclear weapons and that the supreme leader of iran also said that the production of weapons is forbidden by islamic law (fatwa), so the way is open to achieve results, but our nations should know that foreign policy issues are not a smooth path ahead. rather, we have a difficult road ahead of us, and the problems of eight or ten years cannot be solved in ten days.
" rouhani said about this phone call: "in my opinion, on the issue of iran and the united states, we have a lot of problems, and i told mr. obama on this phone that there has been a very dark atmosphere between iran and the united states for the past 35 years, and our nation were opposed to us actions on various occasions. it is not a problem that can be solved in the short term, and he replied that i also said that it can not be solved on one night and we need time. iran's internal reactions affirmative after hassan rouhani returned to iran when he was in mehrabad airport, some of his supporters demonstrated and chanted affirmative slogans. he was also greeted by some government officials at mehrabad airport. a group that went to greet mr. rouhani also sacrificed lamb for him and chanted slogans in support of the iranian delegation.
the greeters held purple placards stating that the president's trip to the united states was a success, chanting "thank you rouhani," "greetings, rouhani," and "yes to you, not to war. " mohammad javad zarif, foreign minister of iran: while emphasizing that the phone call was made by us officials, he wrote on his facebook page on september 29, 2013, that the americans called "five, six times" to prepare the ground for this phone conversation. hamid reza tabatabai naeini, deputy chairman of the judiciary and legal commission of the islamic consultative assembly: the action of the protesters is "disruption of national unity and a clear example of betrayal. " ahmad reza dastgheib, a member of the national security and foreign policy committee of the islamic consultative assembly, stated that the president had made the "necessary arrangements" for talks with mr. obama. "there is no doubt that the white house has made the phone call," he said.
mohammad taqi rahbar, friday prayer imam of isfahan: "death to america is not a verse of the quran that should always be recited. we treat the united states the same way we treated the russians in those days and slogans are no longer necessary. " he added: "these problems must be resolved with political smiles so that the united states also reduce its sanctions against the iranian people. " alaeddin boroujerdi, chairman of the national security committee of the islamic consultative assembly: "if mr. rouhani accepted the proposal of the us president, it was because he would not tarnish the united states prestige anymore. " etemad newspaper wrote in an interview with sadegh zibakalam: "today, no matter how much the supporters of enmity with the united states want to stop the relationship, they can not. it's like a damp wall. no matter how much they block it with plaster and cement, they still can not revive it.
it is no longer worth saying death to america and burning the american flag by large sections of the educated and elite of the country. " ali akbar nategh-nouri: "in the matter of the telephone conversation between the two presidents, it is not the case that the principles and values of the revolution have been violated or disrupted. however, this was a request from us side. why do those who oppose this move, not point out that during the trip, the repeated requests of the us president to meet with rouhani were rejected by iran and the media wrote that this issue has humiliated obama? ali larijani, speaker of the islamic consultative assembly: in a joint meeting with hassan rouhani, he thanked him for his stances, speeches, and authoritative presence, as well as his meetings and talks during his trip to new york.
mohammad ali jafari, commander-in-chief of the islamic revolutionary guard corps: welcomed rouhani positions in new york, calling them "appropriate and authoritative," but said the phone call "should have been postponed until after practical us action. " negative after hassan rouhani returned to iran when he was in the mehrabad airport, about 100 opponents of mr. rouhani's positions and negotiations who were member of the student basij gathered at the airport, protesting and chanting slogans against rouhani. during the demonstration, one of the protesters threw a shoe at mr. rouhani's car. kayhan newspaper: in the strongest reactions in this regard, kayhan newspaper called the conversation between the presidents of the two countries "the most unfortunate" part of mr. rouhani's trip to new york. on september 29, 2013, the newspaper devoted its first headline to an article entitled "we gave cash points, we took credit promises," which strongly criticized some of hassan rouhani's positions in new york.
hossein shariatmadari, managing editor of kayhan newspaper: in an editorial (september 29, 2013), he asked the members of the government of hassan rouhani to explain "what did they give and what did they receive during their trip to new york and in their interaction with the united states and its allies? " emphasizing that "expecting an economic mutation from negotiations and relations with the united states is extremely naive", shariatmadari wrote the united states, did not give "any concessions" in response to the "appeasement and concessions" offered by the iranian delegation and "takes this appeasement and tolerance as islamic republic's compulsion and need. " elsewhere in the editorial, according to the us national security adviser, susan rice sayings about that the iranian side had asked us officials to give obama a phone call with rouhani, shariatmadari stated "if mr. rouhani requested the conversation, does not attributing it to the americans contradict the slogan of the government of the truthful?
" hamid rasaee, a conservative member of islamic consultative assembly, said that the phone conversation was considered by foreign media to be "the surrender of islamic iran and the weakness and compulsion caused by the pressure of sanctions. " he also said, "the events of the last minutes of your (hassan rouhani) trip revived the bitter memory of the negotiations leading to the joint comprehensive plan of action, while we hoped that given the recent statements of the revolutionary leadership, you would not forget what evil creature you are softening against. mr. rouhani, you really turn the win-lose situation of this trip in favor of islamic iran into a win-win situation for both sides at the last moment. the website of rajanews, which is affiliated with the front of islamic revolution stability, echoed hamid rasaee's speeches, mocking hassan rouhani's remarks about pursuing a "win-win" game with the west over the nuclear issue, as well as using the phrase "have a nice day" in english - which mr.
rouhani is said to have uttered at the end of his conversation with barack obama. islamic associations of independent students of iran: in a statement, it praised mr. rouhani for his "active diplomacy" and criticized the meeting between the iranian and us foreign ministers at the p5 + 1 meeting and the telephone calls of the iranian and us presidents. in a part of the statement of these students, referring to the recent statements of the leader of the islamic republic about the permissibility of "heroic appeasement" in the field of diplomacy, it is stated: "heroic flexibility and appeasement never means deviating from the principles and ideals. " hossein salami, the commander-in-chief of the islamic revolutionary guard corps, said the americans wanted to compensate their humiliation with a telephone conversation that, if it had not happened, would then iran's authority in the united nations stay intact.
other opinions the supreme leader of the islamic republic of iran, ali khamenei, in a military ceremony on october 5, 2013, in his first speech after hassan rouhani's return from new york, emphasized: "we support the mobilization of government diplomacy, including the new york trip, because we trust and are optimistic about the serving government, but some of what happened during the new york trip was wrong, because we find the us government untrustworthy, arrogant, irrational and unfaithful. we trust our officials and we ask them to take firm steps carefully and with consideration from all sides, and not to forget the national interests. " referring to the islamic regime's pessimism and distrust of the united states, khamenei called the us government a government in the hands of the zionists and added: "the us government is actually moving in the interests of the zionists and extorting from the whole world and paying a ransom to the zionist regime.
" javan newspaper wrote: "obama's attempt to inform the zionist regime, or in other words to persuade tel aviv to contact iran directly, was evident in a statement issued by the white house immediately after his telephone call. the us president said in a statement after talks with the iranian president that his administration would work closely with israel as it seeks to work with iran. however, the daily beast reports that congress opposes obama's direct talks with rouhani, the majority of whom are republicans. " reactions outside iran abdullah gül, president of turkey, from a phone call from the new president of iran; hassan rouhani and barack obama expressed satisfaction. he added: "i hope this contact will be a good start in the relations between the two countries. " abdullah gül also said that he had always encouraged such talks. hürriyet newspaper also called this phone conversation a historic event.
the newspaper also described the phone call as the highest level of contact between the two countries since 1979 (the severance of us-iranian relations). khaleej times website: this news site quoted iranian media as saying that hundreds of iranians celebrated hassan rouhani's return from new york with joy and happiness. the happiness was mostly due to hassan rouhani's historic phone call with barack obama. the website added that a small number of people shouted death to america and threw eggs and shoes at the official car of the president who was leaving the mehrabad airport. the wall street journal: the wall street journal newspaper wrote that the 15-minute telephone conversation between rouhani and obama, the first of its kind in more than 30 years, was solely about iran's nuclear program.
the new york times: the new york times said that hassan rouhani, by preferring phone calls to face-to-face meetings, avoided creating a politically problematic image of himself with obama that would provoke extremist concerns in iran. they established the first dialogue between iran and the united states after 1979. los angeles times: the los angeles times wrote that after the phone conversation between rouhani and obama, both of them faced pressure and criticism in their country. the media added that hassan rouhani in tehran was met with encouragement of the proponents and also opponents who threw eggs at him. in the united states, too, congress reacted quietly and cautiously as a diplomatic response.
mercury news: the san jose mercury news wrote that conservatives in iran have taken two approaches to the event, alaeddin boroujerdi, chairman of the house national security and foreign policy committee of the islamic consultative assembly, saying the two presidents' phone call was a signal to washington acknowledging iran's power. but some more fanatical conservatives have described the united states as an unchangeable and unshakable enemy. al-quds al-arabi: the jam news website quoted al-quds al-arabi as saying that rouhani agreed to the phone call to protect obama's reputation. haaretz newspaper: haaretz wrote that obama briefed israeli officials before the telephone conversation with rouhani. cnn: obama and rouhani: dialogue is better than war. the guardian: obama made historic contact with rouhani, pointing to the lifting of sanctions. reuters: rouhani and obama's historic call. al arabiya: for the first time in the last 34 years: the us president called his iranian counterpart.
see also iran–united states relations academic relations between iran and the united states embassy of the united states of america in tabriz mahmoud ahmadinejad's letter to george w. ștefan vellescu (december 24, 1838–october 2, 1899) was a romanian stage actor and drama teacher. born in craiova, he ran away from school at age 16, joining the local troupe of costache mihăileanu. removed thence by his family and sent to continue his education in bucharest, he again fled shortly afterward, appearing in minor theatrical roles. he then joined matei millo’s troupe at sala bossel. four years later, vellescu entered elena theodorini’s company at craiova, earning plaudits in roles from caterina howard (errico petrella), la dame aux camélias (alexandre dumas fils), othello (william shakespeare) and les filles de marbre (théodore barrière), as well as playing the lead in alfred de vigny’s chatterton.
vellescu then returned to bucharest, subsequently moving to iași, where he played in don césar de bazan (jules massenet) and the barber of seville (pierre beaumarchais). briefly stopping in bucharest again, he played the title role in v. a. urechia’s vornicul bucioc. in 1867, sent by urechia, he left for paris, studying drama under françois-joseph regnier. three years later, he returned to the stage, distinguishing himself in le supplice d'une femme (dumas fils), king john (shakespeare) and le gamin de paris (jean-françois bayard), the latter in 1877. in 1873, vellescu was named professor of declamation at the bucharest conservatory, where his students included grigore manolescu, constantin i. nottara and ion brezeanu. among his publications are istoria artei dra­matice in revista românească and curs de declamațiune in revista literară, as well as criticism.
he wrote several dramas and comedies that appeared at the national theatre bucharest, where he was assistant director: lăpușneanul, banul craiovei, prea târziu, mincinosul (in which aristizza romanescu played), blond sau brun and hagi-bina. he authored several poems and short stories, including “din florești”, “moș tudor” and “schițe din viața contimporană”. he served on the bucharest city council and, from 1890 to 1895, was employed by the vital records division. subbarao panigrahi (1933 ― 23 december 1969) was a telugu revolutionary poet and leader of srikakulam peasant uprising. career panigrahi was born in 1933 in a poor odia brahmin family at sompeta of srikakulam district in andhra pradesh. initially, he worked as a priest in a local temple. panigrahi wrote a number of songs, poems and dramas like kalachakra, vimukti, kumkumrekha, rikshawalla and mrigajaal. he participated in naxalbari uprising and joined the communist party of india (marxist-leninist).
in 1969, subbarao served the secretary of the sompeta area committee of the party and also took charges to mobilised the people of uddan and paralakhemundi area. he organised the peasant movement in srikakulam and northern andhra with two prominent naxal leaders vempatapu satyanarayana and adibhatla kailasam. panigrahi played a vital role in cultural wing of the party to form people's war in rural andhra pradesh. on 23 december 1969, he was killed in a police encounter near andhra-odisha border. popular culture it is reported that telugu action drama film acharya is set on the uprising led by panigrahi. the olkaria vi geothermal power station, also known as the olkaria vi geothermal power plant, is a power station under construction in kenya, with an electric capacity of 140 megawatts. the plant will be developed under a public private partnership (ppp) model, where the state-owned kenya electricity generating company (kengen) will co-own the power station with a strategic partner.
location the power station would be located in the olkaria area, in hell's gate national park, in nakuru county, approximately , by road, northwest of the city of nairobi, the capital of kenya. olkaria vi would sit adjacent to olkaria ii geothermal power station. overview the olkaria vi power station is designed to generate 140 mw, to be sold directly to kenya power and lighting company (kenyapower), for integration into the kenyan grid. about from the site of olkaria vi, lies a 220kv substation, where the output from this power station will be directed for evacuation. kengen has drilled and tested steam holes and prepared the site where the power station will be built. when a strategic partner is identified and selected, an ad hoc special purpose vehicle (spv) company will be formed, with kengen owning 25 percent of the spv. developers in may 2020, kengen concluded the first bidding round for the selection of the strategic partner.
four companies and one consortium were selected to proceed to the second round of bidding. the five entities are listed in the table below. notes: the engie/toyota consortium comprises (a) engie energy services of the united kingdom (b) toyota tsusho corporation of japan (c) kyuden international corporation and (d) dl koisagat tea estate. operations the plan calls for the strategic partner to own, finance, build, operate and maintain the power station for the duration of the ppp contract. at the end of that contract, ownership would revert to kengen. during the contract period, kengen would be responsible for supplying the steam required to run the power station. see also list of power stations in kenya geothermal power in kenya olkaria i geothermal power station olkaria ii geothermal power station olkaria iii geothermal power station olkaria iv geothermal power station olkaria v geothermal power station references external links how kenya is harnessing the immense heat from the earth as of 4 march 2021.
since you went away is a 1944 american film directed by john cromwell. since you went away may also refer to: "since you went away", a song by the monkees from the album pool it! pomaderris helianthemifolia is a species of flowering plant in the family rhamnaceae and is endemic to south-eastern continental australia. it is a bushy shrub with hairy young stems, narrowly elliptic to lance-shaped leaves with the narrower end towards the base, and small panicles of hairy yellowish flowers. description pomaderris helianthemifolia is a bushy shrub that typically grows to a height of , its stems covered with greyish to rust-coloured, star-shaped hairs. the leaves are narrowly elliptic to lance-shaped or oblong, long and wide with stipules long at the base but that fall off as the leaf develops. the upper surface of the leaves glabrous and the lower surface is densely covered with soft, greyish, star-shaped hairs. the flowers are borne in panicles of about twenty to fifty and are yellowish.
the sepals are long but fall of as the flowers mature and there are no petals. taxonomy this species was first formally described in 1858 by siegfried reissek who gave it the name trymalium helianthemifolium in linnaea: ein journal für die botanik in ihrem ganzen umfange, oder beiträge zur pflanzenkunde, from specimens collected by ferdinand von mueller in "gipps land". in 1951, norman arthur wakefield changed the name to pomaderris helianthemifolia in the victorian naturalist. in 1997, neville grant walsh and f. coates described two subspecies in the journal muelleria, and the names and those of the autonym are accepted by the australian plant census: pomaderris helianthemifolia (reissek) n. a. wakef. subsp. helianthemifolia (the autonym); pomaderris helianthemifolia subsp. hispida n. g. walsh & coates has leaves long with stiff bristles or hairs on the upper surface; pomaderris helianthemifolia subsp. minor n. g. walsh & coates has leaves long with stiff bristles or hairs on the upper surface.
distribution and habitat this pomaderris usually grows on the banks of rocky streams. subspecies helianthemifolia is only known from two restricted areas in gippsland, in the maffra-briagolong area and near the genoa river. subspecies hispida is widespread, but not common in a few locations in new south wales and in north-eastern victoria and subspecies minor is found in north-eastern victoria, but no longer occurs near bendigo. alina eduardivna gorlova (; b. 1992) is a ukrainian filmmaker, director, and screenwriter, specialising in documentaries. she was inducted into the ukrainian film academy in 2017 and was named as an in 2021. education gorlova studied at the kyiv national i. k. karpenko-kary theatre, cinema and television university from 2008 to 2012.
filmography 2016: 2017: , documentary, co-directed with iryna tsilyk and svetlana lishchynska 2018: no obvious signs, documentary (with score by ) 2020: this rain will never stop, documentary references external links living people 1992 births people from zaporizhzhia ukrainian women film directors ukrainian documentary film directors ukrainian screenwriters kyiv national i. k. the 1963 small club world cup was the seventh edition of the small club world cup, a tournament held in venezuela between 1952 and 1957, and in 1963 and in 1965. it was played by three participants in double round robin format, and featured players like evaristo, hilderaldo bellini, cecilio martinez, custódio pinto, francisco gento and ferenc puskás.
the following is an incomplete list of articles related to the city of kohima, nagaland, sorted in alphabetical order: 0–9 1986 killing of kekuojalie sachü and vikhozo yhoshü 1995 kohima massacre a agri farm ward air fm tragopan alder college b baptist college, kohima battle of kohima battle of the tennis court bayavü hill ward c capi (newspaper) d daklane ward d. jordon hall is an australian professional footballer who plays as a defender for melbourne city whom he signed with in 2020. he previously played for green gully. hip hop culture in malawi is relatively young. notable rappers who were early on the scene include criminal a, bantu clan, real elements, dynamike, dominant 1, knight of the round table, and wisdom chitedze. the scene started to gain traction in the late 90s and expanded further in the early 2000s when cheap computers and recording gear became widely available to artists.
the launch of television malawi in 1999 provided a platform for rappers to have their music videos beamed to a national audience. the music video to wisdom chitedze's song tipewe was on regular rotation on the station in its early days. in the early to mid-2000s artists such as nospa g, m krazy, david kalilani, and gosple helped push the music further. a lot of malawi's early hip hop music contained social commentary, religious, and introspective themes. by the late 2000s the scene had picked up further with artists such as barry one, basement, mandela mwanza aka third eye, hyphen, fredokiss, and tay grin gaining notoriety. tay grin's music video for the song stand up was featured considerably on channel o. he was not the first malawian rapper to get his song on that station; that accolade goes to the real elements. however, tay grin's got much more airplay. in 2009, phyzix released his debut studio album the lone ranger lp which contained the hit singles cholapitsa and gamba.
around the same time, christian rap started to gain popularity and that movement was spearheaded by manyanda nyasulu, dj kali, kbg, double zee, liwu, c-scripture, asodzi, erasto, suffix, and sintha. some of the producers who helped pioneer the sound of malawian hip hop include dominant 1, dynamike, maj beats, the dare devils, kond1, keith justus wako, qabaniso malewezi, tapps, dizzo, sonye, kas mdoka and rebel musiq. djs such as dr gwynz and kenny klips also helped push the music on radio. they hosted a show called the hip hop drill which involved playing rap music and a phone-in rap competition whereby rappers called in and competed to spit the best bars. other rappers of note that helped push the music forward include gwamba, martse, genetix, l planet, king's rifles, sage poet, and episodz. grigory borisovich yudin, also known as greg yudin, is a russian political scientist and sociologist. yudin is an expert in public opinion and polling in russia.
he is columnist for the newspaper vedomosti and the online magazine republic, as well as the website proekt. he has also written for open democracy. life yudin gained his ba and ma in sociology at the higher school of economics, moscow. in 2012, he received a phd in anthropology from the university of manchester. he is a senior researcher in the laboratory for studies in economic sociology at the higher school of economics, and heads russia's first ma program in political philosophy at the moscow school for the social and economic sciences. in early 2022, yudin warned of a lack of political awareness amongst the russian population about the russo-ukrainian crisis. on 22 february 2022, yudin predicted that putin was "about to start the most senseless war in history". after participating in protest against the russian invasion of ukraine on 24 february 2022, he was beaten unconscious by police and needed treatment at the sklifosovsky institute in central moscow.
works (with ivan pavlyutkin) references external links greg yudin: from democracy to plebiscites. tbilisi city hall () is a body that provides executive-regulatory activities of the city of tbilisi. the government consists of: the mayor, deputy mayors and heads of tbilisi city services. tbilisi district governors are officially part of the government. the heads of the control and supervision services within the tbilisi city hall system are not part of the tbilisi city government. on february 3, 2008, the administration of the city hall and the city services moved to a new building - zh. in the former "labor palace" located at 7 shartava street. prior to that, the mayor's administration housed the historic building on freedom square, while municipal services housed various buildings throughout tbilisi.
history structure structure of tbilisi city hall: mayor; vice mayor; deputy mayors; city hall administration; 'city services:' municipal finance service; municipal service of social services and culture; municipal economic policy service; municipal transport service; municipal internal audit and monitoring service; municipal procurement service; municipal supervision service; municipal improvement service; municipal service of ecology and landscaping; municipal legal service; city security service. flavius lucian boroncoi (born 5 june 1976) is a romanian former football player and current manager of liga i side gaz metan mediaș. as a player, boroncoi grew up in gaz metan mediaș academy and made his debut in the divizia a, during the 2000–01 season. subsequently, he played mostly for second division clubs succh as fc onești, jiul petroșani, minerul lupeni or arieșul turda, among others.
as a manager, he worked as an assistant coach for several clubs including voința sibiu, pandurii târgu jiu, unirea alba iulia or politehnica iași, but mostly for gaz metan mediaș. amar k. mohanty is a material scientist and biomaterial engineer, academic and author. he is a professor and distinguished research chair in sustainable biomaterials at the ontario agriculture college and is the director of the bioproducts discovery and development centre at the university of guelph. mohanty has received a lot of recognition for his work in the field of bioplastics, biocomposites and advanced biorefinery. he has authored over 800 publications, has been cited over 43,000 times, and has 25 patents awarded. he is also the author of 25 book chapters, and 5 edited books, entitled natural fibers, biopolymers, and biocomposites, packaging nanotechnology, handbook of polymernanocomposites.
processing, performance and application: volume a: layered silicates, biocomposites: design and mechanical performance, and fiber technology for fiber-reinforced composites. mohanty is a fellow of american institute of chemical engineers (aiche), society of plastics engineers, royal society of chemistry, and royal society of canada. he is also the editor-in-chief of sustainable composites, composites part c -open access. early life and education mohanty was born in odisha, india. he spent early life in cuttack and bubaneshwar, india. he studied at the capital high school, bhubaneswar. mohanty studied at utkal university, and earned his bachelor's degree with distinction in chemistry in 1978, a master's degree in polymer chemistry in 1980, and doctoral degree in chemistry in 1987. career following his doctoral degree, mohanty held appointment as a lecturer and senior lecturer in 1987 at government colleges affiliated with berhampur and utkal university, india.
from 1998 till 1999, he held brief appointments as alexander von humboldt fellow at berlin institute of technology, and as post-doctoral associate at iowa state university. following these appointments, he joined michigan state university as a visiting research associate in 2000, and was promoted to visiting associate professor in 2001, and to associate professor in 2003. he then moved to canada, and held his next appointment at the university of guelph as a professor in the department of plant agriculture and school of engineering. mohanty was premier's research chair in biomaterials & transportation from 2008 till 2020, research leadership chair from 2017 till 2020, and became oac distinguished research chair in sustainable biomaterials in 2020. since 2007, he has also been serving as director/executive committee member of american institute of chemical engineers at forest product division.
research mohanty has focused his research on engineering value-added uses of biomass wastes and industrial co-products from agro-food and biofuel industries. he has also worked extensively on circular economy, environmental sustainability, waste plastic valorization, biodegradable plastics as single-use plastic alternatives, biocarbon based composites and 3d printing of sustainable materials. biocarbon composites mohanty was the first to demonstrate that biocarbon significantly improves barrier properties when used as a filler in composite materials. he demonstrated that biocarbon acts as an oxygen scavenger to improve oxygen barrier of biodegradable polymers and blends. furthermore, he explored the impact of poly(propylene carbonate) polyol in the context of biobased epoxy interpenetrating network. mohanty was among the pioneers to report the effectiveness of bicarbon as a reinforcing agent, filler, and colourant in thermoplastic composites.
he explored several ways to increase the renewable content in plastic resins, developed high-quality biocarbon from a variety of non-food biomass sources, and also showed that the morphology and allotropy of renewable biocarbon can be manipulated for materials design. he was the first to use biocarbon in thermoplastic composites and demonstrate its high potential in industrial applications, to be used as a reinforcement in polymer composite materials and to substitute carbon black, mineral fillers like talc, and short glass fibre. his research regarding biocarbon-based plastic biocomposites is utilized by ford motor company, volkswagen, general motors, and tesla, while conducting their trials of automotive parts. biocomposites in his studies regarding bio-based plastics and bio-based fillers, mohanty designed biocomposites to utilize closed-loop strategies to improve sustainability through the value-added integration of agri-food residues.
while using “waste” from reclaimed coffee bean skins with more expensive compostable plastic blends, he developed numerous commercial resins, including the world's first 100% compostable coffee pod certified by the biodegradable products institute (bpi). his invention combines the advantages of biodegradable plastics, green chemistry, reactive extrusion, and process engineering, along with the integration of the industrial ‘waste’ product of the coffee roasting industry. mohanty along with misra also developed a “green floor” formulation, based on a plant derived plastic resin, poly(lactic acid) (pla). his innovation eliminated plasticizers containing harmful phthalates.
awards/honors 1998–1999 - alexander von humboldt fellowship, avh foundation, germany 2006 - andrew chase forest products division award, american institute of chemical engineers, usa 2011 – 2015 - 5 year visiting professorship, south china university of technology, china 2011 - jim hammar memorial service award, bioenvironmental polymer society, usa 2012 - "gold medal" and certificate, international conference on composites interfaces 2015 - lifetime achievement award, bioenvironmental polymer society, usa 2016 - innovation of the year award, university of guelph, canada 2017 - featured canadian author, selected for acs publications open access virtual issue “hot materials in a cool country” - articles authored by canadians to celebrate the 100th canadian chemistry conference 2017 - highly prolific author, american chemical society (acs) sustainable chemistry & engineering, usa 2018 - nserc synergy award for innovation, natural sciences and engineering research council, canada 2019 - oac alumni distinguis
bibliography books natural fibers, biopolymers, and biocomposites (2005) isbn 9781135498979 packaging nanotechnology (2009) isbn 9781588831057 handbook of polymernanocomposites. processing, performance and application: volume a: layered silicates (2014) isbn 9783642386497 biocomposites: design and mechanical performance (2015) isbn 9781782423942 fiber technology for fiber-reinforced composites (2017) isbn 9780081009932 selected articles mohanty, a. k. , misra, m. a. , & hinrichsen, g. i. (2000). biofibres, biodegradable polymers and biocomposites: an overview. macromolecular materials and engineering, 276(1), 1-24. mohanty, a. k. , misra, m. , & drzal, l. t. (2002). sustainable bio-composites from renewable resources: opportunities and challenges in the green materials world. journal of polymers and the environment, 10(1), 19–26. mishra, s. , mohanty, a. k. , drzal, l. t. , misra, m. , parija, s. , nayak, s. k. , & tripathy, s. s. (2003).
studies on mechanical performance of biofibre/glass reinforced polyester hybrid composites. composites science and technology, 63(10), 1377–1385. joshi, s. v. , drzal, l. t. , mohanty, a. k. , & arora, s. (2004). are natural fiber composites environmentally superior to glass fiber reinforced composites? . composites part a: applied science and manufacturing, 35(3), 371–376. mohanty, a. k. , vivekanandhan, s. , pin, j. m. , & misra, m. (2018). "composites from renewable and sustainable resources: challenges and innovations". science, 362(6414), 536–542. aquaman: the becoming is a six-issue comic book miniseries that were published by dc comics from september 2021 to february 2022. synopsis the series follows aqualad, who is accused of blowing up aquaman's training facility and must prove his innocence. issues reception henry varona from comic book resources called last issue a "satisfying end to jackson hyde's first solo series". reviewer from bleeding cool gave first issue 7.
5 rating and wrote "a strong setting and some epic performances by supporting characters establish a great foundation for a new generation of stories. j. r. r. tolkien was both a philologist and an author of high fantasy. he had a private theory that the sound of words was directly connected to their meaning, and that certain sounds were inherently beautiful. scholars believe he intentionally chose words and names in his constructed middle-earth languages to create feelings such as of beauty, longing, and strangeness. tolkien stated that he wrote his stories to provide a setting for his languages, rather than the other way around. tolkien constructed languages for the elves to sound pleasant, and the black speech of the evil land of mordor to sound harsh; poetry suitable for various peoples of his invented world of middle-earth; and many place-names, chosen to convey the nature of each region.
the theory is individual, but it was in the context of literary and artistic movements such as vorticism, and earlier nonsense verse, that stressed language and the sound of words, even when the words were apparently nonsense. context author as well as writing high fantasy, j. r. r. tolkien was a professional philologist, a scholar of comparative and historical linguistics. he was especially familiar with old english and related languages. he remarked to the poet and the new york times book reviewer harvey breit that "i am a philologist and all my work is philological"; he explained to his american publisher houghton mifflin that this was meant to imply that his work was "all of a piece, and fundamentally linguistic [sic] in inspiration. . . . the invention of languages is the foundation. the 'stories' were made rather to provide a world for the languages than the reverse. to me a name comes first and the story follows.
" human sub-creation, in tolkien's view, to some extent mirrors divine creation as thought and sound together bring into being a new world. artistic and literary movements the tolkien scholar dimitra fimi notes that around 1900 there were multiple artistic and literary movements that stressed language and the sound of words, and the possibility of conveying meaning even with words that were apparently nonsense. these included italian futurism, british vorticism, and the imagism of the poet ezra pound. fimi further observes that in the late 19th century, nonsense poets such as lewis carroll with his jabberwocky and edward lear sought to convey meaning using invented words. tolkien's "linguistic heresy" an aesthetic pleasure the scholar of english literature allan turner writes that "the sound pattern of a language was the source of a special aesthetic pleasure" for tolkien.
the tolkien scholar tom shippey notes that in the fellowship of the ring, the sindarin poem a elbereth gilthoniel, is presented directly without translation: shippey asks rhetorically what any reader could be expected to make of that. he answers his own question by stating that tolkien had a private theory of sound and language. this was that the sound of words was directly connected to their meaning, and that certain sounds were inherently beautiful. he intentionally chose words and names in his constructed middle-earth languages to create feelings such as of beauty, longing, and strangeness. shippey gives as one example tolkien's statement that he had used such names as bree, archet, combe, and chetwood for the small area, outside the shire, where hobbits and men lived together. tolkien selected them for their non-english elements so that they would sound "queer", with "a style that we should perhaps vaguely feel to be 'celtic'". shippey calls this "tolkien's major linguistic heresy".
it would work, he explains, if people could recognise different styles in language, somehow sense the depth of history in words, get some degree of meaning just from the sounds of words, and even judge some sound combinations beautiful. tolkien, he writes, believed that "untranslated elvish would do a job that english could not". shippey notes, too, that tolkien is recorded as saying that "cellar door" sounded more beautiful than the word "beautiful"; the phrase had however been admired by others from at least 1903. an unconventional view tolkien's point of view was a "heresy" because the usual structuralist view of language is that there is no connection between specific sounds and meanings. thus "pig" denotes an animal in english but "pige" denotes a girl in danish: the allocation of sounds to meanings in different languages is taken by linguists to be arbitrary, and it is just an accidental by-product that english people find the sound of "pig" to be hoglike.
tolkien was somewhat embarrassed by the subject of his linguistic aesthetics, as he was aware of the conventional view, due to ferdinand de saussure and strengthened by noam chomsky and his generative grammar school, that linguistic signs (such as words) were arbitrary, unrelated to their real-world referents (things, people, places). the tolkien scholar ross smith notes that tolkien was in fact not the only person who disagreed with the conventional view, "unassailable giants of linguistic theory and philosophy like [otto] jespersen and [roman] jakobson" among them. more recently, sound symbolism has been demonstrated to be widespread in natural language. the bouba/kiki effect, for example, describes the cross-cultural association of sounds like "bouba" with roundness and "kiki" with sharpness.
true names a specific form of direct association of word and meaning is the true name, the ancient belief that there is a name for a thing or a being that is congruent with it; knowledge of a true name might give one power over that thing or being. tolkien hints at true names in a few places in his middle-earth writings. thus, the ent or tree-giant treebeard says in the two towers that "real names tell you the story of the things they belong to in my language", while in the hobbit, the wizard gandalf introduces himself with the statement "i am gandalf, and gandalf means me". in the case of tom bombadil, an enigmatic character in the fellowship of the ring who always speaks in a singing metre and often sings, turner comments that "the propositional content of language seems to have been absorbed into the music of the sounds alone".
further, shippey notes, when tom bombadil names something, like the ponies that the hobbits are riding, "the name sticks – the animals respond to nothing else for the rest of their lives". analysis linguistic geography in turner's view, tolkien's "linguistic heresy" explains why he believed that his use of different linguistic choices would allow his readers to feel, without understanding why, the distinct nature of each region of middle-earth. keatsian listening tolkien allows his characters to listen and appreciate "in highly keatsian style", enjoying the sound of language, as when the hobbit frodo baggins, recently recovered from his near-fatal wound with the nazgûl's morgul-knife, sits dreamily in the safe elvish haven of rivendell: when the hobbits meet gildor and his elves while walking through the shire, they get the feeling, as turner comments, that even though they do not speak elvish, they "subliminally understand something of the meaning".
in the two towers, while a party of the fellowship of the ring is crossing the grassy plains of rohan, the immortal elf legolas hears aragorn singing a song in a language he has never heard, and comments "that, i guess, is the language of the rohirrim . . . for it is like to this land itself, rich and rolling in part, and else hard and stern as the mountains. but i cannot guess what it means, save that it is laden with the sadness of mortal men". when gandalf declaims the rhyme of the rings in the black speech of the evil land of mordor at the council of elrond, his voice becomes "menacing, powerful, harsh as stone" and the elves cover their ears. when the dwarf gimli sings of the dwarf-king durin, the gardener hobbit sam gamgee says "i like that! i should like to learn it. in moria, in khazad-dum! " shippey remarks that sam's response to the sound of language is "obviously . . . a model one".
phonetic fitness of tolkien's constructed languages the linguist joanna podhorodecka examines the lámatyáve, a quenya term for "phonetic fitness", of tolkien's constructed languages. she analyses them in terms of ivan fonágy's theory of symbolic vocal gestures that convey emotions. she notes that tolkien's inspiration was "primarily linguistic"; and that he had invented the stories "to provide a world for the languages", which in turn were "agreeable to [his] personal aesthetic". she compares two samples of elvish (one sindarin, one quenya) and one of black speech, tabulating the proportions of vowels and consonants. the black speech is 63% consonants, compared to the elvish samples' 52% and 55%. among other features, the sound /i:/ (like the "i" in "machine") is much rarer in black speech than in elvish, while the sound /u/ (like the "u" in "brute") is much more common. she comments that in aggressive speech, consonants become longer and vowels shorter, so black speech sounds harsher.
further, black speech contains far more voiced plosives (/b, d, g/) than elvish, making the sound of the language more violent. podhorodecka concludes that tolkien's constructed languages were certainly individual to him, but that their "linguistic patterns resulted from his keen sense of phonetic metaphor", so that the languages subtly contribute to the "aesthetic and axiological aspects of his mythology". lari williams (1940 – 27 february 2022) was a nigerian actor, poet, and playwright who was famous for his roles in soap operas such as the village headmaster, ripples, and mirror in the sun. williams was born in nigeria in 1940. he died at his home in ikom, cross river state, on 27 february 2022, at the age of 81. ultsch is a german language surname. jenma natchathram () is a 1991 indian tamil-language supernatural horror film directed and co-written by thakkali srinivasan. a remake of the american film the omen (1976), it stars newcomers pramod, g. anandharam, sindhuja and baby vichithra.
the film was released on 30 august 1991. plot cast pramod as antony g. anandharam as swaminathan sindhuja as jennifer baby vichithra as xavier vivek as david prasanna as doctor sampath indira devi as mrs. elizabeth v. gopalakrishnan as doctor philips loose mohan as john sundari as xavier's nanny nassar as father murphy production jenma natchathram is an unofficial remake of the american film the omen (1976). it is the acting debut of pramod, g. anandharam, sindhuja and baby vichithra. reception c. r. k. of kalki gave a positive review, praising the camera work, absence of songs, and the combination of sindhuja and vichithra, but criticised vivek's comedy. the lindsey stirling summer tour was a north american tour by violinist lindsey stirling. the tour consisted of 24 dates during july and august and encompassed both individual concerts and music festivals.
background stirling was a surprise guest performer at the 2016 coachella festival on april 17 alongside robert delong, and two days later a promotional video announcing her new tour was released. the official announcement confirmed her summer tour dates would encompass individual concerts and festivals across the united states of america. the tour would officially begin on july 11 in wallingford, ct and end on august 13 in fresno, ca shortly before the release of her third studio album brave enough. set list individual tour date set list the following set list is representative of the show stirling performed on july 11, 2016, at wallingford ct.
"the arena" "moon trance" "prism" "shadows" "elements" "assassin's creed / dragon age / halo / skyrim / zelda" "song of the caged bird" "transcendence" "take flight" "something wild" "crystallize" "where do we go" "roundtable rival" "stars align" "shatter me" encore "beyond the veil" "music of the night / phantom of the opera" music festival set list the following set list is representative of the show stirling performed on july 31, 2016, at lollapalooza. her festival set lists consisted of a shorter set of 9 songs. laila suzigan abate (born 2 august 2000) is a brazilian paralympic swimmer who competes in international swimming competitions. she is a paralympic bronze medalist and a double parapan american games champion. suzigan was diagnosed with hereditary spastic paraparesis, a rare and progressive disability, as a result, she struggles walking short distances and is mainly wheelchair dependent. state museum is a museum in bhopal.
it is located on shymala hills, madhya pradesh state of india. it is popular for its design and the best art and culture of madhya pradesh. the museum holds a very prominent role among the monuments and museums of bhopal. history the state museum established in the year 1964. it was inaugurated on november 2, 2005. madhya pradesh chief minister, shivraj singh chouhan visited during the inaugration of the museum. the building is an architectural marvel. the best of art is represented by the museum and with the culture of the state. geography the museum includes 16 number of different galleries, which has been theme wise categorized. the galleries in the museum showcase some prehistoric articles and fossils including excavated objects, paintings, epigraphs, manuscripts , textiles, royal collection, sculptures, documents, articles associated with the freedom struggle, postal stamps,autographs, miniature paintings, coins, arms and weapons etc.
the archaeological museum is spread across 17 number of different galleries. the first postage stamp of the world ‘the black penny’ which was issued in the year 1840 with queen victoria’s picture on it is also in the collection. the museum also have sculptures, mostly from the period of 8th to 12th century. black colour grantie buddha and the yakshis from about 200 bc is also the part of the sculpture collection. it also has a collection of more than 80 jain bronzes which was founded in dhar district of malwa in the 12th century. dhar district is in the western side of madhya pradesh. another highlight of the museum is the collection of stone sculptures, which is from 6th to 10th century. a group of nine rock-cut buddhist monuments called reproductions of muras is also the part of it. this is vital as majority of the paintings are either lost or barely visible. overview the state museum is considered as one of india’s best designed museums of madhya pradesh.
it includes a contemporary building designed to catch natural light as well as wide spaces accessible by ramps. the museum showcases a stimulating form of architecture. inside the main building, there are 16 themed galleries and each of them prehistoric articles and fossils, paintings, manuscripts, military arms, ancient textiles, currencies and weapons, artifacts of the royal families as well as articles. it is said that all of them are associated with the india's struggle for freedom. the museum also houses reproductions of the buddhist bagh cave paintings that were destroyed as well as 84 numbers of rare jain-bronze articles from the 8th & 11th century. the museum also contains some miniature paintings which represents the aesthetic and inwrought lifestyle of the people from the old golden times. oleg anisimov is a russian climate scientist.
doctor of science in geography and professor of physical geography at the state hydrological institute (shi), part of the federal service for hydrometeorology and environmental monitoring of russia (roshydromet) in saint petersburg. an expert on the impact of climate change on the arctic region, he has acted as a lead author for the intergovernmental panel on climate change (ipcc), which received the 2007 nobel peace prize. life anisimov was the coordinating lead author of the polar regions chapters in the third (2001), fourth (2007) and fifth ipcc assessmment reports. he was also lead author for the arctic climate impact assessment (acia) and snow, water, ice and permafrost in the arctic (swipa).
in 2015, anisimov warned that arctic amplification was causing global warming in yakutia, russia's coldest region, to take place at twice the global rate: in december 2018, he addressed the 8th arctic: today and the future, an international forum of arctic researchers, reporting on changes in the cryolithic zone of the arctic. the mayor of the south dhaka is head of the dhaka south city corporation. the mayor's office administers all city services, public property, most public agencies, and enforces all city and state laws within dhaka city. according to the existing law, the executive power of the dhaka south city corporation vests in and is exercised by the mayor/administrator. the corporation constitutes several standing committees and other committees to monitor and guide the diversified activities of the organization. the mayor/administrator is assisted by the chief executive officer, who in turn, is assisted by the secretary, the heads of departments and zonal executive officers.
the mayor's office is located in nagar bhaban; it has jurisdiction over all 75 wards of dhaka north city. . events in 1911 in animation. films released unknown date - by the light of the moon (united states) 8 april - little nemo (united states) births january january 18: danny kaye, american actor, comedian and singer (voice of seymour s. sassafras, colonel b. wellington, b. bunny and antoine in here comes peter cottontail, marmaduke in the enchanted world of danny kaye), (d. 1987). march march 24: joseph barbera, american animator, film director and producer(tom & jerry, the flintstones, yogi bear, the jetsons, wacky races, scooby-doo), co-founder of hanna-barbera, (d. 2006). the three buckaroos is a 1922 american silent western film directed by fred j. balshofer, starring fred humes, peggy o'day and monte montague.
cast fred humes as dartigan peggy o'day as constance kingsley monte montague as athor tex keith as forthor bill conant as aramor al ernest garcia as 'card' ritchie cleo childers as flores references bibliography connelly, robert b. the silents: silent feature films, 1910-36, volume 40, issue 2. december press, 1998. munden, kenneth white. the american film institute catalog of motion pictures produced in the united states, part 1. university of california press, 1997. external links 1922 films 1922 western (genre) films english-language films american films american silent feature films american western (genre) films american black-and-white films films directed by fred j. the kanu ndubuisi park is a public park and recreational center located in ikeja, lagos. it is a green space created and managed by the lagos state parks and garden agency. the park has a lawn tennis court, a basketball court, a play area for cildren, seats and benches, patios and sheds and snacks stands.
it has a large green area for residents to host picnic and relax generally. it is in close proximity to the johnson jakande tinubu park. the following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to kohima: kohima – second-largest city in the indian state of nagaland. originally known as kewhira, kohima was founded in 1878 when the british empire established its headquarters of the then naga hills district of assam province. it officially became the capital after the state of nagaland was inaugurated in 1963. kohima was the site of one of the bloodiest battles of world war ii. the battle is often referred to as the ‘stalingrad of the east’. in 2013, the british national army museum voted the battle of kohima to be ‘britain's greatest battle’.
general reference pronunciation: common english name(s): kohima official english name(s): city of kohima nicknames of kohima: adjectival(s): demonym(s): geography of kohima geography of kohima kohima is: a city population of kohima: area of kohima: atlas of kohima location of kohima kohima is situated within the following regions: northern hemisphere eastern hemisphere eurasia asia south asia india northeast india nagaland kohima district time zone(s): indian standard time (utc+5:30) environment of kohima climate of kohima landforms of kohima pulie badze areas of kohima wards of kohima municipal wards of kohima the specific wards are listed below. the last don is a 1997 cbs miniseries based on the novel the last don by mario puzo. ballidon is a civil parish in the derbyshire dales district of derbyshire, england. the parish contains 15 listed buildings that are recorded in the national heritage list for england.
all the listed buildings are designated at grade ii, the lowest of the three grades, which is applied to "buildings of national importance and special interest". the parish contains the villages of ballidon and pikehall, and ballidon quarry, and is otherwise entirely rural. most of the listed buildings are farmhouses and farm buildings, two of which has been converted for other uses by the quarry. the other listed buildings are a church, a milestone, a lime kiln, and an embankment and bridge, originally carrying a railway, and later part of the high peak trail. charlie leabeater was an australian soccer player who played as a full-back. he played for granville and the australia national team. he was also a cricket player, rugby player and swimmer. international career leabeater played two international matches for australia, debuting in a 4–1 win against canada on 23 june 1924 and playing his final match in a 1–0 win against canada on 26 july 1924.
benjamin arsanis (; 1884–1957) was an assyrian politician, writer, teacher and historian. arsanis was, together with freydun atturaya and baba parhad, one of the co-founders of the first assyrian political party, the assyrian socialist party, and he served as the head of the party's central committee. arsanis was also a prominent member, and in cases founder, of other assyrian organizations, such as the society of assyrian literary culture which in the 1910s sought to increase enthusiasm for the assyrian language and culture. remembered by modern assyrians as a respected patriot, writer and orator, arsanis published several important works on language and history. biography arsanis was born in 1884 in the village of digala in urmia, iran. arsanis studied at a newly established orthodox shool in urmia from 1898 to 1910. after completing his studies there, he travelled to russia, where he studied history at the lazarev institute of oriental languages.
he later returned to urmia and taught at his old school until it closed in 1918. on 10 may 1912, arsanis founded the society of assyrian literary culture, with the purpose to "increase enthusiasm for the nation and to expand authorship in the spoken language". the society, with arsanis as director, met weekly for discussion meetings. per the society's 1912 bylaws, both men and women could join and members were free to leave whenever they wished to. arsanis strongly supported efforts to develop printing houses for assyrian literature. inspired by the february revolution in russia, arsanis in early 1917, together with the other assyrian activists freydun atturaya and baba parhad, founded the assyrian socialist party. the assyrian socialist party, founded in urmia, was the first ever assyrian political party and prominently advocated for the creation of an independent assyrian state in the assyrian homeland, closely allied to the nascent soviet union.
originally operating under the full name assyrian socialist party of the transcaucasus, the assyrian socialist party is today seen as the first step towards the many later assyrian political organizations. arsanis was chosen to be the head of the party's central committee. later in 1917, the party established cells in various villages in urmia and salmas, as well as throughout the transcaucasus (including tbilisi and yerevan) and reached more than two hundred full members. members of various assyrian organizations were repressed in the early soviet union on account of their nationalist organizing. some were arrested, some were sent to labor camps and some, such as atturaya, were killed. despite this, arsanis continued to be involved in various assyrian movements, at times within soviet borders. between 1925 and 1938, arsanis and david ilyan were the chief editors of the assyrian magazine kukva d'madinkha, published in tbilisi. from 1952 to 1970, there was an increased assyrian cultural output in iran.
the iranian assyrian community had two private schools (behnam and chouchon), its own magazine (gilgamesh) and the newly founded assyrian youth cultural society. arsanis, alongside other authors such as nemrod simono, kourosh benyamin, pira sarmas and william sarmas, was an important figure in this movement and published several important works in the modern assyrian language. arsanis died in 1957. legacy arsanis is remembered by modern assyrians as a respected patriot, orator and writer. an esteemed writer, particularly on language and history, many of arsanis's works have been lost, though several also survive.
in 2008, twelve of his books; teaching assyrian language (two volumes), assyrian proverbs, the fall of the assyrian empire, assyrian monument in china, prophet mohammed's documents, assyrian accomplishments in asia, the tragedy of 2,000 assyrian maidens, rescue of iran, assyrian history relative to kurds, book of riddles and a short story, were collected, edited and annotated in a single volume by author youel a. baaba. during the visit of mar dinkha iv, the patriarch of the assyrian church of the east, to russia in june–july 1982, the patriarch met with guiwarguis and marouna arsanis, sons of benjamin arsanis, to discuss possible measures to be taken for the construction of an assyrian church in moscow. the eighth edition of the strade bianche donne takes place on 5 march 2022. the italian race is the first event of the 2022 uci women's world tour as the usual first race of the season in australia, the cadel evans great ocean road race, was cancelled due to the covid-19 pandemic.
route the race starts and finishes in siena, italy. the route is identical to that of the previous years, containing 30 km of gravel roads spread over eight sectors, for a total distance of 136 km. teams fourteen uci women's worldteams and eleven uci women's continental teams make up the twenty-five teams that will compete in the race. bibliography of the history of the book in japan a. akin 2021, east asian cartographic print culture: the late ming publishing boom and its trans-regional connections (amsterdam: amsterdam university press). j. bauermeister 1980, entwicklung des modernen japanischen verlagswesens. fallstudie iwanami shoten (bochum: studienverlag brockmeyer). m. e. berry 2006, japan in print: information and nation in the early modern period (berkeley: university of california press). w. j. boot 2009, ‘the transfer of learning: the import of chinese and dutch books in tokugawa japan’, in e. groenendijk, c. viallé and j. l. blussé, eds. , canton and nagasaki compared, 1730-1830.
dutch, chinese, japanese relations transactions (leiden: igeer), pp. 45–56. w. j. boot 2010, ‘kaibara ekiken’s preface to chinbirok: a japanese edition of the book of corrections’, korean histories 2-1: 85–89. r. s. borgen 1990, 'through several glasses brightly: a japanese copy of a chinese account of japan', sino-japanese studies 2. 2: 5-56. e. l. brightwell 2021, ‘making meaning: lexical glosses as interpretive interventions in the kakaishō’, ‘’journal of japanese studies’’ 47: 91-122. c-a. brisset, p. griolet, c. marquet & m. simon-oikawa (eds) 2006, du pinceau à la typographie. regards japonais sur l'écriture et le livre (paris: ecole française d'extrême-orient). l. n. brown 1924, block-printing and book-illustration in japan from the earliest period to the twentieth century (london: goerge routlege & sons ltd). r. bru 2017, ‘the shunga collection of the mito tokugawa’, japan review 29: 121–143. j. t.
carpenter 2007, ‘by brush or block printing: transmitting cultural heritage in pre-modern japan’, orientations 38. 8: 57–66. d. chibbett 1977, the history of japanese printing and book illustration (tokyo: kodansha international). a. commons 2015, ‘heike nōkyō as repertoire: contextualizing kiyomori's devotional practice of copying sutras’, in m. s. adolphson & a. commons, eds, lovable losers: the heike in action and memory (honolulu: university of hawai'i press). j. n. davis 2007, ‘the trouble with hideyoshi: censoring ukiyo-e and the ehon taikōki incident of 1804’, japan forum 19: 281–315. j. n. davis 2014, partners in print: artistic collaboration and the ukiyo-e market (honolulu: university of hawai’i press). j. n. davis 2008, 'tsutaya jūzaburō, master publisher', in j. meech and j. oliver, eds. , designed for pleasure: the world of edo japan in prints and paintings, 1680–1860(new york: asia society and japanese art society of america; seattle: university of washington press), 115–141. j. n. davis & l.
chance 2016, ‘the handwritten and the printed: issues of format and medium in japanese premodern books’, manuscript studies 1: 90–115. s. formanek 2005, ‘the “spectacle” of womanhood: new types in texts and pictures on pictorial sugoroku games of the late edo period’, in s. formanek & s. linhart, eds, written texts - visual texts: woodblock printed media in early modern japan (amsterdam: hotei). s. formanek & s. linhart (eds) 2005, written texts - visual texts: woodblock printed media in early modern japan (amsterdam: hotei). m. forrer 1979, egoyomi and surimono: their history and development (uithoorn: j. c. gieben). m. forrer 1985, eirakuya tōshirō, publisher at nagoya (amsterdam: j. c. gieben). s. fowler 2018, ‘connecting kannon to women through print’, in k. m. gerhart, ed. , women, rites, and ritual objects in premodern japan (leiden: brill), 221–266. b. fujimori 2001, ‘techniques de fabrication et de diffusion des livres a l’epoque d’edo’, in j-p. berthon, a. bouchy & p. f.
souyri, eds, identités, marges, mediations. regards croisés sure la société japonaise (paris: ecole française d'extrême-orient). a. garcia 2001, ‘compendio de leyes sobre el control de materials impresos. japón 1657-1842’, estudios de asia y africa (mexico) 116: 495–523. k. gardner 1990, 'centres of printing in medieval japan: late heian to early edo period', in yu-ying brown, ed. , japanese studies, british library occasional papers 11 (london). v. n. goregliad 1996, ‘the oldest russian collection of japanese manuscripts and wood-block books’, manuscripta orientalia 2. 1: 31–43. g. groemer 1994, 'singing the news: yomiuri in japan during the edo and meiji periods', harvard journal of asiatic studies 54: 233–261. n. harada 2005, ‘culinary culture and its transmission in the late edo period’, in s. formanek & s. linhart, eds, written texts - visual texts: woodblock printed media in early modern japan (amsterdam: hotei). m.
hayek 2014, 'from esoteric tools to handbooks "for beginners": printed divination books from the seventeenth century to the beginning of the eighteenth century', in m. hayek and a. horiuchi, eds, listen, copy, read: popular learning in early modern japan (leiden: brill), pp. 288–318. f. hérail 1997, 'lire et écrire dans le japon ancien', in viviane alleton, ed. , paroles à dire, paroles à écrire (paris: ehess). a. herring (ed. ) 1986, the early history of children's books in japan, bilingual catalogue of exhibition at tōkyōto teien bijutsukan (nihon kokusai jidō tosho hyōgikai). a. herrring 2005, ‘the hidden heritage: books, prints, printed toys and other publications for young people in tokugawa japan’, in s. formanek & s. linhart, eds, written texts - visual texts: woodblock printed media in early modern japan (amsterdam: hotei). h. hibbett 1957–58, 'the role of the ukiyozoshi illustrator', monumenta nipponica 13: 67–82. j. hillier 1988, the art of the japanese book, two vols (london: philip wilson). a.
hockley 2000, 'shunga: function, content, methodology', monumenta nipponica 55: 257–269. a. horiuchi 2014, 'the jinkōki phenomenon: the story of a longstanding calculation manual in tokugawa japan', in m. hayek and a. horiuchi, eds, listen, copy, read: popular learning in early modern japan (leiden: brill), pp. 253–287. h. m. horton 1993, ‘japanese spirit and chinese learning: scribes and storytellers in pre-modern japan’, in j. boyarin, ed. , the ethnography of reading (berkeley: university of california press), 156–79. t. iannello 2015, ‘il libro a stampa, le istituzioni e la cultura editoriale in epoca edo (1600-1867)’, in g. borriello, ed. , spigolature orientali: scritti in onore di adolfo tamburello per l'ottantesimo compleanno (napoli: orientalia parthenopea), pp. 185–199. t. ito 1972, 'the book banning policy of the tokugawa shogunate', acta asiatica 22: 36–61. g. ivanova 2018, unbinding the pillow book: the many lives of a japanese classic (new york: columbia university press). y.
iwakiri 2011, 'censorship and nishiki-e print publication in the tenpō reform era - instances from the works of utagawa kuniyoshi', in n. brandl & s. linhart, eds. , ukiyo-e caricatures (wien: abteilung für japanologie, institut für ostasienwissenschaften, universität wien). h. johnson 2005, western influence on japanese art: the akita ranga art school and foreign books (amsterdam: hotei books). e. joskovich 2019, ‘relying on words and letters: scripture recitation in the japanese rinzai tradition’, japanese journal of religious studies 46: 53–78. r. s. keyes 2006, ehon: the artist and the book in japan (new york public library). g. a. keyworth 2017, ‘copying for the kami: the manuscript set of the buddhist canon held by matsuno’o shrine’, japanese journal of religious studies 44: 161–190. h. kikuchi 2010, 'letting the copy out of the window: a history of copying texts in japan', east asian library journal 14. 1: 120–157. k. kimbrough & s.
shimazaki (eds) 2011, publishing the stage: print and performance in early modern japan (boulder: center for asian studies, university of colorado boulder). m. kinski 2014, 'treasure boxes, fabrics, and mirrors: on the contents and the classification of popular encyclopedias from early modern japan' in m. hayek and a. horiuchi, eds, listen, copy, read: popular learning in early modern japan (leiden: brill), pp. 70–88. s. koda 1939, 'notes sur la presse jesuite au japon', monumenta nipponica 2: 374–85. s. köhn 2005, ‘between fiction and non-fiction - documentary literature in the late edo period’, in s. formanek & s. linhart, eds, written texts - visual texts: woodblock printed media in early modern japan (amsterdam: hotei). s. köhn & m. schönbein 2005, facetten der japanischen populär- und medienkultur (wiesbaden: harrasowitz). s. kohsaka & j. laube (eds) 2000, informationssystem und kulturelles leben in den städten der edo-zeit (wiesbaden: harrassowitz verlag). y.
koizumi 2014, 'learning to read and write - a study of tenaraibon', in m. hayek and a. horiuchi, eds, listen, copy, read: popular learning in early modern japan (leiden: brill), pp. 91–138. y. konta 2000, 'die publikationsgeschichtliche bedeutung der meisho-zue', in s. kohsaka & j. laube, eds, informationssytem und kulturelles leben in den staedten der edo-zeit (wiesbaden: harrassowitz). p. f. kornicki 1985, ‘obiya ihei, a japanese provincial publisher’, british library journal 11:131-142. p. f. kornicki 1990, ‘provincial publishing in the tokugawa period’, in yu-ying brown, ed. , japanese studies, british library occasional papers 11 (london), pp. 188–197. p. f. kornicki 1994, ‘the emergence of the printed book in japan: a comparative approach’, in a. c. milner & c. a. gerstle, eds, recovering the orient: artists, scholars, appropriations (chur: harwood academic publishers), pp. 229–243. p. f.