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# Firebase Admin Node.js SDK Release Notes
Stay organized with collections Save and categorize content based on your
preferences.
To review release notes for the Firebase console and for other Firebase
platforms and related SDKs, refer to the Firebase Release Notes.
## Version 11.5.0 - 19 January, 2023
* Added support for initializing the SDK with service account impersonation in Application Default Credentials. Thanks blue-hope for the contribution.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a caching issue in the Cloud Firestore API when initialized with the `preferRest` setting to force the use of REST transport.
## Version 11.4.1 - 22 December, 2022
* Updated the `jsonwebtoken` package to `v9.0.0` to address security concerns.
## Version 11.4.0 - 15 December, 2022
### Cloud Firestore
* The Cloud Firestore API now supports the `preferRest` setting to force the use of REST transport until an operation requires gRPC.
### Cloud Messaging
* Increased the timeout in the Cloud Messaging batch send API to 15 seconds to avoid duplicate notifications.
### Firebase ML
* Deprecated AutoML model support. AutoML model support will be removed in the next major version.
## Version 11.3.0 - 17 November, 2022
### Firebase Extensions
* Added a new Extensions API to access the Extensions runtime methods.
## Version 11.2.1 - 10 November, 2022
### Cloud Messaging
* Increased the timeout for Cloud Messaging requests to 15 seconds to avoid duplicate notifications.
### Cloud Firestore
* Exposed 'ReadWriteTransactionOptions' from the `firestore` module. Thanks naodya for the contribution.
## Version 11.2.0 - 17 October, 2022
### Authentication
* Added SMS region config support for tenant and project configuration.
### Cloud Firestore
* Upgraded the `@google-cloud/firestore` dependency to v6.4.0 to support the `COUNT` queries API.
## Version 11.1.0 - 06 October, 2022
### Cloud Firestore
* Upgraded the `@google-cloud/firestore` dependency to v6.3.0.
### Cloud Storage
* Upgraded the `@google-cloud/storage` dependency to v6.5.2.
## Version 11.0.1 - 28 July, 2022
* The `admin.securityRules()` API now creates a new Security Rules release if one does not already exist.
### Authentication
* The `toJSON()` method in `UserMetadata` now includes `lastRefreshTime` in the returned JSON output.
## Version 11.0.0 - 16 June, 2022
* Breaking change: Dropped support for Node.js 12. Developers should use Node.js 14 or higher when deploying the Admin SDK.
* Breaking change: Upgraded TypeScript to v4.6.4.
* Breaking change: Upgraded the `@google-cloud/firestore` package to v5. This contains breaking changes. Refer to the Cloud Firestore release notes for more details.
* Breaking change: Upgraded the `@google-cloud/storage` package to v6. This contains breaking changes. Refer to the Cloud Storage release notes for more details.
## Version 10.3.0 - 09 June, 2022
* Deprecated support for Node.js 12. Instead use Node.js 14 or higher when deploying the Admin SDK. Node.js 12 support will be dropped in the next major version.
* Replaced the `dicer` package with `@fastify/busboy` to address security issues in `dicer`.
## Version 10.2.0 - 05 May, 2022
### Firebase App Check
* Updated Firebase App Check APIs to use the `v1` service endpoint instead of the `v1beta` endpoint.
### Authentication
* Added the email action link generation APIs for creating links for the request type `VERIFY_AND_CHANGE_EMAIL` via `auth.generateVerifyAndChangeEmailLink()`.
### Cloud Functions
* Added an API to enqueue functions with Cloud Tasks.
## Version 10.1.0 - 21 April, 2022
* Upgraded the `node-forge` dependency to v1.3.1.
### Cloud Firestore
* Upgraded the `@google-cloud/firestore` dependency to v4.15.1.
### Cloud Storage
* Upgraded the `@google-cloud/storage` dependency to v5.18.3.
## Version 10.0.2 - 21 January, 2022
* Upgraded the `node-forge` dependency to v1.0.0, which includes fixes for a couple of known issues in previous package versions. (GitHub GHSA-5rrq-pxf6-6jx5, GitHub GHSA-gf8q-jrpm-jvxq)
## Version 10.0.1 - 15 December, 2021
### Authentication
* The `createSessionCookie()` API now correctly parses and maps `USER_DISABLED` server errors.
* Removed request body from the `deleteTenant()` API.
### Cloud Firestore
* Exposed `BundleBuilder`, `DocumentChange`, `OrderByDirection`, `SetOptions`, and `WhereFilterOp` Firestore SDK types from the `firestore` module and the `admin.firestore` namespace.
## Version 10.0.0 - 14 October, 2021
* The Admin SDK now requires Node.js 12 or higher. Node.js 10 support has been discontinued.
* The Admin SDK now exposes a series of ES module entry points. Developers are recommended to import Admin SDK APIs from these entry points. The namespaced version of the API will be removed in a future major release. Refer to the migration guide for details on how to update your existing code to use the new ES module entry points.
* The new module entry points can be used in native ESM runtimes. You can enable the native ESM support on a server running Node.js 12+ by setting the `type: "module"` parameter in your project's `package.json` file. See Node.js documentation for more details.
## Version 9.12.0 - 28 September, 2021
### Firebase Remote Config
* Added support for Parameter value data types.
### Realtime Database
* Refactored the `admin.database()` API to use the new `@firebase/database-compat` package under the hood. This helps avoid several dependency conflicts and type compilation errors when using the Firebase Web SDK packages alongside the Admin SDK.
## Version 9.11.1 - 19 August, 2021
### Authentication
* When `checkRevoked` is set to `true`, the `verifyIdToken()` and `verifySessionCookie()` APIs now throw an error if the user record is disabled.
## Version 9.11.0 - 15 July, 2021
### Firebase App Check
* The `createToken()` API now supports configuring the `TTL` of the returned Firebase App Check token.
## Version 9.10.0 - 24 June, 2021
### Authentication
* Redefined `AuthProviderConfig`, `CreateMultiFactorInfoRequest` and `UpdateMultiFactorInfoRequest` interfaces as TypeScript union types. This enables simpler and more idiomatic use of these types in developer applications.
### Firebase Installations
* Added a new `admin.installations()` API to replace the existing `admin.instanceId()` API.
* The `admin.instanceId()` API is now deprecated and the developers are advised to migrate to the `admin.installations()` API for deleting Firebase instance IDs and installation IDs.
## Version 9.9.0 - 26 May, 2021
* The Admin SDK now requires Node.js 10.13.0 or higher.
### Authentication
* Made multi-factor authentication `uid` optional for `updateUser` operations.
* Added support for configuring the authorization code flow for OIDC providers (previously only supported the `idToken` flow).
* Added `OAuthResponseType` for specifying the `responseType` in OIDC provider flow.
* Added `INVALID_OAUTH_RESPONSETYPE` and `MISSING_OAUTH_CLIENT_SECRET` error codes.
## Version 9.8.0 - 10 May, 2021
* Upgraded the `@types/node` dependency to v12.12.47. Thanks nikhilag for the contribution.
### Authentication
* The method `generatePasswordResetLink()` now throws an `auth/email-not-found` error code if no user exists for the specified email address.
### Realtime Database
* Upgraded the `@firebase/database` dependency to version 0.10.0. This makes the `startAfter` and `endBefore` query filters available for Admin SDK users.
### Firebase App Check
* Added Firebase abuse reduction support APIs.
## Version 9.7.0 - 27 April, 2021
### Cloud Storage
* Added support for the `FIREBASE_STORAGE_EMULATOR_HOST` environment variable.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed a token refresh livelock that affected the Cloud Functions for Firebase users.
## Version 9.6.0 - 29 March, 2021
* Improved OAuth 2.0 token caching and management. The SDK now treats any OAuth 2.0 token 5 minutes away from expiration as already expired, and proactively refreshes it. This helps avoid certain types of authorization-related race conditions.
* The periodic token refresher background task has been decoupled from the SDK core and moved into the RTDB module. This task no longer starts automatically unless the `admin.database()` API is explicitly invoked.
### Realtime Database
* Rules management APIs now support the Firebase emulator suite. Methods like `getRules()` and `setRules()` will automatically connect to the local emulator when the emulator mode is enabled.
## Version 9.5.0 - 10 February, 2021
### Authentication
* Added a new `getUserByProviderUid()` method to look up user accounts by their providers.
* The `updateUser()` method now supports linking a federated ID with a user account.
* Allowed enabling of anonymous provider via tenant configuration.
* The `verifyIdToken()` method now fully supports the Authentication emulator.
### Cloud Messaging
* Exported all message types so they can be used by consumers. Thanks BorntraegerMarc for the contribution.
## Version 9.4.2 - 09 December, 2020
### Cloud Messaging
* Support arbitrary custom values in the `ApnsPayload` type.
### Realtime Database
* Upgraded dependencies `@firebase/database` and `@firebase/database-types` to the latest available versions. This resolves an inconsistency in the published typings of the Database API.
## Version 9.4.1 - 13 November, 2020
### Firebase Remote Config
* Fixed a timestamp parsing issue in Remote Config template `Version` metadata that was causing Firebase Remote Config API operations to fail.
## Version 9.4.0 - 12 November, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Exposed several new types from the `admin.firestore` namespace. Newly exposed types include `GrpcStatus`, `FirestoreDataConverter`, `UpdateData`, and more.
* Upgraded the `@google-cloud/firestore` dependency to v4.5.0.
### Authentication
* Fixed a bug that was causing credential lookup errors when invoking some APIs against the emulator.
## Version 9.3.0 - 22 October, 2020
### Authentication
* Added support for generating unsigned custom tokens for testing.
* Added support for verifying test ID tokens.
## Version 9.2.0 - 15 September, 2020
### Firebase ML
* Added support for creating, updating, getting, listing, publishing, unpublishing, and deleting Firebase-hosted custom ML models created with AutoML.
## Version 9.1.1 - 20 August, 2020
### Firebase Remote Config
* Added missing type definition for `ListVersionsOptions`. Thanks CodingAleCR for the contribution.
## Version 9.1.0 - 13 August, 2020
### Authentication
* Added the ability to enable/disable multi-factor authentication with SMS on a Google Cloud Identity Platform tenant. Existing APIs like `createTenant()` and `updateTenant()` now support configuring multi-factor authentication and testing phone number/code pairs on a specified tenant.
* Made `displayName` optional in `AuthProviderConfig` typings.
## Version 9.0.0 - 14 July, 2020
* The Admin SDK now requires Node.js 10 or higher. Node.js 8 support has been discontinued.
* Upgraded dependency on the `@google-cloud/firestore` package to v4.
* Upgraded dependency on the `@google-cloud/storage` package to v5.
## Version 8.13.0 - 29 June, 2020
### Authentication
* Fixed a timestamp parsing issue in the `UserMetadata.lastRefreshTime` field.
* The `lastRefreshTime` field has been removed from the `UserMetadataRequest` type used in the `importUsers()` API. Setting this field is currently not supported in the Firebase Authentication backend.
* Added `GetUsersResult` and `DeleteUsersResults` interfaces to the exposed typings.
### Firebase Remote Config
* Added version management support for the `admin.remoteConfig()` API. This API now supports `listVersions()`, `getTemplateAtVersion()`, and `rollback()` operations to help developers programmatically manage their Remote Config templates.
## Version 8.12.1 - 08 May, 2020
### Authentication
* Fixed the typings of the `UserMetadata` type to avoid a potentially breaking change.
## Version 8.12.0 - 06 May, 2020
### Authentication
* Added `getUsers()` and `deleteUsers()` APIs for retrieving and deleting user accounts in bulk.
* Updated the typings of the `customClaims` attribute on `UserRecord` and `UserImportRecord` interfaces.
## Version 8.11.0 - 22 April, 2020
### Authentication
* Exposed `email`, `email_verified`, `phone_number`, and `picture` fields from the `DecodedIdToken` type.
### Realtime Database
* Upgraded `@firebase/database` dependency to v0.6.0, which provides a new `admin.database.ServerValue.increment()` function and fixed a database URL parsing bug to support domains with more than 3 components.
### Firebase ML
* Added a new `admin.machineLearning()` API for creating, updating, getting, listing, publishing, unpublishing, and deleting Firebase-hosted custom ML models.
### Firebase Remote Config
* Added a new `admin.remoteConfig()` API. This API enables Firebase developers to programmatically manage the set of JSON-formatted parameters and conditions known as the Remote Config template.
## Version 8.10.0 - 12 March, 2020
### Authentication
* Added multi-factor authentication support with SMS for Google Cloud Identity Platform. Existing APIs like `createUser()` and `updateUser()` now support configuring multi-factor authentication settings on user accounts. See documentation for more details and code samples.
* Updated typings of the `UserRecord.customClaims` attribute to allow indexing by string keys. Thanks wSedlacek for the contribution.
* Fixed a timestamp rounding error in the `revokeRefreshTokens()` API that caused some race conditions.
## Version 8.9.2 - 23 January, 2020
* Fixed a credential loading issue that prevented some functions from being deployed via the Firebase CLI.
## Version 8.9.1 - 15 January, 2020
### Authentication
* Fixed the inability to discover the project ID when running on GCP managed environments.
## Version 8.9.0 - 19 December, 2019
* Fixed a bug in the `admin.instanceId().deleteInstanceId()` API that caused errors even when the operation was completed successfully in the backend.
* Upgraded the `@google-cloud/firestore` dependency to v3.0.0. See the Firestore release notes for more details.
### Cloud Messaging
* The `sendMulticast()` API now correctly copies the `fcmOptions` when sending a message to multiple recipients.
### Realtime Database
* Upgraded the `@firebase/database` dependency to v0.5.17.
## Version 8.8.0 - 19 November, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Upgraded `@google-cloud/firestore` dependency version to 2.6.0. Thanks arjunyel for the contribution.
### Cloud Storage
* Upgraded `@google-cloud/storage` dependency version to 4.1.2. This version contains some minor breaking changes. Check the release notes of the dependency for more information. Thanks arjunyel for the contribution.
### Authentication
* The `verifyIdToken()` method now correctly uses the `http.Agent` configured during SDK initialization.
### Cloud Messaging
* Batch messaging APIs `sendAll()` and `sendMulticast()` now support sending up to 500 messages in a single call.
## Version 8.7.0 - 30 October, 2019
### Cloud Messaging
* Added a series of new parameters to the `AndroidNotification` class that allow further customization of notifications that target Android devices.
## Version 8.6.1 - 16 October, 2019
### Authentication
* `UserRecord` no longer exposes password hashes that are redacted due to lack of permissions in the service account credentials.
* Updated the typings of the `setCustomUserClaims()` API to accept `null`.
## Version 8.6.0 - 18 September, 2019
* Added a new `admin.securityRules()` API for managing Firebase security rules applied on services like Cloud Firestore and Cloud Storage. See the Firebase documentation to learn more about how to use the Admin SDK to manage and deploy security rules.
* Added `getFirestoreRuleset()` and `getStorageRuleset()` methods for retrieving rulesets that are currently in effect.
* Added `releaseFirestoreRuleset()` and `releaseStorageRuleset()` methods for creating new rulesets and applying them to Cloud Firestore and Cloud Storage.
* Added `getRuleset()`, `createRuleset()` and `deleteRuleset()` methods for managing the lifecycle of a ruleset.
### Cloud Messaging
* Added new APIs for specifying an image URL in notifications.
## Version 8.5.0 - 05 September, 2019
### Authentication
* Added multi-tenancy support to the authentication service (Google Cloud Identity Platform project required). Tenant related APIs are exposed via `tenantManager()` on the `admin.auth` interface.
* Added tenant management APIs `authForTenant()`, `getTenant()`, `listTenants()`, `deleteTenant()`, `createTenant()` and `updateTenant()` to the newly defined `TenantManager`.
* Defined `TenantAwareAuth` interface retrieved via `TenantManager#authForTenant()` for managing users, configuring SAML/OIDC providers, generating email links for password reset, email verification, etc for specific tenants.
### Realtime Database
* Upgraded `@firebase/database` dependency version to 0.5.1. This helps avoid some peer dependency warnings that were observed during package installation.
## Version 8.4.0 - 21 August, 2019
### Cloud Messaging
* Added support for specifying Analytics labels for notifications. Thanks chemidy for the contribution.
## Version 8.3.0 - July 24, 2019
### Realtime Database
* Added an `admin.database().getRules()` method to retrieve the currently applied Realtime Database rules text.
* Added an `admin.database().getRulesJSON()` method to retrieve the currently applied Realtime Database rules as a parsed JSON object.
* Added an `admin.database().setRules()` method to update Realtime Database rules.
* Downgraded the dependency on the `@firebase/app` package to a dev dependency.
### Authentication
* Implemented additional argument validation in the `admin.auth().importUsers()` API.
### Cloud Storage
* Upgraded the `@google-cloud/storage` dependency to v3.0.0. This new major version drops support for Node.js versions older than v8. Since `firebase-admin` already supports only Node.js v8 and above, this does not have a noticeable impact on users of the Admin SDK.
## Version 8.2.0 - June 19, 2019
* Updated the metadata server URL (used by the application default credentials) to the `v1` endpoint. This makes it possible to use the SDK in Google Kubernetes Engine again.
### Realtime Database
* Upgraded the `@firebase/database` dependency to v0.4.4.
### Firebase Cloud Messaging
* Gracefully handling array-like objects in `messaging.sendAll()` and `messaging.sendMulticast()` APIs.
## Version 8.1.0 - June 11, 2019
* The SDK now automatically retries HTTP calls failing due to 503 errors.
### Project Management
* Added a new `projectManagement.listAppMetadata()` API to list the summarized details of up to 100 apps in a Firebase project.
* Added a new `projectManagement.setDisplayName()` API to update the display name of a Firebase project.
## Version 8.0.0 - May 23, 2019
* The Admin SDK no longer supports Node 6. Developers must use Node 8.13.0 or higher when deploying the Admin SDK.
### Cloud Firestore
* Upgraded the Cloud Firestore client dependency to v2.0.0. This upgrade comes with a pure JS gRPC client implementation that is much smaller on disk.
### Cloud Storage
* Upgraded the Cloud Storage client dependency to v2.5.0.
## Version 7.4.0 - May 21, 2019
* Support for Node 6 is now deprecated. Developers are recommended to use Node 8 or higher when deploying the Admin SDK. An upcoming release will completely drop Node 6 support.
### Cloud Firestore
* Upgraded the Cloud Firestore client dependency to v1.3.0. This upgrade comes with a new API for executing collection group queries.
### Realtime Database
* Updated typings of the `admin.database.ThenableReference` type to extend from the built-in `Promise` type.
## Version 7.3.0 - April 17, 2019
### Authentication
* Added new APIs for managing SAML and OIDC provider configurations. These APIs support CRUD operations on auth provider configurations:
* `auth.listProviderConfigs()`
* `auth.getProviderConfig()`
* `auth.deleteProviderConfig()`
* `auth.updateProviderConfig()`
* `auth.createProviderConfig()`
## Version 7.2.0 - March 28, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Upgraded the Cloud Firestore client dependency to v1.2.0. This upgrade exposes the `v1beta` and `v1` clients, which provide direct access to the underlying Firestore and Firestore Admin RPCs. Please note that you must provide your Firebase credentials directly to these clients.
## Version 7.1.1 - March 20, 2019
### Firebase Cloud Messaging
* Fixed a bug in the FCM batch APIs that prevented them from correctly handling some message parameters like `AndroidConfig.ttl`.
## Version 7.1.0 - March 14, 2019
### Firebase Cloud Messaging
* A new `messaging.sendMulticast()` API for sending a message to a list of device registration tokens.
* A new `messaging.sendAll()` API for sending a list of messages as a single batch.
### Authentication
* Improved typings of the `auth.UpdateRequest` interface to clearly specify the nullable fields.
### Cloud Firestore
* Upgraded the Cloud Firestore client dependency to v1.1.0.
## Version 7.0.0 - January 31, 2019
* Updated the Google Cloud Firestore client to v1.0.1. This contains breaking changes. Refer to the Cloud Firestore release notes for more details and migration instructions.
* Updated the Google Cloud Storage client to v2.3.0. This contains breaking changes. Refer to the Cloud Storage release notes for more details and migration instructions.
### Authentication
* The `verifyIdToken()` and `verifySessionCookie()` methods now return `auth/id-token-expired` and `auth/session-cookie-expired` error codes for expired JWTs.
* Credentials-related errors are now reported with additional helpful details.
## Version 6.5.1 - January 23, 2019
* Setting the `GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS` environment variable to a refresh token file instead of a service account file is now supported. Thanks yinzara for the contribution.
* Implemented an environment check that is executed at package import time. The Admin SDK logs a warning if imported into a client environment such as a web browser.
## Version 6.5.0 - January 9, 2019
* A new `shaCertificate()` method for creating instances of `admin.projectManagement.ShaCertificate`.
### Authentication
* Fixed how the SDK parses the error codes sent by auth backend servers.
* Correctly marked optional fields in the `UserRecord` type.
## Version 6.4.0 - December 12, 2018
* `AppOptions` now accepts an optional `http.Agent` object. The `http.Agent` specified via this API is used when the SDK makes backend HTTP calls. This can be used when it is required to deploy the Admin SDK behind a proxy.
* `admin.credential.cert()`, `admin.credential.applicationDefault()`, and `admin.credential.refreshToken()` methods now accept an `http.Agent` as an optional argument. If specified, the `http.Agent` is used when calling Google backend servers to fetch OAuth2 access tokens.
### Cloud Messaging
* The `messaging.Aps` type now supports configuring a critical alert sound. A new `messaging.CriticalSound` type has been introduced for this purpose.
* The `messaging.AndroidNotification` type now supports specifying a `channelId` field when sending messages to Android O clients.
## Version 6.3.0 - November 28, 2018
* A new `admin.projectManagement()` API for managing apps in a Firebase project.
* New `listAndroidApps()` and `listIosApps()` methods for listing the existing apps in a project.
* New `createAndroidApp()` and `createIosApp()` methods for creating new apps in a project.
* New `AndroidApp` and `IosApp` APIs for updating individual apps.
### Cloud Messaging
* `ApsAlert` type now supports specifying a subtitle. Thanks chemidy for the contribution.
## Version 6.2.0 - November 19, 2018
### Authentication
* Added the email action link generation APIs for creating links for password reset, email verification and email link sign-in via `auth.generatePasswordResetLink()`, `auth.generateEmailVerificationLink()` and `auth.generateSignInWithEmailLink()`. Refer documentation for more details and code samples.
### Cloud Firestore
* Upgraded Cloud Firestore client to v0.19.0.
* Exposed the `Transaction` type from the `admin.firestore` namespace.
### Cloud Messaging
* Improved error handling in FCM. The SDK now checks the key `type.googleapis.com/google.firebase.fcm.v1.FcmError` to set error code. Thanks chemidy for the contribution.
## Version 6.1.0 - October 22, 2018
* Upgraded the Cloud Firestore client from 0.16.0 to 0.18.0.
## Version 6.0.0 - August 9, 2018
* The Admin SDK no longer supports Node.js 4. Developers must use Node.js 6 or higher to deploy the Admin SDK.
* The Admin SDK now installs Cloud Firestore and Cloud Storage libraries as optional dependencies. SDK installation no longer fails when encountering errors from Cloud Firestore, Cloud Storage or gRPC dependencies.
* Upgraded the Cloud Firestore client from 0.15.4 to 0.16.0. This version contains a new `array-contains` query operator and `FieldValue.arrayUnion()` and `FieldValue.arrayRemove()` APIs.
## Version 5.13.1 - July 23, 2018
* Upgraded the Cloud Firestore client from 0.15.2 to 0.15.4. This version contains a bug fix that enables using it in environments where application default credentials are not available.
## Version 5.13.0 - July 17, 2018
* The Admin SDK can now read the Firebase/Google Cloud Platform project ID from both `GCLOUD_PROJECT` and `GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT` environment variables.
* Upgraded the Cloud Firestore client from 0.14.0 to 0.15.2. This version of the Firestore client changes how date values are handled.
### Authentication
* The Admin SDK can now create custom tokens without being initialized with service account credentials.
* The SDK accepts a new `serviceAccountId` app option, which can be used to specify just the client email of a service account.
* When deployed in an environment managed by Google (e.g. Google Cloud Functions), the SDK can auto discover a service account ID without any explicit configuration.
### Realtime Database
* Updated typings of the `admin.database.Query.once()` method to return a more specific type.
### Cloud Messaging
* Updated typings of the `admin.messaging.WebpushNotification` type to include all supported notification fields.
## Version 5.12.1 - May 15, 2018
* Admin SDK now lazy loads all child namespaces and certain heavy dependencies for faster load times. This change also ensures that only the sources for namespaces that are actually used get loaded into the Node.js process.
* Upgraded the Cloud Firestore client from 0.13.0 to 0.14.0.
## Version 5.12.0 - April 05, 2018
### Authentication
* A new `auth.createSessionCookie()` method for creating a session cookie from a Firebase ID token.
* A new `auth.verifySessionCookie()` method for validating a given session cookie string.
### Cloud Messaging
* Added the `mutableContent` optional field to the `messaging.Aps` type. This can be used to set the `mutable-content` property when sending FCM messages to APNS targets.
* Added support for specifying arbitrary key-value fields in the `messaging.Aps` type.
## Version 5.11.0 - March 15, 2018
### Authentication
* A new `auth.importUsers()` method for importing users to Firebase Auth in bulk.
## Version 5.10.0 - March 08, 2018
* Upgraded the Realtime Database client from 0.1.11 to 0.2.0. This provides the ability to call `admin.database().ref()` with an existing reference as the argument.
* Upgraded the Cloud Firestore client from 0.12.0 to 0.13.0.
## Version 5.9.1 - February 28, 2018
* The `admin.initializeApp()` method can now be invoked without a `credential` option. The SDK uses Google Application Default Credentials when initialized this way.
* Upgraded the Cloud Firestore client from 0.11.1 to 0.12.0.
* Upgraded the Cloud Storage client from 1.2.1 to 1.6.0.
* Upgraded the Realtime Database client from 0.1.3 to 0.1.11.
## Version 5.9.0 - February 14, 2018
### Cloud Messaging
* A new `messaging.send()` method for sending FCM messages.
## Version 5.8.2 - January 30, 2018
* Exposed `admin.firestore.DocumentReference` and `admin.firestore.DocumentSnapshot` types from the Admin SDK typings.
* Upgraded Firestore dependency version to 0.11.2. This includes several bug fixes including a fix in the `DocumentReference.update()` operation.
## Version 5.8.1 - January 17, 2018
* Upgraded Firestore dependency version from 0.10.0 to 0.11.1. This includes several bug fixes in Cloud Firestore.
## Version 5.8.0 - January 11, 2018
### Initialization
* The `admin.initializeApp()` method can now be invoked without any arguments. This initializes an app using Google Application Default Credentials, and other `AppOptions` loaded from the `FIREBASE_CONFIG` environment variable.
### Authentication
* Upgraded the `jsonwebtoken` library to 8.1.0.
## Version 5.7.0 - January 04, 2018
### Authentication
* A new `revokeRefreshTokens()` method for revoking refresh tokens issued to a user.
* The `verifyIdToken()` method now accepts an optional `checkRevoked` argument, which can be used to check if a given ID token has been revoked.
## Version 5.6.0 - December 21, 2017
* A new `admin.instanceId()` API that facilitates deleting instance IDs and associated user data from Firebase projects.
* Updated the TypeScript typings for `admin.AppOptions` to reflect the introduction of the `projectId` option.
* Removed some unused third party dependencies.
## Version 5.5.1 - November 21, 2017
### Cloud Firestore
* Upgraded the Cloud Firestore client to the latest available version, which adds input validation to several operations, and retry logic to handle network errors.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue in the TypeScript typings of the Realtime Database API.
## Version 5.5.0 - November 10, 2017
### Realtime Database
* `app.database()` method now optionally accepts a database URL. This feature can be used to access multiple Realtime Database instances from the same app.
* Upgraded the Realtime Database client to the latest available version.
### Cloud Firestore
* Upgraded the Cloud Firestore client to the latest available version.
## Version 5.4.3 - October 24, 2017
* Fixed a regression in module loading that prevented using the Admin SDK in environments like AWS Lambda. This regression was introduced in the 5.4.0 release, which added a new dependency to Firestore and gRPC. This fix lazily loads Firestore and gRPC, thus enabling Admin SDK usage in the affected environments as long as no explicit attempts are made to use the Firestore API.
## Version 5.4.2 - October 09, 2017
* Upgraded the Cloud Firestore client dependency to 0.8.2, which resolves an issue with saving objects with nested document references.
## Version 5.4.1 - October 03, 2017
* Upgraded the Firestore client dependency to 0.8.1, which resolves the installation issues reported in the Yarn environment.
## Version 5.4.0 - October 03, 2017
* A new `admin.firestore()` API that facilitates accessing Google Cloud Firestore databases using the `@google-cloud/firestore` library. See Set Up Your Node.js App for Cloud Firestore to get started.
## Version 5.3.0 - September 27, 2017
* SDK now retries outbound HTTP calls on all low-level I/O errors.
### Authentication
* A new `setCustomUserClaims()` method for setting custom claims on user accounts. Custom claims set via this method become available on the ID tokens of the corresponding users when they sign in. To learn how to use this API for controlling access to Firebase resources, see Control Access with Custom Claims and Security Rules.
* A new `listUsers()` method for listing all the users in a Firebase project in batches.
### Cloud Storage
* Declared a more concrete TypeScript return type (`Bucket`) for the `bucket()` method in the Cloud Storage API.
## Version 5.2.1 - August 16, 2017
* A bug in the TypeScript type declarations that come bundled with the SDK (`index.d.ts`) has been fixed.
## Version 5.2.0 - August 14, 2017
* A new Cloud Storage API that facilitates accessing Google Cloud Storage buckets using the `@google-cloud/storage` library.
### Authentication
* New type definitions for the arguments of `createUser()` and `updateUser()` methods.
### Cloud Messaging
* Redefined the arguments of `sendToDevice()` using intersection instead of overloading.
## Version 5.1.0 - July 25, 2017
### Authentication
* Added the method `getUserByPhoneNumber()` to the `admin.auth` interface. This method enables retrieving user profile information by a phone number.
* `createUser()` and `updateUser()` methods now accept a `phoneNumber` property, which can be used to create users with a phone number field and/or update the phone number associated with a user.
* Added the `phoneNumber` field to `admin.auth.UserRecord`, which exposes the phone number associated with a user account.
* Added the `phoneNumber` field to `admin.auth.UserInfo`, which exposes the phone number associated with a user account by a linked identity provider.
## Version 5.0.1 - July 12, 2017
* Improved the error messages thrown in the case of network and RPC errors. These errors now include outgoing HTTP request details that make it easier to localize and debug issues.
### Authentication
* Implemented support in the user management API for handling photo URLs with special characters.
## Version 5.0.0 - May 17, 2017
### Initialization
* The deprecated `serviceAccount` property in the `admin.App.Options` type has been removed in favor of the `credential` property.
* Initializing the SDK without setting a credential results in an exception.
* Initializing the SDK with a malformed private key string results in an exception.
### Authentication
* `createdAt` and `lastSignedInAt` properties in `admin.auth.UserMetadata` have been renamed to `creationTime` and `lastSignInTime`. Also these properties now provide UTC formatted strings instead of `Date` values.
## Version 4.2.1 - April 12, 2017
* Updated the SDK to periodically refresh the OAuth access token internally used by `FirebaseApp`. This reduces the number of authentication failures encountered at runtime by SDK components like Realtime Database.
## Version 4.2.0 - April 04, 2017
### Cloud Messaging
* Added the methods `subscribeToTopic()` and `unsubscribeFromTopic()` to the `admin.messaging()` service. The new methods allow subscribing to and unsubscribing from FCM topics via registration tokens.
## Version 4.1.4 - March 28, 2017
### Authentication
* Cleaned up a number of types to improve the log output, thereby making debugging easier.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue which could cause infinite loops when using `push()` with no arguments.
## Version 4.1.3 - March 7, 2017
* Fixed incorrect usage of `undefined` \- as opposed to `void` \- in several places in the TypeScript typings.
* Added missing properties to the TypeScript typings for `DecodedIdToken`.
* Fixed issues when using some types with the TypeScript `strictNullChecks` option enabled.
* Removed incorrect `admin.Promise` type from the TypeScript typings in favor of the Node.js built-in `Promise` type, which the SDK actually uses.
* Added error codes to all app-level errors. All errors in the SDK now properly implement the `FirebaseError` interface.
* Improved error handling when initializing the SDK with a credential that cannot generate valid access tokens.
* Added new `admin.database.EventType` to the TypeScript typings.
### Realtime Database
* Improved how the Realtime Database reports errors when provided with various types of invalid credentials.
## Version 4.1.2 - March 2, 2017
### Authentication
* Improved input validation and error messages for all user management methods.
* `verifyIdToken()` now works with non-cert credentials, assuming the `GCLOUD_PROJECT` environment variable is set to your project ID, which is the case when running on Google infrastructure such as Google App Engine and Google Compute Engine.
### Realtime Database
* Added `toJSON()` methods to the `DataSnapshot` and `Query` objects to make them properly JSON-serializable.
### Cloud Messaging
* Improved response parsing when `sendToDevice()` and `sendToDeviceGroup()` are provided with unexpected inputs.
## Version 4.1.1 - February 14, 2017
* Added in missing TypeScript typings for the `FirebaseError.toJSON()` method.
### Authentication
* Fixed issue with `createUser()` which sometimes caused multiple users to share the same email.
## Version 4.1.0 - February 2, 2017
* Added in missing TypeScript typings for the `toJSON()` method off of several objects.
### Cloud Messaging
* A new `admin.messaging()` service allows you to send messages through Firebase Cloud Messaging. The new service includes the `sendToDevice()`, `sendToDeviceGroup()`, `sendToTopic()`, and `sendToCondition()` methods.
## Version 4.0.6 - January 24, 2017
### Initialization
* Fixed an issue which caused importing the library via the ES2015 import syntax (`import * as admin from "firebase-admin"`) to not work properly.
## Version 4.0.5 - January 17, 2017
* TypeScript support has been greatly improved. Typings for the Realtime Database are now available and all other known issues with incorrect or incomplete type information have been resolved.
### Initialization
* Fixed an issue which caused the SDK to appear to hang when provided with a credential that generated invalid access tokens. The most common cause of this was using a credential whose access had been revoked. Now, an error will be logged to the console in this scenario.
### Authentication
* The error message for an `auth/internal-error` error now includes the raw server response to more easily debug and track down unhandled errors.
* Fixed an issue that caused an `auth/internal-error` error to be thrown when calling `getUser()` or `getUserByEmail()` for a user without a creation date.
* Fixed an issue which caused an `auth/internal-error` error to be thrown when calling `createUser()` with an email that corresponds to an existing user.
* Fixed an issue which caused an `auth/internal-error` error to be thrown when calling Authentication methods with a credential with insufficient permission. Now, an `auth/insufficient-permission` error will be thrown instead.
## Version 4.0.4 - December 6, 2016
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue that caused several Authentication methods to throw an error when provided with inputs containing Unicode characters.
## Version 4.0.3 - November 21, 2016
### Initialization
* Fixed an issue that caused a `null` value for the `databaseAuthVariableOverride` property to be ignored when passed as part of the first argument to `initializeApp()`, which caused the app to still have full admin access. Now, passing this value has the expected behavior: the app has unauthenticated access to the Realtime Database, and behaves as if no user is logged into the app.
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue that caused an `auth/invalid-uid` error to be thrown for valid `uid` values passed to several Authentication methods.
## Version 4.0.2 - November 15, 2016
* Improved error messages throughout the Admin Node.js SDK.
* Upgraded dependencies so that the Admin Node.js SDK no longer throws warnings for using deprecated `Buffer` APIs in Node.js `7.x.x`.
## Version 4.0.1 - November 9, 2016
* Fixed issue which caused the `4.0.0` release to not include the `README.md` and `npm-shrinkwrap.json` files.
## Version 4.0.0 - November 7, 2016
* The Admin Node.js SDK (available on npm as `firebase-admin`) is a new SDK which replaces and expands the admin capabilities of the standard `firebase` npm module. See Add the Firebase Admin SDK to your Server to get started.
* This version does not include the `README.md` and `npm-shrinkwrap.json` files. This was fixed in version `4.0.1`.
### Initialization
* The `serviceAccount` property of the options passed as the first argument to `initializeApp()` has been deprecated in favor of a new `credential` property. See Initialize the SDK for more details.
* The new `admin.credential.cert()` method allows you to authenticate the SDK with a service account key file.
* The new `admin.credential.refreshToken()` method allows you to authenticate the SDK with a Google OAuth2 refresh token.
* The new `admin.credential.applicationDefault()` method allows you to authenticate the SDK with Google Application Default Credentials.
### Authentication
* A new Admin API for managing your Firebase Authentication users is now available. This API lets you manage your users without using their existing credentials, and without worrying about client-side rate limiting. The new methods included in this API are `getUser()`, `getUserByEmail()`, `createUser()`, `updateUser()`, and `deleteUser()`. See Manage Users for more details.
* The `createCustomToken()` method is now asynchronous, returning a `Promise<string>` instead of a `string`.
Send feedback
Except as otherwise noted, the content of this page is licensed under the
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License, and code samples are licensed under
the Apache 2.0 License. For details, see the Google Developers Site Policies.
Java is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Last updated 2023-02-08 UTC.
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## Contents
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* (Top)
* 1Meteorological history
* 2Impact
* 2.1Western Bay of Bengal
* 2.2Myanmar
* 3Aftermath
* 3.1International relief
* 3.1.1Bangladesh
* 3.1.2India
* 3.1.3Italy
* 3.1.4Malaysia
* 3.1.5Thailand
* 3.1.6United Kingdom
* 3.1.7United States
* 3.1.8Other relief efforts
* 4Burma controversy
* 4.1Military junta's blockade of aid
* 4.2Uninterrupted referendum
* 4.3Aid distribution controversy
* 4.4Activists respond to the blockade of aid
* 5Records
* 6Private relief
* 6.1Impact on rice supplies
* 7Update
* 8See also
* 9Notes
* 10References
* 11Further reading
* 12External links
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# Cyclone Nargis
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
North Indian Ocean cyclone in 2008
Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm NargisExtremely severe cyclonic storm (IMD
scale)
Category 4 tropical cyclone (SSHWS)
Nargis 01 may 2008 0440Z.jpg
Nargis near peak intensity approaching landfall in Myanmar on May 2
Formed27 April 2008
Dissipated3 May 2008
Highest winds3-minute sustained: 165 km/h (105 mph)
1-minute sustained: 215 km/h (130 mph)
Lowest pressure962 hPa (mbar); 28.41 inHg
Fatalities138,373 total
(Fifth-deadliest tropical cyclone on record)
Damage$12.9 billion (2008 USD)
(Second costliest cyclone recorded in the Indian Ocean)
Areas affectedBangladesh, Myanmar, India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Laos, China
Part of the 2008 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm Nargis (Burmese: နာဂစ်, Urdu: نرگس [ˈnərɡɪs])
was an extremely destructive and deadly tropical cyclone that caused the worst
natural disaster in the recorded history of Myanmar during early May 2008.[1]
The cyclone made landfall in Myanmar on Friday, 2 May 2008, sending a storm
surge 40 kilometres up the densely populated Irrawaddy delta, causing
catastrophic destruction and at least 138,373 fatalities.[2][3][4] The Labutta
Township alone was reported to have 80,000 dead, with about 10,000 more deaths
in Bogale. There were around 55,000 people missing and many other deaths were
found in other towns and areas, although the Myanmar government's official
death toll may have been under-reported, and there have been allegations that
government officials stopped updating the death toll after 138,000 to minimise
political fallout. The feared 'second wave' of fatalities from disease and
lack of relief efforts never materialised.[5] Damage was at $12 billion,
making Nargis the costliest tropical cyclone on record in the North Indian
Ocean at the time,[6] before that record was broken by Cyclone Amphan in
2020.[7][8][9]
The first named storm of the 2008 North Indian Ocean cyclone season, Nargis
developed on 27 April in the central area of Bay of Bengal. Initially, the
storm tracked slowly northwestward, and encountering favourable conditions, it
quickly strengthened. Dry air weakened the cyclone on 29 April, though after
beginning a steady eastward motion, Nargis rapidly intensified to attain peak
winds of at least 165 km/h (105 mph) on 2 May, according to IMD observations;
the JTWC assessed peak winds of 215 km/h (135 mph), making it a weak Category
4 cyclone on the SSHWS. The cyclone moved ashore in the Ayeyarwady Division of
Myanmar at peak intensity and, after passing near the major city of Yangon
(Rangoon), the storm gradually weakened until dissipating near the border of
Myanmar and Thailand.[citation needed]
Nargis is the deadliest named cyclone in the North Indian Ocean Basin, as well
as the second-deadliest named cyclone of all time, behind Typhoon Nina of
1975. Including unnamed storms like the 1970 Bhola cyclone, Nargis is the
fifth-deadliest cyclone of all time, but an uncertainty between the deaths
caused by Nargis and those caused by other cyclones (like the 1991 Bangladesh
cyclone), could put Nargis as fourth-deadliest or higher, because the exact
death toll is uncertain. Nargis was the first tropical cyclone to strike the
country since Cyclone Mala made landfall in 2006, which was slightly stronger,
but had a significantly lower impact. According to reports, Indian authorities
had warned Myanmar about the danger that Cyclone Nargis posed 48 hours before
it hit the country's coast.[citation needed]
Relief efforts were slowed for political reasons as Myanmar's military rulers
initially resisted large-scale international aid. US President George W. Bush
said that an angry world should condemn the way Myanmar's military rulers were
handling the aftermath of such a catastrophic cyclone.[10] Myanmar's military
junta finally accepted aid a few days after India's request was accepted.[11]
Hampering the relief efforts, only ten days after the cyclone, the 2008
Sichuan earthquake occurred nearby and measured 7.9 in magnitude, taking
87,476 lives[12] and causing US$150 billion in damage in the process, making
it the costliest disaster in Chinese history and third-costliest disaster ever
known. Furthermore, some donated aid items were found to be available in the
country's black market, and Myanmar's junta warned on 15 May that legal action
would be taken against people who traded or hoarded international aid.
## Meteorological history[edit]
Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson
scale
Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
Unknown
Storm type
circle Tropical cyclone
square Subtropical cyclone
triangle Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon
depression
Towards the end of April 2008, the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone over the
Indian Ocean became very active, with a tropical disturbance developing under
its influence during 25 April.[13][14] Over the next couple of days, the
disturbance gradually developed further within an area of low vertical wind
shear, before it was classified as a depression by the India Meteorological
Department early on 27 April.[13] Initially, the depression moved westward and
was classified as a deep depression by the IMD, before the United States Joint
Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) initiated advisories and classified the storm as
Tropical Cyclone 01B later that day.[13][15] The system subsequently started
to move north-westwards under the steering influence of an anticyclone and an
upper-level ridge of high pressure.[13][16]
At 0000 UTC, 5:30 AM Indian Standard Time, on 28 April, the IMD upgraded the
system to Cyclonic Storm Nargis, while it was located about 550 km (340 mi)
east of Chennai, India.[17]
On 28 April, Nargis became nearly stationary, while situated between high-
pressure ridges to its northwest and southeast. That same day, the JTWC
upgraded the storm to cyclone status, the equivalent of a minimal Category 1
hurricane on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane scale.[14] Around the same time, the
IMD upgraded Nargis to a severe cyclonic storm.[18] The cyclone developed a
concentric eye feature, which is an eyewall outside another eyewall,[19] with
warm waters aiding in further intensification.[20] Early on 29 April, the JTWC
estimated Nargis reached winds of 160 km/h (100 mph),[21] and at the same
time, the IMD classified the system as a very severe cyclonic storm.[22]
Initially, the cyclone was forecast to strike Bangladesh or southeastern
India.[23][24] Subsequently, the cyclone became disorganised and weakened due
to subsidence and drier air; as a result, deep convection near the center
markedly decreased. At the same time, the storm began a motion to the
northeast, around the periphery of a ridge to its southeast.[25] The
circulation remained strong despite the diminishing convection, though
satellite intensity estimates using the Dvorak technique indicated the cyclone
could have weakened to tropical storm status.[26] By late on 29 April,
convection had begun to rebuild,[27] though immediate restrengthening was
prevented by increased wind shear.[28]
Conditions in Myanmar as Nargis made landfall
On 1 May 2008, after turning nearly due eastward, Cyclone Nargis began rapidly
intensifying, due to greatly improved outflow aided by an approaching upper-
level trough.[29] Strengthening continued as Nargis developed a well-defined
eye with a diameter of 19 km (12 mi), and early on 2 May, the JTWC estimated
that the cyclone reached peak 1-minute winds of 215 km/h (135 mph), as it
approached the coast of Myanmar, making it a Category 4 storm.[30] At the same
time, the IMD assessed Nargis as attaining peak 3-minute sustained winds of
165 km/h (105 mph).[31] Around 1200 UTC on 2 May, Cyclone Nargis made landfall
in the Ayeyarwady Division of Myanmar at peak strength.[32] The storm
gradually weakened as it proceeded east over Myanmar, with its proximity to
the Andaman Sea preventing rapid weakening. Its track turned to the northeast
due to the approach of a mid-latitude trough to its northwest, passing just
north of Yangon with winds of 130 km/h (80 mph).[33] Early on 3 May, the IMD
issued its final advisory on the storm.[34] Nargis quickly weakened after
turning to the northeast, toward the rugged terrain near the Myanmar–Thailand
border, and after deteriorating to minimal tropical storm status, the JTWC
issued its last advisory on Nargis.[35]
## Impact[edit]
Deadliest Tropical Cyclones since 1900 Rank Name/Year Region Fatalities
1 Bhola 1970 Bangladesh 300,000
2 Bangladesh 1991 Bangladesh 138,866
3 Nargis 2008 Myanmar 138,373
4 Unnamed 1911 Bangladesh 120,000
5 Unnamed 1917 Bangladesh 70,000
6 Harriet 1962 Thailand, Bangladesh 50,935
7 Unnamed 1919 Bangladesh 40,000
8 Unnamed 1917 Bangladesh 70,000
9 Nina 1975 China 26,000
10 Unnamed 1958 Bangladesh 12,000
Unnamed 1965 Bangladesh
Sources: NOAA, MDR[36][37]
### Western Bay of Bengal[edit]
Rainfall rate from cyclone Nargis over Western Bay of Bengal, as measured by
the TRMM.
On 27 and 28 April, the cyclone enhanced the South-West Monsoon over Sri
Lanka, which resulted in very heavy rain, flooding, and landslides being
reported within the Western, Sabaragamuwa and Southern provinces.[38][39] The
districts of Ratnapura and Kegalle were the most affected, where more than
3,000 families were displaced.[39] Thousands of houses were flooded, with 21
reported destroyed. The rainfall left 4,500 people homeless, and more than
35,000 people were affected on the island.[39][40] Three people were reported
injured on the island, while two were reported dead.[39]
Damaged boats after Cyclone Nargis
The India Meteorological Department recommended that fishermen should not sail
on the ocean during the passage of Nargis. Strong waves and gusty winds were
expected along the Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh coastline in India.[17]
Additionally, the influence of the cyclone lowered temperatures along the
Indian coastline, which had been affected by a severe heat wave.[41]
When the cyclone was originally expected to strike near Bangladesh, officials
requested farmers to hurriedly finish harvesting the rice crop. At the time,
the country was experiencing severe food shortages from Cyclone Sidr in the
previous year and flooding earlier in the year, and a direct strike from
Nargis would have resulted in destroyed crops due to strong winds.[42]
### Myanmar[edit]
Satellite photography of the Irrawaddy Delta before (top) and after (bottom)
Nargis hit the area.
Topographic map of the region of Burma affected by Cyclone Nargis. The low-
lying Irrawaddy Delta was the hardest hit.
The United Nations estimated that 1.5 million people were "severely affected"
by Nargis.[43] Estimates of the people missing were 53,836, with 84,537
confirmed dead.[3] Some NGOs estimated that the final death toll would be over
100,000.[44] At least 10,000 people were reported to have perished in the
delta town of Bogale alone.[45]
Nargis was the deadliest tropical cyclone in the North Indian Ocean since the
1991 Bangladesh cyclone, which killed at least 138,866 people. One aid worker
claimed that the death toll from the cyclone and its aftermath might reach
300,000; if correct, Nargis was the second-deadliest cyclone ever and the
fifth-deadliest natural disaster of the 20th century, after the 1931 China
floods. Other more deadly natural disasters include the 1887 Yellow River
flood, the 1556 Shaanxi earthquake, and the 1970 Bhola cyclone in
Bangladesh.[46]
Myanmar's military leaders did not count the full death toll from Nargis
(leaving the area shortly after it hit), and this led to initial uncertainty
about the scale of the disaster. The final death toll from Nargis was at least
146,000, because there were 90,000 people confirmed dead at one point and
56,000 were missing. They were never found, so it was assumed that these
56,000 people were killed. Thus, its death toll would exceed that of the 1991
storm and make it the deadliest since the 1970 storm. It is now thought that
hundreds of thousands of people will never be found after Nargis because their
bodies have decayed, been buried, or were washed out to sea.[47]
Andrew Kirkwood, country director of the British charity Save The Children,
stated: "We're looking at 50,000 dead and millions of homeless, I'd
characterise it as unprecedented in the history of Myanmar and on an order of
magnitude with the effect of the [2004] tsunami on individual countries. There
might well be more dead than the tsunami caused in Sri Lanka."[48] Foreign aid
workers estimated that 2 million to 3 million were homeless, often going to
one of 260,000 refugee camps in Myanmar. It was likely the worst disaster in
Myanmar's history, and the total damages were comparable to that of the 2004
Indian Ocean tsunami.[49]
Thousands of buildings were destroyed; in the town of Labutta, in the
Ayeyarwady Division, state television reported that 75 percent of buildings
had collapsed and 20 percent had their roofs ripped off.[50] One report
indicated that 95 percent of buildings in the Irrawaddy Delta area were
destroyed.[51] The Ministry of Religious Affairs stated that 1,163 temples
were destroyed in Ayeyarwady Division and 284 in Yangon Division.[52]
The Burmese government formally declared five regions—Yangon, Ayeyarwady, Bago
Divisions and Mon and Kayin States— as disaster areas.[citation needed]
A United Nations official commented as follows: "It's a bad situation. Almost
all the houses are smashed. People are in a terrible situation." Another UN
official said that "The Irrawaddy delta was hit extremely hard not only
because of the wind and rain but because of the storm surge." Burst sewage
mains caused the landscape to flood with waste, ruining the rice crop.[53]
The Daily Telegraph (UK) reported that food prices in Myanmar could be
affected.[54] Woradet Wirawekhin (th: วรเดช วีระเวคิน), deputy director
general of Thailand's Department of Information, Ministry of Foreign Affairs,
stated on 7 May 2008 that, in reference to a report submitted by Bansan Bunnak
(th: บรรสาน บุนนาค), the Thai ambassador in Yangon, conditions in the city had
deteriorated and that most businesses and markets were closed. Mr. Wirawekhin
also reported that the locals faced even more adversity in basic subsistence,
because local food prices had increased two- or threefold.[55]
## Aftermath[edit]
The most affected and most populous division of Myanmar, Ayeyarwady
### International relief[edit]
On 6 May 2008, the Burmese government representation in New York City formally
asked the United Nations for help, but in other ways it remained resistant to
the most basic assistance.[48] On 7 May 2008, the government of Myanmar had
not officially endorsed international assistance, but stated that they were,
"willing to accept international assistance, preferably bilateral, government
to government." The biggest challenge was obtaining visas for entry into the
country.[citation needed]
According to Thai Rath Newspaper of Thailand on 8 May 2008,[56] in the
afternoon (Bangkok time) of 7 May 2008, the Burmese junta permitted Italian
flights containing relief supplies from the United Nations, and twenty-five
tonnes of consumable goods, to land in Myanmar. However, many nations and
organisations hoped to deliver assistance and relief to Myanmar without delay;
most of their officials, supplies and stores were waiting in Thailand and at
the Yangon airport, as the Burmese junta declined to issue visas for many of
those individuals. These political tensions raised the concern that some food
and medical supplies might become unusable, even before the Burmese junta
officially accepted the international relief effort.[citation needed]
#### Bangladesh[edit]
Bangladesh, which has had experience with cyclones in the past, was one of the
first countries to supply aid to Myanmar in the aftermath of Cyclone Nargis.
Two planes carrying aid, organised by the Bangladesh Army, were sent to
Myanmar on 8 May 2008. They carried stockpiles of emergency aid and hundreds
of aid workers with experience in coping with the aftermath of a cyclone.[57]
#### India[edit]
India, one of the few countries which maintains close relations with Myanmar,
launched Operation Sahayata[58] under which two Indian Navy ships and two
Indian Air Force (IAF) aircraft supplied the first international relief
material to the cyclone-hit country.[59] The two aircraft carried 4 tonnes of
relief supplies each while the Indian Navy transported more than 100 tonnes of
relief material.[60] On 8 May, the IAF dispatched its third air consignment
carrying over 32 tonnes of relief material including tents, blankets and
medicines.[61] India planned to send more aid to Burma.[62] In a separate
development, Burma denied Indian search and rescue teams and media access to
critical cyclone-hit areas.[63] India released a statement saying it had
requested Burma to accept international aid especially that from the United
States,[64] to which Burma agreed.[65][66] According to various reports,
Indian authorities had warned Burma about the danger that Cyclone Nargis posed
48 hours before it hit the country's coast.[67] As of 16 May 2008, India's
offer to send a team of 50 medical personnel to set up two independent mini-
hospitals in the Irrawaddy delta was accepted by the Burmese government.[68]
An aircraft carrying the team of doctors was being prepared at Delhi's Palam
Air Force Base.[69]
#### Italy[edit]
Italy provided €465,000 (about $732,282) worth of aid in the form of 30 tons
of emergency relief equipment, such as stretchers, generators, and water
purifiers in a flight organised by the World Food Program (WFP). The flight
arrived in Yangon on 8 May. This was the first aid flight from a Western
nation, preceded only by aid from Thailand.[70][71]
In addition to this aid, the Italian government provided €500,000 through the
WFP and €500,000 through funding to relief agencies through the UN. An
additional €123,000 was provided through the Red Cross, as well as €300,000
worth of further financing for emergency equipment.[citation needed]
#### Malaysia[edit]
Mercy Malaysia also trained 180 doctors from the Myanmar Medical Association
in Yangon for deployment in the Irrawaddy Delta.[72] RM 1.8 mil was collected
for victims of Myanmar's cyclone victims through The Star Myanmar Relief Fund
and handed to Mercy Malaysia executive council member Dr Ahmad Faizal
Perdaus.[73] A second Malaysian Red Crescent Society (MRCS) disaster relief
team was sent to Myanmar on 21 May 2008.[citation needed]
#### Thailand[edit]
Thailand sent US$100,000 in supplies, thirty tonnes of medical supplies and
twelve tonnes of food supplies from Thai Red Cross. Additionally, Chaiya
Sasomsap, Minister of Public Health of Thailand, stated that the Government
had already sent medical supplies valued more than one billion baht ($31.3
million) to Myanmar. Furthermore, the Government of Thailand dispatched, upon
the permission of the Burmese junta, twenty medical teams and twenty quick
communicable disease suppression units. Samak Sundaravej stated that "if
Myanmar gives the green light allowing us to help, our Air Force will provide
C-130 aircraft to carry our teams there. This should not be precipitately
carried out, it has to have the permission of their government."[74] On 7 May
2008, those units, with their subordinate aeroplanes, were permitted to land
in Yangon, carrying drinking water and construction material.[75]
#### United Kingdom[edit]
One of the largest sums was donated by the United Kingdom which committed £17
million (approx US$33.5 million).[76] The UK's Department for International
Development sent an international relief team to help with the co-ordination
of the international relief effort. Another team from the same department was
also on the ground inside Myanmar.[77] The Royal Navy dispatched HMS
Westminster to the area to assist. This ship was part of the Orion 08 group
deployment but was detached on a contingency tasking. This mission was
codenamed Operation Songster. Prime Minister Gordon Brown remained extremely
critical of the Burmese régime and had not ruled out violating Burmese
sovereignty by carrying out "forced airdrops" to deliver aid.[78]
#### United States[edit]
US Air Force personnel deliver relief supplies to Myanmar
On 5 May, US Chargé d'affaires in Myanmar Shari Villarosa declared a disaster
due to the effects of Cyclone Nargis. In response, the US Agency for
International Development (USAID) deployed a Disaster Assistance Response Team
(DART) and immediately provided $2 million to UNICEF, WFP, and the Office of
the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) for emergency food,
water and sanitation, and shelter assistance.[citation needed]
On 6 May, an additional $3 million from USAID was allocated for the provision
of emergency relief assistance, including $1 million to the American Red Cross
and $2 million for NGO partners and on 12 May, USAID Administrator Henrietta
H. Fore announced $13 million in food aid and logistics assistance through the
World Food Programme.[citation needed]
From 12 to 20 May, USAID and the US Department of Defense (DOD) coordinated
the delivery of nearly $1.2 million of US relief commodities to Rangoon on 185
DOD C-130 flights. The relief supplies would provide assistance to more than
113,000 beneficiaries. The DOD efforts were under the direction of Joint Task
Force Caring Response.[79]
As of 26 June 2008, United States assistance had totalled $41,169,769 and
continued to be directed by the USAID DART stationed in Thailand.[80]
#### Other relief efforts[edit]
On 15 May, the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian
Affairs (OCHA) launched the Burmese HIC website. The purpose of the site was
to improve information exchange and collaboration between operational agencies
responding to Cyclone Nargis. Based in Bangkok, the HIC was providing support
to the Humanitarian Partnership Team and other humanitarian partners in
Yangon, as well as those based in Bangkok.[citation needed]
By 8 May 2008, the Foundation for the People of Burma had a team on the ground
in Rangoon and beyond providing direct assistance to thousands of refugees.
Since this organisation was administered by Buddhist volunteers and already
had tacit permission from the Burmese government, all donations went directly
for supplies.[citation needed]
A destroyed house in Yangon
The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies had
pledged $189,000 for relief.[81] The federation had also launched an appeal of
a further CHF73.9 million.[82] Red Cross spokesman Matt Cochrane said that
cyclone survivors needed everything. They needed emergency shelter to keep
them dry, including food supplies. He said stagnant waters were a perfect
breeding ground for the malaria mosquito, so insecticide-treated nets were
needed.[83] The Red Cross suffered a setback when a boat carrying supplies
sank when it hit a submerged tree. Everyone aboard survived, but most of the
cargo was lost.[84] Ten Red Cross/Red Crescent relief flights carrying medical
and shelter supplies were due to land in Yangon on 12 May.[85]
Trocaire has been active in Myanmar since 1995 and were the first Irish aid
agency to gain access after Cyclone Nargis. Relief work has been conducted
mainly through local partners and membership of the international federation
Caritas Internationalis. Trocaire had appealed for the focus of humanitarian
work in Myanmar not to be lost in the wake of China's more recent
earthquake.[86]
Save the Children, one of the few agencies allowed to work in Myanmar, said
the toll would likely sharply grow in the next few days as help reached
isolated areas.[87] On 18 May, it announced that it believed that thirty
thousand children younger than five were already facing malnutrition and could
starve in under a month if food did not reach them.[88]
Médecins Sans Frontières landed a plane of 40 tons of relief and medical
supplies in Rangoon. After clearing customs the supplies were transferred to
local MSF warehouses. They have approximately 200 workers in the region, many
of whom have been involved in long-term projects there and were already in the
region.[89]
World Vision launched a US$3 million appeal and sought to get international
aid into the country. Staff on the ground were working to distribute food,
water and other non-food items while WV Myanmar managers sought approval from
the government to work in the worst affected areas and to bring in aid from
outside.[90]
Local NGOs also responded to the emergency, many adapting from human-rights or
women's focuses to humanitarian emergency relief.[91]
Country Contribution[92]
Association of Southeast Asian Nations An assessment team and 30 medical
personnel per country.[93]
Australia A$25 million (US$23.5 million)[94] and 31 tonnes of supplies.[95]
Bangladesh 20 tonnes of food, medicine
Belgium €250,000 (US$387,000) and €100,000 from Flanders
Brazil Zinc roofing tiles, canvas tents and first aid items.
Brunei Relief materials[96]
Cambodia ៛ 193,120,000[97]
Canada Up to US$2 million in emergency relief, $500,000 of which is for the
Red Cross, Disaster Assistance Response Team (DART) is on standby; additional
aid to come[98]
China US$10 million in aid and relief materials (including 3 flights using
Jade Cargo each consisting of 60 tonnes of aid)[99]
Czech Republic US$154,000
Denmark US$2.1 million[100]
European Union US$3.0 million
Estonia US$51,200
Finland €300,000 (US$464,000)[101]
France 1,500 tons of medicine, food, and water;[84] US$775,000
Germany US$3.0 million
Greece US$200,000, medicine and humanitarian aid[102]
Hungary Ft48,903,000 (US$300,000), medicine, food, humanitarian aid
India More than 178 tonnes of relief materials; tents, food supplies,
medicines. A team of 50 medical personnel was sent to set up hospitals in the
Irrawaddy delta.[69][68]
Indonesia Rp 9,212,300,000 (US$1 million) in cash and other aids in foods and
medicines
Ireland €1,000,000 (US$1,550,000)
Israel US$100,000, food and medical supplies by private organisations
Italy €1,500,000 (US$2,250,000)[103]
Japan JPY ¥28 million in tents and generators = US$267,000; US$10 million
through UN World Food Program & US$570,000 pledged assistance[104]
Laos ₭171,540,000 (US$20,000) worth of food[105]
Lithuania Lithuanian government donated Lt200,000 ($90,000) to Red Cross.[106]
Malaysia RM12,965,800 (US$4,100,000)
North Macedonia ден1,964,000 (US$50,000)[107]
Netherlands €1,000,000 (US$1,550,000)
New Zealand NZ$3.5 million[108]
Norway Up to US$1.96 million[109]
Pakistan Relief materials and setting up of a mobile hospital in the affected
region upon approval of Burmese government.[110]
Philippines Medical workers and US$3,000,000 and relief goods in cash and
C-130 Hecules with Aid[111]
Russia 80 tonnes of food (US$ ~5,500,000 for 30 tonnes of grain delievered in
October 2015[a]), generators, medicine, tents and blankets[112]
San Marino €30,000[113]
Serbia Relief materials, medicines and medical supply.[114]
Singapore US$200,000[115]
Spain US$775,000 donation to World Food Programme
Sri Lanka US$100,000 plus food and assistance of medical workers
Sweden Logistical support and water cleaning systems
Switzerland US$475,000 (initial)
Taiwan (R.O.C.) US$200,000
Thailand US$100,000, food and medical supplies (initial)[116]
Turkey US$1,000,000 from Ministry of Foreign Affairs, US$600,000 from Turkish
Red Crescent[117]
Ukraine 40 tonnes of medicine, tents and blankets[118]
United Kingdom £45 million committed (US$73.5 million at 7 November 2008,
exchange rate),[119] HMS Westminster[120]
United States US$196 million (2008–2012)[121]
Vietnam ₫3,195,000,000 (US$200,000)
## Burma controversy[edit]
### Military junta's blockade of aid[edit]
In the days after the storm, the junta pursued a CNN reporter covering the
effects of the storm. The reporter was eventually forced to leave the country
out of fear of being imprisoned.[122]
On 9 May 2008, the junta officially declared that their acceptance of
international aid relief would be limited to food, medicines and other
supplies as well as financial aid, but would not allow additional foreign aid
workers or military units to operate in the country. Samak Sundaravej, Prime
Minister of Thailand, stated that, following the request of Eric G. John, US
Ambassador to Thailand, he would visit Myanmar on 11 May to urge the junta to
open the country. Quinton Quayle, UK Ambassador to Thailand, later remarked
that he would also join Sundaravej.[123] However, the junta immediately
replied that it was not willing to welcome anyone at this time. Sundaravej
said that he would still submit the mediating letter to the junta without
delay.[124]
The delays had attracted international condemnation. Also, on 9 May in
Bangkok, Richard Horsey, spokesperson of the United Nations, urged Myanmar to
accept a full scale international relief effort.[125] United Nations Secretary
General Ban Ki-moon urged the junta to allow aid in "without hindrance". Ban's
comments came after the World Food Programme resumed food aid after two
shipments of high energy biscuits were stolen by the military.[126] The House
of Commons of Canada condemned the Burmese government's response in a
resolution passed unanimously on 9 May 2008.[98] Oxfam International's
regional chief Sarah Ireland warned that 1.5 million face death if they did
not get clean water and sanitation soon: "It's really crucial that people get
access to clean water sources and sanitation to avoid unnecessary deaths and
suffering."[127] Myanmar's government seemed unaware of the scope of the death
and destruction Cyclone Nargis wrought on the country more than a week ago, it
was reported 13 May 2008.[128] Some critics were even suggesting genocide
since the Burmese government had deliberately denied storm victims aid,
allowing for hundreds of thousands to potentially die from starvation,
exposure, and disease.[129]
On 16 May 2008, the Burmese UN ambassador accused France of deploying a
warship to the Burmese coast. The French UN ambassador denied the LHD
Mistral[citation needed] was a warship, and claimed Myanmar's refusal to allow
increased aid into the country "could lead to a true crime against humanity."
France stated the ship in question was carrying 1,500 tons of relief
supplies.[130] UK Prime Minister Gordon Brown accused the ruling junta of
allowing the disaster to grow into a "man-made catastrophe" through its
failure to act. He also rebuked the junta as being guilty of inhuman
actions.[131]
On 19 May, Myanmar agreed to allow aid from members of the Association of
South-East Asian Nations (ASEAN) to enter. The decision came after an
emergency ASEAN summit. The aid would start arriving 21 May. Ban Ki-moon would
probably visit the country the same day to "accelerate relief efforts".[93]
That day, Ban announced that Myanmar was going to "allow all aid workers
regardless of nationality" to enter, although ships and helicopters were still
not expected to be allowed. The announcement came after Ban had met with junta
leader General Than Shwe for over two hours. Organizations welcoming the
announcement included World Vision, the World Food Programme, and the
International Rescue Committee.[132]
On 23 May, negotiations between UN Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon and Than Shwe
resulted in the opening of Myanmar to aid workers, regardless of nationality.
Myanmar's government was still staunchly opposed to the presence of military
units in the country, only allowing dedicated relief workers.[133] On 5 June,
a USS Essex-led American carrier group full of aid left the Burmese coast
after being denied entry for several weeks, taking its aid back
undelivered.[134]
On 27 May, to complicate world opinion and in contrast to numerous and varied
accounts from international relief organisations, the Burmese junta praised
U.N. aid.[135]
On 5 June 2008, Amnesty International released a report saying that at least
thirty people had been evicted from refugee camps. The report also indicated
that the military was horse-trading aid for physical labour.[134]
### Uninterrupted referendum[edit]
Main article: 2008 Burmese constitutional referendum
Despite objections raised by the Burmese opposition parties and foreign
nations in the wake of the natural disaster, the junta proceeded with a
previously scheduled (10 May 2008) constitutional referendum. Voting however
was postponed until 24 May 2008 in Yangon and other areas hardest hit by the
storm.[136]
On 8 May 2008, about thirty protesters assembled before Myanmar's embassy in
Manila, Philippines, demanding that the junta defer voting on the referendum
and immediately accept international relief. The Philippine protesters
delivered the statement that "this time is not the time for politics, but it
is the time to save people." The United States Government also demanded that
the United Nations not endorse the referendum. Aung San Suu Kyi, leader of the
Burmese opposition, also stated that holding a vote for the referendum during
this disaster would be a consummately unacceptable act.[56] About 500 Burmese
activists demonstrated on 10 May outside their country's embassy in Kuala
Lumpur, Malaysia, demanding that Burma's military regime call off its
constitutional referendum even as voting began despite a devastating
cyclone.[137]
In a public poll conducted throughout Myanmar on 9 May 2008 by Mizzima, a
Myanmar news agency, 64% of those surveyed still intended to vote in the
referendum. However, 71% did not know what the constitution was, and 52% had
not yet decided whether they would vote to support or oppose it.[138]
### Aid distribution controversy[edit]
AP news stories stated that foreign aid provided to disaster victims was
modified to make it look like it came from the military regime, and state-run
television continuously ran images of General Than Shwe ceremonially handing
out disaster relief.[139]
More than a week after the disaster, only one out of 10 people who were
homeless, injured or threatened by disease and hunger had received some kind
of aid.[139] More than two weeks later, relief had only reached 25 percent of
people in need.[140]
Nine days after the cyclone, the military government was still refusing to
grant visas and access for aid workers into the area. The UN called for an air
or sea corridor to be opened to channel large amounts of aid,[141] and HMS
Westminster was sent to the area, alongside French and United States military
assets.[142]
### Activists respond to the blockade of aid[edit]
A Facebook.com page called Support the Relief Efforts for Burma (Myanmar)
Cyclone Disaster Victims with 10,000 members used its members to organise a
Global Day Of Action for Burma on 17 May 2008.[143] with the help of Burma
Global Action Network, Burma Campaign UK, Canadian Friends of Burma, the US
Campaign for Burma, Info Birmanie, as well as countless local partners, a
Global Day of Action for Burma a call for Humanitarian Intervention was held
on 17 May 2008, in cities worldwide. An apparent response to the junta's
blockade of aid to the Cyclone Nargis victims, the international community
called for a humanitarian corridor to get aid into the hardest hit areas of
Myanmar.[144]
## Records[edit]
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adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and
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Nargis set many records for its death toll and its damage. In addition, when
Nargis reached Category 4 on the SSHS on 2 May, it marked the only time that a
Category 4 storm had formed in this basin for three consecutive years:
starting with Mala (2006), going into 2007 with Sidr and Gonu, and ending with
Nargis. It was the costliest storm in the Indian Ocean cyclone basin in
recorded history at the time; it was eventually surpassed by Cyclone Amphan in
2020.
The exact death toll from Nargis will likely never be known, but it was most
likely one of the deadliest tropical cyclones in recorded history, in fact,
Nargis is the deadliest tropical cyclone of the 3rd millennium to date.
## Private relief[edit]
Several international organisations were approved to support relief efforts
within the country:
* Adventist Development and Relief Agency (ADRA) assisted survivors in the severely-affected Irrawaddy Delta by providing food aid, access to water, medical assistance, kitchen kits, and other necessary relief.
* The Aidmatrix Foundation provided an online co-ordination portal connecting businesses, groups and individuals wishing to offer products, services, or financial contributions.[145]
* The American Jewish World Service provided emergency support to local organisations responding to immediate needs.
* Architecture for Humanity provided long-term support for sustainable reconstruction of housing, schools, clinics and other critical infrastructure.
* Giving Children Hope sent emergency supplies to local partner organisations.[146]
* CARE had offices in Yangon that were damaged.[147]
* Italian aid organisation Cesvi operated in over 40 villages in the Dedaye Township.
* Chevron Corporation contributed US$2 million, of which half went to the International Federation of the Red Cross and the other half was allocated to four other organisations: the International Organization for Migration, Mercy Corps, Pact and Save the Children.[148]
* The Church World Service worked with the Myanmar Council of Churches on the relief effort.
* Direct Relief worked with several local partner groups and organisations.[149]
* Doctors Without Borders/Médecins Sans Frontières had more than 200 aid workers responding on the ground.[150]
* GlobalGiving had several targeted relief projects with grassroots organisations already in Myanmar, including the International Medical Corps and CHF International.
* Baptist World Aid operated search, rescue and medical teams, and also prepared humanitarian relief and a special water purification and clean water packing (waterbags) unit.
* Hewlett-Packard Foundation made a donation of US$250,000 via the World Food Programme (WFP).
* Lutheran World Relief worked through the Church World Service.[151]
* LDS Church delivered several tonnes of food, blankets, and other supplies.
* LIRNEasia, an Asia Pacific-based telecom think tank made their donations through Lekadhikari of Amarapura nikaya, Sri Lanka.
* Mingalar Foundation, a Myanmar-based NGO, distributed food, clean water, shelter and medicine to 37,000+ unreached people (about 7,000 families) in 9 affected areas everyday, also accepting donations online with the help of Samui Island Hotels (USA/Thailand).
* Myanmar Red Cross appealed for help and is on the ground.[152]
* Proximity Designs distributed US$17.9 million in aid to 2.49 million people following the storm and continues to help farming families rebuild through cash-for-work infrastructure projects in 214 villages throughout the Irrawaddy Delta.
* Save the Children is "one of the largest non-governmental organizations at work in Myanmar" and has launched a full scale relief effort.[153]
* Sewa International has a network of volunteers and partner organisations active in the affected areas.
* ShelterBox Australian and other Rotary International bodies are assisting. ShelterBoxes started arriving on 10 May.[154]
* UNICEF is in country and has already provided relief supplies.[155]
* Unitarian Universalist Service Committee has joined with the Unitarian Universalist Association to launch a humanitarian relief fund to help survivors of the cyclone in Myanmar. The UUSC responds strategically to crises, especially when rights are threatened or when those in need are overlooked or neglected by traditional relief approaches.
* World Relief is working with partners in the Global Relief Alliance to bring vital aid to thousands in desperate need in the aftermath of the storm.
* World Vision has 600 staff on the ground.[156]
* Nargis Action Group Myanmar Egress was involved in disaster relief operations in 4 severely damaged townships in the Delta region. In so doing, Myanmar Egress collaborated with some business companies that have been granted permission by the authorities to undertake in the rescue and relief work in several storm-hit areas in the delta. Myanmar Egress engaged in all these disaster relief activities under the name of "Nargis Action Group Myanmar".
### Impact on rice supplies[edit]
The Irrawaddy Delta is such a fertile area for rice growing that it was known
as the "rice bowl" of the British Empire.[157] Production was high enough that
Myanmar could feed its citizens a high amount of rice (by the standards of
Asia) with enough left over to sell on the market. Since Nargis hit right
around harvest, a rice shortage and famine could result. The United Nations'
Food and Agriculture Organization estimated that Nargis impacted 65% of the
country's paddies. They feel that the situation would be "devastating... if
the recent disaster results in severe rice shortages." This might exacerbate
the crisis already occurring, but it could be partially alleviated if fall and
late summer harvests were good.[158] Myanmar had since appealed for aid to
assist with getting the rice planted, as its farmers had a 40- to 50-day
window of opportunity before the season's crop would be lost.[159] The Myanmar
government estimated losses of US$10 billion because of the cyclone.[160]
## Update[edit]
The UN Human Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT) reported the extent of the
international response to date as less than 7 percent of the actual needs for
shelter after 15 months, although emergency shelter relief efforts were well
funded. It estimated about 209,000 families had rebuilt their own homes alone
over the past year. Out of US$150 million requested for shelter repair and
reconstruction under the Post Nargis Recovery Plan (PONREPP) — a three-year
recovery strategy running to 2011 — only US$50 million had been received.[161]
## See also[edit]
* flagMyanmar portal
* Tropical cyclones portal
* Burma–Thailand relations
* 1970 Bhola cyclone – The deadliest tropical cyclone recorded worldwide
* Cyclone Giri
* Cyclone Mala
* Cyclone Komen
* Cyclone Mora
* List of tropical cyclones
* List of natural disasters by death toll
* Timeline of the 2008 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
* Tropical cyclones in Myanmar
## Notes[edit]
1. ^ In prices of one bushel at the time of delivery.
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133. ^ Kazmin, Amy (23 May 2008). "Burma to Admit All Aid Workers". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 26 May 2008.
134. ^ a b "Burmese junta forcing cyclone victims out of emergency camps: Amnesty". CBC News. 5 June 2008. Archived from the original on 29 December 2016. Retrieved 5 June 2008.
135. ^ Aung Hla Tun (27 May 2008). "Myanmar junta unmoved and extends Suu Kyi arrest". International Herald Tribune. Archived from the original on 28 May 2008.
136. ^ "Official: UN plane lands in Myanmar with aid after cyclone". Associated Press. 8 May 2008. Archived from the original on 6 March 2016.
137. ^ "Malaysia: Hundreds Of Activists Stage Protest In Malaysia Against Myanmar Referendum". Mysinchew.com. 10 May 2008. Archived from the original on 26 May 2008. Retrieved 10 May 2008.
138. ^ "Poll finds a divided and indecisive public on referendum". Mizzima. 9 May 2008. Archived from the original on 4 May 2008. Retrieved 9 May 2008.
139. ^ a b "Myanmar junta hands out aid boxes with generals' names". International Herald Tribune. Associated Press. 10 May 2008. Archived from the original on 6 July 2008. Retrieved 11 July 2008.
140. ^ "En route to Myanmar, Ban Ki-moon says he will meet leader in effort to boost aid". Un.org. 21 May 2008. Archived from the original on 25 May 2008. Retrieved 31 August 2013.
141. ^ "Asia-Pacific | UN calls for Burma aid corridor". BBC News. 13 May 2008. Archived from the original on 14 May 2008. Retrieved 31 August 2013.
142. ^ "UK | UK Politics | Brown seeks emergency Burma talks". BBC News. 14 May 2008. Archived from the original on 16 May 2008. Retrieved 31 August 2013.
143. ^ Wong, Kristina (14 May 2008). "ABC News 'Sneaking Cyclone News Out of Myanmar to Facebook'". Abcnews.go.com. Archived from the original on 16 May 2008. Retrieved 31 August 2013.
144. ^ "GLOBAL DAY OF ACTION FOR CYCLONE VICTIMS – SATURDAY 17TH MAY". Burma Campaign. 17 May 2008. Archived from the original on 28 March 2014.
145. ^ "MYANMAR CYCLONE RELIEF". The Aidmatrix Foundation. Archived from the original on 10 May 2008.
146. ^ "Myanmar Cyclone Nargis Relief". GC Hope. Archived from the original on 11 May 2008.
147. ^ "Tropical Cyclone Nargis Slams Myanmar – Donate Now". CARE.org. Archived from the original on 26 May 2008.
148. ^ "Chevron Contributes $2 million to Myanmar Cyclone Relief – FOXBusiness.com". Fox Business. Archived from the original on 17 May 2008. Retrieved 11 May 2008.
149. ^ "Emergency Preparedness and Response". Direct Relief. 30 August 2013. Archived from the original on 9 May 2008. Retrieved 31 August 2013.
150. ^ "First MSF Relief Plane Arrives in Myanmar (Burma)". 12 May 2008. Archived from the original on 16 August 2011.
151. ^ "Myanmar/Burma Cyclone - Emergencies - Disaster Response - Overview - Lutheran World Relief". Archived from the original on 21 May 2008. Retrieved 9 May 2008.
152. ^ "Disaster management Myanmar – Cyclone Nargis". International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies. Archived from the original on 9 May 2008.
153. ^ "Cyclone Nargis: Myanmar". Save the Children. Archived from the original on 2 September 2010. Retrieved 31 August 2013.
154. ^ Stewart, Ray. "NEWS UPDATE 8th MAY — BURMA". ShelterBox Australia. Archived from the original on 26 May 2008.
155. ^ Niles, Chris. "Myanmar, Republic of the Union of – UNICEF crisis response focuses on water and hygiene in aftermath of Cyclone Nargis". UNICEF. Archived from the original on 22 June 2008. Retrieved 31 August 2013.
156. ^ "MYANMAR: CYCLONE NARGIS 2008: 2 years on" (PDF). WorldVision. 2010. Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 March 2021.
157. ^ "The Irrawaddy Delta: Before the Cyclone". The Irrawaddy. 10 May 2008. Archived from the original on 13 May 2008.
158. ^ Aileen McCabe (10 May 2008). "Cyclone Heightens Rice Crisis". Vancouver Sun. p. A21.
159. ^ Amy Kazmin (16 May 2008). "Myanmar Seeks International Help in Getting Rice Crop Planted". Vancouver Sun. p. A12.
160. ^ Mydans, Seth; Alan Cowell (21 May 2008). "Myanmar to Allow Copters to Deliver Aid, U.N. Says". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 26 November 2022. Retrieved 20 May 2008.
161. ^ "Burma: Gimme Shelter". Mike Hitchen Online. 25 July 2009. Archived from the original on 16 July 2012. Retrieved 26 July 2009.
## Further reading[edit]
Larkin, Emma (2010). Everything is Broken: the Untold Story of Disaster under
Burma's Military Regime. Granta.
## External links[edit]
Wikinews has news related to:
Cyclone Nargis
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Send feedback
# Firebase JavaScript SDK Release Notes
Stay organized with collections Save and categorize content based on your
preferences.
To review release notes for the Firebase console and for other Firebase
platforms and related SDKs, refer to the Firebase Release Notes.
## Version 9.17.1 - February 3, 2023
* Moved `exports.default` fields to always be the last field. This fixes a bug introduced in 9.17.0 that prevented some bundlers and frameworks from building. For these build failures, the error text is: "Default condition should be last one".
## Version 9.17.0 - February 2, 2023
Caution: Version 9.17.0 contains a bug causing errors in build tools that use
the `exports` field in `package.json`. If you are seeing an error with the
text "Default condition should be last one", upgrade to version 9.17.1 or
later.
* Added browser CJS entry points (expected by Jest when using JSDOM mode). See Github PR #6981.
### Authentication
* Exposed `TOKEN_EXPIRED` error when multi-factor authentication (MFA) unenroll logs out the user. See Github PR #6973.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed issue where hostname set by `connectDatabaseEmulator` was being overridden by longpolling response. See Github issue #4603.
### Cloud Firestore
* Reduced memory usage by applying query check sooner in remote document cache. See Github PR #6989.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed issue where users were unable to check if an error was an instance of `StorageError`. See Github issue #6944.
## Version 9.16.0 - January 19, 2023
* Allow users to specify their environment as `node` or `browser` to override Firebase's runtime environment detection and force the SDK to act as if it were in the respective environment.
Example:
export __FIREBASE_DEFAULTS__='{"forceEnvironment":"browser"}'
* Reformat a comment that causes compile errors in some build toolchains. See Github issue #6838.
* Removed unused `peerDependencies` in `@firebase/auth-interop-types`. This should remove installation warnings for `firebase-admin` users. See Github PR #6940.
### Authentication
* Added a fix to minimize a potential race condition between initialization of the Authentication SDK and `signInWithRedirect`. See Github issue #6827.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue where `connectDatabaseToEmulator` was sometimes called twice during a hot reload See Github issue #6853.
### Cloud Firestore
* Updated internal logic behind `AND` and `OR` queries to ensure consistency with older implicit `AND` queries. See Github PR #6896.
* Fixed an issue that stops some performance optimization being applied. See Github PR #6893.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed an issue where `pause` throws an error when a request is in flight. See Github issue #6935.
## Version 9.15.0 - December 8, 2022
* Upgraded TypeScript in each individual package to 4.7.4. The earlier update in version 9.13.0 upgraded TypeScript only in the root.
* Fixed a bug that caused Firebase SDKs to throw an error in Firefox browsers when third-party cookies are blocked. See Github issue #6801.
* Updated `firebase/[product]` entry point bundles to conform to Node.js ES module specifications.
### Realtime Database
* Added support for `startAfter` and `endBefore` query params to the REST API and wire protocol. This change does not affect the existing public API. See Github PR #6706.
### Cloud Firestore
* Functions in the Firestore package that return `QueryConstraints` (for example: `where(...)`, `limit(...)`, and `orderBy(...)`) now return a more specific type, which extends `QueryConstraint`. See Github PR #6694.
## Version 9.14.0 - November 10, 2022
### Cloud Messaging
* Exposed `icon` field for the `notification` payload. See Github PR #6728.
### App Check
* Corrected the clearing of the App Check exchange promise after a request succeeds. See Github issue #6734.
### Cloud Firestore
* Updated "missing index" error message to include the link to create the composite index. See Github issue #6613.
* Updated `transaction.set()` failure to now retry on `already-exists` error. See Github PR #6729.
### Performance Monitoring
* Expanded check in `getServiceWorkerStatus` to account for a `navigator` that has a key of `serviceWorker` with a falsy value. See Github PR #6723.
## Version 9.13.0 - October 27, 2022
* Upgraded TypeScript to 4.7.4. See Github PR #6682.
### Cloud Messaging
* Exposed `icon` field for the `notification` payload. See Github PR #6722.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed issue where clients using Node.js v18 would use the native `Blob` object, which is incompatible with `node-fetch`. See Github PR #6705.
## Version 9.12.1 - October 12, 2022
* Added error catching for when the SDK checks `__FIREBASE_DEFAULTS__` in order to not block other app functionality on error. See Github issue #6677.
### Analytics
* Corrected `id` type in `setUserId`. See Github PR #6671.
### Cloud Storage
* Cleared retry timeouts when uploads are paused/canceled. See Github PR #6667.
## Version 9.12.0 - October 11, 2022
* Removed `__FIREBASE_DEFAULTS_PATH__` option, as the current implementation caused Webpack warnings. Fixed `process.env` check to be compatible with environments where `process` exists but `process.env` does not. See Github issue #6660.
* Fixed IPv6 addresses in emulator autoinit for Cloud Firestore, Realtime Database, Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK, and Cloud Storage. See Github issue #6673.
### Cloud Firestore
* Set `withCredentials=true` when making requests via non-streaming RPCs, as is done for streaming RPCs. See Github PR #6643.
* Fixed Firestore failing to raise initial snapshot from empty local cache result. See Github issue #5873.
### Analytics
* Updated Analytics to allow for multiple instances of `gtag` with different data layer names. See Github PR #6655.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed `endBefore` and `push` documentation typos in Realtime Database documentation. See Github PR #6583.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed bug where upload status wasn't being checked after an upload failure. Implemented exponential backoff and max retry strategy. See Github PR #6653.
## Version 9.11.0 - October 06, 2022
* Added functionality to auto-initialize project config and emulator settings from global defaults. This allows the SDK to work with the upcoming framework-aware Firebase tools (currently an experimental release).
### App Check
* Fixed timer issues in the App Check SDK that caused the token to fail to refresh after it had expired, or had caused rapid repeated requests while attempting to do so. See Github issue #6373.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added `getCountFromServer()` (`getCount()` in the Lite SDK), which fetches the number of documents in the result set without actually downloading the documents.
* Fixed a time travel issue across multiple tabs. See Github issue #6511.
## Version 9.10.0 - September 15, 2022
### Authentication
* Updated custom claim type of `ParsedToken` to be `any`. This more accurately reflects that a JWT may contain any valid JSON object. See Github issue #6553.
### Cloud Firestore
* Enabled `encodeInitMessageHeaders` to transition the Firestore client from encoding HTTP Headers via the `httpHeadersOverwriteParam` to the request's `POST` payload. Note, this requires Cloud Firestore Emulator v1.14.4 or newer. See Github PR #6107.
## Version 9.9.4 - September 1, 2022
### Authentication
* Fixed proactive refresh logic in Authentication when Realtime Database, Cloud Firestore, or Cloud Storage are in use. See Github PR #6544.
### Realtime Database
* Added experimental support for Deno. See Github PR #6560.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a bug that threw a `FAILED_PRECONDITION` error when writing to a deleted document in a transaction. See Github issue #6550.
## Version 9.9.3 - August 18, 2022
* Removed all references to `@firebase/polyfill`. See Github issue #6503.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed issue where `get()` would return incorrect results when using a filtered `get()` and an `onValue()` event listener on the same path. See Github PR #6497.
* Fixed faulty transaction issue causing filtered index queries to override default queries. See Github PR #6508.
* Reverted the type of `action` parameter for `DataSnapshot.forEach()`. See Github issue #6368.
## Version 9.9.2 - August 04, 2022
* Prevent the SDK from throwing errors if it is unable to log platform data due to an IndexedDB error. It will log a warning instead. See Github PR #6480.
### Realtime Database
* Updated the type of the `action` parameter for `DataSnapshot.forEach()`. See Github issue #6368.
### Cloud Firestore
* Introduce client-side indexing with beta API `setIndexConfiguration()`. See Github PR #6496.
## Version 9.9.1 - July 22, 2022
### App Check
* Fixed throttling for App Check to prevent unnecessary requests to the backend. See Github issue #6373.
### Cloud Firestore
* Updated `@grpc/proto-loader` dependency to address `protobufjs` security issue. See Github issue #6438.
### Testing SDK
* Updated `firebase-admin` and `firebase-functions` dependencies to address `protobufjs` security issue.
## Version 9.9.0 - July 07, 2022
* Added the missing CDN build and entry point for Firebase installations.
### Analytics
* Added function `setConsent()` to set the applicable end user "consent" state.
* Added function `setDefaultEventParameters()` to set data that is logged on every Analytics event.
### Authentication
* Fixed a bug that caused ReCAPTCHA conflicts between Authentication and App Check when using ReCAPTCHA Enterprise in App Check. See Github issue #6133.
* Updated user agent detection to better detect iPad. This fixes a bug affecting some iPad devices running Cordova apps. See Github issue #6331.
### Realtime Database
* Forced `get()` to wait to resolve until the SDK is connected to the Realtime Database backend. See Github issue #6036.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed Node.js ESM `exports` paths for `firestore/lite`. See Github issue #6414.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Updated `FunctionsErrorCode` type to include "functions/" prefix. See Github issue #6281.
## Version 9.8.4 - June 23, 2022
### Analytics
* Fixed typo in `GtagConfigParams`. See Github issue #6349.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed issue where `get()` saved results incorrectly for non-default queries. See Github PR #6273.
## Version 9.8.3 - June 09, 2022
* Added `types` fields to `exports` object in `package.json` files for all published packages to make them compatible with TypeScript 4.7 support of Node.js ES modules. See Github issue #6300.
* Fixed some incorrect `package.json` paths to entry points in Authentication and Cloud Firestore.
### Realtime Database
* Removed `@firebase/app-compat` as a `peerDependency` of `@firebase/database-compat`, which should not impact JS SDK users, but will prevent `firebase-admin` users from seeing a warning during npm installation.
### Cloud Messaging
* Fixed a bug where the `fcmOptions` field was missing from `onMessage()` and `onBackgroundMessage()` payloads. See Github issue #6207.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed the Node.js ESM bundle to build from the Node.js entry point (it was incorrectly using the browser entry point). See Github issue #6343.
## Version 9.8.2 - May 27, 2022
### Authentication
* Added missing `identities` field to `firebase` claim in the typings for the ID token result. See Github issue #6218.
* Updated the SDK to recognize Capacitor apps by detecting the `capacitor:` protocol. See Github issue #5020.
* Fixed a bug where `error.email` and other fields were not populated in the Google Sign-In error flow if the user had been disabled using the Firebase Console.
## Version 9.8.1 - May 09, 2022
### Authentication
* Fixed some typings issues that caused compile errors for TypeScript users. See Github issue #6246.
## Version 9.8.0 - May 06, 2022
* As of this version, Internet Explorer 11 is no longer officially supported by the Firebase JavaScript SDK.
* Restored `idb` dependency and increased to the latest version, which supports ESM. This affects Analytics, App Check, Cloud Messaging, Performance Monitoring, and Remote Config. See Github issue #6154.
### Authentication
* Added a `beforeAuthStateChanged()` middleware function which allows you to provide callbacks that are run before an auth state change sets a new user.
### Realtime Database
* Added `forceWebSockets()` and `forceLongPolling()` methods.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a `TransactionOptions` param to the `runTransaction()` method.
## Version 9.7.0 - April 28, 2022
### App Check
* Updated App Check to use `v1` exchange endpoint instead of `v1beta` endpoint for both reCAPTCHA v3 and reCAPTCHA Enterprise.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Added `httpsCallableFromURL()`, which calls a callable function using its URL.
## Version 9.6.11 - April 14, 2022
* Set default IndexedDB transaction mode to `readonly` for IE11 compatibility.
### Realtime Database
* Fixes an issue where if a websocket protocol was used in the `databaseURL`, the `webSocketOnly` field was incorrectly set to undefined. (When using `wss` or `ws` protocols in the `databaseURL`, `webSocketOnly` is true and long polling is disabled). See Github PR #6126.
* Updated compat typings for `Reference` methods. See Github issue #6071.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixes an issue during multi-document lookup that resulted in the IndexedDB error "The parameter is less than or equal to this cursor's". See Github issue #6110.
## Version 9.6.10 - March 24, 2022
* Removed unneeded typings from the internal package `@firebase/util`. These typings caused errors in some projects using both Node.js and TypeScript.
### App Check
* Fixed a bug where `@firebase/app-check-types` was not included as a dependency of `@firebase/app-check-compat`. This could potentially affect TypeScript compilation for users of the `app-check-compat` package.
### Cloud Firestore
* Changed the format of some of the IndexedDB data stored by the Cloud Firestore SDK. This increases the performance of document lookups after an initial migration. If you do not want to migrate data, you can call `clearIndexedDbPersistence()` before invoking `enableIndexedDbPersistence()`.
## Version 9.6.9 - March 17, 2022
* Replaced `idb` dependency with in-house code to fix errors that occur when Node.js or SSR apps target ESM. This includes apps using Angular 13.1+. This fix affects Analytics, App Check, Cloud Messaging, Performance Monitoring, and Remote Config. See Github issue #6042.
## Version 9.6.8 - March 4, 2022
### Cloud Messaging
* Fixed a bug in `onBackgroundMessage()` that caused notifications to display twice. See Github issue #5516.
## Version 9.6.7 - February 17, 2022
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a bug that caused Cloud Firestore streams to get restarted with the same App Check token.
* On browsers that support IndexedDB v3, we now invoke `transaction.commit()` and `IndexedDB.getAll()` to speed up data processing.
* Cloud Firestore queries are now sent to the backend before the SDK starts local processing, which reduces overall `Query` latency.
## Version 9.6.6 - February 3, 2022
### Authentication
* Fixed a bug where the `user.providerData` field was being improperly initialized. See firebaseui-web Github issue #917.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added to the version 9 upgrade guide important details about a potential breaking change in which the property `DocumentSnapshot.exists` has been changed from a property to a method. If your version 8-based app uses the `exists` property, you must refactor your code as part of the upgrade to version 9.
### Cloud Messaging
* Fixed an uncaught rejection in `isSupported()` when the environment does not support IndexedDB's `open()` method. See Github issue #5868.
## Version 8.10.1 - January 28, 2022
Note: This is an emergency security update for any users who are still on
version 8 of the SDK and are unable to migrate to v9. The v8 SDK is updated
only for emergency security fixes, and does not benefit from any other bug
fixes or new features. The latest version of the Firebase JS SDK is still
9.6.5 (see below).
* Updated `node-fetch` dependency due to a security issue (CVE-2022-0235).
## Version 9.6.5 - January 27, 2022
* Updated `node-fetch` dependency due to a security issue (CVE-2022-0235).
### Authentication
* Fixed errors in `auth-compat` when cookies are fully disabled in Chrome. See Github issue #5913.
* Added missing `PhoneMultiFactorInfo` public interface. See Github issue #5922.
* The SDK no longer causes React Native to log a warning about deprecation of `AsyncStorage` if the developer has provided the non-deprecated version. See Github issue #1847.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an App Check issue that caused Cloud Firestore listeners to stop working and receive a "Permission Denied" error. This issue only affected App Check developers that set their expiration time to under an hour. See Github issue #5842.
## Version 9.6.4 - January 20, 2022
### Authentication
* Fixed the error code thrown when the network times out. See Github issue #5874.
* Added `./cordova` and `./react-native` paths to the `exports` field in `package.json`. See Github issue #5878.
### Cloud Messaging
* Changed `exports` paths to always point to `.cjs` bundles when in a Node.js context, since the Cloud Messaging SDK is currently unable to provide ESM bundles for Node.js. See Github issue #5839.
## Version 9.6.3 - January 13, 2022
### Cloud Firestore
* The Node.js SDK now bundles its internal `.proto` files into the code instead of reading them from the filesystem at runtime. This prevents errors like `no such file or directory` in certain types of deployments. See Github issue #5823.
### Cloud Messaging
* Fixed a bug where the `fcmMessageId` field in the message payload was incorrectly defined as `fcm_message_id`.
* Add a CJS bundle for `messaging/sw`. This enables some SSR frameworks to run their Node.js pipelines without erroring. See Github issue #5854.
## Version 9.6.2 - January 7, 2022
### Authentication
* Fix persistence selection in compatibility layer in worker scripts. See Github issue #5791.
### Cloud Firestore
* `FirestoreError` now extends `FirebaseError`. See Github issue #5754.
* Fixed an issue that caused incomplete `Query` snapshots when the SDK is backgrounded during query execution.
### Cloud Storage
* `StorageError` now extends `FirebaseError`. See Github issue #5754.
## Version 9.6.1 - December 9, 2021
### Authentication
* Fixed errors that occurred during initialization of the Authentication SDK when the network is unavailable. See Github issue #5720.
### Cloud Firestore
* Hardcoded the version of grpc-js sent to logs as a temporary fix for `createRequire` issues in the Node.js CJS bundle.
## Version 9.6.0 - December 2, 2021
### Cloud Firestore
* Added support for App Check.
## Version 9.5.0 - November 18, 2021
### Cloud Storage
* Added `getBytes()`, `getStream()` and `getBlob()`, which allow direct file downloads from the SDK. `getStream()` is only available for Node.js and `getBlob()` is only available for browser-like environments.
### App Check
* Reduced the latency of the first `getToken()` call by proactively retrieving a token when App Check is initialized.
* App Check now throttles requests after some error codes to prevent overwhelming the endpoint.
### Cloud Firestore
* The SDK no longer accesses `IndexedDB` during a page unload event on Safari 15. This aims to reduce the occurrence of an `IndexedDB` bug in Safari (https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=226547). See Github issue #5716.
* Updated the Node.js build to work better with Jest. See Github issue #5687.
## Version 9.4.1 - November 11, 2021
### Authentication
* Added `getReactNativePersistence()` as an export from the React Native bundle. See Github issue #1847.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Clear pending timeout after `Promise.race()`. It allows the process to exit immediately in case the SDK is used in Node.js. Otherwise the process waits for the timeout to finish before exiting. See Github issue #5692.
### Cloud Storage
* Clear the global timeout once an operation is done in the Cloud Storage SDK. Otherwise the pending timeout may prevent Node.js from exiting. See Github issue #5628.
## Version 9.4.0 - November 08, 2021
### Realtime Database
* Fixed a packaging issue that broke the Firebase Admin Node.js SDK. see Github issue #1487.
### Cloud Firestore
* Expanded `Firestore.WithFieldValue<T>` to include `T`. This allows developers to delegate `WithFieldValue<T>` inside wrappers of type `T` to avoid exposing Firebase types beyond Firebase-specific logic. see Github issue #5661.
## Version 9.3.0 - November 04, 2021
* Added ESM entry point for Node.js and added `exports` field support to all packages.
### App Check
* Added ReCAPTCHA Enterprise as an attestation option.
### Authentication
* Added the missing `SAMLAuthProvider` to the compatibility layer.
* Fixed bug that caused `onAuthStateChanged` to be fired twice. See Github issue #5685.
## Version 9.2.0 - October 28, 2021
* Added an empty typings file to the `firebase` package to fix autocomplete problems in some IDEs. See Github issue #5649.
### Authentication
* Fixed behavior on subsequent calls to `getRedirectResult()`. See Github issue #5610.
* Fixed the public `AuthError` typing and update the `MultiFactorError` implementation to follow the new standard (where all fields are listed under `customData`).
* Fixed an error raised in Lighthouse reports by adding the attribute `aria-hidden="true"` to the embedded iframe. See Github issue #5631.
* The SDK now exports phone sign-in functionality in the React Native entry point (except for `RecaptchaVerifier`).
* Made the SDK resilient against `localStorage` and `sessionStorage` permissions errors. See Github issue #5618.
* Fixed compatibility layer (`auth-compat`) errors that were being thrown in Safari. See Github issue #5644.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed `exports` fields to also point to ESM builds for Node.js. This change requires Node.js version 10+. See Github issue #5499.
* Added missing compat conversion for `runTransaction`. See Github issue #5627.
* Changed the networking API to use XHR instead of `fetch()` for React Native. See Github issue #1674.
## Version 9.1.3 - October 14, 2021
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed a bug causing an unhandled promise rejection in Node.js when the Cloud Storage client encounters a network error. See Github issue #5372.
## Version 9.1.2 - October 07, 2021
### App Check
* Fixed incorrect typings. See GitHub issue #5569.
* Updated `@firebase/app-check-compat` to correctly export and handle `ReCaptchaV3Provider` and `CustomProvider` classes.
### Authentication
* Calls to `connectAuthEmulator` with the `disableWarnings` flag set to true will no longer cause a `console.info` warning to be printed.
* Fixed a bug in the `OAuthProvider.prototype.credential` method that was preventing the `rawNonce` field from being populated in the returned `OAuthCredential`. See GitHub issue #5553.
* Fixed a bug where `user.tenantId` wasn't being carried over in the `updateCurrentUser` function.
* Fixed an issue in `@firebase/auth-compat` where the SDK tried to access fields from a `undefined` variable.
## Version 9.1.1 - September 30, 2021
### Authentication
* Fixed a bug on iOS causing incorrectly formatted links to be sent in emails. See GitHub issue #5541.
## Version 9.1.0 - September 24, 2021
### Authentication
* All browser persistence implementations such as `indexedDBLocalPersistence` are mapped to `inMemoryPersistence` in Node.js to allow isomorphic code that works well with use cases like server-side rendering.
* `emailVerified` field is now set in the `User` correctly. See GitHub issue #5430.
* Added missing phone `FACTOR_ID` static property to the `PhoneMultiFactorGenerator` class. See GitHub issue #5480.
* Fixed wrongly-typed `tenantId` fields in requests to some endpoints.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a bug where `UpdateData` did not recognize union types or optional, dot-separated string fields.
### Remote Config
* Added an `isSupported()` function. You can use this function to check if the current environment supports Remote Config, and only initialize Remote Config in supported environments.
### Analytics
* Fixed an issue where `isSupported()` throws unexpected errors in certain environments.
### App Check
* Initialization no longer throws runtime errors in Node.js.
* Debug mode check is delayed till `initializeAppCheck()` is called.
### Cloud Messaging
* Fixed an issue where `isSupported()` throws unexpected errors in certain environments.
### Performance Monitoring
* Fixed an issue where `isSupported()` throws unexpected errors in certain environments.
### Testing SDK
* Fixed typing issues where `Database`/`Firestore`/`Storage` compat instances returned by `RulesTestContext` are not compatible with v9 modular APIs.
* Set `RTDB` namespace to be same as `projectId` by default instead of `${projectId}-default-rtdb`. This fixes rules not being applied and other issues related to namespace mismatch.
## Version 9.0.2 - September 9, 2021
### Authentication
* Fixed a bug where custom errors from blocking functions were being dropped. See GitHub issue #5386.
* Removed `const enum`s from the public typings file.
### Cloud Firestore
* Improved the error handling when the SDK encounters a failure opening IndexedDB in a Firefox private browsing session. See GitHub issue #5377.
* Fixed a deadlock during asynchronous initialization of both Cloud Firestore and Authentication. See GitHub issue #5402.
* Fixed the behavior of `collection()` when passed multiple path segment strings. See GitHub issue #5431.
* Added a temporary workaround for a bug causing `initializeFirestore()` to throw errors when used in certain build pipelines, such as the default production build for Create React App. See GitHub issue #5384.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* The SDK now omits sending an App Check token header to the Cloud Functions endpoint if there is no valid App Check token to send.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed a bug that incorrectly threw an error when using `refFromUrl()` with `connectStorageEmulator()`. See Github issue #3715 in firebase-tools.
## Version 9.0.1 - August 30, 2021
* Fixed `.cjs` builds that caused errors in Node.js use cases, such as using SSR in AngularFire. See GitHub PR #5400.
* Fixed a typing issue in `@firebase/app-compat`. See GitHub issue #5382.
* Fixed incorrect import of `node-fetch` polyfill that caused uncaught exceptions when using Cloud Storage and the `firestore/lite` package from Cloud Firestore.
### Authentication
* Fixed a typing issue caused by a missing constructor for `OAuthProvider`.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added export fields to make `firestore/lite` available in Node.js. See GitHub PR #5400.
* Fixed incorrect import of `node-fetch` polyfill that caused uncaught exceptions when using `firestore/lite`.
## Version 9.0.0 - August 25, 2021
* This release introduces the new modular API, which enables tree-shaking, bundle size reduction, and other benefits. See SDK versions 8 and 9 for more details. Users of version 8 will need to update their code in order for it to still work with version 9.0.0 and higher. We have provided a compat package to make this migration easier. See the upgrade guide for instructions for upgrading from version 8 or the setup guide for instructions for getting started from scratch with version 9+.
### Cloud Messaging
* FCM now provides delivery data export to BigQuery as an Alpha feature. See Enable message delivery data export.
### Cloud Firestore
* This release introduces Firestore Lite, a lightweight, standalone REST-only Firestore SDK that supports single document fetches, query execution, and document updates, at a fraction of the regular Web SDK size. See Cloud Firestore Lite Web SDK.
## Version 8.10.0 - August 19, 2021
* Added or updated the `mockUserToken` option provided to the `useEmulator()` functions in Realtime Database, Cloud Firestore, and Cloud Storage. The details for each product are below.
### Realtime Database
* Allow `useEmulator()` to also accept a string for its `mockUserToken` option.
### Cloud Firestore
* Allow `useEmulator()` to also accept a string for its `mockUserToken` option.
### Cloud Storage
* Add an options object containing `mockUserToken` as a param for `useEmulator()`.
* Changed `ref()` so it does not throw if given a path string that contains `..`.
### Cloud Messaging
* Exposed the `messageId` property on `MessagePayload`.
### Testing SDK
* Fixed JWT encoding bug that broke interoperability with the Cloud Storage emulator.
## Version 8.9.1 - August 10, 2021
### App Check
* Fixed typings on params passed to `activate()`.
## Version 8.9.0 - August 5, 2021
### Analytics
* Fixed formatting of documentation comments and updated some event typings to correctly match Google Analytics 4 specs.
### App Check
* Add `RecaptchaV3Provider` and `CustomProvider` classes that can be supplied as params to `firebase.appCheck().activate()`.
### Cloud Storage
* Added a browser CJS build as `./dist/index.browser.cjs.js`. This change was primarily to prevent breaking the Emulator UI.
## Version 8.8.1 - July 29, 2021
* Added a missing dependency in the `@firebase/app-types` package.
## Version 8.8.0 - July 22, 2021
### Analytics
* Added `firebase_screen` and `firebase_screen_class` to `logEvent()` overload for `screen_view` events. These fields are required to log `screen_view` events correctly to Analytics.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed sending of Authentication tokens in Node.js. This bug affected Admin SDK users who have App Check enforced.
### Cloud Firestore
* The SDK no longer accesses IndexedDB during a page unload event on Safari 14. This aims to reduce the occurrence of an IndexedDB bug in Safari (https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=226547). See GitHub issue #4076.
* Fixed an issue that prevented `Date` objects from being used via `update()` when connected to the Cloud Firestore emulator.
### Cloud Storage
* Added Node.js support to Cloud Storage for Firebase. This release changes the `main` field in `package.json` to point to a Node-specific build. If you are building a bundle for browser usage, make sure that your bundler uses the `browser` field (this is usually the default).
## Version 8.7.1 - July 8, 2021
### Realtime Database
* In Node.js, always send Authentication and App Check tokens when they are available.
## Version 8.7.0 - July 1, 2021
### App Check
* Added a `getToken()` method that returns an App Check token asynchronously.
* Added an `onTokenChanged()` method that adds listeners to App Check token changes.
* Fixed an error causing `HTTP status 429` errors in debug mode. See GitHub issue #5052.
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where Cloud Firestore didn't detect Authentication, which led to permission denied errors. See GitHub issue #4932.
## Version 8.6.8 - June 17, 2021
### Authentication
* Fixed a bug where `linkWithPopup`, `linkWithRedirect`, `reauthenticateWithPopup`, and `reauthenticateWithRedirect` weren't correctly picking up the emulator configuration. See GitHub issue #4879.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a bug that caused `Uncaught TypeError: e.auth.addAuthTokenListener is not a function`. See GitHub issue #5018.
## Version 8.6.7 - June 10, 2021
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression that prevented Cloud Firestore from detecting the Authentication service during initialization, which prevented some writes from being sent.
## Version 8.6.5 - June 4, 2021
* Fixed an error where `firebase.SDK_VERSION` did not always contain the correct version number.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where `FetchXmlHttpFactory` was not available.
## Version 8.6.4 - June 3, 2021
Caution: Version 8.6.4 contains an issue that causes crashes in Cloud
Firestore. If you use Cloud Firestore, upgrade to version 8.6.5 or later.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* JavaScript `Date` objects are now serialized to an ISO string instead of an empty object.
## Version 8.6.3 - May 27, 2021
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an `"index not defined"` error that sometimes occurred during a `get()` call on an `orderByChild` query.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a warning message when `settings()` is used to override the original value of `host` without also setting `{merge: true}`.
## Version 8.6.2 - May 20, 2021
### Cloud Firestore
* Use `pagehide` event for page termination by default, instead of `unload`. See docs on `pagehide` vs `unload`.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Fixed a bug in `httpsCallable()` when it is used in the same project as Cloud Messaging. See GitHub issue #4909.
### Testing SDK
* Prevent `useEmulators()` from erroring when only the `storage` field is populated in the options parameter.
## Version 8.6.1 - May 12, 2021
* Fixed a bug that caused crashes in Cloud Storage, Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK, and Realtime Database when using the all-in-one `firebase` import, as in `import firebase from 'firebase'`.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue that could cause `once()` to fire more than once if the value was modified inside its callback.
## Version 8.6.0 - May 11, 2021
Caution: Version 8.6.0 contains an issue that causes crashes in Cloud Storage,
Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK, and Realtime Database when using the
all-in-one `firebase` import. If you use these products, upgrade to version
8.6.1 or later.
### App Check
* Published the App Check package.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed typings for `useEmulator`.
### Testing SDK
* Added support for Cloud Storage emulator.
## Version 8.5.0 - May 5, 2021
### Realtime Database
* `useEmulator` now accepts an optional `mockUserToken`.
### Cloud Firestore
* `useEmulator` now accepts an optional `mockUserToken`.
## Version 8.4.3 - April 29, 2021
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue that prevented the SDK from firing cancel events for Firebase Security Rules violations. See GitHub issue #4818.
* Fixes a regression introduced in version 8.4.1 that broke `useEmulator()`. See GitHub issue #4811.
## Version 8.4.2 - April 23, 2021
* Fixed outdated `peerDependencies`.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where errors from `grpc` are thrown directly to user code. Now they are wrapped in `FirestoreError`.
* Fixed an issue where an empty `X-Firebase-GMPID` header is sent in the request when `appId` is not available. See GitHub issue #4795.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed the infinite recursion caused by the `FirebaseStorageError` message getter.
## Version 8.4.1 - April 13, 2021
### Realtime Database
* Fixed a build issue that caused SDK breakage.
## Version 8.4.0 - April 12, 2021
### Cloud Storage
* Added a `storage().useEmulator()` method to enable emulator mode for storage. This allows you to set a storage emulator host and port.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a bug where decimal inputs to `Timestamp.fromMillis()` were calculated incorrectly due to floating point precision loss.
## Version 8.3.3 - April 08, 2021
* This update only includes internal refactoring.
## Version 8.3.2 - March 31, 2021
* This update includes internal refactoring.
## Version 8.3.1 - March 18, 2021
* Fixed a bug caused by an outdated version of the `tslib` dependency. See GitHub issue #4633.
## Version 8.3.0 - March 10, 2021
### Cloud Firestore
* Added support to remove the `FirestoreDataConverter` on a `Firestore` reference by calling `withConverter(null)`
## Version 8.2.10 - March 4, 2021
### Analytics
* Fixed typings for `analytics().logEvent()` so that the `eventParams` argument is correctly typed as optional.
## Version 8.2.9 - February 19, 2021
* API update for an internal package. There is no change in the public API.
## Version 8.2.8 - February 18, 2021
### Analytics
* Fixed a behavior causing `gtag.js` to be downloaded twice on Firebase Analytics initialization. See GitHub issue #2628.
## Version 8.2.7 - February 11, 2021
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue with `Query.get()` where `Query` filters were not applied to data in some cases.
* Added the missing type definitions for `startAfter()` and `endBefore()`.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a bug where local cache inconsistencies were unnecessarily being resolved.
* Fixed the path to the react native memory-only build.
## Version 8.2.6 - February 04, 2021
### Authentication
* Fixed a bug where UTF-8 encoded strings were not decoded in `getIdTokenResult`. See GitHub issue #4174.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue with `startAfter`/`endBefore` when used in `orderByKey` queries.
### Cloud Firestore
* Correctly handle `ignoreUndefinedProperties` in `set({ merge: true })`. Previously this would behave as if the undefined value were `FieldValue.delete()`, which wasn't intended.
## Version 8.2.5 - January 28, 2021
### Realtime Database
* When issued for queries that are being listened to, `get()` calls no longer send backend requests.
### Cloud Firestore
* Classes like `DocumentReference` and `Query` can now be serialized to JSON. See GitHub issue #4258.
## Version 8.2.4 - January 21, 2021
### Realtime Database
* Added `startAfter` and `endBefore` filters for paginating Realtime Database queries.
### Authentication
* Added the `useEmulator()` function and `emulatorConfig` to the `firebase` package externs.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an error that caused `FirestoreDataConverter.fromFirestore()` to be called with an incorrect `QueryDocumentSnapshot` object. See GitHub issue #4278
## Version 8.2.3 - January 14, 2021
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue that caused `refFromUrl()` to reject production database URLs when `useEmulator()` was used.
## Version 8.2.2 - January 7, 2021
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue with multiple database instances when using the Realtime Database emulator. See GitHub issue #3681
### Cloud Firestore
* Updated an outdated error message to include `!=` and `not-in` as inequality operators. See GitHub issue #4253
* Fixed an issue in the Transaction API that caused the SDK to return invalid `DocumentReference` objects through `DocumentSnapshot.data()` calls. See GitHub issue #4226
## Version 8.2.1 - December 17, 2020
### Authentication
* Updated auth token logic to rely on device clock time instead of server time. This fixes an issue seen when a device's clock is skewed by a lot: see GitHub issue #3222
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue that prevented the SDK from automatically retrieving custom claims for a `User`. See GitHub issue #4175
## Version 8.2.0 - December 11, 2020
### Authentication
* Added an option to hide the banner in Auth when using the emulator.
### Cloud Firestore
* Released Firestore Bundles (pre-packaged Firestore data). For NPM users, this can be enabled via an additional import: `firebase/firestore/bundle`. For CDN usage, it is enabled by default.
* A write to a document that contains `FieldValue` transforms is no longer split up into two separate operations. This reduces the number of writes the backend performs and allows each `WriteBatch` to hold 500 writes regardless of how many `FieldValue` transformations are attached.
### Performance Monitoring
* Changed to dispatch no more than 1000 collected performance events for each network request. Events over the cap will be queued and sent with the next dispatch.
## Version 8.1.2 - December 3, 2020
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue with IndexedDB retry logic causing uncaught errors.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a bug that prevented usage of `FieldPath` objects with multiple special characters.
* Fixes an issue that returned invalid `DocumentReference` instances from `QuerySnapshot` objects. See GitHub issue #4125
### Testing SDK
* Fixed `assertFails` not recognizing `permission-denied` errors from Realtime Database.
## Version 8.1.1 - November 19, 2020
### Realtime Database
* Added the missing type definition for `Query.get()`.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue that prevented `experimentalAutoDetectLongPolling` from working correctly.
## Version 8.1.0 - November 19, 2020
### Realtime Database
* We have identified an issue in the newly added `Query.get()` API. This causes data to be returned which doesn't match the Query filters. We are working on providing a fix.
* Added a database query `get` method that returns server results when connected.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression introduced in v8.0.2 that returned invalid values for `DocumentChange.newIndex`. See GitHub issue #4071
## Version 8.0.2 - November 12, 2020
### Authentication
* The SDK now retries IndexedDB errors a fixed number of times to handle connection issues in mobile WebKit. Fixes GitHub issue #1926.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue that caused `DocumentReference` objects in `DocumentSnapshot` instances to be returned with the custom converter of the original `DocumentReference`.
## Version 8.0.1 - November 5, 2020
### Cloud Messaging
* Fixed an issue where a silent-push warning was displayed along with the message shown by `ServiceWorkerRegistration.showNotification`. Added a timeout for the `onBackgroundMessage` hook so that silent-push warnings won't show if `ServiceWorkerRegistration.showNotification` is called inside the hook within 1 second. See GitHub issue #3725.
### Testing SDK
* Added a `withFunctionTriggersDisabled` method which runs a user-provided setup function with emulated Cloud Functions triggers disabled. This can be used to import data into the Realtime Database or Cloud Firestore emulators without triggering locally emulated functions. This method only works with Firebase CLI version 8.13.0 or higher.
## Version 8.0.0 - October 26, 2020
* Breaking change: `browser` fields in package.json files now point to ESM bundles instead of CJS bundles. Users who are using ESM imports must now use the default import instead of a namespace import.
Before 8.0.0
import * as firebase from 'firebase/app'
After 8.0.0
import firebase from 'firebase/app'
Code that uses `require('firebase/app')` or `require('firebase')` will still
work, but in order to get proper typings (for code completion, for example)
users should change these `require` calls to `require('firebase/app').default`
or `require('firebase').default`. This is because the SDK now uses typings for
the ESM bundle, and the different bundles share one typings file.
### Cloud Firestore
* Removed the undocumented `Firestore.logLevel` property.
* Breaking change: Removed deprecated `experimentalTabSynchronization` settings. To enable multi-tab synchronization, use `synchronizeTabs` instead.
* This release removes runtime type validations that are covered by TypeScript. Developers can use our TypeScript types to validate API usage.
* Breaking change: Removed the `timestampsInSnapshots` option from `FirestoreSettings`. Now, Cloud Firestore always returns `Timestamp` values for all timestamp values.
* Added a `useEmulator(host, port)` method to Cloud Firestore.
* Removed excess validation of null and NaN values in query filters. This more closely aligns the SDK with the Cloud Firestore backend, which has always accepted null and NaN for all operators.
### Cloud Storage
* This release removes runtime type validations that are covered by TypeScript. Developers can use our TypeScript types to validate API usage.
### Realtime Database
* Added a `useEmulator(host, port)` method to Realtime Database.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Added a `useEmulator(host, port)` method to the Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK.
## Version 7.24.0 - October 15, 2020
### Authentication
* Added the ability to configure the SDK to communicate with the Firebase Emulator.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a new `experimentalAutoDetectLongPolling` to `FirestoreSettings`. When enabled, the SDK's underlying transport layer automatically detects if long-polling should be used. This is very similar to `experimentalForceLongPolling`, but only uses long-polling if required.
* Fixed a potential issue in our internal queue that could have allowed API calls to be executed out of order.
### Testing SDK
* Changed to not delete the `uid` property from user auth object in `initializeTestApp()`. See GitHub issue #3920.
* Fixed the typing for custom claims.
## Version 7.23.0 - October 8, 2020
### Analytics
* The SDK now warns instead of throwing an error if it detects a browser environment where Analytics does not work.
### Cloud Firestore
* The SDK now includes more information in the error message for failed IndexedDB transactions.
### Performance Monitoring
* Moved the `loggingEnabled` check to wait until performance initialization finishes, which prevents the SDK from dropping custom traces right after getting the `performance` object.
* Throws an exception when `startTime` or `duration` is not a positive value in the `trace.record()` API.
### Testing SDK
* Added stronger types to the `options.auth` option for `initializeTestApp()`.
## Version 7.22.1 - October 5, 2020
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Fixed a bug introduced in 7.21.1 that causes callable functions to throw an error in some environments.
## Version 7.22.0 - October 1, 2020
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Users can now set a custom domain for callable functions.
## Version 7.21.1 - September 24, 2020
Caution: Versions 7.21.1 and 7.22.0 contain an issue in the Cloud Functions
for Firebase Client SDK that causes callable functions to throw an error. If
you use callable functions, upgrade to version 7.22.1 or later.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue that prevented `waitForPendingWrites()` from resolving in background tabs when multi-tab is used. See GitHub issue #3816.
* Fixed a "Comparison with -0" lint warning for customers that build from source. See GitHub issue #3814.
### Authentication
* Fixed an encoding issue in the Authentication CDN script for environments that require UTF-8, for example, Chrome extensions. See GitHub issue #414.
## Version 7.21.0 - September 17, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Added `not-in` and `!=` query operators for use with `.where()`.
* `not-in` finds documents where a specified field’s value is not in a specified array.
* `!=` finds documents where a specified field's value does not equal the specified value. Neither query operator will match documents where the specified field is not present.
* The SDK now uses `FirestoreError` instead of `Error` in `onSnapshot*()` error callbacks.
* Fixed a bug where `CollectionReference.add()` called `FirestoreDataConverter.toFirestore()` twice instead of once. See GitHub issue #3742
### Realtime Database
* Fixed detection of Admin SDK context.
### Testing SDK
* Fixed a bug preventing users from testing Realtime Database with both the Admin SDK and the client JS SDK.
## Version 7.20.0 - September 10, 2020
### Analytics
* For apps using v7.20.0 and later, Firebase dynamically fetches the `measurementId` when your app initializes Analytics. Having this ID in your Firebase config object is optional, but it does serve as a fallback in the rare case that the dynamic fetch fails. Learn more about this field in the Analytics getting started page.
### Realtime Database
* The SDK can now infer a default database URL if none is provided in the config.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a bug where, if a user change happened while the network connection was disabled, the client did not raise snapshots from cache.
### Cloud Messaging
* The SDK no longer opens non-origin links, fixing a potential security issue.
## Version 7.19.1 - August 27, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Added `merge` option to `firestore.settings()`, which merges the provided settings with settings from a previous call. This addresses GitHub issue #3354.
### Testing SDK
* Fixed an issue with `assertFails()`. See GitHub issue #3671
## Version 7.19.0 - August 20, 2020
### Testing SDK
* Released `@firebase/rules-unit-testing` to replace the `@firebase/testing` package. The new package is API compatible but has the following breaking behavior changes:
* `assertFails()` now fails only on `PERMISSION DENIED` errors, not any error.
* `initializeAdminApp()` now relies on `firebase-admin` rather than imitating the Admin SDK.
### Performance Monitoring
* Adds a check to silently prevent Performance Monitoring from initializing if the required `indexedDB.open()` API is not available in the environment.
### Cloud Firestore
* `terminate()` can now be retried if it fails with an IndexedDB exception. See GitHub issue #2755.
* Enabled fallback for auto-generated identifiers in environments that support `crypto` but not `crypto.getRandomValues`. See GitHub PR #3487.
## Version 7.18.0 - August 13, 2020
### Cloud Messaging
* Added `onBackgroundMessage`, which is called regardless of whether or not a notification is displayed.
* `getToken` now accepts an options object that includes an optional vapid key and an optional service worker registration.
* Deprecated `setBackgroundMessageHandler`. Use the new API `onBackgroundMessage` instead.
* Deprecated `useVapidKey` and `useServiceWorker`. Use `getToken` to set these values instead.
* Deprecated `onTokenRefresh` which is a no-op API currently.
### Cloud Firestore
* The SDK no longer crashes with the error "The database connection is closing". Instead, the individual operations that cause this error may be rejected. Addresses GitHub issue #3495.
* Fixed a bug that caused slow retries for IndexedDB operations even when a webpage re-entered the foreground.
### Analytics
* `analytics.isSupported()` now returns `Promise<false>` for extension environments.
## Version 7.17.2 - August 6, 2020
### Realtime Database
* Added interface `Database` which is implemented by `FirebaseDatabase`. This allows consumer SDKs (such as the Firebase Admin SDK) to export Realtime Database types as an interface.
### Cloud Firestore
* Upgraded to the latest version of Google Closure Library and Compiler. Developers will not need to make any changes to their code to handle this change.
## Version 7.17.1 - July 24, 2020
### Analytics
* Added an omitted dependency update that caused Analytics to error on initialization. Addresses GitHub issue #3469.
## Version 7.17.0 - July 23, 2020
Caution: Version 7.17.0 contains an issue that prevents Analytics from
initializing. Please upgrade to version 7.17.1 or later.
### Analytics
* Added an `analytics.isSupported()` method which returns true if the current browser context supports Analytics. This can used in a conditional to prevent initialization of Analytics in environments that don't support it. This check also automatically runs when Analytics is initialized (`firebase.analytics()`) and if it finds an unsupported environment, throws an error advising developers to use `isSupported()`. Addresses GitHub issue #2393.
### Cloud Storage
* Error messages for backend errors now include the backend's response message.
## Version 7.16.1 - July 16, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* The SDK no longer crashes if an `IndexedDB` failure occurs when unsubscribing from a `Query`.
* Removed a delay that prevented Firestore from immediately reestablishing a network connection if a connectivity change occurred while the app was in the background.
### Realtime Database
* Instead of using production auth, the SDK will use test credentials to connect to the Emulator when Realtime Database is used via the Firebase Admin SDK. Fixes GitHub issue #3144.
### Cloud Storage
* Updated the TypeScript types for all APIs using `Observer`s to allow callback omission. Fixes GitHub issue #3158.
### Authentication
* Added the `browser` field in package.json.
## Version 7.16.0 - July 09, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Added support for `set()` with merge options when using `FirestoreDataConverter`.
* Re-added the React Native bundle, which allows Cloud Firestore to be used without `btoa/atob` polyfills.
* Removed internal wrapper around our public API that was meant to prevent incorrect SDK usage for JavaScript users, but caused the SDK to stop working in IE11. See GitHub issue #3305.
### FCM
* Fixed an issue where we tried to update the token for every `getToken()` call because we don't save the updated token in the `IndexedDB`.
* Fixed an RxJS incompatibility issue by adding support for `onMessage` so the internal callback can work with RxJS's `Subscriber`. See GitHub issue #3142.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Clear timeout after a successful response or after the request is canceled. Fixes GitHub issue #3289.
## Version 7.15.5 - June 25, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a bug that sometimes caused Cloud Firestore operations to fail during an auth token change. See GitHub issue #3179
## Version 7.15.4 - June 20, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Removed the React Native entry point due to an issue in our internal library. For Cloud Firestore in React Native, use the browser build and add necessary polyfills. See GitHub issue #2667
## Version 7.15.3 - June 19, 2020
Caution: Version 7.15.3 contains an issue that prevents Cloud Firestore from
working in React Native. Please upgrade to 7.15.4 or later.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue that prevented Cloud Firestore from working in React Native. See GitHub issue #2667
## Version 7.15.2 - June 18, 2020
### Realtime Database
* Added an internal HTTP header to the WebSocket connection.
### Cloud Firestore
* Updated `grpc-js` to version `^1.0.0`.
## Version 7.15.1 - June 11, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue that prevented the client from connecting to the backend immediately after a user signed in. See GitHub issue #2923.
* Fixed a regression introduced in PR #3048 that changed the `context.path` variable from `Path|null` to `undefined|null`. See GitHub issue #3172.
## Version 7.15.0 - June 04, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Added an `experimentalForceOwningTab` setting that can be used to enable persistence in environments without `localStorage`, which allows persistence to be used in Web Workers. See GitHub issue #983.
* All known failure cases for `IndexedDB`-related crashes have now been addressed. Instead of crashing the client, `IndexedDB` failures result in rejected operations (for example, rejected `Writes` or errored `Query` listeners). If these rejections surface in your app, you can retry these operations when `IndexedDB` access is restored. `IndexedDB` failures that occur due to background work are automatically retried.
If you continue to see `IndexedDB`-related crashes, please provide feedback
GitHub issue #2755.
## Version 7.14.6 - May 29, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue that could cause Cloud Firestore to temporarily go offline when a Window visibility event occurred.
* Added support for calling `FirebaseFirestore.settings` with `{ ignoreUndefinedProperties: true }`. When this parameter is set, Cloud Firestore ignores undefined properties inside objects rather than rejecting the API call.
## Version 7.14.5 - May 21, 2020
### Realtime Database
* Fixed a Realtime Database URL parsing bug to support domains with more than 3 components.
## Version 7.14.4 - May 14, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression introduced in v7.14.2 that incorrectly applied a `FieldValue.increment` in combination with `set({...}, {merge: true})`.
## Version 7.14.3 - May 07, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Cloud Firestore now rejects `onSnapshot()` listeners if they cannot be registered in `IndexedDB`. Previously, these errors crashed the client.
## Version 7.14.2 - April 23, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Firestore now rejects write operations if they cannot be persisted in IndexedDB. Previously, these errors crashed the client.
* Fixed a source of IndexedDB-related crashes for tabs that receive multi-tab notifications while the file system is locked.
### FCM
* Changed to compare hostname instead of the entire URL to decide if there is a matching window client. See GitHub issue #390.
## Version 7.14.1 - April 16, 2020
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed an issue that occurred when users tried to retrieve data from multiple Cloud Storage instances.
### Authentication
* Fixed an bug that occurred when users set persistence to `LOCAL` in a worker environment. See GitHub issue #2903.
## Version 7.14.0 - April 9, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Replaced `grpc` with `@grpc/grpc-js` in the Node.js builds. As a result, the minimum supported NodeJS version is now `8.13.0`.
### Realtime Database
* Added `ServerValue.increment()` to support atomic field value increments without transactions.
### Performance Monitoring
* Updated internal performance event transport mechanism.
## Version 7.13.2 - April 2, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression introduced by a crypto change in 7.13.0 that breaks Firestore in IE 11. See GitHub issue #2827.
* Fixed an issue that causes excessive reads in large changesets over slow connections. See GitHub issue #2683.
* Fixed an issue causing `WriteBatch.commit()` to resolve one loop later than `.set` and `.update`. See GitHub issue #2822.
### FCM
* Fixed an issue introduced in 7.7.0, when FCM switched to provide base64-encoded VAPID keys to PushManager for push subscription. For backward compatibility, the SDK has switched back to using VAPID keys in type ArrayBuffer. See Github issue #2712.
## Version 7.13.1 - March 27, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Removed a dangling comma in package.json.
## Version 7.13.0 - March 26, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a memory-only `firestore` build. Instead of persisting data in the `IndexedDB`, it keeps it in memory. This build is about 14% smaller than the full featured build because it doesn't have `IndexedDB` related code. If you don't care about persisting data across sessions, or your code runs in environments that don't support `IndexedDB`, use this build to reduce your application size. It is available under a special import path. You can import it this way:
import * as firebase from 'firebase/app';
import 'firebase/firestore/memory';
// Don't change the format for any other products.
import 'firebase/auth';
// etc.
Or if using the CDN:
<script src="https://www.gstatic.com/firebasejs/7.13.0/firebase-app.js"></script>
<script src="https://www.gstatic.com/firebasejs/7.13.0/firebase-firestore.memory.js"></script>
<!-- Don't change the format for any other products. -->
<script src="https://www.gstatic.com/firebasejs/7.13.0/firebase-auth.js"></script>
<!-- etc. -->
### Analytics
* Added convenient enums and function overloads to support enhanced ecommerce events.
## Version 7.12.0 - March 19, 2020
* Added two methods for logging:
* `firebase.setLogLevel()`, which sets the level above which Firebase log messages will be shown.
* `firebase.onLog()`, which adds a user-specified callback run on each log event. The callback has access to log level, message, and name of the package (e.g. "@firebase/firestore") that generated the log message.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where the number value `-0.0` would lose its sign when stored in Cloud Firestore.
## Version 7.11.0 - March 12, 2020
### Authentication
* Added multi-factor authentication support for Google Cloud Identity Platform projects.
## Version 7.10.0 - March 5, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Implemented `Timestamp.valueOf()` so that `Timestamp` objects can be compared for relative ordering using the JavaScript arithmetic comparison operators. Fixes GitHub issue #2632.
## Version 7.9.3 - February 28, 2020
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed an issue introduced in 7.9.2 where Cloud Storage could throw a CORS error (GitHub issue).
## Version 7.9.2 - February 27, 2020
Caution: This build introduced a regression where Cloud Storage could throw a
CORS error (GitHub issue). Please upgrade to 7.9.3 or later.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where `OnlineState` value was mangled and was not being parsed correctly.
## Version 7.9.1 - February 21, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue introduced in 7.9.0 where minified Cloud Firestore Node and CJS bundles do not work.
## Version 7.9.0 - February 20, 2020
Caution: This build introduced a regression where Node and CJS bundles for
Cloud Firestore do not work. Please upgrade to 7.9.1 or later.
### Cloud Firestore
* The minified version of the Cloud Firestore library, added as an experimental option in 7.8.0, is now the default Cloud Firestore bundle. The steps listed in the 7.8.0 release notes are no longer necessary to get the minified bundle. This minification currently reduces the total bundle size by approximately 15% as of this build.
* Fixed an issue where auth credentials were not respected in Cordova environments. See Github issue #2626.
* Fixed a performance regression introduced by the addition of `Query.limitToLast(n: number)` in Firestore 1.7.0 (Firebase 7.3.0). See Github issue #2620.
### FCM
* Fix an issue where service workers do not reliably update after upgrading to a new version of Firebase. See Github issue #2590.
## Version 7.8.2 - February 13, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where `CollectionReference.add()` would reject custom types when using `withConverter()`. Github issue #2606.
## Version 7.8.1 - February 6, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Fix a bug causing intermittent errors when the same app is open in multiple tabs. Addresses Github issue #2555.
## Version 7.8.0 - January 30, 2020
Caution: The minified bundle is no longer provided as a separate file starting
with 7.9.0, but replaces the default bundle. These instructions are not needed
to import the minified bundle in versions 7.9.0 and above.
### Cloud Firestore
* Experimental: Added an alternative minified import for the `firestore` package. Users who want to try this experimental import can do it this way:
import * as firebase from 'firebase/app';
import '@firebase/firestore/dist/index.cjs.min';
// Don't change the format for any other products.
import 'firebase/auth';
// etc.
Or if using the CDN:
<script src="https://www.gstatic.com/firebasejs/7.8.0/firebase-app.js"></script>
<script src="https://www.gstatic.com/firebasejs/7.8.0/firebase-firestore.min.js"></script>
<!-- Don't change the format for any other products. -->
<script src="https://www.gstatic.com/firebasejs/7.8.0/firebase-auth.js"></script>
<!-- etc. -->
## Version 7.7.0 - January 16, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where auth credentials were not respected in some Firefox or Chrome extensions. See Github issue #1491.
* Firestore previously required that every document read in a transaction must also be written. This requirement has been removed, and you can now read a document in a transaction without writing to it.
### Performance Monitoring
* Updated internal transport protocol from proto2 to proto3.
### Authentication
* Added missing constructor for `SAMLAuthProvider` type.
## Version 7.6.2 - January 9, 2020
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Fixed a bug causing notification permissions requests to pop up when using `functions.httpsCallable()`.
### Realtime Database
* Reverted a change causing slow update performance as reported in Github issue #2487.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where auth credentials were not respected in certain browser environments (Electron 7, IE11 in trusted zone, UWP apps). Addresses Github issue #1491.
## Version 7.6.1 - December 18, 2019
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an internal typing issue where the library `firebase-admin`, which depends on `@firebase/database`, failed to compile.
## Version 7.6.0 - December 12, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Added support for storing and retrieving custom types in Cloud Firestore. Added support for strongly typed collections, documents, and queries. You can now use `withConverter()` to supply a custom data converter that will convert between Cloud Firestore data and your custom type.
* Added a stronger environment check that specifically checks for the existence of `process.env`. Addresses Github issue #2404.
### FCM
* `getToken()` now automatically requests notification permission if permission was set to "default".
* Temporarily suppressing errors occurring on reset of notifications permissions, pending a backend solution. Addresses Github issue #2364.
### Testing SDK
* Fixed a bug where Testing SDK was unable to connect to the Cloud Firestore emulator. Addresses Github issue #2417.
## Version 7.5.2 - December 6, 2019
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue introduced in 7.5.1 where `@firebase/component` is not listed as a dependency. It caused "Cannot find module `@firebase/component`" in the `firebase-admin` package, which depends on Realtime Database.
## Version 7.5.1 - December 5, 2019
* Fixed an issue where typing `undefined` in the IDE prompts to auto-import it from the firebase package. Addresses #2203 (GitHub link). Thanks camsjams for the contribution!
* Fixed a bug where RxFire's `objectVal` will return an empty object if the result of `snapshot.val()` is not an object.
### Remote Config
* Fixed a bug where the promises returned by `fetch()` and `fetchAndActivate()` were not rejected with errors caused by `indexeddb` operations. You can now handle these errors in the error handler of the returned promise.
## Version 7.5.0 - November 21, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Improved the performance of repeatedly executed queries when persistence is enabled. Recently executed queries should see dramatic improvements. This benefit is reduced if changes accumulate while the query is inactive. Queries that use the `limit()` API may not always benefit, depending on the accumulated changes.
## Version 7.4.0 - November 14, 2019
### Authentication
* Added nonce support for sign-in with OIDC ID token credentials.
* Added the OAuth sign-in support for apps served from origins with the `ionic://` scheme for latest Ionic framework.
### Analytics
* Fixed a bug where Analytics did not work with Google Tag Manager on the same page.
### Cloud Firestore
* The `in` query operator now accepts nested arrays.
## Version 7.3.0 - November 7, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Added `in` and `array-contains-any` query operators for use with `.where()`. The `in` operator finds documents where a specified field’s value is in a specified array. The `array-contains-any` operator finds documents where a specified field is an array and contains any element of a specified array.
* Added `Query.limitToLast(n: number)` which returns the last `n` documents as the result.
## Version 7.2.3 - October 31, 2019
* Improved error handling in installations calls.
### Cloud Firestore
* The client can now recover if certain periodic IndexedDB operations fail. Addresses #2232 (GitHub link).
### Analytics
* Added missing overload signatures for `logEvent` when using standard event names `add_payment_info` and `page_view`.
## Version 7.2.2 - October 24, 2019
* Fixed a change detection bug in rxFire.
* Switched to `ref.isEqual` when comparing documents to support collection groups for Cloud Firestore in rxFire.
### Cloud Firestore
* Improved iOS 13 support by eliminating an additional crash in our IndexedDB persistence layer.
## Version 7.2.1 - October 16, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a crash on iOS 13 that occurred when persistence was enabled in a background tab.
* Fixed an issue in the interaction with the Firestore Emulator that caused requests with timestamps to fail.
## Version 7.2.0 - October 10, 2019
* The `Installations.getToken()` method now accept an optional `forceRefresh` parameter.
### Remote Config
* Corrected the path of the `main` script in `package.json` file.
## Version 7.1.0 - October 3, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a `Firestore.onSnapshotsInSync()` method that notifies you when all your snapshot listeners are in sync with each other.
* Fixed a regression that caused queries with nested field filters to crash the client if the field was not present in the local copy of the document.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue that caused large numeric values with leading zeros to not always be sorted correctly.
### Analytics
* Fixed a bug where `firebase.analytics()` was not available when importing firebase as an all-in-one package.
* The `eventParams` param to `logEvent()` is now optional.
## Version 7.0.0 - September 26, 2019
* Breaking change: For TypeScript users, the required minimal TypeScript version is 2.8.0.
### FCM
* Breaking change: version 7.0.0 introduces a new service related to client app instance registration. If you are currently using FCM for web and want to upgrade to SDK 7.0.0 or later, you must enable the FCM Registration API for your project in the Google Cloud Console.
When you enable this service, make sure you are logged in to Cloud Console
with the same Google account you use for Firebase, and make sure to select the
correct project.
Please also make sure that `projectId`, `apiKey`, `appId` and
`messagingSenderId` are present in your app config. See how to get your app
config object.
No other migration tasks are required; once the API is enabled, pre-7.0.0 apps
will continue to function normally.
New projects adding the FCM SDK have this service enabled by default.
* Version 7.0.0 introduces the targeting of web apps for FCM messages sent from the Notifications composer. You can now target web notification messages by browser type and version as well as operating system. See Send messages with the Firebase Console.
### Analytics
* Added support for Analytics on web apps. See Get started with Google Analytics.
### Remote Config
* Added support for Remote Config on web apps. See Get started with Firebase Remote Config on web.
## Version 6.6.2 - September 19, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression introduced in 6.6.0 where `Document.toString()` throws an error.
## Version 6.6.1 - September 12, 2019
### Realtime Database
* Internal cleanup of code that supports Node.js.
## Version 6.6.0 - September 5, 2019
### Authentication
* Added support for multi-tenancy for Google Cloud Identity Platform developers.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a race condition between authenticating and initializing Firestore that could result in initial writes to the database being dropped.
## Version 6.5.0 - August 23, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a `Firestore.waitForPendingWrites()` method that allows users to wait until all pending writes are acknowledged by the Firestore backend.
* Added a `Firestore.terminate()` method which terminates the instance, releasing any held resources. Once it completes, you can optionally call `Firestore.clearPersistence()` to wipe persisted Firestore data from disk.
## Version 6.4.2 - August 23, 2019
* Changed `fromRef`, 'fromDocRef' and `fromCollectionRef` to accept an `option` parameter in rxFire.
### Performance Monitoring
* Fixed a regression introduced in 6.4.1 where built-in metrics collections threw errors.
## Version 6.4.1 - August 22, 2019
* The SDK no longer throws an error on duplicate service registration. This simplifies cases when multiple components each internally depend on another component and may each try to register it.
### Cloud Firestore
* Transactions now perform exponential backoff before retrying. This means transactions on highly contended documents are more likely to succeed.
### Performance Monitoring
* Performance Monitoring now validates performance metrics and attributes before storing them.
## Version 6.4.0 - August 15, 2019
### Realtime Database
* When parsing the Realtime Database URL, the `ns` URL query parameter will be treated as the default Realtime Database namespace name.
* Fixed an issue that caused `.info/serverTimeOffset` events not to fire.
## Version 6.3.5 - August 8, 2019
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where cached redirect results were not cleared after calling `signOut()` or `getRedirectResult()`.
## Version 6.3.4 - August 1, 2019
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue where multi-byte UTF-8 characters were not written correctly when using `firebase.js` or `firebase-database.js`.
## Version 6.3.3 - July 26, 2019
### Realtime Database
* Fixed a regression introduced in v6.3.2 causing errors when run in a browser environment.
## Version 6.3.2 - July 25, 2019
Caution: SDK version 6.3.2 has a serious issue in Realtime Database API
support. If your app uses Realtime Database, immediately upgrade to 6.3.3 or
higher.
### Realtime Database
* Added an environment variable (`FIREBASE_DATABASE_EMULATOR_HOST`) that allows developers to point the database emulator SDK to a local database emulator instance.
### Performance Monitoring
* The SDK has been updated to better handle errors when the Performance Monitoring library is imported in an environment without a `window` object (such as the server side of an SSR app) or a Performance Monitoring instance is initialized in such an environment.
## Version 6.3.1 - July 18, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Transactions are now more flexible. Some sequences of operations that were previously incorrectly disallowed are now allowed. For example, after reading a document that doesn't exist, you can now set it multiple times successfully in a transaction.
* Fixed an issue where query results were temporarily missing documents that previously had not matched but had been updated to now match the query.
## Version 6.3.0 - July 11, 2019
### Performance Monitoring
* Fixed an issue causing errors during page load in browser environments that don't support IndexedDB (such as when cookies are disabled).
## Version 6.2.4 - June 27, 2019
### Performance Monitoring
* Fixed an issue where Performance Monitoring throws an exception in unsupported environments. Now Performance Monitoring will not initialize in unsupported environments.
## Version 6.2.3 - June 24, 2019
### Authentication
* Fixed a bug causing errors in Node.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue causing some queries to return no results.
## Version 6.2.2 - June 21, 2019
Caution: SDK version 6.2.2 has a serious issue in Firestore API support. If
your app uses Firestore APIs, immediately upgrade to 6.2.3 or higher.
* Reverted change to the way the React Native bundle imports `AsyncStorage` as it was causing errors.
### Cloud Firestore
* Made error messages more informative for `AsyncQueue` errors on iOS.
## Version 6.2.1 - June 20, 2019
* Updated the React Native bundle to first try importing the `AsyncStorage` module from the recommended community package, if available, instead of the now-deprecated version bundled with React Native core.
* Fixed a bug in Firebase's environment check that can cause errors when Firebase is bundled into user code (using tools such as Rollup).
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue causing errors in environments that are missing `window.addEventListener`, such as React Native with Expo.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed an incorrect type on `Reference.put()` params.
## Version 6.2.0 - June 13, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Added `clearPersistence()`, which clears the persistent storage including pending writes and cached documents. This is intended to help write reliable tests.
* Added logging and a custom error message to help users hitting https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=197050 (a bug in iOS 12.2 causing the SDK to potentially crash when persistence is enabled).
## Version 6.1.1 - June 6, 2019
* Did some internal refactoring to improve type safety and documentation generation.
## Version 6.1.0 - May 28, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where an environment check fails in Node.js environments.
### Cloud Storage
* Added the ability to list objects in a bucket.
### Cloud Messaging
* Deprecated `requestPermission()`. Use the native browser API `Notification.requestPermission()` instead.
## Version 6.0.4 - May 23, 2019
* Browser environment check is now able to detect a web worker environment.
* `@firebase/app-types` and `@firebase/util` are now direct dependencies of the main `firebase` package.
### Cloud Firestore
* Cloud Firestore will gracefully fall back to memory persistence when the user is in Firefox Private Browsing.
* Cloud Firestore now recovers more quickly after network connectivity changes (airplane mode, Wi-Fi availability, etc.).
## Version 6.0.2 - May 9, 2019
* Browser environment check now works correctly without throwing an error in non-browser environments.
### Cloud Firestore
* Updated `gRPC` to 1.20.3 to support Node.js 12 and Electron v5.0.
## Version 6.0.1 - May 8, 2019
### Authentication
* Fixed a regression introduced in 6.0.0 that caused code to access a removed property.
## Version 6.0.0 - May 7, 2019
* Breaking change: Removed polyfills in the Firebase package. Now developers must decide which polyfills to include based on the environments they need to support. This ensures only required polyfills are included, reducing application size. See Environment Support.
### Authentication
* Breaking change: Removed previously deprecated APIs.
Removed Replaced by
`signInAndRetrieveDataWithCustomToken` `signInWithCustomToken`
`signInAnonymouslyAndRetrieveData` `signInAnonymously`
`createUserAndRetrieveDataWithEmailAndPassword`
`createUserWithEmailAndPassword`
`signInAndRetrieveDataWithEmailAndPassword` `signInWithEmailAndPassword`
`fetchProvidersForEmail` `fetchSignInMethodsForEmail`
* Breaking change: Updated the return type signature for `signInWithCredential` and `linkWithCredential` to a promise that resolves with a `UserCredential` instead of a `User`.
* Changed `reauthenticateWithCredential` to return a promise that resolves with a `UserCredential`.
* Deprecated the following APIs Deprecated Use instead
`signInAndRetrieveDataWithCredential` `signInWithCredential`
`linkAndRetrieveDataWithCredential` `linkWithCredential`
`reauthenticateAndRetrieveDataWithCredential` `reauthenticateWithCredential`
### Cloud Firestore
* You can now query across all collections in your database with a given collection ID using the `FirebaseFirestore.collectionGroup()` method.
* Deprecated the `experimentalTabSynchronization` setting in favor of `synchronizeTabs`. If you use multi-tab synchronization, it is recommended that you update your call to `enablePersistence()`. Firestore logs an error if you continue to use `experimentalTabSynchronization`.
### Realtime Database
* Breaking change: Improved consistency between the type annotations for `Query.on`/`Reference.on`, `Query.off`/`Reference.off` and `Query.once`/`Reference.once`.
### Performance Monitoring
* This release contains the new Performance Monitoring Client SDK. Visit the Performance Monitoring for Web Getting Started guide.
## Version 5.10.1 - April 25, 2019
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where duplicate auth events could cause errors when using `signInWithPopup()`.
* Fixed an issue where the SDK could fail to detect that it is in a service worker environment.
* Added an error message that appears when the client attempts to perform an admin-only operation.
### Cloud Firestore
* Enabled the SDK to recognize older versions of iOS Safari and Android when checking if persistence can be enabled.
## Version 5.10.0 - April 18, 2019
### Authentication
* Added serialization and deserialization methods to AuthCredential classes.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added an `experimentalForceLongPolling` setting that can be used to work around proxies that prevent the Firestore client from connecting to the Firestore backend.
## Version 5.9.4 - April 11, 2019
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed an incorrect type definition in `UploadTask.on()` params.
## Version 5.9.3 - April 4, 2019
### Cloud Messaging
* Refactored to use const enum for `ErrorCode`.
## Version 5.9.2 - Mar 28, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a missing type definition for `firestore.FieldValue.increment`.
## Version 5.9.1 - Mar 21, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Increased a connection timeout that could lead to large writes perpetually retrying without ever succeeding.
* Fixed an issue where transactions in a NodeJS app could be sent without auth credentials, leading to Permission Denied errors.
* Fixed an issue with IndexedDb persistence that triggered an internal assert for Queries that use nested `DocumentReferences` in `where()` clauses.
## Version 5.9.0 - Mar 14, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Added `FieldValue.increment()`, which can be used in `update()` and `set(..., {merge:true})` to increment or decrement numeric field values safely without transactions.
* Prepared the persistence layer to support collection group queries. While this feature is not yet available, all schema changes are included in this release. Once you upgrade, you will not be able to use an older version of the Firestore SDK with persistence enabled.
### FCM
* The SDK now does not send messages to Chrome Extension background pages, which previously caused notifications not to display.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed an incorrect type definition.
## Version 5.8.6 - Mar 7, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Improved performance when querying over documents that contain subcollections.
## Version 5.8.5 - Mar 1, 2019
* Added a warning that appears in the console at runtime if a Firebase browser bundle is loaded in a node environment.
### Authentication
* Added `OAuthCredential` type as an exposed type.
* Fixed `updateProfile()` so each property passed to it is optional.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Added timeouts and ability to customize them to `HttpsCallables`.
## Version 5.8.4 - Feb 21, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an uncaught promise error occurring when `enablePersistence()` was called in a second tab.
### Testing SDK
* Made rulesets that don't compile throw errors.
## Version 5.8.3 - Feb 14, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Improved error handling for `endAt` queries.
## Version 5.8.2 - Jan 31, 2019
* Added a missing file to the files array in package.json.
* Fixed some errors in the documentation.
## Version 5.8.1 - Jan 24, 2019
* Added the missing depenedency to auth-types and storage-types packages.
### Testing SDK
* Added `clearFirestoreData()` to delete data between tests.
## Version 5.8.0 - Jan 17, 2019
* Added a type definition file for all firebase components, so that they work with TypeScript with dynamic import.
### Cloud Firestore
* BREAKING: The `timestampsInSnapshots` setting is now enabled by default. Now, timestamp fields read from a `DocumentSnapshot` will be returned as `Timestamp` objects instead of `Date`. Any code expecting to receive a `Date` object must be updated.
* Fixed a crash that could happen when the app is shut down after a write has been sent to the server but before it has been received on a listener.
## Version 5.7.2 - Jan 10, 2019
* Fixed a packaging issue where some external dependencies were included in the Firebase package.
* Added syntax highlights to the README file.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression introduced in 5.7.0 that caused apps using experimentalTabSynchronization to hit an exception for "Failed to obtain primary lease for action 'Collect garbage'".
## Version 5.7.1 - Dec 20, 2018
### Authentication
* Added SAML providers and exposed the API to enable OIDC providers.
* Changed the email validation logic to allow international email addresses.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a custom error for schema downgrades.
## Version 5.7.0 - Dec 6, 2018
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a garbage collection process to on-disk persistence that removes older documents. This is enabled automatically if persistence is enabled, and the SDK will attempt to periodically clean up older, unused documents once the on-disk cache passes a threshold size (default: 40 MB). This threshold can be configured by changing the setting `cacheSizeBytes` in the settings passed to `Firestore.settings()`. It must be set to a minimum of 1 MB. The garbage collection process can be disabled entirely by setting `cacheSizeBytes` to `CACHE_SIZE_UNLIMITED`.
* Updated gRPC version to support Node 11.
## Version 5.6.0 - Nov 29, 2018
### Authentication
* Added the ability to customize the dynamic link domain for email actions.
## Version 5.5.9 - Nov 20, 2018
* Updated mocha to version 5.2.0.
* Corrected syntax errors for Realtime Database example in rxFire documentation.
### Cloud Firestore
* Capped the amount of exponential backoff gRPC will use for reconnection attempts to 100ms.
## Version 5.5.8 - Nov 8, 2018
### Authentication
* Added a source map to faciliate easy debugging.
## Version 5.5.7 - Nov 1, 2018
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Added the type definition for the `useFunctionsEmulator` method in the Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK.
## Version 5.5.6 - Oct 25, 2018
* Changed to distribute component libraries in UMD format from the CDN.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where the library is not compatible with IE 11.
## Version 5.5.5 - Oct 18, 2018
* Updated documentation to include examples for typescript and native es6 module in Node.js environment.
* Fixed the import path for Authentication in rxFire documentation.
## Version 5.5.4 - Oct 11, 2018
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where the `this` variable was changed to undefined incorrectly.
### Cloud Firestore
* Removed fallback based on `eval()` for JSON parsing, allowing SDK to be used in environments that prohibit `eval()`.
## Version 5.5.3 - Oct 4, 2018
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue that prevented query synchronization between multiple tabs.
* Start tracking document usage in preparation for LRU Garbage Collection.
## Version 5.5.2 - Sep 27, 2018
* Fixed a browser compatibility issue with Safari 9 when loading individual components using the CDN.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where native ES6 module loading was not working.
### Authentication
* Added a new phone auth error message for malformed or mismatching credentials.
## Version 5.5.1 - Sep 19, 2018
* Updated the dependency version for the closure compiler, so it works with Java 10.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where typings are created in the wrong location.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue where typings are created in the wrong location.
## Version 5.5.0 - Sep 12, 2018
* Fixed an issue where typings for the firebase package were referenced incorrectly.
### Cloud Firestore
* Access to offline persistence is no longer limited to a single tab. You can opt into this new experimental mode by invoking `enablePersistence()` with `{experimentalTabSynchronization: true}`. All tabs accessing persistence must use the same setting for this flag.
* Fixed an issue where the first `get()` call made after being offline could incorrectly return cached data without attempting to reach the backend.
* Changed `get()` to only make 1 attempt to reach the backend before returning cached data, potentially reducing delays while offline. Previously it would make 2 attempts, to work around a backend bug.
* Fixed an issue that caused us to drop empty objects from calls to `set(..., { merge: true })`.
* Improved argument validation for several API methods.
* Changed the internal handling for locally updated documents that haven't yet been read back from Cloud Firestore. This can lead to slight behavior changes and may affect the `SnapshotMetadata.hasPendingWrites` metadata flag.
* Eliminated superfluous update events for locally cached documents that are known to lag behind the server version. Instead, we buffer these events until the client has caught up with the server.
## Version 5.4.2 - August 30, 2018
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where the `navigator` global was unavailable in some environments.
## Version 5.4.1 - August 23, 2018
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression that prevented use of Cloud Firestore on ReactNative's Expo platform (#1138).
### Authentication
* Fixed an isssue in the IndexedDB implementation that was slow for some browsers.
* Fixed a memory leak in the IndexedDB implementation.
## Version 5.4.0 - August 16, 2018
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed `get({source: 'cache'})` to be able to return nonexistent documents from cache.
* Prepared the persistence layer to allow shared access from multiple tabs. While this feature is not yet available, all schema changes are included in this release. Once you upgrade, you will not be able to use an older version of the Firestore SDK with persistence enabled.
* Fixed an issue where changes to custom authentication claims did not take effect until you did a full sign-out and sign-in. (firebase/firebase-ios-sdk#1499)
## Version 5.3.1 - August 3, 2018
### Cloud Firestore
* Improved how Firestore handles idle queries to reduce the cost of re-listening within 30 minutes.
* Improved offline performance with many outstanding writes.
## Version 5.3.0 - July 19, 2018
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where redirect results were being handled incorrectly for deleted Auth instances.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where queries returned fewer results than they should, caused by documents that were cached as deleted when they should not have been (firebase/firebase-ios-sdk#1548). Because some cache data is cleared, clients might use extra bandwidth the first time they launch with this version of the SDK.
* Added `firebase.firestore.FieldValue.arrayUnion()` and `firebase.firestore.FieldValue.arrayRemove()` to atomically add and remove elements from an array field in a document.
* Added `'array-contains'` query operator for use with `.where()` to find documents where an array field contains a specific element.
## Version 5.2.0 - June 28, 2018
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Added a method that allows the Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK to use a local Functions Emulator.
* Added support for specifying a region for a given function.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue that caused database to not work on IE 11.
## Version 5.1.0 - June 21, 2018
* Fixed an issue with the typings where the firebase namespace wasn't being exported.
### Authentication
* Added an ES Module export of Firebase Auth
* Fixed an issue with the IndexedDB fallback logic
## Version 5.0.4 - May 24, 2018
* Update the README.md files for our scoped packages on NPM (i.e. `@firebase/app`, `@firebase/auth`, `@firebase/database`, etc) to properly reflect the officially supported API.
### FCM
* Fixed an issue where VAPID keys weren't being handled correctly.
### Cloud Firestore
* Improved the messaging when unable to connect to the backend servers.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed the typings for `forEach` and `forEachChild` to properly support all valid return types.
## Version 5.0.3 - May 17, 2018
* Fixed a regression that was causing the `import * as firebase from 'firebase';` syntax to fail.
### FCM
* Fixed an issue where the messaging types were inconsistent with our documentation.
### Cloud Firestore
* Updated our GRPC dependency which fixed an issue some users had during `npm install`.
## Version 5.0.2 - May 10, 2018
* Fixed an issue where some of the nested imports (e.g. `firebase/app`) weren't exposing the proper types.
### FCM
* Changed a behavior where, if a VAPID key did not exist, an error was thrown.
## Version 5.0.1 - May 8, 2018
* Fixed an issue with our typings that was preventing Typescript apps from compiling.
## Version 5.0.0 - May 8, 2018
* Refactored the top-level Firebase entrypoints (e.g. `import firebase from 'firebase';`) to additionally include the Firestore and Functions components which were previously excluded by default. Developers using these bundles will find a warning in the browser console instructing them how to include only the components they are using, which will improve the performance of their applications.
### Authentication
* Exposes the new `Auth.settings.appVerificationDisabledForTesting` flag for disabling reCAPTCHA app verification used for phone authentication integration testing with whitelisted phone numbers.
* Exposes the new `Auth.updateCurrentUser` API for copying `firebase.User` objects between Firebase apps.
* Updated the return type signature for `signInWithEmailAndPassword`, `signInWithCustomToken`, `signInAnonymously` and `createUserWithEmailAndPassword` to return a promise that resolves with a `UserCredential` instead of a user.
* Removed `getToken` API in favor of `getIdToken` and `getIdTokenResult`.
* Deprecated `signInWithCredential`, `linkWithCredential`, `reauthenticateWithCredential` and `fetchProvidersForEmail` in favor of `signInAndRetrieveDataWithCredential`, `linkAndRetrieveDataWithCredential`, `reauthenticateAndRetrieveDataWithCredential` and `fetchSignInMethodsForEmail`.
* Improved detection of external auth state changes for synchronizing Auth state between different windows.
### Realtime Database
* Removed the private `path` property from `firebase.database.Reference`.
### Cloud Firestore
* Merged the `includeQueryMetadataChanges` and `includeDocumentMetadataChanges` options passed to `Query.onSnapshot()` into a single `includeMetadataChanges` option.
* `QuerySnapshot.docChanges()` is now a method that optionally takes an `includeMetadataChanges` option. By default, even when listening to a query with `{ includeMetadataChanges:true }`, metadata-only document changes are suppressed in `docChanges()`.
* Added new `{ mergeFields: (string|FieldPath)[] }` option to `set()` which allows merging of a reduced subset of fields.
### Cloud Storage
* Removed the previously deprecated `FullMetadata.downloadURLs` and `UploadTaskSnapshot.downloadURL` properties.
## Version 4.13.0 - April 19, 2018
* Added support for an alternate `initializeApp` syntax, to facilitate additional config options.
* Fixed the version of our `devDependencies` throughout the SDK to ensure that build/test changes are picked up in future releases.
* Refactored to use core-js for our Polyfills/Shims.
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where `navigator.onLine` sometimes errantly reports `false`.
* Fixed an issue where Firefox multi-tab/private mode browsing threw errors with our IndexedDB implementation.
* Exposes the new `getIdTokenResult` API for `firebase.User` objects.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a new `Timestamp` class to represent timestamp fields, currently supporting up to microsecond precision. It can be passed to API methods anywhere a JS Date object is currently accepted. To make `DocumentSnapshot`s read timestamp fields back as `Timestamp`s instead of Dates, you can set the newly added flag `timestampsInSnapshots` in `FirestoreSettings` to `true`. Note that the current behavior (`DocumentSnapshot`s returning JS Date objects) will be removed in a future release. `Timestamp` supports higher precision than JS Date.
* Added ability to control whether `DocumentReference.get()` and `Query.get()` should fetch from server only, (by passing `{ source: 'server' }`), cache only (by passing `{ source: 'cache' }`), or attempt server and fall back to the cache (which was the only option previously, and is now the default).
### FCM
* Fixed an issue where `getToken` was throwing errors in Worker environments.
* General cleanup and hardening of the entire messaging codebase. added Typescript types, additional tests, etc.
### Cloud Storage
* Deprecated the `FullMetadata.downloadURLs` and `UploadTaskSnapshot.downloadURL` properties in favor of `Reference.getDownloadURL()`
## Version 4.12.1 - March 29, 2018
* Fixed an issue where Typescript would throw errors due to duplicate symbols.
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where several of the new APIs were missing from the firebase package typings.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression in the Firebase JS release 4.11.0 that could cause get() requests made while offline to be delayed by up to 10 seconds (rather than returning from cache immediately).
* Fixed an issue where some NPM users were seeing large performance degradations on Edge.
* Fixed an issue where several APIs were missing from the firebase package typings.
### FCM
* Improved error messaging around the `useServiceWorker` function to better communicate the intended use case.
## Version 4.12.0 - March 20, 2018
### Authentication
* Added several APIs to support the new passwordless email sign in feature.
* `fetchSignInMethodsForEmail`
* `isSignInWithEmailLink`
* `sendSignInLinkToEmail`
* `signInWithEmailLink`
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
This release contains the new Firebase Functions Client SDK, with support for
HTTPS Callable Functions. See Call Functions from Your App.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression in the Firebase JS release 4.11.0 that could cause a crash if a user signs out while the client is offline, resulting in an error of "Attempted to schedule multiple operations with timer id listen_stream_connection_backoff".
## Version 4.11.0 - March 8, 2018
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue where certain browser APIs weren't available in IE 11.
* Added the ability to create a new reference from an existing database reference.
### Cloud Firestore
* If the SDK's attempt to connect to the Cloud Firestore backend doesn't succeed or fails within 10 seconds, the SDK will consider itself "offline", causing get() calls to resolve with cached results, rather than continuing to wait.
## Version 4.10.1 - February 22, 2018
* Did some internal refactoring to support the use of modern typescript APIs across the codebase (thanks merlinnot for the PR!)
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue where users were unintentionally receiving an "Invalid query string" warning (see this issue).
### FCM
* Fixed an issue where some users received duplicate notifications.
* Fixed an issue with a missing API in the typings.
## Version 4.10.0 - February 15, 2018
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where Microsoft Edge users were seeing slow response times.
### Realtime Database
* Allow users passing custom database URLs, to set the namespace via the `ns` query parameter.
### FCM
* Added the `usePublicVapidKey` API to facilitate custom server application key usage.
## Version 4.9.1 - February 1, 2018
* Fixed an issue where ES6 wildcard imports were breaking Closure Compiler (thanks @Doehl for the PR!)
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue with universal link subscriptions when multiple listeners are registered.
### Realtime Database
* Allow users to set the database URL to a localhost value (thanks @rynobax for the PR!)
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression in Firebase JS release 4.9.0 that could in certain cases result in an "OnlineState should not affect limbo documents." assertion crash when the client loses its network connection.
## Version 4.9.0 - January 18, 2018
* Snapshot listeners (with the `includeMetadataChanges` option enabled) now receive an event with `snapshot.metadata.fromCache` set to `true` if the SDK loses its connection to the backend. A new event with `snapshot.metadata.fromCache` set to false will be raised once the connection is restored and the query is in sync with the backend again.
* Added `SnapshotOptions` API to control how DocumentSnapshots return unresolved server timestamps.
* Added `disableNetwork()` and `enableNetwork()` methods to `Firestore` class, allowing for explicit network management.
* For non-existing documents, `DocumentSnapshot.data()` now returns `undefined` instead of throwing an exception. A new `QueryDocumentSnapshot` class is introduced for Queries to reduce the number of undefined-checks in your code.
* Added `isEqual` API to `GeoPoint`, `Blob`, `SnapshotMetadata`, `DocumentSnapshot`, `QuerySnapshot`, `CollectionReference`, `FieldValue` and `FieldPath`.
* A "Could not reach Firestore backend." message will be logged when the initial connection to the Firestore backend fails.
* A "Using maximum backoff delay to prevent overloading the backend." message will be logged when we get a resource-exhausted error from the backend.
## Version 4.8.2 - January 11, 2018
* Fixed some regressions that were introduced in the typings refactor from the last release.
* Added the missing "author" field to the package.json files of each of the NPM packages.
## Version 4.8.1 - December 18, 2017
* Refactored the typings setup across the SDK.
### Cloud Firestore
* A "Could not reach Firestore backend." message will be logged when the initial connection to the Firestore backend fails.
* A "Using maximum backoff delay to prevent overloading the backend." message will be logged when we get a resource-exhausted error from the backend.
## Version 4.8.0 - December 7, 2017
### Authentication
* Added new APIs `firebase.auth.Auth.prototype.createUserAndRetrieveDataWithEmailAndPassword`, `firebase.auth.Auth.prototype.signInAndRetrieveDataWithCustomToken`, `firebase.auth.Auth.prototype.signInAndRetrieveDataWithEmailAndPassword` and `firebase.auth.Auth.prototype.signInAnonymouslyAndRetrieveData` which function the same as their counterparts but return a promise that resolves with a `firebase.auth.UserCredential` instead of a `firebase.User`. These methods will be eventually renamed to replace the older methods.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue with the Firestore webchannel integration that prevented use of firestore in worker environments.
## Version 4.7.0 - November 30, 2017
### Cloud Firestore
* Added Node.js support for Cloud Firestore (with the exception of offline persistence).
* Refactor Webchannel integration to avoid extra CORS preflight requests.
## Version 4.6.2 - November 9, 2017
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where `localStorage` errors were not being caught properly.
* Return auth/user-disabled instead of auth/internal-error when signing in with an OAuth provider using a disabled account.
### Cloud Firestore
* Network streams are automatically closed after 60 seconds of idleness.
* We no longer log 'RPC failed' messages for expected failures.
* Fixed an "Image is not defined" error when using Cloud Firestore from React Native.
## Version 4.6.1 - November 2, 2017
* Updated dependency versions across the different sub packages.
### Authentication
* Released the Open Source auth codebase.
* Automatically resets the reCAPTCHA after the phone authentication flow is triggered to prevent the same reCAPTCHA token from being sent in subsequent calls.
## Version 4.6.0 - October 19, 2017
### Authentication
* Added `firebase.User.prototype.metadata` which includes information about user creation time and last sign in time.
* Added the `isNewUser` property to `firebase.auth.AdditionalUserInfo`, which is returned by sign in methods to indicate whether a user is a new or returning user.
* Fixed a `TypeError` thrown after manually clearing localStorage
### Realtime Database
* Fixed a regression introduced in version `4.5.1` where authenticated user info was not properly being passed to the server, causing reads and writes to fail with `permission_denied` errors.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed the validation of nested arrays to allow indirect nesting.
* We now support `FieldValue.delete()` sentinels in `set()` calls with `{merge:true}`.
## Version 4.5.2 - October 16, 2017
* Fixed an issue where the "react-native" property was missing from the firebase package.json.
* Fixed an issue where `firebase.SDK_VERSION` was returning the placeholder string.
## Version 4.5.1 - October 12, 2017
* Refactored the internal module structure to make our package more modular and easier to maintain.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue causing exceptions when trying to use `firebase.firestore.FieldPath.documentId()` in an `orderBy()` or `where()` clause in a query.
## Version 4.5.0 - October 2, 2017
* Added support for Cloud Firestore. For more information, see the following resources::
* Blog post
* Web getting started guide
* Reference Documentation
## Version 4.4.0 - September 21, 2017
### Authentication
* Fixed some issues with null initialization of several classes in the externs files.
### Realtime Database
* Added multi-resource support to the database SDK.
## Version 4.3.1 - September 7, 2017
### Authentication
* Fixed issue with typings for features released in 4.3.0
## Version 4.3.0 - August 17, 2017
### Authentication
* Added client side localization for email actions (password reset, email verification, etc), phone authentication SMS messages, OAuth flows and reCAPTCHA verification.
* Added the ability to pass a continue URL/state when triggering a password reset/email verification which gives a user the ability to go back to the app after completion. In addition, added support for the ability to open these links directly from a mobile app instead of a web flow using Firebase Dynamic Links. See the docs for more information.
* Fixed issue with IE10 state synchronization across tabs
## Version 4.2.0 - July 27, 2017
### Authentication
* Added ability to configure state persistence. See the docs for more information.
* Added missing `phoneNumber` property on `provideData` objects.
* Fixed temporary error message when opening a popup for sign-in, prominent in some IE browsers.
* Refactored to not use `navigator.onLine` for offline detection in Cordova environments.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue where database references were missing a `toJSON` method.
## Version 4.1.5 - July 25, 2017
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where authenticated realtime database access wasn't possible.
## Version 4.1.4 - July 24, 2017
* Bundle size improvements for `firebase-app.js`, `firebase-storage.js`, `firebase-messaging.js`.
### Realtime Database
* Refactored internal implementation to TypeScript.
## Version 4.1.3 - June 21, 2017
* Fixed an issue where certain app names were invalid
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue with the PhoneAuthProvider typings
* Fixed an issue where network errors from `signInWithRedirect` were cached even after the network connection stabilized.
* Fixed an issue where Cordova OAuth redirects in iOS apps were failing due iOS bundle ID case sensitive checks.
## Version 4.1.2 - June 6, 2017
* Fixed an issue where sourcemaps weren't pointing to the actual Typescript source code.
* Fixed an issue where `FirebaseAppImpl.prototype` was being incorrectly patched.
* Fixed an issue where loading the SDK from our CDN, while also providing a chunked webpack build, was duplicating the `webpackJsonp` namespace.
## Version 4.1.1 - May 31, 2017
* Fixed an issue where the default storage bucket was not being initialized correctly.
## Version 4.1.0 - May 30, 2017
* Allow for lazy initialization of Firebase components (i.e. Authentication, Realtime Database, Cloud Storage, FCM).
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where the SDK could trigger an infinite loop when loaded in an iFrame on Safari.
## Version 4.0.0 - May 17, 2017
### Authentication for Servers
* Removed support for deprecated `serviceAccount` and `credential` properties from the Node.js SDK. If you were previously using the Firebase JavaScript SDK to use these properties, use the Firebase Admin Node.js SDK instead.
### Authentication
* Added support for phone number authentication using the following APIs:
* `PhoneAuthProvider`
* `firebase.auth.Auth.prototype.signInWithPhoneNumber`
* `firebase.User.prototype.linkWithPhoneNumber`
* `firebase.User.prototype.reauthenticateWithPhoneNumber`
* Augmented the IdP data (for a list of all supported fields see `firebase.auth.UserCredential`) returned by the following APIs:
* `firebase.auth.Auth.prototype.signInAndRetrieveDataWithCredential`
* `firebase.User.prototype.linkAndRetrieveDataWithCredential`
* `firebase.User.prototype.reauthenticateAndRetrieveDataWithCredential`
* Added the `firebase.auth.Auth.prototype.onIdTokenChanged` method that triggers on ID token changes.
* Fixed an issue where new anonymous users were created on page load instead of returning an existing one.
* Fixed an issue where `firebase.User.prototype.updateProfile` was not triggering an update in password provider data.
* Deprecated `firebase.User.prototype.getToken` in favor of `firebase.User.prototype.getIdToken`.
* BREAKING: `firebase.auth.Auth.prototype.onAuthStateChanged` now triggers on sign in and sign out.
* BREAKING: `firebase.User.prototype.reauthenticate` has been removed in favor of `firebase.User.prototype.reauthenticateWithCredential`.
* BREAKING: `firebase.User.prototype.link` has been removed in favor of `firebase.User.prototype.linkWithCredential`.
* BREAKING: `firebase.AuthCredential.prototype.provider` has been removed in favor of `firebase.AuthCredential.prototype.providerId`.
## Version 3.9.0 - April 25, 2017
### Authentication
* Deprecated `firebase.auth.authCredential.prototype.provider` in favor of the `firebase.auth.AuthCredential.prototype.providerId` property.
* Fixed an issue where Cordova apps were seeing unusual delays in authentication.
## Version 3.8.0 - April 18, 2017
* Provide source maps for firebase-app.js.
### Authentication
* Added new APIs `reauthenticateWithPopup` and `reauthenticateWithRedirect` for reauthenticating with an OAuth provider using a popup or a redirect.
* Added the `operationType` property to the `firebase.auth.UserCredential` object to determine if the result was obtained from a `signIn`, `link` or `reauthenticate` operation.
* Added support for Cordova OAuth sign-in using the `signInWithRedirect`, `linkWithRedirect`, and `reauthenticateWithRedirect` methods.
* Deprecated `firebase.User.prototype.link` in favor of the `firebase.User.prototype.linkWithCredential` method.
* Deprecated `firebase.User.prototype.reauthenticate` in favor of the `firebase.User.prototype.reauthenticateWithCredential` method.
## Version 3.7.8 - April 14, 2017
* Fixed an issue where `npm-shrinkwrap.json` was not being generated correctly.
## Version 3.7.7 - April 14, 2017
* Fixed an issue where undefined symbols caused an error to be thrown in older browsers.
## Version 3.7.6 - April 11, 2017
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where removal of a legacy options object broke older clients.
## Version 3.7.5 - April 4, 2017
### Cloud Storage
* Provide higher-granularity progress updates for object uploads.
## Version 3.7.4 - March 28, 2017
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue where `firebase.database().ref().push()`, would trigger an infinite loop if the returned `.then()` function was called.
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where `firebase.User.reauthenticate()` was creating new users if passed an OAuth credential for a user that didn't exist.
## Version 3.7.3 - March 21, 2017
### Realtime Database
* Fixed error messaging for invalid calls to `Query.equalTo()`.
## Version 3.7.2 - March 14, 2017
* Fixed an issue where some components erroneously allowed creation of multiple instances.
## Version 3.7.1 - March 9, 2017
### Authentication
* Updated `firebase.auth().signInWithPopup()` to work properly in Chrome extensions.
* Improved session handling for prolonged usage of the Realtime Database.
## Version 3.7.0 - March 1, 2017
### Cloud Storage
* Added support for using multiple buckets within Cloud Storage.
## Version 3.6.10 - February 21, 2017
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed an issue where the `catch()` method didn't exist on `UploadTask`.
## Version 3.6.9 - February 7, 2017
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue that broke `firebase.auth().signInWithCredential()` in a browser environment when the current URL has the OAuth 2.0-specific `state` query parameter.
## Version 3.6.8 - January 31, 2017
* Fixed an issue with some module bundlers. The npm (commonjs) modules no longer require a `global` variable to be set explicitly and fallback to `window` or `self` if `global` is not defined.
### Authentication
* Increased authentication timeouts for network requests to handle slow network connections.
* Fixed authentication module Node.js detection to be compatible with browserify.
* Modified `firebase.auth().signInWithPopup()` to work for apps embedded in a sandboxed iframe.
* Fixed the Android Chrome bug for triggering internal-errors in `firebase.auth().signInWithPopup()`
* Fixed an issue that broke `firebase.auth().signInWithCredential()` and `firebase.auth().fetchProvidersForEmail()` in non http/https environments like chrome-extensions.
* Fixed progress bar styling in the OAuth helper for popup/redirect operations.
## Version 3.6.7 - January 24, 2017
* Improved Firebase app errors to return error codes prefixed with `app/` consistent with other Firebase service errors.
## Version 3.6.6 - January 17, 2017
* Fixed support for TypeScript and ES6 imports of individual SDK modules (see the npm package README for more information).
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue on Chrome for iOS where a blank gray screen was being displayed when `signInWithPopup()` does not require additional user interaction (because the user is already signed in and has previously consented to the requested scopes).
## Version 3.6.5 - January 10, 2017
### Cloud Storage
* Improved error messages when invalid metadata is passed to the `put`, `putString`, or `updateMetadata` methods.
## Version 3.6.4 - December 13, 2016
### Realtime Database
* Added the missing `firebase.database.ServerValue.TIMESTAMP` property to the TypeScript type declarations (`firebase.d.ts`).
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed an issue where percent-encoded data in a data URL was not decoded.
### Authentication
* Optimized offline detection to reduce the frequency of network timeouts.
## Version 3.6.3 - December 6, 2016
* Changed the packaging of browser npm modules to fix an issue that occurred when using Cloud Storage with the Browserify and webpack module bundlers.
## Version 3.6.2 - November 29, 2016
* Updated file attributes in the Firebase npm package to be compatible with the Yarn Package Manager.
* Updated the jsonwebtoken version used in the Firebase npm package.
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue that prevented user authentication states from persisting when using Firebase Authentication with React Native versions 0.37 and higher.
## Version 3.6.1 - November 15, 2016
### Cloud Storage
* Reduced the SDK download size.
* Fixed networking issues affecting React Native on Android.
### Authentication
* Added missing definitions for `setCustomParameters()` methods in the firebase.d.ts file for TypeScript users.
## Version 3.6.0 - November 8, 2016
### Authentication for Servers
* SDK authentication with a service account on Node.js, and the corresponding token minting and verification methods, has been deprecated in favor of a new Node.js Admin SDK. To learn more, go to Admin SDK Setup. To see the Node.js Admin API reference, go to Admin SDK API Reference.
### Authentication
* Fixed an incorrect popup blocked error that occurred in the Chrome browser on iOS 7 and 8.
## Version 3.5.3 - November 1, 2016
* Reduced the SDK download size.
### Authentication
* Fixed issues with redirect and pop-up sign-in methods when using browsers that block third-party cookies and site data.
## Version 3.5.2 - October 24, 2016
### Authentication
* Increase the request timeout interval for mobile devices to improve performance on high-latency networks.
## Version 3.5.1 - October 19, 2016
### Cloud Messaging
* Added a check to validate the `gcm_sender_id`.
* Fixed a race condition that occurs when using the Firefox web browser.
## Version 3.5.0 - October 14, 2016
### Authentication
* Added support for custom OAuth parameters using the `GoogleAuthProvider.setCustomParameters()`, `FacebookAuthProvider.setCustomParameters()`, and `GithubAuthProvider.setCustomParameters()` methods.
### Cloud Messaging
* Introduction of Firebase Cloud Messaging for the JavaScript SDK.
## Version 3.4.1 - September 27, 2016
### Realtime Database
* Ensure that the SDK does not prevent Node.js from shutting down the process. Calling `firebase.database().goOffline()` or `firebase.app().delete()` should be sufficient for Node.js to exit now.
* Fixed a bug where the database inadvertently created a global variable on the window object.
* Use of the `update()` method now only cancels transactions that are directly included in the updated paths (not transactions in adjacent paths). For example, an update at `/move` for a child node `walk` will cancel transactions at `/`, `/move`, and `/move/walk` and in any child nodes under `/move/walk`. But, it will no longer cancel transactions at sibling nodes, such as `/move/run`.
### Cloud Storage
* Improved network utilization for file uploads.
## Version 3.4.0 - September 14, 2016
### Realtime Database
* New `Query.isEqual()` method allows for comparing any `Reference` or `Query` for equality.
## Version 3.3.2 - September 8, 2016
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue with `signInWithPopup()` not working with Internet Explorer.
## Version 3.3.1 - September 7, 2016
* Added an error message when attempting to use a service account in non-Node.js environments.
### Authentication
* Fixed backend error messages that were being truncated.
* Fixed an error where user properties were not automatically refreshed on page reload.
* The user's credential and email are now returned when account linking throws the following errors: `auth/credential-already-in-use` and `auth/email-already-in-use`.
* Modified the Facebook login and OAuth grant permissions screen to work better in popup-sized windows.
* This release has an issue with `signInWithPopup()` not working with Internet Explorer. You can continue to use version 3.3.0 or earlier until this is fixed in a future release.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed an issue where `contentType` in custom metadata was being ignored for string-format uploads.
## Version 3.3.0 - August 16, 2016
### Authentication
* Client Authentication APIs are now available in Node.js. When you call `intializeApp()`, pass a `serviceAccount` to use the Authentication for Servers APIs in your app, or pass an `apiKey` to use the client Authentication APIs.
* Network error handling for sign in and link with popup operations.
* Long popup cancellation timeouts.
* When you use `signInWithRedirect`, the `onAuthStateChanged` observer now waits until `getRedirectResult` resolves before triggering. (In older versions, the observer would trigger twice: once when the page loaded, and a second time when `getRedirectResult` resolved.)
### Realtime Database
* A warning is no longer logged if you don't provide an `apiKey` when initializing the SDK and just want to have unauthenticated access to your Realtime Database. Security Rules are still in effect even if you do not provide an `apiKey`.
### Cloud Storage
* Added support for string and base64 encoded uploads (`Reference.put()` and `Reference.putString()`).
## Version 3.2.1 - July 26, 2016
* Typescript 2.0 type definitions added to npm package.
### Authentication
* Fixed issues with Safari private mode.
* More detailed debugging messages for internal errors.
## Version 3.2.0 - July 12, 2016
### Cloud Storage
* `UploadTask` can now be used like a Promise, and resolves with its snapshot data when the upload completes.
### Authentication
* Github login responsiveness.
* Missing display names in profile scope for some Google accounts.
### Authentication for Servers
* Added `uid` to the decoded token returned by `verifyIdToken()`. It is set to the ID token's `sub` (subject) claim.
## Version 3.1.0 - June 28, 2016
### Authentication
* Replace use of browser-specific APIs that were blocking use of React Native from the JavaScript SDK.
* The Node.js SDK now supports unauthenticated access. If no service account is provided, Realtime Database access will be restricted just as any unauthenticated client would be. In this case, certain methods (like creating and verifying tokens) will throw an error.
## Version 3.0.5 - June 14, 2016
### Authentication
* Fixed JSON parsing error when used in Chrome extensions.
* Corrected server URLs used by library when using localhost for debugging.
### Cloud Storage
* Allows use of `"gs://bucket"` instead of `"bucket"` in `storageBucket` config.
## Version 3.0.4 - June 7, 2016
### Realtime Database
* Updated the reference documentation to include more extensive API descriptions and examples.
* Improved Realtime Database authentication-expiration retry logic.
### Authentication
* When using Firebase Web SDK in a non http or https environment (Cordova or Electron apps for instance), instead of raising a confusing error on initialization, it will silently ignore it. It will only throw an `auth/operation-not-supported-in-this-environment` error when trying to use unsupported operations (`signInWithPopup`, `signInWithRedirect`, `linkWithPopup`, `linkWithRedirect` and `getRedirectResult`).
### Cloud Storage
* Generate more specific error message when quota is exceeded.
## Version 3.0.3 - May 24, 2016
### Authentication
* Improved error messages.
### Authentication for Servers
* Global `Promise` object is no longer overwritten.
* Added error message when initializing the Node.js SDK with an invalid service account.
## Version 3.0.2 - May 19, 2016
* Browserify and webpack compatibility.
## Version 3.0.1 - May 18, 2016
* Node.js version 0.10 support.
## Version 3.0.0 - May 18, 2016
* Launch of new APIs and Firebase console.
### Realtime Database
* The way you install and initialize the SDK has changed and several APIs have been renamed. When you decide to upgrade, please see the Web Migration Guide for detail.
* The way you install and initialize the Node.js has also changed. APIs have been renamed and you now authenticate using a service account instead of a secret or custom token. When you choose to upgrade, please see the Database Server SDK Setup Guide and use the Web Migration Guide to help you update your Node.js code to the latest APIs.
### Authentication
* The way you install and initialize the SDK has changed and most APIs have been renamed. When you decide to upgrade, please see the Web Migration Guide for details.
* Node.js server SDK:
* Token minting and verification for Firebase Authentication is now built into the server SDKs themselves instead of in separate token minting libraries.
* All of the existing authentication methods have been removed. Instead, use the `databaseAuthVariableOverride` option (Node.js) or when initializing the SDK. See Installation & Setup for Servers for more details.
* Use the Web Migration Guide or to help you update your Node.js or Java code to the latest APIs.
### Cloud Storage
* Initial release of Cloud Storage. Cloud Storage provides secure file uploads and downloads for your Firebase apps, regardless of network quality. You can use it to store images, audio, video, or other user-generated content. Cloud Storage is backed by Google Cloud Storage, a powerful, simple, and cost-effective object storage service.
## Legacy release notes
Firebase 1.0 and 2.0 JavaScript Changelog
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Last updated 2023-02-08 UTC.
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# Firebase Apple SDK Release Notes
Stay organized with collections Save and categorize content based on your
preferences.
To review release notes for the Firebase console and for other Firebase
platforms and related SDKs, refer to the Firebase Release Notes.
## Version 10.5.0 - February 7, 2023
### Authentication
* Use team player ID, game player ID and `fetchItems` for signature verification (#10441).
* Prevent keychain pop-up when accessing Firebase Auth keychain in a Mac app. Note that using Auth in a Mac app requires that the app is signed with a provisioning profile that has the Keychain Sharing capability enabled (see Firebase 9.6.0 release notes) (#10582).
### Cloud Firestore
* Added `@discardableResult` to the `addDocument` API for easy handling of unused return values (#10640).
### FCM
* Fixed a crash for `strongSelf` dereference (#10707).
### Cloud Storage
* Added Storage API to limit upload chunk size (#10137).
* Run `pod update` or `File -> Packages -> Update to latest Packages` to update the `GTMSessionFetcher` dependency to at least version 3.1.0. This fixes an issue where it infinitely retries when FirebaseStorage returns a 500 response.
## Version 10.4.0 - January 17, 2023
* Deprecate `androidClientID` and `trackingID` from FirebaseOptions (#10520).
### Analytics
* Fixed crash in scheduleSynchronizeToDisk (#10495).
* Fixed printing of the `items` array parameter in the console logs while in debug mode.
### Authentication
* Fix secure coding bugs in MFA (#10632).
* Added handling of error returned from a blocking cloud function (#10628).
### Crashlytics
* Updated Crashlytics to include the Firebase Installation ID for consistency with other products (#10645).
### Cloud Firestore
* Fix an issue that stops some performance optimization from being applied (#10579).
### FCM
* On app startup, an APNs Token must be provided to FCM SDK before retrieving an FCM Token, otherwise an error will be returned as part of the completion.
## Version 10.3.0 - December 5, 2022
### Dynamic Links
* Fixed an issue where `utmParametersDictionary` / `minimumAppVersion` were not provided and their values were set to `[NSNull null]` instead of `nil`.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added multi-database support.
* Fixed a crash when there were nested data structures inside IN filters (#10507).
### FCM
* Added notification support for iOS 16 simulators on Xcode 14. See the Xcode release notes for more details (#9968).
### Cloud Storage
* Use dedicated serial queue for Storage uploads and downloads instead of a (concurrent) global queue. Fixes regression introduced in 10.0.0 (#10487).
## Version 10.2.0 - November 15, 2022
* Updated GTMSessionFetcher dependency specifications to enable support for the compatible GTMSessionFetcher 3.x versions.
### App Distribution
* Added a public `application(_:openURL:options:)` method so users with swizzling disabled can still use App Distribution (#10418).
### Authentication
* Fixed a bug where certain linking/reauth flow errors were not caught (#10267).
* Phone auth in simulators now force recaptcha verification instead of using a silent push notification (#10426).
### Dynamic Links
* Fixes utm parameters not being returned to dynamic links when using universal links (#10341).
### Cloud Firestore
* Fix FAILED_PRECONDITION when writing to a deleted document in a transaction (#10431).
* Fixed data race in credentials provider (#10393).
* Fix Firestore failing to raise initial snapshot from empty local cache result (#10437).
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed an issue where using Storage with more than one FirebaseApp instance caused non-default Storage instances to deadlock (#10463).
* Fixed a race condition where a download size could exceed the value of the `maxSize` parameter (#10358).
## Version 10.1.0 - October 27, 2022
* Bitcode is no longer included in Firebase binary distributions. Xcode 14 does not support bitcode. tvOS apps using a Firebase binary distribution will now need to use Xcode 14 (#10372).
### Analytics
* Removed bitcode.
* Added recommended hotel parameters in the purchase event documentation.
### App Distribution
* Fixed inconsistent sign in prompts in single scene apps (#8096).
### Authentication
* Fix a bug where multi factor phone number returns `NULL` (#10296).
### FCM
* The app bundle identifier is no longer incorrectly shortened for watchOS apps created on Xcode 14 (#10147).
### Remote Config
#### Swift Extensions
* Fixed the previous CocoaPods release incorrectly missing the RemoteConfigProperty feature (#10371).
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed a 10.0.0 regression where metadata passed to `putFile` was not properly initialized (#10353).
* Fixed a 10.0.0 regression handling an empty JSON metadata field from the emulator (#10370).
## Version 10.0.0 - October 10, 2022
* Breaking change: Minimum supported versions have updated for the following platforms:
* If using CocoaPods: Platform Firebase 9 Firebase 10
iOS 10.0 11.0
tvOS 10.0 12.0
macOS 10.12 10.13
watchOS 6.0 6.0
* If using Swift Package Manager: Platform Firebase 9 Firebase 10
iOS 11.0 11.0
tvOS 12.0 12.0
macOS 10.12 10.13
watchOS 7.0 7.0
* If using Carthage or the Zip distribution: Platform Firebase 9 Firebase 10
iOS 11.0 11.0
tvOS 11.0 12.0
macOS 10.13 10.13
watchOS N/A N/A
* Breaking change: Updated dependency specification for GTMSessionFetcher to allow all versions that are >= 2.1 and < 3.0 (#10131).
### Analytics
* Fixed hang on main thread (#10151).
### Realtime Database
* Deprecated `FirebaseDatabase` on watchOS 9 and above. watchOS users should instead use the Database REST API directly (#10272).
### Dynamic Links
* Removed bare initializer from `DynamicLink` (#10000).
* Added missing app.google (1p domain) support in FDL SDK.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added `Query.count()`, which fetches the number of documents in the result set without actually downloading the documents (#10246).
* Fixed compiler warning about `@param comparator` (#10226).
#### Swift Extensions
* Breaking Change: Made the `@DocumentID` property wrapper value setter internal to clarify that the value is ignored during writes (#9368).
* Initializing a `@DocumentID` property wrapper with a non-nil value or using the `@DocumentID` property wrapper value setter will log a warning. This is because the set value will be ignored (#9368).
* `Firestore.Encoder` and `Firestore.Decoder` now wraps the shared `FirebaseDataEncoder` and `FirebaseDataDecoder` types, which provides new customization options for encoding and decoding data to and from Firestore into `Codable`s - similar to the options present on `JSONEncoder` and `JSONDecoder` from `Foundation`.
* Added a `FirebaseDataEncoder.DateEncodingStrategy` for `Timestamp`s.
### Cloud Functions
* Removed unnecessary and unused `encoder` and `decoder` parameters from `public func call(_ data: Request) async throws -> Response` API (#9891).
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Removed `foo` constant from Swift `InAppMessagingPreviewHelpers` API (#10222).
* Changed internal `dataChanged` symbol that triggered App Store warnings (#10276).
### Remote Config
#### Swift Extensions
* Added a new dynamic property wrapper API that enables developers to configure UI components to automatically update when new configs are activated. (#10155)
### Cloud Storage
* Firebase Storage is now completely implemented in Swift. Swift-specific API improvements are planned for subsequent releases (#9963).
* Added new API `open func reference(for url: URL) throws -> StorageReference` equivalent to `open func reference(forURL url: String) -> StorageReference`, except it throws instead of erroring (#6974).
* The `FirebaseStorageInternal` CocoaPod has been discontinued.
* Deprecated the `storageReference` property of `StorageMetadata`. It had never been implemented and always returned `nil`.
* Storage APIs that previously threw an Objective-C exception now generate a Swift `fatalError`.
* Storage now requires at least version 2.1 of its GTMSessionFetcher dependency.
* The localized description for `unknown` errors is now more descriptive.
## Version 9.6.0 - September 13, 2022
* Mac apps using Firebase products that store SDK data in the keychain will no longer prompt the user for permission to access the keychain. This requires that Mac apps using Firebase be signed with a provisioning profile that has the Keychain Sharing capability enabled (#9392). See the troubleshooting FAQ for more details.
* Fixed `Array.Index`-related compile time errors when building with older Swift versions (#10171).
* Update dependency specification for GTMSessionFetcher to allow all 2.x versions (#10131).
### Analytics
* Added support for returning the current session ID with `sessionID()`.
* Added support for simulating a match for on-device conversion measurement in debug mode.
* Updated documentation in `FIRAnalytics+AppDelegate.h` to account for UIScene and SwiftUI lifecycles.
* Fixed Swift Package Manager issue with GoogleAppMeasurementOnDeviceConversion (#10126).
* Fixed keychain issue on macOS (#9392).
### Realtime Database
* Fix priority inversion issue exposed by Xcode 14 (#10130).
### Cloud Firestore
* Expose client side indexing feature with `FIRFirestore.setIndexConfigurationFromJSON` and `FIRFirestore.setIndexConfigurationFromStream` (#10090).
* Fixed high CPU usage whenever Firestore was in use (#10168).
## Version 9.5.0 - August 23, 2022
* Fixed a zip distribution issue where the Promises module caused linking to fail (#10071).
* Limited dependency on GTMSessionFetcher version to < 2.1.0 to avoid a new deprecation warning (#10123).
### App Check
* DeviceCheck and App Attest providers are supported by watchOS 9.0+ (#10094, #10098).
* App Attest provider availability updated to support tvOS 15.0+ (#10093).
### Authentication
* Fixed a bug where phone multi-factor ids were not correctly retrieved (#10061).
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an intermittent crash if `ListenerRegistration::Remove()` was invoked concurrently (#10065).
* Fixed a crash if multiple large write batches with overlapping documents were executed where at least one batch performed a delete operation (#9965).
### Remote Config
#### Swift Extensions
* Fixed Codable implementation to handle arrays and dictionaries from plist defaults (#9980).
## Version 9.4.1 - August 8, 2022
* Swift Package Manager only release to fix a 9.4.0 tagging issue impacting some users (#10083).
## Version 9.4.0 - August 2, 2022
* Fixed rare crash on launch due to out-of-bounds exception in FirebaseCore (#10025).
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a crash during app start (#9985, #10018).
## Version 9.3.0 - July 12, 2022
* Remove GoogleSignInSwiftSupport from Zip and Carthage distributions due to infeasibility. The GoogleSignIn distribution continues (#9937).
### Analytics
* Improved session measurement with User ID.
* Internal code cleanup.
### Realtime Database
* Fix `reference(withPath:)` race condition crash (#7885).
### Cloud Functions
* Fixed error code generation for HTTP 409 - "already exists" (#9942).
### Performance Monitoring
* Update the console logging URL to troubleshooting page.
### Remote Config
* Arrays and Dictionaries are now supported when initializing defaults from a plist (#8306).
* Activate calls will only update experiment data for `firebase` namespace to ensure correct experiment exposures (#9972).
## Version 9.2.0 - June 21, 2022
* Zip and Carthage distributions now include GoogleSignInSwiftSupport (#9900).
### Authentication
* Catch keychain errors instead of using the `isProtectedDataAvailable` API for handling prewarming issue (#9869).
### Cloud Firestore
* Added `TransactionOptions` to control how many times a transaction will retry commits before failing (#9838).
### Cloud Functions
* Fixed regressions in error code processing introduced in 9.0.0 (#9855).
* Importing FirebaseFunctions no longer exposes internal FirebaseCore APIs (#9884).
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Replaced unarchiveObjectWithFile with unarchivedObjectOfClass to conform to secure coding practices, and implemented NSSecureCoding (#9816).
### Cloud Storage
* Importing FirebaseStorage no longer exposes internal FirebaseCore APIs (#9884).
## Version 9.1.0 - May 24, 2022
### Analytics
* Fixed a reachability check to avoid unnecessary DNS resolutions.
* Fixed a data race issue caught by the sanitizer.
* Internal code cleanup.
## Version 9.0.0 - May 3, 2022
* Firebase now requires at least Xcode 13.3.1.
* Usage of the Firebase pod, the Firebase module (`import Firebase`), and `Firebase.h` is deprecated. Use the specific Firebase product instead, for example `pod 'FirebaseMessaging'` and `import FirebaseMessaging`.
#### CocoaPods Users
* Breaking change: Podfiles must include `use_frameworks!` or `use_frameworks! :linkage => :static`.
* Breaking change: C++/Objective-C++ clients should use `#import <FirebaseFunctions/FirebaseFunctions-Swift.h>` and `#import <FirebaseStorage/FirebaseStorage-Swift.h>` to access Functions and Storage APIs, respectively.
* Breaking change: Beta Swift pods (except `FirebaseInAppMessagingSwift-Beta`) have exited beta and are now generally available. The `-beta` version suffix is no longer required. These should be removed from your Podfile, and any `import` statements should be changed accordingly.
* Breaking change: The `FirebaseStorageSwift` and `FirebaseFunctionsSwift` modules have been merged into `FirebaseStorage` and `FirebaseFunctions` respectively and should be removed from your Podfile.
* Objective-C only apps using `use_frameworks! :linkage => :static` may need to add a dummy Swift file to their project to avoid linker issues.
#### Swift Package Manager Users
* Breaking change: `import Firebase` will no longer implicitly import Firebase Storage and Firebase Functions APIs. Use `import FirebaseStorage` and `import FirebaseFunctions`, respectively. C++/Objective-C++ clients should find alternative workarounds at https://forums.swift.org/t/importing-swift-libraries-from-objective-c/56730.
* Breaking change: The `FirebaseStorageSwift-Beta` and `FirebaseFunctionsSwift-Beta` libraries have been merged into `FirebaseStorage` and `FirebaseFunctions` respectively and should be removed from your project following the instructions above.
* Beta Swift libraries (except `FirebaseInAppMessagingSwift-Beta`) have exited beta and are now generally available. When upgrading a project that includes one or more of these libraries, an error like `Missing package product 'FirebaseSwift-Beta'` will appear. In your project's settings, go to "General" and scroll down to `Frameworks, Libraries, and Embedded Content`. Select the missing package, and remove it. Then, click the `+` button to add the assocciated library without the `-Beta` suffix. Any `import` statements in your project should be changed accordingly.
#### Zip and Carthage Users
* Breaking change: Updated the minimum supported versions for the zip and Carthage distributions to iOS 11.0, tvOS 11.0 and macOS 10.13. (#9633)
* The zip and Carthage distributions now include the Swift extension frameworks (#7819).
* Zip file installation instructions have changed. Please see the README embedded in the zip file for updated instructions.
### Analytics
* Breaking change: Bumped the minimum iOS version from 9.0 to 10.0.
* Breaking change: Removed deprecated ecommerce constants. See guidance on how to measure ecommerce with Google Analytics 4.
* Added on-device conversion measurement with `initiateOnDeviceConversionMeasurement(emailAddress:)` API.
#### Swift Extensions
* Breaking change: `FirebaseAnalyticsSwift` has exited beta and is now generally available for use.
### App Check
* Breaking change: `FirebaseAppCheck` has exited beta and is now generally available for use.
### App Distribution
* Marked `releaseNotes` as `nullable` as they don't always exist (#8602).
* Breaking change: Fixed an ObjC-to-Swift API conversion error where`checkForUpdate()` returned a non-optional type. This change is breaking for Swift users only (#9604).
### Authentication
* Breaking change: Fixed an ObjC-to-Swift API conversion error where `getStoredUser(forAccessGroup:)` returned a non-optional type. This change is breaking for Swift users only (#8599).
* Fixed an iOS 15 keychain access issue related to prewarming (#8695).
### Realtime Database
* Breaking change: Marked `getData()` snapshot as nullable to fix Swift API (#9655).
#### Swift Extensions
* Breaking change: `FirebaseDatabaseSwift` has exited beta and is now generally available for use.
### Dynamic Links
* Fixed async/await crash when retrieving a dynamic link from a universal link fails (#9612).
### Cloud Firestore
* Breaking change: Fixed an issue where returning `nil` from the update closure when running a transaction caused a crash in Swift by removing the auto-generated `async throw`ing method from the `FirebaseFirestore` module. In order to use the `async throw`ing transaction method, add the `FirebaseFirestoreSwift` module dependency to your build target (#9426).
#### Swift Extensions
* Breaking change: `FirebaseFirestoreSwift` has exited beta and is now generally available for use.
### Cloud Functions
* The FirebaseFunctionsSwift library has been removed. All of its APIs are now included in the FirebaseFunctions library. Please remove references to FirebaseFunctionsSwift from Podfiles and Swift Package Manager configurations. `import FirebaseFunctionsSwift` should be replaced with `import FirebaseFunctions`.
* Backported Callable async/await APIs to iOS 13, etc. (#9483).
* The global variables `FunctionsErrorDomain` and `FunctionsErrorDetailsKey` are restored for Swift only.
* Added a new method `httpsCallable(url:)` to create callables with URLs other than `cloudfunctions.net`.
### Installations
* Swift-only: Updated symbol name `kFirebaseInstallationsErrorDomain` to `InstallationsErrorDomain` (#9275).
### Remote Config
* The `remoteConfig()` singleton now throws an exception when called before `FirebaseApp.configure()` (#8640).
#### Swift Extensions
* Breaking change: `FirebaseRemoteConfigSwift` has exited beta and is now generally available for use.
### Cloud Storage
* The `FirebaseStorageSwift` library has been removed. All of its APIs are now included in the `FirebaseStorage` library. Please remove references to `FirebaseStorageSwift` from Podfiles and Swift Package Manager configurations. `import FirebaseStorageSwift` should be replaced with `import FirebaseStorage`.
* Backported `StorageReference` async/await APIs to iOS 13, etc. (#9483).
* The global variable `StorageErrorDomain` is restored for Swift only.
## Version 8.15.0 - April 12, 2022
### Analytics
* Updated Analytics public header documentation to reference Swift names.
### Dynamic Links
* Fixed custom domain long URL validation logic (#6978).
### Cloud Firestore
* Potentially fixed a crash during application exit caused by an assertion about ordering documents by missing fields (#9258).
* Add more details to the assertion failure in Query::Comparator() to help with future debugging (#9258).
### Cloud Functions
* The global variables `FIRFunctionsErrorDomain` and `FIRFunctionsErrorDetailsKey` are deprecated and will be removed in v9.0.0 (#9569).
### Performance Monitoring
* Removed unused code for pre-warming detection.
### Cloud Storage
* The global variable `FIRStorageErrorDomain` is deprecated and will be removed in a future release (#9569).
## Version 8.14.0 - March 22, 2022
### Analytics
* Added Merchant Center results measurement to improve ecommerce reporting.
* Added support for data collection customization.
* Fixed threading issue where accessing identifiers potentially blocked the main thread (#6392).
### Authentication
* Started to collect the Firebase user agent for Firebase Auth (#9066).
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed compiler warnings in `local_serializer.cc` about "implicit conversion loses integer precision" that were introduced in 8.13.0 (#9430).
### Performance Monitoring
* Record the request payload size for POST/PUT requests.
## Version 8.13.0 - March 8, 2022
### Crashlytics
* Updated `upload-symbols` to 3.11 and added logic to process Flutter project information (#9379).
* Added native support for ARM/M1 Macs in `upload-symbols` (#8965).
* Fixed an issue where passing `nil` as a value for a custom key or user ID did not clear the stored value as expected.
### Cloud Firestore
#### Swift Extensions
* Added support for explicit typing to `DocumentReference.getDocument(as:)` and `DocumentSnapshot.data(as:)` to simplify mapping documents (#9101).
* `DocumentSnapshot.data(as:)` will decode the document to the type provided. If you expect that a document might not exist, use an optional type (e.g. `Book?.self`) to account for this. See the documentation and this blog post for an in-depth discussion.
### Performance Monitoring
* Make pre-warming identification more reliable by moving the pre-warm check to the earliest phase of app start.
## Version 8.12.1 - February 10, 2022
### Analytics
* Added support for parsing new campaign parameters utm_id, utm_source_platform, utm_creative_format, and utm_marketing_tactic for traffic source dimensions.
* Fixed an issue with session_start events being logged during app prewarming on iOS 15+ (#6161).
### App Check
* Fixed watchOS build failures with Swift Package Manager (#9191).
### Authentication
* Added documentation note and error logging to `getStoredUser(forAccessGroup:)` regarding tvOS keychain sharing issues (#8878).
* Partial fix for expired ID token issue (#6521).
### Cloud Firestore
* Add more details to the assertion failure in `OrderBy::Compare()` to help with future debugging (#9258).
#### Swift Extensions
* Added async wrapper for `CollectionReference.addDocument()` and `Firestore.loadBundle()`.
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Includes a client-side fix for an issue where test messages incorrectly do not include `appData`. The issue will be fully resolved once the backend is also updated (#9126).
### FCM
* Improved reporting for SQLite errors when failing to open a local database (#8699).
### Performance Monitoring
* Attempted to fix an issue where app start trace durations are not reliable on iOS 15. App start measurements are now made only for cold app starts (without pre-warming) (#9026).
### Remote Config
#### Swift Extensions
* Initial public beta release with Codable support. See example usage on GitHub here and here (#6883). To use the Swift extension library, add `pod 'FirebaseRemoteConfigSwift'` to your Podfile.
## Version 8.11.0 - January 18, 2022
#### Swift Extensions
* Introduced shared Codable implementation. Initially used by Firebase Functions and Firebase Realtime Database (#9091).
### Authentication
* Added a `X-Firebase-GMPID` header to network requests (#9046).
* Added multi-tenancy support to generic OAuth providers (#7990).
* Fixed macOS Extension access to Shared Keychain by adding kSecUseDataProtectionKeychain recommended key (#6876).
### Realtime Database
* Race condition crash in FUtilities.m (#9096).
* FNextPushId 'successor' crash (#8790).
#### Swift Extensions
* Refactored Codable implementation to share common source with Firebase Functions. This should be generally transparent with the exception of custom decoder use cases, which may need to be updated (#8854).
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue that can result in incomplete Query snapshots when an app is backgrounded during query execution.
### Cloud Functions
#### Swift Extensions
* Initial public beta release with Codable support. See example usage in https://github.com/firebase/firebase-ios-sdk/blob/master/FirebaseFunctionsSwift/Tests/IntegrationTests.swift. (#8854)
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Fixed an issue where an in-app message was shown every new session (#8907).
* Fixed an issue where duplicate messages could occur when two campaigns were triggered by different events (#9070).
### FCM
* Fixed an issue where the FCM token was not correctly associated with the APNs token during app start (#8738).
## Version 8.10.0 - December 1, 2021
* Fixed platform availability checks in Swift Package Manager that may prevent code completion for Analytics APIs on macOS and tvOS (#9032).
* Firebase now includes community supported Combine publishers. More details can be found here (#7295).
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an URL handling bug for hosts that also contain the path element (#8874).
### Performance Monitoring
* Fixed a crash related to FPRSessionDetails (#8691).
* Fixed heap-buffer overflow when encoding sessions (#8849).
### Remote Config
* Fixed cached config not loading if device is locked (#8807).
## Version 8.9.1 - November 2, 2021
### Analytics
* Fixed an issue in 8.9.0 where `app_instance_id` is reset, default event parameters get cleared, and a new session start event gets logged on every app launch despite the session not actually timing out.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a bug in the AppCheck integration that caused the SDK to respond to unrelated notifications (#8895).
## Version 8.9.0 - October 28, 2021
Warning: This version of Firebase contains a bug in Analytics that can cause
data loss. If you are using Analytics, please upgrade to 8.9.1.
* Firebase introduces beta support for tvOS, macOS, and Catalyst. watchOS continues to be available with community support. Individual product details are available here (#583).
* The minimum supported tvOS version is now 12.0.
* Forced GoogleUtilities and GoogleDataTransport CocoaPods dependencies to be updated to latest minor versions (#8733).
### Analytics
* Added beta support for tvOS, macOS, and Catalyst.
### App Check
* Improved error handling logic by minimizing amount of requests that are unlikely to succeed (#8798).
### Authentication
* Improved error logging (#8704).
* Added MFA support for email link sign-in (#8705).
### Crashlytics
* Fixed an issue where exceptions with `nil` reasons weren't properly recorded (#8671).
### Dynamic Links
* Fixed Shortlink regression involving underscores and dashes introduced in 8.8.0 (#8786).
* Reduce memory stress on `WebKit` API (#8847).
* Fixed regression introduced in 8.8.0 that failed to accept link query params after the FDL domain prefix (#8866).
### Cloud Firestore
* Added SDK support for Firebase App Check.
* Fix a crash if `Transaction.getDocument(_:)` was called after `Firestore.terminate(_:)` (#8760).
* Fixed a performance issue due to repeated schema migrations at app startup (#8791).
#### Swift Extensions
* Added `@FirestoreQuery` property wrapper for querying data from a Firestore collection.
* FirebaseFirestoreSwift now requires a minimum iOS version of 11 for all distributions.
### Cloud Functions
* Added watchOS support for Swift Package Manager (#8864).
## Version 8.8.1 - October 1, 2021
* Swift Package Manager exclusive release to force GoogleUtilities and GoogleDataTransport to be updated to latest bug-fix versions (#8728).
## Version 8.8.0 - September 28, 2021
### Analytics
* Increased minimum required CocoaPods version to 1.10.2 to refactor AdSupport-related code out of GoogleAppMeasurement.xcframework to an optional GoogleAppMeasurementIdentitySupport.xcframework dependency.
* GoogleAppMeasurement/WithoutAdIdSupport subspec now ships GoogleAppMeasurement.xcframework. GoogleAppMeasurement/AdIdSupport subspec ships both GoogleAppMeasurement.xcframework and GoogleAppMeasurementIdentitySupport.xcframework.
* Added debug message to signal that `GOOGLE_ANALYTICS_IDFV_COLLECTION_ENABLED` was set correctly (#7467).
### App Check
* Add support for bundle ID-based API key restrictions (#8678).
### Authentication
* Auth now falls back to reCAPTCHA for phone auth app verification if the push notification is not received before the timeout (#8653).
### Crashlytics
* Internal SDK updates to test potential future MetricKit support.
### Dynamic Links
* Firebase dynamic links with custom domains will now only work if the custom domain has a trailing '/' (#7087).
* Fixed device-only build warning for unused `processIsTranslated` function (#8694).
### Cloud Firestore
* Internal refactor to improve serialization performance.
* `DocumentSnapshot` objects consider the document's key and data for equality comparison, but ignore the internal state and internal version.
### Performance Monitoring
* Create a random delay for remote config fetch during app starts.
* Fixed log spam when Performance is disabled (#8423, #8577).
* Fixed heap-buffer overflow when decoding strings (#8628).
## Version 8.7.0 - September 8, 2021
### Analytics
* Fixed an issue where screen view events weren’t getting logged while a system prompt was being presented (#7577).
### Realtime Database
* Fixed Firebase App Check token periodic refresh (#8544).
### Cloud Functions
* Add watchOS support (#8499).
* Functions no longer sets the App Check header in the case of an error (#8558).
## Version 8.6.1 - August 27, 2021
### Performance Monitoring
* Fix an issue where performance traces and other events were not logged correctly, causing them to be dropped after two days (#8581).
## Version 8.6.0 - August 17, 2021
### App Check
* Documented unsupported platforms (#8493). App Check is available on all Apple platforms except watchOS.
### Authentication
* Annotated platform-level availability using `API_UNAVAILABLE` instead of conditionally compiling certain methods with `#if` directives (#8451).
### Dynamic Links
* Refactored and added helper class (#8432).
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Replaced conditionally-compiled APIs with `API_UNAVAILABLE` annotations on unsupported platforms (#8480).
### FCM
* Removed iOS version check from `FIRMessagingExtensionHelper.h` (#8492).
* Added new API `FIRMessagingExtensionHelper exportDeliveryMetricsToBigQuery` that allows developers to enable notification delivery metrics that are exportable to BigQuery (#6181).
* Fixed an issue that delete token no longer works (#8491).
### Performance Monitoring
Warning: This version of Performance Monitoring contains a critical bug that
causes logged events to be dropped after two days. Please use version 8.6.1
instead.
* Add Firebase Performance Monitoring support for Swift Package Manager (#6528).
* Fix a crash due to a race condition (#8485).
## Version 8.5.0 - August 03, 2021
### App Check
* App Check SDK available for all supported platforms/OS versions, but App Attest and DeviceCheck providers availability changed to match underlying platform API availability (#8388).
### Authentication
* Fixed an analyze issue introduced in Xcode 12.5 (#8411).
### Realtime Database
* FirebaseDatabase `getData()` callbacks are now called on the main thread (#8247).
### Dynamic Links
* Fixed build issues introduced in Xcode 13 beta 3 (#8401).
* Fixed build failures for extension targets (#6548).
### Cloud Firestore
* Internal refactor to improve serialization performance.
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Added support for unit testing with in-app message data objects (#8351).
* Added support for prototyping custom in-app message views in SwiftUI (#8351).
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed an issue where Storage could not connect to local emulators using http (#8389).
#### Swift Extensions
* Added four APIs to augment automatically generated `async/await` APIs. See details via Xcode completion and at the source. Feedback appreciated about Firebase and `async/await` (#8289).
## Version 8.4.0 - July 20, 2021
### App Check
* Fixed build issues introduced in Xcode 13 beta 3 (#8401).
* Bump Promises dependency (#8365).
### Crashlytics
* Bump Promises dependency (#8365).
### Dynamic Links
* Fixed build issues introduced in Xcode 13 beta 3 (#8401).
* Fixed build failures for extension targets (#6548).
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed handling of Unicode characters in log and assertion messages (#8372).
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Fixed build issues introduced in Xcode 13 beta 3 (#8401).
### Installations
* Bump Promises dependency (#8365).
## Version 8.3.1 - July 12, 2021
* Swift Package Manager only release to fix an 8.3.0 tagging issue impacting some users (#8367).
## Version 8.3.0 - July 8, 2021
### Analytics
* Added support needed for event modification and creation, allowing developers to remotely modify and/or create events and parameters from existing events.
* Internal code cleanup.
### App Check
* Added token API for 3P use (#8266).
### App Distribution
* App Distribution now signs out the tester when the call to fetch releases fails with an unauthorized error (#8270).
### Crashlytics
* Add missing dependency that could cause missing symbol build failures (#8137).
### Cloud Storage
* Removed usage of a deprecated GTMSessionFetcher method (#8294).
## Version 8.2.0 - June 23, 2021
* Stop flooding Swift Package Manager projects with Firebase test schemes (#8167).
* Removed "Invalid Exclude" warnings for Swift Package Manager using Xcode 13 beta 1.
### A/B Testing
* Fixed an analyzer issue introduced in Xcode 12.5 (#8209).
### App Check
* Apple's App Attest attestation provider support (#8133).
* Token auto-refresh optimizations (#8232).
### Authentication
* Fixed analyzer issues exposed by Xcode 12.5 (#8210).
* Fixed a bug in the account linking with email link, Game Center, and phone auth flows (#8196).
### Crashlytics
* Incorporated code quality changes around integer overflow, potential race conditions, and reinstalling signal handlers.
* Fixed an issue where iOS-only apps running on iPads would report iOS as their OS Name.
* Fixed depcrecation warning for projects with minimum deployment version iOS 13 and up.
### Dynamic Links
* Fixed analyzer issue exposed by Xcode 12.5 (#8208).
### Cloud Firestore
* Passing in an empty document ID, collection group ID, or collection path will now result in a more readable error (#8218).
### Cloud Functions
* Fixed an issue where factory class methods returned a new instance on every invocation, causing emulator settings to not persist between invocations (#7783).
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Fixed missing constraints warnings in default UI storyboard (#8205).
### FCM
* Fixed an issue where local scheduled notifications were not set correctly due to sound type (#8172).
### Performance Monitoring
* Updated log messages with proper log levels.
* Fixed empty values in `network_info.request_completed_time_us` field from the data schema.
* Fixed a crash on FPRSessionDetails (#8139).
## Version 8.1.1 - June 11, 2021
### Analytics
* Fixed an issue where apps were getting rejected in App Store review for formerly-public method names removed in iOS 15 (#8222).
## Version 8.1.0 - June 1, 2021
### Crashlytics
* Added a warning to upload-symbols when it detects a dSYM with hidden symbols.
### Realtime Database
#### Swift Extensions
* Initial public beta release for Codable support in the new FirebaseDatabaseSwift-Beta product for Swift Package Manager.
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Fixed bug where image-only messages had the wrong message type in message callbacks (#8081).
### FCM
* Fixed an issue where notification open was not logged to Analytics correctly when the app is in a terminated state. (#7707, #8128).
### Performance Monitoring
* Firebase Performance logs now contain URLs to see the performance data on the Firebase console.
## Version 8.0.0 - May 17, 2021
The 8.0.0 release is now available via Carthage 0.38.0. See here for usage
instructions.
## Version 8.0.0 - May 11, 2021
* Breaking change: The deprecated Firebase InstanceID has been removed. Use Firebase Installations to manage app instance and use Firebase Messaging to manage FCM registration token instead (#7970).
* The experimental Carthage distribution is temporarily discontinued pending integration with the Carthage 0.38.0 release with support for binary xcframeworks. In the meantime, a mix of 7.4.0 and 7.11.0 will be the latest Carthage distribution. Use the zip distribution as an alternative way to get the latest 8.x binary distribution.
* Build warnings will no longer be generated to warn about missing capabilities resulting from not including FirebaseAnalytics in the app. See the Firebase docs instead (#7487).
* Breaking change: The `Firebase/AdMob` CocoaPods subspec has been removed. Use the `Google-Mobile-Ads-SDK` CocoaPod instead (#7833).
* Breaking change: The `Firebase/MLModelInterpreter` CocoaPods subspec has been removed. Use the `Firebase/MLModelDownloader` and `TensorFlowLiteSwift` (or `TensorFlowLiteObjC`) specs instead.
* Breaking change: The `Firebase/MLVision` CocoaPods subspec has been removed. For alternatives, see the Text Recognition, Image Labeling, and Landmark Recognition docs.
* The Swift Package Manager distribution has exited beta and is now generally available for use.
* The Swift Package Manager distribution now requires at least iOS 11.0. The CocoaPods distribution continues to support iOS 10.0.
* The Swift Package Manager distribution now requires at least watchOS 7.0 for products that support watchOS. The CocoaPods distribution continues to support watchOS 6.0 with the exception of FirebaseDatabase.
* Migrated `transform:` callsites and introduced breaking version of GoogleDataTransport (9.0) (#7899). No changes are required to your app to upgrade to GoogleDataTransport 9 unless you were using GoogleDataTransport APIs directly.
### Analytics
* Removed deprecated `setScreenName(_:screenClass:)` API.
### App Check
* Initial release of the Firebase App Check SDK. See the getting started guide for instructions on how to use this SDK (#7928, #7937, #7948).
### Authentication
* Fixed a crash that occurred when assigning auth settings (#7670).
### Crashlytics
* Added a warning to upload-symbols when it detects a dSYM with hidden symbols.
### Realtime Database
* Added abuse reduction features (#7928, #7943).
### Dynamic Links
* Fixed crashes on simulators targeting iOS versions below iOS 14 on Apple Silicon (#7989).
### Cloud Functions
* Added abuse reduction features (#7928).
### FCM
* Removed the Instance ID dependency from FCM. This is a breaking change for FCM users who use the deprecated Firebase Instance ID API to manage registration tokens. Users should migrate to FCM's token APIs by following the migration guide (#7836).
### Remote Config
* Fixed throttling issue when fetch fails due to no network (#6628).
* Fixed issue where sometimes the local config returned is empty (#7424).
### Cloud Storage
* Added `FirebaseStorage.useEmulator()`, which allows the Storage SDK to connect to the Cloud Storage for Firebase emulator.
* Added abuse reduction features (#7928).
## Version 7.11.0 - April 20, 2021
### Analytics
* Added Firebase/AnalyticsWithoutAdIdSupport subspec for developers of apps that aren’t using AdSupport or subject to AppTrackingTransparency.
### FCM
* Removed internal Messaging dependencies on InstanceID (though both libraries can still co-exist in one app). The InstanceID dependency will be removed in the next major version of Firebase (#7814).
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Fixed SPM resource inclusion for in-app messages (#7715).
## Version 7.10.0 - April 6, 2021
* Updated nanopb to version 0.3.9.8 to fix a security vulnerability (#7787).
### Crashlytics
* Added a warning to upload-symbols when it detects a dSYM without any symbols.
### Remote Config
* Throw exception if projectID is missing from FirebaseOptions (#7725).
## Version 7.9.1 - March 24, 2021
This version is available via Swift Package Manager only.
* Fixed an issue where Swift Package Manager tags were unresolvable in 7.9.0 (#7777).
## Version 7.9.0 - March 23, 2021
### Analytics
#### Swift Extensions
* Initial public beta release. Introduces new SwiftUI-friendly APIs for screen tracking. To use, add `pod 'FirebaseAnalyticsSwift', '~> 7.9-beta'` to the Podfile or add the `FirebaseAnalyticsSwift-Beta` framework in Swift Package Manager, then add `import FirebaseAnalyticsSwift` to the source. Please provide feedback about these new APIs and suggestions about other potential Swift extensions to the Firebase iOS SDK issue tracker.
### Crashlytics
* Updated Firebase pod to allow iOS 9 installation via `pod 'Firebase/Crashlytics'`.
### Realtime Database
* Added community support for watchOS (#4556).
### Cloud Firestore
* Added support for Firestore Bundles via `FIRFirestore.loadBundle`, `FIRFirestore.loadBundleStream` and `FIRFirestore.getQueryNamed`. Bundles contain pre-packaged data produced with the Server SDKs and can be used to populate Firestore's cache without reading documents from the backend.
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Added support for building custom in-app messages with SwiftUI (#7496).
### Remote Config
* Enabled community supported watchOS build in Swift Package Manager (#7696).
* Remote Config no longer generates a missing Analytics warning on Catalyst (#7693).
## Version 7.8.1 - March 12, 2021
### Analytics
* Fixed an issue where references to `retrieveAdTrackingConsentStatus` caused kids' apps to be rejected during App Store review (#7652).
## Version 7.8.0 - March 9, 2021
### Analytics
* Removed reference to NSUserTrackingUsageDescription (#7652).
* Internal code cleanup.
### Authentication
* Fixed auth state sharing during first app launch (#7472).
### Crashlytics
* Added a new API checkAndUpdateUnsentReportsWithCompletion for updating the crash report from the previous run of the app if, for example, the developer wants to implement a feedback dialog to ask end-users for more information. Unsent Crashlytics Reports have familiar methods like setting custom keys and logs (#7503).
* Added a limit to the number of unsent reports on disk to prevent disk filling up when automatic data collection is off. Developers can ensure this limit is never reached by calling send/deleteUnsentReports every run (#7619).
### Performance Monitoring
* Deprecated Clearcut (internal-only change).
* Enabled dynamic framework support (#7569).
* Removed the warning to include Analytics as Perf does not depend on Analytics (#7487).
* Fixed a crash due to a race condition (#7535).
### Remote Config
* Remote Config now stores fetch metadata per namespace to address activation issues (#7179).
* Fixed an issue where experiment exposures were sometimes incorrect by only updating experiment data for`firebase`-namespaced fetch requests (#7604).
## Version 7.7.0 - February 23, 2021
* Deprecated FirebaseMLModelInterpreter and FirebaseMLVision.
* Introduced FirebaseMLModelDownloader.
* Fixed missing doc comment in `FirebaseVersion()` (#7506).
* Minimum required Xcode version for Zip and Carthage distributions changed to 12.2 (was 12.0).
* The zip distribution now includes Catalyst arm64 simulator slices (#7007).
### A/B Testing
* Added community support for watchOS. A/B Testing can now build on watchOS, but some functions might not work yet (#7481).
### Crashlytics
* Added a new API to allow for bulk logging of custom keys and values (#7302).
### Realtime Database
* Fix variable length array diagnostics warning (#7460).
### Dynamic Links
* Added `utmParametersDictionary` property to `DynamicLink` (#6730).
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a crash that could happen when the App object is being deleted and there's an active listener (#6909).
* Fixed a bug where local cache inconsistencies were being unnecessarily resolved (#7455).
#### Swift Extensions
* Added support for specifying `ServerTimestampBehavior` when decoding a `DocumentSnapshot`.
### Cloud Functions
* Fixed missing "http://" prefix when using Functions with the emulator (#7537, #7538).
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Fixed accessibility experience for in-app messages (#7445).
* Fixed conversion tracking for in-app messages with a conversion event but not a button / action URL (#7306).
### FCM
* Fixed an issue in which, when checking storage size before writing to disk, the client was checking document folders that were no longer used (#7480).
### Performance Monitoring
* Add community-supported tvOS.
### Remote Config
* Added community support for watchOS (#7481).
## Version 7.6.0 - February 9, 2021
* Fixed build warnings introduced with Xcode 12.5 (#7431).
### Authentication
* Auth emulator now works across the local network (#7350).
* Fixed incorrect import for watchOS (#7425).
### Crashlytics
* Improved start-up performance by moving some initialization work to a background thread (#7332).
* Updated upload-symbols to a version that is notarized to avoid macOS security alerts (#7323).
* Deleting unsent reports with `deleteUnsentReports` no longer happens on the main thread (#7298).
* Fixed an issue where some developers experienced a race condition involving binary image operations (#7459).
### Realtime Database
* Fixed variable length array diagnostics warning (#7460).
### Dynamic Links
* Fixed build warnings introduced with Xcode 12.5 (#7434).
### Cloud Firestore
* A write to a document that contains FieldValue transforms is no longer split up into two separate operations. This reduces the number of writes the backend performs and allows each WriteBatch to hold 500 writes regardless of how many FieldValue transformations are attached.
* Fixed an issue where using `FieldValue.arrayRemove()` would only delete the first occurrence of an element in an array in a latency compensated snapshots.
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Fixed accessibility experience for in-app messages (#7445).
* Fixed conversion tracking for in-app messages with a conversion event but not a button / action URL (#7306).
### FCM
* Fixed build warnings introduced with Xcode 12.5 (#7433).
### Performance Monitoring
* Fixed build warnings introduced with Xcode 12.5 (#7435).
### Remote Config
* Fixed build warnings introduced with Xcode 12.5. (#7432)
## Version 7.5.1 - January 28, 2021
This release is available via Swift Package Manager only.
* Fixed a bug introduced in 7.5.0 where GoogleUtilities' Reachability Swift package name could collide with other Swift packages named 'Reachability' (#7405).
## Version 7.5.0 - January 27, 2021
* Fixed potential deadlock with `objc_copyImageNames` call (#7310).
### Analytics
* Consolidated pods to distribute binaries as xcframeworks built with Xcode 12.
* CocoaPods ARM Mac users no longer need to use the `M1` tagged pods or add the `-ObjC` linker flag.
* Updated collection of some click identifiers to be contingent on when the advertising identifier is available.
### Crashlytics
* Improve start-up performance by moving some initialization work to a background thread (#7332).
* Updated `upload-symbols` to a version that is notarized to avoid macOS security alerts (#7323).
* Deleting unsent reports with deleteUnsentReports no longer happens on the main thread (#7298).
### Realtime Database
* Added `DatabaseQuery.queryStartingAfterValue(_:)` and `DatabaseQuery.queryEndingBeforeValue(_:)` for query pagination.
* Added `DatabaseQuery.getData()` which returns data from the server when the cache is stale (#7110).
* Inadvertently introduced an issue in `DatabaseQuery.getData()` that causes data to be returned which doesn't match the query filters. To work around this issue, use `observeSingleEvent(of:with:)` instead. We are working on providing a fix (#7403).
### Cloud Firestore
* A write to a document that contains FieldValue transforms is no longer split up into two separate operations. This reduces the number of writes the backend performs and allows each WriteBatch to hold 500 writes regardless of how many FieldValue transformations are attached.
* Fixed an issue where using `FieldValue.arrayRemove()` would only delete the first occurrence of an element in an array in latency-compensated snapshots.
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Fixed failed assertion causing app to crash during test on device flow (#7299).
### Remote Config
* Fixed bug that was incorrectly flagging ABT experiment payloads as invalid (#7184).
* Standardize support for Firebase products that integrate with Remote Config (#7094).
## Version 7.4.0 - January 12, 2021
* Patch update to nanopb 0.3.9.7 that fixes a memory leak and other issues (#7090).
* Zip distribution now includes community supported macOS and tvOS libraries. Product support detailed here.
### Analytics
* Updated nanopb dependency.
### Authentication
* Check if the reverse client ID is configured as a custom URL scheme before setting it as the callback scheme (#7211).
* Add ability to sync auth state across devices (#6924).
* Add multi-tenancy support for email link sign-in (#7246).
### Crashlytics
* Removed obsolete crash reporting mechanism from the SDK (#7076).
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Fixed default display bug in apps that don't use `UISceneDelegate` (#6803).
### InstanceID
* Added a check on whether the default token has been changed by Messaging before writing to the InstanceID keychain storage (#7223).
### Performance Monitoring
* Open-sourced Firebase Performance.
* Removed GoogleToolboxForMac and GTMSessionFetcher dependencies.
### Cloud Storage
* Prevent second `listAll` callback (#7197).
## Version 7.3.1 - December 15, 2020
This release is available via CocoaPods and Swift Package Manager only.
### Dynamic Links
* Fixed a regression where a callback could occur off of the main thread.
## Version 7.3.0 - December 9, 2020
* Added FirebaseAppDistribution-Beta product to Swift Package Manager (#7045).
### Analytics
* Added missing header to `FirebaseAnalytics.h` (#7114).
### App Distribution
* App Distribution now signs out the tester when the call to fetch releases fails with an unauthenticated error.
* Crash caused by trying to parse response as JSON when response is nil (#6996).
### Authentication
* Fixed a Catalyst browser issue with `verifyPhoneNumber` API (#7049).
### Crashlytics
* Added Crashlytics support for x86 apps running on Apple Silicon via Rosetta 2.
* Decreased Crashlytics CocoaPods minimum deployment target from iOS 10 to iOS 9.
* Removed obsolete API calls from upload-symbols.
* Removed obsolete onboarding calls from the SDK.
### Dynamic Links
* Manually created dynamic links are now subject to allowed/blocked checks defined in Firebase Console (#5853).
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a crash that could happen when the SDK encountered invalid data during garbage collection (#6721).
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Fixed default display bug in apps that don't use `UISceneDelegate` (#6803).
### Cloud Storage
* Verify block is still alive before calling it in task callbacks (#7051).
### Performance Monitoring
* Added an experimental event dispatch mechanism to enable faster performance reporting.
* Added a blocklist for GoogleDataTransport upload URLs to avoid cyclic generation of network performance events.
* Performance Monitoring v7.3.0 is not available via Carthage. Use 7.1.0 as a workaround.
## Version 7.2.0 - December 2, 2020
* Reduced `FirebaseApp.configure()` and `+[FIRApp registerInternalLibrary:withName:]` impact on app launch time (#6902).
* Added arm64 simulator support to support new Apple silicon Macs. See here for more details.
* Due to the new arm64 simulator support, Xcode 12 is now required for any binary products (Analytics, Performance, zip file, and Carthage distributions).
### Analytics
* Distributed binaries as xcframeworks in order to support the arm64 simulator slice.
* Moved expensive read operations out of `+initialize` (#6936).
* Increased minimum required CocoaPods version to 1.10 for only the Apple silicon distribution in order to add xcframework binary support. See here for more details.
### Realtime Database
* Made emulator connection API consistent between Auth, Database, Firestore, and Functions (#5916).
### Cloud Firestore
* Made emulator connection API consistent between Auth, Database, Firestore, and Functions (#5916).
### Cloud Functions
* Made emulator connection API consistent between Auth, Database, Firestore, and Functions (#5916).
### Performance Monitoring
* Add Xcode simulator support for new Apple silicon based Macs (SDK is compatible only with Xcode 12 and above).
* Increased minimum required CocoaPods version to 1.10 in order to add xcframework binary support. See here for more details.
## Version 7.1.0 - November 10, 2020
### Authentication
* Fixed a crash on iOS 14 when multiple app delegate completion methods were called (#6863).
### Crashlytics
* Fixed an issue where symbol uploads would fail when there are spaces in the project path, particularly in Unity builds (#6789).
* Added additional logging when settings requests fail with a 404 status to help customers debug onboarding issues (#6847).
### Cloud Firestore
* Added the original query data to error messages for queries that cannot be deserizialized.
* Remove explicit MobileCoreServices library linkage from podspec (#6850).
* Removed excess validation of null and NaN values in query filters. This more closely aligns the SDK with the Firestore backend, which has always accepted null and NaN for all operators, even though this isn't necessarily useful.
### Cloud Functions
* Added a constructor to set a custom domain (#6787).
### FCM
* Fixed a crash on iOS 14 when multiple app delegate completion methods were called (#6863).
### Remote Config
* Add support for other Firebase products to integrate with Remote Config (#6692).
## Version 7.0.0 Patch Release - November 4, 2020
This patch release is available via CocoaPods only.
### Performance Monitoring
* Fixed a crash that occurred when recording network requests (#6734).
## Version 7.0.0 - October 26, 2020
This release contains several breaking changes, and thus constitutes a major
version update.
* Breaking change: Updated minimum iOS version to iOS 10 except for Analytics which is now iOS 9 (#4847).
* Breaking change: Updated minimum macOS version to 10.12.
* Breaking change: The pods developed in this repo are no longer hard coded to be built as static frameworks. Instead, their linkage will be controlled by the Podfile. Use the Podfile option `use_frameworks! :linkage => :static` to get the Firebase 6.x linkage behavior. See this linking guide for mode details (#2022).
* Breaking change: The version must now be specified for the two Swift-only Firebase CocoaPods in the Podfile like `pod 'FirebaseFirestoreSwift', '~> 7.0-beta'`.
* Firebase now requires a minimum CocoaPods version of 1.9.0.
* Added Swift Package Manager support for Firebase Messaging (#5641).
* Added Swift Package Manager support for Auth, Crashlytics, Messaging, and Storage watchOS targets (#6584).
* Firebase no longer uses the CocoaPods `private_headers` feature to expose internal APIs (#6572).
* Removed broken `FirebaseOptions()` initializer. Use `init(contentsOfFile:)` or `init(googleAppID:gcmSenderID:)` instead (#6633).
* All Firebase pods now have the same version (#6295).
* In CocoaPods, Firebase betas are now indicated in the version tag. In Swift Package Manager, beta is appended to the product name.
* Added global function `FirebaseVersion()` (or `FIRFirebaseVersion()` for ObjC users) to access the Firebase installation version.
### A/B Testing
* Removed `FIRExperimentController.updateExperiments(serviceOrigin:events:policy:lastStartTime:payloads:)`, which was deprecated (#6543).
### App Distribution
* Updated error log for non-200 API service calls.
### Analytics
* Added support for consent mode.
* Updated minimum iOS version to 9.0.
* Marked `Analytics.init()` as unavailable.
* Marked `Analytics.appInstanceID()` as nullable.
* Added the following event names as reserved:
* `ad_reward`
* `app_background`
* `app_exception`
* `app_store_refund`
* `app_store_subscription_cancel`
* `app_store_subscription_convert`
* `app_store_subscription_renew`
* `app_upgrade`
* `dynamic_link_app_open`
* `dynamic_link_app_update`
* `dynamic_link_first_open`
* `first_visit`
* `session_start_with_rollout`
* The following event names are no longer reserved:
* `app_uninstall`
* `screen_view`
### Authentication
* Removed deprecated APIs `dataForKey`,`fetchProvidersForEmail:completion`, `signInAndRetrieveDataWithCredential:completion`, `reauthenticateAndRetrieveDataWithCredential:completion`, `linkAndRetrieveDataWithCredential:completion` (#6607).
* Added emulator support (#6624).
* Removed global variables `FirebaseAuthVersionNum` and `FirebaseAuthVersionStr`. `FirebaseVersion()` or `FIRFirebaseVersion()` should be used instead.
### Crashlytics
* Improved upload-symbols conversion speed. Customers with large dSYMs should see a significant improvement in the time it takes to upload Crashlytics symbols.
* Fixed watchOS crash related to `sigaction` (#6434).
### Realtime Database
* Disabled a deprecation warning (#6502).
### Dynamic Links
* Updated dependencies to maintain compatibility with Firebase 7.
### Cloud Firestore
* Breaking change: Removed the `areTimestampsInSnapshotsEnabled` setting. Timestamp fields that read from a `FIRDocumentSnapshot` now always return `FIRTimestamp` objects. Use `FIRTimestamp.dateValue` to convert to `NSDate` if required.
* Fixed a memory leak introduced in 1.18.0 that may manifest when serializing queries containing equality or non-equality comparisons.
#### Swift Extensions
* Added conditional conformance to the `Hashable` protocol for the `@DocumentID`, `@ExplicitNull`, and `@ServerTimestamp` property wrappers.
* Removed support for wrapping `NSDate` in a `@ServerTimestamp` property wrapper. This never actually worked because `NSDate` is not `Codable`.
* Fixed the minimum supported Swift version to be 4.1. This was already effectively the case because the code made use of Swift 4.1 features without documenting this requirement.
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Removed deprecated elements of In-App Messaging API.
### Installations
* Removed global variable `FIRInstallationsVersionStr`. `FirebaseVersion()` or `FIRFirebaseVersion()` should be used instead.
* Installations now throws an exception if `FIROptions.projectID` is missing or `FIROptions.APIKey` has an incorrect format to catch critical configuration issues earlier (#4692).
* Removed the `FIR` prefix from `FIRInstallationIDDidChange` and renamed `kFIRInstallationIDDidChangeNotificationAppNameKey` to `InstallationIDDidChangeAppNameKey` in Swift.
* API docs updated to use term "installation auth token" consistently (#6014).
### InstanceID
* Deprecated private `-[FIRInstanceID appInstanceID:]` method was removed (#4486).
* Fixed an issue where the APNs token was not sent in the token request when iOS APNs token fetch was delayed (#6553).
### FCM
* Removed the deprecated FCM direct channel API and Upstream send API (#6430).
* The `messaging:didReceiveRegistrationToken:` is able to return a null token. Updated the API parameter `fcmToken` to be nullable (#5339).
* Fixed an issue that downloading an image failed when there's no extension in the file name but MIME type is set (#6590).
### Firebase ML
* Updated dependencies to maintain compatibility with Firebase 7.
### Performance Monitoring
* Fixed issue related to crashes on specific kind of network requests #6713.
* Fixed issue related to race condition on Firebase Remote Config initializaton #6287.
### Remote Config
* Updated `lastFetchTime` field to readonly (#6567).
* Functionally neutral change to stop using a deprecated method in the A/B Testing API (#6543).
* Updated `numberValue` to be nonnull to align with current behavior (#6623).
* Removed deprecated APIs `isDeveloperModeEnabled`, `initWithDeveloperModeEnabled:developerModeEnabled`, `activateWithCompletionHandler:completionHandler`, `activateFetched`, `configValueForKey:namespace`, `configValueForKey:namespace:source`, `allKeysFromSource:namespace`, `keysWithPrefix:namespace`, `setDefaults:namespace`, `setDefaultsFromPlistFileName:namespace`, `defaultValueForKey:namespace` (#6637).
* Completion handler for `fetchAndActivateWithCompletionHandler` is now run on the main thread (#5897).
* Fixed database creation on tvOS (#6612).
* Updated public API documentation to no longer reference removed APIs (#6641).
* Updated `activateWithCompletion:` to use completion handler for experiment updates (#3687).
### Cloud Storage
* Removed global variable `FIRStorageVersionString`. `FirebaseVersion()` or `FIRFirebaseVersion()` should be used instead.
* Fixed an issue with the List API that prevented listing of locations that contain the "+" character.
* Renamed `list(withMaxResults:)` to `list(maxResults:)` in the Swift API.
* Fixed an issue that caused longer than expected timeouts for users that specified custom timeouts.
## Version 6.34.0 Patch Release - October 23, 2020
This release is available via CocoaPods only. Changes in this release will be
present in subsequent non-patch releases for all non-CocoaPods distributions.
### Performance Monitoring
* Fixed a crash that occurred when recording network requests. This release is identical to v3.3.0. Run `pod update` to install FirebasePerformance 3.3.2.
* Reverted the fix for a bug where URLSharedSession-based network requests were not automatically monitored in iOS 14.
## Version 6.34.0 Patch Release - October 8, 2020
This release is available via CocoaPods only. Changes in this release will be
present in subsequent non-patch releases for all non-CocoaPods distributions.
* Fixed deprecation warnings in GoogleDataTransport when targeting iOS 12 or higher. The fix is available in GoogleDataTransport v7.5.1 (#6682).
## Version 6.34.0 - October 6, 2020
* Removed warning related to missing Analytics framework for non-iOS builds since the framework isn't available on those platforms (#6500).
### Analytics
* Added support for manually logging ad impressions with `logEvent(_:parameters:)`.
### Crashlytics
* Improved upload-symbols conversion speed. Customers with large dSYMs should see a significant improvement in the time it takes to upload Crashlytics symbols.
* Fixed Apple Watch crash related to `sigaction` (#6434).
### Cloud Firestore
* Internal improvements for future C++ and Unity support. Includes a breaking change for the Firestore C++ Alpha SDK, but does not affect Objective-C or Swift users.
* Added new internal HTTP headers to the gRPC connection.
### Installations
* Added additional `FIRInstallationsItem` validation to catch potential storage issues (#6570).
### InstanceID
* Deprecated InstanceID. For app instance identity handling, use FirebaseInstallations. For FCM registration token handling, use FirebaseMessaging (#6585).
### FCM
* Added macro to suppress InstanceID deprecation warning (#6585).
### Performance Monitoring
* Fixed an issue where URLSharedSession based network requests were not automatically monitored in iOS14.
### Remote Config
* Fixed an `attempt to insert nil object` crash in `fetchWithExpirationDuration:` (#6522).
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed typo in doc comments (#6485).
## Version 6.33.0 - September 22, 2020
* Swift Package Manager - Define system framework and system library dependencies. This resolves undefined symbol issues for system dependencies (#6408, #6413).
* Swift Package Manager - Fixed build warnings related to minimum iOS version (#6449).
* Enable Firebase pod support for Auth and Crashlytics watchOS platform (#4558).
* Carthage - Some frameworks were missing Info.plist files (#5562).
### Analytics
* Fixed unintentional network request when Analytics collection is disabled (#5837).
### App Distribution
* Updated error log for non-200 API Service calls.
### Authentication
* Fixed internal source documentation (#6371).
### Crashlytics
* Fixed Apple Watch crash related to sigaction (#6434).
### Dynamic Links
* Changed client ID usage in API calls and respective checks in the code.
* Fixed attempts to connect to invalid IPv6 domain by updating IPv4 and IPv6 to use a single, valid endpoint (#5032).
### Cloud Firestore
* Added `whereField(_:notIn:)` and `whereField(_:isNotEqualTo:)` query operators. `whereField(_:notIn:)` finds documents where a specified field’s value is not in a specified array. `whereField(_:isNotEqualTo:)` finds documents where a specified field's value does not equal the specified value. Neither query operator will match documents where the specified field is not present.
### Cloud Functions
* Weak dependency on Instance ID replaced by Firebase Messaging (#6395).
### InstanceID
* Added a new notification for listening for token refresh from Messaging and updated the token cache in InstanceID (#6286).
* Fixed an issue where the token refresh notification was not triggered when using `tokenWithAuthorizedEntity:scope:options:handler` to fetch the token (#6286).
### FCM
* Added new token APIs to get and delete the default FCM registration token asynchronously. Also added new `Messaging.deleteToken(completion:)` and `Messaging.token(completion:)` methods for managing registration tokens and checkin data. Existing FCM users should replace their InstanceID calls with the new methods to prepare for the coming deprecation of InstanceID. (#6313).
## Version 6.32.2 - September 14, 2020
### Analytics
* Updated access to IDFA based on Apple announcement on effective date of AppTrackingTransparency policy.
## Version 6.32.0 - September 8, 2020
* Swift Package Manager - It's no longer necessary to select the Firebase or FirebaseCore products. Their build targets are implicitly selected when choosing any other Firebase product. If migrating from `6.31-spm-beta`, you may need to remove those targets from the `Frameworks, Libraries, and Embedded Content` Build Setting on the General tab.
### Analytics
* Resolved potential issues in usage of CFPreferences API.
* Internal code cleanup.
### App Distribution
* The App Distribution fastlane plugin version 0.2.0 no longer relies on the Firebase CLI to authenticate users and requests. For more information, visit Distribute an app with fastlane.
### Authentication
* Updated internal source documentation (#6371).
### Crashlytics
* Added stackFrameWithAddress API for recording custom errors that are symbolicated on the backend (#5975).
* Fixed comment typos (#6363).
* Remove device information from binary image data crash info entries (#6382).
### Realtime Database
* The SDK can now infer a default database URL if none is provided in the config.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fix gRPC documentation warning surfaced in Xcode (#6340).
## Version 6.31.1 - August 31, 2020
This release is available via CocoaPods only. Changes listed in this section
will be present in subsequent binary releases.
* Fixed sporadic missing FirebaseApp symbol build issue introduced in Firebase 6.28.0 (#6341).
## Version 6.31.0 Patch Release - August 27, 2020
This release is available via CocoaPods only. Changes listed in this section
will be present in subsequent binary releases.
### App Distribution
* Updated header comments (#6321).
* Fixed a bug where customers with restricted API keys were unable to fetch releases (#6346).
## Version 6.31.0 - August 25, 2020
* Beta release of Swift Package Manager. Details here. (#3136)
* Firebase's dependencies on nanopb are updated from version 0.3.9.5 to version 0.3.9.6 (1.30906.0 in CocoaPods).
### Analytics
* Added support for measuring first_open conversions for users who accept Apple's iOS 14 app tracking prompt.
### App Distribution
* The App Distribution iOS SDK is now available in beta. You can now add the SDK to enable and customize in-app new build alerts for your testers. For more details, visit Set up in-app alerts.
### Authentication
* Added support for multi-tenancy (#6142).
* Added basic watchOS support (#4621).
* Improved Xcode completion of public API completion handlers in Swift (#6283).
### Crashlytics
* Fixed a compiler warning and removed unused networking code (#6210).
* Fixed a crash that occurred rarely when trying to restart a URL session task without a valid request (#5984).
* Introduced watchOS support (#6262).
### Dynamic Links
* Functionally neutral public header refactor to enable Swift Package Manager support.
### Cloud Firestore
* Internal improvements for future C++ and Unity support.
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Functionally neutral import and header refactor to enable Swift Package Manager support.
### Installations
* Use ephemeral `NSURLSession` to prevent caching of request/response (#6226).
* Backoff added for some error to prevent unnecessary API requests (#6232).
### InstanceID
* Added a new notification for listening for FCM token refresh and updating the token cache in InstanceID (#6286).
* Fixed an issue where token refresh notification would not be triggered when using `tokenWithAuthorizedEntity:scope:options:handler` to fetch the token (#6286).
### FCM
* Fixed an issue where topic subscription did not work in watchOS (#6160).
* Improved Xcode completion of public API completion handlers in Swift (#6278).
## Version 6.30.0 - August 11, 2020
* Functionally neutral public header refactor in preparation for Swift Package Manager support. Applies to FirebaseCore, FirebaseABTesting, FirebaseAuth, FirebaseCrashlytics, FirebaseDatabase, FirebaseFirestore, FirebaseFuncitons, FirebaseInstallations, FirebaseRemoteConfig, FirebaseStorage, and GoogleDataTransport.
### Analytics
* Fixed an issue where the log level set by `FirebaseConfiguration` is overwritten (#5704).
* Internal code cleanup.
### A/B Testing
* Functionally neutral source reorganization for preliminary Swift Package Manager support (#6016).
### Authentication
* Fix bug where multiple keychain entries would result in user persistence failure (#5906).
* Added support for using GOOGLE_APP_ID in generic IDP and phone auth reCAPTCHA fallback flows (#6121).
### Crashlytics
* Fixed a segmentation fault that could occur when writing crash contexts to disk (#6048).
### Realtime Database
* Functionally neutral source reorganization (#5861).
### Dynamic Links
* Guard check logic in check for pending dynamic link.
### Cloud Firestore
* Rearranged public headers for future Swift Package Manager support. This should have no impact on existing users of CocoaPods, Carthage, or zip file distributions.
### Cloud Functions
* Functionally neutral source reorganization (#5858).
### Installations
* Functionally neutral source reorganization (#5861).
### Firebase ML
* Updated the TensorflowLiteObjC dependency to 2.3.0 in FirebaseMLModelInterpreter. Resolves (#5746).
### Remote Config
* Fixed `FirebaseApp.delete()`-related crash in config fetch (#6123).
### Performance Monitoring
* Rolled forward previous changes from in-house event log dispatch mechanism to GoogleDataTransport after fixing client timestamp issue.
* Updated the Logging message for 'Trace' and 'Network Requests' (see Public Docs).
* Resolved a long standing issue which stopped network request trace from being dispatched on Simulator.
### Cloud Storage
* Functionally neutral source reorganization (#5861).
## Version 6.29.0 - July 28, 2020
### A/B Testing
* Functionally neutral source reorganization for preliminary Swift Package Manager support (#6016).
### Analytics
* Added support for manually logging screen views with `logEvent(_:parameters:)`. The `setScreenName(_:screenClass:)` API will be deprecated and removed in a future major release.
* Added `setDefaultEventParameters` API to support setting parameters that will be logged on all events.
* `[SKAdNetwork registerAppForAdNetworkAttribution]` is now automatically called on first open by default. To opt-out of this default behavior, add the key `GOOGLE_ANALYTICS_REGISTRATION_WITH_AD_NETWORK_ENABLED` with Boolean value `NO` to your app’s `Info.plist` file.
### Authentication
* Fixed a multithreaded memory access issue (#5979).
### Crashlytics
* Fixed a segmentation fault that could occur when writing crash contexts to disk (#6048).
### Cloud Firestore
* Internal improvements for future C++ and Unity support.
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Fixed an inaccurate doc comment in `InAppMessagingDisplay` (#5972).
* Functionally neutral source reorganization for preliminary Swift Package Manager support (#6013).
### InstanceID
* Remove FIRInstanceIDURLQueryItem in favor of NSURLQueryItem (#5835).
### FCM
* Remove logic that was executed for iOS 7 and below (#5835).
### Remote Config
* Functionally neutral source reorganization for preliminary Swift Package Manager support (#6013).
## Version 6.28.2 - July 21, 2020
Zip file released containing FirebasePerformance 3.2.1.
## Version 6.28.1-hotfix - July 20, 2020
CocoaPods users can access this release by running `pod update` to install the
fix in FirebasePerformance 3.2.1. Zip file users can access the fix with
version 6.28.2.
### Performance Monitoring
* Fixed an issue that caused the majority of events to not be processed. This release is identical to v3.1.11.
## Version 6.28.1 - July 14, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a configuration issue where listeners were no longer being called back on the main thread by default.
## Version 6.28.0 - July 14, 2020
* Building with Firebase now requires Xcode 11.3 or higher. Note that Xcode 11.4 should not be used for apps that still support 32-bit devices.
* Added thread safety to `[FIROptions defaultOptions]` method (#5915).
* Updated GoogleUtilities and GoogleDataTransport imports. The GoogleDataTransportCCTSupport dependency should no longer be linked along with Firebase (#5824).
### A/B Testing
* Removed Protobuf dependency (#5890).
### Authentication
* Functionally neutral source reorganization for preliminary Swift Package Manager support (#5856).
### Crashlytics
* Add dispatch_once for opening sdk log file (#5904).
* Functionally neutral updated import references for dependencies (#5902).
### Realtime Database
* Functionally neutral source reorganization (#5861).
### Dynamic Links
* Fixed crashes that occur when a dynamic link is opened for the second time while an app is in the foreground (#5880).
* Added plist property `FirebaseDeepLinkPasteboardRetrievalEnabled` to enable/disable fetching dynamic links from Pasteboard.
* Reduce frequency of iOS14 pasteboard notifications by only reading from it when it contains URL(s) (#5905).
* Functionally neutral updated import references for dependencies (#5824).
### Cloud Firestore
* Removed a delay that may have prevented Firestore from immediately establishing a network connection if a connectivity change occurred while the app was in the background (#5783).
* Fixed a rare crash that could happen if the garbage collection process for old documents in the cache happened to run during a LevelDB compaction (#5881).
### Cloud Functions
* Functionally neutral source reorganization (#5858).
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Fixed an inaccurate doc comment in `InAppMessagingDisplay` (#5972).
### Installations
* Functionally neutral source reorganization (#5832).
### InstanceID
* Functionally neutral updated import references for dependencies (#5824).
### FCM
* Fix documentation warning exposed by Xcode 12 (#5876).
* Functionally neutral updated import references for dependencies (#5824).
### ML Kit for Firebase
* Marked all on-device APIs as deprecated. See the migration guide at https://developers.google.com/ml-kit/migration.
* Migrated from FirebaseInstanceID (IID) to FirebaseInstallations (FIS).
### Performance Monitoring
Warning: This version of `firebase-performance` (v3.2.0) should not be used.
It has a known issue that causes majority of the events not be processed. A
wrapper for the previous working version(v3.1.11) was released on July 20,
2020 (see v3.2.1).
* Migrated from in-house event log dispatch mechanism to GoogleDataTransport.
* Updated the Logging message for 'Trace' and 'Network Requests' (see Public Docs).
### Remote Config
* Functionally neutral updated import references for dependencies (#5824).
* Updated Remote Config to consume the Protobuf-less A/B Testing SDK (#5890).
### Cloud Storage
* Add error for attempt to upload directory (#5750).
* Functionally neutral source reorganization (#5851).
## Version 6.27.1 - July 6, 2020
### Analytics
* Updated symbols to not conflict with those defined in AdSupport.framework (#5153).
* Internal code cleanup.
## Version 6.27.0 - June 16, 2020
* Functionally neutral refactor to simplify FirebaseCore's header usage and replace Interop pods with headers only. This change is the reason most of the Firebase pods have a minor version update and why there may not be another specific release note.
### Analytics
* Fixed detection of duplicate subscription renewals.
### Authentication
* Standardize FirebaseCore import headers (#5758).
### Crashlytics
* Standardize FirebaseCore import headers (#5758).
### Realtime Database
* Standardize FirebaseCore import headers (#5758).
### Dynamic Links
* Fixed unwanted pending dynamic links checks on subsequent app restarts (#5665).
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue that may have prevented the client from connecting to the backend immediately after a user signed in.
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Standardize FirebaseCore import headers (#5758).
### Installations
* Standardize FirebaseCore import headers (#5758).
### InstanceID
* Standardize FirebaseCore import headers (#5758).
### FCM
* Use UNNotificationRequest to schedule local notification for local timezone notification for iOS 10 and above. This should also fix an issue where '%' was not properly shown in title and body (#5667).
* Fixed Maltese language key for language targeting (#5702).
### Remote Config
* Removed typedefs from public API method signatures to improve Swift API usage from Xcode (#5748).
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed a crash when listAll() was called at the root location (#5772).
* Added a check to FIRStorageUploadTask's `putFile:` to check if the passed-in `fileURL` is a directory, and provides a clear error if it is (#5750).
## Version 6.26.0 - June 2, 2020
* Fixed `FirebaseApp`'s `bundleID` verification, allowing exact `bundleID` matches for extensions (#5126).
### Analytics
* Added support for the increased product limits that are available in the 360 version of Google Analytics.
* Internal code cleanup.
### Crashlytics
* Fixed a crash that could occur if certain plist fields necessary to create Crashlytics records were missing at runtime. Also added some diagnostic logging to make the issue cause more explicit (#5565).
### Cloud Firestore
* Internal improvements for future C++ and Unity support. Includes a breaking change for the Firestore C++ Alpha SDK, but does not affect Objective-C or Swift users.
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Fixed log message for in-app messaging test on device flow (#5680).
### Installations
* macOS Keychain storage now uses a unique (per app) Keychain Service name to isolate Keychain items for different macOS applications. Note: Installation identifiers created by previous versions will be reset on macOS which can affect, for example, A/B Testing variants or debug device targeting for Firebase Messaging. iOS, tvOS and watchOS Installation Identifiers will not be affected (#5603).
* More readable server error console messages (#5654).
* Auth Token auto fetch disabled (#5656).
### ML Kit for Firebase
* Added `getLatestModelFilePath(_:completion:)` API to `ModelManager` for getting the absolute file path on the device for a downloaded custom remote model.
### Remote Config
* Updated `fetchAndActivateWithCompletionHandler:` implementation to activate asynchronously (#5617).
* Remove undefined class via removing unused proto generated source files (#4334).
* Add an URLSession partial mock to enable testing without a backend (#5633).
* Added activate API that returns a callback with an additional `bool` parameter indicating if the config has changed or not. The new API does not error if the console is unchanged. The old activate API with only an error parameter is deprecated and will be removed at the next major release (#3586).
## Version 6.25.0 - May 19, 2020
* Fixed `FirebaseApp`'s `bundleID` verification, allowing exact `bundleID` matches for extensions (#5126).
### Analytics
* Un-deprecated `AnalyticsEventViewSearchResults`.
### Cloud Firestore
* Internal improvements for future C++ and Unity support. Includes a breaking change for the Firestore C++ Alpha SDK, but does not affect Objective-C or Swift users.
#### Swift Extensions
* Renamed the misspelled `FirestoreDecodingError.fieldNameConfict` to `fieldNameConflict` (#5520).
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Fixed an issue where clicks were counted for messages with no action URL (#5564).
### FCM
* Updated an error case with a failure reason to give more details on the error (#5511).
### Remote Config
* Fixed a bug where settings updates weren't applied before fetches (#4740).
* Updated public API documentation for 4.4.10 change from FirebaseInstanceID to FirebaseInstallations (#5561).
## Version 6.24.0 - May 5, 2020
* Updated nanopb to 0.3.9.5 (across all Firebase pods). This includes a fix for CVE-2020-5235. Note that the versioning scheme for the nanopb CocoaPod has changed; see the nanopb podspec on GitHub for more details (#5191).
### Analytics
* Un-deprecated `AnalyticsEventSelectContent`.
### Authentication
* Remove unused mfa request field `mfa_provider` (#5397).
* Suppressed deprecation warnings when targeting iOS versions up to iOS 13 (#5437).
### Crashlytics
* Fixed unchecked `malloc`s in Crashlytics (#5428).
* Fixed an instance of undefined behavior when loading files from disk (#5454).
### Realtime Database
* Fixed documentation typos (#5406, #5418).
### Cloud Firestore
* Firestore now limits the number of concurrent document lookups it will perform when resolving inconsistencies in the local cache (firebase/firebase-js-sdk#2683).
* Upgraded gRPC-C++ to 1.28.0 (#4994).
* Firestore will now send Auth credentials to the Firestore Emulator (#5072).
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Fixed an issue where GoogleUtilities wasn't explicitly listed as a dependency (#5282).
### FCM
* Changed the location of source under FirebaseMessaging folder to fit the current repository organization (#5476).
### Remote Config
* Dropped dependency on InstanceID. Remote Config now depends directly on Installations (#5096).
* Remote Config now includes both `CFBundleString` and `CFBundleShortVersionString` in the outgoing fetch requests.
## Version 6.23.0 - April 21, 2020
* Fixed Carthage installation failures involving `Protobuf.framework`. `Protobuf.framework` is now separately installable by adding `FirebaseProtobufBinary.json` to the Cartfile. Full details in the Carthage usage instructions (#5276).
### Analytics
* Fixed backward compatibility issue.
* Internal code cleanup.
### Authentication
* Handle calls to `useUserAccessGroup` soon after configure (#4175).
### Crashlytics
* The Firebase Crashlytics SDK is now generally available.
### Realtime Database
* Added `ServerValue.increment()` to support atomic field value increments without transactions.
### Cloud Firestore
* Internal improvements for future C++ and Unity support.
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Fixed an issue where GoogleUtilities wasn't explicitly listed as a dependency (#5282).
### Installations
* Keychain key-value storage refactored to `GoogleUtilities` (#5329).
### InstanceID
* Internal cleanup and remove repetitive local notification (#5339).
### FCM
* Fixed an issue that when a token is deleted, the token refresh notification and delegate is not triggered (#5338).
### Cloud Storage
* Fix a rare case where a StorageTask would call its completion callbacks more than once (#5245).
## Version 6.22.0 - April 8, 2020
* Fixed unincluded umbrella header warnings in Carthage and zip distributions introduced in Firebase 6.21.0 (#5209).
### Analytics
* Fixed `session_start` event timestamp on warm start.
* Fixed issue where some automatic events stopped logging after calling `resetAnalyticsData`.
### Crashlytics
* Increased network timeout for symbol uploads to improve reliability on limited internet connections (#5228).
### Cloud Firestore
* Internal changes.
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Internal fixes for test apps (#5171).
### InstanceID
* Fixed provisioning profile location for catalyst (#5048).
* Fixed crash when passing a nil handler to deleteToken request (#5247).
* Remove obsolete logic to improve performance and reduce keychain operations (#5211, #5237).
### Cloud Storage
6.22.0 does not include any changes to the FirebaseStorage Objective-C module.
Upgrading Firebase to 6.22.0 is not necessary to install or use the
FirebaseStorageSwift extensions.
#### Swift Extensions
* Initial public beta release. Extends the Storage Reference API with the Swift Result type for all APIs that return an optional value and optional Error. To use, add `pod 'FirebaseStorageSwift'` to the Podfile and `import FirebaseStorageSwift` to the source. Please provide feedback about these new APIs and suggestions about other potential Swift extensions to the Firebase iOS SDK issue tracker.
## Version 6.21.0 - March 24, 2020
* The zip distribution is now comprised of xcframeworks instead of frameworks. This provides a binary distribution for the community supported Firebase for Catalyst. See the zip's README for additional details.
* The FirebaseCoreDiagnostic.framework in the Carthage distribution now includes an Info.plist (#4917).
* The arm64e slice is no longer included in the zip distribution's xcframeworks. The slice will be removed from the remaining frameworks in a subsequent release. We will restore it once arm64e is officially supported by Apple.
### Analytics
* Improved in-app purchase and subscription tracking.
* Added support for Enhanced Ecommerce. Added the following Analytics events:
* `AnalyticsEventAddShippingInfo`
* `AnalyticsEventPurchase`
* `AnalyticsEventRefund`
* `AnalyticsEventSelectItem`
* `AnalyticsEventSelectPromotion`
* `AnalyticsEventViewCart`
* `AnalyticsEventViewPromotion`
Also added the following Analytics parameters:
* `AnalyticsParameterDiscount`
* `AnalyticsParameterItemCategory2`
* `AnalyticsParameterItemCategory3`
* `AnalyticsParameterItemCategory4`
* `AnalyticsParameterItemCategory5`
* `AnalyticsParameterItemListID`
* `AnalyticsParameterItemListName`
* `AnalyticsParameterItems`
* `AnalyticsParameterLocationID`
* `AnalyticsParameterPaymentType`
* `AnalyticsParameterPromotionID`
* `AnalyticsParameterPromotionName`
* `AnalyticsParameterShippingTier`
The API changes included with this release support Ecommerce functionality
that will be made available in Google Analytics in the coming weeks. Check
back here for updates.
The BigQuery export schema also changed with this release. If you rely on
product data, check the schema changes before updating your SDK to v6.21.0.
* The following events have been deprecated:
* `AnalyticsEventCheckoutProgress`
* `AnalyticsEventEcommercePurchase`
* `AnalyticsEventPresentOffer`
* `AnalyticsEventPurchaseRefund`
* `AnalyticsEventSelectContent`
* `AnalyticsEventSetCheckoutOption`
* `AnalyticsEventViewSearchResults`
* The following parameters have been deprecated:
* `AnalyticsParameterCheckoutStep`
* `AnalyticsParameterCheckoutOption`
* `AnalyticsParameterItemLocationID`
* `AnalyticsParameterItemList`
### Authentication
* Internal changes (#5097).
* Multi-factor authentication is now available in the zip file and Carthage distributions.
### Crashlytics
* Added a new API to record custom exception models and stacktraces to Crashlytics. This is a replacement for the `recordCustomException` API that existed in the Fabric Crashlytics SDK (#5055)
* Fixed an issue with the `sendUnsentReports` API where reports wouldn't be uploaded until the method was called twice in specific instances (#5060)
* Changed Crashlytics to use GoogleDataTransport to upload crashes (#4989)
* Changed the origin that Crashlytics uses to register crash events for crash-free users. Ensure you have installed the Firebase SDK for Analytics version 6.3.1 or above (#5030)
### Dynamic Links
* Fixed Catalyst build - removed deprecated unused Apple framework dependencies (#5139).
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Fixed display issue with banner messages on iPad Pro 11" (#4714).
* Fixed 400 errors from backend due to a bug in the Instance ID SDK (#3887).
* Internal change in in-app message A/B test flow (#5078).
### Installations
* Accessing `GULHeartbeatDateStorage` moved out of main thread (#5098).
### Performance Monitoring
* Added direct dependency to Firebase Installations and removed the dependency on Firebase InstanceID.
## Version 6.20.0 - March 12, 2020
This release is only available on CocoaPods. New changes in this release will
be available across all distribution channels in Firebase versions 6.21.0 and
higher.
### Authentication
* Added support for Multi-factor Authentication (#4823). Note: Multi-factor authentication is currently only available on Google Cloud Identity Platform. Please follow this tutorial to use it in your Firebase projects.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed the FirebaseFirestore podspec to properly declare its dependency on the UIKit framework on iOS and tvOS.
## Version 6.19.0 - March 10, 2020
* Added an Apple platform flag (ios/macos/watchos/etc.) to `firebaseUserAgent`. The information will be used to support product decisions related to Apple platforms, e.g. prioritizing watchOS support, etc. (#4939)
### A/B Testing
* Added completion handler for `FIRExperimentController's` `updateExperimentsWithServiceOrigin` method.
* Deprecated `FIRExperimentController.updateExperiments(serviceOrigin:events:policy:lastStartTime:payloads:)`.
* Added `FIRExperimentController.validateRunningExperiments(serviceOrigin:runningExperimentPayloads:)`, allowing callers to expire experiments that are no longer running.
* Added `FIRExperimentController.activateExperiment(experimentPayload:origin:)`, allowing callers to directly activates an experiment.
### Analytics
* Added a warning when logging events with parameters containing Swift values not bridgeable to Objective-C Foundation types.
* Fixed an issue where Analytics would crash at configuration on iOS 8 if a plist key was missing (#4957).
### Crashlytics
* Changed two endpoints in the Firebase Crashlytics SDK with no expected end-user impact (#4953, #4988).
### Cloud Firestore
* Firestore should now recover its connection to the server more quickly after returning from the background (#4905).
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Added SDK support for A/B testing in-app messages.
### Remote Config
* Internal code changes (#4934).
## Version 6.18.0 - February 25, 2020
* Fix Zip Builder module map generation that could cause linker missing symbol errors in the 6.14.0 through 6.16.0 binary release distributions (#4819).
### Analytics
* Firebase InstanceID SDK dependency replaced by Firebase Installations SDK.
* Fixed value type in keychain (#4742).
* Fixed race conditions in accessing app instance ID after reset.
* Retry resetting Analytics data if it does not complete before app termination.
* Fixed a misuse of `dispatch_once`.
### Cloud Firestore
* Improved performance of queries with large result sets.
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Added support for data bundles for in-app messages. Data bundles are additional key-value pairs that can be sent along with an in-app message (#4922).
### InstanceID
* Removed unused files (#4881).
### FCM
* Deprecated FCM direct channel messaging via `shouldEstablishDirectChannel`. Instead, use APNs for downstream message delivery. Add `content_available` key to your payload if you want to continue use legacy APIs, but we strongly recommend HTTP v1 API as it provides full APNs support. The deprecated API will be removed in Firebase 7 (#4710).
* Deprecated upstream messaging API. For realtime updates, use Cloud Firestore, Realtime Database, or other services. The deprecated API will be removed in Firebase 7 (#4710).
* Use secure coding for Messaging's pending topics (#3686).
### Remote Config
* Fixed a bug (#4677, #4734) where Remote Config does not work after a restore of a previous backup of the device. (#4896).
## Version 6.17.0 - February 11, 2020
### Crashlytics
* Fixed symbol collisions with the legacy Fabric Crashlytics SDK and added a warning not to include both (#4753, #4755).
* Added crash prevention checks (#4661).
### Cloud Firestore
* Internal improvements.
### InstanceID
* Instance ID no longer collects logging IDs (#4444).
### FCM
* The `pod Firebase/Messaging` subspec now supports watchOS (#4807).
* Fixed FIRMessagingExtensionHelper crashing in unit tests (#4689).
* Fixed FIRMessagingRmqManager crashing on devices with corrupted messaging database files (#4771).
### Remote Config
* Fixed a crash that could occur when attempting a remote config fetch before a valid Instance ID was available (#4622).
* Fixed an issue where config fetch would sometimes fail with a duplicate fetch error when no other fetches were in progress (#3802).
* Fetch calls will now fail if a valid instance ID is not obtained by the Remote Config SDK.
### Performance Monitoring
* Fixed a crash related to fetching cached config values from Remote Config (#4400, #4399).
## Version 6.16.0 - January 28, 2020
* Minimum required Xcode version changed to 10.3 (was 10.1).
### Analytics
* Resolved a database issue on iOS 12+ if linked with sqlite library versions older than 3.20.0.
* Improved startup latency.
### Crashlytics
* Fixed VeraCode scanner issues for unchecked error conditions (#4669).
### Cloud Firestore
* Firestore previously required that every document read in a transaction must also be written. This requirement has been removed, and you can now read a document in a transaction without writing to it.
* Improved the performance of repeatedly executed queries when persistence is enabled. Recently executed queries should see dramatic improvements. This benefit is reduced if changes accumulate while the query is inactive. Queries that use the `limit()` API may not always benefit, depending on the accumulated changes.
* Changed the location of Firestore's locally stored data from the Documents folder to Library/Application Support, hiding it from users of apps that share their files with the iOS Files app. Important: After a user's data is migrated, downgrading to an older version of the SDK will cause the user to appear to lose data, since older versions of the SDK can't read data from the new location (#843).
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Consolidated backend and UI SDKs under `FirebaseInAppMessaging`. Developers should remove `pod Firebase/InAppMessagingDisplay` and only use `pod Firebase/InAppMessaging` in their Podfile.
* `FIRIAMDefaultDisplayImpl` is no longer public.
* `FirebaseInAppMessagingDisplay` is now deprecated and should be removed from developers' Podfiles.
* Minimum iOS version is now 9.0.
## Version 6.15.1 Patch Release - January 16, 2020
### Firebase installations service
* Throw an exception when there are missing required `FirebaseOptions` parameters (`APIKey`, `googleAppID`, and `projectID`). Please make sure your `GoogleServices-Info.plist` (or `FirebaseOptions` if you configure Firebase in code) is up to date. The file and settings can be downloaded from the Firebase Console (#4683).
## Version 6.15.0 - January 14, 2020
* Reorganized directory structure.
* The following SDKs introduce a new transitive dependency on the Firebase installations API:
* Analytics
* Cloud Messaging
* Remote Config
* In-App Messaging
* A/B Testing
* Performance Monitoring
* ML Kit
* Instance ID
The Firebase installations SDK introduces the Firebase installations API.
Developers that use API key restrictions may experience blocked requests
(https://stackoverflow.com/questions/58495985/). A solution is available here.
(#4533)
### Analytics
* Updated log messages to be less verbose.
* Fixed issues due to reference to self in async blocks.
### Authentication
* Added support of UISceneDelegate for URL redirect. (#4380)
* Fixed rawNonce in encoder. (#4337)
### Crashlytics
This Firebase Crashlytics version includes the initial beta release of the
Firebase Crashlytics SDK:
* The SDK is now open-sourced. Take a look in our GitHub repository.
* Added support for Catalyst (note that Crashlytics still supports tvOS and macOS).
* Added new APIs that are more consistent with other Firebase SDKs and more intuitive to use. The new APIs also give your users more control over how you collect their data.
* Removed the Fabric API Key. Now, Crashlytics uses the GoogleService-Info.plist file to associate your app with your project. If you linked your app from Fabric and want to upgrade to the new SDK, remove the Fabric API key from your `run` and `upload-symbols` scripts. We also recommend removing the Fabric section from your app's Info.plist (when you upgrade, Crashlytics uses the new configuration you set up in Firebase).
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a `limit(toLast:)` query operator, which returns the last matching documents up to the given limit.
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Issues with nullability in card message (#4435).
* Unit test failure with OCMock 3.5.0 (#4420).
* Crash in test on device error flow (#4446).
### InstanceID
* Added watchOS support for InstanceID (#4016)
* Added a new dependency on the Firebase Installations SDK. The Firebase Installations SDK introduces the Firebase Installations API. Developers that use API-restrictions for their API-Keys may experience blocked requests (https://stackoverflow.com/questions/58495985/). A solution is available here. (#4533)
### Firebase installations service
* Firebase installations service is an infrastructure service for Firebase services that creates unique identifiers and authentication tokens for Firebase clients (called "Firebase installations") enabling Firebase Targeting, i.e. interoperation between Firebase services.
* The Firebase installations SDK introduces the Firebase installations API. Developers that use API key restrictions may experience blocked requests (https://stackoverflow.com/questions/58495985/). This problem can be mitigated by following the instructions found here.
### FCM
* Added watchOS community support for Firebase Messaging. This enables FCM push notification function on watch only app or independent watch app. (#4016)
* Added a new transitive dependency on the Firebase Installations SDK. The Firebase Installations SDK introduces the Firebase Installations API. Developers that use API-restrictions for their API-Keys may experience blocked requests (https://stackoverflow.com/questions/58495985/). A solution is available here.
### Performance Monitoring
* Update to the newer version of FirebaseInstanceId SDK that uses FirebaseInstallationService.
### Realtime Database
* Addressed a performance regression introduced in 6.1.3.
### Cloud Storage
* Reorganized directory structure (#4573).
## Version 6.14.0 - December 17, 2019
* Updated the binary distributions to include arm64e slices. See Apple's documentation for more details. Support for the open source libraries is now included in the zip and Carthage distributions. All libraries now support building for arm64e except the MLKit ones, for which support is TBD (#4110).
* The directory structure of the zip distribution has changed to include the full name of each Firebase pod in the directory structure. For example, the former `Storage` directory is now `FirebaseStorage`.\
* Speed up initialization by lazily registering for the user agent (#1306).
* Added a Swift usage flag to `firebaseUserAgent`. The information will be used to support product decisions related to Swift, e.g. adding a Swift-specific API, SDKs, etc. (#4448).
### Analytics
* Fixed issue with custom app events not being passed to FirebaseInAppMessaging when GoogleTagManager is also present (#4305).
### Authentication
* Added support of UISceneDelegate for URL redirect (#4380).
* Fixed rawNonce in encoder (#4337).
### Realtime Database
* Internal improvements.
### Dynamic Links
* Fix component startup time (#4137).
* Fix crash due to object deallocation on app launch (#4308).
### Cloud Firestore
* Internal improvements.
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Issues with nullability in card message (#4435).
* Unit test failure with OCMock 3.5.0 (#4420).
* Crash in test on device error flow (#4446).
### InstanceID
* Added heartbeat support for InstanceID (#4323).
* Fixed the documentations on a few random generation and hash methods to clarify its use case to avoid confusions. (#4469, #4444, #4326).
### FCM
* Fix component startup time (#4137).
### Performance Monitoring
* Fixed issue related to app start trace being insanely long. #934
* Fixed issues related to monitoring NSURLSession based network requests where some of the requests were not monitored after iOS 13.
### Remote Config
* Fix the return status code when app is offline (#4100).
* Internal code cleanup (#4297, #4403, #4379).
## Version 6.13.0 Patch Release - November 19, 2019
This release does not include updates to the zip file or Carthage
distributions.
### Cloud Firestore
* Firestore no longer loads its TLS certificates from a bundle, which fixes crashes at startup when the bundle can't be loaded. This fixes a specific case where the bundle couldn't be loaded due to non-ASCII characters in the application name. If you're manually tracking dependencies, you can now remove `gRPCCertificates-Cpp.bundle` from your build (#3951).
## Version 6.13.0 - November 14, 2019
* Updated the Firebase Core minor version to prepare for an upcoming Firebase pod open source.
### Analytics
* Fixed crash after completed in-app purchase (#4176).
### Authentication
* Added support for Sign-in with Apple (#4183).
### Cloud Firestore
* Removed Firestore's dependency on the `Protobuf` CocoaPod. If you're manually tracking dependencies, you may be able to remove it from your build (note, however, that other Firebase components may still require it).
* Added a dependency on the `abseil` CocoaPod. If you're manually tracking dependencies, you need to add it to your build.
### FCM
* Moved message queue delete operation to a serial queue to avoid race conditions in unit tests (#4236).
### Performance Monitoring
* Fixed crashes related to Firebase Performance and Remote Config. (#4265, #4207, #4060, #3929)
### Remote Config
* Remote Config no longer re-activates the current config on fetch if it receives no changes from the backend. (#4260)
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed a `-Wunused-property-ivar` violation (#4281).
## Version 6.12.0 - November 5, 2019
* The zip file distributions are now built with Xcode 11.0. The zip file distribution no longer support Xcode 10.3 and below. The Carthage distribution is still built with Xcode 10.1 and is planned to update to Xcode 11.0 in the next release. As a workaround for (#3791), Carthage users can integrate GoogleSignIn.framework from the (zip distribution).
### Analytics
* Updated podspec to depend on exact nanopb version.
### Realtime Database
* Addressed an issue with `NSDecimalNumber` case that prevented decimals with high precision to be stored correctly in our persistence layer (#4108).
### Cloud Firestore
* Added `whereField(_:in:)` and `whereField(_:arrayContainsAny:)` query operators. `whereField(_:in:)` finds documents where a specified field’s value is IN a specified array. `whereField(_:arrayContainsAny:)` finds documents where a specified field is an array and contains ANY element of a specified array.
* Firestore SDK now uses Nanopb rather than the Objective-C Protobuf library for parsing protos. This change does not affect visible behavior of the SDK in any way. While we don't anticipate any issues, please report any issues with network behavior or persistence that you experience.
### InstanceID
* Fixed a crash in `checkTokenRefreshPolicyWithIID:` and ensure `tokenWithAuthorizedEntity:scope:options:handler` method is refreshing token if token is stale (#4167).
* Updated deprecated keychain access level (#4172).
### FCM
* Moved reliable message queue database operation off main thread (#4053).
### Remote Config
* Minor internal project structure changes.
### Performance Monitoring
* Internal SDK enhancements.
## Version 6.11.0 - October 22, 2019
* Fix container instantiation timing, IID startup (#4030).
* Open-sourced Firebase pod. This enables `import Firebase` module support for tvOS and macOS (#4021).
### Authentication
* Removed usage of a deprecated property on iOS 13 (#4066).
### Cloud Firestore
* Fix a race condition that could cause a segmentation fault during client initialization (#4091).
#### Swift Extensions
* Initial public release.
### InstanceID
* Fixed InstanceID initialization timing issue (#4030).
* Added check to see if token and IID are inconsistent (#4025).
* Removed migration logic from document folder to application folder (#4033).
### FCM
* Fixed IID and Messaging container instantiation timing issue (#4030).
* Internal cleanup and remove migration logic from document folder to application folder (#4033, #4045).
### Remote Config
* Removed existing usage of an internal deprecated API (#3993).
## Version 6.10.0 - October 8, 2019
* Transitive GoogleDataTransport dependency incremented to v2.0.0 (#3729).
* Fixed "expiclitlySet" typo (#3853).
### A/B Testing
* Fixed an Analyzer issue (#3622).
### Analytics
* Fixed potential crash due to debug assertion when Analytics starts.
* Fixed race condition that prevented upload from completing while app was in the background.
### Authentication
* Added methods allowing developers to link and reauthenticate with federated providers. (#3971)
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an iOS 13 crash that occurred in our WebSocket error handling. (#3950)
### Cloud Firestore
* Added an `addSnapshotsInSyncListener()` method to `FIRFirestore` that notifies you when all your snapshot listeners are in sync with each other.
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Added support for UIScene-based application lifecycle (#3927).
* Fixed storyboard layout error in Xcode 11 (#3748).
### FCM
* Updated Protobuf version to fix warnings in Xcode.
### ML Kit for Firebase
* An enhanced version of barcode scanner with better speed and accuracy.
* Breaking change: Updated `ModelManager` with the following API changes:
* Added `modelManager(app:)` for a custom Firebase app. Note that download management for custom Firebase apps is currently only supported for the Translate SDK.
* Removed the `RemoteModel` and `LocalModel` registration APIs. You no longer need to register models before using them.
* Added a model download conditions parameter in the `download(_:conditions)` API to make it easier to tie the conditions to specific download requests. You can fully control when to download a model for the first time and when to check for model updates via this API.
* Updated `isRemoteModelDownloaded(_:)` to `isModelDownloaded(_:)`.
* Added `deleteDownloadedModel(_:completion:)` to delete downloaded models to provide you with more flexibility for managing disk space on your user's devices.
* Removed `deleteDownloadedTranslateModel(_:completion)`
* Updated the `availableTranslateModelsWithApp(app:)` method to a `downloadedTranslateModels` property.
* Breaking change: `RemoteModel` and `LocalModel` initializers have been disabled. New subclasses have been added for AutoML, Custom, and Translate SDKs. Use the intializers for those subclasses to create instances of remote and local models. `initialConditions` and `updateConditions` are no longer needed for initializing a remote model. You can specify the download condition when calling `download(_:conditions:)` of the `ModelManager`.
* Added `CustomRemoteModel` and `CustomLocalModel` as instantiable subclasses of `RemoteModel` and `LocalModel` classes, respectively.
* Breaking change: Updated the initializers for `ModelInterpreter` and removed the `ModelOptions` class. The `ModelInterpreter` can be initialized with either a `CustomRemoteModel` or `CustomLocalModel`, but not both.
* Breaking change: Implicit model downloading is no longer available through the `ModelInterpreter`. You must invoke the `ModelManager`'s `download(_:conditions:)` API to download `CustomRemoteModel`s. Please see the Model Interpreter QuickStart app for an example of how to download `CustomRemoteModel`s.
* Added `AutoMLRemoteModel` and `AutoMLLocalModel` as instantiable subclasses of `RemoteModel` and `LocalModel` classes, respectively.
* Breaking change: Updated the initializers for `VisionOnDeviceAutoMLImageLabelerOptions`. The `VisionOnDeviceAutoMLImageLabelerOptions` can be initialized with either an `AutoMLRemoteModel` or `AutoMLLocalModel`, but not both.
* Breaking change: Implicit model downloading is no longer available through the `VisionOnDeviceAutoMLImageLabeler`. You must invoke the `ModelManager`'s `download(_:conditions:)` API to download `AutoMLRemoteModel`s. Please see the Vision QuickStart app for an example of how to download `AutoMLRemoteModel`s.
* Breaking change: Updated the initializers for `TranslateRemoteModel`. A `TranslateRemoteModel` can only be initialized with a `TranslateLanguage`. Download conditions are now passed to `ModelManager`'s `download(_:conditions:)` API, and custom Firebase apps are supported through `ModelManager`'s `modelManager(app:)` API.
* Breaking change: On-device text recognition API for iOS no longer supports i386 architecture, but continues to support x86_64, arm64, and armv7 architectures.
### Performance Monitoring
* Fixed issue related to crash when app starts on iOS 13 devices. (#3929)
* Internal SDK enhancements.
### Remote Config
* Fixed issue for outdated values for deleted config keys. (#3745).
## Version 6.9.0 - September 23, 2019
* Transitive GoogleDataTransport dependency incremented to v2.0.0 (#3729).
* Fixed "expiclitlySet" typo (#3853).
### Analytics
* Fixed crash when updating identifiers from multiple threads (#2575).
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a memory access error discovered using the sanitizers in Xcode 11.
### FCM
* Mute FCM deprecated warnings with Xcode 11 and min iOS >= 10 (#3857).
### ML Kit for Firebase
* Fixed an incompatibility issue between Translate and FirebaseMLCommon.
### Remote Config
* Fixed docs issue (#3846).
## Version 6.8.1 - September 10, 2019
### Dynamic Links
* Removed references to UIWebViewDelegate to comply with App Store Submission warning (#3722).
### InstanceID
* Fix private header imports (#3621).
### Performance Monitoring
* Enable app start time measurements for ios 12.4.
### Cloud Storage
* Fix crash in FIRStorageUploadTask (#3750).
## Version 6.8.0 - September 5, 2019
### A/B Testing
* Fixed an Analyzer issue (#3622).
### Dynamic Links
* Removed references to UIWebView to comply with App Store Submission warning (#3722).
### Cloud Firestore
* Transactions now perform exponential backoff before retrying. This means transactions on highly contended documents are more likely to succeed.
* Added a `waitForPendingWrites()` method to `FIRFirestore` class which allows users to wait on a promise that resolves when all pending writes are acknowledged by the Firestore backend.
* Added a `terminate()` method to `FIRFirestore` which terminates the instance, releasing any held resources. Once it completes, you can optionally call `clearPersistence()` to wipe persisted Firestore data from disk.
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Undeprecated initializer for FIRInAppMessagingAction so it can be used going forward in custom UI display (#3545).
### InstanceID
* Moved two headers from internal to private for Remote Config open sourcing (#3621).
### FCM
* Fixed notification open event is not logged when scheduling a local timezone message (#3670, #3638).
* Fixed FirebaseApp.delete() results in unusable Messaging singleton (#3411).
### ML Kit for Firebase
* Updated the TensorFlow Lite dependency from `TensorFlowLite` 1.13.1 to `TensorFlowLiteObjC` 1.14.0 for Custom and AutoML SDKs.
### Performance Monitoring
* Updated the dependency on Firebase Remote Config.
### Remote Config
* Initial Open Source (#3645).
* Community macOS and tvOS support.
* Catalyst build support.
## Version 6.7.1 - August 23, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a crash that would happen when changing networks or going from online to offline (#3661).
## Version 6.7.0 - August 21, 2019
* Added AppKit dependency on macOS and UIKit dependency on iOS and tvOS (#3459).
* Moved core diagnostics log to app launch when core data collection is enabled (#3437).
* Open-sourced the Firebase Core Diagnostics SDK (#3129).
### A/B Testing
* Initial Open Source (#3507).
### Analytics
* Added support for monitoring launches of new features via Firebase Remote Config.
* Fixed a crash regression when event parameter dictionary is mutated while being enumerated (#3255).
### Authentication
* Make sure the first valid auth domain is retrieved (#3493).
* Add assertion for Facebook generic IDP flow (#3208).
* Build for Catalyst (#3549).
### Realtime Database
* Fix Catalyst Build issue (#3512).
* The SDK adds support for the Firebase Database Emulator. To connect to the emulator, specify "http:///" as your Database URL (via `Database.database(url:)`). If you refer to your emulator host by IP rather than by domain name, you may also need to specify a namespace (`"http://<emulator_host>/?ns=<namespace>"`) (#3491).
### Dynamic Links
* Minor internal refactoring.
### Cloud Firestore
* Internal improvements.
### FCM
* Cleaned up documents, unused macros, and folders (#3490, #3537, #3556, #3498).
* Updated the header path to pod repo relative (#3527).
* Fix singleton functionality after a FirebaseApp is deleted and recreated (#3411).
### Remote Config
* Fixed a crash seen by some users. (#3508).
* Internal changes and stability improvements.
## Version 6.6.0 - August 6, 2019
* Added AppKit dependency on macOS and UIKit dependency on iOS and tvOS (#3459).
* Added support for Firebase Segmentation (#3430).
* Moved core diagnostics log to app launch when core data collection is enabled (#3437).
* Open-sourced the Firebase Core Diagnostics SDK (#3129).
### Analytics
* Added automatic logging of app being sent to the background.
* Added support for session-scoped audiences.
* Cleaned up the event parameter names displayed in the debug logs.
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where unlinking an email auth provider raised an incorrect error stating the account was not linked to an email auth provider (#3405).
* Renamed internal Keychain classes (#3473).
### Dynamic Links
* Updated to maintain compatibility with Firebase Core in 6.6.0.
### Cloud Firestore
* Transactions are now more flexible. Some sequences of operations that were previously incorrectly disallowed are now allowed. For example, after reading a document that doesn't exist, you can now set it multiple times successfully in a transaction.
### InstanceID
* Fixed a crash that could occur if InstanceID was shut down when fetching a new instance ID (#3439).
### FCM
* Fix hang when token is not available before topic subscription and unsubscription (#3438).
### Performance Monitoring
* Fixed an issue where `NSURLConnection`-based network requests made from KVO-d `NSOperation`s do not complete.
* Fixed issues where some UIKit methods could be called on the main thread.
## Version 6.5.0 - July 18, 2019
* `FirebaseOptions.appGroupID` property added to configure the App Group identifier required to share data between the application and the application extensions (#3293).
### Analytics
* Changed ordering of events during startup. Analytics usage is not affected by this change.
### Authentication
* Added a new client error `MISSING_CLIENT_IDENTIFIER` (#3341).
### Dynamic Links
* Removed a call to a deprecated logging method (#3333).
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where query results were temporarily missing documents that previously had not matched but had been updated to now match the query (firebase/firebase-android-sdk#155).
* Fixed an internal assertion that was triggered when an update with a `FieldValue.serverTimestamp()` and an update with a `FieldValue.increment()` were pending for the same document.
* Fixed the `oldIndex` and `newIndex` values in `DocumentChange` to actually be `NSNotFound` when documents are added or removed, respectively (#3298).
* Failed transactions now return the failure from the last attempt, instead of `ABORTED`.
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Fixed issue with messages triggered on app launch not displaying (#3237).
* Fixed bug with body text color for card messages (#3286).
### InstanceID
* Removed a call to a deprecated logging method (#3333).
### Remote Config
* Fixed a crash seen by some users when initializing Remote Config with Firebase Performance also installed (#3344).
### Cloud Storage
* Ensure that users don't accidently invoke `Storage()` instead of `Storage.storage()`. If your code calls the constructor of Storage directly, we will throw an assertion failure instead of crashing the process later as the instance is used (#3282).
## Version 6.4.0 - July 9, 2019
### Analytics
* Fixed potential crash if the event parameters dictionary is mutated after logging an event (#3255).
### Authentication
* Expose `secret` of OAuth credential in public header (#3089).
* Fix a keychain issue where API key is incorrectly set (#3239).
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed certificate loading for non-CocoaPods builds that may not include bundle identifiers in their frameworks or apps (#3184).
### InstanceID
* Fixed an issue where fetching an instance ID wouldn't invoke the callback handler if the instance ID had not changed. (#3229).
### FCM
* Fix Xcode 11 tvOS build issue (#3216).
### ML Kit for Firebase
* Fixed the known issue of `VisionObjectDetector` where in streaming mode, if the category of an object changes, the detector assigns it a new tracking ID.
* Improved detecting small objects with `VisionObjectDetector`.
* Breaking change: Removed `entityID` and `label` APIs from `VisionObject`.
* Natural Language features now use external Protobuf and Google Toolbox for Mac libraries, resulting in reduced binary size.
* Improved error telemetry for Translate model downloading.
* Improved handling of invalid inputs in SmartReply.
### Performance Monitoring
* Fixes an iOS 13 beta crash caused by a race condition with Remote Config.
### Remote Config
* Improved shared instance initialization sequence during `FirebaseApp.configure()`.
### Cloud Storage
* Added `StorageReference.list()` and `StorageReference.listAll()`, which allows developers to list the files and folders under the given StorageReference.
## Version 6.3.0 - June 19, 2019
### Analytics
* Fixed issue with sessions not starting occasionally.
* Fixed issue with update_with_analytics event parameter having an incorrect value.
* Fixed issue with first_open_after_install user property having an incorrect value.
* Updated SQLite usage to pass additional flag to sqlite3_open_v2 and call sqlite3_prepare_v3 for iOS 12+.
### Authentication
* Fixed line limits and linter warnings in public documentation (#3139).
### Cloud Firestore
* Added `clearPersistence()`, which clears the persistent storage including pending writes and cached documents. This is intended to help write reliable tests (#449).
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Simplified startup by only scheduling server contact if logs are present (#3101).
### InstanceID
* Added macOS support for InstanceID. (#2880).
* Corrected timezone proto key. (#3132).
### FCM
* Added macOS support for Messaging. You can now send push notifications to your mac app with Firebase Messaging. (#2880).
### Performance Monitoring
* Make Firebase Performance work with the recent version of Remote Config.
* Fix the bug where dataCollectionEnabled flag was not honored for out of the box metrics.
### Remote Config
* Async initialization with new API for ensuring initialization completed with completion handler.
* Support for multiple active instances of Remote Config in the same app (Analytics only supported with default Firebase app instance).
* New fetchAndActivate API to perform both fetch and activation upon a successful fetch in a single API call with async completion.
* New 'jsonValue' property in the FIRRemoteConfigValue class for reading value of a param as a JSON value.
* New properties for setting minimumFetchInterval and fetch timeout in FIRRemoteConfigSettings class.
* [FIRRemoteConfigSettings initWithDeveloperModeEnabled] is now deprecated. Use minimumFetchInterval or call [FIRRemoteConfig fetchWithExpirationDuration:] to force a fetch to the Remote Config backend.
* Async activate API with completion handler.
* All Remote Config API which take an explicit namespace parameter are deprecated.
## Version 6.2.0 - June 4, 2019
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where users could not link email providers via email links. (#3030).
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Added support for card in-app messages (#2947).
* Added direct triggering (via FIAM SDK) of in-app messages (#3081).
### Cloud Firestore
* Firestore should now recover its connection to the server more quickly after being on a network suffering from total packet loss (#2987).
* Changed gRPC-C++ dependency to 0.0.9 which adds support for using it concurrently with the Objective-C gRPC CocoaPod. This fixes certificate errors you might encounter when trying to use Firestore and other Google Cloud Objective-C APIs in the same project.
### InstanceID
* Fixed a crash in token fetching. Removed debug assertion that is only for develop build. (#3018).
### ML Kit for Firebase
* Internal improvements and refactored code.
### FCM
* Disable data protection when opening the Rmq2PeristentStore. (#2963).
## Version 6.1.0 - May 21, 2019
* Allowed `FirebaseApp` name to accept any alpha-numeric character instead of only ASCII (#2609).
### Analytics
* Fixed issue with custom app events not being passed to other Firebase SDKs.
### Authentication
* Added support of web.app as an auth domain. (#2959).
* Fixed an issue where the return type of `getStoredUserForAccessGroup:error:` is nonnull. (#2879).
### Cloud Firestore
* Disabling garbage collection now avoids even scheduling the collection process. This can be used to prevent crashes in the background when using NSFileProtectionComplete. Note that Firestore does not support operating in this mode--nearly all API calls will cause crashes while file protection is enabled. This change just prevents a crash when Firestore is idle. (#2846).
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* We fixed an issue with messages not showing from custom analytics event trigger (#2981).
* We fixed a crash from sending analytics events with no instance ID (#2988).
### InstanceID
* Fixed a keychain migration crash. (#2731).
* Fixed a race condition where checkin was deleted before writing during app start, causing notifications to not be delivered correctly. (#2438).
* Remove reflection call to get checkin info from Firebase Messaging. (#2825).
### ML Kit for Firebase
* Fixed possible out-of-memory error: Updated `Translator` to release memory for the instance once all references have been removed.
* Renamed Swift values of `TranslateLanguage` from uppercase to lowercase, e.g from `TranslateLanguage.EN` to `TranslateLanguage.en`.
### FCM
* Remove reflection call to get checkin info from Firebase Messaging and calling the private API directly. (#2825).
* Fix race condition checkin is deleted before writing during app start. This cleans up the corrupted checkin which causes notifications failed to deliver. (#2438).
## Version 6.0.0 - May 7, 2019
Note: The FirebaseInvites and FirebaseCrash SDKs that were previously
deprecated have been removed from the Firebase pod and Zip file. See below for
the recommended migration strategy for each SDK.
* Removed `FIRAnalyticsConfiguration` APIs. Use the same APIs directly on the `FirebaseAnalytics` class. (#2728).
* Added support for CocoaPods 1.7.x `:generate_multiple_pod_projects` feature. (#2751).
* Removed runtime warning for missing Analytics in favor of one at build time. (#2734).
### Analytics
* Added support for programmatically indicating that a user’s future Analytics data should not be used for personalized advertising.
### A/B Testing
* Removed `FIR` prefixes from Swift APIs to match the rest of the Firebase SDKs. (#1779).
### Authentication
* Added support for single sign on. (#2684).
* Deprecated `reauthenticateAndRetrieveDataWithCredential:completion:`, `signInAndRetrieveDataWithCredential:completion:`, `linkAndRetrieveDataWithCredential:completion:`, `fetchProvidersForEmail:completion:`. (#2723).
* Removed pendingToken from public API. (#2676).
* `GULAppDelegateSwizzler` is used for the app delegate swizzling. (#2591).
### Realtime Database
* Removed the deprecated `childByAppendingPath` API. (#2763).
### Crash Reporting
* FirebaseCrash was removed from the Firebase pod. It's recommended to upgrade to Firebase Crashlytics.
### Dynamic Links
* FirebaseAnalytics is no longer a hard dependency in the DynamicLinks pod. If you were installing Dynamic Links via `pod 'Firebase/DynamicLinks'`, add `pod 'Firebase/Analytics'` to the Podfile to maintain full Dynamic Links functionality. If you have `pod 'Firebase/Core'` in the Podfile, no change is necessary. (#2738).
* Removed deprecated APIs in FDLURLComponents. (#2768).
### Cloud Firestore
* You can now query across all collections in your database with a given collection ID using the `Firestore.collectionGroup()` method.
* Added community support for tvOS.
### Cloud Functions
* Updated to depend on the latest FirebaseCore SDK.
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Updated to depend on the latest FirebaseCore SDK.
### InstanceID
* Remove deprecated `token` method. Use `instanceIDWithHandler:` instead. (#2741).
* Send `firebaseUserAgent` with a register request. (#2679).
### Invites
* FirebaseInvites was removed from the Firebase pod. Please see this document for more information on how to replace FirebaseInvites using Firebase DynamicLinks in your project.
### ML Kit for Firebase
* Added Translate support for Natural Language.
* Added support for on-device AutoML Image Labeling using image classification models trained by AutoML on custom images.
* Added support for on-device Object Detection and Tracking.
* Added support for initiating the download of a remote model, monitoring download progress, and receiving notifications. To learn more, read ML Kit for Firebase.
* Upgraded TensorFlowLite dependency from 1.12.0 to 1.13.1.
### FCM
* Removed `useMessagingDelegateForDirectChannel` property. All direct channels (non-APNS) messages will be handled in `FIRMessagingDelegate messaging:didReceiveMessage:`. (#2711).
* Removed deprecated API to connect direct channel. Use `shouldEstablishDirectChannel` property instead. (#2717).
* `GULAppDelegateSwizzler` is used for the app delegate swizzling. (#2683).
### Performance Monitoring
* Removed the deprecated counter API. Use metrics API going forward.
### Remote Config
* FirebaseAnalytics is no longer a hard dependency in the RemoteConfig pod. If you were installing Remote Config via `pod 'Firebase/RemoteConfig'`, add `pod 'Firebase/Analytics'` to the Podfile to maintain full RemoteConfig functionality. If you have `pod 'Firebase/Core'` in the Podfile, no change is necessary. No major changes to functionality.
## Version 5.20.2 - April 10, 2019
### Analytics
* Fixed an issue with `setAnalyticsCollectionEnabled(_:)` not persisting properly between app launches.
## Version 5.20.1 - March 30, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a use-after-free bug that could be observed when using snapshot listeners on temporary document references (#2682).
## Version 5.20.0 - March 29, 2019
* Avoid using NSRegularExpression in FIRApp.
* Improve error meessage for invalid app names. (#2614).
* FIRApp thread safety fixes. (#2639).
### Authentication
* Added support for new error code `ERROR_INVALID_PROVIDER_ID`. (#2629).
### Cloud Firestore
* Added community support for macOS (#434).
* Fixed the way gRPC certificates are loaded on macOS (#2604).
### Dynamic Links
* Fixed an issue where 'matchesShortLinkFormat' was returning true for certain FDL long links. (#2563).
### InstanceID
* We fixed a bug where handlers of `instanceIDWithHandler:` weren't responding. (#2445).
* We fixed a race condition where the token kept being refreshed at app start. (#2438).
## Version 5.19.0 - March 19, 2019
Note: The Firebase iOS SDK now requires Xcode 10.1 or later.
* Allow Bundle IDs that have a valid prefix to enable richer extension support. (#2515).
* Deprecated `FIRAnalyticsConfiguration` API in favor of new methods on the Analytics SDK. Please call the new APIs directly: Enable/disable Analytics with `Analytics.setAnalyticsCollectionEnabled(_)` and modify the session timeout interval with `Analytics.setSessionTimeoutInterval(_)`.
### Analytics
* Added new `setAnalyticsCollectionEnabled(_)` and `setSessionTimeoutInterval(_)` APIs. These should be used in place of the `AnalyticsConfiguration` APIs that were deprecated in FirebaseCore (#2516).
### Authentication
* Deprecated Microsoft and Yahoo OAuth Provider IDs. (#2517).
* Fixed an issue where an exception was thrown when linking OAuth credentials. (#2521).
* Fixed an issue where a wrong error was thrown when handling error with `FEDERATED_USER_ID_ALREADY_LINKED`. (#2522).
### Cloud Firestore
* Added `FieldValue.increment()`, which can be used in `updateData(_:)` and `setData(_:merge:)` to increment or decrement numeric field values safely without transactions.
* Improved performance when querying over documents that contain subcollections (#2466).
* Prepared the persistence layer to support collection group queries. While this feature is not yet available, all schema changes are included in this release.
### Dynamic Links
* Fixed an issue with certain Analytics attribution parameters not being recorded on an app install. (#2462).
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Fixed a crash that occurred when integrating Firebase In-App Messaging into NativeScript apps.
### FCM
* Added community support for tvOS. (#2428).
### InstanceID
* Community support for tvOS. (#2428).
* Adding Firebase info to checkin. (#2509).
* Fixed a crash in FIRInstanceIDCheckinService (#2548).
### ML Kit for Firebase
* Added Smart Reply support for Natural Language. To learn more, read ML Kit for Firebase.
* Breaking change: Renamed model downloading APIs in FirebaseMLCommon (no change to functionality):
* Renamed `CloudModelSource` to `RemoteModel` and `LocalModelSource` to `LocalModel`.
* Updated `ModelManager` methods to reflect the renaming of the model classes.
* Renamed the following properties in `ModelDownloadConditions`: `isWiFiRequired` is now `allowsCellularAccess` and `canDownloadInBackground` is now `allowsBackgroundDownloading`.
### Performance Monitoring
* Fixed a crash related to password auto-fill screen (#2283, #1986).
### Realtime Database
* Fixed crash in FSRWebSocket (#2485).
### Cloud Storage
* StorageReference.putFile() now correctly propagates error if file to upload does not exist (#2458, #2350).
## Version 5.18.2 - March 7, 2019
Note: Zip file and Carthage release only.
* Fixed an incomplete modulemap in some frameworks which could lead to linker errors.
## Version 5.18.1 - March 7, 2019
Note: Zip file and Carthage release only.
### InstanceID
* Properly pushed the open-source version of Firebase InstanceID. (#186). To get this fix, remove the `Pods` directory or run `pod deintegrate` before `pod update`. Also see #2486.
## Version 5.18.0 - March 5, 2019
* Deprecated `setMinimumSessionInterval` on `AnalyticsConfiguration`. (#2305).
### Analytics
* Fixed an issue with background tasks not terminating when the configuration isn't expired even when there isn't any data to upload.
### Authentication
* Add support for Generic IDP. (#2405).
### Cloud Firestore
* Internal improvements to the SDK. These changes do not have any impact on developers using Cloud Firestore.
### Cloud Functions
* Changed the default timeout for callable functions to 70 seconds (#2329).
* Added a method to change the timeout for a callable (#2329).
### Dynamic Links
* Added return call validation for `sysctlbyname`. (#2394).
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Allow developers to programmatically register a delegate for updates on in-app engagement (impression, click, display errors). (#2354).
### InstanceID
* Open Source Firebase InstanceID. (#186).
### FCM
* Replaced `NSUserDefaults` with `GULUserDefaults` to avoid potential crashes. (#2443).
## Version 5.17.0 - February 21, 2019
### Analytics
* Sessions start immediately when an engagement occurs.
* Added support for extending sessions while app is running in the background.
### Cloud Firestore
* Internal improvements to the SDK. These changes do not have any impact on developers using Cloud Firestore.
### InstanceID
* InstanceID now updates keychain access control whenever a new keychain is added, to make sure keychain access won't be blocked when device is locked. (#1399).
* Fixed an issue where push notification is not working on release builds. (#2365).
### FCM
* Internal code cleanup to improve better unit testing. (#2250).
## Version 5.16.0 - January 22, 2019
* The minimum supported Xcode version is now 9.4.1.
* Internal change to add a `registerInternalLibrary` API. Other Firebase libraries can register with `FirebaseCore` instead of `FirebaseCore` needing all of its clients' versions built in. Firebase 5.16.0 makes this transition for `FirebaseAnalytics`, `FirebaseAuth`, `FirebaseDatabase`, `FirebaseDynamicLinks`, `FirebaseFirestore`, `FirebaseFunctions`, `FirebaseInstanceID`, `FirebaseMessaging`, and `FirebaseStorage`. This change has no impact on Firebase developers.
### InstanceID
* Moved all keychain write operations off the main thread (#1399).
* Made keychain operations asynchronous where possible (given the current APIs).
* Updated the SDK to avoid redundant keychain operations when previously queried and cached.
### Cloud Firestore
* Breaking change: The `areTimestampsInSnapshotsEnabled` setting is now enabled by default. Timestamp fields that read from a `FIRDocumentSnapshot` are now returned as `FIRTimestamp` objects instead of `NSDate` objects. Update any code that expects to receive a `NSDate` object. See the reference documentation for more details.
* Breaking change: `FIRTransaction.getDocument()` has been changed to return a non-nil FIRDocumentSnapshot with exists equal to false if the document does not exist (instead of returning a nil `FIRDocumentSnapshot`). Code that includes `if (snapshot) { ... }` must be changed to `if (snapshot.exists) { ... }`.
* Fixed a crash that could happen when the app is shut down after a write has been sent to the server but before it has been received on a listener (#2237).
* Firestore no longer bundles a copy of the gRPC certificates, now that the gRPC-C++ CocoaPod includes them. CocoaPods users should be updated automatically. Carthage users should follow the updated instructions to get `gRPCCertificates.bundle` from the correct location.
### ML Kit for Firebase
* Added support for Natural Language and Language Identification. To learn more, read ML Kit for Firebase.
* Breaking change: Unified and enhanced on-device and cloud image-labeling API.
* Added the `ModelManager` class for downloading and managing custom models from the cloud.
* Added the `CloudModelSource` and `LocalModelSource` classes for defining and registering custom cloud and local models. These classes were previously defined in `FirebaseMLModelInterpreter`.
* Defined and registered `CloudModelSource` and moved the `LocalModelSource`custom models to `FirebaseMLCommon`. To use the new API, import the `FirebaseMLCommon` module.
* Upgraded the TensorFlowLite dependency from 1.10.1 to 1.12.0.
## Version 5.15.0 - December 17, 2018
### Authentication
* Add support for Game Center sign-in (#2127).
### Cloud Firestore
* Offline persistence now properly records schema downgrades. This is a forward-looking change that allows all subsequent versions to safely downgrade to this version. Some other versions might be safe to downgrade to, if you can determine there haven't been any schema migrations between them. For example, downgrading from v0.16.1 to v0.15.0 is safe because there have been no schema changes between these releases.
* Fixed an issue where gRPC would crash if shut down multiple times (#2146).
### Performance Monitoring
* Resolved an issue that caused crashes in `FPRScreenTraceTracker` (#1986).
* Fixed duplicate symbols issue with `NearbyMessages` CocoaPod (#2094).
## Version 5.14.0 - December 4, 2018
### Analytics
* Updated names for certain internal events and parameters.
* The FirebaseAnalytics CocoaPod corrects its dependency on the `GoogleAppMeasurement` CocoaPod (#2151).
### Authentication
* Add support for custom FDL domain links (#2121).
### Dynamic Links
* Introduced a new `componentsWithLink:domainURIPrefix:` and deprecated the existing `componentsWithLink:domain:` (#1962, #2017, #2078, #2097, #2112).
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a garbage collection process to on-disk persistence that removes older documents. This is enabled by default, and the SDK will attempt to periodically clean up older, unused documents once the on-disk cache passes a threshold size (default: 100 MB). This threshold can be configured by setting `FIRFirestoreSettings.cacheSizeBytes`. It must be set to a minimum of 1 MB. The garbage collection process can be disabled entirely by setting `FIRFirestoreSettings.cacheSizeBytes` to `kFIRFirestoreCacheSizeUnlimited`.
## Version 5.13.0 - November 20, 2018
### Cloud Firestore
* Changed how the SDK handles locally updated documents while syncing those updates with Cloud Firestore servers. This can lead to slight behavior changes and may affect the `SnapshotMetadata.hasPendingWrites` metadata flag.
* Eliminated superfluous update events for locally cached documents that are known to lag behind the server version. Instead, the SDK buffers these events until the client has caught up with the server.
* Moved from Objective-C gRPC framework to gRPC C++. If you're manually tracking dependencies, the gRPC, gRPC-ProtoRPC, and gRPC-RxLibrary frameworks have been replaced with gRPC-C++. (#1968)
### Dynamic Links
* Delete deprecated source files. (#2038)
### ML Kit for Firebase
* Face contour detection will only return contours for the most prominent face.
* The face-tracking feature is disabled for contour-only detection in `.fast` mode.
* Resolved open issues with the FirebaseMLModelInterpreter SDK.
## Version 5.12.0 - November 6, 2018
* Fixed static analysis warning for improper nil comparison. (#2034)
* Assign the default app before posting notifications. (#2024)
* Remove unnecessary notification flag. (#1993)
* Wrap diagnostics notification in collection flag check. (#1979)
### Authentication
* Restore `SafariServices` framework dependency. (#2002)
### Performance Monitoring
* Resolved open issues in the Performance Monitoring SDK.
### Cloud Storage
* Storage operations can now be scheduled and controlled from any thread (#1302, #1388).
* Fixed an issue that prevented uploading of files with semicolons in the filename.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed compilation in C99 and C++11 modes without GNU extensions.
## Version 5.11.0 - October 24, 2018
### Analytics
* Added support for dynamic audience evaluation.
### Cloud Firestore
* Improvements to the SDK.
### Dynamic Links
* Updated the SDK to use c99-compatible `typeof()` operator. (#1982)
### InstanceID
* Fixed a crash caused by keychain operation when accessing default access group. (#1399, #1393)
### FCM
* Fixed an issue where messages failed to be delivered to the recipient's time zone. (#1946)
### Performance Monitoring
* You can now deep dive into samples of traces and network requests, or Sessions, in the Firebase console.
* The Performance Monitoring SDK now adds Remote Config as a dependency.
### Remote Config
* Internal updates to support Performance Monitoring.
## Version 5.10.0 - October 9, 2018
### Cloud Firestore
* Some SDK errors that represent common mistakes (such as permission denied or a missing index) will automatically be logged as a warning in addition to being surfaced via the API.
### FCM
* Now you can access the message ID of `FIRMessagingRemoteMessage` object. (#1861)
* Add a new boolean value `useFIRMessagingDelegateForDirectMessageDelivery` if you want all your direct channel data messages to be delivered in `FIRMessagingDelegate`. If you don't use the new flag, for iOS 10 and above, direct channel data messages are delivered in `FIRMessagingDelegate messaging:didReceiveMessage:;` for iOS 9 and below, direct channel data messages are delivered in Apple's `AppDelegate application:didReceiveRemoteNotification:fetchCompletionHandler:`. So, if you set the `useFIRMessagingDelegateForDirectMessageDelivery` to true, direct channel data messages are delivered in `FIRMessagingDelegate` across all iOS versions. (#1875)
* Fixed an issue where callback was not triggered with invalid topic names. (#1880)
### ML Kit for Firebase
* Added support for face contour detection.
* Added synchronous face detection API `resultsInImage:error:`.
* Breaking change: Renamed the asynchronous face detection API from `detectInImage:completion:` to `processImage:completion:`.
* Breaking change: Renamed some properties and enums in `VisionFaceDetectorOptions`.
* Breaking change: Removed the constant `VisionFaceDetectionMinSize` in `VisionFaceDetectorOptions`.
* Upgraded TensorFlowLite dependency from 0.1.7 to 1.10.1.
### Remote Config
* Fixed open bugs in the Remote Config SDK.
## Version 5.9.0 - September 25, 2018
### Analytics
* Fixed duplicate nanopb symbols. (#1832)
### Dynamic Links
* Dynamic Links is now open source and delivered as a source pod. (#1842)
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Released a new open source SDK called `FirebaseInAppMessagingDisplay` that separates UI functionality out of `FirebaseInAppMessaging`, enabling custom UI implementations.
* Respect fetch between wait time returned from API responses.
### InstanceID
* Fixed a crash caused by `NSUserDefaults` being called on background thread.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where the first `get()` call made after being offline could incorrectly return cached data without attempting to reach the backend.
* Changed `get()` to only make 1 attempt to reach the backend before returning cached data, potentially reducing delays while offline. Previously, it would make 2 attempts, to work around a backend bug.
* Fixed an issue that caused us to drop empty objects from calls to `setData(..., merge:true)`.
## Version 5.8.1 - September 19, 2018
* Resolved issue with Firebase/Core dependencies that caused a CocoaPods error. (#1845, #8110)
## Version 5.8.0 - September 12, 2018
* Resolved most of the Xcode Analyzer issues in Firebase sources.
### Analytics
* Resolved open issues with the Analytics SDK.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where the first `get()` call made after being offline could incorrectly return cached data without attempting to reach the backend.
* Changed `get()` to only make 1 attempt to reach the backend before returning cached data, potentially reducing delays while offline. Previously, it would make 2 attempts, to work around a backend bug.
## Version 5.7.0 - August 28, 2018
* Clarified wording in `FirebaseAnalytics not available` log message. (#1653)
### FCM
* Ensure `NSUserDefaults` is persisted properly before app close. (#1646)
* Internal code cleanup. (#1666)
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed potential `EXC_BAD_ACCESS` violation in the internal logic for processing finished downloads. (#1565, #1747)
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where changes to custom authentication claims did not take effect until you did a full sign-out and sign-in. (#1499)
* Improved how Firestore handles idle queries to reduce the cost of re-listening within 30 minutes.
### AdMob
* Native ads: `GADNativeAppInstallAd`, `GADNativeContentAd`, and associated APIs are deprecated in favor of `GADUnifiedNativeAd`. See the Native Ads Advanced Unified guide for further instructions on using the new APIs.
* Native Ads: Added the "Mute This Ad" feature.
* Native Ads: Fixed a bug where AdChoices view was removed when reusing ad views in collection views.
* Added the `requestConfiguration` property to `GADMobileAds`, which can be used to specify `maxAdContentRating` and `tagForUserOfConsent` parameters for all ad requests.
* Mediation: Added `maxAdContentRating` and `underAgeOfConsent` properties to `GADMediationAdRequest`.
Note: A change to the AdMob SDK build configuration resulted in a larger
framework file size. This change doesn't affect the SDK's impact on your app
size compared to previous versions.
## Version 5.6.0 - August 15, 2018
* The minimum supported Xcode version is now 9.2.
### Analytics
* Fixed memory leaks. (#1636)
### Crash Reporting
* Updates to the SDK documentation to reflect deprecation status.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where `get(source:.Cache`) could throw an "unrecognized selector" error if the SDK has previously cached the non-existence of the document. (#1632)
### Firebase In-App Messaging
* Firebase In-App Messaging is now available in the Firebase SDK for iOS. For more information, see the documentation.
### InstanceID
* Fixed an issue with checkin not caching properly on app start. (#1561)
### Performance Monitoring
* Reduced bandwidth consumption used by the SDK.
## Version 5.5.0 - August 2, 2018
* Added a global data collection flag to use when individual product flags are not set. (#1583)
* Renamed the `FirebaseNanoPB` framework to `MeasurementNanoPB`. If you use the framework SDK zip, make sure to remove the `FirebaseNanoPB` framework folder to prevent duplicate symbols.
### Analytics
* Added currency code validation for CURRENCY parameter and numeric value of pre-defined currency-related events.
* Resolved `NSUserDefaults` crashes caused by notifications to the system whenever the values were changed and UI updates initiated by the system in the background. (#1317 and #431)
### Authentication
* Adds `FIRAuthErrorCodeMalformedJWT`, which is raised on JWT token parsing failures during auth operations (#1436).
### Crash Reporting
* Added conformance to Firebase global data collection switch.
### Dynamic Links
* Resolved open issues with Dynamic Links.
### InstanceID
* Added support for global Firebase data collection flag. (#1219)
* Improved message tracking sent by server API.
* Fixed an issue with InstanceID not properly compiling in app extensions.
### FCM
* Added support for global Firebase data collection flag. (#1219)
* Fixed an issue where FCM wouldn't properly unswizzle swizzled delegate methods. (#1481)
* Resolved an issue with FCM not compiling inside app extensions. (#1503)
### Performance Monitoring
* Resolved SDK crashes.
* Added dependency on open-source version of the `GoogleUtilities/Swizzler` library.
* Added conformance to Firebase global data collection switch.
### Remote Config
* Fixed a memory leak bug. (#488)
### Cloud Firestore
* Added `FieldValue.arrayUnion()` and `FieldValue.arrayRemove()` to atomically add and remove elements from an array field in a document.
* Added `whereField(arrayContains:)` query filter to find documents where an array field contains a specific element.
* Fixed compilation with older Xcode versions (#1517).
* Fixed a performance issue where large write batches with hundreds of changes would take a long time to read and write and consume excessive memory. Large write batches should now see no penalty.
* Fixed a performance issue where adding a listener for a large collection (thousands of documents) would take a long time in offline mode (#1477).
* Fixed an issue that could cause deleted documents to momentarily re-appear in the results of a listener, causing a flicker. (#1591)
### ML Kit for Firebase
* This is a breaking change. Unified and enhanced on-device and cloud text recognition API.
* This is a breaking change. Enhanced cloud document scanning API.
## Version 5.4.1 - July 20, 2018
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where queries returned fewer results than they should, caused by documents that were cached as deleted when they should not have been. (#1548).
Note: As a result of this fix, some cache data will be cleared. Clients might
use extra bandwidth the first time they launch with this version of the SDK.
## Version 5.4.0 - June 29, 2018
### Authentication
* Resolved an issue with parsing JWT date timestamps correctly.
* Fixed an issue where anonymous accounts weren't correctly promoted to non-anonymous when linked with passwordless email auth accounts.
* Fixed a data race issue caught by the sanitizer.
### Cloud Firestore
* Internal improvements.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Add a constructor to set the region.
* Add a method to set a Cloud Functions emulator origin to use, for testing.
### FCM
* Client now properly suspends topic requests when a token is not available and resumes the topic operation when the token is generated.
* Corrected the deprecation warning when subscribing to or unsubscribing from an invalid topic.
* Removed unused heartbeat timestamp tracking.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed undefined behavior sanitizer issues.
## Version 5.3.0 - Jun 20, 2018
* Fixed a thread sanitizer error (#1390).
* Updated FirebaseCore.podspec so that it works with cocoapods-packager. (#1378).
### InstanceID
* Ensure the checkin and tokens are refreshed if the Firebase project changed.
* Resolved an issue that required checkin to be turned off when the FCM `autoInitEnabled` flag is off.
### Cloud Firestore
* `setData` methods taking `mergeFields:` arguments can now delete fields using `FieldValue.delete()`.
* Firestore will now recover from auth token expiration when the system clock is wrong.
* Fixed compilation with older Xcode versions (#1366).
### ML Kit for Firebase
* `isIdleRequired` in `ModelDownloadConditions` has been renamed to `canDownloadInBackground`. Its initializer has also been renamed accordingly.
* Direct initialization of certain detectors and model interpreter is no longer allowed. Related class methods should be used instead.
* Fixed memory leaks in continuous detection of face, text, barcode, or label.
* Fixed a crash that returned the following error: "Terminating app due to uncaught exception `NSGenericException`, reason: 'Completion handler blocks are not supported in background sessions. Use a delegate instead.'"
* Fixed `VisonBarcodeDetector` signal `SIGABRT` while scanning certain QR codes.
* Keeping a strong reference of `VisionTextDetector` during detection is no longer necessary.
### Performance Monitoring
* Resolved issue with crashing related to screen traces.
* Improved SDK startup time.
* Resolved `AVAssetDownloadTask` crashes.
## Version 5.2.0 - Jun 6, 2018
### Authentication
* Restore 4.x level of support for extensions.
### Instance ID
* Added a new API to fetch InstanceID and Token with a completion handler. The completion handler returns a FIRInstanceIDResult with an instanceID and token properties.
* Deprecated the token method.
* Added support to log a new customized label provided by developer.
### Cloud Firestore
* Internal improvements.
### FCM
* Added a warning message when subscribing to topics with incorrect name formats.
* Silenced a deprecation warning in FIRMessaging.
## Version 5.1.0 - May 29, 2018
### Analytics
* Added subscription parameter for autorenewable and non-renewing subscription In-app Purchases.
* Minor bug fixes.
### Realtime Database
* Minor bug fixes.
### Dynamic Links
* Fixed issue where opens were double counted when using unique match.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where FirestoreSettings would accept a concurrent dispatch queue, but this configuration would trigger an assertion failure. Passing a concurrent dispatch queue should now work correctly (#988).
### FCM
* Cleaned up some deprecation warnings.
## Version 5.0.1 - May 15, 2018
Firebase v5.0.1 contains bugfixes for the Firebase pod and ZIP file.
* Duplicate symbol issue when building with `-all_load`.
* Empty `modulemap` for SDKs in the ZIP file.
## Version 5.0.0 - May 8, 2018
Firebase v5.0.0 removes support for iOS 7 and building with Xcode 7. Please
use Xcode 8.0 or later and upgrade your app's minimum target to iOS 8 or
above, for example by adding `"platform :ios, '8.0'` to your `Podfile`. To see
the breakdown of worldwide iOS versions, go to Apple's App Store support page.
Changes related to CocoaPods:
* Ensure `Firebase/Core` is included in your Podfile.
* The minimum CocoaPods version required is now 1.4.0.
* The Authentication, Realtime Database, Core, Cloud Firestore, Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK, FCM, and Cloud Storage SDKs are now Source Pods. This means you can directly see the source code in your project and see the full call stack while debugging.
### Firebase Core
* Removed deprecated methods.
* Removed UIKit import from FIRApp.h.
### A/B Testing
* Firebase A/B Testing is now available for managing your experiments. For more information, see the documentation.
### Analytics
* Minor bug fixes.
### Authentication
* Added support for testing phone number authentication. For more information, see Test with whitelisted phone numbers.
* Added `FIRAuthDataResultCallback`, which returns an `AuthDataResult` object instead of a `User` object after sign-in. This replaces `FIRAuthResultCallback` for the following methods: `signInWithEmail:`, `signInwithCredential:`, `signInAnonymouslyWithCompletion:`, and `createUserWithEmail:`.
* The following methods have been deprecated: `signAndRetrieveDataWithEmail:`, `signInAndRetrieveDataWithCredential:`, and `signInAndRetrieveDataAnonymouslyWithCompletion:`
### Crash Reporting
* The Crash Reporting APIs are now deprecated. New projects should use the Crashlytics APIs.
### Realtime Database
* Minor bug fixes.
### Dynamic Links
* The shared instance of `FIRDynamicLinks` is no longer nullable.
* Removed deprecated `FIRDynamicLinkMatchConfidence` property. This is replaced by `FIRDLMatchType`.
### Instance ID
* Removed deprecated method `setAPNSToken:type` defined in FIRInstanceID, please use `setAPNSToken:type` defined in FIRMessaging instead.
* Removed deprecated enum `FIRInstanceIDAPNSTokenType` defined in FIRInstanceID, please use `FIRMessagingAPNSTokenType` defined in FIRMessaging instead.
* Resolved an issue that FCM scheduled messages were not tracked successfully.
### FCM
* Removed deprecated delegate property `remoteMessageDelegate`, use `delegate` instead.
* Removed deprecated method `messaging:didRefreshRegistrationToken:` defined in `FIRMessagingDelegate` protocol, use `messaging:didReceiveRegistrationToken:` instead.
* Removed deprecated method `applicationReceivedRemoteMessage:` defined in `FIRMessagingDelegate` protocol, use `messaging:didReceiveMessage:` instead.
* Resolved an issue that data messages were not tracked successfully.
### Performance Monitoring
* Performance Monitoring has exited beta and is now generally available.
* Added automatic screen traces to report on screen rendering performance.
* Added APIs for setting, incrementing, and getting metrics.
* Deprecated the API to increment and decrement counters, use the new metrics API instead.
### Remote Config
* Changed the designated initializer for `FIRRemoteConfigSettings` to return a nonnull `FIRRemoteConfigSettings` object.
### Cloud Storage
* Removed `downloadURLs` property on StorageMetadata. Use `StorageReference.downloadURL(completion:)` to obtain a current download URL.
* The maxOperationRetryTime timeout now applies to calls to StorageReference.getMetadata(completion:) and StorageReference.updateMetadata(completion:). These calls previously used the maxDownloadRetryTime and maxUploadRetryTime timeouts.
### Cloud Firestore
* Replaced the `DocumentListenOptions` object with a simple boolean. Instead of calling `addSnapshotListener(options: DocumentListenOptions.includeMetadataChanges(true))`, call `addSnapshotListener(includeMetadataChanges:true)`.
* Replaced the `QueryListenOptions` object with simple booleans. Instead of calling `addSnapshotListener(options: QueryListenOptions.includeQueryMetadataChanges(true) .includeDocumentMetadataChanges(true))`, call `addSnapshotListener(includeMetadataChanges:true)`.
* `QuerySnapshot.documentChanges()` is now a method which optionally takes `includeMetadataChanges:true`. By default, even when listening to a query with `includeMetadataChanges:true`, metadata-only document changes are suppressed in `documentChanges()`.
* Replaced the `SetOptions` object with a simple boolean. Instead of calling `setData(["a": "b"], options: SetOptions.merge())`, call `setData(["a": "b"], merge: true)`.
* Replaced the `SnapshotOptions` object with direct use of the `FIRServerTimestampBehavior` on `DocumentSnapshot`. Instead of calling `data(SnapshotOptions.serverTimestampBehavior(.estimate))`, call `data(serverTimestampBehavior: .estimate)`.
* Added ability to control whether `DocumentReference.getDocument()` and `Query.getDocuments()` should fetch from server only, cache only, or attempt server and fall back to the cache (which was the only option previously, and is now the default.)
* Added new `mergeFields:(NSArray<id>*)` override for `set()` which allows merging of a reduced subset of fields.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Removed FIR prefix on `FIRFunctionsErrorCode` in Swift.
### ML Kit for Firebase
* ML Kit for Firebase is now available as a public beta. To learn more, read ML Kit for Firebase.
### Known Issues
* The -all_load option linker option does not work with Firebase 5.0.0.
* There is an issue preventing the use of bitcode in some of the new ML Kit for Firebase subspecs.
## Version 4.13.0 - April 13, 2018
### Authentication
* Resolved a crash which occurred when certain Firebase IDTokens were being parsed.
### Analytics
* Added a new public method `resetAnalyticsData` to clear all Analytics data as well as reset App Instance ID.
* Improved In-App Purchase report: Analytics can report accurate discounted price for introductory offer purchases.
* Other bug fixes.
## Version 4.12.0 - April 10, 2018
### Authentication
* Adds `getIDTokenResultWithCompletion:` and `getIDTokenResultForcingRefresh:completion:` APIs which call back with an AuthTokenResult object. The Auth token result object contains the ID token JWT string and other properties associated with the token including the decoded available payload claims.
* Adds the `updateCurrentUser:completion:` API which sets the currentUser on the calling Auth instance to the provided user object.
* Adds client-side validation to prevent setting `handleCodeInApp` to false when performing email-link authentication. If `handleCodeInApp` is set to false an invalid argument exception is thrown.
* Adds support for passing the deep link (which is embedded in the sign-in link sent via email) to the `signInWithEmail:link:completion:` and `isSignInWithEmailLink:` methods during an email/link sign-in flow.
### FCM
* Added new methods that provide completion handlers for topic subscription and unsubscription.
### Performance Monitoring
* Resolved a crash caused by a multithreading issue.
### Remote Config
* Improved documentation on InstanceIDs for GDPR.
### Cloud Storage
* Deprecated `downloadURLs` property on `StorageMetadata`. Use `StorageReference.downloadURLWithCompletion()` to obtain a current download URL.
### Cloud Firestore
* Resolved a regression in the Firebase iOS SDK release 4.11.0 that could cause `getDocument()` requests made while offline to be delayed by up to 10 seconds rather than returning from cache immediately.
* Added a new Timestamp class to represent timestamp fields, currently supporting up to microsecond precision. It can be passed to API methods anywhere a system Date is currently accepted. To make DocumentSnapshots read timestamp fields back as Timestamps instead of Dates, you can set the newly added property `areTimestampsInSnapshotsEnabled` in FirestoreSettings to `true`. Note that the current behavior (DocumentSnapshots returning system Dates) will be removed in a future release. Using Timestamps avoids rounding errors from the system Date being stored as a floating-point value.
## Version 4.11.0 - March 20, 2018
### Authentication
* Adds new API to determine the sign-in methods associated with an email address.
* Adds new API to allow authentication using only an email link (Passwordless Authentication with email link).
### Instance ID
* Improved documentation on InstanceID usage for GDPR.
* Improved the keypair handling during GCM to FCM migration. If you are migrating from GCM to FCM, we encourage you to update to this version and above.
### Cloud Firestore
* If the SDK's attempt to connect to the Cloud Firestore backend neither succeeds nor fails within 10 seconds, the SDK will consider itself "offline", causing getDocument() calls to resolve with cached results, rather than continuing to wait.
* Fixed a race condition after calling `enableNetwork()` that could result in a "Mutation batchIDs must be acknowledged in order" assertion crash.
* Fixed undefined symbols in the absl namespace.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* This release contains the new Firebase Functions Client SDK, with support for HTTPS Callable Functions. See Call Functions from Your App.
## Version 4.10.1 - March 9, 2018
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression in the 4.10.0 Firebase iOS SDK release that prevented the SDK from communicating with the backend until successfully authenticating via Firebase Authentication or after unauthenticating and re-authenticating. All reads and writes were silently executed only locally rather than being sent as unauthenticated requests.
## Version 4.10.0 - March 6, 2018
### FirebaseCore
* This release includes updates to several services that address issues with `CLANG_WARN_OBJC_IMPLICIT_RETAIN_SELF` warnings that surface in newer versions of Xcode and CocoaPods.
### Analytics
* Increased user ID max length to 256 characters.
* Added event names `level_start` and `level_end`.
* Added parameter names `level_name` and `success`.
* Added Audience support for nested event parameters.
* Added lifetime user engagement user property.
* Resolved deadlock in Screen View Reporter.
### Authentication
* Addressed `CLANG_WARN_OBJC_IMPLICIT_RETAIN_SELF` warnings that surface in newer versions of Xcode and CocoaPods.
* Improved `FIRUser` documentation with clear message explaining when Authentication attempts to validate users and what happens when an invalidated user is detected.
### Realtime Database
* Resolved issue with loss of precision for 64 bit numbers on older 32 bit iOS devices with persistence enabled.
* Addressed `CLANG_WARN_OBJC_IMPLICIT_RETAIN_SELF` warnings that surface in newer versions of Xcode and CocoaPods.
### FCM
* Improved documentation on the usage of the `autoInitEnabled` property.
### Performance Monitoring
* Fixed a crash related to redirection requests with `AFNetworking`.
### Cloud Storage
* Addressed `CLANG_WARN_OBJC_IMPLICIT_RETAIN_SELF` warnings that surface in newer versions of Xcode and CocoaPods.
### Cloud Firestore
* When you delete a `FirebaseApp`, the associated Firestore instances are now also deleted.
* Fixed race conditions in streams that could be exposed by rapidly toggling the network from enabled to disabled and back or encountering a failure from the server.
* Addressed `CLANG_WARN_OBJC_IMPLICIT_RETAIN_SELF` warnings that surface in newer versions of Xcode and CocoaPods.
## Version 4.9.0 - February 14, 2018
### Authentication
* Added an explicit dependency on `CoreGraphics` from Firebase Auth.
### Instance ID
* Improved support for language targeting for FCM service. Server updates happen more efficiently when language changes.
* Improved support for FCM token auto generation enable/disable functions.
### FCM
* Added a new property `autoInitEnabled` to enable and disable FCM token auto generation.
* Resolved an issue where notification delivery would fail after changing language settings.
### Remote Config
* Improved support for language targeting. Simplied Chinese (zh_hans) and Traditional Chinese (Taiwan) (zh_TW) language targeting should be more accurate.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression in Firebase iOS release 4.8.1 that could in certain cases result in an "OnlineState should not affect limbo documents." assertion crash when the client loses its network connection.
* It's now possible to pass a nil completion block to `WriteBatch.commit`.
## Version 4.8.2 - January 27, 2018
### Analytics
* Fixed an issue with data collection. We have also removed version 4.8.1 to prevent usage of the SDK with the issue.
## Version 4.8.1 - January 18, 2018
### Analytics
* Improved the In-App Purchase report. Analytics can now detect subscription restoration or repurchase and non-consumables and can report auto-renewable and non-renewing subscriptions.
### Authentication
* Resolved a bug where the `FIRAuthResult` object returned following a phone number authentication always contained a nil `FIRAdditionalUserInfo` object. Now, the `FIRAdditionalUserInfo` object is never nil and its `newUser` field is populated correctly.
### Realtime Database
* Now community-supported on tvOS.
### Dynamic Links
* Resolved an error where fingerprint match fails for some locales.
### Performance Monitoring
* Fixed several minor bugs.
### Remote Config
* Resolved an issue where throttle rate drops during developer mode.
* Replaced `FIR_SWIFT_NAME` with `NS_SWIFT_NAME`.
### Cloud Storage
* Now community-supported on tvOS.
### Cloud Firestore
* Removed the `includeMetadataChanges` property in `FIRDocumentListenOptions` to avoid confusion with the factory method of the same name.
* Added a commit method that takes no completion handler to `FIRWriteBatch`.
* Queries can now be created from an `NSPredicate`.
* Added `SnapshotOptions` API to control how `DocumentSnapshots` return unresolved server timestamps.
* Added `disableNetwork()` and `enableNetwork()` methods to `Firestore` class, allowing for explicit network management.
* For non-existing documents, `DocumentSnapshot.data()` now returns nil instead of throwing an exception. A non-nullable `QueryDocumentSnapshot` is introduced for `Queries` to reduce the number of nil-checks in your code.
* Snapshot listeners (with the `includeMetadataChanges` option enabled) now receive an event with `snapshot.metadata.isFromCache` set to `true` if the SDK loses its connection to the backend. A new event with `snapshot.metadata.isFromCache` set to `false` will be raised once the connection is restored and the query is in sync with the backend again.
* Multiple offline mutations now properly reflected in retrieved documents. Previously, only the last mutation would be visible.
* Fixed a crash in `closeWithFinaleState:` that could be triggered by signing out when the app didn't have a network connection.
## Version 4.8.0 - December 18, 2017
### Realtime Database
* Internal cleanup in the firebase-ios-sdk repository. Functionality of the Realtime Database SDK is not affected.
### Dynamic Links
* Resolved race condition that could occur while processing server response(s).
### Instance ID
* Resolved a crash caused by a reflection call during logging.
* Updated server with the latest parameters and deprecated old ones.
### Performance Monitoring
* Added API for tagging traces with custom attributes. For more information, see Monitor Custom Attributes.
* Added API for manually recording network traces. For more information, see the section Add monitoring for specific network requests in the iOS getting started guide.
* Resolved some open issues with Performance Monitoring.
### Cloud Firestore
* Firestore no longer has a direct dependency on FirebaseAuth.
* Fixed a crash when using path names with international characters with persistence enabled.
* Addressed race condition during the teardown of idle streams.
### Cloud Storage
* Internal cleanup in the firebase-ios-sdk repository. Functionality of the Cloud Storage SDK is not affected.
## Version 4.7.0 - November 30, 2017
* Replaced the `FIR_SWIFT_NAME` macro with `NS_SWIFT_NAME`.
### Authentication
* Added new APIs that return an `AuthDataResult` object after successfully creating a user with an email and password, signing in anonymously, signing in with email/password credentials, and signing in with custom tokens. The `AuthDataResult` object contains the new user and additional information pertaining to the new user.
### Realtime Database
* Addressed a race condition that occurred during initialization of empty snapshots.
### Dynamic Links
* Added new confidence type property. See `FIRDLMatchType` (values: Unique, Default, Weak).
* Updated the self-diagnostic output.
### Instance ID
* Improved identity reset process, ensuring all information is reset during Identity deletion.
### Cloud Firestore
* Improved performance when loading documents that match a query.
* Updated SDK to cleanly shut down idle write streams.
### Performance Monitoring
* Network requests made using `NSURLConnection` are now instrumented.
* Resolved some open issues with Performance Monitoring.
* Added `FirebaseSwizzlingUtilities` for optional method swizzling.
## Cloud Storage
* Added `md5Hash` to `FIRStorageMetadata`.
## Version 4.6.0 - November 14, 2017
* Added `-FIRLoggerForceSTDERR` launch argument flag to force STDERR output for all Firebase logging.
### Analytics
* Resolved open issues with Google Analytics for Firebase, including a screen-tracking issue that loaded views of unloaded controllers and an issue with calling `[UIApplication sharedApplication]` from a background queue.
### Authentication
* Improved error handling in both the phone-number linking and reCAPTCHA flows for phone-number sign-in.
* Resolved issue with users remaining anonymous even after being linked to a phone number.
### Dynamic Links
* The FDL Builder API now includes a fallback link for users on other platforms.
* Resolved open issues and improved stability in the Dynamic Links SDK.
### Instance ID
* Made token refresh weekly.
* Resolved crash that occurred during token operation.
### Invites
* Updated API to properly handle links to an app that is already installed.
* Resolved crashes that occurred when a selected Invite recipient had an empty name.
### Cloud Firestore
* Firestore now retries requests more often before considering a client offline.
* You can now use `FieldValue.delete()` with `SetOptions.merge()`.
## Version 4.5.0 - October 30, 2017
* iOS 7 support in the Firebase iOS, C++, and Unity SDKs is now deprecated and will be dropped in a future release. Upgrade your apps to target iOS 8 or above. To see the breakdown of worldwide iOS versions, go to Apple’s App Store support page.
### A/B Testing
* A/B Testing offers the ability to run experiments from the Firebase console using Remote Config. Learn more about creating experiments with A/B Testing for Remote Config and FCM.
### Authentication
* Resolved open issues with Authentication.
### Cloud Firestore
* Improved validation of nested arrays to allow indirect nesting.
## Version 4.4.0 - October 17, 2017
* Fixed new warnings that appeared in Xcode 9.
### Authentication
* Account creation and last sign-in dates are now provided as user metadata.
* Invalid users are now automatically signed out earlier.
* Resolved an issue with ID token listeners not firing in some cases.
* More descriptive errors for some phone number sign-in error cases.
### Realtime Database
* Resolved warnings for callback types with missing argument specifications in XCode 9.
### Cloud Firestore
* Changed the names for `FIRSnapshotMetadata` and `FIRListenerRegistration` to better reflect Swift naming guidelines for the Swift SDK.
* Fixed retain cycle in `FIRDocumentReference getDocumentWithCompletion:`.
### FCM
* Improved logging of notification opens, by swizzling additional `UNUserNotificationCenterDelegate` method.
* Improved the handling of unimplemented `UNUserNotificationCenterDelegate methods`, when swizzling is enabled.
### Instance ID
* Improved support for working in shared Keychain environments.
## Version 4.3.0 - October 3, 2017
* The initial public beta release of the Cloud Firestore SDK for iOS is now available. To learn more, see the Cloud Firestore documentation.
### Analytics
* Resolved open issues with Analytics.
### Authentication
* Resolved a threading issue in phone number auth.
### Cloud Firestore
* The initial public beta release of the Cloud Firestore SDK for iOS is now available. To learn more, see the Cloud Firestore documentation or go directly to the Quickstart.
### FCM
* Resolved issues with FCM token associations to APNs device tokens.
* The FCM direct channel is now properly established on the first start 24 hours after being opened.
### Performance Monitoring
* Added infrastructure to more easily diagnose issues.
### Realtime Database
* Added multi-resource support.
## Version 4.2.0 - September 20, 2017
* Resolved duplicate logging issue in the Xcode console.
### AdMob
* Resolved issue with banner ads loading beyond the viewable area on iOS 11.
### Authentication
* Provided reCAPTCHA as an alternative verification method for phone number auth.
### Crash Reporting
* Optimized power consumption.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed a regression in v4.0.2 that affected the storage location of the offline cache. This caused v4.0.2 to not see data written with previous versions.
* Fixed a crash in `FIRApp deleteApp` for apps that did not have active database instances.
### Instance ID
* Resolved a race condition where a token was not being generated on first start when FCM was included and the app didn’t register for remote notifications.
### FCM
* Additional error code logging for errors thrown when creating or opening an internal database file.
### Performance Monitoring
* Resolved symbol collisions with GoogleMobileVision.
* Resolved crash when also using Crittercism.
* Now enforcing safety limits on the number of events dispatched over a period of time.
### Remote Config
* Resolved an issue with config values not updating correctly when targeted by a user property condition.
### Cloud Storage
* Clear custom `FIRStorageMetadata` by setting individual properties to 'nil'.
## Version 4.1.1 - August 30, 2017
### AdMob
* Mediation adapters now get notified via `mediatedNativeAd:didUntrackView:` when a native ad is deallocated.
### Authentication
* Improved comments on some methods in the header files.
### Realtime Database
* If you try to retrieve a Realtime Database instance for a specific `FirebaseApp` on an app that was deleted, Realtime Database no longer returns a stale instance.
* For unindexed queries, the error message now references bandwidth usage.
### Instance ID
* Removed a call that blocked the main thread during app startup.
### Cloud Messaging
* Removed logic that saved the SDK version to `NSUserDefaults`.
### Performance Monitoring
* Resolved open issues with Performance Monitoring.
* Increased character name limits for traces and counters from 32 to 100. Traces and counters that exceed the name limit are not created.
## Version 4.1.0 - August 14, 2017
* Incorrectly configured bundle IDs now result in error messages instead of info messages.
### Analytics
* Improved startup time.
* Resolved an issue with campaign reporting that occurred when apps were opened through deep links on cold starts.
### Authentication
* Apps can now handle deep links natively and set language codes, for example, for password reset emails.
* Users’ phone numbers now persist properly on clients.
* Recovery emails are now reported as the correct action code type.
* Improved app startup time by moving initialization off of the main thread.
* Improved error for missing emails during new user creation.
* Improved logging levels for Firebase Authentication to provide consistency across Firebase iOS products.
### Crash Reporting
* Resolved open issues with Firebase Crash Reporting.
### Realtime Database
* Realtime Database now purges the local cache if it can’t be loaded.
* Removed implicit number-type conversion for some integers that were represented as doubles after round-tripping through the server.
* Realtime Database no longer crashes when messages are sent to closed WebSocket connections.
### Dynamic Links
* Added basic self-diagnostic method to identify issues in Firebase Dynamic Links configurations: `FIRDynamicLinks performDiagnosticsWithCompletion`.
* Improved `FIRDynamicLinkShortenerCompletion` warnings in the iOS Builder API.
### Instance ID
* Token and app identifier are now accessible when the device is locked.
* InstanceID no longer crashes if the bundle identifier is nil.
* Fixed a small memory leak that occurred when fetching a new token.
* Improved and simplified both the token storage system and the queuing system for token fetches and deletes.
### Cloud Messaging
* Fixed an issue where setting `shouldEstablishDirectChannel` in a background thread was triggering a Main Thread Sanitizer warning in Xcode 9.
* Included additional error logging for method swizzling.
### Remote Config
* Resolved crashes caused when an app’s main bundle ID is missing and added an error notification to alert developers of the issue.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed crash in `FIRStorageDownloadTask` that occurred whenever callbacks that are no longer active are invoked.
* Added `size` to the NSDictionary representation of `FIRStorageMetadata`.
## Version 4.0.4 - July 12, 2017
* Optimized nanoPB dependency.
## Version 4.0.3 - June 29, 2017
* Resolved warnings in Xcode 9.
### AdMob
* For interstitial ad units served on platforms that opt-out of video ads, the interstitial ads now have an immediate close option, even if an MRAID creative calls the `useCustomClose()` method.
* Added text on the debug menu to indicate whether the creative preview or troubleshooting modes are active.
### Analytics
* Fixed issues with automatic screen reporting.
### Remote Config
* A warning now appears if the `plist` file you set default values from can’t be found.
## Version 4.0.2 - June 08, 2017
* Fixed issues with Analytics and Performance Monitoring.
## Version 4.0.1 - June 06, 2017
* Improved diagnostic messages for the Swift SDK.
### Performance Monitoring
* Removed dependency on farmhash to prevent symbol collisions.
* If an exception is thrown when you create a Trace, the Trace’s name will now be printed.
## Version 4.0.0 - May 17, 2017
Breaking changes in Swift: Constants, protocols, classes, enums, and type
definitions have been renamed in the Swift SDK across all Firebase products.
To learn more, see the migration guide.
* `FIROptions` now has a simpler constructor and mutable properties.
### AdMob
* Removed the in-app purchase ad format.
* Removed support for the ARMv7s architecture.
### Analytics
* Fixed an issue where `user_engagement` and `session_start` events were logged when apps were launched in the background. This addresses the related issues with inflated user engagement and session metrics.
### Authentication
* Added Phone Number Authentication. To learn more, see Authenticate with Firebase on iOS using a Phone Number.
* Added methods that return additional user data from identity providers if available when authenticating users.
* Improved session management by automatically refreshing tokens when possible and signing out users if the session is invalid, for example, after the user changes their password or deletes their account from another device.
* Fixed an issue where reauthentication created new user accounts if the user credential is valid but does not match the currently signed-in user.
* Switched the `ERROR_EMAIL_ALREADY_IN_USE` notification to `ERROR_ACCOUNT_EXISTS_WITH_DIFFERENT_CREDENTIAL` when the email account used in the `signInWithCredential()` method call is already in use by another account.
* The `FIREmailPasswordAuthProvider()` method is now deprecated in favor of the `FIREmailAuthProvider()` method.
* The `getTokenWithCompletion()` method is now deprecated in favor of the `getIDTokenWithCompletion()` method.
### Crash Reporting
* Added the ability to disable the Crash Reporting SDK by setting the `crashCollectionEnabled` setting to `NO` in your app's `Info.plist` file.
### Realtime Database
* Now using the external CocoaPod LevelDB library as a dependency.
### Dynamic Links
* Improved pending link retrieval process, especially when custom URL schemes are not set up correctly.
### Cloud Messaging
* Introduced an improved interface for Swift 3 developers.
* Added new properties and methods to simplify FCM token management.
* Added the `APNSToken` property to simplify APNs token management.
* Added new delegate method to be notified of FCM token refreshes.
* Added new `shouldEstablishDirectChannel` property to simplify connecting directly to FCM.
### Performance Monitoring
* The initial public beta release of the Firebase Performance Monitoring SDK for iOS is now available. To get started with this SDK, see Get Started with Firebase Performance Monitoring for iOS.
### Remote Config
* The error message that was generated when getting the InstanceID has been replaced by a debug message.
## Version 3.17.0 - April 25, 2017
### Analytics
* Traffic sourced from Apple Search Ads is now properly attributed.
### App Indexing
* `FIRAppIndexing` has been removed. To index public content in your iOS app for Google Search, follow the steps in the Firebase App Indexing documentation for iOS.
### Invites
* Removed `setDescription` method from `FIRInviteBuilder`.
### Dynamic Links
* Developers can now create long and short Dynamic Links programmatically with the iOS Builder API.
## Version 3.16.0 - April 12, 2017
* Warnings in Xcode 8.3 no longer appearing (see Analytics).
### AdMob
* Correct ad size is now forwarded to mediation networks for smart banner mediation.
### Analytics
* Compiler warnings about NanoPb in Xcode 8.3 are no longer appearing.
### Instance ID
* Improved token-fetching logic.
* Improved warnings, error messages, and console logging, including initialization error message.
### Invites
* Improved console logging.
### Dynamic Links
* Improved Xcode warnings.
* Added description for `FIRDynamicLink` object.
### Cloud Messaging
* Custom `UNNotificationCenterDelegates` are swizzled properly when swizzling is enabled.
* Resolved issue in iOS 8.0 and 8.1 with scheduled notifications.
* Improved console logging.
## Version 3.15.0 - March 16, 2017
* Removed dependency on C++ libraries for app builds.
### AdMob
* New `openInlineBrowser` method in `google_mobile_app_ads.js` opens URLs in `SFSafariViewController`.
* New `GADAudioVideoManagerDelegate` provides notifications on start and pause/stop in audio and video ad playback.
### Invites
* Fixed a bundling issue that caused validation errors during submission to the App Store.
### Dynamic Links
* Resolved issue causing crashes on app launch after installation for subset of users.
## Version 3.14.0 - February 23, 2017
### AdMob
* Added `play`, `pause` and `setMute` methods to `GADVideoController` to control video playback.
* Added new delegate methods to `GADVideoControllerDelegate` to start, pause, end, mute and unmute video content.
* Added support for rewarded video mediation adapters to opt into early initialization before an ad request is made.
### Remote Config
* Remote Config gets config results from the default `FIRApp` configuration when multiple projects are configured.
* Existing users no longer receive empty config results.
## February 15, 2017
* Added the `mutable_content` field to FCM API. When set to `true`, a notification message can be updated on an iOS 10+ client before it is presented to the user using the Notification Service app extension. The `mutable_content`field in the FCM API corresponds to the `mutable-content` APNs field.
## Version 3.13.0 - February 14, 2017
* Added the `setLoggerLevel` method to the `FIRConfiguration` class so you can specify the verbosity of Firebase messages logged to the Xcode console.
### Analytics
* Added the ability to log events used to supply referral details of a re-engagement campaign to the `FIREventNames` header and related parameters to the `FIRParameterNames` header.
* Added the ability to get app instance IDs using the `+appInstanceID` method in the `FIRAnalytics` class.
### Authentication
* Replaced `InternalError` with more descriptive error codes in `FIRAuth` class: `InvalidMessagePayload`, `InvalidSender`, and `InvalidRecipientEmail`.
### Realtime Database
* Added logging when an `observeEvent` call is rejected due to security rules.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed a crash that occurred when user-provided callbacks had a value of `nil`.
* Improved upload performance on devices with intermittent connectivity.
### Dynamic Links
* Long Dynamic Links can now track Google Analytics campaign ("UTM") parameters for Google Analytics for Firebase events, including `dynamic_link_first_open` and `dynamic_link_app_open`.
## Version 3.12.0 - January 31, 2017
### AdMob
* Added the `nativeAdDidRecordImpression` and `nativeAdDidRecordClick` methods to `GADNativeAdDelegate`.
### Crash Reporting
* Improvements to the automation of symbol file uploads.
* Adjusted the verbosity of messages logged to the console.
### Dynamic Links
* Improved the reliability of Dynamic Links when opened on iOS 9 and iOS 10 in Facebook, Facebook Messenger, Twitter, Instagram, and Gmail.
## SDK Version 3.11.1 - January 17, 2017
* Reduced the verbosity of events logged by Firebase when using the Xcode debugger.
### Remote Config
* When `activateFetched` is called when an app starts, it no longer removes cached fetch results.
* If an app makes multiple fetch requests without calling `activateFetched` between requests, fetch requests will now cache recent updates from the Remote Config service.
## SDK Version 3.11.0 - December 13, 2016
* Adds the ability to initialize `FIRNetwork` objects with either a default or custom reachability host.
* Adds names to background tasks, so they can be more easily debugged in console logs.
* Properly terminates background logging tasks when the network is slow or unavailable.
### AdMob
* Added a video controller to `DFPBannerView` objects.
* The `GADNativeExpressAdView`, `GADNativeContentAd`, `GADNativeAppInstallAd` and `GADNativeCustomTemplateAd` video-controller properties are now `nonnull`.
### Authentication
* Adds four new methods that you can use to handle action codes that were delivered to users by email, such as verifying an email address or resetting a password: `applyActionCode`, `checkActionCode`, `confirmPasswordReset`, and `verifyPasswordResetCode`.
* With this update, the Firebase SDK no longer applies the keychain workaround introduced in v3.0.5 for the iOS 10.2 simulator. This workaround is not needed because the underlying issue in the simulator has been fixed.
* Fixes nullability compilation warnings that were raised when using Swift.
* Improves reporting for errors caused by a missing password.
## SDK Version 3.10.0 - November 21, 2016
### AdMob
* In preparation for App Transport Security changes in 2017, apps should use this version of the SDK when building apps for iOS 10, and include both the `NSAllowsArbitraryLoadsInWebContent` and `NSAllowsArbitraryLoads` exceptions.
* Added the `GADMediaView` property to the `GADNativeContentAd` and `GADNativeCustomTemplateAd` classes.
### Analytics
* Increased the maximum length of event names and parameter names to 40 characters, and the maximum length of string parameter values to 100 characters.
### Crash Reporting
* Improved the automatic upload of symbol files.
### Dynamic Links
* Removed a dependency on the Core Motion framework.
### Invites
* Removed a dependency on the Core Motion framework.
### Cloud Storage
* Snapshot data is now always returned from the requested snapshot, instead of the most recent snapshot.
* Improvements to the ability to pause downloads.
### Realtime Database
* Unified the logging format.
## SDK Version 3.9.0 - November 3, 2016
### AdMob
* Changes to the `kGADAdSizeFluid` constant that determines the width of a banner ad no longer change the frame size of a banner ad.
## SDK Version 3.8.0 - October 24, 2016
* The Firebase SDK for iOS API Reference now includes Swift 3.0 syntax, along with Objective-C syntax.
### Analytics
* Added screen tracking support. Each app's current `UIViewController` is automatically tracked. The current screen is tracked with the `firebase_screen_class` parameter with every logged event, which provides valuable context. In addition to automatic screen tracking, you can manually track screens using the FIRAnalytics#setScreenName:screenClass method. This adds the `firebase_screen` parameter to every event logged while those screens are visible to app users.
### Realtime Database
* Reintroduced the `persistenceCacheSizeBytes` setting (previously available in the 2.x SDK) to control the disk size of the Firebase offline cache.
* Use of the `updateChildValues()` method now only cancels transactions that are directly included in the updated paths (not transactions in adjacent paths). For example, an update at `/move` for a child node `walk` will cancel transactions at `/`, `/move`, and `/move/walk` and in any child nodes under `/move/walk`. But, it will no longer cancel transactions at sibling nodes, such as `/move/run`.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed an issue that was preventing the upload of files with filenames that contain the plus (`+`) character.
* Fixed an issue that was causing timeouts for file uploads and downloads to behave incorrectly.
### Crash Reporting
* Added support for Swift 2 and Swift 3.
* Analytics events are now sent to the Crash Reporting service as part of error reports.
### Dynamic Links
* Fixed a minor issue with IPv6.
### Invites
* Fixed a minor issue with IPv6.
### AdMob
* Added a dependency on the `JavaScriptCore` framework.
## SDK Version 3.7.1 - October 6, 2016
### Analytics
* Fixed an issue that causes a crash for some apps that call `FirebaseAnalytics`. Stack traces show that the crash occurs in `-[FIRAAlarm cancel]`.
## SDK Version 3.7.0 - October 3, 2016
### Analytics
* Analytics no longer includes the AdSupport framework. To include this framework in your app, you must add it. Note that user properties such as Age, Gender and Interests require this framework.
### App Indexing
* App Indexing has been deprecated in light of recent changes to the app review guidelines for iOS. To index your app for Google search, implement Universal Links.
### AdMob
* Added the `GADNativeAdViewAdOptions` method to `GoogleMobileAds` to specify the location of AdChoices in native ads.
* Fixed a bug that causes a crash for some apps that call `GoogleMobileAds`. Stack traces show that the crash occurs in `GADStringFromCGFloat`.
## SDK Version 3.6.0 - September 14, 2016
### Analytics
* Existing users who update to Analytics-enabled versions of an app are no longer included in `first_open` metrics. This correction could cause a drop in `first_open` metrics.
* Conversion events are now uploaded within seconds of being logged.
* Removed the feature that attributed Ads app conversions using the `SFSafariViewController` class.
### Cloud Messaging
* Added a new API method, `-applicationReceivedRemoteMessage:` to allow apps to receive data messages from FCM on devices running iOS 10 and greater.
### Authentication
* Improved the behavior of Firebase Authentication when testing apps using the iOS 10 simulator.
* Fixed an issue with error reporting when a user provides an invalid email address while signing in with an email address and password.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue that caused transactions to fail when executed before the SDK connects to the Firebase Realtime Database service.
* Fixed a race condition where performing a transaction or adding an event observer immediately after connecting to the Firebase Realtime Database service could cause completion blocks for other operations to not be executed.
* Fixed an issue affecting apps that use offline disk persistence where large integer values could lose precision after an app restart.
### Remote Config
* Fixed issues that caused a crash when an app attempts multiple concurrent fetch requests.
### Dynamic Links
* Analytics events are now automatically logged when users open your app, open your app from a Dynamic Link, and open your app for the first time from a Dynamic Link.
* Dynamic Links no longer use the `SFSafariViewController` class.
* Dynamic Links no longer has a dependency on the Core Location framework.
### AdMob
* AdMob no longer has a dependency on the Core Bluetooth, EventKit, and EventKitUI frameworks. Apps no longer need to provide `NSBluetoothPeripheralUsageDescription` and `NSCalendarsUsageDescription` keys in their `Info.plist` file.
* Removed Mobile Rich-media Ad Interface Definitions (MRAID) 2.0 support for calendars and storing pictures.
## SDK Version 3.5.2 - August 26, 2016
### AdMob
* Initial improvements toward fixing a bug that causes a crash for some apps that call `GoogleMobileAds`. Stack traces show that the crash occurs in `GADStringFromCGFloat`.
## SDK Version 3.5.1 - August 23, 2016
### Analytics
* Added support for Analytics on iOS 10.
* Added support for attributing AdWords app conversions from search and display web clicks on iOS 10.
* Added a feature to validate the authenticity of in-app purchase events before they are reported by Google Analytics.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed issues with iOS 7 compatibility.
* Fixed an issue that prevented `observeStatus:FIRStorageUploadTask` from correctly reporting progress when uploading a file.
### App Indexing
* Added support for App Indexing on iOS 10. App Indexing still requires iOS 9 or higher.
### Dynamic Links
* Added support for Dynamic Links on iOS 10.
### AdMob
* When associating native ads with a view, the view’s `userInteractionEnabled` property is changed to `NO` to match the value expected by the SDK.
* The Google Mobile Ads SDK now has a dependency on MobileCoreServices.
* Added the `-[GADMobileAds isSDKVersionAtLeastMajor:minor:patch:]` API method to allow ad networks to determine if a device is running at least a specified minimum version (`major.minor.patch`) of the Google Mobile Ads SDK.
## SDK Version 3.4.0 - August 1, 2016
### Authentication
* Fixed a bug that causes a race condition that could crash an app running on iOS 9 with an exception from `NSURLSession`.
### Cloud Messaging
Note: The Notifications composer uses the Cloud Messaging SDK.
* `plist` files used by `FIRMessaging` are now stored in an `ApplicationSupport` directory.
### Remote Config
* Fixed an issue where some attempts to fetch parameter values can cause a crash due to a JSON serialization failure.
* Added the `allKeysWithPrefix:` API method to allow developers to find parameter keys based on a key prefix.
### Crash Reporting
* Fixed an error that occurred when building an app that uses a JSON file.
* Minidumps are now compressed separately to avoid automatically unzipping during processing.
* Fixed an issue that prevented batch-upload from working with files that contain non-ASCII characters.
### App Indexing
* Bitcode support is now available for the App Indexing SDK for iOS.
### Dynamic Links
* Fixed a bug that caused crashes when the `resolveLink()` API returns a non-JSON object.
### AdMob
* Enhanced the quality of ad rendering with the addition of framework dependencies for GLKit, OpenGLES, CoreMotion, and CoreVideo.
* Added the `+[GADMobileAds configureWithApplicationID:]` method. AdMob publishers should call this method with their application ID to initialize AdMob.
* Users of DoubleClick for Publishers (DFP) who use SDK mediation will no longer see the following warning: `mediated ad type is unknown or invalid`
## SDK Version 3.3.0 - June 29, 2016
### Analytics
* You can now attribute AdWords app conversions from search and display web clicks on Safari using `SFSafariViewController`, an iOS API that supports data sharing between apps and the Safari browser on the same device running iOS 9.0 or higher. This lets you measure app installs and in-app actions from app promotion ads on mobile websites. This functionality is included in the Firebase SDK, and is enabled without any changes to your app's source code.
### Authentication
* The bundle ID custom scheme is no longer required to support Google Sign-In.
* Minor improvements to error handling and error messages.
* User anonymity is now handled the same way for iOS as it is for other platforms.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed a rare crash in `[FSRWebSocket stream:handleEvent:]`.
* Improved error messages for some common mistakes configuring `FIRApp`.
* Firebase now logs a warning instead of throwing an exception when your database has exceeded its concurrency limit.
### Cloud Messaging
* Cloud Messaging no longer registers for remote notifications on startup.
### Cloud Storage
* A new `QUOTA_EXCEEDED` error now appears when plan limits are exceeded.
* Added a `state` property to `FIRStorageTaskSnapshot`.
* Fixed handling of `timeCreated` and `updated` properties in `FIRStorageMetadata`.
### The Notifications composer
* You can now add more than three custom data fields when sending a notification. A notification should not exceed 4KB total, including message text, custom data, and any advanced options.
* Reduced the refresh interval for app versions and language lists.
* The conversion event counts in the Notifications composer Google Analytics funnel view now show the number of users who have triggered the conversion event at least once. Previously, it showed the raw number of triggered conversion events.
### Dynamic Links
* Google Analytics now logs all app open events driven from user clicks on Dynamic Links.
* Including Dynamic Links in your app now adds less than 70K to your app's `.ipa` file, a reduction of nearly 2 MB from the previous release.
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Last updated 2023-02-08 UTC.
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*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
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*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
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*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
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|
spiderum_text/1376 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
### Đăng nhập & Đăng ký
5giay - Sàn Mua Bán Online
Trang chủ 5Giay > Laptop - PC - Tablet > Máy Tính Bảng Và Phụ Kiện >
### Tìm kiếm bài viết theo id
# Apple iPad Air 2 & iPad Air 1, bản Wifi, hàng Mỹ, nguyên zin giá rẻ
Thảo luận trong 'Máy Tính Bảng Và Phụ Kiện' bắt đầu bởi TienTien Shop,
19/8/22.
ID Topic : 9698413
Công cụ chủ đề
### Công cụ chủ đề
Giá bán:
2,700,000 đ
Điện thoại liên hệ:
0935265652
Địa chỉ liên hệ:
79/68A Trần Văn Đang , phường 9 , quận 3, Quận 3, TP.Hồ Chí Minh (Bản đồ)
Ngày đăng:
19/8/22 lúc 16:00
1. ### TienTien Shop Thành Viên Kim Cương
Tham gia ngày:
28/11/17
Bài viết:
8,543
> Tiền Tiền Store - zalo 0935.265.652
> Chuyên hàng Apple từ Mỹ giá rẻ !
> Tư vấn trung thực rõ ràng - Bảo hành chu đáo
> Apple iPad Air 2 & iPad Air 1, bản Wifi, hàng Mỹ, nguyên zin giá rẻ
>
>
> Máy tính bảng Apple iPad Air 1 và Apple iPad Air 2
> Hàng Mỹ - Nguyên Zin - máy đẹp - giá rẻ !
> Wifi 16 / 32 / 64 / 128GB
> Apple iPad Air 2 & iPad Air 1, bản Wifi, hàng Mỹ, nguyên zin giá rẻ - 1
> 1\. máy tính bảng iPad Air 1 wifi :
>
> Apple iPad Air 2 & iPad Air 1, bản Wifi, hàng Mỹ, nguyên zin giá rẻ - 2
> Apple iPad Air 2 & iPad Air 1, bản Wifi, hàng Mỹ, nguyên zin giá rẻ - 3
>
> * * 16GB : 2.700.000đ
> * 32GB : 3.100.000đ
> 2.Máy tính bảng iPad Air 2 wifi :
>
> Apple iPad Air 2 & iPad Air 1, bản Wifi, hàng Mỹ, nguyên zin giá rẻ - 4
> Apple iPad Air 2 & iPad Air 1, bản Wifi, hàng Mỹ, nguyên zin giá rẻ - 5
>
>
> *
>
>
> * 16gb : 3.700.000đ
> * 32GB : 4.100.000đ
> * 64gb : 4.500.000đ
> * 128gb : 4.900.000đ
> \+ Thêm sạc nhanh 20W loại tốt 150k
> Apple iPad Air 2 & iPad Air 1, bản Wifi, hàng Mỹ, nguyên zin giá rẻ - 6
>
> Liên hệ : Tiền Tiền 0935.265.652 (zalo-viber)
> Bảo hành 01 tháng
> Ship COD toàn quốc
> Đ/c : Hẻm 893 Hoàng Sa P9 Q3
>
> Giá máy T01/2023
>
> MÁY MỸ ĐẸP ZIN KENG
>
> ip7 ĐEN 32gb
> new 99 2tr5
>
> ip7 128gb HỒNG – VÀNG - ĐEN
> new 99 3tr
>
> ip7plus 128gb ĐEN_TRẮNG
> new 99_pin 100% 3tr6
>
> ip SE 2020 ĐEN 128gb
> new 99_pin 82% 3tr8
>
> ip8 plus 64gb ĐEN_ĐỎ_VÀNG
> new 99 #4tr5
> new 98 #4tr3
>
> ip8 plus 256gb ĐEN
> new 99_ pin 100% #5tr3
>
> ❎ ip8 plus 64gb ĐEN [ MẤT VÂN TAY ]
> new 98 _ pin 85% #3tr5
>
> ❎ ip8 plus 64gb ĐEN [ màn hình LCD linh kiện ] new 99 _ pin 100% #3tr9
>
> ip Xr 64gb XANH
> new 99 #4tr9
>
> ipXs max 64gb
> Đen - new 98 #7tr SALE #6tr8
> new 99 #7tr3
>
> ipXs max 256gb
> Đen - new 98 #8tr2
> new 99 #8tr5
>
> ipXs max 512gb
> Trắng - new 99 9tr6 SALE chỉ còn #8tr9
>
> ip11 pro max 256gb VÀNG_new 99 #11tr8
>
>
> ip7 ĐEN 32gb { bản LOCK } new 99_pin 85% #1tr8
>
> ip8plus 64gb ĐEN { bản LOCK } new 98_pin 100% #3tr
>
> ip8plus 128gb ĐEN { bản LOCK } new 98_pin 95% #3tr5
>
> ip XR CAM 64gb { bản LOCK } new 98_pin 88% #3tr5
>
> ip11 pro 256gb VÀNG { bản LOCK } new 97 - 98%_ màn đẹp 7tr SALE # 6tr7
>
>
> Hàng Fullbox nguyên Seal mới 100% chưa kích hoạt - chuẩn mã M - check hết
> BH Apple.
>
> Phụ kiện Hộp, sạc cáp ZIN theo máy, mà ZÁ rẻ bèo bằng giá máy 99%.
>
> E chỉ về lẻ dc mấy cây thôi à
>
> ip8 256GB ĐEN 5tr4 SALE còn #5tr2
>
>
> ipad air 2 - Wifi - Xám 16gb 3tr7 sale chỉ còn #3tr4
>
> ipad air 2 - Wifi - Xám 64gb 4tr5 sale chỉ còn #4tr2
>
>
> Bộ sạc nhanh linh kiện 20w : 150k
> Bộ sạc nhanh ZIN máy 20w : 450k
>
> ‼️‼️‼️‼️
>
> SHIP COD TOÀN QUỐC Ạ !!
>
> Apple iPad Air 2 & iPad Air 1, bản Wifi, hàng Mỹ, nguyên zin giá rẻ - 7
> Apple iPad Air 2 & iPad Air 1, bản Wifi, hàng Mỹ, nguyên zin giá rẻ - 8
> Apple iPad Air 2 & iPad Air 1, bản Wifi, hàng Mỹ, nguyên zin giá rẻ - 9
> Apple iPad Air 2 & iPad Air 1, bản Wifi, hàng Mỹ, nguyên zin giá rẻ -
> 10Apple iPad Air 2 & iPad Air 1, bản Wifi, hàng Mỹ, nguyên zin giá rẻ -
> 11Apple iPad Air 2 & iPad Air 1, bản Wifi, hàng Mỹ, nguyên zin giá rẻ -
> 12Apple iPad Air 2 & iPad Air 1, bản Wifi, hàng Mỹ, nguyên zin giá rẻ - 13
>
Chỉnh sửa cuối: 2/2/23
Tiền Tiền Store - Zalo 0935.265.652
Chuyên Iphone - Ipad - Macbook giá rẻ từ USA
Nước hoa nam - nữ và các mặt hàng xách tay từ USA
* https://www.5giay.vn/threads/tien-t...macbook-gia-re-tu-my.9676853/#post-1058897196
* https://www.5giay.vn/threads/macboo...ore-i5-hang-usa-dep-long-lanh-gia-re.9681418/
TienTien Shop, 19/8/22 lúc 16:00
#1
Tags: ipad air 1, ipad air 2, máy tính bảng giá rẻ, apple ipad, iphone
2. Tiện ích Mua-Bán trên 5giay.vn (Mobifone, Vinafone, Viettel)
UP 9698413 gửi 8177 UP 9698413 HOT gửi 8577
Topic của bạn sẽ lên đầu Topic của bạn sẽ có 5giay hot nổi bật
5GIAY 0 gửi 8777
Nạp tài khoản & Lên lịch Up topic tự động
Đang tải...
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3. ### luuphuongthao Thành Viên Mới
> Nhìn rất ngon đấy
>
luuphuongthao, 11/1/23 lúc 15:24
#2
(Bạn phải Đăng nhập hoặc Đăng ký để trả lời bài viết.)
Show Ignored Content
Tags: ipad, ipad air, ipad mini, ipad pro, ipad pro 9'7, ipad pro 12'9, ipad
2, ipad 3, ipad 4, ipad air 2, ipad mini 2, ipad mini 3, ipad mini 4, samsung
galaxy tab e, samsung galaxy tab s2, samsung galaxy tab a, samsung galaxy
tabpro s, microsoft surface pro, surface pro 2, surface pro 3, surface pro 4,
máy tính bảng samsung, máy tính bảng acer, máy tính bảng asus, máy tính bảng
lenovo, xiaomi mipad 2, phụ kiện máy tính bảng, bao da ipad, bao da máy tính
bảng, dịch vụ sửa chữa máy tính bảng
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### Tìm kiếm bài viết theo id
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Liên hệ quảng cáo : 0942.788.830 (Mr. Tới),
0903.945.050 (Miss. Hoàng Nhi)
Email: [email protected]
Báo Giá Quảng Cáo
Cty CP TM và DV Tin Học Nhật Nguyệt
(Quản lý website - không bán hàng)
Trụ sở:114 Đường số 2 Cư Xá Đô Thành P.4,Q.3,Tp.HCM
ĐKKD số: 0304899283. Đăng ký ngày: 26/03/2007
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*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
|
spiderum_text/1400 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
### Đăng nhập & Đăng ký
5giay - Sàn Mua Bán Online
Trang chủ 5Giay > Tags >
### Tìm kiếm bài viết theo id
# Cài đặt macbook
Dịch vụ cài đặt Macbook, giá cả thị trường và tất cả các bài rao vặt cài đặt
Macbook Pro, Air, 12 inch trên 5giay - Mạng thương mại điện tử . Contents:
107. Watchers: 0. Views: 6,273.
1. Diễn đàn
### Sửa chữa - nạp mực máy in
> Dịch Vụ cài đặt phần mềm, bảo trì, vệ sinh máy tính, lắp đặt internet, sửa
> chữa laptop, cài đặt macbook, cài win tận nhà giá rẻ trên 5giay.vn
DỊCH VỤ CHĂM SÓC MACBOOK LAPTOP IT CHUYÊN NGHIỆP
### DỊCH VỤ CHĂM SÓC MACBOOK LAPTOP IT CHUYÊN NGHIỆP
Chủ đề bởi: hoangt420s, 8/11/22, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Sửa chữa - nạp
mực máy in
BLUETOOTH 4.0 +nhận Sửa nâng cấp máy tính nâng SSD 0927919597
### BLUETOOTH 4.0 +nhận Sửa nâng cấp máy tính nâng SSD 0927919597
Chủ đề bởi: APPLe.779us, 8/9/22, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Sửa chữa - nạp
mực máy in
Màn hình 4K LG 27UP850
### Màn hình 4K LG 27UP850
Chủ đề bởi: Phan Su, 14/6/22, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Sửa chữa - nạp
mực máy in
cung cấp dịch vụ sửa chữa, bảo dưỡng máy tính nóng#0927919597
### cung cấp dịch vụ sửa chữa, bảo dưỡng máy tính nóng#0927919597
Chủ đề bởi: ExpreesMAC, 7/2/22, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Sửa chữa - nạp
mực máy in
tất cả dịch vụ về máy tín PC MACBOOK nhé. anh em cho marketing online
### tất cả dịch vụ về máy tín PC MACBOOK nhé. anh em cho marketing online
Chủ đề bởi: ExpreesMAC, 7/2/22, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Sửa chữa - nạp
mực máy in
NÂNG CẤP CARD WI-FI TRÊN LAPTOP - CHÌA KHÓA TĂNG TỐC CHO HỆ THỐNG ÍT N
### NÂNG CẤP CARD WI-FI TRÊN LAPTOP - CHÌA KHÓA TĂNG TỐC CHO HỆ THỐNG ÍT N
Chủ đề bởi: ESupport 9999, 16/4/21, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Sửa chữa -
nạp mực máy in
haianhmobile
### ép kính giá rẻ gò vấp
Chủ đề bởi: haianhmobile, 2/4/21, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Sửa chữa -
nạp mực máy in
HOT.nâng cấp wifi Laptop sony dell . support net nhanh ko cần mua new
### HOT.nâng cấp wifi Laptop sony dell . support net nhanh ko cần mua new
Chủ đề bởi: MM07, 1/2/21, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Sửa chữa - nạp mực
máy in
SỬA VÀ NÂNG CẤP laptop pc CHO AEM KỸ THUẬT
### SỬA VÀ NÂNG CẤP laptop pc CHO AEM KỸ THUẬT
Chủ đề bởi: DELL999UL, 23/1/21, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Sửa chữa - nạp
mực máy in
dellXPStudio79s
### CUNG CẤP DỊCH VỤ SỬA MÁY VI TÍNH LAPTOP TẬN NƠI #
Chủ đề bởi: dellXPStudio79s, 29/12/20, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Sửa chữa
- nạp mực máy in
WiFi+BT4.0 laptop Dell, Asus, mussic ediction
### WiFi+BT4.0 laptop Dell, Asus, mussic ediction
Chủ đề bởi: libboy779, 22/12/20, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Sửa chữa - nạp
mực máy in
biji779us
### Thay card Wifi + 5GHz +300mb cho laptop ASUS X vô mạng nhanh
Chủ đề bởi: biji779us, 21/12/20, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Sửa chữa - nạp
mực máy in
Cục Phát Wifi Chuyên Dụng , giúp ổn định mạng Wifi dùng trong gia đình
### Cục Phát Wifi Chuyên Dụng , giúp ổn định mạng Wifi dùng trong gia đình
Chủ đề bởi: VVG779, 3/11/20, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Sửa chữa - nạp mực
máy in
TỔNG HỢP NHỮNG MẪU TRANH ĐỒNG QUÊ ĐẸP NHẤT
### TỔNG HỢP NHỮNG MẪU TRANH ĐỒNG QUÊ ĐẸP NHẤT
Chủ đề bởi: Đệ nhất tranh đá quý, 28/10/20, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Sửa
chữa - nạp mực máy in
S8pro
### TOP. ĐỊA ĐIỂM CÀI ĐẶT MÁY TÍNH CHẤT LƯỢNG HCM Q8 Q1 Q3 Q10
Chủ đề bởi: S8pro, 15/10/20, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Sửa chữa - nạp mực
máy in
Sửa máy đếm tiền
### Sửa máy đếm tiền
Chủ đề bởi: DNC sửa chữa, 22/5/20, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Sửa chữa -
nạp mực máy in
dichvudolozi
### Sửa chữa máy tính xách tay ở Dolozi Computer
Chủ đề bởi: dichvudolozi, 2/4/20, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Sửa chữa -
nạp mực máy in
WinhoneR779
### Chuyên Nâng Cấp Card Wifi Cho Laptop , phục vụ nhu cầu làm việc cao hc
Chủ đề bởi: WinhoneR779, 11/12/19, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Sửa chữa -
nạp mực máy in
hậu quảng cáo
### máy in kalers s9
Chủ đề bởi: hậu quảng cáo, 15/10/19, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Sửa chữa -
nạp mực máy in
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### Chia sẻ trang này
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### Tìm kiếm bài viết theo id
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Trang chủ 5Giay > Tags >
### Tình hình diễn đàn
1. dtechsc1205,
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3. buonsidochoi0987217952
Tổng: 646 (Thành viên: 3, Khách: 624, Robots: 19)
5giay - Sàn Mua Bán Online 5giay - Sàn Mua Bán Online
* 5Giay
### 5Giay
Liên kết nhanh
* Bài viết của tôi
* Chuyển đến box
* Bài viết gần đây
* Sản phẩm nổi bật
* Điện thoại
* iPhone
* iPhone 12
* iPhone 12 Pro
* iPhone 12 Pro Max
* iPhone 13
* iPhone 13 Pro
* iPhone 13 Pro Max
* SamSung
* Xiaomi
* Nokia
* LG G4
* HTC One M9
* Laptop
* Macbook
* Macbook Pro
* Macbook Air
* Macbook Pro 2016
* Laptop Dell
* Dell Inspiron
* Laptop Acer
* Laptop Asus
* Laptop cũ giá rẻ
* Laptop HP
* Laptop Lenovo
* Laptop Sony
* Xe máy
* Honda Winner 150
* Honda SH
* Honda Air Blade
* Honda Vision
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* Search threads tagged with cài đặt macbook only
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### Tìm kiếm hữu ích
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Thêm...
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* Nội quy
* Liên hệ
* Trợ giúp
* Trang chủ
* Lên đầu trang
* RSS
* ### Điện thoại
* Mobile
* Điện thoại iPhone
* Phụ kiện điện thoại
* Sim số
* ### Máy tính, Laptop
* Laptop
* Máy tính bảng
* Computer
* Dịch vụ sửa chữa, bảo trì máy tính
* ### 2banh - 4banh
* Xe máy, Môtô
* Phụ tùng và dịch vụ
* Xe ôtô
* ### Thời trang
* Giày dép, balo, túi xách
* Đồng hồ Phụ kiện
* Nước hoa, mỹ phẩm
* ### Máy ảnh, Camera
* Máy ảnh, Ống kính
* ### Điện máy
* Điện tử, điện lạnh, gia dụng
* Đồ chơi mô hình
* Ve chai điện tử
* ### Nhà Đất, Nội thất
* Nội thất xây dựng
* Nhà đất, bất động sản
* Việc làm, học hành
* ### Ẩm thực, Du lịch
* Ẩm thực
* Du lịch
* Thú cưng, thú nuôi
* Phụ kiện sinh vật cảnh
* ### Thảo luận
* Thảo luận Mobile
* Thảo luận xe máy
* Chuyện trò
* ### Sàn đấu giá
* Đấu giá hàng công nghệ
* Đấu giá các sản phẩm khác
* Đấu giá từ thiện
* Xử lí box đấu giá
Liên hệ quảng cáo : 0942.788.830 (Mr. Tới),
0903.945.050 (Miss. Hoàng Nhi)
Email: [email protected]
Báo Giá Quảng Cáo
Cty CP TM và DV Tin Học Nhật Nguyệt
(Quản lý website - không bán hàng)
Trụ sở:114 Đường số 2 Cư Xá Đô Thành P.4,Q.3,Tp.HCM
ĐKKD số: 0304899283. Đăng ký ngày: 26/03/2007
Cơ quan cấp ĐKKD: Sở Kế Hoạch & Đầu Tư Tp. HCM
Tel: 0942.788.830
Email: [email protected]
Báo Giá Quảng Cáo
Partner : Tinh tế | Sohot | Xe360
Múi giờ GMT +7. Bây giờ là 21/2/23 lúc 02:31.
Forum software by XenForo™ ©2010-2015 XenForo Ltd.
Giấy phép MXH số 493/GP-BTTT do Bộ TTTT cấp ngày 25/09/2015
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Timing:
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Memory:
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DB Queries:
12
*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
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*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
|
spiderum_text/1872 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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* Help
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*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
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*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
|
spiderum_text/3880 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
Twitter
# જાવાસ્ક્રીપ્ટ ઉપલબ્ધ નથી.
અમને જાણ થઈ છે કે આ બ્રાઉઝરમાં જાવાસ્ક્રીપ્ટ અક્ષમ કરેલ છે. કૃપા કરીને
જાવાસ્ક્રીપ્ટ સક્ષમ કરો અથવા twitter.comનો ઉપયોગ ચાલુ રાખવા માટે સમર્થિત
બ્રાઉઝર પર ફેરબદલી કરો. તમે અમારા સહાયતા કેન્દ્રમાં સમર્થિત બ્રાઉઝર્સની યાદી
જોઈ શકો છો.
સહાયતા કેન્દ્ર
સેવાની શરતો ગોપનીયતા નીતિ કુકીની નીતિ Imprint વિજ્ઞાપનોની માહિતી © 2023
Twitter, Inc.
#
લોગ ઈન
સાઈન અપ
નવી ટ્વીટ્સ જુઓ
# વાર્તાલાપ
વેપાર પ્રોફાઈલ ચિત્ર
Google Marketing Platform
@GMktgPlatform
Display & Video 360 introduces digital out-of-home ads for marketers to reach
people in their real-life journey. Learn more → http://goo.gle/3TL6zGz
ટ્વીટનું અનુવાદ કરો
છબી
4:50 PM · 28 ઑક્ટો, 2022
3
પુનટ્વીટ્સ
1
લાઈક
*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
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*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
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*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
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Send feedback
# Firebase JavaScript SDK Release Notes
Stay organized with collections Save and categorize content based on your
preferences.
To review release notes for the Firebase console and for other Firebase
platforms and related SDKs, refer to the Firebase Release Notes.
## Version 9.17.1 - February 3, 2023
* Moved `exports.default` fields to always be the last field. This fixes a bug introduced in 9.17.0 that prevented some bundlers and frameworks from building. For these build failures, the error text is: "Default condition should be last one".
## Version 9.17.0 - February 2, 2023
Caution: Version 9.17.0 contains a bug causing errors in build tools that use
the `exports` field in `package.json`. If you are seeing an error with the
text "Default condition should be last one", upgrade to version 9.17.1 or
later.
* Added browser CJS entry points (expected by Jest when using JSDOM mode). See Github PR #6981.
### Authentication
* Exposed `TOKEN_EXPIRED` error when multi-factor authentication (MFA) unenroll logs out the user. See Github PR #6973.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed issue where hostname set by `connectDatabaseEmulator` was being overridden by longpolling response. See Github issue #4603.
### Cloud Firestore
* Reduced memory usage by applying query check sooner in remote document cache. See Github PR #6989.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed issue where users were unable to check if an error was an instance of `StorageError`. See Github issue #6944.
## Version 9.16.0 - January 19, 2023
* Allow users to specify their environment as `node` or `browser` to override Firebase's runtime environment detection and force the SDK to act as if it were in the respective environment.
Example:
export __FIREBASE_DEFAULTS__='{"forceEnvironment":"browser"}'
* Reformat a comment that causes compile errors in some build toolchains. See Github issue #6838.
* Removed unused `peerDependencies` in `@firebase/auth-interop-types`. This should remove installation warnings for `firebase-admin` users. See Github PR #6940.
### Authentication
* Added a fix to minimize a potential race condition between initialization of the Authentication SDK and `signInWithRedirect`. See Github issue #6827.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue where `connectDatabaseToEmulator` was sometimes called twice during a hot reload See Github issue #6853.
### Cloud Firestore
* Updated internal logic behind `AND` and `OR` queries to ensure consistency with older implicit `AND` queries. See Github PR #6896.
* Fixed an issue that stops some performance optimization being applied. See Github PR #6893.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed an issue where `pause` throws an error when a request is in flight. See Github issue #6935.
## Version 9.15.0 - December 8, 2022
* Upgraded TypeScript in each individual package to 4.7.4. The earlier update in version 9.13.0 upgraded TypeScript only in the root.
* Fixed a bug that caused Firebase SDKs to throw an error in Firefox browsers when third-party cookies are blocked. See Github issue #6801.
* Updated `firebase/[product]` entry point bundles to conform to Node.js ES module specifications.
### Realtime Database
* Added support for `startAfter` and `endBefore` query params to the REST API and wire protocol. This change does not affect the existing public API. See Github PR #6706.
### Cloud Firestore
* Functions in the Firestore package that return `QueryConstraints` (for example: `where(...)`, `limit(...)`, and `orderBy(...)`) now return a more specific type, which extends `QueryConstraint`. See Github PR #6694.
## Version 9.14.0 - November 10, 2022
### Cloud Messaging
* Exposed `icon` field for the `notification` payload. See Github PR #6728.
### App Check
* Corrected the clearing of the App Check exchange promise after a request succeeds. See Github issue #6734.
### Cloud Firestore
* Updated "missing index" error message to include the link to create the composite index. See Github issue #6613.
* Updated `transaction.set()` failure to now retry on `already-exists` error. See Github PR #6729.
### Performance Monitoring
* Expanded check in `getServiceWorkerStatus` to account for a `navigator` that has a key of `serviceWorker` with a falsy value. See Github PR #6723.
## Version 9.13.0 - October 27, 2022
* Upgraded TypeScript to 4.7.4. See Github PR #6682.
### Cloud Messaging
* Exposed `icon` field for the `notification` payload. See Github PR #6722.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed issue where clients using Node.js v18 would use the native `Blob` object, which is incompatible with `node-fetch`. See Github PR #6705.
## Version 9.12.1 - October 12, 2022
* Added error catching for when the SDK checks `__FIREBASE_DEFAULTS__` in order to not block other app functionality on error. See Github issue #6677.
### Analytics
* Corrected `id` type in `setUserId`. See Github PR #6671.
### Cloud Storage
* Cleared retry timeouts when uploads are paused/canceled. See Github PR #6667.
## Version 9.12.0 - October 11, 2022
* Removed `__FIREBASE_DEFAULTS_PATH__` option, as the current implementation caused Webpack warnings. Fixed `process.env` check to be compatible with environments where `process` exists but `process.env` does not. See Github issue #6660.
* Fixed IPv6 addresses in emulator autoinit for Cloud Firestore, Realtime Database, Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK, and Cloud Storage. See Github issue #6673.
### Cloud Firestore
* Set `withCredentials=true` when making requests via non-streaming RPCs, as is done for streaming RPCs. See Github PR #6643.
* Fixed Firestore failing to raise initial snapshot from empty local cache result. See Github issue #5873.
### Analytics
* Updated Analytics to allow for multiple instances of `gtag` with different data layer names. See Github PR #6655.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed `endBefore` and `push` documentation typos in Realtime Database documentation. See Github PR #6583.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed bug where upload status wasn't being checked after an upload failure. Implemented exponential backoff and max retry strategy. See Github PR #6653.
## Version 9.11.0 - October 06, 2022
* Added functionality to auto-initialize project config and emulator settings from global defaults. This allows the SDK to work with the upcoming framework-aware Firebase tools (currently an experimental release).
### App Check
* Fixed timer issues in the App Check SDK that caused the token to fail to refresh after it had expired, or had caused rapid repeated requests while attempting to do so. See Github issue #6373.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added `getCountFromServer()` (`getCount()` in the Lite SDK), which fetches the number of documents in the result set without actually downloading the documents.
* Fixed a time travel issue across multiple tabs. See Github issue #6511.
## Version 9.10.0 - September 15, 2022
### Authentication
* Updated custom claim type of `ParsedToken` to be `any`. This more accurately reflects that a JWT may contain any valid JSON object. See Github issue #6553.
### Cloud Firestore
* Enabled `encodeInitMessageHeaders` to transition the Firestore client from encoding HTTP Headers via the `httpHeadersOverwriteParam` to the request's `POST` payload. Note, this requires Cloud Firestore Emulator v1.14.4 or newer. See Github PR #6107.
## Version 9.9.4 - September 1, 2022
### Authentication
* Fixed proactive refresh logic in Authentication when Realtime Database, Cloud Firestore, or Cloud Storage are in use. See Github PR #6544.
### Realtime Database
* Added experimental support for Deno. See Github PR #6560.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a bug that threw a `FAILED_PRECONDITION` error when writing to a deleted document in a transaction. See Github issue #6550.
## Version 9.9.3 - August 18, 2022
* Removed all references to `@firebase/polyfill`. See Github issue #6503.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed issue where `get()` would return incorrect results when using a filtered `get()` and an `onValue()` event listener on the same path. See Github PR #6497.
* Fixed faulty transaction issue causing filtered index queries to override default queries. See Github PR #6508.
* Reverted the type of `action` parameter for `DataSnapshot.forEach()`. See Github issue #6368.
## Version 9.9.2 - August 04, 2022
* Prevent the SDK from throwing errors if it is unable to log platform data due to an IndexedDB error. It will log a warning instead. See Github PR #6480.
### Realtime Database
* Updated the type of the `action` parameter for `DataSnapshot.forEach()`. See Github issue #6368.
### Cloud Firestore
* Introduce client-side indexing with beta API `setIndexConfiguration()`. See Github PR #6496.
## Version 9.9.1 - July 22, 2022
### App Check
* Fixed throttling for App Check to prevent unnecessary requests to the backend. See Github issue #6373.
### Cloud Firestore
* Updated `@grpc/proto-loader` dependency to address `protobufjs` security issue. See Github issue #6438.
### Testing SDK
* Updated `firebase-admin` and `firebase-functions` dependencies to address `protobufjs` security issue.
## Version 9.9.0 - July 07, 2022
* Added the missing CDN build and entry point for Firebase installations.
### Analytics
* Added function `setConsent()` to set the applicable end user "consent" state.
* Added function `setDefaultEventParameters()` to set data that is logged on every Analytics event.
### Authentication
* Fixed a bug that caused ReCAPTCHA conflicts between Authentication and App Check when using ReCAPTCHA Enterprise in App Check. See Github issue #6133.
* Updated user agent detection to better detect iPad. This fixes a bug affecting some iPad devices running Cordova apps. See Github issue #6331.
### Realtime Database
* Forced `get()` to wait to resolve until the SDK is connected to the Realtime Database backend. See Github issue #6036.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed Node.js ESM `exports` paths for `firestore/lite`. See Github issue #6414.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Updated `FunctionsErrorCode` type to include "functions/" prefix. See Github issue #6281.
## Version 9.8.4 - June 23, 2022
### Analytics
* Fixed typo in `GtagConfigParams`. See Github issue #6349.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed issue where `get()` saved results incorrectly for non-default queries. See Github PR #6273.
## Version 9.8.3 - June 09, 2022
* Added `types` fields to `exports` object in `package.json` files for all published packages to make them compatible with TypeScript 4.7 support of Node.js ES modules. See Github issue #6300.
* Fixed some incorrect `package.json` paths to entry points in Authentication and Cloud Firestore.
### Realtime Database
* Removed `@firebase/app-compat` as a `peerDependency` of `@firebase/database-compat`, which should not impact JS SDK users, but will prevent `firebase-admin` users from seeing a warning during npm installation.
### Cloud Messaging
* Fixed a bug where the `fcmOptions` field was missing from `onMessage()` and `onBackgroundMessage()` payloads. See Github issue #6207.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed the Node.js ESM bundle to build from the Node.js entry point (it was incorrectly using the browser entry point). See Github issue #6343.
## Version 9.8.2 - May 27, 2022
### Authentication
* Added missing `identities` field to `firebase` claim in the typings for the ID token result. See Github issue #6218.
* Updated the SDK to recognize Capacitor apps by detecting the `capacitor:` protocol. See Github issue #5020.
* Fixed a bug where `error.email` and other fields were not populated in the Google Sign-In error flow if the user had been disabled using the Firebase Console.
## Version 9.8.1 - May 09, 2022
### Authentication
* Fixed some typings issues that caused compile errors for TypeScript users. See Github issue #6246.
## Version 9.8.0 - May 06, 2022
* As of this version, Internet Explorer 11 is no longer officially supported by the Firebase JavaScript SDK.
* Restored `idb` dependency and increased to the latest version, which supports ESM. This affects Analytics, App Check, Cloud Messaging, Performance Monitoring, and Remote Config. See Github issue #6154.
### Authentication
* Added a `beforeAuthStateChanged()` middleware function which allows you to provide callbacks that are run before an auth state change sets a new user.
### Realtime Database
* Added `forceWebSockets()` and `forceLongPolling()` methods.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a `TransactionOptions` param to the `runTransaction()` method.
## Version 9.7.0 - April 28, 2022
### App Check
* Updated App Check to use `v1` exchange endpoint instead of `v1beta` endpoint for both reCAPTCHA v3 and reCAPTCHA Enterprise.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Added `httpsCallableFromURL()`, which calls a callable function using its URL.
## Version 9.6.11 - April 14, 2022
* Set default IndexedDB transaction mode to `readonly` for IE11 compatibility.
### Realtime Database
* Fixes an issue where if a websocket protocol was used in the `databaseURL`, the `webSocketOnly` field was incorrectly set to undefined. (When using `wss` or `ws` protocols in the `databaseURL`, `webSocketOnly` is true and long polling is disabled). See Github PR #6126.
* Updated compat typings for `Reference` methods. See Github issue #6071.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixes an issue during multi-document lookup that resulted in the IndexedDB error "The parameter is less than or equal to this cursor's". See Github issue #6110.
## Version 9.6.10 - March 24, 2022
* Removed unneeded typings from the internal package `@firebase/util`. These typings caused errors in some projects using both Node.js and TypeScript.
### App Check
* Fixed a bug where `@firebase/app-check-types` was not included as a dependency of `@firebase/app-check-compat`. This could potentially affect TypeScript compilation for users of the `app-check-compat` package.
### Cloud Firestore
* Changed the format of some of the IndexedDB data stored by the Cloud Firestore SDK. This increases the performance of document lookups after an initial migration. If you do not want to migrate data, you can call `clearIndexedDbPersistence()` before invoking `enableIndexedDbPersistence()`.
## Version 9.6.9 - March 17, 2022
* Replaced `idb` dependency with in-house code to fix errors that occur when Node.js or SSR apps target ESM. This includes apps using Angular 13.1+. This fix affects Analytics, App Check, Cloud Messaging, Performance Monitoring, and Remote Config. See Github issue #6042.
## Version 9.6.8 - March 4, 2022
### Cloud Messaging
* Fixed a bug in `onBackgroundMessage()` that caused notifications to display twice. See Github issue #5516.
## Version 9.6.7 - February 17, 2022
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a bug that caused Cloud Firestore streams to get restarted with the same App Check token.
* On browsers that support IndexedDB v3, we now invoke `transaction.commit()` and `IndexedDB.getAll()` to speed up data processing.
* Cloud Firestore queries are now sent to the backend before the SDK starts local processing, which reduces overall `Query` latency.
## Version 9.6.6 - February 3, 2022
### Authentication
* Fixed a bug where the `user.providerData` field was being improperly initialized. See firebaseui-web Github issue #917.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added to the version 9 upgrade guide important details about a potential breaking change in which the property `DocumentSnapshot.exists` has been changed from a property to a method. If your version 8-based app uses the `exists` property, you must refactor your code as part of the upgrade to version 9.
### Cloud Messaging
* Fixed an uncaught rejection in `isSupported()` when the environment does not support IndexedDB's `open()` method. See Github issue #5868.
## Version 8.10.1 - January 28, 2022
Note: This is an emergency security update for any users who are still on
version 8 of the SDK and are unable to migrate to v9. The v8 SDK is updated
only for emergency security fixes, and does not benefit from any other bug
fixes or new features. The latest version of the Firebase JS SDK is still
9.6.5 (see below).
* Updated `node-fetch` dependency due to a security issue (CVE-2022-0235).
## Version 9.6.5 - January 27, 2022
* Updated `node-fetch` dependency due to a security issue (CVE-2022-0235).
### Authentication
* Fixed errors in `auth-compat` when cookies are fully disabled in Chrome. See Github issue #5913.
* Added missing `PhoneMultiFactorInfo` public interface. See Github issue #5922.
* The SDK no longer causes React Native to log a warning about deprecation of `AsyncStorage` if the developer has provided the non-deprecated version. See Github issue #1847.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an App Check issue that caused Cloud Firestore listeners to stop working and receive a "Permission Denied" error. This issue only affected App Check developers that set their expiration time to under an hour. See Github issue #5842.
## Version 9.6.4 - January 20, 2022
### Authentication
* Fixed the error code thrown when the network times out. See Github issue #5874.
* Added `./cordova` and `./react-native` paths to the `exports` field in `package.json`. See Github issue #5878.
### Cloud Messaging
* Changed `exports` paths to always point to `.cjs` bundles when in a Node.js context, since the Cloud Messaging SDK is currently unable to provide ESM bundles for Node.js. See Github issue #5839.
## Version 9.6.3 - January 13, 2022
### Cloud Firestore
* The Node.js SDK now bundles its internal `.proto` files into the code instead of reading them from the filesystem at runtime. This prevents errors like `no such file or directory` in certain types of deployments. See Github issue #5823.
### Cloud Messaging
* Fixed a bug where the `fcmMessageId` field in the message payload was incorrectly defined as `fcm_message_id`.
* Add a CJS bundle for `messaging/sw`. This enables some SSR frameworks to run their Node.js pipelines without erroring. See Github issue #5854.
## Version 9.6.2 - January 7, 2022
### Authentication
* Fix persistence selection in compatibility layer in worker scripts. See Github issue #5791.
### Cloud Firestore
* `FirestoreError` now extends `FirebaseError`. See Github issue #5754.
* Fixed an issue that caused incomplete `Query` snapshots when the SDK is backgrounded during query execution.
### Cloud Storage
* `StorageError` now extends `FirebaseError`. See Github issue #5754.
## Version 9.6.1 - December 9, 2021
### Authentication
* Fixed errors that occurred during initialization of the Authentication SDK when the network is unavailable. See Github issue #5720.
### Cloud Firestore
* Hardcoded the version of grpc-js sent to logs as a temporary fix for `createRequire` issues in the Node.js CJS bundle.
## Version 9.6.0 - December 2, 2021
### Cloud Firestore
* Added support for App Check.
## Version 9.5.0 - November 18, 2021
### Cloud Storage
* Added `getBytes()`, `getStream()` and `getBlob()`, which allow direct file downloads from the SDK. `getStream()` is only available for Node.js and `getBlob()` is only available for browser-like environments.
### App Check
* Reduced the latency of the first `getToken()` call by proactively retrieving a token when App Check is initialized.
* App Check now throttles requests after some error codes to prevent overwhelming the endpoint.
### Cloud Firestore
* The SDK no longer accesses `IndexedDB` during a page unload event on Safari 15. This aims to reduce the occurrence of an `IndexedDB` bug in Safari (https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=226547). See Github issue #5716.
* Updated the Node.js build to work better with Jest. See Github issue #5687.
## Version 9.4.1 - November 11, 2021
### Authentication
* Added `getReactNativePersistence()` as an export from the React Native bundle. See Github issue #1847.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Clear pending timeout after `Promise.race()`. It allows the process to exit immediately in case the SDK is used in Node.js. Otherwise the process waits for the timeout to finish before exiting. See Github issue #5692.
### Cloud Storage
* Clear the global timeout once an operation is done in the Cloud Storage SDK. Otherwise the pending timeout may prevent Node.js from exiting. See Github issue #5628.
## Version 9.4.0 - November 08, 2021
### Realtime Database
* Fixed a packaging issue that broke the Firebase Admin Node.js SDK. see Github issue #1487.
### Cloud Firestore
* Expanded `Firestore.WithFieldValue<T>` to include `T`. This allows developers to delegate `WithFieldValue<T>` inside wrappers of type `T` to avoid exposing Firebase types beyond Firebase-specific logic. see Github issue #5661.
## Version 9.3.0 - November 04, 2021
* Added ESM entry point for Node.js and added `exports` field support to all packages.
### App Check
* Added ReCAPTCHA Enterprise as an attestation option.
### Authentication
* Added the missing `SAMLAuthProvider` to the compatibility layer.
* Fixed bug that caused `onAuthStateChanged` to be fired twice. See Github issue #5685.
## Version 9.2.0 - October 28, 2021
* Added an empty typings file to the `firebase` package to fix autocomplete problems in some IDEs. See Github issue #5649.
### Authentication
* Fixed behavior on subsequent calls to `getRedirectResult()`. See Github issue #5610.
* Fixed the public `AuthError` typing and update the `MultiFactorError` implementation to follow the new standard (where all fields are listed under `customData`).
* Fixed an error raised in Lighthouse reports by adding the attribute `aria-hidden="true"` to the embedded iframe. See Github issue #5631.
* The SDK now exports phone sign-in functionality in the React Native entry point (except for `RecaptchaVerifier`).
* Made the SDK resilient against `localStorage` and `sessionStorage` permissions errors. See Github issue #5618.
* Fixed compatibility layer (`auth-compat`) errors that were being thrown in Safari. See Github issue #5644.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed `exports` fields to also point to ESM builds for Node.js. This change requires Node.js version 10+. See Github issue #5499.
* Added missing compat conversion for `runTransaction`. See Github issue #5627.
* Changed the networking API to use XHR instead of `fetch()` for React Native. See Github issue #1674.
## Version 9.1.3 - October 14, 2021
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed a bug causing an unhandled promise rejection in Node.js when the Cloud Storage client encounters a network error. See Github issue #5372.
## Version 9.1.2 - October 07, 2021
### App Check
* Fixed incorrect typings. See GitHub issue #5569.
* Updated `@firebase/app-check-compat` to correctly export and handle `ReCaptchaV3Provider` and `CustomProvider` classes.
### Authentication
* Calls to `connectAuthEmulator` with the `disableWarnings` flag set to true will no longer cause a `console.info` warning to be printed.
* Fixed a bug in the `OAuthProvider.prototype.credential` method that was preventing the `rawNonce` field from being populated in the returned `OAuthCredential`. See GitHub issue #5553.
* Fixed a bug where `user.tenantId` wasn't being carried over in the `updateCurrentUser` function.
* Fixed an issue in `@firebase/auth-compat` where the SDK tried to access fields from a `undefined` variable.
## Version 9.1.1 - September 30, 2021
### Authentication
* Fixed a bug on iOS causing incorrectly formatted links to be sent in emails. See GitHub issue #5541.
## Version 9.1.0 - September 24, 2021
### Authentication
* All browser persistence implementations such as `indexedDBLocalPersistence` are mapped to `inMemoryPersistence` in Node.js to allow isomorphic code that works well with use cases like server-side rendering.
* `emailVerified` field is now set in the `User` correctly. See GitHub issue #5430.
* Added missing phone `FACTOR_ID` static property to the `PhoneMultiFactorGenerator` class. See GitHub issue #5480.
* Fixed wrongly-typed `tenantId` fields in requests to some endpoints.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a bug where `UpdateData` did not recognize union types or optional, dot-separated string fields.
### Remote Config
* Added an `isSupported()` function. You can use this function to check if the current environment supports Remote Config, and only initialize Remote Config in supported environments.
### Analytics
* Fixed an issue where `isSupported()` throws unexpected errors in certain environments.
### App Check
* Initialization no longer throws runtime errors in Node.js.
* Debug mode check is delayed till `initializeAppCheck()` is called.
### Cloud Messaging
* Fixed an issue where `isSupported()` throws unexpected errors in certain environments.
### Performance Monitoring
* Fixed an issue where `isSupported()` throws unexpected errors in certain environments.
### Testing SDK
* Fixed typing issues where `Database`/`Firestore`/`Storage` compat instances returned by `RulesTestContext` are not compatible with v9 modular APIs.
* Set `RTDB` namespace to be same as `projectId` by default instead of `${projectId}-default-rtdb`. This fixes rules not being applied and other issues related to namespace mismatch.
## Version 9.0.2 - September 9, 2021
### Authentication
* Fixed a bug where custom errors from blocking functions were being dropped. See GitHub issue #5386.
* Removed `const enum`s from the public typings file.
### Cloud Firestore
* Improved the error handling when the SDK encounters a failure opening IndexedDB in a Firefox private browsing session. See GitHub issue #5377.
* Fixed a deadlock during asynchronous initialization of both Cloud Firestore and Authentication. See GitHub issue #5402.
* Fixed the behavior of `collection()` when passed multiple path segment strings. See GitHub issue #5431.
* Added a temporary workaround for a bug causing `initializeFirestore()` to throw errors when used in certain build pipelines, such as the default production build for Create React App. See GitHub issue #5384.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* The SDK now omits sending an App Check token header to the Cloud Functions endpoint if there is no valid App Check token to send.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed a bug that incorrectly threw an error when using `refFromUrl()` with `connectStorageEmulator()`. See Github issue #3715 in firebase-tools.
## Version 9.0.1 - August 30, 2021
* Fixed `.cjs` builds that caused errors in Node.js use cases, such as using SSR in AngularFire. See GitHub PR #5400.
* Fixed a typing issue in `@firebase/app-compat`. See GitHub issue #5382.
* Fixed incorrect import of `node-fetch` polyfill that caused uncaught exceptions when using Cloud Storage and the `firestore/lite` package from Cloud Firestore.
### Authentication
* Fixed a typing issue caused by a missing constructor for `OAuthProvider`.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added export fields to make `firestore/lite` available in Node.js. See GitHub PR #5400.
* Fixed incorrect import of `node-fetch` polyfill that caused uncaught exceptions when using `firestore/lite`.
## Version 9.0.0 - August 25, 2021
* This release introduces the new modular API, which enables tree-shaking, bundle size reduction, and other benefits. See SDK versions 8 and 9 for more details. Users of version 8 will need to update their code in order for it to still work with version 9.0.0 and higher. We have provided a compat package to make this migration easier. See the upgrade guide for instructions for upgrading from version 8 or the setup guide for instructions for getting started from scratch with version 9+.
### Cloud Messaging
* FCM now provides delivery data export to BigQuery as an Alpha feature. See Enable message delivery data export.
### Cloud Firestore
* This release introduces Firestore Lite, a lightweight, standalone REST-only Firestore SDK that supports single document fetches, query execution, and document updates, at a fraction of the regular Web SDK size. See Cloud Firestore Lite Web SDK.
## Version 8.10.0 - August 19, 2021
* Added or updated the `mockUserToken` option provided to the `useEmulator()` functions in Realtime Database, Cloud Firestore, and Cloud Storage. The details for each product are below.
### Realtime Database
* Allow `useEmulator()` to also accept a string for its `mockUserToken` option.
### Cloud Firestore
* Allow `useEmulator()` to also accept a string for its `mockUserToken` option.
### Cloud Storage
* Add an options object containing `mockUserToken` as a param for `useEmulator()`.
* Changed `ref()` so it does not throw if given a path string that contains `..`.
### Cloud Messaging
* Exposed the `messageId` property on `MessagePayload`.
### Testing SDK
* Fixed JWT encoding bug that broke interoperability with the Cloud Storage emulator.
## Version 8.9.1 - August 10, 2021
### App Check
* Fixed typings on params passed to `activate()`.
## Version 8.9.0 - August 5, 2021
### Analytics
* Fixed formatting of documentation comments and updated some event typings to correctly match Google Analytics 4 specs.
### App Check
* Add `RecaptchaV3Provider` and `CustomProvider` classes that can be supplied as params to `firebase.appCheck().activate()`.
### Cloud Storage
* Added a browser CJS build as `./dist/index.browser.cjs.js`. This change was primarily to prevent breaking the Emulator UI.
## Version 8.8.1 - July 29, 2021
* Added a missing dependency in the `@firebase/app-types` package.
## Version 8.8.0 - July 22, 2021
### Analytics
* Added `firebase_screen` and `firebase_screen_class` to `logEvent()` overload for `screen_view` events. These fields are required to log `screen_view` events correctly to Analytics.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed sending of Authentication tokens in Node.js. This bug affected Admin SDK users who have App Check enforced.
### Cloud Firestore
* The SDK no longer accesses IndexedDB during a page unload event on Safari 14. This aims to reduce the occurrence of an IndexedDB bug in Safari (https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=226547). See GitHub issue #4076.
* Fixed an issue that prevented `Date` objects from being used via `update()` when connected to the Cloud Firestore emulator.
### Cloud Storage
* Added Node.js support to Cloud Storage for Firebase. This release changes the `main` field in `package.json` to point to a Node-specific build. If you are building a bundle for browser usage, make sure that your bundler uses the `browser` field (this is usually the default).
## Version 8.7.1 - July 8, 2021
### Realtime Database
* In Node.js, always send Authentication and App Check tokens when they are available.
## Version 8.7.0 - July 1, 2021
### App Check
* Added a `getToken()` method that returns an App Check token asynchronously.
* Added an `onTokenChanged()` method that adds listeners to App Check token changes.
* Fixed an error causing `HTTP status 429` errors in debug mode. See GitHub issue #5052.
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where Cloud Firestore didn't detect Authentication, which led to permission denied errors. See GitHub issue #4932.
## Version 8.6.8 - June 17, 2021
### Authentication
* Fixed a bug where `linkWithPopup`, `linkWithRedirect`, `reauthenticateWithPopup`, and `reauthenticateWithRedirect` weren't correctly picking up the emulator configuration. See GitHub issue #4879.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a bug that caused `Uncaught TypeError: e.auth.addAuthTokenListener is not a function`. See GitHub issue #5018.
## Version 8.6.7 - June 10, 2021
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression that prevented Cloud Firestore from detecting the Authentication service during initialization, which prevented some writes from being sent.
## Version 8.6.5 - June 4, 2021
* Fixed an error where `firebase.SDK_VERSION` did not always contain the correct version number.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where `FetchXmlHttpFactory` was not available.
## Version 8.6.4 - June 3, 2021
Caution: Version 8.6.4 contains an issue that causes crashes in Cloud
Firestore. If you use Cloud Firestore, upgrade to version 8.6.5 or later.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* JavaScript `Date` objects are now serialized to an ISO string instead of an empty object.
## Version 8.6.3 - May 27, 2021
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an `"index not defined"` error that sometimes occurred during a `get()` call on an `orderByChild` query.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a warning message when `settings()` is used to override the original value of `host` without also setting `{merge: true}`.
## Version 8.6.2 - May 20, 2021
### Cloud Firestore
* Use `pagehide` event for page termination by default, instead of `unload`. See docs on `pagehide` vs `unload`.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Fixed a bug in `httpsCallable()` when it is used in the same project as Cloud Messaging. See GitHub issue #4909.
### Testing SDK
* Prevent `useEmulators()` from erroring when only the `storage` field is populated in the options parameter.
## Version 8.6.1 - May 12, 2021
* Fixed a bug that caused crashes in Cloud Storage, Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK, and Realtime Database when using the all-in-one `firebase` import, as in `import firebase from 'firebase'`.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue that could cause `once()` to fire more than once if the value was modified inside its callback.
## Version 8.6.0 - May 11, 2021
Caution: Version 8.6.0 contains an issue that causes crashes in Cloud Storage,
Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK, and Realtime Database when using the
all-in-one `firebase` import. If you use these products, upgrade to version
8.6.1 or later.
### App Check
* Published the App Check package.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed typings for `useEmulator`.
### Testing SDK
* Added support for Cloud Storage emulator.
## Version 8.5.0 - May 5, 2021
### Realtime Database
* `useEmulator` now accepts an optional `mockUserToken`.
### Cloud Firestore
* `useEmulator` now accepts an optional `mockUserToken`.
## Version 8.4.3 - April 29, 2021
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue that prevented the SDK from firing cancel events for Firebase Security Rules violations. See GitHub issue #4818.
* Fixes a regression introduced in version 8.4.1 that broke `useEmulator()`. See GitHub issue #4811.
## Version 8.4.2 - April 23, 2021
* Fixed outdated `peerDependencies`.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where errors from `grpc` are thrown directly to user code. Now they are wrapped in `FirestoreError`.
* Fixed an issue where an empty `X-Firebase-GMPID` header is sent in the request when `appId` is not available. See GitHub issue #4795.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed the infinite recursion caused by the `FirebaseStorageError` message getter.
## Version 8.4.1 - April 13, 2021
### Realtime Database
* Fixed a build issue that caused SDK breakage.
## Version 8.4.0 - April 12, 2021
### Cloud Storage
* Added a `storage().useEmulator()` method to enable emulator mode for storage. This allows you to set a storage emulator host and port.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a bug where decimal inputs to `Timestamp.fromMillis()` were calculated incorrectly due to floating point precision loss.
## Version 8.3.3 - April 08, 2021
* This update only includes internal refactoring.
## Version 8.3.2 - March 31, 2021
* This update includes internal refactoring.
## Version 8.3.1 - March 18, 2021
* Fixed a bug caused by an outdated version of the `tslib` dependency. See GitHub issue #4633.
## Version 8.3.0 - March 10, 2021
### Cloud Firestore
* Added support to remove the `FirestoreDataConverter` on a `Firestore` reference by calling `withConverter(null)`
## Version 8.2.10 - March 4, 2021
### Analytics
* Fixed typings for `analytics().logEvent()` so that the `eventParams` argument is correctly typed as optional.
## Version 8.2.9 - February 19, 2021
* API update for an internal package. There is no change in the public API.
## Version 8.2.8 - February 18, 2021
### Analytics
* Fixed a behavior causing `gtag.js` to be downloaded twice on Firebase Analytics initialization. See GitHub issue #2628.
## Version 8.2.7 - February 11, 2021
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue with `Query.get()` where `Query` filters were not applied to data in some cases.
* Added the missing type definitions for `startAfter()` and `endBefore()`.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a bug where local cache inconsistencies were unnecessarily being resolved.
* Fixed the path to the react native memory-only build.
## Version 8.2.6 - February 04, 2021
### Authentication
* Fixed a bug where UTF-8 encoded strings were not decoded in `getIdTokenResult`. See GitHub issue #4174.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue with `startAfter`/`endBefore` when used in `orderByKey` queries.
### Cloud Firestore
* Correctly handle `ignoreUndefinedProperties` in `set({ merge: true })`. Previously this would behave as if the undefined value were `FieldValue.delete()`, which wasn't intended.
## Version 8.2.5 - January 28, 2021
### Realtime Database
* When issued for queries that are being listened to, `get()` calls no longer send backend requests.
### Cloud Firestore
* Classes like `DocumentReference` and `Query` can now be serialized to JSON. See GitHub issue #4258.
## Version 8.2.4 - January 21, 2021
### Realtime Database
* Added `startAfter` and `endBefore` filters for paginating Realtime Database queries.
### Authentication
* Added the `useEmulator()` function and `emulatorConfig` to the `firebase` package externs.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an error that caused `FirestoreDataConverter.fromFirestore()` to be called with an incorrect `QueryDocumentSnapshot` object. See GitHub issue #4278
## Version 8.2.3 - January 14, 2021
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue that caused `refFromUrl()` to reject production database URLs when `useEmulator()` was used.
## Version 8.2.2 - January 7, 2021
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue with multiple database instances when using the Realtime Database emulator. See GitHub issue #3681
### Cloud Firestore
* Updated an outdated error message to include `!=` and `not-in` as inequality operators. See GitHub issue #4253
* Fixed an issue in the Transaction API that caused the SDK to return invalid `DocumentReference` objects through `DocumentSnapshot.data()` calls. See GitHub issue #4226
## Version 8.2.1 - December 17, 2020
### Authentication
* Updated auth token logic to rely on device clock time instead of server time. This fixes an issue seen when a device's clock is skewed by a lot: see GitHub issue #3222
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue that prevented the SDK from automatically retrieving custom claims for a `User`. See GitHub issue #4175
## Version 8.2.0 - December 11, 2020
### Authentication
* Added an option to hide the banner in Auth when using the emulator.
### Cloud Firestore
* Released Firestore Bundles (pre-packaged Firestore data). For NPM users, this can be enabled via an additional import: `firebase/firestore/bundle`. For CDN usage, it is enabled by default.
* A write to a document that contains `FieldValue` transforms is no longer split up into two separate operations. This reduces the number of writes the backend performs and allows each `WriteBatch` to hold 500 writes regardless of how many `FieldValue` transformations are attached.
### Performance Monitoring
* Changed to dispatch no more than 1000 collected performance events for each network request. Events over the cap will be queued and sent with the next dispatch.
## Version 8.1.2 - December 3, 2020
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue with IndexedDB retry logic causing uncaught errors.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a bug that prevented usage of `FieldPath` objects with multiple special characters.
* Fixes an issue that returned invalid `DocumentReference` instances from `QuerySnapshot` objects. See GitHub issue #4125
### Testing SDK
* Fixed `assertFails` not recognizing `permission-denied` errors from Realtime Database.
## Version 8.1.1 - November 19, 2020
### Realtime Database
* Added the missing type definition for `Query.get()`.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue that prevented `experimentalAutoDetectLongPolling` from working correctly.
## Version 8.1.0 - November 19, 2020
### Realtime Database
* We have identified an issue in the newly added `Query.get()` API. This causes data to be returned which doesn't match the Query filters. We are working on providing a fix.
* Added a database query `get` method that returns server results when connected.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression introduced in v8.0.2 that returned invalid values for `DocumentChange.newIndex`. See GitHub issue #4071
## Version 8.0.2 - November 12, 2020
### Authentication
* The SDK now retries IndexedDB errors a fixed number of times to handle connection issues in mobile WebKit. Fixes GitHub issue #1926.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue that caused `DocumentReference` objects in `DocumentSnapshot` instances to be returned with the custom converter of the original `DocumentReference`.
## Version 8.0.1 - November 5, 2020
### Cloud Messaging
* Fixed an issue where a silent-push warning was displayed along with the message shown by `ServiceWorkerRegistration.showNotification`. Added a timeout for the `onBackgroundMessage` hook so that silent-push warnings won't show if `ServiceWorkerRegistration.showNotification` is called inside the hook within 1 second. See GitHub issue #3725.
### Testing SDK
* Added a `withFunctionTriggersDisabled` method which runs a user-provided setup function with emulated Cloud Functions triggers disabled. This can be used to import data into the Realtime Database or Cloud Firestore emulators without triggering locally emulated functions. This method only works with Firebase CLI version 8.13.0 or higher.
## Version 8.0.0 - October 26, 2020
* Breaking change: `browser` fields in package.json files now point to ESM bundles instead of CJS bundles. Users who are using ESM imports must now use the default import instead of a namespace import.
Before 8.0.0
import * as firebase from 'firebase/app'
After 8.0.0
import firebase from 'firebase/app'
Code that uses `require('firebase/app')` or `require('firebase')` will still
work, but in order to get proper typings (for code completion, for example)
users should change these `require` calls to `require('firebase/app').default`
or `require('firebase').default`. This is because the SDK now uses typings for
the ESM bundle, and the different bundles share one typings file.
### Cloud Firestore
* Removed the undocumented `Firestore.logLevel` property.
* Breaking change: Removed deprecated `experimentalTabSynchronization` settings. To enable multi-tab synchronization, use `synchronizeTabs` instead.
* This release removes runtime type validations that are covered by TypeScript. Developers can use our TypeScript types to validate API usage.
* Breaking change: Removed the `timestampsInSnapshots` option from `FirestoreSettings`. Now, Cloud Firestore always returns `Timestamp` values for all timestamp values.
* Added a `useEmulator(host, port)` method to Cloud Firestore.
* Removed excess validation of null and NaN values in query filters. This more closely aligns the SDK with the Cloud Firestore backend, which has always accepted null and NaN for all operators.
### Cloud Storage
* This release removes runtime type validations that are covered by TypeScript. Developers can use our TypeScript types to validate API usage.
### Realtime Database
* Added a `useEmulator(host, port)` method to Realtime Database.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Added a `useEmulator(host, port)` method to the Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK.
## Version 7.24.0 - October 15, 2020
### Authentication
* Added the ability to configure the SDK to communicate with the Firebase Emulator.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a new `experimentalAutoDetectLongPolling` to `FirestoreSettings`. When enabled, the SDK's underlying transport layer automatically detects if long-polling should be used. This is very similar to `experimentalForceLongPolling`, but only uses long-polling if required.
* Fixed a potential issue in our internal queue that could have allowed API calls to be executed out of order.
### Testing SDK
* Changed to not delete the `uid` property from user auth object in `initializeTestApp()`. See GitHub issue #3920.
* Fixed the typing for custom claims.
## Version 7.23.0 - October 8, 2020
### Analytics
* The SDK now warns instead of throwing an error if it detects a browser environment where Analytics does not work.
### Cloud Firestore
* The SDK now includes more information in the error message for failed IndexedDB transactions.
### Performance Monitoring
* Moved the `loggingEnabled` check to wait until performance initialization finishes, which prevents the SDK from dropping custom traces right after getting the `performance` object.
* Throws an exception when `startTime` or `duration` is not a positive value in the `trace.record()` API.
### Testing SDK
* Added stronger types to the `options.auth` option for `initializeTestApp()`.
## Version 7.22.1 - October 5, 2020
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Fixed a bug introduced in 7.21.1 that causes callable functions to throw an error in some environments.
## Version 7.22.0 - October 1, 2020
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Users can now set a custom domain for callable functions.
## Version 7.21.1 - September 24, 2020
Caution: Versions 7.21.1 and 7.22.0 contain an issue in the Cloud Functions
for Firebase Client SDK that causes callable functions to throw an error. If
you use callable functions, upgrade to version 7.22.1 or later.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue that prevented `waitForPendingWrites()` from resolving in background tabs when multi-tab is used. See GitHub issue #3816.
* Fixed a "Comparison with -0" lint warning for customers that build from source. See GitHub issue #3814.
### Authentication
* Fixed an encoding issue in the Authentication CDN script for environments that require UTF-8, for example, Chrome extensions. See GitHub issue #414.
## Version 7.21.0 - September 17, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Added `not-in` and `!=` query operators for use with `.where()`.
* `not-in` finds documents where a specified field’s value is not in a specified array.
* `!=` finds documents where a specified field's value does not equal the specified value. Neither query operator will match documents where the specified field is not present.
* The SDK now uses `FirestoreError` instead of `Error` in `onSnapshot*()` error callbacks.
* Fixed a bug where `CollectionReference.add()` called `FirestoreDataConverter.toFirestore()` twice instead of once. See GitHub issue #3742
### Realtime Database
* Fixed detection of Admin SDK context.
### Testing SDK
* Fixed a bug preventing users from testing Realtime Database with both the Admin SDK and the client JS SDK.
## Version 7.20.0 - September 10, 2020
### Analytics
* For apps using v7.20.0 and later, Firebase dynamically fetches the `measurementId` when your app initializes Analytics. Having this ID in your Firebase config object is optional, but it does serve as a fallback in the rare case that the dynamic fetch fails. Learn more about this field in the Analytics getting started page.
### Realtime Database
* The SDK can now infer a default database URL if none is provided in the config.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a bug where, if a user change happened while the network connection was disabled, the client did not raise snapshots from cache.
### Cloud Messaging
* The SDK no longer opens non-origin links, fixing a potential security issue.
## Version 7.19.1 - August 27, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Added `merge` option to `firestore.settings()`, which merges the provided settings with settings from a previous call. This addresses GitHub issue #3354.
### Testing SDK
* Fixed an issue with `assertFails()`. See GitHub issue #3671
## Version 7.19.0 - August 20, 2020
### Testing SDK
* Released `@firebase/rules-unit-testing` to replace the `@firebase/testing` package. The new package is API compatible but has the following breaking behavior changes:
* `assertFails()` now fails only on `PERMISSION DENIED` errors, not any error.
* `initializeAdminApp()` now relies on `firebase-admin` rather than imitating the Admin SDK.
### Performance Monitoring
* Adds a check to silently prevent Performance Monitoring from initializing if the required `indexedDB.open()` API is not available in the environment.
### Cloud Firestore
* `terminate()` can now be retried if it fails with an IndexedDB exception. See GitHub issue #2755.
* Enabled fallback for auto-generated identifiers in environments that support `crypto` but not `crypto.getRandomValues`. See GitHub PR #3487.
## Version 7.18.0 - August 13, 2020
### Cloud Messaging
* Added `onBackgroundMessage`, which is called regardless of whether or not a notification is displayed.
* `getToken` now accepts an options object that includes an optional vapid key and an optional service worker registration.
* Deprecated `setBackgroundMessageHandler`. Use the new API `onBackgroundMessage` instead.
* Deprecated `useVapidKey` and `useServiceWorker`. Use `getToken` to set these values instead.
* Deprecated `onTokenRefresh` which is a no-op API currently.
### Cloud Firestore
* The SDK no longer crashes with the error "The database connection is closing". Instead, the individual operations that cause this error may be rejected. Addresses GitHub issue #3495.
* Fixed a bug that caused slow retries for IndexedDB operations even when a webpage re-entered the foreground.
### Analytics
* `analytics.isSupported()` now returns `Promise<false>` for extension environments.
## Version 7.17.2 - August 6, 2020
### Realtime Database
* Added interface `Database` which is implemented by `FirebaseDatabase`. This allows consumer SDKs (such as the Firebase Admin SDK) to export Realtime Database types as an interface.
### Cloud Firestore
* Upgraded to the latest version of Google Closure Library and Compiler. Developers will not need to make any changes to their code to handle this change.
## Version 7.17.1 - July 24, 2020
### Analytics
* Added an omitted dependency update that caused Analytics to error on initialization. Addresses GitHub issue #3469.
## Version 7.17.0 - July 23, 2020
Caution: Version 7.17.0 contains an issue that prevents Analytics from
initializing. Please upgrade to version 7.17.1 or later.
### Analytics
* Added an `analytics.isSupported()` method which returns true if the current browser context supports Analytics. This can used in a conditional to prevent initialization of Analytics in environments that don't support it. This check also automatically runs when Analytics is initialized (`firebase.analytics()`) and if it finds an unsupported environment, throws an error advising developers to use `isSupported()`. Addresses GitHub issue #2393.
### Cloud Storage
* Error messages for backend errors now include the backend's response message.
## Version 7.16.1 - July 16, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* The SDK no longer crashes if an `IndexedDB` failure occurs when unsubscribing from a `Query`.
* Removed a delay that prevented Firestore from immediately reestablishing a network connection if a connectivity change occurred while the app was in the background.
### Realtime Database
* Instead of using production auth, the SDK will use test credentials to connect to the Emulator when Realtime Database is used via the Firebase Admin SDK. Fixes GitHub issue #3144.
### Cloud Storage
* Updated the TypeScript types for all APIs using `Observer`s to allow callback omission. Fixes GitHub issue #3158.
### Authentication
* Added the `browser` field in package.json.
## Version 7.16.0 - July 09, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Added support for `set()` with merge options when using `FirestoreDataConverter`.
* Re-added the React Native bundle, which allows Cloud Firestore to be used without `btoa/atob` polyfills.
* Removed internal wrapper around our public API that was meant to prevent incorrect SDK usage for JavaScript users, but caused the SDK to stop working in IE11. See GitHub issue #3305.
### FCM
* Fixed an issue where we tried to update the token for every `getToken()` call because we don't save the updated token in the `IndexedDB`.
* Fixed an RxJS incompatibility issue by adding support for `onMessage` so the internal callback can work with RxJS's `Subscriber`. See GitHub issue #3142.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Clear timeout after a successful response or after the request is canceled. Fixes GitHub issue #3289.
## Version 7.15.5 - June 25, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a bug that sometimes caused Cloud Firestore operations to fail during an auth token change. See GitHub issue #3179
## Version 7.15.4 - June 20, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Removed the React Native entry point due to an issue in our internal library. For Cloud Firestore in React Native, use the browser build and add necessary polyfills. See GitHub issue #2667
## Version 7.15.3 - June 19, 2020
Caution: Version 7.15.3 contains an issue that prevents Cloud Firestore from
working in React Native. Please upgrade to 7.15.4 or later.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue that prevented Cloud Firestore from working in React Native. See GitHub issue #2667
## Version 7.15.2 - June 18, 2020
### Realtime Database
* Added an internal HTTP header to the WebSocket connection.
### Cloud Firestore
* Updated `grpc-js` to version `^1.0.0`.
## Version 7.15.1 - June 11, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue that prevented the client from connecting to the backend immediately after a user signed in. See GitHub issue #2923.
* Fixed a regression introduced in PR #3048 that changed the `context.path` variable from `Path|null` to `undefined|null`. See GitHub issue #3172.
## Version 7.15.0 - June 04, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Added an `experimentalForceOwningTab` setting that can be used to enable persistence in environments without `localStorage`, which allows persistence to be used in Web Workers. See GitHub issue #983.
* All known failure cases for `IndexedDB`-related crashes have now been addressed. Instead of crashing the client, `IndexedDB` failures result in rejected operations (for example, rejected `Writes` or errored `Query` listeners). If these rejections surface in your app, you can retry these operations when `IndexedDB` access is restored. `IndexedDB` failures that occur due to background work are automatically retried.
If you continue to see `IndexedDB`-related crashes, please provide feedback
GitHub issue #2755.
## Version 7.14.6 - May 29, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue that could cause Cloud Firestore to temporarily go offline when a Window visibility event occurred.
* Added support for calling `FirebaseFirestore.settings` with `{ ignoreUndefinedProperties: true }`. When this parameter is set, Cloud Firestore ignores undefined properties inside objects rather than rejecting the API call.
## Version 7.14.5 - May 21, 2020
### Realtime Database
* Fixed a Realtime Database URL parsing bug to support domains with more than 3 components.
## Version 7.14.4 - May 14, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression introduced in v7.14.2 that incorrectly applied a `FieldValue.increment` in combination with `set({...}, {merge: true})`.
## Version 7.14.3 - May 07, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Cloud Firestore now rejects `onSnapshot()` listeners if they cannot be registered in `IndexedDB`. Previously, these errors crashed the client.
## Version 7.14.2 - April 23, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Firestore now rejects write operations if they cannot be persisted in IndexedDB. Previously, these errors crashed the client.
* Fixed a source of IndexedDB-related crashes for tabs that receive multi-tab notifications while the file system is locked.
### FCM
* Changed to compare hostname instead of the entire URL to decide if there is a matching window client. See GitHub issue #390.
## Version 7.14.1 - April 16, 2020
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed an issue that occurred when users tried to retrieve data from multiple Cloud Storage instances.
### Authentication
* Fixed an bug that occurred when users set persistence to `LOCAL` in a worker environment. See GitHub issue #2903.
## Version 7.14.0 - April 9, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Replaced `grpc` with `@grpc/grpc-js` in the Node.js builds. As a result, the minimum supported NodeJS version is now `8.13.0`.
### Realtime Database
* Added `ServerValue.increment()` to support atomic field value increments without transactions.
### Performance Monitoring
* Updated internal performance event transport mechanism.
## Version 7.13.2 - April 2, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression introduced by a crypto change in 7.13.0 that breaks Firestore in IE 11. See GitHub issue #2827.
* Fixed an issue that causes excessive reads in large changesets over slow connections. See GitHub issue #2683.
* Fixed an issue causing `WriteBatch.commit()` to resolve one loop later than `.set` and `.update`. See GitHub issue #2822.
### FCM
* Fixed an issue introduced in 7.7.0, when FCM switched to provide base64-encoded VAPID keys to PushManager for push subscription. For backward compatibility, the SDK has switched back to using VAPID keys in type ArrayBuffer. See Github issue #2712.
## Version 7.13.1 - March 27, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Removed a dangling comma in package.json.
## Version 7.13.0 - March 26, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a memory-only `firestore` build. Instead of persisting data in the `IndexedDB`, it keeps it in memory. This build is about 14% smaller than the full featured build because it doesn't have `IndexedDB` related code. If you don't care about persisting data across sessions, or your code runs in environments that don't support `IndexedDB`, use this build to reduce your application size. It is available under a special import path. You can import it this way:
import * as firebase from 'firebase/app';
import 'firebase/firestore/memory';
// Don't change the format for any other products.
import 'firebase/auth';
// etc.
Or if using the CDN:
<script src="https://www.gstatic.com/firebasejs/7.13.0/firebase-app.js"></script>
<script src="https://www.gstatic.com/firebasejs/7.13.0/firebase-firestore.memory.js"></script>
<!-- Don't change the format for any other products. -->
<script src="https://www.gstatic.com/firebasejs/7.13.0/firebase-auth.js"></script>
<!-- etc. -->
### Analytics
* Added convenient enums and function overloads to support enhanced ecommerce events.
## Version 7.12.0 - March 19, 2020
* Added two methods for logging:
* `firebase.setLogLevel()`, which sets the level above which Firebase log messages will be shown.
* `firebase.onLog()`, which adds a user-specified callback run on each log event. The callback has access to log level, message, and name of the package (e.g. "@firebase/firestore") that generated the log message.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where the number value `-0.0` would lose its sign when stored in Cloud Firestore.
## Version 7.11.0 - March 12, 2020
### Authentication
* Added multi-factor authentication support for Google Cloud Identity Platform projects.
## Version 7.10.0 - March 5, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Implemented `Timestamp.valueOf()` so that `Timestamp` objects can be compared for relative ordering using the JavaScript arithmetic comparison operators. Fixes GitHub issue #2632.
## Version 7.9.3 - February 28, 2020
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed an issue introduced in 7.9.2 where Cloud Storage could throw a CORS error (GitHub issue).
## Version 7.9.2 - February 27, 2020
Caution: This build introduced a regression where Cloud Storage could throw a
CORS error (GitHub issue). Please upgrade to 7.9.3 or later.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where `OnlineState` value was mangled and was not being parsed correctly.
## Version 7.9.1 - February 21, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue introduced in 7.9.0 where minified Cloud Firestore Node and CJS bundles do not work.
## Version 7.9.0 - February 20, 2020
Caution: This build introduced a regression where Node and CJS bundles for
Cloud Firestore do not work. Please upgrade to 7.9.1 or later.
### Cloud Firestore
* The minified version of the Cloud Firestore library, added as an experimental option in 7.8.0, is now the default Cloud Firestore bundle. The steps listed in the 7.8.0 release notes are no longer necessary to get the minified bundle. This minification currently reduces the total bundle size by approximately 15% as of this build.
* Fixed an issue where auth credentials were not respected in Cordova environments. See Github issue #2626.
* Fixed a performance regression introduced by the addition of `Query.limitToLast(n: number)` in Firestore 1.7.0 (Firebase 7.3.0). See Github issue #2620.
### FCM
* Fix an issue where service workers do not reliably update after upgrading to a new version of Firebase. See Github issue #2590.
## Version 7.8.2 - February 13, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where `CollectionReference.add()` would reject custom types when using `withConverter()`. Github issue #2606.
## Version 7.8.1 - February 6, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Fix a bug causing intermittent errors when the same app is open in multiple tabs. Addresses Github issue #2555.
## Version 7.8.0 - January 30, 2020
Caution: The minified bundle is no longer provided as a separate file starting
with 7.9.0, but replaces the default bundle. These instructions are not needed
to import the minified bundle in versions 7.9.0 and above.
### Cloud Firestore
* Experimental: Added an alternative minified import for the `firestore` package. Users who want to try this experimental import can do it this way:
import * as firebase from 'firebase/app';
import '@firebase/firestore/dist/index.cjs.min';
// Don't change the format for any other products.
import 'firebase/auth';
// etc.
Or if using the CDN:
<script src="https://www.gstatic.com/firebasejs/7.8.0/firebase-app.js"></script>
<script src="https://www.gstatic.com/firebasejs/7.8.0/firebase-firestore.min.js"></script>
<!-- Don't change the format for any other products. -->
<script src="https://www.gstatic.com/firebasejs/7.8.0/firebase-auth.js"></script>
<!-- etc. -->
## Version 7.7.0 - January 16, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where auth credentials were not respected in some Firefox or Chrome extensions. See Github issue #1491.
* Firestore previously required that every document read in a transaction must also be written. This requirement has been removed, and you can now read a document in a transaction without writing to it.
### Performance Monitoring
* Updated internal transport protocol from proto2 to proto3.
### Authentication
* Added missing constructor for `SAMLAuthProvider` type.
## Version 7.6.2 - January 9, 2020
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Fixed a bug causing notification permissions requests to pop up when using `functions.httpsCallable()`.
### Realtime Database
* Reverted a change causing slow update performance as reported in Github issue #2487.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where auth credentials were not respected in certain browser environments (Electron 7, IE11 in trusted zone, UWP apps). Addresses Github issue #1491.
## Version 7.6.1 - December 18, 2019
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an internal typing issue where the library `firebase-admin`, which depends on `@firebase/database`, failed to compile.
## Version 7.6.0 - December 12, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Added support for storing and retrieving custom types in Cloud Firestore. Added support for strongly typed collections, documents, and queries. You can now use `withConverter()` to supply a custom data converter that will convert between Cloud Firestore data and your custom type.
* Added a stronger environment check that specifically checks for the existence of `process.env`. Addresses Github issue #2404.
### FCM
* `getToken()` now automatically requests notification permission if permission was set to "default".
* Temporarily suppressing errors occurring on reset of notifications permissions, pending a backend solution. Addresses Github issue #2364.
### Testing SDK
* Fixed a bug where Testing SDK was unable to connect to the Cloud Firestore emulator. Addresses Github issue #2417.
## Version 7.5.2 - December 6, 2019
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue introduced in 7.5.1 where `@firebase/component` is not listed as a dependency. It caused "Cannot find module `@firebase/component`" in the `firebase-admin` package, which depends on Realtime Database.
## Version 7.5.1 - December 5, 2019
* Fixed an issue where typing `undefined` in the IDE prompts to auto-import it from the firebase package. Addresses #2203 (GitHub link). Thanks camsjams for the contribution!
* Fixed a bug where RxFire's `objectVal` will return an empty object if the result of `snapshot.val()` is not an object.
### Remote Config
* Fixed a bug where the promises returned by `fetch()` and `fetchAndActivate()` were not rejected with errors caused by `indexeddb` operations. You can now handle these errors in the error handler of the returned promise.
## Version 7.5.0 - November 21, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Improved the performance of repeatedly executed queries when persistence is enabled. Recently executed queries should see dramatic improvements. This benefit is reduced if changes accumulate while the query is inactive. Queries that use the `limit()` API may not always benefit, depending on the accumulated changes.
## Version 7.4.0 - November 14, 2019
### Authentication
* Added nonce support for sign-in with OIDC ID token credentials.
* Added the OAuth sign-in support for apps served from origins with the `ionic://` scheme for latest Ionic framework.
### Analytics
* Fixed a bug where Analytics did not work with Google Tag Manager on the same page.
### Cloud Firestore
* The `in` query operator now accepts nested arrays.
## Version 7.3.0 - November 7, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Added `in` and `array-contains-any` query operators for use with `.where()`. The `in` operator finds documents where a specified field’s value is in a specified array. The `array-contains-any` operator finds documents where a specified field is an array and contains any element of a specified array.
* Added `Query.limitToLast(n: number)` which returns the last `n` documents as the result.
## Version 7.2.3 - October 31, 2019
* Improved error handling in installations calls.
### Cloud Firestore
* The client can now recover if certain periodic IndexedDB operations fail. Addresses #2232 (GitHub link).
### Analytics
* Added missing overload signatures for `logEvent` when using standard event names `add_payment_info` and `page_view`.
## Version 7.2.2 - October 24, 2019
* Fixed a change detection bug in rxFire.
* Switched to `ref.isEqual` when comparing documents to support collection groups for Cloud Firestore in rxFire.
### Cloud Firestore
* Improved iOS 13 support by eliminating an additional crash in our IndexedDB persistence layer.
## Version 7.2.1 - October 16, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a crash on iOS 13 that occurred when persistence was enabled in a background tab.
* Fixed an issue in the interaction with the Firestore Emulator that caused requests with timestamps to fail.
## Version 7.2.0 - October 10, 2019
* The `Installations.getToken()` method now accept an optional `forceRefresh` parameter.
### Remote Config
* Corrected the path of the `main` script in `package.json` file.
## Version 7.1.0 - October 3, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a `Firestore.onSnapshotsInSync()` method that notifies you when all your snapshot listeners are in sync with each other.
* Fixed a regression that caused queries with nested field filters to crash the client if the field was not present in the local copy of the document.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue that caused large numeric values with leading zeros to not always be sorted correctly.
### Analytics
* Fixed a bug where `firebase.analytics()` was not available when importing firebase as an all-in-one package.
* The `eventParams` param to `logEvent()` is now optional.
## Version 7.0.0 - September 26, 2019
* Breaking change: For TypeScript users, the required minimal TypeScript version is 2.8.0.
### FCM
* Breaking change: version 7.0.0 introduces a new service related to client app instance registration. If you are currently using FCM for web and want to upgrade to SDK 7.0.0 or later, you must enable the FCM Registration API for your project in the Google Cloud Console.
When you enable this service, make sure you are logged in to Cloud Console
with the same Google account you use for Firebase, and make sure to select the
correct project.
Please also make sure that `projectId`, `apiKey`, `appId` and
`messagingSenderId` are present in your app config. See how to get your app
config object.
No other migration tasks are required; once the API is enabled, pre-7.0.0 apps
will continue to function normally.
New projects adding the FCM SDK have this service enabled by default.
* Version 7.0.0 introduces the targeting of web apps for FCM messages sent from the Notifications composer. You can now target web notification messages by browser type and version as well as operating system. See Send messages with the Firebase Console.
### Analytics
* Added support for Analytics on web apps. See Get started with Google Analytics.
### Remote Config
* Added support for Remote Config on web apps. See Get started with Firebase Remote Config on web.
## Version 6.6.2 - September 19, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression introduced in 6.6.0 where `Document.toString()` throws an error.
## Version 6.6.1 - September 12, 2019
### Realtime Database
* Internal cleanup of code that supports Node.js.
## Version 6.6.0 - September 5, 2019
### Authentication
* Added support for multi-tenancy for Google Cloud Identity Platform developers.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a race condition between authenticating and initializing Firestore that could result in initial writes to the database being dropped.
## Version 6.5.0 - August 23, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a `Firestore.waitForPendingWrites()` method that allows users to wait until all pending writes are acknowledged by the Firestore backend.
* Added a `Firestore.terminate()` method which terminates the instance, releasing any held resources. Once it completes, you can optionally call `Firestore.clearPersistence()` to wipe persisted Firestore data from disk.
## Version 6.4.2 - August 23, 2019
* Changed `fromRef`, 'fromDocRef' and `fromCollectionRef` to accept an `option` parameter in rxFire.
### Performance Monitoring
* Fixed a regression introduced in 6.4.1 where built-in metrics collections threw errors.
## Version 6.4.1 - August 22, 2019
* The SDK no longer throws an error on duplicate service registration. This simplifies cases when multiple components each internally depend on another component and may each try to register it.
### Cloud Firestore
* Transactions now perform exponential backoff before retrying. This means transactions on highly contended documents are more likely to succeed.
### Performance Monitoring
* Performance Monitoring now validates performance metrics and attributes before storing them.
## Version 6.4.0 - August 15, 2019
### Realtime Database
* When parsing the Realtime Database URL, the `ns` URL query parameter will be treated as the default Realtime Database namespace name.
* Fixed an issue that caused `.info/serverTimeOffset` events not to fire.
## Version 6.3.5 - August 8, 2019
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where cached redirect results were not cleared after calling `signOut()` or `getRedirectResult()`.
## Version 6.3.4 - August 1, 2019
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue where multi-byte UTF-8 characters were not written correctly when using `firebase.js` or `firebase-database.js`.
## Version 6.3.3 - July 26, 2019
### Realtime Database
* Fixed a regression introduced in v6.3.2 causing errors when run in a browser environment.
## Version 6.3.2 - July 25, 2019
Caution: SDK version 6.3.2 has a serious issue in Realtime Database API
support. If your app uses Realtime Database, immediately upgrade to 6.3.3 or
higher.
### Realtime Database
* Added an environment variable (`FIREBASE_DATABASE_EMULATOR_HOST`) that allows developers to point the database emulator SDK to a local database emulator instance.
### Performance Monitoring
* The SDK has been updated to better handle errors when the Performance Monitoring library is imported in an environment without a `window` object (such as the server side of an SSR app) or a Performance Monitoring instance is initialized in such an environment.
## Version 6.3.1 - July 18, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Transactions are now more flexible. Some sequences of operations that were previously incorrectly disallowed are now allowed. For example, after reading a document that doesn't exist, you can now set it multiple times successfully in a transaction.
* Fixed an issue where query results were temporarily missing documents that previously had not matched but had been updated to now match the query.
## Version 6.3.0 - July 11, 2019
### Performance Monitoring
* Fixed an issue causing errors during page load in browser environments that don't support IndexedDB (such as when cookies are disabled).
## Version 6.2.4 - June 27, 2019
### Performance Monitoring
* Fixed an issue where Performance Monitoring throws an exception in unsupported environments. Now Performance Monitoring will not initialize in unsupported environments.
## Version 6.2.3 - June 24, 2019
### Authentication
* Fixed a bug causing errors in Node.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue causing some queries to return no results.
## Version 6.2.2 - June 21, 2019
Caution: SDK version 6.2.2 has a serious issue in Firestore API support. If
your app uses Firestore APIs, immediately upgrade to 6.2.3 or higher.
* Reverted change to the way the React Native bundle imports `AsyncStorage` as it was causing errors.
### Cloud Firestore
* Made error messages more informative for `AsyncQueue` errors on iOS.
## Version 6.2.1 - June 20, 2019
* Updated the React Native bundle to first try importing the `AsyncStorage` module from the recommended community package, if available, instead of the now-deprecated version bundled with React Native core.
* Fixed a bug in Firebase's environment check that can cause errors when Firebase is bundled into user code (using tools such as Rollup).
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue causing errors in environments that are missing `window.addEventListener`, such as React Native with Expo.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed an incorrect type on `Reference.put()` params.
## Version 6.2.0 - June 13, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Added `clearPersistence()`, which clears the persistent storage including pending writes and cached documents. This is intended to help write reliable tests.
* Added logging and a custom error message to help users hitting https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=197050 (a bug in iOS 12.2 causing the SDK to potentially crash when persistence is enabled).
## Version 6.1.1 - June 6, 2019
* Did some internal refactoring to improve type safety and documentation generation.
## Version 6.1.0 - May 28, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where an environment check fails in Node.js environments.
### Cloud Storage
* Added the ability to list objects in a bucket.
### Cloud Messaging
* Deprecated `requestPermission()`. Use the native browser API `Notification.requestPermission()` instead.
## Version 6.0.4 - May 23, 2019
* Browser environment check is now able to detect a web worker environment.
* `@firebase/app-types` and `@firebase/util` are now direct dependencies of the main `firebase` package.
### Cloud Firestore
* Cloud Firestore will gracefully fall back to memory persistence when the user is in Firefox Private Browsing.
* Cloud Firestore now recovers more quickly after network connectivity changes (airplane mode, Wi-Fi availability, etc.).
## Version 6.0.2 - May 9, 2019
* Browser environment check now works correctly without throwing an error in non-browser environments.
### Cloud Firestore
* Updated `gRPC` to 1.20.3 to support Node.js 12 and Electron v5.0.
## Version 6.0.1 - May 8, 2019
### Authentication
* Fixed a regression introduced in 6.0.0 that caused code to access a removed property.
## Version 6.0.0 - May 7, 2019
* Breaking change: Removed polyfills in the Firebase package. Now developers must decide which polyfills to include based on the environments they need to support. This ensures only required polyfills are included, reducing application size. See Environment Support.
### Authentication
* Breaking change: Removed previously deprecated APIs.
Removed Replaced by
`signInAndRetrieveDataWithCustomToken` `signInWithCustomToken`
`signInAnonymouslyAndRetrieveData` `signInAnonymously`
`createUserAndRetrieveDataWithEmailAndPassword`
`createUserWithEmailAndPassword`
`signInAndRetrieveDataWithEmailAndPassword` `signInWithEmailAndPassword`
`fetchProvidersForEmail` `fetchSignInMethodsForEmail`
* Breaking change: Updated the return type signature for `signInWithCredential` and `linkWithCredential` to a promise that resolves with a `UserCredential` instead of a `User`.
* Changed `reauthenticateWithCredential` to return a promise that resolves with a `UserCredential`.
* Deprecated the following APIs Deprecated Use instead
`signInAndRetrieveDataWithCredential` `signInWithCredential`
`linkAndRetrieveDataWithCredential` `linkWithCredential`
`reauthenticateAndRetrieveDataWithCredential` `reauthenticateWithCredential`
### Cloud Firestore
* You can now query across all collections in your database with a given collection ID using the `FirebaseFirestore.collectionGroup()` method.
* Deprecated the `experimentalTabSynchronization` setting in favor of `synchronizeTabs`. If you use multi-tab synchronization, it is recommended that you update your call to `enablePersistence()`. Firestore logs an error if you continue to use `experimentalTabSynchronization`.
### Realtime Database
* Breaking change: Improved consistency between the type annotations for `Query.on`/`Reference.on`, `Query.off`/`Reference.off` and `Query.once`/`Reference.once`.
### Performance Monitoring
* This release contains the new Performance Monitoring Client SDK. Visit the Performance Monitoring for Web Getting Started guide.
## Version 5.10.1 - April 25, 2019
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where duplicate auth events could cause errors when using `signInWithPopup()`.
* Fixed an issue where the SDK could fail to detect that it is in a service worker environment.
* Added an error message that appears when the client attempts to perform an admin-only operation.
### Cloud Firestore
* Enabled the SDK to recognize older versions of iOS Safari and Android when checking if persistence can be enabled.
## Version 5.10.0 - April 18, 2019
### Authentication
* Added serialization and deserialization methods to AuthCredential classes.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added an `experimentalForceLongPolling` setting that can be used to work around proxies that prevent the Firestore client from connecting to the Firestore backend.
## Version 5.9.4 - April 11, 2019
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed an incorrect type definition in `UploadTask.on()` params.
## Version 5.9.3 - April 4, 2019
### Cloud Messaging
* Refactored to use const enum for `ErrorCode`.
## Version 5.9.2 - Mar 28, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a missing type definition for `firestore.FieldValue.increment`.
## Version 5.9.1 - Mar 21, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Increased a connection timeout that could lead to large writes perpetually retrying without ever succeeding.
* Fixed an issue where transactions in a NodeJS app could be sent without auth credentials, leading to Permission Denied errors.
* Fixed an issue with IndexedDb persistence that triggered an internal assert for Queries that use nested `DocumentReferences` in `where()` clauses.
## Version 5.9.0 - Mar 14, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Added `FieldValue.increment()`, which can be used in `update()` and `set(..., {merge:true})` to increment or decrement numeric field values safely without transactions.
* Prepared the persistence layer to support collection group queries. While this feature is not yet available, all schema changes are included in this release. Once you upgrade, you will not be able to use an older version of the Firestore SDK with persistence enabled.
### FCM
* The SDK now does not send messages to Chrome Extension background pages, which previously caused notifications not to display.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed an incorrect type definition.
## Version 5.8.6 - Mar 7, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Improved performance when querying over documents that contain subcollections.
## Version 5.8.5 - Mar 1, 2019
* Added a warning that appears in the console at runtime if a Firebase browser bundle is loaded in a node environment.
### Authentication
* Added `OAuthCredential` type as an exposed type.
* Fixed `updateProfile()` so each property passed to it is optional.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Added timeouts and ability to customize them to `HttpsCallables`.
## Version 5.8.4 - Feb 21, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an uncaught promise error occurring when `enablePersistence()` was called in a second tab.
### Testing SDK
* Made rulesets that don't compile throw errors.
## Version 5.8.3 - Feb 14, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Improved error handling for `endAt` queries.
## Version 5.8.2 - Jan 31, 2019
* Added a missing file to the files array in package.json.
* Fixed some errors in the documentation.
## Version 5.8.1 - Jan 24, 2019
* Added the missing depenedency to auth-types and storage-types packages.
### Testing SDK
* Added `clearFirestoreData()` to delete data between tests.
## Version 5.8.0 - Jan 17, 2019
* Added a type definition file for all firebase components, so that they work with TypeScript with dynamic import.
### Cloud Firestore
* BREAKING: The `timestampsInSnapshots` setting is now enabled by default. Now, timestamp fields read from a `DocumentSnapshot` will be returned as `Timestamp` objects instead of `Date`. Any code expecting to receive a `Date` object must be updated.
* Fixed a crash that could happen when the app is shut down after a write has been sent to the server but before it has been received on a listener.
## Version 5.7.2 - Jan 10, 2019
* Fixed a packaging issue where some external dependencies were included in the Firebase package.
* Added syntax highlights to the README file.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression introduced in 5.7.0 that caused apps using experimentalTabSynchronization to hit an exception for "Failed to obtain primary lease for action 'Collect garbage'".
## Version 5.7.1 - Dec 20, 2018
### Authentication
* Added SAML providers and exposed the API to enable OIDC providers.
* Changed the email validation logic to allow international email addresses.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a custom error for schema downgrades.
## Version 5.7.0 - Dec 6, 2018
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a garbage collection process to on-disk persistence that removes older documents. This is enabled automatically if persistence is enabled, and the SDK will attempt to periodically clean up older, unused documents once the on-disk cache passes a threshold size (default: 40 MB). This threshold can be configured by changing the setting `cacheSizeBytes` in the settings passed to `Firestore.settings()`. It must be set to a minimum of 1 MB. The garbage collection process can be disabled entirely by setting `cacheSizeBytes` to `CACHE_SIZE_UNLIMITED`.
* Updated gRPC version to support Node 11.
## Version 5.6.0 - Nov 29, 2018
### Authentication
* Added the ability to customize the dynamic link domain for email actions.
## Version 5.5.9 - Nov 20, 2018
* Updated mocha to version 5.2.0.
* Corrected syntax errors for Realtime Database example in rxFire documentation.
### Cloud Firestore
* Capped the amount of exponential backoff gRPC will use for reconnection attempts to 100ms.
## Version 5.5.8 - Nov 8, 2018
### Authentication
* Added a source map to faciliate easy debugging.
## Version 5.5.7 - Nov 1, 2018
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Added the type definition for the `useFunctionsEmulator` method in the Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK.
## Version 5.5.6 - Oct 25, 2018
* Changed to distribute component libraries in UMD format from the CDN.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where the library is not compatible with IE 11.
## Version 5.5.5 - Oct 18, 2018
* Updated documentation to include examples for typescript and native es6 module in Node.js environment.
* Fixed the import path for Authentication in rxFire documentation.
## Version 5.5.4 - Oct 11, 2018
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where the `this` variable was changed to undefined incorrectly.
### Cloud Firestore
* Removed fallback based on `eval()` for JSON parsing, allowing SDK to be used in environments that prohibit `eval()`.
## Version 5.5.3 - Oct 4, 2018
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue that prevented query synchronization between multiple tabs.
* Start tracking document usage in preparation for LRU Garbage Collection.
## Version 5.5.2 - Sep 27, 2018
* Fixed a browser compatibility issue with Safari 9 when loading individual components using the CDN.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where native ES6 module loading was not working.
### Authentication
* Added a new phone auth error message for malformed or mismatching credentials.
## Version 5.5.1 - Sep 19, 2018
* Updated the dependency version for the closure compiler, so it works with Java 10.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where typings are created in the wrong location.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue where typings are created in the wrong location.
## Version 5.5.0 - Sep 12, 2018
* Fixed an issue where typings for the firebase package were referenced incorrectly.
### Cloud Firestore
* Access to offline persistence is no longer limited to a single tab. You can opt into this new experimental mode by invoking `enablePersistence()` with `{experimentalTabSynchronization: true}`. All tabs accessing persistence must use the same setting for this flag.
* Fixed an issue where the first `get()` call made after being offline could incorrectly return cached data without attempting to reach the backend.
* Changed `get()` to only make 1 attempt to reach the backend before returning cached data, potentially reducing delays while offline. Previously it would make 2 attempts, to work around a backend bug.
* Fixed an issue that caused us to drop empty objects from calls to `set(..., { merge: true })`.
* Improved argument validation for several API methods.
* Changed the internal handling for locally updated documents that haven't yet been read back from Cloud Firestore. This can lead to slight behavior changes and may affect the `SnapshotMetadata.hasPendingWrites` metadata flag.
* Eliminated superfluous update events for locally cached documents that are known to lag behind the server version. Instead, we buffer these events until the client has caught up with the server.
## Version 5.4.2 - August 30, 2018
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where the `navigator` global was unavailable in some environments.
## Version 5.4.1 - August 23, 2018
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression that prevented use of Cloud Firestore on ReactNative's Expo platform (#1138).
### Authentication
* Fixed an isssue in the IndexedDB implementation that was slow for some browsers.
* Fixed a memory leak in the IndexedDB implementation.
## Version 5.4.0 - August 16, 2018
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed `get({source: 'cache'})` to be able to return nonexistent documents from cache.
* Prepared the persistence layer to allow shared access from multiple tabs. While this feature is not yet available, all schema changes are included in this release. Once you upgrade, you will not be able to use an older version of the Firestore SDK with persistence enabled.
* Fixed an issue where changes to custom authentication claims did not take effect until you did a full sign-out and sign-in. (firebase/firebase-ios-sdk#1499)
## Version 5.3.1 - August 3, 2018
### Cloud Firestore
* Improved how Firestore handles idle queries to reduce the cost of re-listening within 30 minutes.
* Improved offline performance with many outstanding writes.
## Version 5.3.0 - July 19, 2018
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where redirect results were being handled incorrectly for deleted Auth instances.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where queries returned fewer results than they should, caused by documents that were cached as deleted when they should not have been (firebase/firebase-ios-sdk#1548). Because some cache data is cleared, clients might use extra bandwidth the first time they launch with this version of the SDK.
* Added `firebase.firestore.FieldValue.arrayUnion()` and `firebase.firestore.FieldValue.arrayRemove()` to atomically add and remove elements from an array field in a document.
* Added `'array-contains'` query operator for use with `.where()` to find documents where an array field contains a specific element.
## Version 5.2.0 - June 28, 2018
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Added a method that allows the Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK to use a local Functions Emulator.
* Added support for specifying a region for a given function.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue that caused database to not work on IE 11.
## Version 5.1.0 - June 21, 2018
* Fixed an issue with the typings where the firebase namespace wasn't being exported.
### Authentication
* Added an ES Module export of Firebase Auth
* Fixed an issue with the IndexedDB fallback logic
## Version 5.0.4 - May 24, 2018
* Update the README.md files for our scoped packages on NPM (i.e. `@firebase/app`, `@firebase/auth`, `@firebase/database`, etc) to properly reflect the officially supported API.
### FCM
* Fixed an issue where VAPID keys weren't being handled correctly.
### Cloud Firestore
* Improved the messaging when unable to connect to the backend servers.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed the typings for `forEach` and `forEachChild` to properly support all valid return types.
## Version 5.0.3 - May 17, 2018
* Fixed a regression that was causing the `import * as firebase from 'firebase';` syntax to fail.
### FCM
* Fixed an issue where the messaging types were inconsistent with our documentation.
### Cloud Firestore
* Updated our GRPC dependency which fixed an issue some users had during `npm install`.
## Version 5.0.2 - May 10, 2018
* Fixed an issue where some of the nested imports (e.g. `firebase/app`) weren't exposing the proper types.
### FCM
* Changed a behavior where, if a VAPID key did not exist, an error was thrown.
## Version 5.0.1 - May 8, 2018
* Fixed an issue with our typings that was preventing Typescript apps from compiling.
## Version 5.0.0 - May 8, 2018
* Refactored the top-level Firebase entrypoints (e.g. `import firebase from 'firebase';`) to additionally include the Firestore and Functions components which were previously excluded by default. Developers using these bundles will find a warning in the browser console instructing them how to include only the components they are using, which will improve the performance of their applications.
### Authentication
* Exposes the new `Auth.settings.appVerificationDisabledForTesting` flag for disabling reCAPTCHA app verification used for phone authentication integration testing with whitelisted phone numbers.
* Exposes the new `Auth.updateCurrentUser` API for copying `firebase.User` objects between Firebase apps.
* Updated the return type signature for `signInWithEmailAndPassword`, `signInWithCustomToken`, `signInAnonymously` and `createUserWithEmailAndPassword` to return a promise that resolves with a `UserCredential` instead of a user.
* Removed `getToken` API in favor of `getIdToken` and `getIdTokenResult`.
* Deprecated `signInWithCredential`, `linkWithCredential`, `reauthenticateWithCredential` and `fetchProvidersForEmail` in favor of `signInAndRetrieveDataWithCredential`, `linkAndRetrieveDataWithCredential`, `reauthenticateAndRetrieveDataWithCredential` and `fetchSignInMethodsForEmail`.
* Improved detection of external auth state changes for synchronizing Auth state between different windows.
### Realtime Database
* Removed the private `path` property from `firebase.database.Reference`.
### Cloud Firestore
* Merged the `includeQueryMetadataChanges` and `includeDocumentMetadataChanges` options passed to `Query.onSnapshot()` into a single `includeMetadataChanges` option.
* `QuerySnapshot.docChanges()` is now a method that optionally takes an `includeMetadataChanges` option. By default, even when listening to a query with `{ includeMetadataChanges:true }`, metadata-only document changes are suppressed in `docChanges()`.
* Added new `{ mergeFields: (string|FieldPath)[] }` option to `set()` which allows merging of a reduced subset of fields.
### Cloud Storage
* Removed the previously deprecated `FullMetadata.downloadURLs` and `UploadTaskSnapshot.downloadURL` properties.
## Version 4.13.0 - April 19, 2018
* Added support for an alternate `initializeApp` syntax, to facilitate additional config options.
* Fixed the version of our `devDependencies` throughout the SDK to ensure that build/test changes are picked up in future releases.
* Refactored to use core-js for our Polyfills/Shims.
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where `navigator.onLine` sometimes errantly reports `false`.
* Fixed an issue where Firefox multi-tab/private mode browsing threw errors with our IndexedDB implementation.
* Exposes the new `getIdTokenResult` API for `firebase.User` objects.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a new `Timestamp` class to represent timestamp fields, currently supporting up to microsecond precision. It can be passed to API methods anywhere a JS Date object is currently accepted. To make `DocumentSnapshot`s read timestamp fields back as `Timestamp`s instead of Dates, you can set the newly added flag `timestampsInSnapshots` in `FirestoreSettings` to `true`. Note that the current behavior (`DocumentSnapshot`s returning JS Date objects) will be removed in a future release. `Timestamp` supports higher precision than JS Date.
* Added ability to control whether `DocumentReference.get()` and `Query.get()` should fetch from server only, (by passing `{ source: 'server' }`), cache only (by passing `{ source: 'cache' }`), or attempt server and fall back to the cache (which was the only option previously, and is now the default).
### FCM
* Fixed an issue where `getToken` was throwing errors in Worker environments.
* General cleanup and hardening of the entire messaging codebase. added Typescript types, additional tests, etc.
### Cloud Storage
* Deprecated the `FullMetadata.downloadURLs` and `UploadTaskSnapshot.downloadURL` properties in favor of `Reference.getDownloadURL()`
## Version 4.12.1 - March 29, 2018
* Fixed an issue where Typescript would throw errors due to duplicate symbols.
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where several of the new APIs were missing from the firebase package typings.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression in the Firebase JS release 4.11.0 that could cause get() requests made while offline to be delayed by up to 10 seconds (rather than returning from cache immediately).
* Fixed an issue where some NPM users were seeing large performance degradations on Edge.
* Fixed an issue where several APIs were missing from the firebase package typings.
### FCM
* Improved error messaging around the `useServiceWorker` function to better communicate the intended use case.
## Version 4.12.0 - March 20, 2018
### Authentication
* Added several APIs to support the new passwordless email sign in feature.
* `fetchSignInMethodsForEmail`
* `isSignInWithEmailLink`
* `sendSignInLinkToEmail`
* `signInWithEmailLink`
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
This release contains the new Firebase Functions Client SDK, with support for
HTTPS Callable Functions. See Call Functions from Your App.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression in the Firebase JS release 4.11.0 that could cause a crash if a user signs out while the client is offline, resulting in an error of "Attempted to schedule multiple operations with timer id listen_stream_connection_backoff".
## Version 4.11.0 - March 8, 2018
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue where certain browser APIs weren't available in IE 11.
* Added the ability to create a new reference from an existing database reference.
### Cloud Firestore
* If the SDK's attempt to connect to the Cloud Firestore backend doesn't succeed or fails within 10 seconds, the SDK will consider itself "offline", causing get() calls to resolve with cached results, rather than continuing to wait.
## Version 4.10.1 - February 22, 2018
* Did some internal refactoring to support the use of modern typescript APIs across the codebase (thanks merlinnot for the PR!)
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue where users were unintentionally receiving an "Invalid query string" warning (see this issue).
### FCM
* Fixed an issue where some users received duplicate notifications.
* Fixed an issue with a missing API in the typings.
## Version 4.10.0 - February 15, 2018
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where Microsoft Edge users were seeing slow response times.
### Realtime Database
* Allow users passing custom database URLs, to set the namespace via the `ns` query parameter.
### FCM
* Added the `usePublicVapidKey` API to facilitate custom server application key usage.
## Version 4.9.1 - February 1, 2018
* Fixed an issue where ES6 wildcard imports were breaking Closure Compiler (thanks @Doehl for the PR!)
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue with universal link subscriptions when multiple listeners are registered.
### Realtime Database
* Allow users to set the database URL to a localhost value (thanks @rynobax for the PR!)
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression in Firebase JS release 4.9.0 that could in certain cases result in an "OnlineState should not affect limbo documents." assertion crash when the client loses its network connection.
## Version 4.9.0 - January 18, 2018
* Snapshot listeners (with the `includeMetadataChanges` option enabled) now receive an event with `snapshot.metadata.fromCache` set to `true` if the SDK loses its connection to the backend. A new event with `snapshot.metadata.fromCache` set to false will be raised once the connection is restored and the query is in sync with the backend again.
* Added `SnapshotOptions` API to control how DocumentSnapshots return unresolved server timestamps.
* Added `disableNetwork()` and `enableNetwork()` methods to `Firestore` class, allowing for explicit network management.
* For non-existing documents, `DocumentSnapshot.data()` now returns `undefined` instead of throwing an exception. A new `QueryDocumentSnapshot` class is introduced for Queries to reduce the number of undefined-checks in your code.
* Added `isEqual` API to `GeoPoint`, `Blob`, `SnapshotMetadata`, `DocumentSnapshot`, `QuerySnapshot`, `CollectionReference`, `FieldValue` and `FieldPath`.
* A "Could not reach Firestore backend." message will be logged when the initial connection to the Firestore backend fails.
* A "Using maximum backoff delay to prevent overloading the backend." message will be logged when we get a resource-exhausted error from the backend.
## Version 4.8.2 - January 11, 2018
* Fixed some regressions that were introduced in the typings refactor from the last release.
* Added the missing "author" field to the package.json files of each of the NPM packages.
## Version 4.8.1 - December 18, 2017
* Refactored the typings setup across the SDK.
### Cloud Firestore
* A "Could not reach Firestore backend." message will be logged when the initial connection to the Firestore backend fails.
* A "Using maximum backoff delay to prevent overloading the backend." message will be logged when we get a resource-exhausted error from the backend.
## Version 4.8.0 - December 7, 2017
### Authentication
* Added new APIs `firebase.auth.Auth.prototype.createUserAndRetrieveDataWithEmailAndPassword`, `firebase.auth.Auth.prototype.signInAndRetrieveDataWithCustomToken`, `firebase.auth.Auth.prototype.signInAndRetrieveDataWithEmailAndPassword` and `firebase.auth.Auth.prototype.signInAnonymouslyAndRetrieveData` which function the same as their counterparts but return a promise that resolves with a `firebase.auth.UserCredential` instead of a `firebase.User`. These methods will be eventually renamed to replace the older methods.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue with the Firestore webchannel integration that prevented use of firestore in worker environments.
## Version 4.7.0 - November 30, 2017
### Cloud Firestore
* Added Node.js support for Cloud Firestore (with the exception of offline persistence).
* Refactor Webchannel integration to avoid extra CORS preflight requests.
## Version 4.6.2 - November 9, 2017
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where `localStorage` errors were not being caught properly.
* Return auth/user-disabled instead of auth/internal-error when signing in with an OAuth provider using a disabled account.
### Cloud Firestore
* Network streams are automatically closed after 60 seconds of idleness.
* We no longer log 'RPC failed' messages for expected failures.
* Fixed an "Image is not defined" error when using Cloud Firestore from React Native.
## Version 4.6.1 - November 2, 2017
* Updated dependency versions across the different sub packages.
### Authentication
* Released the Open Source auth codebase.
* Automatically resets the reCAPTCHA after the phone authentication flow is triggered to prevent the same reCAPTCHA token from being sent in subsequent calls.
## Version 4.6.0 - October 19, 2017
### Authentication
* Added `firebase.User.prototype.metadata` which includes information about user creation time and last sign in time.
* Added the `isNewUser` property to `firebase.auth.AdditionalUserInfo`, which is returned by sign in methods to indicate whether a user is a new or returning user.
* Fixed a `TypeError` thrown after manually clearing localStorage
### Realtime Database
* Fixed a regression introduced in version `4.5.1` where authenticated user info was not properly being passed to the server, causing reads and writes to fail with `permission_denied` errors.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed the validation of nested arrays to allow indirect nesting.
* We now support `FieldValue.delete()` sentinels in `set()` calls with `{merge:true}`.
## Version 4.5.2 - October 16, 2017
* Fixed an issue where the "react-native" property was missing from the firebase package.json.
* Fixed an issue where `firebase.SDK_VERSION` was returning the placeholder string.
## Version 4.5.1 - October 12, 2017
* Refactored the internal module structure to make our package more modular and easier to maintain.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue causing exceptions when trying to use `firebase.firestore.FieldPath.documentId()` in an `orderBy()` or `where()` clause in a query.
## Version 4.5.0 - October 2, 2017
* Added support for Cloud Firestore. For more information, see the following resources::
* Blog post
* Web getting started guide
* Reference Documentation
## Version 4.4.0 - September 21, 2017
### Authentication
* Fixed some issues with null initialization of several classes in the externs files.
### Realtime Database
* Added multi-resource support to the database SDK.
## Version 4.3.1 - September 7, 2017
### Authentication
* Fixed issue with typings for features released in 4.3.0
## Version 4.3.0 - August 17, 2017
### Authentication
* Added client side localization for email actions (password reset, email verification, etc), phone authentication SMS messages, OAuth flows and reCAPTCHA verification.
* Added the ability to pass a continue URL/state when triggering a password reset/email verification which gives a user the ability to go back to the app after completion. In addition, added support for the ability to open these links directly from a mobile app instead of a web flow using Firebase Dynamic Links. See the docs for more information.
* Fixed issue with IE10 state synchronization across tabs
## Version 4.2.0 - July 27, 2017
### Authentication
* Added ability to configure state persistence. See the docs for more information.
* Added missing `phoneNumber` property on `provideData` objects.
* Fixed temporary error message when opening a popup for sign-in, prominent in some IE browsers.
* Refactored to not use `navigator.onLine` for offline detection in Cordova environments.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue where database references were missing a `toJSON` method.
## Version 4.1.5 - July 25, 2017
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where authenticated realtime database access wasn't possible.
## Version 4.1.4 - July 24, 2017
* Bundle size improvements for `firebase-app.js`, `firebase-storage.js`, `firebase-messaging.js`.
### Realtime Database
* Refactored internal implementation to TypeScript.
## Version 4.1.3 - June 21, 2017
* Fixed an issue where certain app names were invalid
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue with the PhoneAuthProvider typings
* Fixed an issue where network errors from `signInWithRedirect` were cached even after the network connection stabilized.
* Fixed an issue where Cordova OAuth redirects in iOS apps were failing due iOS bundle ID case sensitive checks.
## Version 4.1.2 - June 6, 2017
* Fixed an issue where sourcemaps weren't pointing to the actual Typescript source code.
* Fixed an issue where `FirebaseAppImpl.prototype` was being incorrectly patched.
* Fixed an issue where loading the SDK from our CDN, while also providing a chunked webpack build, was duplicating the `webpackJsonp` namespace.
## Version 4.1.1 - May 31, 2017
* Fixed an issue where the default storage bucket was not being initialized correctly.
## Version 4.1.0 - May 30, 2017
* Allow for lazy initialization of Firebase components (i.e. Authentication, Realtime Database, Cloud Storage, FCM).
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where the SDK could trigger an infinite loop when loaded in an iFrame on Safari.
## Version 4.0.0 - May 17, 2017
### Authentication for Servers
* Removed support for deprecated `serviceAccount` and `credential` properties from the Node.js SDK. If you were previously using the Firebase JavaScript SDK to use these properties, use the Firebase Admin Node.js SDK instead.
### Authentication
* Added support for phone number authentication using the following APIs:
* `PhoneAuthProvider`
* `firebase.auth.Auth.prototype.signInWithPhoneNumber`
* `firebase.User.prototype.linkWithPhoneNumber`
* `firebase.User.prototype.reauthenticateWithPhoneNumber`
* Augmented the IdP data (for a list of all supported fields see `firebase.auth.UserCredential`) returned by the following APIs:
* `firebase.auth.Auth.prototype.signInAndRetrieveDataWithCredential`
* `firebase.User.prototype.linkAndRetrieveDataWithCredential`
* `firebase.User.prototype.reauthenticateAndRetrieveDataWithCredential`
* Added the `firebase.auth.Auth.prototype.onIdTokenChanged` method that triggers on ID token changes.
* Fixed an issue where new anonymous users were created on page load instead of returning an existing one.
* Fixed an issue where `firebase.User.prototype.updateProfile` was not triggering an update in password provider data.
* Deprecated `firebase.User.prototype.getToken` in favor of `firebase.User.prototype.getIdToken`.
* BREAKING: `firebase.auth.Auth.prototype.onAuthStateChanged` now triggers on sign in and sign out.
* BREAKING: `firebase.User.prototype.reauthenticate` has been removed in favor of `firebase.User.prototype.reauthenticateWithCredential`.
* BREAKING: `firebase.User.prototype.link` has been removed in favor of `firebase.User.prototype.linkWithCredential`.
* BREAKING: `firebase.AuthCredential.prototype.provider` has been removed in favor of `firebase.AuthCredential.prototype.providerId`.
## Version 3.9.0 - April 25, 2017
### Authentication
* Deprecated `firebase.auth.authCredential.prototype.provider` in favor of the `firebase.auth.AuthCredential.prototype.providerId` property.
* Fixed an issue where Cordova apps were seeing unusual delays in authentication.
## Version 3.8.0 - April 18, 2017
* Provide source maps for firebase-app.js.
### Authentication
* Added new APIs `reauthenticateWithPopup` and `reauthenticateWithRedirect` for reauthenticating with an OAuth provider using a popup or a redirect.
* Added the `operationType` property to the `firebase.auth.UserCredential` object to determine if the result was obtained from a `signIn`, `link` or `reauthenticate` operation.
* Added support for Cordova OAuth sign-in using the `signInWithRedirect`, `linkWithRedirect`, and `reauthenticateWithRedirect` methods.
* Deprecated `firebase.User.prototype.link` in favor of the `firebase.User.prototype.linkWithCredential` method.
* Deprecated `firebase.User.prototype.reauthenticate` in favor of the `firebase.User.prototype.reauthenticateWithCredential` method.
## Version 3.7.8 - April 14, 2017
* Fixed an issue where `npm-shrinkwrap.json` was not being generated correctly.
## Version 3.7.7 - April 14, 2017
* Fixed an issue where undefined symbols caused an error to be thrown in older browsers.
## Version 3.7.6 - April 11, 2017
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where removal of a legacy options object broke older clients.
## Version 3.7.5 - April 4, 2017
### Cloud Storage
* Provide higher-granularity progress updates for object uploads.
## Version 3.7.4 - March 28, 2017
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue where `firebase.database().ref().push()`, would trigger an infinite loop if the returned `.then()` function was called.
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where `firebase.User.reauthenticate()` was creating new users if passed an OAuth credential for a user that didn't exist.
## Version 3.7.3 - March 21, 2017
### Realtime Database
* Fixed error messaging for invalid calls to `Query.equalTo()`.
## Version 3.7.2 - March 14, 2017
* Fixed an issue where some components erroneously allowed creation of multiple instances.
## Version 3.7.1 - March 9, 2017
### Authentication
* Updated `firebase.auth().signInWithPopup()` to work properly in Chrome extensions.
* Improved session handling for prolonged usage of the Realtime Database.
## Version 3.7.0 - March 1, 2017
### Cloud Storage
* Added support for using multiple buckets within Cloud Storage.
## Version 3.6.10 - February 21, 2017
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed an issue where the `catch()` method didn't exist on `UploadTask`.
## Version 3.6.9 - February 7, 2017
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue that broke `firebase.auth().signInWithCredential()` in a browser environment when the current URL has the OAuth 2.0-specific `state` query parameter.
## Version 3.6.8 - January 31, 2017
* Fixed an issue with some module bundlers. The npm (commonjs) modules no longer require a `global` variable to be set explicitly and fallback to `window` or `self` if `global` is not defined.
### Authentication
* Increased authentication timeouts for network requests to handle slow network connections.
* Fixed authentication module Node.js detection to be compatible with browserify.
* Modified `firebase.auth().signInWithPopup()` to work for apps embedded in a sandboxed iframe.
* Fixed the Android Chrome bug for triggering internal-errors in `firebase.auth().signInWithPopup()`
* Fixed an issue that broke `firebase.auth().signInWithCredential()` and `firebase.auth().fetchProvidersForEmail()` in non http/https environments like chrome-extensions.
* Fixed progress bar styling in the OAuth helper for popup/redirect operations.
## Version 3.6.7 - January 24, 2017
* Improved Firebase app errors to return error codes prefixed with `app/` consistent with other Firebase service errors.
## Version 3.6.6 - January 17, 2017
* Fixed support for TypeScript and ES6 imports of individual SDK modules (see the npm package README for more information).
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue on Chrome for iOS where a blank gray screen was being displayed when `signInWithPopup()` does not require additional user interaction (because the user is already signed in and has previously consented to the requested scopes).
## Version 3.6.5 - January 10, 2017
### Cloud Storage
* Improved error messages when invalid metadata is passed to the `put`, `putString`, or `updateMetadata` methods.
## Version 3.6.4 - December 13, 2016
### Realtime Database
* Added the missing `firebase.database.ServerValue.TIMESTAMP` property to the TypeScript type declarations (`firebase.d.ts`).
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed an issue where percent-encoded data in a data URL was not decoded.
### Authentication
* Optimized offline detection to reduce the frequency of network timeouts.
## Version 3.6.3 - December 6, 2016
* Changed the packaging of browser npm modules to fix an issue that occurred when using Cloud Storage with the Browserify and webpack module bundlers.
## Version 3.6.2 - November 29, 2016
* Updated file attributes in the Firebase npm package to be compatible with the Yarn Package Manager.
* Updated the jsonwebtoken version used in the Firebase npm package.
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue that prevented user authentication states from persisting when using Firebase Authentication with React Native versions 0.37 and higher.
## Version 3.6.1 - November 15, 2016
### Cloud Storage
* Reduced the SDK download size.
* Fixed networking issues affecting React Native on Android.
### Authentication
* Added missing definitions for `setCustomParameters()` methods in the firebase.d.ts file for TypeScript users.
## Version 3.6.0 - November 8, 2016
### Authentication for Servers
* SDK authentication with a service account on Node.js, and the corresponding token minting and verification methods, has been deprecated in favor of a new Node.js Admin SDK. To learn more, go to Admin SDK Setup. To see the Node.js Admin API reference, go to Admin SDK API Reference.
### Authentication
* Fixed an incorrect popup blocked error that occurred in the Chrome browser on iOS 7 and 8.
## Version 3.5.3 - November 1, 2016
* Reduced the SDK download size.
### Authentication
* Fixed issues with redirect and pop-up sign-in methods when using browsers that block third-party cookies and site data.
## Version 3.5.2 - October 24, 2016
### Authentication
* Increase the request timeout interval for mobile devices to improve performance on high-latency networks.
## Version 3.5.1 - October 19, 2016
### Cloud Messaging
* Added a check to validate the `gcm_sender_id`.
* Fixed a race condition that occurs when using the Firefox web browser.
## Version 3.5.0 - October 14, 2016
### Authentication
* Added support for custom OAuth parameters using the `GoogleAuthProvider.setCustomParameters()`, `FacebookAuthProvider.setCustomParameters()`, and `GithubAuthProvider.setCustomParameters()` methods.
### Cloud Messaging
* Introduction of Firebase Cloud Messaging for the JavaScript SDK.
## Version 3.4.1 - September 27, 2016
### Realtime Database
* Ensure that the SDK does not prevent Node.js from shutting down the process. Calling `firebase.database().goOffline()` or `firebase.app().delete()` should be sufficient for Node.js to exit now.
* Fixed a bug where the database inadvertently created a global variable on the window object.
* Use of the `update()` method now only cancels transactions that are directly included in the updated paths (not transactions in adjacent paths). For example, an update at `/move` for a child node `walk` will cancel transactions at `/`, `/move`, and `/move/walk` and in any child nodes under `/move/walk`. But, it will no longer cancel transactions at sibling nodes, such as `/move/run`.
### Cloud Storage
* Improved network utilization for file uploads.
## Version 3.4.0 - September 14, 2016
### Realtime Database
* New `Query.isEqual()` method allows for comparing any `Reference` or `Query` for equality.
## Version 3.3.2 - September 8, 2016
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue with `signInWithPopup()` not working with Internet Explorer.
## Version 3.3.1 - September 7, 2016
* Added an error message when attempting to use a service account in non-Node.js environments.
### Authentication
* Fixed backend error messages that were being truncated.
* Fixed an error where user properties were not automatically refreshed on page reload.
* The user's credential and email are now returned when account linking throws the following errors: `auth/credential-already-in-use` and `auth/email-already-in-use`.
* Modified the Facebook login and OAuth grant permissions screen to work better in popup-sized windows.
* This release has an issue with `signInWithPopup()` not working with Internet Explorer. You can continue to use version 3.3.0 or earlier until this is fixed in a future release.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed an issue where `contentType` in custom metadata was being ignored for string-format uploads.
## Version 3.3.0 - August 16, 2016
### Authentication
* Client Authentication APIs are now available in Node.js. When you call `intializeApp()`, pass a `serviceAccount` to use the Authentication for Servers APIs in your app, or pass an `apiKey` to use the client Authentication APIs.
* Network error handling for sign in and link with popup operations.
* Long popup cancellation timeouts.
* When you use `signInWithRedirect`, the `onAuthStateChanged` observer now waits until `getRedirectResult` resolves before triggering. (In older versions, the observer would trigger twice: once when the page loaded, and a second time when `getRedirectResult` resolved.)
### Realtime Database
* A warning is no longer logged if you don't provide an `apiKey` when initializing the SDK and just want to have unauthenticated access to your Realtime Database. Security Rules are still in effect even if you do not provide an `apiKey`.
### Cloud Storage
* Added support for string and base64 encoded uploads (`Reference.put()` and `Reference.putString()`).
## Version 3.2.1 - July 26, 2016
* Typescript 2.0 type definitions added to npm package.
### Authentication
* Fixed issues with Safari private mode.
* More detailed debugging messages for internal errors.
## Version 3.2.0 - July 12, 2016
### Cloud Storage
* `UploadTask` can now be used like a Promise, and resolves with its snapshot data when the upload completes.
### Authentication
* Github login responsiveness.
* Missing display names in profile scope for some Google accounts.
### Authentication for Servers
* Added `uid` to the decoded token returned by `verifyIdToken()`. It is set to the ID token's `sub` (subject) claim.
## Version 3.1.0 - June 28, 2016
### Authentication
* Replace use of browser-specific APIs that were blocking use of React Native from the JavaScript SDK.
* The Node.js SDK now supports unauthenticated access. If no service account is provided, Realtime Database access will be restricted just as any unauthenticated client would be. In this case, certain methods (like creating and verifying tokens) will throw an error.
## Version 3.0.5 - June 14, 2016
### Authentication
* Fixed JSON parsing error when used in Chrome extensions.
* Corrected server URLs used by library when using localhost for debugging.
### Cloud Storage
* Allows use of `"gs://bucket"` instead of `"bucket"` in `storageBucket` config.
## Version 3.0.4 - June 7, 2016
### Realtime Database
* Updated the reference documentation to include more extensive API descriptions and examples.
* Improved Realtime Database authentication-expiration retry logic.
### Authentication
* When using Firebase Web SDK in a non http or https environment (Cordova or Electron apps for instance), instead of raising a confusing error on initialization, it will silently ignore it. It will only throw an `auth/operation-not-supported-in-this-environment` error when trying to use unsupported operations (`signInWithPopup`, `signInWithRedirect`, `linkWithPopup`, `linkWithRedirect` and `getRedirectResult`).
### Cloud Storage
* Generate more specific error message when quota is exceeded.
## Version 3.0.3 - May 24, 2016
### Authentication
* Improved error messages.
### Authentication for Servers
* Global `Promise` object is no longer overwritten.
* Added error message when initializing the Node.js SDK with an invalid service account.
## Version 3.0.2 - May 19, 2016
* Browserify and webpack compatibility.
## Version 3.0.1 - May 18, 2016
* Node.js version 0.10 support.
## Version 3.0.0 - May 18, 2016
* Launch of new APIs and Firebase console.
### Realtime Database
* The way you install and initialize the SDK has changed and several APIs have been renamed. When you decide to upgrade, please see the Web Migration Guide for detail.
* The way you install and initialize the Node.js has also changed. APIs have been renamed and you now authenticate using a service account instead of a secret or custom token. When you choose to upgrade, please see the Database Server SDK Setup Guide and use the Web Migration Guide to help you update your Node.js code to the latest APIs.
### Authentication
* The way you install and initialize the SDK has changed and most APIs have been renamed. When you decide to upgrade, please see the Web Migration Guide for details.
* Node.js server SDK:
* Token minting and verification for Firebase Authentication is now built into the server SDKs themselves instead of in separate token minting libraries.
* All of the existing authentication methods have been removed. Instead, use the `databaseAuthVariableOverride` option (Node.js) or when initializing the SDK. See Installation & Setup for Servers for more details.
* Use the Web Migration Guide or to help you update your Node.js or Java code to the latest APIs.
### Cloud Storage
* Initial release of Cloud Storage. Cloud Storage provides secure file uploads and downloads for your Firebase apps, regardless of network quality. You can use it to store images, audio, video, or other user-generated content. Cloud Storage is backed by Google Cloud Storage, a powerful, simple, and cost-effective object storage service.
## Legacy release notes
Firebase 1.0 and 2.0 JavaScript Changelog
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[{ "type": "thumb-down", "id": "missingTheInformationINeed", "label":"Missing
the information I need" },{ "type": "thumb-down", "id":
"tooComplicatedTooManySteps", "label":"Too complicated / too many steps" },{
"type": "thumb-down", "id": "outOfDate", "label":"Out of date" },{ "type":
"thumb-down", "id": "samplesCodeIssue", "label":"Samples / code issue" },{
"type": "thumb-down", "id": "otherDown", "label":"Other" }] [{ "type":
"thumb-up", "id": "easyToUnderstand", "label":"Easy to understand" },{ "type":
"thumb-up", "id": "solvedMyProblem", "label":"Solved my problem" },{ "type":
"thumb-up", "id": "otherUp", "label":"Other" }] Need to tell us more?
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*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
|
spiderum_text/316 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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* * Apigee
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컬렉션을 사용해 정리하기 내 환경설정을 기준으로 콘텐츠를 저장하고 분류하세요.
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Apigee Integration
# Apigee Integration
기존 데이터와 애플리케이션을 연결하고 쉽게 액세스할 수 있는 API로 표시합니다.
문의하기 문의하기
* 애플리케이션 통합에 대한 API 중심 접근 방식
* 직관적인 드래그 앤 드롭 인터페이스를 사용한 빠른 통합 구성
* 기본 제공되는 모니터링을 사용한 통합 상태 모니터링 및 추적
* 데이터 연결 문제와 관련된 위험 감소
이점
### 새로운 비즈니스 모델 확보
파트너와 개발자에게 유용한 데이터 및 서비스를 API로 제공하여 새로운 디지털 채널과 비즈니스 모델을 확보하세요.
### TTM(time to market) 단축
전체 시스템을 다시 설계할 필요 없이 새 서비스 및 기술을 애플리케이션에 추가할 수 있습니다.
### 개발자 생산성 증가
개발자가 설정된 API 정의를 기반으로 다양한 애플리케이션을 동시에 연결하고 여러 API를 원활하게 빌드할 수 있습니다.
주요 특징
## 주요 특징
### API 관리 및 통합을 위한 통합 솔루션
개발자가 기존 애플리케이션을 연결할 뿐만 아니라 동일한 인터페이스 내에서 API를 빌드 및 관리할 수 있는 통합 솔루션입니다.
### 새로운 연결 패턴 지원
필수 루프, 동시 실행, 데이터 매핑, 조건부 라우팅, 수동 승인, 이벤트 기반 트리거와 같은 사용 사례를 지원하는 복잡한 통합 패턴입니다.
### 기본 제공 커넥터
Salesforce, Cloud SQL(MySQL, PostgreSQL), Pub/Sub, BigQuery 등 다양한 데이터 소스 및
애플리케이션에 대한 사전 빌드된 커넥터 모음을 지원합니다.
### 글로벌 기업 규모를 고려한 설계
Apigee Integration은 Google Cloud의 클라우드 기반 아키텍처 원칙을 기반으로 하여 기업 IT팀에서 신속하게 작업을
확장할 수 있습니다.
ATB Financial
'저희는 Apigee Integration 및 API 관리를 활용해서 ATB Financial의 디지털 환경을 지원하는 데 필요한 많은
데이터 및 애플리케이션을 연결, 보호, 관리하여 API 통합 접근 방식을 지원할 계획입니다.'
이네스 홀만, ATB Financial 기술 전략 및 아키텍처 부문 부사장
새로운 소식
## 새로운 소식
Apigee 리소스 페이지에서 eBook, 백서, 동영상 등을 살펴보세요.
블로그 게시물: API 중심 접근 방식이 애플리케이션 통합에 가장 적합한 이유
블로그 게시물
API 중심 접근 방식이 애플리케이션 통합에 가장 적합한 이유 블로그 읽기
블로그 게시물: Apigee의 API 중심 접근 방식을 활용해 대규모 데이터 통계를 제공한 DueDil
블로그 게시물
Apigee의 API 중심 접근 방식을 활용해 대규모 데이터 통계를 제공한 DueDil 블로그 읽기
블로그 게시물: API 중심\(API-first\)의 정의와 비즈니스 가치를 창출하기 위한 5가지 기회
블로그 게시물
API 중심(API-first)의 정의와 비즈니스 가치를 창출하기 위한 5가지 기회 블로그 읽기
keyboard_arrow_left
keyboard_arrow_right
문서
## 문서
빠른 시작
##### Apigee Integration 및 Apigee 프록시 통합 대상
이 튜토리얼에서는 Apigee X 프록시 마법사를 사용하여 통합 대상으로 프록시를 만드는 방법을 보여줍니다.
자세히 알아보기
Google Cloud 기본사항
##### Apigee Integration 및 Pub/Sub
이 튜토리얼에서는 Apigee Integration 및 Cloud Pub/Sub 트리거를 사용하여 샘플 통합을 만드는 방법을 보여줍니다.
자세히 알아보기
##### 원하는 내용을 찾을 수 없으신가요?
모든 제품 문서 보기
## 문서 더보기
* 이 제품의 사용 방법을 간단히 소개합니다.
* 이 제품으로 특정 작업을 완료하는 방법을 알아봅니다.
* 이 제품의 가이드 및 리소스를 찾아봅니다.
* 이 제품의 API, 참조, 기타 리소스를 살펴봅니다.
출시 노트
Apigee Integration의 최신 출시 소식 읽기
가격 책정
### Apigee Integration 가격 책정
Apigee에서는 API 여정의 어느 단계에 있든 즉, 디지털 혁신 프로그램을 시범 운영하든 본격 운영하든 상관없이, 단순하면서도 유연한
가격 책정 옵션을 제공합니다.
가격 책정 세부정보 보기
### 다음 단계 수행
$300의 무료 크레딧과 20여 개의 항상 무료 제품으로 Google Cloud에서 빌드하세요.
영업팀에 문의
### 다음 단계 수행
다음 프로젝트를 시작하고 대화형 튜토리얼을 살펴보며 계정을 관리하세요.
콘솔로 이동
* 시작하는 데 도움이 필요하신가요?
영업팀에 문의
* 신뢰할 수 있는 파트너 지원
파트너 찾기
* 계속 탐색
모든 제품 보기
* 시작하는 데 도움이 필요하신가요?
영업팀에 문의
* 신뢰할 수 있는 파트너 지원
파트너 찾기
* 도움말과 권장사항 확인
튜토리얼 참조
[{ "type": "thumb-down", "id": "hardToUnderstand", "label":"이해하기 어려움" },{
"type": "thumb-down", "id": "incorrectInformationOrSampleCode", "label":"잘못된
정보 또는 샘플 코드" },{ "type": "thumb-down", "id":
"missingTheInformationSamplesINeed", "label":"필요한 정보/샘플이 없음" },{ "type":
"thumb-down", "id": "translationIssue", "label":"번역 문제" },{ "type": "thumb-
down", "id": "otherDown", "label":"기타" }] [{ "type": "thumb-up", "id":
"easyToUnderstand", "label":"이해하기 쉬움" },{ "type": "thumb-up", "id":
"solvedMyProblem", "label":"문제가 해결됨" },{ "type": "thumb-up", "id": "otherUp",
"label":"기타" }]
* ### Google을 사용해야 하는 이유
* Google Cloud 선택
* 신뢰성 및 보안
* 개방형 클라우드
* 멀티 클라우드
* 글로벌 인프라
* 고객 및 우수사례
* 분석 보고서
* 백서
* 블로그
* ### 제품 및 가격 책정
* Google Cloud 가격 책정
* Google Workspace 가격 책정
* 모든 제품 보기
* ### 솔루션
* 인프라 현대화
* 데이터베이스
* 애플리케이션 현대화
* 스마트 분석
* 인공지능
* 보안
* 생산성 및 작업 방식의 혁신
* 업종별 솔루션
* DevOps 솔루션
* 중소기업용 솔루션
* 모든 솔루션 보기
* ### 리소스
* Google Cloud 문서
* Google Cloud 빠른 시작
* Google Cloud Marketplace
* 클라우드 컴퓨팅 알아보기
* 지원
* 코드 샘플
* 클라우드 아키텍처 센터
* 교육
* 인증
* Google Developers
* 스타트업을 위한 Google Cloud
* 시스템 상태
* 출시 노트
* ### 참여
* 영업팀에 문의
* 파트너 찾기
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* 이벤트
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* Google Cloud 채용 정보
* Google Cloud 커뮤니티
* 쿠키 설정
* Google 정보
* 개인정보처리방침
* 사이트 약관
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* 2007년 이후 탄소 중립
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* English
* Deutsch
* Español
* Español – América Latina
* Français
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* 中文 – 简体
* 中文 – 繁體
* 日本語
* 한국어
*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
|
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*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
|
spiderum_text/4098 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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web-enabled app. We use cookies to operate our services, discover how people
use our services, understand how to make them work better and more. See above
for more examples of how we use cookies.Â
Pixels are small amounts of code placed on a web page, in a web-enabled app,
or an email. We use pixels, some of which we provide to advertisers to place
on their web properties, to learn whether you've interacted with specific web
or email content â as many services do. This helps us measure and improve
our services and personalize your experience, including the ads and content
you see.
We use local storage to save data on your computer or mobile device. We use
data from local storage to turn on web navigation, maintain video player
preferences, customize what we show you based on your past interactions with
our services, remember your preferences, and measure ad effectiveness. We may
also use local storage on other websites, where necessary to provide you
certain features, to obtain information about your visits to those sites.
Why do our services use these technologies?
Â
Cookies, pixels, and local storage work to operate and support our business,
and to help provide you with an improved experience. They're used across the
following categories:
* Authentication and security
* Functionality
* User preferences
* Analytics
* Research and development
* Personalized content
* Advertising
* Marketing
* Personalization across devices
Â
Within each of these categories, cookies, pixels, and local storage help us:
Authentication and security
Authenticate your Twitter access to show you relevant content. They also help
prevent unauthorized parties from accessing your account. We use these
technologies to:
* Log you in to Twitter and our services.
* Help protect your security and the security of our services.
* Let you view content with limited distribution.
* Help us detect and fight spam, abuse, and other activities that break the Twitter Rules.
Functionality
Deliver error messages, allow you to switch between accounts, coordinate our
service across tabs in a browser, and provide certain features on partner
websites.Â
User preferences
Remember information about your browser and your preferences.
Analytics
* Improve and understand how people use our services, including buttons and widgets.
* Optimize your experience by understanding how you interact with our services, like when and how often you use them and what links you visit, and from where. (We may use Google Analytics to help us with this.)Â
* Count the number of people who have seen a particular Tweet, embedded Tweets, buttons, or timeline. Learn more.
Research and development
* Gather data about how you use our services, including how our services perform. This helps us detect issues, understand where we may improve, or develop new products or services.
* Test updates to Twitter services, as well as build new features, functionality, and services.Â
Personalized content
Personalize our services in areas like trends, stories, ads, and suggestions
for people to follow with more relevant content. We also use:
* Local storage to tell us which parts of your Twitter timeline you've viewed already so that we can show you new content.
* Cookies to suggest who you might enjoy following based on your visits to websites with integrated Twitter services.
Advertising
Personalize ads and measure performance, like showing you ads and evaluating
their effectiveness based on your visits to our ad partners' websites. This
helps advertisers provide you with high-quality ads and content that may be
more interesting to you. We'll also:
* Deliver ads, measure their performance, and make them more relevant to you based on criteria, like your activity on Twitter and visits to our ad partners' websites.
* Work with third-party advertising partners, including Google, to market our services.
Marketing
Deliver our email and web marketing campaigns and to understand our marketingÂ
effectiveness.
Personalization across devices
Understand which devices you used so that we can personalize your experience
on all of your devices.
Keep in mind, if you ever log in to Twitter with your device, we associate and
will continue to associate that device with your account. This means whether
or not you're logged in, we'll receive information about your device(s) when
information is shared by a partner, you visit twitter.com or third-party
websites that integrate Twitter services, or you visit a Twitter advertiser's
website or mobile application. Most commonly, IP addresses and the time we
receive the data, are used to link that specific device with you.Â
To see more about the devices and web browsers associated with your Twitter
account, take a look at Your Twitter Data when you're logged in and when
you're logged out of your account.Â
### Where are these technologies used?
### Â
We (along with third parties) use these technologies on Twitter services,
which includes our websites, applications, and services and on other websites,
applications, and services that have integrated Twitter services, including
third-party properties that incorporate our advertising technology. This
includes our ad partnersâ websites and sites that use our embeds, including
embedded timelines. Third parties may also use these technologies, for
example, when you click on links from Twitter services, view or interact with
third-party content in Twitter services, or visit third-party websites that
incorporate our advertising technology.
### What are my privacy options?
Â
We're committed to giving you meaningful privacy options to control or limit
how we, our partners, and other third-parties use cookies and cookie-related
data:
Twitter stores information about other websites where you've seen Twitter
content or accessed our services. For most Twitter features you can adjust
this by going to: Settings and privacy > Privacy and safety > Off-Twitter
activity > Allow use of where you see Twitter content across the web.Â
However, for certain paid subscription features, even if you make this
adjustment we will still store certain information where doing so is necessary
for that feature to work. We will tell you about this storage when you sign up
for these features. Â
If youâve turned this off, or are in the EU, Â Iceland, Liechtenstein,
Norway or Switzerland, we won't store or use these web page visits to improve
your experience in the future. However, if we've previously stored your web
browsing history, we may continue to personalize your experience based on
information we've already learned from that history.
You will always see ads on Twitter based on your Twitter activity. There are a
variety of ways you can adjust the way Twitter uses your data for ads. You can
use the following tools:
* Personalized ads setting in Twitter
Adjust your setting for use of off-Twitter data by going to Settings and
privacy > Privacy and safety > Ads preferences > Personalized ads.
* Interest-based advertising for web
Opt-out in your current browser through the Digital Advertising Alliance's
consumer choice tool at optout.aboutads.info.
* Limit ad tracking for iOS version 13 and earlier
Turn on this setting through your iOS device settings (precise instructions
vary by version).Â
* Ads personalization for Android
Opt out through your device settings (precise instructions vary by version).Â
* Allow apps to request to track for iOS version 14 and laterÂ
Turn off the setting through your device settings (precise instructions vary
by version).Â
* Personalize based on your inferred identity setting in Twitter
Adjust the setting by going to Settings and privacy > Privacy and safety >
Off-Twitter activity > Personalize based on your inferred identity. This
controls whether we link your account to browsers or devices other than the
ones you use to log into Twitter (or if you're logged out, whether we link the
browser or device you're currently using to any other browsers or devices).
* Cookie settings through web browsersÂ
Most browsers will request your permission to use cookies. Note that if you
turn off cookies entirely, Twitter services may not work correctly or you
might have trouble logging into twitter.com.
### More privacy options
Â
Along with optout.aboutads.info, you can read more about opting out of
interest-based ads at networkadvertising.org/choices. Lastly, you can opt-out
of interest-based Google ads using Google's Ads Settings.
Important: To view or change web settings for your Twitter account, you'll
need to log in to the web browser. Changing your Twitter settings in the web
browser when youâre logged out will only affect behavior on that browser
while you aren't logged in to Twitter. Read our article on how to access your
personalization and data settings for more.
The cookies you encounter depend on the features and functionality you use.
The most commonly used cookies on Twitter services are described in this
chart, which we update from time to time. Cookie lifespans are capped at 13
months in certain areas.Â
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* Data Transfer
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* Release Notes
* Deprecation Schedule
* Scheduled Maintenance
* * v4
* 개요
* Dimensions, Metrics, and Filters
* REST Resources
* accountActiveAdSummaries
* Overview
* get
* accountPermissionGroups
* Overview
* get
* list
* accountPermissions
* Overview
* get
* list
* accountUserProfiles
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* accounts
* Overview
* get
* list
* patch
* update
* ads
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertiserGroups
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertiserInvoices
* Overview
* list
* advertiserLandingPages
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertisers
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* billingAssignments
* Overview
* insert
* list
* billingProfiles
* Overview
* get
* list
* update
* billingRates
* Overview
* list
* browsers
* Overview
* list
* campaignCreativeAssociations
* Overview
* insert
* list
* campaigns
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* changeLogs
* Overview
* get
* list
* cities
* Overview
* list
* connectionTypes
* Overview
* get
* list
* contentCategories
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* conversions
* Overview
* batchinsert
* batchupdate
* countries
* Overview
* get
* list
* creativeAssets
* Overview
* insert
* creativeFieldValues
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creativeFields
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creativeGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creatives
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* dimensionValues
* Overview
* query
* directorySites
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* dynamicTargetingKeys
* Overview
* delete
* insert
* list
* eventTags
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* files
* Overview
* get
* list
* floodlightActivities
* Overview
* delete
* generatetag
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* floodlightActivityGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* floodlightConfigurations
* Overview
* get
* list
* patch
* update
* inventoryItems
* Overview
* get
* list
* languages
* Overview
* list
* metros
* Overview
* list
* mobileApps
* Overview
* get
* list
* mobileCarriers
* Overview
* get
* list
* operatingSystemVersions
* Overview
* get
* list
* operatingSystems
* Overview
* get
* list
* orderDocuments
* Overview
* get
* list
* orders
* Overview
* get
* list
* placementGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* placementStrategies
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* placements
* Overview
* generatetags
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* platformTypes
* Overview
* get
* list
* postalCodes
* Overview
* get
* list
* projects
* Overview
* get
* list
* regions
* Overview
* list
* remarketingListShares
* Overview
* get
* patch
* update
* remarketingLists
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* reports
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* run
* update
* reports.compatibleFields
* Overview
* query
* reports.files
* Overview
* get
* list
* sites
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* sizes
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* subaccounts
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* targetableRemarketingLists
* Overview
* get
* list
* targetingTemplates
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* userProfiles
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRolePermissionGroups
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRolePermissions
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRoles
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* videoFormats
* Overview
* get
* list
* Types
* Activities
* ChannelGrouping
* ClickThroughUrlSuffixProperties
* Compatibility
* Conversion
* ConversionStatus
* CustomRichMediaEvents
* DayPartTargeting
* DefaultClickThroughEventTagProperties
* DeliveryType
* Dimension
* DimensionValue
* EmailOwnerDeliveryType
* EncryptionInfo
* EventFilter
* EventTagOverride
* File
* FileList
* GeoTargeting
* KeyValueTargetingExpression
* LanguageTargeting
* LastModifiedInfo
* ListTargetingExpression
* LookbackConfiguration
* MatchType
* ObaIcon
* PathFilter
* PathMatchPosition
* PricingSchedule
* Recipient
* RepeatsOnWeekDays
* RunsOnDayOfMonth
* SortOrder
* SortedDimension
* TagSetting
* TechnologyTargeting
* VideoOffset
* v3.5
* 개요
* Dimensions, Metrics, and Filters
* REST Resources
* accountActiveAdSummaries
* Overview
* get
* accountPermissionGroups
* Overview
* get
* list
* accountPermissions
* Overview
* get
* list
* accountUserProfiles
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* accounts
* Overview
* get
* list
* patch
* update
* ads
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertiserGroups
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertiserLandingPages
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertisers
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* browsers
* Overview
* list
* campaignCreativeAssociations
* Overview
* insert
* list
* campaigns
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* changeLogs
* Overview
* get
* list
* cities
* Overview
* list
* connectionTypes
* Overview
* get
* list
* contentCategories
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* conversions
* Overview
* batchinsert
* batchupdate
* countries
* Overview
* get
* list
* creativeAssets
* Overview
* insert
* creativeFieldValues
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creativeFields
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creativeGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creatives
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* dimensionValues
* Overview
* query
* directorySites
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* dynamicTargetingKeys
* Overview
* delete
* insert
* list
* eventTags
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* files
* Overview
* get
* list
* floodlightActivities
* Overview
* delete
* generatetag
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* floodlightActivityGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* floodlightConfigurations
* Overview
* get
* list
* patch
* update
* inventoryItems
* Overview
* get
* list
* languages
* Overview
* list
* metros
* Overview
* list
* mobileApps
* Overview
* get
* list
* mobileCarriers
* Overview
* get
* list
* operatingSystemVersions
* Overview
* get
* list
* operatingSystems
* Overview
* get
* list
* orderDocuments
* Overview
* get
* list
* orders
* Overview
* get
* list
* placementGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* placementStrategies
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* placements
* Overview
* generatetags
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* platformTypes
* Overview
* get
* list
* postalCodes
* Overview
* get
* list
* projects
* Overview
* get
* list
* regions
* Overview
* list
* remarketingListShares
* Overview
* get
* patch
* update
* remarketingLists
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* reports
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* run
* update
* reports.compatibleFields
* Overview
* query
* reports.files
* Overview
* get
* list
* sites
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* sizes
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* subaccounts
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* targetableRemarketingLists
* Overview
* get
* list
* targetingTemplates
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* userProfiles
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRolePermissionGroups
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRolePermissions
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRoles
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* videoFormats
* Overview
* get
* list
* Types
* Activities
* ChannelGrouping
* ClickThroughUrlSuffixProperties
* Compatibility
* Conversion
* ConversionStatus
* CustomRichMediaEvents
* DayPartTargeting
* DefaultClickThroughEventTagProperties
* DeliveryType
* Dimension
* DimensionValue
* EmailOwnerDeliveryType
* EncryptionInfo
* EventFilter
* EventTagOverride
* File
* FileList
* GeoTargeting
* KeyValueTargetingExpression
* LanguageTargeting
* LastModifiedInfo
* ListTargetingExpression
* LookbackConfiguration
* MatchType
* ObaIcon
* PathFilter
* PathMatchPosition
* PricingSchedule
* Recipient
* RepeatsOnWeekDays
* RunsOnDayOfMonth
* SortOrder
* SortedDimension
* TagSetting
* TechnologyTargeting
* VideoOffset
* v3.4
* 개요
* Dimensions, Metrics, and Filters
* REST Resources
* accountActiveAdSummaries
* Overview
* get
* accountPermissionGroups
* Overview
* get
* list
* accountPermissions
* Overview
* get
* list
* accountUserProfiles
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* accounts
* Overview
* get
* list
* patch
* update
* ads
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertiserGroups
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertiserLandingPages
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertisers
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* browsers
* Overview
* list
* campaignCreativeAssociations
* Overview
* insert
* list
* campaigns
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* changeLogs
* Overview
* get
* list
* cities
* Overview
* list
* connectionTypes
* Overview
* get
* list
* contentCategories
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* conversions
* Overview
* batchinsert
* batchupdate
* countries
* Overview
* get
* list
* creativeAssets
* Overview
* insert
* creativeFieldValues
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creativeFields
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creativeGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creatives
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* dimensionValues
* Overview
* query
* directorySites
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* dynamicTargetingKeys
* Overview
* delete
* insert
* list
* eventTags
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* files
* Overview
* get
* list
* floodlightActivities
* Overview
* delete
* generatetag
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* floodlightActivityGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* floodlightConfigurations
* Overview
* get
* list
* patch
* update
* inventoryItems
* Overview
* get
* list
* languages
* Overview
* list
* metros
* Overview
* list
* mobileApps
* Overview
* get
* list
* mobileCarriers
* Overview
* get
* list
* operatingSystemVersions
* Overview
* get
* list
* operatingSystems
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* * Standard Query Parameters
* Upload Media
Campaign Manager 360 API v3.5는 지원 중단되었으며 2023년 4월 20일에 종료됩니다. 모든 사용자는 이 날짜까지
최신 API 버전으로 이전해야 합니다.
이 페이지는 Cloud Translation API를 통해 번역되었습니다.
Switch to English
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* 제품
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* API
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의견 보내기
# 지원 중단 일정
컬렉션을 사용해 정리하기 내 환경설정을 기준으로 콘텐츠를 저장하고 분류하세요.
일반적으로 Campaign Manager 360 API는 세 가지 버전으로 지원됩니다. 새 버전이 출시되면 이전 버전의 서비스 종료 날짜가
발표됩니다. 일몰 날짜가 발표되면 버전은 지원 중단된 것으로 간주합니다.
대부분의 버전의 지원 중단 기간은 약 7개월입니다. 지원 중단된 버전은 지원 종료일까지 계속 제공되지만, 사용자는 지원 중단 기간을 사용하여
최신 버전으로 이전하는 것이 좋습니다. 지원 중단 날짜가 지나면 지원 중단된 버전은 더 이상 제공되지 않습니다.
버전이 종료되면 어떻게 되나요?
한 버전이 지원 중단되면 수신되는 모든 요청이 거부되고 `HTTP 403: Forbidden` 오류 응답이 반환됩니다. 이러한 오류에는 해당
버전이 더 이상 지원되지 않음을 알리는 메시지가 표시됩니다.
{
"error": {
"errors": [
{
"domain": "global",
"reason": "forbidden",
"message": "3140 : Version v2.x of the DCM/DFA Trafficking and Reporting API is no longer supported. Please upgrade to the latest version of the API."
}
],
"code": 403,
"message": "3140 : Version v2.x of the DCM/DFA Trafficking and Reporting API is no longer supported. Please upgrade to the latest version of the API."
}
}
시간이 지나면 버전이 완전히 비활성화되어 연결할 수 없게 됩니다. 이때 버전에 대한 모든 요청은 일반 `HTTP 404: Not Found`
오류 응답을 수신합니다.
* * *
현재 발표된 지원 중단 및 서비스 종료 일정은 아래와 같습니다.
API 버전 지원 중단일 서비스 종료일
버전 3.5 2022년 6월 15일 2023년 4월 20일
버전 3.4 2021년 5월 24일 2022년 1월 10일
버전 3.3 현재 지원 중단됨 2021년 6월 30일
의견 보내기
달리 명시되지 않는 한 이 페이지의 콘텐츠에는 Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 라이선스에 따라 라이선스가
부여되며, 코드 샘플에는 Apache 2.0 라이선스에 따라 라이선스가 부여됩니다. 자세한 내용은 Google Developers 사이트
정책을 참조하세요. 자바는 Oracle 및/또는 Oracle 계열사의 등록 상표입니다.
최종 업데이트: 2023-02-13(UTC)
[{ "type": "thumb-down", "id": "missingTheInformationINeed", "label":"필요한 정보가
없음" },{ "type": "thumb-down", "id": "tooComplicatedTooManySteps", "label":"너무
복잡함/단계 수가 너무 많음" },{ "type": "thumb-down", "id": "outOfDate", "label":"오래됨"
},{ "type": "thumb-down", "id": "translationIssue", "label":"번역 문제" },{
"type": "thumb-down", "id": "samplesCodeIssue", "label":"샘플/코드 문제" },{ "type":
"thumb-down", "id": "otherDown", "label":"기타" }] [{ "type": "thumb-up", "id":
"easyToUnderstand", "label":"이해하기 쉬움" },{ "type": "thumb-up", "id":
"solvedMyProblem", "label":"문제가 해결됨" },{ "type": "thumb-up", "id": "otherUp",
"label":"기타" }] 의견을 전달하고 싶나요?
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*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
|
spiderum_text/2174 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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## Contents
move to sidebar hide
* (Top)
* 1Meteorological history
* 2Impact
* 2.1Western Bay of Bengal
* 2.2Myanmar
* 3Aftermath
* 3.1International relief
* 3.1.1Bangladesh
* 3.1.2India
* 3.1.3Italy
* 3.1.4Malaysia
* 3.1.5Thailand
* 3.1.6United Kingdom
* 3.1.7United States
* 3.1.8Other relief efforts
* 4Burma controversy
* 4.1Military junta's blockade of aid
* 4.2Uninterrupted referendum
* 4.3Aid distribution controversy
* 4.4Activists respond to the blockade of aid
* 5Records
* 6Private relief
* 6.1Impact on rice supplies
* 7Update
* 8See also
* 9Notes
* 10References
* 11Further reading
* 12External links
Toggle the table of contents
# Cyclone Nargis
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
North Indian Ocean cyclone in 2008
Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm NargisExtremely severe cyclonic storm (IMD
scale)
Category 4 tropical cyclone (SSHWS)
Nargis 01 may 2008 0440Z.jpg
Nargis near peak intensity approaching landfall in Myanmar on May 2
Formed27 April 2008
Dissipated3 May 2008
Highest winds3-minute sustained: 165 km/h (105 mph)
1-minute sustained: 215 km/h (130 mph)
Lowest pressure962 hPa (mbar); 28.41 inHg
Fatalities138,373 total
(Fifth-deadliest tropical cyclone on record)
Damage$12.9 billion (2008 USD)
(Second costliest cyclone recorded in the Indian Ocean)
Areas affectedBangladesh, Myanmar, India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Laos, China
Part of the 2008 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm Nargis (Burmese: နာဂစ်, Urdu: نرگس [ˈnərɡɪs])
was an extremely destructive and deadly tropical cyclone that caused the worst
natural disaster in the recorded history of Myanmar during early May 2008.[1]
The cyclone made landfall in Myanmar on Friday, 2 May 2008, sending a storm
surge 40 kilometres up the densely populated Irrawaddy delta, causing
catastrophic destruction and at least 138,373 fatalities.[2][3][4] The Labutta
Township alone was reported to have 80,000 dead, with about 10,000 more deaths
in Bogale. There were around 55,000 people missing and many other deaths were
found in other towns and areas, although the Myanmar government's official
death toll may have been under-reported, and there have been allegations that
government officials stopped updating the death toll after 138,000 to minimise
political fallout. The feared 'second wave' of fatalities from disease and
lack of relief efforts never materialised.[5] Damage was at $12 billion,
making Nargis the costliest tropical cyclone on record in the North Indian
Ocean at the time,[6] before that record was broken by Cyclone Amphan in
2020.[7][8][9]
The first named storm of the 2008 North Indian Ocean cyclone season, Nargis
developed on 27 April in the central area of Bay of Bengal. Initially, the
storm tracked slowly northwestward, and encountering favourable conditions, it
quickly strengthened. Dry air weakened the cyclone on 29 April, though after
beginning a steady eastward motion, Nargis rapidly intensified to attain peak
winds of at least 165 km/h (105 mph) on 2 May, according to IMD observations;
the JTWC assessed peak winds of 215 km/h (135 mph), making it a weak Category
4 cyclone on the SSHWS. The cyclone moved ashore in the Ayeyarwady Division of
Myanmar at peak intensity and, after passing near the major city of Yangon
(Rangoon), the storm gradually weakened until dissipating near the border of
Myanmar and Thailand.[citation needed]
Nargis is the deadliest named cyclone in the North Indian Ocean Basin, as well
as the second-deadliest named cyclone of all time, behind Typhoon Nina of
1975. Including unnamed storms like the 1970 Bhola cyclone, Nargis is the
fifth-deadliest cyclone of all time, but an uncertainty between the deaths
caused by Nargis and those caused by other cyclones (like the 1991 Bangladesh
cyclone), could put Nargis as fourth-deadliest or higher, because the exact
death toll is uncertain. Nargis was the first tropical cyclone to strike the
country since Cyclone Mala made landfall in 2006, which was slightly stronger,
but had a significantly lower impact. According to reports, Indian authorities
had warned Myanmar about the danger that Cyclone Nargis posed 48 hours before
it hit the country's coast.[citation needed]
Relief efforts were slowed for political reasons as Myanmar's military rulers
initially resisted large-scale international aid. US President George W. Bush
said that an angry world should condemn the way Myanmar's military rulers were
handling the aftermath of such a catastrophic cyclone.[10] Myanmar's military
junta finally accepted aid a few days after India's request was accepted.[11]
Hampering the relief efforts, only ten days after the cyclone, the 2008
Sichuan earthquake occurred nearby and measured 7.9 in magnitude, taking
87,476 lives[12] and causing US$150 billion in damage in the process, making
it the costliest disaster in Chinese history and third-costliest disaster ever
known. Furthermore, some donated aid items were found to be available in the
country's black market, and Myanmar's junta warned on 15 May that legal action
would be taken against people who traded or hoarded international aid.
## Meteorological history[edit]
Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson
scale
Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
Unknown
Storm type
circle Tropical cyclone
square Subtropical cyclone
triangle Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon
depression
Towards the end of April 2008, the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone over the
Indian Ocean became very active, with a tropical disturbance developing under
its influence during 25 April.[13][14] Over the next couple of days, the
disturbance gradually developed further within an area of low vertical wind
shear, before it was classified as a depression by the India Meteorological
Department early on 27 April.[13] Initially, the depression moved westward and
was classified as a deep depression by the IMD, before the United States Joint
Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) initiated advisories and classified the storm as
Tropical Cyclone 01B later that day.[13][15] The system subsequently started
to move north-westwards under the steering influence of an anticyclone and an
upper-level ridge of high pressure.[13][16]
At 0000 UTC, 5:30 AM Indian Standard Time, on 28 April, the IMD upgraded the
system to Cyclonic Storm Nargis, while it was located about 550 km (340 mi)
east of Chennai, India.[17]
On 28 April, Nargis became nearly stationary, while situated between high-
pressure ridges to its northwest and southeast. That same day, the JTWC
upgraded the storm to cyclone status, the equivalent of a minimal Category 1
hurricane on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane scale.[14] Around the same time, the
IMD upgraded Nargis to a severe cyclonic storm.[18] The cyclone developed a
concentric eye feature, which is an eyewall outside another eyewall,[19] with
warm waters aiding in further intensification.[20] Early on 29 April, the JTWC
estimated Nargis reached winds of 160 km/h (100 mph),[21] and at the same
time, the IMD classified the system as a very severe cyclonic storm.[22]
Initially, the cyclone was forecast to strike Bangladesh or southeastern
India.[23][24] Subsequently, the cyclone became disorganised and weakened due
to subsidence and drier air; as a result, deep convection near the center
markedly decreased. At the same time, the storm began a motion to the
northeast, around the periphery of a ridge to its southeast.[25] The
circulation remained strong despite the diminishing convection, though
satellite intensity estimates using the Dvorak technique indicated the cyclone
could have weakened to tropical storm status.[26] By late on 29 April,
convection had begun to rebuild,[27] though immediate restrengthening was
prevented by increased wind shear.[28]
Conditions in Myanmar as Nargis made landfall
On 1 May 2008, after turning nearly due eastward, Cyclone Nargis began rapidly
intensifying, due to greatly improved outflow aided by an approaching upper-
level trough.[29] Strengthening continued as Nargis developed a well-defined
eye with a diameter of 19 km (12 mi), and early on 2 May, the JTWC estimated
that the cyclone reached peak 1-minute winds of 215 km/h (135 mph), as it
approached the coast of Myanmar, making it a Category 4 storm.[30] At the same
time, the IMD assessed Nargis as attaining peak 3-minute sustained winds of
165 km/h (105 mph).[31] Around 1200 UTC on 2 May, Cyclone Nargis made landfall
in the Ayeyarwady Division of Myanmar at peak strength.[32] The storm
gradually weakened as it proceeded east over Myanmar, with its proximity to
the Andaman Sea preventing rapid weakening. Its track turned to the northeast
due to the approach of a mid-latitude trough to its northwest, passing just
north of Yangon with winds of 130 km/h (80 mph).[33] Early on 3 May, the IMD
issued its final advisory on the storm.[34] Nargis quickly weakened after
turning to the northeast, toward the rugged terrain near the Myanmar–Thailand
border, and after deteriorating to minimal tropical storm status, the JTWC
issued its last advisory on Nargis.[35]
## Impact[edit]
Deadliest Tropical Cyclones since 1900 Rank Name/Year Region Fatalities
1 Bhola 1970 Bangladesh 300,000
2 Bangladesh 1991 Bangladesh 138,866
3 Nargis 2008 Myanmar 138,373
4 Unnamed 1911 Bangladesh 120,000
5 Unnamed 1917 Bangladesh 70,000
6 Harriet 1962 Thailand, Bangladesh 50,935
7 Unnamed 1919 Bangladesh 40,000
8 Unnamed 1917 Bangladesh 70,000
9 Nina 1975 China 26,000
10 Unnamed 1958 Bangladesh 12,000
Unnamed 1965 Bangladesh
Sources: NOAA, MDR[36][37]
### Western Bay of Bengal[edit]
Rainfall rate from cyclone Nargis over Western Bay of Bengal, as measured by
the TRMM.
On 27 and 28 April, the cyclone enhanced the South-West Monsoon over Sri
Lanka, which resulted in very heavy rain, flooding, and landslides being
reported within the Western, Sabaragamuwa and Southern provinces.[38][39] The
districts of Ratnapura and Kegalle were the most affected, where more than
3,000 families were displaced.[39] Thousands of houses were flooded, with 21
reported destroyed. The rainfall left 4,500 people homeless, and more than
35,000 people were affected on the island.[39][40] Three people were reported
injured on the island, while two were reported dead.[39]
Damaged boats after Cyclone Nargis
The India Meteorological Department recommended that fishermen should not sail
on the ocean during the passage of Nargis. Strong waves and gusty winds were
expected along the Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh coastline in India.[17]
Additionally, the influence of the cyclone lowered temperatures along the
Indian coastline, which had been affected by a severe heat wave.[41]
When the cyclone was originally expected to strike near Bangladesh, officials
requested farmers to hurriedly finish harvesting the rice crop. At the time,
the country was experiencing severe food shortages from Cyclone Sidr in the
previous year and flooding earlier in the year, and a direct strike from
Nargis would have resulted in destroyed crops due to strong winds.[42]
### Myanmar[edit]
Satellite photography of the Irrawaddy Delta before (top) and after (bottom)
Nargis hit the area.
Topographic map of the region of Burma affected by Cyclone Nargis. The low-
lying Irrawaddy Delta was the hardest hit.
The United Nations estimated that 1.5 million people were "severely affected"
by Nargis.[43] Estimates of the people missing were 53,836, with 84,537
confirmed dead.[3] Some NGOs estimated that the final death toll would be over
100,000.[44] At least 10,000 people were reported to have perished in the
delta town of Bogale alone.[45]
Nargis was the deadliest tropical cyclone in the North Indian Ocean since the
1991 Bangladesh cyclone, which killed at least 138,866 people. One aid worker
claimed that the death toll from the cyclone and its aftermath might reach
300,000; if correct, Nargis was the second-deadliest cyclone ever and the
fifth-deadliest natural disaster of the 20th century, after the 1931 China
floods. Other more deadly natural disasters include the 1887 Yellow River
flood, the 1556 Shaanxi earthquake, and the 1970 Bhola cyclone in
Bangladesh.[46]
Myanmar's military leaders did not count the full death toll from Nargis
(leaving the area shortly after it hit), and this led to initial uncertainty
about the scale of the disaster. The final death toll from Nargis was at least
146,000, because there were 90,000 people confirmed dead at one point and
56,000 were missing. They were never found, so it was assumed that these
56,000 people were killed. Thus, its death toll would exceed that of the 1991
storm and make it the deadliest since the 1970 storm. It is now thought that
hundreds of thousands of people will never be found after Nargis because their
bodies have decayed, been buried, or were washed out to sea.[47]
Andrew Kirkwood, country director of the British charity Save The Children,
stated: "We're looking at 50,000 dead and millions of homeless, I'd
characterise it as unprecedented in the history of Myanmar and on an order of
magnitude with the effect of the [2004] tsunami on individual countries. There
might well be more dead than the tsunami caused in Sri Lanka."[48] Foreign aid
workers estimated that 2 million to 3 million were homeless, often going to
one of 260,000 refugee camps in Myanmar. It was likely the worst disaster in
Myanmar's history, and the total damages were comparable to that of the 2004
Indian Ocean tsunami.[49]
Thousands of buildings were destroyed; in the town of Labutta, in the
Ayeyarwady Division, state television reported that 75 percent of buildings
had collapsed and 20 percent had their roofs ripped off.[50] One report
indicated that 95 percent of buildings in the Irrawaddy Delta area were
destroyed.[51] The Ministry of Religious Affairs stated that 1,163 temples
were destroyed in Ayeyarwady Division and 284 in Yangon Division.[52]
The Burmese government formally declared five regions—Yangon, Ayeyarwady, Bago
Divisions and Mon and Kayin States— as disaster areas.[citation needed]
A United Nations official commented as follows: "It's a bad situation. Almost
all the houses are smashed. People are in a terrible situation." Another UN
official said that "The Irrawaddy delta was hit extremely hard not only
because of the wind and rain but because of the storm surge." Burst sewage
mains caused the landscape to flood with waste, ruining the rice crop.[53]
The Daily Telegraph (UK) reported that food prices in Myanmar could be
affected.[54] Woradet Wirawekhin (th: วรเดช วีระเวคิน), deputy director
general of Thailand's Department of Information, Ministry of Foreign Affairs,
stated on 7 May 2008 that, in reference to a report submitted by Bansan Bunnak
(th: บรรสาน บุนนาค), the Thai ambassador in Yangon, conditions in the city had
deteriorated and that most businesses and markets were closed. Mr. Wirawekhin
also reported that the locals faced even more adversity in basic subsistence,
because local food prices had increased two- or threefold.[55]
## Aftermath[edit]
The most affected and most populous division of Myanmar, Ayeyarwady
### International relief[edit]
On 6 May 2008, the Burmese government representation in New York City formally
asked the United Nations for help, but in other ways it remained resistant to
the most basic assistance.[48] On 7 May 2008, the government of Myanmar had
not officially endorsed international assistance, but stated that they were,
"willing to accept international assistance, preferably bilateral, government
to government." The biggest challenge was obtaining visas for entry into the
country.[citation needed]
According to Thai Rath Newspaper of Thailand on 8 May 2008,[56] in the
afternoon (Bangkok time) of 7 May 2008, the Burmese junta permitted Italian
flights containing relief supplies from the United Nations, and twenty-five
tonnes of consumable goods, to land in Myanmar. However, many nations and
organisations hoped to deliver assistance and relief to Myanmar without delay;
most of their officials, supplies and stores were waiting in Thailand and at
the Yangon airport, as the Burmese junta declined to issue visas for many of
those individuals. These political tensions raised the concern that some food
and medical supplies might become unusable, even before the Burmese junta
officially accepted the international relief effort.[citation needed]
#### Bangladesh[edit]
Bangladesh, which has had experience with cyclones in the past, was one of the
first countries to supply aid to Myanmar in the aftermath of Cyclone Nargis.
Two planes carrying aid, organised by the Bangladesh Army, were sent to
Myanmar on 8 May 2008. They carried stockpiles of emergency aid and hundreds
of aid workers with experience in coping with the aftermath of a cyclone.[57]
#### India[edit]
India, one of the few countries which maintains close relations with Myanmar,
launched Operation Sahayata[58] under which two Indian Navy ships and two
Indian Air Force (IAF) aircraft supplied the first international relief
material to the cyclone-hit country.[59] The two aircraft carried 4 tonnes of
relief supplies each while the Indian Navy transported more than 100 tonnes of
relief material.[60] On 8 May, the IAF dispatched its third air consignment
carrying over 32 tonnes of relief material including tents, blankets and
medicines.[61] India planned to send more aid to Burma.[62] In a separate
development, Burma denied Indian search and rescue teams and media access to
critical cyclone-hit areas.[63] India released a statement saying it had
requested Burma to accept international aid especially that from the United
States,[64] to which Burma agreed.[65][66] According to various reports,
Indian authorities had warned Burma about the danger that Cyclone Nargis posed
48 hours before it hit the country's coast.[67] As of 16 May 2008, India's
offer to send a team of 50 medical personnel to set up two independent mini-
hospitals in the Irrawaddy delta was accepted by the Burmese government.[68]
An aircraft carrying the team of doctors was being prepared at Delhi's Palam
Air Force Base.[69]
#### Italy[edit]
Italy provided €465,000 (about $732,282) worth of aid in the form of 30 tons
of emergency relief equipment, such as stretchers, generators, and water
purifiers in a flight organised by the World Food Program (WFP). The flight
arrived in Yangon on 8 May. This was the first aid flight from a Western
nation, preceded only by aid from Thailand.[70][71]
In addition to this aid, the Italian government provided €500,000 through the
WFP and €500,000 through funding to relief agencies through the UN. An
additional €123,000 was provided through the Red Cross, as well as €300,000
worth of further financing for emergency equipment.[citation needed]
#### Malaysia[edit]
Mercy Malaysia also trained 180 doctors from the Myanmar Medical Association
in Yangon for deployment in the Irrawaddy Delta.[72] RM 1.8 mil was collected
for victims of Myanmar's cyclone victims through The Star Myanmar Relief Fund
and handed to Mercy Malaysia executive council member Dr Ahmad Faizal
Perdaus.[73] A second Malaysian Red Crescent Society (MRCS) disaster relief
team was sent to Myanmar on 21 May 2008.[citation needed]
#### Thailand[edit]
Thailand sent US$100,000 in supplies, thirty tonnes of medical supplies and
twelve tonnes of food supplies from Thai Red Cross. Additionally, Chaiya
Sasomsap, Minister of Public Health of Thailand, stated that the Government
had already sent medical supplies valued more than one billion baht ($31.3
million) to Myanmar. Furthermore, the Government of Thailand dispatched, upon
the permission of the Burmese junta, twenty medical teams and twenty quick
communicable disease suppression units. Samak Sundaravej stated that "if
Myanmar gives the green light allowing us to help, our Air Force will provide
C-130 aircraft to carry our teams there. This should not be precipitately
carried out, it has to have the permission of their government."[74] On 7 May
2008, those units, with their subordinate aeroplanes, were permitted to land
in Yangon, carrying drinking water and construction material.[75]
#### United Kingdom[edit]
One of the largest sums was donated by the United Kingdom which committed £17
million (approx US$33.5 million).[76] The UK's Department for International
Development sent an international relief team to help with the co-ordination
of the international relief effort. Another team from the same department was
also on the ground inside Myanmar.[77] The Royal Navy dispatched HMS
Westminster to the area to assist. This ship was part of the Orion 08 group
deployment but was detached on a contingency tasking. This mission was
codenamed Operation Songster. Prime Minister Gordon Brown remained extremely
critical of the Burmese régime and had not ruled out violating Burmese
sovereignty by carrying out "forced airdrops" to deliver aid.[78]
#### United States[edit]
US Air Force personnel deliver relief supplies to Myanmar
On 5 May, US Chargé d'affaires in Myanmar Shari Villarosa declared a disaster
due to the effects of Cyclone Nargis. In response, the US Agency for
International Development (USAID) deployed a Disaster Assistance Response Team
(DART) and immediately provided $2 million to UNICEF, WFP, and the Office of
the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) for emergency food,
water and sanitation, and shelter assistance.[citation needed]
On 6 May, an additional $3 million from USAID was allocated for the provision
of emergency relief assistance, including $1 million to the American Red Cross
and $2 million for NGO partners and on 12 May, USAID Administrator Henrietta
H. Fore announced $13 million in food aid and logistics assistance through the
World Food Programme.[citation needed]
From 12 to 20 May, USAID and the US Department of Defense (DOD) coordinated
the delivery of nearly $1.2 million of US relief commodities to Rangoon on 185
DOD C-130 flights. The relief supplies would provide assistance to more than
113,000 beneficiaries. The DOD efforts were under the direction of Joint Task
Force Caring Response.[79]
As of 26 June 2008, United States assistance had totalled $41,169,769 and
continued to be directed by the USAID DART stationed in Thailand.[80]
#### Other relief efforts[edit]
On 15 May, the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian
Affairs (OCHA) launched the Burmese HIC website. The purpose of the site was
to improve information exchange and collaboration between operational agencies
responding to Cyclone Nargis. Based in Bangkok, the HIC was providing support
to the Humanitarian Partnership Team and other humanitarian partners in
Yangon, as well as those based in Bangkok.[citation needed]
By 8 May 2008, the Foundation for the People of Burma had a team on the ground
in Rangoon and beyond providing direct assistance to thousands of refugees.
Since this organisation was administered by Buddhist volunteers and already
had tacit permission from the Burmese government, all donations went directly
for supplies.[citation needed]
A destroyed house in Yangon
The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies had
pledged $189,000 for relief.[81] The federation had also launched an appeal of
a further CHF73.9 million.[82] Red Cross spokesman Matt Cochrane said that
cyclone survivors needed everything. They needed emergency shelter to keep
them dry, including food supplies. He said stagnant waters were a perfect
breeding ground for the malaria mosquito, so insecticide-treated nets were
needed.[83] The Red Cross suffered a setback when a boat carrying supplies
sank when it hit a submerged tree. Everyone aboard survived, but most of the
cargo was lost.[84] Ten Red Cross/Red Crescent relief flights carrying medical
and shelter supplies were due to land in Yangon on 12 May.[85]
Trocaire has been active in Myanmar since 1995 and were the first Irish aid
agency to gain access after Cyclone Nargis. Relief work has been conducted
mainly through local partners and membership of the international federation
Caritas Internationalis. Trocaire had appealed for the focus of humanitarian
work in Myanmar not to be lost in the wake of China's more recent
earthquake.[86]
Save the Children, one of the few agencies allowed to work in Myanmar, said
the toll would likely sharply grow in the next few days as help reached
isolated areas.[87] On 18 May, it announced that it believed that thirty
thousand children younger than five were already facing malnutrition and could
starve in under a month if food did not reach them.[88]
Médecins Sans Frontières landed a plane of 40 tons of relief and medical
supplies in Rangoon. After clearing customs the supplies were transferred to
local MSF warehouses. They have approximately 200 workers in the region, many
of whom have been involved in long-term projects there and were already in the
region.[89]
World Vision launched a US$3 million appeal and sought to get international
aid into the country. Staff on the ground were working to distribute food,
water and other non-food items while WV Myanmar managers sought approval from
the government to work in the worst affected areas and to bring in aid from
outside.[90]
Local NGOs also responded to the emergency, many adapting from human-rights or
women's focuses to humanitarian emergency relief.[91]
Country Contribution[92]
Association of Southeast Asian Nations An assessment team and 30 medical
personnel per country.[93]
Australia A$25 million (US$23.5 million)[94] and 31 tonnes of supplies.[95]
Bangladesh 20 tonnes of food, medicine
Belgium €250,000 (US$387,000) and €100,000 from Flanders
Brazil Zinc roofing tiles, canvas tents and first aid items.
Brunei Relief materials[96]
Cambodia ៛ 193,120,000[97]
Canada Up to US$2 million in emergency relief, $500,000 of which is for the
Red Cross, Disaster Assistance Response Team (DART) is on standby; additional
aid to come[98]
China US$10 million in aid and relief materials (including 3 flights using
Jade Cargo each consisting of 60 tonnes of aid)[99]
Czech Republic US$154,000
Denmark US$2.1 million[100]
European Union US$3.0 million
Estonia US$51,200
Finland €300,000 (US$464,000)[101]
France 1,500 tons of medicine, food, and water;[84] US$775,000
Germany US$3.0 million
Greece US$200,000, medicine and humanitarian aid[102]
Hungary Ft48,903,000 (US$300,000), medicine, food, humanitarian aid
India More than 178 tonnes of relief materials; tents, food supplies,
medicines. A team of 50 medical personnel was sent to set up hospitals in the
Irrawaddy delta.[69][68]
Indonesia Rp 9,212,300,000 (US$1 million) in cash and other aids in foods and
medicines
Ireland €1,000,000 (US$1,550,000)
Israel US$100,000, food and medical supplies by private organisations
Italy €1,500,000 (US$2,250,000)[103]
Japan JPY ¥28 million in tents and generators = US$267,000; US$10 million
through UN World Food Program & US$570,000 pledged assistance[104]
Laos ₭171,540,000 (US$20,000) worth of food[105]
Lithuania Lithuanian government donated Lt200,000 ($90,000) to Red Cross.[106]
Malaysia RM12,965,800 (US$4,100,000)
North Macedonia ден1,964,000 (US$50,000)[107]
Netherlands €1,000,000 (US$1,550,000)
New Zealand NZ$3.5 million[108]
Norway Up to US$1.96 million[109]
Pakistan Relief materials and setting up of a mobile hospital in the affected
region upon approval of Burmese government.[110]
Philippines Medical workers and US$3,000,000 and relief goods in cash and
C-130 Hecules with Aid[111]
Russia 80 tonnes of food (US$ ~5,500,000 for 30 tonnes of grain delievered in
October 2015[a]), generators, medicine, tents and blankets[112]
San Marino €30,000[113]
Serbia Relief materials, medicines and medical supply.[114]
Singapore US$200,000[115]
Spain US$775,000 donation to World Food Programme
Sri Lanka US$100,000 plus food and assistance of medical workers
Sweden Logistical support and water cleaning systems
Switzerland US$475,000 (initial)
Taiwan (R.O.C.) US$200,000
Thailand US$100,000, food and medical supplies (initial)[116]
Turkey US$1,000,000 from Ministry of Foreign Affairs, US$600,000 from Turkish
Red Crescent[117]
Ukraine 40 tonnes of medicine, tents and blankets[118]
United Kingdom £45 million committed (US$73.5 million at 7 November 2008,
exchange rate),[119] HMS Westminster[120]
United States US$196 million (2008–2012)[121]
Vietnam ₫3,195,000,000 (US$200,000)
## Burma controversy[edit]
### Military junta's blockade of aid[edit]
In the days after the storm, the junta pursued a CNN reporter covering the
effects of the storm. The reporter was eventually forced to leave the country
out of fear of being imprisoned.[122]
On 9 May 2008, the junta officially declared that their acceptance of
international aid relief would be limited to food, medicines and other
supplies as well as financial aid, but would not allow additional foreign aid
workers or military units to operate in the country. Samak Sundaravej, Prime
Minister of Thailand, stated that, following the request of Eric G. John, US
Ambassador to Thailand, he would visit Myanmar on 11 May to urge the junta to
open the country. Quinton Quayle, UK Ambassador to Thailand, later remarked
that he would also join Sundaravej.[123] However, the junta immediately
replied that it was not willing to welcome anyone at this time. Sundaravej
said that he would still submit the mediating letter to the junta without
delay.[124]
The delays had attracted international condemnation. Also, on 9 May in
Bangkok, Richard Horsey, spokesperson of the United Nations, urged Myanmar to
accept a full scale international relief effort.[125] United Nations Secretary
General Ban Ki-moon urged the junta to allow aid in "without hindrance". Ban's
comments came after the World Food Programme resumed food aid after two
shipments of high energy biscuits were stolen by the military.[126] The House
of Commons of Canada condemned the Burmese government's response in a
resolution passed unanimously on 9 May 2008.[98] Oxfam International's
regional chief Sarah Ireland warned that 1.5 million face death if they did
not get clean water and sanitation soon: "It's really crucial that people get
access to clean water sources and sanitation to avoid unnecessary deaths and
suffering."[127] Myanmar's government seemed unaware of the scope of the death
and destruction Cyclone Nargis wrought on the country more than a week ago, it
was reported 13 May 2008.[128] Some critics were even suggesting genocide
since the Burmese government had deliberately denied storm victims aid,
allowing for hundreds of thousands to potentially die from starvation,
exposure, and disease.[129]
On 16 May 2008, the Burmese UN ambassador accused France of deploying a
warship to the Burmese coast. The French UN ambassador denied the LHD
Mistral[citation needed] was a warship, and claimed Myanmar's refusal to allow
increased aid into the country "could lead to a true crime against humanity."
France stated the ship in question was carrying 1,500 tons of relief
supplies.[130] UK Prime Minister Gordon Brown accused the ruling junta of
allowing the disaster to grow into a "man-made catastrophe" through its
failure to act. He also rebuked the junta as being guilty of inhuman
actions.[131]
On 19 May, Myanmar agreed to allow aid from members of the Association of
South-East Asian Nations (ASEAN) to enter. The decision came after an
emergency ASEAN summit. The aid would start arriving 21 May. Ban Ki-moon would
probably visit the country the same day to "accelerate relief efforts".[93]
That day, Ban announced that Myanmar was going to "allow all aid workers
regardless of nationality" to enter, although ships and helicopters were still
not expected to be allowed. The announcement came after Ban had met with junta
leader General Than Shwe for over two hours. Organizations welcoming the
announcement included World Vision, the World Food Programme, and the
International Rescue Committee.[132]
On 23 May, negotiations between UN Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon and Than Shwe
resulted in the opening of Myanmar to aid workers, regardless of nationality.
Myanmar's government was still staunchly opposed to the presence of military
units in the country, only allowing dedicated relief workers.[133] On 5 June,
a USS Essex-led American carrier group full of aid left the Burmese coast
after being denied entry for several weeks, taking its aid back
undelivered.[134]
On 27 May, to complicate world opinion and in contrast to numerous and varied
accounts from international relief organisations, the Burmese junta praised
U.N. aid.[135]
On 5 June 2008, Amnesty International released a report saying that at least
thirty people had been evicted from refugee camps. The report also indicated
that the military was horse-trading aid for physical labour.[134]
### Uninterrupted referendum[edit]
Main article: 2008 Burmese constitutional referendum
Despite objections raised by the Burmese opposition parties and foreign
nations in the wake of the natural disaster, the junta proceeded with a
previously scheduled (10 May 2008) constitutional referendum. Voting however
was postponed until 24 May 2008 in Yangon and other areas hardest hit by the
storm.[136]
On 8 May 2008, about thirty protesters assembled before Myanmar's embassy in
Manila, Philippines, demanding that the junta defer voting on the referendum
and immediately accept international relief. The Philippine protesters
delivered the statement that "this time is not the time for politics, but it
is the time to save people." The United States Government also demanded that
the United Nations not endorse the referendum. Aung San Suu Kyi, leader of the
Burmese opposition, also stated that holding a vote for the referendum during
this disaster would be a consummately unacceptable act.[56] About 500 Burmese
activists demonstrated on 10 May outside their country's embassy in Kuala
Lumpur, Malaysia, demanding that Burma's military regime call off its
constitutional referendum even as voting began despite a devastating
cyclone.[137]
In a public poll conducted throughout Myanmar on 9 May 2008 by Mizzima, a
Myanmar news agency, 64% of those surveyed still intended to vote in the
referendum. However, 71% did not know what the constitution was, and 52% had
not yet decided whether they would vote to support or oppose it.[138]
### Aid distribution controversy[edit]
AP news stories stated that foreign aid provided to disaster victims was
modified to make it look like it came from the military regime, and state-run
television continuously ran images of General Than Shwe ceremonially handing
out disaster relief.[139]
More than a week after the disaster, only one out of 10 people who were
homeless, injured or threatened by disease and hunger had received some kind
of aid.[139] More than two weeks later, relief had only reached 25 percent of
people in need.[140]
Nine days after the cyclone, the military government was still refusing to
grant visas and access for aid workers into the area. The UN called for an air
or sea corridor to be opened to channel large amounts of aid,[141] and HMS
Westminster was sent to the area, alongside French and United States military
assets.[142]
### Activists respond to the blockade of aid[edit]
A Facebook.com page called Support the Relief Efforts for Burma (Myanmar)
Cyclone Disaster Victims with 10,000 members used its members to organise a
Global Day Of Action for Burma on 17 May 2008.[143] with the help of Burma
Global Action Network, Burma Campaign UK, Canadian Friends of Burma, the US
Campaign for Burma, Info Birmanie, as well as countless local partners, a
Global Day of Action for Burma a call for Humanitarian Intervention was held
on 17 May 2008, in cities worldwide. An apparent response to the junta's
blockade of aid to the Cyclone Nargis victims, the international community
called for a humanitarian corridor to get aid into the hardest hit areas of
Myanmar.[144]
## Records[edit]
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adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and
removed. (September 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Nargis set many records for its death toll and its damage. In addition, when
Nargis reached Category 4 on the SSHS on 2 May, it marked the only time that a
Category 4 storm had formed in this basin for three consecutive years:
starting with Mala (2006), going into 2007 with Sidr and Gonu, and ending with
Nargis. It was the costliest storm in the Indian Ocean cyclone basin in
recorded history at the time; it was eventually surpassed by Cyclone Amphan in
2020.
The exact death toll from Nargis will likely never be known, but it was most
likely one of the deadliest tropical cyclones in recorded history, in fact,
Nargis is the deadliest tropical cyclone of the 3rd millennium to date.
## Private relief[edit]
Several international organisations were approved to support relief efforts
within the country:
* Adventist Development and Relief Agency (ADRA) assisted survivors in the severely-affected Irrawaddy Delta by providing food aid, access to water, medical assistance, kitchen kits, and other necessary relief.
* The Aidmatrix Foundation provided an online co-ordination portal connecting businesses, groups and individuals wishing to offer products, services, or financial contributions.[145]
* The American Jewish World Service provided emergency support to local organisations responding to immediate needs.
* Architecture for Humanity provided long-term support for sustainable reconstruction of housing, schools, clinics and other critical infrastructure.
* Giving Children Hope sent emergency supplies to local partner organisations.[146]
* CARE had offices in Yangon that were damaged.[147]
* Italian aid organisation Cesvi operated in over 40 villages in the Dedaye Township.
* Chevron Corporation contributed US$2 million, of which half went to the International Federation of the Red Cross and the other half was allocated to four other organisations: the International Organization for Migration, Mercy Corps, Pact and Save the Children.[148]
* The Church World Service worked with the Myanmar Council of Churches on the relief effort.
* Direct Relief worked with several local partner groups and organisations.[149]
* Doctors Without Borders/Médecins Sans Frontières had more than 200 aid workers responding on the ground.[150]
* GlobalGiving had several targeted relief projects with grassroots organisations already in Myanmar, including the International Medical Corps and CHF International.
* Baptist World Aid operated search, rescue and medical teams, and also prepared humanitarian relief and a special water purification and clean water packing (waterbags) unit.
* Hewlett-Packard Foundation made a donation of US$250,000 via the World Food Programme (WFP).
* Lutheran World Relief worked through the Church World Service.[151]
* LDS Church delivered several tonnes of food, blankets, and other supplies.
* LIRNEasia, an Asia Pacific-based telecom think tank made their donations through Lekadhikari of Amarapura nikaya, Sri Lanka.
* Mingalar Foundation, a Myanmar-based NGO, distributed food, clean water, shelter and medicine to 37,000+ unreached people (about 7,000 families) in 9 affected areas everyday, also accepting donations online with the help of Samui Island Hotels (USA/Thailand).
* Myanmar Red Cross appealed for help and is on the ground.[152]
* Proximity Designs distributed US$17.9 million in aid to 2.49 million people following the storm and continues to help farming families rebuild through cash-for-work infrastructure projects in 214 villages throughout the Irrawaddy Delta.
* Save the Children is "one of the largest non-governmental organizations at work in Myanmar" and has launched a full scale relief effort.[153]
* Sewa International has a network of volunteers and partner organisations active in the affected areas.
* ShelterBox Australian and other Rotary International bodies are assisting. ShelterBoxes started arriving on 10 May.[154]
* UNICEF is in country and has already provided relief supplies.[155]
* Unitarian Universalist Service Committee has joined with the Unitarian Universalist Association to launch a humanitarian relief fund to help survivors of the cyclone in Myanmar. The UUSC responds strategically to crises, especially when rights are threatened or when those in need are overlooked or neglected by traditional relief approaches.
* World Relief is working with partners in the Global Relief Alliance to bring vital aid to thousands in desperate need in the aftermath of the storm.
* World Vision has 600 staff on the ground.[156]
* Nargis Action Group Myanmar Egress was involved in disaster relief operations in 4 severely damaged townships in the Delta region. In so doing, Myanmar Egress collaborated with some business companies that have been granted permission by the authorities to undertake in the rescue and relief work in several storm-hit areas in the delta. Myanmar Egress engaged in all these disaster relief activities under the name of "Nargis Action Group Myanmar".
### Impact on rice supplies[edit]
The Irrawaddy Delta is such a fertile area for rice growing that it was known
as the "rice bowl" of the British Empire.[157] Production was high enough that
Myanmar could feed its citizens a high amount of rice (by the standards of
Asia) with enough left over to sell on the market. Since Nargis hit right
around harvest, a rice shortage and famine could result. The United Nations'
Food and Agriculture Organization estimated that Nargis impacted 65% of the
country's paddies. They feel that the situation would be "devastating... if
the recent disaster results in severe rice shortages." This might exacerbate
the crisis already occurring, but it could be partially alleviated if fall and
late summer harvests were good.[158] Myanmar had since appealed for aid to
assist with getting the rice planted, as its farmers had a 40- to 50-day
window of opportunity before the season's crop would be lost.[159] The Myanmar
government estimated losses of US$10 billion because of the cyclone.[160]
## Update[edit]
The UN Human Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT) reported the extent of the
international response to date as less than 7 percent of the actual needs for
shelter after 15 months, although emergency shelter relief efforts were well
funded. It estimated about 209,000 families had rebuilt their own homes alone
over the past year. Out of US$150 million requested for shelter repair and
reconstruction under the Post Nargis Recovery Plan (PONREPP) — a three-year
recovery strategy running to 2011 — only US$50 million had been received.[161]
## See also[edit]
* flagMyanmar portal
* Tropical cyclones portal
* Burma–Thailand relations
* 1970 Bhola cyclone – The deadliest tropical cyclone recorded worldwide
* Cyclone Giri
* Cyclone Mala
* Cyclone Komen
* Cyclone Mora
* List of tropical cyclones
* List of natural disasters by death toll
* Timeline of the 2008 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
* Tropical cyclones in Myanmar
## Notes[edit]
1. ^ In prices of one bushel at the time of delivery.
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## Further reading[edit]
Larkin, Emma (2010). Everything is Broken: the Untold Story of Disaster under
Burma's Military Regime. Granta.
## External links[edit]
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* FIRInAppMessagingDisplayMessageType
* FIRInAppMessagingDisplayTriggerType
* Protocols
* Overview
* InAppMessagingDisplay
* InAppMessagingDisplayDelegate
* FirebaseInAppMessagingSwift
* Enumerations
* Overview
* InAppMessagingPreviewHelpers
* – Delegate
* Extensions
* Overview
* View
* FirebaseInstallations
* Classes
* Overview
* Installations
* InstallationsAuthTokenResult
* Constants
* Overview
* InstallationIDDidChange
* InstallationIDDidChangeAppNameKey
* kFirebaseInstallationsErrorDomain
* Enumerations
* Overview
* InstallationsErrorCode
* Type Definitions
* Overview
* InstallationsIDHandler
* InstallationsTokenHandler
* FirebaseInstanceID
* Classes
* Overview
* InstanceID
* InstanceIDResult
* Constants
* Overview
* InstanceIDScopeFirebaseMessaging
* InstanceIDTokenRefresh
* Enumerations
* Overview
* InstanceIDError
* Type Definitions
* Overview
* InstanceIDDeleteHandler
* InstanceIDDeleteTokenHandler
* InstanceIDHandler
* InstanceIDResultHandler
* InstanceIDTokenHandler
* FirebaseMessaging
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRMessagingExtensionHelper
* Messaging
* MessagingMessageInfo
* Constants
* Overview
* MessagingErrorDomain
* MessagingRegistrationTokenRefreshed
* Enumerations
* Overview
* MessagingAPNSTokenType
* MessagingMessageStatus
* Error Types
* Protocols
* Overview
* MessagingDelegate
* Type Definitions
* Overview
* FIRMessagingDeleteFCMTokenCompletion
* FIRMessagingFCMTokenFetchCompletion
* FIRMessagingTopicOperationCompletion
* FirebaseMLCommon
* Classes
* Overview
* LocalModel
* ModelDownloadConditions
* ModelManager
* RemoteModel
* Constants
* Overview
* error
* firebaseMLModelDownloadDidFail
* firebaseMLModelDownloadDidSucceed
* remoteModel
* Type Definitions
* Overview
* ModelDownloadUserInfoKey
* FirebaseMLModelDownloader
* Classes
* Overview
* ModelDownloader
* Enumerations
* Overview
* DownloadError
* DownloadedModelError
* ModelDownloadType
* Structures
* Overview
* CustomModel
* ModelDownloadConditions
* FirebaseMLModelInterpreter
* Classes
* Overview
* CustomLocalModel
* CustomRemoteModel
* ModelInputOutputOptions
* ModelInputs
* ModelInterpreter
* ModelOutputs
* Enumerations
* Overview
* ModelElementType
* Type Definitions
* Overview
* ModelInterpreterInputOutputOpIndexCallback
* ModelInterpreterRunCallback
* FirebaseMLVision
* Classes
* Overview
* Vision
* VisionBarcode
* VisionBarcodeAddress
* VisionBarcodeCalendarEvent
* VisionBarcodeContactInfo
* VisionBarcodeDetector
* VisionBarcodeDetectorOptions
* VisionBarcodeDriverLicense
* VisionBarcodeEmail
* VisionBarcodeGeoPoint
* VisionBarcodePersonName
* VisionBarcodePhone
* VisionBarcodeSMS
* VisionBarcodeURLBookmark
* VisionBarcodeWifi
* VisionCloudDetectorOptions
* VisionCloudDocumentTextRecognizerOptions
* VisionCloudImageLabelerOptions
* VisionCloudLandmark
* VisionCloudLandmarkDetector
* VisionCloudTextRecognizerOptions
* VisionDocumentText
* VisionDocumentTextBlock
* VisionDocumentTextParagraph
* VisionDocumentTextRecognizer
* VisionDocumentTextSymbol
* VisionDocumentTextWord
* VisionFace
* VisionFaceContour
* VisionFaceDetector
* VisionFaceDetectorOptions
* VisionFaceLandmark
* VisionImage
* VisionImageLabel
* VisionImageLabeler
* VisionImageMetadata
* VisionLatitudeLongitude
* VisionOnDeviceImageLabelerOptions
* VisionPoint
* VisionText
* VisionTextBlock
* VisionTextElement
* VisionTextLine
* VisionTextRecognizedBreak
* VisionTextRecognizedLanguage
* VisionTextRecognizer
* Constants
* Overview
* all
* face
* leftCheek
* leftEar
* leftEye
* leftEye
* leftEyebrowBottom
* leftEyebrowTop
* lowerLipBottom
* lowerLipTop
* mouthBottom
* mouthLeft
* mouthRight
* noseBase
* noseBottom
* noseBridge
* rightCheek
* rightEar
* rightEye
* rightEye
* rightEyebrowBottom
* rightEyebrowTop
* upperLipBottom
* upperLipTop
* Enumerations
* Overview
* VisionBarcodeAddressType
* VisionBarcodeEmailType
* VisionBarcodeFormat
* VisionBarcodePhoneType
* VisionBarcodeValueType
* VisionBarcodeWiFiEncryptionType
* VisionCloudModelType
* VisionCloudTextModelType
* VisionDetectorImageOrientation
* VisionDocumentTextBlockType
* VisionFaceDetectorClassificationMode
* VisionFaceDetectorContourMode
* VisionFaceDetectorLandmarkMode
* VisionFaceDetectorPerformanceMode
* VisionImageLabelerType
* VisionTextRecognizedBreakType
* VisionTextRecognizerType
* Type Definitions
* Overview
* FaceContourType
* FaceLandmarkType
* VisionBarcodeDetectionCallback
* VisionCloudLandmarkDetectionCompletion
* VisionDocumentTextRecognitionCallback
* VisionFaceDetectionCallback
* VisionImageLabelerCallback
* VisionTextRecognitionCallback
* FirebasePerformance
* Classes
* Overview
* HTTPMetric
* Performance
* Trace
* Enumerations
* Overview
* HTTPMethod
* Protocols
* Overview
* PerformanceAttributable
* FirebaseRemoteConfig
* Classes
* Overview
* RemoteConfig
* RemoteConfigSettings
* RemoteConfigValue
* Constants
* Overview
* NamespaceGoogleMobilePlatform
* RemoteConfigErrorDomain
* RemoteConfigThrottledEndTimeInSecondsKey
* Enumerations
* Overview
* RemoteConfigFetchAndActivateStatus
* RemoteConfigFetchStatus
* RemoteConfigSource
* Error Types
* Type Definitions
* Overview
* FIRRemoteConfigActivateCompletion
* FIRRemoteConfigFetchAndActivateCompletion
* FIRRemoteConfigFetchCompletion
* FIRRemoteConfigInitializationCompletion
* FirebaseRemoteConfigSwift
* Enumerations
* Overview
* RemoteConfigCodableError
* RemoteConfigValueCodableError
* Extensions
* Overview
* RemoteConfig
* RemoteConfigValue
* FirebaseStorage
* Classes
* Overview
* Storage
* StorageDownloadTask
* StorageListResult
* StorageMetadata
* StorageObservableTask
* StorageReference
* StorageTask
* StorageTaskSnapshot
* StorageUploadTask
* Global Variables
* Overview
* StorageErrorDomain
* Enumerations
* Overview
* StorageError
* StorageErrorCode
* StorageTaskStatus
* Protocols
* Overview
* StorageTaskManagement
* GoogleMobileAds
* Classes
* Overview
* DFPBannerView
* DFPBannerViewOptions
* DFPCustomRenderedAd
* DFPInterstitial
* DFPRequest
* GADAdChoicesView
* GADAdLoader
* GADAdLoaderOptions
* GADAdReward
* GADAdapterStatus
* GADAudioVideoManager
* GADBannerView
* GADCorrelator
* GADCorrelatorAdLoaderOptions
* GADCustomEventExtras
* GADCustomEventRequest
* GADDebugOptionsViewController
* GADDefaultInAppPurchase
* GADDynamicHeightSearchRequest
* GADExtras
* GADInAppPurchase
* GADInitializationStatus
* GADInterstitial
* GADMediaContent
* GADMediaView
* GADMediatedNativeAdNotificationSource
* GADMediatedUnifiedNativeAdNotificationSource
* GADMediationAdConfiguration
* GADMediationBannerAdConfiguration
* GADMediationCredentials
* GADMediationInterstitialAdConfiguration
* GADMediationNativeAdConfiguration
* GADMediationRewardedAdConfiguration
* GADMediationServerConfiguration
* GADMobileAds
* GADMultipleAdsAdLoaderOptions
* GADMuteThisAdReason
* GADNativeAd
* GADNativeAdImage
* GADNativeAdImageAdLoaderOptions
* GADNativeAdViewAdOptions
* GADNativeAppInstallAd
* GADNativeAppInstallAdView
* GADNativeContentAd
* GADNativeContentAdView
* GADNativeCustomTemplateAd
* GADNativeExpressAdView
* GADNativeMuteThisAdLoaderOptions
* GADRTBRequestParameters
* GADRequest
* GADRequestConfiguration
* GADRequestError
* GADRewardBasedVideoAd
* GADRewardedAd
* GADSearchBannerView
* GADSearchRequest
* GADServerSideVerificationOptions
* GADUnifiedNativeAd
* GADUnifiedNativeAdView
* GADVideoController
* GADVideoOptions
* Constants
* Overview
* GADCustomEventParametersServer
* GADNativeCustomTemplateAdMediaViewKey
* GoogleMobileAdsVersionString
* adChoicesViewAsset
* adChoicesViewAsset
* advertiserAsset
* advertiserAsset
* attributionIconAsset
* attributionIconAsset
* attributionTextAsset
* attributionTextAsset
* backgroundAsset
* backgroundAsset
* bodyAsset
* bodyAsset
* bodyAsset
* callToActionAsset
* callToActionAsset
* callToActionAsset
* choicesViewAsset
* dfpBanner
* general
* headlineAsset
* headlineAsset
* headlineAsset
* iconAsset
* iconAsset
* imageAsset
* imageAsset
* imageAsset
* kDFPSimulatorID
* kGADAdSizeBanner
* kGADAdSizeFluid
* kGADAdSizeFullBanner
* kGADAdSizeInvalid
* kGADAdSizeLargeBanner
* kGADAdSizeLeaderboard
* kGADAdSizeMediumRectangle
* kGADAdSizeSkyscraper
* kGADAdSizeSmartBannerLandscape
* kGADAdSizeSmartBannerPortrait
* kGADErrorDomain
* kGADSimulatorID
* logoAsset
* matureAudience
* mediaViewAsset
* mediaViewAsset
* mediaViewAsset
* nativeAppInstall
* nativeContent
* nativeCustomTemplate
* parentalGuidance
* priceAsset
* priceAsset
* starRatingAsset
* starRatingAsset
* storeAsset
* storeAsset
* teen
* unifiedNative
* Enumerations
* Overview
* GADAdChoicesPosition
* GADAdFormat
* GADAdapterInitializationState
* GADErrorCode
* GADGender
* GADInAppPurchaseStatus
* GADMBannerAnimationType
* GADNativeAdImageAdLoaderOptionsOrientation
* GADSearchBorderType
* GADSearchCallButtonColor
* Protocols
* Overview
* DFPBannerAdLoaderDelegate
* DFPCustomRenderedBannerViewDelegate
* DFPCustomRenderedInterstitialDelegate
* GADAdLoaderDelegate
* GADAdNetworkExtras
* GADAdSizeDelegate
* GADAppEventDelegate
* GADAudioVideoManagerDelegate
* GADBannerViewDelegate
* GADCustomEventBanner
* GADCustomEventBannerDelegate
* GADCustomEventInterstitial
* GADCustomEventInterstitialDelegate
* GADCustomEventNativeAd
* GADCustomEventNativeAdDelegate
* GADDebugOptionsViewControllerDelegate
* GADDefaultInAppPurchaseDelegate
* GADInAppPurchaseDelegate
* GADInterstitialDelegate
* GADMAdNetworkAdapter
* GADMAdNetworkConnector
* GADMRewardBasedVideoAdNetworkAdapter
* GADMRewardBasedVideoAdNetworkConnector
* GADMediatedNativeAd
* GADMediatedNativeAdDelegate
* GADMediatedNativeAppInstallAd
* GADMediatedNativeContentAd
* GADMediatedUnifiedNativeAd
* GADMediationAd
* GADMediationAdEventDelegate
* GADMediationAdRequest
* GADMediationAdapter
* GADMediationBannerAd
* GADMediationBannerAdEventDelegate
* GADMediationInterstitialAd
* GADMediationInterstitialAdEventDelegate
* GADMediationNativeAd
* GADMediationNativeAdEventDelegate
* GADMediationRewardedAd
* GADMediationRewardedAdEventDelegate
* GADNativeAdDelegate
* GADNativeAppInstallAdLoaderDelegate
* GADNativeContentAdLoaderDelegate
* GADNativeCustomTemplateAdLoaderDelegate
* GADNativeExpressAdViewDelegate
* GADRTBAdapter
* GADRewardBasedVideoAdDelegate
* GADRewardedAdDelegate
* GADRewardedAdMetadataDelegate
* GADUnifiedNativeAdDelegate
* GADUnifiedNativeAdLoaderDelegate
* GADUnifiedNativeAdUnconfirmedClickDelegate
* GADVideoControllerDelegate
* Type Definitions
* Overview
* GADAdLoaderAdType
* GADAdMetadataKey
* GADAdSize
* GADInitializationCompletionHandler
* GADMaxAdContentRating
* GADMediationAdapterSetUpCompletionBlock
* GADMediationBannerLoadCompletionHandler
* GADMediationInterstitialLoadCompletionHandler
* GADMediationNativeLoadCompletionHandler
* GADMediationRewardedLoadCompletionHandler
* GADNativeAdCustomClickHandler
* GADNativeAppInstallAssetID
* GADNativeContentAdAssetID
* GADRTBSignalCompletionHandler
* GADRewardedAdLoadCompletionHandler
* GADUnifiedNativeAssetIdentifier
* GADVersionNumber
* Functions
* Overview
* CGSizeFromGADAdSize(_:)
* GADAdSizeEqualToSize(_:_:)
* GADAdSizeFromCGSize(_:)
* GADAdSizeFromNSValue(_:)
* GADAdSizeFullWidthLandscapeWithHeight(_:)
* GADAdSizeFullWidthPortraitWithHeight(_:)
* GADAdSizeIsFluid(_:)
* GADClosestValidSizeForAdSizes(_:_:)
* IsGADAdSizeValid(_:)
* NSStringFromGADAdSize(_:)
* NSValueFromGADAdSize(_:)
* Structures
* Overview
* GADAdSize
* GADVersionNumber
* iOS — Objective-C
* Module Index
* FirebaseCore
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRApp
* FIRConfiguration
* FIROptions
* Enumerations
* Overview
* FIRLoggerLevel
* Type Definitions
* Overview
* FIRAppVoidBoolCallback
* Functions
* Overview
* FIRFirebaseVersion
* FirebaseABTesting
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRExperimentController
* FIRLifecycleEvents
* Constants
* Overview
* FIRActivateExperimentEventName
* FIRClearExperimentEventName
* FIRDefaultExperimentOverflowPolicy
* FIRExpireExperimentEventName
* FIRSetExperimentEventName
* FIRTimeoutExperimentEventName
* Enumerations
* Overview
* ABTExperimentPayloadExperimentOverflowPolicy
* FirebaseAnalytics
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRAnalytics
* Constants
* Overview
* FIRConsentStatusDenied
* FIRConsentStatusGranted
* FIRConsentTypeAdStorage
* FIRConsentTypeAnalyticsStorage
* kFIREventAdImpression
* kFIREventAddPaymentInfo
* kFIREventAddShippingInfo
* kFIREventAddToCart
* kFIREventAddToWishlist
* kFIREventAppOpen
* kFIREventBeginCheckout
* kFIREventCampaignDetails
* kFIREventEarnVirtualCurrency
* kFIREventGenerateLead
* kFIREventJoinGroup
* kFIREventLevelEnd
* kFIREventLevelStart
* kFIREventLevelUp
* kFIREventLogin
* kFIREventPostScore
* kFIREventPurchase
* kFIREventRefund
* kFIREventRemoveFromCart
* kFIREventScreenView
* kFIREventSearch
* kFIREventSelectContent
* kFIREventSelectItem
* kFIREventSelectPromotion
* kFIREventShare
* kFIREventSignUp
* kFIREventSpendVirtualCurrency
* kFIREventTutorialBegin
* kFIREventTutorialComplete
* kFIREventUnlockAchievement
* kFIREventViewCart
* kFIREventViewItem
* kFIREventViewItemList
* kFIREventViewPromotion
* kFIREventViewSearchResults
* kFIRParameterAchievementID
* kFIRParameterAdFormat
* kFIRParameterAdNetworkClickID
* kFIRParameterAdPlatform
* kFIRParameterAdSource
* kFIRParameterAdUnitName
* kFIRParameterAffiliation
* kFIRParameterCP1
* kFIRParameterCampaign
* kFIRParameterCampaignID
* kFIRParameterCharacter
* kFIRParameterContent
* kFIRParameterContentType
* kFIRParameterCoupon
* kFIRParameterCreativeFormat
* kFIRParameterCreativeName
* kFIRParameterCreativeSlot
* kFIRParameterCurrency
* kFIRParameterDestination
* kFIRParameterDiscount
* kFIRParameterEndDate
* kFIRParameterExtendSession
* kFIRParameterFlightNumber
* kFIRParameterGroupID
* kFIRParameterIndex
* kFIRParameterItemBrand
* kFIRParameterItemCategory
* kFIRParameterItemCategory2
* kFIRParameterItemCategory3
* kFIRParameterItemCategory4
* kFIRParameterItemCategory5
* kFIRParameterItemID
* kFIRParameterItemListID
* kFIRParameterItemListName
* kFIRParameterItemName
* kFIRParameterItemVariant
* kFIRParameterItems
* kFIRParameterLevel
* kFIRParameterLevelName
* kFIRParameterLocation
* kFIRParameterLocationID
* kFIRParameterMarketingTactic
* kFIRParameterMedium
* kFIRParameterMethod
* kFIRParameterNumberOfNights
* kFIRParameterNumberOfPassengers
* kFIRParameterNumberOfRooms
* kFIRParameterOrigin
* kFIRParameterPaymentType
* kFIRParameterPrice
* kFIRParameterPromotionID
* kFIRParameterPromotionName
* kFIRParameterQuantity
* kFIRParameterScore
* kFIRParameterScreenClass
* kFIRParameterScreenName
* kFIRParameterSearchTerm
* kFIRParameterShipping
* kFIRParameterShippingTier
* kFIRParameterSource
* kFIRParameterSourcePlatform
* kFIRParameterStartDate
* kFIRParameterSuccess
* kFIRParameterTax
* kFIRParameterTerm
* kFIRParameterTransactionID
* kFIRParameterTravelClass
* kFIRParameterValue
* kFIRParameterVirtualCurrencyName
* kFIRUserPropertyAllowAdPersonalizationSignals
* kFIRUserPropertySignUpMethod
* Type Definitions
* Overview
* FIRConsentStatus
* FIRConsentType
* FirebaseAppCheck
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRAppAttestProvider
* FIRAppCheck
* FIRAppCheckDebugProvider
* FIRAppCheckDebugProviderFactory
* FIRAppCheckToken
* FIRDeviceCheckProvider
* FIRDeviceCheckProviderFactory
* Constants
* Overview
* FIRAppCheckAppCheckTokenDidChangeNotification
* FIRAppCheckErrorDomain
* kFIRAppCheckAppNameNotificationKey
* kFIRAppCheckTokenNotificationKey
* Enumerations
* Overview
* FIRAppCheckErrorCode
* Protocols
* Overview
* FIRAppCheckProvider
* FIRAppCheckProviderFactory
* FirebaseAppDistribution
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRAppDistribution
* FIRAppDistributionRelease
* Constants
* Overview
* FIRAppDistributionErrorDetailsKey
* FIRAppDistributionErrorDomain
* Enumerations
* Overview
* FIRAppDistributionError
* FirebaseAuth
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRActionCodeInfo
* FIRActionCodeSettings
* FIRActionCodeURL
* FIRAdditionalUserInfo
* FIRAuth
* FIRAuthCredential
* FIRAuthDataResult
* FIRAuthErrors
* FIRAuthSettings
* FIRAuthTokenResult
* FIREmailAuthProvider
* FIRFacebookAuthProvider
* FIRGameCenterAuthProvider
* FIRGitHubAuthProvider
* FIRGoogleAuthProvider
* FIRMultiFactor
* FIRMultiFactorAssertion
* FIRMultiFactorInfo
* FIRMultiFactorResolver
* FIRMultiFactorSession
* FIROAuthCredential
* FIROAuthProvider
* FIRPhoneAuthCredential
* FIRPhoneAuthProvider
* FIRPhoneMultiFactorAssertion
* FIRPhoneMultiFactorGenerator
* FIRPhoneMultiFactorInfo
* FIRTwitterAuthProvider
* FIRUser
* FIRUserMetadata
* FIRUserProfileChangeRequest
* Constants
* Overview
* FIRAuthErrorDomain
* FIRAuthErrorUserInfoEmailKey
* FIRAuthErrorUserInfoMultiFactorResolverKey
* FIRAuthErrorUserInfoNameKey
* FIRAuthErrorUserInfoUpdatedCredentialKey
* FIRAuthStateDidChangeNotification
* FIREmailAuthProviderID
* FIREmailLinkAuthSignInMethod
* FIREmailPasswordAuthSignInMethod
* FIRFacebookAuthProviderID
* FIRFacebookAuthSignInMethod
* FIRGameCenterAuthProviderID
* FIRGameCenterAuthSignInMethod
* FIRGitHubAuthProviderID
* FIRGitHubAuthSignInMethod
* FIRGoogleAuthProviderID
* FIRGoogleAuthSignInMethod
* FIRPhoneAuthProviderID
* FIRPhoneAuthSignInMethod
* FIRPhoneMultiFactorID
* FIRTwitterAuthProviderID
* FIRTwitterAuthSignInMethod
* Enumerations
* Overview
* FIRActionCodeOperation
* FIRAuthAPNSTokenType
* FIRAuthErrorCode
* Protocols
* Overview
* FIRAuthUIDelegate
* FIRFederatedAuthProvider
* FIRUserInfo
* Type Definitions
* Overview
* FIRApplyActionCodeCallback
* FIRAuthCredentialCallback
* FIRAuthDataResultCallback
* FIRAuthResultCallback
* FIRAuthStateDidChangeListenerBlock
* FIRAuthStateDidChangeListenerHandle
* FIRAuthTokenCallback
* FIRAuthTokenResultCallback
* FIRAuthVoidErrorCallback
* FIRCheckActionCodeCallBack
* FIRConfirmPasswordResetCallback
* FIRGameCenterCredentialCallback
* FIRIDTokenDidChangeListenerBlock
* FIRIDTokenDidChangeListenerHandle
* FIRMultiFactorSessionCallback
* FIRProviderQueryCallback
* FIRSendEmailVerificationCallback
* FIRSendPasswordResetCallback
* FIRSendSignInLinkToEmailCallback
* FIRSignInMethodQueryCallback
* FIRUserProfileChangeCallback
* FIRUserUpdateCallback
* FIRVerificationResultCallback
* FIRVerifyPasswordResetCodeCallback
* FirebaseCrashlytics
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRCrashlytics
* FIRCrashlyticsReport
* FIRExceptionModel
* FIRStackFrame
* FirebaseDatabase
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRDataSnapshot
* FIRDatabase
* FIRDatabaseQuery
* FIRDatabaseReference
* FIRMutableData
* FIRServerValue
* FIRTransactionResult
* Enumerations
* Overview
* FIRDataEventType
* Type Definitions
* Overview
* FIRDatabaseHandle
* FirebaseDynamicLinks
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRDynamicLink
* FIRDynamicLinkAndroidParameters
* FIRDynamicLinkComponents
* FIRDynamicLinkComponentsOptions
* FIRDynamicLinkGoogleAnalyticsParameters
* FIRDynamicLinkIOSParameters
* FIRDynamicLinkItunesConnectAnalyticsParameters
* FIRDynamicLinkNavigationInfoParameters
* FIRDynamicLinkOtherPlatformParameters
* FIRDynamicLinkSocialMetaTagParameters
* FIRDynamicLinks
* Enumerations
* Overview
* FIRDLMatchType
* FIRShortDynamicLinkPathLength
* Type Definitions
* Overview
* FIRDynamicLinkResolverHandler
* FIRDynamicLinkShortenerCompletion
* FIRDynamicLinkUniversalLinkHandler
* FirebaseFirestore
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRAggregateQuery
* FIRAggregateQuerySnapshot
* FIRCollectionReference
* FIRDocumentChange
* FIRDocumentReference
* FIRDocumentSnapshot
* FIRFieldPath
* FIRFieldValue
* FIRFirestore
* FIRFirestoreSettings
* FIRGeoPoint
* FIRLoadBundleTask
* FIRLoadBundleTaskProgress
* FIRQuery
* FIRQueryDocumentSnapshot
* FIRQuerySnapshot
* FIRSnapshotMetadata
* FIRTimestamp
* FIRTransaction
* FIRTransactionOptions
* FIRWriteBatch
* Constants
* Overview
* FIRFirestoreErrorDomain
* kFIRFirestoreCacheSizeUnlimited
* Enumerations
* Overview
* FIRAggregateSource
* FIRDocumentChangeType
* FIRFirestoreErrorCode
* FIRFirestoreSource
* FIRLoadBundleTaskState
* FIRServerTimestampBehavior
* Protocols
* Overview
* FIRListenerRegistration
* Type Definitions
* Overview
* FIRDocumentSnapshotBlock
* FIRLoadBundleObserverHandle
* FIRQuerySnapshotBlock
* FirebaseFunctions
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRFunctions
* FIRHTTPSCallable
* FIRHTTPSCallableResult
* Constants
* Overview
* FIRFunctionsErrorDetailsKey
* FIRFunctionsErrorDomain
* Enumerations
* Overview
* FIRFunctionsErrorCode
* FirebaseInAppMessaging
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRInAppMessaging
* FIRInAppMessagingAction
* FIRInAppMessagingActionButton
* FIRInAppMessagingBannerDisplay
* FIRInAppMessagingCampaignInfo
* FIRInAppMessagingCardDisplay
* FIRInAppMessagingDisplayMessage
* FIRInAppMessagingImageData
* FIRInAppMessagingImageOnlyDisplay
* FIRInAppMessagingModalDisplay
* Enumerations
* Overview
* FIAMDisplayRenderErrorType
* FIRInAppMessagingDismissType
* FIRInAppMessagingDisplayMessageType
* FIRInAppMessagingDisplayTriggerType
* Protocols
* Overview
* FIRInAppMessagingDisplay
* FIRInAppMessagingDisplayDelegate
* FirebaseInAppMessagingDisplay
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRIAMDefaultDisplayImpl
* FIRInAppMessagingAction
* FIRInAppMessagingActionButton
* FIRInAppMessagingBannerDisplay
* FIRInAppMessagingCampaignInfo
* FIRInAppMessagingCardDisplay
* FIRInAppMessagingDisplayMessage
* FIRInAppMessagingImageData
* FIRInAppMessagingImageOnlyDisplay
* FIRInAppMessagingModalDisplay
* Enumerations
* Overview
* FIAMDisplayRenderErrorType
* FIRInAppMessagingDismissType
* FIRInAppMessagingDisplayMessageType
* FIRInAppMessagingDisplayTriggerType
* Protocols
* Overview
* FIRInAppMessagingDisplay
* FIRInAppMessagingDisplayDelegate
* FirebaseInstallations
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRInstallations
* FIRInstallationsAuthTokenResult
* Constants
* Overview
* FIRInstallationIDDidChangeNotification
* kFIRInstallationIDDidChangeNotificationAppNameKey
* kFirebaseInstallationsErrorDomain
* Enumerations
* Overview
* FIRInstallationsErrorCode
* Type Definitions
* Overview
* FIRInstallationsIDHandler
* FIRInstallationsTokenHandler
* FirebaseInstanceID
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRInstanceID
* FIRInstanceIDResult
* Constants
* Overview
* kFIRInstanceIDScopeFirebaseMessaging
* kFIRInstanceIDTokenRefreshNotification
* Enumerations
* Overview
* FIRInstanceIDError
* Type Definitions
* Overview
* FIRInstanceIDDeleteHandler
* FIRInstanceIDDeleteTokenHandler
* FIRInstanceIDHandler
* FIRInstanceIDResultHandler
* FIRInstanceIDTokenHandler
* FirebaseMessaging
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRMessaging
* FIRMessagingExtensionHelper
* FIRMessagingMessageInfo
* Constants
* Overview
* FIRMessagingErrorDomain
* FIRMessagingRegistrationTokenRefreshedNotification
* Enumerations
* Overview
* FIRMessagingAPNSTokenType
* FIRMessagingError
* FIRMessagingMessageStatus
* Protocols
* Overview
* FIRMessagingDelegate
* Type Definitions
* Overview
* FIRMessagingDeleteFCMTokenCompletion
* FIRMessagingFCMTokenFetchCompletion
* FIRMessagingTopicOperationCompletion
* FirebaseMLCommon
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRLocalModel
* FIRModelDownloadConditions
* FIRModelManager
* FIRRemoteModel
* Constants
* Overview
* FIRModelDownloadDidFailNotification
* FIRModelDownloadDidSucceedNotification
* FIRModelDownloadUserInfoKeyError
* FIRModelDownloadUserInfoKeyRemoteModel
* Type Definitions
* Overview
* FIRModelDownloadUserInfoKey
* FirebaseMLModelInterpreter
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRCustomLocalModel
* FIRCustomRemoteModel
* FIRModelInputOutputOptions
* FIRModelInputs
* FIRModelInterpreter
* FIRModelOutputs
* Enumerations
* Overview
* FIRModelElementType
* Type Definitions
* Overview
* FIRModelInterpreterInputOutputOpIndexCallback
* FIRModelInterpreterRunCallback
* FirebaseMLVision
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRVision
* FIRVisionBarcode
* FIRVisionBarcodeAddress
* FIRVisionBarcodeCalendarEvent
* FIRVisionBarcodeContactInfo
* FIRVisionBarcodeDetector
* FIRVisionBarcodeDetectorOptions
* FIRVisionBarcodeDriverLicense
* FIRVisionBarcodeEmail
* FIRVisionBarcodeGeoPoint
* FIRVisionBarcodePersonName
* FIRVisionBarcodePhone
* FIRVisionBarcodeSMS
* FIRVisionBarcodeURLBookmark
* FIRVisionBarcodeWiFi
* FIRVisionCloudDetectorOptions
* FIRVisionCloudDocumentTextRecognizerOptions
* FIRVisionCloudImageLabelerOptions
* FIRVisionCloudLandmark
* FIRVisionCloudLandmarkDetector
* FIRVisionCloudTextRecognizerOptions
* FIRVisionDocumentText
* FIRVisionDocumentTextBlock
* FIRVisionDocumentTextParagraph
* FIRVisionDocumentTextRecognizer
* FIRVisionDocumentTextSymbol
* FIRVisionDocumentTextWord
* FIRVisionFace
* FIRVisionFaceContour
* FIRVisionFaceDetector
* FIRVisionFaceDetectorOptions
* FIRVisionFaceLandmark
* FIRVisionImage
* FIRVisionImageLabel
* FIRVisionImageLabeler
* FIRVisionImageMetadata
* FIRVisionLatitudeLongitude
* FIRVisionOnDeviceImageLabelerOptions
* FIRVisionPoint
* FIRVisionText
* FIRVisionTextBlock
* FIRVisionTextElement
* FIRVisionTextLine
* FIRVisionTextRecognizedBreak
* FIRVisionTextRecognizedLanguage
* FIRVisionTextRecognizer
* Constants
* Overview
* FIRFaceContourTypeAll
* FIRFaceContourTypeFace
* FIRFaceContourTypeLeftEye
* FIRFaceContourTypeLeftEyebrowBottom
* FIRFaceContourTypeLeftEyebrowTop
* FIRFaceContourTypeLowerLipBottom
* FIRFaceContourTypeLowerLipTop
* FIRFaceContourTypeNoseBottom
* FIRFaceContourTypeNoseBridge
* FIRFaceContourTypeRightEye
* FIRFaceContourTypeRightEyebrowBottom
* FIRFaceContourTypeRightEyebrowTop
* FIRFaceContourTypeUpperLipBottom
* FIRFaceContourTypeUpperLipTop
* FIRFaceLandmarkTypeLeftCheek
* FIRFaceLandmarkTypeLeftEar
* FIRFaceLandmarkTypeLeftEye
* FIRFaceLandmarkTypeMouthBottom
* FIRFaceLandmarkTypeMouthLeft
* FIRFaceLandmarkTypeMouthRight
* FIRFaceLandmarkTypeNoseBase
* FIRFaceLandmarkTypeRightCheek
* FIRFaceLandmarkTypeRightEar
* FIRFaceLandmarkTypeRightEye
* Enumerations
* Overview
* FIRVisionBarcodeAddressType
* FIRVisionBarcodeEmailType
* FIRVisionBarcodeFormat
* FIRVisionBarcodePhoneType
* FIRVisionBarcodeValueType
* FIRVisionBarcodeWiFiEncryptionType
* FIRVisionCloudModelType
* FIRVisionCloudTextModelType
* FIRVisionDetectorImageOrientation
* FIRVisionDocumentTextBlockType
* FIRVisionFaceDetectorClassificationMode
* FIRVisionFaceDetectorContourMode
* FIRVisionFaceDetectorLandmarkMode
* FIRVisionFaceDetectorPerformanceMode
* FIRVisionImageLabelerType
* FIRVisionTextRecognizedBreakType
* FIRVisionTextRecognizerType
* Type Definitions
* Overview
* FIRFaceContourType
* FIRFaceLandmarkType
* FIRVisionBarcodeDetectionCallback
* FIRVisionCloudLandmarkDetectionCompletion
* FIRVisionDocumentTextRecognitionCallback
* FIRVisionFaceDetectionCallback
* FIRVisionImageLabelerCallback
* FIRVisionTextRecognitionCallback
* FirebasePerformance
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRHTTPMetric
* FIRPerformance
* FIRTrace
* Enumerations
* Overview
* FIRHTTPMethod
* Protocols
* Overview
* FIRPerformanceAttributable
* FirebaseRemoteConfig
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRRemoteConfig
* FIRRemoteConfigSettings
* FIRRemoteConfigValue
* Constants
* Overview
* FIRNamespaceGoogleMobilePlatform
* FIRRemoteConfigErrorDomain
* FIRRemoteConfigThrottledEndTimeInSecondsKey
* Enumerations
* Overview
* FIRRemoteConfigError
* FIRRemoteConfigFetchAndActivateStatus
* FIRRemoteConfigFetchStatus
* FIRRemoteConfigSource
* Type Definitions
* Overview
* FIRRemoteConfigActivateCompletion
* FIRRemoteConfigFetchAndActivateCompletion
* FIRRemoteConfigFetchCompletion
* FIRRemoteConfigInitializationCompletion
* FirebaseStorage
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRStorage
* FIRStorageDownloadTask
* FIRStorageListResult
* FIRStorageMetadata
* FIRStorageObservableTask
* FIRStorageReference
* FIRStorageTask
* FIRStorageTaskSnapshot
* FIRStorageUploadTask
* Constants
* Overview
* FIRStorageErrorCodeDomain
* Enumerations
* Overview
* FIRStorageErrorCode
* FIRStorageTaskStatus
* Protocols
* Overview
* FIRStorageTaskManagement
* Type Definitions
* Overview
* FIRStorageHandle
* FIRStorageVoidDataError
* FIRStorageVoidError
* FIRStorageVoidMetadata
* FIRStorageVoidMetadataError
* FIRStorageVoidSnapshot
* FIRStorageVoidURLError
* GoogleMobileAds
* Classes
* Overview
* DFPBannerView
* DFPBannerViewOptions
* DFPCustomRenderedAd
* DFPInterstitial
* DFPRequest
* GADAdChoicesView
* GADAdLoader
* GADAdLoaderOptions
* GADAdReward
* GADAdapterStatus
* GADAudioVideoManager
* GADBannerView
* GADCorrelator
* GADCorrelatorAdLoaderOptions
* GADCustomEventExtras
* GADCustomEventRequest
* GADDebugOptionsViewController
* GADDefaultInAppPurchase
* GADDynamicHeightSearchRequest
* GADExtras
* GADInAppPurchase
* GADInitializationStatus
* GADInterstitial
* GADMediaContent
* GADMediaView
* GADMediatedNativeAdNotificationSource
* GADMediatedUnifiedNativeAdNotificationSource
* GADMediationAdConfiguration
* GADMediationBannerAdConfiguration
* GADMediationCredentials
* GADMediationInterstitialAdConfiguration
* GADMediationNativeAdConfiguration
* GADMediationRewardedAdConfiguration
* GADMediationServerConfiguration
* GADMobileAds
* GADMultipleAdsAdLoaderOptions
* GADMuteThisAdReason
* GADNativeAd
* GADNativeAdImage
* GADNativeAdImageAdLoaderOptions
* GADNativeAdViewAdOptions
* GADNativeAppInstallAd
* GADNativeAppInstallAdView
* GADNativeContentAd
* GADNativeContentAdView
* GADNativeCustomTemplateAd
* GADNativeExpressAdView
* GADNativeMuteThisAdLoaderOptions
* GADRTBRequestParameters
* GADRequest
* GADRequestConfiguration
* GADRequestError
* GADRewardBasedVideoAd
* GADRewardedAd
* GADSearchBannerView
* GADSearchRequest
* GADServerSideVerificationOptions
* GADUnifiedNativeAd
* GADUnifiedNativeAdView
* GADVideoController
* GADVideoOptions
* Constants
* Overview
* GADCustomEventParametersServer
* GADMaxAdContentRatingGeneral
* GADMaxAdContentRatingMatureAudience
* GADMaxAdContentRatingParentalGuidance
* GADMaxAdContentRatingTeen
* GADNativeAppInstallAdChoicesViewAsset
* GADNativeAppInstallAttributionIconAsset
* GADNativeAppInstallAttributionTextAsset
* GADNativeAppInstallBackgroundAsset
* GADNativeAppInstallBodyAsset
* GADNativeAppInstallCallToActionAsset
* GADNativeAppInstallHeadlineAsset
* GADNativeAppInstallIconAsset
* GADNativeAppInstallImageAsset
* GADNativeAppInstallMediaViewAsset
* GADNativeAppInstallPriceAsset
* GADNativeAppInstallStarRatingAsset
* GADNativeAppInstallStoreAsset
* GADNativeContentAdChoicesViewAsset
* GADNativeContentAdvertiserAsset
* GADNativeContentAttributionIconAsset
* GADNativeContentAttributionTextAsset
* GADNativeContentBackgroundAsset
* GADNativeContentBodyAsset
* GADNativeContentCallToActionAsset
* GADNativeContentHeadlineAsset
* GADNativeContentImageAsset
* GADNativeContentLogoAsset
* GADNativeContentMediaViewAsset
* GADNativeCustomTemplateAdMediaViewKey
* GADUnifiedNativeAdChoicesViewAsset
* GADUnifiedNativeAdvertiserAsset
* GADUnifiedNativeBodyAsset
* GADUnifiedNativeCallToActionAsset
* GADUnifiedNativeHeadlineAsset
* GADUnifiedNativeIconAsset
* GADUnifiedNativeImageAsset
* GADUnifiedNativeMediaViewAsset
* GADUnifiedNativePriceAsset
* GADUnifiedNativeStarRatingAsset
* GADUnifiedNativeStoreAsset
* GoogleMobileAdsVersionString
* kDFPSimulatorID
* kGADAdLoaderAdTypeDFPBanner
* kGADAdLoaderAdTypeNativeAppInstall
* kGADAdLoaderAdTypeNativeContent
* kGADAdLoaderAdTypeNativeCustomTemplate
* kGADAdLoaderAdTypeUnifiedNative
* kGADAdSizeBanner
* kGADAdSizeFluid
* kGADAdSizeFullBanner
* kGADAdSizeInvalid
* kGADAdSizeLargeBanner
* kGADAdSizeLeaderboard
* kGADAdSizeMediumRectangle
* kGADAdSizeSkyscraper
* kGADAdSizeSmartBannerLandscape
* kGADAdSizeSmartBannerPortrait
* kGADErrorDomain
* kGADSimulatorID
* Enumerations
* Overview
* GADAdChoicesPosition
* GADAdFormat
* GADAdapterInitializationState
* GADErrorCode
* GADGender
* GADInAppPurchaseStatus
* GADMBannerAnimationType
* GADNativeAdImageAdLoaderOptionsOrientation
* GADSearchBorderType
* GADSearchCallButtonColor
* Protocols
* Overview
* DFPBannerAdLoaderDelegate
* DFPCustomRenderedBannerViewDelegate
* DFPCustomRenderedInterstitialDelegate
* GADAdLoaderDelegate
* GADAdNetworkExtras
* GADAdSizeDelegate
* GADAppEventDelegate
* GADAudioVideoManagerDelegate
* GADBannerViewDelegate
* GADCustomEventBanner
* GADCustomEventBannerDelegate
* GADCustomEventInterstitial
* GADCustomEventInterstitialDelegate
* GADCustomEventNativeAd
* GADCustomEventNativeAdDelegate
* GADDebugOptionsViewControllerDelegate
* GADDefaultInAppPurchaseDelegate
* GADInAppPurchaseDelegate
* GADInterstitialDelegate
* GADMAdNetworkAdapter
* GADMAdNetworkConnector
* GADMRewardBasedVideoAdNetworkAdapter
* GADMRewardBasedVideoAdNetworkConnector
* GADMediatedNativeAd
* GADMediatedNativeAdDelegate
* GADMediatedNativeAppInstallAd
* GADMediatedNativeContentAd
* GADMediatedUnifiedNativeAd
* GADMediationAd
* GADMediationAdEventDelegate
* GADMediationAdRequest
* GADMediationAdapter
* GADMediationBannerAd
* GADMediationBannerAdEventDelegate
* GADMediationInterstitialAd
* GADMediationInterstitialAdEventDelegate
* GADMediationNativeAd
* GADMediationNativeAdEventDelegate
* GADMediationRewardedAd
* GADMediationRewardedAdEventDelegate
* GADNativeAdDelegate
* GADNativeAppInstallAdLoaderDelegate
* GADNativeContentAdLoaderDelegate
* GADNativeCustomTemplateAdLoaderDelegate
* GADNativeExpressAdViewDelegate
* GADRTBAdapter
* GADRewardBasedVideoAdDelegate
* GADRewardedAdDelegate
* GADRewardedAdMetadataDelegate
* GADUnifiedNativeAdDelegate
* GADUnifiedNativeAdLoaderDelegate
* GADUnifiedNativeAdUnconfirmedClickDelegate
* GADVideoControllerDelegate
* Type Definitions
* Overview
* GADAdLoaderAdType
* GADAdMetadataKey
* GADAdSize
* GADInitializationCompletionHandler
* GADMaxAdContentRating
* GADMediationAdapterSetUpCompletionBlock
* GADMediationBannerLoadCompletionHandler
* GADMediationInterstitialLoadCompletionHandler
* GADMediationNativeLoadCompletionHandler
* GADMediationRewardedLoadCompletionHandler
* GADNativeAdCustomClickHandler
* GADNativeAppInstallAssetID
* GADNativeContentAdAssetID
* GADRTBSignalCompletionHandler
* GADRewardedAdLoadCompletionHandler
* GADUnifiedNativeAssetIdentifier
* GADVersionNumber
* Functions
* Overview
* CGSizeFromGADAdSize
* GADAdSizeEqualToSize
* GADAdSizeFromCGSize
* GADAdSizeFromNSValue
* GADAdSizeFullWidthLandscapeWithHeight
* GADAdSizeFullWidthPortraitWithHeight
* GADAdSizeIsFluid
* GADClosestValidSizeForAdSizes
* IsGADAdSizeValid
* NSStringFromGADAdSize
* NSValueFromGADAdSize
* Structures
* Overview
* GADAdSize
* Android — Kotlin
* Package Summary
* firebase
* com.google.firebase
* Overview
* Classes
* FirebaseApp
* FirebaseOptions
* FirebaseOptions.Builder
* Timestamp
* Exceptions
* FirebaseNetworkException
* FirebaseTooManyRequestsException
* com.google.firebase.provider
* Overview
* Classes
* FirebaseInitProvider
* com.google.firebase.ktx
* Overview
* Objects
* Firebase
* firebase.analytics
* com.google.firebase.analytics
* Overview
* Classes
* FirebaseAnalytics
* FirebaseAnalytics.Event
* FirebaseAnalytics.Param
* FirebaseAnalytics.UserProperty
* Enums
* FirebaseAnalytics.ConsentStatus
* FirebaseAnalytics.ConsentType
* com.google.firebase.analytics.ktx
* Overview
* Classes
* ParametersBuilder
* firebase.appcheck
* com.google.firebase.appcheck
* Overview
* Interfaces
* AppCheckProvider
* AppCheckProviderFactory
* FirebaseAppCheck.AppCheckListener
* Classes
* AppCheckToken
* FirebaseAppCheck
* com.google.firebase.appcheck.debug
* Overview
* Classes
* DebugAppCheckProviderFactory
* com.google.firebase.appcheck.debug.testing
* Overview
* Interfaces
* DebugAppCheckTestHelper.MaybeThrowingRunnable
* Classes
* DebugAppCheckTestHelper
* com.google.firebase.appcheck.playintegrity
* Overview
* Classes
* PlayIntegrityAppCheckProviderFactory
* com.google.firebase.appcheck.safetynet
* Overview
* Classes
* SafetyNetAppCheckProviderFactory
* com.google.firebase.appcheck.ktx
* firebase.appdistribution
* com.google.firebase.appdistribution
* Overview
* Interfaces
* AppDistributionRelease
* FirebaseAppDistribution
* OnProgressListener
* UpdateProgress
* Classes
* UpdateTask
* Enums
* BinaryType
* FirebaseAppDistributionException.Status
* UpdateStatus
* Exceptions
* FirebaseAppDistributionException
* com.google.firebase.appdistribution.ktx
* firebase.auth
* com.google.firebase.auth
* Overview
* Classes
* ActionCodeEmailInfo
* ActionCodeInfo
* ActionCodeMultiFactorInfo
* ActionCodeSettings
* ActionCodeSettings.Builder
* ActionCodeUrl
* AuthCredential
* EmailAuthCredential
* EmailAuthProvider
* FacebookAuthCredential
* FacebookAuthProvider
* FederatedAuthProvider
* FirebaseAuth
* FirebaseAuthSettings
* FirebaseUser
* GithubAuthCredential
* GithubAuthProvider
* GoogleAuthCredential
* GoogleAuthProvider
* MultiFactor
* MultiFactorAssertion
* MultiFactorInfo
* MultiFactorResolver
* MultiFactorSession
* OAuthCredential
* OAuthProvider
* OAuthProvider.Builder
* OAuthProvider.CredentialBuilder
* PhoneAuthCredential
* PhoneAuthOptions
* PhoneAuthOptions.Builder
* PhoneAuthProvider
* PhoneAuthProvider.ForceResendingToken
* PhoneAuthProvider.OnVerificationStateChangedCallbacks
* PhoneMultiFactorAssertion
* PhoneMultiFactorGenerator
* PhoneMultiFactorInfo
* PlayGamesAuthCredential
* PlayGamesAuthProvider
* TwitterAuthCredential
* TwitterAuthProvider
* UserProfileChangeRequest
* UserProfileChangeRequest.Builder
* Interfaces
* ActionCodeResult
* AdditionalUserInfo
* AuthResult
* FirebaseAuth.AuthStateListener
* FirebaseAuth.IdTokenListener
* FirebaseAuthProvider
* FirebaseUserMetadata
* SignInMethodQueryResult
* UserInfo
* Annotations
* ActionCodeResult.ActionDataKey
* ActionCodeResult.Operation
* Exceptions
* FirebaseAuthActionCodeException
* FirebaseAuthEmailException
* FirebaseAuthInvalidCredentialsException
* FirebaseAuthInvalidUserException
* FirebaseAuthMultiFactorException
* FirebaseAuthRecentLoginRequiredException
* FirebaseAuthUserCollisionException
* FirebaseAuthWeakPasswordException
* FirebaseAuthWebException
* com.google.firebase.auth.ktx
* firebase.crashlytics
* com.google.firebase.crashlytics
* Overview
* Classes
* CustomKeysAndValues
* CustomKeysAndValues.Builder
* FirebaseCrashlytics
* com.google.firebase.crashlytics.ktx
* Overview
* Classes
* KeyValueBuilder
* firebase.database
* com.google.firebase.database
* Overview
* Interfaces
* ChildEventListener
* DatabaseReference.CompletionListener
* Logger
* Transaction.Handler
* ValueEventListener
* Classes
* DataSnapshot
* DatabaseError
* DatabaseReference
* FirebaseDatabase
* GenericTypeIndicator
* MutableData
* OnDisconnect
* Query
* ServerValue
* Transaction
* Transaction.Result
* Enums
* Logger.Level
* Exceptions
* DatabaseException
* Annotations
* Exclude
* IgnoreExtraProperties
* PropertyName
* ThrowOnExtraProperties
* com.google.firebase.database.ktx
* Overview
* Classes
* ChildEvent
* ChildEvent.Added
* ChildEvent.Changed
* ChildEvent.Moved
* ChildEvent.Removed
* firebase.dynamiclinks
* com.google.firebase.dynamiclinks
* Overview
* Interfaces
* ShortDynamicLink
* ShortDynamicLink.Warning
* Classes
* DynamicLink
* DynamicLink.AndroidParameters
* DynamicLink.AndroidParameters.Builder
* DynamicLink.Builder
* DynamicLink.GoogleAnalyticsParameters
* DynamicLink.GoogleAnalyticsParameters.Builder
* DynamicLink.IosParameters
* DynamicLink.IosParameters.Builder
* DynamicLink.ItunesConnectAnalyticsParameters
* DynamicLink.ItunesConnectAnalyticsParameters.Builder
* DynamicLink.NavigationInfoParameters
* DynamicLink.NavigationInfoParameters.Builder
* DynamicLink.SocialMetaTagParameters
* DynamicLink.SocialMetaTagParameters.Builder
* FirebaseDynamicLinks
* PendingDynamicLinkData
* Annotations
* ShortDynamicLink.Suffix
* com.google.firebase.dynamiclinks.ktx
* firebase.firestore
* com.google.firebase.firestore
* Overview
* Interfaces
* EventListener
* ListenerRegistration
* OnProgressListener
* Transaction.Function
* WriteBatch.Function
* Classes
* AggregateQuery
* AggregateQuerySnapshot
* Blob
* CollectionReference
* DocumentChange
* DocumentReference
* DocumentSnapshot
* FieldPath
* FieldValue
* FirebaseFirestore
* FirebaseFirestoreSettings
* FirebaseFirestoreSettings.Builder
* GeoPoint
* LoadBundleTask
* LoadBundleTaskProgress
* Query
* QueryDocumentSnapshot
* QuerySnapshot
* SetOptions
* SnapshotMetadata
* Transaction
* TransactionOptions
* TransactionOptions.Builder
* WriteBatch
* Enums
* AggregateSource
* DocumentChange.Type
* DocumentSnapshot.ServerTimestampBehavior
* FirebaseFirestoreException.Code
* LoadBundleTaskProgress.TaskState
* MetadataChanges
* Query.Direction
* Source
* Exceptions
* FirebaseFirestoreException
* Annotations
* DocumentId
* Exclude
* IgnoreExtraProperties
* PropertyName
* ServerTimestamp
* ThrowOnExtraProperties
* com.google.firebase.firestore.ktx
* firebase.functions
* com.google.firebase.functions
* Overview
* Classes
* FirebaseFunctions
* HttpsCallableReference
* HttpsCallableResult
* Enums
* FirebaseFunctionsException.Code
* Exceptions
* FirebaseFunctionsException
* com.google.firebase.functions.ktx
* firebase.inappmessaging
* com.google.firebase.inappmessaging
* Overview
* Interfaces
* FirebaseInAppMessagingClickListener
* FirebaseInAppMessagingDismissListener
* FirebaseInAppMessagingDisplay
* FirebaseInAppMessagingDisplayCallbacks
* FirebaseInAppMessagingDisplayErrorListener
* FirebaseInAppMessagingImpressionListener
* Classes
* FirebaseInAppMessaging
* FirebaseInAppMessagingContextualTrigger
* Enums
* FirebaseInAppMessagingDisplayCallbacks.InAppMessagingDismissType
* FirebaseInAppMessagingDisplayCallbacks.InAppMessagingErrorReason
* com.google.firebase.inappmessaging.model
* Overview
* Classes
* Action
* BannerMessage
* Button
* CampaignMetadata
* CardMessage
* ImageData
* ImageOnlyMessage
* InAppMessage
* ModalMessage
* Text
* Enums
* MessageType
* com.google.firebase.inappmessaging.ktx
* firebase.inappmessaging.display
* com.google.firebase.inappmessaging.display
* Overview
* Classes
* FirebaseInAppMessagingDisplay
* com.google.firebase.inappmessaging.display.ktx
* firebase.installations
* com.google.firebase.installations
* Overview
* Classes
* FirebaseInstallations
* com.google.firebase.installations.ktx
* firebase.messaging
* com.google.firebase.messaging
* Overview
* Classes
* FirebaseMessaging
* FirebaseMessagingService
* RemoteMessage
* RemoteMessage.Builder
* RemoteMessage.Notification
* Exceptions
* SendException
* Annotations
* RemoteMessage.MessagePriority
* com.google.firebase.messaging.ktx
* firebase.ml.modeldownloader
* com.google.firebase.ml.modeldownloader
* Overview
* Classes
* CustomModel
* CustomModelDownloadConditions
* CustomModelDownloadConditions.Builder
* FirebaseModelDownloader
* Enums
* DownloadType
* Exceptions
* FirebaseMlException
* Annotations
* FirebaseMlException.Code
* com.google.firebase.ml.modeldownloader.ktx
* firebase.perf
* com.google.firebase.perf
* Overview
* Classes
* FirebasePerformance
* Annotations
* FirebasePerformance.HttpMethod
* com.google.firebase.perf.metrics
* Overview
* Classes
* HttpMetric
* Trace
* Annotations
* AddTrace
* com.google.firebase.perf.ktx
* firebase.remoteconfig
* com.google.firebase.remoteconfig
* Overview
* Interfaces
* FirebaseRemoteConfigInfo
* FirebaseRemoteConfigValue
* Classes
* FirebaseRemoteConfig
* FirebaseRemoteConfigSettings
* FirebaseRemoteConfigSettings.Builder
* Exceptions
* FirebaseRemoteConfigClientException
* FirebaseRemoteConfigException
* FirebaseRemoteConfigFetchThrottledException
* FirebaseRemoteConfigServerException
* com.google.firebase.remoteconfig.ktx
* firebase.storage
* com.google.firebase.storage
* Overview
* Interfaces
* OnPausedListener
* OnProgressListener
* StorageTask.ProvideError
* StreamDownloadTask.StreamProcessor
* Classes
* CancellableTask
* ControllableTask
* FileDownloadTask
* FileDownloadTask.TaskSnapshot
* FirebaseStorage
* ListResult
* StorageMetadata
* StorageMetadata.Builder
* StorageReference
* StorageTask
* StorageTask.SnapshotBase
* StreamDownloadTask
* StreamDownloadTask.TaskSnapshot
* UploadTask
* UploadTask.TaskSnapshot
* Exceptions
* StorageException
* Annotations
* StorageException.ErrorCode
* com.google.firebase.storage.ktx
* Overview
* Classes
* TaskState
* TaskState.InProgress
* TaskState.Paused
* Android — Java
* Package Summary
* ads
* ads
* Overview
* AdError
* AdFormat
* AdInspectorError
* Overview
* AdInspectorErrorCode
* AdListener
* AdLoadCallback
* AdLoader
* Overview
* Builder
* AdRequest
* Overview
* Builder
* AdSize
* AdValue
* Overview
* PrecisionType
* AdView
* AdapterResponseInfo
* BaseAdView
* FullScreenContentCallback
* LoadAdError
* MediaAspectRatio
* MediaContent
* MediationUtils
* MobileAds
* MuteThisAdListener
* MuteThisAdReason
* OnAdInspectorClosedListener
* OnPaidEventListener
* OnUserEarnedRewardListener
* RequestConfiguration
* Overview
* Builder
* MaxAdContentRating
* TagForChildDirectedTreatment
* TagForUnderAgeOfConsent
* ResponseInfo
* VersionInfo
* VideoController
* Overview
* VideoLifecycleCallbacks
* VideoOptions
* Overview
* Builder
* ads.admanager
* Overview
* AdManagerAdRequest
* Overview
* Builder
* AdManagerAdView
* AdManagerInterstitialAd
* AdManagerInterstitialAdLoadCallback
* AppEventListener
* ads.appopen
* Overview
* AppOpenAd
* Overview
* AppOpenAdLoadCallback
* AppOpenAdOrientation
* ads.formats
* Overview
* AdManagerAdViewOptions
* Overview
* Builder
* MediaView
* NativeAd
* Overview
* AdChoicesInfo
* Image
* NativeAdOptions
* Overview
* AdChoicesPlacement
* Builder
* NativeMediaAspectRatio
* OnAdManagerAdViewLoadedListener
* UnifiedNativeAdAssetNames
* ads.h5
* Overview
* H5AdsRequestHandler
* H5AdsWebViewClient
* OnH5AdsEventListener
* ads.initialization
* Overview
* AdapterStatus
* Overview
* State
* InitializationStatus
* OnInitializationCompleteListener
* ads.interstitial
* Overview
* InterstitialAd
* InterstitialAdLoadCallback
* ads.mediation
* Overview
* Adapter
* InitializationCompleteCallback
* MediationAdCallback
* MediationAdConfiguration
* Overview
* TagForChildDirectedTreatment
* MediationAdLoadCallback
* MediationAdRequest
* MediationAdapter
* MediationAppOpenAd
* MediationAppOpenAdCallback
* MediationAppOpenAdConfiguration
* MediationBannerAd
* MediationBannerAdCallback
* MediationBannerAdConfiguration
* MediationBannerAdapter
* MediationBannerListener
* MediationConfiguration
* MediationExtrasReceiver
* MediationInterscrollerAd
* MediationInterstitialAd
* MediationInterstitialAdCallback
* MediationInterstitialAdConfiguration
* MediationInterstitialAdapter
* MediationInterstitialListener
* MediationNativeAdCallback
* MediationNativeAdConfiguration
* MediationNativeAdapter
* MediationNativeListener
* MediationRewardedAd
* MediationRewardedAdCallback
* MediationRewardedAdConfiguration
* NativeMediationAdRequest
* NetworkExtras
* OnContextChangedListener
* OnImmersiveModeUpdatedListener
* UnifiedNativeAdMapper
* VersionInfo
* ads.mediation.customevent
* Overview
* CustomEvent
* CustomEventBanner
* CustomEventBannerListener
* CustomEventExtras
* CustomEventInterstitial
* CustomEventInterstitialListener
* CustomEventListener
* CustomEventNative
* CustomEventNativeListener
* ads.mediation.rtb
* Overview
* RtbAdapter
* RtbSignalData
* SignalCallbacks
* ads.nativead
* Overview
* AdChoicesView
* MediaView
* NativeAd
* Overview
* AdChoicesInfo
* Image
* OnNativeAdLoadedListener
* UnconfirmedClickListener
* NativeAdAssetNames
* NativeAdOptions
* Overview
* AdChoicesPlacement
* Builder
* NativeMediaAspectRatio
* SwipeGestureDirection
* NativeAdView
* NativeAdViewHolder
* NativeCustomFormatAd
* Overview
* DisplayOpenMeasurement
* OnCustomClickListener
* OnCustomFormatAdLoadedListener
* ads.query
* Overview
* QueryInfo
* QueryInfoGenerationCallback
* ads.rewarded
* Overview
* OnAdMetadataChangedListener
* RewardItem
* RewardedAd
* RewardedAdLoadCallback
* ServerSideVerificationOptions
* Overview
* Builder
* ads.rewardedinterstitial
* Overview
* RewardedInterstitialAd
* RewardedInterstitialAdLoadCallback
* ads.search
* Overview
* DynamicHeightSearchAdRequest
* Overview
* Builder
* SearchAdView
* appindexing
* appindexing
* Overview
* Action
* Overview
* Builder
* AndroidAppUri
* AppIndex
* AppIndexApi
* Overview
* ActionResult
* AppIndexingLink
* Thing
* Overview
* Builder
* firebase.appindexing
* Overview
* Action
* Overview
* Builder
* Action.Metadata
* Overview
* Builder
* AndroidAppUri
* FirebaseAppIndex
* FirebaseAppIndexingException
* FirebaseAppIndexingInvalidArgumentException
* FirebaseAppIndexingTooManyArgumentsException
* FirebaseUserActions
* Indexable
* Overview
* Builder
* Indexable.Metadata
* Overview
* Builder
* Scope
* firebase.appindexing.builders
* Overview
* Actions
* AggregateRatingBuilder
* AlarmBuilder
* AlarmInstanceBuilder
* AssistActionBuilder
* AudiobookBuilder
* BookBuilder
* ConversationBuilder
* DigitalDocumentBuilder
* DigitalDocumentPermissionBuilder
* GeoShapeBuilder
* IndexableBuilder
* Indexables
* LocalBusinessBuilder
* MessageBuilder
* MusicAlbumBuilder
* MusicGroupBuilder
* MusicPlaylistBuilder
* MusicRecordingBuilder
* PersonBuilder
* PhotographBuilder
* PlaceBuilder
* PostalAddressBuilder
* ReservationBuilder
* StickerBuilder
* StickerPackBuilder
* StopwatchBuilder
* StopwatchLapBuilder
* TimerBuilder
* VideoObjectBuilder
* measurement
* measurement
* Overview
* AppMeasurementJobService
* AppMeasurementReceiver
* AppMeasurementService
* measurement.api
* firebase.analytics
* Overview
* FirebaseAnalytics
* Overview
* ConsentStatus
* ConsentType
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* Upgrade to Node.js Admin SDK v10
* Java
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* Overview
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* Builder
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* com.google.firebase.auth.hash
* Overview
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* Builder
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* Overview
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* Overview
* Builder
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* Go
* Reference docs
* Migrate to Go Admin SDK v4
* .NET
* Overview
* FirebaseAdmin
* Overview
* Classes
* AppOptions
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* Overview
* Classes
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* ImportUserRecordArgs
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* PhoneIdentifier
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* UserImportHash
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* UserImportResult
* UserMetadata
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* UserRecord
* UserRecordArgs
* Interfaces
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* Overview
* Classes
* Bcrypt
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* RepeatableHash
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* FirebaseAdmin.Auth.Multitenancy
* Overview
* Classes
* ListTenantsOptions
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* Overview
* Classes
* AuthProviderConfig
* AuthProviderConfigArgs< T >
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* Overview
* Classes
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* FirebaseMessagingException
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* Message
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* Notification
* SendResponse
* TopicManagementResponse
* WebpushConfig
* WebpushFcmOptions
* WebpushNotification
* Migrate to .NET Admin SDK v2
* REST
* Set up and manage a project
* Overview
* REST Resources
* availableProjects
* Overview
* list
* operations
* Overview
* get
* projects
* Overview
* addFirebase
* addGoogleAnalytics
* get
* getAdminSdkConfig
* getAnalyticsDetails
* list
* patch
* removeAnalytics
* searchApps
* projects.androidApps
* Overview
* create
* get
* getConfig
* list
* patch
* remove
* undelete
* projects.androidApps.sha
* Overview
* create
* delete
* list
* projects.availableLocations
* Overview
* list
* projects.defaultLocation
* Overview
* finalize
* projects.iosApps
* Overview
* create
* get
* getConfig
* list
* patch
* remove
* undelete
* projects.webApps
* Overview
* create
* get
* getConfig
* list
* patch
* remove
* undelete
* Types
* State
* Firebase App Check
* Overview
* v1
* REST Resources
* jwks
* Overview
* get
* projects.apps
* Overview
* exchangeAppAttestAssertion
* exchangeAppAttestAttestation
* exchangeCustomToken
* exchangeDebugToken
* exchangeDeviceCheckToken
* exchangePlayIntegrityToken
* exchangeRecaptchaEnterpriseToken
* exchangeRecaptchaV3Token
* exchangeSafetyNetToken
* generateAppAttestChallenge
* generatePlayIntegrityChallenge
* projects.apps.appAttestConfig
* Overview
* batchGet
* get
* patch
* projects.apps.debugTokens
* Overview
* create
* delete
* get
* list
* patch
* projects.apps.deviceCheckConfig
* Overview
* batchGet
* get
* patch
* projects.apps.playIntegrityConfig
* Overview
* batchGet
* get
* patch
* projects.apps.recaptchaEnterpriseConfig
* Overview
* batchGet
* get
* patch
* projects.apps.recaptchaV3Config
* Overview
* batchGet
* get
* patch
* projects.apps.safetyNetConfig
* Overview
* batchGet
* get
* patch
* projects.services
* Overview
* batchUpdate
* get
* list
* patch
* Types
* AppCheckToken
* v1beta
* REST Resources
* jwks
* Overview
* get
* projects.apps
* Overview
* exchangeAppAttestAssertion
* exchangeAppAttestAttestation
* exchangeCustomToken
* exchangeDebugToken
* exchangeDeviceCheckToken
* exchangePlayIntegrityToken
* exchangeRecaptchaEnterpriseToken
* exchangeRecaptchaToken
* exchangeRecaptchaV3Token
* exchangeSafetyNetToken
* generateAppAttestChallenge
* generatePlayIntegrityChallenge
* projects.apps.appAttestConfig
* Overview
* batchGet
* get
* patch
* projects.apps.debugTokens
* Overview
* create
* delete
* get
* list
* patch
* projects.apps.deviceCheckConfig
* Overview
* batchGet
* get
* patch
* projects.apps.playIntegrityConfig
* Overview
* batchGet
* get
* patch
* projects.apps.recaptchaConfig
* Overview
* batchGet
* get
* patch
* projects.apps.recaptchaEnterpriseConfig
* Overview
* batchGet
* get
* patch
* projects.apps.recaptchaV3Config
* Overview
* batchGet
* get
* patch
* projects.apps.safetyNetConfig
* Overview
* batchGet
* get
* patch
* projects.services
* Overview
* batchUpdate
* get
* list
* patch
* Types
* AppCheckToken
* Configure a project's OAuth providers
* Authentication and User Management
* Cloud Storage for Firebase
* Overview
* REST Resources
* projects.buckets
* Overview
* addFirebase
* get
* list
* removeFirebase
* Realtime Database
* Realtime Database
* Realtime Database Instance Management
* Overview
* REST Resources
* projects.locations.instances
* Overview
* create
* delete
* disable
* get
* list
* reenable
* undelete
* Realtime Database Cloud Audit Logging Metadata
* Overview
* Types
* RealtimeDatabaseAuditMetadata.Precondition.PreconditionType
* RealtimeDatabaseAuditMetadata.Protocol
* RealtimeDatabaseAuditMetadata.QueryMetadata.Direction
* RealtimeDatabaseAuditMetadata.RequestType
* RealtimeDatabaseAuditMetadata.RestMetadata.Method
* Realtime Database User Auth
* Security Rules Management
* Overview
* REST Resources
* projects
* Overview
* test
* projects.releases
* Overview
* create
* delete
* get
* getExecutable
* list
* patch
* projects.rulesets
* Overview
* create
* delete
* get
* list
* Cloud Messaging
* Overview
* send
* FcmError
* ErrorCode
* ApnsError
* Firebase Cloud Messaging Data API
* Overview
* projects.androidApps.deliveryData
* Overview
* list
* Legacy APIs
* XMPP Server Protocol
* Legacy HTTP Server Protocol
* Cloud Firestore
* Overview
* REST Resources
* projects.databases
* Overview
* create
* exportDocuments
* get
* importDocuments
* list
* patch
* projects.databases.collectionGroups.fields
* Overview
* get
* list
* patch
* projects.databases.collectionGroups.indexes
* Overview
* create
* delete
* get
* list
* projects.databases.documents
* Overview
* batchGet
* batchWrite
* beginTransaction
* commit
* createDocument
* delete
* get
* list
* listCollectionIds
* listDocuments
* listen
* partitionQuery
* patch
* rollback
* runAggregationQuery
* runQuery
* write
* projects.databases.operations
* Overview
* cancel
* delete
* get
* list
* projects.locations
* Overview
* get
* list
* Types
* Cursor
* DocumentMask
* ListDocumentsResponse
* Precondition
* StructuredQuery
* TransactionOptions
* Write
* WriteResult
* Hosting
* Overview
* REST Resources
* projects.operations
* Overview
* get
* projects.sites
* Overview
* create
* delete
* get
* list
* patch
* sites.channels
* Overview
* create
* delete
* get
* list
* patch
* sites.channels.releases
* Overview
* create
* list
* sites.releases
* Overview
* create
* list
* sites.versions
* Overview
* clone
* create
* delete
* list
* patch
* populateFiles
* sites.versions.files
* Overview
* list
* Types
* ActingUser
* ListReleasesResponse
* Remote Config
* Overview
* REST Resources
* projects
* Overview
* getRemoteConfig
* updateRemoteConfig
* projects.remoteConfig
* Overview
* downloadDefaults
* listVersions
* rollback
* Types
* RemoteConfig
* Version
* Remote Config Conditional Expression Reference
* Dynamic Links
* Short Links API
* Analytics API
* Test Lab
* Testing (submit tests & monitor)
* Overview
* REST Resources
* applicationDetailService
* Overview
* getApkDetails
* projects.testMatrices
* Overview
* cancel
* create
* get
* testEnvironmentCatalog
* Overview
* get
* Types
* InvalidRequestDetail
* Reason
* ToolResults (retrieve results)
* Overview
* REST Resources
* projects
* Overview
* getSettings
* initializeSettings
* projects.histories
* Overview
* create
* get
* list
* projects.histories.executions
* Overview
* create
* get
* list
* patch
* projects.histories.executions.clusters
* Overview
* get
* list
* projects.histories.executions.environments
* Overview
* get
* list
* projects.histories.executions.steps
* Overview
* accessibilityClusters
* create
* get
* getPerfMetricsSummary
* list
* patch
* publishXunitXmlFiles
* projects.histories.executions.steps.perfMetricsSummary
* Overview
* create
* projects.histories.executions.steps.perfSampleSeries
* Overview
* create
* get
* list
* projects.histories.executions.steps.perfSampleSeries.samples
* Overview
* batchCreate
* list
* projects.histories.executions.steps.testCases
* Overview
* get
* list
* projects.histories.executions.steps.thumbnails
* Overview
* list
* Types
* ANR
* AvailableDeepLinks
* BlankScreen
* CrashDialogError
* DeviceOutOfMemory
* Duration
* EncounteredLoginScreen
* EncounteredNonAndroidUiWidgetScreen
* FailedToInstall
* FatalException
* FileReference
* GreyList
* InAppPurchasesFound
* InsufficientCoverage
* IosAppCrashed
* LauncherActivityNotFound
* LogcatCollectionError
* NativeCrash
* NonSdkApi
* NonSdkApiUsageViolation
* NonSdkApiUsageViolationReport
* Outcome
* OutcomeSummary
* OverlappingUIElements
* PerfMetricType
* PerfSample
* PerformedGoogleLogin
* PerformedMonkeyActions
* ProjectSettings
* RoboScriptExecution
* StackTrace
* StartActivityNotFound
* State
* TestCaseReference
* TestSuiteOverview
* Timestamp
* ToolOutputReference
* UIElementTooDeep
* UnspecifiedWarning
* UnusedRoboDirective
* UsedRoboDirective
* UsedRoboIgnoreDirective
* App Distribution
* Overview
* REST Resources
* projects.apps
* Overview
* getAabInfo
* projects.apps.releases
* Overview
* batchDelete
* distribute
* get
* list
* patch
* projects.apps.releases.operations
* Overview
* get
* projects.groups
* Overview
* batchJoin
* batchLeave
* create
* delete
* get
* list
* patch
* projects.testers
* Overview
* batchAdd
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# com.google.firebase.ml.modeldownloader
## Classes
`CustomModel`
Stores information about custom models that are being downloaded or are
already downloaded on a device.
`CustomModelDownloadConditions`
Conditions to allow download of custom models.
`CustomModelDownloadConditions.Builder`
Builder of `CustomModelDownloadConditions`.
`FirebaseModelDownloader`
## Exceptions
`FirebaseMlException`
Represents an Exception resulting from an operation on a
`FirebaseModelDownloader`.
## Annotations
`FirebaseMlException.Code`
The set of Firebase ML status codes.
## Enums
`DownloadType`
Send feedback
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Last updated 2022-10-28 UTC.
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Dchannel » Công nghệ
# Samsung Galaxy S23 | S23 Plus | S23 Ultra khi nào ra mắt? Bao giờ mở bán tại
Việt Nam?
Kiều Trang Ngày đăng: 08:51 06-12-2022 Cập nhật: 5 ngày trước
Samsung Galaxy S23 | S23 Plus | S23 Ultra khi nào ra mắt? Bao giờ mở bán tại
Việt Nam?Samsung Galaxy S23 | S23 Plus | S23 Ultra khi nào ra mắt? Bao giờ mở
bán tại Việt Nam?
Nội dung bài viết
1. 1\. Dòng Samsung S23 khi nào ra mắt?
2. 2\. Galaxy S23 Series khi nào mở bán tại Việt Nam?
3. 4\. Tổng hợp timeline các thông tin dòng Galaxy S23 khi nào ra mắt ?
4. 5\. Thế hệ điện thoại Samsung Galaxy S23 Series có gì mới?
5. 6\. Tổng kết
6. 7\. Bản đồ hành trình khách hàng
Samsung Galaxy S23 Series khi nào ra mắt luôn là câu hỏi quan tâm của nhiều
người hâm mộ. Sự xuất hiện của dòng S Series đã có một ít thông tin về tính
năng cũng như diện mạo mới đáng mong đợi. Hãy cùng chúng mình cập nhật tất tần
tật chi tiết về sản phẩm qua bài công nghệ kỹ hơn ngay tại đây!
> Đặt trước siêu phẩm S23 Series để nhận những ưu đãi cực kì hấp dẫn lên đến
> hơn 12 triệu đồng
> Họ và tên (bắt buộc)
>
> Số điện thoại (bắt buộc)
>
> Email nhận thông tin phản hồi
>
> Sản phẩm bạn đang quan tâm
> \---Galaxy S23Galaxy S23 PlusGalaxy S23 Ultra
## 1\. Dòng Samsung S23 khi nào ra mắt?
Samsung là thương hiệu nổi tiếng trên thế giới và độ uy tín thì không có gì
phải bàn cãi. Vì thế, thông tin bộ ba S23, S23+, S23 Ultra khi nào ra mắt luôn
được các con dân Samsung hết sức mong đợi.
> Bộ ba sản phẩm Galaxy S23, Galaxy S23 Plus và Galaxy S23 Ultra sẽ trình làng
> vào đầu tháng 2 năm 2023. Cụ thể, đó chính là ngày 02/02/2023 – Thời điểm
> diễn ra sự kiện Galaxy Unpacked.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bus3DIZCNIA
Thời điểm S23 Series ra mắt này cũng tương tự so với các thế hệ trước. Bạn có
thể tham khảo thêm ngày ra mắt của những dòng Galaxy S trước đây:
DòngNgày ra mắt
Galaxy S22 series09/02/2022
Galaxy S21 series14/01/2021
Galaxy S20 series11/02/2020
s23 series khi nào ra mắts23 series khi nào ra mắtS23 Plus khi nào ra mắt
## 2\. Galaxy S23 Series khi nào mở bán tại Việt Nam?
Sau khi biết được dòng S23 khi nào ra mắt chắc hẳn nhiều người cũng có câu
hỏi: Vậy S23 series khi nào mở bán. Tại thị trường Việt Nam, Samsung Galaxy
S23 series mở bán cùng với thời điểm trên toàn thế giới.
Dòng điện thoại sẽ được mở bán tại Việt Nam chính thức vào ngày 18/02/2023.
Trước đó, sẽ có chương trình đặt trước (Pre-order) diễn ra kể từ ngày 02/02
đến hết ngày 17/02. Khi đăng ký trước vào khoảng thời gian này, khách hàng sẽ
nhận được những ưu đãi cực kỳ hấp dẫn. Kế tiếp, sự kiện mở bán sớm (Pre-
Delivery) của dòng điện thoại được diễn ra từ lúc 19h ngày 17/02. Thời gian
trả hàng tổng cộng 11 ngày, kéo dài từ 18/02 – 28/02.
> S23 mở bán sớm tại Di Động Việt vào 19h00 ngày 17/02/2023 .
s23 series khi nào ra mắts23 series khi nào ra mắtDòng Galaxy S23 khi nào mở
bán tại Việt Nam?
## 4\. Tổng hợp timeline các thông tin dòng Galaxy S23 khi nào ra mắt ?
Thông tin về S23 series ra mắt và mở bán đã được chúng mình chia sẻ ở ngay
phía trên. Nếu bạn là một fan hâm mộ cuồng nhiệt của nhà Samsung ắt hẳn cũng
không thể bỏ qua bất cứ giây phút nào để sở hữu sản phẩm mới nhất này.
Timeline sẽ được chúng mình cập nhật nhanh nhất có thể, vì vậy hãy thường
xuyên quay lại đây nhé!
Sự kiệnThời gian diễn ra
Galaxy S23 series ra mắt02/02/2023
Đặt cọc Galaxy S23 series02/02 – 17/02/2023
Galaxy S23 series mở bán sớm tại Di Động Việt19h ngày 17/02/2023
Samsung S23 series mở bán chính thức tại Việt Nam18/02/2023
Trả hàng Samsung S23 series18/02 – 28/02/2023
## 5\. Thế hệ điện thoại Samsung Galaxy S23 Series có gì mới?
Tìm hiểu xong thông tin S23 series khi nào ra mắt, chắc chắn có nhiều SamFans
cũng tò mò về diện mạo mới cùng hiệu năng có trên những em này. Vậy, không để
các bạn phải đợi lâu, hãy cùng khám phá tất tần tật ngay dưới đây!
Về camera, có lẽ đây chính là sự thay đổi lớn nhất khi Galaxy S23 Ultra được
trang bị ống kính chính lên đến 200MP. Đồng thời, hãng Samsung sẽ sử dụng cảm
biến mới ISOCELL HPX độc quyền với những cải tiến đáng kể.
Theo như chia sẻ từ Galaxy Club, riêng camera chính của S23 Ultra vẫn được
trang bị kính tiềm vọng 10MP. Trước đó, ống kính này cũng từng xuất hiện trên
Galaxy S21 Ultra và Galaxy S22 Ultra. Hơn thế nữa, Sammobile còn cho rằng hãng
sẽ tích hợp camera selfie 12 MP dành cho bộ đôi Galaxy S23 và Galaxy S23 Plus
s23 series khi nào ra mắts23 series khi nào ra mắtCamera trang bị siêu đỉnh
Thời lượng pin cũng được nhắc tới về sản phẩm S23 Series sắp trình làng này.
Cơ quan FCC cũng đã cấp giấy chứng nhận cho bộ đôi S23 và S23+. Theo đó, S23
sở hữu dung lượng pin 3875mAh còn S23+ là 4565mAh. Với thông số có ở trên thì
có khả năng khi công bố ra chúng sẽ sở hữu mức pin tương đương là 3900mAh và
4700mAh. Đồng thời hỗ trợ sạc nhanh 25W.
s23 series khi nào ra mắts23 series khi nào ra mắtMức pin ấn tượng
Bảo mật của máy cũng được nâng cấp đáng kể. Theo chia sẻ từ trang Wccftech,
cảm biến vân tay siêu âm 3D Sonic Max của Qualcomm sẽ được thương hiệu Samsung
sử dụng theo như thoả thuận giữa 2 bên.
s23 series khi nào ra mắts23 series khi nào ra mắtThiết kế bên ngoài
Hệ điều hành One UI 5.0 thế hệ mới cũng đang được Samsung dự định sẽ trang bị
chúng trên sản phẩm mới nhất này. Hứa hẹn sẽ đem đến phần giao diện mượt mà,
bắt mắt đáng sở hữu.
s23 series khi nào ra mắts23 series khi nào ra mắtKích thước màn hình
Qualcomm cũng công bố vào cuối năm nay sẽ tung ra con chip Snapdragon 8 Gen 2,
có thể S23 Ultra sẽ sở hữu con chip này. Còn S23 cùng S23+ được trang bị
Exynos 2300 theo như kênh Youtube 4RMD đã tung ra video render.
s23 series khi nào ra mắts23 series khi nào ra mắtHiệu năng cực khủng
## 6\. Tổng kết
Hy vọng thông tin Samsung Galaxy S23 Series khi nào ra mắt sẽ giúp bạn biết
được những mốc thời gian quan trọng về siêu phẩm này. Hãy liên tục theo dõi
bài của chúng mình để cập nhật thông tin liên tục về S23 Series nhé!
Tiếp tục theo dõi Dchannel của Di Động Việt để được cập nhật liên tục những
vấn đề xoay quanh lĩnh vực công nghệ nóng và đặc biệt nhất mỗi ngày. Và đừng
quên “MUA ĐIỆN THOẠI ĐẾN DI ĐỘNG VIỆT” để hưởng nhiều ưu đãi cùng phần quà
cuối năm cực hấp dẫn nhé!
## 7\. Bản đồ hành trình khách hàng
Bản đồ Hành trình Khách Hàng
S23S23+S23 Ultra
* Tìm hiểu: Samsung Galaxy S23 khi nào ra mắt [Bạn đang ở đây]
* Khám phá:
* Thông số cấu hình Samsung Galaxy S23
* Samsung Galaxy S23 có mấy màu
* Phụ kiện Samsung Galaxy S23
* Đánh giá:
* Đánh giá Samsung Galaxy S23
* So sánh Samsung Galaxy S23 và S22
* So sánh Samsung Galaxy S23 với S23+ và S23 Ultra
* Cân nhắc:
* Có nên mua Samsung Galaxy S23?
* Trải nghiệm Samsung Galaxy S23
* Samsung Galaxy S23 giá bao nhiêu
* Quyết định: Đăng ký đặt trước Samsung Galaxy S23 để nhận ưu đãi hấp dẫn
Họ và tên (bắt buộc)
Số điện thoại (bắt buộc)
Email nhận thông tin phản hồi
Sản phẩm bạn đang quan tâm
\---Galaxy S23Galaxy S23 PlusGalaxy S23 Ultra
* Tìm hiểu: Samsung Galaxy S23+ khi nào ra mắt [Bạn đang ở đây]
* Khám phá:
* Thông số cấu hình Samsung Galaxy S23+
* Samsung Galaxy S23+ có mấy màu
* Phụ kiện Samsung Galaxy S23+
* Đánh giá:
* Đánh giá Samsung Galaxy S23+
* So sánh Samsung Galaxy S23+ và S22+
* So sánh Samsung Galaxy S23+ với S23 và S23 Ultra
* Cân nhắc:
* Có nên mua Samsung Galaxy S23+
* Trải nghiệm Samsung Galaxy S23+
* Samsung Galaxy S23+ giá bao nhiêu
* Quyết định: Đăng ký đặt trước Samsung Galaxy S23+ để nhận ưu đãi hấp dẫn
Họ và tên (bắt buộc)
Số điện thoại (bắt buộc)
Email nhận thông tin phản hồi
Sản phẩm bạn đang quan tâm
\---Galaxy S23Galaxy S23 PlusGalaxy S23 Ultra
* Tìm hiểu: Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra khi nào ra mắt [Bạn đang ở đây]
* Khám phá:
* Thông số cấu hình Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra
* Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra có mấy màu
* Phụ kiện Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra
* Đánh giá:
* Đánh giá Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra
* So sánh Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra và S22 Ultra
* So sánh Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra với S23 và S23+
* Cân nhắc:
* Có nên mua Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra
* Trải nghiệm Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra
* Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra giá bao nhiêu
* Quyết định: Đăng ký đặt trước Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra để nhận ưu đãi hấp dẫn
Họ và tên (bắt buộc)
Số điện thoại (bắt buộc)
Email nhận thông tin phản hồi
Sản phẩm bạn đang quan tâm
\---Galaxy S23Galaxy S23 PlusGalaxy S23 Ultra
* * *
Xem thêm:
* Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 của dòng Samsung Galaxy S23 sẽ được sản xuất bởi Samsung Foundry
* Samsung Galaxy S23 rò rỉ với pin lớn hơn, màn hình giữ nguyên 6.1 ”
* Samsung Galaxy S23 và S23 Plus rò rỉ thiết kế đẹp mắt
* Qualcomm xác nhận thông tin Samsung Galaxy S23 sẽ trang bị chipset Snapdragon trên toàn cầu
* * *
Di Động Việt
5/5 - (5 bình chọn)
Điện thoạiĐiện thoại SamsungSamsung Galaxy SSamsung Galaxy S23Samsung Galaxy
S23 PlusSamsung Galaxy S23 SeriesSamsung Galaxy S23 Ultra
Đăng ký nhận bản tin
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#### Hệ thống 58 cửa hàng Di Động Việt
Nơi có tất cả các sản phẩm Di Động Việt đang kinh doanh, và là
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* 237 Khánh Hội , phường 5 , Quận 4, Tp Hồ Chí Minh
* 23 Võ Văn Ngân, Linh Chiểu, Thủ Đức, Tp Hồ Chí Minh
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* 1270 Quang Trung, phường 14, Quận Gò Vấp
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* 574 Cách Mạng Tháng 8, TP. Tây Ninh
Xem tất cả 58 cửa hàng Di Động Việt
#### Hệ thống 05 cửa hàng SiS Mobifone - Di Động Việt
Hệ thống liên kết theo mô hình Shop in Shop (SiS) giữa Mobifone và Di
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* 122A Phan Đăng Lưu, Phường 3, Quận Phú Nhuận, TP.HCM
* 365 Cộng Hòa, P. 13, Quận Tân Bình, TP.HCM
* 254 Lê Văn Việt, P. Tăng Nhơn Phú A, Quận 9, TP.HCM
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Mã số doanh nghiệp: 0312193244, ngày cấp: 05/03/2021, nơi cấp: Sở kế hoạch và
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MST:0312193244.
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[email protected] - Bản quyền thuộc về Di Động Việt.
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CÔNG TY TNHH CÔNG NGHỆ DI ĐỘNG VIỆT - 75/35 Nguyễn Cửu Vân, Phường 17, Quận
Bình Thạnh, TP Hồ Chí Minh.
Mã số doanh nghiệp: 0312193244, ngày cấp: 05/03/2021, nơi cấp: Sở kế hoạch và
đầu tư thành phố Hồ Chí Minh
MST:0312193244.
Chủ sở hữu: Nguyễn Ngọc Đạt - Điện thoại: 1800.6018 (miễn phí) - Email:
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# View source for Typhoon Haiyan
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← Typhoon Haiyan
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==In popular media== A detailed analysis of Typhoon Haiyan and its destruction
in the Philippines was featured in a documentary called ''Megastorm: World's
Biggest Typhoon''. It aired on December 30, 2013, on [[Discovery
Channel]].<ref>{{cite press release |
url=http://press.discovery.com/uk/dsc/programs/megastorm-worlds-biggest-
typhoon/ | title=Megastorm: World's Biggest Typhoon | publisher=[[Discovery
Channel]] | access-date=December 23, 2013 | archive-
url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131224104647/http://press.discovery.com/uk/dsc/programs/megastorm-
worlds-biggest-typhoon/ | archive-date=December 24, 2013 | url-status=live
}}</ref> The 2014 documentary ''Six Hours: Surviving Typhoon Yolanda'',
produced by Big Monster Entertainment and distributed by [[GRB Studios|GRB
Entertainment]], also features the eyewitness account of the typhoon by GMA
News reporter (now Agripreneur host) [[Jiggy Manicad]]. The documentary also
give permission to Marnie Manicad Productions Inc.<ref>{{cite
news|url=https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/newstv/newstvspecials/383482/six-
hours-surviving-typhoon-yolanda/story/|title=Six Hours: Surviving Typhoon
Yolanda|website=GMA News|date=October 14, 2014|access-date=October 5,
2020}}</ref><ref>{{IMDb title|id=4033358|title=Six Hours: Surviving Typhoon
Yolanda}}</ref> An episode of the [[PBS]] science documentary television
program ''[[Nova (American TV program)|Nova]]'' titled "Killer Typhoon", aired
on January 22, 2014, features the typhoon.<ref>{{cite
episode|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2DxYbnWmM-0|title=Killer
Typhoon|series=Nova|network=PBS|airdate=January 22, 2014|season=41|access-
date=October 5, 2020|via=YouTube}}</ref> The 2015 drama film ''[[Trap (2015
film)|Taklob]]'', directed by [[Brillante Mendoza]] features the survivors in
the aftermath of the typhoon.<ref>{{cite
news|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/taklub-cannes-
review-796465|title='Taklub' : Cannes Review|work=[[The Hollywood
Reporter]]|access-date=October 5, 2020|date=May 19, 2015}}</ref> In 2021, a
drama related to Typhoon Haiyan titled [[Whether the Weather Is Fine|Kun
Maupay Man It Panahon]] lit. “''Whether the weather is fine''” which is
directed by [[Carlo Francisco Manatad]] which aired on August 9, 2021
Return to Typhoon Haiyan.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typhoon_Haiyan"
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*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
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*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
*[11:24 ngày 21/2/23]:
*[18:45 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[14:42 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[17:56 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[11:21 ngày 19/2/23]:
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*[08:31 ngày 18/2/23]:
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*[PSGC]: Philippine Standard Geographic Code
|
spiderum_text/1699 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
## Thao tác quá nhanh 😱
Bạn hãy thử lại sau ít phút.
429 Too Many Requests
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*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
*[11:24 ngày 21/2/23]:
*[18:45 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[14:42 ngày 18/2/23]:
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*[11:21 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[11:39 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[11:35 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[08:31 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[14:01 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[13:28 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[12:15 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[08:44 ngày 18/2/23]:
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|
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# Household penetration of voice-control TV remote in the United States
2019-2021
Published by
Federica Laricchia,
Feb 14, 2022
Around 44 percent of surveyed U.S. households have a TV remote capable of
voice control as of March 2021. Voice control entered the consumer electronics
market as digital assistants on smartphones. With the progress in the
technology of smart TVs which are equpped with more processors, they are now
implemented on remote controls for TVs at home. This voice control remote
serves as a TV remote and as an assistant to control other smart devices
present at home.
Read more
## Voice-control TV remote household penetration rate in the United States in
2019 and 2021
CharacteristicHousehold penetration rate
--
--
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© Statista 2023
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Source
Show sources information Show publisher information Use Ask Statista
Research Service
In cooperation with
Hub Entertainment Research
Release date
April 2021
More information
Region
United States
Survey time period
March 2021
Number of respondents
5,000 respondents
Age group
16-74
Citation formats
Citation formats View options
##
Other statistics on the topic
Consumer electronics in the United States
Subscriber share held by smartphone operating systems in the United States
from 2012 to 2022+
Telecommunications
U.S. smartphone subscriber share by operating platform 2012-2022, by month
Average lifespan \(replacement cycle length\) of smartphones in the United
States from 2014 to 2025 \(in years\)+
Telecommunications
Replacement cycle length of smartphones in the United States 2014-2025, in
years
Sales of the leading 13 consumer electronics retailers in North America from
2010 to 2020 \(in billion U.S. dollars\)+
Consumer Electronics
Sales of the leading 13 consumer electronics retailers in North America
2010-2020
Smartphone sales forecasts in the United States from 2005 to 2022 \(in billion
U.S. dollars\)
Telecommunications
Smartphone sales value in the United States 2005-2022
Federica Laricchia
Federica Laricchia
Research expert covering the global consumer technology industry
Get in touch with us now
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## Statistics on " Consumer Electronics (CE) in the United States "
The most important statistics
* Worldwide consumer technology spending 2020-2022
* Sales of the leading CE companies worldwide 2022
* U.S. consumer electronics industry retail revenue 2012-2022
* Sales of the leading 13 consumer electronics retailers in North America 2010-2020
* U.S. consumer electronics industry retail revenue by product/segment 2018-2022
* Total export value of IT products U.S. 2013-2021, by type
The most important statistics
* Television and video equipment imports to the U.S. 2002-2021
* TV ownership by brand in the U.S. 2022
* Household penetration of voice-control TV remote in the United States 2019-2021
* Penetration of CTV device and connected smart TV in U.S. TV homes 2015-2022
* Share of smart TVs in U.S. households June 2017-2021, by OEM
The most important statistics
* PC unit shipments in the U.S. 2013-2022, by quarter
* PC vendor unit shipments in the U.S. 2013-2022, by quarter
* PC vendor shipment share in the U.S. 2013-2022, by quarter
* Revenues from sale of desktop PCs in the United States 2018-2025
* Replacement cycle length of consumer desktop PCs in the United States 2018-2025
* Laptop ownership by brand in the U.S. 2022
The most important statistics
* Smartphone unit shipments in the U.S. 2013-2025
* Smartphone shipment volume in the United States 2019-2020, by vendor
* Smartphone sales value in the United States 2005-2022
* Smartphone (consumer/enterprise) average price in the United States 2014-2025
* Replacement cycle length of smartphones in the United States 2014-2025, in years
* Most popular smartphone brands in the U.S. 2021
* Smartphone market share in the U.S. 2017-2022, by model
* U.S. smartphone subscriber share by operating platform 2012-2022, by month
The most important statistics
* Tablet unit shipments in the U.S. 2015-2025
* Tablet sales revenue in the U.S. 2014-2025
* Market share of tablet device vendors in the United States 2020-2022´3
* Market share of tablet operating systems in the United States 2016-2022
* Tablet ownership by brand in the U.S. 2022
* Consumer tablets average price in the U.S. 2018-2025
* Replacement cycle length of consumer tablets in the U.S. 2018-2025
The most important statistics
* Smart wearables shipment worldwide forecast 2020, by region
* Wearable devices usage in selected countries 2022
* Wearable devices ownership in selected countries 2021
* Smart wearable users in the United States 2020-2024, by generation
* Fitbit devices U.S. manufacturer's suggested retail price 2022
The most important statistics
* Shipments of digital still cameras by destination 1999-2021
* Shipments of digital cameras with a built-in lens 2003-2021, by destination
* Digital camera (interchangeable lens) shipments worldwide 2003-2021, by region
* Global revenue share of GoPro 2014-2021, by region
* Global revenue of GoPro 2012-2021, by region
* U.S. market share of rental cameras 2020-2021, by brand
The most important statistics
* Speaker ownership by brand in the U.S. 2022
* Headphone usage by brand in the U.S. 2022
* Most popular smart speaker brands in selected countries 2021
* Smart speakers shipment worldwide forecast 2020, by region
* U.S. smart speaker unit shipment 2016-2020
## Statistics on Consumer Electronics (CE) in the United States
Overview
6
* Premium Statistic Worldwide consumer technology spending 2020-2022
* Premium Statistic Sales of the leading CE companies worldwide 2022
* Premium Statistic U.S. consumer electronics industry retail revenue 2012-2022
* Premium Statistic Sales of the leading 13 consumer electronics retailers in North America 2010-2020
* Premium Statistic U.S. consumer electronics industry retail revenue by product/segment 2018-2022
* Premium Statistic Total export value of IT products U.S. 2013-2021, by type
Television
5
* Basic Statistic Television and video equipment imports to the U.S. 2002-2021
* Premium Statistic TV ownership by brand in the U.S. 2022
* Premium Statistic Household penetration of voice-control TV remote in the United States 2019-2021
* Premium Statistic Penetration of CTV device and connected smart TV in U.S. TV homes 2015-2022
* Premium Statistic Share of smart TVs in U.S. households June 2017-2021, by OEM
Personal computers
6
* Premium Statistic PC unit shipments in the U.S. 2013-2022, by quarter
* Premium Statistic PC vendor unit shipments in the U.S. 2013-2022, by quarter
* Premium Statistic PC vendor shipment share in the U.S. 2013-2022, by quarter
* Premium Statistic Revenues from sale of desktop PCs in the United States 2018-2025
* Premium Statistic Replacement cycle length of consumer desktop PCs in the United States 2018-2025
* Premium Statistic Laptop ownership by brand in the U.S. 2022
Smartphones
8
* Premium Statistic Smartphone unit shipments in the U.S. 2013-2025
* Basic Statistic Smartphone shipment volume in the United States 2019-2020, by vendor
* Basic Statistic Smartphone sales value in the United States 2005-2022
* Premium Statistic Smartphone (consumer/enterprise) average price in the United States 2014-2025
* Premium Statistic Replacement cycle length of smartphones in the United States 2014-2025, in years
* Premium Statistic Most popular smartphone brands in the U.S. 2021
* Premium Statistic Smartphone market share in the U.S. 2017-2022, by model
* Premium Statistic U.S. smartphone subscriber share by operating platform 2012-2022, by month
Tablets
7
* Premium Statistic Tablet unit shipments in the U.S. 2015-2025
* Premium Statistic Tablet sales revenue in the U.S. 2014-2025
* Premium Statistic Market share of tablet device vendors in the United States 2020-2022´3
* Premium Statistic Market share of tablet operating systems in the United States 2016-2022
* Premium Statistic Tablet ownership by brand in the U.S. 2022
* Premium Statistic Consumer tablets average price in the U.S. 2018-2025
* Premium Statistic Replacement cycle length of consumer tablets in the U.S. 2018-2025
Wearables
5
* Premium Statistic Smart wearables shipment worldwide forecast 2020, by region
* Premium Statistic Wearable devices usage in selected countries 2022
* Premium Statistic Wearable devices ownership in selected countries 2021
* Premium Statistic Smart wearable users in the United States 2020-2024, by generation
* Premium Statistic Fitbit devices U.S. manufacturer's suggested retail price 2022
Cameras
6
* Premium Statistic Shipments of digital still cameras by destination 1999-2021
* Premium Statistic Shipments of digital cameras with a built-in lens 2003-2021, by destination
* Premium Statistic Digital camera (interchangeable lens) shipments worldwide 2003-2021, by region
* Premium Statistic Global revenue share of GoPro 2014-2021, by region
* Premium Statistic Global revenue of GoPro 2012-2021, by region
* Premium Statistic U.S. market share of rental cameras 2020-2021, by brand
Speakers & headphones
5
* Premium Statistic Speaker ownership by brand in the U.S. 2022
* Premium Statistic Headphone usage by brand in the U.S. 2022
* Premium Statistic Most popular smart speaker brands in selected countries 2021
* Premium Statistic Smart speakers shipment worldwide forecast 2020, by region
* Premium Statistic U.S. smart speaker unit shipment 2016-2020
Further related statistics
11
* Premium Statistic Share of methods of television access in the EU in 2015
* Premium Statistic Share of methods of television access in the Netherlands 2015
* Premium Statistic Share of methods of television access in Spain 2015
* Premium Statistic Latin America: DTT FTA households 2020, by standard
* Premium Statistic Uruguay: pay TV subscribers 2018, by technology
* Premium Statistic UHD/4K consumer video product shipments worldwide 2020, by type
* Premium Statistic Household ownership of Ultra-HD TVs worldwide 2016
* Premium Statistic Household penetration of DTVs in the United States 2012-2016
* Premium Statistic Household penetration of HDTVs in the United States 2012-2016
* Premium Statistic UHD 4K TV unit shipments North America 2016-2019
* Premium Statistic Household penetration of 4K Ultra HDTVs in the United States 2014-2018
##
Further Content: You might find this interesting as well
### Statistics
* Share of methods of television access in the EU in 2015
* Share of methods of television access in the Netherlands 2015
* Share of methods of television access in Spain 2015
* Latin America: DTT FTA households 2020, by standard
* Uruguay: pay TV subscribers 2018, by technology
* UHD/4K consumer video product shipments worldwide 2020, by type
* Household ownership of Ultra-HD TVs worldwide 2016
* Household penetration of DTVs in the United States 2012-2016
* Household penetration of HDTVs in the United States 2012-2016
* UHD 4K TV unit shipments North America 2016-2019
* Household penetration of 4K Ultra HDTVs in the United States 2014-2018
### Topics
Consumer electronics in the United StatesSmartphonesWearablesTV
technologySmart home in the United States
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Hub Entertainment Research. (April 1, 2021). Voice-control TV remote household
penetration rate in the United States in 2019 and 2021 [Graph]. In Statista.
Retrieved February 21, 2023, from
https://www.statista.com/statistics/1247344/voice-control-tv-remote-us-
household-penetration/
Hub Entertainment Research. "Voice-control TV remote household penetration
rate in the United States in 2019 and 2021." Chart. April 1, 2021. Statista.
Accessed February 21, 2023. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1247344/voice-
control-tv-remote-us-household-penetration/
Hub Entertainment Research. (2021). Voice-control TV remote household
penetration rate in the United States in 2019 and 2021. Statista. Statista
Inc.. Accessed: February 21, 2023.
https://www.statista.com/statistics/1247344/voice-control-tv-remote-us-
household-penetration/
Hub Entertainment Research. "Voice-control Tv Remote Household Penetration
Rate in The United States in 2019 and 2021." Statista, Statista Inc., 1 Apr
2021, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1247344/voice-control-tv-remote-us-
household-penetration/
Hub Entertainment Research, Voice-control TV remote household penetration rate
in the United States in 2019 and 2021 Statista,
https://www.statista.com/statistics/1247344/voice-control-tv-remote-us-
household-penetration/ (last visited February 21, 2023)
Voice-control TV remote household penetration rate in the United States in
2019 and 2021 [Graph], Hub Entertainment Research, April 1, 2021. [Online].
Available: https://www.statista.com/statistics/1247344/voice-control-tv-
remote-us-household-penetration/
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Tin đồn - Sắp ra mắt
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Mức giá
1. Dưới 4 triệu
2. Từ 24 triệu đến 27 triệu
3. Từ 28 triệu đến 31 triệu
4. Trên 36 triệu
Sắp xếp theo Nổi bật Giảm nhiều Trả góp 0% Giá thấp đến cao
# Điện thoại Samsung Galaxy S23 Series: S23 | S23 Plus | S23 Ultra
1. Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra 5G 256GB Chính Hãng \(BHĐT\)
### Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra 5G 256GB Chính Hãng (BHĐT)
Liên hệ
Đăng ký ngay
2. Samsung Galaxy S23 Plus 5G 512GB Chính Hãng \(BHĐT\)
### Samsung Galaxy S23 Plus 5G 512GB Chính Hãng (BHĐT)
Liên hệ
3. Samsung Galaxy S23 Plus 5G 256GB Chính Hãng \(BHĐT\)
### Samsung Galaxy S23 Plus 5G 256GB Chính Hãng (BHĐT)
Liên hệ
4. Samsung Galaxy S23 5G 256GB Chính Hãng \(BHĐT\)
### Samsung Galaxy S23 5G 256GB Chính Hãng (BHĐT)
Liên hệ
5. Trả góp 0%Giảm 5,000,000đ
Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra 5G 512GB Chính Hãng
### Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra 5G 512GB Chính Hãng
Mua ngay 31.990.000 ₫Giảm 13%36.990.000 ₫
Hoặc trả trước9.597.000 ₫
Từ 20 - 28.02: Giá cuối từ 26.990.000đ
6. Trả góp 0%Giảm 5,000,000đ
Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra 5G 256GB Chính Hãng
### Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra 5G 256GB Chính Hãng
Mua ngay 26.990.000 ₫Giảm 15%31.990.000 ₫
Hoặc trả trước8.097.000 ₫
Từ 20 - 28.02: Giá cuối từ 21.990.000đ
7. Trả góp 0%Giảm 5,000,000đ
Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra 5G 1TB Chính Hãng
### Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra 5G 1TB Chính Hãng
Mua ngay 39.990.000 ₫Giảm 11%44.990.000 ₫
Hoặc trả trước11.997.000 ₫
Từ 20 - 28.02: Giá cuối từ 34.990.000đ
8. Trả góp 0%Giảm 4,000,000đ
Samsung Galaxy S23 Plus 5G 256GB Chính Hãng
### Samsung Galaxy S23 Plus 5G 256GB Chính Hãng
Mua ngay 22.990.000 ₫Giảm 14%26.990.000 ₫
Hoặc trả trước6.897.000 ₫
Từ 20 - 28.02: Giá cuối từ 17.990.000đ
9. Trả góp 0%Giảm 4,000,000đ
Samsung Galaxy S23 Plus 5G 512GB Chính Hãng
### Samsung Galaxy S23 Plus 5G 512GB Chính Hãng
Mua ngay 25.990.000 ₫Giảm 13%29.990.000 ₫
Hoặc trả trước7.797.000 ₫
Từ 20 - 28.02: Giá cuối từ 20.990.000đ
10. Trả góp 0%Giảm 3,000,000đ
Samsung Galaxy S23 5G 256GB Chính Hãng
### Samsung Galaxy S23 5G 256GB Chính Hãng
Mua ngay 21.990.000 ₫Giảm 12%24.990.000 ₫
Hoặc trả trước6.597.000 ₫
Từ 20 - 28.02: Giá cuối từ 16.990.000đ
# Samsung Galaxy S23 | S23 Plus | S23 Ultra - Bắt Trọn Chất Đêm, Bắt Trọn Ưu
Đãi Khủng
Samsung Galaxy S23 Series là dòng điện thoại cao cấp nhất của thương hiệu
Samsung được ra mắt vào đầu năm 2023. Thiết bị sở hữu nhiều cải tiến và nâng
cấp so với thế hệ tiền nhiệm. Qua đó hứa hẹn mang đến những trải nghiệm tốt
nhất cho người dùng cả về tính năng và hiệu năng của máy.
## Ưu đãi mở bán cực kì hấp dẫn từ 18/02 - 28/02/2023
* Đặc quyền nâng cấp: Tặng PMH trị giá đến 5.000.000đ
* Tặng thêm 3.000.000đ khi thu cũ đổi mới
* Lựa chọn 1 tronng các ưu đãi dịch vụ dưới đây:
* Giảm thêm 2.000.000đ khi thanh toán hoặc trả góp qua 16 ngân hàng lựa chọn
* Giảm thêm 2.000.000đ khi mở thẻ TPBank EVO
* Giảm thêm 2.000.000đ khi thanh toán qua Samsung Wallet
* Giảm 5% tối đa 2.000.000đ khi thanh toán qua Grab Moca
* Giảm 10% tối đa 2.000.000đ khi thanh toán trả góp qua Kredivo
* Ưu đãi bảo hành 2 năm
* 200 suất bộ quà tặng đặc biệt trị giá 1.000.000đ
* 23 suất đặc biệt - Giảm thêm 2.000.000đ khi thu cũ đổi mới từ iPhone lên S23 series (Không áp dụng với CT Dịch vụ ngân hàng / Cổng ví điện tử / mở thẻ TPBank EVO)
* Giảm thêm 40% GBH Samsung Care Plus 12 tháng trị giá 2.090.000đ
* Tặng ngay dịch vụ phòng chờ hạng thương gia tại sân bay
* Đặc quyền tận hưởng Microsoft Office 365 Personal (1 năm)
* Trả góp 0% lãi suất 24 tháng qua thẻ tín dụng và công ty tài chính
## 1\. Đặc điểm nổi bật của dòng Samsung Galaxy S23 Series
Samsung Galaxy S23 Series sở hữu ba phiên bản, bao gồm:
* Galaxy S23
* Galaxy S23 Plus
* Galaxy S23 Ultra
Mỗi phiên bản đều có cấu hình, tính năng cùng thiết kế riêng biệt, hướng đến
đối tượng khách hàng khác nhau. Người dùng có thể dựa vào nhu cầu và sở thích
của mình để lựa chọn.
Samsung Galaxy S23 tiêu chuẩn và Samsung Galaxy S23 Plus không có nhiều sự
thay đổi về thiết kế. Tuy nhiên, Samsung đã loại bỏ module để giúp máy trông
liền mạch và đồng bộ hơn với phiên bản Ultra. Trong khi đó, điện thoại Galaxy
S23 Ultra lại được làm phần khung viền mỏng và bo tròn hơn trước. Cả ba mẫu
điện thoại đều được trang bị những màu sắc mới trẻ trung và hiện đại hơn.
Đặc điểm nổi bật của dòng Samsung Galaxy S23 Series
Samsung cũng có sự nâng cấp về camera selfie từ 10MP lên 12MP cho Galaxy S23
và Galaxy S23+. Điều này cho thấy khả năng chụp ảnh tự sướng của chiếc điện
thoại mới này “ăn đứt” các đời tiền nhiệm. Không chỉ thế, camera chính của bản
Ultra cũng có sự cải tiến mạnh mẽ với bộ cảm biến lên đến 200MP. Đây là bước
“nhảy vọt” lớn nhất của Samsung trong 5 năm gần đây.
Camera tele trên S23 Ultra sẽ được nâng cấp về thuật toán AI. Điều này giúp
hai ống kính tele 10MP có khả năng lấy nét nhanh, chuẩn và chi tiết hơn. Ngoài
ra, camera góc rộng 12MP và camera selfie 40MP không có sự thay đổi so với đời
trước.
Năm nay, cả ba phiên bản đều được trang bị chip Snapdragon của hãng Qualcomm.
Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 đời mới nhất hứa hẹn mang đến tốc độ xử lý tác vụ tuyệt
vời. Bộ nhớ của từng phiên bản cũng có sự khác nhau. Dòng tiêu chuẩn và dòng
Plus được trang bị RAM 8GB, bộ nhớ 256GB. Dòng S23 Ultra là RAM 12GB và ba tùy
chọn 256GB, 512GB, 1TB
Dung lượng pin của bản thường là 3.900 mAh, bản Plus là 4.700 mAh. Trong khi
đó, mẫu Ultra vẫn được giữ nguyên dung lượng pin là 5.000 mAh. Chưa hết, các
thiết bị được hoàn thiện với kính cường lực Gorilla Glass 2 chắc chắn thế hệ
mới, giúp chống va đập cực tốt. Khung viền của những model trong dòng được
thiết kế bằng Armor Aluminum cao cấp, trông sang chảnh và rất xịn sò.
## 2\. Samsung Galaxy S23 tiêu chuẩn
> Với hiệu năng khủng kèm theo màn hình kích thước vừa phải, Samsung Galaxy
> S23 phiên bản tiêu chuẩn hứa hẹn là một siêu phẩm mà mọi người không thể nào
> bỏ qua.
### 2.1. Cấu hình
Samsung Galaxy S23 được trang bị màn hình phẳng Infinity-O cũng như được hoàn
thiện từ khung kim loại chắc chắn. Kích thước màn hình 6,1 inch đi kèm tấm nền
Dynamic AMOLED 2X cao cấp. Tần số quét 120Hz cũng góp phần giúp hình ảnh sắc
nét, rõ ràng, chi tiết với chuyển động cực kỳ mượt mà.
Samsung đã loại bỏ module camera mặt sau trên phiên bản tiêu chuẩn mới nhất.
Điều này giúp tổng thể thông liền mạch, thanh thoát và tạo sự đồng bộ cho các
phiên bản. Camera selfie được nâng cấp lên độ phân giải 12MP và được cải tiến
nhiều ở phần mềm lẫn AI. Cụm 3 camera mặt sau bao gồm: camera chính 50MP,
camera tele 10MP và camera góc rộng 12MP.
Samsung trang bị chip Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 cho Galaxy S23 tiêu chuẩn. Chip được
sản xuất trên tiến trình 4nm TSMC với 8 lõi: 1 lõi ARM Cortex-X3, 4 lõi
Cortex-A715 và 3 lõi Cortex-A510. Điều này giúp nâng cấp hiệu năng của máy với
CPU cao hơn 35%, GPU tăng 25% và có khả năng tiết kiệm điện năng hơn 45% so
với đời trước. Khả năng ép xung của phiên bản tiêu chuẩn này cũng tạo nên ấn
tượng mạnh mẽ mà khó có chiếc điện thoại nào cùng phân khúc làm được.
Về bộ nhớ, máy được trang bị RAM 8GB đi kèm hai tùy chọn bộ nhớ là 128GB và
256GB. Dung lượng pin tăng lên thành 3.900 mAh giúp người dùng thoải mái sử
dụng suốt cả ngày dài.
>> Link bài viết chi tiết: Thông số cấu hình Samsung Galaxy S23 có gì HOT:
Chip Snapdragon 8 Gen 2, Camera 50MP
### 2.2. Đánh giá
Tuy mọi người đã mong chờ vào sự thay đổi diện mạo trên model tiêu chuẩn.
Nhưng lại không có nhiều sự khác biệt giữa chiếc điện thoại này với phiên bản
tiền nhiệm. Samsung chỉ loại bỏ phần module của camera mặt sau. Điều này mang
đến tổng thể có nhiều nét giống với đời trước. Nhờ vậy mang đến sự đồng bộ cho
ba chiếc điện thoại cao cấp mới nhất này.
Các phiên bản màu sắc cũng theo hướng trẻ trung và năng động bao gồm màu kem,
đen, xanh lá và tím. Màn hình vẫn sở hữu kích thước 6,1 inch đi kèm tấm nền
Dynamic AMOLED 2X giúp mọi hình ảnh đều được chuyển động cực mới mẻ và sống
động. Tần số quét 120Hz hỗ trợ thao tác nhanh chóng và mượt mà, mang đến trải
nghiệm tuyệt vời cho mọi người khi sử dụng.
Samsung cũng có sự nâng cấp về camera selfie từ 10MP lên 12MP. Tuy sự khác
biệt không quá lớn nhưng nhờ phần mềm và công nghệ AI đi kèm hứa hẹn sẽ mang
lại chất lượng ảnh chụp đáng kinh ngạc trên chiếc điện thoại này. Ngoài ra,
thông số ba camera sau vẫn được giữ nguyên với camera chính 50MP, camera tele
10MP và camera góc rộng 12MP.
Samsung cũng trang bị chip Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 mới nhất cho chiếc điện thoại
tiêu chuẩn này. Đây là bộ vi xử lý cực mạnh được sản xuất trên tiến trình 4nm
TSMC với 8 lõi. Chưa kể, hiệu năng của máy cũng được đánh giá rất cao, hỗ trợ
xử lý tốt mọi tác vụ và “chiến” tốt các game cấu hình nặng.
Galaxy S23 vẫn sở hữu RAM 8GB và hai tùy chọn bộ nhớ trong 128GB và 256GB. Tuy
nhiên, máy không hỗ trợ khe cắm thẻ nhớ microSD. Do đó người dùng không thể
nâng cấp bộ nhớ, thay vào đó bạn có thể mua thêm lưu trữ bộ nhớ đám mây. Ngoài
ra, máy được trang bị viên pin có dung lượng 3.900 mAh, tăng 200 mAh so với
đời trước.
>> Link chi tiết bài đánh giá Samsung Galaxy S23 mới nhất: Cấu hình khủng,
nâng cấp pin… Liệu đã OK?
### 2.3. Samsung Galayxy S23 có gì nâng cấp so với S22?
Điểm nổi bật Samsung Galaxy S23 Samsung Galaxy S22
Bộ vi xử lý Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 Snapdragon 8 Gen 1
Bộ nhớ trong 128GB/256GB 128GB/256GB
Camera trước 12MP 10MP
Dung lượng pin 3.900 mAh 3.700 mAh
>> Link bài so sánh Samsung Galaxy S23 và Samsung Galaxy S22: Phát triển thêm
những gì?
## 3\. Samsung Galaxy S23 Plus (S23+)
> Samsung Galaxy S23 Plus là chiếc điện thoại được rất nhiều người săn lùng.
> Hiệu năng khủng như phiên bản Ultra kết hợp kích thước gọn nhẹ cùng ngoại
> hình sang chảnh đã nhanh chóng hớp hồn bao SamFan.
### 3.1. Cấu hình
Galaxy S23 Plus cũng loại bỏ camera module với cụm 3 camera mặt sau lần lượt
là: camera chính 50MP, camera tele 10MP và camera góc siêu rộng 12MP. Camera
selfie được nâng cấp lên thành 12MP đi kèm với phần mềm và công nghệ AI mang
đến những bức ảnh hoàn hảo hơn.
Màn hình tràn viền Infinity-O kết hợp với phần khung kim loại chắc chắn giúp
tăng độ bền cho điện thoại. Kích thước màn hình 6,6 inch trên tấm nền Dynamic
AMOLEX 2X cùng tần số quét 120Hz.
S23 Plus cũng được trang bị chip Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 giống phiên bản tiêu
chuẩn. Chip được sản xuất trên tiến trình 4nm TSMC với 8 lõi giúp máy chạy mọi
ứng dụng và game cấu hình nặng mà không gặp bất kỳ khó khăn nào.
Về bộ nhớ, Galaxy S23+ được trang bị RAM 8GB và hai tùy chọn bộ nhớ trong
256GB và 512GB. Dung lượng pin cũng được tăng lên 4.700 mAh giúp máy có thể sử
dụng liên tục cả ngày mà không lo hết pin đột ngột.
>> Link bài viết chi tiết: Thông số cấu hình Samsung Galaxy S23+ có gì HOT:
Camera selfie được nâng cấp, pin nhiều hơn
### 3.2. Đánh giá
Tổng thể thiết kế và cấu hình của bản Plus giống bản tiêu chuẩn, trừ kích
thước máy. Samsung Galaxy S23+ có kích thước màn hình 6,6 inch trên nền
Dynamic AMOLED 2X. Thiết kế vẫn mang nét đặc trưng của dòng Galaxy S nhưng
được bo cong mềm mại và loại bỏ module camera.
Samsung S23 Plus có bốn tùy chọn màu sắc, bao gồm: Đen, Xanh, Kem và Tím. Máy
được trang bị kính cường lực Gorilla Glass Victus 2 đi kèm với chuẩn chống
nước, kháng bụi IP68. Nhờ vậy bảo vệ máy tốt hơn ngay cả trong điều kiện thời
tiết khắc nghiệt.
Công nghệ màn hình chuẩn HDR10+ với độ sáng lên đến 1.750 nit và tần số quét
120Hz. Thông số kỹ thuật này cho phép chất lượng hiển thị tuyệt vời, rõ nét
đến từng chi tiết nhỏ nhất.
Camera selfie cũng được nâng cấp lên thành 12MP. Ngoài ra, cụm 3 camera mặt
sau vẫn duy trì các thông số như cũ (camera chính 50MP, camera tele 10MP hỗ
trợ zoom 3x, camera góc rộng 12MP).
Máy cũng được trang bị chip Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 với RAM 8GB và bộ nhớ trong
256GB và 512GB. Dung lượng pin của thiết bị là 4.700 mAh đi kèm công nghệ sạc
nhanh 45W. Ngoài ra, điện thoại còn được hỗ trợ sạc nhanh không dây 15W và
không dây ngược 4,5W.
>> Link chi tiết bài đánh giá Samsung Galaxy S23+ mới nhất: Pin trâu, Camera
50MP… Liệu đã đủ?
### 3.3. Samsung Galaxy S23+ có gì nâng cấp so với S22+
Điểm nổi bật Samsung Galaxy S23+ Samsung Galaxy S22+
Bộ vi xử lý Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 Snapdragon 8 Gen 1
Bộ nhớ trong 256GB/512GB 128GB/256GB
Camera trước 12MP 10MP
Dung lượng pin 4.700 mAh 4.500 mAh
>> Link bài so sánh Samsung Galaxy S23+ và Samsung Galaxy S22+: Phát triển
thêm những gì?
## 4\. Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra
> Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra là một sự lựa chọn chúng ta không thể nào không
> nhắc tới. Camera lên tới 200 MP với khả năng zoom thần sầu sẽ giúp bạn sống
> ảo bất tận. Điểm nhấn của Galaxy S23 Ultra còn nằm ở cấu hình ngon với con
> chip khủng của nhà Qualcomm.
### 4.1. Cấu hình
Samsung S23 Ultra có kích thước màn hình 6,8 inch đi kèm tấm nền Dynamic
AMOLED 2X cao cấp. Công nghệ màn hình tích hợp HDR10+ cùng tần số quét 120Hz
giúp các chuyển động mượt mà và nhạy bén hơn. Độ sáng màn hình cũng lên đến
1.750 nits giúp mọi người sử dụng tốt ngay cả khi đang đi dưới trời nắng.
Camera chính được nâng cấp lên với độ phân giải 200MP cực khủng. Kích thước
điểm ảnh là 0,6μm với cảm biến 1/1,3 inch và khẩu độ f/1,7. Được biết, Samsung
sẽ mang đến hai tùy chọn camera chính là 50MP và 200MP. Đồng thời, camera tele
cũng được nâng cấp về thuật toán AI giúp hai camera tele 10MP (zoom 3x và 10x)
có khả năng lấy nét nhanh, chi tiết và chuẩn hơn. Hai camera còn lại vẫn không
có sự thay đổi với camera góc rộng 12MP và camera selfie 12MP.
Galaxy S23 Ultra cũng được trang bị chip Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 đời mới nhất được
sản xuất trên tiến trình 4nm TSMC. Về bộ nhớ, máy tích hợp RAM 8GB hoặc 12GB
và 3 phiên bản ROM bao gồm: 256GB. 512GB và 1TB. Ngoài ra, dung lượng pin tiếp
tục giữ nguyên mức 5.000 mAh như đời tiền nhiệm.
>> Link bài viết chi tiết: Thông số cấu hình Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra có gì
HOT: Chip Snapdragon 8 Gen 2, Camera 200MP
### 4.2. Đánh giá
Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra sở hữu thiết kế tối ưu hơn so với đời trước nhưng vẫn
giữ được đặc trưng vuông vức của dòng S. Khung viền của máy được làm mỏng, các
góc được bo tròn hơn. Điều này mang đến trải nghiệm cầm tay chắc chắn và vừa
vặn hơn cho người dùng. Ngoài ra, điện thoại cũng tích hợp S Pen giúp người
dùng thao tác thuận tiện và nhanh chóng hơn.
Samsung đã ra mắt 4 phiên bản màu sắc cho S23 Ultra, bao gồm: Kem, Xanh, Đen
và Tím. Đây là những màu sắc khá mới so với những gì từng có trên dòng Note và
S22 Ultra trước đó. Sự trẻ trung và năng động đến từ những màu sắc mới này hứa
hẹn sẽ khiến mọi người “đổ” ngay.
Camera sau chính là một trong những trọng tâm thay đổi được quan tâm nhất ở
S23 Ultra. Đây là lần đầu tiên Samsung nâng cấp độ phân giải camera chính lên
đến 200MP. Thông số kỹ thuật này đảm bảo mang đến những bức ảnh “ăn đứt” ảnh
chụp từ camera của các dòng điện thoại khác trên thị trường. Không chỉ vậy,
ống kính còn kết hợp với công nghệ chống rung và các tính năng hỗ trợ chụp ảnh
tốt ngay cả trong môi trường thiếu ánh sáng. Các camera còn lại vẫn được giữ
nguyên, bao gồm: 2 camera tele 10MP (hỗ trợ zoom quang 3x và 10x) và 1 camera
góc rộng 12MP.
Tuy nhiên, Samsung không có sự nâng cấp về dung lượng pin cho S23 Ultra. Máy
vẫn duy trì viên pin có dung lượng 5.000 mAh. Nhưng nhờ được tối ưu điện năng
từ chip xử lý mà máy có thể hoạt động hơn một ngày dài. Về sạc nhanh, điện
thoại hỗ trợ công nghệ sạc nhanh 45W đi kèm với sạc nhanh không dây 15W và
không dây ngược 4,5W.
>> Link chi tiết bài đánh giá Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra mới nhất: Camera khủng,
Chip khủng… Liệu đã đủ để đứng đầu?
### 4.3. Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra có gì nâng cấp so với S22 Ultra?
Điểm nổi bật Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra Samsung Galaxy S22 Ultra
Bộ vi xử lý Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 Snapdragon 8 Gen 1
Bộ nhớ trong 256GB/512GB/1TB 256GB/512GB
Phiên bản màu Kem, Đen, Tím, Xanh Đen, Trắng, Đỏ, Xanh lá
>> Link bài so sánh Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra và Samsung Galaxy S22 Ultra: Phát
triển thêm những gì
## 5\. Bảng tổng hợp các thông số của Samsung Galaxy S23 Series
Thông số Samsung Galaxy S23 Samsung Galaxy S23 Plus Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra
Màn hình Dynamic AMOLEX 2X 6.1 inch Dynamic AMOLEX 2X 6.6 inch Dynamic AMOLEX
2X 6.8 inch
Độ phân giải 1080 x 2340 pixel 1080 x 2340 pixel 1440 x 3088 pixel
Tần số quét 120Hz 120Hz 120Hz
Chip xử lý Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 Snapdragon 8 Gen 2
RAM 8GB 8GB 12GB
Bộ nhớ trong 128GB | 256GB 256GB | 512GB 256GB | 512GB | 1 TB
Camera trước 12MP 12MP 12MP
Camera sau Camera chính 50MP
Camera siêu rộng 12MP
Camera tele 10MP Camera chính 50MP
Camera siêu rộng 12MP
Camera tele 10MP Camera chính 200MP
Camera siêu rộng 12MP
Camera tele 10MP
Dung lượng pin 3.900 mAh 4.700 mAh 5.000 mAh
S Pen Không Không Có
>> So sánh Samsung Galaxy S23, S23+ và S23 Ultra: Phiên bản nào đáng “xuống
tiền” nhất
## 6\. Lý do nên sở hữu ngay Samsung S23 Series?
Điện thoại Samsung Galaxy S23 Series đã có nhiều sự nâng cấp về công nghệ so
với phiên bản đời trước. Nếu bạn muốn tìm đến một thiết bị thuộc dòng cao cấp
với thiết kế tuyệt đẹp và khả năng chụp hình ấn tượng, S23 Series hứa hẹn sẽ
mang đến những trải nghiệm tốt nhất dành cho bạn.
Phiên bản tiêu chuẩn khi vừa mới ra mắt đã được đánh giá rất cao so với các
smartphone cùng tầm giá khác. Độ hoàn thiện của điện thoại này là rất tốt dù
cho kiểu dáng bên ngoài không có thay đổi nhiều so với tiền nhiệm. Ngoài ra,
điểm sáng nhất trong cấu hình chính là con chip Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 mới nhất
của Qualcomm, giúp cân mọi tác vụ nặng nhẹ khác nhau. Chưa hết, chất lượng của
camera của thiết bị cũng đáp ứng được mọi nhu cầu của đại đa số người dùng.
>> Giải đáp thắc mắc có nên mua Samsung Galaxy S23 hay không?
Trong tầm giá trình làng vừa rồi, S23 Plus cũng là một ứng cử viên cực kỳ sáng
giá. Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 đang là mẫu vi xử lý mới nhất của các mẫu smartphone
Android và nó đã được đưa lên cả series này. Hơn thế nữa, lần này bản Plus
trong dòng cũng được bổ sung thêm bộ nhớ 512GB, hỗ trợ bạn lưu trữ được nhiều
thứ hơn để phục vụ cho công việc, giải trí,... Do đó, đây hoàn toàn là thiết
bị đáng đồng tiền bát gạo trong 2023.
>> Giải đáp thắc mắc có nên mua Samsung Galaxy S23+ hay không?
Dù thiết kế S23 Ultra thay đổi không đáng kể nhưng trải nghiệm đem lại cho
người dùng là có sự khác biệt khá lớn. Camera chính lên đến 200 chấm về độ
phân giải cũng đã được xem là cực uy tín về khả năng chụp ảnh. Ngoài ra, chip
Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 là quân át chủ bài giúp Samsung S23 Ultra hoạt động với tốc
độ cao với mọi tác vụ mà không ghề giật, lag.
>> Giải đáp thắc mắc có nên mua Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra hay không?
## 7\. Trải nghiệm Samsung Galaxy S23 Series
Trải nghiệm thực tế khi cầm 3 thiết bị này trên tay vào lần đầu là cực kỳ
"đã". Nó vẫn mang lại cảm giác thân thuộc của dòng Galaxy S flagship qua các
năm mà không hề bị thay đổi. Phần khung của các máy đều được hoàn thiện từ kim
loại cao cấp, đem đến trải nghiệm cầm nắm rất chắc chắn, hạn chế được trơn
tuột tốt.
Khi nói về cấu hình thì cũng không cần phải bàn cãi quá nhiều khi mà bộ ba này
đều được tích hợp vi xử lý snapdragon 8 Gen 2. Đây là con chip mới nhất và
mạnh nhất đến từ nhà sản xuất lừng lẫy Qualcomm. Vì thế, hiệu năng mà các siêu
phẩm này đem lại hoàn toàn xứng đáng đạt top 1 trên toàn cầu.
Điểm đặc biệt tiếp theo khi nhắc tới của series này chính là việc Samsung nâng
cấp camera chính của bản Ultra lên tới 200 MP. Điều này giúp nâng cao chất
lượng ảnh chụp lên đáng kể, đặc biệt là khi chụp đêm.
>> Link chi tiết bài trải nghiệm Samsung Galaxy S23 Series thực tế
## 8\. Bảng giá Galaxy S23 Series mới nhất - Ưu đãi lên đến 12 triệu đồng
Sau khi đã khám phá những điểm nổi bật hẳn bạn sẽ tò mò về giá bán sản phẩm.
Tùy theo từng dòng và mức dung lượng bộ nhớ mà giá bán của mỗi chiếc điện
thoại sẽ có sự khác nhau. Theo đó, bộ nhớ càng lớn thì định giá máy càng cao.
Và đương nhiên phiên bản tiêu chuẩn sẽ có giá bán thấp hơn so với S23+ và S23
Ultra. Vậy nên việc lựa chọn thiết bị nào phụ thuộc vào nhu cầu và điều kiện
tài chính của riêng bạn.
Lưu ý: Bảng giá dưới đây được cập nhật đến ngày 09/02/2023. Mức giá có thể
thay đổi trong tương lai tùy theo tình hình biến động của thị trường.
Phiên bản Giá chỉ từ
Samsung Galaxy S23 256GB 24.990.000 VNĐ
Samsung Galaxy S23 Plus 256GB 26.990.000 VNĐ
Samsung Galaxy S23 Plus 512GB 29.990.000 VNĐ
Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra 256GB 31.990.000 VNĐ
Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra 512GB 36.990.000 VNĐ
Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra 1TB 44.990.000 VNĐ
>> Xem bảng giá S23 | S23 Plus | S23 Ultra mới nhất tại Di Động Việt kèm nhiều
ưu đãi cực khủng.
## 9\. Mua điện thoại Samsung Galaxy S23 series chính hãng, đến Di Động Việt
Nếu bạn đang tìm kiếm một chiếc điện thoại cao cấp thì đừng bỏ qua
series Samsung Galaxy S, cụ thể hơn là thế hệ Galaxy S23 Series. Và nếu bạn
đang tìm kiếm địa chỉ bán sản phẩm uy tín và chất lượng thì hãy đến ngay Di
Động Việt.
Mua điện thoại Samsung Galaxy S23 series chính hãng, đến Di Động Việt
Di Động Việt là thương hiệu chuyên cung cấp điện thoại Samsung chính hãng với
mức giá tốt nhất, đi kèm với đó là nhiều ưu đãi và chính sách bảo hành rõ
ràng. Hệ thống cửa hàng trải dài khắp cả nước chắc chắn là điểm dừng chân xứng
đáng để bạn tìm mua chiếc điện thoại cao cấp cho riêng mình.
Đến với Di Động Việt, khách hàng sẽ nhận được những quyền lợi sau:
* Cam kết điện thoại chính hãng 100%.
* Mức giá cạnh tranh và tốt nhất trên thị trường hiện nay.
* Bảo hành 12 tháng theo hãng sản xuất.
* Nhiều chương trình khuyến mãi với ưu đãi hấp dẫn.
* Hỗ trợ trả góp 0% với thủ tục đơn giản và nhanh chóng.
* Hỗ trợ trade-in thu cũ đổi mới với mức giá hỗ trợ tốt nhất.
* Chính sách giao hàng nhanh trong vòng 1 giờ đối với khu vực nội thành.
* Đội ngũ nhân viên chuyên nghiệp, nhiệt tình tư vấn và hỗ trợ khách hàng.
## 10\. Các câu hỏi thường gặp về Samsung Galaxy S23 Series
### 10.1. Samsung S23 Series khi nào ra mắt và mở bán?
Samsung S23 Series ra mắt ngày 02/02/2023. Ngày mở bán chính thức là ngày
17/02/2023.
### 10.2. Galaxy S23 Series có mấy màu?
Màu sắc Galaxy S23 series bao gồm 4 tùy chọn cơ bản: Đen Phantom, Kem Cotton,
Xanh Botanic, Tím Lilac và 4 tùy chọn độc quyền: Xanh Lime, Xanh SkyBlue, Xám
Graphite, Đỏ Lychee.
### 10.3. S23 series có những phụ kiện gì?
Phụ kiện S23 | S23+ bao gồm các mẫu ốp lưng, bao da, miếng dán bảo vệ màn
hình, sạc, Galaxy Buds, Galaxy Watch. Phụ kiện S23 Ultra sẽ bao gồm thêm bút S
Pen.
Di Động Việt
Dòng Samsung Galaxy S khác: S22 Series
Hệ thống 56 cửa hàng Di Động Việt
* * *
Nơi có tất cả các sản phẩm Di Động Việt đang kinh doanh và là nơi Trade-in Thu
cũ lên đời. Đặc biệt: Máy qua sử dụng giá rẻ, Trả góp linh hoạt với nhiều
phương thức
* 45 Nguyễn Trung Trực, Rạch Giá , Kiên Giang
* 132 Nguyễn Hữu Thọ, Bến Lức, Long An
* 574 Cách Mạng Tháng 8, Tây Ninh
* 60 Hàm Nghi, Thanh Khê, Đà Nẵng
* 417 Đại Lộ Bình Dương, Thủ Dầu Một, Bình Dương
* 13-15-17 Đường D1, Kp.4, P. Mỹ Phước, Bến Cát, Bình Dương
* 39/1-40/1A Đường 22/12, P. An Phú, Thuận An, Bình Dương
* 1110 Phú Riềng Đỏ, Đồng Xoài, Bình Phước
* 177 Lê Hồng Phong, Vũng Tàu
* 161 Trần Hưng Đạo,Phan Thiết, Bình Thuận
* 316 Hùng Vương, Kp.3, Xuân Bình, Long Khánh
* 91,92,93/2, KP. 8A, Tân Biên, Biên Hòa
* 515 Nguyễn Duy Trinh, Bình Trưng Đông, Thủ Đức
* 967 Kha Vạn Cân, Linh Chiểu, Thủ Đức
* 237 Khánh Hội , P.5 , Quận 4, Hồ Chí Minh
* 1270 Quang Trung, P. 14, Quận Gò Vấp, Hồ Chí Minh
* 04 Nguyễn Ảnh Thủ, P. Hiệp Thành, Quận 12, Hồ Chí Minh
Hệ thống 10 cửa hàng Di Động Việt đạt chuẩn PPG của Apple
* * *
Di Động Việt tự hào với hệ thống 10 cửa hàng đạt chuẩn PPG, có mặt chính thức
trên website của Apple.com (locate.apple.com/vn/en/sales)
* 77 Trần Quang Khải, P. Tân Định, Quận 1, Tp. Hồ Chí Minh
* 79 Đồng Khởi, P. Bến Nghé, Quận 1, Tp. Hồ Chí Minh
* 745A Đường 3/2, Phường 6, Quận 10, Tp. Hồ Chí Minh
* 619 Nguyễn Thị Thập, P. Tân Hưng, Quận 7, Tp. Hồ Chí Minh
* 621 Âu Cơ, P. Phú Thuận, Quận Tân Phú, Tp. Hồ Chí Minh
Hệ thống 05 cửa hàng SiS Mobifone - Di Động Việt
* * *
Hệ thống liên kết theo mô hình Shop in Shop (SiS) giữa Mobifone và Di
Động Việt. Nơi chỉ bán điện thoại Samsung, Oppo, Vsmart, Xiaomi với giá rẻ
nhất thị trường.
* 80 Nguyễn Du, P. Bến Nghé, Quận 1, TP.HCM
* 291A Tô Hiến Thành, P. 13, Quận 10, TP.HCM
* 122A Phan Đăng Lưu, Phường 3, Quận Phú Nhuận, TP.HCM
* 254 Lê Văn Việt, P. Tăng Nhơn Phú A, Quận 9, TP.HCM
* 365 Cộng Hòa, P. 13, Quận Tân Bình, TP.HCM
* Mua hàng từ xa
* Mua hàng trả góp
* Chính sách bảo hành
* Chính sách đổi trả
* Chính sách bán hàng
* Chính sách bảo mật
* Chính sách sử dụng
* Chính sách kiểm hàng
* Hệ thống cửa hàng
* Khuyến mãi trong tháng
* Công nghệ 24h
* Trade-in thu cũ lên đời
* Tra cứu điểm thành viên
* Tuyển dụng mới nhất
* Hướng dẫn mua hàng từ xa
* Trung tâm bảo hành Apple tại Việt Nam
Hỗ trợ
* Gọi tư vấn máy - phụ kiện
(08:00 – 21:30)
1800.6018
* Khiếu nại - Góp ý
(08:00 – 21:30)
1800.6306
* Bảo hành - Hỗ trợ kỹ thuật
(09:00 – 21:00)
1800.6729
* Gọi mua hàng từ xa
(08:00 – 21:30)
1800.6018
Kết nối Di Động Việt
Hỗ trợ thanh toán
Chung nhan Tin Nhiem Mang DMCA.com Protection Status THÔNG TIN WEBSITE THƯƠNG
MẠI ĐIỆN TỬ
Công Ty TNHH Công Nghệ Di Động Việt
Sản phẩm bán chạy
* iPhone 14 Pro Max
* iPhone 13 Pro Max
* Samsung S22 Ultra
* Samsung Galaxy Z Fold4
* Samsung Galaxy Z Flip4
* Oppo Reno8
* Macbook Air M2
* AirPods Pro 2021
* Đồng hồ Garmin
Điện thoại
* iPhone 14 VN/A series
* iPhone 13 VN/A series
* iPhone 12 VN/A series
* iPhone 11 VN/A series
* iPhone Cũ
* Samsung
* Nokia
* Oppo
* Xiaomi
* Điện thoại gập
* Điện thoại cũ
Đồng hồ thông minh
* Apple Watch
* Samsung Galaxy Watch
* Xiaomi Mi Band
* Vòng đeo tay
* Đồng hồ định vị trẻ em
* Đồng hồ Cũ
* Apple Watch cũ
Máy tính bảng
* iPad
* iPad Air 5
* Galaxy Tab
* Xiaomi Pad
Phụ kiện
* Phụ kiện MacBook/Laptop
* Ốp lưng, bao da
* Kính cường lực
* Củ sạc
* Cáp sạc
* Sạc dự phòng
* Tai nghe
* Loa nghe nhạc
* Thiết bị y tế
* Smarthome
Đối tác Sửa chữa Điện thoại - Laptop và Bảo hành Ủy quyền
Viện Di Động
Thế giới máy cũ
* * *
CÔNG TY TNHH CÔNG NGHỆ DI ĐỘNG VIỆT - 75/35 Nguyễn Cửu Vân, Phường 17, Quận
Bình Thạnh, TP Hồ Chí Minh.
Mã số doanh nghiệp: 0312193244, ngày cấp: 05/03/2021, nơi cấp: Sở kế hoạch và
đầu tư thành phố Hồ Chí Minh
MST:0312193244.
Chủ sở hữu: Nguyễn Ngọc Đạt - Điện thoại: 1800.6018 (miễn phí) - Email:
[email protected] - Bản quyền thuộc về Di Động Việt.
Chọn sản phẩm so sánh
So sánh
Ưu đãi
Màn hinh
Camera sau
Camera trước
Hệ điều hành - CPU
Bộ nhớ - Lưu trữ
Kết nối
Thiết kế
Thông tin pin sạc
Thông tin khác
Chào mừng trở lại
Tạo một tài khoản để nhận được những ưu đãi tốt nhất từ Di Động Việt
Email
Mật khẩu
Đăng nhập
Bạn quên mật khẩu?
Lấy lại mật khẩu
Hoặc đăng nhập bằng
Đăng ký tài khoản
Tạo một tài khoản để nhận được những ưu đãi tốt nhất từ Di Động Việt
Email
Mật khẩu
Xác nhận mật khẩu
Đăng ký
Bạn đã có tài khoản?
Đăng nhập
Hoặc đăng ký bằng
*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
|
spiderum_text/4905 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
Google Workspace
* Oplossingen
close
#### arrow_forward
Oplossingen Alle apps bekijken
Voor individuen
* OverzichtGoogle Workspace voor individuen
Voor het MKB
* OverzichtGoogle Workspace Business
* Klein bedrijfProductiviteitstools voor kleine bedrijven
* Nieuw bedrijfTools voor nieuwe bedrijven
* StartupsProductiviteitstools voor startups
Voor grootzakelijke klanten
* OverzichtGoogle Workspace Enterprise
* EerstelijnsmedewerkersGoogle Workspace voor eerstelijnsmedewerkers
* Veiliger werkenOrganisaties beschermen tegen cyberaanvallen
#### arrow_forward
Oplossingen Alle apps bekijken
* Ontwikkelaars
* Onderwijs
* Non-profitorganisaties
* Producten
close
#### Inbegrepen apps arrow_forward
Producten Alle apps bekijken
* GmailAangepaste zakelijke e-mail
* AgendaGedeelde agenda's
* DriveCloudopslag
* MeetTelefonische en videovergaderingen
* DocumentenTekstverwerking
* SpreadsheetsSpreadsheets
* PresentatiesPresentatiebouwer
* ChatBerichten sturen voor teams
#### Beveiliging en beheer arrow_forward
Producten Alle apps bekijken
* Beheerdersconsole
* Add-ons
* Branches
close
#### arrow_forward
Branches Alle apps bekijken
Branches
* Gezondheidszorg en biowetenschappen
* Detailhandel
* Productie
* Overheid en publieke sector
* Zakelijke dienstverlening
* Technologie
Afdelingen
* Verkoop
* Marketing
* Human Resources
#### arrow_forward
Branches Alle apps bekijken
* Beveiliging
* Kosten
* Bronnen
close
#### arrow_forward
Bronnen Alle apps bekijken
Discover
* BeveiligingUw gegevens beschermen
* Op afstand werkenHulpbronnen voor op afstand werken
* Verhalen van klantenCasestudy's en video's
* BlogHet laatste productnieuws en nieuwe artikelen
Leren
* Veelgestelde vragenAntwoorden op veelgestelde vragen
* Training en certificeringOndemand- of klassikale training
* Live en ondemand-evenementenEvenementen en webinars ontdekken
* VideovergaderingenMeer informatie over Google Meet
Verbinden
* PartnersDe juiste partner vinden
* MarketplaceApps bekijken en installeren
* Add-ons voor Google WorkspaceApps van derden integreren
* Google Workspace verwijzenBeloningen verdienen met ons Referral Program
#### arrow_forward
Bronnen Alle apps bekijken
* Support voor beheerders
* Support voor gebruikers
* Beheerdersconsole
* Neem contact op met de verkoopafdeling
* Nu starten
menu clear
* Oplossingen
* * Voor individuen
* Voor het MKB
* Overzicht
* Klein bedrijf
* Nieuw bedrijf
* Startups
* Voor grootzakelijke klanten
* Overzicht
* Eerstelijnsmedewerkers
* Veiliger werken
* * Ontwikkelaars
* Onderwijs
* Non-profitorganisaties
* Producten
* Inbegrepen apps
* Gmail
* Agenda
* Drive
* Meet
* Meer weergeven Minder weergeven
* Documenten
* Spreadsheets
* Presentaties
* Chat
* Beveiliging en beheer
* Beheerdersconsole
* Add-ons
* Branches
* * Branches
* Gezondheidszorg en biowetenschappen
* Detailhandel
* Productie
* Overheid en publieke sector
* Zakelijke dienstverlening
* Technologie
* Afdelingen
* Verkoop
* Marketing
* Human Resources
* * Beveiliging
* Kosten
* Bronnen
* * Discover
* Beveiliging
* Op afstand werken
* Verhalen van klanten
* Blog
* Leren
* Veelgestelde vragen
* Training en certificering
* Live en ondemand-evenementen
* Videovergaderingen
* Verbinden
* Partners
* Marketplace
* Add-ons voor Google Workspace
* Google Workspace verwijzen
* * Support voor beheerders
* Support voor gebruikers
Beheerdersconsole
* Support voor beheerders
* Support voor gebruikers
Neem contact op met de verkoopafdeling Nu starten
# Lever uw beste werk, allemaal op één plek.
Nu starten
Google Workspace features
Inbegrepen apps
* Gmail
* Meet
* Chat
* Calendar
* Drive
* Docs
* Sheets
* Slides
* Forms
* Sites
* Keep
* Apps Script
* Cloud Search
* Jamboard
Beveiliging en beheer
* Admin
* Endpoint
* Vault
* Work Insights
HOE HET WERKT
# Met Google Workspace wordt samenwerken een stuk gemakkelijker
## Voer persoonlijk overleg en kom sneller tot beslissingen
Gebruik gedeelde agenda's om te zien wanneer anderen beschikbaar zijn en plan
vergaderingen met automatische e-mailuitnodigingen.
Met één klik verandert u uw vergadering in een videovergadering vanaf elk
apparaat (computer, telefoon of tablet) met een camera.
Deel uw scherm om uw werk als team te bekijken en neem samen meteen
beslissingen.
Hangouts-gesprekken
## Werk in realtime samen
Werk gemakkelijk aan documenten, spreadsheets en presentaties op uw apparaten,
met of zonder internet.
Werk samen met teamleden of mensen buiten uw bedrijf aan één document. U
kunt de bewerkingen van anderen zien terwijl ze worden getypt, communiceren
via de ingebouwde chatfunctie en vragen stellen door opmerkingen toe te
voegen.
Meerdere mensen kunnen tegelijkertijd aan een document werken en alle
wijzigingen worden automatisch opgeslagen.
Google Documenten
## Bewaar en deel bestanden in de cloud
Sla al uw werk op één centrale plaats op met beveiligde toegang vanaf uw
computer, telefoon of tablet.
Nodig snel anderen uit om een bestand te bekijken, te downloaden of hieraan
samen te werken, zonder dat u e-mailbijlagen hoeft te verzenden.
Bestandsupdates worden automatisch opgeslagen in Drive, zodat iedereen altijd
toegang heeft tot de nieuwste versie.
Drive
## Beveilig uw gegevens en apparaten
Bescherm de gegevens van uw bedrijf met beveiligingsopties zoals verificatie
in twee stappen en Single sign-on, en gebruik eindpuntbeheer om uw gegevens te
beveiligen in het geval van een kwijtgeraakt apparaat of personeelswisseling.
Archiveer e-mailberichten en bewaarde chats en beheer hoelang ze worden
bewaard.
Configureer beveiligingsinstellingen gemakkelijk vanuit een gecentraliseerde
beheerconsole en bel of e-mail Google Support als u hulp nodig heeft: 24 uur
per dag, zeven dagen per week.
Beheerder
## Probeer Google Workspace kosteloos uit.
Nu starten
### Aanmelden voor de Google Workspace-nieuwsbrief
Geef een geldig e-mailadres op.
Land {[country.countryName]}
Dit is een verplicht veld
Ik wil me ook aanmelden voor e-mails van Google Cloud met onder andere nieuws,
productupdates, informatie over evenementen en speciale aanbiedingen.
(Optioneel. U kunt zich altijd afmelden.)
Dit is een verplicht veld
Ik begrijp dat mijn persoonsgegevens worden verwerkt in overeenstemming met
het Privacybeleid van Google.
*Nieuws en inzichten zijn in het Engels
Aanmelden
Hartelijk bedankt! We nemen binnenkort contact met u op.
* * video_youtube
* * * #### Inbegrepen apps
* Gmail
* Meet
* Chat
* Agenda
* Drive
* Documenten
* Spreadsheets
* Presentaties
* Formulieren
* Sites
* Keep
* Apps Script
* Cloud Search
#### Beveiliging en beheer
* Beheerdersconsole
* Eindpunt
* Vault
* Work Insights
#### Oplossingen
* Nieuw bedrijf
* Klein bedrijf
* Zakelijk
* Education
* Non-profitorganisaties
#### Prijzen
* Een versie kiezen
#### Add-ons
* AppSheet
#### Bronnen
* Op afstand werken
* Beveiliging
* Veelgestelde vragen
* Partners
* Marktplaats
* Google Workspace Add-ons
* Training en certificering
* Ontwikkelaars
#### Informatie en support
* Hulp voor beheerders
* Installatie- en implementatiecentrum
* Informatiecentrum voor gebruikers
* Forums voor beheerders
* Google Workspace-dashboard
* Een Google Workspace-partner vinden
* Pers
#### Meer van Google
* Google Cloud
* Chrome Enterprise
* Google Bedrijfsoplossingen
* Google Ads
* Business Messages
* Deelnemen aan gebruikersonderzoeken
* Google
* Over Google
* Google-producten
* Privacy
* Voorwaarden
language Nederlands Taal wijzigen
* Bahasa Indonesia
* ÄeÅ¡tina
* Dansk
* Deutsch
* Deutsch â Schweiz
* English
* English â Australia
* English â Canada
* English â India
* English â Indonesia
* English â Ireland
* English â Malaysia
* English â New Zealand
* English â Philippines
* English â Singapore
* English â South Africa
* English â United Kingdom
* Español
* Español (Latinoamérica)
* Español (Latinoamérica) â Argentina
* Español (Latinoamérica) â México
* Español (Latinoamérica) â Estados Unidos
* Français
* Français â Canada
* Français â Suisse
* Italiano
* Magyar
* Nederlands
* Norsk
* Polski
* Português (Brasil)
* Português (Portugal)
* Suomi
* Svenska
* Tiếng Viá»t
* Türkçe
* Ð ÑÑÑкий
* УкÑаÑнÑÑка
* â«×¢×ר×תâ¬
* â«Ø§ÙعربÙØ©â¬
* â«Ø§ÙعربÙØ© â ٠صرâ¬
* à¹à¸à¸¢
* íêµì´
* ä¸æ (é¦æ¸¯)
* ä¸æï¼ç®ä½ä¸æï¼
* ä¸æï¼ç¹é«ä¸æï¼
* æ¥æ¬èª
*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate. Executive Order 135 §6 states that for "census years" (years divisible by 10) the reference date would be May 1st, but for all other years, the reference date is to be the "middle of the year". This means that growth rates, although correct, are not necessarily simple year-on-year comparisons.
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
*[11:24 ngày 21/2/23]:
*[18:45 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[14:42 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[17:56 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[11:21 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[11:39 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[11:35 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[08:31 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[14:01 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[13:28 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[12:15 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[08:44 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[Ref.]: References
*[PSGC]: Philippine Standard Geographic Code
*[SEC]: Securities and Exchange Commission
*[RTC]: Regional Trial Court
*[Crim.]: Criminal
*[ BBC ]: British Broadcasting Corporation
*[Barangay]: Total number of barangays
*[(DK)]: Denmark
*[(NO)]: Norway
*[(GB)]: United Kingdom
*[(IL)]: Israel
*[(FI)]: Finland
*[(HU)]: Hungary
*[(AU)]: Australia
*[(US)]: United States
*[(CA)]: Canada
*[(MU)]: Mauritius
*[(BB)]: Barbados
*[(KR)]: South Korea
*[(PK)]: Pakistan
*[(MR)]: Mauritania
|
spiderum_text/4577 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
# Web server is returning an unknown error Error code 520
Visit cloudflare.com for more information.
2023-02-15 14:56:15 UTC
You
### Browser
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Ashburn
### Cloudflare
Working
spiderum.com
### Host
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## What happened?
There is an unknown connection issue between Cloudflare and the origin web
server. As a result, the web page can not be displayed.
## What can I do?
### If you are a visitor of this website:
Please try again in a few minutes.
### If you are the owner of this website:
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Cloudflare Ray ID: 799ee30cd87305a4 • Your IP: Click to reveal 3.211.110.80 •
Performance & security by Cloudflare
*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
*[11:24 ngày 21/2/23]:
*[18:45 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[14:42 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[17:56 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[11:21 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[11:39 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[11:35 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[08:31 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[14:01 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[13:28 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[12:15 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[08:44 ngày 18/2/23]:
|
spiderum_text/1229 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
Twitter
# JavaScript கிடைக்கவில்லை.
இந்த உலாவியில் JavaScript முடக்கப்பட்டுள்ளதைக் கண்டறிந்துள்ளோம். twitter.com-
ஐத் தொடர்ந்து பயன்படுத்த, JavaScript-ஐ இயக்கவும் அல்லது ஆதரிக்கப்படும்
உலாவிக்கு மாறவும். ஆதரிக்கப்படும் உலாவிகளின் பட்டியலை எங்கள் உதவி மையத்தில்
காணலாம்.
உதவி மையம்
சேவை விதிமுறைகள் தனியுரிமைக் கொள்கை குக்கீகள் கொள்கை Imprint விளம்பரத் தகவல் ©
2023 Twitter, Inc.
#
உள் நுழைக
பதிவு செய்க
புதிய கீச்சுகளைப் பார்க்கவும்
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம் மற்றும் சுயவிவரப் புகைப்படத்தைக் திறக்கிறது
பின்தொடர்
GoogleWorkspace-ஐ பின்தொடர் செய்ய, கிளிக் செய்க
Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
Everything you need to get anything done, now in one place. For product
support reach out to
@AskWorkspace
.
Mountain View, CAworkspace.google.comஇணைந்த தேதி: அக்டோபர் 2008
6,037 பின்தொடர்கிறீர்கள்
992.1ஆ பின்தொடர்பவர்கள்
கீச்சுகள்
கீச்சுகள் & பதில்கள்
ஊடகம்
விருப்பங்கள்
# Google Workspace -இன் கீச்சுகள்
பின்செய்த ட்விட்
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
ஜன. 18
The new year is the perfect time to refresh and plan ahead for success. Tell
us your plans in the comments. → https://goo.gle/3VISJEJ
படம்
12
18
81
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
1 ம.நே.
Do you think love can bloom, even on a #GoogleMeet?
ட்விட்டை மேற்கோள் காட்டு
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Calendar
@googlecalendar
·
22 ம.நே.
Make sure you accept your Calendar invite and hop on #GoogleMeet, so you don’t
miss seeing that special someone. 🐶 → https://goo.gle/3HK8bv6
உட்பொதிக்கப்பட்ட வீடியோ
0:17
1.3ஆ பார்வைகள்
5
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
17 ம.நே.
Your
@gmail
, your way 😉 Learn how to customize the look of your inbox in a few easy steps
→ https://goo.gle/3jSWDhg
படம்
2
12
46
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
19 ம.நே.
These #GoogleWorkspace apps think they’re the one for you. Let us know which
Google Workspace app is your best match. #ValentinesDay →
https://goo.gle/3RYDCGN
படம்
3
9
23
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
21 ம.நே.
TFW #GoogleWorkspace is your Valentine… 💌 Hey! It’s not sad, we love ourselves
and we’re not afraid to say it.
ட்விட்டை மேற்கோள் காட்டு
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Gmail
@gmail
·
பிப். 13
Sending work emails on a date is not romantic. Let vacation responder be your
wingman. → https://goo.gle/3Q94X8s
A Gmail Out of Office Auto-Reply scheduled for February 14th with the Subject
Line that reads, "Valentine's Day," and an Auto-reply that reads, "Hello, I am
currently OOO, as I am on a very romantic date. If it is urgent, please
contact me using a grand romantic gesture. See the attached image for
reference. Thank you for your patience." The attached image is a mime holding
a rose.
பட விளக்கத்தைப் படிக்கவும்
ALT
1
1
14
Google Workspace மறுட்வீட் செய்துள்ளார்
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Docs
@googledocs
·
பிப். 13
Congratulations to the #Chiefs on an incredible win yesterday! →
https://goo.gle/3YHMRxq
Google Form poll asking, "What was your favorite moment from the Big Game?"
with multiple choice answers including "Rihanna's half-time performance,"
"Travis Kelce's touchdown celebration," "Doja Cat's cameo in the Google Pixel
ad," "All the snacks I ate," and "Everything! Wow, what a game!"
பட விளக்கத்தைப் படிக்கவும்
ALT
4
8
10
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
பிப். 13
What are you looking forward to this week? Let us know in the comments! 👇
ட்விட்டை மேற்கோள் காட்டு
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Calendar
@googlecalendar
·
பிப். 13
Busy week ahead! What’s on your #GoogleCalendar? → https://goo.gle/3Cx3EL0
A Google Calendar that displays events taking place this week, February 12-17,
2023. The events are: Sunday, February 12th "The Big Game," Monday, February
13th "Clean Out Your Computer Day," Tuesday, February 14th three heart emojis
are displayed, Wednesday, February 15th "Full Swing Released on Netflix,"
Friday, February 17th "Random Acts of Kindness Day."
பட விளக்கத்தைப் படிக்கவும்
ALT
1
3
13
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
பிப். 13
Noto fonts are available in #GoogleWorkspace! Find out how to find and use the
fonts in Docs, Sheets, and Slides 👉 https://goo.gle/3YyNmde
படம்
2
6
25
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
பிப். 10
Hey, #GoogleWorkspace Admins! Make sure to check out the community blog for
the latest Google Workspace news ➡️ https://goo.gle/3E0cnGi
படம்
1
3
23
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
பிப். 10
Don’t forget to celebrate your women and girls in STEM this weekend! 👩🔬
#InternationalDayofWomenandGirlsinScience
ட்விட்டை மேற்கோள் காட்டு
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Calendar
@googlecalendar
·
பிப். 10
Here’s to all the women and girls making an impact in STEM-related fields! 🔬 →
https://goo.gle/3i8OgNX
A Google Calendar event for the "International Day of Women and Girls in
Science," scheduled for Saturday, February 11th, 2023
பட விளக்கத்தைப் படிக்கவும்
ALT
2
6
21
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
பிப். 10
We’re not ones to keep true love on read.
ட்விட்டை மேற்கோள் காட்டு
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Gmail
@gmail
·
பிப். 10
Roses are red The #GoogleDocs logo is blue By the time you opened this email
This assignment was past due :( → https://goo.gle/3J2SC3Y
A Gmail notification with a subject line that reads, "Find your soulmate
inside this email."
பட விளக்கத்தைப் படிக்கவும்
ALT
2
19
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
பிப். 10
Take your team's collaboration to the next level by using #GoogleMeet in Docs,
Sheets, and Slides 🧑💻 → https://goo.gle/3lhQCel
படம்
8
29
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
பிப். 10
#GooglePartner
@seanoulashin
has the best tips to get you organized for 2023 with #GoogleCalendar in
#GoogleWorkspace 👉 https://goo.gle/3IMavUT
உட்பொதிக்கப்பட்ட வீடியோ
1:16
2ஆ பார்வைகள்
4
4
29
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
பிப். 9
Whether or not you believe in astrology, a visionary, intelligent, original,
independent, and unique person seems like a win for any team!
ட்விட்டை மேற்கோள் காட்டு
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Docs
@googledocs
·
பிப். 9
We don’t carry water for any astrological sign in particular, but we strongly
believe that Aquarians are born between Jan 20 and Feb 18. →
https://goo.gle/3vgWSok
படம்
3
6
25
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
பிப். 9
A #GoogleDrive this organized deserves a touchdown celebration. Don’t care if
it’s against the regulations!
ட்விட்டை மேற்கோள் காட்டு
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Drive
@googledrive
·
பிப். 8
Essential skills for Football. Speed, strength and #GoogleDrive organization 🙊
→ https://goo.gle/3islYhl
உட்பொதிக்கப்பட்ட வீடியோ
0:35
3.4ஆ பார்வைகள்
1
7
31
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
பிப். 8
When it comes to family travel plans,
@googlecalendar
has got you covered.
ட்விட்டை மேற்கோள் காட்டு
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Calendar
@googlecalendar
·
பிப். 8
Got family to pick up at the airport? Have them forward their flight info to
your @gmail! You can set up #GoogleCalendar to automatically add flight info
so you get there right on time. → https://goo.gle/3Cx3EL0
உட்பொதிக்கப்பட்ட வீடியோ
0:28
6.7ஆ பார்வைகள்
1
4
27
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
பிப். 8
We’re hootin’ and hollerin’ for our latest #GoogleSheets art piece!
ட்விட்டை மேற்கோள் காட்டு
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Docs
@googledocs
·
பிப். 7
Whooooooo loves the latest addition to the #GoogleSheets art gallery? 🙋🦉 →
https://goo.gle/3YfbXUi
படம்
9
19
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
பிப். 8
Have questions about the Google Currents migration to Spaces? Join us on
February 23rd to learn details on the migration and new upcoming Spaces
features, plus time for live Q&A 👉 https://goo.gle/currents-spaces
படம்
12
24
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
பிப். 7
#ICYMI: The January #GoogleWorkspace Customer Newsletter is out! Get a summary
of major product updates, resources, learning, training, and best practices
you may have missed last month → https://goo.gle/3HGEX06
படம்
8
16
Google Workspace மறுட்வீட் செய்துள்ளார்
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Gmail
@gmail
·
பிப். 7
We've heard questions from users regarding challenges with calling in
#GoogleChat. To make direct Meet calls from the Chat app, you must have the
latest version of the Gmail mobile app installed. Check out the help center
for more information ➡️ https://goo.gle/3j9rhTa
படம்
24
18
112
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
பிப். 7
No matter what letters follow the “.” in a file, you can (probably) open it in
#GoogleDrive. That includes images — which can be turned into editable text!
ட்விட்டை மேற்கோள் காட்டு
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Drive
@googledrive
·
பிப். 6
Trouble editing PDFs and images? Not anymore. You can open PDFs and images in
#GoogleDrive and edit them right in the app. 😎 → https://goo.gle/3IltncN
உட்பொதிக்கப்பட்ட வீடியோ
0:18
6.9ஆ பார்வைகள்
1
9
31
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
பிப். 7
Tell us how
@googlecloud
changed your organization's achievements this year for a chance to be globally
recognized as part of the Google Cloud Awards! Submissions are now open to
customers and partners 🏆 → https://goo.gle/3jliZIb
படம்
3
14
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
பிப். 6
Join Wainhouse Research and #GoogleMeet for a discussion on hybrid work and
the innovations for meeting rooms ↓
wainhouse.com
Wainhouse Live! From the Show Floor with Google at ISE 2023
Wainhouse Live! From the Show Floor with Google at ISE 2023
4
17
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
பிப். 6
Or, if you really want to show your appreciation, skip the email and treat
them to coffee.
ட்விட்டை மேற்கோள் காட்டு
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Gmail
@gmail
·
பிப். 6
The single best way to thank any coworker, in our opinion, is more concise
emails. → https://goo.gle/3vHB85j
In the upper left corner, the text reads "What I Say" with a Gmail message
thanking a coworker for finishing a project earlier than expected in the upper
right corner. In the lower-left corner, the text reads "What I'm actually
thinking" with a Gmail message thanking the coworker for making room for the
three new projects from the client in the lower right corner.
பட விளக்கத்தைப் படிக்கவும்
ALT
5
15
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
பிப். 6
Clearly show that you will not be able to make that 8am meeting.
ட்விட்டை மேற்கோள் காட்டு
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Calendar
@googlecalendar
·
பிப். 6
Help out anyone who wants to schedule meetings with you to know when you’re
available. → https://goo.gle/3i8OgNX
உட்பொதிக்கப்பட்ட வீடியோ
0:34
1.9ஆ பார்வைகள்
5
22
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
பிப். 6
When words aren't enough, try using an emoji 👍 In-meeting reactions are now
available in #GoogleMeet → https://goo.gle/3jhK8LT
படம்
14
20
99
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
பிப். 3
A very helpful feature if you need to chase someone down for editing
permissions.
ட்விட்டை மேற்கோள் காட்டு
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Drive
@googledrive
·
பிப். 2
Want to trace a shared file to its owner? Look in "shared with me" to see who
gave you access. → https://goo.gle/3IltncN
உட்பொதிக்கப்பட்ட வீடியோ
0:13
2.3ஆ பார்வைகள்
2
6
18
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
பிப். 3
It's a bold move. Wonder how Ms. Johnson will respond.
ட்விட்டை மேற்கோள் காட்டு
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Gmail
@gmail
·
பிப். 3
We’re worried about Stumpers. Dogs really shouldn't be eating RAM. →
https://goo.gle/3J2SC3Y
Gmail Inbox with an drafting email written to Ms. Johnson with the subject
title "My Dog Ate My Homework"
பட விளக்கத்தைப் படிக்கவும்
ALT
5
24
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
பிப். 3
Learn how to use spaces in #GoogleChat to create online communities with
friends, family, or coworkers 💬 👉 https://goo.gle/3WXFW1J
படம்
1
9
32
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
பிப். 3
It’s already looking like another busy month! #GoogleWorkspace will always be
here to help keep you on track
ட்விட்டை மேற்கோள் காட்டு
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Calendar
@googlecalendar
·
பிப். 2
Is there anything more satisfying than flipping over to a new month in your
calendar? → https://goo.gle/3Cx3EL0
படம்
1
7
22
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
பிப். 2
Good notes are organized notes, and our templates help you create and maintain
a hierarchy of information.
ட்விட்டை மேற்கோள் காட்டு
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Docs
@googledocs
·
பிப். 1
Remember, good note taking isn’t just dictation. You’ve gotta highlight what’s
important and why. → https://goo.gle/3WF3NUg
உட்பொதிக்கப்பட்ட வீடியோ
0:23
2.4ஆ பார்வைகள்
1
7
25
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
பிப். 2
Read our productivity guide for tips on using #GoogleWorkspace to maximize
your administrative skills 💪 → https://goo.gle/3RqFBDs
படம்
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30
85
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
பிப். 2
Here's 4 tips to boost focus in the world of hybrid work from Google's
productivity advisor 👉 https://goo.gle/3WYXrPa
படம்
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10
28
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
பிப். 2
In
@googledocs
, an emoji reaction is worth 1000 words 😉 Learn more → https://goo.gle/3VTYhMF
உட்பொதிக்கப்பட்ட வீடியோ
GIF
3
10
28
Google Workspace மறுட்வீட் செய்துள்ளார்
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
பிப். 1
Are you ready to bring your epic moments into the spotlight? #SamsungUnpacked
is now LIVE.
உட்பொதிக்கப்பட்ட வீடியோ
Event
Samsung Galaxy Unpacked February 2023: Official Livestream
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Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
பிப். 1
Create custom templates for Docs, Sheets, Slides and more in #GoogleWorkspace
→ https://goo.gle/3HuJyCS
படம்
2
11
32
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
பிப். 1
Mission: Very possible. Very private.
ட்விட்டை மேற்கோள் காட்டு
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Gmail
@gmail
·
ஜன. 31
Your mission, should you choose to accept it, is to ensure that your emails
are read only by approved personnel, and only for an approved period of time,
by activating confidential mode on #Gmail → https://goo.gle/3vHB85j
உட்பொதிக்கப்பட்ட வீடியோ
0:25
10.7ஆ பார்வைகள்
1
9
48
Google Workspace மறுட்வீட் செய்துள்ளார்
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Cloud
@googlecloud
·
ஜன. 31
Mark your calendars 📅 #GoogleCloudNext is back and in person August 29–31.
Join us for a week of insights, customer success stories, product demos, and
more. In the meantime, revisit last year’s keynote with
@ThomasOrTK
→ https://goo.gle/3X0UMVq
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7
42
108
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
ஜன. 31
Learn how #AppSheet continues to grow as a low-code platform market leader and
how it plans to stay there 👉 https://goo.gle/3wAMb0U
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4
11
37
வணிகச் சுயவிவரப் படம்
Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
ஜன. 31
While presenting in #GoogleMeet, stay connected and engaged with your audience
using the picture-in-picture feature 🧑💻 Check it out.→
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38
*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
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*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
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*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
|
spiderum_text/5490 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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* GADNativeAppInstallAdView
* GADNativeContentAd
* GADNativeContentAdView
* GADNativeCustomTemplateAd
* GADNativeExpressAdView
* GADNativeMuteThisAdLoaderOptions
* GADRTBRequestParameters
* GADRequest
* GADRequestConfiguration
* GADRequestError
* GADRewardBasedVideoAd
* GADRewardedAd
* GADSearchBannerView
* GADSearchRequest
* GADServerSideVerificationOptions
* GADUnifiedNativeAd
* GADUnifiedNativeAdView
* GADVideoController
* GADVideoOptions
* Constants
* Overview
* GADCustomEventParametersServer
* GADNativeCustomTemplateAdMediaViewKey
* GoogleMobileAdsVersionString
* adChoicesViewAsset
* adChoicesViewAsset
* advertiserAsset
* advertiserAsset
* attributionIconAsset
* attributionIconAsset
* attributionTextAsset
* attributionTextAsset
* backgroundAsset
* backgroundAsset
* bodyAsset
* bodyAsset
* bodyAsset
* callToActionAsset
* callToActionAsset
* callToActionAsset
* choicesViewAsset
* dfpBanner
* general
* headlineAsset
* headlineAsset
* headlineAsset
* iconAsset
* iconAsset
* imageAsset
* imageAsset
* imageAsset
* kDFPSimulatorID
* kGADAdSizeBanner
* kGADAdSizeFluid
* kGADAdSizeFullBanner
* kGADAdSizeInvalid
* kGADAdSizeLargeBanner
* kGADAdSizeLeaderboard
* kGADAdSizeMediumRectangle
* kGADAdSizeSkyscraper
* kGADAdSizeSmartBannerLandscape
* kGADAdSizeSmartBannerPortrait
* kGADErrorDomain
* kGADSimulatorID
* logoAsset
* matureAudience
* mediaViewAsset
* mediaViewAsset
* mediaViewAsset
* nativeAppInstall
* nativeContent
* nativeCustomTemplate
* parentalGuidance
* priceAsset
* priceAsset
* starRatingAsset
* starRatingAsset
* storeAsset
* storeAsset
* teen
* unifiedNative
* Enumerations
* Overview
* GADAdChoicesPosition
* GADAdFormat
* GADAdapterInitializationState
* GADErrorCode
* GADGender
* GADInAppPurchaseStatus
* GADMBannerAnimationType
* GADNativeAdImageAdLoaderOptionsOrientation
* GADSearchBorderType
* GADSearchCallButtonColor
* Protocols
* Overview
* DFPBannerAdLoaderDelegate
* DFPCustomRenderedBannerViewDelegate
* DFPCustomRenderedInterstitialDelegate
* GADAdLoaderDelegate
* GADAdNetworkExtras
* GADAdSizeDelegate
* GADAppEventDelegate
* GADAudioVideoManagerDelegate
* GADBannerViewDelegate
* GADCustomEventBanner
* GADCustomEventBannerDelegate
* GADCustomEventInterstitial
* GADCustomEventInterstitialDelegate
* GADCustomEventNativeAd
* GADCustomEventNativeAdDelegate
* GADDebugOptionsViewControllerDelegate
* GADDefaultInAppPurchaseDelegate
* GADInAppPurchaseDelegate
* GADInterstitialDelegate
* GADMAdNetworkAdapter
* GADMAdNetworkConnector
* GADMRewardBasedVideoAdNetworkAdapter
* GADMRewardBasedVideoAdNetworkConnector
* GADMediatedNativeAd
* GADMediatedNativeAdDelegate
* GADMediatedNativeAppInstallAd
* GADMediatedNativeContentAd
* GADMediatedUnifiedNativeAd
* GADMediationAd
* GADMediationAdEventDelegate
* GADMediationAdRequest
* GADMediationAdapter
* GADMediationBannerAd
* GADMediationBannerAdEventDelegate
* GADMediationInterstitialAd
* GADMediationInterstitialAdEventDelegate
* GADMediationNativeAd
* GADMediationNativeAdEventDelegate
* GADMediationRewardedAd
* GADMediationRewardedAdEventDelegate
* GADNativeAdDelegate
* GADNativeAppInstallAdLoaderDelegate
* GADNativeContentAdLoaderDelegate
* GADNativeCustomTemplateAdLoaderDelegate
* GADNativeExpressAdViewDelegate
* GADRTBAdapter
* GADRewardBasedVideoAdDelegate
* GADRewardedAdDelegate
* GADRewardedAdMetadataDelegate
* GADUnifiedNativeAdDelegate
* GADUnifiedNativeAdLoaderDelegate
* GADUnifiedNativeAdUnconfirmedClickDelegate
* GADVideoControllerDelegate
* Type Definitions
* Overview
* GADAdLoaderAdType
* GADAdMetadataKey
* GADAdSize
* GADInitializationCompletionHandler
* GADMaxAdContentRating
* GADMediationAdapterSetUpCompletionBlock
* GADMediationBannerLoadCompletionHandler
* GADMediationInterstitialLoadCompletionHandler
* GADMediationNativeLoadCompletionHandler
* GADMediationRewardedLoadCompletionHandler
* GADNativeAdCustomClickHandler
* GADNativeAppInstallAssetID
* GADNativeContentAdAssetID
* GADRTBSignalCompletionHandler
* GADRewardedAdLoadCompletionHandler
* GADUnifiedNativeAssetIdentifier
* GADVersionNumber
* Functions
* Overview
* CGSizeFromGADAdSize(_:)
* GADAdSizeEqualToSize(_:_:)
* GADAdSizeFromCGSize(_:)
* GADAdSizeFromNSValue(_:)
* GADAdSizeFullWidthLandscapeWithHeight(_:)
* GADAdSizeFullWidthPortraitWithHeight(_:)
* GADAdSizeIsFluid(_:)
* GADClosestValidSizeForAdSizes(_:_:)
* IsGADAdSizeValid(_:)
* NSStringFromGADAdSize(_:)
* NSValueFromGADAdSize(_:)
* Structures
* Overview
* GADAdSize
* GADVersionNumber
* iOS — Objective-C
* Module Index
* FirebaseCore
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRApp
* FIRConfiguration
* FIROptions
* Enumerations
* Overview
* FIRLoggerLevel
* Type Definitions
* Overview
* FIRAppVoidBoolCallback
* Functions
* Overview
* FIRFirebaseVersion
* FirebaseABTesting
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRExperimentController
* FIRLifecycleEvents
* Constants
* Overview
* FIRActivateExperimentEventName
* FIRClearExperimentEventName
* FIRDefaultExperimentOverflowPolicy
* FIRExpireExperimentEventName
* FIRSetExperimentEventName
* FIRTimeoutExperimentEventName
* Enumerations
* Overview
* ABTExperimentPayloadExperimentOverflowPolicy
* FirebaseAnalytics
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRAnalytics
* Constants
* Overview
* FIRConsentStatusDenied
* FIRConsentStatusGranted
* FIRConsentTypeAdStorage
* FIRConsentTypeAnalyticsStorage
* kFIREventAdImpression
* kFIREventAddPaymentInfo
* kFIREventAddShippingInfo
* kFIREventAddToCart
* kFIREventAddToWishlist
* kFIREventAppOpen
* kFIREventBeginCheckout
* kFIREventCampaignDetails
* kFIREventEarnVirtualCurrency
* kFIREventGenerateLead
* kFIREventJoinGroup
* kFIREventLevelEnd
* kFIREventLevelStart
* kFIREventLevelUp
* kFIREventLogin
* kFIREventPostScore
* kFIREventPurchase
* kFIREventRefund
* kFIREventRemoveFromCart
* kFIREventScreenView
* kFIREventSearch
* kFIREventSelectContent
* kFIREventSelectItem
* kFIREventSelectPromotion
* kFIREventShare
* kFIREventSignUp
* kFIREventSpendVirtualCurrency
* kFIREventTutorialBegin
* kFIREventTutorialComplete
* kFIREventUnlockAchievement
* kFIREventViewCart
* kFIREventViewItem
* kFIREventViewItemList
* kFIREventViewPromotion
* kFIREventViewSearchResults
* kFIRParameterAchievementID
* kFIRParameterAdFormat
* kFIRParameterAdNetworkClickID
* kFIRParameterAdPlatform
* kFIRParameterAdSource
* kFIRParameterAdUnitName
* kFIRParameterAffiliation
* kFIRParameterCP1
* kFIRParameterCampaign
* kFIRParameterCampaignID
* kFIRParameterCharacter
* kFIRParameterContent
* kFIRParameterContentType
* kFIRParameterCoupon
* kFIRParameterCreativeFormat
* kFIRParameterCreativeName
* kFIRParameterCreativeSlot
* kFIRParameterCurrency
* kFIRParameterDestination
* kFIRParameterDiscount
* kFIRParameterEndDate
* kFIRParameterExtendSession
* kFIRParameterFlightNumber
* kFIRParameterGroupID
* kFIRParameterIndex
* kFIRParameterItemBrand
* kFIRParameterItemCategory
* kFIRParameterItemCategory2
* kFIRParameterItemCategory3
* kFIRParameterItemCategory4
* kFIRParameterItemCategory5
* kFIRParameterItemID
* kFIRParameterItemListID
* kFIRParameterItemListName
* kFIRParameterItemName
* kFIRParameterItemVariant
* kFIRParameterItems
* kFIRParameterLevel
* kFIRParameterLevelName
* kFIRParameterLocation
* kFIRParameterLocationID
* kFIRParameterMarketingTactic
* kFIRParameterMedium
* kFIRParameterMethod
* kFIRParameterNumberOfNights
* kFIRParameterNumberOfPassengers
* kFIRParameterNumberOfRooms
* kFIRParameterOrigin
* kFIRParameterPaymentType
* kFIRParameterPrice
* kFIRParameterPromotionID
* kFIRParameterPromotionName
* kFIRParameterQuantity
* kFIRParameterScore
* kFIRParameterScreenClass
* kFIRParameterScreenName
* kFIRParameterSearchTerm
* kFIRParameterShipping
* kFIRParameterShippingTier
* kFIRParameterSource
* kFIRParameterSourcePlatform
* kFIRParameterStartDate
* kFIRParameterSuccess
* kFIRParameterTax
* kFIRParameterTerm
* kFIRParameterTransactionID
* kFIRParameterTravelClass
* kFIRParameterValue
* kFIRParameterVirtualCurrencyName
* kFIRUserPropertyAllowAdPersonalizationSignals
* kFIRUserPropertySignUpMethod
* Type Definitions
* Overview
* FIRConsentStatus
* FIRConsentType
* FirebaseAppCheck
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRAppAttestProvider
* FIRAppCheck
* FIRAppCheckDebugProvider
* FIRAppCheckDebugProviderFactory
* FIRAppCheckToken
* FIRDeviceCheckProvider
* FIRDeviceCheckProviderFactory
* Constants
* Overview
* FIRAppCheckAppCheckTokenDidChangeNotification
* FIRAppCheckErrorDomain
* kFIRAppCheckAppNameNotificationKey
* kFIRAppCheckTokenNotificationKey
* Enumerations
* Overview
* FIRAppCheckErrorCode
* Protocols
* Overview
* FIRAppCheckProvider
* FIRAppCheckProviderFactory
* FirebaseAppDistribution
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRAppDistribution
* FIRAppDistributionRelease
* Constants
* Overview
* FIRAppDistributionErrorDetailsKey
* FIRAppDistributionErrorDomain
* Enumerations
* Overview
* FIRAppDistributionError
* FirebaseAuth
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRActionCodeInfo
* FIRActionCodeSettings
* FIRActionCodeURL
* FIRAdditionalUserInfo
* FIRAuth
* FIRAuthCredential
* FIRAuthDataResult
* FIRAuthErrors
* FIRAuthSettings
* FIRAuthTokenResult
* FIREmailAuthProvider
* FIRFacebookAuthProvider
* FIRGameCenterAuthProvider
* FIRGitHubAuthProvider
* FIRGoogleAuthProvider
* FIRMultiFactor
* FIRMultiFactorAssertion
* FIRMultiFactorInfo
* FIRMultiFactorResolver
* FIRMultiFactorSession
* FIROAuthCredential
* FIROAuthProvider
* FIRPhoneAuthCredential
* FIRPhoneAuthProvider
* FIRPhoneMultiFactorAssertion
* FIRPhoneMultiFactorGenerator
* FIRPhoneMultiFactorInfo
* FIRTwitterAuthProvider
* FIRUser
* FIRUserMetadata
* FIRUserProfileChangeRequest
* Constants
* Overview
* FIRAuthErrorDomain
* FIRAuthErrorUserInfoEmailKey
* FIRAuthErrorUserInfoMultiFactorResolverKey
* FIRAuthErrorUserInfoNameKey
* FIRAuthErrorUserInfoUpdatedCredentialKey
* FIRAuthStateDidChangeNotification
* FIREmailAuthProviderID
* FIREmailLinkAuthSignInMethod
* FIREmailPasswordAuthSignInMethod
* FIRFacebookAuthProviderID
* FIRFacebookAuthSignInMethod
* FIRGameCenterAuthProviderID
* FIRGameCenterAuthSignInMethod
* FIRGitHubAuthProviderID
* FIRGitHubAuthSignInMethod
* FIRGoogleAuthProviderID
* FIRGoogleAuthSignInMethod
* FIRPhoneAuthProviderID
* FIRPhoneAuthSignInMethod
* FIRPhoneMultiFactorID
* FIRTwitterAuthProviderID
* FIRTwitterAuthSignInMethod
* Enumerations
* Overview
* FIRActionCodeOperation
* FIRAuthAPNSTokenType
* FIRAuthErrorCode
* Protocols
* Overview
* FIRAuthUIDelegate
* FIRFederatedAuthProvider
* FIRUserInfo
* Type Definitions
* Overview
* FIRApplyActionCodeCallback
* FIRAuthCredentialCallback
* FIRAuthDataResultCallback
* FIRAuthResultCallback
* FIRAuthStateDidChangeListenerBlock
* FIRAuthStateDidChangeListenerHandle
* FIRAuthTokenCallback
* FIRAuthTokenResultCallback
* FIRAuthVoidErrorCallback
* FIRCheckActionCodeCallBack
* FIRConfirmPasswordResetCallback
* FIRGameCenterCredentialCallback
* FIRIDTokenDidChangeListenerBlock
* FIRIDTokenDidChangeListenerHandle
* FIRMultiFactorSessionCallback
* FIRProviderQueryCallback
* FIRSendEmailVerificationCallback
* FIRSendPasswordResetCallback
* FIRSendSignInLinkToEmailCallback
* FIRSignInMethodQueryCallback
* FIRUserProfileChangeCallback
* FIRUserUpdateCallback
* FIRVerificationResultCallback
* FIRVerifyPasswordResetCodeCallback
* FirebaseCrashlytics
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRCrashlytics
* FIRCrashlyticsReport
* FIRExceptionModel
* FIRStackFrame
* FirebaseDatabase
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRDataSnapshot
* FIRDatabase
* FIRDatabaseQuery
* FIRDatabaseReference
* FIRMutableData
* FIRServerValue
* FIRTransactionResult
* Enumerations
* Overview
* FIRDataEventType
* Type Definitions
* Overview
* FIRDatabaseHandle
* FirebaseDynamicLinks
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRDynamicLink
* FIRDynamicLinkAndroidParameters
* FIRDynamicLinkComponents
* FIRDynamicLinkComponentsOptions
* FIRDynamicLinkGoogleAnalyticsParameters
* FIRDynamicLinkIOSParameters
* FIRDynamicLinkItunesConnectAnalyticsParameters
* FIRDynamicLinkNavigationInfoParameters
* FIRDynamicLinkOtherPlatformParameters
* FIRDynamicLinkSocialMetaTagParameters
* FIRDynamicLinks
* Enumerations
* Overview
* FIRDLMatchType
* FIRShortDynamicLinkPathLength
* Type Definitions
* Overview
* FIRDynamicLinkResolverHandler
* FIRDynamicLinkShortenerCompletion
* FIRDynamicLinkUniversalLinkHandler
* FirebaseFirestore
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRAggregateQuery
* FIRAggregateQuerySnapshot
* FIRCollectionReference
* FIRDocumentChange
* FIRDocumentReference
* FIRDocumentSnapshot
* FIRFieldPath
* FIRFieldValue
* FIRFirestore
* FIRFirestoreSettings
* FIRGeoPoint
* FIRLoadBundleTask
* FIRLoadBundleTaskProgress
* FIRQuery
* FIRQueryDocumentSnapshot
* FIRQuerySnapshot
* FIRSnapshotMetadata
* FIRTimestamp
* FIRTransaction
* FIRTransactionOptions
* FIRWriteBatch
* Constants
* Overview
* FIRFirestoreErrorDomain
* kFIRFirestoreCacheSizeUnlimited
* Enumerations
* Overview
* FIRAggregateSource
* FIRDocumentChangeType
* FIRFirestoreErrorCode
* FIRFirestoreSource
* FIRLoadBundleTaskState
* FIRServerTimestampBehavior
* Protocols
* Overview
* FIRListenerRegistration
* Type Definitions
* Overview
* FIRDocumentSnapshotBlock
* FIRLoadBundleObserverHandle
* FIRQuerySnapshotBlock
* FirebaseFunctions
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRFunctions
* FIRHTTPSCallable
* FIRHTTPSCallableResult
* Constants
* Overview
* FIRFunctionsErrorDetailsKey
* FIRFunctionsErrorDomain
* Enumerations
* Overview
* FIRFunctionsErrorCode
* FirebaseInAppMessaging
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRInAppMessaging
* FIRInAppMessagingAction
* FIRInAppMessagingActionButton
* FIRInAppMessagingBannerDisplay
* FIRInAppMessagingCampaignInfo
* FIRInAppMessagingCardDisplay
* FIRInAppMessagingDisplayMessage
* FIRInAppMessagingImageData
* FIRInAppMessagingImageOnlyDisplay
* FIRInAppMessagingModalDisplay
* Enumerations
* Overview
* FIAMDisplayRenderErrorType
* FIRInAppMessagingDismissType
* FIRInAppMessagingDisplayMessageType
* FIRInAppMessagingDisplayTriggerType
* Protocols
* Overview
* FIRInAppMessagingDisplay
* FIRInAppMessagingDisplayDelegate
* FirebaseInAppMessagingDisplay
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRIAMDefaultDisplayImpl
* FIRInAppMessagingAction
* FIRInAppMessagingActionButton
* FIRInAppMessagingBannerDisplay
* FIRInAppMessagingCampaignInfo
* FIRInAppMessagingCardDisplay
* FIRInAppMessagingDisplayMessage
* FIRInAppMessagingImageData
* FIRInAppMessagingImageOnlyDisplay
* FIRInAppMessagingModalDisplay
* Enumerations
* Overview
* FIAMDisplayRenderErrorType
* FIRInAppMessagingDismissType
* FIRInAppMessagingDisplayMessageType
* FIRInAppMessagingDisplayTriggerType
* Protocols
* Overview
* FIRInAppMessagingDisplay
* FIRInAppMessagingDisplayDelegate
* FirebaseInstallations
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRInstallations
* FIRInstallationsAuthTokenResult
* Constants
* Overview
* FIRInstallationIDDidChangeNotification
* kFIRInstallationIDDidChangeNotificationAppNameKey
* kFirebaseInstallationsErrorDomain
* Enumerations
* Overview
* FIRInstallationsErrorCode
* Type Definitions
* Overview
* FIRInstallationsIDHandler
* FIRInstallationsTokenHandler
* FirebaseInstanceID
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRInstanceID
* FIRInstanceIDResult
* Constants
* Overview
* kFIRInstanceIDScopeFirebaseMessaging
* kFIRInstanceIDTokenRefreshNotification
* Enumerations
* Overview
* FIRInstanceIDError
* Type Definitions
* Overview
* FIRInstanceIDDeleteHandler
* FIRInstanceIDDeleteTokenHandler
* FIRInstanceIDHandler
* FIRInstanceIDResultHandler
* FIRInstanceIDTokenHandler
* FirebaseMessaging
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRMessaging
* FIRMessagingExtensionHelper
* FIRMessagingMessageInfo
* Constants
* Overview
* FIRMessagingErrorDomain
* FIRMessagingRegistrationTokenRefreshedNotification
* Enumerations
* Overview
* FIRMessagingAPNSTokenType
* FIRMessagingError
* FIRMessagingMessageStatus
* Protocols
* Overview
* FIRMessagingDelegate
* Type Definitions
* Overview
* FIRMessagingDeleteFCMTokenCompletion
* FIRMessagingFCMTokenFetchCompletion
* FIRMessagingTopicOperationCompletion
* FirebaseMLCommon
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRLocalModel
* FIRModelDownloadConditions
* FIRModelManager
* FIRRemoteModel
* Constants
* Overview
* FIRModelDownloadDidFailNotification
* FIRModelDownloadDidSucceedNotification
* FIRModelDownloadUserInfoKeyError
* FIRModelDownloadUserInfoKeyRemoteModel
* Type Definitions
* Overview
* FIRModelDownloadUserInfoKey
* FirebaseMLModelInterpreter
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRCustomLocalModel
* FIRCustomRemoteModel
* FIRModelInputOutputOptions
* FIRModelInputs
* FIRModelInterpreter
* FIRModelOutputs
* Enumerations
* Overview
* FIRModelElementType
* Type Definitions
* Overview
* FIRModelInterpreterInputOutputOpIndexCallback
* FIRModelInterpreterRunCallback
* FirebaseMLVision
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRVision
* FIRVisionBarcode
* FIRVisionBarcodeAddress
* FIRVisionBarcodeCalendarEvent
* FIRVisionBarcodeContactInfo
* FIRVisionBarcodeDetector
* FIRVisionBarcodeDetectorOptions
* FIRVisionBarcodeDriverLicense
* FIRVisionBarcodeEmail
* FIRVisionBarcodeGeoPoint
* FIRVisionBarcodePersonName
* FIRVisionBarcodePhone
* FIRVisionBarcodeSMS
* FIRVisionBarcodeURLBookmark
* FIRVisionBarcodeWiFi
* FIRVisionCloudDetectorOptions
* FIRVisionCloudDocumentTextRecognizerOptions
* FIRVisionCloudImageLabelerOptions
* FIRVisionCloudLandmark
* FIRVisionCloudLandmarkDetector
* FIRVisionCloudTextRecognizerOptions
* FIRVisionDocumentText
* FIRVisionDocumentTextBlock
* FIRVisionDocumentTextParagraph
* FIRVisionDocumentTextRecognizer
* FIRVisionDocumentTextSymbol
* FIRVisionDocumentTextWord
* FIRVisionFace
* FIRVisionFaceContour
* FIRVisionFaceDetector
* FIRVisionFaceDetectorOptions
* FIRVisionFaceLandmark
* FIRVisionImage
* FIRVisionImageLabel
* FIRVisionImageLabeler
* FIRVisionImageMetadata
* FIRVisionLatitudeLongitude
* FIRVisionOnDeviceImageLabelerOptions
* FIRVisionPoint
* FIRVisionText
* FIRVisionTextBlock
* FIRVisionTextElement
* FIRVisionTextLine
* FIRVisionTextRecognizedBreak
* FIRVisionTextRecognizedLanguage
* FIRVisionTextRecognizer
* Constants
* Overview
* FIRFaceContourTypeAll
* FIRFaceContourTypeFace
* FIRFaceContourTypeLeftEye
* FIRFaceContourTypeLeftEyebrowBottom
* FIRFaceContourTypeLeftEyebrowTop
* FIRFaceContourTypeLowerLipBottom
* FIRFaceContourTypeLowerLipTop
* FIRFaceContourTypeNoseBottom
* FIRFaceContourTypeNoseBridge
* FIRFaceContourTypeRightEye
* FIRFaceContourTypeRightEyebrowBottom
* FIRFaceContourTypeRightEyebrowTop
* FIRFaceContourTypeUpperLipBottom
* FIRFaceContourTypeUpperLipTop
* FIRFaceLandmarkTypeLeftCheek
* FIRFaceLandmarkTypeLeftEar
* FIRFaceLandmarkTypeLeftEye
* FIRFaceLandmarkTypeMouthBottom
* FIRFaceLandmarkTypeMouthLeft
* FIRFaceLandmarkTypeMouthRight
* FIRFaceLandmarkTypeNoseBase
* FIRFaceLandmarkTypeRightCheek
* FIRFaceLandmarkTypeRightEar
* FIRFaceLandmarkTypeRightEye
* Enumerations
* Overview
* FIRVisionBarcodeAddressType
* FIRVisionBarcodeEmailType
* FIRVisionBarcodeFormat
* FIRVisionBarcodePhoneType
* FIRVisionBarcodeValueType
* FIRVisionBarcodeWiFiEncryptionType
* FIRVisionCloudModelType
* FIRVisionCloudTextModelType
* FIRVisionDetectorImageOrientation
* FIRVisionDocumentTextBlockType
* FIRVisionFaceDetectorClassificationMode
* FIRVisionFaceDetectorContourMode
* FIRVisionFaceDetectorLandmarkMode
* FIRVisionFaceDetectorPerformanceMode
* FIRVisionImageLabelerType
* FIRVisionTextRecognizedBreakType
* FIRVisionTextRecognizerType
* Type Definitions
* Overview
* FIRFaceContourType
* FIRFaceLandmarkType
* FIRVisionBarcodeDetectionCallback
* FIRVisionCloudLandmarkDetectionCompletion
* FIRVisionDocumentTextRecognitionCallback
* FIRVisionFaceDetectionCallback
* FIRVisionImageLabelerCallback
* FIRVisionTextRecognitionCallback
* FirebasePerformance
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRHTTPMetric
* FIRPerformance
* FIRTrace
* Enumerations
* Overview
* FIRHTTPMethod
* Protocols
* Overview
* FIRPerformanceAttributable
* FirebaseRemoteConfig
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRRemoteConfig
* FIRRemoteConfigSettings
* FIRRemoteConfigValue
* Constants
* Overview
* FIRNamespaceGoogleMobilePlatform
* FIRRemoteConfigErrorDomain
* FIRRemoteConfigThrottledEndTimeInSecondsKey
* Enumerations
* Overview
* FIRRemoteConfigError
* FIRRemoteConfigFetchAndActivateStatus
* FIRRemoteConfigFetchStatus
* FIRRemoteConfigSource
* Type Definitions
* Overview
* FIRRemoteConfigActivateCompletion
* FIRRemoteConfigFetchAndActivateCompletion
* FIRRemoteConfigFetchCompletion
* FIRRemoteConfigInitializationCompletion
* FirebaseStorage
* Classes
* Overview
* FIRStorage
* FIRStorageDownloadTask
* FIRStorageListResult
* FIRStorageMetadata
* FIRStorageObservableTask
* FIRStorageReference
* FIRStorageTask
* FIRStorageTaskSnapshot
* FIRStorageUploadTask
* Constants
* Overview
* FIRStorageErrorCodeDomain
* Enumerations
* Overview
* FIRStorageErrorCode
* FIRStorageTaskStatus
* Protocols
* Overview
* FIRStorageTaskManagement
* Type Definitions
* Overview
* FIRStorageHandle
* FIRStorageVoidDataError
* FIRStorageVoidError
* FIRStorageVoidMetadata
* FIRStorageVoidMetadataError
* FIRStorageVoidSnapshot
* FIRStorageVoidURLError
* GoogleMobileAds
* Classes
* Overview
* DFPBannerView
* DFPBannerViewOptions
* DFPCustomRenderedAd
* DFPInterstitial
* DFPRequest
* GADAdChoicesView
* GADAdLoader
* GADAdLoaderOptions
* GADAdReward
* GADAdapterStatus
* GADAudioVideoManager
* GADBannerView
* GADCorrelator
* GADCorrelatorAdLoaderOptions
* GADCustomEventExtras
* GADCustomEventRequest
* GADDebugOptionsViewController
* GADDefaultInAppPurchase
* GADDynamicHeightSearchRequest
* GADExtras
* GADInAppPurchase
* GADInitializationStatus
* GADInterstitial
* GADMediaContent
* GADMediaView
* GADMediatedNativeAdNotificationSource
* GADMediatedUnifiedNativeAdNotificationSource
* GADMediationAdConfiguration
* GADMediationBannerAdConfiguration
* GADMediationCredentials
* GADMediationInterstitialAdConfiguration
* GADMediationNativeAdConfiguration
* GADMediationRewardedAdConfiguration
* GADMediationServerConfiguration
* GADMobileAds
* GADMultipleAdsAdLoaderOptions
* GADMuteThisAdReason
* GADNativeAd
* GADNativeAdImage
* GADNativeAdImageAdLoaderOptions
* GADNativeAdViewAdOptions
* GADNativeAppInstallAd
* GADNativeAppInstallAdView
* GADNativeContentAd
* GADNativeContentAdView
* GADNativeCustomTemplateAd
* GADNativeExpressAdView
* GADNativeMuteThisAdLoaderOptions
* GADRTBRequestParameters
* GADRequest
* GADRequestConfiguration
* GADRequestError
* GADRewardBasedVideoAd
* GADRewardedAd
* GADSearchBannerView
* GADSearchRequest
* GADServerSideVerificationOptions
* GADUnifiedNativeAd
* GADUnifiedNativeAdView
* GADVideoController
* GADVideoOptions
* Constants
* Overview
* GADCustomEventParametersServer
* GADMaxAdContentRatingGeneral
* GADMaxAdContentRatingMatureAudience
* GADMaxAdContentRatingParentalGuidance
* GADMaxAdContentRatingTeen
* GADNativeAppInstallAdChoicesViewAsset
* GADNativeAppInstallAttributionIconAsset
* GADNativeAppInstallAttributionTextAsset
* GADNativeAppInstallBackgroundAsset
* GADNativeAppInstallBodyAsset
* GADNativeAppInstallCallToActionAsset
* GADNativeAppInstallHeadlineAsset
* GADNativeAppInstallIconAsset
* GADNativeAppInstallImageAsset
* GADNativeAppInstallMediaViewAsset
* GADNativeAppInstallPriceAsset
* GADNativeAppInstallStarRatingAsset
* GADNativeAppInstallStoreAsset
* GADNativeContentAdChoicesViewAsset
* GADNativeContentAdvertiserAsset
* GADNativeContentAttributionIconAsset
* GADNativeContentAttributionTextAsset
* GADNativeContentBackgroundAsset
* GADNativeContentBodyAsset
* GADNativeContentCallToActionAsset
* GADNativeContentHeadlineAsset
* GADNativeContentImageAsset
* GADNativeContentLogoAsset
* GADNativeContentMediaViewAsset
* GADNativeCustomTemplateAdMediaViewKey
* GADUnifiedNativeAdChoicesViewAsset
* GADUnifiedNativeAdvertiserAsset
* GADUnifiedNativeBodyAsset
* GADUnifiedNativeCallToActionAsset
* GADUnifiedNativeHeadlineAsset
* GADUnifiedNativeIconAsset
* GADUnifiedNativeImageAsset
* GADUnifiedNativeMediaViewAsset
* GADUnifiedNativePriceAsset
* GADUnifiedNativeStarRatingAsset
* GADUnifiedNativeStoreAsset
* GoogleMobileAdsVersionString
* kDFPSimulatorID
* kGADAdLoaderAdTypeDFPBanner
* kGADAdLoaderAdTypeNativeAppInstall
* kGADAdLoaderAdTypeNativeContent
* kGADAdLoaderAdTypeNativeCustomTemplate
* kGADAdLoaderAdTypeUnifiedNative
* kGADAdSizeBanner
* kGADAdSizeFluid
* kGADAdSizeFullBanner
* kGADAdSizeInvalid
* kGADAdSizeLargeBanner
* kGADAdSizeLeaderboard
* kGADAdSizeMediumRectangle
* kGADAdSizeSkyscraper
* kGADAdSizeSmartBannerLandscape
* kGADAdSizeSmartBannerPortrait
* kGADErrorDomain
* kGADSimulatorID
* Enumerations
* Overview
* GADAdChoicesPosition
* GADAdFormat
* GADAdapterInitializationState
* GADErrorCode
* GADGender
* GADInAppPurchaseStatus
* GADMBannerAnimationType
* GADNativeAdImageAdLoaderOptionsOrientation
* GADSearchBorderType
* GADSearchCallButtonColor
* Protocols
* Overview
* DFPBannerAdLoaderDelegate
* DFPCustomRenderedBannerViewDelegate
* DFPCustomRenderedInterstitialDelegate
* GADAdLoaderDelegate
* GADAdNetworkExtras
* GADAdSizeDelegate
* GADAppEventDelegate
* GADAudioVideoManagerDelegate
* GADBannerViewDelegate
* GADCustomEventBanner
* GADCustomEventBannerDelegate
* GADCustomEventInterstitial
* GADCustomEventInterstitialDelegate
* GADCustomEventNativeAd
* GADCustomEventNativeAdDelegate
* GADDebugOptionsViewControllerDelegate
* GADDefaultInAppPurchaseDelegate
* GADInAppPurchaseDelegate
* GADInterstitialDelegate
* GADMAdNetworkAdapter
* GADMAdNetworkConnector
* GADMRewardBasedVideoAdNetworkAdapter
* GADMRewardBasedVideoAdNetworkConnector
* GADMediatedNativeAd
* GADMediatedNativeAdDelegate
* GADMediatedNativeAppInstallAd
* GADMediatedNativeContentAd
* GADMediatedUnifiedNativeAd
* GADMediationAd
* GADMediationAdEventDelegate
* GADMediationAdRequest
* GADMediationAdapter
* GADMediationBannerAd
* GADMediationBannerAdEventDelegate
* GADMediationInterstitialAd
* GADMediationInterstitialAdEventDelegate
* GADMediationNativeAd
* GADMediationNativeAdEventDelegate
* GADMediationRewardedAd
* GADMediationRewardedAdEventDelegate
* GADNativeAdDelegate
* GADNativeAppInstallAdLoaderDelegate
* GADNativeContentAdLoaderDelegate
* GADNativeCustomTemplateAdLoaderDelegate
* GADNativeExpressAdViewDelegate
* GADRTBAdapter
* GADRewardBasedVideoAdDelegate
* GADRewardedAdDelegate
* GADRewardedAdMetadataDelegate
* GADUnifiedNativeAdDelegate
* GADUnifiedNativeAdLoaderDelegate
* GADUnifiedNativeAdUnconfirmedClickDelegate
* GADVideoControllerDelegate
* Type Definitions
* Overview
* GADAdLoaderAdType
* GADAdMetadataKey
* GADAdSize
* GADInitializationCompletionHandler
* GADMaxAdContentRating
* GADMediationAdapterSetUpCompletionBlock
* GADMediationBannerLoadCompletionHandler
* GADMediationInterstitialLoadCompletionHandler
* GADMediationNativeLoadCompletionHandler
* GADMediationRewardedLoadCompletionHandler
* GADNativeAdCustomClickHandler
* GADNativeAppInstallAssetID
* GADNativeContentAdAssetID
* GADRTBSignalCompletionHandler
* GADRewardedAdLoadCompletionHandler
* GADUnifiedNativeAssetIdentifier
* GADVersionNumber
* Functions
* Overview
* CGSizeFromGADAdSize
* GADAdSizeEqualToSize
* GADAdSizeFromCGSize
* GADAdSizeFromNSValue
* GADAdSizeFullWidthLandscapeWithHeight
* GADAdSizeFullWidthPortraitWithHeight
* GADAdSizeIsFluid
* GADClosestValidSizeForAdSizes
* IsGADAdSizeValid
* NSStringFromGADAdSize
* NSValueFromGADAdSize
* Structures
* Overview
* GADAdSize
* Android — Kotlin
* Package Summary
* firebase
* com.google.firebase
* Overview
* Classes
* FirebaseApp
* FirebaseOptions
* FirebaseOptions.Builder
* Timestamp
* Exceptions
* FirebaseNetworkException
* FirebaseTooManyRequestsException
* com.google.firebase.provider
* Overview
* Classes
* FirebaseInitProvider
* com.google.firebase.ktx
* Overview
* Objects
* Firebase
* firebase.analytics
* com.google.firebase.analytics
* Overview
* Classes
* FirebaseAnalytics
* FirebaseAnalytics.Event
* FirebaseAnalytics.Param
* FirebaseAnalytics.UserProperty
* Enums
* FirebaseAnalytics.ConsentStatus
* FirebaseAnalytics.ConsentType
* com.google.firebase.analytics.ktx
* Overview
* Classes
* ParametersBuilder
* firebase.appcheck
* com.google.firebase.appcheck
* Overview
* Interfaces
* AppCheckProvider
* AppCheckProviderFactory
* FirebaseAppCheck.AppCheckListener
* Classes
* AppCheckToken
* FirebaseAppCheck
* com.google.firebase.appcheck.debug
* Overview
* Classes
* DebugAppCheckProviderFactory
* com.google.firebase.appcheck.debug.testing
* Overview
* Interfaces
* DebugAppCheckTestHelper.MaybeThrowingRunnable
* Classes
* DebugAppCheckTestHelper
* com.google.firebase.appcheck.playintegrity
* Overview
* Classes
* PlayIntegrityAppCheckProviderFactory
* com.google.firebase.appcheck.safetynet
* Overview
* Classes
* SafetyNetAppCheckProviderFactory
* com.google.firebase.appcheck.ktx
* firebase.appdistribution
* com.google.firebase.appdistribution
* Overview
* Interfaces
* AppDistributionRelease
* FirebaseAppDistribution
* OnProgressListener
* UpdateProgress
* Classes
* UpdateTask
* Enums
* BinaryType
* FirebaseAppDistributionException.Status
* UpdateStatus
* Exceptions
* FirebaseAppDistributionException
* com.google.firebase.appdistribution.ktx
* firebase.auth
* com.google.firebase.auth
* Overview
* Classes
* ActionCodeEmailInfo
* ActionCodeInfo
* ActionCodeMultiFactorInfo
* ActionCodeSettings
* ActionCodeSettings.Builder
* ActionCodeUrl
* AuthCredential
* EmailAuthCredential
* EmailAuthProvider
* FacebookAuthCredential
* FacebookAuthProvider
* FederatedAuthProvider
* FirebaseAuth
* FirebaseAuthSettings
* FirebaseUser
* GithubAuthCredential
* GithubAuthProvider
* GoogleAuthCredential
* GoogleAuthProvider
* MultiFactor
* MultiFactorAssertion
* MultiFactorInfo
* MultiFactorResolver
* MultiFactorSession
* OAuthCredential
* OAuthProvider
* OAuthProvider.Builder
* OAuthProvider.CredentialBuilder
* PhoneAuthCredential
* PhoneAuthOptions
* PhoneAuthOptions.Builder
* PhoneAuthProvider
* PhoneAuthProvider.ForceResendingToken
* PhoneAuthProvider.OnVerificationStateChangedCallbacks
* PhoneMultiFactorAssertion
* PhoneMultiFactorGenerator
* PhoneMultiFactorInfo
* PlayGamesAuthCredential
* PlayGamesAuthProvider
* TwitterAuthCredential
* TwitterAuthProvider
* UserProfileChangeRequest
* UserProfileChangeRequest.Builder
* Interfaces
* ActionCodeResult
* AdditionalUserInfo
* AuthResult
* FirebaseAuth.AuthStateListener
* FirebaseAuth.IdTokenListener
* FirebaseAuthProvider
* FirebaseUserMetadata
* SignInMethodQueryResult
* UserInfo
* Annotations
* ActionCodeResult.ActionDataKey
* ActionCodeResult.Operation
* Exceptions
* FirebaseAuthActionCodeException
* FirebaseAuthEmailException
* FirebaseAuthInvalidCredentialsException
* FirebaseAuthInvalidUserException
* FirebaseAuthMultiFactorException
* FirebaseAuthRecentLoginRequiredException
* FirebaseAuthUserCollisionException
* FirebaseAuthWeakPasswordException
* FirebaseAuthWebException
* com.google.firebase.auth.ktx
* firebase.crashlytics
* com.google.firebase.crashlytics
* Overview
* Classes
* CustomKeysAndValues
* CustomKeysAndValues.Builder
* FirebaseCrashlytics
* com.google.firebase.crashlytics.ktx
* Overview
* Classes
* KeyValueBuilder
* firebase.database
* com.google.firebase.database
* Overview
* Interfaces
* ChildEventListener
* DatabaseReference.CompletionListener
* Logger
* Transaction.Handler
* ValueEventListener
* Classes
* DataSnapshot
* DatabaseError
* DatabaseReference
* FirebaseDatabase
* GenericTypeIndicator
* MutableData
* OnDisconnect
* Query
* ServerValue
* Transaction
* Transaction.Result
* Enums
* Logger.Level
* Exceptions
* DatabaseException
* Annotations
* Exclude
* IgnoreExtraProperties
* PropertyName
* ThrowOnExtraProperties
* com.google.firebase.database.ktx
* Overview
* Classes
* ChildEvent
* ChildEvent.Added
* ChildEvent.Changed
* ChildEvent.Moved
* ChildEvent.Removed
* firebase.dynamiclinks
* com.google.firebase.dynamiclinks
* Overview
* Interfaces
* ShortDynamicLink
* ShortDynamicLink.Warning
* Classes
* DynamicLink
* DynamicLink.AndroidParameters
* DynamicLink.AndroidParameters.Builder
* DynamicLink.Builder
* DynamicLink.GoogleAnalyticsParameters
* DynamicLink.GoogleAnalyticsParameters.Builder
* DynamicLink.IosParameters
* DynamicLink.IosParameters.Builder
* DynamicLink.ItunesConnectAnalyticsParameters
* DynamicLink.ItunesConnectAnalyticsParameters.Builder
* DynamicLink.NavigationInfoParameters
* DynamicLink.NavigationInfoParameters.Builder
* DynamicLink.SocialMetaTagParameters
* DynamicLink.SocialMetaTagParameters.Builder
* FirebaseDynamicLinks
* PendingDynamicLinkData
* Annotations
* ShortDynamicLink.Suffix
* com.google.firebase.dynamiclinks.ktx
* firebase.firestore
* com.google.firebase.firestore
* Overview
* Interfaces
* EventListener
* ListenerRegistration
* OnProgressListener
* Transaction.Function
* WriteBatch.Function
* Classes
* AggregateQuery
* AggregateQuerySnapshot
* Blob
* CollectionReference
* DocumentChange
* DocumentReference
* DocumentSnapshot
* FieldPath
* FieldValue
* FirebaseFirestore
* FirebaseFirestoreSettings
* FirebaseFirestoreSettings.Builder
* GeoPoint
* LoadBundleTask
* LoadBundleTaskProgress
* Query
* QueryDocumentSnapshot
* QuerySnapshot
* SetOptions
* SnapshotMetadata
* Transaction
* TransactionOptions
* TransactionOptions.Builder
* WriteBatch
* Enums
* AggregateSource
* DocumentChange.Type
* DocumentSnapshot.ServerTimestampBehavior
* FirebaseFirestoreException.Code
* LoadBundleTaskProgress.TaskState
* MetadataChanges
* Query.Direction
* Source
* Exceptions
* FirebaseFirestoreException
* Annotations
* DocumentId
* Exclude
* IgnoreExtraProperties
* PropertyName
* ServerTimestamp
* ThrowOnExtraProperties
* com.google.firebase.firestore.ktx
* firebase.functions
* com.google.firebase.functions
* Overview
* Classes
* FirebaseFunctions
* HttpsCallableReference
* HttpsCallableResult
* Enums
* FirebaseFunctionsException.Code
* Exceptions
* FirebaseFunctionsException
* com.google.firebase.functions.ktx
* firebase.inappmessaging
* com.google.firebase.inappmessaging
* Overview
* Interfaces
* FirebaseInAppMessagingClickListener
* FirebaseInAppMessagingDismissListener
* FirebaseInAppMessagingDisplay
* FirebaseInAppMessagingDisplayCallbacks
* FirebaseInAppMessagingDisplayErrorListener
* FirebaseInAppMessagingImpressionListener
* Classes
* FirebaseInAppMessaging
* FirebaseInAppMessagingContextualTrigger
* Enums
* FirebaseInAppMessagingDisplayCallbacks.InAppMessagingDismissType
* FirebaseInAppMessagingDisplayCallbacks.InAppMessagingErrorReason
* com.google.firebase.inappmessaging.model
* Overview
* Classes
* Action
* BannerMessage
* Button
* CampaignMetadata
* CardMessage
* ImageData
* ImageOnlyMessage
* InAppMessage
* ModalMessage
* Text
* Enums
* MessageType
* com.google.firebase.inappmessaging.ktx
* firebase.inappmessaging.display
* com.google.firebase.inappmessaging.display
* Overview
* Classes
* FirebaseInAppMessagingDisplay
* com.google.firebase.inappmessaging.display.ktx
* firebase.installations
* com.google.firebase.installations
* Overview
* Classes
* FirebaseInstallations
* com.google.firebase.installations.ktx
* firebase.messaging
* com.google.firebase.messaging
* Overview
* Classes
* FirebaseMessaging
* FirebaseMessagingService
* RemoteMessage
* RemoteMessage.Builder
* RemoteMessage.Notification
* Exceptions
* SendException
* Annotations
* RemoteMessage.MessagePriority
* com.google.firebase.messaging.ktx
* firebase.ml.modeldownloader
* com.google.firebase.ml.modeldownloader
* Overview
* Classes
* CustomModel
* CustomModelDownloadConditions
* CustomModelDownloadConditions.Builder
* FirebaseModelDownloader
* Enums
* DownloadType
* Exceptions
* FirebaseMlException
* Annotations
* FirebaseMlException.Code
* com.google.firebase.ml.modeldownloader.ktx
* firebase.perf
* com.google.firebase.perf
* Overview
* Classes
* FirebasePerformance
* Annotations
* FirebasePerformance.HttpMethod
* com.google.firebase.perf.metrics
* Overview
* Classes
* HttpMetric
* Trace
* Annotations
* AddTrace
* com.google.firebase.perf.ktx
* firebase.remoteconfig
* com.google.firebase.remoteconfig
* Overview
* Interfaces
* FirebaseRemoteConfigInfo
* FirebaseRemoteConfigValue
* Classes
* FirebaseRemoteConfig
* FirebaseRemoteConfigSettings
* FirebaseRemoteConfigSettings.Builder
* Exceptions
* FirebaseRemoteConfigClientException
* FirebaseRemoteConfigException
* FirebaseRemoteConfigFetchThrottledException
* FirebaseRemoteConfigServerException
* com.google.firebase.remoteconfig.ktx
* firebase.storage
* com.google.firebase.storage
* Overview
* Interfaces
* OnPausedListener
* OnProgressListener
* StorageTask.ProvideError
* StreamDownloadTask.StreamProcessor
* Classes
* CancellableTask
* ControllableTask
* FileDownloadTask
* FileDownloadTask.TaskSnapshot
* FirebaseStorage
* ListResult
* StorageMetadata
* StorageMetadata.Builder
* StorageReference
* StorageTask
* StorageTask.SnapshotBase
* StreamDownloadTask
* StreamDownloadTask.TaskSnapshot
* UploadTask
* UploadTask.TaskSnapshot
* Exceptions
* StorageException
* Annotations
* StorageException.ErrorCode
* com.google.firebase.storage.ktx
* Overview
* Classes
* TaskState
* TaskState.InProgress
* TaskState.Paused
* Android — Java
* Package Summary
* ads
* ads
* Overview
* AdError
* AdFormat
* AdInspectorError
* Overview
* AdInspectorErrorCode
* AdListener
* AdLoadCallback
* AdLoader
* Overview
* Builder
* AdRequest
* Overview
* Builder
* AdSize
* AdValue
* Overview
* PrecisionType
* AdView
* AdapterResponseInfo
* BaseAdView
* FullScreenContentCallback
* LoadAdError
* MediaAspectRatio
* MediaContent
* MediationUtils
* MobileAds
* MuteThisAdListener
* MuteThisAdReason
* OnAdInspectorClosedListener
* OnPaidEventListener
* OnUserEarnedRewardListener
* RequestConfiguration
* Overview
* Builder
* MaxAdContentRating
* TagForChildDirectedTreatment
* TagForUnderAgeOfConsent
* ResponseInfo
* VersionInfo
* VideoController
* Overview
* VideoLifecycleCallbacks
* VideoOptions
* Overview
* Builder
* ads.admanager
* Overview
* AdManagerAdRequest
* Overview
* Builder
* AdManagerAdView
* AdManagerInterstitialAd
* AdManagerInterstitialAdLoadCallback
* AppEventListener
* ads.appopen
* Overview
* AppOpenAd
* Overview
* AppOpenAdLoadCallback
* AppOpenAdOrientation
* ads.formats
* Overview
* AdManagerAdViewOptions
* Overview
* Builder
* MediaView
* NativeAd
* Overview
* AdChoicesInfo
* Image
* NativeAdOptions
* Overview
* AdChoicesPlacement
* Builder
* NativeMediaAspectRatio
* OnAdManagerAdViewLoadedListener
* UnifiedNativeAdAssetNames
* ads.h5
* Overview
* H5AdsRequestHandler
* H5AdsWebViewClient
* OnH5AdsEventListener
* ads.initialization
* Overview
* AdapterStatus
* Overview
* State
* InitializationStatus
* OnInitializationCompleteListener
* ads.interstitial
* Overview
* InterstitialAd
* InterstitialAdLoadCallback
* ads.mediation
* Overview
* Adapter
* InitializationCompleteCallback
* MediationAdCallback
* MediationAdConfiguration
* Overview
* TagForChildDirectedTreatment
* MediationAdLoadCallback
* MediationAdRequest
* MediationAdapter
* MediationAppOpenAd
* MediationAppOpenAdCallback
* MediationAppOpenAdConfiguration
* MediationBannerAd
* MediationBannerAdCallback
* MediationBannerAdConfiguration
* MediationBannerAdapter
* MediationBannerListener
* MediationConfiguration
* MediationExtrasReceiver
* MediationInterscrollerAd
* MediationInterstitialAd
* MediationInterstitialAdCallback
* MediationInterstitialAdConfiguration
* MediationInterstitialAdapter
* MediationInterstitialListener
* MediationNativeAdCallback
* MediationNativeAdConfiguration
* MediationNativeAdapter
* MediationNativeListener
* MediationRewardedAd
* MediationRewardedAdCallback
* MediationRewardedAdConfiguration
* NativeMediationAdRequest
* NetworkExtras
* OnContextChangedListener
* OnImmersiveModeUpdatedListener
* UnifiedNativeAdMapper
* VersionInfo
* ads.mediation.customevent
* Overview
* CustomEvent
* CustomEventBanner
* CustomEventBannerListener
* CustomEventExtras
* CustomEventInterstitial
* CustomEventInterstitialListener
* CustomEventListener
* CustomEventNative
* CustomEventNativeListener
* ads.mediation.rtb
* Overview
* RtbAdapter
* RtbSignalData
* SignalCallbacks
* ads.nativead
* Overview
* AdChoicesView
* MediaView
* NativeAd
* Overview
* AdChoicesInfo
* Image
* OnNativeAdLoadedListener
* UnconfirmedClickListener
* NativeAdAssetNames
* NativeAdOptions
* Overview
* AdChoicesPlacement
* Builder
* NativeMediaAspectRatio
* SwipeGestureDirection
* NativeAdView
* NativeAdViewHolder
* NativeCustomFormatAd
* Overview
* DisplayOpenMeasurement
* OnCustomClickListener
* OnCustomFormatAdLoadedListener
* ads.query
* Overview
* QueryInfo
* QueryInfoGenerationCallback
* ads.rewarded
* Overview
* OnAdMetadataChangedListener
* RewardItem
* RewardedAd
* RewardedAdLoadCallback
* ServerSideVerificationOptions
* Overview
* Builder
* ads.rewardedinterstitial
* Overview
* RewardedInterstitialAd
* RewardedInterstitialAdLoadCallback
* ads.search
* Overview
* DynamicHeightSearchAdRequest
* Overview
* Builder
* SearchAdView
* appindexing
* appindexing
* Overview
* Action
* Overview
* Builder
* AndroidAppUri
* AppIndex
* AppIndexApi
* Overview
* ActionResult
* AppIndexingLink
* Thing
* Overview
* Builder
* firebase.appindexing
* Overview
* Action
* Overview
* Builder
* Action.Metadata
* Overview
* Builder
* AndroidAppUri
* FirebaseAppIndex
* FirebaseAppIndexingException
* FirebaseAppIndexingInvalidArgumentException
* FirebaseAppIndexingTooManyArgumentsException
* FirebaseUserActions
* Indexable
* Overview
* Builder
* Indexable.Metadata
* Overview
* Builder
* Scope
* firebase.appindexing.builders
* Overview
* Actions
* AggregateRatingBuilder
* AlarmBuilder
* AlarmInstanceBuilder
* AssistActionBuilder
* AudiobookBuilder
* BookBuilder
* ConversationBuilder
* DigitalDocumentBuilder
* DigitalDocumentPermissionBuilder
* GeoShapeBuilder
* IndexableBuilder
* Indexables
* LocalBusinessBuilder
* MessageBuilder
* MusicAlbumBuilder
* MusicGroupBuilder
* MusicPlaylistBuilder
* MusicRecordingBuilder
* PersonBuilder
* PhotographBuilder
* PlaceBuilder
* PostalAddressBuilder
* ReservationBuilder
* StickerBuilder
* StickerPackBuilder
* StopwatchBuilder
* StopwatchLapBuilder
* TimerBuilder
* VideoObjectBuilder
* measurement
* measurement
* Overview
* AppMeasurementJobService
* AppMeasurementReceiver
* AppMeasurementService
* measurement.api
* firebase.analytics
* Overview
* FirebaseAnalytics
* Overview
* ConsentStatus
* ConsentType
* Event
* Param
* UserProperty
* measurement.impl
* measurement
* Overview
* AppMeasurementContentProvider
* firebase
* firebase
* Overview
* FirebaseApiNotAvailableException
* FirebaseApp
* FirebaseException
* FirebaseNetworkException
* FirebaseOptions
* Overview
* Builder
* FirebaseTooManyRequestsException
* Timestamp
* firebase.auth
* Overview
* FirebaseAuthException
* GetTokenResult
* firebase.provider
* Overview
* FirebaseInitProvider
* firebase.appcheck
* firebase.appcheck
* Overview
* Interfaces
* AppCheckProvider
* AppCheckProviderFactory
* FirebaseAppCheck.AppCheckListener
* Classes
* AppCheckToken
* FirebaseAppCheck
* firebase.appcheck-debug
* firebase.appcheck.debug
* Overview
* Classes
* DebugAppCheckProviderFactory
* firebase.appcheck-debug-testing
* firebase.appcheck.debug.testing
* Overview
* Interfaces
* DebugAppCheckTestHelper.MaybeThrowingRunnable
* Classes
* DebugAppCheckTestHelper
* firebase.appcheck-playintegrity
* firebase.appcheck.playintegrity
* Overview
* Classes
* PlayIntegrityAppCheckProviderFactory
* firebase.appcheck-safetynet
* firebase.appcheck.safetynet
* Overview
* Classes
* SafetyNetAppCheckProviderFactory
* firebase.appdistribution
* firebase.appdistribution
* Overview
* Interfaces
* AppDistributionRelease
* FirebaseAppDistribution
* OnProgressListener
* UpdateProgress
* Classes
* UpdateTask
* Enums
* BinaryType
* FirebaseAppDistributionException.Status
* UpdateStatus
* Exceptions
* FirebaseAppDistributionException
* firebase.auth
* firebase.auth
* Overview
* ActionCodeEmailInfo
* ActionCodeInfo
* ActionCodeMultiFactorInfo
* ActionCodeResult
* Overview
* ActionDataKey
* Operation
* ActionCodeSettings
* Overview
* Builder
* ActionCodeUrl
* AdditionalUserInfo
* AuthCredential
* AuthResult
* EmailAuthCredential
* EmailAuthProvider
* FacebookAuthCredential
* FacebookAuthProvider
* FederatedAuthProvider
* FirebaseAuth
* Overview
* AuthStateListener
* IdTokenListener
* FirebaseAuthActionCodeException
* FirebaseAuthEmailException
* FirebaseAuthException
* FirebaseAuthInvalidCredentialsException
* FirebaseAuthInvalidUserException
* FirebaseAuthMultiFactorException
* FirebaseAuthProvider
* FirebaseAuthRecentLoginRequiredException
* FirebaseAuthSettings
* FirebaseAuthUserCollisionException
* FirebaseAuthWeakPasswordException
* FirebaseAuthWebException
* FirebaseUser
* FirebaseUserMetadata
* GetTokenResult
* GithubAuthCredential
* GithubAuthProvider
* GoogleAuthCredential
* GoogleAuthProvider
* MultiFactor
* MultiFactorAssertion
* MultiFactorInfo
* MultiFactorResolver
* MultiFactorSession
* OAuthCredential
* OAuthProvider
* Overview
* Builder
* CredentialBuilder
* PhoneAuthCredential
* PhoneAuthOptions
* Overview
* Builder
* PhoneAuthProvider
* Overview
* ForceResendingToken
* OnVerificationStateChangedCallbacks
* PhoneMultiFactorAssertion
* PhoneMultiFactorGenerator
* PhoneMultiFactorInfo
* PlayGamesAuthCredential
* PlayGamesAuthProvider
* SignInMethodQueryResult
* TwitterAuthCredential
* TwitterAuthProvider
* UserInfo
* UserProfileChangeRequest
* Overview
* Builder
* firebase.crashlytics
* firebase.crashlytics
* Overview
* Classes
* CustomKeysAndValues
* CustomKeysAndValues.Builder
* FirebaseCrashlytics
* firebase.database
* firebase.database
* Overview
* Interfaces
* ChildEventListener
* DatabaseReference.CompletionListener
* Logger
* Transaction.Handler
* ValueEventListener
* Classes
* DataSnapshot
* DatabaseError
* DatabaseReference
* FirebaseDatabase
* GenericTypeIndicator
* MutableData
* OnDisconnect
* Query
* ServerValue
* Transaction
* Transaction.Result
* Enums
* Logger.Level
* Exceptions
* DatabaseException
* Annotations
* Exclude
* IgnoreExtraProperties
* PropertyName
* ThrowOnExtraProperties
* firebase.dynamiclinks
* firebase.dynamiclinks
* Overview
* Interfaces
* ShortDynamicLink
* ShortDynamicLink.Warning
* Classes
* DynamicLink
* DynamicLink.AndroidParameters
* DynamicLink.AndroidParameters.Builder
* DynamicLink.Builder
* DynamicLink.GoogleAnalyticsParameters
* DynamicLink.GoogleAnalyticsParameters.Builder
* DynamicLink.IosParameters
* DynamicLink.IosParameters.Builder
* DynamicLink.ItunesConnectAnalyticsParameters
* DynamicLink.ItunesConnectAnalyticsParameters.Builder
* DynamicLink.NavigationInfoParameters
* DynamicLink.NavigationInfoParameters.Builder
* DynamicLink.SocialMetaTagParameters
* DynamicLink.SocialMetaTagParameters.Builder
* FirebaseDynamicLinks
* PendingDynamicLinkData
* Annotations
* ShortDynamicLink.Suffix
* firebase.firestore
* firebase.firestore
* Overview
* Interfaces
* EventListener
* ListenerRegistration
* OnProgressListener
* Transaction.Function
* WriteBatch.Function
* Classes
* AggregateQuery
* AggregateQuerySnapshot
* Blob
* CollectionReference
* DocumentChange
* DocumentReference
* DocumentSnapshot
* FieldPath
* FieldValue
* FirebaseFirestore
* FirebaseFirestoreSettings
* FirebaseFirestoreSettings.Builder
* GeoPoint
* LoadBundleTask
* LoadBundleTaskProgress
* Query
* QueryDocumentSnapshot
* QuerySnapshot
* SetOptions
* SnapshotMetadata
* Transaction
* TransactionOptions
* TransactionOptions.Builder
* WriteBatch
* Enums
* AggregateSource
* DocumentChange.Type
* DocumentSnapshot.ServerTimestampBehavior
* FirebaseFirestoreException.Code
* LoadBundleTaskProgress.TaskState
* MetadataChanges
* Query.Direction
* Source
* Exceptions
* FirebaseFirestoreException
* Annotations
* DocumentId
* Exclude
* IgnoreExtraProperties
* PropertyName
* ServerTimestamp
* ThrowOnExtraProperties
* firebase.functions
* firebase.functions
* Overview
* Classes
* FirebaseFunctions
* HttpsCallableReference
* HttpsCallableResult
* Enums
* FirebaseFunctionsException.Code
* Exceptions
* FirebaseFunctionsException
* firebase.inappmessaging
* firebase.inappmessaging
* Overview
* Interfaces
* FirebaseInAppMessagingClickListener
* FirebaseInAppMessagingDismissListener
* FirebaseInAppMessagingDisplay
* FirebaseInAppMessagingDisplayCallbacks
* FirebaseInAppMessagingDisplayErrorListener
* FirebaseInAppMessagingImpressionListener
* Classes
* FirebaseInAppMessaging
* FirebaseInAppMessagingContextualTrigger
* Enums
* FirebaseInAppMessagingDisplayCallbacks.InAppMessagingDismissType
* FirebaseInAppMessagingDisplayCallbacks.InAppMessagingErrorReason
* firebase.inappmessaging.model
* Overview
* Classes
* Action
* BannerMessage
* Button
* CampaignMetadata
* CardMessage
* ImageData
* ImageOnlyMessage
* InAppMessage
* ModalMessage
* Text
* Enums
* MessageType
* firebase.inappmessaging.display
* firebase.inappmessaging.display
* Overview
* Classes
* FirebaseInAppMessagingDisplay
* firebase.iid
* firebase.iid
* Overview
* FirebaseInstanceId
* InstanceIdResult
* firebase.installations
* firebase.installations
* Overview
* Classes
* FirebaseInstallations
* firebase.messaging
* firebase.messaging
* Overview
* Classes
* FirebaseMessaging
* FirebaseMessagingService
* RemoteMessage
* RemoteMessage.Builder
* RemoteMessage.Notification
* Exceptions
* SendException
* Annotations
* RemoteMessage.MessagePriority
* firebase.ml.common
* firebase.ml.common
* Overview
* FirebaseMLException
* Overview
* Code
* firebase.ml.common.modeldownload
* Overview
* FirebaseLocalModel
* Overview
* Builder
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# FirebaseVisionOnDeviceAutoMLImageLabelerOptions.Builder
Stay organized with collections Save and categorize content based on your
preferences.
public static class FirebaseVisionOnDeviceAutoMLImageLabelerOptions.Builder
extends Object
Builder of ` FirebaseVisionOnDeviceImageLabelerOptions`.
### Public Constructor Summary
FirebaseVisionOnDeviceAutoMLImageLabelerOptions.Builder(FirebaseAutoMLLocalModel
localModel)
Creates a new builder to build `
FirebaseVisionOnDeviceAutoMLImageLabelerOptions` with a local model `
FirebaseAutoMLLocalModel`.
FirebaseVisionOnDeviceAutoMLImageLabelerOptions.Builder(FirebaseAutoMLRemoteModel
remoteModel)
Creates a new builder to build `
FirebaseVisionOnDeviceAutoMLImageLabelerOptions` with a remote model `
FirebaseAutoMLRemoteModel`.
### Public Method Summary
FirebaseVisionOnDeviceAutoMLImageLabelerOptions
build()
FirebaseVisionOnDeviceAutoMLImageLabelerOptions.Builder
setConfidenceThreshold(float confidenceThreshold)
Sets the confidence threshold of detected labels.
### Inherited Method Summary
From class java.lang.Object
Object
clone()
boolean
equals(Object arg0)
void
finalize()
final Class<?>
getClass()
int
hashCode()
final void
notify()
final void
notifyAll()
String
toString()
final void
wait(long arg0, int arg1)
final void
wait(long arg0)
final void
wait()
## Public Constructors
#### public FirebaseVisionOnDeviceAutoMLImageLabelerOptions.Builder
(FirebaseAutoMLLocalModel localModel)
Creates a new builder to build `
FirebaseVisionOnDeviceAutoMLImageLabelerOptions` with a local model `
FirebaseAutoMLLocalModel`.
#### public FirebaseVisionOnDeviceAutoMLImageLabelerOptions.Builder
(FirebaseAutoMLRemoteModel remoteModel)
Creates a new builder to build `
FirebaseVisionOnDeviceAutoMLImageLabelerOptions` with a remote model `
FirebaseAutoMLRemoteModel`.
## Public Methods
#### public FirebaseVisionOnDeviceAutoMLImageLabelerOptions build ()
#### public FirebaseVisionOnDeviceAutoMLImageLabelerOptions.Builder
setConfidenceThreshold (float confidenceThreshold)
Sets the confidence threshold of detected labels. Only labels detected with
confidence higher than or equal to this threshold are returned.
Default is 0.5f.
##### Throws
IllegalArgumentException if the `confidenceThreshold` is out of the range
[0.0f, 1.0f].
Send feedback
Except as otherwise noted, the content of this page is licensed under the
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License, and code samples are licensed under
the Apache 2.0 License. For details, see the Google Developers Site Policies.
Java is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Last updated 2020-08-08 UTC.
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*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
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*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
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*[11:24 ngày 21/2/23]:
*[18:45 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[14:42 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[17:56 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[11:21 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[11:39 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[11:35 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[08:31 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[14:01 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[13:28 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[12:15 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[08:44 ngày 18/2/23]:
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*[PSGC]: Philippine Standard Geographic Code
*[SEC]: Securities and Exchange Commission
*[RTC]: Regional Trial Court
*[Crim.]: Criminal
*[ BBC ]: British Broadcasting Corporation
*[Barangay]: Total number of barangays
*[(DK)]: Denmark
*[(NO)]: Norway
*[(GB)]: United Kingdom
*[(IL)]: Israel
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*[(HU)]: Hungary
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*[(US)]: United States
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|
spiderum_text/5337 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
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*[transl.]: translation
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*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
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*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate. Executive Order 135 §6 states that for "census years" (years divisible by 10) the reference date would be May 1st, but for all other years, the reference date is to be the "middle of the year". This means that growth rates, although correct, are not necessarily simple year-on-year comparisons.
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
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*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
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*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
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*[14:42 ngày 18/2/23]:
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*[11:21 ngày 19/2/23]:
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*[11:35 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[08:31 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[14:01 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[13:28 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[12:15 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[08:44 ngày 18/2/23]:
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*[SEC]: Securities and Exchange Commission
*[RTC]: Regional Trial Court
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|
spiderum_text/298 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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|
spiderum_text/2605 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
google_logo Play
Juegos
Apps
Películas y programas
Libros
Infantiles
none
search
help_outline
* Acceder con Google
* * play_appsBiblioteca y dispositivos
* paymentPagos y suscripciones
* reviewsMi actividad de Play
* redeemOfertas
* * settingsConfiguración
* Política de Privacidad • Términos y condiciones
Juegos
Apps
Películas y programas
Libros
Infantiles
Imagen de ícono
Imagen de ícono
# Autenticador de Google
Google LLC
3.6star
434 k opiniones
100 M+
Descargas
Calificación del contenido
Apto para todo público
info
Instalar
Agregar a la lista de deseos
Imagen de la captura de pantalla
Imagen de la captura de pantalla
Imagen de la captura de pantalla
Imagen de la captura de pantalla
Imagen de la captura de pantalla
Imagen de la captura de pantalla
Imagen de la captura de pantalla
Imagen de la captura de pantalla
Imagen de la captura de pantalla
Imagen de la captura de pantalla
Imagen de la captura de pantalla
Imagen de la captura de pantalla
Imagen de la captura de pantalla
Imagen de la captura de pantalla
Imagen de la captura de pantalla
Imagen de la captura de pantalla
Imagen de la captura de pantalla
Imagen de la captura de pantalla
## Acerca de esta app
arrow_forward
El Autenticador de Google genera códigos de verificación en dos pasos en tu
teléfono.
La verificación en dos pasos solicita un segundo paso de verificación cuando
accedes a tu Cuenta de Google, lo que le proporciona a tu cuenta una mayor
seguridad. Además de la contraseña, necesitarás un código que genera la app
del Autenticador de Google de tu teléfono.
Obtén más información sobre la verificación en dos pasos en https://g.co/2step
Características:
* Genera códigos de verificación sin conexión de datos.
* El Autenticador de Google es compatible con muchos proveedores y cuentas.
* Incluye el Tema oscuro.
* Se configura de forma automática mediante un código QR.
* Permite transferir cuentas de un dispositivo a otro mediante un código QR.
Aviso de permisos:
Cámara: Se solicita para poder agregar cuentas a través de códigos QR.
Actualización
14 jul 2022
Herramientas
## Seguridad de los datos
arrow_forward
El primer paso de la seguridad es comprender cómo los desarrolladores
recopilan y comparten tus datos. Las prácticas de privacidad y seguridad de
datos pueden variar en función del uso de la app, la región y la edad. El
desarrollador proporcionó esta información y podría actualizarla con el
tiempo.
Imagen de ícono
No se comparten datos con terceros
Más información sobre cómo los desarrolladores declaran el uso compartido
Imagen de ícono
Es posible que esta app recopile estos tipos de datos
Actividad en apps, Información y rendimiento de la app y Dispositivo u otros
ID
Imagen de ícono
Los datos están encriptados en tránsito
Imagen de ícono
No se pueden borrar los datos
Ver detalles
## Calificaciones y opiniones
Las calificaciones y opiniones están verificadasinfo_outline
arrow_forward
Las calificaciones y opiniones están verificadasinfo_outline
3.6
434 k opiniones
5
4
3
2
1
Adán PO
more_vert
* Marcar como inapropiada
* Mostrar historial de opiniones
14 de julio de 2022
Es una opción buena, se supone que con la última actualización se encriptan
los datos en el teléfono. Sin embargo, hace falta que tenga bloqueo de app
(biométrico, contraseña, etc.) además de que puedan guardarse las cuentas en
la misma cuenta de Google; esto, debido a que como bien señalan otros
usuarios, se han perdido cuentas debido a que borran la aplicación sin haber
hecho un respaldo en otro teléfono. Por otra parte, el que puedan transferirse
fácilmente las cuentas me parece acertado.
Esta opinión les resultó útil a 484 personas
¿Te resultó útil?
Sí
No
Un usuario de Google
more_vert
* Marcar como inapropiada
15 de noviembre de 2019
Es una auténtica basura esta muy mal diseñada y os explico el porqué, en el
momento que quieras cambiar de móvil ahí comienza el Infierno, no hay forma de
sincronizar con la nube, ni ninguna opción de exportación no está bien
diseñada si alguien como yo que se junta con 43 cuentas (4 años) de muchos
logins, ahí es donde te das cuenta que eso no esta bien, desde este momento la
dejó de usar, prefiero el SMS, o el mail de verificación, esta App es el Peor
Engendro de la historia. NO LA RECOMIENDO
Esta opinión les resultó útil a 705 personas
¿Te resultó útil?
Sí
No
Jhon Paniagua Rojas
more_vert
* Marcar como inapropiada
* Mostrar historial de opiniones
4 de julio de 2022
La aplicación tiene para mi 2 defectos muy gruesos. La primera es que no sé
puede bloquear mediante contraseña o bloqueo biometrico. La segunda y más
importante es que no hace un respaldo en la nube de las cuentas, si por algún
motivo el celular se avería o roban no hay manera de recuperar los códigos y
por tanto se puede perder el acceso a las cuentas permanentemente (Facebook,
Mail, etc). Esta aplicación es en realidad demasiado insegura, recomiendo
Microsoft Autenticator.
Esta opinión les resultó útil a 110 personas
¿Te resultó útil?
Sí
No
Ver todas las opiniones
## Novedades
* Se agregó la encriptación del dispositivo al almacenamiento de información confidencial
flagMarcar como inapropiada
## Contacto del desarrollador
expand_more
language
Sitio web
https://support.google.com/accounts/bin/answer.py?hl=en&answer=1066447
email
Correo
[email protected]
place
Dirección
1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View 94043
verified_user
Política de Privacidad
http://www.google.com/policies/privacy
## Apps similares
arrow_forward
Imagen en miniatura
Twilio Authy Authenticator
Authy
4.4star
Imagen en miniatura
Microsoft Authenticator
Microsoft Corporation
4.7star
Imagen en miniatura
2FA Authenticator (2FAS)
2FAS
4.6star
Imagen en miniatura
Duo Mobile
Duo Security LLC
3.1star
Imagen en miniatura
TOTP Authenticator – 2FA with
BinaryBoot
4.0star
Imagen en miniatura
Keeper - Gestor de Contraseñas
Keeper Security, Inc.
4.6star
## Más de Google LLC
arrow_forward
Imagen en miniatura
YouTube TV: Live TV & more
Google LLC
4.2star
Imagen en miniatura
YouTube TV: Live TV & more
Google LLC
2.4star
Imagen en miniatura
Google Chat
Google LLC
4.1star
Imagen en miniatura
Traductor de Google
Google LLC
4.3star
Imagen en miniatura
YouTube Kids
Google LLC
4.3star
Imagen en miniatura
Billetera de Google
Google LLC
4.1star
flagMarcar como inapropiada
Google Play
Play Pass
Puntos de Play
Tarjetas de regalo
Canjear
Política de reembolso
Niños y familia
Guía para padres
Uso compartido con la familia
Términos y condiciones
Privacidad
Acerca de Google Play
Desarrolladores
Google Store
Estados Unidos (Español (Ecuador))
*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
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*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
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*[PST]: past tense
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*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
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*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
|
spiderum_text/3045 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
Google Cloud
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Analytics and collaboration tools for the retail value chain.
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Solutions for content production and distribution operations.
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Hybrid and multi-cloud services to deploy and monetize 5G.
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AI-driven solutions to build and scale games faster.
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Migration and AI tools to optimize the manufacturing value chain.
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Digital supply chain solutions built in the cloud.
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Data storage, AI, and analytics solutions for government agencies.
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Teaching tools to provide more engaging learning experiences.
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Assess, plan, implement, and measure software practices and capabilities to
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AI model for speaking with customers and assisting human agents.
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Simplify and accelerate secure delivery of open banking compliant APIs.
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Migrate quickly with solutions for SAP, VMware, Windows, Oracle, and other
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Discovery and analysis tools for moving to the cloud.
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Certifications for running SAP applications and SAP HANA.
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# Human-in-the-Loop Overview
Preview
This product or feature is covered by the Pre-GA Offerings Terms of the Google
Cloud Terms of Service. Pre-GA products and features might have limited
support, and changes to pre-GA products and features might not be compatible
with other pre-GA versions. For more information, see the launch stage
descriptions.
Human-in-the-Loop (HITL) enables human verification and corrections to ensure
accuracy of data extracted by Document AI processors before it is used in
critical business applications.
It provides a workflow and UI for humans (referred to as labelers in HITL) to
review, validate and correct the data extracted from documents by Document AI
processors. It is used across Financial Services, Health, Manufacturing,
Government and other industries.
We provide two options of human labelers:
* Bring-your-own-labelers - your own workforce or partner workforce can review the documents.
* Google HITL Workforce \- is available as a Private Preview service for documents. Fill out this form to request access
## Features
* Confidence threshold filters to limit the number of documents going through HITL.
* Labeler pool management, including task assignments and efficiency analytics by task and by labeler.
* UI cues and features that reduce labeler handling time per document.
* Analytics and metrics by task and by labeler, so you can streamline HITL operations.
## Benefits
* Risk mitigation \- mitigate financial risks of critical data being incorrect - for example, invoice amounts, billing addresses, loan amounts, etc.
* Simplify Exception Handling \- Easily roll out a human review and exception handling workflow.
* Workforce Efficiencies \- manage, monitor and improve productivity of workforce managing human review.
* Cost control \- control costs of human review with configurable filters.
* Data completeness \- ensure extracted data is complete for downstream business applications.
## Processors supported
### General Processors
* Form Parser
### Specialized Processors
* Contract parser
* France Driver License Parser
* France National ID Parser
* France Passport Parser
* US Driver License Parser
* US Passport Parser
* 1003 Parser
* 1040 Parser
* 1040 Schedule C Parser
* 1040 Schedule E Parser
* 1099-DIV Parser
* 1099-G Parser
* 1099-INT Parser
* 1099-MISC Parser
* 1120 Parser
* 1120S Parser
* Bank Statement Parser
* HOA Statement Parser
* Pay Slip Parser
* Retirement/Investment Statement Parser
* SSA-89 Parser
* W2 Parser
* W9 Parser
* Expense Parser
* Invoice Parser
* Purchase Order Parser
* Utility Parser
### Custom Processors
* Custom Document Extractor
You will see the HITL configuration menu for these processors. Refer to the
Release notes for announcements about additional processor support.
Send feedback
Except as otherwise noted, the content of this page is licensed under the
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License, and code samples are licensed under
the Apache 2.0 License. For details, see the Google Developers Site Policies.
Java is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Last updated 2023-02-07 UTC.
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"id": "otherDown", "label":"Other" }] [{ "type": "thumb-up", "id":
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"solvedMyProblem", "label":"Solved my problem" },{ "type": "thumb-up", "id":
"otherUp", "label":"Other" }] Need to tell us more?
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*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
|
spiderum_text/1710 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
Tinhte
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whowillibe1412
# whowillibe1412
Cấp thành viênCấp độ thành viên Tinhte.vn ĐẠI BÀNG
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* Tường nhà
* Album và ảnh
Nhiệm vụ của bạn
* Nhiệm vụ
* Phần thưởng
Bạn không có quyền truy cập thông tin này
1. Tin mới
2. Sản phẩm công nghệ mới
3. Khuyến mãi
4. Sự kiện
5. Video
1. ### Tinh tế
1. Nội quy diễn đàn
2. Thỏa thuận sử dụng dịch vụ
3. Góp ý
4. Hỗ trợ, hướng dẫn
5. Liên hệ quảng cáo
6. Tinh tế RSS
2. ### Cộng đồng
1. Điện thoại
2. Máy tính
3. Camera
4. Xe
5. Khoa học công nghệ
3. ### Nhật Tảo
1. Mua bán điện thoại
2. Mua bán máy tính
3. Mua bán máy tính bảng
4. Mua bán camera
5. Mua bán đồng hồ thông minh
6. Mua bán xe
7. Mua bán điện máy
8. Mua bán sim, sim 3G
4. ### Liên kết
1. Cà phê Tinh tế
2. Khắc tên
3. ChiMua.vn
4. 1Tudien
5. NhacCuaTui
6. 5Giay
7. Webtretho
8. Biker Vietnam
5. ### Theo dõi chúng tôi
1. Facebook
2. Youtube
3. Flickr
4. Twitter
5. Google+
* Chịu trách nhiệm nội dung: Trần Mạnh Hiệp
* © 2023 Công ty Cổ phần MXH Tinh Tế
* Địa chỉ: Số 70 Bà Huyện Thanh Quan, P. Võ Thị Sáu, Quận 3, TPHCM
* Số điện thoại: 02862713156
* MST: 0313255119
* Giấy phép thiết lập MXH số 11/GP-BTTTT, Ký ngày: 08/01/2019
*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
|
spiderum_text/3383 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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Send feedback
# Firebase C++ SDK Release Notes
Stay organized with collections Save and categorize content based on your
preferences.
To review release notes for the Firebase console and for other Firebase
platforms and related SDKs, refer to the Firebase Release Notes.
To install this SDK, see Add Firebase to your C++ Project.
## Version 10.5.0 - February 14, 2023
* (Android) Update to Firebase Android BoM version 31.2.1.
* (iOS) Update to Firebase Cocoapods version 10.5.0.
## Version 10.4.0 - January 24, 2023
* (Android) Update to Firebase Android BoM version 31.2.0.
* (iOS) Update to Firebase Cocoapods version 10.4.0.
* (Desktop) On macOS, in order to support sandbox mode, apps can define a key/value pair for `FBAppGroupEntitlementName` in Info.plist. The value associated with this key will be used to prefix semaphore names created internally by the Firebase C++ SDK so that they conform with macOS sandbox requirements.
### Analytics
* Add `analytics::SetConsent()` and `analytics::GetSessionId()` APIs.
### Google Mobile Ads
* (Android) Updated dependency to play-services-ads version 21.4.0. This new version requires Multidex to be enabled in your Android builds.
* (iOS) Updated dependency to Google-Mobile-Ads-SDK version 9.14.0.
## Version 10.3.0 - December 13, 2022
* (Android) Update to Firebase Android BoM version 31.1.1.
* (iOS) Update to Firebase Cocoapods version 10.3.0.
## Version 10.2.0 - November 29, 2022
* (Android) Update to Firebase Android BoM version 31.1.0.
* (iOS) Update to Firebase Cocoapods version 10.2.0.
* (Desktop) Linux x86 libraries have been fixed.
### NOTE
* The next major release of the Firebase C++ SDK will drop support for C++11, setting the new minimum C++ version to C++14. For more information please see our C++ Language Standard Support Criteria.
## Version 10.1.0 - November 1, 2022
* (Android) Update to Firebase Android BoM version 31.0.2.
* (iOS) Update to Firebase Cocoapods version 10.1.0.
* Linux x86 builds are broken since C++ SDK version 9.6.0. A fix is in progress.
### Cloud Firestore
* (Android) Reduce the number of JNI global references consumed when creating or updating documents (#1111).
## Version 10.0.0 - October 13, 2022
* (Android) Update to Firebase Android BoM version 31.0.0.
* (iOS) Update to Firebase Cocoapods version 10.0.0.
* Remove unused headers for Performance Monitoring and Test Lab from the package.
### AdMob
* (iOS) Temporarily pinned AdMob dependency to a special version of the Google-Mobile-Ads-SDK Cocoapod, "7.69.0-cppsdk3", to maintain compatibility with version 10.x of the Firebase iOS SDK.
### Authentication
* (Android/iOS) Deprecating `PhoneAuthProvider::kMaxTimeoutMs`. The actual range is determined by the underlying SDK, ex. `PhoneAuthOptions.Builder` from Android SDK.
### Google Mobile Ads
* (iOS) Updated iOS dependency to Google Mobile Ads SDK version 9.11.0.1.
## Version 9.6.0 - September 22, 2022
* (Android) Update to Firebase Android BoM version 30.5.0.
* (iOS) Update to Firebase Cocoapods version 9.6.0.
### Google Mobile Ads
* (iOS) Updated iOS dependency to Google Mobile Ads SDK version 9.9.0.
* (Android) Updated Android dependency to Google Mobile Ads SDK version 21.2.0.
## Version 9.5.0 - September 8, 2022
* (Android) Update to Firebase Android BoM version 30.4.0.
* (iOS) Update to Firebase Cocoapods version 9.5.0.
## Version 9.4.0 - August 9, 2022
* (Desktop) Fixed an issue with embedded dependencies that could cause duplicate symbol linker errors in conjunction with other libraries (#989).
* (Android, iOS, Linux, macOS 32-bit) Fixed an integer overflow which could result in a crash or premature return when waiting for a `Future` with a timeout (#1042).
### Google Mobile Ads
* (iOS) Updated iOS dependency to Google Mobile Ads SDK version 9.7.0.
## Version 9.3.0 - July 20, 2022
* (Android, Linux) Fixed a concurrency bug where waiting for an event with a timeout could occasionally return prematurely, as if the timeout had occurred (#1021).
## Version 9.2.0 - June 28, 2022
* (Android) Switched over to Android BoM (Bill of Materials) for dependency versions. This requires Gradle 5.
### Google Mobile Ads
* Added the Google Mobile Ads SDK with updated support for AdMob. See the Get Started Guide for more information.
### AdMob
* The old AdMob SDK has been deprecated. Please update your app to use the new Google Mobile Ads SDK, which facilitates similar functionality.
### Realtime Database
* (Desktop) If the app data directory doesn't exist, create it. This fixes an issue with disk persistence on Linux.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added `TransactionOptions` to control how many times a transaction will retry commits before failing (#966).
### FCM
* (Android) Fixed #973. Make sure all the resources are closed in `RegistrationIntentService`.
## Version 9.1.0 - June 6, 2022
* (Android) Fixed a bug that required Android apps to include `com.google.android.gms:play-services-base` as an explicit dependency when only using AdMob, Analytics, Remote Config, or Messaging.
### Analytics
* (iOS) Added InitiateOnDeviceConversionMeasurementWithEmail function to facilitate the on-device conversion measurement API.
### Cloud Firestore
* (Desktop) On Windows, you must additionally link against the bcrypt and dbghelp system libraries.
### Cloud Functions
* Add a new method `GetHttpsCallableFromURL`, to create callables with URLs other than cloudfunctions.net.
## Version 9.0.0 - May 10, 2022
* (iOS) Firebase C++ on iOS is now built using Xcode 13.3.1.
* (Android) Firebase C++ on Android is now built against NDK version r21e.
* (Android) Support for gnustl (also known as libstdc++) has been removed. Please use libc++ instead. Android libraries have been moved from libs/android/ARCH/STL to libs/android/ARCH.
### AdMob
* (iOS) Temporarily pinned AdMob dependency to a special version of the Google-Mobile-Ads-SDK Cocoapod, "7.69.0-cppsdk2", to maintain compatibility with version 9.x of the Firebase iOS SDK.
### Analytics
* Removed deprecated event names and parameters.
### Realtime Database
* (Desktop) Fixed a bug handling server timestamps on 32-bit CPUs.
### Cloud Storage
* (Desktop) Set Content-Type HTTP header when uploading with custom metadata.
## Version 8.11.0 - April 21, 2022
### Realtime Database
* (Desktop) Upgrade LevelDb dependency to 1.23 (#886).
* (Desktop) Enabled Snappy compression support in LevelDb (#885).
### Cloud Firestore
* (Desktop) Upgrade LevelDb dependency to 1.23 (#886).
* (Desktop) Enabled Snappy compression support in LevelDb (#885).
## Version 8.10.0 - March 27, 2022
* (iOS) Fixed additional issues on iOS 15 caused by early initialization of Firebase iOS SDK.
### Remote Config
* Fixed default `Fetch()` timeout being 1000 times too high.
### Cloud Storage
* (Desktop) Added retry logic to PutFile, GetFile, and other operations.
## Version 8.9.0 - January 25, 2022
* (iOS) Fixed an intermittent crash on iOS 15 caused by constructing C++ objects during Objective-C's `+load` method. (#706) (#783)
* Internal changes to Mutex class.
## Version 8.8.0 - December 2, 2021
* Fixed a data race that could manifest as null pointer dereference in `FutureBase::Release()`. (#747)
* (iOS) iOS SDKs are now built using Xcode 12.4.
* (Desktop) macOS SDKs are now built using Xcode 12.4.
### Authentication
* (Desktop) Fixed a crash in `error_code()` when a request is cancelled or times out. (#737)
### Cloud Firestore
* Fix "unaligned pointers" build error on macOS Monterey (#712).
### FCM
* (Android) Fixed crash during termination. (#739) (#745)
* (Android) Fixed crash during initialization. (#760)
### Remote Config
* (Desktop) Fixed cache expiration time value used by `RemoteConfig::FetchAndActivate()`. (#767)
## Version 8.7.0 - November 4, 2021
* (Android) Minimum SDK version is now 19.
* Variant double type now support 64-bit while saving to json. (#1133).
### Analytics
* (tvOS) Analytics is now supported on tvOS.
### Cloud Firestore
* Released to general availability for Android and iOS (desktop support remains in beta).
* (iOS) Fix a crash when `Transaction.GetSnapshotAsync()` was invoked after `FirebaseFirestore.TerminateAsync()` (#8760).
## Version 8.6.0 - October 5, 2021
* (Desktop) MacOS SDKs are now built using Xcode 12.2, and include support for ARM-based Mac systems.
* (iOS) iOS SDKs are now built using Xcode 12.2.
### Authentication
* (Desktop) Fix a crash that would occur if parsing the JSON response from the server failed (#692).
### FCM
* (Android) Fixes an issue to receive token when initialize the app. (#667).
## Version 8.5.0 - September 15, 2021
* Updating Android and iOS dependencies to the latest.
* Fixes an issue with generating Proguard files. (#664).
## Version 8.4.0 - August 27, 2021
* Updating Android and iOS dependencies to the latest.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added `operator==` and `operator!=` for `SnapshotMetadata`, `Settings`, `QuerySnapshot`, `DocumentSnapshot`, `SetOptions`, and `DocumentChange`.
## Version 8.3.0 - July 27, 2021
* This release adds tvOS C++ libraries that wrap the community-supported Firebase tvOS SDK. `libs/tvos` contains tvOS-specific libraries, and the `xcframeworks` directory now includes support for both iOS and tvOS. The following products are currently included for tvOS: Auth, Database, Firestore, Functions, Installations, Messaging, Remote Config, Storage.
* When building from source, the compiler setting of "no exceptions" on app is PRIVATE now and will not affect any other targets in the build.
### Cloud Firestore
* Removed the deprecated `Firestore::RunTransaction(TransactionFunction*)` function. Please use the overload that takes a `std::function` argument instead.
* `FieldValue::Increment` functions are no longer guarded by the `INTERNAL_EXPERIMENTAL` macro.
* added more validation of invalid input.
* added an `is_valid` method to the public API classes that can be in an invalid state.
## Version 8.2.0 - July 14, 2021
* (Android) Updated Flatbuffers internal dependency from version 1.9 to 1.12.
### Cloud Firestore
* Deprecated the `Firestore::RunTransaction(TransactionFunction*)` function. Please use the overload that takes a `std::function` argument instead.
* Removed the deprecated `EventListener` class.
* Removed the deprecated overloads of `AddSnapshotListener` and `AddSnapshotsInSyncListener` functions that take an `EventListener*` argument. Please use the overloads that take a `std::function` argument instead.
## Version 8.1.0 - June 30, 2021
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a linker error when `DocumentChange::npos` was used. (#474).
* Added `Firestore::NamedQuery` that allows reading the queries used to build a Firestore Data Bundle.
## Version 8.0.0 - June 18, 2021
* (Android) Firebase no longer supports STLPort. Use libc++ instead.
* (Android) Firebase support for gnustl (also known as libstdc++) is deprecated and will be removed in the next major release. Use libc++ instead.
* (Android) Fixed a potential SIGABRT when an app was created with a non-default app name on Android KitKat (#429).
* (iOS) A database URL is no longer required to be present in GoogleService-Info.plist when not using the Realtime Database.
### AdMob
* (iOS) Temporarily pinned AdMob dependency to a special version of the Google-Mobile-Ads-SDK Cocoapod, "7.69.0-cppsdk", to maintain compatibility with version 8.x of the Firebase iOS SDK.
### Analytics
* Removed `SetCurrentScreen()` following its removal from the iOS SDK and deprecation in the Android SDK. Use `LogEvent` with the ScreenView event to manually log screen changes.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added `Firestore::LoadBundle` to enable loading Firestore data bundles into the SDK cache. `Firestore::NamedQuery` will be available in a future release.
### Instance ID
* Removed support for the previously-deprecated Instance ID SDK.
### Remote Config
* The previously-deprecated static methods have been removed. Use the new instance-based `firebase::remote_config::RemoteConfig` API instead.
* (Android) Fix for getting Remote Config instances for specific app objects. (#991).
## Version 7.3.0 - April 27, 2021
* (iOS) Update dependencies.
* (Android) Fix a gradle error if `ANDROID_NDK_HOME` is not set.
## Version 7.2.0 - April 14, 2021
* (Android) Firebase support for STLPort is deprecated and will be removed in the next major release. Please use libc++ instead.
* (iOS) iOS SDKs are now built using Xcode 12.
* (iOS) iOS SDKs are now providing XCFrameworks instead of Frameworks.
* Fixed rare crashes at application exit when destructors were being executed (#345).
* (Android) Removed checks for Google Play services for Auth, Database, Functions and Storage as the native Android packages no longer need it. (#361).
### Realtime Database
* Fixed a potential crash that can occur as a result of a race condition when adding, removing and deleting `ValueListener`s or `ChildListener`s rapidly.
* Fixed a crash when setting large values on Windows and Mac systems (#517).
## Version 7.1.1 - March 02, 2021
* (Android) Now uses non-conflicting file names for embedded resources in Android builds. This fixes segfault crashes on old Android devices (Android 5.x and below).
## Version 7.1.0 - February 16, 2021
* (iOS) Re-enabled Bitcode in iOS builds ([#266][https://github.com/firebase/firebase-cpp-sdk/issues/266]).
### Authentication
* You can now specify a language for emails and text messages sent from your apps using `UseAppLanguage()` or `set_language_code()`.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed partial updates in `Update()` with `FieldValue::Delete()` (#882).
### FCM
* (Android) Now uses `enqueueWork` instead of `startService`. This fixes lost messages with data payloads received when the app is in the background. (#877
### Remote Config
* Added `firebase::remote_config::RemoteConfig` class with new instance-based APIs to better manage fetching config data.
* Deprecated old module-based API in favor of the new instance-based API instead.
* (Desktop) Fixed multiple definition of Nanopb symbols in binary SDK ([#271][https://github.com/firebase/firebase-cpp-sdk/issues/271]).
## Version 7.0.1 - February 1, 2021
### Firebase installations
* (Android) Fixed incorrect STL variants, which fixes a linker error on Android.
## Version 7.0.0 - January 28, 2021
* (iOS) iOS SDKs are now built using Xcode 11.7.
* (Desktop) Windows libraries are now built using Visual Studio 2019. While VS 2019 is binary-compatible with VS 2015 and VS 2017, you must use VS 2019 or newer to link the desktop SDK. The libraries have been moved from `libs/windows/VS2015` to `libs/windows/VS2019` to reflect this.
* (Desktop) Linux libraries are now built with both the C++11 ABI and the legacy ABI. The libraries have been moved from `libs/linux/${arch}` to `libs/linux/${arch}/legacy` and `libs/linux/${arch}/cxx11` to reflect this.
### AdMob
* (Android) Fixed a JNI error when initializing without Firebase App.
### Analytics
* Removed deprecated `SetMinimumSessionDuration` call.
### Firebase installations
* Added Firebase installations SDK. See Documentation for details.
### Instance ID
* Marked Instance ID SDK as deprecated.
### FCM
* Added `GetToken` and `DeleteToken` APIs.
* Removed deprecated `Send()` function.
* `raw_data` has been changed from a `std::string` to a `std::vector<uint8_t>`, and can now be populated.
### Cloud Firestore
* Cloud Firestore C++ is now in Beta.
* Added support for `Query::WhereNotEqualTo` and `Query::WhereNotIn`.
* Added support for `Settings::set_cache_size_bytes` and `Settings::cache_size_bytes`.
* `Query` methods that return new `Query` objects are now `const`.
* Added new internal HTTP headers to the gRPC connection.
* Fixed a crash when writing to a document after having been offline for long enough that the auth token expired (#182).
## Version 6.16.1 - October 20, 2020
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue with persistent storage.
* Fixed a problem with missing symbols on Windows.
## Version 6.16.0 - October 2, 2020
* (iOS) The minimum supported Xcode version for the prebuilt SDK is 11.6.
### AdMob
* Fixed an issue when creating and loading interstitial ads.
### Authentication
* Fixed compiler error related to SignInResult.
### Realtime Database
* Enabled offline persistence.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a deadlock issue caused by not using an event loop.
* Added `error_message` parameter to snapshot listener callbacks.
### FCM
* Updated the library to be compatible with Android O.
* Deprecated the `Send` function.
## Version 6.15.1 - June 29, 2020
* Fixed an issue that warns about Future handle not released properly.
### Cloud Firestore
* all members of `Error` enumeration are now prefixed with `kError`; for example, `Error::kUnavailable` is now `Error::kErrorUnavailable`, which is more consistent with other Firebase C++ SDKs.
* Firestore can now be compiled on Windows even in presence of `min` and `max` macros defined in `<windows.h>`.
## Version 6.15.0 - June 2, 2020
* Fixed an assert creating a custom App when there is no default App.
### Cloud Firestore
* Removed `*LastResult` functions from the public API.
* Dropped the `From` prefix from the static functions in `FieldValue`
* `CollectionReference::id` now returns a const reference.
* Fixed absl `time_internal` linker error on Windows.
* Changed the signature of the callback passed to `Firestore::RunTransaction` to pass the parameters by mutable reference, not by pointer.
## Version 6.14.1 - May 18, 2020
## Authentication
* Added SignInResult.UserInfo.updated_credential field. On iOS, kAuthErrorCredentialAlreadyInUse errors when linking with Apple may contain a valid updated_credential for use in signing-in the Apple-linked user.
## Version 6.14.0 - April 23, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* `Firestore.LoggingEnabled` is replaced by `Firestore.LogLevel` for consistency with other Firebase Unity APIs. The getter for this property has been removed.
## Version 6.12.0 - March 5, 2020
* Added experimental support for Cloud Firestore SDK, available on all supported platforms. Please note that the API is subject to change.
## Version 6.11.0 - February 20, 2020
* (iOS) The minimum supported Xcode version is 10.3.
* When creating an App, the project_id from the default App is now used if one is not provided.
### Realtime Database
* (Desktop) Fixed an issue with Database connecting to the server after the Auth token is revoked.
## Version 6.10.0 - January 30, 2020
* (iOS) Updated the CMakeLists.txt to link static libraries stored under libs/ios/universal for iOS targets.
### Authentication
* Reverted the API of an experimental FederatedAuthHandler callback handler.
* (iOS) Added a new version of `OAuthProvider::GetCredential`, which takes a nonce parameter as required by Apple Sign-in.
## Version 6.9.0 - December 27, 2019
### Authentication
* Added `Auth::SignInWithProvider`, `User::LinkWithProvider`, and `User::ReauthenticateWithProvider`, allowing sign-in with third-party auth providers.
* Added constant `kProviderId` strings to auth provider classes.
* (iOS): Added support for linking Apple Sign-in credentials.
### FCM
* (Android): Added the option to enable or disable message delivery metrics export to BigQuery. This functionality is currently only available on Android. Stubs are provided on iOS for cross platform compatibility.
## Version 6.8.0 - December 3, 2019
* (Linux) Added compiler/stdlib check to ensure both the developer's executable and Firebase library are compiled with the same compiler and stdlib.
* Fixed an issue where resource generation from google-services.json would fail if python3 was used to execute the resource generation script.
### AdMob
* (Android): Fixed a potentially non thread safe operation in the destruction of BannerViews.
## Version 6.7.0 - November 13, 2019
* Added noexcept to move constructors to ensure STL uses move where possible.
* (Windows) Fixed bug where literal value 0 will call string constructor for Variant class.
* Added small string optimisation for `Variant`.
* Reduced number of new/delete for `Variant` if copying same type.
* Ensure map sort order for variant is consistent.
### Analytics
* (iOS) Fixed the racy behavior of `analytics::GetAnalyticsInstanceId()` after calling `analytics::ResetAnalyticsData()`.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue causing timestamps to not be populated correctly when using DatabaseReference::UpdateChildren().
* (Desktop) Fixed an issue preventing listener events from being triggered after DatabaseReference::UpdateChildren() is called.
* (Desktop) Functions that take `const char*` parameters will now fail gracefully if passed a null pointer.
* (Desktop) Fixed an issue causing. `DatabaseReference::RunTransaction()` to fail due to datastale when the location previously stored a vector with more than 10 items or a map with integer keys.
* (Desktop) Fixed an issue that could result in an incorrect snapshot being passed to listeners under specific circumstances.
* (Desktop): Fixed ordering issue of children when using OrderBy on double or int64 types with large values.
### Cloud Storage
* (iOS/Android) Fixed an issue where `Storage::GetReferenceFromUrl` would return an invalid `StorageReference`.
* (Desktop) Changed `url()` to return the empty string if the `Storage` instance was created with the default (null) URL.
## Version 6.6.1 - October 2, 2019
* Fixed a potential undefined reference in Future::OnCompletion.
## Version 6.6.0 - September 25, 2019
### Authentication
* (Android) Fixed assert when not using default app instance.
* (Desktop) Fixed not loading provider list from cached user data.
### Realtime Database
* (Desktop) Queries on locations in the database with query rules now function properly, instead of always returning "Permission denied".
* (Desktop) Fixed the map-to-vector conversion when firing events that have maps containing enitrely integer keys.
### Remote Config
* (Android) Fixed a bug when passing a Variant of type Blob to SetDefaults() on Android.
## Version 6.5.0 - September 10, 2019
### Authentication
* (Linux) Improved error logging if libsecret (required for login persistence) is not installed on Linux.
### Realtime Database
* The database now supports setting the log level independently of the system level logger.
## Version 6.4.0 - August 26, 2019
* Fixed an issue causing Futures to clear their data even if a reference was still being held.
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue with updated user info not being persisted.
### Realtime Database
* (Desktop) Fixed a crash when saving a ServerTimestamp during a transaction.
## Version 6.3.0 - August 14, 2019
* (iOS/Android) Fixed a bug that allows custom firebase::App instances to be created after the app has been restarted.
### Authentication
* (Desktop) Changed destruction behavior. Instead of waiting for all async operations to finish, now Auth will cancel all async operations and quit. For callbacks that are already running, this will protect against cases where auth instances might not exist anymore.
* (iOS) Fixed an exception in firebase::auth::VerifyPhoneNumber.
* (iOS) Stopped Auth from hanging on destruction if any local futures remain in scope.
### Realtime Database
* (Desktop) Fixed an issue that could cause a crash when updating the descendant of a location with a listener attached.
## Version 6.2.2 - July 26, 2019
### Authentication
* (Desktop) After loading a persisted user data, ensure token is not expired.
### Realtime Database
* (Desktop) Fixed use of an expired auth token after it's loaded from persistent storage.
* (Desktop) Fixed DatabaseReference::RunTransaction() sending invalid data to the server which causes error message "Error on incoming message" and freeze.
### Cloud Functions
* (Desktop) Fixed use of an expired auth token after it's loaded from persistent storage.
### Cloud Storage
* (Desktop) Fixed use of an expired auth token after it's loaded from persistent storage.
## Version 6.2.0 - July 2, 2019
* Updated Firebase iOS and Firebase Android dependencies.
* Added a way to configure SDK-wide log verbosity.
### Instance ID
* (Android) Fixed a crash when destroying InstanceID objects.
### Dynamic Links
* Added support for custom domains.
### Realtime Database
* Added a way to configure log verbosity of Realtime Database instances.
## Version 6.1.0 - June 6, 2019
* Updated Firebase iOS and Firebase Android dependencies.
### Authentication
* User's credentials will now persist between sessions. See the documentation for more information.
* As part of the above change, if you call current_user() immediately after creating the Auth instance, it will block until the saved user's state is finished loading.
* Fixed an issue where Database/Functions/Storage might not use the latest auth token immediately after sign-in.
* Fixed an issue where an error code could get reported incorrectly on Android.
### Realtime Database
* (Desktop) Fixed an issue that could cause a crash during shutdown.
* (iOS) Fixed a race condition that could cause a crash when cleaning up database listeners on iOS.
* (iOS) Fixed an issue where long (64-bit) values could get written to the database incorrectly (truncated to 32-bits).
### Cloud Functions
* Change assert to log warning when App is deleted before Cloud Functions instance is deleted.
### FCM
* Added channel_id to Messaging notifications.
## Version 6.0.0 - May 7, 2019
* Updated Firebase iOS and Firebase Android dependencies.
### Authentication
* Fixed a race condition updating the current user.
### FCM
* (iOS/Android) Fix an issue where Subscribe and Unsubscribe never returned if you were set not to receive a registration token.
### Invites
* Removed Firebase Invites library, as it is no longer supported.
### Remote Config
* Removed functions using config namespaces, which were deprecated in a previous release.
### Analytics
* Deprecated SetMinimumSessionDuration.
### AdMob
* (Android) To work around a incompatible dependency, AdMob temporarily requires an additional dependency on com.google.android.gms:play-services-measurement-sdk-api:16.5.0
## Version 5.7.0 - April 19, 2019
As this release of the Firebase C++ SDK is the final version to support
Firebase Invites, it will remain available for download here.
### Remote Config
* Config namespaces are now deprecated. You'll need to switch to methods that use the default namespace.
### AdMob
* (Android) To work around a incompatible dependency, AdMob temporarily requires an additional dependency on com.google.android.gms:play-services-measurement-sdk-api:16.4.0
## Version 5.6.1 - April 5, 2019
* (iOS) Updated to the latest iOS SDK to fix a crash on `firebase::App` creation caused by a race condition. The crash could occur when accessing the [FIRApp firebaseUserAgent] property of the iOS FIRApp.
## Version 5.6.0 - March 18, 2019
* Firebase C++ is now open source.
* Fixed a crash when deleting `firebase::App` before deleting other Firebase subsystems.
### Authentication
* (iOS) Added Game Center authentication.
### Realtime Database
* (Desktop) Reworked how cached server values work to be more in line with mobile implementations.
* (Desktop) Simultaneous transactions are now supported.
* (Desktop) The special Timestamp ServerValue is now supported.
* (Desktop) KeepSynchronized is now supported.
## Version 5.5.0 - February 19, 2019
* (Android) Added a gradle file to the SDK that handles adding Firebase Android dependencies to your Firebase C++ apps. See the Firebase C++ Samples for example usage.
### Invites
* Invites is deprecated. Please refer to https://firebase.google.com/docs/invites for details.
## Version 5.4.4 - January 18, 2019
### AdMob
* (iOS) Fixed an issue with Rewarded Video ad unit string going out of scope.
### Cloud Functions
* (Android) Fixed an issue with error handling.
## Version 5.4.3 - November 30, 2018
### Cloud Storage
* (iOS): Fixed an issue when downloading files with `GetBytes`.
## Version 5.4.2 - November 15, 2018
### Authentication
* (Android): Removed an irrelevant error about the Java class FirebaseAuthWebException.
## Version 5.4.0 - October 19, 2018
### Dynamic Links
* (Android): Fixed short link generation failing with "error 8".
### Realtime Database
* (Desktop) The Realtime Database Desktop SDK uses REST to access your database. Because of this, you must declare the indexes you use with Query::OrderByChild() on Desktop or your listeners will fail.
## Version 5.3.1 - October 3, 2018
### Invites
* (Android) Fixed an exception when the Android Minimum Version code option is used on the Android.
## Version 5.3.0 - September 20, 2018
* (iOS) The minimum supported Xcode version is 9.4.1.
### Realtime Database
* (Desktop) Fixed issues in `ChildListener`.
* (Desktop) Fixed crash that could occur if the Database was deleted while an asynchronous operation was still in progress.
### Cloud Functions
* (Android) Fixed an issue when a function returns an array.
## Version 5.2.1 - August 16, 2018
### Authentication
* Fixed a race condition that was returning the wrong Future when you called the same method twice in quick succession.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed a race condition that was returning the wrong Future when you called the same method twice in quick succession.
* (Desktop) Fixed support for `ChildListener` when used with `Query::EqualTo()`, `Query::StartAt()`, `Query::EndAt()`, `Query::LimitToFirst()` and `Query::LimitToLast()`.
* Fixed a crash in DatabaseReference/Query copy assignment operator and copy constructor.
## Version 5.2.0 - July 20, 2018
* (Android) Fixed a null reference in the Google Play Services availability checker.
### Authentication
* (Android) Fixed a crash in `User::UpdatePhoneNumberCredential()`.
### Realtime Database
* Added a version of `GetInstance()` that allows passing in the URL of the database to use.
### Cloud Functions
* Added a way to specify which region to run the function in.
### FCM
* Changed `Subscribe()` and `Unsubscribe()` to return a Future.
## Version 5.1.1 - June 27, 2018
* Updated Android and iOS dependency versions only.
## Version 5.1.0 - June 22, 2018
### Cloud Functions
* Added support for Cloud Functions on iOS, Android, and desktop.
### Analytics
* Added `ResetAnalyticsData()` to clear all analytics data for an app from the device.
* Added `GetAppInstanceId()` which allows developers to retrieve the current app's analytics instance ID.
### Authentication
* Linking a credential with a provider that has already been linked now produces an error.
* (iOS) Fixed crashes in `User::LinkAndRetrieveDataWithCredential()` and `User::ReauthenticateAndRetrieveData()`.
* (iOS) Fixed photo URL never returning a value on iOS.
* (Android) Fixed setting profile photo URL with `UpdateUserProfile()`.
### Realtime Database
* Added support for ServerValues in `SetPriority()` methods.
## Version 5.0.0 - June 5, 2018
* (Android/iOS) Library names have been prefixed with "firebase_", for example libapp.a is now libfirebase_app.a. This brings them in line with the naming scheme used on desktop, and iOS frameworks.
* (Android) Improved error handling when device is out of space.
* Removed deprecated accessor methods from Future.
### AdMob
* Removed deprecated accessor methods from BannerView and InterstitialAd.
### Authentication
* Removed deprecated accessors from Auth, Credential, User, and UserInfoInterface, including User::refresh_token().
### Realtime Database
* Removed deprecated accessors from DatabaseReference, Query, DataSnapshot, and MutableData.
### Dynamic Links
* Added a field to received dynamic links describing the strength of the match.
### FCM
* Added an optional initialization options struct. This can be used to suppress the prompt on iOS that requests permission to receive notifications at start up. Permission can be requested manually using the function firebase::messaging::RequestPermission().
### Invites
* Added OnInviteReceived to Listener base class that includes the strength of the match on the received invite as an enum. Deprecated prior function that received it as a boolean value.
### Cloud Storage
* Removed deprecated accessors from StorageReference.
* Removed Metadata::download_url() and Metadata::download_urls(). Please use StorageReference::GetDownloadUrl() instead.
## Version 4.5.1 - April 16, 2018
### Authentication
* (Desktop) Added support for accessing user metadata.
### Realtime Database
* (Desktop) Fixed a bug to make creation of database instances with invalid URLs return nullptr.
* (Desktop) Fixed an issue where incorrect values could be passed to OnChildAdded.
### FCM
* Added the SetAutoTokenRegistrationOnInitEnabled() and IsAutoTokenRegistrationOnInitEnabled() methods to enable or disable auto-token generation.
### Remote Config
* Fixed a bug causing incorrect reporting of success or failure during a Fetch().
## Version 4.5.0 - Mar 19, 2018
* (Desktop) Stub implementations of Authentication, Realtime Database, Remote Config, and Cloud Storage have been replaced with functional desktop workflow implementations on Windows, OS X, and Linux.
### AdMob
* Native Express ads have been discontinued, so `NativeExpressAdView` has been marked deprecated and will be removed in a future version.
### Authentication
* (Android) Added support for Google Play Games authentication.
* (Desktop) Stub implementation has been replaced with a functional desktop workflow implementation on Windows, OS X, and Linux.
* Fixed a race condition initializing/destroying Auth instances.
### Realtime Database
* (Desktop) Stub implementation has been replaced with a functional desktop workflow implementation on Windows, OS X, and Linux.
* (Desktop) When using Realtime Database on desktop, only one Transaction may be run on a given subtree at the same time.
* (Desktop) When using Realtime Database on desktop, data persistence is not available.
### Remote Config
* (Desktop) Stub implementation has been replaced with a functional desktop workflow implementation on Windows, OS X, and Linux.
### Cloud Storage
* (Desktop) Stub implementation has been replaced with a functional desktop workflow implementation on Windows, OS X, and Linux.
* Added MD5 hash to Metadata.
* Fixed a crash when deleting listeners and other object instances.
* Controller can now be used from any thread.
* (iOS) Fixed incorrect content type when uploading.
## Version 4.4.3 - Mar 5, 2018
* (iOS) Removed unresolved symbols in the App library that could cause errors when forcing resolution.
## Version 4.4.2 - Feb 23, 2018
* (Windows) Updated all static libs to suppport different C runtime libraries and correspondingly updated the package directory structure.
* (Linux) Fixed linking problems with all of the C++ stub libraries.
### Dynamic Links
* (iOS) Now fetches the invite ID when using universal links.
* (iOS) Fixed crash on failure of dynamic link completion.
* (iOS) Fixed an issue where some errors weren't correctly reported.
### Invites
* Fixed SendInvite never completing in the stub implementation.
### Remote Config
* Remote Config (iOS) Fixed an issue where some errors weren't correctly reported.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed Metadata::content_language returning the wrong data.
* (iOS) Reference paths formats are now consistent with other platforms.
* (iOS) Fixed an issue where trying to upload to a non-existent path would not complete the Future.
* (iOS) Fixed a crash when a download fails.
## Version 4.4.1 - Jan 26, 2018
### Realtime Database
* `SetPersistenceEnabled` now sets persistence enabled.
### Instance ID
* (iOS) `GetToken` no longer fails without an APNS certificate, and no longer forces registering for notifications.
## Version 4.4.0 - Jan 3, 2018
### Instance ID
* Added Instance ID library.
## Version 4.3.0 - Nov 30, 2017
### Authentication
* Added support for accessing user metadata.
### Remote Config
* (Android) Fixed `remote_config::ValueSource` conversion.
## Version 4.2.0 - Oct 2, 2017
### Analytics
* Fixed a bug which prevented the user ID and user properties being cleared.
### Authentication
* Failed operations now return more specific error codes.
* (iOS) Phone Authentication no longer requires push notifications. When push notifications aren't available, reCAPTCHA verification is used instead.
### Realtime Database
* (Android) Fixed `MutableData::children_count()`.
### FCM
* Messages sent to users can now contain a link URL.
* (Android) Fixed a bug which prevented the message ID field being set.
## Version 4.1.0 - Aug 23, 2017
* Added `std::function` support to `Future::OnCompletion`, to allow use of C++11 lambdas with captures.
* Futures are now invalidated when their underlying Firebase API is destroyed.
* Updated to iOS 4.1.0 SDK and Android 11.2.0 SDK.
### AdMob
* (iOS) Fixed a crash if a BannerView is deleted while a call to `Destroy()` is still pending.
### Realtime Database
* Added a context pointer to `DatabaseReference::RunTransaction`, as well as `std::function` support to allow use of C++11 lambdas with captures.
* `DataSnapshot`, `DatabaseReference`, `Query`, and other objects are invalidated when their `Database` instance is destroyed.
### FCM
* Added `PollableListener` to make it easier to poll for messages in an update loop.
* (Android) Fixed a bug where `message_type` was not set in the Message struct.
* (iOS) Fixed a race condition if a message is received before FCM is initialized.
* (iOS) Fixed a bug detecting whether the notification was opened if the app was running in the background.
### Remote Config
* When listing keys, the list now includes keys with defaults set, even if they were not present in the fetched config.
### Cloud Storage
* `StorageReference` objects are invalidated when their Storage instance is destroyed.
## Version 4.0.3 - Aug 1, 2017
* (iOS) Fixed an issue which resulted in custom options not being applied to firebase::App instances.
* (iOS) Fixed a bug which caused method implementation look ups to fail when other iOS SDKs rename the selectors of swizzled methods.
### Dynamic Links
* (Android) Fixed future completion if short link creation fails.
### FCM
* (iOS) Fixed message handling when messages they are received via the direct channel to the FCM backend (i.e not via APNS).
## Version 4.0.2 - Jul 7, 2017
### Analytics
* Fixed `SetCurrentScreen` to work from any thread.
### Authentication
* (iOS) Fixed an issue which incorrectly invalidated the current user if credential linking fails.
### Dynamic Links
* Fixed an issue which caused an app to sometimes crash or not receive a Dynamic Link if it's opened when the app is installed and not running.
### FCM
* (iOS) Fixed a crash when no `Listener` is set.
* Fixed `Listener::OnTokenReceived` occasionally being called twice with the same token.
## Version 4.0.1 - Jun 16, 2017
### FCM
* (Android): Fixed an issue where `Terminate()` was not correctly shutting down the FCM library.
* (iOS): Fixed an issue where library would crash on start up if there was no registration token.
### Dynamic Links and Invites
* (iOS) Fixed an issue which caused an app to not receive a Dynamic Link if it's opened when the app is installed and not running.
## Version 4.0.0 - Jun 9, 2017
* (Android) Fixed crash in some circumstances after resolving dependencies by updating Google Play services.
### Authentication
* Added support for phone number authentication.
* Added the ability to retrieve user metadata.
* Moved token notification to a separate listener object.
### Dynamic Links
* Added a standalone library separate from Invites.
### Invites
* (iOS) Fixed an issue in the Analytics SDK's method swizzling which resulted in Dynamic Links / Invites not being sent to the application.
### FCM
* (Android) Fixed a regression introduced in 3.0.3 which caused a crash when opening up a notification when the app is running in the background.
* (iOS) Fixed interoperation with other users of local notifications.
## Version 3.1.2 - May 11, 2017
### Authentication
* Fixed a crash caused by a stale memory reference when a `firebase::auth::Auth` object is destroyed and then recreated for the same `App` object.
* Fixed a potential memory corruption when `AuthStateListener` is destroyed.
## Version 3.1.1 - May 9, 2017
* (Android) Fixed a crash in the Google Play services updater that occurred when clicking outside of the dialog on Android 4.x devices.
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue that caused users to be invalidated when a linking credential fails.
* Deprecated the `User::refresh_token()` method.
### FCM
* (Android) Resolved an issue which caused an app to receive an empty message when a notification message is received while the app is in the background and the user then taps on the app icon rather than on the notification message.
### Invites
* (iOS) Fixed an issue which resulted in the app delegate method `application:openURL:sourceApplication:annotation:` not being called when linking the invites library.
### Cloud Storage
* Modified the API so that it's possible to construct metadata without a storage reference.
## Version 3.1.0 - March 8, 2017
### Cloud Storage
* Added an overload for `Storage::GetInstance()` that accepts a `gs://...` URL, so you can use Cloud Storage with multiple buckets.
### Invites
* (Android) Fixed an issue where invitations with empty links would fail to be received.
## Version 3.0.0 - February 27, 2017
* Renamed and deprecated methods that were inconsistent with the Google C++ Style Guide. Deprecated methods will be removed in a future release (approximately 2-3 releases from now).
### Analytics
* Added `SetCurrentScreen()`.
### Authentication
* Fixed a race condition accessing user data in callbacks.
* (Android) Added `is_valid()` to check if a credential returned by `GetCredential()` is valid.
### Invites
* (Android) Added a `Fetch()` function to fetch incoming invitations at times other than application start. You must call this on Android when your app returns to the foreground (on iOS, this is handled automatically).
* (iOS) Fixed regression since 2.1.1 that broke Invites if the AppDelegate did not implement the open URL method.
### FCM
* Added a field to `firebase::messaging::Message` specifying whether the message was received when the app was in the background.
* (Android) Added an AAR file containing the Android manifest changes needed for receiving notifications. You can add this to your project instead of modifying the manifest directly.
* (iOS) Fixed regression since 2.1.1 that broke FCM on iOS 8 & 9 when an AppDelegate did not implement remote notification methods.
### Remote Config
* Added support for initializing Remote Config defaults from `firebase::Variant` values, including binary data.
## Version 2.1.3 - February 6, 2017
* Fixed a potential deadlock when running callbacks registered via `firebase::Future::OnCompletion`.
### Authentication
* (Android) Fixed an error in `firebase::auth::User::PhotoUri`.
### FCM
* (iOS) Removed hard dependency on Xcode 8.
* (Android) Fixed an issue where the application would receive an empty message on startup.
## Version 2.1.2 - January 20, 2017
### AdMob
* (Android) Fixed an issue in `firebase::admob::InterstitialAd` that caused a crash after displaying multiple interstitial ads.
## Version 2.1.1 - January 18, 2017
### Authentication
* (Android) Fixed an issue that caused a future to never complete when signing in while a user is already signed in.
### FCM
* (iOS) Fixed an issue with method swizzling that caused some of the application's `UIApplicationDelegate` methods to not be called.
* (iOS) Fixed an issue which caused a crash when initializing the library when building with Xcode 8 for iOS 10.
### Invites
* (iOS) Fixed an issue with method swizzling that caused some of the application's `UIApplicationDelegate` methods to not be called.
## Version 2.1.0 - December 9, 2016
### Cloud Storage
* Added a C++ client library for Cloud Storage. To get started, see Get Started with Cloud Storage for C++.
* (Android) Pausing and resuming storage operations will cause the data transfer to fail with the error code `kErrorUnknown`.
### Authentication
* Added a check for saved user credentials when Authentication is initialized.
## Version 2.0.0 - November 7, 2016
### AdMob
* Added support for AdMob Native Express Ads.
### Authentication
* Added the `AuthStateListener` class that provides notifications when a user is logged in or logged out.
### Realtime Database
* Added a C++ client library for Realtime Database. To get started, see Get Started with Firebase Realtime Database for C++.
### Invites
* Made breaking changes to simplify the Invites API. To learn more, see the Invites C++ API overview
## Version 1.2.1 - October 3, 2016
### Cloud Messaging
* (Android) Fixed a bug that prevented apps from terminating properly.
* (iOS) Added missing copy constructor implementation in iOS and stub libraries.
### Version 1.2.0 - September 21, 2016
* (Android) Added `firebase::ModuleInitializer`, a helper class to initialize Firebase modules and handle any missing dependency on Google Play services.
### Cloud Messaging
* Added `firebase::messaging::Notification` and associated methods to allow retrieval of the contents of a notification.
* (iOS) Added support for iOS 10 notifications.
* (Android) Fixed an issue that caused a crash if Cloud Messaging was initialized before the native library was loaded.
### Authentication
* (Android) Added new API methods, `User::SendEmailVerification()` and `User::EmailVerified()` to verify a user's email address.
### Remote Config
* Added `GetKeys()` and `GetKeysByPrefix()` methods to allow developers to find parameter keys based on a key prefix.
### Invites
* (iOS) Fixed an issue that could potentially crash an app during shutdown when the `InvitesReceiver::Fetch()` method is pending.
* Fixed an issue that occurred when initializing `InvitesSender` and `InvitesReceiver` simultaneously.
### AdMob
* Added the Rewarded Video Mediation feature to the C++ SDK. For more information, see the Rewarded Video C++ guide.
* You can now pass your AdMob App ID to `firebase::admob::Initialize()` to help reduce latency for the initial ad request.
* (iOS) You must now call `BannerView::Show()` to display an ad. Previously, this was only required on Android.
* Fixed an issue where `BannerView::Listener()` received an incorrect bounding box.
## Version 1.1.0 - August 1, 2016
### App
* Added utility functions to check whether Google Play services is available. See `google_play_services::CheckAvailability()` and `google_play_services::MakeAvailable()` for more information.
* `App::Create()` will no longer check for Google Play services, nor will it return `nullptr`. It will always return an App, and the individual Firebase features will check for Google Play services at initialization if required.
### Analytics
* Fixed a crash that occurs when logging string events.
### Authentication
* `firebase::auth::GetAuth()` now has an option to return a result that indicates whether initialization was successful, and to return `nullptr` if initialization failed.
### Firebase Cloud Messaging
* `firebase::messaging::Initialize()` now returns a result that indicates whether initialization was successful.
### Invites
Note: Dynamic Links uses the Invites SDK.
* Added `firebase::invites::Initialize()`, which you must call once prior to creating `InvitesSender` or `InvitesReceiver` instances. This function returns a result that indicates whether initialization was successful.
* If you call `InvitesReceiver::Fetch()` or `InvitesReceiver::ConvertInvitation()` without first calling `firebase::invites::Initialize()`, the operation will never complete. To work around this issue, ensure that `firebase::invites::Initialize()` is called once before creating any `InvitesReceiver` instances.
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### Remote Config
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### AdMob
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## Version 1.0.1 - June 27, 2016
This update includes a variety of documentation updates and minor bug fixes.
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fixes are described below:
* Modified `firebase::App` to check for the required version of Google Play services on creation to prevent `firebase::App` creation from failing if a user's device is out of date. If Google Play services is out of date, a dialog will prompt the user to install a new version. With the previous version of this SDK, you needed needed to manually check for an up-to-date Google Play services SDK using `GoogleApiClient`.
### AdMob
* Fixed a potential deadlock when using SetListener from a notification callback in `firebase::admob::InterstitialAd` and `firebase::admob::BannerView` on iOS.
* Fixed a race condition on destruction of `admob::BannerView` on Android.
* Fixed `Future` handle leak. An internal memory leak occurred for objects or modules that use futures for the lifetime of the object or module. For example, during the lifetime of a `BannerView` object, each call to a method which returns a Future could potentially allocate memory which wouldn't be reclaimed until the `BannerView` object is destroyed.
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# File:JTF Caring Response.jpg
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File:JTF Caring Response.jpg
Size of this preview: 800 × 531 pixels. Other resolutions: 320 × 213 pixels |
640 × 425 pixels | 1,024 × 680 pixels | 1,280 × 850 pixels | 2,144 × 1,424
pixels.
Original file (2,144 × 1,424 pixels, file size: 720 KB, MIME type:
image/jpeg)
This is a file from the Wikimedia Commons. Information from its description
page there is shown below.
Commons is a freely licensed media file repository. You can help.
## Summary
DescriptionJTF Caring Response.jpg
English: Joint Task Force Caring Response brings help to Burma. U.S, Air
Force members from Yokota Air Base, Japan, assist with the delivery of
humanitarian relief supplies for the people of Burma May 19 at Yangon
International Airport in Burma. Approximately 15,000 pounds of water, water
containers and mosquito netting were unloaded from the C-130 Hercules
aircraft. The Air Force members are part of the Joint Task Force Caring
Response, a multi-service Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief effort
for Burmese citizens devastated by a recent cyclone.
Date Taken on 19 May 2008
Source Seal of the United States Department of the Air Force.svg
This image was released by the United States Air Force with the ID
080519-F-1590C-029 (next).
This tag does not indicate the copyright status of the attached work. A normal
copyright tag is still required. See Commons:Licensing.
* * *
العربية ∙ বাংলা ∙ Deutsch ∙ Deutsch (Sie-Form) ∙ English ∙ español ∙ euskara ∙
فارسی ∙ français ∙ italiano ∙ 日本語 ∙ 한국어 ∙ македонски ∙ മലയാളം ∙ Plattdüütsch ∙
Nederlands ∙ polski ∙ پښتو ∙ português ∙ svenska ∙ Türkçe ∙ українська ∙ 简体中文
∙ 繁體中文 ∙ +/−
Flag of the United States.svg
Transferred from en:en.Wikipedia; en:File:JTF Caring Response.jpg
* transferred to Commons by User:Magnus Manske using CommonsHelper.
Author USAF photo/Senior Airman Sonya Croston
Permission
(Reusing this file) PD-USGOV-MILITARY-AIR FORCE.
Other versions
* different brightness
different brightness
* 080519-F-1590C-023
080519-F-1590C-023
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080519-F-1590C-033
* 080519-F-1590C-055
080519-F-1590C-055
## Licensing
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
Public domain
This image or file is a work of a U.S. Air Force Airman or employee, taken or
made as part of that person's official duties. As a work of the U.S. federal
government, the image or file is in the public domain in the United States.
* * *
العربية ∙ беларуская (тарашкевіца) ∙ català ∙ čeština ∙ Deutsch ∙ English ∙
español ∙ eesti ∙ فارسی ∙ suomi ∙ français ∙ italiano ∙ 日本語 ∙ 한국어 ∙ македонски
∙ മലയാളം ∙ မြန်မာဘာသာ ∙ norsk bokmål ∙ Plattdüütsch ∙ Nederlands ∙ polski ∙
português ∙ português do Brasil ∙ русский ∙ sicilianu ∙ slovenčina ∙
slovenščina ∙ српски / srpski ∙ svenska ∙ Türkçe ∙ українська ∙ Tiếng Việt ∙
中文（简体） ∙ 中文（繁體） ∙ +/−
Seal of the United States Department of the Air Force.svg
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shown may have rights that legally restrict certain re-uses unless those
depicted consent to such uses. In these cases, a model release or other
evidence of consent could protect you from infringement claims. Though not
obliged to do so, the uploader may be able to help you to obtain such
evidence. See our general disclaimer for more information.
## en.Wikipedia upload log
The en.Wikipedia description page is/was here. All following user names refer
to en.Wikipedia.
* 2008-05-30 14:07 Ndunruh 2,144×1,424 (737,600 bytes) ({{Information |Description= Joint Task Force Caring Response brings help to Burma. U.S, Air Force members from Yokota Air Base, Japan, assist with the delivery of humanitarian relief supplies for the people of Burma May 19 at Yangon International Airport)
#
### Captions
English
Add a one-line explanation of what this file represents
### Items portrayed in this file
#### depicts
#### inception
#### 19 May 2008
#### captured with
#### Nikon D2Xs
#### MIME type
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## File history
Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time.
Date/TimeThumbnailDimensionsUserComment
current10:42, 19 February 2011Thumbnail for version as of 10:42, 19 February
20112,144 × 1,424 (720 KB)File Upload Bot (Magnus Manske)
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{{Information |Description={{en|Joint Task Force Caring Response brings help
to Burma. U.S, Air Force members from Yokota Air Base, Ja
## File usage
The following pages on the English Wikipedia use this file (pages on other
projects are not listed):
* Cyclone Nargis
* Joint Task Force Caring Response
## Global file usage
The following other wikis use this file:
* Usage on zh.wikipedia.org
* 气旋纳尔吉斯
## Metadata
This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital
camera or scanner used to create or digitize it.
If the file has been modified from its original state, some details may not
fully reflect the modified file.
Image titleYangon, Burma - U.S. Air Force members from Yokota AB, Japan assist
people of Burma with the delivery of humanitarian relief supplies May 19.
Approximately 15,000 lbs of water, water containers and mosquito netting were
unloaded at Yangon International Airport. (USAF photo/Senior Airman Sonya
Croston)
Camera manufacturerNIKON CORPORATION
Camera modelNIKON D2Xs
AuthorSenior Airman Sonya Croston
Exposure time1/125 sec (0.008)
F-numberf/5.6
ISO speed rating500
Date and time of data generation18:49, 19 May 2008
Lens focal length32 mm
OrientationNormal
Horizontal resolution300 dpi
Vertical resolution300 dpi
Software usedAdobe Photoshop CS2 Macintosh
File change date and time12:37, 21 May 2008
Y and C positioningCo-sited
Custom image processingNormal process
Exposure modeManual exposure
White balanceAuto white balance
Digital zoom ratio1
Focal length in 35 mm film48 mm
Scene capture typeStandard
ContrastSoft
SaturationNormal
SharpnessNormal
Subject distance rangeUnknown
Exposure ProgramManual
Exif version2.21
Date and time of digitizing18:49, 19 May 2008
Image compression mode4
Exposure bias0
Maximum land aperture3.8 APEX (f/3.73)
Metering modePattern
Light sourceUnknown
FlashFlash fired, strobe return light detected
DateTime subseconds71
DateTimeOriginal subseconds71
DateTimeDigitized subseconds71
Color spacesRGB
Sensing methodOne-chip color area sensor
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:JTF_Caring_Response.jpg"
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# Firebase FAQ
Stay organized with collections Save and categorize content based on your
preferences.
Have other challenges or don't see your issue outlined below? Please report a
bug or request a feature and join the Stack Overflow discussions.
## Firebase projects and Firebase apps
#### What is a Firebase project?
A Firebase project is the top-level entity for Firebase. In a project, you can
register your Apple, Android, or web apps. After you register your apps with
Firebase, you can add the product-specific Firebase SDKs to your app, like
Analytics, Cloud Firestore, Crashlytics, or Remote Config.
You should register your Apple, Android, and web app variants within a single
Firebase project. You can use multiple Firebase projects to support multiple
environments, such as development, staging, and production.
Here are some resources for learning more about Firebase projects:
* Understand Firebase projects — provides brief overviews of several important concepts about Firebase projects, including their relationship with Google Cloud and the basic hierarchy of a project and its apps and resources.
* General best practices for setting up Firebase projects — provides general, high-level best practices for setting up Firebase projects and registering your apps with a project so that you have a clear development workflow that uses distinct environments.
Note that for all Firebase projects, Firebase automatically adds a label of
`firebase:enabled` within the Labels page for your project in the Google Cloud
Console. Learn more about this label in our FAQ.
#### What is a Google Cloud organization?
A Google Cloud organization is a container for Google Cloud projects
(including Firebase projects). This hierarchy enables better organization,
access management, and auditing of your Google Cloud and Firebase projects.
For more information, refer to Creating and Managing Organizations.
#### How do I add Firebase to an existing Google Cloud project?
You may have existing projects managed through the Google Cloud Console or the
Google APIs console. By default, these projects are visible in the Firebase
console, but are not considered to be Firebase projects.
To add Firebase to your existing Google Cloud project, click Add Project on
the Firebase console landing page, then select your project in the Project
name menu.
#### Why does my Google Cloud project have a label of `firebase:enabled`?
In the Labels page for your project in the Google Cloud Console, you may see a
label of `firebase:enabled` (specifically, a `Key` of `firebase` with a
`Value` of `enabled`).
Firebase automatically added this label because your project is a Firebase
project, which means that your project has Firebase-specific configurations
and services enabled for it. Learn more about the relationship between
Firebase projects and Google Cloud.
We strongly recommend that you do not modify or delete this label. This label
is used by Firebase and Google Cloud to list your Firebase projects (for
example, via the REST API `projects.list` endpoint or in menus within the
Firebase console).
Be aware that manually adding this label to your list of project labels does
NOT enable Firebase-specific configurations and services for your Google Cloud
project. To do that, you need to add Firebase via the Firebase console (or,
for advanced use cases, via the Firebase Management REST API or the Firebase
CLI).
#### Why isn't my Firebase project showing up in my list of Firebase
projects?
This FAQ is applicable if you don't see your Firebase project in the following
places:
* In a list of projects that you're viewing within the Firebase console
* In the response from calling the REST API `projects.list` endpoint
* In the response from running the Firebase CLI command `firebase projects:list`
Try these troubleshooting steps:
1. First, try accessing your project by visiting the project's URL directly. Use the following format:
`https://console.firebase.google.com/project/PROJECT-ID/overview`
2. If you can't access the project or receive permissions errors, check the following:
* Make sure that you're signed into Firebase using the same Google account that has access to the project. You can sign in and out of the Firebase console via your account avatar in the top-right corner of the console.
* Check if you can view the project in the Google Cloud Console.
* Make sure that your project has the label `firebase:enabled` in the Labels page for your project in the Google Cloud Console. Firebase and Google Cloud use this label to list your Firebase projects. If you do not see this label but the Firebase Management API is enabled for your project, then manually add the label (specifically, a `Key` of `firebase` with a `Value` of `enabled`).
* Make sure that you're assigned one of the basic IAM roles (Owner, Editor, Viewer) or a role that has Firebase-related permissions in it, for example a Firebase predefined role. You can view your role(s) in the IAM page of the Google Cloud Console.
* If your project belongs to a Google Cloud organization, you may require additional permissions to see the project listed in the Firebase console. Contact the person who manages your Google Cloud organization to give you the appropriate role to view the project, for example the Browser role.
If none of the troubleshooting steps above enable you to see your project in a
list of Firebase projects, contact Firebase Support.
#### How many projects can I have per account?
* Spark pricing plan — Your project quota is limited to a small number of projects (usually around 5-10).
* Blaze pricing plan — Your project quota per Cloud Billing account increases substantially as long as your Cloud Billing account is in good standing.
The limit on project quota is rarely a concern for most developers, but if
needed, you can request an increase in your project quota.
Note that the complete deletion of a project requires 30 days and counts
toward your quota until it is fully deleted.
#### How many Firebase Apps can I have in a Firebase project?
A Firebase project is a container for Firebase Apps across Apple, Android, and
web. Firebase restricts the total number of Firebase Apps within a Firebase
project to 30.
After this number, performance starts to degrade (especially for Google
Analytics) and eventually, at a higher number of apps, some product
functionality stops working. Additionally, adding a Firebase App to a project
creates one or more underlying OAuth 2.0 client IDs. There's a limit of around
30 client IDs that can be created within a single project.
You should ensure that all Firebase Apps within a single Firebase project are
platform variants of the same application from an end-user perspective. For
example, if you develop a white label application, each independently labeled
app should have its own Firebase project, but the Apple and Android versions
of that label can be in the same project. Read more detailed guidance in our
general best practices for setting up Firebase projects.
In the rare case your project requires more than 30 apps, you can request an
app limit increase. Your project must be on the Blaze pricing plan to make
this request. Visit the Google Cloud Console to make your request and have it
evaluated. Learn more about quota management in the Google Cloud
documentation.
#### What happens if I tag my project as a "production" environment?
In the Firebase console, you can tag your Firebase projects with their
environment type, either as Production or Unspecified (non-prod) environments.
Tagging your project as an environment type has no effect on how your Firebase
project works or its features. However, the tagging can help you and your team
manage your various Firebase projects for the app lifecycle.
If you tag your project as a production environment, we add a brightly colored
Prod tag to the project in the Firebase console, reminding you that any
changes could affect your associated production apps. In the future, we might
add more features and safeguards for Firebase projects tagged as production
environments.
To change the environment type of your Firebase project, go to settings
Project settings > General, then in the Your project card under Environment,
click edit to change the environment type.
#### Where can I find the App ID for my Firebase app?
In the Firebase console, go to your settings Project settings. Scroll down to
the Your apps card, then click on the desired Firebase App to view the app's
information, including its App ID.
Here are some example App ID values:
* Firebase iOS Apps: `1:1234567890:ios:321abc456def7890`
* Firebase Android Apps: `1:1234567890:android:321abc456def7890`
* Firebase Web Apps: `1:1234567890:web:321abc456def7890`
#### What are the prerequisites for linking Google Play / AdMob / Google Ads
/ BigQuery to my Firebase project or app?
* For linking your Google Play account, you need the following:
* Either of the following Firebase roles: Owner or Firebase Admin
and
* Either of the following Google Play access levels: account Owner or Admin
* For linking your AdMob app, you need to be both a Firebase project owner and an AdMob administrator.
* For linking your AdWords account, you need to be both a Firebase project owner and an AdWords administrator.
* For linking your BigQuery project, you need to be the Firebase project owner.
#### What open source notices should I include in my app?
On Apple platforms, the Firebase pod contains a NOTICES file which includes
the relevant entries. The Firebase Android SDK contains a helper `Activity`
for showing license information.
### Permissions and access to Firebase projects
#### How do I assign a project member a role, like the Owner role?
To manage the role(s) assigned to each project member, you must be an Owner of
the Firebase project (or be assigned a role with the permission
`resourcemanager.projects.setIamPolicy`).
Here are the places where you can assign and manage roles:
* The Firebase console offers a simplified way to assign roles to project members in the Users and permissions tab of settings > Project settings. In the Firebase console, you can assign any of the basic roles (Owner, Editor, Viewer), the Firebase Admin/Viewer roles, or any of the Firebase predefined product-category roles.
* The Google Cloud Console offers an expansive set of tools to assign roles to project members in the IAM page. In the Cloud Console, you can also create and manage custom roles, as well as give service accounts access to your project.
Note that in the Google Cloud Console, project members are called principals.
If the Owner of your project can no longer perform the tasks of an Owner (for
example, the person left your company) and your project isn't managed via a
Google Cloud organization (see next paragraph), you can contact Firebase
Support to have a temporary Owner assigned.
Note that if a Firebase project is part of a Google Cloud organization, it may
not have an Owner. If you're unable to find an Owner for your Firebase
project, contact the person who manages your Google Cloud organization to
assign an Owner for the project.
#### How do I find the Owner of a Firebase project?
You can view project members and their roles in the following places:
* If you have access to the project in the Firebase console, you can view the list of project members, including Owners, in the Users and permissions page of the Firebase console.
* If you do not have access to the project in the Firebase console, check if you have access to the project in the Google Cloud Console. You can view the list of project members, including Owners, in the IAM page of the Google Cloud Console.
If the Owner of your project can no longer perform the tasks of an Owner (for
example, the person left your company) and your project isn't managed via a
Google Cloud organization (see next paragraph), you can contact Firebase
Support to have a temporary Owner assigned.
Note that if a Firebase project is part of a Google Cloud organization, it may
not have an Owner. Instead, the person who manages your Google Cloud
organization can perform many tasks that an Owner can do. However, to perform
several Owner-specific tasks (like assigning roles or managing Google
Analytics properties), the administrator may need to assign themselves the
actual Owner role to perform those tasks. If you're unable to find an Owner
for your Firebase project, contact the person who manages your Google Cloud
organization to assign an Owner for the project.
#### Why or when should I assign a project member the Owner role?
To ensure proper management of a Firebase project, it must have an Owner. A
project's Owner is the person who can perform several important administrative
actions (like assigning roles and managing Google Analytics properties), and
Firebase Support can only fulfill administrative requests from demonstrated
project Owners.
After you set up the Owner(s) for a Firebase project, it's important to keep
those assignments up-to-date.
Note that if a Firebase project is part of a Google Cloud organization, the
person who manages your Google Cloud organization can perform many tasks that
an Owner can do. However, for several Owner-specific tasks (like assigning
roles or managing Google Analytics properties), the administrator may need to
assign themselves the actual Owner role to perform those tasks.
#### I don't think that I have a Firebase project, but I got an email about
one. How do I access this project?
The email you received should contain a link to open your Firebase project.
Clicking the link in the email should open the project in the Firebase
console.
If you're not able to open the project in the link, make sure that you're
signed into Firebase using the same Google account that received the email
about the project. You can sign in and out of the Firebase console via your
account avatar in the top-right corner of the console.
Note that if you're the administrator of a Google Cloud organization, you may
be notified about changes to Firebase projects inside your organization.
However, you may not have sufficient permissions to open the Firebase project.
In these cases, the simplest solution is to assign yourself the actual Owner
role to open the project and perform the required actions. Learn more about
why and when to assign the Owner role.
## Platforms and frameworks
Visit the platform-specific troubleshooting & FAQ pages for helpful tips and
answers for more FAQ.
* iOS+
* Android
* Unity
## Firebase console
#### What are the supported browsers for accessing the Firebase console?
The Firebase console can be accessed from recent versions of popular desktop
browsers such as Chrome, Firefox, Safari and Edge. Mobile browsers are
currently not fully supported.
#### I can load the Firebase console, but why can't I find or access my
Firebase project?
This FAQ is applicable if you're experiencing either of the following issues:
* The Firebase console returns an error page that says your project may not exist or that you don't have access to the project.
* The Firebase console doesn't display your project even when you enter its project ID or project name in the console's search field. If the Firebase console itself isn't loading for you or displays browser errors, check out the FAQ "Why is the Firebase console not loading for me?" for applicable troubleshooting steps.
Try these troubleshooting steps:
1. First, try accessing your project by visiting the project's URL directly. Use the following format:
`https://console.firebase.google.com/project/PROJECT-ID/overview`
2. If you still can't access the project or receive permissions errors, check the following:
* Make sure that you're signed into Firebase using the same Google account that has access to the project. You can sign in and out of the Firebase console via your account avatar in the top-right corner of the console.
* Make sure that the Firebase Management API is enabled for the project.
* Make sure that you're assigned one of the basic IAM roles (Owner, Editor, Viewer) or a role that has Firebase-related permissions in it, for example a Firebase predefined role. You can view your role(s) in the IAM page of the Google Cloud Console.
* If your project belongs to a Google Cloud organization, you may require additional permissions to see the project listed in the Firebase console. Contact the person who manages your Google Cloud organization to give you the appropriate role to view the project, for example the Browser role.
If none of the troubleshooting steps above enable you to find or access your
project, contact Firebase Support.
#### Why is the Firebase console not loading for me?
This FAQ is applicable if you're experiencing any of the following issues:
* A page in the Firebase console never finishes loading.
* Data within a page doesn't load as expected.
* You receive browser error messages when loading the Firebase console.
Try these troubleshooting steps:
1. Check the Console row of the Firebase Status Dashboard for any possible service interruptions.
2. Make sure that you're using a supported browser.
3. Try to load the Firebase console in an incognito or private window.
4. Disable all browser extensions.
5. Verify that the network connection is not blocked by ad blocker, antivirus, proxy, firewall, or other software.
6. Try loading the Firebase console using a different network or device.
7. If using Chrome, check the Developer Tools Console for any errors.
If none of the troubleshooting steps above resolve the issue, contact Firebase
Support.
#### How is my Firebase console language determined?
The language setting for the Firebase console is based on the language
selected in your Google account settings.
To change your language preference, see Change language.
The Firebase console supports the following languages:
* English
* Brazilian Portuguese
* French
* German
* Indonesian
* Japanese
* Korean
* Russian
* Simplified Chinese
* Spanish
* Traditional Chinese
#### What roles and permissions does the Firebase console support?
The Firebase console and Google Cloud Console use the same underlying roles
and permissions. Learn more about roles and permissions in the Firebase IAM
documentation.
Firebase supports the fundamental (basic) roles of Owner, Editor, and Viewer:
* A project Owner can add other members to the project, set up integrations (project linking to services like BigQuery or Slack), and has full edit access for the project.
* A project Editor has full edit access for the project.
* A project Viewer has only read access for the project. Note that the Firebase console currently does not hide/disable edit UI controls from project Viewers, but these operations will fail for project members assigned the Viewer role.
Firebase also supports:
* Firebase predefined roles — Curated Firebase-specific roles that enable more granular access control than the basic roles of Owner, Editor, and Viewer.
* Custom roles — Fully customized IAM roles that you create to tailor a set of permissions that meet the specific requirements of your organization.
To manage Firebase integrations with other Google products and services (for
example, AdMob, Google Analytics, or Google Play), you may need additional
permissions, roles, or access levels that are managed within those specific
products and services. To learn more, review the documentation for the
specific integration.
## Pricing
As of February 2022, Firebase has retired the Flame pricing plan.
Projects can no longer switch to or sign-up for the Flame plan, and existing
projects have been downgraded to the Spark pricing plan. Learn more.
#### Which products are paid? Which are no-cost?
Firebase's paid infrastructure products are the Realtime Database, Cloud
Storage for Firebase, Cloud Functions, Hosting, Test Lab, and phone
authentication. We offer a no-cost tier for all of these features.
Firebase also has many no-cost products: Analytics, Cloud Messaging, the
Notifications composer, Remote Config, App Indexing, Dynamic Links, and Crash
Reporting. You can use an unlimited amount of any of these products in all
plans, including our no-cost Spark plan. In addition, all Authentication
features beyond phone authentication are no-cost.
#### Does Firebase offer no-cost trial credits for paid products?
Firebase paid services can be used under the Google Cloud Free Trial. New
Google Cloud and Firebase users can take advantage of a 90-day trial period
that includes $300 in free Cloud Billing credits to explore and evaluate
Google Cloud and Firebase products and services.
During the Google Cloud Free Trial period, you'll be provided a Free Trial
Cloud Billing account. Any Firebase project that uses that billing account
will be on the Blaze pricing plan during the free trial period.
Don't worry, setting up this Free Trial Cloud Billing account does not enable
us to charge you. You are not charged unless you explicitly enable billing by
upgrading your Free Trial Cloud Billing account to a paid account. You can
upgrade to a paid account at any time during the trial. After you've upgraded,
you can still use any remaining credits (within the 90-day period).
Once the free trial expires, you'll need to either downgrade your project to
the Spark pricing plan or set up the Blaze pricing plan in the Firebase
console to continue using your Firebase project.
Learn more about the Google Cloud Free Trial.
#### How do I know which pricing plan is right for me?
##### Spark pricing plan
Our Spark plan is a great place to develop your app at no cost. You get all
the no-cost Firebase features (Analytics, the Notifications composer,
Crashlytics, and so on) and generous amounts of our paid infrastructure
features. However, if you exceed your Spark plan resources in a calendar
month, your app will be shut off for the remainder of that month. In addition,
Google Cloud features are not available when using the Spark plan.
##### Blaze pricing plan
Our Blaze plan is designed for production apps. The Blaze plan also allows you
to extend your app with paid Google Cloud features. You pay only for the
resources that you consume, allowing you to scale with demand. We strive to
make our Blaze plan prices competitive with industry-leading cloud providers.
#### How can I monitor my usage and billing?
You can track your usage of project resources in the Firebase console on any
of the following dashboards:
* Overall project-level Usage and billing dashboard
* Authentication Usage dashboard (specifically for Phone authentication instances)
* Cloud Firestore Usage dashboard
* Cloud Functions Usage dashboard
* Cloud Storage Usage dashboard
* Hosting Usage dashboard
* Realtime Database Usage dashboard
#### What happened to the Flame pricing plan?
As of February 2022, Firebase has retired the Flame pricing plan.
Projects can no longer switch to or sign-up for the Flame plan, and existing
projects have been downgraded to the Spark pricing plan. Learn more.
In January 2020, the Flame pricing plan ($25/mo of additional quota) was
removed as an option for new sign-ups. Existing plan users were granted a
grace period to migrate their projects off the Flame plan. In February 2022,
the remaining projects on the Flame pricing plan were downgraded to the Spark
pricing plan.
Accordingly,
* Existing Spark and Blaze plan projects and any new projects can no longer switch to or sign up for the Flame plan.
* If you moved an existing Flame plan project to a different pricing plan, the project cannot return to the Flame plan.
* Projects downgraded to the Spark plan can be upgraded to the Blaze plan to resume additional paid services.
* References to the Flame plan have been removed from documentation.
Do you have more questions about the Flame plan retirement? Read some of the
additional FAQs below.
Want to learn about the other pricing plans offered by Firebase? Visit our
Firebase pricing page! If you'd like to start moving any existing projects to
another pricing plan, you can do that in the Firebase console for your
project.
##### Additional FAQs about the Flame plan retirement
I have a project or a process or a business model that relies on a fixed
Firebase cost. What should I do?
Sign up for the Blaze pricing plan, and make sure to set budget alerts.
May I be given special access to create new Flame plan projects?
No, Firebase isn't offering special access for projects to switch to or sign-
up for the Flame plan.
I changed my Flame plan project to a different pricing plan. How do I change
it back?
Switching to the Flame plan is no longer possible. For access to services
provided by the Flame plan, make sure that you're using the Blaze pricing
plan, and consider setting up budget alerts for your project.
My project was automatically switched to a different pricing plan as part of
the Flame plan retirement. What should I do?
If your project requires additional quota beyond what is provided with the
Spark plan, you'll need to upgrade your project to the Blaze pricing plan.
Why is the Flame plan being retired?
Over the years, we've seen declining usage of the Flame plan, and most
projects that use the plan are not consuming its full value. Maintaining this
pricing plan is generally not cost-effective, and we feel that we can serve
everyone better if resources went to other Firebase initiatives.
#### How is the no-cost usage in the Blaze plan different from the no-cost
usage in the Spark plan?
No-cost usage on the Blaze plan is calculated daily. Usage limits also differ
from the Spark plan for Cloud Functions, phone authentication, and Test Lab.
For Cloud Functions, no-cost usage on the Blaze plan is calculated at the
Cloud Billing account level, not the project level and has the following
limits:
* 2M invocations/month
* 400K GB-seconds/month
* 200K CPU-seconds/month
* 5 GB of networking egress/month
For phone authentication, no-cost usage on the Blaze plan is calculated
monthly.
For Test Lab, no-cost usage on the Blaze plan has the following limits:
* 30 physical device minutes/day
* 60 virtual device minutes/day
#### Does the no-cost usage quota reset when I change from a Spark to a Blaze
plan?
No-cost usage from the Spark plan is included in the Blaze plan. No-cost usage
does not reset when moving to a Blaze plan.
#### What is a "simultaneous database connection"?
A simultaneous connection is equivalent to one mobile device, browser tab, or
server app connected to the database. Firebase imposes hard limits on the
number of simultaneous connections to your app's database. These limits are in
place to protect both Firebase and our users from abuse.
The Spark plan limit is 100 and cannot be raised. The Flame and Blaze plans
have a limit of 200,000 simultaneous connections per database.
This limit isn't the same as the total number of users of your app, because
your users don't all connect at once. If you need more than 200,000
simultaneous connections, please read Scale with Multiple Databases.
As of February 2022, Firebase has retired the Flame pricing plan.
Projects can no longer switch to or sign-up for the Flame plan, and existing
projects have been downgraded to the Spark pricing plan. Learn more.
#### What happens if I exceed Spark plan storage or download limits for
Realtime Database?
To provide you with a predictable price, the resources available to you in the
Spark plans are capped. This means that when you exceed any plan limit in any
month, your app will be turned off to prevent any further resource usage and
additional charges.
As of February 2022, Firebase has retired the Flame pricing plan.
Projects can no longer switch to or sign-up for the Flame plan, and existing
projects have been downgraded to the Spark pricing plan. Learn more.
#### What happens if I exceed Spark plan simultaneous connection limits for
Realtime Database?
When your app reaches its concurrency limit on the Spark plan, any subsequent
connections will be rejected until some of the existing connections are
closed. The app will continue to work for users who are connected.
#### What happens if I exceed Spark plan upload, download or storage limits
for Cloud Storage?
When you exceed limits for Cloud Storage in a project on the Spark plan, the
result depends on the type of limit that you exceed:
* If you exceed the GB stored limit, you will not be able to store any more data in that project unless you remove some of the data stored or upgrade to a plan that provides more storage space, or unlimited storage space.
* If you exceed the GB downloaded limit, your app will not be able to download more data until the next day (starting at midnight, US Pacific Time), unless you upgrade to a plan with less restrictive limits, or with no limits.
* If you exceed the upload or download operations limit, your app will not be able to upload or download more data until the next day (starting at midnight, US Pacific Time), unless you upgrade to a plan with less restrictive limits, or with no limits.
As of February 2022, Firebase has retired the Flame pricing plan.
Projects can no longer switch to or sign-up for the Flame plan, and existing
projects have been downgraded to the Spark pricing plan. Learn more.
#### How does Firebase's integration with Google Cloud work?
Firebase is deeply integrated with Google Cloud. Projects are shared between
Firebase and Google Cloud, so projects can have Firebase services and Google
Cloud services enabled. You can access the same project from the Firebase
console or the Google Cloud Console. Specifically:
* Certain Firebase products are backed directly by Google Cloud, such as Cloud Storage for Firebase. The list of products backed by Google Cloud will continue to grow over time.
* Many of your settings, including collaborators and billing information, are shared by Firebase and Google Cloud. Your usage of both Firebase and Google Cloud appears on the same bill.
In addition, when you upgrade to the Blaze plan, you can use any of Google
Cloud's world-class Infrastructure-as-a-Service and APIs directly inside your
Firebase project, at standard Google Cloud pricing. You can also export data
from Google Cloud directly to BigQuery for analysis. To learn more, see Link
BigQuery with Firebase.
There are many security-enhancing, latency-improving, and time-saving benefits
to using Google Cloud with Firebase (versus other, cloud services that are not
co-located). Check out the Google Cloud site for more details.
#### What happens to my Firebase project if I add or remove billing accounts
for that project in the Google Cloud Console?
If a Cloud Billing account is added to a project in the Google Cloud Console,
the same project will automatically be upgraded to the Firebase Blaze plan if
that project is currently on the Spark plan.
In contrast, if an existing active Cloud Billing account is removed from a
project in the Google Cloud Console, that project will be downgraded to the
Firebase Spark plan.
As of February 2022, Firebase has retired the Flame pricing plan.
Projects can no longer switch to or sign-up for the Flame plan, and existing
projects have been downgraded to the Spark pricing plan. Learn more.
#### Can I upgrade, downgrade, or cancel at any time?
Yes, you can upgrade, downgrade, or cancel at any time. Note that we don't
provide prorated refunds for downgrades or cancellations. This means that if
you downgrade or cancel before the end of your billing period, you still pay
for the remainder of the month.
#### What kind of support will I receive?
All Firebase apps, including those using no-cost plans, come with email
support from Firebase staff during US Pacific business hours. All accounts
have unlimited support for billing-related issues, account-related issues,
technical (troubleshooting) questions, and incident reports.
#### Can I cap usage on the Blaze plan?
No, you cannot currently cap your Blaze plan usage. We are evaluating options
for supporting caps on Blaze plan usage.
Blaze users can define a budget for their project or account, and receive
alerts as their spending approaches those limits. Learn how to set up budget
alerts.
#### What are automated backups? Do you offer hourly backups?
Automated backups are an advanced feature for customers on our Blaze pricing
plan that backs up your Firebase Realtime Database data once a day and uploads
it to Google Cloud Storage.
We do not offer hourly backups.
#### Do you offer open-source, nonprofit, or educational discounts?
Our Spark plan can be used by any type of individual or organization,
including nonprofits, schools, and open-source projects. Since these plans
already include generous quotas, we don't offer any special discounts or plans
for open-source, nonprofit, or educational projects.
As of February 2022, Firebase has retired the Flame pricing plan.
Projects can no longer switch to or sign-up for the Flame plan, and existing
projects have been downgraded to the Spark pricing plan. Learn more.
#### Do you offer enterprise contracts, pricing, support, or dedicated
infrastructure hosting?
Our Blaze plan is suitable for enterprises of all sizes, and our SLA meets or
exceeds the industry standard for cloud infrastructure. However, we do not
currently offer enterprise contracts, pricing, or support, nor do we offer
dedicated infrastructure hosting (that is, on-premises installations) for
services like our Realtime Database. We are hard at work adding some of these
features.
#### Do you offer ad-hoc pricing? I only want pay-as-you-go for one or two
features.
We offer ad-hoc pricing in the Blaze plan, where you pay only for the features
you use.
#### How do the paid Firebase plans work with Ads? Are there no-cost
advertising credits with paid plans?
The Firebase pricing plans are separate from Ads, so there are no advertising
credits without cost. As a Firebase developer, you are able to "link" your Ads
account to Firebase to support conversion tracking.
All ads campaigns are managed directly in Ads, and Ads billing is managed from
the Ads console.
### Cloud Functions pricing
#### Why do I need a billing account to use Cloud Functions for Firebase?
Cloud Functions for Firebase relies on some paid Google services. New function
deployments with Firebase CLI 11.2.0 and higher rely on Cloud Build and
Artifact Registry. Deployments to older versions use Cloud Build in the same
way, but rely on Container Registry and Cloud Storage for storage instead of
Artifact Registry. Usage of these services will be billed in addition to
existing pricing.
Storage space for Firebase CLI 11.2.0 and newer versions
Artifact Registry provides the containers in which functions run. Artifact
Registry provides the first 500MB at no cost, so your first function
deployments may not incur any fees. Above that threshold, each additional GB
of storage is billed at $0.10 per month.
Storage space for Firebase CLI 11.1.x and prior versions
For functions deployed to older versions, Container Registry, provides the
containers in which functions run. You'll be billed for each container
required to deploy a function. You may notice small charges for each container
stored—for example, 1GB of storage is billed at $0.026 per month.
To understand more about how your bill might change, please review the
following
* Cloud Functions pricing: existing no-cost tier is unchanged.
* Cloud Build pricing: Cloud Build provides for a no-cost tier.
* Artifact Registry pricing.
* Container Registry pricing.
#### Does Cloud Functions for Firebase still have no-cost usage?
Yes. On the Blaze plan, Cloud Functions provides a no-cost tier for
invocations, compute time, and internet traffic. The first 2,000,000
invocations, 400,000 GB-sec, 200,000 CPU-sec, and 5 GB of Internet egress
traffic is provided at no cost each month. You'll be charged only for usage
above those thresholds.
After the first 500MB of no-cost storage, each deployment operation will incur
small-scale charges for the storage space used for the function's container.
If your development process depends on deploying functions for testing, you
can further minimize costs by using the Firebase Local Emulator Suite during
development.
See Firebase Pricing plans and the Cloud Functions Pricing example scenarios.
#### Is Firebase planning to raise the quotas and limits for Cloud Functions
for Firebase?
No. There are no plans to change the quotas except for the removal of a
maximum build time limit; instead of receiving errors or warnings when the
daily build quota of 120 minutes is reached, you'll be billed under the terms
of the Blaze pricing plan. See Quotas and limits.
#### Can I get the Google Cloud $300 credit?
Yes, you can create a Cloud Billing account in the Google Cloud Console to get
the $300 credit, then link that Cloud Billing account to a Firebase project.
More about the Google Cloud credit here.
Note that if you do this, you have to then set up the Blaze pricing plan in
the Firebase console in order for your project to continue working after the
$300 credit is exhausted.
#### I want to follow a codelab to learn about Firebase. Can you give me a
temporary billing account?
No, sorry. You can use the Firebase emulator for development without having a
Cloud Billing account. Alternatively, try applying for a Google Cloud free
trial. If you're still having trouble paying your bill because of this change,
contact Firebase Support.
#### I'm worried I'm going to rack up a huge bill.
You can set up budget alerts in the Google Cloud Console to help control
costs. Also, you can set limits on the number of billed instances created for
each of your functions. To get an idea of costing for typical scenarios, see
the Cloud Functions Pricing examples.
#### How can I check my current billing charges?
View the Usage and billing dashboard in the Firebase console.
#### I use Firebase Extensions. Do I need a billing account?
Yes. Since extensions use Cloud Functions, extensions will be subject to the
same charges as other functions.
To use extensions, you will need to upgrade to the Blaze pricing plan. You
will be charged a small amount (typically around $0.01 per month for the
Firebase resources required by each extension you install (even if they are
not used), in addition to any charges associated with your use of Firebase
services.
## Privacy
#### Where can I find information about privacy and security in Firebase?
Check out the page Privacy and Security in Firebase.
#### Do the Firebase SDKs log any usage/diagnostic information outside of
Analytics?
Yes. This is currently iOS-only, but may change in the future. The Firebase
Apple platforms SDK includes the `FirebaseCoreDiagnostics` framework by
default. This framework is used by Firebase to collect SDK usage and
diagnostics information to help prioritize future product enhancements.
`FirebaseCoreDiagnostics` is optional, so if you would like to opt out of
sending Firebase diagnostic logs, you can do so by unlinking the library from
your application. You can browse the full source, including logged values, on
GitHub
## A/B Testing
#### A/B Testing: How many experiments can I create and run?
You are allowed up to 300 experiments per project, which could consist of up
to 24 running experiments, with the rest as draft or completed.
#### A/B Testing: Why can’t I view my experiments after unlinking and re-
linking my project to Google Analytics?
Linking to a different Google Analytics property will cause you to lose access
to experiments created beforehand. To regain access to a previous experiment,
re-link your project to the Google Analytics property that was linked when the
experiment was created.
## AdMob
#### AdMob: Can I link my Windows apps to Firebase?
No, Windows apps are not currently supported.
#### AdMob: Why can't I link my app to AdMob from the Firebase console?
You can link an AdMob app to a Firebase app via the AdMob console. Learn how.
#### AdMob: What permissions or access do I need to link a Firebase app to an
AdMob app?
In order to do this linking, you need the following access:
* AdMob: You need to be an AdMob admin.
* Firebase: You must have the `firebase.links.create` permission, which is included in the Owner role and the Firebase Admin role.
* Google Analytics: You must have the Edit role or Manage Users role for the property associated with the Firebase project. Learn more.
#### AdMob: Can multiple users in the same AdMob account link AdMob apps and
Firebase apps?
For multi-user AdMob accounts, the user who created the first Firebase link
and accepted the Firebase Terms of Service is the only user who can create new
links between AdMob apps and Firebase apps.
#### AdMob: To use AdMob, should I use the Firebase SDK for AdMob or the
Google Mobile Ads SDK?
* For iOS projects, use the Google Mobile Ads SDK:
`pod 'Google-Mobile-Ads-SDK'`
* For Android projects, use the Google Mobile Ads SDK:
`implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-ads:21.5.0'`
Note that the Firebase Android SDKs for AdMob transitively include the
Firebase SDK for Google Analytics. So, if your app calls any Google Analytics
APIs and you switch to using the Google Mobile Ads SDK, make sure that you
explicitly add the dependency for the Firebase SDK for Google Analytics
(`com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics`) to your app's `build.gradle` file.
* For C++ projects and Unity projects, follow the instructions in the respective documentation.
## Analytics
#### Analytics: Why is Google Analytics a recommended part of using Firebase
products?
Google Analytics is a free and unlimited analytics solution that works with
Firebase features to deliver powerful insights. It enables you to view event
logs in Crashlytics, notification effectiveness in FCM, deep link performance
for Dynamic Links, and in-app purchase data from Google Play. It powers
advanced audience targeting in Remote Config, Remote Config personalization,
and more.
Google Analytics acts as a layer of intelligence in the Firebase console to
provide you with more actionable insights about how to develop a high quality
app, grow your user base, and earn more money.
To get started, read the documentation.
#### Analytics: How do I control how my Analytics data is shared with the
rest of Firebase?
By default, your Google Analytics data is used to enhance other Firebase and
Google features. You can control how your Google Analytics data is shared in
your project settings anytime. Learn more about Data sharing settings.
#### Analytics in my iOS app: Can I install Analytics without ad attribution
and IDFA collection features?
Yes. See the Configure Data Collection and Usage page for more details.
#### Analytics: Why don't I see any data after unlinking my app from Google
Analytics?
Your analytics data resides within the Google Analytics property - not within
the Firebase project. If you delete or unlink the property, then your data is
unlinked from your project as well. The data still resides in that property,
however, and you can always relink it to your project.
Creating a new Google Analytics account (and new property) will result in
having a blank analytics dashboard in the Firebase console.
#### Analytics: How do I segment users who have not met some criterion?
You can reframe the problem by "negatively targeting" these users. For
example, reframe the problem as "Don't show ads to people who have bought
something", and form an audience of those users to target.
#### Analytics: Are audiences and/or events defined in the Google Analytics
interface also available in the Firebase console?
Your audiences and user properties will be synced. For some features, you'll
need to use the Google Analytics interface, such as segmentation and closed
funnels. You can access the Google Analytics interface directly via deep-links
from the Firebase console.
Any changes you make from the Firebase console can also be performed in Google
Analytics, and those changes will be reflected in Firebase.
#### Analytics: What changed in the Google Analytics section with the October
2021 update?
You can find a summary of these changes in the Firebase Help Center article
New Google Analytics 4 functionality in Google Analytics for Firebase.
### Upgrading your Analytics property
#### Analytics: What is the new fully upgraded Google Analytics account?
You can read more about the new Google Analytics upgrade in our blog post.
#### Analytics: How do I know if I'm using Google Analytics for Firebase or a
fully upgraded Google Analytics account?
If you see a link to "View your data in Google Analytics" from the analytics
dashboard in the Firebase console, then your project is using a fully upgraded
Google Analytics account.
You can also check by viewing the Google Analytics card in the Firebase
console (you can access this from settings > Project Settings > Integrations,
then click Manage). If you see a Linked Google Analytics account listed in the
Your Google Analytics property section, your project is using the full Google
Analytics experience in Firebase. If you do not see a Linked Google Analytics
account, your project is using Google Analytics for Firebase.
#### Analytics: When must I upgrade my Google Analytics for Firebase property
to retain service?
Any Firebase project created before July 31, 2019 must be upgraded to the full
Google Analytics 4 experience if it hasn't already. (Banners display in the
Analytics dashboard if an upgrade is required.) The associated Terms of
Service must be accepted by February 15, 2022 to ensure data collection
continues and by March 15, 2022 to prevent the deletion of the Analytics
property and its data. If you no longer want to use Google Analytics and the
associated data, no action is required and the property will be deleted on
March 15, 2022.
Failure to accept the new Google Analytics Terms of Service will disrupt
Firebase features, including Crash-Free Users (Crashlytics), targeted
Configurations and Remote Config personalization, A/B Testing features,
Targeting and Campaign Metrics (Cloud Messaging). It will also disrupt Google
Analytics for Firebase Integrations, including Exporting project data to
BigQuery, Google Ads Integrations, and AdMob Integrations.
If you have questions about accessing your Firebase project, including finding
or assigning an Owner, review the Permissions and access to Firebase projects
FAQs.
#### Analytics: What will happen to my data when I upgrade to the new Google
Analytics for Firebase?
This will not affect your existing Firebase project analytics data in the
Firebase console.
You will be able to continue using the same dashboard and workflows you are
using today, and you will also have access to some advanced features in Google
Analytics.
Note that if you decide to enable cross-device reporting after making the
upgrade, your data will be de-duplicated using the UserID. This may decrease
some user counts in the Firebase console.
#### Analytics: Why do I get an error when trying to upgrade my project to
the new Google Analytics experience?
If you are experiencing an error when upgrading, such as:
The operation has failed (Reason: Requested entity
already exists)
or
The operation has failed (Reason: Precondition check failed)
This means that there is an association between your project and an already
existing Google Analytics property. You can unlink the property, delete it, or
upgrade through the Google Analytics interface.
If this is still an issue, you can use the REST API to unlink by using the
`removeAnalytics` method, then use the `addGoogleAnalytics` method to link a
new property.
You can then move the data from one property to another.
## Authentication
#### Firebase Authentication: Which countries are supported for phone
authentication?
Firebase Authentication supports phone number verification across the the
world, but not all networks reliably deliver our verification messages. The
following countries have good rates of delivery, and should be expected to
work well for phone number sign in.
Country Code
ADAndorra
AEUnited Arab Emirates
AFAfghanistan
AGAntigua and Barbuda
ALAlbania
AMArmenia
AOAngola
ARArgentina
ASAmerican Samoa
ATAustria
AUAustralia
AWAruba
AZAzerbaijan
BABosnia and Herzegovina
BBBarbados
BDBangladesh
BEBelgium
BFBurkina Faso
BGBulgaria
BJBenin
BMBermuda
BNBrunei Darussalam
BOBolivia
BRBrazil
BSBahamas
BTBhutan
BWBotswana
BYBelarus
BZBelize
CACanada
CDCongo, (Kinshasa)
CFCentral African Republic
CGCongo (Brazzaville)
CHSwitzerland
CICôte d'Ivoire
CKCook Islands
CLChile
CMCameroon
COColombia
CRCosta Rica
CVCape Verde
CWCuraçao
CYCyprus
CZCzech Republic
DEGermany
DJDjibouti
DKDenmark
DMDominica
DODominican Republic
DZAlgeria
ECEcuador
EGEgypt
ESSpain
ETEthiopia
FIFinland
FJFiji
FKFalkland Islands (Malvinas)
FMMicronesia, Federated States of
FOFaroe Islands
FRFrance
GAGabon
GBUnited Kingdom
GDGrenada
GEGeorgia
GFFrench Guiana
GGGuernsey
GHGhana
GIGibraltar
GLGreenland
GMGambia
GPGuadeloupe
GQEquatorial Guinea
GRGreece
GTGuatemala
GYGuyana
HKHong Kong, SAR China
HNHonduras
HRCroatia
HTHaiti
HUHungary
IDIndonesia
IEIreland
ILIsrael
IMIsle of Man
INIndia
IQIraq
ITItaly
JEJersey
JMJamaica
JOJordan
JPJapan
KEKenya
KGKyrgyzstan
KHCambodia
KMComoros
KNSaint Kitts and Nevis
KRKorea (South)
KWKuwait
KYCayman Islands
KZKazakhstan
LALao PDR
LBLebanon
LCSaint Lucia
LILiechtenstein
LKSri Lanka
LSLesotho
LTLithuania
LULuxembourg
LVLatvia
LYLibya
MAMorocco
MDMoldova
MEMontenegro
MFSaint-Martin (French part)
MGMadagascar
MKMacedonia, Republic of
MMMyanmar
MNMongolia
MOMacao, SAR China
MSMontserrat
MTMalta
MUMauritius
MWMalawi
MXMexico
MYMalaysia
MZMozambique
NANamibia
NCNew Caledonia
NENiger
NFNorfolk Island
NGNigeria
NINicaragua
NLNetherlands
NONorway
NPNepal
NZNew Zealand
OMOman
PAPanama
PEPeru
PGPapua New Guinea
PHPhilippines
PKPakistan
PLPoland
PMSaint Pierre and Miquelon
PRPuerto Rico
PSPalestinian Territory
PTPortugal
PYParaguay
QAQatar
RERéunion
RORomania
RSSerbia
RURussian Federation
RWRwanda
SASaudi Arabia
SCSeychelles
SESweden
SGSingapore
SHSaint Helena
SISlovenia
SKSlovakia
SLSierra Leone
SNSenegal
SRSuriname
STSao Tome and Principe
SVEl Salvador
SZSwaziland
TCTurks and Caicos Islands
TGTogo
THThailand
TLTimor-Leste
TMTurkmenistan
TOTonga
TRTurkey
TTTrinidad and Tobago
TWTaiwan, Republic of China
TZTanzania, United Republic of
UAUkraine
UGUganda
USUnited States of America
UYUruguay
UZUzbekistan
VCSaint Vincent and Grenadines
VEVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic)
VGBritish Virgin Islands
VIVirgin Islands, US
VNViet Nam
WSSamoa
YEYemen
YTMayotte
ZASouth Africa
ZMZambia
ZWZimbabwe
## Cloud Functions
### Cloud Functions runtime support
#### How do I upgrade to the latest supported version of Node.js?
1. Make sure you're on the Blaze pricing plan.
2. Make sure you are using the latest version of the Firebase CLI.
3. Update the `engines` field in your functions' `package.json`.
4. Optionally, test your changes using the Firebase Local Emulator Suite.
5. Redeploy all functions.
#### How can I make sure I deployed my functions to a specific Node.js
runtime?
In the Firebase console, go to the functions dashboard, select a function, and
check the function's language under Additional details.
#### I use Firebase Extensions. Will I be affected by Cloud Functions runtime
updates?
Yes. Since extensions use Cloud Functions, the runtime of your extensions will
need to be updated on the same timeline as Cloud Functions.
We recommend that you periodically update to the latest version of each
extension installed in your project. You can upgrade your projects' extensions
via the Firebase console or Firebase CLI.
## Cloud Messaging
#### Cloud Messaging: What's the difference between the Notifications
composer and Cloud Messaging?
Firebase Cloud Messaging provides a complete set of messaging capabilities
through its client SDKs and HTTP and XMPP server protocols. For deployments
with more complex messaging requirements, FCM is the right choice.
The Notifications composer is a lightweight, serverless messaging solution
built on Firebase Cloud Messaging. With a user-friendly graphical console and
reduced coding requirements, the Notifications composer lets users easily send
messages to reengage and retain users, foster app growth, and support
marketing campaigns.
Capabilities Notifications composer Cloud Messaging
Target Single device
Clients subscribed to topics (i. e. weather)
Clients in predefined user segment (app, version, language)
Clients in specified analytics audiences
Clients in device groups
Upstream from client to server
Message Type Notifications up to 2kb
Data messages up to 4kb
Delivery Immediate
Future client device local time
Analytics Built-in Notifications analytics collection and funnel analytics
#### Cloud Messaging: Apple announced they're deprecating the legacy binary
protocol for APNs. Do I need to do anything?
No. Firebase Cloud Messaging switched to the HTTP/2-based APNs protocol in
2017\. If you are using FCM to send notifications to iOS devices, there should
be no action required on your part.
#### Cloud Messaging: Do I need to use other Firebase services in order to
use FCM?
You can use Firebase Cloud Messaging as a standalone component, in the same
manner as you did with GCM, without using other Firebase services.
#### Cloud Messaging: I am an existing Google Cloud Messaging (GCM)
developer. Should I move to Firebase Cloud Messaging?
FCM is the new version of GCM under the Firebase brand. It inherits GCM’s core
infrastructure, with new SDKs to make Cloud Messaging development easier.
Benefits of upgrading to FCM SDK include:
* Simpler client development. You no longer have to write your own registration or subscription retry logic.
* An out-of-the-box notification solution. You can use the Notifications composer, a serverless notifications solution with a web console that lets anyone send notifications to target specific audiences based on insights from Google Analytics for Firebase.
To upgrade from GCM SDKs to FCM SDKs, see the guides for migrating Android and
iOS apps.
#### Cloud Messaging: Why do my targeted devices apparently fail to receive
messages?
When it looks like devices haven't successfully received messages, check first
for these two potential causes:
Foreground message handling for notification messages. Client apps need to add
message handling logic to handle notification messages when the app is in the
foreground on the device. See the details for iOS and Android.
Network firewall restrictions. If your organization has a firewall that
restricts the traffic to or from the Internet, you need to configure it to
allow connectivity with FCM in order for your Firebase Cloud Messaging client
apps to receive messages. The ports to open are:
* 5228
* 5229
* 5230
FCM usually uses 5228, but it sometimes uses 5229 and 5230. FCM does not
provide specific IPs, so you should allow your firewall to accept outgoing
connections to all IP addresses contained in the IP blocks listed in Google's
ASN of 15169.
#### Cloud Messaging: I have implemented `onMessageReceived` in my Android
app, but it is not being called.
When your app is in the background, notification messages are displayed in
the system tray, and `onMessageReceived` is not called. For notification
messages with a data payload, the notification message is displayed in the
system tray, and the data that was included with the notification message can
be retrieved from the intent launched when the user taps on the notification.
For more information, see Receive and handle messages.
#### Notifications composer: What's the difference between the Notifications
composer and Cloud Messaging?
The Notifications composer is a lightweight, serverless messaging solution
built on Firebase Cloud Messaging. With a user-friendly graphical console and
reduced coding requirements, the Notifications composer lets users easily send
messages to reengage and retain users, foster app growth, and support
marketing campaigns.
Firebase Cloud Messaging provides a complete set of messaging capabilities
through its client SDKs and HTTP and XMPP server protocols. For deployments
with more complex messaging requirements, FCM is the right choice.
Here's a comparison of the messaging capabilities provided by Firebase Cloud
Messaging and the Notifications composer:
Capabilities Notifications composer Cloud Messaging
Target Single device
Clients subscribed to topics (i. e. weather)
Clients in predefined user segment (app, version, language)
Clients in specified analytics audiences
Clients in device groups
Upstream from client to server
Message Type Notifications up to 2kb
Data messages up to 4kb
Delivery Immediate
Future client device local time
Analytics Built-in Notifications analytics collection and funnel analytics
#### Notifications composer: I am an existing Google Cloud Messaging (GCM)
developer, and I want to use the Notifications composer. What should I do?
The Notifications composer is an out-of-the-box solution that lets anyone send
notifications to target specific audiences based on insights from Google
Analytics for Firebase. Also, the Notifications composer provides funnel
analysis for every message, allowing easy evaluation of notification
effectiveness.
If you are an existing GCM developer, to use the Notifications composer you
have to upgrade from GCM SDKs to FCM SDKs. See the guides for migrating
Android and iOS apps.
## Cloud Storage for Firebase
#### Cloud Storage for Firebase: Why can't I use Cloud Storage for Firebase?
Cloud Storage for Firebase creates a default bucket in the App Engine no-cost
tier. This allows you to quickly get up and running with Firebase and Cloud
Storage for Firebase, without having to put in a credit card or enable a Cloud
Billing account. It also allows you to easily share data between Firebase and
a Google Cloud project.
There are, however, two known cases where this bucket cannot be created and
you will be unable to use Cloud Storage for Firebase:
* A project imported from Google Cloud which had a App Engine Master/Slave Datastore application.
* A project imported from Google Cloud which has domain prefixed projects. For example: `domain.com:project-1234`.
There are currently no workarounds to these issues, and we recommend that you
create a new project in the Firebase console and enable Cloud Storage for
Firebase in that project.
#### Cloud Storage for Firebase: Why do I get error code 412 responses about
service account permissions and failed service account operations when using
the Cloud Storage for Firebase API?
It's likely you're getting 412 error codes either because the Cloud Storage
for Firebase API is not enabled for your project or a necessary service
account is missing the required permissions.
See the related FAQ.
#### Cloud Storage for Firebase: Why do I see new service account IDs
associated with my Firebase projects that use Cloud Storage for Firebase?
Firebase uses service accounts to operate and manage services without sharing
user credentials. When you create a Firebase project, you might notice that a
number of service accounts are already available in your project.
The service account that Cloud Storage for Firebase uses is scoped to your
project and is named
`service-PROJECT_NUMBER@gcp-sa-firebasestorage.iam.gserviceaccount.com`.
If you used Cloud Storage for Firebase before September 19, 2022, you may see
an additional service account on previously-linked Cloud Storage buckets named
`[email protected]`. As of September 19, 2022, this
service account is no longer supported.
You can view all service accounts associated with your project in the Firebase
console, on the Service accounts tab.
##### Adding the new service account
If you removed the service account previously or the service account is not
present in your project, you may do one of the following to add the account.
Note: To perform these operations, the Cloud Storage for Firebase API must be
enabled in the Google Cloud Console. If the API is disabled, re-enable it as
instructed in this Cloud guide.
* (Recommended) Automated: Use the AddFirebase REST endpoint to re-import your bucket into Firebase. You will only need to call this endpoint once, not once for each linked bucket.
* Manual: Follow the steps in Creating and managing service accounts. Following that guide, add a service account with the IAM role`Cloud Storage for Firebase Service Agent`, and service account name
`service-PROJECT_NUMBER@gcp-sa-firebasestorage.iam.gserviceaccount.com`.
##### Removing the new service account
We strongly discourage you from removing the service account because this may
block access to your Cloud Storage buckets from your apps. To remove the
service account from your project, follow the instructions in Disabling a
service account.
## Crashlytics
Visit the Crashlytics troubleshooting & FAQ page for helpful tips and answers
to more FAQs.
## Dynamic Links
#### Dynamic Links: Why does my Android app access each Dynamic Link twice?
The `getInvitation` API clears the saved Dynamic Link to prevent it from being
accessed twice. Be sure to call this API with the `autoLaunchDeepLink`
parameter set to `false` in each of the deep link activities to clear it for
the case when the activity is triggered outside the main activity.
## Firebase Local Emulator Suite
#### Why do Emulator Suite logs show an error starting with "Multiple
projectIds are not recommended in single project mode"?
This message means the Emulator Suite has detected it may be running a
particular product emulator using different project IDs. This may indicate a
misconfiguration, and can cause issues when emulators try to communicate with
one another, and when you try to interact with emulators from your code. If
project IDs don't match, it often appears that data is missing, since data
stored in emulators is keyed to projectID, and interoperability depends on
matching project IDs.
This has been a common source of confusion among developers, so by default the
Local Emulator Suite will now only allow running with a single project ID,
unless you specify otherwise in the `firebase.json` configuration file. If an
emulator detects more than one project ID, it will log a warning and
potentially throw a fatal error.
Check your project ID declaration(s) for mismatches in:
* The default project set at the command line. By default, the project ID will be taken on startup from the project selected with `firebase init` or `firebase use`. To view the list of projects (and see which one is selected) use `firebase projects:list`.
* Unit tests. The project ID is often specified in calls to the Rules Unit Testing library methods `initializeTestEnvironment` or `initializeTestApp`. Other testing code may initialize with `initializeApp(config)`.
* The command line `--project` flag. Passing the Firebase CLI `--project` flag overrides the default project. You'll need to ensure the value of the flag matches the project ID in unit tests and app initialization.
Platform-specific places to check:
Web The `projectId` property in your JavaScript `firebaseConfig` object, used
in `initializeApp`.
Android The `project_id` property inside the `google-services.json`
configuration file.
Apple platforms The `PROJECT_ID` property in the `GoogleService-Info.plist`
configuration file.
To disable single project mode, update `firebase.json` with the
`singleProjectMode` key:
{
"firestore": {
...
},
"functions": {
...
},
"hosting": {
...
},
"emulators": {
"singleProjectMode": false,
"auth": {
"port": 9099
},
"functions": {
"port": 5001
},
...
}
}
## Hosting
#### Hosting: Why does my Hosting release history table in the Firebase
console show file counts that are more than what my local project actually
has?
Firebase automatically adds extra files containing metadata about the Hosting
site, and these files are included in the total file count for the release.
#### Hosting: What's the largest file size that I can deploy to Firebase
Hosting?
Hosting has a maximum size limit of 2 GB for individual files.
We recommend storing larger files using Cloud Storage, which offers a maximum
size limit in the terabyte range for individual objects.
#### Hosting: How many Hosting sites can I have per Firebase project?
The Firebase Hosting multisite feature supports a maximum of 36 sites per
project.
## Performance Monitoring
Visit the Performance Monitoring troubleshooting & FAQ page for helpful tips
and answers to more FAQs.
#### Performance Monitoring: How many custom URL patterns can I create?
You can create up to 400 total custom URL patterns per app and up to 100
custom URL patterns per domain for that app.
#### Performance Monitoring: Why am I not seeing real time display of
performance data?
To view real time performance data, make sure that your app uses a Performance
Monitoring SDK version that's compatible with real time data processing.
* iOS — v7.3.0 or later
* tvOS — v8.9.0 or later
* Android — v19.0.10 or later (or Firebase Android BoM v26.1.0 or later)
* Web — v7.14.0 or later
Note that we always recommend using the latest version of SDK, but any version
listed above will enable Performance Monitoring to process your data in near
real time.
## Realtime Database
#### Realtime Database: Why was my Realtime Database reported bandwidth lower
than average between September 2016 and March 2017?
For our bandwidth calculations, we normally include SSL encryption overhead
(based on layer 5 of the OSI model). However, in September 2016, we introduced
a bug that caused our bandwidth reporting to ignore encryption overhead. This
might have resulted in artificially low reported bandwidth and bills on your
account for a few months.
We released a fix for the bug in late March 2017, returning bandwidth
reporting and billing to their normal levels.
#### Realtime Database: What are the scaling limitations of the Realtime
Database?
Each Realtime Database instance has limits on the number of write operations
per second. For small writes, this limit is approximately 1000 write
operations per second. If you are approaching this limit, batching operations
using multi-path updates can help you achieve higher throughput.
In addition, each database instance has a cap on the number of simultaneous
database connections. Our default limits are large enough for most
applications. If you are building an app that requires additional scale, you
may need to shard your application across multiple database instances for
added scale. You may also consider Cloud Firestore as an alternative database.
#### Realtime Database: What can I do if I'm over my Realtime Database usage
limits?
If you've received an email alert or notification in the Firebase console that
you've exceeded your Realtime Database usage limits, you can address it based
on the usage limit you've exceeded. To see your Realtime Database usage, go to
the Realtime Database Usage dashboard in the Firebase console.
If you're over your download limit, you can upgrade your Firebase pricing plan
or wait until your download limit resets at the start of your next billing
cycle. To decrease your downloads, try the following steps:
* Add queries to limit the data that your listen operations return.
* Check for unindexed queries.
* Use listeners that only download updates to data — for example, `on()` instead of `once()`.
* Use security rules to block unauthorized downloads.
If you're over your storage limit, upgrade your pricing plan to avoid service
disruptions. To reduce the amount of data in your database, try the following
steps:
* Run periodic cleanup jobs.
* Reduce any duplicate data in your database.
Note that it may take some time to see any data deletions reflected in your
storage allotment.
If you're over your simultaneous database connections limit, upgrade your plan
to avoid any service disruptions. To manage simultaneous connections to your
database, try connecting via users via the REST API if they don't require a
realtime connection.
## Remote Config
#### Remote Config: Why don't fetched values change the behavior and
appearance of my app?
Unless you fetch values with `fetchAndActivate()`, values are stored locally
but not activated. To activate fetched values so that they can take effect,
call `activate`. This design lets you control when the behavior and appearance
of your app changes, because you can choose when to call `activate`. After you
call `activate`, your app source code determines when updated parameter values
are used.
For example, you could fetch values and then activate them the next time a
user starts your app, which removes the need to delay app startup while your
app waits for fetched values from the service. Changes to your app's behavior
and appearance then occur when your app uses the updated parameter values.
To learn more about the Remote Config API and usage model, see Remote Config
API Overview.
#### Remote Config: I am making a lot of fetch requests while developing my
app. Why doesn't my app always get the latest values from the service when it
sends fetch requests?
During app development, you might want to fetch and activate configs very
frequently (many times per hour) to let you rapidly iterate as you develop and
test your app. To accommodate rapid iteration on a project with up to 10
developers, you can temporarily set a `FirebaseRemoteConfigSettings` object
with a low minimum fetch interval (`setMinimumFetchIntervalInSeconds`) in your
app.
Keep in mind that this setting should be used for development only, not for an
app running in production. If you're just testing your app with a small
10-person development team, you are unlikely to hit the hourly service-side
quota limits. But if you pushed your app out to thousands of test users with a
very low minimum fetch interval, your app would probably hit this quota.
#### Remote Config: How quickly does the Remote Config service return fetched
values after my app sends a fetch request?
Devices usually receive fetched values in less than a second, and often
receive fetched values in milliseconds. The Remote Config service handles
fetch requests within milliseconds, but the time required to complete a fetch
request will depend on the network speed of the device and the latency of the
network connection used by the device.
If your goal is to make fetched values take effect in your app as soon as
possible, but without creating a jarring user experience, consider adding
calls to `fetchAndActivate` each time that your app does a full screen
refresh.
## Test Lab
Visit the Test Lab troubleshooting page for helpful tips and answers to FAQs.
## Firebase User Segmentation Storage
#### What is Firebase User Segmentation Storage?
Firebase User Segmentation Storage stores Firebase installation IDs and
related attributes and segments as well as audience lists you've created to
provide targeting information to other Firebase services that use them, such
as Crashlytics, FCM, Remote Config personalization, and more.
Send feedback
Except as otherwise noted, the content of this page is licensed under the
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License, and code samples are licensed under
the Apache 2.0 License. For details, see the Google Developers Site Policies.
Java is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Last updated 2023-02-14 UTC.
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*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
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|
spiderum_text/3856 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
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*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
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|
spiderum_text/2264 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
chrome
chrome enterprise
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Get in touch Get Chrome browser
1. Home
2. Customer stories
# Customer stories
Companies around the world are partnering with Chrome Enterprise to thrive in
the changing world of work.
* Chrome Enterprise: Tea Time Tech Talk with Mark Eimer
* Chrome Enterprise: Tea Time Tech Talk with Deji Fatunla, Engineering Lead, Sunrun
* How PwC keeps their users productive and secure with Chrome Browser
### Tea Time Tech Talk with Mark Eimer, SVP, Associate CIO, and CTO,
Hackensack Meridian Health
Mark Eimer joins us to share his vision for patient-focused healthcare that's
enriched by technology, thanks to ChromeOS, Chrome browser and Google
Workspace. "Our role is to make every caregiverâs life better so that we can
see more people every day or make patient care easier to deliver," Eimer says.
### Tea Time Tech Talk with Deji Fatunla, Engineering Lead, Sunrun
Deji Fatunla, who leads corporate engineering for Sunrun, shares why ChromeOS
is their default operating system of choice: âChromeOS is adaptable, fast,
and scalable, and from a security perspective, meets all our needs.â Sunrun
was one of the first customers to deploy Parallels Desktop for ChromeOS. Tune
in to learn why ChromeOS is the right solution for Sunrun's remote and
frontline workers.
### How PwC keeps their users productive and secure with Chrome Browser
PwC, a global professional services organization, uses Googleâs Chrome
Browser across 170 offices and 275K+ employees globally. Chrome keeps their
customer data protected and enables their employees to be productive while
working across Google Workspace and other cloud applications.
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Videos
Case studies
Customer blogs
ATB Financial: Reimagining banking with G Suite
ATB Financial creates a step-by-step plan to transform its work culture with
Google Workspace and Pixelbooks.
### ATB Financial creates a step-by-step plan to transform its work culture
with Google Workspace and Pixelbooks.
Watch the video
Charles Schwab on Why Chromebooks Just Work
Charles Schwab uses Chromebooks to help simplify account creation for
customers and employees.
### Charles Schwab uses Chromebooks to help simplify account creation for
customers and employees.
Watch the video
The Chromebook Customer Adoption Journey \(Cloud Next '19\)
Chromebook adoption journey: Featuring Starbucks, ATB Financial and Hunterdon
Healthcare.
### Chromebook adoption journey: Featuring Starbucks, ATB Financial and
Hunterdon Healthcare.
Watch the video
Learn how Duo Security protects customer data with Chrome Enterprise
Using Chrome Enterprise, Duo Security reduces device setup time from 3 hours
to 25 minutes.
### Using Chrome Enterprise, Duo Security reduces device setup time from 3
hours to 25 minutes.
Watch the video
Chrome Enterprise å°å
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Fujitec speeds service engineersâ access to technical documentation, keeping
its elevators and escalators up and running.
### Fujitec speeds service engineersâ access to technical documentation,
keeping its elevators and escalators up and running.
Watch the video
GABA uses Chrome Enterprise to provide better English lessons
With Chromeboxes and ChromeOS, GABA eliminates the system delays and crashes
that used to interrupt studentsâ English-language lessons.
### With Chromeboxes and ChromeOS, GABA eliminates the system delays and
crashes that used to interrupt studentsâ English-language lessons.
Watch the video
Hackensack Meridian Health chooses Chrome Enterprise and Google Workspace to
bring healthcare closer to patients
Hackensack Meridian Health chooses Chrome Enterprise and Google Workspace to
bring healthcare closer to patients.
### Hackensack Meridian Health chooses Chrome Enterprise and Google Workspace
to bring healthcare closer to patients.
Watch the video
How Google Chrome Enterprise helps Middlesex Hospital prioritize patients
Middlesex Health reduced paramedicsâ device setup time from hours to minutes
with Chromebooks and Citrix.
### Middlesex Health reduced paramedicsâ device setup time from hours to
minutes with Chromebooks and Citrix.
Watch the video
How Middlesex Hospital keeps patient data secure and medics productive with
Chrome Browser
Middlesex Hospital keeps patient data secure and medics productive with Chrome
Browser.
### Middlesex Hospital keeps patient data secure and medics productive with
Chrome Browser.
Watch the video
Chrome Enterprise å°å
¥äºä¾ - æ ªå¼ä¼ç¤¾ãã¸ã
Nojima reduces device and IT management costs by 40 percent, while cutting
device setup time from one hour to 20 minutes, by switching to Chromebooks.
### Nojima reduces device and IT management costs by 40 percent, while cutting
device setup time from one hour to 20 minutes, by switching to Chromebooks.
Watch the video
Chrome Enterprise å°å
¥äºä¾ - æ ªå¼ä¼ç¤¾ãªã¼ãã³ãã¦ã¹
Open House improves the sales-call experience for its real estate customers,
while reducing device setup time from two days to just 30 minutes.
### Open House improves the sales-call experience for its real estate
customers, while reducing device setup time from two days to just 30 minutes.
Watch the video
How PwC keeps their users productive and secure with Chrome Browser
PwC keeps their users productive and secure with Chrome Browser.
### PwC keeps their users productive and secure with Chrome Browser.
Watch the video
Sanmina changes lives with Google Chrome Enterprise and Google Workspace
Sanmina moves its manufacturing business into the cloud with Chrome Enterprise
- empowering everyone to be a cloud worker.
### Sanmina moves its manufacturing business into the cloud with Chrome
Enterprise - empowering everyone to be a cloud worker.
Watch the video
Chrome Enterprise: Tea Time Tech Talk with Deji Fatunla, Engineering Lead,
Sunrun
Solar energy services provider Sunrun improves sales workflows and reduces
device provisioning time from 2 hours to just 5 minutes.
### Solar energy services provider Sunrun improves sales workflows and reduces
device provisioning time from 2 hours to just 5 minutes.
Watch the video
Chrome Enterprise: Tea Time Tech Talk with Greg Simpson, CTO, Synchrony
In just a few weeks, Synchrony shifts its global contact center workforce to
remote work, using Chrome Enterprise Upgrade and Chromebooks.
### In just a few weeks, Synchrony shifts its global contact center workforce
to remote work, using Chrome Enterprise Upgrade and Chromebooks.
Watch the video
The Climate Corporation helps sustainable farming using Chrome Browser
Chrome Browser helps The Climate Corporationâs workforce focus on its
environmental mission.
### Chrome Browser helps The Climate Corporationâs workforce focus on its
environmental mission.
Watch the video
Load more
Allium Healthcare improves security and reduces IT maintenance by choosing
ChromeOS devices for its senior care facilities.
### Allium Healthcare improves security and reduces IT maintenance by choosing
ChromeOS devices for its senior care facilities.
Read the case study
ATB Financial creates a step-by-step plan to transform its work culture with
Google Workspace and Pixelbooks.
### ATB Financial creates a step-by-step plan to transform its work culture
with Google Workspace and Pixelbooks.
Read the case study
Azavea builds geospatial apps for civic and social impact with Chromebooks and
Google Workspace.
### Azavea builds geospatial apps for civic and social impact with Chromebooks
and Google Workspace.
Read the case study
Australian eyewear retailer Bailey Nelson improves the in-store experience and
gets new employees up and running in just 15 minutes.
### Australian eyewear retailer Bailey Nelson improves the in-store experience
and gets new employees up and running in just 15 minutes.
Read the case study
The Better Business Bureau serving eastern MA, ME, RI, and VT uses
Chromebooks.
### The Better Business Bureau serving eastern MA, ME, RI, and VT uses
Chromebooks.
Read the case study
BIG W reduces order printing incidents by 95% with ChromeOS and Chrome
devices.
### BIG W reduces order printing incidents by 95% with ChromeOS and Chrome
devices.
Read the case study
BioDot creates biotech apps with Chrome devices and Google Workspace.
### BioDot creates biotech apps with Chrome devices and Google Workspace.
Read the case study
Blend used Chromebooks and Chrome Enterprise Upgrade to broaden access to
production systemsâfrom 10 engineers to 100+.
### Blend used Chromebooks and Chrome Enterprise Upgrade to broaden access to
production systemsâfrom 10 engineers to 100+.
Read the case study
The Regional Government of Castilla-La Mancha deploys Google Chromebooks
across its network of tech corners, improving the user experience, saving on
software updates, and simplifying maintenance.
### The Regional Government of Castilla-La Mancha deploys Google Chromebooks
across its network of tech corners, improving the user experience, saving on
software updates, and simplifying maintenance.
Read the case study
Central Rappahannock Regional Library replaces aging PCs with Chromeboxes and
Chromebooks, saving $425,000.
### Central Rappahannock Regional Library replaces aging PCs with Chromeboxes
and Chromebooks, saving $425,000.
Read the case study
Chromebooks give precious time back to the patients of Chapters Health System.
### Chromebooks give precious time back to the patients of Chapters Health
System.
Read the case study
CMMS Imaging provides compassionate care with the latest technology from
Chrome Enterprise.
### CMMS Imaging provides compassionate care with the latest technology from
Chrome Enterprise.
Read the case study
Colgate-Palmolive adopts modern workplace tools to ensure success well into
the global companyâs third century.
### Colgate-Palmolive adopts modern workplace tools to ensure success well
into the global companyâs third century.
Read the case study
Compass Group chose Chromeboxes and ChromeOS to support 120 digital screens
across Belgium and the Netherlands.
### Compass Group chose Chromeboxes and ChromeOS to support 120 digital
screens across Belgium and the Netherlands.
Read the case study
Chrome Enterprise helps unite Converga employees regardless of their location.
### Chrome Enterprise helps unite Converga employees regardless of their
location.
Read the case study
Devoted Health gains a competitive edge by building its business on ChromeOS
and Pixelbooks.
### Devoted Health gains a competitive edge by building its business on
ChromeOS and Pixelbooks.
Read the case study
DFS transforms the sofa-shopping experience by giving workers Chromebooks and
Chrome tablets, and reduces device setup time from hours to seconds.
### DFS transforms the sofa-shopping experience by giving workers Chromebooks
and Chrome tablets, and reduces device setup time from hours to seconds.
Read the case study
Doctor.com placed 4,000 Chromebooks in medical offices nationwide to securely
collect physician reviews.
### Doctor.com placed 4,000 Chromebooks in medical offices nationwide to
securely collect physician reviews.
Read the case study
DOTComm provides better IT support for its local government with Chrome
Browser and Google Workspace.
### DOTComm provides better IT support for its local government with Chrome
Browser and Google Workspace.
Read the case study
By replacing outdated PCs with Chrome devices, Dr. Agarwalâs Eye Hospital
reduced IT help tickets by 80 percent.
### By replacing outdated PCs with Chrome devices, Dr. Agarwalâs Eye
Hospital reduced IT help tickets by 80 percent.
Read the case study
Using Chrome Enterprise, Duo Security reduces device setup time from 3 hours
to 25 minutes.
### Using Chrome Enterprise, Duo Security reduces device setup time from 3
hours to 25 minutes.
Read the case study
Ervia reduced support calls by 75 percent with Chromebooks, using Chrome
Enterprise and Citrix.
### Ervia reduced support calls by 75 percent with Chromebooks, using Chrome
Enterprise and Citrix.
Read the case study
First IPO saves $10,000 on annual IT management using ChromeOS devices
### First IPO saves $10,000 on annual IT management using ChromeOS devices
Read the case study
Five Star Senior Living equips clinicians and admin staff with Chrome devices,
and saves millions of dollars over the cost of Windows computers.
### Five Star Senior Living equips clinicians and admin staff with Chrome
devices, and saves millions of dollars over the cost of Windows computers.
Read the case study
Fujitec speeds service engineersâ access to technical documentation, keeping
its elevators and escalators up and running.
### Fujitec speeds service engineersâ access to technical documentation,
keeping its elevators and escalators up and running.
Read the case study
With Chromeboxes and ChromeOS, GABA eliminates the system delays and crashes
that used to interrupt studentsâ English-language lessons.
### With Chromeboxes and ChromeOS, GABA eliminates the system delays and
crashes that used to interrupt studentsâ English-language lessons.
Read the case study
Getty Images improves security for its global employees and freelance creative
team with Chrome Browser Cloud Management.
### Getty Images improves security for its global employees and freelance
creative team with Chrome Browser Cloud Management.
Read the case study
Hackensack Meridian Health improves practitioner productivity with mobile
workstations equipped and Chrome Enterprise.
### Hackensack Meridian Health improves practitioner productivity with mobile
workstations equipped and Chrome Enterprise.
Read the case study
Hackensack Meridian Health reduces support tickets by 25% after standardizing
on Chrome browser.
### Hackensack Meridian Health reduces support tickets by 25% after
standardizing on Chrome browser.
Read the case study
Using Pixelbooks and ChromeOS, HackerOne saved 150 hours each quarter on
software updates.
### Using Pixelbooks and ChromeOS, HackerOne saved 150 hours each quarter on
software updates.
Read the case study
At Hamamatsu City Hall, Chromebooks become key to promoting digital
transformation and providing security and mobility.
### At Hamamatsu City Hall, Chromebooks become key to promoting digital
transformation and providing security and mobility.
Read the case study
Hunterdon Healthcare delivers better patient care while saving $120,000 in
device costs.
### Hunterdon Healthcare delivers better patient care while saving $120,000 in
device costs.
Read the case study
Idex uses Chrome Enterprise to support a company vision for collaboration.
### Idex uses Chrome Enterprise to support a company vision for collaboration.
Read the case study
Iroquois Healthcare Association adds 5,000 Chromebooks to improve patient
care.
### Iroquois Healthcare Association adds 5,000 Chromebooks to improve patient
care.
Read the case study
Kaho Musen Holdings Co. Ltd. uses Chromebooks to connect 64 stores and
promotes digital transformation.
### Kaho Musen Holdings Co. Ltd. uses Chromebooks to connect 64 stores and
promotes digital transformation.
Read the case study
Two London borough councils save employees thousands of hours in commuting
time by switching to Chrome Enterprise and Chromebooks.
### Two London borough councils save employees thousands of hours in commuting
time by switching to Chrome Enterprise and Chromebooks.
Read the case study
Chrome Browser kept LafargeHolcim productive during a merger.
### Chrome Browser kept LafargeHolcim productive during a merger.
Read the case study
To provide modern technology to 3,500 local council employees, London Borough
of Barking and Dagenham searched for new, cost-effective solutions to replace
their outdated legacy systems.
### To provide modern technology to 3,500 local council employees, London
Borough of Barking and Dagenham searched for new, cost-effective solutions to
replace their outdated legacy systems.
Read the case study
Lotte gets ready to replace VDIs with Chrome Enterprise.
### Lotte gets ready to replace VDIs with Chrome Enterprise.
Read the case study
MedXM delivers fast person-to-person healthcare with Chrome Enterprise.
### MedXM delivers fast person-to-person healthcare with Chrome Enterprise.
Read the case study
Mercado Libre improved contact center productivity by 25 percent, using
Neverwareâs CloudReady software and Google Workspace.
### Mercado Libre improved contact center productivity by 25 percent, using
Neverwareâs CloudReady software and Google Workspace.
Read the case study
Middlesex Health reduced paramedicsâ device setup time from hours to minutes
with Chromebooks and Citrix.
### Middlesex Health reduced paramedicsâ device setup time from hours to
minutes with Chromebooks and Citrix.
Read the case study
Nojima reduces device and IT management costs by 40 percent, while cutting
device setup time from one hour to 20 minutes, by switching to Chromebooks.
### Nojima reduces device and IT management costs by 40 percent, while cutting
device setup time from one hour to 20 minutes, by switching to Chromebooks.
Read the case study
NomNomNow builds a personalized and customer-friendly pet food business in the
cloud, with help from Google Cloud and Chrome Enterprise.
### NomNomNow builds a personalized and customer-friendly pet food business in
the cloud, with help from Google Cloud and Chrome Enterprise.
Read the case study
Open House improves the sales-call experience for its real estate customers,
while reducing device setup time from two days to just 30 minutes.
### Open House improves the sales-call experience for its real estate
customers, while reducing device setup time from two days to just 30 minutes.
Read the case study
Panda Restaurant Group improves access to online training by adding 400
Chromebooks to restaurant locations.
### Panda Restaurant Group improves access to online training by adding 400
Chromebooks to restaurant locations.
Read the case study
Pasco reduces device setup time from months to just a week, using ChromeOS and
Chromebooks.
### Pasco reduces device setup time from months to just a week, using ChromeOS
and Chromebooks.
Read the case study
Prestige Care brings Chromebooks to senior home caregiversâimproving
collaboration and recordkeeping and cutting device costs by two-thirds.
### Prestige Care brings Chromebooks to senior home caregiversâimproving
collaboration and recordkeeping and cutting device costs by two-thirds.
Read the case study
Promevo dramatically improves customer satisfaction and workplace efficiency
with Chrome Enterprise and Google Workspace.
### Promevo dramatically improves customer satisfaction and workplace
efficiency with Chrome Enterprise and Google Workspace.
Read the case study
QAD reduces time and admin for loaner devices, using Google Grab and Go and
Pixelbooks.
### QAD reduces time and admin for loaner devices, using Google Grab and Go
and Pixelbooks.
Read the case study
Questar saves $2.1M with Chrome Enterprise and Google Workspace.
### Questar saves $2.1M with Chrome Enterprise and Google Workspace.
Read the case study
Roche reduces IT maintenance and improves security with Chrome browser
### Roche reduces IT maintenance and improves security with Chrome browser
Read the case study
Royal Technologies saves $787,000 in hardware and software costs over five
years after adopting ChromeOS and Google Workspace.
### Royal Technologies saves $787,000 in hardware and software costs over five
years after adopting ChromeOS and Google Workspace.
Read the case study
Sanmina moves its manufacturing business into the cloud with Chrome Enterprise
- empowering everyone to be a cloud worker.
### Sanmina moves its manufacturing business into the cloud with Chrome
Enterprise - empowering everyone to be a cloud worker.
Read the case study
Schnucks Market uses Chrome Enterprise to reduce food overproduction markdowns
from 400 per month to just 4 per month.
### Schnucks Market uses Chrome Enterprise to reduce food overproduction
markdowns from 400 per month to just 4 per month.
Read the case study
Service NSW reduced operational costs by 46 percent and improved customer
service with ChromeOS and Chrome devices.
### Service NSW reduced operational costs by 46 percent and improved customer
service with ChromeOS and Chrome devices.
Read the case study
S&L Zorg reduces yearly IT costs by â¬100,000 for choosing Chrome Enterprise
for its caregiving organization.
### S&L; Zorg reduces yearly IT costs by â¬100,000 for choosing Chrome
Enterprise for its caregiving organization.
Read the case study
Somerset County Library System cut yearly costs for hardware and software in
half with Chromebooks and Chrome Enterprise.
### Somerset County Library System cut yearly costs for hardware and software
in half with Chromebooks and Chrome Enterprise.
Read the case study
Square reduces device setup time by 70 percent and eases security concerns by
adding Pixelbooks and Google Workspace.
### Square reduces device setup time by 70 percent and eases security concerns
by adding Pixelbooks and Google Workspace.
Read the case study
Solar energy services provider Sunrun improves sales workflows and reduces
device provisioning time from 2 hours to just 5 minutes.
### Solar energy services provider Sunrun improves sales workflows and reduces
device provisioning time from 2 hours to just 5 minutes.
Read the case study
In just a few weeks, Synchrony shifts its global contact center workforce to
remote work, using Chrome Enterprise Upgrade and Chromebooks.
### In just a few weeks, Synchrony shifts its global contact center workforce
to remote work, using Chrome Enterprise Upgrade and Chromebooks.
Read the case study
Système U creates an immersive shopping experience with Chrome Browser.
### Système U creates an immersive shopping experience with Chrome Browser.
Read the case study
The Good Care Group equips in-home caregivers with easy-to-use touchscreen
Chromebooks, improving client recordkeeping and connecting caregivers to
managers.
### The Good Care Group equips in-home caregivers with easy-to-use touchscreen
Chromebooks, improving client recordkeeping and connecting caregivers to
managers.
Read the case study
Topcoder solves coding challenges with the help of Chrome Browser.
### Topcoder solves coding challenges with the help of Chrome Browser.
Read the case study
Trade Me eliminates employeesâ 45-minute wait for loaner devices by adding
Grab and Go racks with Chrome Enterprise to its three offices.
### Trade Me eliminates employeesâ 45-minute wait for loaner devices by
adding Grab and Go racks with Chrome Enterprise to its three offices.
Read the case study
Trimble adopts ChromeOS and Parallels Desktop to add flexibility in where and
how to work.
### Trimble adopts ChromeOS and Parallels Desktop to add flexibility in where
and how to work.
Read the case study
IIT-HOME chooses ChromeOS devices to keep Indiaâs best students focused on
their studies
### IIT-HOME chooses ChromeOS devices to keep Indiaâs best students focused
on their studies
Read the case study
Ur&Penn reduces support and maintenance costs by 28% after swapping Windows
computers for Chromebooks and Chromeboxes.
### Ur&Penn; reduces support and maintenance costs by 28% after swapping
Windows computers for Chromebooks and Chromeboxes.
Read the case study
Veolia replaced 250 separate productivity tools with Chrome Enterprise and
Google Workspace for its 170,000-person workforce.
### Veolia replaced 250 separate productivity tools with Chrome Enterprise and
Google Workspace for its 170,000-person workforce.
Read the case study
Chrome Browser helps Vertex keep customer tax data secure and confidential.
### Chrome Browser helps Vertex keep customer tax data secure and
confidential.
Read the case study
Viessmann transitions employees to remote work in just 3 days with Chromebooks
and Google Workspace.
### Viessmann transitions employees to remote work in just 3 days with
Chromebooks and Google Workspace.
Read the case study
The Grab and Go program with Chrome Enterprise lets Waymo keep fewer devices
on hand while making sure drivers and instructors have fully charged
Chromebooks when they need them.
### The Grab and Go program with Chrome Enterprise lets Waymo keep fewer
devices on hand while making sure drivers and instructors have fully charged
Chromebooks when they need them.
Read the case study
Disability caregiver Westhaven Association cuts IT infrastructure costs in
half by switching to Chrome Enterprise and Chromebooks.
### Disability caregiver Westhaven Association cuts IT infrastructure costs in
half by switching to Chrome Enterprise and Chromebooks.
Read the case study
Xero reduces the time needed for workers to obtain replacement Chromebooks
from an hour to a few seconds.
### Xero reduces the time needed for workers to obtain replacement Chromebooks
from an hour to a few seconds.
Read the case study
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AMFMâs skilled nursing centers scale seamlessly with ChromeOS.
### AMFMâs skilled nursing centers scale seamlessly with ChromeOS.
Read the story
ATB Financial creates a step-by-step plan to transform its work culture with
Google Workspace and Pixelbooks.
### ATB Financial creates a step-by-step plan to transform its work culture
with Google Workspace and Pixelbooks.
Read the story
Australian eyewear retailer Bailey Nelson improves the in-store experience and
gets new employees up and running in just 15 minutes.
### Australian eyewear retailer Bailey Nelson improves the in-store experience
and gets new employees up and running in just 15 minutes.
Read the story
BIG W reduces order printing incidents by 95% with ChromeOS and Chrome
devices.
### BIG W reduces order printing incidents by 95% with ChromeOS and Chrome
devices.
Read the story
Blend used Chromebooks and Chrome Enterprise Upgrade to broaden access to
production systemsâfrom 10 engineers to 100+.
### Blend used Chromebooks and Chrome Enterprise Upgrade to broaden access to
production systemsâfrom 10 engineers to 100+.
Read the story
Blue Cross Blue Shield of North Carolina increased security and productivity
with Chrome Browser.
### Blue Cross Blue Shield of North Carolina increased security and
productivity with Chrome Browser.
Read the story
CMMS Imaging provides compassionate care with the latest technology from
Chrome Enterprise.
### CMMS Imaging provides compassionate care with the latest technology from
Chrome Enterprise.
Read the story
Colgate-Palmolive adopts modern workplace tools to ensure success well into
the global companyâs third century.
### Colgate-Palmolive adopts modern workplace tools to ensure success well
into the global companyâs third century.
Read the story
Compass Group chose Chromeboxes and ChromeOS to support 120 digital screens
across Belgium and the Netherlands.
### Compass Group chose Chromeboxes and ChromeOS to support 120 digital
screens across Belgium and the Netherlands.
Read the story
Devoted Health gains a competitive edge by building its business on ChromeOS
and Pixelbooks.
### Devoted Health gains a competitive edge by building its business on
ChromeOS and Pixelbooks.
Read the story
Doctor.com placed 4,000 Chromebooks in medical offices nationwide to securely
collect physician reviews.
### Doctor.com placed 4,000 Chromebooks in medical offices nationwide to
securely collect physician reviews.
Read the story
By replacing outdated PCs with Chrome devices, Dr. Agarwalâs Eye Hospital
reduced IT help tickets by 80 percent.
### By replacing outdated PCs with Chrome devices, Dr. Agarwalâs Eye
Hospital reduced IT help tickets by 80 percent.
Read the story
Ervia reduced support calls by 75 percent with Chromebooks, using Chrome
Enterprise and Citrix.
### Ervia reduced support calls by 75 percent with Chromebooks, using Chrome
Enterprise and Citrix.
Read the story
Getty Images improves security for its global employees and freelance creative
team with Chrome Browser Cloud Management.
### Getty Images improves security for its global employees and freelance
creative team with Chrome Browser Cloud Management.
Read the story
Hackensack Meridian Health improves practitioner productivity with mobile
workstations equipped and Chrome Enterprise.
### Hackensack Meridian Health improves practitioner productivity with mobile
workstations equipped and Chrome Enterprise.
Read the story
Hackensack Meridian Health reduces support tickets by 25% after standardizing
on Chrome browser.
### Hackensack Meridian Health reduces support tickets by 25% after
standardizing on Chrome browser.
Read the story
Using Pixelbooks and ChromeOS, HackerOne saved 150 hours each quarter on
software updates.
### Using Pixelbooks and ChromeOS, HackerOne saved 150 hours each quarter on
software updates.
Read the story
Hunterdon Healthcare delivers better patient care while saving $120,000 in
device costs.
### Hunterdon Healthcare delivers better patient care while saving $120,000 in
device costs.
Read the story
Iroquois Healthcare Association adds 5,000 Chromebooks to improve patient
care.
### Iroquois Healthcare Association adds 5,000 Chromebooks to improve patient
care.
Read the story
I.T. set free: Featuring SoulCycle, ATB Financial, Dr. Agarwalâs Eye
Hospital and Kingston and Sutton London Borough Councils.
### I.T. set free: Featuring SoulCycle, ATB Financial, Dr. Agarwalâs Eye
Hospital and Kingston and Sutton London Borough Councils.
Read the story
Two London borough councils save employees thousands of hours in commuting
time by switching to Chrome Enterprise and Chromebooks.
### Two London borough councils save employees thousands of hours in commuting
time by switching to Chrome Enterprise and Chromebooks.
Read the story
From the kitchen to the factory: Featuring Panda Restaurant Group, Royal
Technologies and Middlesex Hospital.
### From the kitchen to the factory: Featuring Panda Restaurant Group, Royal
Technologies and Middlesex Hospital.
Read the story
How Mako Invent discovered lean growth with the help of Google Chrome Browser.
### How Mako Invent discovered lean growth with the help of Google Chrome
Browser.
Read the story
Mercado Libre improved contact center productivity by 25 percent, using
Neverwareâs CloudReady software and Google Workspace.
### Mercado Libre improved contact center productivity by 25 percent, using
Neverwareâs CloudReady software and Google Workspace.
Read the story
Middlesex Health reduced paramedicsâ device setup time from hours to minutes
with Chromebooks and Citrix.
### Middlesex Health reduced paramedicsâ device setup time from hours to
minutes with Chromebooks and Citrix.
Read the story
NomNomNow builds a personalized and customer-friendly pet food business in the
cloud, with help from Google Cloud and Chrome Enterprise.
### NomNomNow builds a personalized and customer-friendly pet food business in
the cloud, with help from Google Cloud and Chrome Enterprise.
Read the story
Open House improves the sales-call experience for its real estate customers,
while reducing device setup time from two days to just 30 minutes.
### Open House improves the sales-call experience for its real estate
customers, while reducing device setup time from two days to just 30 minutes.
Read the story
Panda Restaurant Group improves access to online training by adding 400
Chromebooks to restaurant locations.
### Panda Restaurant Group improves access to online training by adding 400
Chromebooks to restaurant locations.
Read the story
Promevo dramatically improves customer satisfaction and workplace efficiency
with Chrome Enterprise and Google Workspace.
### Promevo dramatically improves customer satisfaction and workplace
efficiency with Chrome Enterprise and Google Workspace.
Read the story
QAD reduces time and admin for loaner devices, using Google Grab and Go and
Pixelbooks.
### QAD reduces time and admin for loaner devices, using Google Grab and Go
and Pixelbooks.
Read the story
Roche reduces IT maintenance and improves security with Chrome browser
### Roche reduces IT maintenance and improves security with Chrome browser
Read the story
Royal Technologies saves $787,000 in hardware and software costs over five
years after adopting ChromeOS and Google Workspace.
### Royal Technologies saves $787,000 in hardware and software costs over five
years after adopting ChromeOS and Google Workspace.
Read the story
Schnucks Market uses Chrome Enterprise to reduce food overproduction markdowns
from 400 per month to just 4 per month.
### Schnucks Market uses Chrome Enterprise to reduce food overproduction
markdowns from 400 per month to just 4 per month.
Read the story
Service NSW reduced operational costs by 46 percent and improved customer
service with ChromeOS and Chrome devices.
### Service NSW reduced operational costs by 46 percent and improved customer
service with ChromeOS and Chrome devices.
Read the story
Somerset County Library System cut yearly costs for hardware and software in
half with Chromebooks and Chrome Enterprise.
### Somerset County Library System cut yearly costs for hardware and software
in half with Chromebooks and Chrome Enterprise.
Read the story
Square reduces device setup time by 70 percent and eases security concerns by
adding Pixelbooks and Google Workspace.
### Square reduces device setup time by 70 percent and eases security concerns
by adding Pixelbooks and Google Workspace.
Read the story
Starbucks uses Chrome Browser Cloud Management to centrally manage browsers
across operating systems, provide a more consistent browsing experience, and
gain more visibility into their browser landscape.
### Starbucks uses Chrome Browser Cloud Management to centrally manage
browsers across operating systems, provide a more consistent browsing
experience, and gain more visibility into their browser landscape.
Read the story
Solar energy services provider Sunrun improves sales workflows and reduces
device provisioning time from 2 hours to just 5 minutes.
### Solar energy services provider Sunrun improves sales workflows and reduces
device provisioning time from 2 hours to just 5 minutes.
Read the story
In just a few weeks, Synchrony shifts its global contact center workforce to
remote work, using Chrome Enterprise Upgrade and Chromebooks.
### In just a few weeks, Synchrony shifts its global contact center workforce
to remote work, using Chrome Enterprise Upgrade and Chromebooks.
Read the story
Chrome Browser helps The Climate Corporationâs workforce focus on its
environmental mission.
### Chrome Browser helps The Climate Corporationâs workforce focus on its
environmental mission.
Read the story
Topcoder solves coding challenges with the help of Chrome Browser.
### Topcoder solves coding challenges with the help of Chrome Browser.
Read the story
Trade Me eliminates employeesâ 45-minute wait for loaner devices by adding
Grab and Go racks with Chrome Enterprise to its three offices.
### Trade Me eliminates employeesâ 45-minute wait for loaner devices by
adding Grab and Go racks with Chrome Enterprise to its three offices.
Read the story
Trimble adopts ChromeOS and Parallels Desktop to add flexibility in where and
how to work.
### Trimble adopts ChromeOS and Parallels Desktop to add flexibility in where
and how to work.
Read the story
Veolia replaced 250 separate productivity tools with Chrome Enterprise and
Google Workspace for its 170,000-person workforce.
### Veolia replaced 250 separate productivity tools with Chrome Enterprise and
Google Workspace for its 170,000-person workforce.
Read the story
Viessmann transitions employees to remote work in just 3 days with Chromebooks
and Google Workspace.
### Viessmann transitions employees to remote work in just 3 days with
Chromebooks and Google Workspace.
Read the story
The Grab and Go program with Chrome Enterprise lets Waymo keep fewer devices
on hand while making sure drivers and instructors have fully charged
Chromebooks when they need them.
### The Grab and Go program with Chrome Enterprise lets Waymo keep fewer
devices on hand while making sure drivers and instructors have fully charged
Chromebooks when they need them.
Read the story
Xero reduces the time needed for workers to obtain replacement Chromebooks
from an hour to a few seconds.
### Xero reduces the time needed for workers to obtain replacement Chromebooks
from an hour to a few seconds.
Read the story
Netherlands staffing firm YoungCapital reduces support requests by 30% as
workforce grows 20%, using Chrome Enterprise.
### Netherlands staffing firm YoungCapital reduces support requests by 30% as
workforce grows 20%, using Chrome Enterprise.
Read the story
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spiderum_text/4388 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
YouTube Jump to content
Our commitments
* Managing harmful content How does YouTube manage harmful content?
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Product features
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Product features
# Authoritative news and information
News and information
* Overview
* Raise trusted results
* Breaking News
* Top News
* Elevating authoritative sources
* Provide context
* Developing News
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* Topics prone to misinformation
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There are times when you come to YouTube to catch up on the latest news or to
simply learn more about topics youâre curious about. For content where
accuracy and authoritativeness are key, including news, politics, medical, and
scientific information, we use machine learning systems that prioritize
information from authoritative sources and provide context to help you make
informed decisions.
## Raising authoritative voices
There are a lot of signals - such as relevance and popularity - that typically
matter when our systems determine what videos to show when youâre searching
for content. However, when it comes to news and information, we know that
authoritativeness is key. Thatâs why weâre committed to helping these
users discover authoritative sources when it comes to news and information
across our platform.
## Breaking News
When a major breaking news event happens in your country, we want to make sure
that you are aware and can easily access authoritative information. In those
cases the Breaking News shelf appears directly on your homepage. It features
relevant videos from authoritative news sources about news events of national
importance.
*Feature availability varies by country and we are working to expand to more countries.
Breaking News shelf on the homepage during major breaking news events
### Resources
* Learn more about Breaking News shelf
## How does YouTube determine what breaking news is?
You may see Breaking News videos on the homepage for events such as large-
scale tragedies, natural disasters, and momentous occurrences in national and
international politics. In order to highlight breaking news relevant in your
country, we rely on Google News to understand what is happening in the world
and when a news story is breaking.
### Resources
* Learn more about Google News Initiative
* Learn more about how news works on Google
## Top News
When you proactively search for news-related topics, you will often see a Top
News section near the top of search results, which raises relevant results
from authoritative voices including news sources like CNN and Fox News. A Top
News shelf on your homepage may also show if you watch or search for news
content. The Top News shelf will show up regardless of age, and will include
relevant content from news sources that follow Google News content policies.
*Feature availability varies by country and we are working to expand to more countries.
Top News shelf: raises relevant results from authoritative voices in search
results
### Resources
* Learn more about Top News shelf
## Elevating authoritative sources
We raise authoritative voices for newsworthy events in search results and
âUp nextâ panels. In addition to current events, authoritativeness is also
important when it comes to topics prone to misinformation, such as vaccines.
In these cases, we aim to surface videos from experts, like public health
institutions, in search results.
*Feature availability varies by country and we are working to expand to more countries.
Authoritative voices for newsworthy events get prioritized in search results
and âUp nextâ panels
## Providing context to help you make informed decisions
Context is critical when evaluating information, so we give you context
alongside certain search results and videos to help you make your own
decisions about the content that you find on YouTube. To do this, we highlight
text-based information about certain events, topics, and publishers from
third-party sources using information panels across YouTube.
## Developing News
In developing news situations, when high quality video may not be immediately
available, we display links to text-based news articles from authoritative
sources in YouTube search results. We will also provide a reminder that
developing news can rapidly change. We rely on Google News signals to surface
this.
*Feature availability varies by country and we are working to expand to more countries.
Developing news information panels link to news articles alongside search
results during developing news
## Fact checks
Our fact check information panels provide additional context by highlighting
relevant, third-party fact-checked articles above search results for relevant
queries, so that you can make your own informed decision about claims made in
the news.
There are many factors that determine whether a fact check information panel
will appear for any given search. Most important, there must be a relevant
fact check article available from an eligible publisher. And in order to match
your needs with the information we provide, fact checks will show when you
search for a specific claim. For example, if you search for "did a tornado hit
Los Angeles," you might see a relevant fact check article, but if you search
for a more general query like "tornado", you may not.
Our fact check information panels rely on an open network of third-party
publishers and leverages the ClaimReview tagging system. All publishers are
welcome to participate provided they follow the publicly available ClaimReview
structured data guidelines, and are either part of the International Fact-
Checking Network or are an authoritative publisher.
*Feature availability varies by country and we are working to expand to more countries.
Fact checks: recently fact checked claims show alongside search results
### Resources
* Learn more about fact checks in YouTube search results
## Topics prone to misinformation
For well-established historical and scientific topics that are often subject
to misinformation, such as âApollo 11,â general reference articles linking
to third-party sources appear alongside related search results and videos to
provide more context. We do this by surfacing contextual information from
third-party sources including Encyclopedia Britannica and Wikipedia alongside
videos and search results. We have started with a small group of topics based
on third-party sources as we test and roll out this feature.
Topical information panels feature general reference articles alongside search
results on topics prone to misinformation
## Publisher funding
Since knowledge around funding sources can provide context when assessing an
organization's background and help you become a more informed viewer, we
disclose government or public funding for news publishers via information
panels alongside their videos. We provide information panels on publisher
funding on more than a thousand channels.
*Feature availability varies by country and we are working to expand to more countries.
Publisher funding information panels show Government or public funding for
news publishers
### Resources
* Learn more about publisher funding information panels
## Related articles
* YouTube Search
Read more
* Fighting misinformation
Read more
* Supporting political integrity
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*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
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*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
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*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
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*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
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*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
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spiderum_text/1371 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
### Đăng nhập & Đăng ký
5giay - Sàn Mua Bán Online
Trang chủ 5Giay > Tags >
### Tìm kiếm bài viết theo id
# Lắp đặt tổng đài
Dịch vụ Lắp đặt tổng đài, giá cả thị trường và tất cả các bài rao vặt Lắp đặt
tổng đài giá rẻ trên 5giay.vn Contents: 100. Watchers: 0. Views: 5,061.
1. Diễn đàn
### Sửa chữa - nạp mực máy in
> Dịch Vụ cài đặt phần mềm, bảo trì, vệ sinh máy tính, lắp đặt internet, sửa
> chữa laptop, cài đặt macbook, cài win tận nhà giá rẻ trên 5giay.vn
Dịch vụ IT Văn Phòng tận nơi tại HCM - Dịch vụ Chuyên Nghiệp uy tín
### Dịch vụ IT Văn Phòng tận nơi tại HCM - Dịch vụ Chuyên Nghiệp uy tín
Chủ đề bởi: ITvanphong, 2/12/22, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Sửa chữa - nạp
mực máy in
#0927919597 mac pc laptop Workstion Maketing mmo4.0 vip pro
### #0927919597 mac pc laptop Workstion Maketing mmo4.0 vip pro
Chủ đề bởi: MobiHME, 10/2/22, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Sửa chữa - nạp
mực máy in
Carecam Sửa vi tínhthi công Điện Nhẹ, Mạng, Wifi, Camera, Khoá Vân Tay
### Carecam Sửa vi tínhthi công Điện Nhẹ, Mạng, Wifi, Camera, Khoá Vân Tay
Chủ đề bởi: thaitieuphong, 29/8/21, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Sửa chữa -
nạp mực máy in
Cung cấp lắp đặt sửa chữa camera,thiết bị mạng,tổng đài báo trộm...
### Cung cấp lắp đặt sửa chữa camera,thiết bị mạng,tổng đài báo trộm...
Chủ đề bởi: Camera Ngoi Sao, 26/6/21, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Sửa chữa
- nạp mực máy in
NÂNG CẤP CARD WI-FI TRÊN LAPTOP - CHÌA KHÓA TĂNG TỐC CHO HỆ THỐNG ÍT N
### NÂNG CẤP CARD WI-FI TRÊN LAPTOP - CHÌA KHÓA TĂNG TỐC CHO HỆ THỐNG ÍT N
Chủ đề bởi: ESupport 9999, 16/4/21, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Sửa chữa -
nạp mực máy in
Cty em chuyên nhận nạp mực in cho các dòng máy in.
### Cty em chuyên nhận nạp mực in cho các dòng máy in.
Chủ đề bởi: Hồ Đức bảo, 17/3/21, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Sửa chữa - nạp
mực máy in
HOT.nâng cấp wifi Laptop sony dell . support net nhanh ko cần mua new
### HOT.nâng cấp wifi Laptop sony dell . support net nhanh ko cần mua new
Chủ đề bởi: MM07, 1/2/21, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Sửa chữa - nạp mực
máy in
Vpro.Wifihp
### Bluetooth 4.0 HF Laptop music Edicton +conect keyboad teamiar hcm #
Chủ đề bởi: Vpro.Wifihp, 8/1/21, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Sửa chữa - nạp
mực máy in
Card WIFI 5.0 Gz cho laptop XSP nhanh hơnmarketing money make online #
### Card WIFI 5.0 Gz cho laptop XSP nhanh hơnmarketing money make online #
Chủ đề bởi: DELLXPS2001, 1/1/21, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Sửa chữa - nạp
mực máy in
Máy in laser trắng đen BROTHER DCP-L2520D
### Máy in laser trắng đen BROTHER DCP-L2520D
Chủ đề bởi: Nguyễn Thị Phúc Hòa, 29/12/20, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Sửa
chữa - nạp mực máy in
dellXPStudio79s
### CUNG CẤP DỊCH VỤ SỬA MÁY VI TÍNH LAPTOP TẬN NƠI #
Chủ đề bởi: dellXPStudio79s, 29/12/20, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Sửa chữa
- nạp mực máy in
Máy in phun màu BROTHER DCP-T310
### Máy in phun màu BROTHER DCP-T310
Chủ đề bởi: Nguyễn Thị Phúc Hòa, 28/12/20, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Sửa
chữa - nạp mực máy in
Wifi6800dell
### Thay card Wifi + 5GHz +300mb cho laptop ASUS X vô mạng nhanh#
Chủ đề bởi: Wifi6800dell, 27/12/20, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Sửa chữa -
nạp mực máy in
Máy in Brother DCP B7535DW
### Máy in Brother DCP B7535DW
Chủ đề bởi: Nguyễn Thị Phúc Hòa, 24/12/20, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Sửa
chữa - nạp mực máy in
WiFi+BT4.0 laptop Dell, Asus, mussic ediction
### WiFi+BT4.0 laptop Dell, Asus, mussic ediction
Chủ đề bởi: libboy779, 22/12/20, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Sửa chữa - nạp
mực máy in
Máy in Brother T710W
### Máy in Brother T710W
Chủ đề bởi: Nguyễn Thị Phúc Hòa, 22/12/20, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Sửa
chữa - nạp mực máy in
Best Hackintosh Laptops in 2020
### Best Hackintosh Laptops in 2020
Chủ đề bởi: Insider779, 28/11/20, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Sửa chữa -
nạp mực máy in
Cho thuê máy photo đường Lê Trọng Tấn quận Tân Phú
### Cho thuê máy photo đường Lê Trọng Tấn quận Tân Phú
Chủ đề bởi: lamthinh123, 12/8/20, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Sửa chữa -
nạp mực máy in
HaDoHKC
### Dịch vụ bảo trì server-máy chủ nội thành phố HCM
Chủ đề bởi: HaDoHKC, 29/5/20, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Sửa chữa - nạp
mực máy in
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### Tìm kiếm bài viết theo id
5giay - Sàn Mua Bán Online
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### Tình hình diễn đàn
1. dtechsc1205,
2. tungnguyennhadat,
3. buonsidochoi0987217952
Tổng: 645 (Thành viên: 3, Khách: 623, Robots: 19)
5giay - Sàn Mua Bán Online 5giay - Sàn Mua Bán Online
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### 5Giay
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* ### Điện thoại
* Mobile
* Điện thoại iPhone
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* ### Máy tính, Laptop
* Laptop
* Máy tính bảng
* Computer
* Dịch vụ sửa chữa, bảo trì máy tính
* ### 2banh - 4banh
* Xe máy, Môtô
* Phụ tùng và dịch vụ
* Xe ôtô
* ### Thời trang
* Giày dép, balo, túi xách
* Đồng hồ Phụ kiện
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* ### Máy ảnh, Camera
* Máy ảnh, Ống kính
* ### Điện máy
* Điện tử, điện lạnh, gia dụng
* Đồ chơi mô hình
* Ve chai điện tử
* ### Nhà Đất, Nội thất
* Nội thất xây dựng
* Nhà đất, bất động sản
* Việc làm, học hành
* ### Ẩm thực, Du lịch
* Ẩm thực
* Du lịch
* Thú cưng, thú nuôi
* Phụ kiện sinh vật cảnh
* ### Thảo luận
* Thảo luận Mobile
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* ### Sàn đấu giá
* Đấu giá hàng công nghệ
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Liên hệ quảng cáo : 0942.788.830 (Mr. Tới),
0903.945.050 (Miss. Hoàng Nhi)
Email: [email protected]
Báo Giá Quảng Cáo
Cty CP TM và DV Tin Học Nhật Nguyệt
(Quản lý website - không bán hàng)
Trụ sở:114 Đường số 2 Cư Xá Đô Thành P.4,Q.3,Tp.HCM
ĐKKD số: 0304899283. Đăng ký ngày: 26/03/2007
Cơ quan cấp ĐKKD: Sở Kế Hoạch & Đầu Tư Tp. HCM
Tel: 0942.788.830
Email: [email protected]
Báo Giá Quảng Cáo
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*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
|
spiderum_text/1875 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
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*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
|
spiderum_text/1407 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
### Đăng nhập & Đăng ký
5giay - Sàn Mua Bán Online
Trang chủ Thành viên > lucbinhgocam >
### Tìm kiếm bài viết theo id
lucbinhgocam
Hoạt động cuối:
20/2/23 lúc 07:10
Tham gia ngày:
20/3/12
Bài viết:
2,497
Đã được thích:
1
Điểm thành tích:
38
Tìm tất cả nội dung bởi lucbinhgocam
Tìm tất cả chủ đề bởi lucbinhgocam
### Người theo dõi 3
1. trickortreat
2. quoc_huan
Xem tất cả
Nơi ở:
Số 5, S5, P.Tây Thạnh
Nghề nghiệp:
100814818,101039482
### Chia sẻ trang này
Tweet
# lucbinhgocam
Thành Viên Cấp 5, đến từ Số 5, S5, P.Tây Thạnh
lucbinhgocam được nhìn thấy lần cuối:
20/2/23 lúc 07:10
* Tin nhắn hồ sơ
* Hoạt động gần đây
* Các bài đăng
* Thông tin
* Areas
* Hiện tại không có tin nhắn trong hồ sơ của lucbinhgocam.
* Đang tải... Xem
* Đang tải... Xem
* ### Giới thiệu
Nơi ở:
Số 5, S5, P.Tây Thạnh
Nghề nghiệp:
100814818,101039482
### Tương tác
Nội dung:
* Tìm tất cả nội dung bởi lucbinhgocam
* Tìm tất cả chủ đề bởi lucbinhgocam
### Chữ ký
NULL
* Đang tải... Xem
* Login with Facebook
Đăng nhập:
* Vâng, Mật khẩu của tôi là:
* Bạn đã quên mật khẩu?
Duy trì đăng nhập
Chưa có tài khoản? Đăng ký
### Tìm kiếm bài viết theo id
5giay - Sàn Mua Bán Online
Trang chủ Thành viên > lucbinhgocam >
### Tình hình diễn đàn
1. dtechsc1205,
2. tungnguyennhadat,
3. buonsidochoi0987217952,
4. doanvanvuon
Tổng: 657 (Thành viên: 4, Khách: 633, Robots: 20)
5giay - Sàn Mua Bán Online 5giay - Sàn Mua Bán Online
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* Xử lí box đấu giá
Liên hệ quảng cáo : 0942.788.830 (Mr. Tới),
0903.945.050 (Miss. Hoàng Nhi)
Email: [email protected]
Báo Giá Quảng Cáo
Cty CP TM và DV Tin Học Nhật Nguyệt
(Quản lý website - không bán hàng)
Trụ sở:114 Đường số 2 Cư Xá Đô Thành P.4,Q.3,Tp.HCM
ĐKKD số: 0304899283. Đăng ký ngày: 26/03/2007
Cơ quan cấp ĐKKD: Sở Kế Hoạch & Đầu Tư Tp. HCM
Tel: 0942.788.830
Email: [email protected]
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*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
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*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
|
spiderum_text/4359 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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Dchannel » Khuyến mãi
# Ưu đãi tặng gói Microsoft 365 (Office 365) cho khách hàng mua Galaxy S23
Ultra
Anh Tuấn Ngày đăng: 19 ngày trước Cập nhật: 9 ngày trước
Ưu đãi tặng gói Microsoft 365 \(Office 365\) cho khách hàng mua Galaxy S23
UltraƯu đãi tặng gói Microsoft 365 \(Office 365\) cho khách hàng mua Galaxy
S23 Ultra
Nội dung bài viết
1. 1\. Điều kiện áp dụng
2. 2\. Địa điểm áp dụng
3. 3\. Lưu ý
4. 4\. Hướng dẫn lấy mã ưu đãi
5. 5\. Hướng dẫn cài đặt Microsoft 365 và sử dụng mã ưu đãi
6. 6\. Quyền lợi khách hàng
Tặng gói Microsoft 365 Personal (1 năm) trị giá 1.290.000 VNĐ cho khách hàng
khi mua Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra tại các đại lý bán hàng trên toàn quốc.
## 1\. Điều kiện áp dụng
Sản phẩm áp dụng: Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra chính hãng
Đặt trước ngay:
Họ và tên (bắt buộc)
Số điện thoại (bắt buộc)
Email nhận thông tin phản hồi
Sản phẩm bạn đang quan tâm
\---Galaxy S23Galaxy S23 PlusGalaxy S23 Ultra
## 2\. Địa điểm áp dụng
Tại tất cả hệ thống bán lẻ Di Động Việt trên toàn quốc trong thời gian áp dụng
chương trình.
## 3\. Lưu ý
Chỉ áp dụng cho những máy đã được kích hoạt bảo hành MCS trong thời gian áp
dụng chương trình. Thời hạn bảo hành được xác nhận dựa vào thông tin bảo hành
điện tử thông qua ứng dụng CS One tải từ CH Play; hoặc dựa vào các công cụ
kiểm tra thời hạn bảo hành của Samsung; hoặc theo chứng từ mua hàng đối với
các sản phẩm bảo hành toàn cầu. KH có thể truy cập:
https://www.samsung.com/vn/support/mobile-devices/warranty- check/ để kiểm tra
thời hạn bảo hành.
• Mỗi máy Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra được lấy và sử dụng tối đa 01 mã ưu đãi
• Thời hạn lấy và kích hoạt mã ưu đãi: 17/02/2023 – 31/03/2023
## 4\. Hướng dẫn lấy mã ưu đãi
* Bước 1: Khách hàng tải và cài đặt ứng dụng Quà Tặng Galaxy (Galaxy Gift) tại Galaxy Store trên thiết bị Samsung được áp dụng chương trình.
* Bước 2: Trong thời gian diễn ra chương trình, khách hàng vào ứng dụng Quà tặng Galaxy (Galaxy Gift), chọn banner của chương trình, chọn “LẤY MÃ ƯU ĐÃI” để lấy bộ key 5 x 5 của Microsoft.
## 5\. Hướng dẫn cài đặt Microsoft 365 và sử dụng mã ưu đãi
Để cài đặt Microsoft 365, vui lòng ghé thăm trang web:
https://setup.office.com/ và làm theo các bước sau:
* Bước 1: Đăng nhập tài khoản Microsoft. Nếu chưa có tài khoản Microsoft thì chọn “Tạo tài khoản mới”. Nhập thông tin cá nhân và mã xác minh đã được gửi đến email đã đăng ký. Lưu ý: Để đảm bảo khách hàng có thể nhớ đầy đủ email và mật khẩu, sử dụng email đăng ký với Samsung DM Series để đăng ký tài khoản Microsoft.
Galaxy Tab S8 seriesGalaxy Tab S8 series
* Bước 2: Nhập chuỗi mã 5×5 của Microsoft được tặng kèm khi mua Galaxy DM Series
1. Chọn khu vực: Việt Nam
2. Tắt chế độ thanh toán định kỳ
3. Xác nhận
Galaxy Tab S8 seriesGalaxy Tab S8 series
* Bước 3: Tải ứng dụng Microsoft 365. Vào CH Play trên Galaxy DM Series, gõ từ khóa “Microsoft Office” để tải ứng dụng Office. Mở ứng dụng Office và đăng nhập với tài khoản Microsoft. Bắt đầu trải nghiệm Microsoft 365.
Galaxy Tab S8 seriesGalaxy Tab S8 series
## 6\. Quyền lợi khách hàng
Khách hàng sẽ được quyền lợi như sau khi tham gia chương trình
* Mỗi bản Microsoft 365 Personal có thời hạn sử dụng 1 năm (365 ngày). Mỗi tài khoản Microsoft có thể kích hoạt đồng thời lên tới 5 bản với thời gian sử dụng được cộng dồn tương ứng tối đa 5 năm.
* Sử dụng trên cùng lúc 5 thiết bị bao gồm PC , máy tính bảng và điện thoại (bao gồm Windows, MacOS, iOS và Android)
* Các phiên bản cao cấp của Word, Excel, PowerPoint, OneDrive, OneNote, Outlook, cộng với Publisher và Access chỉ cho PC Windows.
* 1TB lưu trữ đám mây OneDrive với bảo mật nâng cao
* Cộng tác trực tuyến trên cùng tài liệu với những người khác
* Hỗ trợ kỹ thuật từ Microsoft
Lưu ý: mã quà tặng có thể hết trước khi kết thúc chương trình mà không cần báo
trước.
Di Động Việt
5/5 - (1 bình chọn)
Điện thoạiĐiện thoại SamsungSamsung Galaxy SSamsung Galaxy S23 SeriesSamsung
Galaxy S23 Ultra
Đăng ký nhận bản tin
Nhận thông báo về sản phẩm mới và các tips công nghệ nhanh nhất từ Di Động
Việt
### Bình luận Hủy
Email của bạn sẽ không được hiển thị công khai. Các trường bắt buộc được đánh
dấu *
Lưu tên của tôi, email, và trang web trong trình duyệt này cho lần bình luận
kế tiếp của tôi.
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* OPPO Find N2 Flip giá bao nhiêu – Lí do nên mua OPPO Find N2 Flip ngayOPPO Find N2 Flip giá bao nhiêu – Lí do nên mua OPPO Find N2 Flip ngay
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* So sánh AirPods 2 và Galaxy Buds Plus: Sự khác biệt nằm ở đâu?So sánh AirPods 2 và Galaxy Buds Plus: Sự khác biệt nằm ở đâu?
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#### Hệ thống 58 cửa hàng Di Động Việt
Nơi có tất cả các sản phẩm Di Động Việt đang kinh doanh, và là
nơi Trade-in Thu cũ lên đời. Đặc biệt: Máy qua sử dụng giá rẻ,
Trả góp linh hoạt với nhiều phương thức.
* 316 Hùng Vương, Khu phố 3, Phường Xuân Bình, Long Khánh
* 13-15-17 Đường D1, Khu phố 4, P. Mỹ Phước, Thị xã Bến Cát, Bình Dương
* 237 Khánh Hội , phường 5 , Quận 4, Tp Hồ Chí Minh
* 23 Võ Văn Ngân, Linh Chiểu, Thủ Đức, Tp Hồ Chí Minh
* 967 Đ. Kha Vạn Cân Linh Chiểu, Thủ Đức, Tp Hồ Chí Minh
* 1270 Quang Trung, phường 14, Quận Gò Vấp
* 177 Lê Hồng Phong, TP Vũng Tàu
* 574 Cách Mạng Tháng 8, TP. Tây Ninh
Xem tất cả 58 cửa hàng Di Động Việt
#### Hệ thống 05 cửa hàng SiS Mobifone - Di Động Việt
Hệ thống liên kết theo mô hình Shop in Shop (SiS) giữa Mobifone và Di
Động Việt. Nơi chỉ bán điện thoại Samsung, Oppo, Vsmart, Xiaomi với giá rẻ
nhất thị trường.
* 80 Nguyễn Du, P. Bến Nghé, Quận 1, TP.HCM
* 291A Tô Hiến Thành, P. 13, Quận 10, TP.HCM
* 122A Phan Đăng Lưu, Phường 3, Quận Phú Nhuận, TP.HCM
* 365 Cộng Hòa, P. 13, Quận Tân Bình, TP.HCM
* 254 Lê Văn Việt, P. Tăng Nhơn Phú A, Quận 9, TP.HCM
Xem tất cả 05 cửa hàng SiS Mobifone - Di Động Việt
* Mua hàng trả góp
* Chính sách bảo hành
* Chính sách đổi trả
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* Hướng dẫn mua hàng từ xa
* Dchannel
* Khuyến mãi trong tháng
* Trade-in thu cũ lên đời
* Tra cứu điểm thành viên
* Phụ kiện chính hãng
* Tuyển dụng mới nhất
* Trung tâm bảo hành Apple
* Gọi tư vấn máy - phụ kiện (08:30 – 21:30)
1800.6018
* Khiếu nại - Góp ý (08:00 – 21:30)
1800.6306
* Bảo hành - Hỗ trợ kỹ thuật (09:00 – 21:00)
1800.6729
* Gọi mua hàng từ xa (08:00 – 21:30)
1800.6729
Kết nối Di Động Việt
Hỗ trợ thanh toán
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StatusDMCA.com Protection Status
CÔNG TY TNHH CÔNG NGHỆ DI ĐỘNG VIỆT - 75/35 Nguyễn Cửu Vân, Phường 17, Quận
Bình Thạnh, TP Hồ Chí Minh.
Mã số doanh nghiệp: 0312193244, ngày cấp: 05/03/2021, nơi cấp: Sở kế hoạch và
đầu tư thành phố Hồ Chí Minh
MST:0312193244.
Chủ sở hữu: Nguyễn Ngọc Đạt - Điện thoại: 1800.6018 (miễn phí) - Email:
[email protected] - Bản quyền thuộc về Di Động Việt.
* Tổng hợp
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* Trên tay
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* AAR
* Sự kiện
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* Kiến thức
* Youtube
* Khuyến mãi
* Tuyển dụng
CÔNG TY TNHH CÔNG NGHỆ DI ĐỘNG VIỆT - 75/35 Nguyễn Cửu Vân, Phường 17, Quận
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MST:0312193244.
Chủ sở hữu: Nguyễn Ngọc Đạt - Điện thoại: 1800.6018 (miễn phí) - Email:
[email protected] - Bản quyền thuộc về Di Động Việt.
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*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
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spiderum_text/311 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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# Google News Initiative
## Online Audio and Video Media
### Mountain View, CA 44,154 followers
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* * * * * * ## About us
Partnering with journalists and publishers to build a stronger future for
news.
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## Updates
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* * * * * * Italian publisher Corriere della Sera turned its focus to local news to increase coverage in local communities & build new revenue streams. With support from GNI, the teams turned nine local editions into profitable, essential pieces of the national news puzzle. Find out how → https://goo.gle/3XsUg2B
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* * * * * * Check out WAN-IFRA, the World Association of News Publishers's new report on building and engaging audiences, including 15 case studies from European news publishers that embraced an audiences-first mindset during their participation in Table Stakes Europe, a WAN-IFRA programme that we're proud to support!
WAN-IFRA, the World Association of News Publishers
6,042 followers
2w Edited
Free new report: “Building and engaging specific audiences” features
guidelines for news companies to switch from addressing the general audience
to serving the needs of key audiences vital to their growth on digital
platforms. The report includes 15 case studies from European news publishers
that embraced an audiences-first mindset during their participation in Table
Stakes Europe, a WAN-IFRA programme in partnership with Google News
Initiative. We highlight strategies the publishers used to engage five
specific audiences: \- Young readers \- Local sports enthusiasts \- People
interested in crime and investigations \- Families looking for local services
and activities \- Niche audiences The report is available free for download in
English, French, German and Spanish. ➡ Read more and download:
https://lnkd.in/ejHwHCA4 cc Vincent Peyrègne Ana Rocha de Paiva Alexandra
Borchardt Pepe Cerezo Stephane Mayoux Lyndsey Jones Laurel Wennen Martin
Fröhlich Valérie Arnould #TableStakesEurope #AudiencesFirst
#DigitalTransformation
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* * * * * * Google News Initiative 現正舉辦網絡研討會，希望幫助出版商以及新聞組織順利過渡到GA4平台」 立即參加: https://goo.gle/3wK8kcU
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* * * * * * Congrats to Dr. Benjamin F. Chavis, Jr. on his Lifetime Achievement Award, presented at last week’s National Newspaper Publishers Association's Midwinter Training Conference! We were proud to support the event, which gathered more than 40 publishers from Black news orgs to share best practices on digital innovation. It was great to reconnect with many alumni of the Ad Transformation Lab, our program to help BIPOC publishers grow digital ad revenue. Learn more here: https://goo.gle/3YdVb84
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* * * * * * EMEA publishers: Check out our upcoming labs, in partnership with FT Strategies. Define your D2C future with our Digital Revenue Launchpad: https://goo.gle/3YtVoDP Accelerate your reader revenue streams with our Subscriptions Academy: https://goo.gle/40z9qWO Apply by Feb 10.
### Digital Revenue Launchpad | GNI Programmes | FT Strategies -
Subscriptions consultancy from the Financial Times
#### programmes.ftstrategies.com
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* * * * * * Nous avons collaboré avec EBRA, un groupe de presse régional de premier plan en France, pour augmenter de 110 % le nombre de ses abonnés numériques. La stratégie consistait à recadrer l'organisation, en faisant de l'expérience utilisateur la priorité absolue, permettant également d'améliorer les clics sur le paywall de l'application et de réduire le taux de désabonnement. https://goo.gle/40DX9QI
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* * * * * * We partnered with Groupe EBRA, a leading regional news group in France, to increase their digital subscribers by 110%. The strategy included re-focusing the organization, making customer experience its top priority which also improved click-throughs on the app’s paywall and improved churn. Learn more: https://goo.gle/3YcNBe4
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* * * * * * Google 뉴스 이니셔티브는 언론사의 Google Analytics 4 활용을 지원하기 위해 웨비나를 주최합니다. 하기 링크를 통해 교육 및 상담을 신청하세요: https://goo.gle/3RlY18l
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* * * * * * Nearing bankruptcy, a collective of 6 newspapers covering Quebec banded together to form an employee-owned cooperative, and Les coops de l'information was born. Hear from Marc Gendron, Kim Alarie & Hugo Fontaine and learn how they are navigating journalism’s digital transformation ▶ https://goo.gle/3JJlFde
### Les coops de l'information: A Collaborative Approach to Digital
Transformation in Quebec
#### https://www.youtube.com/
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* * * * * * The AFRO-American Newspapers is the oldest, family-owned, African American publisher in the United States. For 130 years, they’ve provided news about the Black Community not otherwise found. See how they partnered with the Google News Initiative to grow digital revenue ▶ https://goo.gle/3WUSCqb
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Send feedback
# Create and handle custom event triggers
Stay organized with collections Save and categorize content based on your
preferences.
With Cloud Functions (2nd gen),you can trigger functions in response to custom
events. These are events provided by special or additional event providers, as
opposed to the Firebase events natively supported by the Firebase SDK for
Cloud Functions. Via custom event triggers, your app can respond to events
provided by Firebase Extensions, or you can publish your own custom events and
trigger functions in response to them.
Note: Cloud Functions for Firebase (2nd gen) is a public preview. This means
that the functionality might change in backward-incompatible ways. A preview
is not subject to any SLA or deprecation policy and may receive limited or no
support.
All custom events conform to the CloudEvents JSON event format and are
published to Eventarc. Eventarc usage fees apply.
## Trigger functions with custom events
You can publish custom events (or obtain events from Firebase extensions) and
trigger functions in response to those events by implementing this basic flow:
1. Publish the desired events to an Eventarc channel, or identify available events provided by an extension that you have installed.
2. In your function code, subscribe to events on the Eventarc channel with an `onCustomEventPublished` handler.
3. In the function, parse the payload returned in the CloudEvent object and perform whatever custom logic your app requires.
For example, a game app might want to send notifications to users as they
enter or leave the leaderboard of top ten competitors. This app could publish
leaderboard events to the default channel, and then handle the event in a
function that sends targeted push notifications to users.
In another example, an extension designed to help apps process large images
might emit an event on the completion of image resizing. Apps with this
extension installed could handle the completion event by updating links in the
app to point to resized versions of the image.
### Publish an event to a channel
Eventarc events are published into channels. Channels are a way to group
related events and manage access permissions. When you install an extension or
deploy a function that consumes custom events, Firebase automatically creates
a default channel named `firebase` in the `us-central1` region. The Firebase
Admin SDK provides an `eventarc` subpackage for publishing to channels.
To publish an event from a trusted server (or another function) using the
default channel:
import {getEventarc} from 'firebase-admin/eventarc';
getEventarc().channel().publish({
type: 'achieved-leaderboard',
subject: 'Welcome to the top 10',
data: {
message: 'You have achieved the nth position in our leaderboard! To see . . .'
}
});
In addition to automatically creating the default channel, Firebase sets the
environment variable `EVENTARC_CLOUD_EVENT_SOURCE`, which specifies the source
of the event. If you are publishing events outside of Cloud Functions for
Firebase, you'll need to explicitly add the `source` field in your event
payload.
### Handle events with `onCustomEventPublished`
You can handle all custom events, including extensions events, with the
`onCustomEventPublished` handler. First, import this handler from the Eventarc
SDK along with the Firebase Admin SDK for Node.js for your custom logic and
the `logger` SDK for handling errors:
const {onCustomEventPublished} = require("firebase-functions/v2/eventarc");
const logger = require("firebase-functions/logger");
const {initializeApp} = require("firebase-admin/app");
const {getFirestore} = require("firebase-admin/firestore");
index.js
In your function code, pass in the event name as shown for the example
function `onimageresized`:
exports.onimageresized = onCustomEventPublished(
"firebase.extensions.storage-resize-images.v1.complete",
(event) => {
logger.info("Received image resize completed event", event);
// For example, write resized image details into Firestore.
return getFirestore()
.collection("images")
.doc(event.subject.replace("/", "_")) // original file path
.set(event.data); // resized images paths and sizes
});
index.js
For each particular extension, the payload returned in the event object
provides data you can use to perform custom logic for your application flow.
In this case, the function uses the Admin SDK to copy metadata about the
resized image to a collection in Cloud Firestore, obtaining the filename from
the `subject` provided by the event, and saving metadata from the `data`
provided by the event.
### Publish and handle events on non-default channels
Custom channels can be useful for cases where you have special permission
needs or other requirements, and don't want the same level of visibility and
access for all events. You can create your own channels using the Google Cloud
console. Publishing and subscribing for events must be done on the same
channel.
In cases where a custom event is published on a non-default channel, you'll
need to specify the channel in your function code. For example, if you want to
handle events that are published in a non-default channel for the `us-west1`
location, you need to specify the channel as shown:
import { onCustomEventPublished } from "firebase-functions/v2/eventarc";
export const func = onCustomEventPublished(
{
eventType: "firebase.extensions.storage-resize-images.v1.complete",
channel: "locations/us-west1/channels/firebase",
region: "us-west1",
},
(event) => { ... });
Send feedback
Except as otherwise noted, the content of this page is licensed under the
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License, and code samples are licensed under
the Apache 2.0 License. For details, see the Google Developers Site Policies.
Java is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Last updated 2023-02-13 UTC.
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# Has Remote Work Peaked?
* Report this post
Get Hired by LinkedIn News
### Get Hired by LinkedIn News
Published Oct 7, 2022
\+ Follow
By Brandi Fowler
In Brief: (1) Most workers will choose a flexible work model if given the
opportunity. (2) Fully remote work opportunities aren’t as prevalent as in
2020, but remote work appears to be here to stay. (3) You can still find
remote work opportunities. Searching job boards like Flexjobs and
WeWorkRemotely can help.
The COVID-19 pandemic changed how employers and workers looked at remote work.
Working from home became a necessity in 2020, but some employers are demanding
employees return to the office part- or full-time now that life is returning
to a new normal. LinkedIn data showed 15.9% (about 1 in 6) of U.S. paid job
postings offered remote work in August 2022, decreasing steadily from a high
of 19.8% in March 2022 but still up from 13.2% in August 2021 last year. So,
has the supply of remote work flattened for good?
## Employees Remain Drawn to Remote Work
Employees had a taste of remote work life, and many don’t want it to end.
In July 2022, LinkedIn data showed that paid remote jobs on LinkedIn (15.9%)
attracted a majority of applications (52.9%) and nearly a majority of views
(46.0%) compared to on-site jobs. The number of applications increased
dramatically since data tracking began in January 2020, when 2.2% of remote
jobs attracted 2.9% of applications.
“[I’ve seen a] huge increase [in interest around remote work], especially
amongst my generation, my groups of friends, late 20s, 30s. I feel like people
are constantly reaching out to me…whether their reason is to spend more time
with family or just have more flexibility. I've seen a huge increase in
interest.
“I think [people are drawn to remote work because of the desire for] more
flexibility. The pandemic had a lot of people spending more time at home and
less time just being busy, and so many people started rethinking about what
their priorities were. My mom's age group, who are becoming grandmothers, just
want to spend more time with family. People in my specific community of
digital nomads, [their reason] is obviously just to be able to travel. Less
commute, being able to cook lunch, or do your laundry during the day [are also
reasons]. There is just so much flexibility instead of wasting your time
sitting in traffic, or sitting in an office having Zoom meetings.”
— Tayler Gill is a digital nomad career coach and travel content creator.
💡In real life: “Remote work is here to stay,” the New York Federal Reserve
found in a new survey. “Looking ahead, this level of remote working is
expected to decline only modestly, and only among service firms. Next year,
service firms expect about 18% of work to be conducted remotely. Manufacturers
already appear to have adjusted to a new normal of about 7% of manufacturing
hours worked remotely.”
“People have lives, and people's lives and work sometimes are in conflict. The
term prior to the pandemic was work-life balance. I think now, more commonly,
it's being referred to as work-life integration. When we have access to remote
work, it's a form of work flexibility. The ability to be flexible and work and
live in a way that works best for you is attractive to employees because it
gives them choice. And choice is that underlying value that people want to
bring into their lives. I think people gravitate towards having a choice and
the say in how and when they get their work done, and how and when they live
their life.”
— Michael Gutman is a remote work consultant and educator.
No alt text provided for this image
## Remote Work Appears to Be Here to Stay
The amount of fully remote work opportunities may be decreasing, but remote
work doesn’t seem to be going anywhere soon. People are still applying for
work-from-home positions despite the decline.
💡In real life: LinkedIn data shows 63.6% of job applicants applied to at least
one remote job in August 2022, significantly increasing from 39.9% in August
2021 and 22.7% in August 2020.
“I believe that in the next 20 years, we are going to see an increase in
remote work, but we are in the middle of the battleground. The battleground is
one in which we work in a multi-generational workforce, where the leaders are
entrenched in what they know best. Oftentimes, that is working in the office.
So because they are in leadership positions, it means they have power. And
ultimately what happens is leadership decides that they want their employees
to adopt the style of work that leadership feels most comfortable working in.
“As time goes on, our tech-enabled generations, the ones that grew up with
iPhones, are going to be the leaders. Those are the ones who are going to be
dictating what type of work environment we live in. And because they are tech-
enabled from birth and born into an environment where they can work and
communicate and build relationships remotely, I believe that [remote work
will] be here to stay.”
— Michael Gutman
## Where Can People Find Remote Jobs?
Since the desire for remote work is still strong and the number of companies
offering fully-remote work is decreasing, we may soon see a situation where
demand for remote work outweighs supply.
LinkedIn data showed technology, information, and media (41.7%), professional
services (27.7%), education (25%), and administrative and support services
(24.1%) were the industries with the greatest percentage of paid remote job
postings in August 2022 and have been the top four industries since August
2020.
If you are interested in working remotely, the best thing you can do is apply
now.
Searching job boards for remote work, such as FlexJobs (for people based in
the U.S.), Dynamite Circle, We Work Remotely, and Remote OK can help you land
a work-from-home position, according to LinkedIn News.
Networking is also crucial, as is keeping an eye on industries with high
remote work rates.
Gill also created a spreadsheet of over 100 companies hiring for remote
positions to help.
## Explore more
* Digital Nomad Jobs Are Rising In New Era of Work by Brandi Fowler for LinkedIn News
* Four Myths About In-Person Work Dispelled by Heidi Grant and Tal Goldhamer for Harvard Business Review
* Salary Setbacks Might Be A Reality For Some Remote Workers by Natalie Campisi for Nasdaq
* Is Remote Work Here to Stay? An Inside Look at How This Shift Could Dramatically Change Cities, by Andrii Parkhomenko and Eunjee Kwon for Fast Company
* A New Fed Study Shows Remote Work Is Here to Stay, Ben Winck for Business Insider
* America’s New Work Havens: 20 Cities That Pursue Faraway Jobs, George Anders for LinkedIn News
## Meet the experts
Michael Gutman is a remote work consultant and educator. He has also been a
LinkedIn Learning author for over six years.
Tayler Gill is a digital nomad career coach and travel content creator. She
educates and inspires people about how to build meaningful lives as digital
nomads.
Uncover more great insights to help navigate your career in our workplace
content hub.
890 13 Comments
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John Bodine
I would love to put my skills to work and make some income!
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4mo
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Usamah Hayes
My workout time has replaced my commute, I get a few miles run in on top of my
strength training every morning instead of sitting in traffic. My lunch
commute is a walk in the reserve in back of my house with my wife. Still
waiting for the grandkids though. I spotted this critter soaking up some 🌞 in
the reserve last week.
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4mo
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Lisa Dupras NCOPE, CPH
There are lots of jobs not identified as remote but could be. Employees need
to show their worth and then ask for work from home or hybrid. It often works!
Here's a blog I wrote on the topic:
https://www.elev8youcoaching.com/post/do_work_from_home_jobs_exist
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Pamela Weaver
Good to know!
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4mo
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Shanta Nunn-Baro
Thanks. I thinks remote work also breaks down barriers for individuals who
face physical mobility issues.
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4mo
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LinkedIn User
Things are definitely changing- change is good!
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4mo
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Kumala Sari
Thank you for sharing and useful ❤❤❤
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4mo
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Stefan Y.
Never, ever, say secure.
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4mo
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Dawn Lutgen
Brittany Plante
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Ayub Youssef
Remote Work has just started. The world is changing ;)
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spiderum_text/4738 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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spiderum_text/1066 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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* Overview
* generatetags
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* platformTypes
* Overview
* get
* list
* postalCodes
* Overview
* get
* list
* projects
* Overview
* get
* list
* regions
* Overview
* list
* remarketingListShares
* Overview
* get
* patch
* update
* remarketingLists
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* reports
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* run
* update
* reports.compatibleFields
* Overview
* query
* reports.files
* Overview
* get
* list
* sites
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* sizes
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* subaccounts
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* targetableRemarketingLists
* Overview
* get
* list
* targetingTemplates
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* userProfiles
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRolePermissionGroups
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRolePermissions
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRoles
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* videoFormats
* Overview
* get
* list
* Types
* Activities
* ChannelGrouping
* ClickThroughUrlSuffixProperties
* Compatibility
* Conversion
* ConversionStatus
* CustomRichMediaEvents
* DayPartTargeting
* DefaultClickThroughEventTagProperties
* DeliveryType
* Dimension
* DimensionValue
* EmailOwnerDeliveryType
* EncryptionInfo
* EventFilter
* EventTagOverride
* File
* FileList
* GeoTargeting
* KeyValueTargetingExpression
* LanguageTargeting
* LastModifiedInfo
* ListTargetingExpression
* LookbackConfiguration
* MatchType
* ObaIcon
* PathFilter
* PathMatchPosition
* PricingSchedule
* Recipient
* RepeatsOnWeekDays
* RunsOnDayOfMonth
* SortOrder
* SortedDimension
* TagSetting
* TechnologyTargeting
* VideoOffset
* v3.4
* Overview
* Dimensions, Metrics, and Filters
* REST Resources
* accountActiveAdSummaries
* Overview
* get
* accountPermissionGroups
* Overview
* get
* list
* accountPermissions
* Overview
* get
* list
* accountUserProfiles
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* accounts
* Overview
* get
* list
* patch
* update
* ads
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertiserGroups
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertiserLandingPages
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertisers
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* browsers
* Overview
* list
* campaignCreativeAssociations
* Overview
* insert
* list
* campaigns
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* changeLogs
* Overview
* get
* list
* cities
* Overview
* list
* connectionTypes
* Overview
* get
* list
* contentCategories
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* conversions
* Overview
* batchinsert
* batchupdate
* countries
* Overview
* get
* list
* creativeAssets
* Overview
* insert
* creativeFieldValues
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creativeFields
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creativeGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creatives
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* dimensionValues
* Overview
* query
* directorySites
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* dynamicTargetingKeys
* Overview
* delete
* insert
* list
* eventTags
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* files
* Overview
* get
* list
* floodlightActivities
* Overview
* delete
* generatetag
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* floodlightActivityGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* floodlightConfigurations
* Overview
* get
* list
* patch
* update
* inventoryItems
* Overview
* get
* list
* languages
* Overview
* list
* metros
* Overview
* list
* mobileApps
* Overview
* get
* list
* mobileCarriers
* Overview
* get
* list
* operatingSystemVersions
* Overview
* get
* list
* operatingSystems
* Overview
* get
* list
* orderDocuments
* Overview
* get
* list
* orders
* Overview
* get
* list
* placementGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* placementStrategies
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* placements
* Overview
* generatetags
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* platformTypes
* Overview
* get
* list
* postalCodes
* Overview
* get
* list
* projects
* Overview
* get
* list
* regions
* Overview
* list
* remarketingListShares
* Overview
* get
* patch
* update
* remarketingLists
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* reports
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* run
* update
* reports.compatibleFields
* Overview
* query
* reports.files
* Overview
* get
* list
* sites
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* sizes
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* subaccounts
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* targetableRemarketingLists
* Overview
* get
* list
* targetingTemplates
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* userProfiles
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRolePermissionGroups
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRolePermissions
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRoles
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* videoFormats
* Overview
* get
* list
* Types
* Activities
* ChannelGrouping
* ClickThroughUrlSuffixProperties
* Compatibility
* Conversion
* ConversionStatus
* CustomRichMediaEvents
* DayPartTargeting
* DefaultClickThroughEventTagProperties
* DeliveryType
* Dimension
* DimensionValue
* EmailOwnerDeliveryType
* EncryptionInfo
* EventFilter
* EventTagOverride
* File
* FileList
* GeoTargeting
* KeyValueTargetingExpression
* LanguageTargeting
* LastModifiedInfo
* ListTargetingExpression
* LookbackConfiguration
* MatchType
* ObaIcon
* PathFilter
* PathMatchPosition
* PricingSchedule
* Recipient
* RepeatsOnWeekDays
* RunsOnDayOfMonth
* SortOrder
* SortedDimension
* TagSetting
* TechnologyTargeting
* VideoOffset
* v3.3
* Overview
* Dimensions, Metrics, and Filters
* REST Resources
* accountActiveAdSummaries
* Overview
* get
* accountPermissionGroups
* Overview
* get
* list
* accountPermissions
* Overview
* get
* list
* accountUserProfiles
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* accounts
* Overview
* get
* list
* patch
* update
* ads
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertiserGroups
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertiserLandingPages
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertisers
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* browsers
* Overview
* list
* campaignCreativeAssociations
* Overview
* insert
* list
* campaigns
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* changeLogs
* Overview
* get
* list
* cities
* Overview
* list
* connectionTypes
* Overview
* get
* list
* contentCategories
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* conversions
* Overview
* batchinsert
* batchupdate
* countries
* Overview
* get
* list
* creativeAssets
* Overview
* insert
* creativeFieldValues
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creativeFields
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creativeGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creatives
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* dimensionValues
* Overview
* query
* directorySites
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* dynamicTargetingKeys
* Overview
* delete
* insert
* list
* eventTags
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* files
* Overview
* get
* list
* floodlightActivities
* Overview
* delete
* generatetag
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* floodlightActivityGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* floodlightConfigurations
* Overview
* get
* list
* patch
* update
* inventoryItems
* Overview
* get
* list
* languages
* Overview
* list
* metros
* Overview
* list
* mobileApps
* Overview
* get
* list
* mobileCarriers
* Overview
* get
* list
* operatingSystemVersions
* Overview
* get
* list
* operatingSystems
* Overview
* get
* list
* orderDocuments
* Overview
* get
* list
* orders
* Overview
* get
* list
* placementGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* placementStrategies
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* placements
* Overview
* generatetags
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* platformTypes
* Overview
* get
* list
* postalCodes
* Overview
* get
* list
* projects
* Overview
* get
* list
* regions
* Overview
* list
* remarketingListShares
* Overview
* get
* patch
* update
* remarketingLists
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* reports
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* run
* update
* reports.compatibleFields
* Overview
* query
* reports.files
* Overview
* get
* list
* sites
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* sizes
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* subaccounts
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* targetableRemarketingLists
* Overview
* get
* list
* targetingTemplates
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* userProfiles
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRolePermissionGroups
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRolePermissions
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRoles
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* videoFormats
* Overview
* get
* list
* Types
* Activities
* ClickThroughUrlSuffixProperties
* Compatibility
* Conversion
* ConversionStatus
* CustomRichMediaEvents
* DayPartTargeting
* DefaultClickThroughEventTagProperties
* DeliveryType
* Dimension
* DimensionValue
* EmailOwnerDeliveryType
* EncryptionInfo
* EventTagOverride
* File
* FileList
* GeoTargeting
* KeyValueTargetingExpression
* LanguageTargeting
* LastModifiedInfo
* ListTargetingExpression
* LookbackConfiguration
* PricingSchedule
* Recipient
* RepeatsOnWeekDays
* RunsOnDayOfMonth
* SortOrder
* SortedDimension
* TagSetting
* TechnologyTargeting
* VideoOffset
* * Standard Query Parameters
* Upload Media
The Campaign Manager 360 API v3.5 is deprecated and will be sunset on Apr 20,
2023. All users must migrate to a newer API version by that date.
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# Method: accounts.update
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preferences.
Updates an existing account.
### HTTP request
`PUT
https://dfareporting.googleapis.com/dfareporting/v4/userprofiles/{profileId}/accounts`
The URL uses gRPC Transcoding syntax.
### Path parameters
Parameters
`profileId`
`string (int64 format)`
User profile ID associated with this request.
### Request body
The request body contains an instance of `Account`.
### Response body
If successful, the response body contains an instance of `Account`.
### Authorization Scopes
Requires the following OAuth scope:
* `https://www.googleapis.com/auth/dfatrafficking`
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the Apache 2.0 License. For details, see the Google Developers Site Policies.
Java is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Last updated 2022-06-14 UTC.
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the information I need" },{ "type": "thumb-down", "id":
"tooComplicatedTooManySteps", "label":"Too complicated / too many steps" },{
"type": "thumb-down", "id": "outOfDate", "label":"Out of date" },{ "type":
"thumb-down", "id": "samplesCodeIssue", "label":"Samples / code issue" },{
"type": "thumb-down", "id": "otherDown", "label":"Other" }] [{ "type":
"thumb-up", "id": "easyToUnderstand", "label":"Easy to understand" },{ "type":
"thumb-up", "id": "solvedMyProblem", "label":"Solved my problem" },{ "type":
"thumb-up", "id": "otherUp", "label":"Other" }] Need to tell us more?
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*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
|
spiderum_text/5178 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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# Firebase Admin .NET SDK Release Notes
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preferences.
To review release notes for the Firebase console and for other Firebase
platforms and related SDKs, refer to the Firebase Release Notes.
## Version 2.3.0 - 24 March, 2022
### Cloud Messaging
* Added a series of new parameters to the `AndroidNotification` class that allow further customization of notifications that target Android devices. Thanks levimatheri for the contribution.
## Version 2.2.0 - 17 June, 2021
### Authentication
* Added the missing `EMAIL_NOT_FOUND` error code.
* Added support for using the authorization code flow with OpenID Connect (OIDC) providers.
## Version 2.1.0 - 14 April, 2021
### Authentication
* `FirebaseAuth` and `TenantManager` APIs now support running against Firebase emulator suite. Enable the emulator mode by setting the `FIREBASE_AUTH_EMULATOR_HOST` environment variable to point to the emulator Auth endpoint. Thanks floppydisken for the contribution.
## Version 2.0.0 - 04 November, 2020
* Dropped support for `netstandard1.5` and `net45` target frameworks. Developers are now required to use `netstandard2.0` or `net461`. Thanks DenSmoke for the contribution.
* Upgraded the dependency `Google.Api.Gax` to the latest major version. Refer to the migration guide for more details on how this change might affect your code.
### Cloud Messaging
* `MulticastMessage` and `SendAllAsync()` APIs now support sending up to 500 messages in a batch.
## Version 1.17.1 - 14 October, 2020
### Authentication
* Updated the `createCustomToken()` API to use the new IAM credentials API for remote token signing.
## Version 1.17.0 - 30 September, 2020
* Support for `net45` and `netstandard1.5` frameworks has been deprecated. Developers are advised to use `net461` or `netstandard2.0`.
## Version 1.16.0 - 09 September, 2020
### Authentication
* Added `TenantManager` class, which provides APIs for creating, updating, retrieving and deleting tenants in GCIP-enabled Firebase projects.
* Added `TenantAwareFirebaseAuth` class, which provides APIs for tenant-scoped user management, token verification and IdP configuration management.
* Added `TenantNotFound` and `TenantIdMismatch` error codes to the `AuthErrorCode` enum.
* Added the nullable property `TenantId` to `UserRecord` and `FirebaseToken` classes.
* Fixed a bug in the `ImportUsersAsync()` API that was preventing the correct handling of user import errors.
## Version 1.15.0 - 29 July, 2020
### Authentication
* Added `OidcProviderConfig` and `SamlProviderConfig` classes for representing OIDC and SAML identity provider configurations.
* Added new APIs to `FirebaseAuth` to facilitate creating, retrieving, updating and deleting identity provider configurations.
## Version 1.14.0 - 17 June, 2020
### Authentication
* Added a new `ImportUsersAsync()` API for importing users in bulk.
## Version 1.13.0 - 29 May, 2020
### Authentication
* Added `GetUsersAsync()` and `DeleteUsersAsync()` APIs for retrieving and deleting user accounts in bulk.
## Version 1.12.0 - 06 May, 2020
### Authentication
* Added `CreateSessionCookieAsync()` method for creating Firebase session cookies from valid ID tokens.
* Added `VerifySessionCookieAsync()` method for verifying Firebase session cookies in backend applications.
## Version 1.11.0 - 23 April, 2020
### Authentication
* Added `RevokeRefreshTokensAsync()` API for revoking any previously issued refresh tokens to a user.
* Added `VerifyIdTokenAsync()` API overload that checks if a given ID token has been revoked since it was issued.
## Version 1.10.0 - 09 April, 2020
### Authentication
* Added `GeneratePasswordResetLinkAsync()` method for generating links for password reset flows.
* Added `GenerateEmailVerificationLinkAsync()` method for generating links for email verification flows.
* Added `GenerateSignInWithEmailLinkAsync()` method for generating links for email link sign-in flows.
## Version 1.9.2 - 11 February, 2020
### Authentication
* User management APIs now correctly raise `ErrorCode.AlreadyExists` when an already in-use email address is specified for a user. Thanks kcieslinski for the contribution.
## Version 1.9.1 - 16 October, 2019
* SDK automatically retries HTTP requests that are failing due to low-level I/O errors and HTTP 503 errors.
### Authentication
* `ExportedUserRecord` does not expose password hashes that are redacted due to lack of permissions in the service account credentials.
* Fixed an issue with IAM-based custom token signing, that resulted in permission errors.
## Version 1.9.0 - 18 September, 2019
* Fixed an issue that caused async API calls to deadlock in some environments. Thanks NiCoTinEz for the contribution.
### Authentication
* Introduced a new `FirebaseAuthException` class and an `AuthErrorCode` enum type for improved error handling support. All user management APIs now throw instances of the `FirebaseAuthException` class. This is a subclass of the existing `FirebaseException` type.
* ID token verification APIs now throw instances of the `FirebaseAuthException` class.
* `CreateCustomTokenAsync()` APIs now throw `FirebaseAuthException` if an error occurs while signing custom tokens. If the service account is not correctly configured, this API throws an `InvalidOperationException`.
## Version 1.8.0 - August 07, 2019
### Cloud Messaging
* Added `SubscribeToTopicAsync()` and `UnsubscribeFromTopicAsync()` methods to the `FirebaseMessaging` class for managing topic subscriptions. Thanks Leo-Mepham for the contribution.
* Added support for specifying the analytics label for notifications via `AndroidFcmOptions`, `ApnsFcmOptions` and `FcmOptions` classes. Thanks RannyRanny for the contribution.
* Introduced a new `FirebaseMessagingException` class and a `MessagingErrorCode` enum type for improved error handling support. All FCM APIs now throw instances of the `FirebaseMessagingException` class. This is a subclass of the existing `FirebaseException` type.
## Version 1.7.0 - June 27, 2019
* Added `netstandard2.0` to the `TargetFrameworks` list of the package.
* Began compiling releases on the .NET Framework instead of Mono. This should resolve some of the library linkage issues reported by developers on previous versions of the SDK.
### Authentication
* Added the `CreateUserAsync()` method for creating new user accounts.
* Added the `UpdateUserAsync()` method for updating exiting user accounts.
* Added the `ListUsersAsync()` method for listing or iterating over all users accounts in a Firebase project. Thanks ChristopherLenz for the contribution.
## Version 1.6.0 - June 05, 2019
### Authentication
* Added `GetUserByEmailAsync()` and `GetUserByPhoneNumberAsync()` methods for retrieving user accounts.
### Cloud Messaging
* Added `WebpushFcmOptions` API for specifying Webpush-specific notification options. Thanks Odonno for the contribution.
## Version 1.5.0 - May 30, 2019
### Authentication
* Added a new `GetUserAsync()` method that allows retrieving user accounts.
* Added a new `DeleteUserAsync()` method that allows deleting user accounts.
## Version 1.4.0 - April 18, 2019
* The `AppOptions` class now supports specifying an `HttpClientFactory`, which is useful when deploying the SDK behind a proxy server.
## Version 1.3.0 - March 28, 2019
### Cloud Messaging
* Added a new `SendMulticastAsync()` API for sending a message to a list of device registration tokens. Thanks kentcb for the contribution.
* Added a new `SendAllAsync()` API for sending a list of messages as a single batch. Thanks kentcb for the contribution.
## Version 1.2.1 - March 20, 2019
### Authentication
* The `VerifyIdTokenAsync()` method now tolerates a clock skew of up to 5 minutes when comparing JWT timestamps.
## Version 1.2.0 - February 14, 2019
### Cloud Messaging
* A new `FirebaseMessaging` class for sending FCM messages.
## Version 1.1.0 - January 24, 2019
### Authentication
* A new `SetCustomUserClaimsAsync()` method has been added to the `FirebaseAuth` class for setting custom claims on Firebase user accounts. Thanks dominikfoldi for the contribution.
## Version 1.0.0 - August 16, 2018
* Initial release of the Admin .NET SDK. See Add the Firebase Admin SDK to your Server to get started.
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spiderum_text/770 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
BBC News Updated every minute of every day
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Page last updated at 19:27 GMT, Saturday, 17 May 2008 20:27 UK
E-mail this to a friend Printable version
# Burma 'guilty of inhuman action'
A destroyed house in Burma
Aid agencies are warning supplies are not getting to the areas worst hit
UK Prime Minister Gordon Brown has condemned Burma's military government for
not allowing international aid to reach the victims of Cyclone Nargis.
Mr Brown told the BBC that a natural disaster had been turned into a "man-made
catastrophe" because of the negligence of the ruling generals.
He said their actions since the cyclone, said to have killed at least 78,000,
amounted to inhuman treatment.
France has said Burma is on the verge of committing a crime against humanity.
Burma has refused to allow in French and US aid ships which are waiting off
the coast.
In addition to the dead, some 56,000 people are officially reported missing.
Burma took foreign diplomats on a tour of the worst-hit region, the Irrawaddy
Delta, on Saturday but the visit was dismissed by a senior US envoy as a
"show".
The international community is trying to organise a team of Asian and United
Nations aid workers in the hope this will be more acceptable to Burma's
rulers, a UK Foreign Office minister has said.
'This is inhuman'
Mr Brown said Burma's ruling generals would be judged by the world and their
own people for thwarting the assistance offered by the rest of the world.
Please turn on JavaScript. Media requires JavaScript to play.
"This is inhuman. We have an intolerable situation, created by a natural
disaster," he said.
"It is being made into a man-made catastrophe by the negligence, the neglect
and the inhuman treatment of the Burmese people by a regime that is failing to
act and to allow the international community to do what it wants to do.
"The responsibility lies with the Burmese regime and they must be held
accountable."
Asked if he believed it was time for dropping aid by air, Mr Brown said
nothing was being ruled out.
The UK and others are working to channel British aid through China and other
Asian states, Mr Brown added.
UK Foreign Office Minister Lord Malloch-Brown told the BBC from Rangoon that
the idea of a mixed relief team was a "last best effort to try and meet the
anxieties and paranoia... of the regime".
"Ultimately we will not stand by or go away... because the government won't
receive assistance and deliver it," he said.
Lord Malloch-Brown travelled to Burma on Saturday and met aid workers and UN
officials, according to the Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO).
A woman walks past a house destroyed by cyclone Nargis near Rangoon, 15 May,
2008
The cyclone has filled rice fields with sea water, destroying vital crops
Rangoon aid worker diary
UK aid 'reaching cyclone victims'
Burma: How you can help
Waiting to deliver aid
He added: "Not enough aid is getting in and not enough aid workers are able to
get out in the region, particularly international workers with long experience
of disaster relief. That's a real problem."
'Show' tour
Aid agencies have also become frustrated by the slow progress of relief.
However, the authorities have allowed the UN and some other agencies to hand
out supplies directly.
A team of 50 Indian medical personnel is also being allowed to fly into
Rangoon on Saturday, equipped with medical supplies.
Foreign diplomats were flown to several sites in the delta by helicopter where
they were shown survivors receiving aid in camps.
"It was a show - that's what they wanted us to see," Shari Villarosa, the top
American diplomat in Burma, told The Associated Press.
But Bernard Delpuech, head of the European Commission Humanitarian Office in
Rangoon, said the trip had at least shown "the magnitude of the devastation".
EXTENT OF THE DEVASTATION
Detail from Nasa satellite images
See map and satellite images
Eyewitness: Barred from Burma
Send us your comments
"For the recovery you can't expect it to be six months or a year. It will take
longer," Reuters quoted him as saying.
The UN Humanitarian Co-ordinator, John Holmes, is due to visit Rangoon on
Sunday in a bid to persuade the government to grant more access to UN relief
workers and expand its aid effort.
Correspondents say that at this stage it is not clear who he will be able to
talk to given that Burma's leader, Gen Than Shwe, has refused to answer calls
from UN Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon.
The Association of South East Asian Nations is due to meet on Monday, with
plans for an aid donors' conference likely to be discussed.
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BURMA CYCLONE
KEY STORIES
Burma aid effort 'requires $1bn'
Burma hits out at cyclone reports
Comic arrested for aid runs
Clickable map of aftermath
FEATURES AND ANALYSIS
Locals on their boat in the town of Bogale in the Ayeyarwady delta, Myanmar -
18 05 2008 Burma challenge
Aid workers face hurdles despite more access
Victims' misery turns to fury
Will Burma keep its word on aid?
Murmurs of anger at junta
A tale of two disasters
VIDEO
Destroyed building Videos from the scene of the Burma cyclone
BBC inside Burma after cyclone
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Burmese blog despair
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# JavaScript недоступно.
Ми виявили, що в цьому браузері вимкнуто JavaScript. Щоб продовжити
користуватися twitter.com, увімкніть JavaScript або перейдіть у браузер, який
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# Розмова
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
Chết vì cái đẹp là có thật, nghĩ cũng thương các chị em thật :(
https://tinhte.vn/threads/2-nguoi-nhiem-hiv-hang-tram-nguoi-co-nguy-co-phoi-
nhiem-do-lam-dep-bang-mat-na-mau.2953312/…
Перекласти твіт
8:21 дп · 1 трав. 2019
*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
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*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
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*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
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*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
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|
spiderum_text/2173 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
Google Cloud
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# Samsung Galaxy Tab E
Mua bán Samsung Galaxy Tab E, giá cả thị trường và tất cả các bài rao vặt máy
tính bảng Samsung Galaxy Tab E cũ mới giá tốt trên 5Giay.vn Contents: 70.
Watchers: 0. Views: 17,793.
1. Diễn đàn
### Máy Tính Bảng Và Phụ Kiện
> Mua bán Máy tính bảng cũ mới, tablet chính hãng Samsung, Acer, Asus, Lenovo,
> iPad, Surface Pro và bao da, case, phụ kiện máy tính bảng giá rẻ tại...
Dư xài bán Galaxy tab E SM-T561Y mới mua, tặng kèm bút cảm ứng
### Dư xài bán Galaxy tab E SM-T561Y mới mua, tặng kèm bút cảm ứng
Chủ đề bởi: thienphilong2025, 12/12/19, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Máy
Tính Bảng Và Phụ Kiện
Galaxy TAB E mới tinh leng keng zin ngon lành..
### Galaxy TAB E mới tinh leng keng zin ngon lành..
Chủ đề bởi: 824621, 8/7/19, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Máy Tính Bảng Và
Phụ Kiện
Giá đỡ máy tính - Thỏa sức giải trí và thể hiện cá tính
### Giá đỡ máy tính - Thỏa sức giải trí và thể hiện cá tính
Chủ đề bởi: hearme, 8/11/17, 2 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Phụ kiện điện
thoại
vincentle008
### HCM: bán Samsung Galaxy Tab E T561Y mới 100%
Chủ đề bởi: vincentle008, 21/2/17, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Máy Tính
Bảng Và Phụ Kiện
Máy Tính Bảng Samsung Tab E \( T561Y \)
### Máy Tính Bảng Samsung Tab E ( T561Y )
Chủ đề bởi: Thiên Sứ Xí, 16/2/17, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Máy Tính Bảng
Và Phụ Kiện
Galaxy tab E còn bảo hành sv SM-T311
### Galaxy tab E còn bảo hành sv SM-T311
Chủ đề bởi: Clupspeed, 6/12/16, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Máy Tính Bảng
Và Phụ Kiện
Samsung tab e
### Samsung tab e
Chủ đề bởi: thaibaonet, 12/10/16, 1 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Máy Tính Bảng
Và Phụ Kiện
Samsung Tab E 9.6" T561Y 3G màu trắng máy mới 99% BH 17/11/2016
### Samsung Tab E 9.6" T561Y 3G màu trắng máy mới 99% BH 17/11/2016
Chủ đề bởi: muabanlaptop_pro, 24/9/16, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Máy Tính
Bảng Và Phụ Kiện
Bán Samsung Galaxy Tab E New 100% giá cực tốt
### Bán Samsung Galaxy Tab E New 100% giá cực tốt
Chủ đề bởi: hellprince142, 4/8/16, 1 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Máy Tính
Bảng Và Phụ Kiện
Samsung galaxy tab E 8.0 chính hãng USA phá giá thị trường
### Samsung galaxy tab E 8.0 chính hãng USA phá giá thị trường
Chủ đề bởi: Trại Gà A Chiến, 2/7/16, 1 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Máy Tính
Bảng Và Phụ Kiện
Galaxy Tab E T561 9.6Inch BH SS 03/2017
### Galaxy Tab E T561 9.6Inch BH SS 03/2017
Chủ đề bởi: Quang Thành, 14/6/16, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Máy Tính Bảng
Và Phụ Kiện
Cần bán SS Tab E màu trắng hàng công ty BH rất dài
### Cần bán SS Tab E màu trắng hàng công ty BH rất dài
Chủ đề bởi: canh1234, 9/6/16, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Máy Tính Bảng Và
Phụ Kiện
Samsung Galaxy TabE T561Y
### Samsung Galaxy TabE T561Y
Chủ đề bởi: haduyhop, 30/5/16, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Máy Tính Bảng Và
Phụ Kiện
Bán Samsung Galaxy Tab E 9,6" mới 100%, bảo hành chính hãng tại Vietnam
### Bán Samsung Galaxy Tab E 9,6" mới 100%, bảo hành chính hãng tại Vietnam
Chủ đề bởi: tlongvn, 6/5/16, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Máy Tính Bảng Và
Phụ Kiện
cần bán samsung galaxy tab E 9.6 \( SM-T561Y\)
### cần bán samsung galaxy tab E 9.6 ( SM-T561Y)
Chủ đề bởi: httht04, 4/5/16, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Máy Tính Bảng Và
Phụ Kiện
Cần bán samsung tab E mới 99,9%
### Cần bán samsung tab E mới 99,9%
Chủ đề bởi: TungVu6789, 17/4/16, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Máy Tính Bảng
Và Phụ Kiện
Samsung galaxy tab E - Black
### Samsung galaxy tab E - Black
Chủ đề bởi: bahuy_151, 21/3/16, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Máy Tính Bảng
Và Phụ Kiện
Samsung Tab E 9.6 T561Y mới 99%, còn BH gần 12 tháng, giá rẻ
### Samsung Tab E 9.6 T561Y mới 99%, còn BH gần 12 tháng, giá rẻ
Chủ đề bởi: coolguy299, 11/3/16, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Máy Tính Bảng
Và Phụ Kiện
Bán Samsung galaxy Tab E T560
### Bán Samsung galaxy Tab E T560
Chủ đề bởi: datbeo30494, 4/3/16, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Máy Tính Bảng
Và Phụ Kiện
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*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
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*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
|
spiderum_text/1523 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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# Máy Tính Bảng Và Phụ Kiện
Mua bán Máy tính bảng cũ mới, tablet chính hãng Samsung, Acer, Asus, Lenovo,
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1. SAMSUNG GALAXY TAB 7.7 P6800 - Ốp Lưng Vỏ Bao Da GALAXY TAB 7.7
### SAMSUNG GALAXY TAB 7.7 P6800 - Ốp Lưng Vỏ Bao Da GALAXY TAB 7.7
Shop T&T, 5/3/12
ID: 4649340
7,088
Shop T&T
5/3/12
2. iPad 2 3 4 Mini iPhone 5 4S 4 3GS 16G 32G 64G linh kiện đồ chơi bao da cài game
### iPad - iPad 2 3 4 Mini iPhone 5 4S 4 3GS 16G 32G 64G linh kiện đồ chơi
bao da cài game
Galaxy_tab79, 21/5/12
ID: 5060591
24,588
Galaxy_tab79
21/5/12
3. Bao Da IPAD 3 - BAO DA THE NEW IPAD , Vỏ Ốp Lưng , Case , Phụ Kiện Miếng Dán Màn Hình
### Bao Da IPAD 3 - BAO DA THE NEW IPAD , Vỏ Ốp Lưng , Case , Phụ Kiện Miếng
Dán Màn Hình
Shop T&T, 16/4/12
ID: 4878274 - SMS: 1295
13,034
LUXUBUS
16/6/12
4. Cung cäp sạc IPad, sạc macbook theo máy Apple giá tốt nhât
### Cung cäp sạc IPad, sạc macbook theo máy Apple giá tốt nhât
laptop_sb, 20/4/12
ID: 4897704
3,421
CtyinTungVan
2/9/12
5. Case - Ốp Lưng - Bao Da KINDLE FIRE HD 7 - Phụ Kiện Cao Cấp Chính Hãng
### Case - Ốp Lưng - Bao Da KINDLE FIRE HD 7 - Phụ Kiện Cao Cấp Chính Hãng
Shop T&T, 15/11/12
ID: 6095255
5,021
Shop T&T
15/11/12
6. Sạc pin điện thoại dự trữ đa năng YooBao YB-642,651 11200mA,13000mA - 900k, 1150k/1c
### Sạc pin điện thoại dự trữ đa năng YooBao YB-642,651 11200mA,13000mA -
900k, 1150k/1c
beaki89, 16/11/12
ID: 6102553
14,533
beaki89
16/11/12
7. Show Room Máy Tính Bảng | maytinhbanggoidien3g.com
### Shop - Show Room Máy Tính Bảng | maytinhbanggoidien3g.com
Shop_JaPan, 19/1/13
ID: 6399148
5,141
Shop_JaPan
27/3/13
8. HCM- Bán Kindle Fire HD 7''- Còn bảo hành đến 29/10/2013
### Kindle - HCM- Bán Kindle Fire HD 7''- Còn bảo hành đến 29/10/2013
heo_con_heo, 29/6/13
ID: 6784539
2,430
tracer
30/6/13
9. DEAL5GIAY.VN ---> Smart cover + ốp lưng ipad 2,3,4 giảm giá đến 80% hot hot hot
### iPad - DEAL5GIAY.VN ---> Smart cover + ốp lưng ipad 2,3,4 giảm giá đến
80% hot hot hot
phuongkhoa1, 14/7/13
ID: 6817295 - SMS: 10
706
phuongkhoa1
14/7/13
10. MÁY TÍNH BẢNG HP Slate 7
### Lenovo,HP - MÁY TÍNH BẢNG HP Slate 7
nghiatv.eng, 8/7/13
ID: 6803492 - SMS: 1
2,600
qt9nguyen
15/7/13
11. bán gấp Samsung Galaxy Tab 3 10.1 mới mua 2 tuần giá 8,8tr
### Samsung - bán gấp Samsung Galaxy Tab 3 10.1 mới mua 2 tuần giá 8,8tr
lnhoang196, 17/8/13
ID: 6892522
1,887
ThanhTusg
17/8/13
12. Chuyên phụ kiện APPLE bao da ,ốp lưng,túi chống sốc... cho Iphone-Ipad.Giá tốt nhất
### Chuyên phụ kiện APPLE bao da ,ốp lưng,túi chống sốc... cho Iphone-
Ipad.Giá tốt nhất
tanghuy, 21/8/13
ID: 6899917
2,933
tanghuy
21/8/13
13. Khuyến Mãi Lớnn "Hàng Hiệu Giá Khũng"
### Shop - Khuyến Mãi Lớnn "Hàng Hiệu Giá Khũng"
longcvk, 11/12/11
ID: 4286658
3,436
longcvk
22/8/13
14. Tiễn Gấp SS Galaxy Note 10.1 N8000, máy mua SS chính hãng, BH đến 07/2014!
### Samsung - Tiễn Gấp SS Galaxy Note 10.1 N8000, máy mua SS chính hãng, BH
đến 07/2014!
uocmo1992, 9/8/13
ID: 6875909
1,683
Taurus81
23/8/13
15. Bán Máy tính bảng Samsung Galaxy Note 8.0 GT-N5110 16GB - 8,8 Triệu
### Samsung - Bán Máy tính bảng Samsung Galaxy Note 8.0 GT-N5110 16GB - 8,8
Triệu
vungoc, 15/6/13
ID: 6751159
3,505
tnatuan
26/8/13
16. kẹt tiền cần bán gấp máy tính bàng mới mua được 22 ngày
### Hiệu Khác - kẹt tiền cần bán gấp máy tính bàng mới mua được 22 ngày
thienphatlaptop, 28/8/13
ID: 6914635
1,158
noel2412
28/8/13
17. Tablet Microsoft Surface Pro | RT 128Gb 64Gb 32Gb chinh hang gia re tai Thai Long
### Microsoft - Tablet Microsoft Surface Pro | RT 128Gb 64Gb 32Gb chinh hang
gia re tai Thai Long
shop_TKV, 23/8/13
ID: 6904487
4,127
vietpro2009
28/8/13
18. HP TOUCHPAD :NHẬN ROOT VÀ CÀI HĐH ANDROID xài đc camera và fix lỗi loa ngoài luôn
### Máy tính bảng China - HP TOUCHPAD :NHẬN ROOT VÀ CÀI HĐH ANDROID xài đc
camera và fix lỗi loa ngoài luôn
chuyenkindle, 21/2/13
ID: 6455497
5,541
tuankhoa88
6/9/13
19. Nhận uprom-unbrick Nook HD+, Nook HD, Nook tablet, Color, Kindlefire 1,2, HD7, HD8.9
### Shop - Nhận uprom-unbrick Nook HD+, Nook HD, Nook tablet, Color,
Kindlefire 1,2, HD7, HD8.9
chuyenkindle, 27/2/13
ID: 6467811
4,452
yorihisa2009
22/9/13
20. IPad MINI đã có hàng tại TABLET PLAZA - Chuyên hàng USA
### iPad - IPad MINI đã có hàng tại TABLET PLAZA - Chuyên hàng USA
longcvk, 5/11/12
ID: 6029316
5,322
longcvk
7/10/13
21. bán nhanh iPad mini 16gb like new fullbox bh chính hãng hơn 11 tháng giá bèo nhèo
### iPad - bán nhanh iPad mini 16gb like new fullbox bh chính hãng hơn 11
tháng giá bèo nhèo
chaut1nht1nh, 18/10/13
ID: 7016701
800
chaut1nht1nh
18/10/13
22. Bao da nexus7, nook color, nook tablet, kindle fire, blackberry playbook = 200k/cái
### Bao da nexus7, nook color, nook tablet, kindle fire, blackberry playbook
= 200k/cái
khanhdao, 28/9/12
ID: 5804184
2,971
mrhoanghuan
24/10/13
23. Q1-Q5/máy tính bảng BlackBerry Playbook nguyên zin, new 97% tuyệt đẹp, giá rất tốt
### Blackberry - Q1-Q5/máy tính bảng BlackBerry Playbook nguyên zin, new 97%
tuyệt đẹp, giá rất tốt
cauthubongda, 25/10/13
ID: 7030192
894
anhtuan1
25/10/13
24. Ipad mini 16g wifi + ipad4 16g 4g đủ màu new nguyên seal 100%
### iPad - Ipad mini 16g wifi + ipad4 16g 4g đủ màu new nguyên seal 100%
vitinhtinhoc, 10/10/13
ID: 6999889
3,340
jeans.only
27/10/13
25. \[KINDLE FIRE HDX\] Bao da KINDLE FIRE HDX hàng chất, smartcover, có wake sleep, dán mh
### Kindle - [KINDLE FIRE HDX] Bao da KINDLE FIRE HDX hàng chất, smartcover,
có wake sleep, dán mh
chuyenkindle, 8/11/13
ID: 7055458
3,274
chuyenkindle
8/11/13
26. Bao da bàn phím 7inch máy tính bảng rẻ nhất 5 giây
### Bao da bàn phím 7inch máy tính bảng rẻ nhất 5 giây
sale.tablet, 26/7/12
ID: 5426934
7,692
bonmat1202
8/11/13
27. cần tiền nên để lại ipad4 16g wifi hàng xách tay
### iPad - cần tiền nên để lại ipad4 16g wifi hàng xách tay
Skyhd, 14/11/13
ID: 7066197
631
Skyhd
14/11/13
28. Bán Máy tính bảng Proneer HF a820 99,9%!
### Hiệu Khác - Bán Máy tính bảng Proneer HF a820 99,9%!
mr.haonam, 18/11/13
ID: 7073469
2,338
annguyenle
22/11/13
29. Hoangkien : Ipad air, ipad mini 2, nexus 7 2013, kindle fire hdx, nook hd+, ss tab...
### iPad - Hoangkien : Ipad air, ipad mini 2, nexus 7 2013, kindle fire hdx,
nook hd+, ss tab...
hoangkien.com1, 29/11/13
ID: 7094731
11,190
hoangkien.com1
29/11/13
30. Hàng mới về tại TÁO ĐỎ STORE. Giá tốt nhất thị trường
### Shop - Hàng mới về tại TÁO ĐỎ STORE. Giá tốt nhất thị trường
Táo Đỏ Store, 24/9/13
ID: 6967449 - SMS: 2293
16,406
nqt9002
13/12/13
Hiển thị chủ đề từ 1 đến 30 của 23,516
Xếp chủ đề theo: Lần gửi bài cuối Thời gian tạo chủ đề Tiêu đề (sắp xếp ABC)
Số lượng trả lời Số lượt xem Bài viết đầu được yêu thích
Xếp chủ đề kiểu: Thứ tự giảm dần Thứ tự tăng dần
Tiền tố: (Mọi) Phụ kiện
Đang tải...
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## Máy tính bảng
Máy tính bảng (Tablet Computer) còn được gọi ngắn gọn là Tablet, là một loại
thiết bị máy tính tất cả trong một với màn hình cảm ứng, sử dụng bút cảm ứng
hay ngón tay để nhập dữ liệu thông tin thay cho bàn phím và chuột máy tính. Là
loại thiết bị di động thứ ba, kết hợp các tính năng của máy tính xách tay và
điện thoại di động. Tên gọi của loại thiết bị này là máy tính bảng vì nó trông
giống cái bảng. Năm 2010 đánh dấu sự ra đời của iPad, chiếc máy tính bảng mạnh
mẽ với nhiều khả năng vượt trội, thiết kế đẹp nhất và cho đến nay nếu như bạn
muốn một chiếc máy tính bảng đẹp và mạnh mẽ dễ sử dụng.
## Chọn mua máy tính bảng chính hãng và giá rẻ
Nếu như trước đây máy tính bảng vẫn chưa đủ mạnh và phần mềm của nó còn chưa
đủ tinh vi để có thể thay thế được các tác vụ cơ bản của một chiếc Laptop cồng
kềnh nặng vài kg thì giờ đây bạn có thể yên tâm nếu chọn một chiếc máy tính
bảng chính hãng thay cho chiếc Laptop của mình, hoặc một chiếc máy tính bảng
giá rẻ mà vẫn có thể đảm bảo được mọi thứ bạn cần và thậm chí là hơn cả mong
đợi của bạn.
Tags: ipad, ipad air, ipad mini, ipad pro, ipad pro 9'7, ipad pro 12'9, ipad
2, ipad 3, ipad 4, ipad air 2, ipad mini 2, ipad mini 3, ipad mini 4, samsung
galaxy tab e, samsung galaxy tab s2, samsung galaxy tab a, samsung galaxy
tabpro s, microsoft surface pro, surface pro 2, surface pro 3, surface pro 4,
máy tính bảng samsung, máy tính bảng acer, máy tính bảng asus, máy tính bảng
lenovo, xiaomi mipad 2, phụ kiện máy tính bảng, bao da ipad, bao da máy tính
bảng, dịch vụ sửa chữa máy tính bảng
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### Tìm kiếm bài viết theo id
5giay - Sàn Mua Bán Online
Trang chủ 5Giay > Laptop - PC - Tablet >
### Tình hình diễn đàn
1. dtechsc1205,
2. tungnguyennhadat,
3. buonsidochoi0987217952,
4. doanvanvuon
Tổng: 657 (Thành viên: 4, Khách: 633, Robots: 20)
5giay - Sàn Mua Bán Online 5giay - Sàn Mua Bán Online
* 5Giay
### 5Giay
Liên kết nhanh
* Bài viết của tôi
* Chuyển đến box
* Bài viết gần đây
* Sản phẩm nổi bật
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* iPhone 12
* iPhone 12 Pro
* iPhone 12 Pro Max
* iPhone 13
* iPhone 13 Pro
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* SamSung
* Xiaomi
* Nokia
* LG G4
* HTC One M9
* Laptop
* Macbook
* Macbook Pro
* Macbook Air
* Macbook Pro 2016
* Laptop Dell
* Dell Inspiron
* Laptop Acer
* Laptop Asus
* Laptop cũ giá rẻ
* Laptop HP
* Laptop Lenovo
* Laptop Sony
* Xe máy
* Honda Winner 150
* Honda SH
* Honda Air Blade
* Honda Vision
* Honda Lead
* Honda SH Mode
* Moto
* Xipo 110
* Yamaha Exciter
* Yamaha Luvias
* Exciter 150
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* Menu
Tìm kiếm
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Quận / Huyện
### Tìm kiếm hữu ích
* Bài viết gần đây
Thêm...
Ngôn ngữ
Tiếng Việt
* Điều Khoản
* Quy Chế
* Nội quy
* Liên hệ
* Trợ giúp
* Trang chủ
* Lên đầu trang
* RSS
* ### Điện thoại
* Mobile
* Điện thoại iPhone
* Phụ kiện điện thoại
* Sim số
* ### Máy tính, Laptop
* Laptop
* Máy tính bảng
* Computer
* Dịch vụ sửa chữa, bảo trì máy tính
* ### 2banh - 4banh
* Xe máy, Môtô
* Phụ tùng và dịch vụ
* Xe ôtô
* ### Thời trang
* Giày dép, balo, túi xách
* Đồng hồ Phụ kiện
* Nước hoa, mỹ phẩm
* ### Máy ảnh, Camera
* Máy ảnh, Ống kính
* ### Điện máy
* Điện tử, điện lạnh, gia dụng
* Đồ chơi mô hình
* Ve chai điện tử
* ### Nhà Đất, Nội thất
* Nội thất xây dựng
* Nhà đất, bất động sản
* Việc làm, học hành
* ### Ẩm thực, Du lịch
* Ẩm thực
* Du lịch
* Thú cưng, thú nuôi
* Phụ kiện sinh vật cảnh
* ### Thảo luận
* Thảo luận Mobile
* Thảo luận xe máy
* Chuyện trò
* ### Sàn đấu giá
* Đấu giá hàng công nghệ
* Đấu giá các sản phẩm khác
* Đấu giá từ thiện
* Xử lí box đấu giá
Liên hệ quảng cáo : 0942.788.830 (Mr. Tới),
0903.945.050 (Miss. Hoàng Nhi)
Email: [email protected]
Báo Giá Quảng Cáo
Cty CP TM và DV Tin Học Nhật Nguyệt
(Quản lý website - không bán hàng)
Trụ sở:114 Đường số 2 Cư Xá Đô Thành P.4,Q.3,Tp.HCM
ĐKKD số: 0304899283. Đăng ký ngày: 26/03/2007
Cơ quan cấp ĐKKD: Sở Kế Hoạch & Đầu Tư Tp. HCM
Tel: 0942.788.830
Email: [email protected]
Báo Giá Quảng Cáo
Partner : Tinh tế | Sohot | Xe360
Múi giờ GMT +7. Bây giờ là 21/2/23 lúc 02:30.
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Timing:
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DB Queries:
48
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*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
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*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
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*[yyyy]: year
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*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
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*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
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# Facebook
ईमेल या मोबाइलपासवर्ड
अकाउंट याद नहीं है?
नया अकाउंट बनाएँ
## आपको अस्थायी रूप से ब्लॉक किया गया है
## आपको अस्थायी रूप से ब्लॉक किया गया है
ऐसा लगता है कि आप बहुत तेज़ी से काम करके इस सुविधा का दुरुपयोग कर रहे हैं.
आपको इसका उपयोग करने से अस्थायी रूप से ब्लॉक कर दिया गया है.
* हिन्दी
* English (US)
* Español
* Français (France)
* 中文(简体)
* العربية
* Português (Brasil)
* Italiano
* 한국어
* Deutsch
* 日本語
* * साइन अप करें
* लॉग इन करें
* Messenger
* Facebook Lite
* Watch
* स्थान
* खेल
* Marketplace
* Meta Pay
* Oculus
* पोर्टल
* Instagram
* Bulletin
* अनुदान संचय
* सेवाएँ
* वोटिंग सूचना केंद्र
* प्राइवेसी पॉलिसी
* प्राइवेसी सेंटर
* ग्रुप
* परिचय
* विज्ञापन बनाएँ
* पेज बनाएँ
* डेवलपर
* करियर
* कुकीज़
* विज्ञापन विकल्प
* शर्तें
* हेल्प सेंटर
* कॉन्टैक्ट अपलोडिंग और नॉन-यूज़र्स
* सेटिंग
* एक्टिविटी लॉग
Meta © 2023
*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
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*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
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|
spiderum_text/2844 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa | Skip to content
SpringML
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##### In the press
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inauguration of their new office in Hyderabad, India
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transformation projects
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* Healthcare Interoperability
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Delivering solutions to retailers to navigate disruption and uncertainty
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establish seamless integration with our ecommerce, Order Management and
Merchandising systems to handle millions of messages in almost near Realtime.
From Architecture, design and implementation phase you guys did an amazing job
in executing the project and providing post live support. Thanks for
everything!”
Rajesh Gajula
Director,
DevOps & Infrastructure Engineering
#### City of Sacramento
“Our goal with this project was to try AI based solutions to solve real world
problems and provide better customer service to our constituents. We see this
project as the beginning of using and integrating AI & ML technologies to
transform the business process at the city.”
Mrudul Sadanandan
IT Manager – Enterprise Applications,
City of Sacramento
#### Fossil Group
“[SpringML] Your expertise in Google Cloud, positive attitude towards work,
willingness to work hard, share your knowledge, act promptly when assigned a
task and communications to [customer] has helped us achieve this smoothly. The
team has displayed a great level of professionalism on this project…[we]
sincerely appreciate the determination and effort [SpringML] put in this work
to complete the project.”
Fossil Group
#### Utah
“The best thing about the app is it enables volunteers with very little
training to produce reliable, mistake-proof contributions to this important
cause. I am really proud of it and fully endorse SpringML. Came through big
time.”
Jeff Mulitalo
Deputy Director and Chief Strategy Officer,
State of Utah
#### City Of Memphis
“Memphis is focused on easy living, and we want to do everything we can to
keep our citizens happy. Working with Google and SpringML to reduce potholes
and urban blight using machine learning and artificial intelligence was an
easy decision.”
MIKE RODRIGUEZ
CIO, City of Memphis
* * * * * ##### Database Migration factory
## Transform your ability to respond by moving your Data to Cloud
Learn More
## Featured resources
view all
Data-Analytics-for-Member-Retention_-Post-Pandemic
Blog
February 10, 2023
Managing The Next Crisis: Using Data Analytics to Keep and Enable Members in a
Post-Pandemic Environment
With the recent announcement from the Biden Administration stating that the
Covid Public Health Emergency will be ending on May 11th, there will be a
significant impact on the healthcare industry and potentially other sectors as
states and the federal government revert back to pre-pandemic rules and
regulations. One of the first and most important developments …
Managing The Next Crisis: Using Data Analytics to Keep and Enable Members in a
Post-Pandemic Environment Read More »
Tom Starling
Streamline Your Data Storage with Apache blog
Blog
Streamline Data Storage with Apache Beam’s Built-in and Custom I/O Connectors
Maitree Baid
February 9, 2023
Subtotal-Pivot-table-enhancements
Blog
Subtotal: Pivot table enhancements
Ada Xu
February 8, 2023
Data Densificatio in CRM Analytics
Blog
Data Densification in CRM Analytics
Joel Day
February 7, 2023
Modern Era of Deployment DevOps Center
Blog
Modern Era of Deployment: DevOps Center
Ravishankar Singh
February 3, 2023
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*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
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*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
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*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
|
spiderum_text/2436 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
# Facebook
이메일 또는 휴대폰비밀번호
계정을 잊으셨나요?
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spiderum_text/592 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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# Google APIs Explorer
Stay organized with collections Save and categorize content based on your
preferences.
The Google APIs Explorer is a tool available on most REST API reference
documentation pages that lets you try Google API methods without writing code.
The APIs Explorer acts on real data, so use caution when trying methods that
create, modify, or delete data. For more details, read the APIs Explorer
documentation.
## How to start exploring
1. Click the name of the API you want to explore in the list below. This opens the API reference documentation.
2. In the documentation, on the left, click the method you want to try.
3. On the right, enter the details of your request in the panel labeled "Try this method." Or, click Full screen fullscreen for more options.
4. Click Execute to send your request to the API and see the API's response.
## Google APIs Explorer Directory
[{ "type": "thumb-down", "id": "missingTheInformationINeed", "label":"Missing
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*[v]: View this template
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*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
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*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
|
spiderum_text/235 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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* insert
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* patch
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* userProfiles
* Overview
* get
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* userRolePermissionGroups
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* delete
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* Types
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* list
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* get
* list
* accountUserProfiles
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
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* patch
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* get
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* patch
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* patch
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* list
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* update
* creativeGroups
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* get
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* list
* patch
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* creatives
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* dimensionValues
* Overview
* query
* directorySites
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* dynamicTargetingKeys
* Overview
* delete
* insert
* list
* eventTags
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
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* files
* Overview
* get
* list
* floodlightActivities
* Overview
* delete
* generatetag
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* floodlightActivityGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* floodlightConfigurations
* Overview
* get
* list
* patch
* update
* inventoryItems
* Overview
* get
* list
* languages
* Overview
* list
* metros
* Overview
* list
* mobileApps
* Overview
* get
* list
* mobileCarriers
* Overview
* get
* list
* operatingSystemVersions
* Overview
* get
* list
* operatingSystems
* Overview
* get
* list
* orderDocuments
* Overview
* get
* list
* orders
* Overview
* get
* list
* placementGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* placementStrategies
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* placements
* Overview
* generatetags
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* platformTypes
* Overview
* get
* list
* postalCodes
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* get
* list
* projects
* Overview
* get
* list
* regions
* Overview
* list
* remarketingListShares
* Overview
* get
* patch
* update
* remarketingLists
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* reports
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* run
* update
* reports.compatibleFields
* Overview
* query
* reports.files
* Overview
* get
* list
* sites
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* sizes
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* subaccounts
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* targetableRemarketingLists
* Overview
* get
* list
* targetingTemplates
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* userProfiles
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRolePermissionGroups
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRolePermissions
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRoles
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* videoFormats
* Overview
* get
* list
* Types
* Activities
* ChannelGrouping
* ClickThroughUrlSuffixProperties
* Compatibility
* Conversion
* ConversionStatus
* CustomRichMediaEvents
* DayPartTargeting
* DefaultClickThroughEventTagProperties
* DeliveryType
* Dimension
* DimensionValue
* EmailOwnerDeliveryType
* EncryptionInfo
* EventFilter
* EventTagOverride
* File
* FileList
* GeoTargeting
* KeyValueTargetingExpression
* LanguageTargeting
* LastModifiedInfo
* ListTargetingExpression
* LookbackConfiguration
* MatchType
* ObaIcon
* PathFilter
* PathMatchPosition
* PricingSchedule
* Recipient
* RepeatsOnWeekDays
* RunsOnDayOfMonth
* SortOrder
* SortedDimension
* TagSetting
* TechnologyTargeting
* VideoOffset
* v3.4
* Overview
* Dimensions, Metrics, and Filters
* REST Resources
* accountActiveAdSummaries
* Overview
* get
* accountPermissionGroups
* Overview
* get
* list
* accountPermissions
* Overview
* get
* list
* accountUserProfiles
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* accounts
* Overview
* get
* list
* patch
* update
* ads
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertiserGroups
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertiserLandingPages
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertisers
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* browsers
* Overview
* list
* campaignCreativeAssociations
* Overview
* insert
* list
* campaigns
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* changeLogs
* Overview
* get
* list
* cities
* Overview
* list
* connectionTypes
* Overview
* get
* list
* contentCategories
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* conversions
* Overview
* batchinsert
* batchupdate
* countries
* Overview
* get
* list
* creativeAssets
* Overview
* insert
* creativeFieldValues
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creativeFields
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creativeGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creatives
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* dimensionValues
* Overview
* query
* directorySites
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* dynamicTargetingKeys
* Overview
* delete
* insert
* list
* eventTags
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* files
* Overview
* get
* list
* floodlightActivities
* Overview
* delete
* generatetag
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* floodlightActivityGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* floodlightConfigurations
* Overview
* get
* list
* patch
* update
* inventoryItems
* Overview
* get
* list
* languages
* Overview
* list
* metros
* Overview
* list
* mobileApps
* Overview
* get
* list
* mobileCarriers
* Overview
* get
* list
* operatingSystemVersions
* Overview
* get
* list
* operatingSystems
* Overview
* get
* list
* orderDocuments
* Overview
* get
* list
* orders
* Overview
* get
* list
* placementGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* placementStrategies
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* placements
* Overview
* generatetags
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* platformTypes
* Overview
* get
* list
* postalCodes
* Overview
* get
* list
* projects
* Overview
* get
* list
* regions
* Overview
* list
* remarketingListShares
* Overview
* get
* patch
* update
* remarketingLists
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* reports
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* run
* update
* reports.compatibleFields
* Overview
* query
* reports.files
* Overview
* get
* list
* sites
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* sizes
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* subaccounts
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* targetableRemarketingLists
* Overview
* get
* list
* targetingTemplates
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* userProfiles
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRolePermissionGroups
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRolePermissions
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRoles
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* videoFormats
* Overview
* get
* list
* Types
* Activities
* ChannelGrouping
* ClickThroughUrlSuffixProperties
* Compatibility
* Conversion
* ConversionStatus
* CustomRichMediaEvents
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* Dimension
* DimensionValue
* EmailOwnerDeliveryType
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* FileList
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* TagSetting
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* v3.3
* Overview
* Dimensions, Metrics, and Filters
* REST Resources
* accountActiveAdSummaries
* Overview
* get
* accountPermissionGroups
* Overview
* get
* list
* accountPermissions
* Overview
* get
* list
* accountUserProfiles
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* accounts
* Overview
* get
* list
* patch
* update
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* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertiserGroups
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
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* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertisers
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* browsers
* Overview
* list
* campaignCreativeAssociations
* Overview
* insert
* list
* campaigns
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* changeLogs
* Overview
* get
* list
* cities
* Overview
* list
* connectionTypes
* Overview
* get
* list
* contentCategories
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* conversions
* Overview
* batchinsert
* batchupdate
* countries
* Overview
* get
* list
* creativeAssets
* Overview
* insert
* creativeFieldValues
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creativeFields
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creativeGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creatives
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* dimensionValues
* Overview
* query
* directorySites
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* dynamicTargetingKeys
* Overview
* delete
* insert
* list
* eventTags
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* files
* Overview
* get
* list
* floodlightActivities
* Overview
* delete
* generatetag
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* floodlightActivityGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* floodlightConfigurations
* Overview
* get
* list
* patch
* update
* inventoryItems
* Overview
* get
* list
* languages
* Overview
* list
* metros
* Overview
* list
* mobileApps
* Overview
* get
* list
* mobileCarriers
* Overview
* get
* list
* operatingSystemVersions
* Overview
* get
* list
* operatingSystems
* Overview
* get
* list
* orderDocuments
* Overview
* get
* list
* orders
* Overview
* get
* list
* placementGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* placementStrategies
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* placements
* Overview
* generatetags
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* platformTypes
* Overview
* get
* list
* postalCodes
* Overview
* get
* list
* projects
* Overview
* get
* list
* regions
* Overview
* list
* remarketingListShares
* Overview
* get
* patch
* update
* remarketingLists
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* reports
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* run
* update
* reports.compatibleFields
* Overview
* query
* reports.files
* Overview
* get
* list
* sites
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* sizes
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* subaccounts
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* targetableRemarketingLists
* Overview
* get
* list
* targetingTemplates
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* userProfiles
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRolePermissionGroups
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRolePermissions
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRoles
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* videoFormats
* Overview
* get
* list
* Types
* Activities
* ClickThroughUrlSuffixProperties
* Compatibility
* Conversion
* ConversionStatus
* CustomRichMediaEvents
* DayPartTargeting
* DefaultClickThroughEventTagProperties
* DeliveryType
* Dimension
* DimensionValue
* EmailOwnerDeliveryType
* EncryptionInfo
* EventTagOverride
* File
* FileList
* GeoTargeting
* KeyValueTargetingExpression
* LanguageTargeting
* LastModifiedInfo
* ListTargetingExpression
* LookbackConfiguration
* PricingSchedule
* Recipient
* RepeatsOnWeekDays
* RunsOnDayOfMonth
* SortOrder
* SortedDimension
* TagSetting
* TechnologyTargeting
* VideoOffset
* * Standard Query Parameters
* Upload Media
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Send feedback
# Method: targetingTemplates.list
Stay organized with collections Save and categorize content based on your
preferences.
Retrieves a list of targeting templates, optionally filtered. This method
supports paging.
### HTTP request
`GET
https://dfareporting.googleapis.com/dfareporting/v4/userprofiles/{profileId}/targetingTemplates`
The URL uses gRPC Transcoding syntax.
### Path parameters
Parameters
`profileId`
`string (int64 format)`
User profile ID associated with this request.
### Query parameters
Parameters
`ids[]`
`string (int64 format)`
Select only targeting templates with these IDs.
`searchString`
`string`
Allows searching for objects by name or ID. Wildcards (
`*`
) are allowed. For example,
`"template*2015"`
will return objects with names like
`"template June 2015"`
,
`"template April 2015"`
, or simply
`"template 2015"`
. Most of the searches also add wildcards implicitly at the start and the end
of the search string. For example, a search string of
`"template"`
will match objects with name
`"my template"`
,
`"template 2015"`
, or simply
`"template"`
.
`advertiserId`
`string (int64 format)`
Select only targeting templates with this advertiser ID.
`maxResults`
`integer`
Maximum number of results to return.
`pageToken`
`string`
Value of the
`nextPageToken`
from the previous result page.
`sortField`
`enum (`SortField`)`
Field by which to sort the list.
`sortOrder`
`enum (`SortOrder`)`
Order of sorted results.
### Request body
The request body must be empty.
### Response body
If successful, the response body contains data with the following structure:
Targeting Template accountPermissionGroups.list Response
JSON representation
{
"kind": string,
"nextPageToken": string,
"targetingTemplates": [
{
object (TargetingTemplate)
}
]
}
Fields
`kind`
`string`
Identifies what kind of resource this is. Value: the fixed string
`"dfareporting#targetingTemplatesListResponse"`
.
`nextPageToken`
`string`
Pagination token to be used for the next list operation.
`targetingTemplates[]`
`object (`TargetingTemplate`)`
Targeting template collection.
### Authorization Scopes
Requires the following OAuth scope:
* `https://www.googleapis.com/auth/dfatrafficking`
## SortField
Enums
`ID`
`NAME`
## SortOrder
Enums
`ASCENDING`
`DESCENDING`
Send feedback
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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License, and code samples are licensed under
the Apache 2.0 License. For details, see the Google Developers Site Policies.
Java is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Last updated 2022-06-14 UTC.
[{ "type": "thumb-down", "id": "missingTheInformationINeed", "label":"Missing
the information I need" },{ "type": "thumb-down", "id":
"tooComplicatedTooManySteps", "label":"Too complicated / too many steps" },{
"type": "thumb-down", "id": "outOfDate", "label":"Out of date" },{ "type":
"thumb-down", "id": "samplesCodeIssue", "label":"Samples / code issue" },{
"type": "thumb-down", "id": "otherDown", "label":"Other" }] [{ "type":
"thumb-up", "id": "easyToUnderstand", "label":"Easy to understand" },{ "type":
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*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
|
spiderum_text/654 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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Privacy & Terms
# Google
## Privacy & Terms
* Overview
* Privacy Policy
* Terms of Service
* Technologies
* FAQ
* Google Account
* Privacy Policy
* Introduction
* Information Google collects
* Why Google collects data
* Your privacy controls
* Sharing your information
* Keeping your information secure
* Exporting & deleting your information
* Retaining your information
* Compliance & cooperation with regulators
* About this policy
* Related privacy practices
* Data transfer frameworks
* Key terms
* Partners
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# Google Privacy Policy
When you use our services, you’re trusting us with your information. We
understand this is a big responsibility and work hard to protect your
information and put you in control.
This Privacy Policy is meant to help you understand what information we
collect, why we collect it, and how you can update, manage, export, and delete
your information.
Privacy Checkup
Looking to change your privacy settings?
Take the Privacy Checkup
Effective December 15, 2022 | Archived versions | Download PDF
## Contents
Introduction
Information Google collects
Why Google collects data
Your privacy controls
Sharing your information
Keeping your information secure
Exporting & deleting your information
Retaining your information
Compliance & cooperation with regulators
About this policy
Related privacy practices
We build a range of services that help millions of people daily to explore and
interact with the world in new ways. Our services include:
* Google apps, sites, and devices, like Search, YouTube, and Google Home
* Platforms like the Chrome browser and Android operating system
* Products that are integrated into third-party apps and sites, like ads, analytics, and embedded Google Maps
You can use our services in a variety of ways to manage your privacy. For
example, you can sign up for a Google Account if you want to create and manage
content like emails and photos, or see more relevant search results. And you
can use many Google services when you’re signed out or without creating an
account at all, like searching on Google or watching YouTube videos. You can
also choose to browse the web in a private mode, like Chrome Incognito mode.
And across our services, you can adjust your privacy settings to control what
we collect and how your information is used.
To help explain things as clearly as possible, we’ve added examples,
explanatory videos, and definitions for key terms. And if you have any
questions about this Privacy Policy, you can contact us.
# Information Google collects
We want you to understand the types of information we collect as you use our
services
We collect information to provide better services to all our users — from
figuring out basic stuff like which language you speak, to more complex things
like which ads you’ll find most useful, the people who matter most to you
online, or which YouTube videos you might like. The information Google
collects, and how that information is used, depends on how you use our
services and how you manage your privacy controls.
When you’re not signed in to a Google Account, we store the information we
collect with unique identifiers tied to the browser, application, or device
you’re using. This allows us to do things like maintain your preferences
across browsing sessions, such as your preferred language or whether to show
you more relevant search results or ads based on your activity.
When you’re signed in, we also collect information that we store with your
Google Account, which we treat as personal information.
## Things you create or provide to us
When you create a Google Account, you provide us with personal information
that includes your name and a password. You can also choose to add a phone
number or payment information to your account. Even if you aren’t signed in to
a Google Account, you might choose to provide us with information — like an
email address to communicate with Google or receive updates about our
services.
We also collect the content you create, upload, or receive from others when
using our services. This includes things like email you write and receive,
photos and videos you save, docs and spreadsheets you create, and comments you
make on YouTube videos.
## Information we collect as you use our services
### Your apps, browsers & devices
We collect information about the apps, browsers, and devices you use to access
Google services, which helps us provide features like automatic product
updates and dimming your screen if your battery runs low.
The information we collect includes unique identifiers, browser type and
settings, device type and settings, operating system, mobile network
information including carrier name and phone number, and application version
number. We also collect information about the interaction of your apps,
browsers, and devices with our services, including IP address, crash reports,
system activity, and the date, time, and referrer URL of your request.
We collect this information when a Google service on your device contacts our
servers — for example, when you install an app from the Play Store or when a
service checks for automatic updates. If you’re using an Android device with
Google apps, your device periodically contacts Google servers to provide
information about your device and connection to our services. This information
includes things like your device type and carrier name, crash reports, which
apps you've installed, and, depending on your device settings, other
information about how you’re using your Android device.
### Your activity
We collect information about your activity in our services, which we use to do
things like recommend a YouTube video you might like. The activity information
we collect may include:
* Terms you search for
* Videos you watch
* Views and interactions with content and ads
* Voice and audio information
* Purchase activity
* People with whom you communicate or share content
* Activity on third-party sites and apps that use our services
* Chrome browsing history you’ve synced with your Google Account
If you use our services to make and receive calls or send and receive
messages, we may collect call and message log information like your phone
number, calling-party number, receiving-party number, forwarding numbers,
sender and recipient email address, time and date of calls and messages,
duration of calls, routing information, and types and volumes of calls and
messages.
You can visit your Google Account to find and manage activity information
that’s saved in your account.
Go to Google Account
### Your location information
We collect information about your location when you use our services, which
helps us offer features like driving directions, search results for things
near you, and ads based on your general location.
Your location can be determined with varying degrees of accuracy by:
* GPS and other sensor data from your device
* IP address
* Activity on Google services, such as your searches and places you label like home or work
* Information about things near your device, such as Wi-Fi access points, cell towers, and Bluetooth-enabled devices
The types of location data we collect and how long we store it depend in part
on your device and account settings. For example, you can turn your Android
device’s location on or off using the device’s settings app. You can also turn
on Location History if you want to create a private map of where you go with
your signed-in devices. And if your Web & App Activity setting is enabled,
your searches and other activity from Google services, which may also include
location information, is saved to your Google Account. Learn more about how we
use location information.
* * *
In some circumstances, Google also collects information about you from
publicly accessible sources. For example, if your name appears in your local
newspaper, Google’s Search engine may index that article and display it to
other people if they search for your name. We may also collect information
about you from trusted partners, such as directory services who provide us
with business information to be displayed on Google’s services, marketing
partners who provide us with information about potential customers of our
business services, and security partners who provide us with information to
protect against abuse. We also receive information from advertising partners
to provide advertising and research services on their behalf.
We use various technologies to collect and store information, including
cookies, pixel tags, local storage, such as browser web storage or application
data caches, databases, and server logs.
# Why Google collects data
We use data to build better services
We use the information we collect from all our services for the following
purposes:
### Provide our services
We use your information to deliver our services, like processing the terms you
search for in order to return results or helping you share content by
suggesting recipients from your contacts.
### Maintain & improve our services
We also use your information to ensure our services are working as intended,
such as tracking outages or troubleshooting issues that you report to us. And
we use your information to make improvements to our services — for example,
understanding which search terms are most frequently misspelled helps us
improve spell-check features used across our services.
### Develop new services
We use the information we collect in existing services to help us develop new
ones. For example, understanding how people organized their photos in Picasa,
Google’s first photos app, helped us design and launch Google Photos.
### Provide personalized services, including content and ads
We use the information we collect to customize our services for you, including
providing recommendations, personalized content, and customized search
results. For example, Security Checkup provides security tips adapted to how
you use Google products. And Google Play uses information like apps you’ve
already installed and videos you’ve watched on YouTube to suggest new apps you
might like.
Depending on your settings, we may also show you personalized ads based on
your interests. For example, if you search for “mountain bikes,” you may see
an ad for sports equipment when you’re browsing a site that shows ads served
by Google. You can control what information we use to show you ads by visiting
your ad settings in My Ad Center.
* We don’t show you personalized ads based on sensitive categories, such as race, religion, sexual orientation, or health.
* We don’t show you personalized ads based on your content from Drive, Gmail, or Photos.
* We don’t share information that personally identifies you with advertisers, such as your name or email, unless you ask us to. For example, if you see an ad for a nearby flower shop and select the “tap to call” button, we’ll connect your call and may share your phone number with the flower shop.
Go to My Ad Center
### Measure performance
We use data for analytics and measurement to understand how our services are
used. For example, we analyze data about your visits to our sites to do things
like optimize product design. And we also use data about the ads you interact
with to help advertisers understand the performance of their ad campaigns. We
use a variety of tools to do this, including Google Analytics. When you visit
sites or use apps that use Google Analytics, a Google Analytics customer may
choose to enable Google to link information about your activity from that site
or app with activity from other sites or apps that use our ad services.
### Communicate with you
We use information we collect, like your email address, to interact with you
directly. For example, we may send you a notification if we detect suspicious
activity, like an attempt to sign in to your Google Account from an unusual
location. Or we may let you know about upcoming changes or improvements to our
services. And if you contact Google, we’ll keep a record of your request in
order to help solve any issues you might be facing.
### Protect Google, our users, and the public
We use information to help improve the safety and reliability of our services.
This includes detecting, preventing, and responding to fraud, abuse, security
risks, and technical issues that could harm Google, our users, or the public.
* * *
We use different technologies to process your information for these purposes.
We use automated systems that analyze your content to provide you with things
like customized search results, personalized ads, or other features tailored
to how you use our services. And we analyze your content to help us detect
abuse such as spam, malware, and illegal content. We also use algorithms to
recognize patterns in data. For example, Google Translate helps people
communicate across languages by detecting common language patterns in phrases
you ask it to translate.
We may combine the information we collect among our services and across your
devices for the purposes described above. For example, if you watch videos of
guitar players on YouTube, you might see an ad for guitar lessons on a site
that uses our ad products. Depending on your account settings, your activity
on other sites and apps may be associated with your personal information in
order to improve Google’s services and the ads delivered by Google.
If other users already have your email address or other information that
identifies you, we may show them your publicly visible Google Account
information, such as your name and photo. This helps people identify an email
coming from you, for example.
We’ll ask for your consent before using your information for a purpose that
isn’t covered in this Privacy Policy.
# Your privacy controls
You have choices regarding the information we collect and how it's used
This section describes key controls for managing your privacy across our
services. You can also visit the Privacy Checkup, which provides an
opportunity to review and adjust important privacy settings. In addition to
these tools, we also offer specific privacy settings in our products — you can
learn more in our Product Privacy Guide.
Go to Privacy Checkup
## Managing, reviewing, and updating your information
When you’re signed in, you can always review and update information by
visiting the services you use. For example, Photos and Drive are both designed
to help you manage specific types of content you’ve saved with Google.
We also built a place for you to review and control information saved in your
Google Account. Your Google Account includes:
### Privacy controls
### Activity Controls
Decide what types of activity you’d like saved in your account. For example,
if you have YouTube History turned on, the videos you watch and the things you
search for are saved in your account so you can get better recommendations and
remember where you left off. And if you have Web & App Activity turned on,
your searches and activity from other Google services are saved in your
account so you can get more personalized experiences like faster searches and
more helpful app and content recommendations. Web & App Activity also has a
subsetting that lets you control whether information about your activity on
other sites, apps, and devices that use Google services, such as apps you
install and use on Android, is saved in your Google Account and used to
improve Google services.
Go to Activity Controls
### Ad settings
Manage your preferences about the ads shown to you on Google and on sites and
apps that partner with Google to show ads. You can modify your interests,
choose whether your personal information is used to make ads more relevant to
you, and turn on or off certain advertising services.
Go to My Ad Center
### About you
Manage personal info in your Google Account and control who can see it across
Google services.
Go to About You
### Shared endorsements
Choose whether your name and photo appear next to your activity, like reviews
and recommendations, that appear in ads.
Go to Shared Endorsements
### Sites and apps that use Google services
Manage information that websites and apps using Google services, like Google
Analytics, may share with Google when you visit or interact with their
services.
Go to How Google uses information from sites or apps that use our services
### Ways to review & update your information
### My Activity
My Activity allows you to review and control data that’s saved to your Google
Account when you’re signed in and using Google services, like searches you’ve
done or your visits to Google Play. You can browse by date and by topic, and
delete part or all of your activity.
Go to My Activity
### Google Dashboard
Google Dashboard allows you to manage information associated with specific
products.
Go to Dashboard
### Your personal information
Manage your contact information, such as your name, email, and phone number.
Go to Personal Info
When you’re signed out, you can manage information associated with your
browser or device, including:
* Signed-out search personalization: Choose whether your search activity is used to offer you more relevant results and recommendations.
* YouTube settings: Pause and delete your YouTube Search History and your YouTube Watch History.
* Ad Settings: Manage your preferences about the ads shown to you on Google and on sites and apps that partner with Google to show ads.
## Exporting, removing & deleting your information
You can export a copy of content in your Google Account if you want to back it
up or use it with a service outside of Google.
Export your data
To delete your information, you can:
* Delete your content from specific Google services
* Search for and then delete specific items from your account using My Activity
* Delete specific Google products, including your information associated with those products
* Delete your entire Google Account
Delete your information
Inactive Account Manager allows you to give someone else access to parts of
your Google Account in case you’re unexpectedly unable to use your account.
And finally, you can also request to remove content from specific Google
services based on applicable law and our policies.
* * *
There are other ways to control the information Google collects whether or not
you’re signed in to a Google Account, including:
* Browser settings: For example, you can configure your browser to indicate when Google has set a cookie in your browser. You can also configure your browser to block all cookies from a specific domain or all domains. But remember that our services rely on cookies to function properly, for things like remembering your language preferences.
* Device-level settings: Your device may have controls that determine what information we collect. For example, you can modify location settings on your Android device.
# Sharing your information
## When you share your information
Many of our services let you share information with other people, and you have
control over how you share. For example, you can share videos on YouTube
publicly or you can decide to keep your videos private. Remember, when you
share information publicly, your content may become accessible through search
engines, including Google Search.
When you’re signed in and interact with some Google services, like leaving
comments on a YouTube video or reviewing an app in Play, your name and photo
appear next to your activity. We may also display this information in ads
depending on your Shared endorsements setting.
## When Google shares your information
We do not share your personal information with companies, organizations, or
individuals outside of Google except in the following cases:
### With your consent
We’ll share personal information outside of Google when we have your consent.
For example, if you use Google Home to make a reservation through a booking
service, we’ll get your permission before sharing your name or phone number
with the restaurant. We also provide you with controls to review and manage
third party apps and sites you have given access to data in your Google
Account. We’ll ask for your explicit consent to share any sensitive personal
information.
### With domain administrators
If you’re a student or work for an organization that uses Google services,
your domain administrator and resellers who manage your account will have
access to your Google Account. They may be able to:
* Access and retain information stored in your account, like your email
* View statistics regarding your account, like how many apps you install
* Change your account password
* Suspend or terminate your account access
* Receive your account information in order to satisfy applicable law, regulation, legal process, or enforceable governmental request
* Restrict your ability to delete or edit your information or your privacy settings
### For external processing
We provide personal information to our affiliates and other trusted businesses
or persons to process it for us, based on our instructions and in compliance
with our Privacy Policy and any other appropriate confidentiality and security
measures. For example, we use service providers to help operate our data
centers, deliver our products and services, improve our internal business
processes, and offer additional support to customers and users. We also use
service providers to help review YouTube video content for public safety and
analyze and listen to samples of saved user audio to help improve Google’s
audio recognition technologies.
### For legal reasons
We will share personal information outside of Google if we have a good-faith
belief that access, use, preservation, or disclosure of the information is
reasonably necessary to:
* Meet any applicable law, regulation, legal process, or enforceable governmental request. We share information about the number and type of requests we receive from governments in our Transparency Report.
* Enforce applicable Terms of Service, including investigation of potential violations.
* Detect, prevent, or otherwise address fraud, security, or technical issues.
* Protect against harm to the rights, property or safety of Google, our users, or the public as required or permitted by law.
We may share non-personally identifiable information publicly and with our
partners — like publishers, advertisers, developers, or rights holders. For
example, we share information publicly to show trends about the general use of
our services. We also allow specific partners to collect information from your
browser or device for advertising and measurement purposes using their own
cookies or similar technologies.
If Google is involved in a merger, acquisition, or sale of assets, we’ll
continue to ensure the confidentiality of your personal information and give
affected users notice before personal information is transferred or becomes
subject to a different privacy policy.
# Keeping your information secure
We build security into our services to protect your information
All Google products are built with strong security features that continuously
protect your information. The insights we gain from maintaining our services
help us detect and automatically block security threats from ever reaching
you. And if we do detect something risky that we think you should know about,
we’ll notify you and help guide you through steps to stay better protected.
We work hard to protect you and Google from unauthorized access, alteration,
disclosure, or destruction of information we hold, including:
* We use encryption to keep your data private while in transit
* We offer a range of security features, like Safe Browsing, Security Checkup, and 2 Step Verification to help you protect your account
* We review our information collection, storage, and processing practices, including physical security measures, to prevent unauthorized access to our systems
* We restrict access to personal information to Google employees, contractors, and agents who need that information in order to process it. Anyone with this access is subject to strict contractual confidentiality obligations and may be disciplined or terminated if they fail to meet these obligations.
# Exporting & deleting your information
You can export a copy of your information or delete it from your Google
Account at any time
You can export a copy of content in your Google Account if you want to back it
up or use it with a service outside of Google.
Export your data
To delete your information, you can:
* Delete your content from specific Google services
* Search for and then delete specific items from your account using My Activity
* Delete specific Google products, including your information associated with those products
* Delete your entire Google Account
Delete your information
# Retaining your information
We retain the data we collect for different periods of time depending on what
it is, how we use it, and how you configure your settings:
* Some data you can delete whenever you like, such as your personal info or the content you create or upload, like photos and documents. You can also delete activity information saved in your account, or choose to have it deleted automatically after a set period of time. We’ll keep this data in your Google Account until you remove it or choose to have it removed.
* Other data is deleted or anonymized automatically after a set period of time, such as advertising data in server logs.
* We keep some data until you delete your Google Account, such as information about how often you use our services.
* And some data we retain for longer periods of time when necessary for legitimate business or legal purposes, such as security, fraud and abuse prevention, or financial record-keeping.
When you delete data, we follow a deletion process to make sure that your data
is safely and completely removed from our servers or retained only in
anonymized form. We try to ensure that our services protect information from
accidental or malicious deletion. Because of this, there may be delays between
when you delete something and when copies are deleted from our active and
backup systems.
You can read more about Google’s data retention periods, including how long it
takes us to delete your information.
# Compliance & cooperation with regulators
We regularly review this Privacy Policy and make sure that we process your
information in ways that comply with it.
## Data transfers
We maintain servers around the world and your information may be processed on
servers located outside of the country where you live. Data protection laws
vary among countries, with some providing more protection than others.
Regardless of where your information is processed, we apply the same
protections described in this policy. We also comply with certain legal
frameworks relating to the transfer of data.
When we receive formal written complaints, we respond by contacting the person
who made the complaint. We work with the appropriate regulatory authorities,
including local data protection authorities, to resolve any complaints
regarding the transfer of your data that we cannot resolve with you directly.
## U.S. state law requirements
Some U.S. state privacy laws like the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA)
and Virginia Consumer Data Protection Act (VCDPA) require specific disclosures
for state residents.
This Privacy Policy is designed to help you understand how Google handles your
information:
* We explain the categories of information Google collects and the sources of that information in Information Google collects.
* We explain how Google uses information in Why Google collects data.
* We explain when Google may disclose information in Sharing your information. Google does not sell your personal information. Google also does not “share” your personal information as that term is defined in the CCPA.
* We explain how Google retains information in Retaining your information. You can also learn more about how Google anonymizes data. As described there, when Google anonymizes data to protect your privacy, we maintain policies and technical measures to avoid re-identifying that information.
State laws like the CCPA and VCDPA also provide the right to request
information about how Google collects, uses, and discloses your information.
And they give you the right to access and correct your information, and to
request that Google delete that information. The VCDPA also provides the right
to opt out of certain forms of profiling and targeted advertising. Finally,
the CCPA and VCDPA provide the right to not be discriminated against for
exercising these privacy rights.
We describe the choices you have to manage your privacy and data across
Google’s services in Your privacy controls. These tools allow you to access,
review, update and delete your information, as well as export and download a
copy of it. You can also control what information we use to show you ads, or
turn off personalized ads, by visiting My Ad Center.
When you use these tools, we’ll validate your request by verifying that you’re
signed in to your Google Account. If you have questions or requests related to
your rights under the CCPA or VCDPA, you (or your authorized agent) can also
contact Google. And if you disagree with the decision on your request, you can
ask Google to reconsider it by responding to the team’s email.
You can find more information on Google’s handling of CCPA requests.
The CCPA also requires a description of data practices using specific
categories. This table uses these categories to organize the information in
this Privacy Policy.
### Categories of information we collect
Identifiers and similar information such as your name and password, phone
number, and address, as well as unique identifiers tied to the browser,
application, or device you’re using. Some Google services like YouTube Studio
provide the option to submit a valid ID (such as a passport or driver’s
license) to verify your identity to use additional features.
Demographic information, such as your age, gender and language. If you choose
to use optional features like YouTube Creator Demographics, you can also
provide additional information, like your gender identity or race and
ethnicity.
Commercial information such as your payment information and a history of
purchases you make on Google’s services.
Biometric information if you choose to provide it, such as fingerprints in
Google’s product development studies.
Internet, network, and other activity information such as your search terms;
views and interactions with content and ads; Chrome browsing history you’ve
synced with your Google Account; information about the interaction of your
apps, browsers, and devices with our services (like IP address, crash reports,
and system activity); and activity on third-party sites and apps that use our
services. You can review and control activity data stored in your Google
Account in My Activity.
Geolocation data, such as may be determined by GPS, IP address, and other data
from sensors on or around your device, depending in part on your device and
account settings. Depending on these settings, this may include precise
location data, for example GPS data for Android features like navigation or
finding your phone. Learn more about Google’s use of location information.
Audio, electronic, visual, and similar information, such as voice and audio
information.
Communications data, such as emails, if you use our services to send and
receive messages.
Health information if you choose to provide it, such as your medical history,
vital signs and health metrics (like blood glucose levels), and other similar
information related to your physical or mental health, in the course of using
Google services that offer health-related features, such as the Google Health
Studies app.
Professional, employment, and education information, such as information you
provide or that is maintained through an organization using Google services at
which you study or work.
Other information you create or provide, such as the content you create,
upload, or receive (like photos and videos or emails, docs and spreadsheets).
Google Dashboard allows you to manage information associated with specific
products.
Inferences drawn from the above, like your ads interest categories.
### Business purposes for which information may be used or disclosed
Protecting against security threats, abuse, and illegal activity: Google uses
and may disclose information to detect, prevent and respond to security
incidents, and for protecting against other malicious, deceptive, fraudulent,
or illegal activity. For example, to protect our services, Google may receive
or disclose information about IP addresses that malicious actors have
compromised.
Auditing and measurement: Google uses information for analytics and
measurement to understand how our services are used, as well as to fulfill
obligations to our partners like publishers, advertisers, developers, or
rights holders. We may disclose non-personally identifiable information
publicly and with these partners, including for auditing purposes.
Maintaining our services: Google uses information to ensure our services are
working as intended, such as tracking outages or troubleshooting bugs and
other issues that you report to us.
Research and development: Google uses information to improve our services and
to develop new products, features and technologies that benefit our users and
the public. For example, we use publicly available information to help train
Google’s language models and build features like Google Translate.
Use of service providers: Google shares information with service providers to
perform services on our behalf, in compliance with our Privacy Policy and
other appropriate confidentiality and security measures. For example, we may
rely on service providers to help provide customer support.
Advertising: Google processes information to provide advertising, including
online identifiers, browsing and search activity, and information about your
location and interactions with advertisements. This keeps Google’s services
and many of the websites and services you use free of charge. You can control
what information we use to show you ads by visiting your ad settings in My Ad
Center.
Legal reasons: Google also uses information to satisfy applicable laws or
regulations, and discloses information in response to legal process or
enforceable government requests, including to law enforcement. We provide
information about the number and type of requests we receive from governments
in our Transparency Report.
### Parties with whom information may be disclosed
Other people with whom you choose to share your information, like docs or
photos, and videos or comments on YouTube.
Third parties with your consent, such as services that integrate with Google’s
services. You can review and manage third party apps and sites with access to
data in your Google Account.
Service providers, trusted businesses or persons that process information on
Google’s behalf, based on our instructions and in compliance with our Privacy
Policy and any other appropriate confidentiality and security measures.
Domain administrators, if you work or study at an organization that uses
Google services.
Law enforcement or other third parties, for the legal reasons described in
Sharing your information.
# About this policy
## When this policy applies
This Privacy Policy applies to all of the services offered by Google LLC and
its affiliates, including YouTube, Android, and services offered on third-
party sites, such as advertising services. This Privacy Policy doesn’t apply
to services that have separate privacy policies that do not incorporate this
Privacy Policy.
This Privacy Policy doesn’t apply to:
* The information practices of other companies and organizations that advertise our services
* Services offered by other companies or individuals, including products or sites they offer that may include Google services to which the policy applies, or products or sites displayed to you in search results, or linked from our services
## Changes to this policy
We change this Privacy Policy from time to time. We will not reduce your
rights under this Privacy Policy without your explicit consent. We always
indicate the date the last changes were published and we offer access to
archived versions for your review. If changes are significant, we’ll provide a
more prominent notice (including, for certain services, email notification of
Privacy Policy changes).
# Related privacy practices
## Specific Google services
The following privacy notices provide additional information about some Google
services:
* Chrome & the Chrome Operating System
* Payments
* Fiber
* Google Fi
* Google Workspace for Education
* Read Along
* YouTube Kids
* Google Accounts Managed with Family Link, for Children under 13 (or applicable age in your country)
* Family Link privacy guide for children & teens
* Voice and Audio Collection from Children’s Features on the Google Assistant
If you’re a member of an organization that uses Google Workspace or Google
Cloud Platform, learn how these services collect and use your personal
information in the Google Cloud Privacy Notice.
## Other useful resources
The following links highlight useful resources for you to learn more about our
practices and privacy settings.
* Your Google Account is home to many of the settings you can use to manage your account
* Privacy Checkup guides you through key privacy settings for your Google Account
* Google’s safety center helps you learn more about our built-in security, privacy controls, and tools to help set digital ground rules for your family online
* Google’s Teen Privacy Guide provides answers to some of the top questions we get asked about privacy
* Privacy & Terms provides more context regarding this Privacy Policy and our Terms of Service
* Technologies includes more information about:
* How Google uses cookies
* Technologies used for Advertising
* How Google uses information from sites or apps that use our services
## Key terms
### Affiliates
An affiliate is an entity that belongs to the Google group of companies,
including the following companies that provide consumer services in the EU:
Google Ireland Limited, Google Commerce Ltd, Google Payment Corp, and Google
Dialer Inc. Learn more about the companies providing business services in the
EU.
### Algorithm
A process or set of rules followed by a computer in performing problem-solving
operations.
### Application data cache
An application data cache is a data repository on a device. It can, for
example, enable a web application to run without an internet connection and
improve the performance of the application by enabling faster loading of
content.
### Browser web storage
Browser web storage enables websites to store data in a browser on a device.
When used in "local storage" mode, it enables data to be stored across
sessions. This makes data retrievable even after a browser has been closed and
reopened. One technology that facilitates web storage is HTML 5.
### Cookies
A cookie is a small file containing a string of characters that is sent to
your computer when you visit a website. When you visit the site again, the
cookie allows that site to recognize your browser. Cookies may store user
preferences and other information. You can configure your browser to refuse
all cookies or to indicate when a cookie is being sent. However, some website
features or services may not function properly without cookies. Learn more
about how Google uses cookies and how Google uses data, including cookies,
when you use our partners' sites or apps.
### Device
A device is a computer that can be used to access Google services. For
example, desktop computers, tablets, smart speakers, and smartphones are all
considered devices.
### Google Account
You may access some of our services by signing up for a Google Account and
providing us with some personal information (typically your name, email
address, and a password). This account information is used to authenticate you
when you access Google services and protect your account from unauthorized
access by others. You can edit or delete your account at any time through your
Google Account settings.
### IP address
Every device connected to the Internet is assigned a number known as an
Internet protocol (IP) address. These numbers are usually assigned in
geographic blocks. An IP address can often be used to identify the location
from which a device is connecting to the Internet.
### Non-personally identifiable information
This is information that is recorded about users so that it no longer reflects
or references an individually-identifiable user.
### Personal information
This is information that you provide to us which personally identifies you,
such as your name, email address, or billing information, or other data that
can be reasonably linked to such information by Google, such as information we
associate with your Google Account.
### Pixel tag
A pixel tag is a type of technology placed on a website or within the body of
an email for the purpose of tracking certain activity, such as views of a
website or when an email is opened. Pixel tags are often used in combination
with cookies.
### Referrer URL
A Referrer URL (Uniform Resource Locator) is information transmitted to a
destination webpage by a web browser, typically when you click a link to that
page. The Referrer URL contains the URL of the last webpage the browser
visited.
### Sensitive personal information
This is a particular category of personal information relating to topics such
as confidential medical facts, racial or ethnic origins, political or
religious beliefs, or sexuality.
### Server logs
Like most websites, our servers automatically record the page requests made
when you visit our sites. These “server logs” typically include your web
request, Internet Protocol address, browser type, browser language, the date
and time of your request, and one or more cookies that may uniquely identify
your browser.
A typical log entry for a search for “cars” looks like this:
123.45.67.89 - 25/Mar/2003 10:15:32 -
http://www.google.com/search?q=cars -
Firefox 1.0.7; Windows NT 5.1 -
740674ce2123e969
* `123.45.67.89` is the Internet Protocol address assigned to the user by the user’s ISP. Depending on the user’s service, a different address may be assigned to the user by their service provider each time they connect to the Internet.
* `25/Mar/2003 10:15:32` is the date and time of the query.
* `http://www.google.com/search?q=cars` is the requested URL, including the search query.
* `Firefox 1.0.7; Windows NT 5.1` is the browser and operating system being used.
* `740674ce2123a969` is the unique cookie ID assigned to this particular computer the first time it visited Google. (Cookies can be deleted by users. If the user has deleted the cookie from the computer since the last time they’ve visited Google, then it will be the unique cookie ID assigned to their device the next time they visit Google from that particular device).
### Unique identifiers
A unique identifier is a string of characters that can be used to uniquely
identify a browser, app, or device. Different identifiers vary in how
permanent they are, whether they can be reset by users, and how they can be
accessed.
Unique identifiers can be used for various purposes, including security and
fraud detection, syncing services such as your email inbox, remembering your
preferences, and providing personalized advertising. For example, unique
identifiers stored in cookies help sites display content in your browser in
your preferred language. You can configure your browser to refuse all cookies
or to indicate when a cookie is being sent. Learn more about how Google uses
cookies.
On other platforms besides browsers, unique identifiers are used to recognize
a specific device or app on that device. For example, a unique identifier such
as the Advertising ID is used to provide relevant advertising on Android
devices, and can be managed in your device’s settings. Unique identifiers may
also be incorporated into a device by its manufacturer (sometimes called a
universally unique ID or UUID), such as the IMEI-number of a mobile phone. For
example, a device’s unique identifier can be used to customize our service to
your device or analyze device issues related to our services.
## Additional Context
### ads you’ll find most useful
For example, if you watch videos about baking on YouTube, you may see more ads
that relate to baking as you browse the web. We also may use your IP address
to determine your approximate location, so that we can serve you ads for a
nearby pizza delivery service if you search for “pizza.” Learn more about
Google ads and why you may see particular ads.
### advertising and research services on their behalf
For example, advertisers may upload data from their loyalty-card programs so
that they can better understand the performance of their ad campaigns. We only
provide aggregated reports to advertisers that don’t reveal information about
individual people.
### Android device with Google apps
Android devices with Google apps include devices sold by Google or one of our
partners and include phones, cameras, vehicles, wearables, and televisions.
These devices use Google Play Services and other pre-installed apps that
include services like Gmail, Maps, your phone’s camera and phone dialer, text-
to-speech conversion, keyboard input, and security features. Learn more about
Google Play Services.
### combine the information we collect
Some examples of how we combine the information we collect include:
* When you’re signed in to your Google Account and search on Google, you can see search results from the public web, along with relevant information from the content you have in other Google products, like Gmail or Google Calendar. This can include things like the status of your upcoming flights, restaurant, and hotel reservations, or your photos. Learn more
* If you have communicated with someone via Gmail and want to add them to a Google Doc or an event in Google Calendar, Google makes it easy to do so by autocompleting their email address when you start to type in their name. This feature makes it easier to share things with people you know. Learn more
* The Google app can use data that you have stored in other Google products to show you personalized content, depending on your settings. For example, if you have searches stored in your Web & App Activity, the Google app can show you news articles and other information about your interests, like sports scores, based your activity. Learn more
* If you link your Google Account to your Google Home, you can manage your information and get things done through the Google Assistant. For example, you can add events to your Google Calendar or get your schedule for the day, ask for status updates on your upcoming flight, or send information like driving directions to your phone. Learn more
### customized search results
For example, when you’re signed in to your Google Account and have the Web &
App Activity control enabled, you can get more relevant search results that
are based on your previous searches and activity from other Google services.
You can learn more here. You may also get customized search results even when
you’re signed out. If you don’t want this level of search customization, you
can search and browse privately or turn off signed-out search personalization.
### deliver our services
Examples of how we use your information to deliver our services include:
* We use the IP address assigned to your device to send you the data you requested, such as loading a YouTube video
* We use unique identifiers stored in cookies on your device to help us authenticate you as the person who should have access to your Google Account
* Photos and videos you upload to Google Photos are used to help you create albums, animations, and other creations that you can share. Learn more
* A flight confirmation email you receive may be used to create a “check-in” button that appears in your Gmail
* When you purchase services or physical goods from us, you may provide us information like your shipping address or delivery instructions. We use this information for things like processing, fulfilling, and delivering your order, and to provide support in connection with the product or service you purchase.
### detect abuse
When we detect spam, malware, illegal content, and other forms of abuse on our
systems in violation of our policies, we may disable your account or take
other appropriate action. In certain circumstances, we may also report the
violation to appropriate authorities.
### devices
For example, we can use information from your devices to help you decide which
device you’d like to use to install an app or view a movie you buy from Google
Play. We also use this information to help protect your account.
### ensure and improve
For example, we analyze how people interact with advertising to improve the
performance of our ads.
### ensure our services are working as intended
For example, we continuously monitor our systems to look for problems. And if
we find something wrong with a specific feature, reviewing activity
information collected before the problem started allows us to fix things more
quickly.
### Information about things near your device
If you use Google’s Location services on Android, we can improve the
performance of apps that rely on your location, like Google Maps. If you use
Google’s Location services, your device sends information to Google about its
location, sensors (like accelerometer), and nearby cell towers and Wi-Fi
access points (like MAC address and signal strength). All these things help to
determine your location. You can use your device settings to enable Google
Location services. Learn more
### legal process, or enforceable governmental request
Like other technology and communications companies, Google regularly receives
requests from governments and courts around the world to disclose user data.
Respect for the privacy and security of data you store with Google underpins
our approach to complying with these legal requests. Our legal team reviews
each and every request, regardless of type, and we frequently push back when a
request appears to be overly broad or doesn’t follow the correct process.
Learn more in our Transparency Report.
### make improvements
For example, we use cookies to analyze how people interact with our services.
And that analysis can help us build better products. For example, it may help
us discover that it’s taking people too long to complete a certain task or
that they have trouble finishing steps at all. We can then redesign that
feature and improve the product for everyone.
### may link information
Google Analytics relies on first-party cookies, which means the cookies are
set by the Google Analytics customer. Using our systems, data generated
through Google Analytics can be linked by the Google Analytics customer and by
Google to third-party cookies that are related to visits to other websites.
For example, an advertiser may want to use its Google Analytics data to create
more relevant ads, or to further analyze its traffic. Learn more
### our users
For example, to prevent abuse and increase transparency and accountability
over our online content moderation practices, Google shares data about
requests for removal of content from our services with Lumen, which collects
and analyzes these requests to facilitate research to help Internet users
understand their rights. Learn more.
### partner with Google
There are over 2 million non-Google websites and apps that partner with Google
to show ads. Learn more
### payment information
For example, if you add a credit card or other payment method to your Google
Account, you can use it to buy things across our services, like apps in the
Play Store. We may also ask for other information, like a business tax ID, to
help process your payment. In some cases, we may also need to verify your
identity and may ask you for information to do this.
We may also use payment information to verify that you meet age requirements,
if, for example, you enter an incorrect birthday indicating you’re not old
enough to have a Google Account. Learn more
### personalized ads
You may also see personalized ads based on information from the advertiser. If
you shopped on an advertiser's website, for example, they can use that visit
information to show you ads. Learn more
### phone number
If you add your phone number to your account, it can be used for different
purposes across Google services, depending on your settings. For example, your
phone number can be used to help you access your account if you forget your
password, help people find and connect with you, and make the ads you see more
relevant to you. Learn more
### protect against abuse
For example, information about security threats can help us notify you if we
think your account has been compromised (at which point we can help you take
steps to protect your account).
### publicly accessible sources
For example, we may collect information that’s publicly available online or
from other public sources to help train Google’s language models and build
features like Google Translate. Or, if your business’s information appears on
a website, we may index and display it on Google services.
### rely on cookies to function properly
For example, we use a cookie called ‘lbcs’ that makes it possible for you to
open many Google Docs in one browser. Blocking this cookie would prevent
Google Docs from working as expected. Learn more
### safety and reliability
Some examples of how we use your information to help keep our services safe
and reliable include:
* Collecting and analyzing IP addresses and cookie data to protect against automated abuse. This abuse takes many forms, such as sending spam to Gmail users, stealing money from advertisers by fraudulently clicking on ads, or censoring content by launching a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack.
* The “last account activity” feature in Gmail can help you find out if and when someone accessed your email without your knowledge. This feature shows you information about recent activity in Gmail, such as the IP addresses that accessed your mail, the associated location, and the date and time of access. Learn more
### sensitive categories
When showing you personalized ads, we use topics that we think might be of
interest to you based on your activity. For example, you may see ads for
things like "Cooking and Recipes" or "Air Travel.” We don’t use topics or show
personalized ads based on sensitive categories like race, religion, sexual
orientation, or health. And we require the same from advertisers that use our
services.
### Sensor data from your device
Your device may have sensors that can be used to better understand your
location and movement. For example, an accelerometer can be used to determine
your speed and a gyroscope to figure out your direction of travel.
### servers around the world
For example, we operate data centers located around the world to help keep our
products continuously available for users.
### services to make and receive calls or send and receive messages
Examples of these services include:
* Google Voice, for making and receiving calls, sending text messages, and managing voicemail
* Google Meet, for making and receiving video calls
* Gmail, for sending and receiving emails
* Google Chat, for sending and receiving messages
* Google Duo, for making and receiving video calls and sending and receiving messages
* Google Fi, for a phone plan
### show trends
When lots of people start searching for something, it can provide useful
information about particular trends at that time. Google Trends samples Google
web searches to estimate the popularity of searches over a certain period of
time and shares those results publicly in aggregated terms. Learn more
### specific Google services
For example, you can delete your blog from Blogger or a Google Site you own
from Google Sites. You can also delete reviews you’ve left on apps, games, and
other content in the Play Store.
### specific partners
For example, we allow YouTube creators and advertisers to work with
measurement companies to learn about the audience of their YouTube videos or
ads, using cookies or similar technologies. Another example is merchants on
our shopping pages, who use cookies to understand how many different people
see their product listings. Learn more about these partners and how they use
your information.
### synced with your Google Account
Your Chrome browsing history is only saved to your account if you’ve enabled
Chrome synchronization with your Google Account. Learn more
### the people who matter most to you online
For example, when you type an address in the To, Cc, or Bcc field of an email
you're composing, Gmail will suggest addresses based on the people you contact
most frequently.
### the public
For example, we process information about requests to remove content from our
services under Google's content removal policies or applicable law to assess
the request, and to ensure transparency, improve accountability and prevent
abuse and fraud in these practices.
### third parties
For example, we process your information to report use statistics to rights
holders about how their content was used in our services. We may also process
your information if people search for your name and we display search results
for sites containing publicly available information about you.
### Views and interactions with content and ads
For example, we collect information about views and interactions with ads so
we can provide aggregated reports to advertisers, like telling them whether we
served their ad on a page and whether the ad was likely seen by a viewer. We
may also measure other interactions, such as how you move your mouse over an
ad or if you interact with the page on which the ad appears.
### Voice and audio information
For example, you can choose whether you want Google to save an audio recording
to your Google Account when you interact with Google Search, Assistant, and
Maps. When your device detects an audio activation command, like “Hey Google,”
Google records your voice and audio plus a few seconds before the activation.
Learn more
### your activity on other sites and apps
This activity might come from your use of Google services, like from syncing
your account with Chrome or your visits to sites and apps that partner with
Google. Many websites and apps partner with Google to improve their content
and services. For example, a website might use our advertising services (like
AdSense) or analytics tools (like Google Analytics), or it might embed other
content (such as videos from YouTube). These services may share information
about your activity with Google and, depending on your account settings and
the products in use (for instance, when a partner uses Google Analytics in
conjunction with our advertising services), this data may be associated with
your personal information.
Learn more about how Google uses data when you use our partners' sites or
apps.
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spiderum_text/3617 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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IP address: 3.211.110.80
Time: 2023-02-15T15:01:08Z
URL: https://support.google.com/photos/answer/6156060
*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
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|
spiderum_text/2057 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
chrome
chrome enterprise
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Get in touch Get Chrome browser
1. Home
2. Chrome Enterprise events
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# Chrome Enterprise events
Join upcoming events or watch on demand to learn about Chrome Enterprise.
* Chrome Insider
* Chrome Enterprise Demo Day
### Chrome Insider: Learn useful techniques and best practices from Chrome
experts to help you improve and secure how your teams work on the web.
December 8, 2022 | 09:00 AM - 10:00 PST
Watch on-demand
### Chrome Enterprise Demo Day: Join us as we discuss the latest news and
capabilities for Chrome browser and ChromeOS.
June 8, 2022 | 10:00 - 11:00 AM PDT
Watch on-demand
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### Find your next Chrome Enterprise event
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productivity Healthcare Management/Deployment Security Technical/Trainings
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Asia Pacific English French German Japanese Chrome Browser ChromeOS
Clear filters
Events
Best Practices
##### Chrome Insider: Learn useful techniques and best practices from Chrome
experts to help you improve and secure how your teams work on the web.
December 8, 2022
English
Virtual
09:00 AM - 10:00 PST
Watch on-demand
Best Practices
##### Chrome Enterprise Demo Day: Join us as we discuss the latest news and
capabilities for Chrome browser and ChromeOS.
June 8, 2022
English
Virtual
10:00 - 11:00 AM PDT
Watch on-demand
Best Practices
##### Earth Day: Sustainable IT with ChromeOS
April 26, 2022
English
Hybrid
13:00 - 16:00 BST
Watch on-demand
Best Practices
##### Earth Day avec ChromeOS
April 26, 2022
French
Hybrid
17:00 - 18:30 PM CEST
Watch on-demand
Security
##### Google Workspace OnAir - Work Safer
March 28, 2022
Japanese
Virtual
16:00 - 17:30 PM JST
Watch on-demand
End-user productivity
##### Chrome Released Series: Highlights from the Chrome 94 and 95 releases
December 8, 2021
English
Virtual
10:00AM - 10:15AM PDT
Watch on-demand
End-user productivity
##### Chrome Insider: An in-depth look at new browser capabilities for IT
December 2, 2021
English
Virtual
10:00AM - 11:15AM PDT
Watch on-demand
Best Practices
##### VMworld Japan - ChromeOS
ãæ¯ããæ°ããæ代ã®ä»äºã¨ãã¯ããã¸ã¼
November 26, 2021
Japanese
Virtual
13:40-14:20 PM JST
Watch on-demand
Best Practices
##### Citrix Future of Work - ãã¬ã¯ã¼ã¯æ代ã«æ¡ç¨ãå éãã
Chromebook
November 25, 2021
Japanese
Virtual
14:00 - 14:30 PM JST
Watch on-demand
Management/Deployment
##### Unpacking Parallels Desktop for ChromeOS
November 18, 2021
English
Virtual
9:30 AM - 10-00 AM GTM
Watch on-demand
Financial Services
##### Enabling financial organizations to modernize their workforce and
customer experience with ChromeOS
November 11, 2021
English
Virtual
10:00AM - 10:30AM PDT
Watch on-demand
End-user productivity
##### Chrome Released Series: Highlights from the Chrome 92 and 93 releases
September 29, 2021
English
Virtual
10:00AM - 10:15AM PDT
Watch on-demand
Security
##### ChromeOS ã§ãã¸ãã¹ãå®å ¨ã«ä¿ã¤æ¹æ³
August 26, 2021
Japanese
Virtual
14:00-14:30 PM JST
Watch on-demand
End-user productivity
##### How to get started with managing Chrome browser: A demo video series
August 19, 2021
English
Virtual
10:00AM - 10:45AM PDT
Watch on-demand
End-user productivity
##### Addressing the challenges of todayâs hybrid workplace
July 15, 2021
English
Virtual
10:00AM - 10:30AM PDT
Watch on-demand
End-user productivity
##### Chrome Released Series: Highlights from the Chrome 90 and 91 releases
June 23, 2021
English
Virtual
10:00AM - 10:15AM PDT
Watch on-demand
Best Practices
##### Chrome Insider: Browser tips and tricks for IT admins
June 10, 2021
English
Virtual
10:00AM - 11:15AM PDT
Watch on-demand
Best Practices
##### Citrix Cloud + Chromebook ã§å®ç¾ï¼ãå¿«é©ã§ããå®å
¨ãªããªã¢ã¼ãã¯ã¼ã¯ç°å¢
May 21, 2021
Japanese
Virtual
2:00PM - 3:00PM JST
Watch on-demand
End-user productivity
##### Home. Heading back. Hybrid. Hear from the experts on hybrid work and
return-to-office.
May 20, 2021
English
Virtual
9:00AM - 10:00AM PDT
Watch on-demand
End-user productivity
##### How to improve the accessibility of the end userâs computing
experience with Chrome browser and ChromeOS
May 20, 2021
English
Virtual
10:00AM - 10:30AM PDT
Watch on-demand
End-user productivity
##### Chrome Released Series: Highlights from the Chrome 88 and 89 releases
March 31, 2021
English
Virtual
10:00AM - 10:15AM PDT
Watch on-demand
End-user productivity
##### How to get started with Chrome Enterprise: A step by step guide
March 25, 2021
English
Virtual
10:00AM - 11:00AM PDT
Watch on-demand
Best Practices
##### ããVPNã¯ä¸è¦ ! Chromebook 㨠Splashtop ã ãã®å
´æãé¸ã°ãªãåãæ¹!!
March 23, 2021
Japanese
Virtual
10:00AM - 11:30AM JST
Watch on-demand
Best Practices
##### Citrix Cloud + Chromebook ã§å®ç¾ï¼ãå¿«é©ã§ããå®å
¨ãªããªã¢ã¼ãã¯ã¼ã¯ç°å¢
March 2, 2021
Japanese
Virtual
2:00PM - 3:00PM JST
Watch on-demand
End-user productivity
##### Chrome Browser 2020 year in review and a sneak peak into 2021
January 28, 2021
English
Virtual
8:00AM - 8:30AM PST
Watch on-demand
End-user productivity
##### ChromeOS Demo Day: See the latest in apps, hardware and product
solutions for modernizing your workforce technologies
December 3, 2020
English
Virtual
Time: 8:30AM - 9:30AM PDT
Watch on-demand
End-user productivity
##### Erleben Sie mit uns die Zukunft unserer Arbeitsplätze beim Power Up
2020 Event. Machen Sie mit und erfahren Sie, wie Ihre Organisation mit dem
Ãkosystem von Chrome Enterprise die neue Normalität der Telearbeit meistern
kann.
November 26, 2020
German
Virtual
Time: 9:30AM - 11:30AM CET
Watch on-demand
All
##### Power Up 2020: Plongeons ensemble dans lâavenir du digital workplace
et découvrez comment Chrome Enterprise peut aider votre organisation Ã
sâadapter à la nouvelle réalité du travail à distance.
November 17, 2020
French
Virtual
Time: 9:30AM - 11:30AM CET
Watch on-demand
All
##### Power Up 2020: join us for a day of compelling sessions around Chrome
Enterprise use cases, customer stories, security features and discover
Googleâs vision for future workplace. Learn. Connect. Power Up!
November 10, 2020
English
Virtual
Time: 9:30AM - 12:00PM GMT
Watch on-demand
End-user productivity
##### Disruption preparedness begins with your cloud workforce
October 7, 2020
English
Virtual
Time: 8:00AM - 9:00AM PDT
Watch on-demand
Cost of Ownership
##### How Chrome Enterprise saves businesses time and money throughout the
device lifecycle
September 23, 2020
English
Virtual
Time: 2:00PM- 2:30PM AEST
Watch on-demand
End-user productivity
##### 2020 & Beyond: Tailoring the Web for a New Era of Business
September 17, 2020
English
Virtual
Time: 8:00AM - 9:00AM PDT
Watch on-demand
Technical/Trainings
##### Admin Essentials on Chrome OnAir: a virtual event brought to you by
Chrome Browser experts
September 15, 2020
English
Virtual
Time: 8:00AM - 9:30AM PDT
Watch on-demand
Healthcare
##### Modernising the delivery of healthcare with Chrome Enterprise
August 19, 2020
English
Virtual
Time: 2:00PM â 5:00PM AEST
Watch on-demand
Cost of Ownership
##### How Chrome Enterprise saves businesses time and money throughout the
device lifecycle
August 19, 2020
English
Virtual
Time: 8:30AM - 9:00AM PDT
Watch on-demand
Security
##### How Chrome Browser can play a pivotal role in your enterprise security
strategy
August 19, 2020
English
Virtual
Time: 8:00AM - 8:30AM PDT
Watch on-demand
Management/Deployment
##### å¹æçãªãã§ã³ã¸ ããã¸ã¡ã³ã㧠ChromeOS ã®å°å
¥ãä¿é²
August 5, 2020
Japanese
Virtual
Time: 2:00PM - 2:30PM JST
Watch on-demand
Technical/Trainings
##### Chrome Enterprise customer training series: Support and troubleshooting
July 30, 2020
English
Virtual
Time: 9:00AM - 9:30AM PDT
Watch on-demand
Security
##### Chrome Enterprise + Bloomberg: Optimizing Security for the Long Term
July 23, 2020
English
Virtual
Time: 9:00AM - 10:00AM PDT
Watch on-demand
Technical/Trainings
##### Chrome Enterprise customer training series: Admin Console overview and
best practices
July 23, 2020
English
Virtual
Time: 9:00AM - 9:30AM PDT
Watch on-demand
Healthcare
##### Modernizing the delivery of healthcare with Chrome Enterprise
July 22, 2020
English
Virtual
Time: 8:00AM - 8:30AM PDT
Watch on-demand
End-user productivity
##### How IT teams can maximize end-user productivity with Chrome Enterprise
July 22, 2020
English
Virtual
Time: 8:30AM - 9:00AM PDT
Watch on-demand
Technical/Trainings
##### Chrome Enterprise customer training series: SSO, Identity and Access
July 16, 2020
English
Virtual
Time: 9:30AM - 10:00AM PDT
Watch on-demand
Technical/Trainings
##### Chrome Enterprise customer training series: Chrome Deployment
methodology and adoption
July 16, 2020
English
Virtual
Time: 9:00AM - 9:30AM PDT
Watch on-demand
Management/Deployment
##### Boosting ChromeOS adoption with effective change management
July 1, 2020
English
Virtual
Time: 2:00PM - 2:30PM AEST
Watch on-demand
End-user productivity
##### Streamlining your service deskâs support for Chrome Browser
June 24, 2020
English
Virtual
Time: 8:30AM - 9:00AM PDT
Watch on-demand
Management/Deployment
##### Boosting ChromeOS adoption with effective change management
June 24, 2020
English
Virtual
Time: 9:00AM - 9:30AM BST
Watch on-demand
Management/Deployment
##### Boosting ChromeOS adoption with effective change management
June 24, 2020
English
Virtual
Time: 9:00AM - 9:30AM PDT
Watch on-demand
Security
##### Chrome Enterprise 㨠BeyondCorp ã®
ãã¬ã¯ã¼ã¯åãã»ãã¥ãªãã£æ©è½ã®ãç´¹ä»
June 23, 2020
Japanese
Virtual
Time: 2:00PM - 2:30PM JST
Watch on-demand
End-user productivity
##### Témoignage client: Decathlon
June 17, 2020
French
Virtual
Time: 10:00AM - 10:30AM CEST
Watch on-demand
End-user productivity
##### The work from home future: How technology leaders are revolutionizing
work
June 11, 2020
English
Virtual
Time: 9:00AM - 10:00AM PDT
Watch on-demand
Security
##### Sécuriser le travail à distance
June 11, 2020
French
Virtual
Time: 10:00AM - 10:30AM CEST
Watch on-demand
Best Practices
##### Cloud Day Chrome Enterprise
ã§ãä»ãããã¬ã¯ã¼ã¯ãå®ç¾ããã
June 10, 2020
Japanese
Virtual
Time: 2:00PM - 2:30PM JST
Watch on-demand
End-user productivity
##### Leveraging Intel-powered Chromebooks for remote work
June 10, 2020
English
Virtual
Time: 9:30AM - 10:00AM BST
Watch on-demand
Security
##### Sicherheit bei der Remote-Arbeit
June 9, 2020
German
Virtual
Time: 10:00AM - 10:30AM CEST
Watch on-demand
Security
##### Securing remote workers with Google and Chrome Enterprise
June 3, 2020
English
Virtual
Time: 2:00PM - 3:00PM NSW
Watch on-demand
Best Practices
##### Google Cloud
ã§å®ç¾ããæ°ããã»ãã¥ã¢ãªãªã¢ã¼ãã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ã¨ VDI
ã®æ©æå°å ¥ã»ããã¼
May 28, 2020
Japanese
Virtual
Time: 4:00PM - 6:15PM JST
Watch on-demand
End-user productivity
##### Chrome Enterprise customer panel: Rethinking resilience and technology
for remote working
May 27, 2020
English
Virtual
Time: 3:00PM - 3:30PM BST
Watch on-demand
Security
##### Securing remote workers with Google and Chrome Enterprise
May 20, 2020
English
Virtual
Time: 10:00AM - 10:30AM BST
Watch on-demand
Security
##### Securing remote workers with Google and Chrome Enterprise
May 20, 2020
English
Virtual
Time: 10:00AM - 10:30AM PDT
Watch on-demand
Management/Deployment
##### Managing Chrome Browser from the cloud and your existing management
tools
May 19, 2020
English
Virtual
Time: 8:00AM - 8:30AM PDT
Watch on-demand
End-user productivity
##### Chrome Enterprise ãã¬ã¯ã¼ã¯ã·ãªã¼ãº
April 27, 2020
Japanese
Virtual
Time: 2:00PM - 3:00PM JST
Watch on-demand
End-user productivity
##### Chrome Enterprise remote work series
April 27, 2020
English
Virtual
Time: 2:30PM - 3:00PM NSW
Watch on-demand
End-user productivity
##### Chrome Enterprise remote work series
April 16, 2020
English
Virtual
Time: 10:00AM - 11:00AM BST
Watch on-demand
End-user productivity
##### Chrome Enterprise remote work series
April 16, 2020
English
Virtual
Time: 10:00AM - 11:00AM PDT
Watch on-demand
Security
##### Chrome Browser for enterprise: Securing your organization with Chrome
Browser
March 25, 2020
English
Virtual
Time: 9:00AM - 9:15AM PDT
Watch on-demand
Cost of Ownership
##### Mesurer lâimpact économique du déploiement de Chrome Enterprise
March 4, 2020
French
Virtual
Time: 3:00PM - 3:30PM CEST
Watch on-demand
Cost of Ownership
##### The Total Economic Impact of Chrome Enterprise deployment
March 4, 2020
English
Virtual
Time: 3:00PM - 3:30PM BST
Watch on-demand
Best Practices
##### Best practices for enterprise Browser and extension management
March 3, 2020
English
Virtual
Time: 9:00AM - 9:30AM PDT
Watch on-demand
Load more
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## Work with Google or our trusted partners
Our experts will help you build the right solution for your needs. Or choose
one of our global partners for help with development, deployment, consulting,
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Get in touch Find a partner
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Maintenance Phase
Aubrey Gordon & Michael Hobbes
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Debunking the junk science behind health fads, wellness scams and nonsensical
nutrition advice.
Maintenance Phase
Available episodes
Newest first
Oldest first
1 day ago
Elizabeth Taylor's "Elizabeth Takes Off"
History should make you feel weird and so, apparently, should diet books.
*Support us:* * Hear bonus episodes on Patreon * Donate on PayPal * Get
Maintenance Phase T-shirts, stickers and more * Buy Aubrey's new book * Listen
to Mike's new podcast *Links!* * Elizabeth Takes Off * Elizabeth: The Life of
Elizabeth Taylor * Elizabeth Taylor: Diet Tips on How to Become a Size 6 *
Just Look at Her Now * Elizabeth Taylor: Born to the Purple * Elizabeth
Taylor: The Lost Interview * Elizabeth Taylor’s Glorious Excess * Elizabeth
Taylor’s Astonishing Health History * Elizabeth Taylor’s Cook Not To Blame * *
Support the show
58 min
playlist_add
Jan 3, 2023
“Glorifying Obesity” And Other Myths About Fat People
This week, we're talking about Aubrey's new book, "'You Just Need To Lose
Weight' and 19 Other Myths About Fat People." And we're yelling about Piers
Morgan as a little treat. *Support us:* * Hear bonus episodes on Patreon *
Donate on PayPal * Get Maintenance Phase T-shirts, stickers and more * Buy
Aubrey's new book * Listen to Mike's new podcast *Preorder Aubrey's book at
your favorite bookstore or here:* * Bookshop.org * Powell's Books * Blackstone
Books * Black Pearl Books * Amazon * Barnes & Noble * Book Depository *
Audible (audiobook) * Libro.fm (audiobook)Support the show
50 min
playlist_add
Dec 20, 2022
Workplace Wellness
Charging disabled people more for health care is illegal. But what about ...
charging non-disabled people less? *Support us:* * Hear bonus episodes on
Patreon * Donate on PayPal * Get Maintenance Phase T-shirts, stickers and more
* Buy Aubrey's new book * Listen to Mike's new podcast *Links! * * A Review of
the U.S. Workplace Wellness Market * "Wellness" Based Healthcare is a Scam *
2013 Rand Report * Workplace Wellness Produces No Savings\ * Workplace
Wellbeing Is a Scam * Employers should disband employee weight control
programs * Using Incentives in Workplace Wellness Programs * Coerced into
Health * Current Trends in Reducing Cardiovascular Risk Factors in the US *
The effectiveness of worksite nutrition and physical activity interventions
for controlling employee overweight * Managing Manifest Diseases, But Not
Health Risks, Saved PepsiCo Money Over Seven Years * The Dubious Empirical and
Legal Foundations of Workplace Wellness Programs * Toward A Critical Theory of
Corporate Wellness * The development and growth of employer-provided health
insurance * The Ideological Construction Of Risk * Wellness Incentives In The
Workplace * A Fatter Butt Equals a Skinnier Wallet * The Outcomes, Economics,
and Ethics of the Workplace Wellness Industry * What’s Bad about Wellness?
Support the show
1 hr 13 min
playlist_add
Nov 15, 2022
The Food Pyramid
In the 1990s, the Food Pyramid was one of the most recognizable symbols in
nutrition education. But where did it come from? Why was it created by the
agriculture department? And why did it tell us to eat a whole loaf of bread
every day? *Support us:* * Hear bonus episodes on Patreon * Donate on PayPal *
Get Maintenance Phase T-shirts, stickers and more * Buy Aubrey's new book *
Listen to Mike's new podcast * Links!* * Anna-Britt Agnsäter * Rounding Out
the Food Pyramid * Food Lobbies, The Food Pyramid, and US Nutrition Policy *
The Fattening: Reassessing The Food Pyramid * Catering to Cows and Consumers *
US Drops New Food Chart * Are Cattlemen Now Guarding the Hen House? * Testing
of the Food Pyramid Comes Full Circle * Topping the Food Pyramid * Food
Pyramid Replaced By 'MyPlate' * Is The Food Pyramid Obsolete? * Coca-Cola
Funds Scientists to Shift Blame * Experts Say Lobbying Skewed the US Dietary
Guidelines * Food Politics Thanks to Doctor Dreamchip for our lovely theme
song! Support the show
52 min
playlist_add
Nov 8, 2022
Bonus: Mike's New Podcast!
Mike and Aubrey introduce Mike's new show, If Books Could Kill! Find it on
Apple, Spotify, Stitcher, Google and wherever else you get your podcasts.
Also, don't forget to pre-order Aubrey's new book! *Support us:* * Subscribe
on Patreon * Donate on PayPal * Get Maintenance Phase shirts, stickers and
moreSupport the show
1 hr 18 min
playlist_add
Nov 1, 2022
The Daily Harvest Food Poisoning Scandal
“Herpes is basically living the dream” — Aubrey Gordon. Support us: *
Subscribe on Patreon * Donate on PayPal * Get Maintenance Phase shirts,
stickers and more * Check out Mike's other podcast, If Books Could Kill * Pre-
order Aubrey's book! Links! * Marion Nestle's "Safe Food" * The vomiting,
diarrhea, and gallbladder surgeries were bad enough. Daily Harvest’s alleged
food poisoning victims say the startup’s response made things worse * For Now,
Skip Eating Products That Contain Tara Flour, CR's Food Experts Say * Bill
Marler’s Daily Harvest posts * The original Reddit post * The History,
Politics & Perils Of The Current Food Safety Controversy * Food poisoning and
unsafe temperatures: Many meal kit companies aren’t FDA regulated * Public
Health and Food Safety: a Historical Association * Investigating Food Safety
Implications Of Meal-Kit Delivery Subscription Services In Toronto * Vitamin
retention in eight fruits and vegetables: a comparison of refrigerated and
frozen storage * Ten years post-GAO assessment, FDA remains uninformed of
potentially harmful GRAS substances in foods * Daily Harvest updates * Rachel
Drori interview * Antioxidants in Fresh and Frozen Fruit and Vegetables:
Impact Study of Varying Storage Conditions * Generally recognized as safe
(GRAS): history and description Thanks to Doctor Dreamchip for our lovely
theme song! Support the show
1 hr 2 min
playlist_add
Oct 18, 2022
Mini-Sode: The Dr. Oz Campaign
Pennsylvania listeners check your registration here! Mike and Aubrey break
down the policies and promises of Dr. Oz's Senate campaign in Pennsylvania.
Plus! A re-run of our complete Dr. Oz episode from last year. Support us: *
Subscribe on Patreon * Donate on PayPal * Get Maintenance Phase shirts,
stickers and more Links: * Transcript of the infamous Congressional hearing *
The Making of Dr. Oz * Columbia and the Problem of Dr. Oz * The FTC lawsuit
against green coffee bean extract sellers * The Oz craze: The effect of pop
culture media on health care * The BMJ content analysis of the Dr. Oz show *
Ageing, fitness and neurocognitive function * Real-world doctors fact-check
Dr. Oz, and the results aren't pretty * Dr. Oz may be America's most
influential — and controversial — physician Thanks to Ashley Smith for editing
assistance and Doctor Dreamchip for our lovely theme song!Support the show
1 hr 13 min
playlist_add
Oct 11, 2022
Paul Bragg & The Rise of Apple Cider Vinegar
Health claims about apple cider vinegar are everywhere. But are they true?
This week, we hop into the wayback machine for the story of America's first
health influencer. (That's not true, but neither is anything else in this
episode.) Thanks to David Johnston for providing sources for this week’s
episode! *Support us:* * Hear bonus episodes on Patreon * Donate on PayPal *
Get Maintenance Phase T-shirts, stickers and more *Links:* * A Longstanding
Legacy of Promoting Healthy Living * About Paul (Internet Archive) * 100 Years
of Health with Patricia Bragg * Patricia Bragg: Born to do her father's work *
In the Name of the ‘Father’ (part 2, part 3) * FDA report on enforcement &
compliance * FTC decisions, 1941 * How Americans Became Obsessed With Drinking
Apple Cider Vinegar * Debunking the health benefits of apple cider vinegar *
Orlando Bloom Bonded with Katy Perry over Apple Cider Vinegar * Investor group
acquires Bragg Live Food Products Thanks to Doctor Dreamchip for our lovely
theme song!Support the show
55 min
playlist_add
Sep 27, 2022
The French Paradox
How an early-'90s newsmagazine show convinced a generation of Americans to
start drinking red wine. For the antioxidants! Special thanks to Susanne
Stolpe and Alexander H. Sandtorv for helping us fact-check this episode!
*Support us:* * Hear bonus episodes on Patreon * Donate on PayPal * Get
Maintenance Phase T-shirts, stickers and more Links! * Diet and alcohol in
heart disease risk: the French Paradox * Absorption of three wine-related
polyphenols in three different matrices by healthy subjects * From red wine to
polyphenols and back: A journey through the history of the French Paradox *
Wine as a Biological Fluid: History, Production, and Role in Disease
Prevention * Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Confounders Among Nondrinking and
Moderate-Drinking U.S. Adults * Alcohol, Drinking Pattern, and Chronic Disease
* The French paradox: lessons for other countries * Myocardial Infarction and
Coronary Deaths in the World Health Organization MONICA Project * Coronary
heart disease in France and in Europe: Where are the facts? * Wine And Juice
Management And Marketing Decisions: The Case Of The French Paradox * Decline
of coronary heart disease mortality is strongly effected by changing patterns
of underlying causes of death * The Medical Autopsy: Past, Present, and
Dubious Future * New dimensions in cause of death statistics * Should
socioeconomic factors be considered as traditional risk factors for
cardiovascular disease, as confounders, or as risk modifiers? * Wine, alcohol,
platelets, and the French paradox for coronary heart disease * Alcohol,
Ischemic Heart Disease, and the French Paradox * Death certificates are not
reliable: revivification of the autopsy Thanks to Doctor Dreamchip for our
lovely theme song!Support the show
55 min
playlist_add
Sep 13, 2022
Goop
Do we even need to write a description? It's the Goopisode! *Support us:* *
Hear bonus episodes on Patreon * Donate on PayPal * Get Maintenance Phase
T-shirts, stickers and more *Links!* * How Goop’s Haters Made Gwyneth
Paltrow’s Company Worth $250 Million * How Gwyneth Paltrow took Goop from a
homebrewed newsletter to a controversial $250 million wellness powerhouse *
Gwyneth Paltrow Feels Good — and So Can You * Is Gwyneth Paltrow’s GOOP $1.6M
In Debt? * Goop and Condé Nast Team Up on a Magazine - The New York Times *
Gwyneth Paltrow didn't want Condé Nast to fact-check Goop articles * A hungry
Gwyneth Paltrow fails the food-stamp challenge four days in * Dear Gwyneth,
this is what living on food stamps really looks like * My $29 Food Stamp
Challenge & The Recipes * Gwyneth Paltrow's Having the Chicest Yard Sale Ever
* Gwyneth Paltrow says children of celebrities 'almost have to work twice as
hard' once they 'unfairly' get their start in Hollywood * Gwyneth Paltrow
brings aerial yoga, trans talks and cryofacials to Goop health conference * We
Attended Gwyneth Paltrow's $500-a-Ticket Health Summit * Anti-Medication Goop
Summit Expert Claims AIDS Treatment Kills and GMOs Cause Depression * Inside
Goop, Gwyneth Paltrow's Growing Empire * The history of self-care * Still
Processing: We Care for Ourselves and Others in Trump’s America Thanks to
Doctor Dreamchip for our lovely theme song!Support the show
1 hr
playlist_add
Sep 6, 2022
BONUS: Moon Juice Taste Test
This week's episode is running late so here's something to tide you over! Last
year, we did an episode on Gwyneth-adjacent influencer Amanda Chantal Bacon
and her wellness company, Moon Juice. This year we decided to TASTE THE DUST.
This episode was originally for our Patreon supporters. Click here if you'd
like to sign up! Support us: * Hear bonus episodes on Patreon * Donate on
PayPal * Get Maintenance Phase T-shirts, stickers and more Thanks to Doctor
Dreamchip for our lovely theme song!Support the show
54 min
playlist_add
Aug 23, 2022
The Scarsdale Diet Murder feat. Sarah Marshall
In 1982 a murder captured America's imagination. Forty years later, two
podcasts joined forces to talk about it. Hear more from Sarah at You're Wrong
About and You Are Good! Support us: * Hear bonus episodes on Patreon * Donate
on PayPal * Get Maintenance Phase T-shirts, stickers and more Links! * Diana
Trilling’s “Mrs. Harris” * Shana Alexander’s “Very Much a Lady” * "The
Complete Scarsdale Medical Diet" Thanks to Doctor Dreamchip for our lovely
theme song!Support the show
1 hr 32 min
playlist_add
Aug 9, 2022
“French Women Don't Get Fat”
A dieting book or a how-to guide for an eating disorder? Pourquoi pas les deux
? Support us: * Hear bonus episodes on Patreon * Donate on PayPal * Get
Maintenance Phase T-shirts, stickers and more Links! * The By The Book episode
* The NYT interview with Mireille Guiliano * Gabrielle Deydier: what it’s like
to be fat in France * Inhaling Their Food * Publishers sell snobbery by the
page * Champagne and Pizza * 'French Women Don't Get Fat': Like Champagne for
Chocolate Thanks to Doctor Dreamchip for our lovely theme song!Support the
show
57 min
playlist_add
Jul 26, 2022
Pete Evans Part 2: COVID & Consequences
"Celebrity chef Pete Evans has activated his last almond with the Seven
Network." Support us: * Hear bonus episodes on Patreon * Donate on PayPal *
Get Maintenance Phase T-shirts, stickers and more Links! * Pete Evans on
COVID-19 restrictions * Pete Evans on who gets COVID * Introducing the
BioCharger * Coronavirus treatment spruiked by chef Pete Evans criticised by
health associations, to be investigated by TGA - ABC News * Pete Evans'
company fined for alleged COVID-19 advertising breaches | Therapeutic Goods
Administration (TGA) * Pete Evans fined $80,000 by health department for
alleged unlawful spruiking of devices and medicines * Australian celebrity
chef Pete Evans under fire for sharing views of UK conspiracy theorist David
Icke * Pete Evans' boasts he played 60 Minutes Australia like 'game of chess'
* Oh, for Pete's sake: The rise and fall (and possible rise) of Pete Evans *
Dumped by sponsors, what happens to Pete Evans now? * Sonnenrad, symbol…
59 min
playlist_add
Jul 12, 2022
Pete Evans Part 1: The Paleo Way
How a beloved TV chef became one of Australia's most polarizing public
figures. Support us: * Hear bonus episodes on Patreon * Donate on PayPal * Get
Maintenance Phase T-shirts, stickers and more Links! * Going Paleo: What
Prehistoric Man Actually Ate * The Paleo Way (video clip) * Paleolithic
nutrition for metabolic syndrome * Paleo diet still lacks evidence *
Atherosclerosis across 4000 years of human history * How to Really Eat Like a
Hunter-Gatherer: Why the Paleo Diet Is Half-Baked * Ancient leftovers show the
real Paleo diet was a veggie feast * Expert dismisses Pete Evans' claims that
modern diet causes autism * Celebrity Chef's Paleo Cookbook for Babies Delayed
After Health Fears * Pete Evans: paleo cookbook for mums and babies under fire
again * AMA accuses Pete Evans of endangering lives with unscientific health
advice * Pete Evans provides 'evidence' for his fluoride claims Thanks to
Doctor Dreamchip for our lovely theme song!Support the sh…
53 min
playlist_add
Jun 28, 2022
The Worm Wars
In 1998, a researcher rolled out an innovative approach to education. And in
2015, Methodology Twitter had a big fight about it. Support us: * Hear bonus
episodes on Patreon * Donate on PayPal * Get Maintenance Phase T-shirts,
stickers and more Links! * The original 2004 paper * The 2015 re-analysis *
The 2015 meta-analysis * The Tanzania dissertation * Doing Good Better * Worm
Wars: The Anthology * Deworming Debunked * WHO advises blanket anti-worming
treatment for children despite lack of benefit * Deworming Delusions? Mass
Drug Administration In East African Schools * Understanding Heterogeneity in
the Impact of National Neglected Tropical Disease Control Programmes * What
Has Been Learned from the Deworming Replications: A Nonpartisan View * Mass
Deworming Programs in Middle Childhood and Adolescence * Is it worth treating
everyone who might get worms? * New research debunks merits of global
deworming programmes * Should the WHO withdraw supp…
57 min
playlist_add
Jun 7, 2022
Calorie Menu Labeling
This year, the UK implemented a law requiring chain restaurants to list
calorie counts on their menus. Where did these policies come from? What impact
do they have? And why is a Julia Roberts quote from 1990 the best way to
describe them? Support us: * Hear bonus episodes on Patreon * Donate on PayPal
* Get Maintenance Phase T-shirts, stickers and more Links! * Calorie Labelling
Regulations - GOV.UK * Calorie labelling: implementation guidance - GOV.UK *
Do Menu Calorie Counts Actually Change How We Eat? * Calorie counts on menus:
What's the real impact on diners and restaurants? * Court Upholds the City's
Rule Requiring Some Restaurants to Post Calorie Counts * Menu Labeling |
Center for Science in the Public Interest * Menu Labeling Requirements | FDA *
Calorie Labeling And Food Choices: A First Look At The Effects On Low-Income
People In New York City * The influence of calorie labeling on food orders and
consumption: A review of the literature - PMC *…
50 min
playlist_add
May 24, 2022
The Trouble With Calories
Weight loss is as simple as “calories in, calories out,” right? Or — gasp —
could the reply guys be wrong!? This week, we dig in on the surprisingly
complex science behind a seemingly simple calculation. Support us: * Hear
bonus episodes on Patreon * Donate on PayPal * Get Maintenance Phase T-shirts,
stickers and more Links! * History of the Calorie in Nutrition * Caloric
Equivalents of Gained or Lost Weight * The Foreign Policy of the Calorie * Why
the most popular rule of weight loss is completely wrong * Time to Correctly
Predict the Amount of Weight Loss With Dieting * Mysteries of Weight Loss *
The energy balance model of obesity: beyond calories in, calories out *
“Calories in, calories out” and macronutrient intake * Olympians owe gold
standard to a 19th-century chemist * Calories on food packets are wrong—it’s
time to change that * Why Does the FDA Recommend 2,000 Calories Per Day? * Who
Actually Needs a 2,000 Calorie a Day Diet…
53 min
playlist_add
May 10, 2022
Diet Book Deep Dive: “How To Take 20 Pounds Off Your Man”
This week, Mike and Aubrey take on a manual for creep behavior masquerading as
a diet book. Along the way, we cover shopping guides, journalism salaries and
the proper preparation of Cornish game hens. We love our curvy husbands.
Support us: * Hear bonus episodes on Patreon * Donate on PayPal * Get
Maintenance Phase T-shirts, stickers and more Links! * How to Take 20 Pounds
Off Your Man by Kalter, Suzy: (1984) | The Book Store * Suzy Kalter Gershman
Obituary * The book cover Thanks to Doctor Dreamchip for our lovely theme
song!Support the show
50 min
playlist_add
Apr 19, 2022
Zombie Statistics Spectacular!
Debunking some of the most widely repeated myths about fat and health. Here's
Mike's new video! Support us: * Hear bonus episodes on Patreon * Donate on
PayPal * Get Maintenance Phase T-shirts, stickers and more Thanks to Doctor
Dreamchip for our lovely theme song!Support the show
58 min
playlist_add
Apr 5, 2022
Michael Pollan's "The Omnivore's Dilemma"
How a liberal journalist entrenched a libertarian fantasy. Thanks to Sarah
Taber for helping us with the research for this episode! Support us: * Hear
bonus episodes on Patreon * Donate on PayPal * Get Maintenance Phase T-shirts,
stickers and more Links! * Julie Guthman's "Weighing In" * Rachel Laudan's
"Cooking and Empire" * Heidi Zimmerman's "Caring for the Middle Class Soul" *
Joel Salatin’s Unsustainable Myth * Chris Newman’s Blog * Everything I Want to
Do Is Racist: How America’s favorite farmer lost his way. * Clean Food: If You
Want to Save the World, Get Over Yourself. * The USA lags behind other
agricultural nations in banning harmful pesticides * Governing food: Media,
politics and pleasure * Michael Pollan's Misguided Food Nostalgia * A Plea for
Culinary Modernism * The French Terroir Strategy, and Culinary Modernism * The
Dark Side of Local Thanks to Doctor Dreamchip for our lovely theme
song!Support the show
1 hr 6 min
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Mar 29, 2022
Bonus: Fad Diets
This week's show is still in the oven so we're releasing one of our first
Patreon bonus episodes. We asked our listeners for the wildest and wackiest
fad diets they've ever tried and ended up doing mini-deep dives into The
Rotation Diet, The Shangri-La Diet, The Special K Diet, Bethenny Frankel's
"Naturally Thin" plan and the Blood Type Diet. Enjoy, and see you next week!
Support us: * Hear bonus episodes on Patreon * Donate on PayPal * Get
Maintenance Phase T-shirts, stickers and more Thanks to Doctor Dreamchip for
our lovely theme song! Support the show
1 hr 12 min
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Mar 15, 2022
Jordan Peterson Part 2: The Moscow Diaries
In 2019, Jordan Peterson disappeared from public life. One year later, he re-
emerged with a diagnosis, a story and no self-reflection whatsoever. Thanks to
Katelyn Burns and Talia Lavin for help fact-checking this episode and Doctor
Dreamchip for our lovely theme song! Support us: * Hear bonus episodes on
Patreon * Donate on PayPal * Get Maintenance Phase T-shirts, stickers and more
Links! * Joe Rogan Experience #1070 - Jordan Peterson * Why the Left Is So
Afraid of Jordan Peterson * When Your Psychologist Goes Viral: How Jordan
Peterson’s Fame Affected His Private Practice * Jordan Peterson’s Gospel of
Masculinity * The Intellectual We Deserve * Auditing Radicalization Pathways
on YouTube * The Left’s Contempt for Jordan Peterson Is Perfectly Rational * I
was Jordan Peterson’s strongest supporter. Now I think he’s dangerous. *
Jordan Peterson: Why I am no longer a tenured professor at the University of
Toronto * Jordan Peterson & Fascist Mystic…
55 min
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Mar 1, 2022
Jordan Peterson Part 1: The Carnivore Diet
Oops all meat: How a '50s bodybuilder, a Grateful Dead roadie and an
unreadable professor accidentally launched one of America's wildest fad diets.
Here's Mike's "Cancel Culture" video! Note: In our discussion of Jordan
Peterson’s political correctness lecture, I made a sarcastic comment about
looking “slim in this dress.” After the episode came out, we started hearing
from listeners that my comment reminded them of fatphobic jokes they’d heard
in the past and didn’t feel consistent with the message of the show. They were
right! It was a bad joke and we've removed it from the episode. We'll be
discussing this and our approach to handling feedback and editing past
episodes in more detail soon. Thanks to everyone who wrote in to let us know!
— Mike Support us: * Hear bonus episodes on Patreon * Donate on PayPal * Get
Maintenance Phase T-shirts, stickers and more Links! * Joe Rogan Experience
#1070 - Jordan Peterson * Atlantic article on the all-beef diet * J…
1 hr 9 min
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Feb 15, 2022
"Super Size Me"
Aubrey thought she could swear less in this week’s episode. She was wrong.
*Support us:* * Hear bonus episodes on Patreon * Donate on PayPal * Get
Maintenance Phase T-shirts, stickers and more *Links!* * Super Size Me Trailer
* "Super Size Me" \- CBS NewsWhere's the Beef? The Challenges of Obesity Suits
* Morgan Spurlock on Sexual Misconduct Confession, 'Super Size Me 2' * Former
Employees Say Morgan Spurlock's Production Company Was 'Fratty Boys' Club' *
Food and Drug Law Journal * “Cheeseburger Bill” protects food industry - The
Lancet * Meet the science teacher who lost 60 pounds eating nothing but
McDonald's three meals a day * Impressed by the demise of Supersize? Take a
closer lookSupport the show
1 hr 2 min
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Feb 1, 2022
"Illness Influencer" Belle Gibson
In 2015, Belle Gibson was an Australian "eco-preneur" with a vegetarian
cookbook, a blockbuster wellness app and a terminal cancer diagnosis. Today,
she's one of the most hated figures in the country. Support us: * Hear bonus
episodes on Patreon * Donate on PayPal * Get Maintenance Phase T-shirts,
stickers and more Links! * The Woman Who Fooled The World * What we know about
Belle Gibson * The mystery of Belle Gibson, who claimed she cured cancer with
clean living * Friends and doctors raise doubts over 'Healing Belle' cancer
claims * Mega-blogger Belle Gibson casts doubt on her own cancer claims *
Melbourne mum Belle Gibson on taking the world by storm with her app The Whole
Pantry, while fighting terminal brain cancer * The Belle Gibson scandal: The
rise of lifestyle gurus as micro-celebrities in low-trust societies * Belle
Gibson: "My lifelong struggle with the truth" * Catalog of Belle’s posts and
timeline * Bad Influencer: The Great Insta Con * Co…
1 hr 6 min
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Jan 18, 2022
Diet Book Deep Dive: The Karl Lagerfeld Diet
Who’s that Bond villain stroking a cat and yelling at beloved public figures?
It’s Karl Lagerfeld! This week, Mike and Aubrey go in on fashion’s favorite
turbo troll and his fancy, joyless diet. This episode serves four. *Support
us:* * Hear bonus episodes on Patreon * Donate on PayPal * Get Maintenance
Phase T-shirts, stickers and more *Links!:* * The Karl Lagerfeld Diet * Kaiser
Karl: The Life of Karl Lagerfeld * Karl Lagerfeld: My childhood was very
simple * A Look Back at Designer Karl Lagerfeld’s Iconic Fashion Career in
Photos * Seven of Karl Lagerfeld's most iconic moments * Karl Lagerfeld
Becomes a Video-Game Character * Karl Lagerfeld's most controversial quotes on
fat women * Karl Lagerfeld's most controversial quotes * Karl Lagerfeld on
Adele (archived) * Karl Lagerfeld’s illustration of Adolf Hitler and Angela
Merkel (archived) * Paris is Losing it - The New York Times * Here's What Our
Nutritionist Thinks of Karl Lagerfeld's Diet…
53 min
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Jan 4, 2022
Fat Camps
How America's oldest fat camp — and the inspiration for Disney’s
"Heavyweights" — became the symbol of a health intervention that enjoys
worldwide popularity despite no evidence that it improves anyone's health.
*Support us:* * Hear bonus episodes on Patreon * Donate on PayPal * Get
Maintenance Phase T-shirts, stickers and more *Links!* * The Epic Family Feud
Behind an Iconic American Weight-Loss Camp for Kids * Two teenagers placed in
foster care after weight loss plan fails * Calls to set up fat camps for obese
children in Scotland * Childhood obesity: are new treatment centres the
solution?Weight-loss Camps and Their Effect on Childhood Obesity *
Psychosocial outcomes in a weight loss camp for overweight youth * Inside
Britain’s First Ever Residential “Fat Camp” * Working at Camp Shane: Employee
Reviews * Missing campers, falsified documents and other issues revealed in CT
weight-loss camp investigation * Kids Weight Loss Camp That Closed Has…
59 min
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Dec 14, 2021
The "Sleep Loss Epidemic"
Matthew Walker's "Why We Sleep" was one of the most popular and acclaimed
wellness books of 2017. There's just one problem: Much of it isn't true.
Thanks to University of Ottawa Postdoctoral Fellow Dylan Smith for helping us
with the research! Support us: * Hear bonus episodes on Patreon * Donate on
PayPal * Get Maintenance Phase T-shirts, stickers and more Links! * Walker's
TED Talk * Alexey's blog post: Matthew Walker's "Why We Sleep" Is Riddled with
Scientific and Factual Errors * Walker’s Response * Trouble With TED * Does
daylight savings kill people? * Why We Sleep: A Tale Of Institutional Failure
* Is Matthew Walker’s “Why We Sleep” Riddled with Scientific and Factual
Errors? * Up All Night: The science of sleeplessness * Exploring the Necessity
and Virtue of Sleep * Why Do We Sleep? * Siesta in Healthy Adults and Coronary
Mortality in the General Population * A Chronobiological Evaluation of the
Acute Effects of Daylight Saving Time on…
1 hr 12 min
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Nov 30, 2021
Vibrators
It's a sexual health episode! This week, Mike and Aubrey dive into the hotly
debated medical history of vibrators and ask: who fact-checks the fact-
checkers? Note: A previous version of this episode included language that
referred to “the female downstairs,” implying both that gender is linked to
genitals (it isn’t) and that vibrators were used primarily by cis women (they
weren’t). We love our trans listeners and we don’t want to do anything that
makes them feel excluded, so we’ve removed the sections where that language
appeared. We'll be discussing this and our approach to handling feedback in
more detail soon. Thanks to everyone who wrote in to let us know! — Mike
Support us: * Hear bonus episodes on Patreon * Donate on PayPal * Get
Maintenance Phase T-shirts, stickers and more *Links!* * The Technology of
Orgasm by Rachel Maines * Buzz by Hallie Lieberman * Signior Dildo * Hysteria!
trailer * Vibrators had a long history as medical quackery befor…
49 min
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Nov 16, 2021
Is Being Fat Bad For You?
For nearly four decades, Americans have heard a simple story about health,
longevity and obesity. This week, we learn it's a little more complicated.
Thanks to Katherine Flegal, Paul Campos, Jeff Hunger and Jason Salemi for
helping us research and fact-check this episode! Support us: * Hear bonus
episodes on Patreon * Donate on PayPal * Get Maintenance Phase T-shirts,
stickers and more Links! * Katherine Flegal’s “The obesity wars and the
education of a researcher” * Walter Willett's " Evidence does not support
benefit of being overweight on mortality" * Flegal’s 2005 paper * Flegal’s
2013 article * Willett’s 2016 meta-analysis * The infamous 2004 CDC paper *
Fat: A Cultural History of Obesity * Paul Campos's "The Obesity Myth" * Walter
Willett’s Food Fight * The obesity research that blew up * Flawed methods and
inappropriate conclusions for health policy on overweight and obesity: The
Global BMI Mortality Collaboration meta-analysis *…
1 hr 25 min
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Oct 26, 2021
Diet Book Deep Dive: Angela Lansbury's "Positive Moves"
At the height of her "Murder She Wrote" fame, Angela Lansbury released a home
workout video full of synth music, peach jumpsuits and ~sensuality~. This
week, we’re exploring the anti-Goop-ness of Angela’s fitness book and video,
"Positive Moves."! It gets a little heavy toward the end, but we promise: No
one was canceled in the making of this episode. *Support us:* * Hear bonus
episodes on Patreon * Donate on PayPal * Get Maintenance Phase T-shirts,
stickers and more *Links!* * Positive Moves video on YouTube (cued up to
“moving freely”) * Positive Moves book * What is Gaslighting? The 1944 film
Gaslight is the best explainer.Support the show
57 min
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Oct 12, 2021
Rachel Hollis Part 2: Girl, Start Apologizing
In the sequel (sorry) to our first installment, we take a deep dive into
Rachel's wildly problematic books and deeply weird downfall. Along the way we
discuss allyship etiquette, MLMs and Ronald Reagan. We remain convinced that
getting matching tattoos was the right decision for us. Support us: * Hear
bonus episodes on Patreon * Donate on PayPal * Get Maintenance Phase T-shirts,
stickers and more Links! * The infamous Tik Tok * Savy Writes Books' video
essays * The Rise & Fall of Rachel Hollis * The Divine Rise of Multilevel
Marketing * Kaitlyn Luckow's "Girl, It’s Okay To Be Dirty: A Look At Toxic
Self-Help" * Multilevel-marketing companies like LuLaRoe are forcing people
into debt and psychological crisis * Jesus never called us to chase after
power, money, and fame * “Girl, Wash Your Face” Is A Massive Best-Seller With
A Dark Message * Your Brain Is Not an Onion With a Tiny Reptile Inside *
Influencer Rachel Hollis Is Facing Accusations She Is Pla…
1 hr 7 min
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Sep 28, 2021
Rachel Hollis Part 1: Hashtag Relatable
Girl, stop reinforcing the status quo. Support us: * Hear bonus episodes on
Patreon * Donate on PayPal * Get Maintenance Phase T-shirts, stickers and more
Videos! * The infamous Tik Tok * Momfession: I get up at 5 am * The "bikini
mom" talk * How To Start A Podcast Support the show
1 hr 12 min
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Sep 14, 2021
Marianne Williamson
Last year, spiritual leader Marianne Williamson made headlines when she ran
for president. But 10 years earlier, she wrote a bestselling book that
promised to teach readers how to “surrender" their weight forever. This week,
Mike and Aubrey take a deep dive into Williamson’s life story and her 2010
book, “A Course in Weight Loss." Along the way we talk nonprofit drama,
Eleanor Roosevelt and gays for Marianne. Plus, Mike’s got a message for the
twinks. Support us: * Hear bonus episodes on Patreon * Donate on PayPal * Get
Maintenance Phase T-shirts, stickers and more Videos! * Marianne Williamson on
Forgiveness * A Course in Weight Loss * A Course in Weight Loss, Chapter Two *
A Course in Weight Loss, Chapter 7 * A Course in Weight Loss, Chapter 8 Links!
* Who is Marianne Williamson? Her 2020 presidential campaign and policies,
explained * The Divine Miss W * Faith: Marianne Williamson Is Full of It * The
Gospel According to Marianne Williamson *…
58 min
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Aug 31, 2021
The Great Protein Fiasco
How Nestlé executives, global health institutions and a very racist white lady
seeded a series of nutritional misconceptions we're still living with today.
Special thanks to John Nott for helping us out with this episode! Here's his
papers on the history of protein and the British Empire. * “No one may starve
in the British Empire”: Kwashiorkor, Protein and the Politics of Nutrition
Between Britain and Africa * “How Little Progress”? A Political Economy of
Postcolonial Nutrition Support us: * Hear bonus episodes on Patreon * Donate
on PayPal * Get Maintenance Phase T-shirts, stickers and more Links! * Cicely
Williams’ dissertation * Dariush Mozaffarian's "History of Modern Nutrition
Science" * The Incidence Of Protein-Calorie Malnutrition Of Early Childhood *
An Error of Medicine? Kwashiorkor and the “Protein Gap” * Childhood
Malnutrition In Developing Nations: Looking Back and Looking Forward * The
Politics of Protein * The Impact of Coloni…
1 hr 11 min
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Aug 17, 2021
The Obesity Epidemic
Over the last 30 years, fatness has been defined as a risk factor for disease,
then a disease in itself, then a global epidemic. What caused this rapid
shift? Who’s gonna join our group of B-roll vigilantes? And did we just hear
Morgan Freeman? Support us: * Hear bonus episodes on Patreon * Donate on
PayPal * Get Maintenance Phase T-shirts, stickers and more Books! * Fat
Politics * Killer Fat * The End of the Obesity Epidemic * Folk Devils and
Moral Panics * Moral Panics Links! * American Obesity Association PSA * AMA
Recognizes Obesity as a Disease * Regarding Obesity as a Disease: Evolving
Policies and Their Implications * For Researchers on Obesity: Historical
Review of Extra Body Weight Definitions * Obesity task force linked to WHO
takes “millions” from drug firms * Medicare’s search for effective obesity
treatments: diets are not the answer * Research: How Americans’ Biases Are
Changing (or not) Over Time * Satcher: Obesity Reaching…
59 min
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Aug 3, 2021
The Body Mass Index
The BMI is EVERYWHERE. But is it scientific or scientif-ish? While many
Americans think of the body mass index as an objective measure of health, its
history reveals a more complicated story. This week, Mike and Aubrey tackle
the first in a two-part series about the BMI and the “Obesity Epidemic.” Along
the way they visit 18th century Belgium, learn a gross new acronym and dissect
Dracula's facial features. *LINKS!:* * The Bizarre and Racist History of the
BMI (Elemental) * Adolphe Quetelet, Social Physics, and the Average Men of
Science, 1796-1874 (University of Pittsburgh Press) * Mindful of eugenics’
dark history, researchers are reexamining the genetics of social mobility
(Quartz) * Adolphe Quetelet (1796–1874)—the average man and indices of obesity
(Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation) * For Researchers on Obesity: Historical
Review of Extra Body Weight Definitions (Obesity) * Quetelet, Adolphe
(Canada’s Eugenics Archives) * Top 10 Reasons Why The BMI I…
1 hr 9 min
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Jul 20, 2021
School Lunches, P-Hacking and the Original "Pizzagate"
This week we're diving into one of the biggest-ever scandals in nutrition
research. For nearly two decades, Brian Wansink's Food and Brand Lab told
Americans that lower weights, healthier workplaces and better school lunches
were just a few small tweaks away. Then, in 2015, he wrote a blog post and it
all came crashing down. Support us: * Hear bonus episodes on Patreon * Donate
on PayPal * Get Maintenance Phase T-shirts, stickers, face masks and more
Links! * A Credibility Crisis in Food Science * Statistical heartburn: An
attempt to digest four pizza publications from the Cornell Food and Brand Lab
* Brian Wansink: Data Masseur, Media Villain, Emblem of a Thornier Problem *
The Wansink Dossier: An Overview * More Evidence That Nutrition Studies Don’t
Always Add Up * Here’s How Cornell Scientist Brian Wansink Turned Shoddy Data
Into Viral Studies About How We Eat * False-Positive Psychology: Undisclosed
Flexibility in Data Collection and Analysis Allows Pres…
1 hr 17 min
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Jul 6, 2021
The Keto Diet
So long, root vegetables! This week, we dive into the strange and surprising
history of the 100-year-old ketogenic diet. Along the way, we encounter a
Victorian bodybuilder, an infamous podcast bro and the possibility of a bad
Meryl Streep performance (!). Get in, loser, we're counting macros! Support
us: * Hear bonus episodes on Patreon * Donate on PayPal * Get Maintenance
Phase T-shirts, stickers and more Links! * What Is the Keto Diet and Does It
Work? (NYT) * The Ketogenic Diet for Weight Loss (Today’s Dietitian) * Meet
the Wackiest Billionaire Ever to Run for President (Money) * Trailer for
"First, Do No Harm" * Keto Diet History - How the Ketogenic Diet Went
Mainstream (Men's Health) * 7 Dangers of the Keto Diet | Health.com (Health
Magazine) * 15 Keto Diet Side Effects to Know – Possible Keto Diet Dangers
(Prevention) * Ketogenic Diet May Lead to an Increased Risk of Type 2 Diabetes
(The Physiological Society) Support the show
56 min
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Jun 22, 2021
Oprah Winfrey & "John of God"
Special guest Kimberly Springer joins us to talk about an infamous, dangerous
faith healer and his two — two! — appearances on Oprah's talk show. This
episode contains, we're sorry to say, detailed descriptions of sexual assault.
Buy Kimberly's books: * Stories of Oprah: The Oprahfication of American
Culture * Living for the Revolution: Black Feminist Organizations, 1968-1980
Support us: * Subscribe on Patreon * Donate on PayPal * Get Maintenance Phase
shirts, stickers and more Links! * Behind the Bastards podcast series on John
of God * The O Magazine article * John of God, the Miracle Healer * Celebrity
Healer in Brazil Is Accused of Sexually Abusing Followers * Oprah’s 2012
article Support the show
58 min
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Jun 8, 2021
Oprah Winfrey & The “Wagon of Fat”
Do you have weird feelings about Oprah? So do we, and so does our guest!
Kimberly Springer, co-editor of "Stories of Oprah: The Oprahfication of
American Culture," joins us to talk about the rise of Oprah Winfrey and her
infamous "wagon of fat" weight loss episode. Buy Kimberly's books: * Stories
of Oprah: The Oprahfication of American Culture * Living for the Revolution:
Black Feminist Organizations, 1968-1980 Support us: * Subscribe on Patreon *
Donate on PayPal * Get Maintenance Phase shirts, stickers and more Clips! *
Oprah Winfrey Rolls Out A Wagon Of Fat (Buzzfeed) * How Oprah's Weight
Affected Her Relationship with Stedman (Oprah) * MadTv - Oprah - Fat Cam (Mad
TV) Links! * The Importance of Being Oprah (New York Times Magazine) * Oprah's
'Fattest' Mistake (CBS News) * 5 awesome objects from the new Oprah exhibit
(Washington Post) * Oprah's biggest on-air mistake? The wagon of fat (Today) *
Diet That Made Oprah Winfrey Slim Demands Discipline,…
50 min
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May 25, 2021
Celery Juice
Do you have viruses? Cysts? Cancer? Are you tired sometimes? According to
Instagram, the problem might be a lack of liquefied vegetables! This week,
Mike and Aubrey take on a troubling taste test, meet a ghost with bad
intentions and encounter the longest list of problematic celebrities we've
ever seen. Plus, we start the show with an announcement: We're doing Patreon-
only bonus episodes! Sign up here: https://www.patreon.com/maintenancephase
Support us: * Subscribe on Patreon * Donate on PayPal * Get Maintenance Phase
shirts, stickers and more Links! * Anthony William on Extra * Anthony William
on Keeping Up with the Kardashians * Celery Juice Is the Perfect, Probably
Pointless Trend for 2019 (Vanity Fair) * Food Isn't Medicine. Here's Why It's
Dangerous to Believe It Is. (Huffington Post) * Is celery juice a viable
alternative to nitrites in cured meats? (McGill University) * Is Celery Juice
a Sham? (The New York Times) * Today's Diet Fads (Today's Dietitian…
51 min
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May 11, 2021
The Wellness to QAnon Pipeline
Special guest Mike Rothschild tells us how the road to wellness can be an on-
ramp to a conspiracy theory. Along the way we debunk oil pulling, explore
Instagram aesthetics and bemoan anti-vaxx argumentation tactics . Mike gets
the date of the January 6th insurrection wrong and he is sorry. Mike
Rothschild is on Twitter and you can pre-order his book here! Support us: *
Subscribe on Patreon * Donate on PayPal * Get Maintenance Phase shirts,
stickers and more Thanks to Ashley Smith for editing assistance and Doctor
Dreamchip for our lovely theme song! Support the show
45 min
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Apr 27, 2021
Diet Book Deep Dive: Ed McMahon’s “Slimming Down”
This week is our first Diet Book Deep Dive, where we dig into some of the
worst and wildest weight loss advice we can find. First up: Tonight Show
sidekick Ed McMahon's pun, alcohol and misogyny-fueled diet plan from the
1970s. Hope you like broiled steak and Sanka! Clips! * Ed McMahon & Britney
Spears on Star Search * Ed McMahon for American Family Sweepstakes Support us:
* Subscribe on Patreon * Donate on PayPal * Get Maintenance Phase shirts,
stickers and more Thanks to Lynn Barbera for editing assistance and Doctor
Dreamchip for our lovely theme song!Support the show
41 min
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Apr 13, 2021
Olestra
In 1996, Proctor & Gamble launched an artificial fat substitute that promised
all of the taste but none of the calories. There was just one problem. Support
us: * Subscribe on Patreon * Donate on PayPal * Get Maintenance Phase shirts,
stickers and more Links! * Marion Nestle’s The Selling of Olestra * Jeffrey
Steingarten's The Man Who Ate Everything * The 1996 Federal Register * The
Trouble With Fries * Reduction of the body burden of PCBs and DDE by dietary
intervention in a randomized trial * Review of the effects of dilution of
dietary energy with olestra on energy intake * Authors’ Financial
Relationships With the Food and Beverage Industry and Their Published
Positions on the Fat Substitute Olestra * Postmarketing Surveillance of New
Food Ingredients: Results from the Program with the Fat Replacer Olestra *
Effects of wheat bran and olestra on objective measures of stool and
subjective reports of GI symptoms * The effect of ingesting olestra-base…
1 hr 6 min
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Mar 30, 2021
Eating Disorders
Fat people have them too! This week, special guest Erin Harrop tells us about
one of America's most under-diagnosed and misunderstood problems. Along the
way we talk about elbow bumps, Twitter etiquette and '90s sweatpants. Our
content warnings are becoming increasingly threatening. Here's Erin's faculty
page and a bunch of her research! Support us: * Subscribe on Patreon * Donate
on PayPal * Get Maintenance Phase shirts, stickers and more Thanks to Mitra
Kaboli for production support and Doctor Dreamchip for our lovely theme
song!Support the show
56 min
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Mar 16, 2021
Weight Watchers
Get your flex point calculators and food scales! This week, Mike and Aubrey
are talking about one of America's most iconic diet programs: Weight Watchers.
Along the way, we encounter The Rock, the mating habits of straight people and
a new James Bond villain. Support us: * Subscribe on Patreon * Donate on
PayPal * Get Maintenance Phase shirts, stickers and more Links! * Jean
Nidetch, a Founder of Weight Watchers, Dies at 91 * Mass Firing on Zoom Is
Latest Sign of Weight Watchers Unrest * Weight Watcher's Kurbo app slammed for
targeting kids. Makers defend it * What's gone wrong at Weight Watchers? *
Weight Watchers Is Offering Teens Free Memberships and People Aren't Happy *
Americans’ new way of losing weight has left Weight Watchers behind * How the
Oprah effect helped Weight Watchers regain Americans' trust * Deal Master
Debbane * The Population Cost‐Effectiveness of Weight Watchers with General
Practitioner Referral Compared with Standard Care * W…
51 min
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Mar 2, 2021
The Master Cleanse
Are your moods too stable? Is your face free of cold sores? Get your lemon
juice, maple syrup and cayenne pepper ready, because this week we're talking
about celebrity favorite THE MASTER CLEANSE! Along the way we roast New
Atheism, praise Gwyneth Paltrow (!) and endorse garbanzo bean salads. Mike
wishes to clarify that he adores Kate Bush and quips with the utmost
affection. Support us: * Subscribe on Patreon * Donate on PayPal * Get
Maintenance Phase shirts, stickers and more Links!: * The Master Cleanser by
Stanley Burroughs * I Heard It Through the Diet Grapevine (New York Times) *
Improving Ourselves to Death (The New Yorker) * Cleansing's Dirty Secret
(Marie Claire) * Mr. Clean: Jeffrey Steingarten Puts the Master Cleanse to the
Test (Vogue) * The Dubious Practice of Detox (Harvard Health) Thanks to Ashley
Smith for editing assistance and Doctor Dreamchip for our lovely theme
song!Support the show
48 min
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Feb 16, 2021
Dr. Oz
This week we're dissecting "America's Doctor." How did a smart, hardworking
surgeon become one of TV's leading purveyors of junk science? Along the way we
debunk green coffee bean extract, raspberry ketones, conversion therapy (!)
and a salad dressing skincare regimen. Support us: * Subscribe on Patreon *
Donate on PayPal * Get Maintenance Phase shirts, stickers and more Links: *
Transcript of the infamous Congressional hearing * The Making of Dr. Oz *
Columbia and the Problem of Dr. Oz * The FTC lawsuit against green coffee bean
extract sellers * The Oz craze: The effect of pop culture media on health care
* The BMJ content analysis of the Dr. Oz show * Ageing, fitness and
neurocognitive function * Real-world doctors fact-check Dr. Oz, and the
results aren't pretty * Dr. Oz may be America's most influential — and
controversial — physician Thanks to Ashley Smith for editing assistance and
Doctor Dreamchip for our lovely theme song!Support the show
56 min
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Feb 2, 2021
Snake Oil
The world of dieting and wellness is full of so-called snake oil salesmen—but
what IS snake oil? This week, we take a wild ride through the history of
health scams and discover a startling twist about an everyday idiom. Along the
way, Aubrey delivers fun facts about sanitation from memory and Mike roasts
the state where most of his family lives. Support us: * Subscribe on Patreon *
Donate on PayPal * Get Maintenance Phase shirts, stickers and more Links: *
Snake Oil, Hustlers & Hambones by Mary Anderson * A History Of 'Snake Oil
Salesmen' : Code Switch (NPR) * How Snake Oil Got a Bad Rap (Hint: It Wasn’t
The Snakes’ Fault) (Collectors Weekly) Thanks to Ashley Smith for editing
assistance and Doctor Dreamchip for our lovely theme song!Support the show
49 min
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Jan 19, 2021
The Biggest Loser
This week we dissect the content and impact of one of America's most harmful
TV experiments. Support us: * Subscribe on Patreon * Donate on PayPal * Get
Maintenance Phase shirts, stickers and more Links! * Aubrey’s article on The
Biggest Loser * That's not reality for me': Australian audiences respond to
the Biggest Loser * "Cheapening the struggle:" obese people's attitudes
towards the Biggest Loser * The Effects of Reality Television on Weight Bias:
An Examination of The Biggest Loser * 'It's a miracle no one has died yet':
The Biggest Loser returns, despite critics' warnings * The Retrograde Shame of
The Biggest Loser * Analysis of all contestants * Neoliberalism And The
Realities Of Reality Television * The “Reality” of Health: Reality Television
and the Public Health * Life after NBC's "The Biggest Loser": The Experiences
and Perspectives of Former Reality TV Contestants Thanks to Ashley Smith for
editing assistance and Doctor Dreamchip for…
55 min
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Jan 5, 2021
Halo Top Ice Cream
WE’RE BACK! A new diet ice cream is taking your grocery store by storm. But
what even is it? This week, Mike and Aubrey talk biohacking, dieting for
straight dudes and the extremely ill-advised "Halo Top diet." Support us: *
Subscribe on Patreon * Donate on PayPal * Get Maintenance Phase shirts,
stickers and more Links! * What is biohacking? The new “science” of optimizing
your brain and body. (Vox) * Halo Top Is Now the Most Popular Pint of Ice
Cream in America (Food and Wine) * What It's Like to Eat Nothing but This
Magical, Healthy Ice Cream for 10 Days (GQ) * Is Halo Top Good For You? The
Truth About Low-Calorie, Low-Fat Ice Creams (HuffPost) * Seven in 10 young
people would eat whole tub of low-cal ice cream (The Grocer UK) Thanks to
Ashley Smith for editing assistance and Doctor Dreamchip for our lovely theme
song!Support the show
45 min
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Nov 24, 2020
Anti-Fat Bias
To celebrate the release of her new book, Aubrey takes Mike on a tour through
the statistics and debates surrounding weight bias. Anyone interested in body
positivity, airline seats, 'skinny shaming' or the sugar content of melons is
legally obligated to join us. Support us: * Subscribe on Patreon * Donate on
PayPal * Get Maintenance Phase shirts, stickers and more Get Aubrey's book in
the U.S.: * Powell's Books * Bookshop.org * Beacon Press * Buy from your local
bookstore on Indiebound Get Aubrey's book outside the U.S. Thanks to Doctor
Dreamchip for our lovely theme song!Support the show
55 min
playlist_add
Nov 17, 2020
The Twinkie Defense
The Twinkie Defense has become a shorthand for disingenuous legal defense
strategies. But was it disingenuous? (Yes, but not in the way you think!)
Thanks to Ashley Smith for editing assistance and Doctor Dreamchip for our
lovely theme song! Support us: * Subscribe on Patreon * Donate on PayPal * Get
Maintenance Phase shirts, stickers and more Links! * Mike's "Victim's Rights"
episode on his other show! * The Trial of Dan White: The Diminished Capacity
("Twinkie") Defense * Harvey Milk: His Lives and Death * The Myth of the
Twinkie Defense: The Verdict in the Dan White Case Wasn’t Based on His
Ingestion of Junk Food * Psychiatric Testimony and the Insanity Defense *
California’s Proposition 8 (1982)Support the show
49 min
playlist_add
Nov 10, 2020
Moon Juice
What's that Gwyneth Paltrow's drinking? It's MOON JUICE! This week, we're
talking adaptogens, brain dust, hot sex milk and the wellness company that's
taken L.A. by storm. Be sure to take your quinton shots before you listen to
this one. Thanks to Ashley Smith for editing assistance and Doctor Dreamchip
for our lovely theme song! Support us: * Subscribe on Patreon * Donate on
PayPal * Get Maintenance Phase shirts, stickers and more Links!: * How
Hollywood's Favorite Juice Bar Owner Eats Every Day (Elle) * How Amanda
Chantal Bacon Perfected the Celebrity Wellness Business (NYT) * What Are
Adaptogens? (NYT) * Wellness Brand Moon Juice Has Plenty of Haters - And Its
Founder is Cool With That (Entrepreneur) * The Moon Juice Gospel of Self (The
New Yorker) * How Wellness Got Whitewashed (Glamour)Support the show
58 min
playlist_add
Nov 3, 2020
Snackwell's Cookies
They hit the market in 1992. Three years later, they were the best-selling
cookie in America. This week, Mike and Aubrey dive into the low-fat craze of
the 1990s and sample the snack that became the symbol of its rise and fall.
Support us: * Subscribe on Patreon * Donate on PayPal * Get Maintenance Phase
shirts, stickers and more Links! * How the Ideology of Low Fat Conquered
America * “Eat More, They’re Healthy” * Anthology of “Cookie Man” ads * “What
if It’s All Been A Big Fat Lie?” * “Ending the War on Fat” Support the show
57 min
playlist_add
Oct 27, 2020
Fen Phen & Redux
Fen-Phen & Redux were "the next miracle drugs" in the '90s, claiming to help
people lose dramatic amounts of weight in just three months. But within a few
short years, they'd been pulled from the market. They were just too effective!
(Just kidding, they killed some people.) Support us: * Subscribe on Patreon *
Donate on PayPal * Get Maintenance Phase shirts, stickers and more Links! *
Dispensing with the Truth by Alicia Mundy * The New Miracle Drug (Time
Magazine) * How Fen-Phen, A Diet 'Miracle,' Rose and Fell (the New York Times)
* Blowing the Whistle on Fen-Phen (Journal of Business Communication) * Purdue
OxyContin settlement would rank among largest in pharma history (Reuters) *
National Trends in Antiobesity Medication Use (JAMA Network) * The Fen-Phen
Finale: A Study of Weight Loss and Valvular Heart Disease (Obesity Research)
Thanks to Doctor Dreamchip for our lovely theme song!Support the show
51 min
playlist_add
Oct 20, 2020
The President's Physical Fitness Test
The shuttle run! The flexed arm hang! The v-sit reach! These terms are seared
into the memories of an entire generation of American schoolchildren. But did
the President's Physical Fitness Test actually make us fitter? (Spoiler: lol
no) Thanks to Ashley Smith for editing assistance and Doctor Dreamchip for our
lovely theme song! Support us: * Subscribe on Patreon * Donate on PayPal * Get
Maintenance Phase shirts, stickers and more Links! * The Report That Shocked
The President * JFK’s Sports Illustrated article, “The Soft American” *
1958–2008: 50 Years of Youth Fitness Tests in the United States * The
President's Council on Physical Fitness and the Systematisation of Children's
Play in America * Why is there so little critical physical education
scholarship in the United States? The case of Fitnessgram * The Modern Era:
Blossoming of the Olympic Movement and the Conquest of Acute Disease * The
President's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports: The F…
58 min
playlist_add
Oct 11, 2020
What's Our Deal?
Welcome to Maintenance Phase! In our first episode, we tell our origin stories
and talk about some of the basic ideas behind the show. Here's where to find
us: Aubrey: https://www.yourfatfriend.com/ Mike: https://rottenindenmark.org/
Thanks to Ashley Smith for editing assistance and Doctor Dreamchip for our
lovely theme song! Support us: * Subscribe on Patreon * Donate on PayPal * Get
Maintenance Phase shirts, stickers and moreSupport the show
57 min
playlist_add
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### It’s easy to download Primer. Email yourself the link or google-play
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spiderum_text/3161 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
Cái giá phải trả cho một chiếc máy của tương lai, anh em cố nhé, ad cày tiếp
đây :D #Tinhte #fold #samsunggalaxy https://tinhte.vn/threads/thong-ke-anh-em-
viet-phai-lao-dong-9-thang-moi-du-tien-mua-galaxy-fold-11-thang-cho-
mate-x.2949300/…
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# Imprint
## Statista
## Privacy Statement
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DATA PROTECTION AND PRIVACY POLICY This policy is intended for all visitors to
our website, our employees, applicants, customers and partners and is always
important if we receive data about you. Therefore, it doesn’t matter whether
you have become a customer or even if a contractual arrangement exists between
us. In each case, this policy should make it to transparent for you how we
deal with data. In the following, we explain which information is collected
during your visit to our website, how we use this information and for what
purpose and who we share it with. In addition, we explain your rights in
relation to the processing of your personal data, such as right to
information, rectification, objection and erasure. We will only use your
personal data (hereinafter: ‘Data’) in accordance with the applicable data
protection law. If we use your Data for purposes other than those stated in
this privacy policy, we will inform you about these purposes and where
necessary obtain your permission for this. 1\. Data Controller Within the
legal meaning of Data, the Data Controller is the company named in our
‘Imprint’ on our website. You can also contact our management representatives
mentioned there or contact our Data Protection Officer. A Data Protection
Officer is not bound to the instructions given by management. You can contact
them by email at [email protected] or by post at the address stated in
the ‘Imprint’ with the note ‘for the attention of the Data Protection
Officer’. 2\. Process and purpose of storage When you visit our website, your
computer transmits your IP address to us, and depending on the nature of your
visit to our website and your computer’s settings, we save small text files on
your hard drive (‘Cookies’) as part of this process. We create these files so
that our website functions better for you. It is a form of short-term memory
of your browser. You can switch off this short-term memory by making the
appropriate adjustments within your browser. We also place text files on our
system, which could contain the following information about you: type of
browser and browser version, operating system used, the URL of the website
which you came from, the name of your computer and the time of your visit
(‘Log files’). The Log files are not assignable to a specific person by us. We
do not combine this Data with Cookies or IP addresses. We do, however, reserve
the right to subsequently assess this Data in individual cases if there are
specific reasons that indicate unlawful use. The Log files help us to
understand on which kind of computers our web pages must function and when a
particularly large (or small) number of people are using our web pages. In
this way, website structure, servers and database systems can be adjusted
accordingly. When you create a user account with us or enter into a contract
with us as a customer (e.g. by ordering goods, having a newsletter sent to
you, etc.), we create a customer account for you in our system. This account
contains the master data that you have provided to us, your order and, where
applicable, your billing data (‘Customer data’). We store and process this
Data because otherwise we cannot fulfil our contract with you. If you enter
into a contract with us as a customer, we also use your Customer data in order
to inform you about current campaigns and attractions that we are promoting,
provided that you have not objected to the use of your Data in this way. If
you send us an application, we will use all of the information provided
therein in order to process your application. If you receive a rejection, your
Data will be deleted six months after the rejection unless you authorise us in
advance to contact you again in the future. If you are our employee, we will
store your application documents, master data, billing data and your insurance
data for the execution of the contract of employment, insofar as this is
necessary for simpler administration and execution of the contract. This is
managed with the help of the partner companies listed below. 3\. Basis for the
storage In most cases, the most important basis for the storage is your
agreement with us, irrespective of whether you register for a newsletter on
our website or if you have negotiated a contract with Statista for your
employer. The following bases are possible: • Your consent in accordance with
Article 6 (1) (1) (a), Article 7 General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
(e.g. for product information or advice by means of our newsletter) •
Fulfilment of the contract, which you or your employer are parties to, or to
fulfil pre-contractual obligations to you in accordance with Article 6 (1) (1)
(b) GDPR • Legitimate interests of Statista in accordance with Article 6 (1)
(1) (f) GDPR (e.g. for the preparation, maintenance, protection and
improvement of our services, for the development of new services and for our
own protection and for the protection of our users, to further improve the
security of our IT systems or to communicate with you) In addition, legal
obligations in accordance with Article 6 (1) (1) (c) GDPR can be a basis, for
example, to fulfil and comply with applicable laws, provisions or legal
procedures or an enforceable official directive. 4\. Location of the storage
and disclosure of Data to third parties We don’t process your Data entirely by
ourselves. In processing your Data, we also use programmes and services from
other companies (‘Tools’). We will occasionally change the Tools we use if
this seems reasonable to us on the basis of legal, technical or economic
considerations. To ensure global access by our customers to our offering (if,
for example, you want to access Statista while on a business trip abroad or if
your company has multiple branches), we store Customer data globally. The
storage locations are: • Germany • United States of America • Singapore We
currently use the following Tools for the administration and preparation of
Data (in particular Customer data, IP address, Cookies and Log files): •
Google Analytics (measurement of traffic on the website) • Amazon Web Services
(website operation, server space) • Datev (administration of master data,
accounting) • Personio (personnel management) • Hrworks (travel expense
accounting) • Microsoft Exchange Server (contact data, emails) • Mailchimp
(contact data, emails to large groups) • Contact Monkey (email tracking) •
Pendo (use analysis and user communication) • Userlike (provision of service
chat windows on the website) • Salesviewer (lead generation and analysis) •
Stripe (processing of payments) • Nfon (internal and external calls) •
Limesurvey (expert surveys) • Keyingress (opinion research and market
research) • Zapier (Automation Tool) If you prohibit the use of these Tools,
we may not be able to fulfil existing contracts between us or may need to
switch to solutions that are less convenient for you. Statista uses web
services by Google (e.g., Google Analytics) in such a way that the data is
anonymized before being transmitted to Google. Contracts are entered into,
whenever possible, with Google's Europe-based branches. Additional information
about data processing using Google Analytics can be found at the following
link: www.google.com/policies/privacy/partners/ 5\. Procedure and deletion
periods We use the standard procedure to secure the Data, and thus create
rights and roles in applications, ensure backups and upgrades are carried out
in our systems if this is advisable in accordance with the state of
technology. We store your Data until the completion of the task for which you
provided the Data to us or until the expiry of the legal retention periods.
These are derived mainly from section 257 HGB (German Commercial Code), where
the storage of business documents is regulated. In the case of applications
and employment contracts, we may also have a legitimate interest in the
continued retention of such Data as a result of questions with respect to the
execution of the application process or in relation to the issue of billing.
6\. Information You have the legal right to obtain information about the Data
we have stored about you at any time. If, despite our efforts to ensure data
is correct and up to date, incorrection information is stored about you, we
will rectify such data as quickly as possible upon your request. If processing
of the Data is based on your consent, you can withdraw your consent to this
processing of your Data at any time in the future. 7\. Supervisory authority
If you feel that we are not fulfilling our information obligations towards
you, you have the right to lodge a complaint with a supervisory authority
(e.g. the Data Protection Officer of the Federal States in Germany) at any
time. 8\. Voluntarily provided Data In order to conclude and execute contracts
between you and us, the processing of your Data to the extent described above
is necessary. Withdrawal of your consent to data processing thus only affects
such Data that we do not require in order to execute the contract, rather
information that you have also voluntarily provided to us. If we intend to
continue to process such Data for a purpose other than the purpose for which
you have provided us with the Data, we will provide you with specific
information about this other purpose and the reason behind our intentions
prior to processing this Data. 9\. Technical and Organizational Measures You
can find our "technical and organizational measures" (as used in section 32,
paragraph 1, sentence 1 lit. of the general data protection regulation
(GDPR)), describing how we comply with the provisions of data protection laws
in the link below. End of the Privacy Policy
Link to "Technical and Organizational Measures"
Click here for a free PDF reader.
## Terms and Conditions
* Basic-Account
* Starter Account
* Professional Account
Save PDF Aug 3, 2020
General Terms and Conditions
These Terms and Conditions shall govern the use of the Statista Online
Services, as defined below.
Data Protection Officer: Christian Wolf, [email protected]
Phone: +49 40 413 49 89 0 E-mail:[email protected]
Statista Customer Support is available Monday to Friday, 9:30 - 17:00 (GMT).
You may also reach us by e-mail at [email protected]
The terms and conditions listed below govern use of the online services (the
“Online Services”) and materials available therein (“Materials”) provided by
Statista By continuing to access, link to, or use the Online Services, you
signify your acceptance of the General Terms and Conditions. The terms “you”
and “your” in uppercase or lowercase shall mean the entity (e.g. individual,
company, corporation, partnership, sole proprietor, etc.) or government agency
entering into a Subscription Agreement with Statista.
1\. Grant of rights; Restrictions on use
1.1 Authorised Users (defined below in Section 2.1) are granted a
nonexclusive, non-transferable, limited right to access and use for research
purposes the Online Services and Materials made available to you. The rights
granted exclusively to Authorised Users are as follows:
(a) The right to use Materials for research purposes, and the right to copy
Materials into user‘s analyses, presentations, documents, and other similar
forms of work or research material; that includes Printing, and archiving of
statistics for internal purposes and a fair use of downloaded statistics;
(b) The right to publish and distribute Materials, unless otherwise prohibited
by existing applicable intellectual property laws and copyright laws;
(c) For the avoidance of doubt, downloading and storing Materials in an
archival database is prohibited. The Online Services and the Materials are
protected by copyright, intellectual property laws, and other laws that
prevent unauthorised access and use. If you are not an Authorised User, you
are not permitted to access or use the Online Services requiring a paid
subscription for any purpose whatsoever. If you nevertheless access and use
the Online Services or Materials requiring a paid subscription without
authorization, your access and use will be governed by these General Terms and
Conditions and you will be liable to Statista for any breach of the General
Terms and Conditions as well as for unauthorised access and payment for use at
the rates in the applicable Price Schedule;
(d) The right to Email, fax, download or make printouts using the commands of
the Online Services and the right to create a single printout of Materials
accessed or downloaded by any other lawful means (collectively, “Authorised
Printouts”);
1.2 Members (defined below in Section 2.1) and unregistered visitors to
Statista websites and subpages are granted a nonexclusive, non-transferable,
limited right to access and use for research purposes the Online Services and
Materials made available to you. Commercial use for Members is strictly
prohibited. The rights granted to Members are as follows:
(a) The right to use Materials for research purposes, and the right to
implement Materials into analyses, presentations, documents, and other similar
forms of work or research material;
(b) The right to display a de minimis amount of the Materials on an
incidental, infrequent basis for non-commercial purposes, including the
display of materials on blogs, social media platforms, and other strictly non-
commercial websites, under the condition that published Materials are linked
directly to Statista‘s publicly accessible web pages using the provided HTML
code in an unaltered, unmodified, and functional state. You may not use or
link to Statista.com any site containing inappropriate, defamatory,
infringing, obscene, or unlawful topics, names, material, or information that
violates any applicable intellectual property, proprietary, privacy, or
publicity rights;
(c) All other forms of commercial use, distribution, or publication are
strictly prohibited. To the extent permitted by applicable copyright law and
unless limited or prohibited by separate written agreements signed by both
parties, Authorised Users may make copies of Authorised Printouts and
distribute Authorised Printouts and copies provided that you retain all
copyright and other proprietary notices.
1.3 You may not exploit the goodwill of Statista, including its trademarks,
service marks, or logos without the express prior written consent of Statista.
Additionally, under no circumstances may you or any Authorised User offer,
sell, retransmit any part of the Online Services or Materials to any other
person for commercial resale or commercial redistribution in any medium or use
the Online Services or the Materials to compete with the business of Statista.
You may not modify, reverse engineer, reverse assemble or reverse compile any
part of the Online Services or Materials. You may not use the Online Services
in any way to improve the quality of any data sold or contributed by you to
any third party.
1.4 All right, title, and interest (including all copyrights, trademarks and
other intellectual property rights) in the Online Services and Materials in
any medium belong to Statista or its third party suppliers of Materials.
Neither Members nor Authorised Users acquire any proprietary interest in the
Online Services, Materials, or copies thereof, except the limited rights
granted herein.
1.5 Neither Members nor Authorised Users may use the Online Services or
Materials in any fashion that infringes the intellectual property rights or
proprietary interests of Statista or any third party. Your use of the Online
Services and Materials must comply with all applicable laws, rules or
regulations. You may not use the Online Services for any illegal purpose or in
any manner inconsistent with the General Terms and Conditions or any
applicable laws.
1.6 Neither Members nor Authorised Users may remove, alter, edit or obscure
the copyright notice or other notices contained in Materials or on
www.statista.com.
1.7 Neither Members nor Authorised Users may use information included in the
Online Services or Materials to determine an individual consumer‘s eligibility
for (a) credit or insurance for personal, family, or household purposes; (b)
employment; or (c) a government license or benefit.
1.8 Other provisions that govern use of the Materials are set forth in the
applicable Price Schedule, online descriptions of files, online notices
following source selection, and individual documents retrieved from the Online
Services (collectively, the “Additional Terms”), all of which are incorporated
by reference into this Subscription Agreement.
2\. Access to services
2.1 The term “Authorised User” refers to an Eligible Person with a
paid/purchased account. Only your Authorised employees, temporary employees,
students, partners/members, and contractors dedicated to performing work
exclusively for you (to the extent those categories of persons are appropriate
to your situation) are eligible to access and use the Online Services and
Materials (“Eligible Persons”). Without limitation, the Authorised User‘s
external professional service providers such as solicitor, accountants,
outsourcers, public relations firms, and any other professional advisors are
specifically excluded from being Eligible Persons. You agree that Statista
login information, including username and password, may only be used by the
Authorised User to whom Statista assigns it and that Statista login
information may not be shared with or used by any other person, including
other Authorised Users. You will be responsible for controlling and managing
your roster of Authorised Users and will promptly notify Statista to
deactivate an Authorised User‘s Statista login information if the Authorised
User is no longer an Eligible Person or you otherwise wish to deactivate or
terminate the Authorised User‘s access to the Online Services.
You are responsible for all use of the Online Services accessed with Statista
login information issued to your Authorised Users, including associated
charges, whether by Authorised Users or others. You will use reasonable
commercial efforts to prevent unauthorised use of Statista login information
assigned to your Authorised Users and will promptly notify Statista, in
writing, if you suspect that Statista login information is lost, stolen,
compromised, or misused. The term “Member” refers to users with free
subscriptions or accounts (Basic Account) as well as unregistered visitors to
the website who lack login credentials. All provisions prohibiting or
restricting the use of Materials for Authorised Users also apply, unless
stated otherwise herein.
2.2 Use of the Online Services via mechanical, robotic, scripted or any other
automated means is strictly prohibited. In the absence of any prior written
agreement by Statista, use of the Online Services is permitted only via
manually conducted, discrete, individual search and retrieval activities.
2.3 Statista may amend enhance, add to, withdraw, or otherwise change Online
Services, Materials, and feature functionality within the Online Services
without notice at any time in any way to Authorised Users. Such modifications
shall be effective immediately. Please review the General Terms and Conditions
whenever accessing, linking to, or using this site. Your access, link to, or
use of the Online Services after the posting of modifications to the General
Terms and Conditions will constitute your acceptance of the General Terms and
Conditions as modified.
2.4 Authorised Users and Members are required to provide truthful and accurate
information during registration, including, but not limited to, correct
shipping and payment information, correct contact information (e-mail,
telephone, etc.), confirmation of payment arrangements, confirmation of status
(e.g. student status), confirmation of the Authorised User or Member‘s
acceptance of our Cancellation Policies, and confirmation of agreement to
these Terms and Conditions.
2.5 Authorised Users are required to notify Statista of any relevant changes
made to the information contained in section 2.4.
3\. Limited warranty
3.1 Statista represents and warrants that it has the right and authority to
make the Online Services and Materials available to Members and Authorised
Users as Authorised expressly by this Subscription Agreement.
3.2 YOU AGREE THAT YOUR USE OF THE ONLINE SERVICES IS AT YOUR SOLE RISK AND
YOU ACKNOWLEDGE THAT, EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SECTION 3.1, THE ONLINE
SERVICES AND MATERIALS ARE PROVIDED “AS IS”, AND “AS AVAILABLE” AND THAT
STATISTA AND EACH THIRD PARTY SUPPLIER OF MATERIALS MAKE NO WARRANTY OF ANY
KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AS TO THE ONLINE SERVICES AND MATERIALS, INCLUDING
BUT NOT LIMITED TO, MERCHANTIBILITY, NON-INFRINGEMENT, TITLE, OR FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE.
4\. Limitation of liability
4.1 A Covered Party (as defined below) shall not be liable for any loss,
injury, claim, liability, or damage of any kind resulting in any way from
(a) any errors in or omissions from the Online Services or any Materials
available or not included therein, (b) the unavailability or interruption of
the Online Service or any features thereof or any Materials, (c) An Authorised
User or Member‘s use of the Online Services or Materials, (d) the loss or
corruption of any data or equipment in connection with the Online Services,
(e) the content, accuracy, or completeness of Materials, all regardless of
whether you received assistance in the use of the Online Service from a
Covered Party, (f) any delay or failure in performance beyond the reasonable
control of a Covered Party, or (g) any content retrieved from the Internet
even if retrieved or linked to from within the Online Services.
4.2 “Covered Party” means
(a) Statista and any officer, director, employee, subcontractor, agent,
successor, or assignee of Statista; and (b) each third party supplier of
Materials, third party alliance entities, their affiliates, and any officer,
director, employee, subcontractor, agent, successor, or assignee of any third
party supplier of Materials or third party alliance entity or any of their
affiliates.
4.3 TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMISSIBLE BY APPLICABLE LAW, AND UNDER NO
CIRCUMSTANCES WILL THE TOTAL AGGREGATE LIABILITY OF THE COVERED PARTIES IN
CONNECTION WITH ANY CLAIM ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THE USE OF OR
INABILITY TO USE THE ONLINE SERVICES OR MATERIALS OR THIS SUBSCRIPTION
AGREEMENT EXCEED THE LESSER OF YOUR ACTUAL DIRECT DAMAGES OR THE AMOUNT PAID
BY YOU, IF ANY, FOR ACCESSING THE ONLINE SERVICES (EXCLUDING ANY APPLICABLE
TAXES OR DUTIES) OR ANY LINKS OR ITEMS ON THE ONLINE SERVICES OR ANY PROVION
OF THE GENERAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS. YOUR RIGHT TO MONETARY DAMAGES IN THAT
AMOUNT SHALL BE IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER REMEDIES WHICH YOU MAY HAVE AGAINST ANY
COVERED PARTY.
4.4 UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO NEGLIGENCE, SHALL THE
COVERED PARTIES BE HELD LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
EXEMPLARY; PUNITIVE, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OF ANY KIND WHATSOEVER
(INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, solicitorS‘ FEES) IN ANY WAY DUE TO, RESULTING
FROM, OR ARISING IN CONNECTION WITH THE ONLINE SERVICES, MATERIALS, OR THE
FAILURE OF ANY COVERED PARTY TO PERFORM ITS OBLIGATIONS. THE FOREGOING
LIMITATION OF LIABILITY SHALL NOT APPLY TO A PARTY‘S INDEMNITY OBLIGATIONS OR
INFRINGEMENT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OR MISAPPROPRIATION OF PROPRIETARY DATA
BELONGING TO STATISTA OR ITS THIRD PARTY SUPPLIERS.
4.5 Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 4:
(a) If there is a breach of the warranty in Section 3.1 above, then Statista
at its option and expense, shall either defend or settle any action and hold
you harmless against proceedings or damages of any kind or description based
on a third party‘s claim of patent, trademark, service mark, copyright or
trade secret infringement related to use of the Online Services or Materials,
asserted against you by such third party provided: (i) all use of the Online
Services and Materials was in accordance with this Subscription Agreement;
(ii) the claim, cause of action or infringement was not caused by you
modifying, combining, or in any way altering, amending, or inserting the
Online Services or Materials with or into other products or applications not
approved by Statista and not Authorised by this agreement; (iii) you give
Statista prompt notice of any such claim; and (iv) you give Statista the sole
right to control and direct the investigation, defense and settlement of each
such claim. You, at Statista‘s expense, shall fully cooperate with Statista in
asserting any available defense.
(b) In addition to Section 4.5(a), if the Online Services or the operation
thereof become, or in the opinion of Statista are likely to become, the
subject of a claim of infringement, Statista may, at its option and expense,
either: (i) procure for you the right to continue using the Online Services,
(ii) replace or modify the Online Services so that they become non-infringing,
or (iii) terminate this Subscription Agreement on notice to you and grant you
a pro-rata refund or credit (whichever is applicable) for any pre-paid fees or
fixed charges.
(c) The provisions of Sections 4.5(a) and (b) shall constitute your sole and
exclusive remedy for the respective matters specified therein.
4.6 Statista shall not be held liable for a temporary or permanent loss of
service resulting from a change in the Member or Authorised User‘s e-mail
address or contact information (stated in section 2.4), intentionally or
unintentionally, which has not been communicated to Statista in accordance
with terms of this Subscription Agreement.
4.7 You agree, at your own expense, to indemnify, defend and hold harmless
Statista, its suppliers, agents, directors, officers, employees,
representatives, successors, and assignees from and against any and all
claims, damages, liabilities, costs, and expenses, including reasonable
solicitors‘ and experts‘ fees, arising out of or in connection with the Online
Services, or any links on the Online Services, including, but not limited to:
(i) your use or someone using your computer‘s use of the Online Services; (ii)
use by someone using your account; (iii) a violation of the General Terms and
Conditions by you or anyone using your computer (or account, where
applicable); (iv) a claim that any use of the Online Services by you or
someone using your computer (or account, where applicable) infringes any
intellectual property right of any third party, or any right of privacy or
publicity, is libelous or defamatory, or otherwise results in injury or damage
to any third party; (v) any deletions, additions, insertions or alterations
to, or any unauthorised use of, the Online Services by you or someone using
your computer (or account, where applicable); (vi) any misrepresentation or
breach of representation or warranty made by you contained herein; or (vii)
any breach of any covenant or agreement to be performed by you hereunder.
5\. Cancellation policy
5.1 Unless services are cancelled as set out in Section 5.1 or by notice six
(6) weeks prior to the end of a subscription, your subscription will be
extended automatically. The agreed license fee will increase every year by
five percent. Cancellations must be submitted in a signed writing in letter,
fax, or e-mail form and sent to Statista, For the attention of [Sales
Department]. No additional written statements to justify cancellation are
necessary.
5.2 Any additional information on, or exceptions to, this Cancellation Policy
will be stated in the product flyers located on the Statista website.
6\. Miscellaneous
6.1 These General Terms and Conditions may be amended or replaced by Statista
from time to time as described herein or by written agreement at the
discretion of Statista. Charges and payment terms may be changed in accordance
with the terms of your Price Schedule; all other provisions set out in the
General Terms and Conditions may be amended in Statista‘s sole discretion and
effective immediately upon notice to you, if applicable, or if any changes are
made to this Subscription Agreement, such changes will:
(a) only be applied prospectively; and (b) not be specifically directed
against Members, you or your Authorised Users but will apply to all similarly
situated Statista customers using the Online Services. This Subscription
Agreement may not be supplemented, modified or otherwise revised by any
Authorised Users or Members in the absence of a signed writing duly executed
by Authorised representatives of both parties. Furthermore, this Subscription
Agreement may not be supplemented, modified or otherwise revised by Authorised
Users or Members by Email exchange even if the Email contains a printed name
or signature line bearing signature-like font. Any terms and conditions
proposed by you which are in addition to or which conflict with the General
Terms and Conditions are expressly rejected by Statista GmbH and shall have no
force or effect. The foregoing does not prohibit the execution of electronic
contracts bearing electronic signatures of Authorised representatives of both
parties, provided such signatures include digital certifications or are
otherwise authenticated.
6.2 Upon the breach of this Subscription Agreement by an Authorised User or
Member, Statista may temporarily suspend or discontinue providing access to
the Online Services to the breaching party without notice, in addition to
pursuing any other legal remedies available to Statista.
6.3 All notices and other communications hereunder shall be in writing or
displayed electronically in the Online Services by Statista. Notices shall be
deemed to have been properly given on the date deposited in the mail, if
mailed; on the date first made available, if displayed in the Online Services;
or on the date received, if delivered in any other manner.
6.4 The failure of an Authorised User, Member, Statista, or any third party
supplier of Materials to exercise or enforce any provision hereof shall not
constitute or be construed as a waiver of any such right or provision of the
right to enforce it at a later time.
6.5 Statista‘s ability to provide Materials is regulated by a variety of
privacy, data protection, and other laws in a variety of jurisdictions (“Data
Laws”) and by the licenses under which it obtains Materials (“Licenses”). You
acknowledge that Statista will perform a due diligence review of your account
upon registration and that the due diligence review will be heightened if you
desire to access sensitive, nonpublic Materials about individuals. You also
acknowledge that Statista will perform periodic reviews of you and your
Authorised Users‘ use of Materials subject to Data Laws or Licenses
(“Regulated Data”) in order to comply with Data Laws and license restrictions,
and that the review may include asking you or your Authorised Users to verify
that use of Regulated Data was for a permissible purpose. You and your
Authorised Users will cooperate fully with Statista in any such due diligence
or regulatory review and will promptly produce all relevant records and
documentation reasonably requested by Statista. All reviews will be at
Statista‘s expense. If there is any failure to cooperate fully with Statista,
or if any review reveals the lack of a permissible purpose to access Regulated
Data, Statista may deny access to the Online Services or to Regulated Data.
Statista will be under no obligation to reduce the fees payable by you to the
extent that it is unable to provide Regulated Data to you based solely on your
non-cooperation.
6.6 If you, any of your Authorised Users, Members, or any person you or your
Authorised Users permit to use the Online Services or who gains access through
an Authorised User‘s or Member‘s failure to properly secure his or her
Statista login credentials or computer (a “User”) should access or use
Regulated Data in an unauthorised manner (a “Security Event”), then the
following provisions will apply:
(a) if required by applicable law, you will notify the individuals whose
information has potentially been accessed or used that a Security Event has
occurred; (b) you will notify any other parties (including but not limited to
regulatory entities and credit reporting agencies) as may be required by law;
(c) the notification will not reference Statista or the product through which
the Regulated Data was provided, nor will Statista be otherwise identified or
referenced in connection with the Security Event, without the express prior
written consent of Statista; (d) you will be solely liable for all claims that
may arise from a Security Event caused by you, Members, your Authorised Users
or a User and you will indemnify Statista in full for any third party claims
directed against Statista that arise from the Security Event; and (e) all
notifications and indemnity claims related to the Security Event will be
solely at your expense.
6.7 This Subscription Agreement will be enforced to the fullest extent
permitted by applicable law. If any provision of this Subscription Agreement
is held to be invalid or unenforceable to any extent, then (a) such provision
will be interpreted, construed and reformed to the extent reasonably required
to render it valid, enforceable and consistent with its original intent and
(b) such invalidity or unenforceability will not affect any other provision of
this Subscription Agreement.
6.8 Where applicable, each affiliated company of Statista and each third party
supplier of Materials has the right to assert and enforce the provisions of
this Subscription Agreement directly on its own behalf as a third party
beneficiary.
6.9 This Subscription Agreement constitutes the entire agreement of the
parties with respect to its subject matter and replaces and supersedes any
prior written or verbal communications, representations, proposals or
quotations on that subject matter.
CONTACT
Hamburg
Statista GmbH Johannes-Brahms-Platz 1 20355 Hamburg Germany Tel.: +49 40 284
841-0
Contact Person: Jens Weitemeyer
New York
Statista Inc. 3 World Trade Center 175 Greenwich Street, 36th Floor New York,
NY 10007 U.S.A. Tel.: +1 212 419-5770
Contact Person: Esther Shaulova
London
Statista Ltd. 5th Floor 209-215 Blackfriars Road London SE1 8NL United Kingdom
Tel.: +44 208 189 7000
Contact Person: Lodovica Biagi
Singapore
Statista Pte Ltd 138 Market Street 24F CapitaGreen Singapore 048945 Republic
of Singapore Tel.: +65 6995 6959
Contact Person: Kit Foong
Paris
Statista S.A.R.L. 20 rue Cambon 75001 Paris France Tel.: +33 1 84 88 96 71
Contact Person: Temitope Ifekoya
Japan
Statista Japan Ltd. A-3, 6-28-5 Jingumae, Shibuya Tokyo 1510001 Japan Tel.:
+81 3 6427 6800
Contact Person: Kisara Mizuno
Save PDF Aug 3, 2020
General Terms and Conditions
These Terms and Conditions shall govern the use of the Statista Online
Services, as defined below.
Data Protection Officer: Christian Wolf, [email protected]
Phone: +49 40 413 49 89 0 E-mail:[email protected]
Statista Customer Support is available Monday to Friday, 9:30 - 17:00 (GMT).
You may also reach us by e-mail at [email protected]
The terms and conditions listed below govern use of the online services (the
“Online Services”) and materials available therein (“Materials”) provided by
Statista By continuing to access, link to, or use the Online Services, you
signify your acceptance of the General Terms and Conditions. The terms “you”
and “your” in uppercase or lowercase shall mean the entity (e.g. individual,
company, corporation, partnership, sole proprietor, etc.) or government agency
entering into a Subscription Agreement with Statista.
1\. Grant of rights; Restrictions on use
1.1 Authorised Users (defined below in Section 2.1) are granted a
nonexclusive, non-transferable, limited right to access and use for research
purposes the Online Services and Materials made available to you. The rights
granted exclusively to Authorised Users are as follows:
(a) The right to use Materials for research purposes, and the right to copy
Materials into user‘s analyses, presentations, documents, and other similar
forms of work or research material; that includes Printing, and archiving of
statistics for internal purposes and a fair use of downloaded statistics;
(b) The right to publish and distribute Materials, unless otherwise prohibited
by existing applicable intellectual property laws and copyright laws;
(c) For the avoidance of doubt, downloading and storing Materials in an
archival database is prohibited. The Online Services and the Materials are
protected by copyright, intellectual property laws, and other laws that
prevent unauthorised access and use. If you are not an Authorised User, you
are not permitted to access or use the Online Services requiring a paid
subscription for any purpose whatsoever. If you nevertheless access and use
the Online Services or Materials requiring a paid subscription without
authorization, your access and use will be governed by these General Terms and
Conditions and you will be liable to Statista for any breach of the General
Terms and Conditions as well as for unauthorised access and payment for use at
the rates in the applicable Price Schedule;
(d) The right to Email, fax, download or make printouts using the commands of
the Online Services and the right to create a single printout of Materials
accessed or downloaded by any other lawful means (collectively, “Authorised
Printouts”);
1.2 Members (defined below in Section 2.1) and unregistered visitors to
Statista websites and subpages are granted a nonexclusive, non-transferable,
limited right to access and use for research purposes the Online Services and
Materials made available to you. Commercial use for Members is strictly
prohibited. The rights granted to Members are as follows:
(a) The right to use Materials for research purposes, and the right to
implement Materials into analyses, presentations, documents, and other similar
forms of work or research material;
(b) The right to display a de minimis amount of the Materials on an
incidental, infrequent basis for non-commercial purposes, including the
display of materials on blogs, social media platforms, and other strictly non-
commercial websites, under the condition that published Materials are linked
directly to Statista‘s publicly accessible web pages using the provided HTML
code in an unaltered, unmodified, and functional state. You may not use or
link to Statista.com any site containing inappropriate, defamatory,
infringing, obscene, or unlawful topics, names, material, or information that
violates any applicable intellectual property, proprietary, privacy, or
publicity rights;
(c) All other forms of commercial use, distribution, or publication are
strictly prohibited. To the extent permitted by applicable copyright law and
unless limited or prohibited by separate written agreements signed by both
parties, Authorised Users may make copies of Authorised Printouts and
distribute Authorised Printouts and copies provided that you retain all
copyright and other proprietary notices.
1.3 You may not exploit the goodwill of Statista, including its trademarks,
service marks, or logos without the express prior written consent of Statista.
Additionally, under no circumstances may you or any Authorised User offer,
sell, retransmit any part of the Online Services or Materials to any other
person for commercial resale or commercial redistribution in any medium or use
the Online Services or the Materials to compete with the business of Statista.
You may not modify, reverse engineer, reverse assemble or reverse compile any
part of the Online Services or Materials. You may not use the Online Services
in any way to improve the quality of any data sold or contributed by you to
any third party.
1.4 All right, title, and interest (including all copyrights, trademarks and
other intellectual property rights) in the Online Services and Materials in
any medium belong to Statista or its third party suppliers of Materials.
Neither Members nor Authorised Users acquire any proprietary interest in the
Online Services, Materials, or copies thereof, except the limited rights
granted herein.
1.5 Neither Members nor Authorised Users may use the Online Services or
Materials in any fashion that infringes the intellectual property rights or
proprietary interests of Statista or any third party. Your use of the Online
Services and Materials must comply with all applicable laws, rules or
regulations. You may not use the Online Services for any illegal purpose or in
any manner inconsistent with the General Terms and Conditions or any
applicable laws.
1.6 Neither Members nor Authorised Users may remove, alter, edit or obscure
the copyright notice or other notices contained in Materials or on
www.statista.com.
1.7 Neither Members nor Authorised Users may use information included in the
Online Services or Materials to determine an individual consumer‘s eligibility
for (a) credit or insurance for personal, family, or household purposes; (b)
employment; or (c) a government license or benefit.
1.8 Other provisions that govern use of the Materials are set forth in the
applicable Price Schedule, online descriptions of files, online notices
following source selection, and individual documents retrieved from the Online
Services (collectively, the “Additional Terms”), all of which are incorporated
by reference into this Subscription Agreement.
2\. Access to services
2.1 The term “Authorised User” refers to an Eligible Person with a
paid/purchased account. Only your Authorised employees, temporary employees,
students, partners/members, and contractors dedicated to performing work
exclusively for you (to the extent those categories of persons are appropriate
to your situation) are eligible to access and use the Online Services and
Materials (“Eligible Persons”). Without limitation, the Authorised User‘s
external professional service providers such as solicitor, accountants,
outsourcers, public relations firms, and any other professional advisors are
specifically excluded from being Eligible Persons. You agree that Statista
login information, including username and password, may only be used by the
Authorised User to whom Statista assigns it and that Statista login
information may not be shared with or used by any other person, including
other Authorised Users. You will be responsible for controlling and managing
your roster of Authorised Users and will promptly notify Statista to
deactivate an Authorised User‘s Statista login information if the Authorised
User is no longer an Eligible Person or you otherwise wish to deactivate or
terminate the Authorised User‘s access to the Online Services.
You are responsible for all use of the Online Services accessed with Statista
login information issued to your Authorised Users, including associated
charges, whether by Authorised Users or others. You will use reasonable
commercial efforts to prevent unauthorised use of Statista login information
assigned to your Authorised Users and will promptly notify Statista, in
writing, if you suspect that Statista login information is lost, stolen,
compromised, or misused. The term “Member” refers to users with free
subscriptions or accounts (Basic Account) as well as unregistered visitors to
the website who lack login credentials. All provisions prohibiting or
restricting the use of Materials for Authorised Users also apply, unless
stated otherwise herein.
2.2 Use of the Online Services via mechanical, robotic, scripted or any other
automated means is strictly prohibited. In the absence of any prior written
agreement by Statista, use of the Online Services is permitted only via
manually conducted, discrete, individual search and retrieval activities.
2.3 Statista may amend enhance, add to, withdraw, or otherwise change Online
Services, Materials, and feature functionality within the Online Services
without notice at any time in any way to Authorised Users. Such modifications
shall be effective immediately. Please review the General Terms and Conditions
whenever accessing, linking to, or using this site. Your access, link to, or
use of the Online Services after the posting of modifications to the General
Terms and Conditions will constitute your acceptance of the General Terms and
Conditions as modified.
2.4 Authorised Users and Members are required to provide truthful and accurate
information during registration, including, but not limited to, correct
shipping and payment information, correct contact information (e-mail,
telephone, etc.), confirmation of payment arrangements, confirmation of status
(e.g. student status), confirmation of the Authorised User or Member‘s
acceptance of our Cancellation Policies, and confirmation of agreement to
these Terms and Conditions.
2.5 Authorised Users are required to notify Statista of any relevant changes
made to the information contained in section 2.4.
3\. Limited warranty
3.1 Statista represents and warrants that it has the right and authority to
make the Online Services and Materials available to Members and Authorised
Users as Authorised expressly by this Subscription Agreement.
3.2 YOU AGREE THAT YOUR USE OF THE ONLINE SERVICES IS AT YOUR SOLE RISK AND
YOU ACKNOWLEDGE THAT, EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SECTION 3.1, THE ONLINE
SERVICES AND MATERIALS ARE PROVIDED “AS IS”, AND “AS AVAILABLE” AND THAT
STATISTA AND EACH THIRD PARTY SUPPLIER OF MATERIALS MAKE NO WARRANTY OF ANY
KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AS TO THE ONLINE SERVICES AND MATERIALS, INCLUDING
BUT NOT LIMITED TO, MERCHANTIBILITY, NON-INFRINGEMENT, TITLE, OR FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE.
4\. Limitation of liability
4.1 A Covered Party (as defined below) shall not be liable for any loss,
injury, claim, liability, or damage of any kind resulting in any way from
(a) any errors in or omissions from the Online Services or any Materials
available or not included therein, (b) the unavailability or interruption of
the Online Service or any features thereof or any Materials, (c) An Authorised
User or Member‘s use of the Online Services or Materials, (d) the loss or
corruption of any data or equipment in connection with the Online Services,
(e) the content, accuracy, or completeness of Materials, all regardless of
whether you received assistance in the use of the Online Service from a
Covered Party, (f) any delay or failure in performance beyond the reasonable
control of a Covered Party, or (g) any content retrieved from the Internet
even if retrieved or linked to from within the Online Services.
4.2 “Covered Party” means
(a) Statista and any officer, director, employee, subcontractor, agent,
successor, or assignee of Statista; and (b) each third party supplier of
Materials, third party alliance entities, their affiliates, and any officer,
director, employee, subcontractor, agent, successor, or assignee of any third
party supplier of Materials or third party alliance entity or any of their
affiliates.
4.3 TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMISSIBLE BY APPLICABLE LAW, AND UNDER NO
CIRCUMSTANCES WILL THE TOTAL AGGREGATE LIABILITY OF THE COVERED PARTIES IN
CONNECTION WITH ANY CLAIM ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THE USE OF OR
INABILITY TO USE THE ONLINE SERVICES OR MATERIALS OR THIS SUBSCRIPTION
AGREEMENT EXCEED THE LESSER OF YOUR ACTUAL DIRECT DAMAGES OR THE AMOUNT PAID
BY YOU, IF ANY, FOR ACCESSING THE ONLINE SERVICES (EXCLUDING ANY APPLICABLE
TAXES OR DUTIES) OR ANY LINKS OR ITEMS ON THE ONLINE SERVICES OR ANY PROVION
OF THE GENERAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS. YOUR RIGHT TO MONETARY DAMAGES IN THAT
AMOUNT SHALL BE IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER REMEDIES WHICH YOU MAY HAVE AGAINST ANY
COVERED PARTY.
4.4 UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO NEGLIGENCE, SHALL THE
COVERED PARTIES BE HELD LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
EXEMPLARY; PUNITIVE, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OF ANY KIND WHATSOEVER
(INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, solicitorS‘ FEES) IN ANY WAY DUE TO, RESULTING
FROM, OR ARISING IN CONNECTION WITH THE ONLINE SERVICES, MATERIALS, OR THE
FAILURE OF ANY COVERED PARTY TO PERFORM ITS OBLIGATIONS. THE FOREGOING
LIMITATION OF LIABILITY SHALL NOT APPLY TO A PARTY‘S INDEMNITY OBLIGATIONS OR
INFRINGEMENT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OR MISAPPROPRIATION OF PROPRIETARY DATA
BELONGING TO STATISTA OR ITS THIRD PARTY SUPPLIERS.
4.5 Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 4:
(a) If there is a breach of the warranty in Section 3.1 above, then Statista
at its option and expense, shall either defend or settle any action and hold
you harmless against proceedings or damages of any kind or description based
on a third party‘s claim of patent, trademark, service mark, copyright or
trade secret infringement related to use of the Online Services or Materials,
asserted against you by such third party provided: (i) all use of the Online
Services and Materials was in accordance with this Subscription Agreement;
(ii) the claim, cause of action or infringement was not caused by you
modifying, combining, or in any way altering, amending, or inserting the
Online Services or Materials with or into other products or applications not
approved by Statista and not Authorised by this agreement; (iii) you give
Statista prompt notice of any such claim; and (iv) you give Statista the sole
right to control and direct the investigation, defense and settlement of each
such claim. You, at Statista‘s expense, shall fully cooperate with Statista in
asserting any available defense.
(b) In addition to Section 4.5(a), if the Online Services or the operation
thereof become, or in the opinion of Statista are likely to become, the
subject of a claim of infringement, Statista may, at its option and expense,
either: (i) procure for you the right to continue using the Online Services,
(ii) replace or modify the Online Services so that they become non-infringing,
or (iii) terminate this Subscription Agreement on notice to you and grant you
a pro-rata refund or credit (whichever is applicable) for any pre-paid fees or
fixed charges.
(c) The provisions of Sections 4.5(a) and (b) shall constitute your sole and
exclusive remedy for the respective matters specified therein.
4.6 Statista shall not be held liable for a temporary or permanent loss of
service resulting from a change in the Member or Authorised User‘s e-mail
address or contact information (stated in section 2.4), intentionally or
unintentionally, which has not been communicated to Statista in accordance
with terms of this Subscription Agreement.
4.7 You agree, at your own expense, to indemnify, defend and hold harmless
Statista, its suppliers, agents, directors, officers, employees,
representatives, successors, and assignees from and against any and all
claims, damages, liabilities, costs, and expenses, including reasonable
solicitors‘ and experts‘ fees, arising out of or in connection with the Online
Services, or any links on the Online Services, including, but not limited to:
(i) your use or someone using your computer‘s use of the Online Services; (ii)
use by someone using your account; (iii) a violation of the General Terms and
Conditions by you or anyone using your computer (or account, where
applicable); (iv) a claim that any use of the Online Services by you or
someone using your computer (or account, where applicable) infringes any
intellectual property right of any third party, or any right of privacy or
publicity, is libelous or defamatory, or otherwise results in injury or damage
to any third party; (v) any deletions, additions, insertions or alterations
to, or any unauthorised use of, the Online Services by you or someone using
your computer (or account, where applicable); (vi) any misrepresentation or
breach of representation or warranty made by you contained herein; or (vii)
any breach of any covenant or agreement to be performed by you hereunder.
5\. Cancellation policy
5.1 Unless services are cancelled as set out in Section 5.1 or by notice six
(6) weeks prior to the end of a subscription, your subscription will be
extended automatically. The agreed license fee will increase every year by
five percent. Cancellations must be submitted in a signed writing in letter,
fax, or e-mail form and sent to Statista, For the attention of [Sales
Department]. No additional written statements to justify cancellation are
necessary.
5.2 Any additional information on, or exceptions to, this Cancellation Policy
will be stated in the product flyers located on the Statista website.
6\. Miscellaneous
6.1 These General Terms and Conditions may be amended or replaced by Statista
from time to time as described herein or by written agreement at the
discretion of Statista. Charges and payment terms may be changed in accordance
with the terms of your Price Schedule; all other provisions set out in the
General Terms and Conditions may be amended in Statista‘s sole discretion and
effective immediately upon notice to you, if applicable, or if any changes are
made to this Subscription Agreement, such changes will:
(a) only be applied prospectively; and (b) not be specifically directed
against Members, you or your Authorised Users but will apply to all similarly
situated Statista customers using the Online Services. This Subscription
Agreement may not be supplemented, modified or otherwise revised by any
Authorised Users or Members in the absence of a signed writing duly executed
by Authorised representatives of both parties. Furthermore, this Subscription
Agreement may not be supplemented, modified or otherwise revised by Authorised
Users or Members by Email exchange even if the Email contains a printed name
or signature line bearing signature-like font. Any terms and conditions
proposed by you which are in addition to or which conflict with the General
Terms and Conditions are expressly rejected by Statista GmbH and shall have no
force or effect. The foregoing does not prohibit the execution of electronic
contracts bearing electronic signatures of Authorised representatives of both
parties, provided such signatures include digital certifications or are
otherwise authenticated.
6.2 Upon the breach of this Subscription Agreement by an Authorised User or
Member, Statista may temporarily suspend or discontinue providing access to
the Online Services to the breaching party without notice, in addition to
pursuing any other legal remedies available to Statista.
6.3 All notices and other communications hereunder shall be in writing or
displayed electronically in the Online Services by Statista. Notices shall be
deemed to have been properly given on the date deposited in the mail, if
mailed; on the date first made available, if displayed in the Online Services;
or on the date received, if delivered in any other manner.
6.4 The failure of an Authorised User, Member, Statista, or any third party
supplier of Materials to exercise or enforce any provision hereof shall not
constitute or be construed as a waiver of any such right or provision of the
right to enforce it at a later time.
6.5 Statista‘s ability to provide Materials is regulated by a variety of
privacy, data protection, and other laws in a variety of jurisdictions (“Data
Laws”) and by the licenses under which it obtains Materials (“Licenses”). You
acknowledge that Statista will perform a due diligence review of your account
upon registration and that the due diligence review will be heightened if you
desire to access sensitive, nonpublic Materials about individuals. You also
acknowledge that Statista will perform periodic reviews of you and your
Authorised Users‘ use of Materials subject to Data Laws or Licenses
(“Regulated Data”) in order to comply with Data Laws and license restrictions,
and that the review may include asking you or your Authorised Users to verify
that use of Regulated Data was for a permissible purpose. You and your
Authorised Users will cooperate fully with Statista in any such due diligence
or regulatory review and will promptly produce all relevant records and
documentation reasonably requested by Statista. All reviews will be at
Statista‘s expense. If there is any failure to cooperate fully with Statista,
or if any review reveals the lack of a permissible purpose to access Regulated
Data, Statista may deny access to the Online Services or to Regulated Data.
Statista will be under no obligation to reduce the fees payable by you to the
extent that it is unable to provide Regulated Data to you based solely on your
non-cooperation.
6.6 If you, any of your Authorised Users, Members, or any person you or your
Authorised Users permit to use the Online Services or who gains access through
an Authorised User‘s or Member‘s failure to properly secure his or her
Statista login credentials or computer (a “User”) should access or use
Regulated Data in an unauthorised manner (a “Security Event”), then the
following provisions will apply:
(a) if required by applicable law, you will notify the individuals whose
information has potentially been accessed or used that a Security Event has
occurred; (b) you will notify any other parties (including but not limited to
regulatory entities and credit reporting agencies) as may be required by law;
(c) the notification will not reference Statista or the product through which
the Regulated Data was provided, nor will Statista be otherwise identified or
referenced in connection with the Security Event, without the express prior
written consent of Statista; (d) you will be solely liable for all claims that
may arise from a Security Event caused by you, Members, your Authorised Users
or a User and you will indemnify Statista in full for any third party claims
directed against Statista that arise from the Security Event; and (e) all
notifications and indemnity claims related to the Security Event will be
solely at your expense.
6.7 This Subscription Agreement will be enforced to the fullest extent
permitted by applicable law. If any provision of this Subscription Agreement
is held to be invalid or unenforceable to any extent, then (a) such provision
will be interpreted, construed and reformed to the extent reasonably required
to render it valid, enforceable and consistent with its original intent and
(b) such invalidity or unenforceability will not affect any other provision of
this Subscription Agreement.
6.8 Where applicable, each affiliated company of Statista and each third party
supplier of Materials has the right to assert and enforce the provisions of
this Subscription Agreement directly on its own behalf as a third party
beneficiary.
6.9 This Subscription Agreement constitutes the entire agreement of the
parties with respect to its subject matter and replaces and supersedes any
prior written or verbal communications, representations, proposals or
quotations on that subject matter.
CONTACT
Hamburg
Statista GmbH Johannes-Brahms-Platz 1 20355 Hamburg Germany Tel.: +49 40 284
841-0
Contact Person: Jens Weitemeyer
New York
Statista Inc. 3 World Trade Center 175 Greenwich Street, 36th Floor New York,
NY 10007 U.S.A. Tel.: +1 212 419-5770
Contact Person: Esther Shaulova
London
Statista Ltd. 5th Floor 209-215 Blackfriars Road London SE1 8NL United Kingdom
Tel.: +44 208 189 7000
Contact Person: Lodovica Biagi
Singapore
Statista Pte Ltd 138 Market Street 24F CapitaGreen Singapore 048945 Republic
of Singapore Tel.: +65 6995 6959
Contact Person: Kit Foong
Paris
Statista S.A.R.L. 20 rue Cambon 75001 Paris France Tel.: +33 1 84 88 96 71
Contact Person: Temitope Ifekoya
Japan
Statista Japan Ltd. A-3, 6-28-5 Jingumae, Shibuya Tokyo 1510001 Japan Tel.:
+81 3 6427 6800
Contact Person: Kisara Mizuno
Save PDF Aug 3, 2020
General Terms and Conditions
These Terms and Conditions shall govern the use of the Statista Online
Services, as defined below.
Data Protection Officer: Christian Wolf, [email protected]
Phone: +49 40 413 49 89 0 E-mail:[email protected]
Statista Customer Support is available Monday to Friday, 9:30 - 17:00 (GMT).
You may also reach us by e-mail at [email protected]
The terms and conditions listed below govern use of the online services (the
“Online Services”) and materials available therein (“Materials”) provided by
Statista By continuing to access, link to, or use the Online Services, you
signify your acceptance of the General Terms and Conditions. The terms “you”
and “your” in uppercase or lowercase shall mean the entity (e.g. individual,
company, corporation, partnership, sole proprietor, etc.) or government agency
entering into a Subscription Agreement with Statista.
1\. Grant of rights; Restrictions on use
1.1 Authorised Users (defined below in Section 2.1) are granted a
nonexclusive, non-transferable, limited right to access and use for research
purposes the Online Services and Materials made available to you. The rights
granted exclusively to Authorised Users are as follows:
(a) The right to use Materials for research purposes, and the right to copy
Materials into user‘s analyses, presentations, documents, and other similar
forms of work or research material; that includes Printing, and archiving of
statistics for internal purposes and a fair use of downloaded statistics;
(b) The right to publish and distribute Materials, unless otherwise prohibited
by existing applicable intellectual property laws and copyright laws;
(c) For the avoidance of doubt, downloading and storing Materials in an
archival database is prohibited. The Online Services and the Materials are
protected by copyright, intellectual property laws, and other laws that
prevent unauthorised access and use. If you are not an Authorised User, you
are not permitted to access or use the Online Services requiring a paid
subscription for any purpose whatsoever. If you nevertheless access and use
the Online Services or Materials requiring a paid subscription without
authorization, your access and use will be governed by these General Terms and
Conditions and you will be liable to Statista for any breach of the General
Terms and Conditions as well as for unauthorised access and payment for use at
the rates in the applicable Price Schedule;
(d) The right to Email, fax, download or make printouts using the commands of
the Online Services and the right to create a single printout of Materials
accessed or downloaded by any other lawful means (collectively, “Authorised
Printouts”);
1.2 Members (defined below in Section 2.1) and unregistered visitors to
Statista websites and subpages are granted a nonexclusive, non-transferable,
limited right to access and use for research purposes the Online Services and
Materials made available to you. Commercial use for Members is strictly
prohibited. The rights granted to Members are as follows:
(a) The right to use Materials for research purposes, and the right to
implement Materials into analyses, presentations, documents, and other similar
forms of work or research material;
(b) The right to display a de minimis amount of the Materials on an
incidental, infrequent basis for non-commercial purposes, including the
display of materials on blogs, social media platforms, and other strictly non-
commercial websites, under the condition that published Materials are linked
directly to Statista‘s publicly accessible web pages using the provided HTML
code in an unaltered, unmodified, and functional state. You may not use or
link to Statista.com any site containing inappropriate, defamatory,
infringing, obscene, or unlawful topics, names, material, or information that
violates any applicable intellectual property, proprietary, privacy, or
publicity rights;
(c) All other forms of commercial use, distribution, or publication are
strictly prohibited. To the extent permitted by applicable copyright law and
unless limited or prohibited by separate written agreements signed by both
parties, Authorised Users may make copies of Authorised Printouts and
distribute Authorised Printouts and copies provided that you retain all
copyright and other proprietary notices.
1.3 You may not exploit the goodwill of Statista, including its trademarks,
service marks, or logos without the express prior written consent of Statista.
Additionally, under no circumstances may you or any Authorised User offer,
sell, retransmit any part of the Online Services or Materials to any other
person for commercial resale or commercial redistribution in any medium or use
the Online Services or the Materials to compete with the business of Statista.
You may not modify, reverse engineer, reverse assemble or reverse compile any
part of the Online Services or Materials. You may not use the Online Services
in any way to improve the quality of any data sold or contributed by you to
any third party.
1.4 All right, title, and interest (including all copyrights, trademarks and
other intellectual property rights) in the Online Services and Materials in
any medium belong to Statista or its third party suppliers of Materials.
Neither Members nor Authorised Users acquire any proprietary interest in the
Online Services, Materials, or copies thereof, except the limited rights
granted herein.
1.5 Neither Members nor Authorised Users may use the Online Services or
Materials in any fashion that infringes the intellectual property rights or
proprietary interests of Statista or any third party. Your use of the Online
Services and Materials must comply with all applicable laws, rules or
regulations. You may not use the Online Services for any illegal purpose or in
any manner inconsistent with the General Terms and Conditions or any
applicable laws.
1.6 Neither Members nor Authorised Users may remove, alter, edit or obscure
the copyright notice or other notices contained in Materials or on
www.statista.com.
1.7 Neither Members nor Authorised Users may use information included in the
Online Services or Materials to determine an individual consumer‘s eligibility
for (a) credit or insurance for personal, family, or household purposes; (b)
employment; or (c) a government license or benefit.
1.8 Other provisions that govern use of the Materials are set forth in the
applicable Price Schedule, online descriptions of files, online notices
following source selection, and individual documents retrieved from the Online
Services (collectively, the “Additional Terms”), all of which are incorporated
by reference into this Subscription Agreement.
2\. Access to services
2.1 The term “Authorised User” refers to an Eligible Person with a
paid/purchased account. Only your Authorised employees, temporary employees,
students, partners/members, and contractors dedicated to performing work
exclusively for you (to the extent those categories of persons are appropriate
to your situation) are eligible to access and use the Online Services and
Materials (“Eligible Persons”). Without limitation, the Authorised User‘s
external professional service providers such as solicitor, accountants,
outsourcers, public relations firms, and any other professional advisors are
specifically excluded from being Eligible Persons. You agree that Statista
login information, including username and password, may only be used by the
Authorised User to whom Statista assigns it and that Statista login
information may not be shared with or used by any other person, including
other Authorised Users. You will be responsible for controlling and managing
your roster of Authorised Users and will promptly notify Statista to
deactivate an Authorised User‘s Statista login information if the Authorised
User is no longer an Eligible Person or you otherwise wish to deactivate or
terminate the Authorised User‘s access to the Online Services.
You are responsible for all use of the Online Services accessed with Statista
login information issued to your Authorised Users, including associated
charges, whether by Authorised Users or others. You will use reasonable
commercial efforts to prevent unauthorised use of Statista login information
assigned to your Authorised Users and will promptly notify Statista, in
writing, if you suspect that Statista login information is lost, stolen,
compromised, or misused. The term “Member” refers to users with free
subscriptions or accounts (Basic Account) as well as unregistered visitors to
the website who lack login credentials. All provisions prohibiting or
restricting the use of Materials for Authorised Users also apply, unless
stated otherwise herein.
2.2 Use of the Online Services via mechanical, robotic, scripted or any other
automated means is strictly prohibited. In the absence of any prior written
agreement by Statista, use of the Online Services is permitted only via
manually conducted, discrete, individual search and retrieval activities.
2.3 Statista may amend enhance, add to, withdraw, or otherwise change Online
Services, Materials, and feature functionality within the Online Services
without notice at any time in any way to Authorised Users. Such modifications
shall be effective immediately. Please review the General Terms and Conditions
whenever accessing, linking to, or using this site. Your access, link to, or
use of the Online Services after the posting of modifications to the General
Terms and Conditions will constitute your acceptance of the General Terms and
Conditions as modified.
2.4 Authorised Users and Members are required to provide truthful and accurate
information during registration, including, but not limited to, correct
shipping and payment information, correct contact information (e-mail,
telephone, etc.), confirmation of payment arrangements, confirmation of status
(e.g. student status), confirmation of the Authorised User or Member‘s
acceptance of our Cancellation Policies, and confirmation of agreement to
these Terms and Conditions.
2.5 Authorised Users are required to notify Statista of any relevant changes
made to the information contained in section 2.4.
3\. Limited warranty
3.1 Statista represents and warrants that it has the right and authority to
make the Online Services and Materials available to Members and Authorised
Users as Authorised expressly by this Subscription Agreement.
3.2 YOU AGREE THAT YOUR USE OF THE ONLINE SERVICES IS AT YOUR SOLE RISK AND
YOU ACKNOWLEDGE THAT, EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SECTION 3.1, THE ONLINE
SERVICES AND MATERIALS ARE PROVIDED “AS IS”, AND “AS AVAILABLE” AND THAT
STATISTA AND EACH THIRD PARTY SUPPLIER OF MATERIALS MAKE NO WARRANTY OF ANY
KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AS TO THE ONLINE SERVICES AND MATERIALS, INCLUDING
BUT NOT LIMITED TO, MERCHANTIBILITY, NON-INFRINGEMENT, TITLE, OR FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE.
4\. Limitation of liability
4.1 A Covered Party (as defined below) shall not be liable for any loss,
injury, claim, liability, or damage of any kind resulting in any way from
(a) any errors in or omissions from the Online Services or any Materials
available or not included therein, (b) the unavailability or interruption of
the Online Service or any features thereof or any Materials, (c) An Authorised
User or Member‘s use of the Online Services or Materials, (d) the loss or
corruption of any data or equipment in connection with the Online Services,
(e) the content, accuracy, or completeness of Materials, all regardless of
whether you received assistance in the use of the Online Service from a
Covered Party, (f) any delay or failure in performance beyond the reasonable
control of a Covered Party, or (g) any content retrieved from the Internet
even if retrieved or linked to from within the Online Services.
4.2 “Covered Party” means
(a) Statista and any officer, director, employee, subcontractor, agent,
successor, or assignee of Statista; and (b) each third party supplier of
Materials, third party alliance entities, their affiliates, and any officer,
director, employee, subcontractor, agent, successor, or assignee of any third
party supplier of Materials or third party alliance entity or any of their
affiliates.
4.3 TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMISSIBLE BY APPLICABLE LAW, AND UNDER NO
CIRCUMSTANCES WILL THE TOTAL AGGREGATE LIABILITY OF THE COVERED PARTIES IN
CONNECTION WITH ANY CLAIM ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THE USE OF OR
INABILITY TO USE THE ONLINE SERVICES OR MATERIALS OR THIS SUBSCRIPTION
AGREEMENT EXCEED THE LESSER OF YOUR ACTUAL DIRECT DAMAGES OR THE AMOUNT PAID
BY YOU, IF ANY, FOR ACCESSING THE ONLINE SERVICES (EXCLUDING ANY APPLICABLE
TAXES OR DUTIES) OR ANY LINKS OR ITEMS ON THE ONLINE SERVICES OR ANY PROVION
OF THE GENERAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS. YOUR RIGHT TO MONETARY DAMAGES IN THAT
AMOUNT SHALL BE IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER REMEDIES WHICH YOU MAY HAVE AGAINST ANY
COVERED PARTY.
4.4 UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO NEGLIGENCE, SHALL THE
COVERED PARTIES BE HELD LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
EXEMPLARY; PUNITIVE, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OF ANY KIND WHATSOEVER
(INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, solicitorS‘ FEES) IN ANY WAY DUE TO, RESULTING
FROM, OR ARISING IN CONNECTION WITH THE ONLINE SERVICES, MATERIALS, OR THE
FAILURE OF ANY COVERED PARTY TO PERFORM ITS OBLIGATIONS. THE FOREGOING
LIMITATION OF LIABILITY SHALL NOT APPLY TO A PARTY‘S INDEMNITY OBLIGATIONS OR
INFRINGEMENT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OR MISAPPROPRIATION OF PROPRIETARY DATA
BELONGING TO STATISTA OR ITS THIRD PARTY SUPPLIERS.
4.5 Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 4:
(a) If there is a breach of the warranty in Section 3.1 above, then Statista
at its option and expense, shall either defend or settle any action and hold
you harmless against proceedings or damages of any kind or description based
on a third party‘s claim of patent, trademark, service mark, copyright or
trade secret infringement related to use of the Online Services or Materials,
asserted against you by such third party provided: (i) all use of the Online
Services and Materials was in accordance with this Subscription Agreement;
(ii) the claim, cause of action or infringement was not caused by you
modifying, combining, or in any way altering, amending, or inserting the
Online Services or Materials with or into other products or applications not
approved by Statista and not Authorised by this agreement; (iii) you give
Statista prompt notice of any such claim; and (iv) you give Statista the sole
right to control and direct the investigation, defense and settlement of each
such claim. You, at Statista‘s expense, shall fully cooperate with Statista in
asserting any available defense.
(b) In addition to Section 4.5(a), if the Online Services or the operation
thereof become, or in the opinion of Statista are likely to become, the
subject of a claim of infringement, Statista may, at its option and expense,
either: (i) procure for you the right to continue using the Online Services,
(ii) replace or modify the Online Services so that they become non-infringing,
or (iii) terminate this Subscription Agreement on notice to you and grant you
a pro-rata refund or credit (whichever is applicable) for any pre-paid fees or
fixed charges.
(c) The provisions of Sections 4.5(a) and (b) shall constitute your sole and
exclusive remedy for the respective matters specified therein.
4.6 Statista shall not be held liable for a temporary or permanent loss of
service resulting from a change in the Member or Authorised User‘s e-mail
address or contact information (stated in section 2.4), intentionally or
unintentionally, which has not been communicated to Statista in accordance
with terms of this Subscription Agreement.
4.7 You agree, at your own expense, to indemnify, defend and hold harmless
Statista, its suppliers, agents, directors, officers, employees,
representatives, successors, and assignees from and against any and all
claims, damages, liabilities, costs, and expenses, including reasonable
solicitors‘ and experts‘ fees, arising out of or in connection with the Online
Services, or any links on the Online Services, including, but not limited to:
(i) your use or someone using your computer‘s use of the Online Services; (ii)
use by someone using your account; (iii) a violation of the General Terms and
Conditions by you or anyone using your computer (or account, where
applicable); (iv) a claim that any use of the Online Services by you or
someone using your computer (or account, where applicable) infringes any
intellectual property right of any third party, or any right of privacy or
publicity, is libelous or defamatory, or otherwise results in injury or damage
to any third party; (v) any deletions, additions, insertions or alterations
to, or any unauthorised use of, the Online Services by you or someone using
your computer (or account, where applicable); (vi) any misrepresentation or
breach of representation or warranty made by you contained herein; or (vii)
any breach of any covenant or agreement to be performed by you hereunder.
5\. Cancellation policy
5.1 Unless services are cancelled as set out in Section 5.1 or by notice six
(6) weeks prior to the end of a subscription, your subscription will be
extended automatically. The agreed license fee will increase every year by
five percent. Cancellations must be submitted in a signed writing in letter,
fax, or e-mail form and sent to Statista, For the attention of [Sales
Department]. No additional written statements to justify cancellation are
necessary.
5.2 Any additional information on, or exceptions to, this Cancellation Policy
will be stated in the product flyers located on the Statista website.
6\. Miscellaneous
6.1 These General Terms and Conditions may be amended or replaced by Statista
from time to time as described herein or by written agreement at the
discretion of Statista. Charges and payment terms may be changed in accordance
with the terms of your Price Schedule; all other provisions set out in the
General Terms and Conditions may be amended in Statista‘s sole discretion and
effective immediately upon notice to you, if applicable, or if any changes are
made to this Subscription Agreement, such changes will:
(a) only be applied prospectively; and (b) not be specifically directed
against Members, you or your Authorised Users but will apply to all similarly
situated Statista customers using the Online Services. This Subscription
Agreement may not be supplemented, modified or otherwise revised by any
Authorised Users or Members in the absence of a signed writing duly executed
by Authorised representatives of both parties. Furthermore, this Subscription
Agreement may not be supplemented, modified or otherwise revised by Authorised
Users or Members by Email exchange even if the Email contains a printed name
or signature line bearing signature-like font. Any terms and conditions
proposed by you which are in addition to or which conflict with the General
Terms and Conditions are expressly rejected by Statista GmbH and shall have no
force or effect. The foregoing does not prohibit the execution of electronic
contracts bearing electronic signatures of Authorised representatives of both
parties, provided such signatures include digital certifications or are
otherwise authenticated.
6.2 Upon the breach of this Subscription Agreement by an Authorised User or
Member, Statista may temporarily suspend or discontinue providing access to
the Online Services to the breaching party without notice, in addition to
pursuing any other legal remedies available to Statista.
6.3 All notices and other communications hereunder shall be in writing or
displayed electronically in the Online Services by Statista. Notices shall be
deemed to have been properly given on the date deposited in the mail, if
mailed; on the date first made available, if displayed in the Online Services;
or on the date received, if delivered in any other manner.
6.4 The failure of an Authorised User, Member, Statista, or any third party
supplier of Materials to exercise or enforce any provision hereof shall not
constitute or be construed as a waiver of any such right or provision of the
right to enforce it at a later time.
6.5 Statista‘s ability to provide Materials is regulated by a variety of
privacy, data protection, and other laws in a variety of jurisdictions (“Data
Laws”) and by the licenses under which it obtains Materials (“Licenses”). You
acknowledge that Statista will perform a due diligence review of your account
upon registration and that the due diligence review will be heightened if you
desire to access sensitive, nonpublic Materials about individuals. You also
acknowledge that Statista will perform periodic reviews of you and your
Authorised Users‘ use of Materials subject to Data Laws or Licenses
(“Regulated Data”) in order to comply with Data Laws and license restrictions,
and that the review may include asking you or your Authorised Users to verify
that use of Regulated Data was for a permissible purpose. You and your
Authorised Users will cooperate fully with Statista in any such due diligence
or regulatory review and will promptly produce all relevant records and
documentation reasonably requested by Statista. All reviews will be at
Statista‘s expense. If there is any failure to cooperate fully with Statista,
or if any review reveals the lack of a permissible purpose to access Regulated
Data, Statista may deny access to the Online Services or to Regulated Data.
Statista will be under no obligation to reduce the fees payable by you to the
extent that it is unable to provide Regulated Data to you based solely on your
non-cooperation.
6.6 If you, any of your Authorised Users, Members, or any person you or your
Authorised Users permit to use the Online Services or who gains access through
an Authorised User‘s or Member‘s failure to properly secure his or her
Statista login credentials or computer (a “User”) should access or use
Regulated Data in an unauthorised manner (a “Security Event”), then the
following provisions will apply:
(a) if required by applicable law, you will notify the individuals whose
information has potentially been accessed or used that a Security Event has
occurred; (b) you will notify any other parties (including but not limited to
regulatory entities and credit reporting agencies) as may be required by law;
(c) the notification will not reference Statista or the product through which
the Regulated Data was provided, nor will Statista be otherwise identified or
referenced in connection with the Security Event, without the express prior
written consent of Statista; (d) you will be solely liable for all claims that
may arise from a Security Event caused by you, Members, your Authorised Users
or a User and you will indemnify Statista in full for any third party claims
directed against Statista that arise from the Security Event; and (e) all
notifications and indemnity claims related to the Security Event will be
solely at your expense.
6.7 This Subscription Agreement will be enforced to the fullest extent
permitted by applicable law. If any provision of this Subscription Agreement
is held to be invalid or unenforceable to any extent, then (a) such provision
will be interpreted, construed and reformed to the extent reasonably required
to render it valid, enforceable and consistent with its original intent and
(b) such invalidity or unenforceability will not affect any other provision of
this Subscription Agreement.
6.8 Where applicable, each affiliated company of Statista and each third party
supplier of Materials has the right to assert and enforce the provisions of
this Subscription Agreement directly on its own behalf as a third party
beneficiary.
6.9 This Subscription Agreement constitutes the entire agreement of the
parties with respect to its subject matter and replaces and supersedes any
prior written or verbal communications, representations, proposals or
quotations on that subject matter.
CONTACT
Hamburg
Statista GmbH Johannes-Brahms-Platz 1 20355 Hamburg Germany Tel.: +49 40 284
841-0
Contact Person: Jens Weitemeyer
New York
Statista Inc. 3 World Trade Center 175 Greenwich Street, 36th Floor New York,
NY 10007 U.S.A. Tel.: +1 212 419-5770
Contact Person: Esther Shaulova
London
Statista Ltd. 5th Floor 209-215 Blackfriars Road London SE1 8NL United Kingdom
Tel.: +44 208 189 7000
Contact Person: Lodovica Biagi
Singapore
Statista Pte Ltd 138 Market Street 24F CapitaGreen Singapore 048945 Republic
of Singapore Tel.: +65 6995 6959
Contact Person: Kit Foong
Paris
Statista S.A.R.L. 20 rue Cambon 75001 Paris France Tel.: +33 1 84 88 96 71
Contact Person: Temitope Ifekoya
Japan
Statista Japan Ltd. A-3, 6-28-5 Jingumae, Shibuya Tokyo 1510001 Japan Tel.:
+81 3 6427 6800
Contact Person: Kisara Mizuno
## Accessibility Statement
Statista endeavors to provide barrier-free access to the website
https://www.statista.com/. It is our wish that as many people as possible are
able to use this website. This means, for example, that a visitor should be
able: • to adjust text spacing • to navigate the majority of the the website
with the keyboard alone • to read alternative subtitles when audio clips
contain information • to see page contents without time limits or flickering
elements • to access contents via the navigation menu as well as the search
engine • to find references to website contents even without specific sensory
perceptions • to fill out forms and receive support in the form of captions
and obtain help when errors occur This website has been tested and runs
optimally on: • Apple Safari (current version) • Google Chrome (current
version) • Microsoft Edge (current version) • Microsoft Internet Explorer
(version 11 only) • Mozilla Firefox (current version) This statement was
created on the 18th of August in 2020. Feedback and Contact: We would like our
website to offer the best possible experience for everyone and always strive
to improve accessibility. Please contact us if you have additional questions
about accessibility or if you encounter issues when using the website. You can
reach us via the contact form.
## Company Registration Information
Statista, Inc.
3 World Trade Center –
175 Greenwich Street; 36th Floor
New York, NY 10007
United States
[email protected]
Federal Tax Identification Number: 99-0367549
Statista Inc. is a subsidiary company of the Statista GmbH, Johannes-Brahms-
Platz 1, Hamburg, Germany.
Statista Ltd.
209-215 Blackfriars Road, 5th Floor
London SE1 8NL
United Kingdom
Phone +44 (0)20 8189 7000
[email protected]
Federal Tax Identification Number: GB 227829971
Statista Ltd. is a subsidiary company of the Statista GmbH, Johannes-Brahms-
Platz 1, Hamburg, Germany.
## Note
The European Commission provides a platform for online dispute resolution,
which can be accessed via http://ec.europa.eu/consumers/odr/.
Our whistleblowing system makes it possible to point out compliance
infringements in an uncomplicated and, at request, anonymous
manner: https://compliance.stroeer.de
## Images
This website contains images provided by photographers under creative common
licenses. We would like to thank the following websites:
www.flickr.com/creativecommons
www.aboutpixel.de
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki
de.freeimages.com
## Refund Policy
Due to the digital nature and immediate access to our products, we generally
cannot offer you a refund. Our support team are here to help find a solution
which best fits you and your enterprise. For consultations, please contact us
via [email protected] before making a purchase.
## Cookies
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Campaign Manager 360
* Campaign Manager 360
API Data Transfer Bulk Sheet
* English
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Campaign Manager 360
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* REST Resources
* accountActiveAdSummaries
* Overview
* get
* accountPermissionGroups
* Overview
* get
* list
* accountPermissions
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* get
* list
* accountUserProfiles
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* accounts
* Overview
* get
* list
* patch
* update
* ads
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertiserGroups
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertiserInvoices
* Overview
* list
* advertiserLandingPages
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertisers
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* billingAssignments
* Overview
* insert
* list
* billingProfiles
* Overview
* get
* list
* update
* billingRates
* Overview
* list
* browsers
* Overview
* list
* campaignCreativeAssociations
* Overview
* insert
* list
* campaigns
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* changeLogs
* Overview
* get
* list
* cities
* Overview
* list
* connectionTypes
* Overview
* get
* list
* contentCategories
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* conversions
* Overview
* batchinsert
* batchupdate
* countries
* Overview
* get
* list
* creativeAssets
* Overview
* insert
* creativeFieldValues
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creativeFields
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creativeGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creatives
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* dimensionValues
* Overview
* query
* directorySites
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* dynamicTargetingKeys
* Overview
* delete
* insert
* list
* eventTags
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* files
* Overview
* get
* list
* floodlightActivities
* Overview
* delete
* generatetag
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* floodlightActivityGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* floodlightConfigurations
* Overview
* get
* list
* patch
* update
* inventoryItems
* Overview
* get
* list
* languages
* Overview
* list
* metros
* Overview
* list
* mobileApps
* Overview
* get
* list
* mobileCarriers
* Overview
* get
* list
* operatingSystemVersions
* Overview
* get
* list
* operatingSystems
* Overview
* get
* list
* orderDocuments
* Overview
* get
* list
* orders
* Overview
* get
* list
* placementGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* placementStrategies
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* placements
* Overview
* generatetags
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* platformTypes
* Overview
* get
* list
* postalCodes
* Overview
* get
* list
* projects
* Overview
* get
* list
* regions
* Overview
* list
* remarketingListShares
* Overview
* get
* patch
* update
* remarketingLists
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* reports
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* run
* update
* reports.compatibleFields
* Overview
* query
* reports.files
* Overview
* get
* list
* sites
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* sizes
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* subaccounts
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* targetableRemarketingLists
* Overview
* get
* list
* targetingTemplates
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* userProfiles
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRolePermissionGroups
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRolePermissions
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRoles
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* videoFormats
* Overview
* get
* list
* Types
* Activities
* ChannelGrouping
* ClickThroughUrlSuffixProperties
* Compatibility
* Conversion
* ConversionStatus
* CustomRichMediaEvents
* DayPartTargeting
* DefaultClickThroughEventTagProperties
* DeliveryType
* Dimension
* DimensionValue
* EmailOwnerDeliveryType
* EncryptionInfo
* EventFilter
* EventTagOverride
* File
* FileList
* GeoTargeting
* KeyValueTargetingExpression
* LanguageTargeting
* LastModifiedInfo
* ListTargetingExpression
* LookbackConfiguration
* MatchType
* ObaIcon
* PathFilter
* PathMatchPosition
* PricingSchedule
* Recipient
* RepeatsOnWeekDays
* RunsOnDayOfMonth
* SortOrder
* SortedDimension
* TagSetting
* TechnologyTargeting
* VideoOffset
* v3.5
* Overview
* Dimensions, Metrics, and Filters
* REST Resources
* accountActiveAdSummaries
* Overview
* get
* accountPermissionGroups
* Overview
* get
* list
* accountPermissions
* Overview
* get
* list
* accountUserProfiles
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* accounts
* Overview
* get
* list
* patch
* update
* ads
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertiserGroups
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertiserLandingPages
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertisers
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* browsers
* Overview
* list
* campaignCreativeAssociations
* Overview
* insert
* list
* campaigns
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* changeLogs
* Overview
* get
* list
* cities
* Overview
* list
* connectionTypes
* Overview
* get
* list
* contentCategories
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* conversions
* Overview
* batchinsert
* batchupdate
* countries
* Overview
* get
* list
* creativeAssets
* Overview
* insert
* creativeFieldValues
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creativeFields
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creativeGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creatives
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* dimensionValues
* Overview
* query
* directorySites
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* dynamicTargetingKeys
* Overview
* delete
* insert
* list
* eventTags
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* files
* Overview
* get
* list
* floodlightActivities
* Overview
* delete
* generatetag
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* floodlightActivityGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* floodlightConfigurations
* Overview
* get
* list
* patch
* update
* inventoryItems
* Overview
* get
* list
* languages
* Overview
* list
* metros
* Overview
* list
* mobileApps
* Overview
* get
* list
* mobileCarriers
* Overview
* get
* list
* operatingSystemVersions
* Overview
* get
* list
* operatingSystems
* Overview
* get
* list
* orderDocuments
* Overview
* get
* list
* orders
* Overview
* get
* list
* placementGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* placementStrategies
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* placements
* Overview
* generatetags
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* platformTypes
* Overview
* get
* list
* postalCodes
* Overview
* get
* list
* projects
* Overview
* get
* list
* regions
* Overview
* list
* remarketingListShares
* Overview
* get
* patch
* update
* remarketingLists
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* reports
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* run
* update
* reports.compatibleFields
* Overview
* query
* reports.files
* Overview
* get
* list
* sites
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* sizes
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* subaccounts
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* targetableRemarketingLists
* Overview
* get
* list
* targetingTemplates
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* userProfiles
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRolePermissionGroups
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRolePermissions
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRoles
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* videoFormats
* Overview
* get
* list
* Types
* Activities
* ChannelGrouping
* ClickThroughUrlSuffixProperties
* Compatibility
* Conversion
* ConversionStatus
* CustomRichMediaEvents
* DayPartTargeting
* DefaultClickThroughEventTagProperties
* DeliveryType
* Dimension
* DimensionValue
* EmailOwnerDeliveryType
* EncryptionInfo
* EventFilter
* EventTagOverride
* File
* FileList
* GeoTargeting
* KeyValueTargetingExpression
* LanguageTargeting
* LastModifiedInfo
* ListTargetingExpression
* LookbackConfiguration
* MatchType
* ObaIcon
* PathFilter
* PathMatchPosition
* PricingSchedule
* Recipient
* RepeatsOnWeekDays
* RunsOnDayOfMonth
* SortOrder
* SortedDimension
* TagSetting
* TechnologyTargeting
* VideoOffset
* v3.4
* Overview
* Dimensions, Metrics, and Filters
* REST Resources
* accountActiveAdSummaries
* Overview
* get
* accountPermissionGroups
* Overview
* get
* list
* accountPermissions
* Overview
* get
* list
* accountUserProfiles
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* accounts
* Overview
* get
* list
* patch
* update
* ads
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertiserGroups
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertiserLandingPages
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertisers
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* browsers
* Overview
* list
* campaignCreativeAssociations
* Overview
* insert
* list
* campaigns
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* changeLogs
* Overview
* get
* list
* cities
* Overview
* list
* connectionTypes
* Overview
* get
* list
* contentCategories
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* conversions
* Overview
* batchinsert
* batchupdate
* countries
* Overview
* get
* list
* creativeAssets
* Overview
* insert
* creativeFieldValues
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creativeFields
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creativeGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creatives
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* dimensionValues
* Overview
* query
* directorySites
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* dynamicTargetingKeys
* Overview
* delete
* insert
* list
* eventTags
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* files
* Overview
* get
* list
* floodlightActivities
* Overview
* delete
* generatetag
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* floodlightActivityGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* floodlightConfigurations
* Overview
* get
* list
* patch
* update
* inventoryItems
* Overview
* get
* list
* languages
* Overview
* list
* metros
* Overview
* list
* mobileApps
* Overview
* get
* list
* mobileCarriers
* Overview
* get
* list
* operatingSystemVersions
* Overview
* get
* list
* operatingSystems
* Overview
* get
* list
* orderDocuments
* Overview
* get
* list
* orders
* Overview
* get
* list
* placementGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* placementStrategies
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* placements
* Overview
* generatetags
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* platformTypes
* Overview
* get
* list
* postalCodes
* Overview
* get
* list
* projects
* Overview
* get
* list
* regions
* Overview
* list
* remarketingListShares
* Overview
* get
* patch
* update
* remarketingLists
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* reports
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* run
* update
* reports.compatibleFields
* Overview
* query
* reports.files
* Overview
* get
* list
* sites
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* sizes
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* subaccounts
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* targetableRemarketingLists
* Overview
* get
* list
* targetingTemplates
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* userProfiles
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRolePermissionGroups
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRolePermissions
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRoles
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* videoFormats
* Overview
* get
* list
* Types
* Activities
* ChannelGrouping
* ClickThroughUrlSuffixProperties
* Compatibility
* Conversion
* ConversionStatus
* CustomRichMediaEvents
* DayPartTargeting
* DefaultClickThroughEventTagProperties
* DeliveryType
* Dimension
* DimensionValue
* EmailOwnerDeliveryType
* EncryptionInfo
* EventFilter
* EventTagOverride
* File
* FileList
* GeoTargeting
* KeyValueTargetingExpression
* LanguageTargeting
* LastModifiedInfo
* ListTargetingExpression
* LookbackConfiguration
* MatchType
* ObaIcon
* PathFilter
* PathMatchPosition
* PricingSchedule
* Recipient
* RepeatsOnWeekDays
* RunsOnDayOfMonth
* SortOrder
* SortedDimension
* TagSetting
* TechnologyTargeting
* VideoOffset
* v3.3
* Overview
* Dimensions, Metrics, and Filters
* REST Resources
* accountActiveAdSummaries
* Overview
* get
* accountPermissionGroups
* Overview
* get
* list
* accountPermissions
* Overview
* get
* list
* accountUserProfiles
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* accounts
* Overview
* get
* list
* patch
* update
* ads
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertiserGroups
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertiserLandingPages
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertisers
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* browsers
* Overview
* list
* campaignCreativeAssociations
* Overview
* insert
* list
* campaigns
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* changeLogs
* Overview
* get
* list
* cities
* Overview
* list
* connectionTypes
* Overview
* get
* list
* contentCategories
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* conversions
* Overview
* batchinsert
* batchupdate
* countries
* Overview
* get
* list
* creativeAssets
* Overview
* insert
* creativeFieldValues
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creativeFields
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creativeGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creatives
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* dimensionValues
* Overview
* query
* directorySites
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* dynamicTargetingKeys
* Overview
* delete
* insert
* list
* eventTags
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* files
* Overview
* get
* list
* floodlightActivities
* Overview
* delete
* generatetag
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* floodlightActivityGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* floodlightConfigurations
* Overview
* get
* list
* patch
* update
* inventoryItems
* Overview
* get
* list
* languages
* Overview
* list
* metros
* Overview
* list
* mobileApps
* Overview
* get
* list
* mobileCarriers
* Overview
* get
* list
* operatingSystemVersions
* Overview
* get
* list
* operatingSystems
* Overview
* get
* list
* orderDocuments
* Overview
* get
* list
* orders
* Overview
* get
* list
* placementGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* placementStrategies
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* placements
* Overview
* generatetags
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* platformTypes
* Overview
* get
* list
* postalCodes
* Overview
* get
* list
* projects
* Overview
* get
* list
* regions
* Overview
* list
* remarketingListShares
* Overview
* get
* patch
* update
* remarketingLists
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* reports
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* run
* update
* reports.compatibleFields
* Overview
* query
* reports.files
* Overview
* get
* list
* sites
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* sizes
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* subaccounts
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* targetableRemarketingLists
* Overview
* get
* list
* targetingTemplates
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* userProfiles
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRolePermissionGroups
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRolePermissions
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRoles
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* videoFormats
* Overview
* get
* list
* Types
* Activities
* ClickThroughUrlSuffixProperties
* Compatibility
* Conversion
* ConversionStatus
* CustomRichMediaEvents
* DayPartTargeting
* DefaultClickThroughEventTagProperties
* DeliveryType
* Dimension
* DimensionValue
* EmailOwnerDeliveryType
* EncryptionInfo
* EventTagOverride
* File
* FileList
* GeoTargeting
* KeyValueTargetingExpression
* LanguageTargeting
* LastModifiedInfo
* ListTargetingExpression
* LookbackConfiguration
* PricingSchedule
* Recipient
* RepeatsOnWeekDays
* RunsOnDayOfMonth
* SortOrder
* SortedDimension
* TagSetting
* TechnologyTargeting
* VideoOffset
* * Standard Query Parameters
* Upload Media
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# REST Resource: reports.compatibleFields
Stay organized with collections Save and categorize content based on your
preferences.
## Resource
There is no persistent data associated with this resource.
## Methods
### `query`
Returns the fields that are compatible to be selected in the respective
sections of a report criteria, given the fields already selected in the input
report and user permissions.
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Last updated 2021-01-26 UTC.
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*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
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*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
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*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
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*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
|
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*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
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Send feedback
# Firebase JavaScript SDK Release Notes
Stay organized with collections Save and categorize content based on your
preferences.
To review release notes for the Firebase console and for other Firebase
platforms and related SDKs, refer to the Firebase Release Notes.
## Version 9.17.1 - February 3, 2023
* Moved `exports.default` fields to always be the last field. This fixes a bug introduced in 9.17.0 that prevented some bundlers and frameworks from building. For these build failures, the error text is: "Default condition should be last one".
## Version 9.17.0 - February 2, 2023
Caution: Version 9.17.0 contains a bug causing errors in build tools that use
the `exports` field in `package.json`. If you are seeing an error with the
text "Default condition should be last one", upgrade to version 9.17.1 or
later.
* Added browser CJS entry points (expected by Jest when using JSDOM mode). See Github PR #6981.
### Authentication
* Exposed `TOKEN_EXPIRED` error when multi-factor authentication (MFA) unenroll logs out the user. See Github PR #6973.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed issue where hostname set by `connectDatabaseEmulator` was being overridden by longpolling response. See Github issue #4603.
### Cloud Firestore
* Reduced memory usage by applying query check sooner in remote document cache. See Github PR #6989.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed issue where users were unable to check if an error was an instance of `StorageError`. See Github issue #6944.
## Version 9.16.0 - January 19, 2023
* Allow users to specify their environment as `node` or `browser` to override Firebase's runtime environment detection and force the SDK to act as if it were in the respective environment.
Example:
export __FIREBASE_DEFAULTS__='{"forceEnvironment":"browser"}'
* Reformat a comment that causes compile errors in some build toolchains. See Github issue #6838.
* Removed unused `peerDependencies` in `@firebase/auth-interop-types`. This should remove installation warnings for `firebase-admin` users. See Github PR #6940.
### Authentication
* Added a fix to minimize a potential race condition between initialization of the Authentication SDK and `signInWithRedirect`. See Github issue #6827.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue where `connectDatabaseToEmulator` was sometimes called twice during a hot reload See Github issue #6853.
### Cloud Firestore
* Updated internal logic behind `AND` and `OR` queries to ensure consistency with older implicit `AND` queries. See Github PR #6896.
* Fixed an issue that stops some performance optimization being applied. See Github PR #6893.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed an issue where `pause` throws an error when a request is in flight. See Github issue #6935.
## Version 9.15.0 - December 8, 2022
* Upgraded TypeScript in each individual package to 4.7.4. The earlier update in version 9.13.0 upgraded TypeScript only in the root.
* Fixed a bug that caused Firebase SDKs to throw an error in Firefox browsers when third-party cookies are blocked. See Github issue #6801.
* Updated `firebase/[product]` entry point bundles to conform to Node.js ES module specifications.
### Realtime Database
* Added support for `startAfter` and `endBefore` query params to the REST API and wire protocol. This change does not affect the existing public API. See Github PR #6706.
### Cloud Firestore
* Functions in the Firestore package that return `QueryConstraints` (for example: `where(...)`, `limit(...)`, and `orderBy(...)`) now return a more specific type, which extends `QueryConstraint`. See Github PR #6694.
## Version 9.14.0 - November 10, 2022
### Cloud Messaging
* Exposed `icon` field for the `notification` payload. See Github PR #6728.
### App Check
* Corrected the clearing of the App Check exchange promise after a request succeeds. See Github issue #6734.
### Cloud Firestore
* Updated "missing index" error message to include the link to create the composite index. See Github issue #6613.
* Updated `transaction.set()` failure to now retry on `already-exists` error. See Github PR #6729.
### Performance Monitoring
* Expanded check in `getServiceWorkerStatus` to account for a `navigator` that has a key of `serviceWorker` with a falsy value. See Github PR #6723.
## Version 9.13.0 - October 27, 2022
* Upgraded TypeScript to 4.7.4. See Github PR #6682.
### Cloud Messaging
* Exposed `icon` field for the `notification` payload. See Github PR #6722.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed issue where clients using Node.js v18 would use the native `Blob` object, which is incompatible with `node-fetch`. See Github PR #6705.
## Version 9.12.1 - October 12, 2022
* Added error catching for when the SDK checks `__FIREBASE_DEFAULTS__` in order to not block other app functionality on error. See Github issue #6677.
### Analytics
* Corrected `id` type in `setUserId`. See Github PR #6671.
### Cloud Storage
* Cleared retry timeouts when uploads are paused/canceled. See Github PR #6667.
## Version 9.12.0 - October 11, 2022
* Removed `__FIREBASE_DEFAULTS_PATH__` option, as the current implementation caused Webpack warnings. Fixed `process.env` check to be compatible with environments where `process` exists but `process.env` does not. See Github issue #6660.
* Fixed IPv6 addresses in emulator autoinit for Cloud Firestore, Realtime Database, Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK, and Cloud Storage. See Github issue #6673.
### Cloud Firestore
* Set `withCredentials=true` when making requests via non-streaming RPCs, as is done for streaming RPCs. See Github PR #6643.
* Fixed Firestore failing to raise initial snapshot from empty local cache result. See Github issue #5873.
### Analytics
* Updated Analytics to allow for multiple instances of `gtag` with different data layer names. See Github PR #6655.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed `endBefore` and `push` documentation typos in Realtime Database documentation. See Github PR #6583.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed bug where upload status wasn't being checked after an upload failure. Implemented exponential backoff and max retry strategy. See Github PR #6653.
## Version 9.11.0 - October 06, 2022
* Added functionality to auto-initialize project config and emulator settings from global defaults. This allows the SDK to work with the upcoming framework-aware Firebase tools (currently an experimental release).
### App Check
* Fixed timer issues in the App Check SDK that caused the token to fail to refresh after it had expired, or had caused rapid repeated requests while attempting to do so. See Github issue #6373.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added `getCountFromServer()` (`getCount()` in the Lite SDK), which fetches the number of documents in the result set without actually downloading the documents.
* Fixed a time travel issue across multiple tabs. See Github issue #6511.
## Version 9.10.0 - September 15, 2022
### Authentication
* Updated custom claim type of `ParsedToken` to be `any`. This more accurately reflects that a JWT may contain any valid JSON object. See Github issue #6553.
### Cloud Firestore
* Enabled `encodeInitMessageHeaders` to transition the Firestore client from encoding HTTP Headers via the `httpHeadersOverwriteParam` to the request's `POST` payload. Note, this requires Cloud Firestore Emulator v1.14.4 or newer. See Github PR #6107.
## Version 9.9.4 - September 1, 2022
### Authentication
* Fixed proactive refresh logic in Authentication when Realtime Database, Cloud Firestore, or Cloud Storage are in use. See Github PR #6544.
### Realtime Database
* Added experimental support for Deno. See Github PR #6560.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a bug that threw a `FAILED_PRECONDITION` error when writing to a deleted document in a transaction. See Github issue #6550.
## Version 9.9.3 - August 18, 2022
* Removed all references to `@firebase/polyfill`. See Github issue #6503.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed issue where `get()` would return incorrect results when using a filtered `get()` and an `onValue()` event listener on the same path. See Github PR #6497.
* Fixed faulty transaction issue causing filtered index queries to override default queries. See Github PR #6508.
* Reverted the type of `action` parameter for `DataSnapshot.forEach()`. See Github issue #6368.
## Version 9.9.2 - August 04, 2022
* Prevent the SDK from throwing errors if it is unable to log platform data due to an IndexedDB error. It will log a warning instead. See Github PR #6480.
### Realtime Database
* Updated the type of the `action` parameter for `DataSnapshot.forEach()`. See Github issue #6368.
### Cloud Firestore
* Introduce client-side indexing with beta API `setIndexConfiguration()`. See Github PR #6496.
## Version 9.9.1 - July 22, 2022
### App Check
* Fixed throttling for App Check to prevent unnecessary requests to the backend. See Github issue #6373.
### Cloud Firestore
* Updated `@grpc/proto-loader` dependency to address `protobufjs` security issue. See Github issue #6438.
### Testing SDK
* Updated `firebase-admin` and `firebase-functions` dependencies to address `protobufjs` security issue.
## Version 9.9.0 - July 07, 2022
* Added the missing CDN build and entry point for Firebase installations.
### Analytics
* Added function `setConsent()` to set the applicable end user "consent" state.
* Added function `setDefaultEventParameters()` to set data that is logged on every Analytics event.
### Authentication
* Fixed a bug that caused ReCAPTCHA conflicts between Authentication and App Check when using ReCAPTCHA Enterprise in App Check. See Github issue #6133.
* Updated user agent detection to better detect iPad. This fixes a bug affecting some iPad devices running Cordova apps. See Github issue #6331.
### Realtime Database
* Forced `get()` to wait to resolve until the SDK is connected to the Realtime Database backend. See Github issue #6036.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed Node.js ESM `exports` paths for `firestore/lite`. See Github issue #6414.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Updated `FunctionsErrorCode` type to include "functions/" prefix. See Github issue #6281.
## Version 9.8.4 - June 23, 2022
### Analytics
* Fixed typo in `GtagConfigParams`. See Github issue #6349.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed issue where `get()` saved results incorrectly for non-default queries. See Github PR #6273.
## Version 9.8.3 - June 09, 2022
* Added `types` fields to `exports` object in `package.json` files for all published packages to make them compatible with TypeScript 4.7 support of Node.js ES modules. See Github issue #6300.
* Fixed some incorrect `package.json` paths to entry points in Authentication and Cloud Firestore.
### Realtime Database
* Removed `@firebase/app-compat` as a `peerDependency` of `@firebase/database-compat`, which should not impact JS SDK users, but will prevent `firebase-admin` users from seeing a warning during npm installation.
### Cloud Messaging
* Fixed a bug where the `fcmOptions` field was missing from `onMessage()` and `onBackgroundMessage()` payloads. See Github issue #6207.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed the Node.js ESM bundle to build from the Node.js entry point (it was incorrectly using the browser entry point). See Github issue #6343.
## Version 9.8.2 - May 27, 2022
### Authentication
* Added missing `identities` field to `firebase` claim in the typings for the ID token result. See Github issue #6218.
* Updated the SDK to recognize Capacitor apps by detecting the `capacitor:` protocol. See Github issue #5020.
* Fixed a bug where `error.email` and other fields were not populated in the Google Sign-In error flow if the user had been disabled using the Firebase Console.
## Version 9.8.1 - May 09, 2022
### Authentication
* Fixed some typings issues that caused compile errors for TypeScript users. See Github issue #6246.
## Version 9.8.0 - May 06, 2022
* As of this version, Internet Explorer 11 is no longer officially supported by the Firebase JavaScript SDK.
* Restored `idb` dependency and increased to the latest version, which supports ESM. This affects Analytics, App Check, Cloud Messaging, Performance Monitoring, and Remote Config. See Github issue #6154.
### Authentication
* Added a `beforeAuthStateChanged()` middleware function which allows you to provide callbacks that are run before an auth state change sets a new user.
### Realtime Database
* Added `forceWebSockets()` and `forceLongPolling()` methods.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a `TransactionOptions` param to the `runTransaction()` method.
## Version 9.7.0 - April 28, 2022
### App Check
* Updated App Check to use `v1` exchange endpoint instead of `v1beta` endpoint for both reCAPTCHA v3 and reCAPTCHA Enterprise.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Added `httpsCallableFromURL()`, which calls a callable function using its URL.
## Version 9.6.11 - April 14, 2022
* Set default IndexedDB transaction mode to `readonly` for IE11 compatibility.
### Realtime Database
* Fixes an issue where if a websocket protocol was used in the `databaseURL`, the `webSocketOnly` field was incorrectly set to undefined. (When using `wss` or `ws` protocols in the `databaseURL`, `webSocketOnly` is true and long polling is disabled). See Github PR #6126.
* Updated compat typings for `Reference` methods. See Github issue #6071.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixes an issue during multi-document lookup that resulted in the IndexedDB error "The parameter is less than or equal to this cursor's". See Github issue #6110.
## Version 9.6.10 - March 24, 2022
* Removed unneeded typings from the internal package `@firebase/util`. These typings caused errors in some projects using both Node.js and TypeScript.
### App Check
* Fixed a bug where `@firebase/app-check-types` was not included as a dependency of `@firebase/app-check-compat`. This could potentially affect TypeScript compilation for users of the `app-check-compat` package.
### Cloud Firestore
* Changed the format of some of the IndexedDB data stored by the Cloud Firestore SDK. This increases the performance of document lookups after an initial migration. If you do not want to migrate data, you can call `clearIndexedDbPersistence()` before invoking `enableIndexedDbPersistence()`.
## Version 9.6.9 - March 17, 2022
* Replaced `idb` dependency with in-house code to fix errors that occur when Node.js or SSR apps target ESM. This includes apps using Angular 13.1+. This fix affects Analytics, App Check, Cloud Messaging, Performance Monitoring, and Remote Config. See Github issue #6042.
## Version 9.6.8 - March 4, 2022
### Cloud Messaging
* Fixed a bug in `onBackgroundMessage()` that caused notifications to display twice. See Github issue #5516.
## Version 9.6.7 - February 17, 2022
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a bug that caused Cloud Firestore streams to get restarted with the same App Check token.
* On browsers that support IndexedDB v3, we now invoke `transaction.commit()` and `IndexedDB.getAll()` to speed up data processing.
* Cloud Firestore queries are now sent to the backend before the SDK starts local processing, which reduces overall `Query` latency.
## Version 9.6.6 - February 3, 2022
### Authentication
* Fixed a bug where the `user.providerData` field was being improperly initialized. See firebaseui-web Github issue #917.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added to the version 9 upgrade guide important details about a potential breaking change in which the property `DocumentSnapshot.exists` has been changed from a property to a method. If your version 8-based app uses the `exists` property, you must refactor your code as part of the upgrade to version 9.
### Cloud Messaging
* Fixed an uncaught rejection in `isSupported()` when the environment does not support IndexedDB's `open()` method. See Github issue #5868.
## Version 8.10.1 - January 28, 2022
Note: This is an emergency security update for any users who are still on
version 8 of the SDK and are unable to migrate to v9. The v8 SDK is updated
only for emergency security fixes, and does not benefit from any other bug
fixes or new features. The latest version of the Firebase JS SDK is still
9.6.5 (see below).
* Updated `node-fetch` dependency due to a security issue (CVE-2022-0235).
## Version 9.6.5 - January 27, 2022
* Updated `node-fetch` dependency due to a security issue (CVE-2022-0235).
### Authentication
* Fixed errors in `auth-compat` when cookies are fully disabled in Chrome. See Github issue #5913.
* Added missing `PhoneMultiFactorInfo` public interface. See Github issue #5922.
* The SDK no longer causes React Native to log a warning about deprecation of `AsyncStorage` if the developer has provided the non-deprecated version. See Github issue #1847.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an App Check issue that caused Cloud Firestore listeners to stop working and receive a "Permission Denied" error. This issue only affected App Check developers that set their expiration time to under an hour. See Github issue #5842.
## Version 9.6.4 - January 20, 2022
### Authentication
* Fixed the error code thrown when the network times out. See Github issue #5874.
* Added `./cordova` and `./react-native` paths to the `exports` field in `package.json`. See Github issue #5878.
### Cloud Messaging
* Changed `exports` paths to always point to `.cjs` bundles when in a Node.js context, since the Cloud Messaging SDK is currently unable to provide ESM bundles for Node.js. See Github issue #5839.
## Version 9.6.3 - January 13, 2022
### Cloud Firestore
* The Node.js SDK now bundles its internal `.proto` files into the code instead of reading them from the filesystem at runtime. This prevents errors like `no such file or directory` in certain types of deployments. See Github issue #5823.
### Cloud Messaging
* Fixed a bug where the `fcmMessageId` field in the message payload was incorrectly defined as `fcm_message_id`.
* Add a CJS bundle for `messaging/sw`. This enables some SSR frameworks to run their Node.js pipelines without erroring. See Github issue #5854.
## Version 9.6.2 - January 7, 2022
### Authentication
* Fix persistence selection in compatibility layer in worker scripts. See Github issue #5791.
### Cloud Firestore
* `FirestoreError` now extends `FirebaseError`. See Github issue #5754.
* Fixed an issue that caused incomplete `Query` snapshots when the SDK is backgrounded during query execution.
### Cloud Storage
* `StorageError` now extends `FirebaseError`. See Github issue #5754.
## Version 9.6.1 - December 9, 2021
### Authentication
* Fixed errors that occurred during initialization of the Authentication SDK when the network is unavailable. See Github issue #5720.
### Cloud Firestore
* Hardcoded the version of grpc-js sent to logs as a temporary fix for `createRequire` issues in the Node.js CJS bundle.
## Version 9.6.0 - December 2, 2021
### Cloud Firestore
* Added support for App Check.
## Version 9.5.0 - November 18, 2021
### Cloud Storage
* Added `getBytes()`, `getStream()` and `getBlob()`, which allow direct file downloads from the SDK. `getStream()` is only available for Node.js and `getBlob()` is only available for browser-like environments.
### App Check
* Reduced the latency of the first `getToken()` call by proactively retrieving a token when App Check is initialized.
* App Check now throttles requests after some error codes to prevent overwhelming the endpoint.
### Cloud Firestore
* The SDK no longer accesses `IndexedDB` during a page unload event on Safari 15. This aims to reduce the occurrence of an `IndexedDB` bug in Safari (https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=226547). See Github issue #5716.
* Updated the Node.js build to work better with Jest. See Github issue #5687.
## Version 9.4.1 - November 11, 2021
### Authentication
* Added `getReactNativePersistence()` as an export from the React Native bundle. See Github issue #1847.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Clear pending timeout after `Promise.race()`. It allows the process to exit immediately in case the SDK is used in Node.js. Otherwise the process waits for the timeout to finish before exiting. See Github issue #5692.
### Cloud Storage
* Clear the global timeout once an operation is done in the Cloud Storage SDK. Otherwise the pending timeout may prevent Node.js from exiting. See Github issue #5628.
## Version 9.4.0 - November 08, 2021
### Realtime Database
* Fixed a packaging issue that broke the Firebase Admin Node.js SDK. see Github issue #1487.
### Cloud Firestore
* Expanded `Firestore.WithFieldValue<T>` to include `T`. This allows developers to delegate `WithFieldValue<T>` inside wrappers of type `T` to avoid exposing Firebase types beyond Firebase-specific logic. see Github issue #5661.
## Version 9.3.0 - November 04, 2021
* Added ESM entry point for Node.js and added `exports` field support to all packages.
### App Check
* Added ReCAPTCHA Enterprise as an attestation option.
### Authentication
* Added the missing `SAMLAuthProvider` to the compatibility layer.
* Fixed bug that caused `onAuthStateChanged` to be fired twice. See Github issue #5685.
## Version 9.2.0 - October 28, 2021
* Added an empty typings file to the `firebase` package to fix autocomplete problems in some IDEs. See Github issue #5649.
### Authentication
* Fixed behavior on subsequent calls to `getRedirectResult()`. See Github issue #5610.
* Fixed the public `AuthError` typing and update the `MultiFactorError` implementation to follow the new standard (where all fields are listed under `customData`).
* Fixed an error raised in Lighthouse reports by adding the attribute `aria-hidden="true"` to the embedded iframe. See Github issue #5631.
* The SDK now exports phone sign-in functionality in the React Native entry point (except for `RecaptchaVerifier`).
* Made the SDK resilient against `localStorage` and `sessionStorage` permissions errors. See Github issue #5618.
* Fixed compatibility layer (`auth-compat`) errors that were being thrown in Safari. See Github issue #5644.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed `exports` fields to also point to ESM builds for Node.js. This change requires Node.js version 10+. See Github issue #5499.
* Added missing compat conversion for `runTransaction`. See Github issue #5627.
* Changed the networking API to use XHR instead of `fetch()` for React Native. See Github issue #1674.
## Version 9.1.3 - October 14, 2021
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed a bug causing an unhandled promise rejection in Node.js when the Cloud Storage client encounters a network error. See Github issue #5372.
## Version 9.1.2 - October 07, 2021
### App Check
* Fixed incorrect typings. See GitHub issue #5569.
* Updated `@firebase/app-check-compat` to correctly export and handle `ReCaptchaV3Provider` and `CustomProvider` classes.
### Authentication
* Calls to `connectAuthEmulator` with the `disableWarnings` flag set to true will no longer cause a `console.info` warning to be printed.
* Fixed a bug in the `OAuthProvider.prototype.credential` method that was preventing the `rawNonce` field from being populated in the returned `OAuthCredential`. See GitHub issue #5553.
* Fixed a bug where `user.tenantId` wasn't being carried over in the `updateCurrentUser` function.
* Fixed an issue in `@firebase/auth-compat` where the SDK tried to access fields from a `undefined` variable.
## Version 9.1.1 - September 30, 2021
### Authentication
* Fixed a bug on iOS causing incorrectly formatted links to be sent in emails. See GitHub issue #5541.
## Version 9.1.0 - September 24, 2021
### Authentication
* All browser persistence implementations such as `indexedDBLocalPersistence` are mapped to `inMemoryPersistence` in Node.js to allow isomorphic code that works well with use cases like server-side rendering.
* `emailVerified` field is now set in the `User` correctly. See GitHub issue #5430.
* Added missing phone `FACTOR_ID` static property to the `PhoneMultiFactorGenerator` class. See GitHub issue #5480.
* Fixed wrongly-typed `tenantId` fields in requests to some endpoints.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a bug where `UpdateData` did not recognize union types or optional, dot-separated string fields.
### Remote Config
* Added an `isSupported()` function. You can use this function to check if the current environment supports Remote Config, and only initialize Remote Config in supported environments.
### Analytics
* Fixed an issue where `isSupported()` throws unexpected errors in certain environments.
### App Check
* Initialization no longer throws runtime errors in Node.js.
* Debug mode check is delayed till `initializeAppCheck()` is called.
### Cloud Messaging
* Fixed an issue where `isSupported()` throws unexpected errors in certain environments.
### Performance Monitoring
* Fixed an issue where `isSupported()` throws unexpected errors in certain environments.
### Testing SDK
* Fixed typing issues where `Database`/`Firestore`/`Storage` compat instances returned by `RulesTestContext` are not compatible with v9 modular APIs.
* Set `RTDB` namespace to be same as `projectId` by default instead of `${projectId}-default-rtdb`. This fixes rules not being applied and other issues related to namespace mismatch.
## Version 9.0.2 - September 9, 2021
### Authentication
* Fixed a bug where custom errors from blocking functions were being dropped. See GitHub issue #5386.
* Removed `const enum`s from the public typings file.
### Cloud Firestore
* Improved the error handling when the SDK encounters a failure opening IndexedDB in a Firefox private browsing session. See GitHub issue #5377.
* Fixed a deadlock during asynchronous initialization of both Cloud Firestore and Authentication. See GitHub issue #5402.
* Fixed the behavior of `collection()` when passed multiple path segment strings. See GitHub issue #5431.
* Added a temporary workaround for a bug causing `initializeFirestore()` to throw errors when used in certain build pipelines, such as the default production build for Create React App. See GitHub issue #5384.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* The SDK now omits sending an App Check token header to the Cloud Functions endpoint if there is no valid App Check token to send.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed a bug that incorrectly threw an error when using `refFromUrl()` with `connectStorageEmulator()`. See Github issue #3715 in firebase-tools.
## Version 9.0.1 - August 30, 2021
* Fixed `.cjs` builds that caused errors in Node.js use cases, such as using SSR in AngularFire. See GitHub PR #5400.
* Fixed a typing issue in `@firebase/app-compat`. See GitHub issue #5382.
* Fixed incorrect import of `node-fetch` polyfill that caused uncaught exceptions when using Cloud Storage and the `firestore/lite` package from Cloud Firestore.
### Authentication
* Fixed a typing issue caused by a missing constructor for `OAuthProvider`.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added export fields to make `firestore/lite` available in Node.js. See GitHub PR #5400.
* Fixed incorrect import of `node-fetch` polyfill that caused uncaught exceptions when using `firestore/lite`.
## Version 9.0.0 - August 25, 2021
* This release introduces the new modular API, which enables tree-shaking, bundle size reduction, and other benefits. See SDK versions 8 and 9 for more details. Users of version 8 will need to update their code in order for it to still work with version 9.0.0 and higher. We have provided a compat package to make this migration easier. See the upgrade guide for instructions for upgrading from version 8 or the setup guide for instructions for getting started from scratch with version 9+.
### Cloud Messaging
* FCM now provides delivery data export to BigQuery as an Alpha feature. See Enable message delivery data export.
### Cloud Firestore
* This release introduces Firestore Lite, a lightweight, standalone REST-only Firestore SDK that supports single document fetches, query execution, and document updates, at a fraction of the regular Web SDK size. See Cloud Firestore Lite Web SDK.
## Version 8.10.0 - August 19, 2021
* Added or updated the `mockUserToken` option provided to the `useEmulator()` functions in Realtime Database, Cloud Firestore, and Cloud Storage. The details for each product are below.
### Realtime Database
* Allow `useEmulator()` to also accept a string for its `mockUserToken` option.
### Cloud Firestore
* Allow `useEmulator()` to also accept a string for its `mockUserToken` option.
### Cloud Storage
* Add an options object containing `mockUserToken` as a param for `useEmulator()`.
* Changed `ref()` so it does not throw if given a path string that contains `..`.
### Cloud Messaging
* Exposed the `messageId` property on `MessagePayload`.
### Testing SDK
* Fixed JWT encoding bug that broke interoperability with the Cloud Storage emulator.
## Version 8.9.1 - August 10, 2021
### App Check
* Fixed typings on params passed to `activate()`.
## Version 8.9.0 - August 5, 2021
### Analytics
* Fixed formatting of documentation comments and updated some event typings to correctly match Google Analytics 4 specs.
### App Check
* Add `RecaptchaV3Provider` and `CustomProvider` classes that can be supplied as params to `firebase.appCheck().activate()`.
### Cloud Storage
* Added a browser CJS build as `./dist/index.browser.cjs.js`. This change was primarily to prevent breaking the Emulator UI.
## Version 8.8.1 - July 29, 2021
* Added a missing dependency in the `@firebase/app-types` package.
## Version 8.8.0 - July 22, 2021
### Analytics
* Added `firebase_screen` and `firebase_screen_class` to `logEvent()` overload for `screen_view` events. These fields are required to log `screen_view` events correctly to Analytics.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed sending of Authentication tokens in Node.js. This bug affected Admin SDK users who have App Check enforced.
### Cloud Firestore
* The SDK no longer accesses IndexedDB during a page unload event on Safari 14. This aims to reduce the occurrence of an IndexedDB bug in Safari (https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=226547). See GitHub issue #4076.
* Fixed an issue that prevented `Date` objects from being used via `update()` when connected to the Cloud Firestore emulator.
### Cloud Storage
* Added Node.js support to Cloud Storage for Firebase. This release changes the `main` field in `package.json` to point to a Node-specific build. If you are building a bundle for browser usage, make sure that your bundler uses the `browser` field (this is usually the default).
## Version 8.7.1 - July 8, 2021
### Realtime Database
* In Node.js, always send Authentication and App Check tokens when they are available.
## Version 8.7.0 - July 1, 2021
### App Check
* Added a `getToken()` method that returns an App Check token asynchronously.
* Added an `onTokenChanged()` method that adds listeners to App Check token changes.
* Fixed an error causing `HTTP status 429` errors in debug mode. See GitHub issue #5052.
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where Cloud Firestore didn't detect Authentication, which led to permission denied errors. See GitHub issue #4932.
## Version 8.6.8 - June 17, 2021
### Authentication
* Fixed a bug where `linkWithPopup`, `linkWithRedirect`, `reauthenticateWithPopup`, and `reauthenticateWithRedirect` weren't correctly picking up the emulator configuration. See GitHub issue #4879.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a bug that caused `Uncaught TypeError: e.auth.addAuthTokenListener is not a function`. See GitHub issue #5018.
## Version 8.6.7 - June 10, 2021
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression that prevented Cloud Firestore from detecting the Authentication service during initialization, which prevented some writes from being sent.
## Version 8.6.5 - June 4, 2021
* Fixed an error where `firebase.SDK_VERSION` did not always contain the correct version number.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where `FetchXmlHttpFactory` was not available.
## Version 8.6.4 - June 3, 2021
Caution: Version 8.6.4 contains an issue that causes crashes in Cloud
Firestore. If you use Cloud Firestore, upgrade to version 8.6.5 or later.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* JavaScript `Date` objects are now serialized to an ISO string instead of an empty object.
## Version 8.6.3 - May 27, 2021
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an `"index not defined"` error that sometimes occurred during a `get()` call on an `orderByChild` query.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a warning message when `settings()` is used to override the original value of `host` without also setting `{merge: true}`.
## Version 8.6.2 - May 20, 2021
### Cloud Firestore
* Use `pagehide` event for page termination by default, instead of `unload`. See docs on `pagehide` vs `unload`.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Fixed a bug in `httpsCallable()` when it is used in the same project as Cloud Messaging. See GitHub issue #4909.
### Testing SDK
* Prevent `useEmulators()` from erroring when only the `storage` field is populated in the options parameter.
## Version 8.6.1 - May 12, 2021
* Fixed a bug that caused crashes in Cloud Storage, Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK, and Realtime Database when using the all-in-one `firebase` import, as in `import firebase from 'firebase'`.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue that could cause `once()` to fire more than once if the value was modified inside its callback.
## Version 8.6.0 - May 11, 2021
Caution: Version 8.6.0 contains an issue that causes crashes in Cloud Storage,
Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK, and Realtime Database when using the
all-in-one `firebase` import. If you use these products, upgrade to version
8.6.1 or later.
### App Check
* Published the App Check package.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed typings for `useEmulator`.
### Testing SDK
* Added support for Cloud Storage emulator.
## Version 8.5.0 - May 5, 2021
### Realtime Database
* `useEmulator` now accepts an optional `mockUserToken`.
### Cloud Firestore
* `useEmulator` now accepts an optional `mockUserToken`.
## Version 8.4.3 - April 29, 2021
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue that prevented the SDK from firing cancel events for Firebase Security Rules violations. See GitHub issue #4818.
* Fixes a regression introduced in version 8.4.1 that broke `useEmulator()`. See GitHub issue #4811.
## Version 8.4.2 - April 23, 2021
* Fixed outdated `peerDependencies`.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where errors from `grpc` are thrown directly to user code. Now they are wrapped in `FirestoreError`.
* Fixed an issue where an empty `X-Firebase-GMPID` header is sent in the request when `appId` is not available. See GitHub issue #4795.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed the infinite recursion caused by the `FirebaseStorageError` message getter.
## Version 8.4.1 - April 13, 2021
### Realtime Database
* Fixed a build issue that caused SDK breakage.
## Version 8.4.0 - April 12, 2021
### Cloud Storage
* Added a `storage().useEmulator()` method to enable emulator mode for storage. This allows you to set a storage emulator host and port.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a bug where decimal inputs to `Timestamp.fromMillis()` were calculated incorrectly due to floating point precision loss.
## Version 8.3.3 - April 08, 2021
* This update only includes internal refactoring.
## Version 8.3.2 - March 31, 2021
* This update includes internal refactoring.
## Version 8.3.1 - March 18, 2021
* Fixed a bug caused by an outdated version of the `tslib` dependency. See GitHub issue #4633.
## Version 8.3.0 - March 10, 2021
### Cloud Firestore
* Added support to remove the `FirestoreDataConverter` on a `Firestore` reference by calling `withConverter(null)`
## Version 8.2.10 - March 4, 2021
### Analytics
* Fixed typings for `analytics().logEvent()` so that the `eventParams` argument is correctly typed as optional.
## Version 8.2.9 - February 19, 2021
* API update for an internal package. There is no change in the public API.
## Version 8.2.8 - February 18, 2021
### Analytics
* Fixed a behavior causing `gtag.js` to be downloaded twice on Firebase Analytics initialization. See GitHub issue #2628.
## Version 8.2.7 - February 11, 2021
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue with `Query.get()` where `Query` filters were not applied to data in some cases.
* Added the missing type definitions for `startAfter()` and `endBefore()`.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a bug where local cache inconsistencies were unnecessarily being resolved.
* Fixed the path to the react native memory-only build.
## Version 8.2.6 - February 04, 2021
### Authentication
* Fixed a bug where UTF-8 encoded strings were not decoded in `getIdTokenResult`. See GitHub issue #4174.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue with `startAfter`/`endBefore` when used in `orderByKey` queries.
### Cloud Firestore
* Correctly handle `ignoreUndefinedProperties` in `set({ merge: true })`. Previously this would behave as if the undefined value were `FieldValue.delete()`, which wasn't intended.
## Version 8.2.5 - January 28, 2021
### Realtime Database
* When issued for queries that are being listened to, `get()` calls no longer send backend requests.
### Cloud Firestore
* Classes like `DocumentReference` and `Query` can now be serialized to JSON. See GitHub issue #4258.
## Version 8.2.4 - January 21, 2021
### Realtime Database
* Added `startAfter` and `endBefore` filters for paginating Realtime Database queries.
### Authentication
* Added the `useEmulator()` function and `emulatorConfig` to the `firebase` package externs.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an error that caused `FirestoreDataConverter.fromFirestore()` to be called with an incorrect `QueryDocumentSnapshot` object. See GitHub issue #4278
## Version 8.2.3 - January 14, 2021
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue that caused `refFromUrl()` to reject production database URLs when `useEmulator()` was used.
## Version 8.2.2 - January 7, 2021
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue with multiple database instances when using the Realtime Database emulator. See GitHub issue #3681
### Cloud Firestore
* Updated an outdated error message to include `!=` and `not-in` as inequality operators. See GitHub issue #4253
* Fixed an issue in the Transaction API that caused the SDK to return invalid `DocumentReference` objects through `DocumentSnapshot.data()` calls. See GitHub issue #4226
## Version 8.2.1 - December 17, 2020
### Authentication
* Updated auth token logic to rely on device clock time instead of server time. This fixes an issue seen when a device's clock is skewed by a lot: see GitHub issue #3222
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue that prevented the SDK from automatically retrieving custom claims for a `User`. See GitHub issue #4175
## Version 8.2.0 - December 11, 2020
### Authentication
* Added an option to hide the banner in Auth when using the emulator.
### Cloud Firestore
* Released Firestore Bundles (pre-packaged Firestore data). For NPM users, this can be enabled via an additional import: `firebase/firestore/bundle`. For CDN usage, it is enabled by default.
* A write to a document that contains `FieldValue` transforms is no longer split up into two separate operations. This reduces the number of writes the backend performs and allows each `WriteBatch` to hold 500 writes regardless of how many `FieldValue` transformations are attached.
### Performance Monitoring
* Changed to dispatch no more than 1000 collected performance events for each network request. Events over the cap will be queued and sent with the next dispatch.
## Version 8.1.2 - December 3, 2020
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue with IndexedDB retry logic causing uncaught errors.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a bug that prevented usage of `FieldPath` objects with multiple special characters.
* Fixes an issue that returned invalid `DocumentReference` instances from `QuerySnapshot` objects. See GitHub issue #4125
### Testing SDK
* Fixed `assertFails` not recognizing `permission-denied` errors from Realtime Database.
## Version 8.1.1 - November 19, 2020
### Realtime Database
* Added the missing type definition for `Query.get()`.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue that prevented `experimentalAutoDetectLongPolling` from working correctly.
## Version 8.1.0 - November 19, 2020
### Realtime Database
* We have identified an issue in the newly added `Query.get()` API. This causes data to be returned which doesn't match the Query filters. We are working on providing a fix.
* Added a database query `get` method that returns server results when connected.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression introduced in v8.0.2 that returned invalid values for `DocumentChange.newIndex`. See GitHub issue #4071
## Version 8.0.2 - November 12, 2020
### Authentication
* The SDK now retries IndexedDB errors a fixed number of times to handle connection issues in mobile WebKit. Fixes GitHub issue #1926.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue that caused `DocumentReference` objects in `DocumentSnapshot` instances to be returned with the custom converter of the original `DocumentReference`.
## Version 8.0.1 - November 5, 2020
### Cloud Messaging
* Fixed an issue where a silent-push warning was displayed along with the message shown by `ServiceWorkerRegistration.showNotification`. Added a timeout for the `onBackgroundMessage` hook so that silent-push warnings won't show if `ServiceWorkerRegistration.showNotification` is called inside the hook within 1 second. See GitHub issue #3725.
### Testing SDK
* Added a `withFunctionTriggersDisabled` method which runs a user-provided setup function with emulated Cloud Functions triggers disabled. This can be used to import data into the Realtime Database or Cloud Firestore emulators without triggering locally emulated functions. This method only works with Firebase CLI version 8.13.0 or higher.
## Version 8.0.0 - October 26, 2020
* Breaking change: `browser` fields in package.json files now point to ESM bundles instead of CJS bundles. Users who are using ESM imports must now use the default import instead of a namespace import.
Before 8.0.0
import * as firebase from 'firebase/app'
After 8.0.0
import firebase from 'firebase/app'
Code that uses `require('firebase/app')` or `require('firebase')` will still
work, but in order to get proper typings (for code completion, for example)
users should change these `require` calls to `require('firebase/app').default`
or `require('firebase').default`. This is because the SDK now uses typings for
the ESM bundle, and the different bundles share one typings file.
### Cloud Firestore
* Removed the undocumented `Firestore.logLevel` property.
* Breaking change: Removed deprecated `experimentalTabSynchronization` settings. To enable multi-tab synchronization, use `synchronizeTabs` instead.
* This release removes runtime type validations that are covered by TypeScript. Developers can use our TypeScript types to validate API usage.
* Breaking change: Removed the `timestampsInSnapshots` option from `FirestoreSettings`. Now, Cloud Firestore always returns `Timestamp` values for all timestamp values.
* Added a `useEmulator(host, port)` method to Cloud Firestore.
* Removed excess validation of null and NaN values in query filters. This more closely aligns the SDK with the Cloud Firestore backend, which has always accepted null and NaN for all operators.
### Cloud Storage
* This release removes runtime type validations that are covered by TypeScript. Developers can use our TypeScript types to validate API usage.
### Realtime Database
* Added a `useEmulator(host, port)` method to Realtime Database.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Added a `useEmulator(host, port)` method to the Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK.
## Version 7.24.0 - October 15, 2020
### Authentication
* Added the ability to configure the SDK to communicate with the Firebase Emulator.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a new `experimentalAutoDetectLongPolling` to `FirestoreSettings`. When enabled, the SDK's underlying transport layer automatically detects if long-polling should be used. This is very similar to `experimentalForceLongPolling`, but only uses long-polling if required.
* Fixed a potential issue in our internal queue that could have allowed API calls to be executed out of order.
### Testing SDK
* Changed to not delete the `uid` property from user auth object in `initializeTestApp()`. See GitHub issue #3920.
* Fixed the typing for custom claims.
## Version 7.23.0 - October 8, 2020
### Analytics
* The SDK now warns instead of throwing an error if it detects a browser environment where Analytics does not work.
### Cloud Firestore
* The SDK now includes more information in the error message for failed IndexedDB transactions.
### Performance Monitoring
* Moved the `loggingEnabled` check to wait until performance initialization finishes, which prevents the SDK from dropping custom traces right after getting the `performance` object.
* Throws an exception when `startTime` or `duration` is not a positive value in the `trace.record()` API.
### Testing SDK
* Added stronger types to the `options.auth` option for `initializeTestApp()`.
## Version 7.22.1 - October 5, 2020
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Fixed a bug introduced in 7.21.1 that causes callable functions to throw an error in some environments.
## Version 7.22.0 - October 1, 2020
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Users can now set a custom domain for callable functions.
## Version 7.21.1 - September 24, 2020
Caution: Versions 7.21.1 and 7.22.0 contain an issue in the Cloud Functions
for Firebase Client SDK that causes callable functions to throw an error. If
you use callable functions, upgrade to version 7.22.1 or later.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue that prevented `waitForPendingWrites()` from resolving in background tabs when multi-tab is used. See GitHub issue #3816.
* Fixed a "Comparison with -0" lint warning for customers that build from source. See GitHub issue #3814.
### Authentication
* Fixed an encoding issue in the Authentication CDN script for environments that require UTF-8, for example, Chrome extensions. See GitHub issue #414.
## Version 7.21.0 - September 17, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Added `not-in` and `!=` query operators for use with `.where()`.
* `not-in` finds documents where a specified field’s value is not in a specified array.
* `!=` finds documents where a specified field's value does not equal the specified value. Neither query operator will match documents where the specified field is not present.
* The SDK now uses `FirestoreError` instead of `Error` in `onSnapshot*()` error callbacks.
* Fixed a bug where `CollectionReference.add()` called `FirestoreDataConverter.toFirestore()` twice instead of once. See GitHub issue #3742
### Realtime Database
* Fixed detection of Admin SDK context.
### Testing SDK
* Fixed a bug preventing users from testing Realtime Database with both the Admin SDK and the client JS SDK.
## Version 7.20.0 - September 10, 2020
### Analytics
* For apps using v7.20.0 and later, Firebase dynamically fetches the `measurementId` when your app initializes Analytics. Having this ID in your Firebase config object is optional, but it does serve as a fallback in the rare case that the dynamic fetch fails. Learn more about this field in the Analytics getting started page.
### Realtime Database
* The SDK can now infer a default database URL if none is provided in the config.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a bug where, if a user change happened while the network connection was disabled, the client did not raise snapshots from cache.
### Cloud Messaging
* The SDK no longer opens non-origin links, fixing a potential security issue.
## Version 7.19.1 - August 27, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Added `merge` option to `firestore.settings()`, which merges the provided settings with settings from a previous call. This addresses GitHub issue #3354.
### Testing SDK
* Fixed an issue with `assertFails()`. See GitHub issue #3671
## Version 7.19.0 - August 20, 2020
### Testing SDK
* Released `@firebase/rules-unit-testing` to replace the `@firebase/testing` package. The new package is API compatible but has the following breaking behavior changes:
* `assertFails()` now fails only on `PERMISSION DENIED` errors, not any error.
* `initializeAdminApp()` now relies on `firebase-admin` rather than imitating the Admin SDK.
### Performance Monitoring
* Adds a check to silently prevent Performance Monitoring from initializing if the required `indexedDB.open()` API is not available in the environment.
### Cloud Firestore
* `terminate()` can now be retried if it fails with an IndexedDB exception. See GitHub issue #2755.
* Enabled fallback for auto-generated identifiers in environments that support `crypto` but not `crypto.getRandomValues`. See GitHub PR #3487.
## Version 7.18.0 - August 13, 2020
### Cloud Messaging
* Added `onBackgroundMessage`, which is called regardless of whether or not a notification is displayed.
* `getToken` now accepts an options object that includes an optional vapid key and an optional service worker registration.
* Deprecated `setBackgroundMessageHandler`. Use the new API `onBackgroundMessage` instead.
* Deprecated `useVapidKey` and `useServiceWorker`. Use `getToken` to set these values instead.
* Deprecated `onTokenRefresh` which is a no-op API currently.
### Cloud Firestore
* The SDK no longer crashes with the error "The database connection is closing". Instead, the individual operations that cause this error may be rejected. Addresses GitHub issue #3495.
* Fixed a bug that caused slow retries for IndexedDB operations even when a webpage re-entered the foreground.
### Analytics
* `analytics.isSupported()` now returns `Promise<false>` for extension environments.
## Version 7.17.2 - August 6, 2020
### Realtime Database
* Added interface `Database` which is implemented by `FirebaseDatabase`. This allows consumer SDKs (such as the Firebase Admin SDK) to export Realtime Database types as an interface.
### Cloud Firestore
* Upgraded to the latest version of Google Closure Library and Compiler. Developers will not need to make any changes to their code to handle this change.
## Version 7.17.1 - July 24, 2020
### Analytics
* Added an omitted dependency update that caused Analytics to error on initialization. Addresses GitHub issue #3469.
## Version 7.17.0 - July 23, 2020
Caution: Version 7.17.0 contains an issue that prevents Analytics from
initializing. Please upgrade to version 7.17.1 or later.
### Analytics
* Added an `analytics.isSupported()` method which returns true if the current browser context supports Analytics. This can used in a conditional to prevent initialization of Analytics in environments that don't support it. This check also automatically runs when Analytics is initialized (`firebase.analytics()`) and if it finds an unsupported environment, throws an error advising developers to use `isSupported()`. Addresses GitHub issue #2393.
### Cloud Storage
* Error messages for backend errors now include the backend's response message.
## Version 7.16.1 - July 16, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* The SDK no longer crashes if an `IndexedDB` failure occurs when unsubscribing from a `Query`.
* Removed a delay that prevented Firestore from immediately reestablishing a network connection if a connectivity change occurred while the app was in the background.
### Realtime Database
* Instead of using production auth, the SDK will use test credentials to connect to the Emulator when Realtime Database is used via the Firebase Admin SDK. Fixes GitHub issue #3144.
### Cloud Storage
* Updated the TypeScript types for all APIs using `Observer`s to allow callback omission. Fixes GitHub issue #3158.
### Authentication
* Added the `browser` field in package.json.
## Version 7.16.0 - July 09, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Added support for `set()` with merge options when using `FirestoreDataConverter`.
* Re-added the React Native bundle, which allows Cloud Firestore to be used without `btoa/atob` polyfills.
* Removed internal wrapper around our public API that was meant to prevent incorrect SDK usage for JavaScript users, but caused the SDK to stop working in IE11. See GitHub issue #3305.
### FCM
* Fixed an issue where we tried to update the token for every `getToken()` call because we don't save the updated token in the `IndexedDB`.
* Fixed an RxJS incompatibility issue by adding support for `onMessage` so the internal callback can work with RxJS's `Subscriber`. See GitHub issue #3142.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Clear timeout after a successful response or after the request is canceled. Fixes GitHub issue #3289.
## Version 7.15.5 - June 25, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a bug that sometimes caused Cloud Firestore operations to fail during an auth token change. See GitHub issue #3179
## Version 7.15.4 - June 20, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Removed the React Native entry point due to an issue in our internal library. For Cloud Firestore in React Native, use the browser build and add necessary polyfills. See GitHub issue #2667
## Version 7.15.3 - June 19, 2020
Caution: Version 7.15.3 contains an issue that prevents Cloud Firestore from
working in React Native. Please upgrade to 7.15.4 or later.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue that prevented Cloud Firestore from working in React Native. See GitHub issue #2667
## Version 7.15.2 - June 18, 2020
### Realtime Database
* Added an internal HTTP header to the WebSocket connection.
### Cloud Firestore
* Updated `grpc-js` to version `^1.0.0`.
## Version 7.15.1 - June 11, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue that prevented the client from connecting to the backend immediately after a user signed in. See GitHub issue #2923.
* Fixed a regression introduced in PR #3048 that changed the `context.path` variable from `Path|null` to `undefined|null`. See GitHub issue #3172.
## Version 7.15.0 - June 04, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Added an `experimentalForceOwningTab` setting that can be used to enable persistence in environments without `localStorage`, which allows persistence to be used in Web Workers. See GitHub issue #983.
* All known failure cases for `IndexedDB`-related crashes have now been addressed. Instead of crashing the client, `IndexedDB` failures result in rejected operations (for example, rejected `Writes` or errored `Query` listeners). If these rejections surface in your app, you can retry these operations when `IndexedDB` access is restored. `IndexedDB` failures that occur due to background work are automatically retried.
If you continue to see `IndexedDB`-related crashes, please provide feedback
GitHub issue #2755.
## Version 7.14.6 - May 29, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue that could cause Cloud Firestore to temporarily go offline when a Window visibility event occurred.
* Added support for calling `FirebaseFirestore.settings` with `{ ignoreUndefinedProperties: true }`. When this parameter is set, Cloud Firestore ignores undefined properties inside objects rather than rejecting the API call.
## Version 7.14.5 - May 21, 2020
### Realtime Database
* Fixed a Realtime Database URL parsing bug to support domains with more than 3 components.
## Version 7.14.4 - May 14, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression introduced in v7.14.2 that incorrectly applied a `FieldValue.increment` in combination with `set({...}, {merge: true})`.
## Version 7.14.3 - May 07, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Cloud Firestore now rejects `onSnapshot()` listeners if they cannot be registered in `IndexedDB`. Previously, these errors crashed the client.
## Version 7.14.2 - April 23, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Firestore now rejects write operations if they cannot be persisted in IndexedDB. Previously, these errors crashed the client.
* Fixed a source of IndexedDB-related crashes for tabs that receive multi-tab notifications while the file system is locked.
### FCM
* Changed to compare hostname instead of the entire URL to decide if there is a matching window client. See GitHub issue #390.
## Version 7.14.1 - April 16, 2020
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed an issue that occurred when users tried to retrieve data from multiple Cloud Storage instances.
### Authentication
* Fixed an bug that occurred when users set persistence to `LOCAL` in a worker environment. See GitHub issue #2903.
## Version 7.14.0 - April 9, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Replaced `grpc` with `@grpc/grpc-js` in the Node.js builds. As a result, the minimum supported NodeJS version is now `8.13.0`.
### Realtime Database
* Added `ServerValue.increment()` to support atomic field value increments without transactions.
### Performance Monitoring
* Updated internal performance event transport mechanism.
## Version 7.13.2 - April 2, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression introduced by a crypto change in 7.13.0 that breaks Firestore in IE 11. See GitHub issue #2827.
* Fixed an issue that causes excessive reads in large changesets over slow connections. See GitHub issue #2683.
* Fixed an issue causing `WriteBatch.commit()` to resolve one loop later than `.set` and `.update`. See GitHub issue #2822.
### FCM
* Fixed an issue introduced in 7.7.0, when FCM switched to provide base64-encoded VAPID keys to PushManager for push subscription. For backward compatibility, the SDK has switched back to using VAPID keys in type ArrayBuffer. See Github issue #2712.
## Version 7.13.1 - March 27, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Removed a dangling comma in package.json.
## Version 7.13.0 - March 26, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a memory-only `firestore` build. Instead of persisting data in the `IndexedDB`, it keeps it in memory. This build is about 14% smaller than the full featured build because it doesn't have `IndexedDB` related code. If you don't care about persisting data across sessions, or your code runs in environments that don't support `IndexedDB`, use this build to reduce your application size. It is available under a special import path. You can import it this way:
import * as firebase from 'firebase/app';
import 'firebase/firestore/memory';
// Don't change the format for any other products.
import 'firebase/auth';
// etc.
Or if using the CDN:
<script src="https://www.gstatic.com/firebasejs/7.13.0/firebase-app.js"></script>
<script src="https://www.gstatic.com/firebasejs/7.13.0/firebase-firestore.memory.js"></script>
<!-- Don't change the format for any other products. -->
<script src="https://www.gstatic.com/firebasejs/7.13.0/firebase-auth.js"></script>
<!-- etc. -->
### Analytics
* Added convenient enums and function overloads to support enhanced ecommerce events.
## Version 7.12.0 - March 19, 2020
* Added two methods for logging:
* `firebase.setLogLevel()`, which sets the level above which Firebase log messages will be shown.
* `firebase.onLog()`, which adds a user-specified callback run on each log event. The callback has access to log level, message, and name of the package (e.g. "@firebase/firestore") that generated the log message.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where the number value `-0.0` would lose its sign when stored in Cloud Firestore.
## Version 7.11.0 - March 12, 2020
### Authentication
* Added multi-factor authentication support for Google Cloud Identity Platform projects.
## Version 7.10.0 - March 5, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Implemented `Timestamp.valueOf()` so that `Timestamp` objects can be compared for relative ordering using the JavaScript arithmetic comparison operators. Fixes GitHub issue #2632.
## Version 7.9.3 - February 28, 2020
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed an issue introduced in 7.9.2 where Cloud Storage could throw a CORS error (GitHub issue).
## Version 7.9.2 - February 27, 2020
Caution: This build introduced a regression where Cloud Storage could throw a
CORS error (GitHub issue). Please upgrade to 7.9.3 or later.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where `OnlineState` value was mangled and was not being parsed correctly.
## Version 7.9.1 - February 21, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue introduced in 7.9.0 where minified Cloud Firestore Node and CJS bundles do not work.
## Version 7.9.0 - February 20, 2020
Caution: This build introduced a regression where Node and CJS bundles for
Cloud Firestore do not work. Please upgrade to 7.9.1 or later.
### Cloud Firestore
* The minified version of the Cloud Firestore library, added as an experimental option in 7.8.0, is now the default Cloud Firestore bundle. The steps listed in the 7.8.0 release notes are no longer necessary to get the minified bundle. This minification currently reduces the total bundle size by approximately 15% as of this build.
* Fixed an issue where auth credentials were not respected in Cordova environments. See Github issue #2626.
* Fixed a performance regression introduced by the addition of `Query.limitToLast(n: number)` in Firestore 1.7.0 (Firebase 7.3.0). See Github issue #2620.
### FCM
* Fix an issue where service workers do not reliably update after upgrading to a new version of Firebase. See Github issue #2590.
## Version 7.8.2 - February 13, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where `CollectionReference.add()` would reject custom types when using `withConverter()`. Github issue #2606.
## Version 7.8.1 - February 6, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Fix a bug causing intermittent errors when the same app is open in multiple tabs. Addresses Github issue #2555.
## Version 7.8.0 - January 30, 2020
Caution: The minified bundle is no longer provided as a separate file starting
with 7.9.0, but replaces the default bundle. These instructions are not needed
to import the minified bundle in versions 7.9.0 and above.
### Cloud Firestore
* Experimental: Added an alternative minified import for the `firestore` package. Users who want to try this experimental import can do it this way:
import * as firebase from 'firebase/app';
import '@firebase/firestore/dist/index.cjs.min';
// Don't change the format for any other products.
import 'firebase/auth';
// etc.
Or if using the CDN:
<script src="https://www.gstatic.com/firebasejs/7.8.0/firebase-app.js"></script>
<script src="https://www.gstatic.com/firebasejs/7.8.0/firebase-firestore.min.js"></script>
<!-- Don't change the format for any other products. -->
<script src="https://www.gstatic.com/firebasejs/7.8.0/firebase-auth.js"></script>
<!-- etc. -->
## Version 7.7.0 - January 16, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where auth credentials were not respected in some Firefox or Chrome extensions. See Github issue #1491.
* Firestore previously required that every document read in a transaction must also be written. This requirement has been removed, and you can now read a document in a transaction without writing to it.
### Performance Monitoring
* Updated internal transport protocol from proto2 to proto3.
### Authentication
* Added missing constructor for `SAMLAuthProvider` type.
## Version 7.6.2 - January 9, 2020
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Fixed a bug causing notification permissions requests to pop up when using `functions.httpsCallable()`.
### Realtime Database
* Reverted a change causing slow update performance as reported in Github issue #2487.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where auth credentials were not respected in certain browser environments (Electron 7, IE11 in trusted zone, UWP apps). Addresses Github issue #1491.
## Version 7.6.1 - December 18, 2019
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an internal typing issue where the library `firebase-admin`, which depends on `@firebase/database`, failed to compile.
## Version 7.6.0 - December 12, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Added support for storing and retrieving custom types in Cloud Firestore. Added support for strongly typed collections, documents, and queries. You can now use `withConverter()` to supply a custom data converter that will convert between Cloud Firestore data and your custom type.
* Added a stronger environment check that specifically checks for the existence of `process.env`. Addresses Github issue #2404.
### FCM
* `getToken()` now automatically requests notification permission if permission was set to "default".
* Temporarily suppressing errors occurring on reset of notifications permissions, pending a backend solution. Addresses Github issue #2364.
### Testing SDK
* Fixed a bug where Testing SDK was unable to connect to the Cloud Firestore emulator. Addresses Github issue #2417.
## Version 7.5.2 - December 6, 2019
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue introduced in 7.5.1 where `@firebase/component` is not listed as a dependency. It caused "Cannot find module `@firebase/component`" in the `firebase-admin` package, which depends on Realtime Database.
## Version 7.5.1 - December 5, 2019
* Fixed an issue where typing `undefined` in the IDE prompts to auto-import it from the firebase package. Addresses #2203 (GitHub link). Thanks camsjams for the contribution!
* Fixed a bug where RxFire's `objectVal` will return an empty object if the result of `snapshot.val()` is not an object.
### Remote Config
* Fixed a bug where the promises returned by `fetch()` and `fetchAndActivate()` were not rejected with errors caused by `indexeddb` operations. You can now handle these errors in the error handler of the returned promise.
## Version 7.5.0 - November 21, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Improved the performance of repeatedly executed queries when persistence is enabled. Recently executed queries should see dramatic improvements. This benefit is reduced if changes accumulate while the query is inactive. Queries that use the `limit()` API may not always benefit, depending on the accumulated changes.
## Version 7.4.0 - November 14, 2019
### Authentication
* Added nonce support for sign-in with OIDC ID token credentials.
* Added the OAuth sign-in support for apps served from origins with the `ionic://` scheme for latest Ionic framework.
### Analytics
* Fixed a bug where Analytics did not work with Google Tag Manager on the same page.
### Cloud Firestore
* The `in` query operator now accepts nested arrays.
## Version 7.3.0 - November 7, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Added `in` and `array-contains-any` query operators for use with `.where()`. The `in` operator finds documents where a specified field’s value is in a specified array. The `array-contains-any` operator finds documents where a specified field is an array and contains any element of a specified array.
* Added `Query.limitToLast(n: number)` which returns the last `n` documents as the result.
## Version 7.2.3 - October 31, 2019
* Improved error handling in installations calls.
### Cloud Firestore
* The client can now recover if certain periodic IndexedDB operations fail. Addresses #2232 (GitHub link).
### Analytics
* Added missing overload signatures for `logEvent` when using standard event names `add_payment_info` and `page_view`.
## Version 7.2.2 - October 24, 2019
* Fixed a change detection bug in rxFire.
* Switched to `ref.isEqual` when comparing documents to support collection groups for Cloud Firestore in rxFire.
### Cloud Firestore
* Improved iOS 13 support by eliminating an additional crash in our IndexedDB persistence layer.
## Version 7.2.1 - October 16, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a crash on iOS 13 that occurred when persistence was enabled in a background tab.
* Fixed an issue in the interaction with the Firestore Emulator that caused requests with timestamps to fail.
## Version 7.2.0 - October 10, 2019
* The `Installations.getToken()` method now accept an optional `forceRefresh` parameter.
### Remote Config
* Corrected the path of the `main` script in `package.json` file.
## Version 7.1.0 - October 3, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a `Firestore.onSnapshotsInSync()` method that notifies you when all your snapshot listeners are in sync with each other.
* Fixed a regression that caused queries with nested field filters to crash the client if the field was not present in the local copy of the document.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue that caused large numeric values with leading zeros to not always be sorted correctly.
### Analytics
* Fixed a bug where `firebase.analytics()` was not available when importing firebase as an all-in-one package.
* The `eventParams` param to `logEvent()` is now optional.
## Version 7.0.0 - September 26, 2019
* Breaking change: For TypeScript users, the required minimal TypeScript version is 2.8.0.
### FCM
* Breaking change: version 7.0.0 introduces a new service related to client app instance registration. If you are currently using FCM for web and want to upgrade to SDK 7.0.0 or later, you must enable the FCM Registration API for your project in the Google Cloud Console.
When you enable this service, make sure you are logged in to Cloud Console
with the same Google account you use for Firebase, and make sure to select the
correct project.
Please also make sure that `projectId`, `apiKey`, `appId` and
`messagingSenderId` are present in your app config. See how to get your app
config object.
No other migration tasks are required; once the API is enabled, pre-7.0.0 apps
will continue to function normally.
New projects adding the FCM SDK have this service enabled by default.
* Version 7.0.0 introduces the targeting of web apps for FCM messages sent from the Notifications composer. You can now target web notification messages by browser type and version as well as operating system. See Send messages with the Firebase Console.
### Analytics
* Added support for Analytics on web apps. See Get started with Google Analytics.
### Remote Config
* Added support for Remote Config on web apps. See Get started with Firebase Remote Config on web.
## Version 6.6.2 - September 19, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression introduced in 6.6.0 where `Document.toString()` throws an error.
## Version 6.6.1 - September 12, 2019
### Realtime Database
* Internal cleanup of code that supports Node.js.
## Version 6.6.0 - September 5, 2019
### Authentication
* Added support for multi-tenancy for Google Cloud Identity Platform developers.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a race condition between authenticating and initializing Firestore that could result in initial writes to the database being dropped.
## Version 6.5.0 - August 23, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a `Firestore.waitForPendingWrites()` method that allows users to wait until all pending writes are acknowledged by the Firestore backend.
* Added a `Firestore.terminate()` method which terminates the instance, releasing any held resources. Once it completes, you can optionally call `Firestore.clearPersistence()` to wipe persisted Firestore data from disk.
## Version 6.4.2 - August 23, 2019
* Changed `fromRef`, 'fromDocRef' and `fromCollectionRef` to accept an `option` parameter in rxFire.
### Performance Monitoring
* Fixed a regression introduced in 6.4.1 where built-in metrics collections threw errors.
## Version 6.4.1 - August 22, 2019
* The SDK no longer throws an error on duplicate service registration. This simplifies cases when multiple components each internally depend on another component and may each try to register it.
### Cloud Firestore
* Transactions now perform exponential backoff before retrying. This means transactions on highly contended documents are more likely to succeed.
### Performance Monitoring
* Performance Monitoring now validates performance metrics and attributes before storing them.
## Version 6.4.0 - August 15, 2019
### Realtime Database
* When parsing the Realtime Database URL, the `ns` URL query parameter will be treated as the default Realtime Database namespace name.
* Fixed an issue that caused `.info/serverTimeOffset` events not to fire.
## Version 6.3.5 - August 8, 2019
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where cached redirect results were not cleared after calling `signOut()` or `getRedirectResult()`.
## Version 6.3.4 - August 1, 2019
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue where multi-byte UTF-8 characters were not written correctly when using `firebase.js` or `firebase-database.js`.
## Version 6.3.3 - July 26, 2019
### Realtime Database
* Fixed a regression introduced in v6.3.2 causing errors when run in a browser environment.
## Version 6.3.2 - July 25, 2019
Caution: SDK version 6.3.2 has a serious issue in Realtime Database API
support. If your app uses Realtime Database, immediately upgrade to 6.3.3 or
higher.
### Realtime Database
* Added an environment variable (`FIREBASE_DATABASE_EMULATOR_HOST`) that allows developers to point the database emulator SDK to a local database emulator instance.
### Performance Monitoring
* The SDK has been updated to better handle errors when the Performance Monitoring library is imported in an environment without a `window` object (such as the server side of an SSR app) or a Performance Monitoring instance is initialized in such an environment.
## Version 6.3.1 - July 18, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Transactions are now more flexible. Some sequences of operations that were previously incorrectly disallowed are now allowed. For example, after reading a document that doesn't exist, you can now set it multiple times successfully in a transaction.
* Fixed an issue where query results were temporarily missing documents that previously had not matched but had been updated to now match the query.
## Version 6.3.0 - July 11, 2019
### Performance Monitoring
* Fixed an issue causing errors during page load in browser environments that don't support IndexedDB (such as when cookies are disabled).
## Version 6.2.4 - June 27, 2019
### Performance Monitoring
* Fixed an issue where Performance Monitoring throws an exception in unsupported environments. Now Performance Monitoring will not initialize in unsupported environments.
## Version 6.2.3 - June 24, 2019
### Authentication
* Fixed a bug causing errors in Node.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue causing some queries to return no results.
## Version 6.2.2 - June 21, 2019
Caution: SDK version 6.2.2 has a serious issue in Firestore API support. If
your app uses Firestore APIs, immediately upgrade to 6.2.3 or higher.
* Reverted change to the way the React Native bundle imports `AsyncStorage` as it was causing errors.
### Cloud Firestore
* Made error messages more informative for `AsyncQueue` errors on iOS.
## Version 6.2.1 - June 20, 2019
* Updated the React Native bundle to first try importing the `AsyncStorage` module from the recommended community package, if available, instead of the now-deprecated version bundled with React Native core.
* Fixed a bug in Firebase's environment check that can cause errors when Firebase is bundled into user code (using tools such as Rollup).
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue causing errors in environments that are missing `window.addEventListener`, such as React Native with Expo.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed an incorrect type on `Reference.put()` params.
## Version 6.2.0 - June 13, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Added `clearPersistence()`, which clears the persistent storage including pending writes and cached documents. This is intended to help write reliable tests.
* Added logging and a custom error message to help users hitting https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=197050 (a bug in iOS 12.2 causing the SDK to potentially crash when persistence is enabled).
## Version 6.1.1 - June 6, 2019
* Did some internal refactoring to improve type safety and documentation generation.
## Version 6.1.0 - May 28, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where an environment check fails in Node.js environments.
### Cloud Storage
* Added the ability to list objects in a bucket.
### Cloud Messaging
* Deprecated `requestPermission()`. Use the native browser API `Notification.requestPermission()` instead.
## Version 6.0.4 - May 23, 2019
* Browser environment check is now able to detect a web worker environment.
* `@firebase/app-types` and `@firebase/util` are now direct dependencies of the main `firebase` package.
### Cloud Firestore
* Cloud Firestore will gracefully fall back to memory persistence when the user is in Firefox Private Browsing.
* Cloud Firestore now recovers more quickly after network connectivity changes (airplane mode, Wi-Fi availability, etc.).
## Version 6.0.2 - May 9, 2019
* Browser environment check now works correctly without throwing an error in non-browser environments.
### Cloud Firestore
* Updated `gRPC` to 1.20.3 to support Node.js 12 and Electron v5.0.
## Version 6.0.1 - May 8, 2019
### Authentication
* Fixed a regression introduced in 6.0.0 that caused code to access a removed property.
## Version 6.0.0 - May 7, 2019
* Breaking change: Removed polyfills in the Firebase package. Now developers must decide which polyfills to include based on the environments they need to support. This ensures only required polyfills are included, reducing application size. See Environment Support.
### Authentication
* Breaking change: Removed previously deprecated APIs.
Removed Replaced by
`signInAndRetrieveDataWithCustomToken` `signInWithCustomToken`
`signInAnonymouslyAndRetrieveData` `signInAnonymously`
`createUserAndRetrieveDataWithEmailAndPassword`
`createUserWithEmailAndPassword`
`signInAndRetrieveDataWithEmailAndPassword` `signInWithEmailAndPassword`
`fetchProvidersForEmail` `fetchSignInMethodsForEmail`
* Breaking change: Updated the return type signature for `signInWithCredential` and `linkWithCredential` to a promise that resolves with a `UserCredential` instead of a `User`.
* Changed `reauthenticateWithCredential` to return a promise that resolves with a `UserCredential`.
* Deprecated the following APIs Deprecated Use instead
`signInAndRetrieveDataWithCredential` `signInWithCredential`
`linkAndRetrieveDataWithCredential` `linkWithCredential`
`reauthenticateAndRetrieveDataWithCredential` `reauthenticateWithCredential`
### Cloud Firestore
* You can now query across all collections in your database with a given collection ID using the `FirebaseFirestore.collectionGroup()` method.
* Deprecated the `experimentalTabSynchronization` setting in favor of `synchronizeTabs`. If you use multi-tab synchronization, it is recommended that you update your call to `enablePersistence()`. Firestore logs an error if you continue to use `experimentalTabSynchronization`.
### Realtime Database
* Breaking change: Improved consistency between the type annotations for `Query.on`/`Reference.on`, `Query.off`/`Reference.off` and `Query.once`/`Reference.once`.
### Performance Monitoring
* This release contains the new Performance Monitoring Client SDK. Visit the Performance Monitoring for Web Getting Started guide.
## Version 5.10.1 - April 25, 2019
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where duplicate auth events could cause errors when using `signInWithPopup()`.
* Fixed an issue where the SDK could fail to detect that it is in a service worker environment.
* Added an error message that appears when the client attempts to perform an admin-only operation.
### Cloud Firestore
* Enabled the SDK to recognize older versions of iOS Safari and Android when checking if persistence can be enabled.
## Version 5.10.0 - April 18, 2019
### Authentication
* Added serialization and deserialization methods to AuthCredential classes.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added an `experimentalForceLongPolling` setting that can be used to work around proxies that prevent the Firestore client from connecting to the Firestore backend.
## Version 5.9.4 - April 11, 2019
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed an incorrect type definition in `UploadTask.on()` params.
## Version 5.9.3 - April 4, 2019
### Cloud Messaging
* Refactored to use const enum for `ErrorCode`.
## Version 5.9.2 - Mar 28, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a missing type definition for `firestore.FieldValue.increment`.
## Version 5.9.1 - Mar 21, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Increased a connection timeout that could lead to large writes perpetually retrying without ever succeeding.
* Fixed an issue where transactions in a NodeJS app could be sent without auth credentials, leading to Permission Denied errors.
* Fixed an issue with IndexedDb persistence that triggered an internal assert for Queries that use nested `DocumentReferences` in `where()` clauses.
## Version 5.9.0 - Mar 14, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Added `FieldValue.increment()`, which can be used in `update()` and `set(..., {merge:true})` to increment or decrement numeric field values safely without transactions.
* Prepared the persistence layer to support collection group queries. While this feature is not yet available, all schema changes are included in this release. Once you upgrade, you will not be able to use an older version of the Firestore SDK with persistence enabled.
### FCM
* The SDK now does not send messages to Chrome Extension background pages, which previously caused notifications not to display.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed an incorrect type definition.
## Version 5.8.6 - Mar 7, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Improved performance when querying over documents that contain subcollections.
## Version 5.8.5 - Mar 1, 2019
* Added a warning that appears in the console at runtime if a Firebase browser bundle is loaded in a node environment.
### Authentication
* Added `OAuthCredential` type as an exposed type.
* Fixed `updateProfile()` so each property passed to it is optional.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Added timeouts and ability to customize them to `HttpsCallables`.
## Version 5.8.4 - Feb 21, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an uncaught promise error occurring when `enablePersistence()` was called in a second tab.
### Testing SDK
* Made rulesets that don't compile throw errors.
## Version 5.8.3 - Feb 14, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Improved error handling for `endAt` queries.
## Version 5.8.2 - Jan 31, 2019
* Added a missing file to the files array in package.json.
* Fixed some errors in the documentation.
## Version 5.8.1 - Jan 24, 2019
* Added the missing depenedency to auth-types and storage-types packages.
### Testing SDK
* Added `clearFirestoreData()` to delete data between tests.
## Version 5.8.0 - Jan 17, 2019
* Added a type definition file for all firebase components, so that they work with TypeScript with dynamic import.
### Cloud Firestore
* BREAKING: The `timestampsInSnapshots` setting is now enabled by default. Now, timestamp fields read from a `DocumentSnapshot` will be returned as `Timestamp` objects instead of `Date`. Any code expecting to receive a `Date` object must be updated.
* Fixed a crash that could happen when the app is shut down after a write has been sent to the server but before it has been received on a listener.
## Version 5.7.2 - Jan 10, 2019
* Fixed a packaging issue where some external dependencies were included in the Firebase package.
* Added syntax highlights to the README file.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression introduced in 5.7.0 that caused apps using experimentalTabSynchronization to hit an exception for "Failed to obtain primary lease for action 'Collect garbage'".
## Version 5.7.1 - Dec 20, 2018
### Authentication
* Added SAML providers and exposed the API to enable OIDC providers.
* Changed the email validation logic to allow international email addresses.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a custom error for schema downgrades.
## Version 5.7.0 - Dec 6, 2018
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a garbage collection process to on-disk persistence that removes older documents. This is enabled automatically if persistence is enabled, and the SDK will attempt to periodically clean up older, unused documents once the on-disk cache passes a threshold size (default: 40 MB). This threshold can be configured by changing the setting `cacheSizeBytes` in the settings passed to `Firestore.settings()`. It must be set to a minimum of 1 MB. The garbage collection process can be disabled entirely by setting `cacheSizeBytes` to `CACHE_SIZE_UNLIMITED`.
* Updated gRPC version to support Node 11.
## Version 5.6.0 - Nov 29, 2018
### Authentication
* Added the ability to customize the dynamic link domain for email actions.
## Version 5.5.9 - Nov 20, 2018
* Updated mocha to version 5.2.0.
* Corrected syntax errors for Realtime Database example in rxFire documentation.
### Cloud Firestore
* Capped the amount of exponential backoff gRPC will use for reconnection attempts to 100ms.
## Version 5.5.8 - Nov 8, 2018
### Authentication
* Added a source map to faciliate easy debugging.
## Version 5.5.7 - Nov 1, 2018
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Added the type definition for the `useFunctionsEmulator` method in the Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK.
## Version 5.5.6 - Oct 25, 2018
* Changed to distribute component libraries in UMD format from the CDN.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where the library is not compatible with IE 11.
## Version 5.5.5 - Oct 18, 2018
* Updated documentation to include examples for typescript and native es6 module in Node.js environment.
* Fixed the import path for Authentication in rxFire documentation.
## Version 5.5.4 - Oct 11, 2018
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where the `this` variable was changed to undefined incorrectly.
### Cloud Firestore
* Removed fallback based on `eval()` for JSON parsing, allowing SDK to be used in environments that prohibit `eval()`.
## Version 5.5.3 - Oct 4, 2018
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue that prevented query synchronization between multiple tabs.
* Start tracking document usage in preparation for LRU Garbage Collection.
## Version 5.5.2 - Sep 27, 2018
* Fixed a browser compatibility issue with Safari 9 when loading individual components using the CDN.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where native ES6 module loading was not working.
### Authentication
* Added a new phone auth error message for malformed or mismatching credentials.
## Version 5.5.1 - Sep 19, 2018
* Updated the dependency version for the closure compiler, so it works with Java 10.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where typings are created in the wrong location.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue where typings are created in the wrong location.
## Version 5.5.0 - Sep 12, 2018
* Fixed an issue where typings for the firebase package were referenced incorrectly.
### Cloud Firestore
* Access to offline persistence is no longer limited to a single tab. You can opt into this new experimental mode by invoking `enablePersistence()` with `{experimentalTabSynchronization: true}`. All tabs accessing persistence must use the same setting for this flag.
* Fixed an issue where the first `get()` call made after being offline could incorrectly return cached data without attempting to reach the backend.
* Changed `get()` to only make 1 attempt to reach the backend before returning cached data, potentially reducing delays while offline. Previously it would make 2 attempts, to work around a backend bug.
* Fixed an issue that caused us to drop empty objects from calls to `set(..., { merge: true })`.
* Improved argument validation for several API methods.
* Changed the internal handling for locally updated documents that haven't yet been read back from Cloud Firestore. This can lead to slight behavior changes and may affect the `SnapshotMetadata.hasPendingWrites` metadata flag.
* Eliminated superfluous update events for locally cached documents that are known to lag behind the server version. Instead, we buffer these events until the client has caught up with the server.
## Version 5.4.2 - August 30, 2018
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where the `navigator` global was unavailable in some environments.
## Version 5.4.1 - August 23, 2018
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression that prevented use of Cloud Firestore on ReactNative's Expo platform (#1138).
### Authentication
* Fixed an isssue in the IndexedDB implementation that was slow for some browsers.
* Fixed a memory leak in the IndexedDB implementation.
## Version 5.4.0 - August 16, 2018
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed `get({source: 'cache'})` to be able to return nonexistent documents from cache.
* Prepared the persistence layer to allow shared access from multiple tabs. While this feature is not yet available, all schema changes are included in this release. Once you upgrade, you will not be able to use an older version of the Firestore SDK with persistence enabled.
* Fixed an issue where changes to custom authentication claims did not take effect until you did a full sign-out and sign-in. (firebase/firebase-ios-sdk#1499)
## Version 5.3.1 - August 3, 2018
### Cloud Firestore
* Improved how Firestore handles idle queries to reduce the cost of re-listening within 30 minutes.
* Improved offline performance with many outstanding writes.
## Version 5.3.0 - July 19, 2018
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where redirect results were being handled incorrectly for deleted Auth instances.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where queries returned fewer results than they should, caused by documents that were cached as deleted when they should not have been (firebase/firebase-ios-sdk#1548). Because some cache data is cleared, clients might use extra bandwidth the first time they launch with this version of the SDK.
* Added `firebase.firestore.FieldValue.arrayUnion()` and `firebase.firestore.FieldValue.arrayRemove()` to atomically add and remove elements from an array field in a document.
* Added `'array-contains'` query operator for use with `.where()` to find documents where an array field contains a specific element.
## Version 5.2.0 - June 28, 2018
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Added a method that allows the Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK to use a local Functions Emulator.
* Added support for specifying a region for a given function.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue that caused database to not work on IE 11.
## Version 5.1.0 - June 21, 2018
* Fixed an issue with the typings where the firebase namespace wasn't being exported.
### Authentication
* Added an ES Module export of Firebase Auth
* Fixed an issue with the IndexedDB fallback logic
## Version 5.0.4 - May 24, 2018
* Update the README.md files for our scoped packages on NPM (i.e. `@firebase/app`, `@firebase/auth`, `@firebase/database`, etc) to properly reflect the officially supported API.
### FCM
* Fixed an issue where VAPID keys weren't being handled correctly.
### Cloud Firestore
* Improved the messaging when unable to connect to the backend servers.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed the typings for `forEach` and `forEachChild` to properly support all valid return types.
## Version 5.0.3 - May 17, 2018
* Fixed a regression that was causing the `import * as firebase from 'firebase';` syntax to fail.
### FCM
* Fixed an issue where the messaging types were inconsistent with our documentation.
### Cloud Firestore
* Updated our GRPC dependency which fixed an issue some users had during `npm install`.
## Version 5.0.2 - May 10, 2018
* Fixed an issue where some of the nested imports (e.g. `firebase/app`) weren't exposing the proper types.
### FCM
* Changed a behavior where, if a VAPID key did not exist, an error was thrown.
## Version 5.0.1 - May 8, 2018
* Fixed an issue with our typings that was preventing Typescript apps from compiling.
## Version 5.0.0 - May 8, 2018
* Refactored the top-level Firebase entrypoints (e.g. `import firebase from 'firebase';`) to additionally include the Firestore and Functions components which were previously excluded by default. Developers using these bundles will find a warning in the browser console instructing them how to include only the components they are using, which will improve the performance of their applications.
### Authentication
* Exposes the new `Auth.settings.appVerificationDisabledForTesting` flag for disabling reCAPTCHA app verification used for phone authentication integration testing with whitelisted phone numbers.
* Exposes the new `Auth.updateCurrentUser` API for copying `firebase.User` objects between Firebase apps.
* Updated the return type signature for `signInWithEmailAndPassword`, `signInWithCustomToken`, `signInAnonymously` and `createUserWithEmailAndPassword` to return a promise that resolves with a `UserCredential` instead of a user.
* Removed `getToken` API in favor of `getIdToken` and `getIdTokenResult`.
* Deprecated `signInWithCredential`, `linkWithCredential`, `reauthenticateWithCredential` and `fetchProvidersForEmail` in favor of `signInAndRetrieveDataWithCredential`, `linkAndRetrieveDataWithCredential`, `reauthenticateAndRetrieveDataWithCredential` and `fetchSignInMethodsForEmail`.
* Improved detection of external auth state changes for synchronizing Auth state between different windows.
### Realtime Database
* Removed the private `path` property from `firebase.database.Reference`.
### Cloud Firestore
* Merged the `includeQueryMetadataChanges` and `includeDocumentMetadataChanges` options passed to `Query.onSnapshot()` into a single `includeMetadataChanges` option.
* `QuerySnapshot.docChanges()` is now a method that optionally takes an `includeMetadataChanges` option. By default, even when listening to a query with `{ includeMetadataChanges:true }`, metadata-only document changes are suppressed in `docChanges()`.
* Added new `{ mergeFields: (string|FieldPath)[] }` option to `set()` which allows merging of a reduced subset of fields.
### Cloud Storage
* Removed the previously deprecated `FullMetadata.downloadURLs` and `UploadTaskSnapshot.downloadURL` properties.
## Version 4.13.0 - April 19, 2018
* Added support for an alternate `initializeApp` syntax, to facilitate additional config options.
* Fixed the version of our `devDependencies` throughout the SDK to ensure that build/test changes are picked up in future releases.
* Refactored to use core-js for our Polyfills/Shims.
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where `navigator.onLine` sometimes errantly reports `false`.
* Fixed an issue where Firefox multi-tab/private mode browsing threw errors with our IndexedDB implementation.
* Exposes the new `getIdTokenResult` API for `firebase.User` objects.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a new `Timestamp` class to represent timestamp fields, currently supporting up to microsecond precision. It can be passed to API methods anywhere a JS Date object is currently accepted. To make `DocumentSnapshot`s read timestamp fields back as `Timestamp`s instead of Dates, you can set the newly added flag `timestampsInSnapshots` in `FirestoreSettings` to `true`. Note that the current behavior (`DocumentSnapshot`s returning JS Date objects) will be removed in a future release. `Timestamp` supports higher precision than JS Date.
* Added ability to control whether `DocumentReference.get()` and `Query.get()` should fetch from server only, (by passing `{ source: 'server' }`), cache only (by passing `{ source: 'cache' }`), or attempt server and fall back to the cache (which was the only option previously, and is now the default).
### FCM
* Fixed an issue where `getToken` was throwing errors in Worker environments.
* General cleanup and hardening of the entire messaging codebase. added Typescript types, additional tests, etc.
### Cloud Storage
* Deprecated the `FullMetadata.downloadURLs` and `UploadTaskSnapshot.downloadURL` properties in favor of `Reference.getDownloadURL()`
## Version 4.12.1 - March 29, 2018
* Fixed an issue where Typescript would throw errors due to duplicate symbols.
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where several of the new APIs were missing from the firebase package typings.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression in the Firebase JS release 4.11.0 that could cause get() requests made while offline to be delayed by up to 10 seconds (rather than returning from cache immediately).
* Fixed an issue where some NPM users were seeing large performance degradations on Edge.
* Fixed an issue where several APIs were missing from the firebase package typings.
### FCM
* Improved error messaging around the `useServiceWorker` function to better communicate the intended use case.
## Version 4.12.0 - March 20, 2018
### Authentication
* Added several APIs to support the new passwordless email sign in feature.
* `fetchSignInMethodsForEmail`
* `isSignInWithEmailLink`
* `sendSignInLinkToEmail`
* `signInWithEmailLink`
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
This release contains the new Firebase Functions Client SDK, with support for
HTTPS Callable Functions. See Call Functions from Your App.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression in the Firebase JS release 4.11.0 that could cause a crash if a user signs out while the client is offline, resulting in an error of "Attempted to schedule multiple operations with timer id listen_stream_connection_backoff".
## Version 4.11.0 - March 8, 2018
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue where certain browser APIs weren't available in IE 11.
* Added the ability to create a new reference from an existing database reference.
### Cloud Firestore
* If the SDK's attempt to connect to the Cloud Firestore backend doesn't succeed or fails within 10 seconds, the SDK will consider itself "offline", causing get() calls to resolve with cached results, rather than continuing to wait.
## Version 4.10.1 - February 22, 2018
* Did some internal refactoring to support the use of modern typescript APIs across the codebase (thanks merlinnot for the PR!)
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue where users were unintentionally receiving an "Invalid query string" warning (see this issue).
### FCM
* Fixed an issue where some users received duplicate notifications.
* Fixed an issue with a missing API in the typings.
## Version 4.10.0 - February 15, 2018
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where Microsoft Edge users were seeing slow response times.
### Realtime Database
* Allow users passing custom database URLs, to set the namespace via the `ns` query parameter.
### FCM
* Added the `usePublicVapidKey` API to facilitate custom server application key usage.
## Version 4.9.1 - February 1, 2018
* Fixed an issue where ES6 wildcard imports were breaking Closure Compiler (thanks @Doehl for the PR!)
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue with universal link subscriptions when multiple listeners are registered.
### Realtime Database
* Allow users to set the database URL to a localhost value (thanks @rynobax for the PR!)
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression in Firebase JS release 4.9.0 that could in certain cases result in an "OnlineState should not affect limbo documents." assertion crash when the client loses its network connection.
## Version 4.9.0 - January 18, 2018
* Snapshot listeners (with the `includeMetadataChanges` option enabled) now receive an event with `snapshot.metadata.fromCache` set to `true` if the SDK loses its connection to the backend. A new event with `snapshot.metadata.fromCache` set to false will be raised once the connection is restored and the query is in sync with the backend again.
* Added `SnapshotOptions` API to control how DocumentSnapshots return unresolved server timestamps.
* Added `disableNetwork()` and `enableNetwork()` methods to `Firestore` class, allowing for explicit network management.
* For non-existing documents, `DocumentSnapshot.data()` now returns `undefined` instead of throwing an exception. A new `QueryDocumentSnapshot` class is introduced for Queries to reduce the number of undefined-checks in your code.
* Added `isEqual` API to `GeoPoint`, `Blob`, `SnapshotMetadata`, `DocumentSnapshot`, `QuerySnapshot`, `CollectionReference`, `FieldValue` and `FieldPath`.
* A "Could not reach Firestore backend." message will be logged when the initial connection to the Firestore backend fails.
* A "Using maximum backoff delay to prevent overloading the backend." message will be logged when we get a resource-exhausted error from the backend.
## Version 4.8.2 - January 11, 2018
* Fixed some regressions that were introduced in the typings refactor from the last release.
* Added the missing "author" field to the package.json files of each of the NPM packages.
## Version 4.8.1 - December 18, 2017
* Refactored the typings setup across the SDK.
### Cloud Firestore
* A "Could not reach Firestore backend." message will be logged when the initial connection to the Firestore backend fails.
* A "Using maximum backoff delay to prevent overloading the backend." message will be logged when we get a resource-exhausted error from the backend.
## Version 4.8.0 - December 7, 2017
### Authentication
* Added new APIs `firebase.auth.Auth.prototype.createUserAndRetrieveDataWithEmailAndPassword`, `firebase.auth.Auth.prototype.signInAndRetrieveDataWithCustomToken`, `firebase.auth.Auth.prototype.signInAndRetrieveDataWithEmailAndPassword` and `firebase.auth.Auth.prototype.signInAnonymouslyAndRetrieveData` which function the same as their counterparts but return a promise that resolves with a `firebase.auth.UserCredential` instead of a `firebase.User`. These methods will be eventually renamed to replace the older methods.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue with the Firestore webchannel integration that prevented use of firestore in worker environments.
## Version 4.7.0 - November 30, 2017
### Cloud Firestore
* Added Node.js support for Cloud Firestore (with the exception of offline persistence).
* Refactor Webchannel integration to avoid extra CORS preflight requests.
## Version 4.6.2 - November 9, 2017
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where `localStorage` errors were not being caught properly.
* Return auth/user-disabled instead of auth/internal-error when signing in with an OAuth provider using a disabled account.
### Cloud Firestore
* Network streams are automatically closed after 60 seconds of idleness.
* We no longer log 'RPC failed' messages for expected failures.
* Fixed an "Image is not defined" error when using Cloud Firestore from React Native.
## Version 4.6.1 - November 2, 2017
* Updated dependency versions across the different sub packages.
### Authentication
* Released the Open Source auth codebase.
* Automatically resets the reCAPTCHA after the phone authentication flow is triggered to prevent the same reCAPTCHA token from being sent in subsequent calls.
## Version 4.6.0 - October 19, 2017
### Authentication
* Added `firebase.User.prototype.metadata` which includes information about user creation time and last sign in time.
* Added the `isNewUser` property to `firebase.auth.AdditionalUserInfo`, which is returned by sign in methods to indicate whether a user is a new or returning user.
* Fixed a `TypeError` thrown after manually clearing localStorage
### Realtime Database
* Fixed a regression introduced in version `4.5.1` where authenticated user info was not properly being passed to the server, causing reads and writes to fail with `permission_denied` errors.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed the validation of nested arrays to allow indirect nesting.
* We now support `FieldValue.delete()` sentinels in `set()` calls with `{merge:true}`.
## Version 4.5.2 - October 16, 2017
* Fixed an issue where the "react-native" property was missing from the firebase package.json.
* Fixed an issue where `firebase.SDK_VERSION` was returning the placeholder string.
## Version 4.5.1 - October 12, 2017
* Refactored the internal module structure to make our package more modular and easier to maintain.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue causing exceptions when trying to use `firebase.firestore.FieldPath.documentId()` in an `orderBy()` or `where()` clause in a query.
## Version 4.5.0 - October 2, 2017
* Added support for Cloud Firestore. For more information, see the following resources::
* Blog post
* Web getting started guide
* Reference Documentation
## Version 4.4.0 - September 21, 2017
### Authentication
* Fixed some issues with null initialization of several classes in the externs files.
### Realtime Database
* Added multi-resource support to the database SDK.
## Version 4.3.1 - September 7, 2017
### Authentication
* Fixed issue with typings for features released in 4.3.0
## Version 4.3.0 - August 17, 2017
### Authentication
* Added client side localization for email actions (password reset, email verification, etc), phone authentication SMS messages, OAuth flows and reCAPTCHA verification.
* Added the ability to pass a continue URL/state when triggering a password reset/email verification which gives a user the ability to go back to the app after completion. In addition, added support for the ability to open these links directly from a mobile app instead of a web flow using Firebase Dynamic Links. See the docs for more information.
* Fixed issue with IE10 state synchronization across tabs
## Version 4.2.0 - July 27, 2017
### Authentication
* Added ability to configure state persistence. See the docs for more information.
* Added missing `phoneNumber` property on `provideData` objects.
* Fixed temporary error message when opening a popup for sign-in, prominent in some IE browsers.
* Refactored to not use `navigator.onLine` for offline detection in Cordova environments.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue where database references were missing a `toJSON` method.
## Version 4.1.5 - July 25, 2017
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where authenticated realtime database access wasn't possible.
## Version 4.1.4 - July 24, 2017
* Bundle size improvements for `firebase-app.js`, `firebase-storage.js`, `firebase-messaging.js`.
### Realtime Database
* Refactored internal implementation to TypeScript.
## Version 4.1.3 - June 21, 2017
* Fixed an issue where certain app names were invalid
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue with the PhoneAuthProvider typings
* Fixed an issue where network errors from `signInWithRedirect` were cached even after the network connection stabilized.
* Fixed an issue where Cordova OAuth redirects in iOS apps were failing due iOS bundle ID case sensitive checks.
## Version 4.1.2 - June 6, 2017
* Fixed an issue where sourcemaps weren't pointing to the actual Typescript source code.
* Fixed an issue where `FirebaseAppImpl.prototype` was being incorrectly patched.
* Fixed an issue where loading the SDK from our CDN, while also providing a chunked webpack build, was duplicating the `webpackJsonp` namespace.
## Version 4.1.1 - May 31, 2017
* Fixed an issue where the default storage bucket was not being initialized correctly.
## Version 4.1.0 - May 30, 2017
* Allow for lazy initialization of Firebase components (i.e. Authentication, Realtime Database, Cloud Storage, FCM).
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where the SDK could trigger an infinite loop when loaded in an iFrame on Safari.
## Version 4.0.0 - May 17, 2017
### Authentication for Servers
* Removed support for deprecated `serviceAccount` and `credential` properties from the Node.js SDK. If you were previously using the Firebase JavaScript SDK to use these properties, use the Firebase Admin Node.js SDK instead.
### Authentication
* Added support for phone number authentication using the following APIs:
* `PhoneAuthProvider`
* `firebase.auth.Auth.prototype.signInWithPhoneNumber`
* `firebase.User.prototype.linkWithPhoneNumber`
* `firebase.User.prototype.reauthenticateWithPhoneNumber`
* Augmented the IdP data (for a list of all supported fields see `firebase.auth.UserCredential`) returned by the following APIs:
* `firebase.auth.Auth.prototype.signInAndRetrieveDataWithCredential`
* `firebase.User.prototype.linkAndRetrieveDataWithCredential`
* `firebase.User.prototype.reauthenticateAndRetrieveDataWithCredential`
* Added the `firebase.auth.Auth.prototype.onIdTokenChanged` method that triggers on ID token changes.
* Fixed an issue where new anonymous users were created on page load instead of returning an existing one.
* Fixed an issue where `firebase.User.prototype.updateProfile` was not triggering an update in password provider data.
* Deprecated `firebase.User.prototype.getToken` in favor of `firebase.User.prototype.getIdToken`.
* BREAKING: `firebase.auth.Auth.prototype.onAuthStateChanged` now triggers on sign in and sign out.
* BREAKING: `firebase.User.prototype.reauthenticate` has been removed in favor of `firebase.User.prototype.reauthenticateWithCredential`.
* BREAKING: `firebase.User.prototype.link` has been removed in favor of `firebase.User.prototype.linkWithCredential`.
* BREAKING: `firebase.AuthCredential.prototype.provider` has been removed in favor of `firebase.AuthCredential.prototype.providerId`.
## Version 3.9.0 - April 25, 2017
### Authentication
* Deprecated `firebase.auth.authCredential.prototype.provider` in favor of the `firebase.auth.AuthCredential.prototype.providerId` property.
* Fixed an issue where Cordova apps were seeing unusual delays in authentication.
## Version 3.8.0 - April 18, 2017
* Provide source maps for firebase-app.js.
### Authentication
* Added new APIs `reauthenticateWithPopup` and `reauthenticateWithRedirect` for reauthenticating with an OAuth provider using a popup or a redirect.
* Added the `operationType` property to the `firebase.auth.UserCredential` object to determine if the result was obtained from a `signIn`, `link` or `reauthenticate` operation.
* Added support for Cordova OAuth sign-in using the `signInWithRedirect`, `linkWithRedirect`, and `reauthenticateWithRedirect` methods.
* Deprecated `firebase.User.prototype.link` in favor of the `firebase.User.prototype.linkWithCredential` method.
* Deprecated `firebase.User.prototype.reauthenticate` in favor of the `firebase.User.prototype.reauthenticateWithCredential` method.
## Version 3.7.8 - April 14, 2017
* Fixed an issue where `npm-shrinkwrap.json` was not being generated correctly.
## Version 3.7.7 - April 14, 2017
* Fixed an issue where undefined symbols caused an error to be thrown in older browsers.
## Version 3.7.6 - April 11, 2017
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where removal of a legacy options object broke older clients.
## Version 3.7.5 - April 4, 2017
### Cloud Storage
* Provide higher-granularity progress updates for object uploads.
## Version 3.7.4 - March 28, 2017
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue where `firebase.database().ref().push()`, would trigger an infinite loop if the returned `.then()` function was called.
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where `firebase.User.reauthenticate()` was creating new users if passed an OAuth credential for a user that didn't exist.
## Version 3.7.3 - March 21, 2017
### Realtime Database
* Fixed error messaging for invalid calls to `Query.equalTo()`.
## Version 3.7.2 - March 14, 2017
* Fixed an issue where some components erroneously allowed creation of multiple instances.
## Version 3.7.1 - March 9, 2017
### Authentication
* Updated `firebase.auth().signInWithPopup()` to work properly in Chrome extensions.
* Improved session handling for prolonged usage of the Realtime Database.
## Version 3.7.0 - March 1, 2017
### Cloud Storage
* Added support for using multiple buckets within Cloud Storage.
## Version 3.6.10 - February 21, 2017
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed an issue where the `catch()` method didn't exist on `UploadTask`.
## Version 3.6.9 - February 7, 2017
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue that broke `firebase.auth().signInWithCredential()` in a browser environment when the current URL has the OAuth 2.0-specific `state` query parameter.
## Version 3.6.8 - January 31, 2017
* Fixed an issue with some module bundlers. The npm (commonjs) modules no longer require a `global` variable to be set explicitly and fallback to `window` or `self` if `global` is not defined.
### Authentication
* Increased authentication timeouts for network requests to handle slow network connections.
* Fixed authentication module Node.js detection to be compatible with browserify.
* Modified `firebase.auth().signInWithPopup()` to work for apps embedded in a sandboxed iframe.
* Fixed the Android Chrome bug for triggering internal-errors in `firebase.auth().signInWithPopup()`
* Fixed an issue that broke `firebase.auth().signInWithCredential()` and `firebase.auth().fetchProvidersForEmail()` in non http/https environments like chrome-extensions.
* Fixed progress bar styling in the OAuth helper for popup/redirect operations.
## Version 3.6.7 - January 24, 2017
* Improved Firebase app errors to return error codes prefixed with `app/` consistent with other Firebase service errors.
## Version 3.6.6 - January 17, 2017
* Fixed support for TypeScript and ES6 imports of individual SDK modules (see the npm package README for more information).
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue on Chrome for iOS where a blank gray screen was being displayed when `signInWithPopup()` does not require additional user interaction (because the user is already signed in and has previously consented to the requested scopes).
## Version 3.6.5 - January 10, 2017
### Cloud Storage
* Improved error messages when invalid metadata is passed to the `put`, `putString`, or `updateMetadata` methods.
## Version 3.6.4 - December 13, 2016
### Realtime Database
* Added the missing `firebase.database.ServerValue.TIMESTAMP` property to the TypeScript type declarations (`firebase.d.ts`).
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed an issue where percent-encoded data in a data URL was not decoded.
### Authentication
* Optimized offline detection to reduce the frequency of network timeouts.
## Version 3.6.3 - December 6, 2016
* Changed the packaging of browser npm modules to fix an issue that occurred when using Cloud Storage with the Browserify and webpack module bundlers.
## Version 3.6.2 - November 29, 2016
* Updated file attributes in the Firebase npm package to be compatible with the Yarn Package Manager.
* Updated the jsonwebtoken version used in the Firebase npm package.
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue that prevented user authentication states from persisting when using Firebase Authentication with React Native versions 0.37 and higher.
## Version 3.6.1 - November 15, 2016
### Cloud Storage
* Reduced the SDK download size.
* Fixed networking issues affecting React Native on Android.
### Authentication
* Added missing definitions for `setCustomParameters()` methods in the firebase.d.ts file for TypeScript users.
## Version 3.6.0 - November 8, 2016
### Authentication for Servers
* SDK authentication with a service account on Node.js, and the corresponding token minting and verification methods, has been deprecated in favor of a new Node.js Admin SDK. To learn more, go to Admin SDK Setup. To see the Node.js Admin API reference, go to Admin SDK API Reference.
### Authentication
* Fixed an incorrect popup blocked error that occurred in the Chrome browser on iOS 7 and 8.
## Version 3.5.3 - November 1, 2016
* Reduced the SDK download size.
### Authentication
* Fixed issues with redirect and pop-up sign-in methods when using browsers that block third-party cookies and site data.
## Version 3.5.2 - October 24, 2016
### Authentication
* Increase the request timeout interval for mobile devices to improve performance on high-latency networks.
## Version 3.5.1 - October 19, 2016
### Cloud Messaging
* Added a check to validate the `gcm_sender_id`.
* Fixed a race condition that occurs when using the Firefox web browser.
## Version 3.5.0 - October 14, 2016
### Authentication
* Added support for custom OAuth parameters using the `GoogleAuthProvider.setCustomParameters()`, `FacebookAuthProvider.setCustomParameters()`, and `GithubAuthProvider.setCustomParameters()` methods.
### Cloud Messaging
* Introduction of Firebase Cloud Messaging for the JavaScript SDK.
## Version 3.4.1 - September 27, 2016
### Realtime Database
* Ensure that the SDK does not prevent Node.js from shutting down the process. Calling `firebase.database().goOffline()` or `firebase.app().delete()` should be sufficient for Node.js to exit now.
* Fixed a bug where the database inadvertently created a global variable on the window object.
* Use of the `update()` method now only cancels transactions that are directly included in the updated paths (not transactions in adjacent paths). For example, an update at `/move` for a child node `walk` will cancel transactions at `/`, `/move`, and `/move/walk` and in any child nodes under `/move/walk`. But, it will no longer cancel transactions at sibling nodes, such as `/move/run`.
### Cloud Storage
* Improved network utilization for file uploads.
## Version 3.4.0 - September 14, 2016
### Realtime Database
* New `Query.isEqual()` method allows for comparing any `Reference` or `Query` for equality.
## Version 3.3.2 - September 8, 2016
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue with `signInWithPopup()` not working with Internet Explorer.
## Version 3.3.1 - September 7, 2016
* Added an error message when attempting to use a service account in non-Node.js environments.
### Authentication
* Fixed backend error messages that were being truncated.
* Fixed an error where user properties were not automatically refreshed on page reload.
* The user's credential and email are now returned when account linking throws the following errors: `auth/credential-already-in-use` and `auth/email-already-in-use`.
* Modified the Facebook login and OAuth grant permissions screen to work better in popup-sized windows.
* This release has an issue with `signInWithPopup()` not working with Internet Explorer. You can continue to use version 3.3.0 or earlier until this is fixed in a future release.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed an issue where `contentType` in custom metadata was being ignored for string-format uploads.
## Version 3.3.0 - August 16, 2016
### Authentication
* Client Authentication APIs are now available in Node.js. When you call `intializeApp()`, pass a `serviceAccount` to use the Authentication for Servers APIs in your app, or pass an `apiKey` to use the client Authentication APIs.
* Network error handling for sign in and link with popup operations.
* Long popup cancellation timeouts.
* When you use `signInWithRedirect`, the `onAuthStateChanged` observer now waits until `getRedirectResult` resolves before triggering. (In older versions, the observer would trigger twice: once when the page loaded, and a second time when `getRedirectResult` resolved.)
### Realtime Database
* A warning is no longer logged if you don't provide an `apiKey` when initializing the SDK and just want to have unauthenticated access to your Realtime Database. Security Rules are still in effect even if you do not provide an `apiKey`.
### Cloud Storage
* Added support for string and base64 encoded uploads (`Reference.put()` and `Reference.putString()`).
## Version 3.2.1 - July 26, 2016
* Typescript 2.0 type definitions added to npm package.
### Authentication
* Fixed issues with Safari private mode.
* More detailed debugging messages for internal errors.
## Version 3.2.0 - July 12, 2016
### Cloud Storage
* `UploadTask` can now be used like a Promise, and resolves with its snapshot data when the upload completes.
### Authentication
* Github login responsiveness.
* Missing display names in profile scope for some Google accounts.
### Authentication for Servers
* Added `uid` to the decoded token returned by `verifyIdToken()`. It is set to the ID token's `sub` (subject) claim.
## Version 3.1.0 - June 28, 2016
### Authentication
* Replace use of browser-specific APIs that were blocking use of React Native from the JavaScript SDK.
* The Node.js SDK now supports unauthenticated access. If no service account is provided, Realtime Database access will be restricted just as any unauthenticated client would be. In this case, certain methods (like creating and verifying tokens) will throw an error.
## Version 3.0.5 - June 14, 2016
### Authentication
* Fixed JSON parsing error when used in Chrome extensions.
* Corrected server URLs used by library when using localhost for debugging.
### Cloud Storage
* Allows use of `"gs://bucket"` instead of `"bucket"` in `storageBucket` config.
## Version 3.0.4 - June 7, 2016
### Realtime Database
* Updated the reference documentation to include more extensive API descriptions and examples.
* Improved Realtime Database authentication-expiration retry logic.
### Authentication
* When using Firebase Web SDK in a non http or https environment (Cordova or Electron apps for instance), instead of raising a confusing error on initialization, it will silently ignore it. It will only throw an `auth/operation-not-supported-in-this-environment` error when trying to use unsupported operations (`signInWithPopup`, `signInWithRedirect`, `linkWithPopup`, `linkWithRedirect` and `getRedirectResult`).
### Cloud Storage
* Generate more specific error message when quota is exceeded.
## Version 3.0.3 - May 24, 2016
### Authentication
* Improved error messages.
### Authentication for Servers
* Global `Promise` object is no longer overwritten.
* Added error message when initializing the Node.js SDK with an invalid service account.
## Version 3.0.2 - May 19, 2016
* Browserify and webpack compatibility.
## Version 3.0.1 - May 18, 2016
* Node.js version 0.10 support.
## Version 3.0.0 - May 18, 2016
* Launch of new APIs and Firebase console.
### Realtime Database
* The way you install and initialize the SDK has changed and several APIs have been renamed. When you decide to upgrade, please see the Web Migration Guide for detail.
* The way you install and initialize the Node.js has also changed. APIs have been renamed and you now authenticate using a service account instead of a secret or custom token. When you choose to upgrade, please see the Database Server SDK Setup Guide and use the Web Migration Guide to help you update your Node.js code to the latest APIs.
### Authentication
* The way you install and initialize the SDK has changed and most APIs have been renamed. When you decide to upgrade, please see the Web Migration Guide for details.
* Node.js server SDK:
* Token minting and verification for Firebase Authentication is now built into the server SDKs themselves instead of in separate token minting libraries.
* All of the existing authentication methods have been removed. Instead, use the `databaseAuthVariableOverride` option (Node.js) or when initializing the SDK. See Installation & Setup for Servers for more details.
* Use the Web Migration Guide or to help you update your Node.js or Java code to the latest APIs.
### Cloud Storage
* Initial release of Cloud Storage. Cloud Storage provides secure file uploads and downloads for your Firebase apps, regardless of network quality. You can use it to store images, audio, video, or other user-generated content. Cloud Storage is backed by Google Cloud Storage, a powerful, simple, and cost-effective object storage service.
## Legacy release notes
Firebase 1.0 and 2.0 JavaScript Changelog
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## Contents
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* 1Formation
* 1.1Formation process
* 1.2Factors
* 2Stability
* 2.1Democratization
* 3Structure
* 3.1Classification
* 4Function and policy
* 4.1Use of force
* 5History
* 5.1Early military dictatorships
* 5.219th century and World Wars
* 5.3Postwar military dictatorships
* 5.3.1Africa
* 5.3.2East and Southeast Asia
* 5.3.3Europe
* 5.3.4Latin America
* 5.3.5Muslim world
* 6See also
* 7References
* 8Bibliography
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# Military dictatorship
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Dictatorship ruled by the military
Part of the Politics series
Basic forms of government
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Source of power
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A military dictatorship is a type of dictatorship in which power is held by
one or more military officers acting on behalf of the military. Military
dictatorships are led by either a military dictator or a council of military
officers known as a military junta. They are most often formed by military
coups or the empowerment of the military through a popular uprising, typically
in times of domestic unrest or instability. The balance of power in a military
dictatorship depends on the dictator's ability to maintain the approval of the
military through concessions and appeasement while using force to repress
opposition. Military dictatorships are often less involved in political
affairs than other regimes, with their policy mainly directed toward
benefiting the military as an institution.
Early military dictatorships existed in post-classical Asia, including
military leaders in Korea and Japan. Modern military dictatorship developed in
Latin America during the 19th century, and it further developed in Europe
during the early-20th century. Military dictatorship saw a resurgence in the
1960s, with new military dictatorships being established in Africa, Asia, and
Latin America.
## Formation
### Formation process
A general walks in military uniform flanked by other officers
Polish dictator Józef Piłsudski and fellow military officers during the May
Coup in 1926
Most military dictatorships are formed after a coup d'état has overthrown the
previous government.[1] These coups typically take place when there is a
perceived threat to the military or its interests as an institution, including
cuts to military funding or civilian interference in military affairs.[2]
These coups are most common in the developing world, where a lack of democracy
often necessitates such events for changes in leadership.[3] Not all
dictatorships taken through military force are military dictatorships,
however, for in many cases a civilian dictator will take power following a
coup and relegate military officers.[4] In some cases, the military may be
invested with dictatorial powers during a popular uprising.[5]
To establish legitimacy, a military dictatorship will often present itself as
saving the nation from the corrupt or myopic civilian politicians, justifying
its position as "neutral" arbiters on the basis of their membership within the
armed forces, which in many countries are nominally expected to be apolitical
institutions.[6] Military rulers will often justify their intervention as
acting on behalf of politically repressed citizens or as a response to
economic failure.[7] In some cases, a military dictatorship may be seen as a
measure of last resort, in which an active or former military officer will be
asked to seize power to end the rule of a worse government, though it is not
necessarily the case that a military dictatorship brings about the promised
improvement and stability.[8] These justifications are often given for any
formation of military rule, even if the personal motivations of the officers
involve greed, ambition, factionalism, or ethnic conflict.[9]
### Factors
The military's purpose in a given country may affect whether it attempts to
seize power. When international opponents prompt stronger national defense, a
military is more likely to comply with a civilian government, as the civilian
government is likely to provide for the military.[1] Neighboring countries
that present territorial threats have the effect of harming democracy and
incentivizing the creation of a stronger military, which both increase the
likelihood of a military dictatorship.[10] All of these factors are aggravated
in countries with significant natural resources, as these provide an
additional incentive for the military to seize power.[1] Military
dictatorships almost universally form in peacetime, with Turkey under Mustafa
Kemal Atatürk being the only notable exception by 1980.[11]
The nature of the preceding government is also a factor in whether a military
dictatorship forms. Democracies are most at risk of becoming military
dictatorships shortly after their formation. When a new democracy is formed,
the government's institutions are fragile and civil government may not have
organized its control over the military. Oligarchies prevent military
dictatorships by maintaining an equilibrium, keeping the military strong
enough to maintain the oligarchy while providing incentives to encourage
loyalty.[1]
The risk assessment process for military officers considering dictatorial rule
is distinct from that of other potential dictators. Military officers engaging
in a coup face lower risks compared to other attempts to establish
dictatorships, as most officers are often allowed to retain their positions if
the dictatorship does not survive, with only the military dictator and the
highest ranking officers facing significant risk.[12] Instead, officers in
professionalized militaries will consider the risk to the military in its
entirety rather than their individual risk, as institutional risk is much
higher.[13]
Some factors can mitigate the change of a military dictatorship forming, and
these may be implemented in regions where military dictatorships are common.
Constitutional provisions may be enacted to enforce penalties for military
officers involved in coups, alternate military bodies may be created that do
not answer to the army, military officers may be given positions in civil
government, or the military may be reduced in size and resources. Such
measures have been found to have mixed results.[14]
## Stability
Georgios Papadopoulos stands in military uniform, flanked by two other men in
uniform
Military dictator Georgios Papadopoulos of the Greek junta with two of his
fellow military officers
The duration and stability of military dictatorships vary considerably, even
within a single region.[15] Military dictatorships are generally less stable
than other regimes. The average military dictatorship lasts only five
years,[16] and the average military dictator is only in power for three
years.[17] When military dictators are toppled, they are often succeeded by
further military coups and new military dictators seizing power within the
dictatorship.[18] An example of this were the series of coups and counter-coup
attempts witnessed in Syria following the 1963 coup d'etat by the Military
Committe of Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party which established a military
dictatorship that survives to the present day. The disarray of the system was
reduced only after the 1970 coup by General Hafez al-Assad, after creating a
coup-proof system led by Alawi-dominated army elites fervently loyal to Assad
dynasty; which served to consolidate the Ba'athist rule.[19][20] The most
immediate threats to military dictators are the military officers that they
depend on, making long term stability difficult.[21]
Military dictatorships are unique among regime types in that those in power
often do not wish to remain so. Many military officers will choose to end the
military's involvement in politics if it appears to be having a negative
effect on the military's cohesion, its legitimacy, or its interests.[22] When
politicization leads to factionalism, in can weaken the military's hold on
power and discourage leaders from further political involvement.[23] Due to
their typical status as the only organized armed presence in a given country,
military dictatorships typically relinquish power willingly.[24] The
legitimacy of a military dictatorship is often contingent on the promise to
step down once conditions have been established for a civilian government, and
resistance can form against a regime that holds power beyond this point.[25]
Individual military dictators generally become more secure as they spend more
time in office, as they are able to shift power away from military
institutions by creating civilian and paramilitary forces to keep them in
check. Dictators that do not create these institutions are often removed more
quickly.[26] Highly professional militaries with coherence and discipline
benefit from sharing power between military officers, while less professional
militaries often find it necessary to build support among the civilian
government.[21] Less professional militaries are less stable, and they are
also more prone to corruption and more likely to consolidate power.[27]
### Democratization
As authoritarian regimes, military dictatorships depend on the restriction of
democracy to retain power. The centralization of power and the restriction of
liberties such as freedom of speech and due process prevent democratic
institutions from developing.[28] Despite these restrictions, military
dictatorships are more likely to democratize than other forms of dictatorship,
particularly if power has not consolidated in the hands of a single
officer.[29] Military rulers are more likely to negotiate and relinquish power
willingly than other dictators, as they typically have the option to return to
military life and would rather preserve the military as an institution than
risk its destruction in civil conflict.[13] Public support for democracy is
taken more seriously by military dictatorships than in other regimes, and
public unrest may prompt a military dictatorship to initiate
democratization.[30] Human development is correlated with a society's capacity
and desire for democracy, and in turn, with a military regime's willingness to
relinquish power. Urbanization and industrialization support the creation of a
middle class that is better equipped for civic engagement. Democratization in
regions with lower human development often result in joint civilian-military
governance.[31]
The militarization of police can create long term stability issues after
democratization, as military and civilian policing are not immediately
compatible. The abolition of military police creates separate issues as it
effectively creates mass unemployment of individuals trained in violence.
Democracies borne from military dictatorships typically have higher homicide
rates than those of other democracies.[32]
## Structure
Augusto Pinochet stands in front of several other men
Chilean military dictator Augusto Pinochet and his Government Junta
The organization of power in a military dictatorship is heavily influenced by
the chain of command used in militaries. The dictator in a military
dictatorship is typically the highest ranking officer among those involved in
a coup, and the hierarchical structure of a military lends itself to efficient
control in a dictatorship led by military officers.[33] The military dictator
often holds strong control over the regional leaders that they appoint, as
they are subject to the dictator's orders under the chain of command.[34]
Junior officers sometimes take power through a military coup, but this
typically only takes place if factionalism has broken down the traditional
command structure, and most coups led by junior officers defer to senior
officers after seizing power.[35]
The inner circle that carries out the dictator's orders in a military
dictatorship is made up of other military officers. These officers are
responsible for representing the forces under their command in the government
and maintaining their loyalty to the regime. Military dictators are often
limited in choosing their inner circle, as they are expected to comply with
standard procedure for military promotion.[36] As these officers have control
over large numbers of soldiers and weapons, dictators have strong incentive to
appease them, and they can serve as a constraining force on the dictator.[37]
In some cases, military officers may be pressured to retire from the military
upon taking power, limiting their ability to control military promotions and
postings while ruling as dictator.[38] The need to consider the wishes of
soldiers and officers causes policy in a military dictatorship to heavily
favor the military, including increased military spending and other benefits
for enlisted members.[36]
Civilians are subject to the decisions of military leadership, typically
without any role in decision making, and force is used to ensure
compliance.[39] Civilian presence in the government is sometimes used to
create legitimacy, though this varies between regimes. The military may rule
through a civilian government, or there may be no civilian presence in the
government at all. Military dictators may also attempt to shift power toward a
civilian or party-controlled government over which they have more personal
control.[40] Skilled civilians may be given significant positions in an
otherwise military-controlled government, but they are subject to the wishes
of the military.[5] Some military dictatorships appoint representatives that
nominally serve as the civilian voice in government, but these individuals are
selected by the military without any input from the people.[34]
### Classification
Different definitions and criteria may be used to determine whether a
government constitutes a military dictatorship. Some scholars may classify any
authoritarian regime led by a military officer as a military dictatorship,
while stricter definitions may require certain standards of the military as a
professionalized institution.[41] Some dictatorships may blend elements of
different classifications, allowing for military dictatorships to also be
personalist or one-party dictatorships.[42] Military dictatorships can be
further classified as military juntas, in which power is shared by military
officers, and military strongmen, in which power is held by a single military
dictator.[43]
A military junta is a type of leadership structure in a military dictatorship
in which a committee of military officers rules in unison. The junta typically
includes the leader of each branch of the military and sometimes the state
police.[36] Many juntas present themselves as restorers of peace, adopting
titles along the lines of "Committee of National Restoration", or "National
Liberation Committee". Juntas often appoint one member as the head, effective
designating that person the dictator.[6]
Strongmen are dictators that rule as both military dictators and personalist
dictators. They seize power and rule through the military, but they do not
meaningfully share their power with the military, ruling unilaterally.[43]
These dictatorships become increasingly personalist as the ruler consolidates
power and subjugates rivals, eventually culminating in cults of
personality.[44]
An insurgency is an informal group of militants that attempt to seize power in
a government. When insurgents form a dictatorship, they are not constrained by
formal military procedures, but their lack of organization can increase the
likelihood of opposing factions developing within the group.[45] Insurgencies
sometimes grant military titles to their leaders, but they do not adopt the
structure of a true military, and they are not necessarily recognized as
military dictatorships.[46]
## Function and policy
Military dictatorships vary greatly in how they function, what ideologies they
proclaim, and what policies they enforce.[47] The military is well-equipped to
seek and maintain political power, as it is often more modernized than other
institutions in a given country, with access to resources and training not
available to civil leaders.[48] The level of direct military involvement in
governance depends on how the military institution is structured. In some
cases, the military may be unable to have its interests heard, depending on
how integrated the military is with state actors and whether power is divided
among military officers.[49] Similar to absolute monarchies, military
dictatorships traditionally adhere to a classical conception of dictatorship
that rejects partisan politics and allows other institutions, such as
churches, to exist and hold power. This is contrasted with totalitarianism,
which engages in control of all ideological and social elements within the
dictatorship.[50]
Military dictatorships may rule directly, implementing a specific ideology and
vision, or they may rule as arbitrators that see themselves as protectors of
the nation and the government. These arbitrator dictatorships tend only to
last until civilian government can be restored, while direct rulers seek to
consolidate their own power and reject civilian rule as inferior.[51] Policies
of a military dictatorship are made through decree from military leadership
and enforced by the military in its entirety, sometimes without warning or
advance notice.[39] The motivations of the military are often different than
that of other rulers in dictatorships. Members of the military are typically
concerned with the preservation of the military rather than seeking power for
its own sake. As such, internal divisions in the military are often seen as a
greater threat than external forces.[13]
Political factions are less likely to form among elites within military
dictatorships, as military officers are more likely to be aligned in policy
preferences and to prioritize military unity, allowing for more efficient
implementation of policy.[52] Military training often emphasizes unity and
cohesiveness within the military. These ideas are reinforced by coordinated
action through training and military operations, and factionalism is subject
to increase when militaries are not actively engaged in these and there is not
a clear objective.[53]
Though approximately half of dictatorships hold unfair elections to
consolidate power, military dictatorships are less likely to do so, with less
than one quarter of military dictatorships holding elections.[54]
Many dictators have chosen to emphasize their strength by incorporating
military tradition into their personal styles, such as including military
ranks in their formal titles and wearing military uniforms. While common among
military dictators, these strategies have also been used by civilian
dictators.[55] Other military dictators have avoided demonstrating their
allegiance to the military by dressing in civilian clothes and removing their
military ranks so as to invoke the legitimacy of a civilian government.[56]
Militarism among dictators has become less common in the 21st century as
dictators have emphasized public approval over ruling through fear.[57]
### Use of force
Several men in a line wear helmets and brandish rifles with bayonets
Military forces during the military dictatorship in Brazil
Military dictatorships rely disproportionately on force relative to other
dictatorships, as the individuals running the government are more experienced
in military means than political or diplomatic means.[33] Military officers
are more inclined to view foreign relations as confrontational than diplomatic
for the same reason. Military activity is seen as routine, and military
dictators are less likely to ascribe high cost to the use of military force.
Conversely, diplomacy is seen as higher cost as it may strengthen civilian
control of the military.[43] Threats issued by military dictatorships are
generally seen as more credible than those of other regimes, but they are less
likely to escalate into conflict.[58] Military dictatorships may still be
challenged by inefficient police forces, as the military structure must be
repurposed for internal suppression and soldiers are often unwilling to fight
unarmed civilians.[59] Paramilitary forces and civilian police forces are
often created under military dictatorships to supplement the military for this
reason.[60]
Despite the heavy influence of military tradition, however, military
dictatorships are not necessarily more militaristic or more prone to external
conflict. The use of military force internally restricts the ability to
project it externally, and vice versa. As military dictatorships depend on
internal use of the military, few military dictatorships maintain combat
readiness for conflicts with other countries. The use of the military as an
oppressive force also reduces civilian support for militarism, resulting in
fewer willing enlistments and less war effort collaboration between civilians
and the military during times of conflict. The politicization of the military
introduces further weakness into the military as a means of projecting power,
as officers are often in political conflict with one another at the expense of
the soldiers under their command.[11]
## History
### Early military dictatorships
An artwork details several leaders in traditional Japanese uniforms
A woodblock print of the rulers of the Tokugawa shogunate (Tsukioka
Yoshitoshi, 19th century)
An early military dictatorship formed in Korea under the Goguryeo kingdom in
642 under military leader Yeon Gaesomun.[61] Yeon took absolute power after
having the monarch killed and placing another member of the royal family on
the throne as a figurehead.[62] Another military dictatorship developed in
Korea in 1170 when the military officers of the Goryeo dynasty revolted
against the expansion of civil service at the expense of the military. The
monarch was again replaced with a relative to serve as a figurehead, and a
series of military officers ruled over the Goryeo military regime as they
sought to undermine and seize power from one another. Power was consolidated
by Choe Chung-heon through a coup in 1196, and his descendants would rule
until 1258.[63]
Japan was ruled by a series of military rulers called shoguns, beginning with
the formation of the Kamakura shogunate in 1185. While shoguns nominally
operated under the Emperor of Japan, they served as de facto rulers of Japan
and the Japanese military.[64] Japan was ruled by shoguns until the fall of
the Meiji Restoration that brought about the fall of the Tokugawa shogunate in
1868.[65] During the Lê dynasty of Vietnam between the 16th and 18th
centuries, the country was under de facto military rule by two rival military
families: the Trịnh lords in the north and the Nguyễn lords in the south.[66]
The Commonwealth of England under Oliver Cromwell, formed in 1649 after the
Second English Civil War, has been described as a military dictatorship by its
contemporary opponents and by some modern academics.[67][68][69]
### 19th century and World Wars
A painting of Juan Manuel de Rosas from the waist up
A depiction of Argentine military dictator Juan Manuel de Rosas (Helen
Bramwell Norris, c. 1890)
Latin America was the only region of the world where military dictatorships
were common in the 19th century.[11] The Spanish American wars of independence
took place in the early-19th century, creating many new Latin American
governments. Many of these governments fell under the control of caudillos, or
personalist dictators. Most caudillos came from a military background, and
their rule was typically associated with pageantry and glamor. Caudillos were
often nominally constrained by a constitution, but the caudillo had the power
to draft a new constitution as he wished. Many are noted for their cruelty,
while others are honored as national heroes.[70] Dictatorships in Latin
America persisted into the 20th century, and further military coups
established new regimes, often in the name of nationalism.[71]
Several military dictatorships developed in Eastern Europe during the interwar
period. The rule of Józef Piłsudski in Poland developed in the style of a
Latin American dictatorship with a military coup and a brief armed conflict,
but it became significantly more militant than other military dictatorships
due to the perceived threat from the surrounding great powers.[11] Power was
willingly transferred to the military by Carol I of Romania, establishing Ion
Antonescu as a military dictator styled as a "Conducător".[72]
### Postwar military dictatorships
Reactionary military dictatorships were common during the Cold War, with
dictators that maintained support among the middle class and upper class by
implementing economic reforms and strengthening the dictatorship's stance in
international economics. Prominent examples included Chile under Augusto
Pinochet and Greece under the Greek junta.[73] In Latin America, 17 of 20
countries experienced reactionary military dictatorship at some point between
World War II and the end of the Cold War.[74] Some reformist military
dictatorships also existed at this time, maintaining popular support by
appealing to labor groups and the working class. Argentina under Juan Perón
was the most prominent of these, though other examples of reformist militarism
occurred in this period, including in Egypt under Gamal Abdel Nasser and
Portugal under the Armed Forces Movement.[75]
A global reversal of military dictatorships began in the 1970s and 1980s when
militaries increasingly gave up power in favor of civilian rule.[18] Since the
end of the Cold War, the global community has taken a stronger stance against
military dictatorships and other forms of undemocratic government.[76]
#### Africa
Military dictatorships were one of the two regime types that became common in
Africa after decolonization in the 1960s through the 1980s, alongside one-
party states.[77] At the time of decolonization, no meaningful institutions or
national identity existed to maintain democracy or economic growth.[78] Due to
the colonial history of African nations and the higher frequency of civil than
external conflict, militaries in sub-Saharan Africa have struggled to develop
as institutions, allowing military dictatorships in Africa to more easily
become personalist dictatorships.[79] Military oppression had been a common
occurrence under colonial rule, and military institutions in Africa were
already predisposed to internal control. Several African military dictators,
such as Hamani Diori of Niger, Jean-Bédel Bokassa of the Central African
Republic, and Idi Amin of Uganda, were at one point involved with colonial
militaries.[77]
Between 1959 and 2001, 14 African countries experienced at least three
successful military coups.[80] Nigeria was particularly affected, with six
military dictators between two separate regimes.[81] The military dictatorship
in Nigeria was one of the most prominent in Africa, forming shortly after
independence and persisting for most of the century thereafter.[82] By 1975,
half of African countries were subject to military rule.[83] Many African
militaries traditionally saw themselves as guardians that oversaw the nation,
intervening when civilian government exerted authority over the military.
Other military dictatorships in Africa sought power simply to provide
advantages for its members and its political interests.[77] African military
dictators often seized power citing a failure of civilian government, banning
all political activity and suspending the constitution.[84] In many cases,
former military dictators in Africa would later seek election as civilian
rulers.[85] Several African military dictators nominally adopted socialist
messaging to gain support from neighboring one-party socialist
dictatorships.[86]
Public rejection of military dictatorship significantly increased in the 1980s
as pro-democracy protests took place across Africa.[87] Democratization of
military dictatorships became more common by 1995, when approximately half of
the countries in Africa were democracies. Several of the surviving military
dictatorships in Africa also enacted measures to increase citizen
participation in local governance. Instances of military dictatorships
challenging democracy continued, however, with several military governments
cancelling elections and overthrowing democratic governments in the 1990s.[88]
#### East and Southeast Asia
See also: History of civil-military relations in Southeast Asia
South Korea became a military dictatorship following the May 16 coup in 1961,
following years of military buildup and involvement of the military in
politics.[89] To maintain power, the military organized the Democratic
Republican Party to hold political power after nominally returning to civilian
government in 1963.[90] A series of military dictators ruled until
democratization in 1987, though the military remained influential in politics
thereafter.[91]
Indonesia underwent a long military dictatorship under the New Order of
Suharto from 1968 to 1999. This dictatorship introduced some liberal reforms
and saw relative stability until unrest caused by the 1997 Asian financial
crisis.[92] Myanmar has become an exception among military dictatorships for
its long military rule, and it has been recognized as "the most durable
military regime worldwide". The military first seized power from 1958–1960 and
again from 1962–2011,[21] then maintaining indirect rule before seizing
control a third time in 2021.[93] Neighboring Thailand has seen a similar
trend, where the military has ruled directly or indirectly for most years
since 1932, with only four civilian governments being formed between 1932 and
2011.[3]
#### Europe
In 1981, General Wojciech Jaruzelski of Poland became first secretary of the
Polish United Workers' Party, the ruling party of Poland's one-party
dictatorship. Two months later, he proclaimed martial law, putting the country
under military rule and replacing a one-party dictatorship with a military
dictatorship.[94] Martial law ended in 1983, but Jaruzelski retained political
power.[95]
#### Latin America
Argentina was particularly susceptible to military dictatorship during the
Cold War, with ten separate military dictators ruling across four different
regimes between 1943 and 1983. Brazil and Guatemala also saw five and six
separate military dictators, respectively.[96] The military dictatorship in
Brazil was unique both in that it lasted nearly 20 years and that it allowed
elections with competing political parties.[97] El Salvador became a
dictatorship in 1931, becoming a rare example of a partisan military
dictatorship.[98] The country was ruled by the military-run National Pro
Patria Party from 1933 to 1944, the Revolutionary Party of Democratic
Unification from 1950 to 1960, and the National Conciliation Party from 1962
to 1979.[99][100]
Military dictatorship resurged in Latin America in the 1960s, with unstable
economic conditions allowing military juntas to take power.[101] Between 1967
and 1991, 12 Latin American countries underwent at least one military coup,
with Haiti and Honduras experiencing three and Bolivia experiencing
eight.[102] A large wave of military dictatorships occurred in the 1970s,[15]
and most of Latin America was under the rule of military dictatorships by the
middle of the decade.[103] Foreign aid to support Latin American militaries
was one factor that allowed further military coups, and the political
polarization of the Cold War played a role in creating the political
instability that incentivized military rule.[104]
Several Latin American countries began to democratize by the early-1980s,[103]
and the number of coups declined as well.[102] Military dictatorship had
virtually disappeared in Latin America by the end of the Cold War. The
Argentine Carapintadas were unable to seize power in 1990 because there was
strong public opposition to military rule. By the time of the 2009 Honduran
coup, such events were considered unusual in the region.[105]
#### Muslim world
In the Muslim world, a form of Islamic military dictatorship developed in
Libya and Pakistan.[106] Pakistan presented an example of a dictatorship that
was equally military and personalist, in which General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq
ruled as a personalist dictator but incorporated the military into civil
government.[107] Yemen was divided by military rule and one-party rule until
the military-ruled Yemen Arab Republic seized control of the entire nation in
the Yemeni Civil War of 1994.[106] Several Middle Eastern countries were the
subject of military coups in the 1950s and 1960s, including Iraq, Syria, North
Yemen, and South Yemen.[108] Military coups have since been rare in the Middle
East with the exceptions of Iraq and Turkey.[109]
## See also
* Civil–military relations
* Films depicting Latin American military dictatorships
* List of political leaders who held active military ranks in office
* Military rule (disambiguation)
* Stratocracy
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* Geddes, Barbara; Wright, Joseph; Frantz, Erica (2018). How Dictatorships Work. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781107115828.
* Guriev, Sergei; Treisman, Daniel (2022-04-05). Spin Dictators: The Changing Face of Tyranny in the 21st Century. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-22446-6.
* Onwumechili, Chuka (1998). African Democratization and Military Coups. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 9780275963255.
* Remmer, Karen L. (1991). Military Rule in Latin America. Westview. ISBN 0-8133-8450-8.
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*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
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*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
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*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
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*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
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*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
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*[14:42 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[17:56 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[11:21 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[11:39 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[11:35 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[08:31 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[14:01 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[13:28 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[12:15 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[08:44 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[Ref.]: References
*[PSGC]: Philippine Standard Geographic Code
*[SEC]: Securities and Exchange Commission
*[RTC]: Regional Trial Court
*[Crim.]: Criminal
*[ BBC ]: British Broadcasting Corporation
*[Barangay]: Total number of barangays
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|
spiderum_text/1255 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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Google Workspace
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Mission: Very possible. Very private.
Quote Tweet
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Gmail
@gmail
·
Jan 31
Your mission, should you choose to accept it, is to ensure that your emails
are read only by approved personnel, and only for an approved period of time,
by activating confidential mode on #Gmail → https://goo.gle/3vHB85j
Embedded video
0:25
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Mr. Roy
@tgen888
·
Feb 1
Replying to
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proton gmail
*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
|
spiderum_text/1980 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
Tinhte
Mạng xã hội
Điện thoạiAndroid
1
2
Hướng dẫn cài đặt Android 12 Developer Preview cho điện thoại Pixel
Pnghuy
\+ Theo dõi
2 nămBình luận: 56
Lưu bài viết
Thông báo
Thông báo
Hướng dẫn cài đặt Android 12 Developer Preview cho điện thoại Pixel
Google sáng nay đã phát hành bản preview đầu tiên của Android 12 dành cho lập
trình viên (developer preview) với nhiều tính năng mới, mình cũng vừa cài đặt
lên chiếc Pixel 4 và Pixel 5 để trải nghiệm, sẵn đây mình cũng chia sẻ với anh
em cách để cài đặt Android 12 Developer Preview lên dòng máy Pixel để trải
nghiệm sớm Android 12 nhé.
Lưu ý anh em nhớ backup lại mọi dữ liệu cần thiết nhé để đề phòng bất trắc xảy
ra.
Hiện tại Google mới chỉ tung ra bản preivew cho dòng máy Pixel mà thôi, nếu
theo quy trình thì khoảng bản preview 2 hoặc preview 3 Google sẽ mở rộng thêm
một số dòng máy. Còn về các dòng máy Pixel được hỗ trợ lên Android 12 sẽ có:
* Pixel 3/ 3 XL.
* Pixel 3a/ 3a XL.
* Pixel 4/ 4 XL.
* Pixel 4a / 4a 5G.
* Pixel 5.
Okie chúng ta bắt đầu đi cài đặt Android 12 Preview nhé. Đầu tiên anh em tải
về file cài đặt phù hợp với điện thoại của mình. Link ở dưới đây:
Quảng cáo
Android 12 Developer Preview, bấm vào để tải.
Xong xuôi đâu đó thì anh em tải tiếp ADB Tools, link dưới đây:
* ADB Tools for Windows, bấm vào để tải.
* ADB Tools for macOS, bấm vào để tải.
* ADB Tools for Linux, bấm vào để tải.
Sau khi tải ADB Tools về hẳn hoi rồi, giải nén ra và cài đặt vào nơi nào đó
anh em muốn. Sau đó quay lại điện thoại, mở trình USB Debugging mode lên, để
mở USB Debugging mode, anh em làm như sau:
* About Phone > Build number, chạm vào đó 7 lần.
* Quay lại Settings > System > Developer Options.
* Kéo xuống anh em sẽ thấy dòng USB Debugging, bật nó lên.
* Ở dưới có dòng Wireless Debugging, bật nó lên luôn.
Okie xong rồi thì anh em cắm cáp kết nối điện thoại từ máy tính, cho phép kết
nối vào chế độ debugging. Tới đây sẽ cụ thể như sau:
* Mở trình Command Prompt/ Terminal, gõ lệnh adb devices. (macOS thì thêm ./ trước mỗi lệnh).
* Chấp nhận kết nối trên điện thoại để máy tính và điện thoại nhận ra nhau, sau đó gõ lại lệnh đó lần nữa để kiểm tra.
Rồi bây giờ chúng ta sẽ tiến hành sideload Android 12 Developer Preview vào
điện thoại Pixel nhé.
* Đối với file cài đặt Android 12 Developer Preview anh em vừa tải về ở link trên, đem nó ra chỗ nào đó dễ tìm, gợi ý luôn là để ra ngoài desktop, sau đó đổi tên file lại cho dễ nhớ (không giải nén nhé anh em).
* (Dành riêng cho macOS) Từ trình Terminal, anh em gõ lệnh cd /users/<tenmaytinh>/desktop/platform-tools. Đây chính là trình ADB tools khi nãy anh em mới tải về (nhớ là giải nén nó ra desktop nhé, tên folder nó là platform-tools).
* Tiếp theo anh em kéo thả file .zip của Android 12 Developer Preview từ ngoài desktop vào trong folder Platform-tools cũng ở desktop luôn.
Quảng cáo
* Tiếp theo từ máy tính anh em gõ lệnh adb reboot recovery. Lệnh này sẽ đưa điện thoại Pixel của anh em vào chế độ Recovery mode.
* Ở trên điện thoại sau khi vào recovery mode, anh em sẽ thấy logo chú robot xanh nằm ngửa ra đó, tiếp tục nhấn giữ phím nguồn và phím tăng âm lượng, khoảng 1 giây hơn xíu thôi, rồi thả nút tăng âm lượng ra, anh em sẽ truy cập vào recovery mode hoàn chỉnh.
* Tới đây anh em dùng nút tăng giảm âm lượng để điều hướng, chọn dòng Apply update from ADB.
* Tiếp theo ở trên máy tính gõ lệnh adb sideload <file>.zip. File ở đây chính là tên file cài đặt Android 12 Preview anh em vừa đổi tên lúc nãy.
* Tới đây thì ngồi chờ để sideload Android 12 vào máy thôi, khoảng 5 phút là xong. Tiếp theo trên điện thoại anh em chọn Reboot System Now (bằng nút nguồn) để khởi động lại điện thoại Pixel, sau đó thì tận hưởng Android 12 thôi 😁.
Để xem trước các tính năng mới có trong Android 12, anh em xem thêm:
Đã có Android 12 Developer Preview cho dòng Pixel, mời anh em tải về.
Tổng hợp những điểm mới/thay đổi trên Android 12 Developer Preview
Chúc anh em thành công :D.
Thích5
56 bình luận
Báo xấu
* ThíchThích
* YêuYêu
* HahaHaha
* WowWow
* KhócKhóc
* GiậnGiận
Thích
Bình luận
FactTinhte Fact
Facebook
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Snapdragon 8 Gen 3 sẽ có thiết lập 1 + 5 + 2, được công bố sớm hơn thường lệ?
Tags:androidgooglethủ thuậtbản cập nhậtdeveloper previewgoogle pixelpixel
5android 12
Đăng nhập một phát, tha hồ bình luận (^ 3^)
Tathang90
ĐẠI BÀNG
2 năm
Báo xấu
Phức tạp thế này chắc mình mới chuyển sang androi khó làm theo. Giá như sài
beta tải dễ như ios lại ngon quá
Thích1
Xem thêm 9 trả lời cũ hơn...
binhtam
TÍCH CỰC
2 năm
Báo xấu
ChiliPepper đã nói: ↑
> Phức tạp thế này chắc mình mới chuyển sang androi khó làm theo. Giá như sài
> beta tải dễ như ios lại ngon quá
@ChiliPepper Bêta của Android enroll trên web luôn bạn ơi, chả cần download
profile như IOS đâu, muốn thoát cũng làm trên web luôn.
bản này là bản DP mà có phải beta đâu
Tathang90
ĐẠI BÀNG
2 năm
Báo xấu
binhtam đã nói: ↑
> Bêta của Android enroll trên web luôn bạn ơi, chả cần download profile như
> IOS đâu, muốn thoát cũng làm trên web luôn.
> bản này là bản DP mà có phải beta đâu
@binhtam Thanks bạn.mới chuyển sang androi nên hơi bỡ ngỡ 😁
iPhonecafe
CAO CẤP
2 năm
Báo xấu
ChiliPepper đã nói: ↑
> Phức tạp thế này chắc mình mới chuyển sang androi khó làm theo. Giá như sài
> beta tải dễ như ios lại ngon quá
@ChiliPepper Giai đoạn này đang là Developer Preview, chưa phải beta bạn ơi.
Sang beta nó còn dễ hơn cả iOS cơ. Ở chỗ là chỉ cần đăng ký profile chơi beta
là sẽ cập nhật OTA được, hơn thế nếu khi cần quay về bản final trước đó chỉ
cần hủy đăng ký chương trình beta đi nó lại sẽ update (downgrade) về bản final
trước đó.
杜越英
TÍCH CỰC
2 năm
Báo xấu
Cao Văn Kế đã nói: ↑
> IOS bá chủ nhưng bạn có dám lên mỗi khi nó cho cập nhật hay là đi hóng hớt
> xem có bugs hay không 😂
@Cao Văn Kế Mình cứ bản nào mới là lên, thậm chí còn xài cả bản beta, chả vấn
đề gi
Đạt Haha
ĐẠI BÀNG
2 năm
Báo xấu
'adb' is not recognized as an internal or external command, operable program
or batch file.
Gõ vào command prompt nó ghi vậy là sao bạn ơi ?
Xem thêm 8 trả lời cũ hơn...
Number_Zero3693
TÍCH CỰC
2 năm
Báo xấu
prettylife.1505 đã nói: ↑
> ai bị giống mình k nhỉ ?
> p/s: ad chỉ thiếu, nên ai k biết là mù luôn 😆)
@prettylife.1505 xóa <rom>, bạn gõ adb sideload rồi kéo, thả file rom vào đấy,
không kéo thả được thì shift + chuột phải vào rom, chọn copy as path rồi paste
vào sau sideload
prettylife.1505
TÍCH CỰC
2 năm
Báo xấu
Number_Zero3693 đã nói: ↑
> xóa <rom>, bạn gõ adb sideload rồi kéo, thả file rom vào đấy, không kéo thả
> được thì shift + chuột phải vào rom, chọn copy as path rồi paste vào sau
> sideload
@Number_Zero3693 Là gõ "ADB sideload", sau đó kéo file ROM vào hả b
Number_Zero3693
TÍCH CỰC
2 năm
Báo xấu
prettylife.1505 đã nói: ↑
> Là gõ "ADB sideload", sau đó kéo file ROM vào hả b
@prettylife.1505 đúng rồi bạn nhé
Number_Zero3693
TÍCH CỰC
2 năm
Báo xấu
prettylife.1505 đã nói: ↑
> Là gõ "ADB sideload", sau đó kéo file ROM vào hả b
@prettylife.1505 nhưng khuyên bạn nên chạy trên cmd, đừng chạy trên powershell
iPhonecafe
CAO CẤP
2 năm
Báo xấu
Vừa cài sạch bong xong, nói chung cũng không phức tạp như bài hướng dẫn trên
Pnghuy
VIP
2 năm
Báo xấu
iPhonecafe đã nói: ↑
> Vừa cài sạch bong xong, nói chung cũng không phức tạp như bài hướng dẫn trên
@iPhonecafe Thì kể ra chi tiết nghĩ nó phức tạp, chứ toàn bộ nhiêu đó làm có 5
phút
Thích1
mylong_518
ĐẠI BÀNG
2 năm
Báo xấu
Ad, cho mình hỏi, đang dùng esim, khi cài thì có phải ad lại esim k admin?
Thanks
Pnghuy
VIP
2 năm
Báo xấu
mylong_518 đã nói: ↑
> Ad, cho mình hỏi, đang dùng esim, khi cài thì có phải ad lại esim k admin?
> Thanks
@mylong_518 Mình không rõ vì mình ko dùng eSIM
Đạt Haha
ĐẠI BÀNG
2 năm
Báo xấu
mylong_518 đã nói: ↑
> Ad, cho mình hỏi, đang dùng esim, khi cài thì có phải ad lại esim k admin?
> Thanks
@mylong_518 Mình cài xong rồi. Không mất dữ liệu, không mất esim
Thích1
tuanh1985
ĐẠI BÀNG
2 năm
Báo xấu
Đợi khi nào có OTA lên luôn 😃
NFTBOY
TÍCH CỰC
2 năm
Báo xấu
Thank bác kk
NFTBOY
TÍCH CỰC
2 năm
Báo xấu
Mà giờ up lên bản DP này rồi thì khi nào có bản Beta có up qua cài đặt -> hệ
thống được ko nhỉ ?
Pnghuy
VIP
2 năm
Báo xấu
Đức.Chung đã nói: ↑
> Mà giờ up lên bản DP này rồi thì khi nào có bản Beta có up qua cài đặt -> hệ
> thống được ko nhỉ ?
@Đức.Chung khi nào có public beta thì download profile về rồi up OTA bình
thường bạn
Thích1
NFTBOY
TÍCH CỰC
2 năm
Báo xấu
Pnghuy đã nói: ↑
> khi nào có public beta thì download profile về rồi up OTA bình thường bạn
@Pnghuy Oke thank bác
Thích1
✎﹏нσàиɢ тυâиᵛᶰシ
VIP
2 năm
Báo xấu
Không có máy. AE nào lên rồi cho bài viết oánh giá chi tiết.
kedote
VIP
2 năm
Báo xấu
✎﹏нσàиɢ тυâиᵛᶰシ đã nói: ↑
> Không có máy. AE nào lên rồi cho bài viết oánh giá chi tiết.
@✎﹏нσàиɢ тυâиᵛᶰシ Mình có mà chẳng lên, ra chính thức rồi lên luôn, giờ xem
review thấy chưa đáng để thử 😁
Thích1
pttalex231217
TÍCH CỰC
2 năm
Báo xấu
Hay. Để rảnh rỗi thử xem sao
-Mr.S-
VIP
2 năm
Báo xấu
Chả khác gì so với bản 10 và 11, anh em không nên lên, mất dữ liệu, lại mất
công xuống.
Pnghuy
VIP
2 năm
Báo xấu
manchirua đã nói: ↑
> Chả khác gì so với bản 10 và 11, anh em không nên lên, mất dữ liệu, lại mất
> công xuống.
@manchirua Không mất dữ liệu nha bạn
Văn Khắc Mạnh
ĐẠI BÀNG
2 năm
Báo xấu
Đã đọc bài
Number_Zero3693
TÍCH CỰC
2 năm
Báo xấu
Bạn viết hướng dãn thiếu rồi. Trên win cũng cần phải gõ lệnh cd vào platform
tool rồi mới chạy được lệnh adb. Nếu không muốn cd thì có 3 cách :
1\. mở folder platform tools lên, giữ shift + chuột phải > open command window
here
2\. cài app windows terminal > mở platform tools, chuột phải chọn open
interminal
3\. add PATH cho ADB, add path xong chỉ cần mở cmd rồi ấn lệnh adb luôn
Hondacodon287
VIP
2 năm
Báo xấu
Bố khỉ. Vừa bán 4xl ,còn có mỗi con pixel 2.
Im lặng đi
ruanyoufu
TÍCH CỰC
2 năm
Báo xấu
Quy trình cài quá phức tạp
Đông June
VIP
2 năm
Báo xấu
Thôi đợi bản beta rồi lên
thanglong858
ĐẠI BÀNG
2 năm
Báo xấu
Đông June đã nói: ↑
> Thôi đợi bản beta rồi lên
@Đông June Mình thì đợi khi nào có giao diện mới như ảnh rò rỉ thì lên.
tuandung204
TÍCH CỰC
2 năm
Báo xấu
Bác nào giúp e cài Android 11 cho Sony XZ1 với.
E cũng bị lỗi "adb' is not recognized as an internal or external command,
operable program or batch file." như này. 😔
Pnghuy
VIP
2 năm
Báo xấu
tuandung204 đã nói: ↑
> Bác nào giúp e cài Android 11 cho Sony XZ1 với.
>
> E cũng bị lỗi "adb' is not recognized as an internal or external command,
> operable program or batch file." như này. 😔
@tuandung204 Bạn gắn đường dẫn đến thư mục adb trong gõ lệnh chưa, lệnh cd
mình có ghi ở trên đó
Thích1
Phu Alia
ĐẠI BÀNG
2 năm
Báo xấu
Chuẩn không cần phải chỉnh
95tuanle
CAO CẤP
2 năm
Báo xấu
Tet21: Gút chóp 1 like
1
2
Đăng nhập một phát, tha hồ bình luận (^ 3^)
Cá nhân
1. Tin mới
2. Sản phẩm công nghệ mới
3. Khuyến mãi
4. Sự kiện
5. Video
1. ### Tinh tế
1. Nội quy diễn đàn
2. Thỏa thuận sử dụng dịch vụ
3. Góp ý
4. Hỗ trợ, hướng dẫn
5. Liên hệ quảng cáo
6. Tinh tế RSS
2. ### Cộng đồng
1. Điện thoại
2. Máy tính
3. Camera
4. Xe
5. Khoa học công nghệ
3. ### Nhật Tảo
1. Mua bán điện thoại
2. Mua bán máy tính
3. Mua bán máy tính bảng
4. Mua bán camera
5. Mua bán đồng hồ thông minh
6. Mua bán xe
7. Mua bán điện máy
8. Mua bán sim, sim 3G
4. ### Liên kết
1. Cà phê Tinh tế
2. Khắc tên
3. ChiMua.vn
4. 1Tudien
5. NhacCuaTui
6. 5Giay
7. Webtretho
8. Biker Vietnam
5. ### Theo dõi chúng tôi
1. Facebook
2. Youtube
3. Flickr
4. Twitter
5. Google+
* Chịu trách nhiệm nội dung: Trần Mạnh Hiệp
* © 2023 Công ty Cổ phần MXH Tinh Tế
* Địa chỉ: Số 70 Bà Huyện Thanh Quan, P. Võ Thị Sáu, Quận 3, TPHCM
* Số điện thoại: 02862713156
* MST: 0313255119
* Giấy phép thiết lập MXH số 11/GP-BTTTT, Ký ngày: 08/01/2019
*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
|
spiderum_text/4032 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
Skip to main content
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* * * *
*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
|
spiderum_text/4795 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
# NRK
Meny
* Ekspandér Nyheter Nyheter
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Lukk meny
## Verden
* Urix
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* Korrespondentbrevet
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Ødeleggelser på Bantayan - STORE ØDELEGGELSER: Tyfonen som rammet Filippinene
8. november førte til massive ødeleggelser i flere samfunn på de filippinske
øyene. Dette bildet er fra Bantayan. - Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK
Ødeleggelser på Bantayan - STORE ØDELEGGELSER: Tyfonen som rammet Filippinene
8. november førte til massive ødeleggelser i flere samfunn på de filippinske
øyene. Dette bildet er fra Bantayan. - Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK
STORE ØDELEGGELSER: Tyfonen som rammet Filippinene 8. november førte til
massive ødeleggelser i flere samfunn på de filippinske øyene. Dette bildet er
fra Bantayan.
Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK
# 50 nye millioner til Filippinene
(TACLOBAN) utenriksminister Børge Brende ble møtt av et forferdelig syn i de
tyfonrammede områdene på Filippinene. De nye bistandsmillionene gjør Norge til
den tredje største giveren.
### Av
Portrett, Fotostudio - Foto: Ole Kaland / Ole Kaland, NRK Portrett, Fotostudio
- Foto: Ole Kaland / Ole Kaland, NRK
I Tacloban Anders Magnus
Farid Ighoubah - Foto: NRK ASSV / Farid Ighoubah - Foto: NRK ASSV /
Journalist Farid Ighoubah @faridighoubah
Anbefal
Tweet
+1
Send epost
Publisert 08.01.2014, kl. 06.57. Oppdatert 08.01.2014, kl. 07.22.
I dag tidlig lokal tid landet utenriksminister Børge Brende i syklonrammede
Tacloban på Filippinene. Det var litt av et syn som møtte ham.
## Nyhetstips 03030
Vet du om noe som kan være av interesse for NRK?
Tips oss!
I NRKs Nyhetssenter får du fortløpende nyhetsoppdateringer.
## Giverland
– Det ser jo helt forferdelig ut. Her er det klart at vi må bidra til
gjenoppbyggingen, sier Brende til NRK.
Her fikk han se ødeleggelsene etter den tropiske syklonen og den etterfølgende
flodbølgen som rammet store deler av Filippinene 8. november i fjor.
1. 1 Det nye fiskemarkedet - I Tacloban har innbyggerne måttet improvisere etter tyfonen. Det nye fiskemarkedet er et av eksemplene. - Foto: Philip Lote / NRK Det nye fiskemarkedet - I Tacloban har innbyggerne måttet improvisere etter tyfonen. Det nye fiskemarkedet er et av eksemplene. - Foto: Philip Lote / NRK
I Tacloban har innbyggerne måttet improvisere etter tyfonen. Det nye
fiskemarkedet er et av eksemplene.
Foto: Philip Lote / NRK
2. 2 Havnen utenfor nordspissen av Cebo var full av vrakrester - I havnene like utenfor landsbyen på nordspissen av Cebu lå vrakrestene tett i tett. - Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK Havnen utenfor nordspissen av Cebo var full av vrakrester - I havnene like utenfor landsbyen på nordspissen av Cebu lå vrakrestene tett i tett. - Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK
I havnene like utenfor landsbyen på nordspissen av Cebu lå vrakrestene tett i
tett.
Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK
3. 3 Anders Magnus på vei ombord i en båt på Filippinene - Anders Magnus på vei om bord i en båt som skulle frakte NRK ut til Bantayan. - Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK Anders Magnus på vei ombord i en båt på Filippinene - Anders Magnus på vei om bord i en båt som skulle frakte NRK ut til Bantayan. - Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK
Anders Magnus på vei om bord i en båt som skulle frakte NRK ut til Bantayan.
Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK
4. 4 Anders Magnus på vei om bord i en på på Filippinene - Dette var den eneste båten som fortsatt var i drift i denne landsbyen. - Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK Anders Magnus på vei om bord i en på på Filippinene - Dette var den eneste båten som fortsatt var i drift i denne landsbyen. - Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK
Dette var den eneste båten som fortsatt var i drift i denne landsbyen.
Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK
5. 5 Mannskapet ombord på en båt på Filippinene - Etter litt motortrøbbel fikk mannskapet båten på vannet. - Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK Mannskapet ombord på en båt på Filippinene - Etter litt motortrøbbel fikk mannskapet båten på vannet. - Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK
Etter litt motortrøbbel fikk mannskapet båten på vannet.
Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK
6. 6 En pastor foran kirken sin ble rammet av tyfonen - I den lille landsbyen på nordspissen av Cebu snakket NRK med en pastor som bare hadde rester igjen av en kirke. - Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK En pastor foran kirken sin ble rammet av tyfonen - I den lille landsbyen på nordspissen av Cebu snakket NRK med en pastor som bare hadde rester igjen av en kirke. - Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK
I den lille landsbyen på nordspissen av Cebu snakket NRK med en pastor som
bare hadde rester igjen av en kirke.
Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK
7. 7 Barn leker i vannkanten på nordspissen av Cebu - Barna fant alltid noe å leke med. - Foto: Krisitan Aanensen / NRK Barn leker i vannkanten på nordspissen av Cebu - Barna fant alltid noe å leke med. - Foto: Krisitan Aanensen / NRK
Barna fant alltid noe å leke med.
Foto: Krisitan Aanensen / NRK
8. 8 NRKs fotograf Stig Jaarvik i baugen på en båt på vei til Bantayan - NRKs fotograf, Stig Jaarvik, tok plass i baugen av båten på vei over til Bantayan. - Foto: Krisitan Aanensen / NRK NRKs fotograf Stig Jaarvik i baugen på en båt på vei til Bantayan - NRKs fotograf, Stig Jaarvik, tok plass i baugen av båten på vei over til Bantayan. - Foto: Krisitan Aanensen / NRK
NRKs fotograf, Stig Jaarvik, tok plass i baugen av båten på vei over til
Bantayan.
Foto: Krisitan Aanensen / NRK
9. 9 DR-korrespondent Søren Bendixen var også med på båtturen - Danmarks Radios korrespondent, Søren Bendixen, var også med på turen. - Foto: Krisitan Aanensen / NRK DR-korrespondent Søren Bendixen var også med på båtturen - Danmarks Radios korrespondent, Søren Bendixen, var også med på turen. - Foto: Krisitan Aanensen / NRK
Danmarks Radios korrespondent, Søren Bendixen, var også med på turen.
Foto: Krisitan Aanensen / NRK
10. 10 Anders Magnus og NRK.nos Kristian Aanensen på båttru på Filippinene - Det var også NRK.nos Kristian Aanensen. NRK Anders Magnus og NRK.nos Kristian Aanensen på båttru på Filippinene - Det var også NRK.nos Kristian Aanensen. NRK
Det var også NRK.nos Kristian Aanensen.
Foto: NRK
11. 11 Bantayan var en av de øyene som ble hardt rammet av tyfonen på Filippinene - Bantayan ligger en times båttur nord for øya Cebu, og var en av de øyene som ble hardt rammet av tyfonen på Filippinene. - Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK Bantayan var en av de øyene som ble hardt rammet av tyfonen på Filippinene - Bantayan ligger en times båttur nord for øya Cebu, og var en av de øyene som ble hardt rammet av tyfonen på Filippinene. - Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK
Bantayan ligger en times båttur nord for øya Cebu, og var en av de øyene som
ble hardt rammet av tyfonen på Filippinene.
Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK
12. 12 DR-korrespondent Søren Bendixen og hans fotograf på land på Bantayan - DR-korrespondent Søren Bendixen og hans fotograf, Kin Dang Trong, på land på Bantayan. - Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK DR-korrespondent Søren Bendixen og hans fotograf på land på Bantayan - DR-korrespondent Søren Bendixen og hans fotograf, Kin Dang Trong, på land på Bantayan. - Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK
DR-korrespondent Søren Bendixen og hans fotograf, Kin Dang Trong, på land på
Bantayan.
Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK
13. 13 NRK hadde med seg ris til Bantayan - NRK og DR var noen av de første som kom til Bantayan og hadde naturligvis med seg både rise og store mengder vann som ble delt ut til lokalbefolkningen. - Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK NRK hadde med seg ris til Bantayan - NRK og DR var noen av de første som kom til Bantayan og hadde naturligvis med seg både rise og store mengder vann som ble delt ut til lokalbefolkningen. - Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK
NRK og DR var noen av de første som kom til Bantayan og hadde naturligvis med
seg både rise og store mengder vann som ble delt ut til lokalbefolkningen.
Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK
14. 14 Vindens herjinger var tydelige på Bantayan - Vindens herjinger var tydelige på Bantayan. - Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK Vindens herjinger var tydelige på Bantayan - Vindens herjinger var tydelige på Bantayan. - Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK
Vindens herjinger var tydelige på Bantayan.
Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK
15. 15 Ødeleggelser på Bantayan - På vei opp fra stranden lå trær og lyktestolper strødd. - Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK Ødeleggelser på Bantayan - På vei opp fra stranden lå trær og lyktestolper strødd. - Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK
På vei opp fra stranden lå trær og lyktestolper strødd.
Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK
16. 16 En mann viser frem ødeleggelsene på Bantayan - En mann på motorsykkel viste NRK rundt på øya. - Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK En mann viser frem ødeleggelsene på Bantayan - En mann på motorsykkel viste NRK rundt på øya. - Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK
En mann på motorsykkel viste NRK rundt på øya.
Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK
17. 17 Ødeleggelsene var enorme på Bantayan - Lyktestolper var knekt som fyrstikker. - Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK Ødeleggelsene var enorme på Bantayan - Lyktestolper var knekt som fyrstikker. - Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK
Lyktestolper var knekt som fyrstikker.
Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK
18. 18 På flyplassen i Cebu - NRK og DR hadde akkurat fått leid et helikopter som kunne fly ut til Tacloban da landingstillatelsen ble inndratt. - Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK På flyplassen i Cebu - NRK og DR hadde akkurat fått leid et helikopter som kunne fly ut til Tacloban da landingstillatelsen ble inndratt. - Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK
NRK og DR hadde akkurat fått leid et helikopter som kunne fly ut til Tacloban
da landingstillatelsen ble inndratt.
Foto: Kristian Aanensen / NRK
Vis bildetekst
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Les også: Erlend kommer seg ikke inn i Tacloban
Les også: 1 krone i tyfonhjelp = 3,5 kroner i diktatorgjeld
Nå lover han bistandsmidler for å bygge opp igjen det ødelagte samfunnet.
– Norge vil nå bidra med ytterligere 50 millioner kroner i hjelp til de
rammete områdene, sier Brende til NRK.
Med de nye bistandsmillionene har Norge til sammen bidratt med 250 millioner
kroner til de rammede områdene. Dermed er Norge den tredje største giveren
etter USA og Storbritannia.
Børge Brende, utenriksminister - TRIST SYN: Utenriksminister Børge Brende
synes ødeleggelsene i Tacloban var forferdelige. - Foto: Anders Magnus/NRK /
Børge Brende, utenriksminister - TRIST SYN: Utenriksminister Børge Brende
synes ødeleggelsene i Tacloban var forferdelige. - Foto: Anders Magnus/NRK /
TRIST SYN: Utenriksminister Børge Brende synes ødeleggelsene i Tacloban var
forferdelige.
Foto: Anders Magnus/NRK
– Det viktigste må være å skaffe folk arbeid, sier Brende.
Les også: Overlevde tyfonen og reddet barna
Les også: Bildene som ikke vil forsvinne
## Ødelagt næring
Den lokale landsbylederen Emilita Montalban forteller at i hennes område var
fiske den viktigste inntektskilden før stormen.
– Katastrofen ødela absolutt alle fiskebåtene, og de færreste fiskerne har
penger til å få båten reparert eller kjøpe en ny, sier landsbylederens sønn
Marc Montalban til NRK.
– Kanskje Norge kan hjelpe til med å få fiskeriene her på beina igjen. Da kan
folk igjen begynne å tjene penger og dermed kunne starte gjenoppbyggingen av
sine egne eiendommer, sier Brende.
### Tyfonen på Filippinene
Erlend Johannesen - Bare grunnmuren står igjen av studiesenteret ved
barnehjemmet til Streetlight i Tacloban på Filippinene. Erlend Johannesen
jobber iherdig fra naboøya Davao for å komme i gang med oppbyggingen så fort
det lar seg gjøre. - Foto: Montasje NRK/ privat / Erlend Johannesen - Bare
grunnmuren står igjen av studiesenteret ved barnehjemmet til Streetlight i
Tacloban på Filippinene. Erlend Johannesen jobber iherdig fra naboøya Davao
for å komme i gang med oppbyggingen så fort det lar seg gjøre. - Foto:
Montasje NRK/ privat /
## Erlend kommer seg ikke inn i Tacloban
Erlend Johannesen i Streetlight jobber på spreng for å komme seg inn i den
tyfonherjede byen Tacloban. Målet er å starte oppbyggingen av et nytt
barnehjem så fort som mulig, men fortsatt er det både vanskelig og utrygt å
reise inn i byen.
Av Tine Nilsen
Se video Se bildene
Streetlight - Streetlight har et klart mål om å bygge opp barnehjemmet som ble
rasert av tyfonen i november. Med hjelp fra folk i Norge har de fått et godt
utgangspunkt for videre drift. - Foto: Privat / Streetlight - Streetlight har
et klart mål om å bygge opp barnehjemmet som ble rasert av tyfonen i november.
Med hjelp fra folk i Norge har de fått et godt utgangspunkt for videre drift.
- Foto: Privat /
## Streetlight har fått 12 millioner støttekroner
Med hjelp fra gavmilde nordmenn er Erlend Johannesen og organisasjonen
Streetlight i gang med å bygge opp barnehjemmet i tyfonherjede Tacloban.
Av Aksel Kroglund Persson og Magnar Brandseth
Se video
Erlend Johannesen sine egne iPhone-bilder fra tyfonen på Filippinene. Erlend
Johannesen sine egne iPhone-bilder fra tyfonen på Filippinene.
## Her klamrer de seg fast for livet under tyfonen
Mens gjenstander og trær flyr rundt dem i 300 km/t, klamrer Streetlight-
Erlend og barna på barnehjemmet hans seg fast for livet på et tak. Samtidig
klarer han å filme herjingene med mobilen sin.
Av Erik Waatland og Jørgen Pettersen
Se video Se bildene
Vis flere
Anbefal
Tweet
+1
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Kopier lenkeadresse:
### Siste saker
Voldelige sammenstøt i Kiev, Ukraina - Kampene har rast mellom demonstranter
og opprørspoliti i Kiev onsdag. Fem demonstranter har mistet livet. – Siden
Ukraina ble uavhengig, har vi ikke sett en så alvorlig situasjon. Det er en
vilje til voldsbruk som er helt ny og veldig skremmende, sier Ukraina-ekspert
Tor Bukkvoll. - Foto: Darko Vojinovic / Ap Voldelige sammenstøt i Kiev,
Ukraina - Kampene har rast mellom demonstranter og opprørspoliti i Kiev
onsdag. Fem demonstranter har mistet livet. – Siden Ukraina ble uavhengig, har
vi ikke sett en så alvorlig situasjon. Det er en vilje til voldsbruk som er
helt ny og veldig skremmende, sier Ukraina-ekspert Tor Bukkvoll. - Foto: Darko
Vojinovic / Ap
## Ukraina-ekspert: – Blir det ingen snarlig forhandlingsløsning, risikerer
man blodbad
Nå er man kommet til et avgjørende punkt i Ukraina, mener seniorforsker ved
Forsvarets forskningsinstitutt og Ukraina-ekspert Tor Bukkvoll. – Enten roer
det seg nå, eller så smeller det skikkelig. Det er vanskelig å gå tilbake nå.
Av Vilde Helljesen
Se bildene
Ukrainere i Norge håper på bedre tider og følger spent med på utviklingen i
hjemlandet. Ukrainere i Norge håper på bedre tider og følger spent med på
utviklingen i hjemlandet.
## Ber til Gud for familie og venner i Ukraina
Mens demonstrasjonene i Ukraina har utviklet seg til et blodbad, sitter
familien Savchuk Myran i Bærum og er bekymret for sin familie og venner i
hjemlandet.
Av Adrian Filip Steinbakk og Veronica Westhrin
Se video
Marie André Mwila - Kjernen i rettssaken mot Joshua French beginner på fredag,
når de rettsmedisinske rapportene skal legges frem.
Det sier nordmannens kongolesiske forsvarer, Marie André Mwila Kayembe, som
også forteller at han har et svært godt forhold til sin klient. - Foto:
Christensen, Marte / NTB scanpix Marie André Mwila - Kjernen i rettssaken mot
Joshua French beginner på fredag, når de rettsmedisinske rapportene skal
legges frem.
Det sier nordmannens kongolesiske forsvarer, Marie André Mwila Kayembe, som
også forteller at han har et svært godt forhold til sin klient. - Foto:
Christensen, Marte / NTB scanpix
## French´ forsvarer tror teknisk rapport vil overbevise
Rettssaken mot Joshua French vil bli avgjort av det den norske
rettsmedisineren vil legge fram i den militære straffedomstolen fredag, sier
nordmannens kongolesiske forsvarer Marie André Mwila.
Ahmad al-Jarba og John Kerry - Nasjonalkoalisjonens leder Ahmad Jarba anklager
Syrias president Bashar al-Assad for terror mot eget folk og for å bidra til å
gi al-Qaida fotfeste i landet. - Foto: Pool / Reuters Ahmad al-Jarba og John
Kerry - Nasjonalkoalisjonens leder Ahmad Jarba anklager Syrias president
Bashar al-Assad for terror mot eget folk og for å bidra til å gi al-Qaida
fotfeste i landet. - Foto: Pool / Reuters
## Harde anklager preget Syria-konferanse
Fredskonferansen om Syria var preget av harde utfall både fra regimet og
opposisjonen og gjenspeilte stor uenighet om president Bashar al-Assads
framtid.
+ Vis flere
### Utvalgte dokumentarer
Nye vitner og lite kjent arkivmateriale knytter massakrene av hundrevis av
palestinere i Sabra og Shatila enda nærmere til Israel og Ariel Sharon. NRKs
tidligere Midtøsten-korrespondent, Odd Karsten Tveit, har nylig vært i Libanon
og Israel og intervjuet nye sentrale vitner. Gjennom sine kontakter i Libanon,
både blant palestinere og den kristne militsen, har han funnet fram til
førstehånds vitner. En av Tveits reportasjer fra septemberdagene i 1982, er
allerede lagt fram som bevismateriale for domstolene i Belgia. Nye vitner og
lite kjent arkivmateriale knytter massakrene av hundrevis av palestinere i
Sabra og Shatila enda nærmere til Israel og Ariel Sharon. NRKs tidligere
Midtøsten-korrespondent, Odd Karsten Tveit, har nylig vært i Libanon og Israel
og intervjuet nye sentrale vitner. Gjennom sine kontakter i Libanon, både
blant palestinere og den kristne militsen, har han funnet fram til førstehånds
vitner. En av Tveits reportasjer fra septemberdagene i 1982, er allerede lagt
fram som bevismateriale for domstolene i Belgia.
###
Da. dokumentarserie. På erobringstokt. Områdene i Arktis er rike på olje og
mineraler. Men hvem kan forsyne seg av rikdommene? Danmark, Grønland, Russland
og Canada konkurrerer om et område som er tre ganger så stort som Danmark. 4
300 meter under overflaten har russerne plantet flagget sitt, og danske
forskere har funnet et kjempestort fjell på havbunnen. \(1:3\) Da.
dokumentarserie. På erobringstokt. Områdene i Arktis er rike på olje og
mineraler. Men hvem kan forsyne seg av rikdommene? Danmark, Grønland, Russland
og Canada konkurrerer om et område som er tre ganger så stort som Danmark. 4
300 meter under overflaten har russerne plantet flagget sitt, og danske
forskere har funnet et kjempestort fjell på havbunnen. \(1:3\)
###
Svensk dokumentar. Den 11. september 2003 ble Anna Lindh, den svenske
utenriksministeren, myrdet. Hun skulle bli Socialdemokraternas første
kvinnelige partileder. Og kanskje statsminister. Etter noen knivhugg måtte det
politiske kartet tegnes på nytt. Den populære og fremgangsrike kvinnen ble et
historisk monument. Hvem var hun? Svensk dokumentar. Den 11. september 2003
ble Anna Lindh, den svenske utenriksministeren, myrdet. Hun skulle bli
Socialdemokraternas første kvinnelige partileder. Og kanskje statsminister.
Etter noen knivhugg måtte det politiske kartet tegnes på nytt. Den populære og
fremgangsrike kvinnen ble et historisk monument. Hvem var hun?
###
+ Vis flere
### Nyheter
* Redaktør: Stein Bjøntegård
* Sentralbord: 23 04 82 10
Nyhetstips 03030
Tjenester
### Tjenester
* Yr.no
* UT.no
* Radio.no
Publikumsservice
### Publikumsservice
* Om NRK
* Kontakt NRK
* Publikum i NRK
* Jobb i NRK
* Hjelp
* Om personvern
* Om informasjonskapsler (cookies)
* Om foreldrekontroll
Produksjon og presse
### Produksjon og presse
* Spons og salg
* Eksternproduksjon
* Presse
Til toppen
Opphavsrett NRK © 2014
Ansvarlig redaktør: Thor Gjermund Eriksen
Nettsjef: Sindre Østgård
tnsScores
*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate. Executive Order 135 §6 states that for "census years" (years divisible by 10) the reference date would be May 1st, but for all other years, the reference date is to be the "middle of the year". This means that growth rates, although correct, are not necessarily simple year-on-year comparisons.
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
*[11:24 ngày 21/2/23]:
*[18:45 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[14:42 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[17:56 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[11:21 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[11:39 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[11:35 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[08:31 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[14:01 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[13:28 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[12:15 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[08:44 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[Ref.]: References
*[PSGC]: Philippine Standard Geographic Code
*[SEC]: Securities and Exchange Commission
*[RTC]: Regional Trial Court
*[Crim.]: Criminal
*[ BBC ]: British Broadcasting Corporation
*[Barangay]: Total number of barangays
|
spiderum_text/36 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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tfi123
# Topica Founder Institute
@tfi123
Theo dõi
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Topica Founder Institute là chương trình huấn luyện khởi nghiệp được tổ chức
thường niên kể từ năm 2011 bởi Topica Edtech Group cùng Founder Institute —
trụ sở tại Thung lũng Silicon, có mặt trên 60 quốc gia và 150 thành phố
trên toàn thế giới.
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## Contents
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* (Top)
* 1Meteorological history
* 2Effects in the Philippines
* 3Effects in mainland China
* 3.1Guangdong
* 3.2Guangxi
* 3.3Hainan
* 4Effects elsewhere
* 5Aftermath
* 5.1Retirement
* 6See also
* 7Notes
* 8References
* 9External links
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# Typhoon Mujigae
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Pacific typhoon in 2015
This article is about the 2015 typhoon. For other storms of the same name, see
List of storms named Mujigae and Typhoon Kabayan.
Typhoon Mujigae (Kabayan)Very strong typhoon (JMA scale)
Category 4 typhoon (SSHWS)
Mujigae 2015-10-04 0620Z.jpg
Typhoon Mujigae over the Leizhou Peninsula on October 4
FormedSeptember 30, 2015
DissipatedOctober 5, 2015
Highest winds10-minute sustained: 155 km/h (100 mph)
1-minute sustained: 215 km/h (130 mph)
Lowest pressure950 hPa (mbar); 28.05 inHg
Fatalities≥ 31; 12 missing
Damage> $4.3 billion (2015 USD)
([nb 1])
Areas affectedPhilippines, China (particularly Guangdong, Guangxi, and
Hainan), Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Thailand
Part of the 2015 Pacific typhoon season
Typhoon Mujigae, known in the Philippines as Tropical Storm Kabayan, was the
costliest typhoon to impact China in 2015. The typhoon first passed over the
Philippines as a developing tropical cyclone from October 1 to 3, 2015. It
then caused widespread damage in the Chinese provinces of Guangdong, Guangxi,
and Hainan from October 3 to 6. Afterwards, as Mujigae weakened inland, it
brought heavy rain to parts of Mainland Southeast Asia. Mujigae originated
from an area of disturbed weather that formed just east of the Philippines on
September 30\. The disturbance slowly organized amid a favorable environment,
becoming a tropical depression later that day. It traveled steadily west-
northwestwards and made landfall in Central Luzon late on October 1, before
crossing into the South China Sea the next morning. Mujigae strengthened
rapidly on October 3, becoming a mature typhoon with 10-minute sustained winds
of 155 km/h (96 mph), 1-minute sustained winds of 215 km/h (134 mph), and a
minimum pressure of 950 hPa (28.05 inHg). The typhoon then made landfall over
Zhanjiang, Guangdong, and weakened swiftly, dissipating inland over Guangxi on
October 5\.
As a developing system, Mujigae brought gusty winds, moderate rain, and rough
seas to the island of Luzon in the Philippines. The adverse weather forced
ports and schools to close, while numerous landslides and flash floods damaged
roads, houses, and agricultural land. Large waves caused by the storm capsized
several fishing boats, necessitating search-and-rescue operations by the
Philippine Navy and Coast Guard. In total, Mujigae killed at least four in the
Philippines, left 12 missing, and caused damage valued at ₱46.9 million
(US$1.03 million).[nb 2]
Mujigae's most severe impacts occurred in China, with the provinces of
Guangdong, Guangxi, and Hainan being the worst hit. The typhoon affected 7.5
million people across the three provinces, causing 27 fatalities and economic
losses of ¥27 billion (US$4.3 billion). The outer bands of the typhoon spawned
destructive tornadoes in Guangzhou and Foshan that killed seven and left 223
injured. Infrastructural damage left by the tornadoes resulted in widespread
disruptions to telecommunications, electricity, and water supplies. Elsewhere,
fallen trees, landslides, and collapsing buildings accounted for most of the
fatalities. In preparation for the storm, ships and offshore workers were
recalled to port, flights were delayed or canceled, train services were
suspended, and tourist attractions were shut. These disrupted tourism amid
China's "Golden Week" holidays following their National Day. Hong Kong and
Macau experienced gusty winds and heavy rain from October 3 to 5 as Mujigae
passed to the south, but were left relatively unscathed. Immediate post-storm
relief was provided by the National Disaster Reduction Center of China and the
Ministry of Civil Affairs. The National Development and Reform Commission
later issued more funds for reconstruction efforts in Guangdong and Guangxi.
Towards the end of Mujigae's lifespan, its outer rainbands brought heavy rains
to parts of Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, and Thailand, causing localized flash
floods. Consequently, some homes and crops were damaged.
## Meteorological history[edit]
Map plotting the track and the intensity of the storm, according to the
Saffir–Simpson scale[nb 3]
Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
Unknown
Storm type
circle Tropical cyclone
square Subtropical cyclone
triangle Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon
depression
At 00:00 UTC on September 30, a tropical disturbance developed near 11°54′N
130°18′E / 11.9°N 130.3°E / 11.9; 130.3, about 600 km (370 mi) east of the
Philippines. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) deemed the disturbance to
have become a tropical depression at 12:00 UTC and gave it the identifier 22W.
The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) also classified the system as a tropical
depression at 18:00 UTC.[2][nb 4] The depression was lopsided at this time,
with the bulk of thunderstorm activity to the west of the system's center.[4]
Amid low vertical wind shear and good outflow helping the growth of
thunderstorms, the depression improved further in organization through October
1, as it moved west-northwestwards under the influence of a subtropical ridge
to its north.[5] The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical
Services Administration named the system Kabayan at 02:00 UTC on October 1.[6]
The JMA upgraded the system to a tropical storm at 12:00 UTC as it began
producing 10-minute sustained winds of 65 km/h (40 mph),[nb 5] giving it the
name Mujigae.[nb 6] The JTWC, however, continued to classify the system as a
tropical depression as it approached the Philippines.[2] No further
intensification occurred on October 1 as Mujigae's circulation interacted with
the Sierra Madre mountain range.[9] Mujigae made landfall between Baler and
San Luis in Aurora Province, Central Luzon, at roughly 20:00 UTC,[10] and
quickly crossed the island of Luzon, entering the South China Sea by 02:00 UTC
on October 2.[11]
Once over water, Mujigae soon resumed intensifying, taking advantage of 28–29
°C (82–84 °F) sea surface temperatures and strong outflow despite slightly
elevated wind shear.[12] The JTWC finally assessed Mujigae to be a tropical
storm at 06:00 UTC on October 2; the JMA upgraded Mujigae further to severe
tropical storm status six hours later.[2] A nascent eye feature became visible
on microwave satellite imagery, while associated thunderstorms grew more
intense and wrapped more tightly into the system's circulation.[13] Meanwhile,
Mujigae continued tracking steadily west-northwest and exited the Philippine
Area of Responsibility late on October 2.[14] A 30-hour period of rapid
intensification began at 00:00 UTC on October 3, aided greatly by the
anomalously warm waters of the South China Sea, which even exceeded 30 °C (86
°F) around Hainan. Monthly mean sea surface temperatures in the area were the
warmest since 1990, giving Mujigae ample energy to draw upon for strengthening
in spite of moderate easterly wind shear.[15] During this strengthening phase,
the China Meteorological Administration's Shanghai Typhoon Institute launched
four rocket-carried dropsondes into Mujigae from Wanning, Hainan, in a
successful attempt to analyse the typhoon's interior structure.[16] The JMA
estimated that Mujigae's winds increased from 100 to 155 km/h (62 to 96 mph)
and the central pressure dropped from 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) to 950 hPa (28.05
inHg) from 00:00 UTC October 3 to 00:00 UTC October 4, after which it peaked
in intensity. The JTWC assessed that Mujigae continued to strengthen for a
further three hours and attained peak 1-minute sustained winds of 215 km/h
(134 mph),[2] the equivalent of a Category 4 hurricane on the Saffir–Simpson
scale.[17] At its peak, Mujigae possessed a sharply-defined eye just 24 km (15
mi) wide, centered in a symmetric central dense overcast.[18] Shortly after,
Mujigae made landfall in Potou District, Zhanjiang, Guangdong province, at
06:10 UTC on October 4.[19] Rapid weakening commenced as the center of
circulation moved over land, staying north of the Gulf of Tonkin.[20] Mujigae
weakened to a tropical storm by 18:00 UTC on October 4 and the JMA ceased
monitoring the system as a tropical depression at 00:00 UTC on October 5\. The
JTWC continued tracking Mujigae while it moved inland over Guangxi province
and last noted it as a dissipating tropical storm at 06:00 UTC on October
5.[2]
## Effects in the Philippines[edit]
Tropical Storm Mujigae over the Philippines on October 2
Mujigae (known locally as Tropical Storm Kabayan) passed over Luzon from
October 1 to 3, bringing moderate rain and winds gusting up to 120 km/h (75
mph). Public Storm Warning Signal No. 1 was raised in the provinces of
Catanduanes, Camarines Sur, Camarines Norte, Aurora, and Northern Quezon on
October 1, and further extended to Benguet, Tarlac, Ilocos Sur, and Zambales
on October 2\. Public Storm Warning Signal No. 2—the highest warning level
issued for Mujigae—was raised in La Union and Pangasinan on October 2\. All
warnings were lifted by the evening of October 2 as Mujigae began to move away
from the Philippines.[21]
The tropical storm affected roughly 59,600 people during its passage over the
Philippines. A peak 24-hour rainfall total of 134.0 mm (5.28 in) occurred in
Iba, Zambales. In Central Luzon, a total of 703 houses were damaged, of which
97 were destroyed. A landslide in Gabaldon, Nueva Ecija required the
evacuation of 30 families, while another landslide in Buenavista, Marinduque
damaged a wall.[21] Several incidents of flash flooding were reported, with 50
barangays (village-level administrative districts) inundated with up to 0.9 m
(3 ft) of water.[22] A person in Maria Aurora municipality drowned in a flash
flood, while another from Bongabon municipality was killed by a snake
bite.[23][24] The body of a fisherman was found in Agno municipality on
October 3, two days after he went fishing out at sea and was reported
missing.[21] In total, roughly 6,480 people evacuated to seven shelters.
Classes were suspended across much of Luzon on October 2.[25] Ports were
closed in the Bicol Region and Southern Tagalog on October 2 and 3 because of
rough seas, leaving up to 212 passengers and 53 rolling cargoes
stranded.[26][27][28] Twelve roads and two bridges were blocked by flooding
and mudslides.[25] Power outages occurred on October 2 and 3 in parts of
Aurora, Benguet, and Pangasinan, including in Baguio, though services were
quickly restored.[29] Damage to agriculture and infrastructure in Ilocos and
Central Luzon was valued at ₱46.9 million (US$1.03 million), mostly from the
provinces of Aurora, Pampanga, and Pangasinan. Following the storm, local
government units and the Department of Social Welfare and Development gave
₱2.37 million (US$52,100) worth of disaster relief to Aurora, Bulacan, and
Nueva Ecija provinces.[21]
Numerous incidents occurred at sea as fishermen continued operations despite
being advised against doing so by government agencies and the Philippine Coast
Guard.[30][31] Several fishing boats were capsized by large waves, leaving
fishermen adrift in the water for up to four days before they were picked up
by other boats or were swept back to shore.[32] As many as 121 fishermen were
missing on the night of October 3.[23] The Philippine Navy activated two
Islander aircraft and several ships to conduct search and rescue
operations,[21] in conjunction with vessels from the Coast Guard.[30] They
were largely successful in locating the missing fishermen, with the number of
missing decreasing to 56 by October 5.[31] A "partial and unofficial report"
from the Coast Guard on October 6 stated that three fishermen had been
confirmed dead;[33] a body of another fisherman was recovered from the waters
off Pangasinan on October 7.[34] The searches were called off between October
7 and 10, leaving 12 still missing.[21]
## Effects in mainland China[edit]
Typhoon Mujigae brought severe impacts to the provinces of Guangdong, Guangxi,
and Hainan from October 3 to 6, affecting over 7.5 million people and killing
27. With economic losses estimated at ¥27 billion (US$4.3 billion), Mujigae
was the costliest typhoon to impact China in 2015. At landfall in Zhanjiang,
Guangdong, the China Meteorological Administration estimated Mujigae to have
winds of 180 km/h (110 mph) and a central pressure of 940 hPa (27.76 inHg),
making Mujigae the strongest typhoon to make landfall in China in the month of
October since 1949. The three provinces experienced strong winds of at least
76 km/h (47 mph), with a peak gust of 242 km/h (150 mph) recorded in
Zhanjiang. Torrential rain fell over the region throughout the four days,
leading to rainfall accumulations of 100–500 mm (3.9–19.7 in). The outer
rainbands of Mujigae also produced tornadoes in parts of Guangdong on October
4.[35][36] Power outages occurred in much of the region and transport lines
were cut. Mujigae came ashore during a week-long holiday (known as a "Golden
Week") following China's National Day, disrupting the plans of many tourists
seeking to travel to the southern coast.[37][38] Mujigae's track and rapid
intensification prior to landfall drew comparisons to Typhoon Rammasun, which
had significantly impacted similar areas a year earlier.[39]
### Guangdong[edit]
Ahead of the storm, the China Meteorological Administration issued red alerts
for the province, expecting wind gusts exceeding 200 km/h (120 mph) and
rainfall accumulations of 250–280 mm (9.8–11.0 in).[40] The Qiongzhou Strait
was closed to marine traffic on the evening of October 2, and nearly 40,000
fishing boats west of Shanwei returned to port to shelter in Guangdong.[41]
Coastal tourist attractions in the province were closed from October 3.[42]
The suspension of ferry services to offshore islands left 503 tourists on
Fangji Island stranded; strong winds hampered attempts to return them to the
mainland.[43][44] The National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center issued
warnings for storm surge and large waves that same day.[45] Flights out of
Zhuhai and Zhanjiang were canceled.[43] China Southern Power Grid readied
24,000 workers to address any power disruptions.[38] Authorities evacuated
170,400 people in vulnerable areas.[46]
Typhoon Mujigae rapidly intensifying prior to landfall in Zhanjiang on October
4
Mujigae made landfall in Potou District, Zhanjiang, on the afternoon of
October 4\. The typhoon brought high winds and heavy rain to over 3.53 million
people in Guangdong,[46] and spawned at least three tornadoes in the
province.[47] One tornado touched down in Guangzhou's Panyu District, killing
three and injuring 134.[48] The tornado damaged several houses and factories,
blew down trees, and damaged power cables. Large parts of Panyu and Haizhu
Districts thus lost power for the first time in 23 years. Tourists visiting
the Canton Tower in Haizhu had to be evacuated after it suffered a blackout.
The power outages had a further knock-on effect on communications and water
infrastructure, resulting in greater disruption.[47] Another tornado touched
down in Shunde District, Foshan, causing four deaths and 89 injuries,[48][46]
while inflicting roughly ¥180 million (US$29 million) of damage. The tornado
touched down for 32 minutes and traveled 30.85 km (19.17 mi) northwest,
leaving a damage swath of diameter between 20 and 570 m (22 and 623 yd).[49]
It was also noted to have possessed twin funnels at peak intensity.[50] The
Foshan tornado was rated EF3 on the Enhanced Fujita scale, based on
observations of collapsed tower cranes and destroyed factories and warehouses.
A third tornado—this time a waterspout—occurred near the coast of
Shanwei.[49][47] For context, tornadoes in China are rather uncommon: on
average less than 100 occur in a year, and in the 50 years prior to 2015, only
20 were at or above EF3 intensity. Hence, when Mujigae struck China in 2015,
the country had no tornado forecasting or warning systems, likely contributing
to an elevated number of fatalities and more extensive damage.[50][51]
Damage was most severe in Zhanjiang, the site of Mujigae's landfall. The city
experienced widespread blackouts and disruptions to water supplies and
telecommunications, which hampered damage assessments.[52] The waters of
Zhanjiang Bay experienced an atypical period of elevated biodegradation of
organic matter, following increased surface runoff entering the bay; this
usually causes algal blooms instead.[53] The storm sank two fishing boats
docked in the city's port, drowning three and leaving four missing. A
collapsed building in Xiashan District killed another.[54] Elsewhere,
landslides killed a total of seven people: four in Xinyi, Maoming, two in
Luoding, Yunfu, and one in Guangning County, Zhaoqing.[46] Overall, in
Guangdong, Mujigae killed at least 18 people and left four missing. The
typhoon damaged 3,374 houses and 282,700 hectares (699,000 acres) of crops
across the province. Direct economic losses reached ¥23.24 billion (US$3.730
billion).[46]
### Guangxi[edit]
A dissipating Tropical Depression Mujigae over Guangxi on October 5
As Mujigae was expected to pass over eastern Guangxi, warnings for heavy rain
and gusty winds were issued, and an increased possibility of landslides was
noted.[40] About 12,700 fishing boats in the region's waters were called back
to port and 35,400 offshore workers were evacuated.[44] Nineteen flights from
Beihai Fucheng Airport were canceled as adverse weather conditions forced the
airport to close on October 4\. Meanwhile, 530 passengers were stranded at
Nanning Wuxu International Airport as two flights were delayed by more than
five hours and two others were scrapped. Services along the Guangxi coastal
high-speed railway between Nanning and Beihai were halted from noon on October
4 to midnight on October 5.[55] Scenic attractions were closed beginning
October 4 and tourists evacuated.[56] About 135,100 people living in
vulnerable areas were moved to safety.[57]
The center of Mujigae crossed into Guangxi from Guangdong on the evening of
October 4, though heavy rains and gusty winds persisted in Guangxi through
October 4 and 5.[56] The typhoon affected 2.67 million people in the
province.[57] The strongest winds were recorded in Bobai County, where winds
gusted up to 119 km/h (74 mph), and a peak rainfall total of 418.6 mm (16.48
in) was observed at Shengtang Mountain in Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County.
Numerous flash floods and landslides occurred in the mountains of southeast
Guangxi, damaging roads and buildings.[56] A person was crushed and killed by
a fallen tree in Nanning;[58] the typhoon killed a total of two people in the
province.[59] Damage to power lines caused 1.155 million residents of Guangxi
to lose power on October 5.[60] The typhoon completely destroyed 954 houses,
severely damaged another 1,532 houses, and left 5,478 more with mild damage.
About 144,800 hectares (358,000 acres) of cropland was affected by rain and
wind, of which 6,650 hectares (16,400 acres) were deemed a complete loss.[57]
Direct economic losses were at least ¥919 million (US$148 million), of which
¥752 million (US$121 million) was from agriculture and ¥46.8 million (US$7.52
million) was from property damage.[61]
### Hainan[edit]
Ahead of the storm, train services between the island and the mainland were
suspended from October 2 to 5,[62] while services on the Hainan eastern ring
high-speed railway were halted on October 4\. The Qiongzhou Strait was closed
to marine traffic and ferry services across the strait were suspended.[63] All
25,584 fishing boats in Hainan were ordered back to port to take shelter.[64]
Seventy-six flights from Haikou Meilan International Airport were delayed and
eight canceled.[65] Expressways remained open to vehicular traffic, however.
Residents in flood-prone areas, such as Beigang Island, were evacuated to
higher ground.[63] By the evening of October 3, a total of 39,103 people in
Wenchang had been resettled in 57 shelters,[66] while 9,887 people had been
evacuated in Qionghai.[67] Hainan Power Grid placed 272 teams (with a total of
4,559 workers) and equipment worth ¥160 million (US$26 million) on standby to
deal with disruptions to electrical services.[68] Marine tourist attractions
in Sanya, such as Wuzhizhou Island and parts of Yalong Bay, were shut
beginning October 3,[69] and all tourist attractions in Wenchang were closed
from that evening.[70]
Mujigae produced wind gusts from 104 to 165 km/h (64 to 102 mph) over the
northern and western coasts of Hainan. Roughly 50–90 mm (2.0–3.5 in) of rain
fell over the island from October 3 to 4.[71] The typhoon affected 489,000
people in Hainan and caused economic losses of over ¥136 million (US$21.8
million), though no deaths were reported. About 171,000 acres (69,000
hectares) of cropland were damaged, contributing to over half of the
province's damage bill. The remaining losses came from transport and industry
as well as damage to water conservancy facilities.[72] Power supplies remained
relatively stable: about 47,000 customers lost power, and services were
restored to 41,000 of them by the end of October 4.[73] Flooding occurred
along several streets in Haikou, however, storm surge did not enter the city
and traffic was mostly unaffected.[74] Reopening began on October 4 as the
typhoon passed, with closures imposed on Sanya's tourist attractions lifted on
the evening of October 4.[75] Flights from Haikou Meilan International Airport
resumed on the afternoon of October 4.[65] All train services resumed on the
morning of October 5.[76]
## Effects elsewhere[edit]
Typhoon Mujigae intensifying south of Hong Kong and Macau on October 3
The influence of Mujigae and a high-pressure area to the north brought squalls
and rain to Hong Kong from October 3 to 5 as Mujigae passed to the south of
the territory. Strong Wind Signal No. 3 was issued from October 3 to 4, and
Amber Rainstorm Warning Signals were raised twice on the two days. Rainfall
totals from October 2 to 5 ranged around 150 mm (5.9 in), reaching up to 250
mm (9.8 in) over the southwestern part of Lantau Island. The weather
conditions caused 39 aircraft to be diverted from Hong Kong International
Airport,[77] and disrupted ferry services to and from Macau.[78] At least 30
incidents of fallen trees and 14 incidents of flooding were recorded, with a
fallen tree near Fanling station halting train services by damaging overhead
cables.[77] A runner participating in a race between Lantau and Sunset Peaks
suffered a broken arm when he slipped off the track amid the adverse weather
conditions.[79] The final round of the Asia-Pacific Amateur Championship ended
prematurely due to thunderstorms on the morning of October 4.[80]
Nearby Macau experienced a similar situation from October 3 to 5.[81] Typhoon
Signal No. 3 was raised from the evening of October 3 to the morning on
October 5 as heavy rains and gusty winds buffeted the territory.[82] Some
flooding occurred in low-lying regions.[77] The Fire Services Bureau received
27 reports of fallen trees; in total they responded to 59 typhoon-related
incidents. Thunderstorms forced the cancellation of six outdoor events and
delayed at least 15 flights from Macau International Airport.[81] Ferry
operator TurboJET suspended services from Macau to Shenzhen and Hong Kong.[83]
A woman at the University of Macau suffered cuts on her limbs from broken
glass and was sent to hospital.[81] The adverse weather caused Macau's tourist
visitation numbers to drop by 16 percent in the week following the typhoon,
erasing gains from China's Golden Week holidays.[84]
As Mujigae weakened inland over China, it brought torrential rain to parts of
Vietnam, Thailand, Cambodia, and Laos.[85] The combination of Mujigae and a
cold front brought up to 100 mm (3.9 in) of rain to mountainous regions in the
Vietnamese provinces of Quảng Ninh, Lạng Sơn, and Cao Bằng.[86] Meanwhile,
heavy rains in Northeast and Central Thailand had the beneficial effect of
filling reservoirs, but caused several flash floods on October 4 and 5. One
such flood in Nakhon Sawan Province ruined 2,000 rai (320 hectares; 790 acres)
of cropland, while another in Chachoengsao Province inundated 40 houses,
causing damage to agricultural equipment and electrical appliances. In
Ratchaburi Province, a crocodile farm was flooded, and some of the crocodiles
escaped. Other provinces affected by flash floods included Chanthaburi and
Kamphaeng Phet.[87][88]
## Aftermath[edit]
Following Mujigae's landfall in Guangdong, the National Disaster Reduction
Center of China and the Ministry of Civil Affairs launched a Level IV
emergency response in Guangdong and Guangxi. Guangdong's local government
allocated ¥20 million (US$3.2 million) of funds to immediate disaster
relief,[89] and distributed ¥900,000 (US$140,000) worth of relief supplies in
Yanjiang and Maoming by October 5.[54] The next day, Guangdong authorities
moved 300 tents, 300 folding beds, 2,100 quilts, 4,100 towels, 3,500 sets of
clothing, and 250 emergency lights to affected cities.[90] Guangxi's local
government invested ¥18 million (US$2.9 million) into disaster relief by
October 5, with plans to set aside a further ¥29 million (US$4.7 million).[61]
Around 24,800 workers from China Southern Power Grid were dispatched to
restore electrical services, and by the morning of October 6 about 78 percent
of households had their power restored. Outages in Hainan and Guangxi were
fully resolved on October 5 and 7, respectively.[91][92][93]
On October 27, the Chinese government announced that ¥300 million (US$48
million) of funds would be set aside for disaster relief efforts in Guangdong
and Guangxi in addition to drought-stricken North China. This would cover
reconstruction efforts and living expenses for those affected by Mujigae in
the two provinces.[94] A further contribution of ¥103 million (US$16.5
million) was announced by the National Development and Reform Commission on
November 5.[95]
### Retirement[edit]
See also: List of retired Pacific typhoon names
At the 48th Session of the ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee held from February 22
to 25, 2016, the name Mujigae was retired following a request by China due to
the high damage and death toll caused by the storm.[96] In 2017, the name
Surigae was chosen as a replacement.[97]
## See also[edit]
* Tropical cyclones portal
* flagChina portal
* List of tornadoes spawned by tropical cyclones
* Typhoon Vera (1983) – took a similar track across the Philippines and into South China
* Typhoon Krovanh (2003) – impacted similar parts of China
* Typhoon Prapiroon (2006) – a less strong but similarly damaging typhoon that affected nearly the same areas; also spawned a tornado in Foshan
* Typhoon Utor (2013) – strong typhoon that impacted similar parts of the Philippines and China
* Typhoon Rammasun (2014) – extremely damaging and powerful typhoon that similarly rapidly intensified before landfall in northeast Hainan
## Notes[edit]
1. ^ Includes US$1.03 million of damage in the Philippines; further decimals are not shown to avoid false precision.
2. ^ All currencies are in their 2015 values and are converted to United States dollars using data from the International Monetary Fund published by the World Bank.[1]
3. ^ The position of Mujigae's Category 4 peak is not depicted in this graphic as it is an asynoptic point (i.e. not at the 6-hour intervals of all other points) occurring at 03:00 UTC October 4.
4. ^ The Japan Meteorological Agency is the official Regional Specialized Meteorological Center for the western Pacific Ocean.[3]
5. ^ Wind estimates from the JMA and most other basins throughout the world are sustained over 10 minutes, while estimates from the JTWC are sustained over 1 minute. On average, 1-minute winds are about 12% higher than 10-minute winds.[7]
6. ^ The word "Mujigae" means "rainbow" in Korean.[8]
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## External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Typhoon Mujigae (2015).
* JMA General Information of Typhoon Mujigae (1522) from Digital Typhoon
* JMA Best Track Data of Typhoon Mujigae (1522) (in Japanese)
* 22W.MUJIGAE from the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory
* v
* t
* e
Retired Pacific typhoon names
Pre-2000s
* Lucille (1960)
* Ophelia (1960)
* Karen (1962)
* Bess (1974)
* Bess (1982)
* Ike (1984)
* Roy (1988)
* Mike (1990)
* Mireille (1991)
* Thelma (1991)
* Omar (1992)
2000s
* Vamei (2001)
* Chataan (2002)
* Rusa (2002)
* Pongsona (2002)
* Yanyan (2003)
* Imbudo (2003)
* Maemi (2003)
* Sudal (2004)
* Tingting (2004)
* Rananim (2004)
* Matsa (2005)
* Nabi (2005)
* Longwang (2005)
* Chanchu (2006)
* Bilis (2006)
* Saomai (2006)
* Xangsane (2006)
* Durian (2006)
* Morakot (2009)
* Ketsana (2009)
* Parma (2009)
2010s
* Fanapi (2010)
* Washi (2011)
* Vicente (2012)
* Bopha (2012)
* Sonamu (2013)
* Utor (2013)
* Fitow (2013)
* Haiyan (2013)
* Rammasun (2014)
* Soudelor (2015)
* Mujigae (2015)
* Koppu (2015)
* Melor (2015)
* Meranti (2016)
* Sarika (2016)
* Haima (2016)
* Nock-ten (2016)
* Hato (2017)
* Kai-tak (2017)
* Tembin (2017)
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* Mangkhut (2018)
* Yutu (2018)
* Lekima (2019)
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2020s
* Vongfong (2020)
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Tropical cyclones of the 2015 Pacific typhoon season
2015 Pacific typhoon season summary.png
TD
TD
STS
Mekkhala
VSTY
Higos
TS
Bavi
VITY
Maysak
TS
Haishen
VITY
Noul
VSTY
Dolphin
TS
Kujira
VSTY
Chan-hom
TD
TD
STS
Linfa
VSTY
Nangka
TY
Halola
TD
TD
TD
TD
TD
TD
TD
TD
TD
12W
VITY
Soudelor
TD
14W
TS
Molave
VSTY
Goni
VSTY
Atsani
TY
Kilo
STS
Etau
TS
Vamco
VSTY
Krovanh
VITY
Dujuan
VSTY
Mujigae
STS
Choi-wan
TD
08C
VSTY
Koppu
VSTY
Champi
TD
TD
TD
26W
VSTY
In-fa
VSTY
Melor
TD
Onyok
TD
TD
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*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
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*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
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*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
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*[Ref.]: References
*[PSGC]: Philippine Standard Geographic Code
*[SEC]: Securities and Exchange Commission
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*[Barangay]: Total number of barangays
*[(DK)]: Denmark
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*[(IL)]: Israel
*[(FI)]: Finland
*[(HU)]: Hungary
*[(AU)]: Australia
*[(US)]: United States
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*[(MU)]: Mauritius
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*[(KR)]: South Korea
*[(PK)]: Pakistan
*[(MR)]: Mauritania
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*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
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*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
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*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
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*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
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*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
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*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
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## Contents
move to sidebar hide
* (Top)
* 1Geography
* 1.1Arms and terrain
* 1.2Climate
* 1.3Ecosystems
* 1.4River banks
* 1.5Islands
* 1.6Major cities
* 1.7Canals
* 2History
* 3Inhabitants
* 4Economy and development
* 5National heritage sites and nature reserves
* 6See also
* 7Notes
* 8References
* 9External links
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# Irrawaddy Delta
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
River delta in Burma
Portions of the low-lying delta, 50,400 km2 (19,500 sq mi) were destroyed by
Cyclone Nargis
The Irrawaddy Delta or Ayeyarwady Delta lies in the Irrawaddy Division, the
lowest expanse of land in Myanmar that fans out from the limit of tidal
influence at Myan Aung to the Bay of Bengal and Andaman Sea, 290 kilometres
(180 mi) to the south at the mouth of the Ayeyarwady River.[1] The delta
region is densely populated, and plays a dominant role in the cultivation of
rice in rich alluvial soil as low as just 3 metres (9.8 ft) above sea level,
although it also includes fishing communities in a vast area full of rivers
and streams. On 2 May 2008, the delta suffered a major disaster, devastated by
Cyclone Nargis, which reportedly killed at least 77,000 people with over
55,900 missing, and left about 2.5 million homeless.[2]
## Geography[edit]
### Arms and terrain[edit]
The Irrawaddy Delta comprises the main arms of Pathein River, Pyapon River,
Bogale River, and Toe River. Mawtin Point, formerly Cape Negrais, is a famous
landmark in the Irrawaddy Division, and it also marks the south west end of
Myanmar. The highest point of the delta, Waphu Mount (404 m (1,325 ft)) lies
between Pathein and Mawtin Zun (point), on the western strip of the delta. A
major portion of the area is covered with low-lying lands just 3 metres (9.8
ft) above sea level. This alluvial plain is bounded to the west by the Rakhine
Yoma and to the east by the Bago Yoma. It is dissected into peninsulas and
islands by the large southward flowing rivers which are subject to tidal
intrusion. The lower seaward third of the delta is completely flat with no
local relief and stretches for 130 kilometres (81 mi) from east to west.[1]
The waters of these rivers are very turbid due to a heavy silt load they carry
and the sea is very shallow with depths less than 5.5 metres (18 ft) across
the coastline and in the east for a distance of up to 28 kilometres (17 mi)
offshore. As a result of constant accretion into the sea, the delta is
advancing at a rate of 5–6 kilometres (3.1–3.7 mi) per 100 years, equivalent
to about 1,000 hectares per year.[1]
### Climate[edit]
Annual rainfall in the delta region is approximately 2,500 mm (98.4 in), with
a mean temperatures of 32 °C (90 °F).[3] Most of the rain falls during the
monsoons between mid-May and mid-November. It is cool and dry from mid-October
to mid-February when temperatures begin to rise with premonsoon squalls in
April and early May.[1]
### Ecosystems[edit]
Water purity lies within the pH range of alkaline condition due to early
natural resources and weak environmental control. Mangroves or lamu and nipa
palm or dani are the major vegetation of the delta. Moreover, control of weeds
is less active as local farmers make mats during the summer. Destruction of
mangroves and deforestation in the coastal region due to the Cyclone Nargis
put it more at risk in future.[4][5]
### River banks[edit]
\[icon\]
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (May 2008)
### Islands[edit]
The principal islands include Haingyi Kyun, Leit Kyun (Turtle Island), Pyin
Salu Kyun, and Meinmahla Kyun (Pretty Women Island).
### Major cities[edit]
Major cities include Bogale, Maubin, Myaungmya, Moulmeingyun, Pantanaw,
Pathein, Pyapon, Dedaye up to Twante, and Kyauktan.
### Canals[edit]
There is no extensive system of irrigation or water transport canals except
Twante Canal, constructed during the colonial period. It is much beneficial to
the delta region for communication and commerce through water transportation
with Yangon. Delta culture hence shifted to Yangon, its influence evident in
places and products such as Bogale Market, Mortin Quarter, Yay Kyaw Quarter,
Danubyu Restaurants, Pathein Halawa (halva dessert), Tinphyu mats from
Pantanaw, and Pathein umbrella.
## History[edit]
The delta was historically populated by the Mon. Politically, the Burman
kingdoms in farther north of the Irrawaddy River had controlled the delta area
since the mid-11th century with few exceptions. The control of the fertile
area reverted to Bago-based Mon kingdoms in the 13th to 15th centuries
(1287–1539) and briefly in the 18th century (1747–1757).
The delta was also where the British first got a toe-hold in Burma. The
British seized Haingyi Kyun or Negrais Island in 1753, after the Mon resisted
their request to establish a trading post. The Burmese king Alaungpaya ceded
the island to the British in 1757, but retook the island in 1759 by force when
the king felt he had been betrayed by the British in his war against the
Mon.[6] The battle of Danubyu in 1825 in the delta was the last major stand by
the Burmese against the advancing British forces in the First Anglo-Burmese
War (1824–1826). The delta was seized by the British in the Second Anglo-
Burmese War of 1852 and became part of British Burma.
The British colonial administration drained the marshes and swamps that
dominated the area, and built dykes and embankments starting from 1861 for
rice cultivation as the Burmans began to migrate south into British Burma in
search of greener pastures. Now, 1,300 kilometres (808 mi) of major
embankments in the delta protect 600,000 hectares of paddyland.[1]
## Inhabitants[edit]
It is mainly populated by farming and fishing communities in several villages
besides market towns, mostly located along the main rivers. At 100 per km2, it
is one of the most densely populated regions in the country with a total
population of 3.5 million.[1] Current inhabitants include, apart from the Mon
and Bamar, a majority Pwo Kayin.
## Economy and development[edit]
The region is Myanmar's largest rice producer, so its infrastructure of road
transportation has been greatly developed during the 1990s and 2000s. Two-
thirds of the total arable land is under rice cultivation with a yield of
about 2,000–2,500 kilograms (4,409–5,512 lb) per hectare. Fishing is carried
out from fixed fishing frames as well as from small boats. Prawn fishery and
harvesting sea turtle eggs are also major commercial activities both of which
are now threatened by the loss of mangrove forests as clearing of land
proceeds for agriculture. Since communication throughout the delta is easiest
by water, almost every household possesses a boat and major towns such as
Bogale, Mawlamyinegyun and Myaungmya are served by steamer.[1]
## National heritage sites and nature reserves[edit]
Meinmahla Kyun Reservation is a national heritage site as well as a natural
habitat to many mangrove forests and diverse sea life. The Irrawaddy dolphin
(Orcaella brevirostris) is not a true river dolphin native to the Delta
region, but it was named after the river, and these sea dolphins are known to
enter the rivers of South East Asia.
## See also[edit]
* Ayeyarwady Division
* Irrawaddy dolphin
* Cyclone Nargis
## Notes[edit]
1. ^ a b c d e f g "Irrawaddy Delta". ARCBC (ASEAN Regional Centre for Biodiversity Conservation). Archived from the original on 15 May 2008. Retrieved 14 May 2008.
2. ^ "Myanmar death toll soars, devastation 'huge' " Reuters 17 May 2008
3. ^ Thein, Myat (2005). Economic Development of Myanmar. ISBN 981-230-211-5.
4. ^ "IMangrove destruction partly to blame for Myanmar toll: ASEAN chief" Archived 12 May 2008 at the Wayback Machine, Google News, 6 May 2008
5. ^ "Mangrove loss 'put Burma at risk'", BBC News, 6 May 2008
6. ^ D.G.E. Hall (1960). Burma. Hutchinson University Library.[permanent dead link]
## References[edit]
* National Geographic Magazine
* National Geographic Magazine1
* UNOSAT Myanmar map
## External links[edit]
* Map of Irrawaddy Delta – MSN Encarta
* UN:Myanmar's Food Bowl Devastated, May 9 2008
Retrieved from
"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Irrawaddy_Delta&oldid=1032079414"
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* Ayeyarwady Region
* River deltas of Asia
* Landforms of Myanmar
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