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spiderum_text/3863 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
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*[yyyy]: year
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*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
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*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
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*[DD]: Deep depressions
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|
spiderum_text/2251 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa | Error 404 (Not Found)!!1
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The requested URL was not found on this server. That’s all we know.
*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
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*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
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*[lit.]: literal translation
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*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
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*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
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*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
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*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
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|
spiderum_text/2984 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa | Data Analytics
#
Streamline data management and governance with the unification of Data Catalog
and Dataplex
July 20, 2022
* * * * ##### Lu Yang
Senior Product Manager, Google Cloud
##### George Verghese
Product Manager, Google Cloud
Today, we are excited to announce that Google Cloud Data Catalog will be
unified with Dataplex into a single user interface. With this unification,
customers have a unified experience to search and discover their data, enrich
it with relevant business information, organize it by logical data domains,
and centrally govern and monitor their distributed data with built-in data
intelligence and automation capabilities. Customers now have access to an
integrated metadata platform that connects technical and operational metadata
with business metadata, and then uses this augmented and active metadata to
drive intelligent data management and governance.
The enterprise data landscape is becoming increasingly diverse and distributed
with data across multiple storage systems, each having its own way of handling
metadata, security, and governance. This creates a tremendous amount of
operational complexity, and thus, generates strong market demand for a
metadata platform that can power consistent operations across distributed
data.
Dataplex provides a data fabric to automate data management, governance,
discovery, and exploration across distributed data at scale. With Dataplex,
enterprises can easily arrange their data into data domains, delegate
ownership, usage, and sharing of data to data owners who have the right
business context, while still maintaining a single pane of glass to
consistently monitor and govern data across various data domains in their
organization.
Prior to this unification, data owners, stewards and governors had to use two
different interfaces - Dataplex to organize, manage, and govern their data,
and Data Catalog to discover, understand, and enrich their data. Now with this
unification, we are creating a single coherent user experience where customers
can now automatically discover and catalog all the data they own, understand
data lineage, check for data quality, augment with business knowledge,
organize data into domains, and then use that combined metadata to power data
management. Together we provide an integrated experience that serves the full
spectrum of data governance needs in an organization, enabling data management
at scale.
“With Data Catalog now being part of Dataplex, we get a unified, simplified,
and streamlined experience to effectively discover and govern our data, which
enables team productivity and analytics agility for our organization. We can
now use a single experience to search and discover data with relevant business
context, organize and govern this data based on business domains, and enable
access to trusted data for analytics and data science - all within the same
platform.” said Elton Martins, Senior Director of Data Engineering at Loblaw
Companies Limited.
https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-cloudblog-
publish/images/unified_dataplex.max-2000x2000.jpghttps://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-
cloudblog-publish/images/unified_dataplex.max-2000x2000.jpg
### Getting started
Existing Data Catalog and Dataplex customers and new customers can now start
using Dataplex for metadata discovery, management and governance. Please note
that while the user experience interface is unified via this release, all
existing APIs and feature functionalities of both products will continue to
work as before. To learn more, please refer to technical documentations or
contact the Google Cloud sales team.
Data Analytics
##### Scalable Python on BigQuery using Dask and NVIDIA GPUs
To accelerate data analytics and machine learning workflows, we introduce the
Dask BigQuery connector to read data through BigQuery storage API and deploy
at scale on NVIDIA GPUs using Dask and RAPIDS on Google Dataproc
By Dong Meng • 3-minute read
https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-cloudblog-
publish/images/DO_NOT_USE_CUxs9oC.max-900x900.jpg
Posted in
* Data Analytics
* Google Cloud
##### Related articles
https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-cloudblog-
publish/images/EmilyBobis.max-700x700.jpg
Data Analytics
##### Meet our Data Champions: Emily Bobis, driving road intelligence in
Australia
By Emily Bobis • 4-minute read
https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-cloudblog-
publish/images/DO_NOT_USE_CUxs9oC.max-700x700.jpg
Data Analytics
##### Built with BigQuery: Aible's serverless journey to challenge the cost
vs. performance paradigm
By Dr. Ali Arsanjani • 8-minute read
https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-cloudblog-
publish/images/datanalytics2022.max-700x700.jpg
Data Analytics
##### Connected Sheets for Looker is now generally available
By Maire Newton • 2-minute read
https://storage.googleapis.com/gweb-cloudblog-
publish/images/DO_NOT_USE_CUxs9oC.max-700x700.jpg
Data Analytics
##### Built with BigQuery: How BigQuery helps Leverege deliver business-
critical enterprise IoT solutions at scale
By Dr. Ali Arsanjani • 8-minute read
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*[v]: View this template
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*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
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*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
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*[±%]: Percent change
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*[No.]: Number
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*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
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*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
|
spiderum_text/1344 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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# Xiaomi Mipad 2
Mua bán Xiaomi Mipad 2, giá cả thị trường và tất cả các bài rao vặt máy tính
bảng Xiaomi Mipad 2 cũ mới giá tốt trên 5Giay.vn Contents: 23. Watchers: 0.
Views: 9,264.
1. Diễn đàn
### Máy Tính Bảng Và Phụ Kiện
> Mua bán Máy tính bảng cũ mới, tablet chính hãng Samsung, Acer, Asus, Lenovo,
> iPad, Surface Pro và bao da, case, phụ kiện máy tính bảng giá rẻ tại...
Xiaomi Mipad 2 64GB Gold còn bh 06/2017
### Xiaomi Mipad 2 64GB Gold còn bh 06/2017
Chủ đề bởi: mysuncl, 11/9/16, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Máy Tính Bảng Và
Phụ Kiện
Bán Xiaomi Mipad bản win10 rom 64gb gold. giá tốt
### Bán Xiaomi Mipad bản win10 rom 64gb gold. giá tốt
Chủ đề bởi: Vn™, 10/5/16, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Máy Tính Bảng Và Phụ
Kiện
Xiaomi MiPad 2 giá tốt nhiều ưu đãi !!!
### Xiaomi MiPad 2 giá tốt nhiều ưu đãi !!!
Chủ đề bởi: salesmrbachkhoa, 28/3/16, 2 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Máy Tính
Bảng Và Phụ Kiện
Vì sao bạn nên mua máy tính bảng Xiaomi Mipad 2
### Vì sao bạn nên mua máy tính bảng Xiaomi Mipad 2
Chủ đề bởi: nguyenhientu, 4/3/16, 3 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Máy Tính Bảng
Và Phụ Kiện
cường lực, Bao da xiaomi mipad 2 chất da ca cấp, tự tắt mở màn hình
### cường lực, Bao da xiaomi mipad 2 chất da ca cấp, tự tắt mở màn hình
Chủ đề bởi: Phukienzin142, 31/12/15, 1 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Phụ kiện
điện thoại
Xiaomi Mipad 7.9in cau hinh khung new 98.99% nguyen zin
### Xiaomi Mipad 7.9in cau hinh khung new 98.99% nguyen zin
Chủ đề bởi: LY Tran, 4/11/15, 1 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Máy Tính Bảng Và
Phụ Kiện
BeBot1992
### Hiệu Khác - Mua Xiaomi Mipad 16gb ở HCM
Chủ đề bởi: BeBot1992, 26/11/14, 0 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Máy Tính Bảng
Và Phụ Kiện
mipad , mi4 chính hãng bảo hành 12 tháng
### Hiệu Khác - mipad , mi4 chính hãng bảo hành 12 tháng
Chủ đề bởi: tiên sinh, 6/11/14, 1 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Máy Tính Bảng
Và Phụ Kiện
mr.do
### Thanh lý sạc dự phòng Yoobao, Xiaomi chính hãng giá rẻ
Chủ đề bởi: mr.do, 31/10/14, 1 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Máy Tính Bảng Và
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choisunam
### Máy tính bảng China - Máy tính bảng Xiaomi Mipad chính hãng
Chủ đề bởi: choisunam, 8/8/14, 3 lần trả lời, trong diễn đàn: Máy Tính Bảng Và
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*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
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*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
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*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
|
spiderum_text/4868 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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## Contents
move to sidebar hide
* (Top)
* 1History
* 1.1Acquisitions
* 2Revenue and sales
* 3Stock
* 4Staff and management
* 5Bottlers
* 6Consumer relations and civic involvement
* 7Criticism
* 7.1Plastic production and waste
* 7.2Racial discrimination
* 8Advertising
* 9Products and brands
* 9.1Non-food assets
* 9.1.1Columbia Pictures
* 9.1.2World of Coca-Cola
* 9.2Brands
* 9.2.1Other soft drinks
* 9.2.2BreakMate
* 9.2.3Healthy beverages
* 9.2.4Best selling
* 9.2.5Information
* 9.2.6Green tea
* 9.2.7Glaceau
* 9.2.8Huiyuan Juice
* 9.2.9Coke Mini can
* 9.2.10Holiday can
* 9.2.11Stake in Monster Beverage
* 9.2.12Alcoholic beverages
* 10Front groups
* 11Sponsorship
* 11.1Sports
* 11.2Television
* 11.3Theme parks
* 12See also
* 13References
* 13.1Notes
* 13.2Citations
* 14Further reading
* 15External links
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# The Coca-Cola Company
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
American multinational beverage corporation
The Coca-Cola CompanyThe Coca-Cola Company \(2020\).svg
Coca-Cola Tower and Guggenheim Building, Atlanta, Northeast view 20160717
1.jpg
Coca-Cola headquarters in Atlanta
TypePublic
Traded as
* NYSE: KO
* DJIA component
* S&P 100 component
* S&P 500 component
ISINUS1912161007
IndustryBeverage
FoundedJanuary 29, 1892; 131 years ago (1892-01-29)
Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.
Founders
* John Stith Pemberton (as Coca-Cola)
* Asa Griggs Candler (as The Coca-Cola Company)
Headquarters
Atlanta, Georgia
,
U.S.
Area served
Worldwide
Key people
* James Quincey (chairman and CEO)
* Brian Smith (president and COO)
ProductsList of The Coca-Cola Company products
RevenueIncrease US$38.7 billion (2021)
Operating income
Increase US$10.3 billion (2021)
Net income
Increase US$9.8 billion (2021)
Total assetsIncrease US$94.4 billion (2021)
Total equityIncrease US24.8 billion (2021)
Owners
* Berkshire Hathaway (9.23%)
* The Vanguard Group (7.90%)
* BlackRock (6.45%)[1]
Number of employees
Increase 86,200 (2019)[2]
SubsidiariesList of the Coca-Cola Company subsidiaries
Websitecoca-colacompany.com
The Coca-Cola Company is an American multinational beverage corporation
founded in 1892, best known as the producer of Coca-Cola. The Coca-Cola
Company also manufactures, sells, and markets other non-alcoholic beverage
concentrates and syrups, and alcoholic beverages. The company's stock is
listed on the NYSE and is part of the DJIA and the S&P 500 and S&P 100
indexes.
The soft drink was developed in 1886 by pharmacist John Stith Pemberton. At
the time it was introduced, the product contained cocaine from coca leaves and
caffeine from kola nuts which together acted as a stimulant. The coca and the
kola are the source of the product name, and led to Coca-Cola's promotion as a
"healthy tonic". Pemberton had been severely wounded in the American Civil
War, and had become addicted to the pain medication morphine. He developed the
beverage as a patent medicine in an effort to control his addiction.
In 1889, the formula and brand were sold for $2,300 (roughly $71,000 in 2022)
to Asa Griggs Candler, who incorporated the Coca-Cola Company in Atlanta in
1892. The company has operated a franchised distribution system since 1889.[3]
The company largely produces syrup concentrate, which is then sold to various
bottlers throughout the world who hold exclusive territories. The company owns
its anchor bottler in North America, Coca-Cola Refreshments.[4]
## History[edit]
Main article: Coca-Cola § History
In July 1886, pharmacist John Stith Pemberton from Columbus, Georgia invented
the original Coca-Cola drink, which was advertised as helpful in the relief of
headache, to be placed on sale primarily in drugstores as a medicinal
beverage.[5] Pemberton had made many mixing experiments and reached his goal
during the month of May, but the new product was as yet unnamed and
uncarbonated.[6] Pemberton's bookkeeper, Frank M. Robinson, is credited with
naming the product and creating its logo.[7] Robinson chose the name Coca-Cola
because of its two main ingredients (coca leaves and kola nuts) and because it
is an alliteration. John Pemberton had taken a break and left Robinson to
make, promote, and sell Coca-Cola on his own. Robinson promoted the drink with
the limited budget that he had, and succeeded.[8]
American businessman Asa Griggs Candler purchased the Coca-Cola formula and
brand, forming the Coca-Cola Company in Atlanta in 1892. By 1895, Coca-Cola
was being sold in every state in the union.[9] In 1919, the company was sold
to Ernest Woodruff's Trust Company of Georgia.[10]
Coca-Cola's first ad read "Coca Cola. Delicious! Refreshing! Exhilarating!
Invigorating!"[8] Candler was one of the first businessmen to use
merchandising in his advertising strategy.[citation needed] As of 1948, Coca-
Cola had claimed about 60% of its market share.[9] By 1984, the Coca-Cola
Company's market share decreased to 21.8% due to new competitors.[9]
### Acquisitions[edit]
Coca-Cola acquired Minute Maid in 1960 for an undisclosed amount.[11][12] In
1982, it acquired the movie studio Columbia Pictures for $692 million.[13]
Coca-Cola then launched a series of entertainment takeovers, namely Merv
Griffin Enterprises and Embassy Communications in the mid-1980s, forming the
Entertainment Business Sector, which would later merge with Tri-Star Pictures
to start out Columbia Pictures Entertainment, with CPE holding a stake in the
company.[14][15] Coca-Cola sold Columbia to Sony for $3 billion in 1989.[13]
In 1986, Coke sold off two assets, namely Presto Products and Winker-Flexible
Products to an investment group led by E.O. Gaylord for $38 million.[16]
The company acquired the Indian cola brand Thums Up in 1993,[17] and Barq's in
1995.[18] In 1999, Coca-Cola purchased 50% of the shares of Inca Kola for $200
million, subsequently taking control of overseas marketing and production for
the brand.[19] In 2001, it acquired the Odwalla brand of fruit juices,
smoothies, and bars for $181 million.[20][21] It announced Odwalla's
discontinuation in 2020.[22] In 2007, it acquired Fuze Beverage from founder
Lance Collins and Castanea Partners for an estimated $250 million.[23][24]
The company's 2009 bid to buy Chinese juice maker Huiyuan Juice Group ended
when China rejected its $2.4 billion bid, on the grounds the resulting company
would be a virtual monopoly.[25] Nationalism was also thought to be a reason
for aborting the deal.[26]
In 2011, it acquired the remaining stake in Honest Tea, having bought a 40%
stake in 2008 for $43 million.[27] In 2013, it finalized its purchase of ZICO,
a coconut water company.[28][29][30] In August 2014, it acquired a 16.7%
(currently 19.36% due to stock buy backs) stake in Monster Beverage for $2.15
billion with an option to increase it to 25%, as part of a long-term strategic
partnership that includes marketing and distribution alliance, and product
line swap.[31] In 2015, the company took a minority stake ownership in the
cold pressed juice manufacturer, Suja Life LLC.[32][33] In December 2016, it
bought many of the former SABMiller's Coca-Cola operations.[34] The Coca-Cola
Company owns a 68.3% stake in Coca-Cola Bottlers Africa. Coca-Cola Bottlers
Africa's headquarters located in Port Elizabeth South Africa.
The Coca-Cola Company acquired a 40% stake in Chi Ltd on January 30, 2016. The
Coca-Cola Company acquired the remaining 60% stake in Chi Ltd on January 30,
2019.
In 2017, the Coca-Cola Company acquired Mexican sparkling water brand Topo
Chico.[35]
On August 31, 2018, it agreed to acquire Costa Coffee from Whitbread for
£3.9bn. The acquisition closed on January 3, 2019.[36] During August 2018, The
Coca-Cola Company acquired Moxie for an undisclosed amount.[37] On August 14,
2018, the Coca-Cola Company announced a minority interest in Body Armor.[38]
On September 19, 2018, the Coca-Cola Company acquired Organic & Raw Trading
Co. Pty Ltd the manufacturer of MOJO Kombucha in Willunga, Australia.
On October 5, 2018, the Coca-Cola Company acquired a 22.5% stake in MADE Group
from the company's three founders: Luke Marget, Matt Dennis, and Brad Wilson.
The Coca-Cola Company owns a 30.8% stake in Coca-Cola Amatil Ltd; therefore,
the Coca-Cola Company owns a further 6.93% stake in MADE Group through its
ownership stake in Coca-Cola Amatil Ltd.
## Revenue and sales[edit]
The Coca-Cola Company's Minute Maid group North America offices in Sugar Land
Town Square, Sugar Land, Texas, United States
According to the Coca-Cola Company's 2005 annual report, it had sold beverage
products in more than 200 countries that year.[39] The 2005 report further
states that of the approximately 50 billion beverage servings of all types
consumed worldwide, daily, beverages bearing the trademarks owned by or
licensed to Coca-Cola account for more than 1.3 billion. Of these, beverages
bearing the trademark "Coca-Cola" or "Coke" accounted for approximately 55% of
the company's total gallon sales.[39]
In 2010, it was announced that Coca-Cola had become the first brand to top £1
billion in annual UK grocery sales.[40] In 2017, Coca-Cola sales were down 11%
from the year before due to consumer tastes shifting away from sugary
drinks.[41]
Year Revenue
in mil. USD Net income
in mil. USD Price per Share
in USD Employees
2000[42] 17,354 2,177 27.71
2001[42] 17,545 3,969 24.35
2002[42] 19,394 3,050 24.88
2003[42] 20,857 4,347 22.04
2004[43] 21,742 4,847 23.22
2005[44] 23,104 4,872 21.38
2006[45] 24,088 5,080 21.94
2007[46] 28,857 5,981 26.89 90,500
2008[47] 31,944 5,807 26.91 92,400
2009[48] 30,990 6,824 24.38 92,800
2010[49] 35,119 11,787 28.26 139,600
2011[50] 46,542 8,584 33.32 146,200
2012[51] 48,017 9,019 37.06 150,900
2013[52] 46,854 8,584 39.66 130,600
2014[53] 45,998 7,098 40.84 129,200
2015[54] 44,294 7,351 41.24 123,200
2016[55] 41,863 6,527 43.54 100,300
2017[56] 35,410 1,248 44.34 61,800
2018[57] 34,300 6,434 45.41 62,600
2019[58] 37,266 8,920 50.82 86,200
2020[59] 33,014 7,747 49.95 80,300
## Stock[edit]
Certificate of Purchase Class A Stock for 20 Shares of the Coca-Cola Company,
issued February 20, 1929
Since 1919, Coca-Cola has been a publicly traded company.[60] Its stock is
listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol "KO".[61] One
share of stock purchased in 1919 for $40, with all dividends reinvested, would
have been worth $9.8 million in 2012, a 10.7% annual increase adjusted for
inflation.[62] A predecessor bank of SunTrust received $100,000 for
underwriting Coca-Cola's 1919 public offering; the bank sold that stock for
over $2 billion in 2012.[63] In 1987, Coca-Cola once again became one of the
30 stocks which makes up the Dow Jones Industrial Average, which is commonly
referenced as a proxy for stock market performance; it had previously been a
Dow stock from 1932 to 1935.[64] Coca-Cola has paid a dividend since 1920 and,
as of 2019, had increased it each year for 57 years straight.[65][66][67][68]
## Staff and management[edit]
Main page: Category:Coca-Cola people
The following are key management as of July 2021 (excluding VP positions and
regional leaders):[69]
* James Quincey (Chairman of the Board and chief executive officer)
* Brian Smith (president and chief operating officer)
* Manuel Arroyo (chief marketing officer)
* Alfredo Rivera (President, North America Operating Unit)
* Lisa Chang (chief people officer)
* Marcelo Boffi (president, Bottling Investments Group)
* Monica Howard Douglas (general counsel)
* Nancy Quan (chief technical officer)
* Barry Simpson (chief information officer)
* Beatriz Perez (chief of communications, sustainability & strategic partnerships)
* John Murphy (chief financial officer)
* Giles Leclerc (President, The McDonald's Division)
The following are all directors as of November 2016:[69]
See also: Category:Directors of The Coca-Cola Company
* Muhtar Kent
* Herbert A. Allen Jr.
* Ronald W. Allen
* Marc Bolland
* Ana Botín
* Howard G. Buffett
* Richard M. Daley
* Barry Diller
* Helene D. Gayle
* Alexis M. Herman
* Bobby Kotick
* Maria Elena Lagomasino
* Sam Nunn
* David B. Weinberg
## Bottlers[edit]
Coca-Cola
In general, the Coca-Cola Company and its subsidiaries only produce syrup
concentrate, which is then sold to various bottlers throughout the world who
hold a local Coca-Cola franchise.[70] Coca-Cola bottlers, who hold
territorially exclusive contracts with the company, produce the finished
product in cans and bottles from the concentrate, in combination with filtered
water and sweeteners. The bottlers then sell, distribute, and merchandise the
Coca-Cola product to retail stores, vending machines, restaurants, and food
service distributors.[70] Outside the United States, these bottlers also
control the fountain business.[citation needed]
Since the 1980s, the company has actively encouraged the consolidation of
bottlers, with the company often owning a share of these "anchor
bottlers."[71]
Outside North America
The company's largest bottlers outside North America are:[72]
* Coca-Cola Europacific Partners PLC, based in the United Kingdom (western Europe) (Company owns 19.36%)
* National Beverage Company Sal, based in Beirut, Lebanon
* International Beverages Pvt. Ltd., based in Bangladesh (Fully owned subsidiary of the Coca-Cola Company)[73]
* Coca-Cola Bottling Shqipëria, based in Albania
* Coca-Cola Beverages Philippines, based in the Philippines (fully owned subsidiary of the Coca-Cola Company)
* Coca-Cola FEMSA, based in Mexico (Mexico, Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Panama, Uruguay and Venezuela) (Company owns 27.8%)
* Arca Continental, also based in Mexico (parts of Mexico and Latin America and in US under Coca-Cola Southwest Beverages LLC in the state of Texas and parts of New Mexico, Oklahoma and Arkansas ) (independent)
* Embotelladora Andina S.A, based in Chile (southern South America) (Company owns 14.7% of series A common stock outstanding & 14.7% of series B common stock outstanding)
* Coca-Cola Beverages Africa, based in Port Elizabeth, South Africa (southern and eastern Africa) (company owns 68.3%)
* Coca-Cola Beverages Korea, based in South Korea (independent; owned by LG Household & Health Care)
* Coca-Cola HBC AG, originally based in Greece but now located in Switzerland (Greece, Ireland, Eastern Europe, Russia, and Nigeria) (Company owns 23.2%)
* Coca-Cola Icecek Based in Turkey (Turkey, South West Asia, Arabia) (Company owns 20.1%)
* Swire, based in Hong Kong (China, Taiwan, Hong Kong) (independent)
* Kirin Company, based in Japan (independent)
* Coca-Cola Bottlers Japan (through a holding company, Company owns 16.3%)
* PT Coca-Cola Bottling Indonesia (Company owns 29.4%) (Coca-Cola Amatil ltd owns 70.6%)
* Coca-Cola Bottlers Uzbekistan (Company owns 42.9%)
In the United States
Houston Coca-Cola Bottling Company
In the United States, the company bypasses bottlers by manufacturing and
selling fountain syrups directly to authorized fountain wholesalers and some
fountain retailers.[74]
As of 2014, after purchasing the North American assets of Coca-Cola
Enterprises, the company directly owns 100% of Coca-Cola Refreshments, the
anchor bottler of Coca-Cola products in North America, representing about 90%
of Canada and 80% of the United States.[citation needed]
Other major bottlers in the United States are:
* Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated, based in Charlotte, North Carolina (company owns 34.8%)
* Coca-Cola Beverages Northeast based in Bedford, New Hampshire, and owned by Kirin Company
* Coca-Cola Bottling Company United, based in Birmingham, Alabama (independent)
* Swire Coca-Cola USA, based in Salt Lake City, Utah and owned by Swire Group
In September 2015, the company announced the sale of several production plants
and territories to Swire, Consolidated, and United, and creation of the Coca-
Cola National Product Supply System which controls 95% of the territory in the
United States.[75]
## Consumer relations and civic involvement[edit]
After Martin Luther King Jr. won the 1964 Nobel Peace Prize, plans for an
interracial celebratory dinner in still-segregated Atlanta were not initially
well supported by the city's business elite until Coca-Cola intervened.[76]
> J. Paul Austin, the chairman and CEO of Coca-Cola, and Mayor Ivan Allen
> summoned key Atlanta business leaders to the Commerce Club's eighteenth-
> floor dining room, where Austin told them flatly, 'It is embarrassing for
> Coca-Cola to be located in a city that refuses to honor its Nobel Prize
> winner. We are an international business. The Coca-Cola Company does not
> need Atlanta. You all need to decide whether Atlanta needs the Coca-Cola
> Company.' Within two hours of the end of that meeting, every ticket to the
> dinner was sold.
> — Andrew Young[77]
Throughout 2012, Coca-Cola contributed $1,700,500 to a $46 million political
campaign known as "The Coalition Against The Costly Food Labeling Proposition,
sponsored by Farmers and Food Producers".[78] This organization was set up to
oppose a citizen's initiative, known as Proposition 37, demanding mandatory
labeling of foods containing genetically modified ingredients.[79]
In 2012, Coca-Cola was listed as a partner of the (RED) campaign, together
with other brands such as Nike, Girl, American Express, and Converse. The
campaign's mission is to prevent the transmission of the HIV virus from mother
to child by 2015 (the campaign's byline is "Fighting for an AIDS Free
Generation").[80]
## Criticism[edit]
Main article: Criticism of Coca-Cola
Since the early 2000s, the criticisms over the use of Coca-Cola products as
well as the company itself, escalated with concerns over health effects,
environmental issues, animal testing, economic business practices and employee
issues.[81] The Coca-Cola Company has been faced with multiple lawsuits
concerning these various criticisms.[82]
### Plastic production and waste[edit]
See also: Plastic pollution
* Coca-Cola bottles as pollution in water
Coca-Cola bottles as pollution in water
* Discussion about plastic waste with Coca-Cola CEO James Quincey
The Coca-Cola Company produces over 3 million tonnes of plastic packaging each
year including 110 billion plastic bottles.[83][84][85]
The company's global chief executive stated that Coca-Cola has no plans to
reduce its use of plastic bottles;[83] and opposes bottle bill
legislation.[86] The head of sustainability Bea Perez has said they will
continue to use plastic, noting "customers like them because they reseal and
are lightweight".
As part of Coca-Cola's global initiative in UK "World Without Waste", the
company has started rolling out new versions of plastic bottles featuring an
attached cap. In a statement made by Jon Woods, general manager at Coca-Cola
Great Britain, "This is a small change that we hope will have a big impact,
ensuring that when consumers recycle our bottles, no cap gets left behind,"
[87]
### Racial discrimination[edit]
In November 2000, Coca-Cola agreed to pay $192.5 million to settle a class
action racial discrimination lawsuit and promised to change the way it
manages, promotes, and treats minority employees in the US. In 2003,
protesters at Coca-Cola's annual meeting claimed that black people remained
underrepresented in top management at the company, were paid less than white
employees, and fired more often.[88] In 2004, Luke Visconti, a co-founder of
DiversityInc, which rates companies on their diversity efforts, said: "Because
of the settlement decree, Coca-Cola was forced to put in management practices
that have put the company in the top 10 for diversity."[89]
In March 2012, 16 workers of color sued Coca-Cola, claiming they had to work
in a “cesspool of racial discrimination.”[90][91]
In February 2021, recordings of an employee training course were leaked on
social media. The course instructed employees to "be less white", which the
course equated with being less "arrogant" and "oppressive."[92]
## Advertising[edit]
Question book-new.svg
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A Chevrolet Express van bearing the logo of the Coca-Cola Company
Coca-Cola advertising has "been among the most prolific in marketing history,"
with a notable and major impact on popular culture and society as a whole.[93]
The company in recent years has spent approximately an annual $4 billion
globally to promote its drinks to the public; and spent approximately $4.24
billion on advertising in fiscal year 2019, the lion's share of which was
spent to advertise Coca-Cola.[94]
Coca-Cola advertises through direct marketing, web-based media, social media,
text messaging, and sales promotions. The company also markets via mobile
marketing in text messages, e.g. viral marketing campaigns.[93]
Fan engagement spans 86 million globally across social media channels: online
interaction, and social, cultural, or sporting events.[93]
In the retail setting, direct store beverage delivery trucks (mobile
advertising) as well as point of sale coolers and vending machines have bright
red logo blazoned branding. In terms of foodservice, Coca-Cola is a food
pairing suggestion that is now ingrained as a food match, e.g., for popcorn,
hamburgers, french fries, and hot dog combos.[93]
## Products and brands[edit]
Main article: List of Coca-Cola brands
See also: List of assets owned by The Coca-Cola Company
Coca-Cola Company's office building in Madrid (Spain)
As of 2020, the Coca-Cola Company offers more than 500 brands in over 200
countries. In September 2020, the company announced that it would cut more
than half of its brands, as a result of the economic effects caused by the
COVID-19 pandemic.[95]
### Non-food assets[edit]
#### Columbia Pictures[edit]
Coca-Cola bought Columbia Pictures in 1982, owing to the low monetary value of
the studio. The film company was the first and only studio ever be owned by
Coca-Cola. During its ownership of the studio, Columbia released many popular
films including Ghostbusters, Stripes, The Karate Kid, and some others.
However, two years after the critical and commercial failure of the 1987 film
Ishtar, Columbia was spun-off and then sold to Tokyo-based Sony in 1989.[13]
#### World of Coca-Cola[edit]
Main article: World of Coca-Cola
Coca-Cola operates a soft drink themed tourist attraction in Atlanta, Georgia;
the World of Coca-Cola is a multi-storied exhibition. It features flavor
sampling and a history museum, with locations in Las Vegas, Nevada, and Lake
Buena Vista, Florida.[96][97]
### Brands[edit]
#### Other soft drinks[edit]
Vendor machine in Berlin, Germany
The Coca-Cola Company also produces a number of other soft drinks including
Fanta (introduced circa 1941) and Sprite. Fanta's origins date back to World
War II during a trade embargo against Germany on cola syrup, making it
impossible to sell Coca-Cola in Germany. Max Keith, the head of Coca-Cola's
German office during the war, decided to create a new product for the German
market, made only from products available in Germany at the time, which they
named Fanta.[98] The drink proved to be a hit, and when Coke took over again
after the war, it adopted the Fanta brand as well. Fanta was originally an
orange-flavored soft drink that can come in plastic bottles or cans. It has
become available in many different flavors now such as grape, peach,
grapefruit, apple, pineapple, and strawberry.
In 1961, Coca-Cola introduced Sprite, a lemon-lime soft drink, another of the
company's bestsellers and its response to 7 Up.
Tab was Coca-Cola's first attempt to develop a diet soft drink, using
saccharin as a sugar substitute. Introduced in 1963, the product was sold
until fall 2020,[99] although its sales had dwindled since the introduction of
Diet Coke.[100]
Coca-Cola South Africa also released Valpre Bottled "still" and "sparkling"
water.
In 1969, the company released Simba, which was a take on Mountain Dew, and had
packaging that was African desert-themed, replete with an African Lion as the
symbol of the brand. The tagline was "Simba – It Conquers the African Thirst."
Also in 1969, the company released a line of products under the name of
Santiba, which was targeted for mixing cocktails and party usage, products
including Quinine water and Ginger Ale. Like the above-mentioned Simba, the
Santiba line of products was short-lived in the marketplace.
#### BreakMate[edit]
Main article: BreakMate
No longer manufactured, the Coca-Cola BreakMate was a three-flavor dispenser
introduced by Coca-Cola and Siemens in 1988. Intended for use in offices with
five to fifty people,[101] its refrigerated compartment held three individual
one-litre plastic containers of soda syrup and a CO2 tank. Like a soda
fountain, it mixed syrup in a 1:5 ratio with carbonated water. In North
America, Coca-Cola discontinued spare BreakMate parts in 2007 and stopped
distributing the syrup in 2010.[102]
#### Healthy beverages[edit]
During the 1990s, the company responded to the growing consumer interest in
healthy beverages by introducing several new non-carbonated beverage brands.
These included Minute Maid Juices to Go, Powerade sports beverage, flavored
tea Nestea (in a joint venture with Nestlé), Fruitopia fruit drink, and Dasani
water, among others. In 2001, the Minute Maid division launched the Simply
Orange brand of juices including orange juice. In 2016, Coca-Cola India
introduced Vio to enter into the value-added dairy category. The product lays
the foundation for Coca-Cola's new segment after carbonated beverages, water
and juices.[103]
In 2004, perhaps in response to the burgeoning popularity of low-carbohydrate
diets such as the Atkins diet, Coca-Cola announced its intention to develop
and sell a low-carbohydrate alternative to Coke Classic, dubbed C2 Cola. C2
contains a mix of high fructose corn syrup, aspartame, sucralose, and
Acesulfame potassium. C2 is designed to more closely emulate the taste of
Coca-Cola Classic. Even with less than half of the food energy and
carbohydrates of standard soft drinks, C2 is not a replacement for zero-
calorie soft drinks such as Diet Coke. C2 went on sale in the U.S. on June 11,
2004, and in Canada in August 2004; it was replaced in 2013 by Coca-Cola Life.
Starting in 2009, the Coca-Cola Company invested in Innocent Drinks, first
with a minor stake, increasing to 90% in the first quarter of 2013.[104]
It was in May 2014 when Finley, a sparkling fruit-flavored drink, was launched
in France. It was launched in other countries later,[105] including Belgium
and Luxembourg in September 2014. Coca-Cola first started developing the drink
in Belgium in 2001.[106] As of 2014, the drink is targeted for adults, and is
low in sugar with four flavors.[105]
#### Best selling[edit]
Coca-Cola is the best-selling soft drink in most countries, and was recognized
as the number one global brand in 2010.[107] While the Middle East is one of
the few regions in the world where Coca-Cola is not the number one soda drink,
Coca-Cola nonetheless holds almost 25% market share (to Pepsi's 75%) and had
double-digit growth in 2003.[108] Similarly, in Scotland, where the locally
produced Irn-Bru was once more popular, 2005 figures show that both Coca-Cola
and Diet Coke now outsell Irn-Bru.[109] In Peru, the native Inca Kola has been
more popular than Coca-Cola, which prompted Coca-Cola to enter in negotiations
with the soft drink's company and buy 50% of its stakes. In Japan, the best
selling soft drink is not cola, as (canned) tea and coffee are more
popular.[110] As such, the Coca-Cola Company's best selling brand there is not
Coca-Cola, but Georgia.[111] In May 2016, the Coca-Cola Company temporarily
halted production of its signature drink in Venezuela due to sugar
shortages.[112] Since then, the Coca-Cola Company has been using "minimum
inventories of raw material" to make their signature drinks at two production
plants in Venezuela.[113]
#### Information[edit]
On July 6, 2006, a Coca-Cola employee and two other people were arrested and
charged with trying to sell trade secret information to the soft drink maker's
competitor PepsiCo for $1.5 million. The recipe for Coca-Cola, perhaps the
company's most closely guarded secret, was never in jeopardy; instead, the
information was related to a new beverage in development. Coca-Cola executives
verified that the trade secret documents in question were genuine and
proprietary to the company. At least one glass vial containing a sample of a
new drink was offered for sale, court documents said. The conspiracy was
revealed by PepsiCo, which notified authorities when it was approached by the
conspirators.[114]
#### Green tea[edit]
The company announced a new "negative calorie" green tea drink, Enviga, in
2006, along with trying coffee retail concepts Far Coast and Chaqwa.
#### Glaceau[edit]
On May 25, 2007, Coca-Cola announced it would purchase Glaceau, a maker of
flavored vitamin-enhanced drinks (vitamin water), flavored waters, and Burn
energy drinks, for $4.1 billion in cash.[115]
#### Huiyuan Juice[edit]
On September 3, 2008, Coca-Cola announced its intention to make cash offers to
purchase China Huiyuan Juice Group Limited (which had a 42% share of the
Chinese pure fruit juice market[116]) for US$2.4bn (HK$12.20 per share).[117]
China's ministry of commerce blocked the deal on March 18, 2009, arguing that
the deal would hurt small local juice companies, could have pushed up juice
market prices, and limited consumers' choices.[118]
#### Coke Mini can[edit]
In October 2009, Coca-Cola revealed its new 90-calorie mini can that holds 7.5
fluid ounces.[119] The mini can is often sold in 8 packs. Despite costing
nearly 30 percent more per ounce, the mini cans have been met with positive
sales figures.[120]
#### Holiday can[edit]
In November 2011, Coca-Cola revealed a seasonal design for its regular Coke
cans as part of a partnership with the World Wildlife Fund. However, it was
withdrawn only a month after release due to consumer complaints about a
similar look to the silver cans commonly used for Diet Coke. There were also
complaints about deviating from traditional red as the color of Coca-Cola cans
previously.[121]
#### Stake in Monster Beverage[edit]
It was announced on August 14, 2014, that the Coca-Cola Company was making a
cash payment of $2.15 billion for a 16.7 percent stake in Monster Beverage
Corp to expand its market for energy drinks, with Coke to transfer ownership
in Full Throttle and Burn to Monster and Monster to transfer its ownership in
Hansen's Natural Sodas, Peace Iced Tea, and Blue Sky Soda to the Coca-Cola
Company. Muhtar Kent, Coke's former chief executive officer, stated that the
company has the option to increase its stake to 25 percent but could not
exceed that percentage in the next four years.[122][123]
#### Alcoholic beverages[edit]
In 2021, the Coca-Cola Co used its Mexican[124] sparkling mineral water brand
Topo Chico to launch a range of vegan friendly[125] alcoholic hard seltzers in
the United Kingdom and in the United States.[126][127][128]
## Front groups[edit]
As part of its corporate propaganda campaign to deflect public attention away
from the harmful health effects of its sugary drinks, the Coca-Cola Company
has funded front organizations. The company funded creation of the front
organization the Global Energy Balance Network (GEBN) to address the growing
evidence that the company's products are a leading cause of the epidemic of
childhood obesity in the United States and the growing number of Americans,
including children, with type 2 diabetes. GEBN designed its own studies to
arrive at conclusions set in advance and cherry picked data to support its
corporate public relations agenda. After an August 2015 investigative report
exposed the GEBN as a Coca-Cola Company front organization, GEBN was shut
down.[129]
Three years after the shutdown of GEBN, the company, together with several
other junk food giants, was revealed to be behind an initiative in China
called "Happy 10 Minutes," funded through a group called the International
Life Sciences Institute (ILSI). The aim of the initiative was to address
decades of research on diet-related diseases, such as Type 2 diabetes and
hypertension, by promoting physical exercise to the population but avoiding
discussion of the link between such diseases and junk foods, including sugary
drinks.[129][130] ILSI through the 1980s and 1990s had been promoting the
tobacco industry's agenda in Europe and the United States.[131]
## Sponsorship[edit]
Coca-Cola's advertising expenses accounted for US$3.256 billion in 2011.[132]
### Sports[edit]
Coca-Cola sponsored the English Football League from the beginning of the
2004–05 season (beginning August 2004) to the start of 2010–11 season, when
the Football League replaced it with NPower.[citation needed] Along with this,
Coca-Cola sponsored the Coca-Cola Football Camp, that took place in Pretoria,
South Africa during the 2010 FIFA World Cup.[citation needed]
Other major sponsorships include the AFL, NHRA, NASCAR, the PGA Tour, NCAA
Championships, the Olympic Games, the NRL, the FIFA World Cups, Premier League
and the UEFA European Championships.[citation needed] The company partnered
with Panini to produce the first virtual sticker album for the 2006 FIFA World
Cup, and they have collaborated for every World Cup since.[133] Each fall,
Coca-Cola is the sponsor of the TOUR Championship by Coca-Cola held at the
East Lake Golf Club in Atlanta, Georgia. The Tour Championship is the season
ending tournament of the PGA Tour.[citation needed] In the Philippines, it has
a team in the Philippine Basketball Association, the Powerade Tigers.[citation
needed]
In 2017, Major League Baseball signed a multi-year deal with Coca-Cola to be
the official soft drink, replacing Pepsi. Nineteen MLB teams (Los Angeles
Angels, Houston Astros, Toronto Blue Jays, Atlanta Braves, St. Louis
Cardinals, Los Angeles Dodgers, San Francisco Giants, Seattle Mariners,[134]
New York Mets, Washington Nationals, San Diego Padres, Philadelphia Phillies,
Pittsburgh Pirates, Texas Rangers, Tampa Bay Rays, Cincinnati Reds, Boston Red
Sox, Colorado Rockies and Chicago White Sox ) have Coca-Cola products sold in
their ballparks.
Since the season of 2019 is the title sponsor of the Uzbekistan Super League
in football, and this league is officially called Coca-Cola Uzbekistan Super
League. Coca-Cola has also sponsored the Overwatch league since season two.
They also sponsor all major Overwatch tournaments such as the world cup .[135]
In February 2020, Coca-Cola became the title sponsor for the eNASCAR iRacing
series.[136][137] In October 2018, Coca-Cola started sponsoring the Formula 1
team McLaren with several 1 year deals being signed since then.[138][139]
### Television[edit]
The company sponsored the popular Fox singing-competition series American Idol
from 2002 until 2014.[citation needed]
Coca-Cola was a sponsor of the nightly talk show on PBS, Charlie Rose in the
US.[140]
Coca-Cola is also an executive producer of Coke Studio (Pakistan). It was a
franchising that started in Brazil, broadcast by MTV Brasil and there are
various adaptations of Coke Studio such as Coke Studio (India), Coke Studio
Bangla and Coke Studio (Africa).[141]
### Theme parks[edit]
While not necessarily having naming rights to anything in all locations, the
company does sponsor and provide beverages in many theme parks, usually in an
exclusive capacity. This includes the Walt Disney Parks and Resorts,[a] Merlin
Entertainment, Universal Parks & Resorts, Six Flags, Cedar Fair, and SeaWorld
Entertainment which are six of the nine largest theme park operators worldwide
(it is unknown whether OCT Parks China, the Chimelong Group, or Fantawild, the
fourth, seventh, and eighth largest theme park operators respectively, use
Coca-Cola).[144]
The company also directly sponsors, with naming rights, the Coca-Cola London
Eye and formerly, the Coca-Cola Orlando Eye.[145][146]
The company also operates "Coca-Cola" visitor centers in Israel, Belgium and
Turkey.[147][148][149]
## See also[edit]
* List of assets owned by the Coca-Cola Company
* Stepan Company – produces coca leaf extract
## References[edit]
### Notes[edit]
1. ^ Shanghai Disney Resort uses Pepsi. It is the only Disney Parks location to serve Pepsi and not Coca-Cola.[142][143]
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123. ^ Gelles, David (August 14, 2014). "Coke to Buy Stake in Monster Beverage for $2.15 Billion". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 20, 2018. Retrieved August 15, 2014.
124. ^ "Topo Chico - Brands & Products". The Coca-Cola Company.
125. ^ "Coca Cola's First Alcoholic Drink - Topo Chico Hard Seltzer - Off To a "Promising Start"". May 3, 2021.
126. ^ "Age Verification | Topo Chico Hard Seltzer". www.topochicohardseltzerusa.com.
127. ^ Woolfson2020-10-27T11:40:00+00:00, Daniel. "Coca-Cola enters UK booze market with Topo Chico hard seltzer". The Grocer.
128. ^ "We Taste-Tested Topo Chico's 4 New Spiked Seltzers, So You Don't Have To". Southern Living.
129. ^ a b Clifford D. Conner, "The Tragedy of American Science, from Truman to Trump" (Chicago: Haymarket Books, 2020), pp. 14-16
130. ^ New York Times, January 9, 2019 "How Chummy Are Junk Food Giants and China’s Health Officials? They Share Offices"
131. ^ New York Times, September 16, 2019 "A Shadowy Industry Group Shapes Food Policy Around the World"
132. ^ 2011 Annual Report (PDF), archived from the original on February 15, 2013, retrieved January 4, 2013
133. ^ "12 Years Running: Panini's FIFA World Cup™ Digital Sticker Album is More Popular Than Ever". Coca Cola Company. Archived from the original on October 5, 2018. Retrieved October 5, 2018.
134. ^ "Coca-Cola joins T-Mobile Park lineup as Mariners "official fan refreshment"". MLB.com. Retrieved August 17, 2022.
135. ^ "Coca-Cola – титульный спонсор Суперлиги и Кубка Узбекистана" (in Russian). pfl.uz. Archived from the original on March 6, 2019. Retrieved March 7, 2019.
136. ^ "Coca-Cola named entitlement sponsor of iRacing Series | NASCAR". Official Site Of NASCAR. February 5, 2020.
137. ^ "Coca-Cola becomes title sponsor of NASCAR's esports race". Marketing Dive.
138. ^ "McLaren signs Coca-Cola sponsor deal for rest of 2018 F1 season". www.autosport.com.
139. ^ "McLaren Racing - McLaren Racing extends partnership with The Coca-Cola Company". www.mclaren.com.
140. ^ "About the program". Charlie Rose. Archived from the original on September 19, 2012. Retrieved July 29, 2012.
141. ^ "Inside the growth of Coca-Cola's music TV show in Africa". August 17, 2017.
142. ^ "PepsiCo Chairman & CEO Congratulates Disney on Grand Opening of the World-Class Shanghai Disney Resort". PepsiCo. Archived from the original on January 31, 2017. Retrieved January 31, 2017.
143. ^ Jourdan, Adam (February 27, 2017). "PepsiCo re-enters 'Magic Kingdom' with Shanghai Disney deal". Reuters. Archived from the original on January 31, 2017. Retrieved January 31, 2017.
144. ^ "TEA/AECOM 2015 Global Attractions Attendance Report" (PDF). Themed Entertainment Association. 2015. Archived (PDF) from the original on July 3, 2016. Retrieved May 25, 2016.
145. ^ "Orlando Eye is renamed the Coca-Cola Orlando Eye". July 28, 2016. Archived from the original on July 29, 2016. Retrieved July 28, 2016.
146. ^ Dineen, Caitlin. "Orlando Eye officially flies Coca-Cola banner". Orlando Sentinel. Archived from the original on July 29, 2016. Retrieved July 28, 2016.
147. ^ "Interview about the attractions park for Coca-Cola Turkey". café.themarker.com. Archived from the original on June 26, 2015. Retrieved July 6, 2015.
148. ^ "Coca-Cola Visitors Centre Turkey". mefik.co.il. Archived from the original on June 27, 2015. Retrieved July 6, 2015.
149. ^ "Coca Cola Visitors". Coca Cola Visitors (in Dutch). Archived from the original on December 15, 2017. Retrieved December 14, 2017.
## Further reading[edit]
* Butler, David; Tischler, Linda (February 10, 2015). Design to Grow: How Coca-Cola Learned to Combine Scale and Agility (and How You Can Too) (1st ed.). New York, NY: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-1-4516-7627-3.
* Garrett, Franklin Miller (1969). "The Eighteen-Eighties". Atlanta and Environs: A Chronicle of Its People and Events, 1880s-1930s (2nd ed.). Athens, Georgia.: University of Georgia Press. ISBN 978-0-8203-3128-7.
* Giebelhaus, August W. (May 13, 2008). "Coca-Cola Company". The New Georgia Encyclopedia. Georgia Humanities Council.
* "Robinson, William E.: Papers, 1935–69". Abilene, Kansas: Dwight D. Eisenhower Library.
* Zyman, Sergio (June 1, 1999). The End of Marketing as We Know It. New York: HarperBusiness. ISBN 0-88730-986-0.
## External links[edit]
* Media related to The Coca-Cola Company at Wikimedia Commons
* Official website Edit this at Wikidata
* The Coca-Cola Company companies grouped at OpenCorporates
* Business data for The Coca-Cola Co:
* Google
* SEC filings
* Yahoo!
Portals:
* Drink
* Companies
* flag United States
* v
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The Coca-Cola Company
List of
Coca-Cola
brands
Soft drinks
* A&W Root Beer (Canada only)
* Ambasa
* Ameyal
* Barq's
* Beat
* Beverly
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* Blue Sky
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Sports drinks
* Aquarius
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Monster Beverage
(17.9% stake)
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Purchased from Bisleri
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Coca-Cola logo
Joint ventures
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* Coca-Cola Europacific Partners (19.5%)
* Coca-Cola FEMSA (28%)
* Coca-Cola Hellenic (23.2%)
Former holdings
* Beverage Partners Worldwide
* Coca-Cola Amatil
* Coca-Cola Enterprises
* Columbia Pictures
* TriStar Pictures
Legal
* United States v. Forty Barrels and Twenty Kegs of Coca-Cola (1916)
* Escola v. Coca-Cola Bottling Co. (1944)
* Sinaltrainal v. Coca-Cola (2001)
* POM Wonderful v. Coca-Cola (2014)
Marketing campaigns
* Ashita Ga Arusa
* List of Coca-Cola slogans
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Other
* Coca-Cola buildings and structures
* Criticism of Coca-Cola
* Cocacolonization
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* Limca Book of Records
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* v
* t
* e
Varieties of Coca-Cola
Regular
* Coca-Cola (traditional)
* Caffeine-Free
* Black Cherry Vanilla
* Blak
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* Citra
* Lemon
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* Mexican
* New Coke
* Orange
* Raspberry
* Starlight
* Vanilla
* White (USSR)
Coca-Cola logo.svg
Low-calorie
* C2
* Clear
* Diet Coke/Coca-Cola Light
* Diet Plus
* Fiber+
* Life
* Light Sango
* Zero Sugar
Other brands
* Tab
* v
* t
* e
Coca-Cola buildings and structures
Bottling plants
* Atlanta
* Baltimore
* Charlottesville, Virginia
* Cincinnati
* Columbia, Missouri
* Elmira, New York
* Fort Lauderdale
* Los Angeles
* Ocala, Florida
* Placerville, California
* Trenton, Florida
* Winchester, Virginia
Sports arenas
* Coca-Cola Coliseum
* Coca-Cola Park
* Minute Maid Park
Billboard signs
* Kings Cross, Sydney
* Times Square, New York
Office buildings
* Candler Building (Atlanta)
* Candler Building (Kansas City)
* Candler Building (New York City)
Other venues
* Coca Cola Airport
* Coca-Cola Dome
* Coca-Cola Museum
* Coca-Cola Olympic City
* Club Cool (under reconstruction)
* World of Coca-Cola
* v
* t
* e
Components of the Dow Jones Industrial Average
* 3M
* American Express
* Amgen
* Apple
* Boeing
* Caterpillar
* Chevron
* Cisco
* Coca-Cola
* Disney
* Dow
* Goldman Sachs
* Home Depot
* Honeywell
* IBM
* Intel
* Johnson & Johnson
* JPMorgan Chase
* McDonald's
* Merck
* Microsoft
* Nike
* Procter & Gamble
* Salesforce
* Travelers
* UnitedHealth
* Verizon
* Visa
* Walgreens Boots Alliance
* Walmart
* v
* t
* e
Atlanta companies
* Aaron's, Inc.
* AGCO (Duluth)
* American Megatrends (Gwinnett County)
* Arby's (Sandy Springs)
* AT&T Mobility
* Atlanta Bread Company (Smyrna)
* Atlanta Gas Light
* BellSouth
* Chick-fil-A (College Park)
* Church's Chicken (Sandy Springs)
* Coca-Cola
* Cox Enterprises
* Delta Air Lines
* Equifax
* Georgia Natural Gas
* Georgia-Pacific
* Georgia Power
* Holiday Inn
* Holiday Inn Express
* The Home Depot (Cobb County)
* Hooters
* Intercontinental Exchange
* Krystal
* Kool Smiles (Marietta)
* Mailchimp
* Merial (Duluth)
* Moe's Southwest Grill
* NCR Corporation
* Papa John's
* RaceTrac
* Rheem
* Scientific Atlanta (Lawrenceville)
* Shane's Rib Shack
* Simmons Bedding Company
* Southern Company
* SunTrust Banks
* Turner Broadcasting System
* United Parcel Service (Sandy Springs)
* The Varsity
* Waffle House (Gwinnett County)
* The Weather Channel (Cobb County)
* Zaxby's (Athens)
* v
* t
* e
Soft drinks
Brands
* List of brand name soft drink products
* List of soft drink flavors
* List of soft drinks by country
Types
* Cola
* Cherry cola
* Cream soda
* Diet
* Frozen carbonated drink
* Ginger ale
* Ginger beer
* Grape
* Ice cream float
* Lemon-lime drink
* Orange
* Root beer
Health
* Sugary drink tax
* Fat tax
* Caffeine
Companies
* The Coca-Cola Company
* Dr Pepper Snapple Group
* National Beverage
* PepsiCo
Misc.
* Cola wars
* Craft soda
* List of soft drink producers
Drink portal Category: Soft drinks
Authority control Edit this at Wikidata
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* label
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* 1
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* 2
* 3
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* 1
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* 1
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Coca-
Cola_Company&oldid=1135601764"
Categories:
* Coca-Cola
* 1892 establishments in Georgia (U.S. state)
* 1910s initial public offerings
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* This page was last edited on 25 January 2023, at 18:14 (UTC).
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*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
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*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
*[11:24 ngày 21/2/23]:
*[18:45 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[14:42 ngày 18/2/23]:
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*[Ref.]: References
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*[(DK)]: Denmark
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*[(AU)]: Australia
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*[(CA)]: Canada
*[(MU)]: Mauritius
*[(BB)]: Barbados
*[(KR)]: South Korea
*[(PK)]: Pakistan
*[(MR)]: Mauritania
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10:521.064 lượt xem
2. #### Trên tay Boox Tab X: tablet màn hình E Ink cấu hình rất mạnh
6:173.814 lượt xem
3. #### Chiến Genshin Impact max độ họa với Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra
10:313.469 lượt xem
4. #### Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra và những thay đổi “nhỏ”!
12:39.461 lượt xem
5. #### Trên tay máy rửa chén Dann SDS66PRO08B
7:531.916 lượt xem
6. #### Đi nhận Galaxy S23 Ultra tại Di Động Việt, vui và nhiều quà tặng, ưu đãi cho anh em
4:244.825 lượt xem
7. #### Galaxy S23 Ultra vẫn là đỉnh trong thế giới Android dạng thanh
7:5323.075 lượt xem
8. #### Trên tay Acer Predator Helios 16 với giá trên 100 triệu
16:54.495 lượt xem
9. #### Trên tay Xiaomi 12T Pro Daniel Arsham
6:542.928 lượt xem
Xem thêm trên Youtube
1. #### Vì đâu chatbot AI của Bing lại nhiều lần "mất trí" như vậy?
Cuộc đua biến đổi trải nghiệm tìm kiếm trực tuyến của người dùng đã bắt đầu.
Microsoft vừa ghi điểm giúp họ dẫn trước Google. Nhưng cùng lúc, có lẽ
Microsoft cũng đã tự ghi một bàn phản lưới nhà, khi Sydney, tên mã chatbot
tích hợp trong Bing…
P.WP.W
2. #### Trên tay nhiều dây đồng hồ của UAG cho Apple watch và Apple Watch Ultra
Ngôn ngữ thiết kế mạnh mẽ, hầm hố là đặc trưng khiến các sản phẩm UAG nổi bật
và tách biệt so với các hãng làm phụ kiện cho đồ Apple. UAG không chỉ làm ốp
cho iPhone, ốp cho iPad, họ còn làm case cho Airpods và dây đồng hồ Apple
Watch nữa.
Nam AirNam Air
3. #### AMD Zen 4 “Dragon Range” so sánh hiệu năng với Intel Raptor Lake di động
Những mẫu laptop trang bị vi xử lý “Dragon Range” mới sẽ góp mặt trên thị
trường ngay trong tháng 2/2023, và mới đây, AMD chính thức cung cấp tài liệu
về Ryzen 7045 Series dựa trên nền tảng kiến trúc Zen 4.
mig0mig0
4. #### Những hình ảnh mới nhất của dòng loa Sonos Era sắp ra mắt vào cuối tháng 3 năm nay
Sonos Era 100 và Era 300 là 2 chiếc loa mới nhất sẽ chính thức được lên kệ vào
cuối tháng 3 sắp tới. Sản phẩm hỗ trợ kết nối Bluetooth, WiFi và USB-C line-in
tương thích với nhiều dòng thiết bị âm thanh đa dạng.
AudioPsychoAudioPsycho
audio.tinhte.vnAudio Tinh tế
5. 6. Xe Tinhte
xe.tinhte.vn
* Ford sẽ sản xuất pin LFP để xe điện của họ rẻ hơn và sạc nhanh hơn
* Dubai tái khởi động chương trình taxi bay, dự kiến cất cánh năm 2026
* Sau áo túi khí, cuối cùng đã có quần túi khí cho người chạy motor, giá 500 USD
* Hé lộ phần cứng Tesla FSD 4.0: mạnh gấp 4 lần phần cứng 3.0, ra mắt ngày 1/3
Xem tất cả
Audio Tinhte
xe.tinhte.vn
* Sony ra mắt bộ đôi tai nghe WH-CH720N và WH-CH520: có chống ồn ANC, trang bị chipset V1, giá $150
* Music Library Tracker: app giúp theo dõi các album và single mới, tìm kiếm nhạc có spatial audio
* Những hình ảnh mới nhất của dòng loa Sonos Era sắp ra mắt vào cuối tháng 3 năm nay
* Huawei Watch Buds bản quốc tế: smartwatch kèm tai nghe true wireless, có cả chống ồn ANC, $549
Xem tất cả
7.
8. #### Snapdragon 8 Gen 3 sẽ có thiết lập 1 + 5 + 2, được công bố sớm hơn thường lệ?
Leaker Digital Chat Station (DCS) mới đây đã tiết lộ trên weibo những thông
tin về chipset cao cấp kế tiếp của Qualcomm. Anh này cho biết Snapdragon 8 Gen
3 sẽ có tên mã là “Lanai”, số hiệu “SM8650” và có cách thiếp lập các nhân CPU
theo cấu trúc 1…
vn_ninjavn_ninja
9. #### Trên tay Boox Tab X: tablet E Ink cấu hình mạnh
Mình đã từng trên tay Kobo Elipsa rồi Kindle Scribe đều là những thiết bị màn
hình E Ink có ghi chú nhưng chưa chiếc nào lại to như Tab X ngày hôm nay. Đây
là thế hệ thứ hai của dòng tablet với màn hình lên tới 13"3…
DiduDidu
10. #### Lại nói về camera 1” trên smartphone: Xiaomi, Vivo ngon, Sony, Leica bỏ
Tăng kích thước cảm biến để mang lại chất lượng ảnh tốt hơn là điều rất cơ bản
và có thể áp dụng không chỉ ở máy ảnh lớn mà cả smartphone. Trong cơn cạnh
tranh gắt gao ở thị trường điện thoại quá trời tiền thì các hãng đã làm điều
tưởng chừng không…
cuhiepcuhiep
11. #### Nhìn lại những giải pháp di chuyển 'xanh' từ VinFast: từ xe máy đến xe ô tô điện
VinFast là thương hiệu được nhắc đến trong nhiều chủ đề tại Tinh tế hay các
nền tảng mạng xã hội. Có thể thấy, VinFast đang là một nhà sản xuất tạo ra
những giải pháp di chuyển xanh, thân thiện với môi trường.
Trung DtTrung Dt
xe.tinhte.vnXe Tinh tế
12. #### Phải nhờ máy tính tìm ra điểm yếu, con người mới đánh bại được AI cờ vây AlphaGo
Năm 2016, trí thông minh nhân tạo AlphaGo do Google DeepMind phát triển đã
đánh bại kiện tướng cờ vây Lee Sedol, thua với tỷ số 1-4. Trong mắt các chuyên
gia cờ vây, trận đấu năm 2016 đã tạo ra những khoảnh khắc đáng kinh ngạc.
P.WP.W
13. #### Nếu thương vụ thành công, Microsoft sẽ đưa Call of Duty lên máy game Nintendo trong 10 năm
Vẫn là một trong những chiến lược làm an lòng các nhà quản lý, khiến họ quên
đi nguy cơ độc quyền ngành game nếu thương vụ mua lại Activision hoàn tất,
Microsoft và Nintendo vừa ký thỏa thuận đem Call of Duty lên các nền tảng máy
game của Nintendo…
P.WP.W
14. #### Trên tay MSI Pro DP10 13M: PC nhỏ gọn với nền tảng Intel Raptor Lake P, Wi-Fi 6E và Thunderbolt 4
MSI Pro DP10 13M là một dòng máy tính để bàn nhỏ gọn (mini PC) dành cho người
dùng cấp doanh nghiệp và điểm đáng chú ý của chiếc máy này là nó được trang bị
nền tảng Intel Raptor Lake P mới nhất và cũng là chiếc máy tính sở hữu Core
i7-1360P đầu…
PnghuyPnghuy
15. #### [QC] Camera hành trình 70mai Omni X200 Giám Sát Từ Xa Siêu Hot 2023
70mai Việt Nam ra mắt “siêu phẩm” camera hành trình ô tô 70mai Omni X200 tại
Việt Nam, mang đến một làn gió mới trong phong cách thiết kế cũng như đột phá
tiên phong công nghệ. Đây là mẫu camera hành trình đầu tiên trên thế giới có
chế độ xoay360…
TTKMTTKM
16. #### Tin đồn: Màn phụ máy Galaxy Z Flip5 sẽ lớn hơn nhiều, hữu ích hơn
Vài tháng trước Ross Young, nhà phân tích thị trường màn hình thiết bị công
nghệ đã đưa ra thông tin rằng màn hình phụ mặt ngoài chiếc máy Galaxy Z Flip5
sẽ có kích thước lớn hơn, vừa hiển thị được nhiều thông tin…
P.WP.W
...đang tải ...
Tinhte creator
### Cộng đồng
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On The Road
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Xem tất cả (82)
#Tag đang HOT
icon
#ios
#macos
Thủ thuật Tinh tế
Cách tạo nút bật tắt nhanh chế độ tiết kiệm pin trên macOS
Cách tạo nút bật tắt nhanh chế độ tiết kiệm pin trên macOS
Microsoft Edge đã có tính năng mở 2 tab song song trong 1 cửa sổ, mời anh em
dùng thử
Microsoft Edge đã có tính năng mở 2 tab song song trong 1 cửa sổ, mời anh em
dùng thử
Windows 11 sắp cho phép “kill process” của app ngay từ Taskbar?
Windows 11 sắp cho phép “kill process” của app ngay từ Taskbar?
One UI 5.1 có tính năng tách chủ thể khỏi nền giống như iOS 16, chỉ hoạt động
trên Galaxy S23?
One UI 5.1 có tính năng tách chủ thể khỏi nền giống như iOS 16, chỉ hoạt động
trên Galaxy S23?
Windows 11 sẽ cho phép tuỳ chỉnh màu RGB cho phụ kiện trực tiếp trong
Settings?
Windows 11 sẽ cho phép tuỳ chỉnh màu RGB cho phụ kiện trực tiếp trong
Settings?
Hướng dẫn cài Android 14 Developer Preview 1 cho điện thoại Pixel
Hướng dẫn cài Android 14 Developer Preview 1 cho điện thoại Pixel
Dùng thử Edge mới: giao diện bo tròn, tích hợp AI vào Bing nhưng hiện chưa
dùng được
Dùng thử Edge mới: giao diện bo tròn, tích hợp AI vào Bing nhưng hiện chưa
dùng được
Mỗi lần xài Android là gặp mấy cái câu hỏi ngu người này. Có cái file dpf là
chuẩn quốc tế mà...
Mỗi lần xài Android là gặp mấy cái câu hỏi ngu người này. Có cái file dpf là
chuẩn quốc tế mà...
Hướng dẫn đăng ký trải nghiệm Bing mới của Microsoft
Hướng dẫn đăng ký trải nghiệm Bing mới của Microsoft
Dùng Account Center để đổi ảnh đại diện Instagram nhưng trên Facebook vẫn giữ
nguyên
Dùng Account Center để đổi ảnh đại diện Instagram nhưng trên Facebook vẫn giữ
nguyên
Xem tất cả
1. Tin mới
2. Sản phẩm công nghệ mới
3. Khuyến mãi
4. Sự kiện
5. Video
1. ### Tinh tế
1. Nội quy diễn đàn
2. Thỏa thuận sử dụng dịch vụ
3. Góp ý
4. Hỗ trợ, hướng dẫn
5. Liên hệ quảng cáo
6. Tinh tế RSS
2. ### Cộng đồng
1. Điện thoại
2. Máy tính
3. Camera
4. Xe
5. Khoa học công nghệ
3. ### Nhật Tảo
1. Mua bán điện thoại
2. Mua bán máy tính
3. Mua bán máy tính bảng
4. Mua bán camera
5. Mua bán đồng hồ thông minh
6. Mua bán xe
7. Mua bán điện máy
8. Mua bán sim, sim 3G
4. ### Liên kết
1. Cà phê Tinh tế
2. Khắc tên
3. ChiMua.vn
4. 1Tudien
5. NhacCuaTui
6. 5Giay
7. Webtretho
8. Biker Vietnam
5. ### Theo dõi chúng tôi
1. Facebook
2. Youtube
3. Flickr
4. Twitter
5. Google+
* Chịu trách nhiệm nội dung: Trần Mạnh Hiệp
* © 2023 Công ty Cổ phần MXH Tinh Tế
* Địa chỉ: Số 70 Bà Huyện Thanh Quan, P. Võ Thị Sáu, Quận 3, TPHCM
* Số điện thoại: 02862713156
* MST: 0313255119
* Giấy phép thiết lập MXH số 11/GP-BTTTT, Ký ngày: 08/01/2019
*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
|
spiderum_text/2630 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
google_logo Play
Michezo
Programu
Filamu na Vipindi vya TV
Vitabu
Watoto
none
search
help_outline
* Ingia ukitumia akaunti ya Google
* * play_appsMaktaba na vifaa
* paymentMalipo na usajili
* reviewsShughuli Zangu za Google Play
* redeemOfa
* * settingsMipangilio
* Sera ya Faragha • Sheria na Masharti
Michezo
Programu
Filamu na Vipindi vya TV
Vitabu
Watoto
Picha ya aikoni
Picha ya aikoni
# Kithibitishaji cha Google
Google LLC
3.6star
Maoni elfu 434
100M+
Kupakuliwa
Daraja la maudhui
Kila mtu
info
Sakinisha
Weka kwenye orodha ya matamanio
Picha ya skrini
Picha ya skrini
Picha ya skrini
Picha ya skrini
Picha ya skrini
Picha ya skrini
Picha ya skrini
Picha ya skrini
Picha ya skrini
Picha ya skrini
Picha ya skrini
Picha ya skrini
Picha ya skrini
Picha ya skrini
Picha ya skrini
Picha ya skrini
Picha ya skrini
Picha ya skrini
## Kuhusu programu hii
arrow_forward
Kithibitishaji cha Google huzalisha nambari za Uthibitishaji wa Hatua Mbili
kwenye simu yako.
Kipengele cha Uthibitishaji wa Hatua Mbili huweka usalama thabiti kwenye
Akaunti yako ya Google kwa kutekeleza hatua ya pili ya uthibitishaji
unapoingia katika akaunti. Mbali na nenosiri lako, utahitaji pia nambari
iliyozalishwa na programu ya Kithibitishaji cha Google kwenye simu yako.
Pata maelezo zaidi kuhusu Uthibitishaji wa Hatua Mbili: https://g.co/2step
Vipengele:
* Kuzalisha nambari za kuthibitisha bila muunganisho wa data
* Kithibitishaji cha Google hufanya kazi katika mitandao ya watoa huduma na akaunti nyingi
* Mandhari meusi yanapatikana
* Uwekaji mipangilio kiotomatiki kupitia msimbo wa QR
* Uhamishaji wa akaunti kutoka kifaa kimoja hadi kingine kupitia msimbo wa QR
Ilani ya ruhusa:
Kamera: Inahitajika ili kuweka akaunti kupitia misimbo ya QR
Ilisasishwa tarehe
14 Jul 2022
Zana
## Usalama wa data
arrow_forward
Usalama huanza kwa kuelewa jinsi wasanidi programu wanavyokusanya na kushiriki
data yako. Faragha ya data na mbinu za usalama zinaweza kutofautiana kulingana
na matumizi yako, eneo ulilopo na umri wako. Msanidi programu ametoa maelezo
haya na anaweza kuyasasisha kadiri muda unavyopita.
Picha ya aikoni
Hakuna data inayoshirikiwa na wengine
Pata maelezo zaidi kuhusu jinsi wasanidi programu wanavyobainisha kushiriki
data
Picha ya aikoni
Programu hii huenda ikakusanya aina hizi za data
Shughuli za programu, Utendaji na maelezo ya programu na Kifaa au vitambulisho
vingine
Picha ya aikoni
Data inasimbwa kwa njia fiche inapotumwa
Picha ya aikoni
Data haiwezi kufutwa
Angalia maelezo
## Ukadiriaji na maoni
Ukadiriaji na maoni yamethibitishwainfo_outline
arrow_forward
Ukadiriaji na maoni yamethibitishwainfo_outline
3.6
Maoni elfu 434
5
4
3
2
1
Mtu anayetumia Google
more_vert
* Ripoti kuwa hayafai
* Onyesha historia ya maoni
10 Oktoba 2018
I worked with Google authentication in my iPhone 6 i did not experience any
violation of my rights.
Watu 5 walinufaika kutokana na maoni haya
Je, maoni haya yamekufaa?
Ndiyo
Hapana
Peter mohamed (Im)
more_vert
* Ripoti kuwa hayafai
8 Februari 2022
The best
Watu 2 walinufaika kutokana na maoni haya
Je, maoni haya yamekufaa?
Ndiyo
Hapana
Tazama maoni yote
## Mapya
* Tumeweka usimbaji fiche wa kifaa katika hifadhi ya thamani za siri.
flagRipoti kuwa haifai
## Wasiliana na msanidi programu
expand_more
language
Tovuti
https://support.google.com/accounts/bin/answer.py?hl=en&answer=1066447
email
Barua pepe
[email protected]
place
Anwani
1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View 94043
verified_user
Sera ya faragha
http://www.google.com/policies/privacy
## Programu zinazolingana
arrow_forward
Picha ya kijipicha
Twilio Authy Authenticator
Authy
4.4star
Picha ya kijipicha
Microsoft Authenticator
Microsoft Corporation
4.7star
Picha ya kijipicha
2FA Authenticator (2FAS)
2FAS
4.6star
Picha ya kijipicha
Duo Mobile
Duo Security LLC
3.1star
Picha ya kijipicha
TOTP Authenticator – 2FA with
BinaryBoot
4.0star
Picha ya kijipicha
Keeper Password Manager
Keeper Security, Inc.
4.6star
## Zaidi kutoka kwa Google LLC
arrow_forward
Picha ya kijipicha
YouTube TV: Live TV & more
Google LLC
4.2star
Picha ya kijipicha
YouTube TV: Live TV & more
Google LLC
2.4star
Picha ya kijipicha
Google Chat
Google LLC
4.1star
Picha ya kijipicha
Google Tafsiri
Google LLC
4.3star
Picha ya kijipicha
YouTube Kids
Google LLC
4.3star
Picha ya kijipicha
Google Wallet
Google LLC
4.1star
flagRipoti kuwa haifai
Google Play
Play Pass
Play Points
Kadi za zawadi
Tumia
Sera ya kurejeshewa fedha
Watoto na familia
Mwongozo wa Wazazi
Kushiriki na familia
Sheria na Masharti
Faragha
Kuhusu Google Play
Wasanidi
Google Store
Marekani (Kiswahili)
*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
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*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
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spiderum_text/2197 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa | Error 404 (Not Found)!!1
404. That’s an error.
The requested URL was not found on this server. That’s all we know.
*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
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*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
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spiderum_text/3070 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
Google Cloud
* Übersicht
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* Beschleunigen Sie Ihre digitale Transformation
* Ganz gleich, ob Ihr Unternehmen erst am Anfang seines Wegs der digitalen Transformation steht oder schon einiges erreicht hat – Google Cloud unterstützt Sie dabei, Ihre größten Herausforderungen zu bewältigen.
* Weitere Informationen
* Hauptvorteile
* Vorteile von Google Cloud
Die wichtigsten Gründe, warum Unternehmen sich für Google Cloud entscheiden
* Multi-Cloud
Anwendungen überall ausführen
* Vertrauen und Sicherheit
Daten sicher und rechtskonform aufbewahren
* Globale Infrastruktur
Mit der Infrastruktur von Google entwickeln
* Daten-Cloud
Mit einheitlichen Daten fundiertere Entscheidungen treffen
* Offene Cloud
Mit offener, flexibler Technologie skalieren
* Nachhaltigkeit
Die nachhaltigste Cloud der Branche als Grundlage
* Produktivität und Zusammenarbeit
Teams mit KI-gestützten Anwendungen verbinden
Lösungen
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* Branchenlösungen
Kosten senken, operative Agilität steigern und neue Marktchancen nutzen
* Einzelhandel
Tools für Analyse und Zusammenarbeit für die Wertschöpfungskette im
Einzelhandel
* Verbrauchsgüter
Lösungen für die digitale Transformation und die Steigerung der
Markenbekanntheit von Verbrauchsgütern
* Finanzdienstleistungen
Verlassen Sie sich auf Computing-, Datenverwaltungs- und Analysetools für
Finanzdienstleistungen.
* Gesundheitswesen und Biowissenschaften
Forschung im großen Maßstab fördern und Innovationen im Gesundheitswesen
voranbringen
* Medien und Unterhaltung
Lösungen für Content-Erstellung und -Verteilung
* Telekommunikation
Hybrid- und Multi-Cloud-Dienste zur Bereitstellung und Monetarisierung von 5G
* Gaming
KI-basierte Lösungen zum schnelleren Erstellen und Skalieren von Spielen
* Fertigung
Migrations- und KI-Tools zur Optimierung der Wertschöpfungskette in der
Fertigung
* Lieferkette und Logistik
In der Cloud erstellte digitale Lieferkettenlösungen
* Behörden
Datenspeicherung, KI und Analyselösungen für Behörden
* Bildungseinrichtungen
Pädagogische Tools für ein ansprechenderes Lernerlebnis
* Das Gesuchte war nicht dabei?
* Alle Branchenlösungen ansehen
* Das Gesuchte war nicht dabei?
* Alle Lösungen ansehen
* Anwendungsmodernisierung
Bewerten, planen, implementieren und messen Sie Softwarepraktiken und
-funktionen, um die Anwendungsportfolios Ihres Unternehmens zu modernisieren
und zu vereinfachen.
* CAMP
Programm, das DORA zur Verbesserung Ihrer Möglichkeiten zur
Softwarebereitstellung verwendet
* Herkömmliche Anwendungen modernisieren
Analysieren, kategorisieren und beginnen Sie mit der Cloud-Migration
herkömmlicher Arbeitslasten.
* Von PaaS: migrieren; Cloud Foundry, Openshift
Tools zum Verschieben von Containern in die verwalteten Containerdienste von
Google
* Vom Mainframe migrieren
Automatisierte Tools und präskriptive Anleitungen zum Verschieben Ihrer
Mainframe-Apps in die Cloud
* Softwarebereitstellung modernisieren
Best Practices für die Softwarelieferkette – Produktivität der internen
Schleife, CI/CD und S3C.
* Best Practices für DevOps
Prozesse und Ressourcen für die Implementierung von DevOps in Ihrer
Organisation
* SRE-Prinzipien
Tools und Ressourcen zur Einführung von SRE in Ihrer Organisation
* Tag 2: Operations for GKE
Tools und Anleitungen für effektive GKE-Verwaltung und -Monitoring
* FinOps und Optimierung von GKE
Best Practices zum Ausführen zuverlässiger, leistungsfähiger und
kosteneffizienter Anwendungen in GKE.
* Anwendungen auf Edge-Geräten ausführen
Anleitung für lokalisierte Anwendungen mit niedriger Latenz auf der
hardwareunabhängigen Edge-Lösung von Google.
* Architektur für Multi-Cloud
Arbeitslasten in mehreren Clouds mit einer konsistenten Plattform verwalten.
* Serverlos arbeiten
Vollständig verwaltete Umgebung zum Entwickeln, Bereitstellen und Skalieren
von Anwendungen
* Künstliche Intelligenz
Bessere Informationsgewinnung und höhere Effizienz im Unternehmen durch KI und
Machine Learning
* Contact Center AI
KI-Modell für Kundengespräche und Unterstützung von Kundenservicemitarbeitern
* Document AI
Dokumentverarbeitung und Datenerfassung im großen Maßstab automatisiert
* Produkte entdecken
Suche und Produktempfehlungen für Einzelhändler in Google-Qualität
* APIs und Anwendungen
Innovationen ohne Coding mit APIs, Anwendungen und Automatisierung
beschleunigen
* Neue Geschäftskanäle mit APIs
Ein Netzwerk von Entwicklern und Partnern erschließen und stärken
* Legacy-Anwendungen mit APIs nutzen
Cloud-Dienste zur Erweiterung und Modernisierung von Legacy-Anwendungen
* Open Banking APIx
Sichere Bereitstellung von Open-Banking-konformen APIs vereinfachen und
beschleunigen
* Datenbanken
Unternehmensdaten mithilfe von vollständig verwalteten Diensten sicher,
zuverlässig und mit Hochverfügbarkeit migrieren und verwalten
* Datenbankmigration
Leitfäden und Tools zur Vereinfachung des Lebenszyklus Ihrer
Datenbankmigration
* Datenbankmodernisierung
Upgrades zum Modernisieren Ihrer operativen Datenbankinfrastruktur
* Google Cloud-Datenbanken
Datenbankdienste zum Migrieren, Verwalten und Modernisieren von Daten
* Oracle-Arbeitslasten zu Google Cloud migrieren
Oracle-Arbeitslasten auf andere Hosts verschieben, auf andere Plattformen
umstellen und neu programmieren
* Open-Source-Datenbanken
Vollständig verwaltete Open-Source-Datenbanken mit Unterstützung der
Enterprise-Klasse
* SQL Server in Google Cloud
Optionen zum Ausführen von virtuellen SQL Server-Maschinen in Google Cloud
* Daten-Cloud
Daten in Ihrem Unternehmen mit einem offenen und einfachen Ansatz für die
datengestützte Transformation vereinheitlichen, der in Sachen Geschwindigkeit,
Skalierbarkeit und Sicherheit dank integrierter KI unübertroffen ist
* Datenbanklösungen
Unternehmensdaten mithilfe von vollständig verwalteten Diensten sicher,
zuverlässig und mit Hochverfügbarkeit migrieren und verwalten
* Lösungen für intelligente Analysen
Sofortige Informationsgewinnung aus Daten jeder Größenordnung mit einer
serverlosen, vollständig verwalteten Plattform, die Analysen erheblich
vereinfacht
* KI-Lösungen
Bessere Informationsgewinnung und höhere Effizienz im Unternehmen durch KI und
Machine Learning
* Daten-Cloud für ISVs
SaaS-Anwendungen mit den Daten- und ML-Lösungen von Google wie BigQuery,
Looker, Spanner und Vertex AI entwickeln, optimieren und erweitern
* Data Cloud Alliance
Eine Initiative, die globalen Unternehmen den nahtlosen Zugriff auf für die
digitale Transformation erforderliche Daten ermöglicht
* Digitale Transformation
* Schnellere Erholung von Unternehmen und eine bessere Zukunft mit Lösungen für Hybrid- und Multi-Cloud-Betrieb, intelligente Analysen und die Kommunikation von Mitarbeitern
* Digitale Innovation
Vorgänge neu definieren und neue Möglichkeiten erschließen
* Operative Effizienz
Investitionen priorisieren und Kosten optimieren
* Lösungen für die Coronakrise
Sicher und geschützt arbeiten
* Lösungen für das Gesundheitswesen während der Coronakrise
So hilft Google im Gesundheitswesen, außergewöhnliche Herausforderungen zu
meistern
* Modernisierung der Infrastruktur
Schnelle Migration mit Lösungen für SAP, VMs, Windows, Oracle und andere
Arbeitslasten
* Anwendungsmigration
Discovery- und Analysetools für den Wechsel in die Cloud
* SAP in Google Cloud
Zertifizierungen für das Ausführen von SAP-Anwendungen und SAP HANA
* Hochleistungs-Computing
Computing-, Speicher- und Netzwerkoptionen für jede Arbeitslast
* Windows in Google Cloud
Tools und Partner zum Ausführen von Windows-Arbeitslasten
* Rechenzentrumsmigration
Migrationslösungen für VMs, Anwendungen, Datenbanken und mehr
* Active Assist
Automatische Optimierung der Cloud-Ressourcen und erhöhte Sicherheit
* Virtuelle Desktops
Lösungen für die Remote-Arbeit für Desktops und Anwendungen (VDI und DaaS)
* Rapid Assessment & Migration Program (RAMP)
End-to-End-Migrationsprogramm, um den Weg in die Cloud zu vereinfachen
* Back-up und Notfallwiederherstellung
Anforderungen an die Geschäftskontinuität erfüllen
* Produktivität und Zusammenarbeit
Teams mit maßgeschneiderten, effektiven Lösungen eine völlig neue Arbeitsweise
ermöglichen
* Google Workspace
Tools für die Zusammenarbeit und Produktivität für Unternehmen
* Google Workspace Essentials
Sichere Videokonferenzen und moderne Zusammenarbeit für Teams
* Cloud Identity
Zentrale Plattform für IT-Administratoren zur Verwaltung von Nutzergeräten und
Anwendungen
* Chrome Enterprise
Chrome OS, Chrome Browser und Chrome-Geräte für Unternehmen
* Cloud Search
Unternehmenssuche für Mitarbeiter zum schnellen Finden von
Unternehmensinformationen
* Sicherheit
Onlinebedrohungen erkennen, untersuchen und darauf reagieren, um die
Sicherheit Ihres Unternehmens zu erhöhen
* Sicherheitsanalytik
Lösung zur Analyse von Sicherheitstelemetriedaten im Petabytebereich
* Webanwendungs- und API-Schutz
Schutz vor Bedrohungen und Betrug für Ihre Webanwendungen und APIs
* Framework für mehr Sicherheit und Robustheit
Lösungen, die in jeder Phase die Sicherheit und Robustheit erhöhen
* Risiko und Compliance als Code (RCaC)
Lösung zur Modernisierung Ihrer Governance-, Risiko- und Compliancefunktion
durch Automatisierung
* Sicherheit der Softwarelieferkette
Lösung zur Verbesserung der Sicherheit der End-to-End-Softwarelieferkette
* Intelligente Analysen
Sofortige Informationsgewinnung aus Daten jeder Größenordnung mit einer
serverlosen, vollständig verwalteten Plattform, die Analysen erheblich
vereinfacht
* Data Warehouse-Modernisierung
Mit einem Data Warehouse Ihre Migration beschleunigen und Erkenntnisse
gewinnen
* Data Lake-Modernisierung
Dienste zum Erstellen und Modernisieren von Data Lakes
* Spark in Google Cloud
Spark an jedem gewünschten Ort serverlos und eingebunden ausführen und
schreiben
* Streamanalyse
Erkenntnisse aus der Aufnahme, Verarbeitung und Analyse von Ereignisstreams
* Business Intelligence
Lösungen zum Modernisieren Ihres BI-Stacks und zum Erstellen von umfassenden
Datenumgebungen
* Data Science
Daten mit Data Science in Google Cloud geschickt einsetzen
* Marketinganalysen
Lösungen zum Erfassen, Analysieren und Aktivieren von Kundendaten
* Raumbezogene Analysen und KI
Lösungen für den Aufbau eines erfolgreicheren und nachhaltigeren Unternehmens
* Datasets
Daten von Google sowie öffentlichen und kommerziellen Anbietern zur
Unterstützung Ihrer Analyse- und KI-Projekte
* Start-ups und KMU
Beschleunigtes Wachstum für Start-ups und KMU mit maßgeschneiderten Lösungen
und Programmen
* Start-up-Lösungen
Ihrem Start-up zu Wachstum verhelfen und komplexe Herausforderungen mit der
bewährten Technologie von Google bewältigen
* Start-up-Programm
Ihr Start-up mit finanziellem, geschäftlichem und technischem Support auf das
nächste Level bringen
* Kleine und mittelständische Unternehmen
Lösungen für Webhosting, App-Entwicklung, KI und Analysen
* Software as a Service (SaaS)
Bessere SaaS-Produkte erstellen, effizient skalieren und Ihr Unternehmen
voranbringen
Produkte
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* Empfohlene Produkte
* Compute Engine
Virtuelle Maschinen, die in den Rechenzentren von Google ausgeführt werden
* Cloud Storage
Sicherer, langlebiger, skalierbarer Objektspeicher
* Cloud SDK
Befehlszeilentools und Bibliotheken für Google Cloud
* Cloud SQL
Relationaler Datenbankdienst für MySQL, PostgreSQL und SQL Server
* Google Kubernetes Engine
Verwaltete Umgebung zum Ausführen von Containeranwendungen
* BigQuery
Data Warehouse für geschäftliche Agilität und Statistiken
* Cloud CDN
Content Delivery Network für die Web- und Videobereitstellung
* Dataflow
Streaminganalysen für die Stream- und Batchverarbeitung
* Operations-Suite
Suite für Monitoring, Logging und Anwendungsleistung
* Cloud Run
Vollständig verwaltete Umgebung zum Ausführen von Containeranwendungen
* Anthos
Plattform zum Modernisieren bestehender und Erstellen neuer Anwendungen
* Das Gesuchte war nicht dabei?
* Alle Produkte ansehen (über 100)
* KI und Machine Learning
* Vertex AI
Zentrale Plattform für Training, Ausführung und Verwaltung von ML-Modellen
* Vertex AI Workbench
Eine Schnittstelle für den gesamten Data-Science-Workflow
* AI Infrastructure
Optionen zum kostengünstigen Trainieren von Deep-Learning- und ML-Modellen
* AutoML
Benutzerdefiniertes ML-Modell mit minimalem Aufwand entwickeln
* Natural Language AI
Sentimentanalyse und -klassifizierung für unstrukturierten Text
* Speech-to-Text
Spracherkennung und -transkription in 125 Sprachen
* Text-to-Speech
Sprachsynthese in über 220 Stimmen und über 40 Sprachen
* Translation AI
Unterstützung von Spracherkennung, Übersetzung und Glossaren
* Video AI
Videos mit Machine Learning erkennen und klassifizieren
* Vision AI
Benutzerdefinierte und vortrainierte Modelle zur Erkennung von Emotionen, Text
und mehr
* Dialogflow
Lebensechte dialogorientierte KI mit modernen virtuellen
Kundenservicemitarbeitern
* Das Gesuchte war nicht dabei?
* Alle KI- und ML-Produkte ansehen
* API-Verwaltung
* Apigee API Management
Verwaltung des gesamten Lebenszyklus von APIs überall mit Transparenz und
Kontrolle
* Apigee Integration
API-orientierte Integration zum Verbinden vorhandener Daten und Anwendungen
* Cloud Healthcare API
Lösung zum Schließen der Lücke zwischen bestehenden Versorgungssystemen und
Anwendungen in Google Cloud
* AppSheet
Programmierfreie Entwicklungsplattform zum Erstellen und Erweitern von
Anwendungen
* API Gateway
APIs mit einem vollständig verwalteten Gateway entwickeln, bereitstellen,
schützen und verwalten
* Computing
* Compute Engine
Virtuelle Maschinen, die in den Rechenzentren von Google ausgeführt werden
* App Engine
Serverlose Anwendungsplattform für Anwendungen und Back-Ends
* Cloud GPUs
GPUs für maschinelles Lernen, wissenschaftliches Rechnen und 3D-Visualisierung
* Migrate to Virtual Machines
Migration von Servern und virtuellen Maschinen zu Compute Engine
* Spot-VMs
Compute-Instanzen für Batchjobs und fehlertolerante Arbeitslasten
* Batch
Vollständig verwalteter Dienst zum Planen von Batchjobs.
* Knoten für einzelne Mandanten
Dedizierte Hardware für Compliance, Lizenzierung und Verwaltung
* Bare Metal
Infrastruktur für die Ausführung spezieller Arbeitslasten in Google Cloud
* Recommender
Nutzungsempfehlungen für Google Cloud-Produkte und -Dienste
* VMware Engine
Vollständig verwalteter, nativer VMware Cloud Foundation-Software-Stack
* Cloud Run
Vollständig verwaltete Umgebung zum Ausführen von Containeranwendungen
* Das Gesuchte war nicht dabei?
* Alle Computing-Produkte ansehen
* Container
* Google Kubernetes Engine
Verwaltete Umgebung zum Ausführen von Containeranwendungen
* Container Registry
Registry zum Speichern, Verwalten und Schützen von Docker-Images
* Containersicherheit
Sicherheit für Containerumgebungen über alle Lebenszyklusphasen
* Cloud Build
Lösung zum Ausführen von Build-Schritten in einem Docker-Container
* Deep Learning Container
Container mit Data-Science-Frameworks, -Bibliotheken und -Tools
* Kubernetes-Anwendungen
Containeranwendungen mit vordefiniertem Deployment und einheitlicher
Abrechnung
* Artifact Registry
Paketmanager für Build-Artefakte und Abhängigkeiten
* Knative
Komponenten zum Erstellen von Kubernetes-nativer cloudbasierter Software
* Cloud Run
Vollständig verwaltete Umgebung zum Ausführen von Containeranwendungen
* Cloud Code
IDE-Unterstützung zum Schreiben, Ausführen und Debuggen von Kubernetes-
Anwendungen
* Google Cloud Deploy
Vollständig verwalteter Continuous-Delivery-Dienst für Google Kubernetes
Engine
* Datenanalyse
* BigQuery
Data Warehouse für geschäftliche Agilität und Informationen
* Looker
Plattform für BI, Datenanwendungen und eingebettete Analysen
* Dataflow
Streaminganalysen für die Stream- und Batchverarbeitung
* Pub/Sub
Messaging-Dienst zum Erfassen und Übermitteln von Ereignissen
* Dataproc
Dienst zum Ausführen von Apache Spark- und Apache Hadoop-Clustern
* Cloud Data Fusion
Datenintegration zum Erstellen und Verwalten von Datenpipelines
* Cloud Composer
Dienst zur Workflow-Orchestrierung auf Basis von Apache Airflow
* Dataprep
Dienst zum Vorbereiten von Daten für Analysen und Machine Learning
* Dataplex
Intelligente Datenstruktur zur Vereinheitlichung von Datenmanagement über
Datensilos hinweg
* Data Catalog
Metadatendienst zum Erkennen, Verstehen und Verwalten von Daten
* Analytics Hub
Dienst für den sicheren und effizienten Austausch von Datenanalyse-Assets
* Das Gesuchte war nicht dabei?
* Alle Datenanalyseprodukte ansehen
* Datenbanken
* AlloyDB for PostgreSQL
Vollständig verwaltete, PostgreSQL-kompatible Datenbank für anspruchsvolle
Arbeitslasten in Unternehmen
* Cloud Bigtable
Cloudnative, spaltenorientierte Datenbank für große Arbeitslasten mit
niedriger Latenz
* Firestore
Cloudnative Dokumentendatenbank für die Erstellung umfangreicher mobiler, Web-
und IoT-Anwendungen
* Memorystore
In-Memory-Datenbank für verwaltetes Redis und Memcached
* Cloud Spanner
Cloudnative relationale Datenbank mit unbegrenzter Skalierung und 99,999 %
Verfügbarkeit
* Cloud SQL
Vollständig verwaltete Datenbank für MySQL, PostgreSQL und SQL Server
* Database Migration Service
Serverlose Migrationen zur Cloud mit minimaler Ausfallzeit.
* Bare-Metal-Lösung für Oracle
Infrastruktur zum Ausführen spezieller Oracle-Arbeitslasten in Google Cloud
* Firebase Realtime Database
NoSQL-Datenbank zum Speichern und Synchronisieren von Daten in Echtzeit
* Datastream
Serverloser Change-Data-Capture- und Replikationsdienst
* Entwicklertools
* Artifact Registry
Universeller Paketmanager für Build-Artefakte und Abhängigkeiten
* Cloud Build
Plattform für Continuous Integration und Continuous Delivery
* Cloud Code
IDE-Unterstützung zum Schreiben, Ausführen und Debuggen von Kubernetes-
Anwendungen
* Cloud Deployment Manager
Dienst zum Erstellen und Verwalten von Google Cloud-Ressourcen
* gcloud-CLI
Befehlszeilentools und Bibliotheken für Google Cloud
* Cloud Scheduler
Cronjob-Planer zur Automatisierung und Verwaltung von Aufgaben
* Cloud Source Repositories
Privates Git-Repository für das Speichern, Verwalten und Tracking von Code
* Cloud Tasks
Aufgabenverwaltungsdienst für das asynchrone Ausführen von Aufgaben
* Cloud Workstations
Verwaltete und sichere Entwicklungsumgebungen in der Cloud
* Google Cloud Deploy
Vollständig verwalteter Continuous-Delivery-Dienst für Google Kubernetes
Engine
* Tools for PowerShell
Umfassende Cloud-Steuerung über Windows PowerShell
* Das Gesuchte war nicht dabei?
* Alle Entwicklertools ansehen
* Gesundheitswesen und Biowissenschaften
* Apigee Healthcare APIx
Erstellung API-basierter digitaler FHIR-Dienste
* Cloud Healthcare API
Lösung zum Schließen der Lücke zwischen bestehenden Versorgungssystemen und
Anwendungen in Google Cloud
* Cloud Life Sciences
Tools zur Verwaltung, Verarbeitung und Transformation biomedizinischer Daten
* Geräteverbindung für Fitbit
Verknüpfte Fitbit-Daten in Google Cloud liefern umfassende
Patienteninformationen.
* Healthcare Natural Language API
In unstrukturiertem medizinischem Text gespeicherte Informationen in Echtzeit
gewinnen
* Medical Imaging Suite
Beschleunigen Sie die Entwicklung von KI für die medizinische Bildgebung,
indem Sie Bilddaten zugänglich, interoperabel und gut nutzbar machen.
* Hybrid- und Multi-Cloud
* Anthos
Plattform zum Modernisieren bestehender und Erstellen neuer Anwendungen
* Looker
Plattform für BI, Datenanwendungen und eingebettete Analysen
* Cloud Run for Anthos
Einbindung, die eine serverlose Entwicklungsplattform in GKE bietet
* Google Cloud Marketplace for Anthos
Containeranwendungen mit vordefiniertem Deployment und einheitlicher
Abrechnung
* Migrate to Containers
Tool zum Verschieben von Arbeitslasten und vorhandenen Anwendungen zu Google
Kubernetes Engine
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Suite für Monitoring, Logging und Anwendungsleistung
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Vollständig verwalteter Continuous-Delivery-Dienst für Google Kubernetes
Engine
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Dienst zum Verwalten, Einbinden und Verbinden von IoT-Geräten
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ASIC zum Ausführen von ML-Inferenzen und KI auf Edge-Geräten
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Programmatische Schnittstellen für Google Cloud-Dienste
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Open-Source-Tool, mit dem Google Cloud-Ressourcen mit deklarativen
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Dienst zum Konvertieren von Live-Videos und Paketen zum Streamen.
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Open-Source-Render-Manager für visuelle Effekte und Animation
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* Das Gesuchte war nicht dabei?
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Signale aus Ihrer Sicherheitstelemetrie zur unmittelbaren Ermittlung von
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Umfassender Schutz Ihrer Website vor betrügerischen Aktivitäten, Spam und
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* Das Gesuchte war nicht dabei?
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* Google Cloud: Sicherung und Notfallwiederherstellung
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anwendungskonsistenten Datenschutz
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* Sparen Sie Geld mit unserem transparenten Preisansatz.
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* Startseite
Mit Sammlungen den Überblick behalten Sie können Inhalte basierend auf Ihren
Einstellungen speichern und kategorisieren.
Mandiant ist jetzt Teil von Google Cloud. Weitere Informationen
# Sicherheit transformieren: mit der Technologie und Expertise von Google
Nutzen Sie die wegweisenden Ansätze von Google für Unternehmenssicherheit –
mit Tools, Statistiken und Partnerschaften – wo immer Sie auch sind.
Profitieren Sie von der enormen Leistungsfähigkeit unserer Datenverarbeitung
und neuen Analyseansätzen mit KI/ML. Wir konzentrieren uns darauf, eine
Vielzahl von Bedrohungsarten zu beseitigen, um Ihnen moderne Sicherheit zu
bieten und den Anforderungen einer sich schnell ändernden Welt gerecht zu
werden.
Jetzt kostenlos starten Kontakt aufnehmen
Besser geschützt mit Google
### Für ein besser geschütztes Unternehmen
* Möchten Sie Ihre Cloud-Transformation schützen?
* Möchten Sie die Anforderungen an die digitale Souveränität erfüllen?
* Möchten Sie Ihre Sicherheitsabläufe modernisieren?
* Möchten Sie Zero-Trust-Zugriff für alle Anwendungen, Nutzer und Geräte ermöglichen?
* Möchten Sie Anwendungen vor Bots und Webangriffen schützen?
* Möchten Sie Ihr Sicherheitsprogramm transformieren?
### Mehr zu Cyber-Bedrohungen und Sicherheitsprodukten
Erfahren Sie, wie Sie Bedrohungen erkennen und sich und andere Nutzer proaktiv
davor schützen. Hier finden Sie die neuesten Ressourcen von Mandiant zu
Bedrohungen.
Mit Google Cloud und unseren fortschrittlichen Produkten und Lösungen können
Sie Ihre dringlichsten Sicherheitsherausforderungen meistern.
### Cloud-Transformation sichern und Anforderungen an die digitale
Souveränität erfüllen
Beim Wechsel in die Cloud müssen Sie neue Ansätze verwenden, um Ihre Nutzer,
Anwendungen und Daten zu schützen und gleichzeitig Ihre Ziele für Compliance
und digitale Souveränität erfolgreich umzusetzen.
Google Cloud bietet eine von Grund auf sichere Basis – ein Fate-Sharing-Modell
zum Risikomanagement, das von Produkten, Diensten, Frameworks, Best Practices,
Steuerelementen und Funktionen unterstützt wird. All das hilft Ihnen dabei,
Ihre Anforderungen an die digitale Souveränität zu erfüllen.
Security Command Center | Cloud-Schlüsselverwaltung | Assured Workloads |
Policy Intelligence | Framework für Sicherheit und Robustheit |
Risikoschutzprogramm
Cloud-Transformation sichern
Bedrohungen schneller erkennen, untersuchen und darauf reagieren
### Bedrohungen schneller erkennen, untersuchen und darauf reagieren
Zu viele Tools, eine übermäßige Anzahl von Warnmeldungen, ein Mangel an
Automatisierung und unvollständige Sicherheitsdaten machen Ihren SecOps-Teams
das Leben schwer.
Die Chronicle Security Operations Suite von Google Cloud ist so flexibel wie
Sie – sie arbeitet in der Cloud, überall in Ihrem Unternehmen und mit jeder
Art von Quelle jeder Größenordnung. Sie profitieren von der einzigartigen
Geschwindigkeit und Skalierung von Google. Außerdem können Sie die von Google
bereitgestellten Informationen zu Bedrohungen nutzen, um automatisierte
Reaktionen zu erstellen. So können Sie in der von Cyberbedrohungen geprägten
Welt von heute einen entscheidenden Vorteil erzielen.
Chronicle SIEM | Chronicle SOAR | Mandiant Advantage | VirusTotal | Autonome
Sicherheitsvorgänge
### Sicheren Zugriff auf Systeme, Daten und Ressourcen ermöglichen
Herkömmliche Sicherheitsmodelle reichen zum Schutz cloudbasierter, verteilter
Umgebungen und Mitarbeiter an unterschiedlichen Standorten nicht aus.
Mit Google Cloud können Sie einen Zero-Trust-Ansatz implementieren, bei dem
die Vertrauenswürdigkeit der Nutzer und Ressourcen über mehrere Mechanismen
ermittelt und kontinuierlich überprüft wird. So schützen Sie Ihre Mitarbeiter
und Arbeitslasten.
BeyondCorp Enterprise | Work Safer | Certificate Authority Service | VPC
Service Controls | Titan-Sicherheitsschlüssel
Sicheren Zugriff auf Systeme, Daten und Ressourcen ermöglichen
Geschäftskritische Apps vor Betrug und Webangriffen schützen
### Geschäftskritische Apps vor Betrug und Webangriffen schützen
Ihre Organisation hängt von geschäftskritischen Web- und mobilen Apps ab. Sie
müssen Angreifer fernhalten und gleichzeitig dafür sorgen, dass Ihre Kunden
jederzeit auf Ihre Angebote zugreifen können.
Google Cloud unterstützt Sie dabei, Onlinebetrug, Denial-of-Service- und
Webangriffe auf allen digitalen Properties zu bekämpfen – mit Funktionen, bei
denen die Verhaltensweisen von Angreifern, adaptive Schutzmaßnahmen und
Skalierung im Mittelpunkt stehen.
reCAPTCHA Enterprise | Cloud Armor | Web Risk | Apigee
### Mehr Vertrauen in die Cloud
Google Cloud steht für jeden Aspekt der Cloud-Sicherheit. Unser Fate-Sharing-
Modell wurde konzipiert, um Ihnen ein größeres Vertrauen in die Cloud zu
ermöglichen.
Erfahren Sie mehr über unsere Compliance-Angebote, Datenschutzressourcen und
die Vertrauensgrundsätze, auf denen unser Sicherheitsansatz basiert.
Logo: Goldman Sachs
„Als Goldman Sachs sein eigenes Unternehmen skalieren wollte und dabei die
zunehmende Notwendigkeit von Risikomanagementaktivitäten weltweit sah, erwies
sich Google Cloud als eine optimale Wahl.“
George Lee, Co-Chief Information Officer, Goldman Sachs
Bericht lesen
## Transformieren Sie Ihr Sicherheitsprogramm
Sie benötigen Ressourcen und Fachwissen, um die Sicherheit im Rahmen Ihrer
digitalen Transformation zu modernisieren.
Lassen Sie sich von einem erstklassigen Sicherheitsberatungsteam in Sachen
digitaler und Sicherheitstransformation unterstützen.
Google-Team für Internetsicherheit
Benötigen Sie sofortige Unterstützung bei einem möglichen Vorfall oder einem
Sicherheitsverstoß?
Reaktion auf Vorfälle mit Mandiant Incident Response
Best Practices für die Erfüllung Ihrer Sicherheits- und Compliance-Ziele
Best-Practices-Center für mehr Sicherheit
### Gleich loslegen
Welche Herausforderung wollen Sie meistern? Ein Google Cloud-Experte
unterstützt Sie gern dabei, die beste Lösung zu finden.
Vertrieb kontaktieren
### Gleich loslegen
Welche Herausforderung wollen Sie meistern? Ein Google Cloud-Experte
unterstützt Sie gern dabei, die beste Lösung zu finden.
Vertrieb kontaktieren
* Best Practices für Sicherheit
Mehr über Best Practices
* Häufige Probleme beheben
Videos zu sicherheitsbezogenen Fallstudien ansehen
* Unterstützung durch Partner
Mehr über unsere Sicherheitspartner
* Best Practices für Sicherheit
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## Contents
move to sidebar hide
* (Top)
* 1Meteorological history
* 2Impact
* 2.1Western Bay of Bengal
* 2.2Myanmar
* 3Aftermath
* 3.1International relief
* 3.1.1Bangladesh
* 3.1.2India
* 3.1.3Italy
* 3.1.4Malaysia
* 3.1.5Thailand
* 3.1.6United Kingdom
* 3.1.7United States
* 3.1.8Other relief efforts
* 4Burma controversy
* 4.1Military junta's blockade of aid
* 4.2Uninterrupted referendum
* 4.3Aid distribution controversy
* 4.4Activists respond to the blockade of aid
* 5Records
* 6Private relief
* 6.1Impact on rice supplies
* 7Update
* 8See also
* 9Notes
* 10References
* 11Further reading
* 12External links
Toggle the table of contents
# Cyclone Nargis
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
North Indian Ocean cyclone in 2008
Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm NargisExtremely severe cyclonic storm (IMD
scale)
Category 4 tropical cyclone (SSHWS)
Nargis 01 may 2008 0440Z.jpg
Nargis near peak intensity approaching landfall in Myanmar on May 2
Formed27 April 2008
Dissipated3 May 2008
Highest winds3-minute sustained: 165 km/h (105 mph)
1-minute sustained: 215 km/h (130 mph)
Lowest pressure962 hPa (mbar); 28.41 inHg
Fatalities138,373 total
(Fifth-deadliest tropical cyclone on record)
Damage$12.9 billion (2008 USD)
(Second costliest cyclone recorded in the Indian Ocean)
Areas affectedBangladesh, Myanmar, India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Laos, China
Part of the 2008 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm Nargis (Burmese: နာဂစ်, Urdu: نرگس [ˈnərɡɪs])
was an extremely destructive and deadly tropical cyclone that caused the worst
natural disaster in the recorded history of Myanmar during early May 2008.[1]
The cyclone made landfall in Myanmar on Friday, 2 May 2008, sending a storm
surge 40 kilometres up the densely populated Irrawaddy delta, causing
catastrophic destruction and at least 138,373 fatalities.[2][3][4] The Labutta
Township alone was reported to have 80,000 dead, with about 10,000 more deaths
in Bogale. There were around 55,000 people missing and many other deaths were
found in other towns and areas, although the Myanmar government's official
death toll may have been under-reported, and there have been allegations that
government officials stopped updating the death toll after 138,000 to minimise
political fallout. The feared 'second wave' of fatalities from disease and
lack of relief efforts never materialised.[5] Damage was at $12 billion,
making Nargis the costliest tropical cyclone on record in the North Indian
Ocean at the time,[6] before that record was broken by Cyclone Amphan in
2020.[7][8][9]
The first named storm of the 2008 North Indian Ocean cyclone season, Nargis
developed on 27 April in the central area of Bay of Bengal. Initially, the
storm tracked slowly northwestward, and encountering favourable conditions, it
quickly strengthened. Dry air weakened the cyclone on 29 April, though after
beginning a steady eastward motion, Nargis rapidly intensified to attain peak
winds of at least 165 km/h (105 mph) on 2 May, according to IMD observations;
the JTWC assessed peak winds of 215 km/h (135 mph), making it a weak Category
4 cyclone on the SSHWS. The cyclone moved ashore in the Ayeyarwady Division of
Myanmar at peak intensity and, after passing near the major city of Yangon
(Rangoon), the storm gradually weakened until dissipating near the border of
Myanmar and Thailand.[citation needed]
Nargis is the deadliest named cyclone in the North Indian Ocean Basin, as well
as the second-deadliest named cyclone of all time, behind Typhoon Nina of
1975. Including unnamed storms like the 1970 Bhola cyclone, Nargis is the
fifth-deadliest cyclone of all time, but an uncertainty between the deaths
caused by Nargis and those caused by other cyclones (like the 1991 Bangladesh
cyclone), could put Nargis as fourth-deadliest or higher, because the exact
death toll is uncertain. Nargis was the first tropical cyclone to strike the
country since Cyclone Mala made landfall in 2006, which was slightly stronger,
but had a significantly lower impact. According to reports, Indian authorities
had warned Myanmar about the danger that Cyclone Nargis posed 48 hours before
it hit the country's coast.[citation needed]
Relief efforts were slowed for political reasons as Myanmar's military rulers
initially resisted large-scale international aid. US President George W. Bush
said that an angry world should condemn the way Myanmar's military rulers were
handling the aftermath of such a catastrophic cyclone.[10] Myanmar's military
junta finally accepted aid a few days after India's request was accepted.[11]
Hampering the relief efforts, only ten days after the cyclone, the 2008
Sichuan earthquake occurred nearby and measured 7.9 in magnitude, taking
87,476 lives[12] and causing US$150 billion in damage in the process, making
it the costliest disaster in Chinese history and third-costliest disaster ever
known. Furthermore, some donated aid items were found to be available in the
country's black market, and Myanmar's junta warned on 15 May that legal action
would be taken against people who traded or hoarded international aid.
## Meteorological history[edit]
Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson
scale
Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
Unknown
Storm type
circle Tropical cyclone
square Subtropical cyclone
triangle Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon
depression
Towards the end of April 2008, the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone over the
Indian Ocean became very active, with a tropical disturbance developing under
its influence during 25 April.[13][14] Over the next couple of days, the
disturbance gradually developed further within an area of low vertical wind
shear, before it was classified as a depression by the India Meteorological
Department early on 27 April.[13] Initially, the depression moved westward and
was classified as a deep depression by the IMD, before the United States Joint
Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) initiated advisories and classified the storm as
Tropical Cyclone 01B later that day.[13][15] The system subsequently started
to move north-westwards under the steering influence of an anticyclone and an
upper-level ridge of high pressure.[13][16]
At 0000 UTC, 5:30 AM Indian Standard Time, on 28 April, the IMD upgraded the
system to Cyclonic Storm Nargis, while it was located about 550 km (340 mi)
east of Chennai, India.[17]
On 28 April, Nargis became nearly stationary, while situated between high-
pressure ridges to its northwest and southeast. That same day, the JTWC
upgraded the storm to cyclone status, the equivalent of a minimal Category 1
hurricane on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane scale.[14] Around the same time, the
IMD upgraded Nargis to a severe cyclonic storm.[18] The cyclone developed a
concentric eye feature, which is an eyewall outside another eyewall,[19] with
warm waters aiding in further intensification.[20] Early on 29 April, the JTWC
estimated Nargis reached winds of 160 km/h (100 mph),[21] and at the same
time, the IMD classified the system as a very severe cyclonic storm.[22]
Initially, the cyclone was forecast to strike Bangladesh or southeastern
India.[23][24] Subsequently, the cyclone became disorganised and weakened due
to subsidence and drier air; as a result, deep convection near the center
markedly decreased. At the same time, the storm began a motion to the
northeast, around the periphery of a ridge to its southeast.[25] The
circulation remained strong despite the diminishing convection, though
satellite intensity estimates using the Dvorak technique indicated the cyclone
could have weakened to tropical storm status.[26] By late on 29 April,
convection had begun to rebuild,[27] though immediate restrengthening was
prevented by increased wind shear.[28]
Conditions in Myanmar as Nargis made landfall
On 1 May 2008, after turning nearly due eastward, Cyclone Nargis began rapidly
intensifying, due to greatly improved outflow aided by an approaching upper-
level trough.[29] Strengthening continued as Nargis developed a well-defined
eye with a diameter of 19 km (12 mi), and early on 2 May, the JTWC estimated
that the cyclone reached peak 1-minute winds of 215 km/h (135 mph), as it
approached the coast of Myanmar, making it a Category 4 storm.[30] At the same
time, the IMD assessed Nargis as attaining peak 3-minute sustained winds of
165 km/h (105 mph).[31] Around 1200 UTC on 2 May, Cyclone Nargis made landfall
in the Ayeyarwady Division of Myanmar at peak strength.[32] The storm
gradually weakened as it proceeded east over Myanmar, with its proximity to
the Andaman Sea preventing rapid weakening. Its track turned to the northeast
due to the approach of a mid-latitude trough to its northwest, passing just
north of Yangon with winds of 130 km/h (80 mph).[33] Early on 3 May, the IMD
issued its final advisory on the storm.[34] Nargis quickly weakened after
turning to the northeast, toward the rugged terrain near the Myanmar–Thailand
border, and after deteriorating to minimal tropical storm status, the JTWC
issued its last advisory on Nargis.[35]
## Impact[edit]
Deadliest Tropical Cyclones since 1900 Rank Name/Year Region Fatalities
1 Bhola 1970 Bangladesh 300,000
2 Bangladesh 1991 Bangladesh 138,866
3 Nargis 2008 Myanmar 138,373
4 Unnamed 1911 Bangladesh 120,000
5 Unnamed 1917 Bangladesh 70,000
6 Harriet 1962 Thailand, Bangladesh 50,935
7 Unnamed 1919 Bangladesh 40,000
8 Unnamed 1917 Bangladesh 70,000
9 Nina 1975 China 26,000
10 Unnamed 1958 Bangladesh 12,000
Unnamed 1965 Bangladesh
Sources: NOAA, MDR[36][37]
### Western Bay of Bengal[edit]
Rainfall rate from cyclone Nargis over Western Bay of Bengal, as measured by
the TRMM.
On 27 and 28 April, the cyclone enhanced the South-West Monsoon over Sri
Lanka, which resulted in very heavy rain, flooding, and landslides being
reported within the Western, Sabaragamuwa and Southern provinces.[38][39] The
districts of Ratnapura and Kegalle were the most affected, where more than
3,000 families were displaced.[39] Thousands of houses were flooded, with 21
reported destroyed. The rainfall left 4,500 people homeless, and more than
35,000 people were affected on the island.[39][40] Three people were reported
injured on the island, while two were reported dead.[39]
Damaged boats after Cyclone Nargis
The India Meteorological Department recommended that fishermen should not sail
on the ocean during the passage of Nargis. Strong waves and gusty winds were
expected along the Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh coastline in India.[17]
Additionally, the influence of the cyclone lowered temperatures along the
Indian coastline, which had been affected by a severe heat wave.[41]
When the cyclone was originally expected to strike near Bangladesh, officials
requested farmers to hurriedly finish harvesting the rice crop. At the time,
the country was experiencing severe food shortages from Cyclone Sidr in the
previous year and flooding earlier in the year, and a direct strike from
Nargis would have resulted in destroyed crops due to strong winds.[42]
### Myanmar[edit]
Satellite photography of the Irrawaddy Delta before (top) and after (bottom)
Nargis hit the area.
Topographic map of the region of Burma affected by Cyclone Nargis. The low-
lying Irrawaddy Delta was the hardest hit.
The United Nations estimated that 1.5 million people were "severely affected"
by Nargis.[43] Estimates of the people missing were 53,836, with 84,537
confirmed dead.[3] Some NGOs estimated that the final death toll would be over
100,000.[44] At least 10,000 people were reported to have perished in the
delta town of Bogale alone.[45]
Nargis was the deadliest tropical cyclone in the North Indian Ocean since the
1991 Bangladesh cyclone, which killed at least 138,866 people. One aid worker
claimed that the death toll from the cyclone and its aftermath might reach
300,000; if correct, Nargis was the second-deadliest cyclone ever and the
fifth-deadliest natural disaster of the 20th century, after the 1931 China
floods. Other more deadly natural disasters include the 1887 Yellow River
flood, the 1556 Shaanxi earthquake, and the 1970 Bhola cyclone in
Bangladesh.[46]
Myanmar's military leaders did not count the full death toll from Nargis
(leaving the area shortly after it hit), and this led to initial uncertainty
about the scale of the disaster. The final death toll from Nargis was at least
146,000, because there were 90,000 people confirmed dead at one point and
56,000 were missing. They were never found, so it was assumed that these
56,000 people were killed. Thus, its death toll would exceed that of the 1991
storm and make it the deadliest since the 1970 storm. It is now thought that
hundreds of thousands of people will never be found after Nargis because their
bodies have decayed, been buried, or were washed out to sea.[47]
Andrew Kirkwood, country director of the British charity Save The Children,
stated: "We're looking at 50,000 dead and millions of homeless, I'd
characterise it as unprecedented in the history of Myanmar and on an order of
magnitude with the effect of the [2004] tsunami on individual countries. There
might well be more dead than the tsunami caused in Sri Lanka."[48] Foreign aid
workers estimated that 2 million to 3 million were homeless, often going to
one of 260,000 refugee camps in Myanmar. It was likely the worst disaster in
Myanmar's history, and the total damages were comparable to that of the 2004
Indian Ocean tsunami.[49]
Thousands of buildings were destroyed; in the town of Labutta, in the
Ayeyarwady Division, state television reported that 75 percent of buildings
had collapsed and 20 percent had their roofs ripped off.[50] One report
indicated that 95 percent of buildings in the Irrawaddy Delta area were
destroyed.[51] The Ministry of Religious Affairs stated that 1,163 temples
were destroyed in Ayeyarwady Division and 284 in Yangon Division.[52]
The Burmese government formally declared five regions—Yangon, Ayeyarwady, Bago
Divisions and Mon and Kayin States— as disaster areas.[citation needed]
A United Nations official commented as follows: "It's a bad situation. Almost
all the houses are smashed. People are in a terrible situation." Another UN
official said that "The Irrawaddy delta was hit extremely hard not only
because of the wind and rain but because of the storm surge." Burst sewage
mains caused the landscape to flood with waste, ruining the rice crop.[53]
The Daily Telegraph (UK) reported that food prices in Myanmar could be
affected.[54] Woradet Wirawekhin (th: วรเดช วีระเวคิน), deputy director
general of Thailand's Department of Information, Ministry of Foreign Affairs,
stated on 7 May 2008 that, in reference to a report submitted by Bansan Bunnak
(th: บรรสาน บุนนาค), the Thai ambassador in Yangon, conditions in the city had
deteriorated and that most businesses and markets were closed. Mr. Wirawekhin
also reported that the locals faced even more adversity in basic subsistence,
because local food prices had increased two- or threefold.[55]
## Aftermath[edit]
The most affected and most populous division of Myanmar, Ayeyarwady
### International relief[edit]
On 6 May 2008, the Burmese government representation in New York City formally
asked the United Nations for help, but in other ways it remained resistant to
the most basic assistance.[48] On 7 May 2008, the government of Myanmar had
not officially endorsed international assistance, but stated that they were,
"willing to accept international assistance, preferably bilateral, government
to government." The biggest challenge was obtaining visas for entry into the
country.[citation needed]
According to Thai Rath Newspaper of Thailand on 8 May 2008,[56] in the
afternoon (Bangkok time) of 7 May 2008, the Burmese junta permitted Italian
flights containing relief supplies from the United Nations, and twenty-five
tonnes of consumable goods, to land in Myanmar. However, many nations and
organisations hoped to deliver assistance and relief to Myanmar without delay;
most of their officials, supplies and stores were waiting in Thailand and at
the Yangon airport, as the Burmese junta declined to issue visas for many of
those individuals. These political tensions raised the concern that some food
and medical supplies might become unusable, even before the Burmese junta
officially accepted the international relief effort.[citation needed]
#### Bangladesh[edit]
Bangladesh, which has had experience with cyclones in the past, was one of the
first countries to supply aid to Myanmar in the aftermath of Cyclone Nargis.
Two planes carrying aid, organised by the Bangladesh Army, were sent to
Myanmar on 8 May 2008. They carried stockpiles of emergency aid and hundreds
of aid workers with experience in coping with the aftermath of a cyclone.[57]
#### India[edit]
India, one of the few countries which maintains close relations with Myanmar,
launched Operation Sahayata[58] under which two Indian Navy ships and two
Indian Air Force (IAF) aircraft supplied the first international relief
material to the cyclone-hit country.[59] The two aircraft carried 4 tonnes of
relief supplies each while the Indian Navy transported more than 100 tonnes of
relief material.[60] On 8 May, the IAF dispatched its third air consignment
carrying over 32 tonnes of relief material including tents, blankets and
medicines.[61] India planned to send more aid to Burma.[62] In a separate
development, Burma denied Indian search and rescue teams and media access to
critical cyclone-hit areas.[63] India released a statement saying it had
requested Burma to accept international aid especially that from the United
States,[64] to which Burma agreed.[65][66] According to various reports,
Indian authorities had warned Burma about the danger that Cyclone Nargis posed
48 hours before it hit the country's coast.[67] As of 16 May 2008, India's
offer to send a team of 50 medical personnel to set up two independent mini-
hospitals in the Irrawaddy delta was accepted by the Burmese government.[68]
An aircraft carrying the team of doctors was being prepared at Delhi's Palam
Air Force Base.[69]
#### Italy[edit]
Italy provided €465,000 (about $732,282) worth of aid in the form of 30 tons
of emergency relief equipment, such as stretchers, generators, and water
purifiers in a flight organised by the World Food Program (WFP). The flight
arrived in Yangon on 8 May. This was the first aid flight from a Western
nation, preceded only by aid from Thailand.[70][71]
In addition to this aid, the Italian government provided €500,000 through the
WFP and €500,000 through funding to relief agencies through the UN. An
additional €123,000 was provided through the Red Cross, as well as €300,000
worth of further financing for emergency equipment.[citation needed]
#### Malaysia[edit]
Mercy Malaysia also trained 180 doctors from the Myanmar Medical Association
in Yangon for deployment in the Irrawaddy Delta.[72] RM 1.8 mil was collected
for victims of Myanmar's cyclone victims through The Star Myanmar Relief Fund
and handed to Mercy Malaysia executive council member Dr Ahmad Faizal
Perdaus.[73] A second Malaysian Red Crescent Society (MRCS) disaster relief
team was sent to Myanmar on 21 May 2008.[citation needed]
#### Thailand[edit]
Thailand sent US$100,000 in supplies, thirty tonnes of medical supplies and
twelve tonnes of food supplies from Thai Red Cross. Additionally, Chaiya
Sasomsap, Minister of Public Health of Thailand, stated that the Government
had already sent medical supplies valued more than one billion baht ($31.3
million) to Myanmar. Furthermore, the Government of Thailand dispatched, upon
the permission of the Burmese junta, twenty medical teams and twenty quick
communicable disease suppression units. Samak Sundaravej stated that "if
Myanmar gives the green light allowing us to help, our Air Force will provide
C-130 aircraft to carry our teams there. This should not be precipitately
carried out, it has to have the permission of their government."[74] On 7 May
2008, those units, with their subordinate aeroplanes, were permitted to land
in Yangon, carrying drinking water and construction material.[75]
#### United Kingdom[edit]
One of the largest sums was donated by the United Kingdom which committed £17
million (approx US$33.5 million).[76] The UK's Department for International
Development sent an international relief team to help with the co-ordination
of the international relief effort. Another team from the same department was
also on the ground inside Myanmar.[77] The Royal Navy dispatched HMS
Westminster to the area to assist. This ship was part of the Orion 08 group
deployment but was detached on a contingency tasking. This mission was
codenamed Operation Songster. Prime Minister Gordon Brown remained extremely
critical of the Burmese régime and had not ruled out violating Burmese
sovereignty by carrying out "forced airdrops" to deliver aid.[78]
#### United States[edit]
US Air Force personnel deliver relief supplies to Myanmar
On 5 May, US Chargé d'affaires in Myanmar Shari Villarosa declared a disaster
due to the effects of Cyclone Nargis. In response, the US Agency for
International Development (USAID) deployed a Disaster Assistance Response Team
(DART) and immediately provided $2 million to UNICEF, WFP, and the Office of
the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) for emergency food,
water and sanitation, and shelter assistance.[citation needed]
On 6 May, an additional $3 million from USAID was allocated for the provision
of emergency relief assistance, including $1 million to the American Red Cross
and $2 million for NGO partners and on 12 May, USAID Administrator Henrietta
H. Fore announced $13 million in food aid and logistics assistance through the
World Food Programme.[citation needed]
From 12 to 20 May, USAID and the US Department of Defense (DOD) coordinated
the delivery of nearly $1.2 million of US relief commodities to Rangoon on 185
DOD C-130 flights. The relief supplies would provide assistance to more than
113,000 beneficiaries. The DOD efforts were under the direction of Joint Task
Force Caring Response.[79]
As of 26 June 2008, United States assistance had totalled $41,169,769 and
continued to be directed by the USAID DART stationed in Thailand.[80]
#### Other relief efforts[edit]
On 15 May, the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian
Affairs (OCHA) launched the Burmese HIC website. The purpose of the site was
to improve information exchange and collaboration between operational agencies
responding to Cyclone Nargis. Based in Bangkok, the HIC was providing support
to the Humanitarian Partnership Team and other humanitarian partners in
Yangon, as well as those based in Bangkok.[citation needed]
By 8 May 2008, the Foundation for the People of Burma had a team on the ground
in Rangoon and beyond providing direct assistance to thousands of refugees.
Since this organisation was administered by Buddhist volunteers and already
had tacit permission from the Burmese government, all donations went directly
for supplies.[citation needed]
A destroyed house in Yangon
The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies had
pledged $189,000 for relief.[81] The federation had also launched an appeal of
a further CHF73.9 million.[82] Red Cross spokesman Matt Cochrane said that
cyclone survivors needed everything. They needed emergency shelter to keep
them dry, including food supplies. He said stagnant waters were a perfect
breeding ground for the malaria mosquito, so insecticide-treated nets were
needed.[83] The Red Cross suffered a setback when a boat carrying supplies
sank when it hit a submerged tree. Everyone aboard survived, but most of the
cargo was lost.[84] Ten Red Cross/Red Crescent relief flights carrying medical
and shelter supplies were due to land in Yangon on 12 May.[85]
Trocaire has been active in Myanmar since 1995 and were the first Irish aid
agency to gain access after Cyclone Nargis. Relief work has been conducted
mainly through local partners and membership of the international federation
Caritas Internationalis. Trocaire had appealed for the focus of humanitarian
work in Myanmar not to be lost in the wake of China's more recent
earthquake.[86]
Save the Children, one of the few agencies allowed to work in Myanmar, said
the toll would likely sharply grow in the next few days as help reached
isolated areas.[87] On 18 May, it announced that it believed that thirty
thousand children younger than five were already facing malnutrition and could
starve in under a month if food did not reach them.[88]
Médecins Sans Frontières landed a plane of 40 tons of relief and medical
supplies in Rangoon. After clearing customs the supplies were transferred to
local MSF warehouses. They have approximately 200 workers in the region, many
of whom have been involved in long-term projects there and were already in the
region.[89]
World Vision launched a US$3 million appeal and sought to get international
aid into the country. Staff on the ground were working to distribute food,
water and other non-food items while WV Myanmar managers sought approval from
the government to work in the worst affected areas and to bring in aid from
outside.[90]
Local NGOs also responded to the emergency, many adapting from human-rights or
women's focuses to humanitarian emergency relief.[91]
Country Contribution[92]
Association of Southeast Asian Nations An assessment team and 30 medical
personnel per country.[93]
Australia A$25 million (US$23.5 million)[94] and 31 tonnes of supplies.[95]
Bangladesh 20 tonnes of food, medicine
Belgium €250,000 (US$387,000) and €100,000 from Flanders
Brazil Zinc roofing tiles, canvas tents and first aid items.
Brunei Relief materials[96]
Cambodia ៛ 193,120,000[97]
Canada Up to US$2 million in emergency relief, $500,000 of which is for the
Red Cross, Disaster Assistance Response Team (DART) is on standby; additional
aid to come[98]
China US$10 million in aid and relief materials (including 3 flights using
Jade Cargo each consisting of 60 tonnes of aid)[99]
Czech Republic US$154,000
Denmark US$2.1 million[100]
European Union US$3.0 million
Estonia US$51,200
Finland €300,000 (US$464,000)[101]
France 1,500 tons of medicine, food, and water;[84] US$775,000
Germany US$3.0 million
Greece US$200,000, medicine and humanitarian aid[102]
Hungary Ft48,903,000 (US$300,000), medicine, food, humanitarian aid
India More than 178 tonnes of relief materials; tents, food supplies,
medicines. A team of 50 medical personnel was sent to set up hospitals in the
Irrawaddy delta.[69][68]
Indonesia Rp 9,212,300,000 (US$1 million) in cash and other aids in foods and
medicines
Ireland €1,000,000 (US$1,550,000)
Israel US$100,000, food and medical supplies by private organisations
Italy €1,500,000 (US$2,250,000)[103]
Japan JPY ¥28 million in tents and generators = US$267,000; US$10 million
through UN World Food Program & US$570,000 pledged assistance[104]
Laos ₭171,540,000 (US$20,000) worth of food[105]
Lithuania Lithuanian government donated Lt200,000 ($90,000) to Red Cross.[106]
Malaysia RM12,965,800 (US$4,100,000)
North Macedonia ден1,964,000 (US$50,000)[107]
Netherlands €1,000,000 (US$1,550,000)
New Zealand NZ$3.5 million[108]
Norway Up to US$1.96 million[109]
Pakistan Relief materials and setting up of a mobile hospital in the affected
region upon approval of Burmese government.[110]
Philippines Medical workers and US$3,000,000 and relief goods in cash and
C-130 Hecules with Aid[111]
Russia 80 tonnes of food (US$ ~5,500,000 for 30 tonnes of grain delievered in
October 2015[a]), generators, medicine, tents and blankets[112]
San Marino €30,000[113]
Serbia Relief materials, medicines and medical supply.[114]
Singapore US$200,000[115]
Spain US$775,000 donation to World Food Programme
Sri Lanka US$100,000 plus food and assistance of medical workers
Sweden Logistical support and water cleaning systems
Switzerland US$475,000 (initial)
Taiwan (R.O.C.) US$200,000
Thailand US$100,000, food and medical supplies (initial)[116]
Turkey US$1,000,000 from Ministry of Foreign Affairs, US$600,000 from Turkish
Red Crescent[117]
Ukraine 40 tonnes of medicine, tents and blankets[118]
United Kingdom £45 million committed (US$73.5 million at 7 November 2008,
exchange rate),[119] HMS Westminster[120]
United States US$196 million (2008–2012)[121]
Vietnam ₫3,195,000,000 (US$200,000)
## Burma controversy[edit]
### Military junta's blockade of aid[edit]
In the days after the storm, the junta pursued a CNN reporter covering the
effects of the storm. The reporter was eventually forced to leave the country
out of fear of being imprisoned.[122]
On 9 May 2008, the junta officially declared that their acceptance of
international aid relief would be limited to food, medicines and other
supplies as well as financial aid, but would not allow additional foreign aid
workers or military units to operate in the country. Samak Sundaravej, Prime
Minister of Thailand, stated that, following the request of Eric G. John, US
Ambassador to Thailand, he would visit Myanmar on 11 May to urge the junta to
open the country. Quinton Quayle, UK Ambassador to Thailand, later remarked
that he would also join Sundaravej.[123] However, the junta immediately
replied that it was not willing to welcome anyone at this time. Sundaravej
said that he would still submit the mediating letter to the junta without
delay.[124]
The delays had attracted international condemnation. Also, on 9 May in
Bangkok, Richard Horsey, spokesperson of the United Nations, urged Myanmar to
accept a full scale international relief effort.[125] United Nations Secretary
General Ban Ki-moon urged the junta to allow aid in "without hindrance". Ban's
comments came after the World Food Programme resumed food aid after two
shipments of high energy biscuits were stolen by the military.[126] The House
of Commons of Canada condemned the Burmese government's response in a
resolution passed unanimously on 9 May 2008.[98] Oxfam International's
regional chief Sarah Ireland warned that 1.5 million face death if they did
not get clean water and sanitation soon: "It's really crucial that people get
access to clean water sources and sanitation to avoid unnecessary deaths and
suffering."[127] Myanmar's government seemed unaware of the scope of the death
and destruction Cyclone Nargis wrought on the country more than a week ago, it
was reported 13 May 2008.[128] Some critics were even suggesting genocide
since the Burmese government had deliberately denied storm victims aid,
allowing for hundreds of thousands to potentially die from starvation,
exposure, and disease.[129]
On 16 May 2008, the Burmese UN ambassador accused France of deploying a
warship to the Burmese coast. The French UN ambassador denied the LHD
Mistral[citation needed] was a warship, and claimed Myanmar's refusal to allow
increased aid into the country "could lead to a true crime against humanity."
France stated the ship in question was carrying 1,500 tons of relief
supplies.[130] UK Prime Minister Gordon Brown accused the ruling junta of
allowing the disaster to grow into a "man-made catastrophe" through its
failure to act. He also rebuked the junta as being guilty of inhuman
actions.[131]
On 19 May, Myanmar agreed to allow aid from members of the Association of
South-East Asian Nations (ASEAN) to enter. The decision came after an
emergency ASEAN summit. The aid would start arriving 21 May. Ban Ki-moon would
probably visit the country the same day to "accelerate relief efforts".[93]
That day, Ban announced that Myanmar was going to "allow all aid workers
regardless of nationality" to enter, although ships and helicopters were still
not expected to be allowed. The announcement came after Ban had met with junta
leader General Than Shwe for over two hours. Organizations welcoming the
announcement included World Vision, the World Food Programme, and the
International Rescue Committee.[132]
On 23 May, negotiations between UN Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon and Than Shwe
resulted in the opening of Myanmar to aid workers, regardless of nationality.
Myanmar's government was still staunchly opposed to the presence of military
units in the country, only allowing dedicated relief workers.[133] On 5 June,
a USS Essex-led American carrier group full of aid left the Burmese coast
after being denied entry for several weeks, taking its aid back
undelivered.[134]
On 27 May, to complicate world opinion and in contrast to numerous and varied
accounts from international relief organisations, the Burmese junta praised
U.N. aid.[135]
On 5 June 2008, Amnesty International released a report saying that at least
thirty people had been evicted from refugee camps. The report also indicated
that the military was horse-trading aid for physical labour.[134]
### Uninterrupted referendum[edit]
Main article: 2008 Burmese constitutional referendum
Despite objections raised by the Burmese opposition parties and foreign
nations in the wake of the natural disaster, the junta proceeded with a
previously scheduled (10 May 2008) constitutional referendum. Voting however
was postponed until 24 May 2008 in Yangon and other areas hardest hit by the
storm.[136]
On 8 May 2008, about thirty protesters assembled before Myanmar's embassy in
Manila, Philippines, demanding that the junta defer voting on the referendum
and immediately accept international relief. The Philippine protesters
delivered the statement that "this time is not the time for politics, but it
is the time to save people." The United States Government also demanded that
the United Nations not endorse the referendum. Aung San Suu Kyi, leader of the
Burmese opposition, also stated that holding a vote for the referendum during
this disaster would be a consummately unacceptable act.[56] About 500 Burmese
activists demonstrated on 10 May outside their country's embassy in Kuala
Lumpur, Malaysia, demanding that Burma's military regime call off its
constitutional referendum even as voting began despite a devastating
cyclone.[137]
In a public poll conducted throughout Myanmar on 9 May 2008 by Mizzima, a
Myanmar news agency, 64% of those surveyed still intended to vote in the
referendum. However, 71% did not know what the constitution was, and 52% had
not yet decided whether they would vote to support or oppose it.[138]
### Aid distribution controversy[edit]
AP news stories stated that foreign aid provided to disaster victims was
modified to make it look like it came from the military regime, and state-run
television continuously ran images of General Than Shwe ceremonially handing
out disaster relief.[139]
More than a week after the disaster, only one out of 10 people who were
homeless, injured or threatened by disease and hunger had received some kind
of aid.[139] More than two weeks later, relief had only reached 25 percent of
people in need.[140]
Nine days after the cyclone, the military government was still refusing to
grant visas and access for aid workers into the area. The UN called for an air
or sea corridor to be opened to channel large amounts of aid,[141] and HMS
Westminster was sent to the area, alongside French and United States military
assets.[142]
### Activists respond to the blockade of aid[edit]
A Facebook.com page called Support the Relief Efforts for Burma (Myanmar)
Cyclone Disaster Victims with 10,000 members used its members to organise a
Global Day Of Action for Burma on 17 May 2008.[143] with the help of Burma
Global Action Network, Burma Campaign UK, Canadian Friends of Burma, the US
Campaign for Burma, Info Birmanie, as well as countless local partners, a
Global Day of Action for Burma a call for Humanitarian Intervention was held
on 17 May 2008, in cities worldwide. An apparent response to the junta's
blockade of aid to the Cyclone Nargis victims, the international community
called for a humanitarian corridor to get aid into the hardest hit areas of
Myanmar.[144]
## Records[edit]
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adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and
removed. (September 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Nargis set many records for its death toll and its damage. In addition, when
Nargis reached Category 4 on the SSHS on 2 May, it marked the only time that a
Category 4 storm had formed in this basin for three consecutive years:
starting with Mala (2006), going into 2007 with Sidr and Gonu, and ending with
Nargis. It was the costliest storm in the Indian Ocean cyclone basin in
recorded history at the time; it was eventually surpassed by Cyclone Amphan in
2020.
The exact death toll from Nargis will likely never be known, but it was most
likely one of the deadliest tropical cyclones in recorded history, in fact,
Nargis is the deadliest tropical cyclone of the 3rd millennium to date.
## Private relief[edit]
Several international organisations were approved to support relief efforts
within the country:
* Adventist Development and Relief Agency (ADRA) assisted survivors in the severely-affected Irrawaddy Delta by providing food aid, access to water, medical assistance, kitchen kits, and other necessary relief.
* The Aidmatrix Foundation provided an online co-ordination portal connecting businesses, groups and individuals wishing to offer products, services, or financial contributions.[145]
* The American Jewish World Service provided emergency support to local organisations responding to immediate needs.
* Architecture for Humanity provided long-term support for sustainable reconstruction of housing, schools, clinics and other critical infrastructure.
* Giving Children Hope sent emergency supplies to local partner organisations.[146]
* CARE had offices in Yangon that were damaged.[147]
* Italian aid organisation Cesvi operated in over 40 villages in the Dedaye Township.
* Chevron Corporation contributed US$2 million, of which half went to the International Federation of the Red Cross and the other half was allocated to four other organisations: the International Organization for Migration, Mercy Corps, Pact and Save the Children.[148]
* The Church World Service worked with the Myanmar Council of Churches on the relief effort.
* Direct Relief worked with several local partner groups and organisations.[149]
* Doctors Without Borders/Médecins Sans Frontières had more than 200 aid workers responding on the ground.[150]
* GlobalGiving had several targeted relief projects with grassroots organisations already in Myanmar, including the International Medical Corps and CHF International.
* Baptist World Aid operated search, rescue and medical teams, and also prepared humanitarian relief and a special water purification and clean water packing (waterbags) unit.
* Hewlett-Packard Foundation made a donation of US$250,000 via the World Food Programme (WFP).
* Lutheran World Relief worked through the Church World Service.[151]
* LDS Church delivered several tonnes of food, blankets, and other supplies.
* LIRNEasia, an Asia Pacific-based telecom think tank made their donations through Lekadhikari of Amarapura nikaya, Sri Lanka.
* Mingalar Foundation, a Myanmar-based NGO, distributed food, clean water, shelter and medicine to 37,000+ unreached people (about 7,000 families) in 9 affected areas everyday, also accepting donations online with the help of Samui Island Hotels (USA/Thailand).
* Myanmar Red Cross appealed for help and is on the ground.[152]
* Proximity Designs distributed US$17.9 million in aid to 2.49 million people following the storm and continues to help farming families rebuild through cash-for-work infrastructure projects in 214 villages throughout the Irrawaddy Delta.
* Save the Children is "one of the largest non-governmental organizations at work in Myanmar" and has launched a full scale relief effort.[153]
* Sewa International has a network of volunteers and partner organisations active in the affected areas.
* ShelterBox Australian and other Rotary International bodies are assisting. ShelterBoxes started arriving on 10 May.[154]
* UNICEF is in country and has already provided relief supplies.[155]
* Unitarian Universalist Service Committee has joined with the Unitarian Universalist Association to launch a humanitarian relief fund to help survivors of the cyclone in Myanmar. The UUSC responds strategically to crises, especially when rights are threatened or when those in need are overlooked or neglected by traditional relief approaches.
* World Relief is working with partners in the Global Relief Alliance to bring vital aid to thousands in desperate need in the aftermath of the storm.
* World Vision has 600 staff on the ground.[156]
* Nargis Action Group Myanmar Egress was involved in disaster relief operations in 4 severely damaged townships in the Delta region. In so doing, Myanmar Egress collaborated with some business companies that have been granted permission by the authorities to undertake in the rescue and relief work in several storm-hit areas in the delta. Myanmar Egress engaged in all these disaster relief activities under the name of "Nargis Action Group Myanmar".
### Impact on rice supplies[edit]
The Irrawaddy Delta is such a fertile area for rice growing that it was known
as the "rice bowl" of the British Empire.[157] Production was high enough that
Myanmar could feed its citizens a high amount of rice (by the standards of
Asia) with enough left over to sell on the market. Since Nargis hit right
around harvest, a rice shortage and famine could result. The United Nations'
Food and Agriculture Organization estimated that Nargis impacted 65% of the
country's paddies. They feel that the situation would be "devastating... if
the recent disaster results in severe rice shortages." This might exacerbate
the crisis already occurring, but it could be partially alleviated if fall and
late summer harvests were good.[158] Myanmar had since appealed for aid to
assist with getting the rice planted, as its farmers had a 40- to 50-day
window of opportunity before the season's crop would be lost.[159] The Myanmar
government estimated losses of US$10 billion because of the cyclone.[160]
## Update[edit]
The UN Human Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT) reported the extent of the
international response to date as less than 7 percent of the actual needs for
shelter after 15 months, although emergency shelter relief efforts were well
funded. It estimated about 209,000 families had rebuilt their own homes alone
over the past year. Out of US$150 million requested for shelter repair and
reconstruction under the Post Nargis Recovery Plan (PONREPP) — a three-year
recovery strategy running to 2011 — only US$50 million had been received.[161]
## See also[edit]
* flagMyanmar portal
* Tropical cyclones portal
* Burma–Thailand relations
* 1970 Bhola cyclone – The deadliest tropical cyclone recorded worldwide
* Cyclone Giri
* Cyclone Mala
* Cyclone Komen
* Cyclone Mora
* List of tropical cyclones
* List of natural disasters by death toll
* Timeline of the 2008 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
* Tropical cyclones in Myanmar
## Notes[edit]
1. ^ In prices of one bushel at the time of delivery.
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100. ^ "Fogh lufter militær nødhjælp til Myanmar" [Fogh flies military relief to Myanmar]. Jyllands-Posten Indland (in Danish). 13 May 2008. Archived from the original on 20 March 2012. Retrieved 14 May 2008.
101. ^ "Finland to send emergency assistance to Myanmar". Minister for Foreign Affairs of Finland. 7 May 2008. Archived from the original on 9 May 2008. Retrieved 7 May 2008.
102. ^ "Statement of FM Ms. Bakoyannis regarding provision of humanitarian aid to Myanmar/Burma". Greek Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 8 May 2008. Archived from the original on 9 May 2008. Retrieved 8 May 2008.
103. ^ "Volo umanitario in Myanmar" [Humanitarian flight to Myanmar] (in Italian). Minister for Foreign Affairs (Italy). 9 May 2008. Archived from the original on 13 February 2009. Retrieved 9 May 2008.
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107. ^ "Владата испраќа помош за Мјанмар" [The government sends aid to Myanmar]. Net Press (in Macedonian). 9 May 2008. Archived from the original on 10 May 2008.
108. ^ "Peters announces additional cyclone aid to Myanmar". Beehive. 23 July 2008. Archived from the original on 28 July 2008. Retrieved 4 May 2009.
109. ^ "Norway prepared to provide NOK 10 million for cyclone victims in Burma/Myanmar". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Norway. 8 May 2008. Archived from the original on 9 May 2008. Retrieved 8 May 2008.
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114. ^ [clarification needed]"Usvojen memorandum o budžetu" (in Serbian). B92. 15 May 2008. Archived from the original on 19 May 2008. Retrieved 7 August 2008.
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117. ^ "Cunta'nın İnadı Öldürüyor" [Junta's stubbornness kills]. Milliyet. 9 May 2008. Archived from the original on 12 May 2008. Retrieved 9 May 2008.
118. ^ "МЧС Украины доставило в Мьянму 40 тонн гуманитарной помощи" [Ministry of Emergency Situations of Ukraine delivered 40 tons of humanitarian aid to Myanmar] (in Russian). Корреспондент.net. 4 June 2008. Archived from the original on 12 February 2022. Retrieved 4 June 2008.
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123. ^ [clarification needed]"สมัครบินด่วนไปพม่า11พ.ค. ทูตอังกฤษขอร่วมคณะด้วย" (in Thai). Thai Rath. 9 May 2008. Archived from the original on 12 May 2008. Retrieved 9 May 2008.
124. ^ [clarification needed]"สมัครยกเลิกเดินทางไปพม่า เจ้าบ้านแถลงขอแค่สิ่งของ" (in Thai). Thai Rath. 9 May 2008. Archived from the original on 26 May 2008. Retrieved 9 May 2008.
125. ^ "UN Warns That Another Storm Is Headed Toward Myanmar". NASDAQ. 9 May 2008. Archived from the original on 12 May 2008. Retrieved 9 May 2008.
126. ^ "Let cyclone aid in 'without hindrance': UN chief to Burma leaders". CBC News. Associated Press. 9 May 2008. Archived from the original on 8 March 2022. Retrieved 9 May 2008.
127. ^ "Oxfam warns 1.5 million at risk in Myanmar". Hindustantimes.com. 11 May 2008. Archived from the original on 26 May 2008. Retrieved 31 August 2013.
128. ^ "U.S. admiral: Myanmar junta unconcerned by cyclone". Newsvine. 14 May 2008. Archived from the original on 20 May 2008.
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131. ^ "Burma 'guilty of inhuman action'". BBC Online. 17 May 2008. Archived from the original on 8 March 2022.
132. ^ "U.N. chief: Myanmar to admit all aid workers". CNN. 23 May 2008. Archived from the original on 8 March 2022. Retrieved 23 May 2008.
133. ^ Kazmin, Amy (23 May 2008). "Burma to Admit All Aid Workers". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 26 May 2008.
134. ^ a b "Burmese junta forcing cyclone victims out of emergency camps: Amnesty". CBC News. 5 June 2008. Archived from the original on 29 December 2016. Retrieved 5 June 2008.
135. ^ Aung Hla Tun (27 May 2008). "Myanmar junta unmoved and extends Suu Kyi arrest". International Herald Tribune. Archived from the original on 28 May 2008.
136. ^ "Official: UN plane lands in Myanmar with aid after cyclone". Associated Press. 8 May 2008. Archived from the original on 6 March 2016.
137. ^ "Malaysia: Hundreds Of Activists Stage Protest In Malaysia Against Myanmar Referendum". Mysinchew.com. 10 May 2008. Archived from the original on 26 May 2008. Retrieved 10 May 2008.
138. ^ "Poll finds a divided and indecisive public on referendum". Mizzima. 9 May 2008. Archived from the original on 4 May 2008. Retrieved 9 May 2008.
139. ^ a b "Myanmar junta hands out aid boxes with generals' names". International Herald Tribune. Associated Press. 10 May 2008. Archived from the original on 6 July 2008. Retrieved 11 July 2008.
140. ^ "En route to Myanmar, Ban Ki-moon says he will meet leader in effort to boost aid". Un.org. 21 May 2008. Archived from the original on 25 May 2008. Retrieved 31 August 2013.
141. ^ "Asia-Pacific | UN calls for Burma aid corridor". BBC News. 13 May 2008. Archived from the original on 14 May 2008. Retrieved 31 August 2013.
142. ^ "UK | UK Politics | Brown seeks emergency Burma talks". BBC News. 14 May 2008. Archived from the original on 16 May 2008. Retrieved 31 August 2013.
143. ^ Wong, Kristina (14 May 2008). "ABC News 'Sneaking Cyclone News Out of Myanmar to Facebook'". Abcnews.go.com. Archived from the original on 16 May 2008. Retrieved 31 August 2013.
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154. ^ Stewart, Ray. "NEWS UPDATE 8th MAY — BURMA". ShelterBox Australia. Archived from the original on 26 May 2008.
155. ^ Niles, Chris. "Myanmar, Republic of the Union of – UNICEF crisis response focuses on water and hygiene in aftermath of Cyclone Nargis". UNICEF. Archived from the original on 22 June 2008. Retrieved 31 August 2013.
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158. ^ Aileen McCabe (10 May 2008). "Cyclone Heightens Rice Crisis". Vancouver Sun. p. A21.
159. ^ Amy Kazmin (16 May 2008). "Myanmar Seeks International Help in Getting Rice Crop Planted". Vancouver Sun. p. A12.
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## Further reading[edit]
Larkin, Emma (2010). Everything is Broken: the Untold Story of Disaster under
Burma's Military Regime. Granta.
## External links[edit]
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* list
* patch
* update
* platformTypes
* Overview
* get
* list
* postalCodes
* Overview
* get
* list
* projects
* Overview
* get
* list
* regions
* Overview
* list
* remarketingListShares
* Overview
* get
* patch
* update
* remarketingLists
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* reports
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* run
* update
* reports.compatibleFields
* Overview
* query
* reports.files
* Overview
* get
* list
* sites
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* sizes
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* subaccounts
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* targetableRemarketingLists
* Overview
* get
* list
* targetingTemplates
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* userProfiles
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRolePermissionGroups
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRolePermissions
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRoles
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* videoFormats
* Overview
* get
* list
* Types
* Activities
* ChannelGrouping
* ClickThroughUrlSuffixProperties
* Compatibility
* Conversion
* ConversionStatus
* CustomRichMediaEvents
* DayPartTargeting
* DefaultClickThroughEventTagProperties
* DeliveryType
* Dimension
* DimensionValue
* EmailOwnerDeliveryType
* EncryptionInfo
* EventFilter
* EventTagOverride
* File
* FileList
* GeoTargeting
* KeyValueTargetingExpression
* LanguageTargeting
* LastModifiedInfo
* ListTargetingExpression
* LookbackConfiguration
* MatchType
* ObaIcon
* PathFilter
* PathMatchPosition
* PricingSchedule
* Recipient
* RepeatsOnWeekDays
* RunsOnDayOfMonth
* SortOrder
* SortedDimension
* TagSetting
* TechnologyTargeting
* VideoOffset
* v3.5
* Overview
* Dimensions, Metrics, and Filters
* REST Resources
* accountActiveAdSummaries
* Overview
* get
* accountPermissionGroups
* Overview
* get
* list
* accountPermissions
* Overview
* get
* list
* accountUserProfiles
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* accounts
* Overview
* get
* list
* patch
* update
* ads
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertiserGroups
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertiserLandingPages
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertisers
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* browsers
* Overview
* list
* campaignCreativeAssociations
* Overview
* insert
* list
* campaigns
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* changeLogs
* Overview
* get
* list
* cities
* Overview
* list
* connectionTypes
* Overview
* get
* list
* contentCategories
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* conversions
* Overview
* batchinsert
* batchupdate
* countries
* Overview
* get
* list
* creativeAssets
* Overview
* insert
* creativeFieldValues
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creativeFields
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creativeGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creatives
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* dimensionValues
* Overview
* query
* directorySites
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* dynamicTargetingKeys
* Overview
* delete
* insert
* list
* eventTags
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* files
* Overview
* get
* list
* floodlightActivities
* Overview
* delete
* generatetag
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* floodlightActivityGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* floodlightConfigurations
* Overview
* get
* list
* patch
* update
* inventoryItems
* Overview
* get
* list
* languages
* Overview
* list
* metros
* Overview
* list
* mobileApps
* Overview
* get
* list
* mobileCarriers
* Overview
* get
* list
* operatingSystemVersions
* Overview
* get
* list
* operatingSystems
* Overview
* get
* list
* orderDocuments
* Overview
* get
* list
* orders
* Overview
* get
* list
* placementGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* placementStrategies
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* placements
* Overview
* generatetags
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* platformTypes
* Overview
* get
* list
* postalCodes
* Overview
* get
* list
* projects
* Overview
* get
* list
* regions
* Overview
* list
* remarketingListShares
* Overview
* get
* patch
* update
* remarketingLists
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* reports
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* run
* update
* reports.compatibleFields
* Overview
* query
* reports.files
* Overview
* get
* list
* sites
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* sizes
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* subaccounts
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* targetableRemarketingLists
* Overview
* get
* list
* targetingTemplates
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* userProfiles
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRolePermissionGroups
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRolePermissions
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRoles
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* videoFormats
* Overview
* get
* list
* Types
* Activities
* ChannelGrouping
* ClickThroughUrlSuffixProperties
* Compatibility
* Conversion
* ConversionStatus
* CustomRichMediaEvents
* DayPartTargeting
* DefaultClickThroughEventTagProperties
* DeliveryType
* Dimension
* DimensionValue
* EmailOwnerDeliveryType
* EncryptionInfo
* EventFilter
* EventTagOverride
* File
* FileList
* GeoTargeting
* KeyValueTargetingExpression
* LanguageTargeting
* LastModifiedInfo
* ListTargetingExpression
* LookbackConfiguration
* MatchType
* ObaIcon
* PathFilter
* PathMatchPosition
* PricingSchedule
* Recipient
* RepeatsOnWeekDays
* RunsOnDayOfMonth
* SortOrder
* SortedDimension
* TagSetting
* TechnologyTargeting
* VideoOffset
* v3.4
* Overview
* Dimensions, Metrics, and Filters
* REST Resources
* accountActiveAdSummaries
* Overview
* get
* accountPermissionGroups
* Overview
* get
* list
* accountPermissions
* Overview
* get
* list
* accountUserProfiles
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* accounts
* Overview
* get
* list
* patch
* update
* ads
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertiserGroups
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertiserLandingPages
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertisers
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* browsers
* Overview
* list
* campaignCreativeAssociations
* Overview
* insert
* list
* campaigns
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* changeLogs
* Overview
* get
* list
* cities
* Overview
* list
* connectionTypes
* Overview
* get
* list
* contentCategories
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* conversions
* Overview
* batchinsert
* batchupdate
* countries
* Overview
* get
* list
* creativeAssets
* Overview
* insert
* creativeFieldValues
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creativeFields
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creativeGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creatives
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* dimensionValues
* Overview
* query
* directorySites
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* dynamicTargetingKeys
* Overview
* delete
* insert
* list
* eventTags
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* files
* Overview
* get
* list
* floodlightActivities
* Overview
* delete
* generatetag
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* floodlightActivityGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* floodlightConfigurations
* Overview
* get
* list
* patch
* update
* inventoryItems
* Overview
* get
* list
* languages
* Overview
* list
* metros
* Overview
* list
* mobileApps
* Overview
* get
* list
* mobileCarriers
* Overview
* get
* list
* operatingSystemVersions
* Overview
* get
* list
* operatingSystems
* Overview
* get
* list
* orderDocuments
* Overview
* get
* list
* orders
* Overview
* get
* list
* placementGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* placementStrategies
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* placements
* Overview
* generatetags
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* platformTypes
* Overview
* get
* list
* postalCodes
* Overview
* get
* list
* projects
* Overview
* get
* list
* regions
* Overview
* list
* remarketingListShares
* Overview
* get
* patch
* update
* remarketingLists
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* reports
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* run
* update
* reports.compatibleFields
* Overview
* query
* reports.files
* Overview
* get
* list
* sites
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* sizes
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* subaccounts
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* targetableRemarketingLists
* Overview
* get
* list
* targetingTemplates
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* userProfiles
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRolePermissionGroups
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRolePermissions
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRoles
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* videoFormats
* Overview
* get
* list
* Types
* Activities
* ChannelGrouping
* ClickThroughUrlSuffixProperties
* Compatibility
* Conversion
* ConversionStatus
* CustomRichMediaEvents
* DayPartTargeting
* DefaultClickThroughEventTagProperties
* DeliveryType
* Dimension
* DimensionValue
* EmailOwnerDeliveryType
* EncryptionInfo
* EventFilter
* EventTagOverride
* File
* FileList
* GeoTargeting
* KeyValueTargetingExpression
* LanguageTargeting
* LastModifiedInfo
* ListTargetingExpression
* LookbackConfiguration
* MatchType
* ObaIcon
* PathFilter
* PathMatchPosition
* PricingSchedule
* Recipient
* RepeatsOnWeekDays
* RunsOnDayOfMonth
* SortOrder
* SortedDimension
* TagSetting
* TechnologyTargeting
* VideoOffset
* v3.3
* Overview
* Dimensions, Metrics, and Filters
* REST Resources
* accountActiveAdSummaries
* Overview
* get
* accountPermissionGroups
* Overview
* get
* list
* accountPermissions
* Overview
* get
* list
* accountUserProfiles
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* accounts
* Overview
* get
* list
* patch
* update
* ads
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertiserGroups
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertiserLandingPages
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertisers
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* browsers
* Overview
* list
* campaignCreativeAssociations
* Overview
* insert
* list
* campaigns
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* changeLogs
* Overview
* get
* list
* cities
* Overview
* list
* connectionTypes
* Overview
* get
* list
* contentCategories
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* conversions
* Overview
* batchinsert
* batchupdate
* countries
* Overview
* get
* list
* creativeAssets
* Overview
* insert
* creativeFieldValues
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creativeFields
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creativeGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creatives
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* dimensionValues
* Overview
* query
* directorySites
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* dynamicTargetingKeys
* Overview
* delete
* insert
* list
* eventTags
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* files
* Overview
* get
* list
* floodlightActivities
* Overview
* delete
* generatetag
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* floodlightActivityGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* floodlightConfigurations
* Overview
* get
* list
* patch
* update
* inventoryItems
* Overview
* get
* list
* languages
* Overview
* list
* metros
* Overview
* list
* mobileApps
* Overview
* get
* list
* mobileCarriers
* Overview
* get
* list
* operatingSystemVersions
* Overview
* get
* list
* operatingSystems
* Overview
* get
* list
* orderDocuments
* Overview
* get
* list
* orders
* Overview
* get
* list
* placementGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* placementStrategies
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* placements
* Overview
* generatetags
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* platformTypes
* Overview
* get
* list
* postalCodes
* Overview
* get
* list
* projects
* Overview
* get
* list
* regions
* Overview
* list
* remarketingListShares
* Overview
* get
* patch
* update
* remarketingLists
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* reports
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* run
* update
* reports.compatibleFields
* Overview
* query
* reports.files
* Overview
* get
* list
* sites
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* sizes
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* subaccounts
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* targetableRemarketingLists
* Overview
* get
* list
* targetingTemplates
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* userProfiles
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRolePermissionGroups
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRolePermissions
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRoles
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* videoFormats
* Overview
* get
* list
* Types
* Activities
* ClickThroughUrlSuffixProperties
* Compatibility
* Conversion
* ConversionStatus
* CustomRichMediaEvents
* DayPartTargeting
* DefaultClickThroughEventTagProperties
* DeliveryType
* Dimension
* DimensionValue
* EmailOwnerDeliveryType
* EncryptionInfo
* EventTagOverride
* File
* FileList
* GeoTargeting
* KeyValueTargetingExpression
* LanguageTargeting
* LastModifiedInfo
* ListTargetingExpression
* LookbackConfiguration
* PricingSchedule
* Recipient
* RepeatsOnWeekDays
* RunsOnDayOfMonth
* SortOrder
* SortedDimension
* TagSetting
* TechnologyTargeting
* VideoOffset
* * Standard Query Parameters
* Upload Media
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2023. All users must migrate to a newer API version by that date.
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Send feedback
# Method: projects.get
Stay organized with collections Save and categorize content based on your
preferences.
Gets one project by ID.
### HTTP request
`GET
https://dfareporting.googleapis.com/dfareporting/v4/userprofiles/{profileId}/projects/{id}`
The URL uses gRPC Transcoding syntax.
### Path parameters
Parameters
`profileId`
`string (int64 format)`
User profile ID associated with this request.
`id`
`string (int64 format)`
Project ID.
### Request body
The request body must be empty.
### Response body
If successful, the response body contains an instance of `Project`.
### Authorization Scopes
Requires the following OAuth scope:
* `https://www.googleapis.com/auth/dfatrafficking`
Send feedback
Except as otherwise noted, the content of this page is licensed under the
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License, and code samples are licensed under
the Apache 2.0 License. For details, see the Google Developers Site Policies.
Java is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Last updated 2022-06-14 UTC.
[{ "type": "thumb-down", "id": "missingTheInformationINeed", "label":"Missing
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"thumb-down", "id": "samplesCodeIssue", "label":"Samples / code issue" },{
"type": "thumb-down", "id": "otherDown", "label":"Other" }] [{ "type":
"thumb-up", "id": "easyToUnderstand", "label":"Easy to understand" },{ "type":
"thumb-up", "id": "solvedMyProblem", "label":"Solved my problem" },{ "type":
"thumb-up", "id": "otherUp", "label":"Other" }] Need to tell us more?
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*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
|
spiderum_text/3292 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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Zaloguj się
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Zobacz nowe Tweety
# Rozmowa
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
Lễ không làm gì thì nghe nhạc với vào Audio Tinhte đọc bài nha ae :D
https://tinhte.vn/audio/ https://tinhte.vn/threads/tuan-nay-nghe-gi-
homecoming-the-live-album-album-moi-cua-beyonce.2948610/…
Przetłumacz Tweeta
tinhte.vn
Cộng đồng Hỏi đáp Audio
Cộng đồng Hỏi đáp Audio - Nơi thảo luận và chia sẻ kinh nghiệm
10:55 PM · 29 kwi 2019
2
Polubienia
*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
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# What Is Marketing, and Is It a Good Career Option?
* Report this post
Get Hired by LinkedIn News
### Get Hired by LinkedIn News
Published Jul 29, 2022
\+ Follow
Marketing relates to actions taken by companies to increase sales and promote
products or services. It is essential to mention that there are many sub-
facets of marketing and various careers within those areas as we define
marketing. The marketing field is continuing to gain popularity amongst job
seekers and is an excellent career option for people with the right skills.
Marketing is a term that we constantly hear, yet many don’t know precisely
what it means. When someone hears “marketing,” they may think of a television
commercial or an ad they spotted on a Google search results page.
The reason that it is so hard to define marketing is that it has multiple
layers. A marketing campaign doesn’t start and end with an advertisement or a
post on social media.
Many marketers are involved in creating and monitoring a marketing effort.
Some of the most effective marketing strategies today happen without people
noticing them, and this is all thanks to the marketers working behind the
scenes.
Because marketing is such a prevalent industry today, many want to join the
field. The good news is that there are plenty of opportunities available in
marketing related to different skills, interests and levels of expertise.
Learn about marketing and the various career options available below.
## Marketing Defined
Marketing is any process related to promoting or selling products and
services. This would include:
* Market research
* Product development
* Advertising
* Selling
* Distribution
* Delivery
Marketing is a very broad field, so many different roles are available to
professionals seeking employment in the industry.
The overall goal of marketing is to gain the attention and interest of target
audiences. Marketers accomplish this in a variety of ways, including:
* Eye-catching packaging
* Advertisements (commercials, banner ads, billboards, etc.)
* Event sponsorships
* Partnerships
## Marketing vs. Advertising
Marketing helps brands show consumers how a product or service will meet
their needs.
Advertising is promoting the brand, products and services so that consumers
gain exposure and want to make a purchase. When advertising, companies will
pay to have a message or brand placed in a specific location.
Advertising is a component of a marketing strategy, but not all marketing
efforts specifically relate to advertising.
## How Has Marketing Evolved in Recent Years?
One of the only constants in marketing is that it is always changing.
Since modernized marketing strategies started in the 1950s, companies have
been working toward figuring out how to do things better than competitors and
appeal to wider audiences. Marketing became more about understanding and
engaging consumers with products or services than directly selling to them.
Women seated around a table discussing a marketing plan, while one woman
stands near a diagram as she speaks.
In more recent years, marketing has become reliant on technology. Smartphones
are widespread, social media use is on the rise and the internet of things
(IoT) continues to grow. Consumers are more knowledgeable today and can search
for any product or service they want on search engines.
The fundamental changes that have occurred in recent years include:
* Authentic messaging
* Managing consumer experience
* Leveraging IoT technology
* Focusing on mobile-friendliness
* Engaging on social platforms
### The Rise of Digital Marketing
Digital marketing refers to all marketing efforts that happen online. This
encompasses many marketing strategies, including social media marketing,
search engine optimization and display advertising.
Brad Batesole, partner at Madecraft and marketing author at LinkedIn,
emphasizes in his Digital Marketing Foundations LinkedIn Learning course that
today’s digital marketing tools and techniques are constantly evolving. He
further explains that because of this, it is more critical than ever to
understand this field and be able to “cut through the noise,” to engage
potential customers and grow business.
Many people worldwide use the internet today, so digital marketing has become
a common part of marketing campaigns due to its potential reach. Additionally,
digital marketing efforts tend to cost less than traditional marketing
methods, which leads to more flexibility and expansion.
Using data, marketing professionals can track and analyze how campaigns are
performing. Market research into online consumer behaviors (and desires) helps
create strong digital marketing strategies.
## Careers in Marketing
Marketing has many sub-facets, such as public relations, sales and content,
so there are various career options within those areas to explore.
Advertising careers include:
* Project manager
* Media buyer
* Promotions coordinator
* Copywriter
Content careers include:
* Content writer
* Digital brand manager
* Social media coordinator
* SEO manager
Market research careers include:
* Digital marketing analyst
* Marketing manager
* Qualitative research assistant
* Insights analyst
Sales careers include:
* Account coordinator
* Marketing associate
* Sales consultant
* Business development analyst
Public relations careers include:
* Publicity director
* Media relations coordinator
* Communications assistant
* Public relations representative
There are other areas of marketing as well, such as brand marketing or
eCommerce, which include more possible titles and opportunities. Depending on
your interests and talents, several possible career options are open in the
vast marketing field.
## Is Marketing a Good Career Option for You?
Having the right skills and aptitudes to succeed in marketing is essential,
as it isn’t the perfect field for everyone. Some of those include:
* Flexibility
* Communication skills
* Problem-solving skills
* Creativity
* Curiosity
* Leadership skills
* Attention to detail
* Critical thinking
Anyone serious about a career in marketing would benefit from a bachelor’s
degree. Degrees in marketing, business, psychology and other related fields
are beneficial to helping a new professional excel quickly.
Learning from those already in the field can help you gain insight into this
career path. As Austin Belcak, the founder of Cultivated Culture, says, “Find
people who have come from a similar starting point and seen success. Connect
with them and prioritize their advice.” Asking questions and obtaining
guidance can assist you in making the right choice for your professional
career.
Additionally, completing internships is an excellent way to gain real-life
experience before joining the marketing industry. You’ll learn many skills
required for success and gain exposure to marketers' daily processes and
tools.
### Top Takeaways
### What is marketing, and is it a good career option?
* We define marketing as a brand's actions to promote or sell products and services.
* Marketing methods continue to evolve, but digital marketing has become a massive component of marketing strategies in recent years.
* There are various careers in marketing, from public relations to advertising to data analytics.
* Marketing is a fantastic career option for people that dedicate time to building the essential skills and learning best practices.
(Reporting by NPD and Helen Harris)
35 1 Comment
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Fatima Al Husseiny 🇱🇧
Yes it is 🔥
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# firestore#delete not working with the emulator after more or less recent
change #3084
Closed
NeverwinterMoon opened this issue Jan 27, 2021 · 3 comments · Fixed by #3099
Closed
# firestore#delete not working with the emulator after more or less recent
change #3084
NeverwinterMoon opened this issue Jan 27, 2021 · 3 comments · Fixed by #3099
Assignees
@bkendall
## Comments
@NeverwinterMoon
Copy link
###
NeverwinterMoon commented Jan 27, 2021 •
edited
### [REQUIRED] Environment info
firebase-tools:9.2.2
Platform:macOS
### [REQUIRED] Test case
Check the steps to reproduce. It does not require anything else. Downgrading
firebase-tools to, say, 8.16.2, works with that same code.
### [REQUIRED] Steps to reproduce
Have emulators running, then
process.env.FIREBASE_AUTH_EMULATOR_HOST = 'localhost:9099'
process.env.FIRESTORE_EMULATOR_HOST = 'localhost:8080'
process.env.NODE_ENV = 'development'
process.env.FIREBASE_TOKEN = 'FAKE_TOKEN'
firebaseTools.firestore.delete(userRef.path, {
project: admin.instanceId().app.options.projectId,
recursive: true,
yes: true
})
### [REQUIRED] Expected behavior
Before this commit (`9d90a94`), which added apiv2 to requireAuth.ts, having
`process.env.FIREBASE_TOKEN = 'FAKE_TOKEN'` was enough to work with the local
emulator. After this change, it's not possible.
There was a fix for api.js here (https://github.com/firebase/firebase-
tools/pull/2211/files/3a7515e2339c571d1f389ecd42dfc597703ea06e#diff-06572a96a58dc510037d5efa622f9bec8519bc1beab13c9f251e97e657a9d4ed)
which uses `var getTokenPromise = secureRequest ? api.getAccessToken() :
Promise.resolve({ access_token: "owner" });`. apiv2 on the other hand has just
`const token = await this.getAccessToken()`
### [REQUIRED] Actual behavior
Error is returned: "Failed to fetch page after undefined FirebaseError: HTTP
Error: 400, invalid jwt" from apiv2.js
The text was updated successfully, but these errors were encountered:
All reactions
@samtstern samtstern assigned bkendall Jan 27, 2021
@samtstern
Copy link
Contributor
###
samtstern commented Jan 27, 2021
@NeverwinterMoon thanks for the detailed bug! What happens if you don't set
`FIREBASE_TOKEN` at all?
Assigning to @bkendall since this looks like an apiv2 regression.
All reactions
Sorry, something went wrong.
@NeverwinterMoon
Copy link
Author
###
NeverwinterMoon commented Jan 27, 2021
Without setting `FIREBASE_TOKEN` environment variable it will fail even
earlier, at `requireAuth`, with `Failed to authenticate` as it requires either
process.env.FIREBASE_TOKEN or firebase login on the machine where it's
running.
I actually found out that setting `process.env.FIREBASE_TOKEN` to `owner`
(similarly to what `api.js` does in the aforementioned change) works with the
latest `firebase-tools`. Nonetheless, api1 did set this automatically to
`owner` no matter what value was set to `FIREBASE_TOKEN` and api2 doesn't...
Overall, I think it might make sense to at least document these things. I love
the possibility to use emulators not only for local development (in this case
I have firebase login, so no token setting is necessary) but also for the
automated tests and setting up some of the things, like using Firebase CLI
tools against the emulator, is somewhat troublesome.
All reactions
Sorry, something went wrong.
@NeverwinterMoon
Copy link
Author
###
NeverwinterMoon commented Jan 28, 2021
I was wrong, the above does not help, must have mixed some up. apiv2 just
fails after response `deletePath:initialDelete:error FirebaseError: HTTP
Error: 401, Request had invalid authentication credentials. Expected OAuth 2
access token, login cookie or other valid authentication credential.`.
Anyway, my idea was to be able to run tests against emulators without the need
to having the actual authentication. As far as I read, only the hosting
emulator requires the authentication. Furthermore, this did work for me for
some time before I've updated firebase-tools.
All reactions
Sorry, something went wrong.
@bkendall bkendall mentioned this issue Jan 29, 2021
fixes support for calls against local emulators as admin #3099
Merged
@bkendall bkendall closed this as completed in #3099 Feb 1, 2021
This was referenced Mar 9, 2021
fix(deps): bump firebase-tools from 8.12.1 to 9.6.0 paulobef/typocool2#173
Closed
build(deps-dev): Bump firebase-tools from 9.0.1 to 9.6.0 in /tools
theswerd/app#65
Closed
build(deps-dev): Bump firebase-tools from 9.1.0 to 9.6.0 in /tools
clementmouchet/app#17
Closed
chore(deps-dev): bump firebase-tools from 8.15.0 to 9.6.1 mktia/ogp-
generator#72
Closed
fix(deps): bump firebase-tools from 8.12.1 to 9.6.1 paulobef/typocool2#176
Closed
build(deps-dev): Bump firebase-tools from 9.1.0 to 9.6.1 in /tools
ishandeveloper/app#299
Closed
Bump firebase-tools from 8.4.3 to 9.6.1 ZenUml/web-sequence#253
Closed
build(deps-dev): bump firebase-tools from 8.9.2 to 9.6.1 in /tools
mrebuffet/app#83
Closed
Bump firebase-tools from 8.11.0 to 9.6.1 QingqiShi/fier-functions#268
Closed
build(deps-dev): Bump firebase-tools from 9.1.0 to 9.6.1 in /tools
britannio/who-covid-19-app#80
Closed
Bump firebase-tools from 8.2.0 to 9.6.1 in /frontend/ParkSpace
SGSE-2020/MS_Parkplatz#186
Closed
build(deps-dev): bump firebase-tools from 8.13.0 to 9.6.1 in /tools
madvay/who-covid-app#90
Closed
build(deps-dev): Bump firebase-tools from 9.0.1 to 9.6.1 in /tools
theswerd/app#67
Closed
build(deps-dev): bump firebase-tools from 8.13.0 to 9.6.1 in /tools
jasonTelanoff/app#42
Closed
build(deps-dev): Bump firebase-tools from 9.1.0 to 9.6.1 in /tools
matthewblain/app#41
Closed
build(deps-dev): Bump firebase-tools from 9.0.1 to 9.6.1 in /tools
mhpillonetto/VF_pee2020#28
Closed
Bump firebase-tools from 9.2.1 to 9.6.1 oldgeese/dnd35-character-database#124
Closed
build(deps-dev): Bump firebase-tools from 9.0.1 to 9.6.1 in /tools
Landermanlima/VFpee2020#28
Closed
⬆️ Bump firebase-tools from 8.18.0 to 9.6.1 rionlabs/kanji.sh#60
Closed
build(deps-dev): Bump firebase-tools from 9.1.0 to 9.6.1 in /tools
clementmouchet/app#19
Closed
Bump firebase-tools from 8.13.1 to 9.6.1 in /cloud_actions/functions
rowyio/rowy#383
Closed
Bump firebase-tools from 9.2.2 to 9.6.1 in /FT_functions/functions
rowyio/rowy#388
Closed
Bump firebase-tools from 8.18.1 to 9.6.1 in /FT_functions/compiler
rowyio/rowy#397
Closed
Bump firebase-tools from 8.9.2 to 9.6.1 gdgcloudtorino/hoverboard#212
Closed
This was referenced Mar 12, 2021
Bump firebase-tools from 8.12.0 to 9.6.1 gdgmadison/devfestwi-com#242
Closed
chore(deps-dev): bump firebase-tools from 9.2.1 to 9.6.1
Kartik1397/excalidraw#229
Closed
chore(deps-dev): bump firebase-tools from 8.19.0 to 9.6.1
Pandinosaurus/excalidraw#805
Closed
chore(deps-dev): bump firebase-tools from 9.1.2 to 9.6.1 ypcrts/excalidraw#158
Closed
chore(deps-dev): bump firebase-tools from 8.19.0 to 9.6.1
steveruizok/excalidraw#191
Closed
chore(deps-dev): bump firebase-tools from 9.1.2 to 9.6.1
Ares2013/excalidraw#160
Closed
chore(deps-dev): bump firebase-tools from 8.19.0 to 9.6.1
em3ndez/excalidraw#483
Closed
Bump firebase-tools from 8.17.0 to 9.6.1 dai-shi/excalidraw#206
Closed
Bump firebase-tools from 8.14.1 to 9.6.1 toku345/sandbox#27
Closed
Bump firebase-tools from 8.16.2 to 9.6.1 toku345/blog#27
Closed
Bump firebase-tools from 9.2.2 to 9.6.1 bookcreator/firebase-database-
pagination#52
Closed
Bump firebase-tools from 9.2.1 to 9.6.1 peterbe/groce#179
Closed
Bump firebase-tools from 8.20.0 to 9.6.1 Herobone/React-Template#10
Closed
Bump firebase-tools from 8.12.0 to 9.6.1 Snickdx/hoverboard#149
Closed
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fixes support for calls against local emulators as admin firebase/firebase-
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Privacy & Terms
# Google
## Privacy & Terms
* Overview
* Privacy Policy
* Terms of Service
* Technologies
* FAQ
* Google Account
* Privacy Policy
* Introduction
* Information Google collects
* Why Google collects data
* Your privacy controls
* Sharing your information
* Keeping your information secure
* Exporting & deleting your information
* Retaining your information
* Compliance & cooperation with regulators
* About this policy
* Related privacy practices
* Data transfer frameworks
* Key terms
* Partners
* Updates
# Google Privacy Policy
When you use our services, you’re trusting us with your information. We
understand this is a big responsibility and work hard to protect your
information and put you in control.
This Privacy Policy is meant to help you understand what information we
collect, why we collect it, and how you can update, manage, export, and delete
your information.
Privacy Checkup
Looking to change your privacy settings?
Take the Privacy Checkup
Effective December 15, 2022 | Archived versions | Download PDF
## Contents
Introduction
Information Google collects
Why Google collects data
Your privacy controls
Sharing your information
Keeping your information secure
Exporting & deleting your information
Retaining your information
Compliance & cooperation with regulators
About this policy
Related privacy practices
We build a range of services that help millions of people daily to explore and
interact with the world in new ways. Our services include:
* Google apps, sites, and devices, like Search, YouTube, and Google Home
* Platforms like the Chrome browser and Android operating system
* Products that are integrated into third-party apps and sites, like ads, analytics, and embedded Google Maps
You can use our services in a variety of ways to manage your privacy. For
example, you can sign up for a Google Account if you want to create and manage
content like emails and photos, or see more relevant search results. And you
can use many Google services when you’re signed out or without creating an
account at all, like searching on Google or watching YouTube videos. You can
also choose to browse the web in a private mode, like Chrome Incognito mode.
And across our services, you can adjust your privacy settings to control what
we collect and how your information is used.
To help explain things as clearly as possible, we’ve added examples,
explanatory videos, and definitions for key terms. And if you have any
questions about this Privacy Policy, you can contact us.
# Information Google collects
We want you to understand the types of information we collect as you use our
services
We collect information to provide better services to all our users — from
figuring out basic stuff like which language you speak, to more complex things
like which ads you’ll find most useful, the people who matter most to you
online, or which YouTube videos you might like. The information Google
collects, and how that information is used, depends on how you use our
services and how you manage your privacy controls.
When you’re not signed in to a Google Account, we store the information we
collect with unique identifiers tied to the browser, application, or device
you’re using. This allows us to do things like maintain your preferences
across browsing sessions, such as your preferred language or whether to show
you more relevant search results or ads based on your activity.
When you’re signed in, we also collect information that we store with your
Google Account, which we treat as personal information.
## Things you create or provide to us
When you create a Google Account, you provide us with personal information
that includes your name and a password. You can also choose to add a phone
number or payment information to your account. Even if you aren’t signed in to
a Google Account, you might choose to provide us with information — like an
email address to communicate with Google or receive updates about our
services.
We also collect the content you create, upload, or receive from others when
using our services. This includes things like email you write and receive,
photos and videos you save, docs and spreadsheets you create, and comments you
make on YouTube videos.
## Information we collect as you use our services
### Your apps, browsers & devices
We collect information about the apps, browsers, and devices you use to access
Google services, which helps us provide features like automatic product
updates and dimming your screen if your battery runs low.
The information we collect includes unique identifiers, browser type and
settings, device type and settings, operating system, mobile network
information including carrier name and phone number, and application version
number. We also collect information about the interaction of your apps,
browsers, and devices with our services, including IP address, crash reports,
system activity, and the date, time, and referrer URL of your request.
We collect this information when a Google service on your device contacts our
servers — for example, when you install an app from the Play Store or when a
service checks for automatic updates. If you’re using an Android device with
Google apps, your device periodically contacts Google servers to provide
information about your device and connection to our services. This information
includes things like your device type and carrier name, crash reports, which
apps you've installed, and, depending on your device settings, other
information about how you’re using your Android device.
### Your activity
We collect information about your activity in our services, which we use to do
things like recommend a YouTube video you might like. The activity information
we collect may include:
* Terms you search for
* Videos you watch
* Views and interactions with content and ads
* Voice and audio information
* Purchase activity
* People with whom you communicate or share content
* Activity on third-party sites and apps that use our services
* Chrome browsing history you’ve synced with your Google Account
If you use our services to make and receive calls or send and receive
messages, we may collect call and message log information like your phone
number, calling-party number, receiving-party number, forwarding numbers,
sender and recipient email address, time and date of calls and messages,
duration of calls, routing information, and types and volumes of calls and
messages.
You can visit your Google Account to find and manage activity information
that’s saved in your account.
Go to Google Account
### Your location information
We collect information about your location when you use our services, which
helps us offer features like driving directions, search results for things
near you, and ads based on your general location.
Your location can be determined with varying degrees of accuracy by:
* GPS and other sensor data from your device
* IP address
* Activity on Google services, such as your searches and places you label like home or work
* Information about things near your device, such as Wi-Fi access points, cell towers, and Bluetooth-enabled devices
The types of location data we collect and how long we store it depend in part
on your device and account settings. For example, you can turn your Android
device’s location on or off using the device’s settings app. You can also turn
on Location History if you want to create a private map of where you go with
your signed-in devices. And if your Web & App Activity setting is enabled,
your searches and other activity from Google services, which may also include
location information, is saved to your Google Account. Learn more about how we
use location information.
* * *
In some circumstances, Google also collects information about you from
publicly accessible sources. For example, if your name appears in your local
newspaper, Google’s Search engine may index that article and display it to
other people if they search for your name. We may also collect information
about you from trusted partners, such as directory services who provide us
with business information to be displayed on Google’s services, marketing
partners who provide us with information about potential customers of our
business services, and security partners who provide us with information to
protect against abuse. We also receive information from advertising partners
to provide advertising and research services on their behalf.
We use various technologies to collect and store information, including
cookies, pixel tags, local storage, such as browser web storage or application
data caches, databases, and server logs.
# Why Google collects data
We use data to build better services
We use the information we collect from all our services for the following
purposes:
### Provide our services
We use your information to deliver our services, like processing the terms you
search for in order to return results or helping you share content by
suggesting recipients from your contacts.
### Maintain & improve our services
We also use your information to ensure our services are working as intended,
such as tracking outages or troubleshooting issues that you report to us. And
we use your information to make improvements to our services — for example,
understanding which search terms are most frequently misspelled helps us
improve spell-check features used across our services.
### Develop new services
We use the information we collect in existing services to help us develop new
ones. For example, understanding how people organized their photos in Picasa,
Google’s first photos app, helped us design and launch Google Photos.
### Provide personalized services, including content and ads
We use the information we collect to customize our services for you, including
providing recommendations, personalized content, and customized search
results. For example, Security Checkup provides security tips adapted to how
you use Google products. And Google Play uses information like apps you’ve
already installed and videos you’ve watched on YouTube to suggest new apps you
might like.
Depending on your settings, we may also show you personalized ads based on
your interests. For example, if you search for “mountain bikes,” you may see
an ad for sports equipment when you’re browsing a site that shows ads served
by Google. You can control what information we use to show you ads by visiting
your ad settings in My Ad Center.
* We don’t show you personalized ads based on sensitive categories, such as race, religion, sexual orientation, or health.
* We don’t show you personalized ads based on your content from Drive, Gmail, or Photos.
* We don’t share information that personally identifies you with advertisers, such as your name or email, unless you ask us to. For example, if you see an ad for a nearby flower shop and select the “tap to call” button, we’ll connect your call and may share your phone number with the flower shop.
Go to My Ad Center
### Measure performance
We use data for analytics and measurement to understand how our services are
used. For example, we analyze data about your visits to our sites to do things
like optimize product design. And we also use data about the ads you interact
with to help advertisers understand the performance of their ad campaigns. We
use a variety of tools to do this, including Google Analytics. When you visit
sites or use apps that use Google Analytics, a Google Analytics customer may
choose to enable Google to link information about your activity from that site
or app with activity from other sites or apps that use our ad services.
### Communicate with you
We use information we collect, like your email address, to interact with you
directly. For example, we may send you a notification if we detect suspicious
activity, like an attempt to sign in to your Google Account from an unusual
location. Or we may let you know about upcoming changes or improvements to our
services. And if you contact Google, we’ll keep a record of your request in
order to help solve any issues you might be facing.
### Protect Google, our users, and the public
We use information to help improve the safety and reliability of our services.
This includes detecting, preventing, and responding to fraud, abuse, security
risks, and technical issues that could harm Google, our users, or the public.
* * *
We use different technologies to process your information for these purposes.
We use automated systems that analyze your content to provide you with things
like customized search results, personalized ads, or other features tailored
to how you use our services. And we analyze your content to help us detect
abuse such as spam, malware, and illegal content. We also use algorithms to
recognize patterns in data. For example, Google Translate helps people
communicate across languages by detecting common language patterns in phrases
you ask it to translate.
We may combine the information we collect among our services and across your
devices for the purposes described above. For example, if you watch videos of
guitar players on YouTube, you might see an ad for guitar lessons on a site
that uses our ad products. Depending on your account settings, your activity
on other sites and apps may be associated with your personal information in
order to improve Google’s services and the ads delivered by Google.
If other users already have your email address or other information that
identifies you, we may show them your publicly visible Google Account
information, such as your name and photo. This helps people identify an email
coming from you, for example.
We’ll ask for your consent before using your information for a purpose that
isn’t covered in this Privacy Policy.
# Your privacy controls
You have choices regarding the information we collect and how it's used
This section describes key controls for managing your privacy across our
services. You can also visit the Privacy Checkup, which provides an
opportunity to review and adjust important privacy settings. In addition to
these tools, we also offer specific privacy settings in our products — you can
learn more in our Product Privacy Guide.
Go to Privacy Checkup
## Managing, reviewing, and updating your information
When you’re signed in, you can always review and update information by
visiting the services you use. For example, Photos and Drive are both designed
to help you manage specific types of content you’ve saved with Google.
We also built a place for you to review and control information saved in your
Google Account. Your Google Account includes:
### Privacy controls
### Activity Controls
Decide what types of activity you’d like saved in your account. For example,
if you have YouTube History turned on, the videos you watch and the things you
search for are saved in your account so you can get better recommendations and
remember where you left off. And if you have Web & App Activity turned on,
your searches and activity from other Google services are saved in your
account so you can get more personalized experiences like faster searches and
more helpful app and content recommendations. Web & App Activity also has a
subsetting that lets you control whether information about your activity on
other sites, apps, and devices that use Google services, such as apps you
install and use on Android, is saved in your Google Account and used to
improve Google services.
Go to Activity Controls
### Ad settings
Manage your preferences about the ads shown to you on Google and on sites and
apps that partner with Google to show ads. You can modify your interests,
choose whether your personal information is used to make ads more relevant to
you, and turn on or off certain advertising services.
Go to My Ad Center
### About you
Manage personal info in your Google Account and control who can see it across
Google services.
Go to About You
### Shared endorsements
Choose whether your name and photo appear next to your activity, like reviews
and recommendations, that appear in ads.
Go to Shared Endorsements
### Sites and apps that use Google services
Manage information that websites and apps using Google services, like Google
Analytics, may share with Google when you visit or interact with their
services.
Go to How Google uses information from sites or apps that use our services
### Ways to review & update your information
### My Activity
My Activity allows you to review and control data that’s saved to your Google
Account when you’re signed in and using Google services, like searches you’ve
done or your visits to Google Play. You can browse by date and by topic, and
delete part or all of your activity.
Go to My Activity
### Google Dashboard
Google Dashboard allows you to manage information associated with specific
products.
Go to Dashboard
### Your personal information
Manage your contact information, such as your name, email, and phone number.
Go to Personal Info
When you’re signed out, you can manage information associated with your
browser or device, including:
* Signed-out search personalization: Choose whether your search activity is used to offer you more relevant results and recommendations.
* YouTube settings: Pause and delete your YouTube Search History and your YouTube Watch History.
* Ad Settings: Manage your preferences about the ads shown to you on Google and on sites and apps that partner with Google to show ads.
## Exporting, removing & deleting your information
You can export a copy of content in your Google Account if you want to back it
up or use it with a service outside of Google.
Export your data
To delete your information, you can:
* Delete your content from specific Google services
* Search for and then delete specific items from your account using My Activity
* Delete specific Google products, including your information associated with those products
* Delete your entire Google Account
Delete your information
Inactive Account Manager allows you to give someone else access to parts of
your Google Account in case you’re unexpectedly unable to use your account.
And finally, you can also request to remove content from specific Google
services based on applicable law and our policies.
* * *
There are other ways to control the information Google collects whether or not
you’re signed in to a Google Account, including:
* Browser settings: For example, you can configure your browser to indicate when Google has set a cookie in your browser. You can also configure your browser to block all cookies from a specific domain or all domains. But remember that our services rely on cookies to function properly, for things like remembering your language preferences.
* Device-level settings: Your device may have controls that determine what information we collect. For example, you can modify location settings on your Android device.
# Sharing your information
## When you share your information
Many of our services let you share information with other people, and you have
control over how you share. For example, you can share videos on YouTube
publicly or you can decide to keep your videos private. Remember, when you
share information publicly, your content may become accessible through search
engines, including Google Search.
When you’re signed in and interact with some Google services, like leaving
comments on a YouTube video or reviewing an app in Play, your name and photo
appear next to your activity. We may also display this information in ads
depending on your Shared endorsements setting.
## When Google shares your information
We do not share your personal information with companies, organizations, or
individuals outside of Google except in the following cases:
### With your consent
We’ll share personal information outside of Google when we have your consent.
For example, if you use Google Home to make a reservation through a booking
service, we’ll get your permission before sharing your name or phone number
with the restaurant. We also provide you with controls to review and manage
third party apps and sites you have given access to data in your Google
Account. We’ll ask for your explicit consent to share any sensitive personal
information.
### With domain administrators
If you’re a student or work for an organization that uses Google services,
your domain administrator and resellers who manage your account will have
access to your Google Account. They may be able to:
* Access and retain information stored in your account, like your email
* View statistics regarding your account, like how many apps you install
* Change your account password
* Suspend or terminate your account access
* Receive your account information in order to satisfy applicable law, regulation, legal process, or enforceable governmental request
* Restrict your ability to delete or edit your information or your privacy settings
### For external processing
We provide personal information to our affiliates and other trusted businesses
or persons to process it for us, based on our instructions and in compliance
with our Privacy Policy and any other appropriate confidentiality and security
measures. For example, we use service providers to help operate our data
centers, deliver our products and services, improve our internal business
processes, and offer additional support to customers and users. We also use
service providers to help review YouTube video content for public safety and
analyze and listen to samples of saved user audio to help improve Google’s
audio recognition technologies.
### For legal reasons
We will share personal information outside of Google if we have a good-faith
belief that access, use, preservation, or disclosure of the information is
reasonably necessary to:
* Meet any applicable law, regulation, legal process, or enforceable governmental request. We share information about the number and type of requests we receive from governments in our Transparency Report.
* Enforce applicable Terms of Service, including investigation of potential violations.
* Detect, prevent, or otherwise address fraud, security, or technical issues.
* Protect against harm to the rights, property or safety of Google, our users, or the public as required or permitted by law.
We may share non-personally identifiable information publicly and with our
partners — like publishers, advertisers, developers, or rights holders. For
example, we share information publicly to show trends about the general use of
our services. We also allow specific partners to collect information from your
browser or device for advertising and measurement purposes using their own
cookies or similar technologies.
If Google is involved in a merger, acquisition, or sale of assets, we’ll
continue to ensure the confidentiality of your personal information and give
affected users notice before personal information is transferred or becomes
subject to a different privacy policy.
# Keeping your information secure
We build security into our services to protect your information
All Google products are built with strong security features that continuously
protect your information. The insights we gain from maintaining our services
help us detect and automatically block security threats from ever reaching
you. And if we do detect something risky that we think you should know about,
we’ll notify you and help guide you through steps to stay better protected.
We work hard to protect you and Google from unauthorized access, alteration,
disclosure, or destruction of information we hold, including:
* We use encryption to keep your data private while in transit
* We offer a range of security features, like Safe Browsing, Security Checkup, and 2 Step Verification to help you protect your account
* We review our information collection, storage, and processing practices, including physical security measures, to prevent unauthorized access to our systems
* We restrict access to personal information to Google employees, contractors, and agents who need that information in order to process it. Anyone with this access is subject to strict contractual confidentiality obligations and may be disciplined or terminated if they fail to meet these obligations.
# Exporting & deleting your information
You can export a copy of your information or delete it from your Google
Account at any time
You can export a copy of content in your Google Account if you want to back it
up or use it with a service outside of Google.
Export your data
To delete your information, you can:
* Delete your content from specific Google services
* Search for and then delete specific items from your account using My Activity
* Delete specific Google products, including your information associated with those products
* Delete your entire Google Account
Delete your information
# Retaining your information
We retain the data we collect for different periods of time depending on what
it is, how we use it, and how you configure your settings:
* Some data you can delete whenever you like, such as your personal info or the content you create or upload, like photos and documents. You can also delete activity information saved in your account, or choose to have it deleted automatically after a set period of time. We’ll keep this data in your Google Account until you remove it or choose to have it removed.
* Other data is deleted or anonymized automatically after a set period of time, such as advertising data in server logs.
* We keep some data until you delete your Google Account, such as information about how often you use our services.
* And some data we retain for longer periods of time when necessary for legitimate business or legal purposes, such as security, fraud and abuse prevention, or financial record-keeping.
When you delete data, we follow a deletion process to make sure that your data
is safely and completely removed from our servers or retained only in
anonymized form. We try to ensure that our services protect information from
accidental or malicious deletion. Because of this, there may be delays between
when you delete something and when copies are deleted from our active and
backup systems.
You can read more about Google’s data retention periods, including how long it
takes us to delete your information.
# Compliance & cooperation with regulators
We regularly review this Privacy Policy and make sure that we process your
information in ways that comply with it.
## Data transfers
We maintain servers around the world and your information may be processed on
servers located outside of the country where you live. Data protection laws
vary among countries, with some providing more protection than others.
Regardless of where your information is processed, we apply the same
protections described in this policy. We also comply with certain legal
frameworks relating to the transfer of data.
When we receive formal written complaints, we respond by contacting the person
who made the complaint. We work with the appropriate regulatory authorities,
including local data protection authorities, to resolve any complaints
regarding the transfer of your data that we cannot resolve with you directly.
## U.S. state law requirements
Some U.S. state privacy laws like the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA)
and Virginia Consumer Data Protection Act (VCDPA) require specific disclosures
for state residents.
This Privacy Policy is designed to help you understand how Google handles your
information:
* We explain the categories of information Google collects and the sources of that information in Information Google collects.
* We explain how Google uses information in Why Google collects data.
* We explain when Google may disclose information in Sharing your information. Google does not sell your personal information. Google also does not “share” your personal information as that term is defined in the CCPA.
* We explain how Google retains information in Retaining your information. You can also learn more about how Google anonymizes data. As described there, when Google anonymizes data to protect your privacy, we maintain policies and technical measures to avoid re-identifying that information.
State laws like the CCPA and VCDPA also provide the right to request
information about how Google collects, uses, and discloses your information.
And they give you the right to access and correct your information, and to
request that Google delete that information. The VCDPA also provides the right
to opt out of certain forms of profiling and targeted advertising. Finally,
the CCPA and VCDPA provide the right to not be discriminated against for
exercising these privacy rights.
We describe the choices you have to manage your privacy and data across
Google’s services in Your privacy controls. These tools allow you to access,
review, update and delete your information, as well as export and download a
copy of it. You can also control what information we use to show you ads, or
turn off personalized ads, by visiting My Ad Center.
When you use these tools, we’ll validate your request by verifying that you’re
signed in to your Google Account. If you have questions or requests related to
your rights under the CCPA or VCDPA, you (or your authorized agent) can also
contact Google. And if you disagree with the decision on your request, you can
ask Google to reconsider it by responding to the team’s email.
You can find more information on Google’s handling of CCPA requests.
The CCPA also requires a description of data practices using specific
categories. This table uses these categories to organize the information in
this Privacy Policy.
### Categories of information we collect
Identifiers and similar information such as your name and password, phone
number, and address, as well as unique identifiers tied to the browser,
application, or device you’re using. Some Google services like YouTube Studio
provide the option to submit a valid ID (such as a passport or driver’s
license) to verify your identity to use additional features.
Demographic information, such as your age, gender and language. If you choose
to use optional features like YouTube Creator Demographics, you can also
provide additional information, like your gender identity or race and
ethnicity.
Commercial information such as your payment information and a history of
purchases you make on Google’s services.
Biometric information if you choose to provide it, such as fingerprints in
Google’s product development studies.
Internet, network, and other activity information such as your search terms;
views and interactions with content and ads; Chrome browsing history you’ve
synced with your Google Account; information about the interaction of your
apps, browsers, and devices with our services (like IP address, crash reports,
and system activity); and activity on third-party sites and apps that use our
services. You can review and control activity data stored in your Google
Account in My Activity.
Geolocation data, such as may be determined by GPS, IP address, and other data
from sensors on or around your device, depending in part on your device and
account settings. Depending on these settings, this may include precise
location data, for example GPS data for Android features like navigation or
finding your phone. Learn more about Google’s use of location information.
Audio, electronic, visual, and similar information, such as voice and audio
information.
Communications data, such as emails, if you use our services to send and
receive messages.
Health information if you choose to provide it, such as your medical history,
vital signs and health metrics (like blood glucose levels), and other similar
information related to your physical or mental health, in the course of using
Google services that offer health-related features, such as the Google Health
Studies app.
Professional, employment, and education information, such as information you
provide or that is maintained through an organization using Google services at
which you study or work.
Other information you create or provide, such as the content you create,
upload, or receive (like photos and videos or emails, docs and spreadsheets).
Google Dashboard allows you to manage information associated with specific
products.
Inferences drawn from the above, like your ads interest categories.
### Business purposes for which information may be used or disclosed
Protecting against security threats, abuse, and illegal activity: Google uses
and may disclose information to detect, prevent and respond to security
incidents, and for protecting against other malicious, deceptive, fraudulent,
or illegal activity. For example, to protect our services, Google may receive
or disclose information about IP addresses that malicious actors have
compromised.
Auditing and measurement: Google uses information for analytics and
measurement to understand how our services are used, as well as to fulfill
obligations to our partners like publishers, advertisers, developers, or
rights holders. We may disclose non-personally identifiable information
publicly and with these partners, including for auditing purposes.
Maintaining our services: Google uses information to ensure our services are
working as intended, such as tracking outages or troubleshooting bugs and
other issues that you report to us.
Research and development: Google uses information to improve our services and
to develop new products, features and technologies that benefit our users and
the public. For example, we use publicly available information to help train
Google’s language models and build features like Google Translate.
Use of service providers: Google shares information with service providers to
perform services on our behalf, in compliance with our Privacy Policy and
other appropriate confidentiality and security measures. For example, we may
rely on service providers to help provide customer support.
Advertising: Google processes information to provide advertising, including
online identifiers, browsing and search activity, and information about your
location and interactions with advertisements. This keeps Google’s services
and many of the websites and services you use free of charge. You can control
what information we use to show you ads by visiting your ad settings in My Ad
Center.
Legal reasons: Google also uses information to satisfy applicable laws or
regulations, and discloses information in response to legal process or
enforceable government requests, including to law enforcement. We provide
information about the number and type of requests we receive from governments
in our Transparency Report.
### Parties with whom information may be disclosed
Other people with whom you choose to share your information, like docs or
photos, and videos or comments on YouTube.
Third parties with your consent, such as services that integrate with Google’s
services. You can review and manage third party apps and sites with access to
data in your Google Account.
Service providers, trusted businesses or persons that process information on
Google’s behalf, based on our instructions and in compliance with our Privacy
Policy and any other appropriate confidentiality and security measures.
Domain administrators, if you work or study at an organization that uses
Google services.
Law enforcement or other third parties, for the legal reasons described in
Sharing your information.
# About this policy
## When this policy applies
This Privacy Policy applies to all of the services offered by Google LLC and
its affiliates, including YouTube, Android, and services offered on third-
party sites, such as advertising services. This Privacy Policy doesn’t apply
to services that have separate privacy policies that do not incorporate this
Privacy Policy.
This Privacy Policy doesn’t apply to:
* The information practices of other companies and organizations that advertise our services
* Services offered by other companies or individuals, including products or sites they offer that may include Google services to which the policy applies, or products or sites displayed to you in search results, or linked from our services
## Changes to this policy
We change this Privacy Policy from time to time. We will not reduce your
rights under this Privacy Policy without your explicit consent. We always
indicate the date the last changes were published and we offer access to
archived versions for your review. If changes are significant, we’ll provide a
more prominent notice (including, for certain services, email notification of
Privacy Policy changes).
# Related privacy practices
## Specific Google services
The following privacy notices provide additional information about some Google
services:
* Chrome & the Chrome Operating System
* Payments
* Fiber
* Google Fi
* Google Workspace for Education
* Read Along
* YouTube Kids
* Google Accounts Managed with Family Link, for Children under 13 (or applicable age in your country)
* Family Link privacy guide for children & teens
* Voice and Audio Collection from Children’s Features on the Google Assistant
If you’re a member of an organization that uses Google Workspace or Google
Cloud Platform, learn how these services collect and use your personal
information in the Google Cloud Privacy Notice.
## Other useful resources
The following links highlight useful resources for you to learn more about our
practices and privacy settings.
* Your Google Account is home to many of the settings you can use to manage your account
* Privacy Checkup guides you through key privacy settings for your Google Account
* Google’s safety center helps you learn more about our built-in security, privacy controls, and tools to help set digital ground rules for your family online
* Google’s Teen Privacy Guide provides answers to some of the top questions we get asked about privacy
* Privacy & Terms provides more context regarding this Privacy Policy and our Terms of Service
* Technologies includes more information about:
* How Google uses cookies
* Technologies used for Advertising
* How Google uses information from sites or apps that use our services
## Key terms
### Affiliates
An affiliate is an entity that belongs to the Google group of companies,
including the following companies that provide consumer services in the EU:
Google Ireland Limited, Google Commerce Ltd, Google Payment Corp, and Google
Dialer Inc. Learn more about the companies providing business services in the
EU.
### Algorithm
A process or set of rules followed by a computer in performing problem-solving
operations.
### Application data cache
An application data cache is a data repository on a device. It can, for
example, enable a web application to run without an internet connection and
improve the performance of the application by enabling faster loading of
content.
### Browser web storage
Browser web storage enables websites to store data in a browser on a device.
When used in "local storage" mode, it enables data to be stored across
sessions. This makes data retrievable even after a browser has been closed and
reopened. One technology that facilitates web storage is HTML 5.
### Cookies
A cookie is a small file containing a string of characters that is sent to
your computer when you visit a website. When you visit the site again, the
cookie allows that site to recognize your browser. Cookies may store user
preferences and other information. You can configure your browser to refuse
all cookies or to indicate when a cookie is being sent. However, some website
features or services may not function properly without cookies. Learn more
about how Google uses cookies and how Google uses data, including cookies,
when you use our partners' sites or apps.
### Device
A device is a computer that can be used to access Google services. For
example, desktop computers, tablets, smart speakers, and smartphones are all
considered devices.
### Google Account
You may access some of our services by signing up for a Google Account and
providing us with some personal information (typically your name, email
address, and a password). This account information is used to authenticate you
when you access Google services and protect your account from unauthorized
access by others. You can edit or delete your account at any time through your
Google Account settings.
### IP address
Every device connected to the Internet is assigned a number known as an
Internet protocol (IP) address. These numbers are usually assigned in
geographic blocks. An IP address can often be used to identify the location
from which a device is connecting to the Internet.
### Non-personally identifiable information
This is information that is recorded about users so that it no longer reflects
or references an individually-identifiable user.
### Personal information
This is information that you provide to us which personally identifies you,
such as your name, email address, or billing information, or other data that
can be reasonably linked to such information by Google, such as information we
associate with your Google Account.
### Pixel tag
A pixel tag is a type of technology placed on a website or within the body of
an email for the purpose of tracking certain activity, such as views of a
website or when an email is opened. Pixel tags are often used in combination
with cookies.
### Referrer URL
A Referrer URL (Uniform Resource Locator) is information transmitted to a
destination webpage by a web browser, typically when you click a link to that
page. The Referrer URL contains the URL of the last webpage the browser
visited.
### Sensitive personal information
This is a particular category of personal information relating to topics such
as confidential medical facts, racial or ethnic origins, political or
religious beliefs, or sexuality.
### Server logs
Like most websites, our servers automatically record the page requests made
when you visit our sites. These “server logs” typically include your web
request, Internet Protocol address, browser type, browser language, the date
and time of your request, and one or more cookies that may uniquely identify
your browser.
A typical log entry for a search for “cars” looks like this:
123.45.67.89 - 25/Mar/2003 10:15:32 -
http://www.google.com/search?q=cars -
Firefox 1.0.7; Windows NT 5.1 -
740674ce2123e969
* `123.45.67.89` is the Internet Protocol address assigned to the user by the user’s ISP. Depending on the user’s service, a different address may be assigned to the user by their service provider each time they connect to the Internet.
* `25/Mar/2003 10:15:32` is the date and time of the query.
* `http://www.google.com/search?q=cars` is the requested URL, including the search query.
* `Firefox 1.0.7; Windows NT 5.1` is the browser and operating system being used.
* `740674ce2123a969` is the unique cookie ID assigned to this particular computer the first time it visited Google. (Cookies can be deleted by users. If the user has deleted the cookie from the computer since the last time they’ve visited Google, then it will be the unique cookie ID assigned to their device the next time they visit Google from that particular device).
### Unique identifiers
A unique identifier is a string of characters that can be used to uniquely
identify a browser, app, or device. Different identifiers vary in how
permanent they are, whether they can be reset by users, and how they can be
accessed.
Unique identifiers can be used for various purposes, including security and
fraud detection, syncing services such as your email inbox, remembering your
preferences, and providing personalized advertising. For example, unique
identifiers stored in cookies help sites display content in your browser in
your preferred language. You can configure your browser to refuse all cookies
or to indicate when a cookie is being sent. Learn more about how Google uses
cookies.
On other platforms besides browsers, unique identifiers are used to recognize
a specific device or app on that device. For example, a unique identifier such
as the Advertising ID is used to provide relevant advertising on Android
devices, and can be managed in your device’s settings. Unique identifiers may
also be incorporated into a device by its manufacturer (sometimes called a
universally unique ID or UUID), such as the IMEI-number of a mobile phone. For
example, a device’s unique identifier can be used to customize our service to
your device or analyze device issues related to our services.
## Additional Context
### ads you’ll find most useful
For example, if you watch videos about baking on YouTube, you may see more ads
that relate to baking as you browse the web. We also may use your IP address
to determine your approximate location, so that we can serve you ads for a
nearby pizza delivery service if you search for “pizza.” Learn more about
Google ads and why you may see particular ads.
### advertising and research services on their behalf
For example, advertisers may upload data from their loyalty-card programs so
that they can better understand the performance of their ad campaigns. We only
provide aggregated reports to advertisers that don’t reveal information about
individual people.
### Android device with Google apps
Android devices with Google apps include devices sold by Google or one of our
partners and include phones, cameras, vehicles, wearables, and televisions.
These devices use Google Play Services and other pre-installed apps that
include services like Gmail, Maps, your phone’s camera and phone dialer, text-
to-speech conversion, keyboard input, and security features. Learn more about
Google Play Services.
### combine the information we collect
Some examples of how we combine the information we collect include:
* When you’re signed in to your Google Account and search on Google, you can see search results from the public web, along with relevant information from the content you have in other Google products, like Gmail or Google Calendar. This can include things like the status of your upcoming flights, restaurant, and hotel reservations, or your photos. Learn more
* If you have communicated with someone via Gmail and want to add them to a Google Doc or an event in Google Calendar, Google makes it easy to do so by autocompleting their email address when you start to type in their name. This feature makes it easier to share things with people you know. Learn more
* The Google app can use data that you have stored in other Google products to show you personalized content, depending on your settings. For example, if you have searches stored in your Web & App Activity, the Google app can show you news articles and other information about your interests, like sports scores, based your activity. Learn more
* If you link your Google Account to your Google Home, you can manage your information and get things done through the Google Assistant. For example, you can add events to your Google Calendar or get your schedule for the day, ask for status updates on your upcoming flight, or send information like driving directions to your phone. Learn more
### customized search results
For example, when you’re signed in to your Google Account and have the Web &
App Activity control enabled, you can get more relevant search results that
are based on your previous searches and activity from other Google services.
You can learn more here. You may also get customized search results even when
you’re signed out. If you don’t want this level of search customization, you
can search and browse privately or turn off signed-out search personalization.
### deliver our services
Examples of how we use your information to deliver our services include:
* We use the IP address assigned to your device to send you the data you requested, such as loading a YouTube video
* We use unique identifiers stored in cookies on your device to help us authenticate you as the person who should have access to your Google Account
* Photos and videos you upload to Google Photos are used to help you create albums, animations, and other creations that you can share. Learn more
* A flight confirmation email you receive may be used to create a “check-in” button that appears in your Gmail
* When you purchase services or physical goods from us, you may provide us information like your shipping address or delivery instructions. We use this information for things like processing, fulfilling, and delivering your order, and to provide support in connection with the product or service you purchase.
### detect abuse
When we detect spam, malware, illegal content, and other forms of abuse on our
systems in violation of our policies, we may disable your account or take
other appropriate action. In certain circumstances, we may also report the
violation to appropriate authorities.
### devices
For example, we can use information from your devices to help you decide which
device you’d like to use to install an app or view a movie you buy from Google
Play. We also use this information to help protect your account.
### ensure and improve
For example, we analyze how people interact with advertising to improve the
performance of our ads.
### ensure our services are working as intended
For example, we continuously monitor our systems to look for problems. And if
we find something wrong with a specific feature, reviewing activity
information collected before the problem started allows us to fix things more
quickly.
### Information about things near your device
If you use Google’s Location services on Android, we can improve the
performance of apps that rely on your location, like Google Maps. If you use
Google’s Location services, your device sends information to Google about its
location, sensors (like accelerometer), and nearby cell towers and Wi-Fi
access points (like MAC address and signal strength). All these things help to
determine your location. You can use your device settings to enable Google
Location services. Learn more
### legal process, or enforceable governmental request
Like other technology and communications companies, Google regularly receives
requests from governments and courts around the world to disclose user data.
Respect for the privacy and security of data you store with Google underpins
our approach to complying with these legal requests. Our legal team reviews
each and every request, regardless of type, and we frequently push back when a
request appears to be overly broad or doesn’t follow the correct process.
Learn more in our Transparency Report.
### make improvements
For example, we use cookies to analyze how people interact with our services.
And that analysis can help us build better products. For example, it may help
us discover that it’s taking people too long to complete a certain task or
that they have trouble finishing steps at all. We can then redesign that
feature and improve the product for everyone.
### may link information
Google Analytics relies on first-party cookies, which means the cookies are
set by the Google Analytics customer. Using our systems, data generated
through Google Analytics can be linked by the Google Analytics customer and by
Google to third-party cookies that are related to visits to other websites.
For example, an advertiser may want to use its Google Analytics data to create
more relevant ads, or to further analyze its traffic. Learn more
### our users
For example, to prevent abuse and increase transparency and accountability
over our online content moderation practices, Google shares data about
requests for removal of content from our services with Lumen, which collects
and analyzes these requests to facilitate research to help Internet users
understand their rights. Learn more.
### partner with Google
There are over 2 million non-Google websites and apps that partner with Google
to show ads. Learn more
### payment information
For example, if you add a credit card or other payment method to your Google
Account, you can use it to buy things across our services, like apps in the
Play Store. We may also ask for other information, like a business tax ID, to
help process your payment. In some cases, we may also need to verify your
identity and may ask you for information to do this.
We may also use payment information to verify that you meet age requirements,
if, for example, you enter an incorrect birthday indicating you’re not old
enough to have a Google Account. Learn more
### personalized ads
You may also see personalized ads based on information from the advertiser. If
you shopped on an advertiser's website, for example, they can use that visit
information to show you ads. Learn more
### phone number
If you add your phone number to your account, it can be used for different
purposes across Google services, depending on your settings. For example, your
phone number can be used to help you access your account if you forget your
password, help people find and connect with you, and make the ads you see more
relevant to you. Learn more
### protect against abuse
For example, information about security threats can help us notify you if we
think your account has been compromised (at which point we can help you take
steps to protect your account).
### publicly accessible sources
For example, we may collect information that’s publicly available online or
from other public sources to help train Google’s language models and build
features like Google Translate. Or, if your business’s information appears on
a website, we may index and display it on Google services.
### rely on cookies to function properly
For example, we use a cookie called ‘lbcs’ that makes it possible for you to
open many Google Docs in one browser. Blocking this cookie would prevent
Google Docs from working as expected. Learn more
### safety and reliability
Some examples of how we use your information to help keep our services safe
and reliable include:
* Collecting and analyzing IP addresses and cookie data to protect against automated abuse. This abuse takes many forms, such as sending spam to Gmail users, stealing money from advertisers by fraudulently clicking on ads, or censoring content by launching a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack.
* The “last account activity” feature in Gmail can help you find out if and when someone accessed your email without your knowledge. This feature shows you information about recent activity in Gmail, such as the IP addresses that accessed your mail, the associated location, and the date and time of access. Learn more
### sensitive categories
When showing you personalized ads, we use topics that we think might be of
interest to you based on your activity. For example, you may see ads for
things like "Cooking and Recipes" or "Air Travel.” We don’t use topics or show
personalized ads based on sensitive categories like race, religion, sexual
orientation, or health. And we require the same from advertisers that use our
services.
### Sensor data from your device
Your device may have sensors that can be used to better understand your
location and movement. For example, an accelerometer can be used to determine
your speed and a gyroscope to figure out your direction of travel.
### servers around the world
For example, we operate data centers located around the world to help keep our
products continuously available for users.
### services to make and receive calls or send and receive messages
Examples of these services include:
* Google Voice, for making and receiving calls, sending text messages, and managing voicemail
* Google Meet, for making and receiving video calls
* Gmail, for sending and receiving emails
* Google Chat, for sending and receiving messages
* Google Duo, for making and receiving video calls and sending and receiving messages
* Google Fi, for a phone plan
### show trends
When lots of people start searching for something, it can provide useful
information about particular trends at that time. Google Trends samples Google
web searches to estimate the popularity of searches over a certain period of
time and shares those results publicly in aggregated terms. Learn more
### specific Google services
For example, you can delete your blog from Blogger or a Google Site you own
from Google Sites. You can also delete reviews you’ve left on apps, games, and
other content in the Play Store.
### specific partners
For example, we allow YouTube creators and advertisers to work with
measurement companies to learn about the audience of their YouTube videos or
ads, using cookies or similar technologies. Another example is merchants on
our shopping pages, who use cookies to understand how many different people
see their product listings. Learn more about these partners and how they use
your information.
### synced with your Google Account
Your Chrome browsing history is only saved to your account if you’ve enabled
Chrome synchronization with your Google Account. Learn more
### the people who matter most to you online
For example, when you type an address in the To, Cc, or Bcc field of an email
you're composing, Gmail will suggest addresses based on the people you contact
most frequently.
### the public
For example, we process information about requests to remove content from our
services under Google's content removal policies or applicable law to assess
the request, and to ensure transparency, improve accountability and prevent
abuse and fraud in these practices.
### third parties
For example, we process your information to report use statistics to rights
holders about how their content was used in our services. We may also process
your information if people search for your name and we display search results
for sites containing publicly available information about you.
### Views and interactions with content and ads
For example, we collect information about views and interactions with ads so
we can provide aggregated reports to advertisers, like telling them whether we
served their ad on a page and whether the ad was likely seen by a viewer. We
may also measure other interactions, such as how you move your mouse over an
ad or if you interact with the page on which the ad appears.
### Voice and audio information
For example, you can choose whether you want Google to save an audio recording
to your Google Account when you interact with Google Search, Assistant, and
Maps. When your device detects an audio activation command, like “Hey Google,”
Google records your voice and audio plus a few seconds before the activation.
Learn more
### your activity on other sites and apps
This activity might come from your use of Google services, like from syncing
your account with Chrome or your visits to sites and apps that partner with
Google. Many websites and apps partner with Google to improve their content
and services. For example, a website might use our advertising services (like
AdSense) or analytics tools (like Google Analytics), or it might embed other
content (such as videos from YouTube). These services may share information
about your activity with Google and, depending on your account settings and
the products in use (for instance, when a partner uses Google Analytics in
conjunction with our advertising services), this data may be associated with
your personal information.
Learn more about how Google uses data when you use our partners' sites or
apps.
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# Category:Wikipedia articles needing clarification from August 2013
1 language
* العربية
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Update this page
Wikipedia articles needing clarification
(refresh)
Subtotals
January 20071
February 20077
March 20073
April 20075
May 20073
June 20071
July 20071
August 20079
September 20077
October 20077
November 20075
December 200711
January 20089
February 200813
March 200882
April 200814
May 200815
June 200812
July 200820
August 200819
September 200832
October 200826
November 200835
December 200824
January 200935
February 2009301
March 2009105
April 200974
May 200962
June 200965
July 200974
August 200980
September 200984
October 200981
November 2009101
December 200990
January 2010143
February 201075
March 2010106
April 2010120
May 2010124
June 201090
July 2010123
August 2010105
September 2010128
October 2010128
November 2010113
December 2010123
January 2011165
February 2011116
March 2011145
April 2011155
May 2011155
June 2011127
July 2011168
August 2011150
September 2011161
October 2011154
November 2011160
December 2011160
January 2012200
February 2012147
March 2012170
April 2012166
May 2012234
June 2012171
July 2012230
August 2012177
September 2012202
October 2012149
November 2012152
December 2012175
January 2013190
February 2013176
March 2013208
April 2013199
May 2013190
June 2013175
July 2013254
August 2013204
September 2013185
October 2013206
November 2013171
December 2013190
January 2014222
February 2014176
March 2014208
April 2014226
May 2014215
June 2014191
July 2014188
August 2014201
September 2014190
October 2014166
November 2014200
December 2014233
January 2015260
February 2015196
March 2015238
April 2015258
May 2015262
June 2015230
July 2015244
August 2015280
September 2015230
October 2015239
November 2015218
December 2015253
January 2016266
February 2016242
March 2016272
April 2016264
May 2016276
June 2016281
July 2016257
August 2016271
September 2016218
October 2016245
November 2016235
December 2016280
January 2017318
February 2017265
March 2017277
April 2017256
May 2017302
June 2017249
July 2017239
August 2017248
September 2017233
October 2017244
November 2017276
December 2017314
January 2018346
February 2018274
March 2018314
April 2018255
May 2018293
June 2018298
July 2018359
August 2018352
September 2018315
October 2018329
November 2018280
December 2018348
January 2019373
February 2019283
March 2019407
April 2019351
May 2019339
June 2019328
July 2019359
August 2019400
September 2019352
October 2019353
November 2019344
December 2019319
January 2020359
February 2020328
March 2020378
April 2020380
May 2020470
June 2020503
July 2020523
August 2020435
September 2020472
October 2020451
November 2020373
December 2020451
January 2021484
February 2021483
March 2021470
April 2021471
May 2021540
June 2021509
July 2021520
August 2021483
September 2021524
October 2021545
November 2021530
December 2021557
January 2022589
February 2022533
March 2022550
April 2022576
May 2022648
June 2022522
July 2022658
August 2022658
September 2022999
October 2022639
November 2022769
December 2022763
January 2023802
February 2023354
Undated articles1
All articles49,151
This is a maintenance category, used for maintenance of the Wikipedia project.
It is not part of the encyclopedia and contains non-article pages, or groups
articles by status rather than subject. Do not include this category in
content categories.
This is a tracking category. It builds and maintains a list of pages primarily
for the sake of the list itself. They are not part of the encyclopedia's
categorization scheme.
* This category is hidden on its member pages—unless the corresponding user preference (appearance → show hidden categories) is set.
* These categories can be used to track, build and organize lists of pages needing "attention en masse" (for example, pages using deprecated syntax), or that may need to be edited at someone's earliest convenience.
* These categories also serve to aggregate members of several lists or sub-categories into a larger, more efficient list (discriminated by classifications).
This category combines all Wikipedia articles needing clarification from
August 2013 (2013-08) to enable us to work through the backlog more
systematically. It is a member of Category:Wikipedia articles needing
clarification.
To add an article to this category add `{{Vague|date=August
2013}},{{Incomprehensible|date=August 2013}}, {{Confusing|date=August 2013}},
{{Clarify|date=August 2013}} or {{Ambiguous|date=August 2013}}` to the
article. If you omit the date a bot will add it for you at some point.
## Contents
* Top
* 0–9
* A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
## Pages in category "Wikipedia articles needing clarification from August
2013"
The following 200 pages are in this category, out of approximately 204 total.
This list may not reflect recent changes.
(previous page) (next page)
### 0–9
* 39th Army (Soviet Union)
* 176th Air Defense Squadron
* 444th Air Expeditionary Wing
* 1999 South Asian Games
### A
* Al-Arabi (Saudi Arabia, handball club)
* Sholem Aleichem
* Algebra of sets
* Altria
* American Association of University Women
* Apache Thrift
* Arktika-class icebreaker
* List of rulers of Asante
* Augusta Emerita
* Auto Union
* Autochem
### B
* Baikal IZH-46M
* Banffshire
* Barberini ivory
* Batukeshwar Dutt
* Bob Bernard
* Bicycle lighting
* Agnès Bihl
* Laura Binetti
* Tom Blackaller
* British and American keyboards
* British Jumping Derby
* Walter Brueggemann
* Buddy's Day Out
### C
* Call site
* Canada Revenue Agency
* CIE 1960 color space
* Colne Priory
* Communist purges in Serbia in 1944–1945
* Contour crafting
* Andrew Cooney (explorer)
* Alex Cooper (architect)
* COPS (software)
* Cover version
* Carland Cross (character)
* Veronica Ann Cross
* Cruise-O-Matic
* Cyclone Nargis
### D
* The Daily (News Corporation)
* Dalarö
* Girolamo Dalla Casa
* Alfonso d'Avalos
* Bart De Wever
* Dental anesthesia
* Ki Hajar Dewantara
* Duchy of Ksani
* Dulhan Wahi Jo Piya Man Bhaye (1977 film)
### E
* Eliza Marian Butler
* S. George Ellsworth
* John Elwes (politician)
* Cesare d'Este, Duke of Modena
* Existential migration
### F
* Lisa Fittko
* Five Grains
* Fixed-gear bicycle
* Forking extension
* Fountains of Rome (symphonic poem)
* Frame problem
* Trial and conviction of Joshua French and Tjostolv Moland
* Functional holography
### G
* Gang signal
* Germanisation of Poles during the Partitions
* Paul Giudicelli
* Glynn
* Gradac, Metlika
* Green exercise
* Maria Gripe
* Daria Grushina
### H
* Kerry S. Harris
* Tormod Haugen
* Liam Hennessy (coach)
* Hindustan Socialist Republican Association
* History of Hong Kong (1800s–1930s)
* History of Shanghai
* Daryl Holton
* Homorhythm
* Dan Humphrey
### I
* Inference
* Inscrutability of reference
* Insular Celts
* Interactive whiteboard
### J
* Malek Jandali
* Johnson Boat Works
### K
* Kalash people
* Kazan
* Martin W. Kellogg
* Kevoree
* Ashok Khemka
* Kim Geun-tae
* Battle of Kimbaramba
* George Hughes Kirby
* Kraków Army
* KXSE
### L
* Lamy (and Rinck)
* Legal status and local government of Kyiv
* Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine
* Life (magazine)
* Tanya Ling
* List of acts of the 112th United States Congress
* List of ambassadors of Ukraine to Sweden
* List of Don Army Units in the Civil War
* List of tallest buildings in Vancouver
* Literature of Kosovo
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|
spiderum_text/2375 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
beta-caryophyllene, muuroladiene, caryophyllene oxide, and mint sulphide from
Cedrela odorata
Cedrela
Cedrela odorata (Meliaceae) Cigar-box cedar
Cedrela odorata, a member of the Mahogany family (Meliaceae), is a deciduous
tree from Central- and South America reaching a height of 30 m. In spite of
its popular name it has nothing to do with true cedar, which is a conifer.
Cedrela is the classical source of wood used for making cigar-boxes. Its red-
brown wood is aromatic, light, soft and not attacked by insects.
The waste-wood from producing cedrela boards and veneer can be steam-distilled
to yield an essential oil of pleasant dry-woody odour with an undertone like
carrot seed oil. However, Cedrela odorata is now under protection as a
threatened species in several countries.
Cedrela contains the main sesquiterpenes formed from cis- and trans-farnesyl
pyrophosphate. Beta-caryophyllene and cis-4(14),5-muuroladiene have been found
to be the major sesquiterpenes in the oil distilled from cedrela stems, and
caryophyllene oxide the major oxygenated sesquiterpene [180]. The rare
sesquiterpenoid mint sulphide has been detected in cedrela leaf essential oil
[181].
3-butylphthalide
3-butyl-4,5-
dihydrophthalide
Celery
Apium graveolens (Umbelliferae)
Cultivated forms of celery all descend from the wild type, Apium graveolens,
growing in saline areas near the coastline in Europe and western Asia. Celery,
A. g. var. dulce has long, thick and crispy stalks. Celery root, or celeriac,
A. g. var. rapaceum, has a swollen, beet-like root with a mild taste. Celery
seed oil is produced in France, India and California. It is used chiefly for
flavoring foods, vegetable juices, etc., although small quantities are also
used in perfumery.
The characteristic celery flavour is mainly caused by the two lactones
3-butylphthalide and 3-butyl-4,5-dihydrophthalide (sedanenolide) [6]. See also
lovage.
isobutyl angelate, 2-methylbutyl angelate, and chamazulene
Chamomile, Roman
Chamaemelum nobile (Anthemis nobilis) (Compositae)
Roman chamomile is a herbaceous perennial native to western Europe and North
Africa. It is a close relative to the true chamomiles of genus Chamomilla
(Matricaria), and the flowers, containing anti-inflammatory and sedative
ingredients, have been used in much the same way.
Roman chamomile oil is produced from cultured varieties of the herb (var.
flora plena syn. var. ligulosa) in several countries. The oil is obtained by
steam distillation of the freshly dried flowers as a bluish liquid with a
strong, aromatic odour characteristic of the flowers. Roman chamomile oil is
especially suited for top notes in masculine perfumes, where it provides a
heady, sweet-herbal diffusion of considerable radiance.
The major constituents of Roman chamomile oil are esters of angelic acid
(2-methyl-2(Z)-butenoate) and tiglic acid (2-methyl-2(E)-butenoate), e.g. the
isobutyl- and 2-methylbutyl esters. The bluish colour of the oil is due to the
sesquiterpenoid chamazulene (C14H16) [6] [86]. The photo on the right shows
the freshly distilled oil (dark blue) on top of the water phase.
Etymology: Gr. khamai, on the ground, low; Gr. melon, apple, because of the
pleasant and somewhat apple-like odour of the plant; Lat. nobilis, noble.
myrcene, geranyl isovalerate, germacrene D, (E)-beta-farnesene, herniarin and
(Z)-en-yn-dicycloether
Chamomile, Wild
Matricaria discoidea (M. matricarioides) (Asteraceae/Compositae) Pineapple
weed, Disc Mayweed
There are about fifty species of chamomile, more than half from South Africa
and the rest from the northern hemisphere. Wild chamomile is from north-
eastern Asia and western North America, but has now spread around the world.
It is a "street weed" typically growing in newly cleared ground along roads
and in courtyards. The tiny seeds are slimy in moist weather thereby sticking
to feet and wheels.
The cone-shaped composite flowers without white ray-florets are aromatic,
especially when squeezed, with a sweet herbal-fruity odor. The dried flowers
may be used as a tea in the same way as true chamomile.
Lopes and Kolodziejczyk investigated the essential oil obtained by
hydrodistillation from the aerial parts of M. discoidea grown in Alberta,
Canada by GC/FID and GC/MS. Thirty-six compounds were identified, accounting
for
87 % of the oil. The major constituents were myrcene (28 %), (E)-beta-
farnesene (23 %), germacrene D (7%), geranyl isovalerate (6 %) and the so-
called (Z)-en-yn-dicycloether (8 %) [215]. Moreover, 7-methoxy-coumarin (or
herniarin) was detected in M. discoidea [216].
Etymology: Matricaria, from Lat. matrix, uterus, because chamomiles have been
used against gynaecological disorders; discoidea, besause of the discoid
flowers, chamomile, see Chamomile, Roman.
methyl benzoate and (E,E)-alpha-farnesene
from champak headspace
Champak
Michelia (Magnolia) champaca (Magnoliaceae) Champaca
The legendary champak, a member of the magnolia family, is a native of the
temperate Himalayan region. However, it is now found distributed throughout
tropical and subtropical Asia. In India, where the flowers are collected for
perfumery purpose, it is found in eastern Himalayas and eastern and western
Ghats. The trees bloom once during the monsoon and again in spring. When fully
in bloom, the trees are covered with thousands of golden yellow flowers with a
powerful and diffusive fragrance. The ripe seeds are seen in the photo in the
middle.
Rout, Naik and Rao analysed the headspace from the live flowers by solid phase
micro-extraction. Methyl benzoate, phenethyl alcohol, phenylacetonitrile,
indole and methyl anthranilate, along with sesquiterpenes, e.g. (E,E)-alpha-
farnesene, constituted the body of the headspace. Moreover, ionones, e.g.
dihydro-beta-ionone, (Z)-methyl-epi-jasmonate, a number of aromatic esters,
etc., have been identified in extracts from the flowers [136].
Champak absolute is used in high-class perfumes where it may produce a unique,
warm, floral-leafy note which is often compared to that of a fine grade of
tea. The famous perfume Joy (Jean Patou 1935), a costly floral scent, was
based on champak absolute and other floral absolutes. Today the champak flower
volatiles are gently extracted using supercritical CO2. The extract has an
intensely sweet, floral-fruity odor with an apricot-like undertone.
Etymology: Michelia, after the Florentine botanist Pietro Antonio Micheli
(1679–1737). Hindi Tchampaca.
matsutake alcohol, champignol
1-octen-3-ol, (3R)-
Champignon
Agaricus campestris (Agaricaceae) Meadow mushroom
The pleasant, characteristic flavor of a freshly cut champignon is dominated
by an alcohol called matsutake alcohol, because it was first identified in the
Japanese matsutake mushroom, Tricholoma matsutake (Tricholomataceae).
It is found in several mushrooms, and it is one of the odor components from
mould. Matsutake alcohol, also called champignol, is chemically 1-octen-3-ol
[6]. The naturally occurring isomer is the (3R-) or (-)-enantiomer. This
compound is available from Bedoukian Research, Inc. and is described as having
a powerful, genuine mushroom odor with a slight fruity note, less earthy than
the racemic mixture.
beta-ionone and dihydroactinidiolide, (-)-1-octen-3-ol and (E)-2-octen-1-ol
Chanterelle
Cantharellus cibarius (Cantharellaceae) Golden chanterelle
The delicious and fleshy golden chanterelle, one of the most valued edible
mushrooms, is widespread in temperate zones in acidic soil in deciduous and
coniferous forests as well as in heather bushlands. It has an aromatic flavour
often described as apricot-like and a slightly "hot" or peppery taste when raw
(hence its German name "Pfifferling"). Golden chanterelle is among the richest
sources of vitamin D known, with ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) as high as 2500
IU/100 grams fresh weight [258].
The slightly floral-fruity aroma of golden chanterelle is due to small amounts
of carotene-derived compounds like beta-ionone and dihydroactinidiolide being
present together with much larger quantities of 1-octen-3-ol and
(E)-2-octen-1-ol. The latter compounds are characteristic of many mushrooms,
e.g. champignon. [259] [260].
Etymology: Gr. kantharos, drinking-cup, Lat. cibarius, nutritional.
P.S.
Golden chanterelle is mycorrhiza-forming and has been impossible to culture
until lately. However, in 1997 Danell and Camacho reported the first
successful fruit-body formation in the greenhouse, hosted by pine seedlings
only 16 months old [261]. Since then the market prize has declined.
ergocalciferol, vitamin D2
major cherimoya aroma volatiles
Cherimoya
Annona cherimola (Annonaceae) Cherimola, Custard Apple
The tasty fruits of several Annona species are much appreciated in the tropics
and subtropics. A. cherimola from the mountains of Peru was already cultured
by the Indians in prehistoric times. Today it is also grown in the
Mediterranean Countries, for example. The round, green and somewhat cone-like
fruits are ripe when their skin gives slightly to pressure. They have creamy,
white, richly sweet flesh with hard, dark-brown, glossy seeds embedded in it.
The aroma depends on variety but can generally be described as being
pineapple-strawberry-banana-like.
Ferreira et al. analyzed the volatile fraction in the fruits of four cherimoya
cultivars and found that the major compounds were methyl butanoate, butyl
butanoate, 3-methylbutyl butanoate, 3-methylbutyl 3-methylbutanoate and
5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural [332].
Etymology: Quechua, chirimuya, cold seeds, because the tree grows at high
altitudes i Peru.
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Sắp xếp theo
x Đang khuyến mãi Bán chạy Giá từ thấp đến cao Giá từ cao đến thấp
Nổi bật Ốp lưng, bao da
Phụ kiện Apple Dán màn hình
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Phụ kiện InnostylePhụ kiện Innostyle Tai nghe
Phụ kiện UAG Loa
Phụ kiện GEAR4 Phụ kiện MacBook/PC
Phụ kiện MiPow Phụ kiện Mipow Dây đeo đồng hồ
Phụ kiện JcPal Phụ kiện Jcpal Balo & Túi Laptop
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Phụ kiện Sony Thương hiệu phụ kiện
Phụ kiện chỉ từ 99k Tuần lễ khai trương Pin sạc dự phòng Cáp sạc Adapter - Củ
sạc Dán màn hình Ốp lưng, bao da Âm Thanh Dây đeo đồng hồ Phụ kiện tiện ích
Thương hiệu Thẻ nhớ | USB OTG Android TV Box Phụ kiện iPhone 12 Sim 3G|4G|Nghe
gọi Phụ kiện Galaxy S21 Phụ kiện Apple chính hãng Phụ kiện Galaxy Z Fold3 | Z
Flip3 Phụ kiện Macbook Phụ kiện PC/Laptop Phụ kiện iPhone 13 Series Combo phụ
kiện Xe đạp điện Đồ chơi công nghệ Camera hành trình Phụ kiện Vertu Phụ kiện
iPhone 14 series Voucher
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Marshall B&O; Sennheiser Bose Soundpeats Harman Kardon Huawei
Mức giá
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2. Từ 4 triệu đến 8 triệu
3. Từ 8 triệu đến 11 triệu
4. Trên 12 triệu
Sắp xếp theo Nổi bật Giảm nhiều Trả góp 0% Giá thấp đến cao
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Loa Bluetooth B&O Beosound Edge
### Loa Bluetooth B&O Beosound Edge
Mua ngay 109.663.000 ₫
Hoặc trả trước32.898.900 ₫
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Mua ngay 18.664.000 ₫
Hoặc trả trước5.599.200 ₫
5. Tai nghe True Wireless B&O Beoplay EQ Chính Hãng
### Tai nghe True Wireless B&O Beoplay EQ Chính Hãng
Liên hệ
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### Tai nghe True Wireless B&O Beoplay EX Anthracite Oxygen Chính Hãng
Mua ngay 12.848.000 ₫
Hoặc trả trước3.854.400 ₫
7. Đặt hàng trước
Loa Bluetooth B&O Beosound Explore
### Loa Bluetooth B&O Beosound Explore
6.601.000 ₫
Hoặc trả trước1.980.300 ₫
8. Đặt hàng trước
Loa Bluetooth B&O Beosound A1 2nd Gen
### Loa Bluetooth B&O Beosound A1 2nd Gen
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* 1270 Quang Trung, P. 14, Quận Gò Vấp, Hồ Chí Minh
* 04 Nguyễn Ảnh Thủ, P. Hiệp Thành, Quận 12, Hồ Chí Minh
Hệ thống 10 cửa hàng Di Động Việt đạt chuẩn PPG của Apple
* * *
Di Động Việt tự hào với hệ thống 10 cửa hàng đạt chuẩn PPG, có mặt chính thức
trên website của Apple.com (locate.apple.com/vn/en/sales)
* 77 Trần Quang Khải, P. Tân Định, Quận 1, Tp. Hồ Chí Minh
* 79 Đồng Khởi, P. Bến Nghé, Quận 1, Tp. Hồ Chí Minh
* 745A Đường 3/2, Phường 6, Quận 10, Tp. Hồ Chí Minh
* 619 Nguyễn Thị Thập, P. Tân Hưng, Quận 7, Tp. Hồ Chí Minh
* 621 Âu Cơ, P. Phú Thuận, Quận Tân Phú, Tp. Hồ Chí Minh
Hệ thống 05 cửa hàng SiS Mobifone - Di Động Việt
* * *
Hệ thống liên kết theo mô hình Shop in Shop (SiS) giữa Mobifone và Di
Động Việt. Nơi chỉ bán điện thoại Samsung, Oppo, Vsmart, Xiaomi với giá rẻ
nhất thị trường.
* 80 Nguyễn Du, P. Bến Nghé, Quận 1, TP.HCM
* 291A Tô Hiến Thành, P. 13, Quận 10, TP.HCM
* 122A Phan Đăng Lưu, Phường 3, Quận Phú Nhuận, TP.HCM
* 254 Lê Văn Việt, P. Tăng Nhơn Phú A, Quận 9, TP.HCM
* 365 Cộng Hòa, P. 13, Quận Tân Bình, TP.HCM
* Mua hàng từ xa
* Mua hàng trả góp
* Chính sách bảo hành
* Chính sách đổi trả
* Chính sách bán hàng
* Chính sách bảo mật
* Chính sách sử dụng
* Chính sách kiểm hàng
* Hệ thống cửa hàng
* Khuyến mãi trong tháng
* Công nghệ 24h
* Trade-in thu cũ lên đời
* Tra cứu điểm thành viên
* Tuyển dụng mới nhất
* Hướng dẫn mua hàng từ xa
* Trung tâm bảo hành Apple tại Việt Nam
Hỗ trợ
* Gọi tư vấn máy - phụ kiện
(08:00 – 21:30)
1800.6018
* Khiếu nại - Góp ý
(08:00 – 21:30)
1800.6306
* Bảo hành - Hỗ trợ kỹ thuật
(09:00 – 21:00)
1800.6729
* Gọi mua hàng từ xa
(08:00 – 21:30)
1800.6018
Kết nối Di Động Việt
Hỗ trợ thanh toán
Chung nhan Tin Nhiem Mang DMCA.com Protection Status THÔNG TIN WEBSITE THƯƠNG
MẠI ĐIỆN TỬ
Công Ty TNHH Công Nghệ Di Động Việt
Sản phẩm bán chạy
* iPhone 14 Pro Max
* iPhone 13 Pro Max
* Samsung S22 Ultra
* Samsung Galaxy Z Fold4
* Samsung Galaxy Z Flip4
* Oppo Reno8
* Macbook Air M2
* AirPods Pro 2021
* Đồng hồ Garmin
Điện thoại
* iPhone 14 VN/A series
* iPhone 13 VN/A series
* iPhone 12 VN/A series
* iPhone 11 VN/A series
* iPhone Cũ
* Samsung
* Nokia
* Oppo
* Xiaomi
* Điện thoại gập
* Điện thoại cũ
Đồng hồ thông minh
* Apple Watch
* Samsung Galaxy Watch
* Xiaomi Mi Band
* Vòng đeo tay
* Đồng hồ định vị trẻ em
* Đồng hồ Cũ
* Apple Watch cũ
Máy tính bảng
* iPad
* iPad Air 5
* Galaxy Tab
* Xiaomi Pad
Phụ kiện
* Phụ kiện MacBook/Laptop
* Ốp lưng, bao da
* Kính cường lực
* Củ sạc
* Cáp sạc
* Sạc dự phòng
* Tai nghe
* Loa nghe nhạc
* Thiết bị y tế
* Smarthome
Đối tác Sửa chữa Điện thoại - Laptop và Bảo hành Ủy quyền
Viện Di Động
Thế giới máy cũ
* * *
CÔNG TY TNHH CÔNG NGHỆ DI ĐỘNG VIỆT - 75/35 Nguyễn Cửu Vân, Phường 17, Quận
Bình Thạnh, TP Hồ Chí Minh.
Mã số doanh nghiệp: 0312193244, ngày cấp: 05/03/2021, nơi cấp: Sở kế hoạch và
đầu tư thành phố Hồ Chí Minh
MST:0312193244.
Chủ sở hữu: Nguyễn Ngọc Đạt - Điện thoại: 1800.6018 (miễn phí) - Email:
[email protected] - Bản quyền thuộc về Di Động Việt.
Chọn sản phẩm so sánh
So sánh
Ưu đãi
Màn hinh
Camera sau
Camera trước
Hệ điều hành - CPU
Bộ nhớ - Lưu trữ
Kết nối
Thiết kế
Thông tin pin sạc
Thông tin khác
Chào mừng trở lại
Tạo một tài khoản để nhận được những ưu đãi tốt nhất từ Di Động Việt
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Hoặc đăng ký bằng
*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
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*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
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*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
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*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
*[11:24 ngày 21/2/23]:
*[18:45 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[14:42 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[17:56 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[11:21 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[11:39 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[11:35 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[08:31 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[14:01 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[13:28 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[12:15 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[08:44 ngày 18/2/23]:
|
spiderum_text/1260 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
Campaign Manager 360
* Campaign Manager 360
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* * v4
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* accountActiveAdSummaries
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* get
* accountPermissionGroups
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* get
* list
* accountPermissions
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* get
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* accountUserProfiles
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* get
* insert
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* patch
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* patch
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* ads
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* Overview
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* billingAssignments
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* billingProfiles
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* get
* list
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* billingRates
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* browsers
* Overview
* list
* campaignCreativeAssociations
* Overview
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* campaigns
* Overview
* get
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* changeLogs
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* cities
* Overview
* list
* connectionTypes
* Overview
* get
* list
* contentCategories
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* conversions
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* batchinsert
* batchupdate
* countries
* Overview
* get
* list
* creativeAssets
* Overview
* insert
* creativeFieldValues
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creativeFields
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creativeGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creatives
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* dimensionValues
* Overview
* query
* directorySites
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* dynamicTargetingKeys
* Overview
* delete
* insert
* list
* eventTags
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* files
* Overview
* get
* list
* floodlightActivities
* Overview
* delete
* generatetag
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* floodlightActivityGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* floodlightConfigurations
* Overview
* get
* list
* patch
* update
* inventoryItems
* Overview
* get
* list
* languages
* Overview
* list
* metros
* Overview
* list
* mobileApps
* Overview
* get
* list
* mobileCarriers
* Overview
* get
* list
* operatingSystemVersions
* Overview
* get
* list
* operatingSystems
* Overview
* get
* list
* orderDocuments
* Overview
* get
* list
* orders
* Overview
* get
* list
* placementGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* placementStrategies
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* placements
* Overview
* generatetags
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* platformTypes
* Overview
* get
* list
* postalCodes
* Overview
* get
* list
* projects
* Overview
* get
* list
* regions
* Overview
* list
* remarketingListShares
* Overview
* get
* patch
* update
* remarketingLists
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* reports
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* run
* update
* reports.compatibleFields
* Overview
* query
* reports.files
* Overview
* get
* list
* sites
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* sizes
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* subaccounts
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* targetableRemarketingLists
* Overview
* get
* list
* targetingTemplates
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* userProfiles
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRolePermissionGroups
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRolePermissions
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRoles
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* videoFormats
* Overview
* get
* list
* Types
* Activities
* ChannelGrouping
* ClickThroughUrlSuffixProperties
* Compatibility
* Conversion
* ConversionStatus
* CustomRichMediaEvents
* DayPartTargeting
* DefaultClickThroughEventTagProperties
* DeliveryType
* Dimension
* DimensionValue
* EmailOwnerDeliveryType
* EncryptionInfo
* EventFilter
* EventTagOverride
* File
* FileList
* GeoTargeting
* KeyValueTargetingExpression
* LanguageTargeting
* LastModifiedInfo
* ListTargetingExpression
* LookbackConfiguration
* MatchType
* ObaIcon
* PathFilter
* PathMatchPosition
* PricingSchedule
* Recipient
* RepeatsOnWeekDays
* RunsOnDayOfMonth
* SortOrder
* SortedDimension
* TagSetting
* TechnologyTargeting
* VideoOffset
* v3.5
* Overview
* Dimensions, Metrics, and Filters
* REST Resources
* accountActiveAdSummaries
* Overview
* get
* accountPermissionGroups
* Overview
* get
* list
* accountPermissions
* Overview
* get
* list
* accountUserProfiles
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* accounts
* Overview
* get
* list
* patch
* update
* ads
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertiserGroups
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertiserLandingPages
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertisers
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* browsers
* Overview
* list
* campaignCreativeAssociations
* Overview
* insert
* list
* campaigns
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* changeLogs
* Overview
* get
* list
* cities
* Overview
* list
* connectionTypes
* Overview
* get
* list
* contentCategories
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* conversions
* Overview
* batchinsert
* batchupdate
* countries
* Overview
* get
* list
* creativeAssets
* Overview
* insert
* creativeFieldValues
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creativeFields
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creativeGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creatives
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* dimensionValues
* Overview
* query
* directorySites
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* dynamicTargetingKeys
* Overview
* delete
* insert
* list
* eventTags
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* files
* Overview
* get
* list
* floodlightActivities
* Overview
* delete
* generatetag
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* floodlightActivityGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* floodlightConfigurations
* Overview
* get
* list
* patch
* update
* inventoryItems
* Overview
* get
* list
* languages
* Overview
* list
* metros
* Overview
* list
* mobileApps
* Overview
* get
* list
* mobileCarriers
* Overview
* get
* list
* operatingSystemVersions
* Overview
* get
* list
* operatingSystems
* Overview
* get
* list
* orderDocuments
* Overview
* get
* list
* orders
* Overview
* get
* list
* placementGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* placementStrategies
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* placements
* Overview
* generatetags
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* platformTypes
* Overview
* get
* list
* postalCodes
* Overview
* get
* list
* projects
* Overview
* get
* list
* regions
* Overview
* list
* remarketingListShares
* Overview
* get
* patch
* update
* remarketingLists
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* reports
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* run
* update
* reports.compatibleFields
* Overview
* query
* reports.files
* Overview
* get
* list
* sites
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* sizes
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* subaccounts
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* targetableRemarketingLists
* Overview
* get
* list
* targetingTemplates
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* userProfiles
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRolePermissionGroups
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRolePermissions
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRoles
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* videoFormats
* Overview
* get
* list
* Types
* Activities
* ChannelGrouping
* ClickThroughUrlSuffixProperties
* Compatibility
* Conversion
* ConversionStatus
* CustomRichMediaEvents
* DayPartTargeting
* DefaultClickThroughEventTagProperties
* DeliveryType
* Dimension
* DimensionValue
* EmailOwnerDeliveryType
* EncryptionInfo
* EventFilter
* EventTagOverride
* File
* FileList
* GeoTargeting
* KeyValueTargetingExpression
* LanguageTargeting
* LastModifiedInfo
* ListTargetingExpression
* LookbackConfiguration
* MatchType
* ObaIcon
* PathFilter
* PathMatchPosition
* PricingSchedule
* Recipient
* RepeatsOnWeekDays
* RunsOnDayOfMonth
* SortOrder
* SortedDimension
* TagSetting
* TechnologyTargeting
* VideoOffset
* v3.4
* Overview
* Dimensions, Metrics, and Filters
* REST Resources
* accountActiveAdSummaries
* Overview
* get
* accountPermissionGroups
* Overview
* get
* list
* accountPermissions
* Overview
* get
* list
* accountUserProfiles
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* accounts
* Overview
* get
* list
* patch
* update
* ads
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertiserGroups
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertiserLandingPages
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertisers
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* browsers
* Overview
* list
* campaignCreativeAssociations
* Overview
* insert
* list
* campaigns
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* changeLogs
* Overview
* get
* list
* cities
* Overview
* list
* connectionTypes
* Overview
* get
* list
* contentCategories
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* conversions
* Overview
* batchinsert
* batchupdate
* countries
* Overview
* get
* list
* creativeAssets
* Overview
* insert
* creativeFieldValues
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creativeFields
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creativeGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creatives
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* dimensionValues
* Overview
* query
* directorySites
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* dynamicTargetingKeys
* Overview
* delete
* insert
* list
* eventTags
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* files
* Overview
* get
* list
* floodlightActivities
* Overview
* delete
* generatetag
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* floodlightActivityGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* floodlightConfigurations
* Overview
* get
* list
* patch
* update
* inventoryItems
* Overview
* get
* list
* languages
* Overview
* list
* metros
* Overview
* list
* mobileApps
* Overview
* get
* list
* mobileCarriers
* Overview
* get
* list
* operatingSystemVersions
* Overview
* get
* list
* operatingSystems
* Overview
* get
* list
* orderDocuments
* Overview
* get
* list
* orders
* Overview
* get
* list
* placementGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* placementStrategies
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* placements
* Overview
* generatetags
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* platformTypes
* Overview
* get
* list
* postalCodes
* Overview
* get
* list
* projects
* Overview
* get
* list
* regions
* Overview
* list
* remarketingListShares
* Overview
* get
* patch
* update
* remarketingLists
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* reports
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* run
* update
* reports.compatibleFields
* Overview
* query
* reports.files
* Overview
* get
* list
* sites
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* sizes
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* subaccounts
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* targetableRemarketingLists
* Overview
* get
* list
* targetingTemplates
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* userProfiles
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRolePermissionGroups
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRolePermissions
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRoles
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* videoFormats
* Overview
* get
* list
* Types
* Activities
* ChannelGrouping
* ClickThroughUrlSuffixProperties
* Compatibility
* Conversion
* ConversionStatus
* CustomRichMediaEvents
* DayPartTargeting
* DefaultClickThroughEventTagProperties
* DeliveryType
* Dimension
* DimensionValue
* EmailOwnerDeliveryType
* EncryptionInfo
* EventFilter
* EventTagOverride
* File
* FileList
* GeoTargeting
* KeyValueTargetingExpression
* LanguageTargeting
* LastModifiedInfo
* ListTargetingExpression
* LookbackConfiguration
* MatchType
* ObaIcon
* PathFilter
* PathMatchPosition
* PricingSchedule
* Recipient
* RepeatsOnWeekDays
* RunsOnDayOfMonth
* SortOrder
* SortedDimension
* TagSetting
* TechnologyTargeting
* VideoOffset
* v3.3
* Overview
* Dimensions, Metrics, and Filters
* REST Resources
* accountActiveAdSummaries
* Overview
* get
* accountPermissionGroups
* Overview
* get
* list
* accountPermissions
* Overview
* get
* list
* accountUserProfiles
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* accounts
* Overview
* get
* list
* patch
* update
* ads
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertiserGroups
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertiserLandingPages
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* advertisers
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* browsers
* Overview
* list
* campaignCreativeAssociations
* Overview
* insert
* list
* campaigns
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* changeLogs
* Overview
* get
* list
* cities
* Overview
* list
* connectionTypes
* Overview
* get
* list
* contentCategories
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* conversions
* Overview
* batchinsert
* batchupdate
* countries
* Overview
* get
* list
* creativeAssets
* Overview
* insert
* creativeFieldValues
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creativeFields
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creativeGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* creatives
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* dimensionValues
* Overview
* query
* directorySites
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* dynamicTargetingKeys
* Overview
* delete
* insert
* list
* eventTags
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* files
* Overview
* get
* list
* floodlightActivities
* Overview
* delete
* generatetag
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* floodlightActivityGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* floodlightConfigurations
* Overview
* get
* list
* patch
* update
* inventoryItems
* Overview
* get
* list
* languages
* Overview
* list
* metros
* Overview
* list
* mobileApps
* Overview
* get
* list
* mobileCarriers
* Overview
* get
* list
* operatingSystemVersions
* Overview
* get
* list
* operatingSystems
* Overview
* get
* list
* orderDocuments
* Overview
* get
* list
* orders
* Overview
* get
* list
* placementGroups
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* placementStrategies
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* placements
* Overview
* generatetags
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* platformTypes
* Overview
* get
* list
* postalCodes
* Overview
* get
* list
* projects
* Overview
* get
* list
* regions
* Overview
* list
* remarketingListShares
* Overview
* get
* patch
* update
* remarketingLists
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* reports
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* run
* update
* reports.compatibleFields
* Overview
* query
* reports.files
* Overview
* get
* list
* sites
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* sizes
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* subaccounts
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* targetableRemarketingLists
* Overview
* get
* list
* targetingTemplates
* Overview
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* userProfiles
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRolePermissionGroups
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRolePermissions
* Overview
* get
* list
* userRoles
* Overview
* delete
* get
* insert
* list
* patch
* update
* videoFormats
* Overview
* get
* list
* Types
* Activities
* ClickThroughUrlSuffixProperties
* Compatibility
* Conversion
* ConversionStatus
* CustomRichMediaEvents
* DayPartTargeting
* DefaultClickThroughEventTagProperties
* DeliveryType
* Dimension
* DimensionValue
* EmailOwnerDeliveryType
* EncryptionInfo
* EventTagOverride
* File
* FileList
* GeoTargeting
* KeyValueTargetingExpression
* LanguageTargeting
* LastModifiedInfo
* ListTargetingExpression
* LookbackConfiguration
* PricingSchedule
* Recipient
* RepeatsOnWeekDays
* RunsOnDayOfMonth
* SortOrder
* SortedDimension
* TagSetting
* TechnologyTargeting
* VideoOffset
* * Standard Query Parameters
* Upload Media
The Campaign Manager 360 API v3.5 is deprecated and will be sunset on Apr 20,
2023. All users must migrate to a newer API version by that date.
* Home
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* Ads
* Campaign Manager 360
* API
* Reference
Send feedback
# Method: remarketingListShares.patch
Stay organized with collections Save and categorize content based on your
preferences.
Updates an existing remarketing list share. This method supports patch
semantics.
### HTTP request
`PATCH
https://dfareporting.googleapis.com/dfareporting/v4/userprofiles/{profileId}/remarketingListShares`
The URL uses gRPC Transcoding syntax.
### Path parameters
Parameters
`profileId`
`string (int64 format)`
User profile ID associated with this request.
### Query parameters
Parameters
`id`
`string (int64 format)`
RemarketingList ID.
### Request body
The request body contains an instance of `RemarketingListShare`.
### Response body
If successful, the response body contains an instance of
`RemarketingListShare`.
### Authorization Scopes
Requires the following OAuth scope:
* `https://www.googleapis.com/auth/dfatrafficking`
Send feedback
Except as otherwise noted, the content of this page is licensed under the
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License, and code samples are licensed under
the Apache 2.0 License. For details, see the Google Developers Site Policies.
Java is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Last updated 2022-06-14 UTC.
[{ "type": "thumb-down", "id": "missingTheInformationINeed", "label":"Missing
the information I need" },{ "type": "thumb-down", "id":
"tooComplicatedTooManySteps", "label":"Too complicated / too many steps" },{
"type": "thumb-down", "id": "outOfDate", "label":"Out of date" },{ "type":
"thumb-down", "id": "samplesCodeIssue", "label":"Samples / code issue" },{
"type": "thumb-down", "id": "otherDown", "label":"Other" }] [{ "type":
"thumb-up", "id": "easyToUnderstand", "label":"Easy to understand" },{ "type":
"thumb-up", "id": "solvedMyProblem", "label":"Solved my problem" },{ "type":
"thumb-up", "id": "otherUp", "label":"Other" }] Need to tell us more?
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*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
|
spiderum_text/2714 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
google_logo Play
Igre
Aplikacije
Filmovi i TV
Knjige
Djeca
none
search
help_outline
* Prijavite se putem Googlea
* * play_appsZbirka i uređaji
* paymentPlaćanja i pretplate
* reviewsAktivnosti na Playu
* redeemPonude
* * settingsPostavke
* Pravila o privatnosti • Uvjeti pružanja usluge
Igre
Aplikacije
Filmovi i TV
Knjige
Djeca
Slika ikone
Slika ikone
# Google autentifikator
Google LLC
3,6star
434 tis. recenzija
100 mil.+
Preuzimanja
Ocjena sadržaja
Svi
info
Instaliraj
Dodajte na popis želja
Slika snimke zaslona
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Slika snimke zaslona
Slika snimke zaslona
Slika snimke zaslona
## O ovoj aplikaciji
arrow_forward
Google autentifikator generira kodove za Potvrdu u dva koraka na vašem
telefonu.
Potvrda u dva koraka pruža snažniju zaštitu za vaš Google račun zahtijevanjem
dodatnog koraka za potvrdu prilikom prijave. Osim zaporke, trebat će vam i kôd
generiran pomoću aplikacije Google autentifikator na vašem telefonu.
Saznajte više o Potvrdi u dva koraka: https://g.co/2step
Značajke:
* Generirajte kontrolne kodove bez podatkovne veze.
* Google autentifikator funkcionira s mnogim davateljima usluga i računima.
* Dostupna je Tamna tema.
* Automatsko postavljanje pomoću QR koda.
* Prenosite račune na druge uređaje pomoću QR koda.
Obavijest o dopuštenjima:
Fotoaparat: dopuštenje je potrebno za dodavanje računa pomoću QR kodova.
Ažurirano
14\. srp 2022.
Alati
## Sigurnost podataka
arrow_forward
Sigurnost počinje razumijevanjem načina na koji razvojni programeri
prikupljaju i dijele vaše podatke. Prakse privatnosti i sigurnosti podataka
mogu se razlikovati ovisno o vašoj upotrebi, regiji i dobi. Te informacije
pružio je razvojni programer koji ih tijekom vremena može ažurirati.
Slika ikone
Podaci se ne dijele s trećim stranama
Saznajte više o tome kako razvojni programeri navode dijeljenje
Slika ikone
Ova aplikacija može prikupljati ove vrste podataka
Aktivnost aplikacije, Podaci o aplikaciji i izvedba i Identifikatori uređaja
ili drugi identifikatori
Slika ikone
Podaci se šifriraju tijekom prijenosa
Slika ikone
Podaci se ne mogu izbrisati
Prikaži pojedinosti
## Ocjene i recenzije
Ocjene i recenzije su potvrđeneinfo_outline
arrow_forward
Ocjene i recenzije su potvrđeneinfo_outline
3,6
434 tis. recenzija
5
4
3
2
1
slavko Podvezanec
more_vert
* Označite kao neprikladno
6\. listopada 2022.
smatram aplikaciju dosta dobrom dA me zaštiti.Pozdrav.
Jedna osoba smatra ovu recenziju korisnom
Je li vam to bilo korisno?
Da
Ne
Tomislav Stiperski (Mastervision)
more_vert
* Označite kao neprikladno
7\. studenoga 2022.
Microsoft i instagram ne zele raditi
3 osobe smatraju ovu recenziju korisnom
Je li vam to bilo korisno?
Da
Ne
Petar Z
more_vert
* Označite kao neprikladno
28\. srpnja 2022.
RETARDIRANO
6 osoba smatra ovu recenziju korisnom
Je li vam to bilo korisno?
Da
Ne
Prikaži sve recenzije
## Što je novo
* Dodano je šifriranje uređaja radi bolje zaštite pohranjivanja tajnih informacija.
flagOznačite kao neprikladno
## Kontaktirajte autora
expand_more
language
Web-lokacija
https://support.google.com/accounts/bin/answer.py?hl=en&answer=1066447
email
E-pošta
[email protected]
place
Adresa
1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View 94043
verified_user
Pravila o privatnosti
http://www.google.com/policies/privacy
## Slične aplikacije
arrow_forward
Slika minijature
Twilio Authy Authenticator
Authy
4,4star
Slika minijature
Microsoft Authenticator
Microsoft Corporation
4,7star
Slika minijature
2FA Authenticator (2FAS)
2FAS
4,6star
Slika minijature
Duo Mobile
Duo Security LLC
3,1star
Slika minijature
TOTP Authenticator – 2FA with
BinaryBoot
4,0star
Slika minijature
Keeper Password Manager
Keeper Security, Inc.
4,6star
## Više od autora Google LLC
arrow_forward
Slika minijature
YouTube TV: Live TV & more
Google LLC
4,2star
Slika minijature
YouTube TV: Live TV & more
Google LLC
2,4star
Slika minijature
Google Chat
Google LLC
4,1star
Slika minijature
Google Prevoditelj
Google LLC
4,3star
Slika minijature
YouTube Kids
Google LLC
4,3star
Slika minijature
Google Wallet
Google LLC
4,1star
flagOznačite kao neprikladno
Google Play
Play Pass
Play Points
Darovne kartice
Iskoristi
Pravila povrata
Djeca i obitelj
Vodič za roditelje
Dijeljenje s obitelji
Uvjeti pružanja usluge
Privatnost
O Google Playu
Razvojni programeri
Google Store
Sjedinjene Američke Države (Hrvatski)
*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
|
spiderum_text/117 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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|
spiderum_text/3154 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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# Tattaunawa
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
Chết vì cái đẹp là có thật, nghĩ cũng thương các chị em thật :(
https://tinhte.vn/threads/2-nguoi-nhiem-hiv-hang-tram-nguoi-co-nguy-co-phoi-
nhiem-do-lam-dep-bang-mat-na-mau.2953312/…
Fassara Tweet
8:21 AM · 1 May, 2019
*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
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*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
|
spiderum_text/1601 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
Tinhte
Mạng xã hội
Cộng đồng Tinhte - Android
Cộng đồng
Android
Thảo luận
96.498 bài
Trung bình
157 bài/ ngày
Theo dõi bởi
13.774 thành viên
Đăng ký theo dõi Ghim Chia sẻ
* * *
* Thảo luận
* Mẹo & Tin
* Hướng dẫn
User not exist\+ Tạo bài viết
Cộng đồng Tinhte - Android
Cộng đồng
Android
Thảo luận
96.498 bài
Trung bình
157 bài/ ngày
Theo dõi bởi
13.774 thành viên
1. Tin mới
2. Sản phẩm công nghệ mới
3. Khuyến mãi
4. Sự kiện
5. Video
1. ### Tinh tế
1. Nội quy diễn đàn
2. Thỏa thuận sử dụng dịch vụ
3. Góp ý
4. Hỗ trợ, hướng dẫn
5. Liên hệ quảng cáo
6. Tinh tế RSS
2. ### Cộng đồng
1. Điện thoại
2. Máy tính
3. Camera
4. Xe
5. Khoa học công nghệ
3. ### Nhật Tảo
1. Mua bán điện thoại
2. Mua bán máy tính
3. Mua bán máy tính bảng
4. Mua bán camera
5. Mua bán đồng hồ thông minh
6. Mua bán xe
7. Mua bán điện máy
8. Mua bán sim, sim 3G
4. ### Liên kết
1. Cà phê Tinh tế
2. Khắc tên
3. ChiMua.vn
4. 1Tudien
5. NhacCuaTui
6. 5Giay
7. Webtretho
8. Biker Vietnam
5. ### Theo dõi chúng tôi
1. Facebook
2. Youtube
3. Flickr
4. Twitter
5. Google+
* Chịu trách nhiệm nội dung: Trần Mạnh Hiệp
* © 2023 Công ty Cổ phần MXH Tinh Tế
* Địa chỉ: Số 70 Bà Huyện Thanh Quan, P. Võ Thị Sáu, Quận 3, TPHCM
* Số điện thoại: 02862713156
* MST: 0313255119
* Giấy phép thiết lập MXH số 11/GP-BTTTT, Ký ngày: 08/01/2019
*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
|
spiderum_text/1177 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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# Conversation
Business profile picture
Google Docs
@googledocs
We don’t carry water for any astrological sign in particular, but we strongly
believe that Aquarians are born between Jan 20 and Feb 18. →
https://goo.gle/3vgWSok
Image
5:32 PM · Feb 9, 2023·
69.7K
Views
9
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5
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Tiantum wallanaum
@RTiantum
·
Feb 10
Replying to
@googledocs
News media is ok
ladygoldenone1
@ladygoldenone1
·
Feb 12
Replying to
@googledocs
All of the above
*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
|
spiderum_text/4629 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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## Contents
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* (Top)
* 1History
* 1.1Beginnings (1990–1995)
* 1.21995–2000
* 1.32000–2014
* 1.42015 refocus
* 1.52018 redesign and paywall
* 1.6Michael Bloomberg presidential campaign
* 2Controversy
* 2.1China coverage
* 2.2Super Micro Computer chip controversy
* 2.3Vinci reporting fine
* 3Bloomberg Businessweek
* 4Bloomberg Television
* 5Bloomberg Markets
* 6Bloomberg Opinion
* 7Bloomberg Politics
* 8See also
* 9References
* 10External links
Toggle the table of contents
# Bloomberg News
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
International news agency based in New York City
This article is about the Bloomberg news agency. For the current parent
company, see Bloomberg L.P.
Bloomberg NewsNew Bloomberg Logo.svg
FormerlyBloomberg Business News (1990–1997)
TypeDivision
IndustryNews agency
Founded1990; 33 years ago (1990)
FoundersMichael Bloomberg
Matthew Winkler
Headquarters731 Lexington Avenue, New York City, United States
London, United Kingdom
Hong Kong
Key people
John Micklethwait
(Editor-in-chief)
OwnerMichael Bloomberg (88%) and Bank of America (12%; through Merrill Lynch)
Number of employees
2,300
ParentBloomberg L.P.
Websitewww.bloomberg.com
Footnotes / references
[1]
Mike Bloomberg Headshot \(cropped\).jpg This article is part of a series about
Michael Bloomberg
* Political positions
* Electoral history
* * *
Bloomberg L.P.
* Terminal
* News
* Television
* Radio
* Businessweek
* Markets
* * *
Mayor of New York City
* Mayoralty
* Elections
* 2001
* 2005
* 2009
* * *
2020 presidential campaign
* Primaries
* Endorsements
* * *
Bloomberg Philanthropies
* Beyond Coal
* Everytown for Gun Safety
* * *
* Draft Bloomberg movement
* Portable Bloomberg: The Wit and
Wisdom of Michael Bloomberg
* * *
Michael Bloomberg Signature.svg
Flag of the Mayor of New York City.svg
* v
* t
* e
Bloomberg News (originally Bloomberg Business News) is an international news
agency headquartered in New York City and a division of Bloomberg L.P. Content
produced by Bloomberg News is disseminated through Bloomberg Terminals,
Bloomberg Television, Bloomberg Radio, Bloomberg Businessweek, Bloomberg
Markets, Bloomberg.com, and Bloomberg's mobile platforms. Since 2015, John
Micklethwait has served as editor-in-chief.[2]
## History[edit]
Bloomberg News was founded by Michael Bloomberg and Matthew Winkler in 1990 to
deliver financial news reporting to Bloomberg Terminal subscribers.[3]
The agency was established in 1990 with a team of six people.[4] Winkler was
first editor-in-chief.[5] In 2010, Bloomberg News included more than 2,300
editors and reporters in 72 countries and 146 news bureaus worldwide.[6][7]
### Beginnings (1990–1995)[edit]
Bloomberg Business News was created to expand the services offered through the
terminals. According to Matthew Winkler, then a writer for The Wall Street
Journal, Michael Bloomberg telephoned him in November 1989 and asked, "What
would it take to get into the news business?"[8]
In his book, The Bloomberg Way, Winkler recalls a conversation with Bloomberg
about a hypothetical ethical dilemma which could have arisen from Bloomberg's
interest in creating a newspaper:
> "You have just published a story that says the chairman—and I mean
> chairman—of your biggest customer has taken $5 million from the corporate
> till. He is with his secretary at a Rio de Janeiro resort, and the
> secretary's spurned boyfriend calls to tip you off. You get an independent
> verification that the story is true. Then the phone rings. The customer's
> public-relations person says, 'Kill the story or we will return all the
> terminals we currently rent from you.'"
> "What would you do?" Winkler asked.
> "Go with the story," Bloomberg replied. "Our lawyers will love the fees you
> generate."[9][10]
Winkler recalls this as his "deciding moment", the time at which he became
willing to help Bloomberg build his news organization.[9][10]
The publication was created to provide concise, timely financial news.[11] As
a new company in 1990, Bloomberg hoped that the news service would spread the
company name, sell more Bloomberg Terminals and end Bloomberg's reliance on
the Dow Jones News Services.[3]
The creation of Bloomberg Business News required Winkler to open a Bloomberg
office in Washington, D.C., to report about political effects on the business
world. However, the Standing Committee of Correspondents (SCC) in Washington
required Bloomberg News be formally accredited to act as a legitimate news
source, a title that Bloomberg Business News only accomplished after agreeing
to provide free terminals to major newspapers in exchange for news space in
the publications.[3] During this growth period Bloomberg News opened a small
television station in New York, purchased New York radio station WNEW,
launched fifteen-minute weekday business news programs for broadcast on PBS,
and opened offices in Hong Kong and Frankfurt, Germany.[3]
### 1995–2000[edit]
The initial goal of Bloomberg Business News to increase terminal sales was met
by the mid-1990s and the company refocused the scope of its news service to
rival the profitability of other media groups such as Reuters and Dow Jones.
This led to the creation of Bloomberg's magazine, Bloomberg Personal, in 1995,
which was carried in the Sunday edition of 18 U.S. papers.[12] In 1994,
Bloomberg launched a 24-hour financial news service through Bloomberg
Information Television, which was broadcast on DirecTV. Bloomberg also
launched a web site to provide the audio feed of its radio broadcasts.[3]
Bloomberg Business News was renamed Bloomberg News in 1997.[citation needed]
### 2000–2014[edit]
In 2009 Bloomberg News and The Washington Post launched a global news service
known as The Washington Post News Service with Bloomberg News, to provide
economic and political news.[13]
In April 2014, Bloomberg News launched the Bloomberg Luxury lifestyle section
of its paper.[14] The section's content covers topics including travel, wine
news, dining, auto news, gadgets, technology news, and more. It also
highlights content from Bloomberg's quarterly lifestyle and luxury magazine,
Pursuits.[citation needed]
### 2015 refocus[edit]
In 2015, an internal memo written by editor-in-chief John Micklethwait was
leaked to the public. This memo indicated an intent to refocus the agency to
better target its core audience, "the clever customer who is short of time,"
and better achieve the goal of being "the definitive 'chronicle of
capitalism.'"[2] This change led to a reduction in reporting on general
interest topics in favor of content related to business and economics.[2]
### 2018 redesign and paywall[edit]
In 2018, Micklethwait announced a new digital design for Bloomberg News.
Bloomberg uses a metered paywall to charge visitors for content, limiting
users to view 10 free articles per month with unlimited re-read option, and 30
minutes of Bloomberg Television watch per day with reset at local midnight
time.[15][16]
### Michael Bloomberg presidential campaign[edit]
In November 2019, as Michael Bloomberg announced his presidential campaign,
editor-in-chief John Micklethwait ordered his staff not to investigate their
boss, nor any other Democratic candidates, while investigations into Donald
Trump would continue, "as the government of the day".[17] Subsequent reporting
said Micklethwait was referring to a team of specialized investigative
reporters, as opposed to the overall political team, but he would not
elaborate or issue a public clarification despite newsroom staff wishing for
him to do so. Investigative journalists and political reporters operate
separately but reporting indicates this distinction would not be clear to the
general public.[18]
Following Bloomberg's announcement, the Houston Chronicle dropped Bloomberg as
a source for the 2020 Presidential campaign, saying that "journalists should
not choose targets based on their political affiliation."[19] Former Bloomberg
News DC Bureau Chief Megan Murphy also criticized the decision, saying it bars
"talented reporters and editors from covering massive, crucial aspects of one
of the defining elections of our time" and calling the decision to avoid
coverage "not journalism".[20] Responding to the controversy, Michael
Bloomberg told CBS News: “We just have to learn to live with some things." He
added that his reporters “get a paycheck. But with your paycheck comes some
restrictions and responsibilities.”[21]
Bloomberg suspended his campaign on March 4, 2020, the day after Super
Tuesday.
## Controversy[edit]
### China coverage[edit]
Bloomberg News received a 2012 George Polk Award for its series of stories
about China's political elite, "Revolution to Riches."[22][23]
One story in the series focused on the family wealth of Chinese leader Xi
Jinping.[24] Journalist and author Howard W. French reported in the May/June
2014 issue of the Columbia Journalism Review that prior to publication of the
Xi story, high-level Bloomberg officials met with Chinese diplomats twice
without informing the journalists who were working on the story.[25]
The first meeting was between Winkler and Zhang Yesui, the Chinese ambassador
to the United States. Zhang is said to have told Winkler, "If Bloomberg
publishes this story, bad things will happen for Bloomberg in China. If
Bloomberg does not publish the story, good things will happen for Bloomberg."
The second meeting occurred shortly thereafter in New York and included
Bloomberg Chairman Peter Grauer, the company's then Chief Executive Daniel
Doctoroff, and an unnamed Chinese diplomat.
Around the time of the second meeting, during a lengthy conference call with
Bloomberg reporters and editors, Doctoroff insisted on changes in the story
that softened its impact by revising the language used to describe the Xi
family's assets.[25]
After the Xi story appeared, terminal sales in China slowed because government
officials ordered state enterprises not to subscribe. The Bloomberg News
website was also blocked on Chinese servers, and the company was unable to get
visas for journalists it wanted to send to China.[26]
In 2014, Grauer told the staff at the Bloomberg Hong Kong bureau that the
company's sales team had done a "heroic job" of mending relations with Chinese
officials who had indicated their displeasure about the publication of the Xi
revelations. He also warned that if Bloomberg "were to do anything like" the
Xi story again, the company would "be straight back in the shit-box."[25]
On October 29, 2013, during a conference call, Winkler told four Bloomberg
journalists in Hong Kong that the findings of their major investigation into
"the hidden financial ties between one of the wealthiest men in China and the
families of top Chinese leaders" would not be published. Less than a week
later, a second planned article "about the children of senior Chinese
officials employed by foreign banks" was also killed, according to Bloomberg
employees.[27]
Unnamed Bloomberg employees quoted by The New York Times said the decision not
to publish was made by the company's top editors, led by Winkler. According to
one employee, Winkler said, "If we run the story, we'll be kicked out of
China."[27][28]
When contacted by the Times, Winkler said in an email that neither story had
been killed. "'What you have is untrue,'" he wrote. "'The stories are active
and not spiked.'" Laurie Hays, the senior editor on the articles, "echoed" his
statement. Winkler declined to discuss the conference call.[27]
The Winkler and Hays denials appeared in a story published by the Times on
November 8, 2013. At a mayoral news conference four days later, Michael
Bloomberg also denied the accusation. He "insisted" that Bloomberg News "did
not do that; the editors said that was just not the case." Noting Winkler's
response to the Times, he added, "No one thinks that we are wusses and not
willing to stand up and write stories that are of interest to the public and
that are factually correct." He also said that because he was mayor of New
York, he was not involved in the operations of the news agency. "I've recused
myself from anything to do with the company," he said.[29]
Three journalists left the company after news reports about the decision
appeared --- reporter Michael Forsythe, editor and reporter Amanda Bennett,
and Ben Richardson, an editor at large for Asia news.[30][31] Forsythe was the
lead writer on the Xi Jinping story.[25] Richardson said, "I left Bloomberg
because of the way the story was mishandled, and because of how the company
made misleading statements in the global press and senior executives
disparaged the team that worked so hard to execute an incredibly demanding
story." He also said that the company has threatened the journalists who
worked on the story with legal action if they discuss the incident
publicly.[32][28]
Taiwan-based Next Media Animation produced an animated cartoon ridiculing
Winkler and Michael Bloomberg.[33]
According to French, Bloomberg's handling of the episode "has tainted its
corporate identity and journalism brand to a degree that could last for
years."[25]
### Super Micro Computer chip controversy[edit]
On October 4, 2018, Bloomberg's Businessweek magazine featured an article
written by Jordan Robertson and Michael Riley, in which they claimed to have
evidence that US companies who were clients of Super Micro Computer had
experienced a series of supply chain attacks. The article claimed that the
subsidiary of Super Micro Computer, Elemental Technologies, had implanted a
chip the size of a pencil tip onto their motherboards that allowed China to
gain access to the hardware. It also alleged, based on a quote from a source
in the US government, that companies affected by these attacks included Amazon
and Apple.[34] The stock price of Super Micro Computer sank by 40% on the day
the article was released.
On October 9, 2018, VICE released an interview with someone who said that he
had mentioned the theoretical scenario to one of the authors of the article,
Jordan Robertson, more than a year before its release.[35]
Regarding the report, FBI Director Christopher Wray said[36] in Senate on Oct.
10 "be careful what you read."
Apple's CEO Tim Cook denied the claim that the company had been affected in an
interview with Buzzfeed News, stating: "This did not happen. There's no truth
to this."[37] Apple also released an official statement: "We did not uncover
any unusual vulnerabilities in the servers we purchased from Super Micro when
we updated the firmware and software according to our standard
procedures."[38] Apple's denials have also been supported by DHS and
GCHQ.[39][40]
Pinwest, a media company founded in Silicon Valley and based in Beijing,
identified the chip mentioned in the article as a balun. Pinwest pointed out
that its size made it impossible to implement any form of attack; it did not
have the storage space required to store commands that would allow a hacker to
infiltrate the hardware. They suggested that Businessweek had underestimated
security standards employed by Amazon and Apple.[41]
Despite providing no further evidence, Bloomberg continued to claim that the
article had been verified by its team. It has not been retracted.[42]
### Vinci reporting fine[edit]
On December 16, 2019, France's financial markets watchdog, the Autorité des
marchés financiers (AMF), fined Bloomberg €5,000,000 for a report based on a
fake news release that triggered a plunge in the shares of French construction
giant Vinci and wiped billions off its market value. The AMF said Bloomberg
distributed "information that it should have known was false" and that
Bloomberg did not respect journalistic ethics "as no verification of the
information was undertaken before publication".[43]
## Bloomberg Businessweek[edit]
See also: Bloomberg Businessweek
Bloomberg L.P. bought weekly business magazine Businessweek from McGraw-Hill
in 2009.[44] The company acquired the magazine to attract general business to
its media audience composed primarily of terminal subscribers. Following the
acquisition, Businessweek was renamed Bloomberg Businessweek.[45] Bloomberg
Businessweek became a part of Bloomberg News after the acquisition from
Bloomberg L.P.[46]
## Bloomberg Television[edit]
See also: Bloomberg Television
Bloomberg Television is a 24-hour financial news television network. It was
introduced in 1994 as a subscription service transmitted on satellite
television provider DirecTV, 13 hours a day, 7 days a week.[47] In 1995, the
network entered the cable television market and by 2000, Bloomberg's 24-hour
news programming was being aired to 200 million households.[48] Justin Smith
serves as CEO of the Bloomberg Media Group which includes Bloomberg Radio,
Bloomberg Television and mobile, online and advertising-supported components
of Bloomberg's media offerings.[49]
## Bloomberg Markets[edit]
See also: Bloomberg Markets
Originally launched in July 1992 under the title Bloomberg: A Magazine for
Bloomberg Users, Bloomberg Markets was a monthly magazine given to all
Bloomberg Professional Service subscribers.[50] In addition to providing
international financial news to industry professionals, the magazine included
points for navigating terminal functionality. In 2010, the magazine was
redesigned in an effort to update its readership beyond terminal users.[51]
Ron Henkoff has served as editor of Bloomberg Markets since 1999[52] and
Michael Dukmejian has served as the magazine's publisher since 2009.[53]
## Bloomberg Opinion[edit]
Bloomberg Opinion, formerly Bloomberg View, is an editorial division of
Bloomberg News which launched in May 2011, and provides content from
columnists, authors and editors about current news issues.[54] Timothy L.
O'Brien, a former New York Times reporter and editor, is senior executive
editor of the division.[55]
Bloomberg Editor-in-Chief John Micklethwait admitted in an email to staffers
that Michael Bloomberg controls the editorial output of the Opinion section,
stating "our editorials have reflected his views".[citation needed]
## Bloomberg Politics[edit]
This section needs to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect
recent events or newly available information. (February 2017)
Bloomberg Politics provides political coverage via digital, print and
broadcast media.[56][57] The multimedia venture, which debuted in October
2014, featured the daily television news program With All Due Respect, hosted
by Bloomberg Politics Managing Editors Mark Halperin and John Heilemann.[58]
The program came to an end on December 2, 2016.[59][60]
In 2016, Bloomberg Politics produced a documentary on the 2016 US presidential
election called The Circus: Inside the Greatest Political Show on Earth.[61]
## See also[edit]
* Journalism portal
* flag United States portal
## References[edit]
1. ^ Jack W. Plunkett (2009). Plunkett's E-Commerce and Internet Business Almanac. Plunkett Research, Ltd. p. 209\. ISBN 9781593921156.
2. ^ a b c Julia Greenberg (September 2, 2015). "Bloomberg's Future Is the Future of News for Everyone". Wired. ISSN 1059-1028. Retrieved February 16, 2019.
3. ^ a b c d e Paul Bodine (2004). Make It New: Essays in the History of American Business. Lincoln, Nebraska: iUniverse. pp. 180–190. ISBN 9780595309214. Retrieved March 15, 2013.
4. ^ "Bloomberg Solutions". Bloomberg News. Archived from the original on June 24, 2010. Retrieved May 14, 2013.
5. ^ "Cult of Bloomberg way underpinned by accuracy". The Australian. Retrieved October 26, 2011.
6. ^ "At A Glance". Bloomberg Press Room. Archived from the original on July 7, 2012. Retrieved March 18, 2013.
7. ^ "Bloomberg News editor-in-chief speaks about the economy and the presidential election". UNC School of Journalism and Mass Communication. Archived from the original on February 24, 2013. Retrieved March 18, 2013.
8. ^ Radcliffe, Damian (January 8, 2020). "In conversation with Matthew Winkler, Editor-in-Chief Emeritus and co-founder of Bloomberg News". Medium. Retrieved February 21, 2020.
9. ^ a b Matthew Winkler; Jennifer Sondag (2014). The Bloomberg Way. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. pp. xi–xii. ISBN 978-1-118-84226-3.
10. ^ a b Winkler, Matthew; Sondag, Jennifer (February 20, 2014). The Bloomberg Way: A Guide for Reporters and Editors. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1-118-84233-1.
11. ^ Michael Bloomberg (1997). Bloomberg by Bloomberg. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. pp. 79–100. ISBN 0-471-15545-4.
12. ^ Group, Gale (2011). International Directory of Company Histories Vol. 126 (Casebound ed.). Farmington Hills, Michigan: St. James Press. ISBN 9781558628083.
13. ^ Carr, David (September 27, 2009). "To Cover World, CBS Joins With a News Site". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 21, 2020.
14. ^ "Bloomberg to Build Luxury Online". Women's Wear Daily. April 23, 2014.
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16. ^ "Bloomberg subscriptions". Bloomberg.com. Retrieved May 20, 2020.
17. ^ Hirsch, Lauren; Schwartz, Brian (November 24, 2019). "Bloomberg News will not investigate Mike Bloomberg or his Democratic rivals during primary". CNBC. Retrieved November 26, 2019.
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19. ^ Wise, Justin (December 12, 2019). "Houston Chronicle stops using Bloomberg News wire stories for campaign coverage". TheHill.
20. ^ Murphy, Megan (November 24, 2019). "It is truly staggering that *any* editor would put their name on a memo that bars an army of unbelievably talented reporters and editors from covering massive, crucial aspects of one of the defining elections of our time. Staggering".
21. ^ "Bloomberg: His news reporters need to accept restrictions". ABC News.
22. ^ "George Polk Awards". Long Island University. February 18, 2013. Retrieved January 26, 2018.
23. ^ "Revolution to Riches". Bloomberg News. Archived from the original on December 31, 2012. Retrieved July 13, 2014.
24. ^ "Xi Jinping Millionaire Relations Reveal Fortunes of Elite". Bloomberg News. June 29, 2012. Retrieved November 9, 2014.
25. ^ a b c d e Howard W. French (May 1, 2014). "Bloomberg's Folly". Columbia Journalism Review. Retrieved December 7, 2014.
26. ^ Edward Wong; Christine Haughney (November 17, 2013). "Bloomberg News Suspends Reporter Whose Article on China Was Not Published". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 16, 2019.
27. ^ a b c Edward Wong (November 8, 2013). "Bloomberg News Is Said to Curb Articles That Might Anger China". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 16, 2019.
28. ^ a b Folkenflik, David (April 14, 2020). "Bloomberg News Killed Investigation, Fired Reporter, Then Sought To Silence His Wife". NPR. Retrieved April 15, 2020.
29. ^ Ben Sisario (November 12, 2013). "Bloomberg Says News Service Did Not Kill Articles on China". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 16, 2019.
30. ^ James Fallows (March 25, 2014). "Another Bloomberg Editor Explains Why He Has Resigned, Over Its China Coverage". The Atlantic.
31. ^ Ravi Somaiya (March 24, 2014). "Editor Leaves Bloomberg, Citing China Coverage". The New York Times.
32. ^ Jim Romenesko (March 24, 2014). "Ben Richardson Quits Bloomberg News Over Handling of Investigative Piece". JimRomenesko.com. Archived from the original on June 2, 2014. Retrieved June 1, 2014.
33. ^ Edward Wong (November 8, 2013). "Animated Take on Bloomberg's Coverage of China". Sinosphere Blog. Retrieved February 16, 2019 – via The New York Times.
34. ^ "The Big Hack: How China Used a Tiny Chip to Infiltrate U.S. Companies". www.bloomberg.com. October 4, 2018. Retrieved May 21, 2022.
35. ^ "The China stealth hacking report just took a major hit — from one of the story's sources". www.vice.com. Retrieved May 21, 2022.
36. ^ Haselton, Todd (October 10, 2018). "FBI director on whether Apple and Amazon servers had Chinese spy chips: 'Be careful what you read'". CNBC. Retrieved November 23, 2022.
37. ^ "Apple CEO Tim Cook Is Calling For Bloomberg To Retract Its Chinese Spy Chip Story". www.buzzfeednews.com. Retrieved May 21, 2022.
38. ^ "What Businessweek got wrong about Apple". www.apple.com. Retrieved May 21, 2022.
39. ^ "GCHQ, the UK's equivalent of the NSA, says it believes Apple's denial of spy chip claim". www.9to5mac.com. October 5, 2018. Retrieved May 21, 2022.
40. ^ "Super Micro China super spy chip super scandal: US Homeland Security, UK spies back Amazon, Apple denials". www.theregister.com. Retrieved May 21, 2022.
41. ^ "彭博社曝光的"间谍芯片"，我在淘宝1块钱就能买一个". www.pingwest.com (in Chinese). Retrieved May 21, 2022.
42. ^ "Bloomberg stands by Chinese chip story as Apple, Amazon ratchet up denials". www.arstechnica.com. October 5, 2018. Retrieved May 21, 2022.
43. ^ "Fake news report costs Bloomberg $7.6m in fines". The Straits Times. December 17, 2019. Retrieved December 23, 2019.
44. ^ Stephanie Clifford; David Carr (October 13, 2009). "Bloomberg Buys BusinessWeek From McGraw-Hill". The New York Times. Retrieved March 18, 2013.
45. ^ Tom Lowry (October 13, 2009). "Bloomberg Wins Bidding For BusinessWeek". Bloomberg Businessweek. Retrieved March 18, 2013.
46. ^ "Bloomberg Businessweek". Businessweek.com. Archived from the original on January 28, 2015.
47. ^ "Bloomberg L.P. History". FundingUniverse. Retrieved March 19, 2013.
48. ^ Danny Hakim (September 18, 2000). "Bloomberg Unit To Announce A Cable Deal". The New York Times. Retrieved March 19, 2013.
49. ^ "Bloomberg: a cloud built for world domination". DatacenterDynamics. Archived from the original on November 14, 2012. Retrieved March 19, 2013.
50. ^ Ian Hall (January 17, 2003). "MEDIA: Bloomberg's mag to be launched in the UK high street". BrandRepublic. Retrieved March 19, 2013.
51. ^ "MEDIA: Bloomberg Strikes Again". AdWeek. Retrieved March 19, 2013.
52. ^ "MEDIA: Ronald Henkoff". Bloomberg Link. Archived from the original on December 1, 2012. Retrieved March 19, 2013.
53. ^ Angela Martin (June 24, 2009). "Michael Dukmejian Joins BLOOMBERG MARKETS Magazine As Publisher" (Press release). Reuters. Archived from the original on November 14, 2012. Retrieved March 19, 2013.
54. ^ "Bloomberg View reveals columnists, editorial board". Politico. Retrieved March 20, 2013.
55. ^ Chris Roush (July 7, 2022). "O'Brien named editor of Bloomberg Opinion". Talking Biz News. Retrieved January 11, 2023.
56. ^ "Bloomberg Announces First New Digital-Led, Multi-Platform Brand: Bloomberg Politics" (Press release). Bloomberg News. May 4, 2014. Archived from the original on May 6, 2014. Retrieved September 23, 2014.
57. ^ Joe Pompeo (August 4, 2014). "Mike Nizza named executive editor of Bloomberg's politics site". Capital New York. Archived from the original on September 9, 2014. Retrieved September 23, 2014.
58. ^ Hadas Gold (October 5, 2014). "Bloomberg Politics kicks off". Politico. Retrieved October 16, 2014.
59. ^ Kelsey Sutton; Hadas Gold; Joe Pompeo. "Bloomberg to end 'With All Due Respect' as company reorganizes Bloomberg Politics". Politico. Retrieved March 1, 2017.
60. ^ Sydney Ember (November 17, 2016). "Bloomberg to End Its Daily Politics Show". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 16, 2019.
61. ^ Brian Stelter (December 15, 2015). "Showtime creating weekly documentary series about 2016 election 'circus'". CNN Money. Retrieved January 26, 2018.
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*[11:39 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[11:35 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[08:31 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[14:01 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[13:28 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[12:15 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[08:44 ngày 18/2/23]:
|
spiderum_text/5069 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
Google Workspace
* Solutions
close
#### arrow_forward
Solutions Afficher toutes les applications
Pour les particuliers
* AperçuGoogle Workspace Individual
Pour les entreprises
* AperçuGoogle Workspace Business
* Petite entrepriseOutils de productivité pour petites entreprises
* Nouvelle entrepriseOutils pour nouvelles entreprises
* Entreprises en démarrageOutils de productivité pour entreprises en démarrage
Pour Enterprise
* AperçuGoogle Workspace Enterprise
* Travailleurs de première ligneGoogle Workspace en première ligne
* Travailler de façon plus sécuritaireProtéger les organisations des cyberattaques
#### arrow_forward
Solutions Afficher toutes les applications
* Concepteurs
* Ãducation
* Organismes sans but lucratif
* Produits
close
#### Applications incluses arrow_forward
Produits Afficher toutes les applications
* GmailAdresse de courriel personnalisée
* Google AgendaAgendas partagés
* DriveStockage infonuagique
* MeetVidéoconférences et conférences audio
* DocsTraitement de texte
* SheetsFeuilles de calcul
* SlidesCréateur de présentations
* ChatMessagerie pour les équipes
#### Sécurité et gestion arrow_forward
Produits Afficher toutes les applications
* Console d'administrateur
* Modules complémentaires
* Secteurs
close
#### arrow_forward
Secteurs Afficher toutes les applications
Secteurs
* Soins de santé et sciences de la vie
* Vente au détail
* Entreprises de fabrication
* Gouvernement et secteur public
* Services professionnels
* Technologie
Services
* Vente
* Marketing
* Ressources humaines
#### arrow_forward
Secteurs Afficher toutes les applications
* Sécurité
* Prix
* Ressources
close
#### arrow_forward
Ressources Afficher toutes les applications
Découvrir
* SécuritéProtéger vos données
* Travailler à distanceRessources pour travailler à distance
* Témoignages des clientsÃtudes de cas et vidéos
* BlogueActualité et témoignages les plus récents concernant les produits
Apprendre
* FAQRéponses aux questions fréquemment posées
* Formation et certificationFormation sur demande ou en classe
* Ãvénements en direct et sur demandeExplorer les événements et les séminaires Web
* VidéoconférenceEn savoir plus sur Google Meet
Connexion
* PartenairesTrouver le bon partenaire
* MarketplaceParcourir et installer des applications
* Modules complémentaires Google WorkspaceIntégrer des applications tierces
* Recommander Google WorkspaceAccumuler des récompenses avec notre programme de parrainage
#### arrow_forward
Ressources Afficher toutes les applications
* Assistance pour les administrateurs
* Assistance pour les utilisateurs
* Console d'administrateur
* Communiquer avec le service commercial
* Démarrer
menu clear
* Solutions
* * Pour les particuliers
* Pour les entreprises
* Aperçu
* Petite entreprise
* Nouvelle entreprise
* Entreprises en démarrage
* Pour Enterprise
* Aperçu
* Travailleurs de première ligne
* Travailler de façon plus sécuritaire
* * Concepteurs
* Ãducation
* Organismes sans but lucratif
* Produits
* Applications incluses
* Gmail
* Google Agenda
* Drive
* Meet
* Plus de détails Moins de détails
* Docs
* Sheets
* Slides
* Chat
* Sécurité et gestion
* Console d'administrateur
* Modules complémentaires
* Secteurs
* * Secteurs
* Soins de santé et sciences de la vie
* Vente au détail
* Entreprises de fabrication
* Gouvernement et secteur public
* Services professionnels
* Technologie
* Services
* Vente
* Marketing
* Ressources humaines
* * Sécurité
* Prix
* Ressources
* * Découvrir
* Sécurité
* Travailler à distance
* Témoignages des clients
* Blogue
* Apprendre
* FAQ
* Formation et certification
* Ãvénements en direct et sur demande
* Vidéoconférence
* Connexion
* Partenaires
* Marketplace
* Modules complémentaires Google Workspace
* Recommander Google Workspace
* * Assistance pour les administrateurs
* Assistance pour les utilisateurs
Console d'administrateur
* Assistance pour les administrateurs
* Assistance pour les utilisateurs
Communiquer avec le service commercial Démarrer
# Google Sites
Créez des sites d'équipe attrayants en toute simplicité
* Créez à plusieurs des sites attrayants de qualité pour votre équipe, projet ou événement. Leur présentation sera irréprochable quel que soit l'écran utilisé, de l'ordinateur de bureau au smartphone. Le tout, sans qu'il soit nécessaire de s'y connaître en conception ou en programmation.
Démarrer
Communiquer avec le service commercial
## Créez un site, sans connaissances en programmation ou conception
Avec Google Sites, vous présentez en toute simplicité le travail de votre
équipe et accédez facilement à l'ensemble de vos contenus dans
Google Workspace , qu'il s'agisse d'un dossier Drive, d'un fichier Docs ou
même d'un agenda partagé.
## Une présentation soignée sur tous les appareils
Des thèmes créés avec soin vous aident à mettre votre contenu en valeur.
Grâce à une optimisation efficace de votre travail, Google Sites vous permet
de créer une présentation soignée quel que soit l'appareil utilisé.
#### Créez et modifiez vos contenus en un tour de main
Pour créer ou modifier un contenu, rien de plus simple : il suffit de le
sélectionner, puis de le faire glisser. La mise en forme se réorganise
automatiquement selon une structure en grille. La présentation est
optimisée, et chaque élément peut être facilement déplacé,
redimensionné ou réagencé.
#### Conçu pour la collaboration
Google Sites facilite le travail à plusieurs grâce à l'édition collaborative
en temps réel et à ses options de partage efficaces, les mêmes que celles
que vous connaissez déjà dans Drive et Docs. Tout comme dans Docs, vous
pouvez travailler à plusieurs et voir les modifications des uns et des autres
à mesure qu'elles sont apportées.
#### Sécurisez votre site, sans l'aide d'un informaticien
Les utilisateurs peuvent gérer les autorisations de partage et les droits de
propriété dans Sites en quelques clics seulement, de la même façon qu'ils
le feraient avec un document texte. Le contenu intégré conserve ses
autorisations initiales, pour un contrôle fiable et précis.
> Les services municipaux, des ressources humaines à l'organisation des
> secours, ont créé des sites superbes et puissants grâce à Sites, sans
> qu'aucune intervention des services informatiques ne soit nécessaireâ,
> déclare Ted. âNous pouvons nous concentrer sur la programmation et les
> employés ont la possibilité de générer du contenu de qualité selon les
> besoins.
> Ted Ross
> Ville de Los Angeles
> Plus d'infos
# Questions fréquentes sur Google Sites
#### Des utilisateurs externes peuvent-ils accéder à un site d'entreprise ?
Oui. Les personnes extérieures à votre entreprise peuvent accéder à votre
site, même lorsqu'elles ne possèdent pas de compte Google Workspace. Vous
pouvez également choisir de restreindre l'accès via les paramètres de
partage.
#### Puis-je modifier l'aspect et la convivialité de mon site?
Oui. Vous pouvez utiliser des thèmes préétablis créés par Google ou
choisir de créer votre propre thème, dans lequel vous pouvez personnaliser
les propriétés du site telles que les images, les polices, les boutons, la
disposition des menus, etc. Pour en savoir plus sur la création de thèmes
personnalisés, veuillez consulter cet article du centre d'aide.
#### Puis-je acheter un domaine via Google ?
Google peut vous aider à acheter un domaine en vous orientant vers l'un de ses
hébergeurs de domaine partenaires. Lors de l'inscription, sélectionnez
l'option Acheter un nouveau domaine. Vous serez alors invité à suivre les
instructions fournies pour configurer Google Workspace sur votre nouveau
domaine.
## Commencez dès aujourd'hui, c'est facile.
### Si vous avez besoin d'aide, une assistance vous est fournie par une
personne réelle 24 heures sur 24, 7 jours sur 7 par courriel, par clavardage
et par téléphone.
Démarrer
### Inscrivez-vous au bulletin d'information Google Workspace
Veuillez saisir une adresse courriel valide.
Pays {[country.countryName]}
Ce champ est obligatoire.
Je m'inscris également aux courriels Google Cloud contenant des actualités,
des mises à jour relatives aux produits, des renseignements sur des
événements, des offres spéciales et plus encore. (Facultatif; vous pouvez
vous désabonner plus tard.)
Ce champ est obligatoire.
Je comprends que mes données seront traitées conformément à la politique de
confidentialité de Google.
* En anglais uniquement
S'inscrire
Merci ! Nous vous contacterons prochainement.
* * video_youtube
* * * #### Applications incluses
* Gmail
* Meet
* Chat
* Google Agenda
* Drive
* Docs
* Sheets
* Slides
* Forms
* Google Sites
* Keep
* Apps Script
* Cloud Search
#### Sécurité et gestion
* Console d'administration
* Point d'extrémité
* Vault
* Work Insights
#### Solutions
* Nouvelle entreprise
* Petite entreprise
* Enterprise
* Education
* Organismes sans but lucratif
#### Prix
* Sélectionner une édition
#### Add-ons
* Accessoires Meet
* Jamboard
* AppSheet
#### Ressources
* Travail à distance
* Sécurité
* FAQ
* Partenaires
* Marketplace
* Google Workspace Add-ons
* Formation et certification
* Concepteurs
#### Apprentissage et assistance
* Aide Administrateur
* Centre de configuration et de déploiement
* Centre d'apprentissage pour les utilisateurs
* Forums pour les administrateurs
* Tableau de bord Google Workspace
* Trouver un partenaire Google Workspace
* Presse
#### Autres produits de Google
* Google Cloud
* Chrome Enterprise
* Google Solutions d'entreprise
* Google Ads
* Business Messages
* Se joindre aux études sur les utilisateurs
* Google
* Ã propos de Google
* Produits Google
* Confidentialité
* Conditions d'utilisation
language Français â Canada Changer de langue
* Bahasa Indonesia
* ÄeÅ¡tina
* Dansk
* Deutsch
* Deutsch â Schweiz
* English
* English â Australia
* English â Canada
* English â India
* English â Indonesia
* English â Ireland
* English â Malaysia
* English â New Zealand
* English â Philippines
* English â Singapore
* English â South Africa
* English â United Kingdom
* Español
* Español (Latinoamérica)
* Español (Latinoamérica) â Argentina
* Español (Latinoamérica) â México
* Español (Latinoamérica) â Estados Unidos
* Français
* Français â Canada
* Français â Suisse
* Italiano
* Magyar
* Nederlands
* Norsk
* Polski
* Português (Brasil)
* Português (Portugal)
* Suomi
* Svenska
* Tiếng Viá»t
* Türkçe
* Ð ÑÑÑкий
* УкÑаÑнÑÑка
* â«×¢×ר×תâ¬
* â«Ø§ÙعربÙØ©â¬
* â«Ø§ÙعربÙØ© â ٠صرâ¬
* à¹à¸à¸¢
* íêµì´
* ä¸æ (é¦æ¸¯)
* ä¸æï¼ç®ä½ä¸æï¼
* ä¸æï¼ç¹é«ä¸æï¼
* æ¥æ¬èª
*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate. Executive Order 135 §6 states that for "census years" (years divisible by 10) the reference date would be May 1st, but for all other years, the reference date is to be the "middle of the year". This means that growth rates, although correct, are not necessarily simple year-on-year comparisons.
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
*[11:24 ngày 21/2/23]:
*[18:45 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[14:42 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[17:56 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[11:21 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[11:39 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[11:35 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[08:31 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[14:01 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[13:28 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[12:15 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[08:44 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[Ref.]: References
*[PSGC]: Philippine Standard Geographic Code
*[SEC]: Securities and Exchange Commission
*[RTC]: Regional Trial Court
*[Crim.]: Criminal
*[ BBC ]: British Broadcasting Corporation
*[Barangay]: Total number of barangays
*[(DK)]: Denmark
*[(NO)]: Norway
*[(GB)]: United Kingdom
*[(IL)]: Israel
*[(FI)]: Finland
*[(HU)]: Hungary
*[(AU)]: Australia
*[(US)]: United States
*[(CA)]: Canada
*[(MU)]: Mauritius
*[(BB)]: Barbados
*[(KR)]: South Korea
*[(PK)]: Pakistan
*[(MR)]: Mauritania
|
spiderum_text/661 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa | https://policies.google.com/terms
|
spiderum_text/3622 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
* * *
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* * *
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*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
|
spiderum_text/3185 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
Twitter
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Password
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*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
|
spiderum_text/2062 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
Google Domains - Google Domains | Register your domain name
Overview
Get started
Domain search Professional email Website design Google Sites Online ads
Features
Learn
Support
Find a domain
Sign In
My domains
Search
Sign In
My domains
Google Domains - Google Domains | Register your domain name
search
Sign In
My domains
Google Domains - Google Domains | Register your domain name
Overview
Get started
Domain search Professional email Website design Google Sites Online ads
Features
Learn
Support
Find a domain
Sign In
My domains
Google Domains - Google Domains | Register your domain name
Domain search Professional email Website design Google Sites Online ads
My domains
[[butterbarCtrl.content.body]] [[butterbarCtrl.content.termsLabel]] Close
Find your place online
Choose from more than 300 domain endings. Get 24/7 Google support from
real humans.
Get it
Transfer a domain that you already own
Find your place online
Choose from more than 300 domain endings. Get 24/7 Google support from
real humans.
Get it
Transfer a domain that you already own
Put the power of Google behind your domain
Simple pricing. Extras included.
Domains start at /year. Email forwarding, privacy protection, one-click
DNSSEC, Google 2-Step Verification and more included.
Speed. Security. Support.
Experience speed and security using DNS servers that run on Google
infrastructure with 24/7 support.
More endings. More options.
Choose from more than 300 domain endings. From .com, to .photography, to
.cafe, find a simple, memorable domain that's just right for you.
More reasons to choose Google Domains
## All of the tools to get started. All in one place.
## Discover your perfect domain
### Find the right name to help people find you. Use our search and
suggestion tools. Pick from hundreds of domain name endings.
Learn how to find the right domain
* * *
## Get a professional email address
### Try built-in email forwarding to create up to 100 email aliases, or get
professional email along with other tools from Google Workspace.
Learn about Google Workspace and email forwarding
* * *
## Build your site, no coding required
### Whether you need to build a simple site, a blog or a robust e-commerce
solution, we have the tools and partners to help you build your website like
a pro.
Learn how to build and host your site
* * *
## Market your business online
### Get in front of customers searching for businesses like yours with
Google Ads. Increase website traffic, phone calls and shop visits â all on
any budget.
Learn about Google Ads
* * *
Find the right domain ending for your needs
Popular Art & Design Banking & Finance Community & Sports Marketing &
Comms Tech & Dev Service & Retail
Domain Price
.com
*
.org
*
.net
*
.dev
*
.app
*
.info
*
.co
*
.me
*
Domain Price
.art
*
.design
*
.gallery
*
.graphics
*
.photography
*
.photos
*
.studio
*
.video
*
Domain Price
.capital
*
.exchange
*
.finance
*
.fund
*
.market
*
.money
*
.services
*
.ventures
*
Domain Price
.club
*
.fan
*
.fans
*
.group
*
.live
*
.one
*
.run
*
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*
Domain Price
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*
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*
.email
*
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*
.media
*
.social
*
.studio
*
Domain Price
.app
*
.biz
*
.co
*
.dev
*
.io
*
.tech
*
.technology
*
.xyz
*
Domain Price
.pro
*
.repair
*
.restaurant
*
.sale
*
.salon
*
.shopping
*
.store
*
.studio
*
*Starting price per year
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Deutsch (Ãsterreich) Deutsch (Schweiz) Deutsch (Deutschland) English
(Australia) English (Canada) English (United Kingdom) English (India)
English (Mexico) English (Malaysia) English (New Zealand) English
(Philippines) English (United States) English (Singapore) English (South
Africa) español (Colombia) español (México) español (España)
français (Belgique) français (Canada) français (Suisse) français
(France) हिनà¥à¤¦à¥ (à¤à¤¾à¤°à¤¤) Indonesia (Indonesia) italiano
(Svizzera) italiano (Italia) æ¥æ¬èª (æ¥æ¬) Nederlands (België)
Nederlands (Nederland) polski (Polska) português (Brasil) svenska
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Nam) ä¸æ (å°æ¹¾) arrow_drop_down
*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
|
spiderum_text/5408 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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# Firebase Android SDK Release Notes
Stay organized with collections Save and categorize content based on your
preferences.
To review release notes for the Firebase console and for other Firebase
platforms and related SDKs, refer to the Firebase Release Notes.
Learn how to install these SDKs in your app: Add Firebase to your Android
Project.
Note that when using the Firebase Android BoM, you don't specify individual
library versions when you declare Firebase library dependencies in
`build.gradle`.
#### Compare Firebase BoM versions
### Latest SDK versions
### Kotlin+KTX
Service or Product Gradle dependency Latest
version Add Analytics?
Firebase Android BoM
(Bill of Materials) com.google.firebase:firebase-bom
The latest Firebase BoM version contains the latest versions of each Firebase
Android library. To learn which library versions are mapped to a specific BoM
version, review the release notes for that BoM version.
31.2.1
AdMob com.google.android.gms:play-services-ads 21.5.0
Analytics com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 21.2.0
App Check custom provider com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-ktx 16.1.1
App Check debug provider com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-debug 16.1.1
App Check Play Integrity provider com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-
playintegrity 16.1.1
App Distribution com.google.firebase:firebase-appdistribution 16.0.0-beta05
App Distribution API com.google.firebase:firebase-appdistribution-api-ktx
16.0.0-beta05
App Distribution plugin com.google.firebase:firebase-appdistribution-gradle
3.2.0
Authentication com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 21.1.0
Cloud Firestore com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 24.4.3
Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK com.google.firebase:firebase-
functions-ktx 20.2.2
Cloud Messaging com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 23.1.1
Cloud Storage com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 20.1.0
Crashlytics com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 18.3.4
Crashlytics NDK com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 18.3.4
Crashlytics plugin com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-gradle 2.9.4
Dynamic feature module support com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-module-
support 16.0.0-beta03
Dynamic Links com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 21.1.0
In-App Messaging com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 20.3.0
(required)
In-App Messaging Display com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-
ktx 20.3.0
(required)
Firebase installations com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 17.1.1
Firebase ML Model Downloader API com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-
modeldownloader-ktx 24.1.2
Performance Monitoring com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 20.3.1
Performance Monitoring plugin com.google.firebase:perf-plugin 1.4.2
Realtime Database com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 20.1.0
Remote Config com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 21.2.1
Google Play services plugin com.google.gms:google-services 4.3.15
Deprecated libraries
App Check SafetyNet provider com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-safetynet
16.1.1
App Indexing com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 20.0.0
Firebase ML Kit libraries
Firebase ML Custom Model APIs com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-
interpreter 22.0.4
Firebase ML Vision APIs com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision 24.1.0
Firebase ML: Image Labeling Model com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-
image-label-model 20.0.2
Firebase ML: Object Detection and Tracking Model com.google.firebase:firebase-
ml-vision-object-detection-model 19.0.6
Firebase ML: Face Detection Model com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-
model 20.0.2
Firebase ML: Barcode Scanning Model com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-
barcode-model 16.1.2
Firebase ML: AutoML Vision Edge API com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-
automl 18.0.6
Firebase ML: Natural Language APIs com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-
language 22.0.1
Firebase ML: Language Identification Model com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-
natural-language-language-id-model 20.0.8
Firebase ML: Translate Model com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-
translate-model 20.0.9
Firebase ML: Smart Reply Model com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-
language-smart-reply-model 20.0.8
### Java
Service or Product Gradle dependency Latest
version Add Analytics?
Firebase Android BoM
(Bill of Materials) com.google.firebase:firebase-bom
The latest Firebase BoM version contains the latest versions of each Firebase
Android library. To learn which library versions are mapped to a specific BoM
version, review the release notes for that BoM version.
31.2.1
AdMob com.google.android.gms:play-services-ads 21.5.0
Analytics com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 21.2.0
App Check custom provider com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck 16.1.1
App Check debug provider com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-debug 16.1.1
App Check Play Integrity provider com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-
playintegrity 16.1.1
App Distribution com.google.firebase:firebase-appdistribution 16.0.0-beta05
App Distribution API com.google.firebase:firebase-appdistribution-api
16.0.0-beta05
App Distribution plugin com.google.firebase:firebase-appdistribution-gradle
3.2.0
Authentication com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 21.1.0
Cloud Firestore com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 24.4.3
Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK com.google.firebase:firebase-functions
20.2.2
Cloud Messaging com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 23.1.1
Cloud Storage com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 20.1.0
Crashlytics com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 18.3.4
Crashlytics NDK com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 18.3.4
Crashlytics plugin com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-gradle 2.9.4
Dynamic feature module support com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-module-
support 16.0.0-beta03
Dynamic Links com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 21.1.0
In-App Messaging com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 20.3.0
(required)
In-App Messaging Display com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display
20.3.0
(required)
Firebase installations com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 17.1.1
Firebase ML Model Downloader API com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-
modeldownloader 24.1.2
Performance Monitoring com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 20.3.1
Performance Monitoring plugin com.google.firebase:perf-plugin 1.4.2
Realtime Database com.google.firebase:firebase-database 20.1.0
Remote Config com.google.firebase:firebase-config 21.2.1
Google Play services plugin com.google.gms:google-services 4.3.15
Deprecated libraries
App Check SafetyNet provider com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-safetynet
16.1.1
App Indexing com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 20.0.0
Firebase ML Kit libraries
Firebase ML Custom Model APIs com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-
interpreter 22.0.4
Firebase ML Vision APIs com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision 24.1.0
Firebase ML: Image Labeling Model com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-
image-label-model 20.0.2
Firebase ML: Object Detection and Tracking Model com.google.firebase:firebase-
ml-vision-object-detection-model 19.0.6
Firebase ML: Face Detection Model com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-
model 20.0.2
Firebase ML: Barcode Scanning Model com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-
barcode-model 16.1.2
Firebase ML: AutoML Vision Edge API com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-
automl 18.0.6
Firebase ML: Natural Language APIs com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-
language 22.0.1
Firebase ML: Language Identification Model com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-
natural-language-language-id-model 20.0.8
Firebase ML: Translate Model com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-
translate-model 20.0.9
Firebase ML: Smart Reply Model com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-
language-smart-reply-model 20.0.8
## Update - February 10, 2023
### Crashlytics Gradle plugin version 2.9.4
* Fixed a build time NPE in some native builds.
## Update - February 09, 2023
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 31.2.1
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v31.2.0 Version mapped
to this BoM v31.2.1 com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 21.2.0 21.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 21.2.0 21.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-debug-testing 16.1.1 16.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-debug 16.1.1 16.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-ktx 16.1.1 16.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-playintegrity 16.1.1 16.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-safetynet 16.1.1 16.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck 16.1.1 16.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 20.3.0 20.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 20.3.0 20.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 21.2.1 21.2.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 21.2.1 21.2.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 18.3.3 18.3.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 18.3.3 18.3.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 18.3.3 18.3.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 24.4.2 24.4.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 24.4.2 24.4.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 20.2.2 20.2.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 20.2.2 20.2.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 20.3.0 20.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 20.3.0 20.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 20.3.0 20.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 20.3.0 20.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 17.1.0 17.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 17.1.0 17.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 23.1.1 23.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 23.1.1 23.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 23.1.1 23.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx 24.1.2 24.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 24.1.2 24.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 20.3.1 20.3.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 20.3.1 20.3.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 20.1.0 20.1.0
### A/B Testing version 21.1.1
* Internal changes to improve experiment reporting.
### Cloud Firestore version 24.4.3
* Fixed a potential high-memory usage issue.
* Fixed an issue that stopped some performance optimization from being applied.
### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 24.4.3
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics version 18.3.4
* Improved crash reporting reliability for crashes that occur early in the app's lifecycle.
* Added improved support for capturing `BuildId`s for native ANRs on older Android versions.
### Crashlytics Kotlin extensions version 18.3.4
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
crashlytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics NDK version 18.3.4
* Updated `firebase-crashlytics` dependency to v18.3.4.
### Crashlytics Gradle plugin version 2.9.3
This version of the Crashlytics Gradle plugin contains a bug that causes a
build time NPE in some native builds. We recommend updating to the latest
version (v2.9.4+) which contains a fix.
* Added improved support for capturing `BuildId`s for native ANRs on older Android versions.
* Improved compatibility with Android Gradle plugin (AGP) 8.
### Firebase installations version 17.1.1
* Internal changes to improve startup time.
### Firebase installations Kotlin extensions version 17.1.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
installations` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional
updates.
## Update - January 19, 2023
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 31.2.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v31.1.1 Version mapped
to this BoM v31.2.0 com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 21.2.0 21.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 21.2.0 21.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-debug-testing 16.1.0 16.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-debug 16.1.0 16.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-ktx 16.1.0 16.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-playintegrity 16.1.0 16.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-safetynet 16.1.0 16.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck 16.1.0 16.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 20.2.0 20.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 20.2.0 20.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 21.2.0 21.2.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 21.2.0 21.2.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 18.3.2 18.3.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 18.3.2 18.3.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 18.3.2 18.3.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 24.4.1 24.4.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 24.4.1 24.4.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 20.2.1 20.2.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 20.2.1 20.2.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 20.2.0 20.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 20.2.0 20.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 20.2.0 20.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 20.2.0 20.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 17.1.0 17.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 17.1.0 17.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 23.1.1 23.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 23.1.1 23.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 23.1.1 23.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx 24.1.1 24.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 24.1.1 24.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 20.3.0 20.3.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 20.3.0 20.3.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 20.1.0 20.1.0
### App Check version 16.1.1
* Migrated App Check SDKs to use standard Firebase executors. (GitHub #4431 and #4449)
* Moved Task continuations off the main thread. (GitHub #4453)
### App Check Kotlin extensions version 16.1.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
appcheck` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### App Check Debug version 16.1.1
* Migrated App Check SDKs to use standard Firebase executors. (GitHub #4431 and #4449)
* Integrated the App Check Debug SDK with Firebase components. (GitHub #4436)
* Moved Task continuations off the main thread. (GitHub #4453)
### App Check Debug Testing version 16.1.1
* Integrated the App Check Debug Testing SDK with Firebase components. (GitHub #4436)
### App Check Play integrity version 16.1.1
* Migrated App Check SDKs to use standard Firebase executors. (GitHub #4431 and #4449)
* Integrated the App Check Play integrity SDK with Firebase components. (GitHub #4436)
* Moved Task continuations off the main thread. (GitHub #4453)
### App Check SafetyNet version 16.1.1
* Migrated App Check SDKs to use standard Firebase executors. (GitHub #4431 and #4449)
* Integrated the App Check SafetyNet SDK with Firebase components. (GitHub #4436)
* Moved Task continuations off the main thread. (GitHub #4453)
### App Distribution Gradle plugin version 3.2.0
* Links to new releases are now available. These links help you manage binaries and ensure that testers and other developers have the right release. To learn how to use these links, refer to the documentation about distributing your apps.
### Cloud Firestore version 24.4.2
* Fixed an issue that stopped some performance optimization from being applied.
### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 24.4.2
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK version 20.2.2
* Moved Task continuations off the main thread.
* Internal infrastructure improvements.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK Kotlin extensions version 20.2.2
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
functions` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics version 18.3.3
* Updated to accommodate the release of the updated `firebase-crashlytics-ndk` v18.3.3.
### Crashlytics Kotlin extensions version 18.3.3
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
crashlytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics NDK version 18.3.3
* Updated internal Crashpad version to commit `c902f6`.
### In-App Messaging version 20.3.0
* Migrated In-App Messaging to use standard Firebase executors.
* Moved Task continuations off the main thread.
* Added a new API for removing a dismiss listener. (GitHub #4492)
### In-App Messaging Kotlin extensions version 20.3.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
inappmessaging` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional
updates.
### In-App Messaging Display version 20.3.0
* Migrated In-App Messaging Display to use standard Firebase executors.
* Moved Task continuations off the main thread.
* Added a new API for removing a dismiss listener. (GitHub #4492)
### In-App Messaging Display Kotlin extensions version 20.3.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
inappmessaging-display` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no
additional updates.
### Firebase ML version 24.1.2
* Internal infrastructure improvements.
* Migrated Firebase ML to use standard Firebase executors.
### Firebase ML Kotlin extensions version 24.1.2
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-ml-
modeldownloader` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional
updates.
### Performance Monitoring version 20.3.1
* Migrated Performance Monitoring to use standard Firebase executors.
### Performance Monitoring Kotlin extensions version 20.3.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
performance` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Remote Config version 21.2.1
* Migrated Remote Config to use standard Firebase executors.
### Remote Config Kotlin extensions version 21.2.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
config` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### google-services plugin 4.3.15
* Improved support for `camelCase` variant and build type names. (GitHub #243)
## Update - December 08, 2022
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 31.1.1
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v31.1.0 Version mapped
to this BoM v31.1.1 com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 21.2.0 21.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 21.2.0 21.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-debug-testing 16.1.0 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-debug 16.1.0 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-ktx 16.1.0 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-playintegrity 16.1.0 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-safetynet 16.1.0 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck 16.1.0 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 21.2.0 21.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 21.2.0 21.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 18.3.2 18.3.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 18.3.2 18.3.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 18.3.2 18.3.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 24.4.1 24.4.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 24.4.1 24.4.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 20.2.1 20.2.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 20.2.1 20.2.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 17.1.0 17.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 17.1.0 17.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 23.1.0 23.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 23.1.0 23.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 23.1.0 23.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx 24.1.1 24.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 24.1.1 24.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 20.3.0 20.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 20.3.0 20.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 20.1.0 20.1.0
### Cloud Messaging version 23.1.1
* Fixed deadlock when handling simultaneous messages.
#### Cloud Messaging Kotlin extensions version 23.1.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
messaging` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Messaging Direct Boot version 23.1.1
* Removed unused classes.
## Update - November 17, 2022
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 31.1.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v31.0.3 Version mapped
to this BoM v31.1.0 com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 21.2.0 21.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 21.2.0 21.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-debug-testing 16.1.0 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-debug 16.1.0 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-ktx 16.1.0 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-playintegrity 16.1.0 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-safetynet 16.1.0 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck 16.1.0 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 21.2.0 21.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 21.2.0 21.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 18.3.2 18.3.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 18.3.2 18.3.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 18.3.2 18.3.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 24.4.0 24.4.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 24.4.0 24.4.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 20.2.0 20.2.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 20.2.0 20.2.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 17.1.0 17.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 17.1.0 17.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 23.1.0 23.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 23.1.0 23.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 23.1.0 23.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx 24.1.1 24.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 24.1.1 24.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 20.2.0 20.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 20.2.0 20.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 20.1.0 20.1.0
### App Distribution Gradle plugin version 3.1.1
* Made `UploadDistributionTask` public again.
### Cloud Firestore version 24.4.1
* Fix `FAILED_PRECONDITION` when writing to a deleted document in a transaction. (GitHub Issue #5871)
* Fixed Cloud Firestore failing to raise initial snapshot from an empty local cache result. (GitHub PR #4207)
* Removed invalid suggestions to use `GenericTypeIndicator` from error messages. (GitHub Issue #222)
* Updated dependency of `io.grpc.*` to its latest version (v1.50.2).
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 24.4.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK version 20.2.1
* Updated dependency of `firebase-iid` to its latest version (v21.1.0).
#### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK Kotlin extensions version 20.2.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
functions` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Performance Monitoring version 20.3.0
* Fixed a `NullPointerException` crash when instrumenting screen traces on Android 7, 8, and 9. (GitHub Issue #4146)
#### Performance Monitoring Kotlin extensions version 20.3.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
performance` library. The Kotlin extensions library has the following
additional updates:
* Added a `trace(String, Trace.() -> T)` extension function to create a custom trace with the specified name.
## Update - November 11, 2022
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 31.0.3
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v31.0.2 Version mapped
to this BoM v31.0.3 com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 21.2.0 21.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 21.2.0 21.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-debug-testing 16.1.0 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-debug 16.1.0 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-ktx 16.1.0 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-playintegrity 16.1.0 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-safetynet 16.1.0 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck 16.1.0 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 21.2.0 21.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 21.2.0 21.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 18.3.1 18.3.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 18.3.1 18.3.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 18.3.1 18.3.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 24.4.0 24.4.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 24.4.0 24.4.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 17.1.0 17.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 17.1.0 17.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 23.1.0 23.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 23.1.0 23.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 23.1.0 23.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx 24.1.1 24.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 24.1.1 24.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 20.1.0 20.1.0
### Crashlytics version 18.3.2
* Updated to accommodate the release of the updated `firebase-crashlytics-ndk` v18.3.2.
#### Crashlytics Kotlin extensions version 18.3.2
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
crashlytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics NDK version 18.3.2
* Fixed an issue preventing native crashes from being reported for Android API 29+.
## Update - October 27, 2022
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 31.0.2
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v31.0.1 Version mapped
to this BoM v31.0.2 com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 21.2.0 21.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 21.2.0 21.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-debug-testing 16.1.0 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-debug 16.1.0 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-ktx 16.1.0 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-playintegrity 16.1.0 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-safetynet 16.1.0 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck 16.1.0 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 21.2.0 21.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 21.2.0 21.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 18.3.1 18.3.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 18.3.1 18.3.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 18.3.1 18.3.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 24.4.0 24.4.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 24.4.0 24.4.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 17.1.0 17.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 17.1.0 17.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 23.1.0 23.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 23.1.0 23.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 23.1.0 23.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx 24.1.0 24.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 24.1.0 24.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 20.1.0 20.1.0
### App Distribution Gradle plugin version 3.1.0
* You can now use the Kotlin DSL to configure the App Distribution properties with multiple build variants (build types and product flavors) by adding `import com.google.firebase.appdistribution.gradle.firebaseAppDistribution` to your `build.gradle.kts` build script or by using the type-safe `configure<com.google.firebase.appdistribution.gradle.AppDistributionExtension>`.
### Firebase ML version 24.1.1
* Fixed an issue where `FirebaseModelDownloader.getModel` was throwing `FirebaseMlException.PERMISSION_DENIED` when the model name was empty. It now throws `FirebaseMlException.INVALID_ARGUMENT` (GitHub Issue #4157)
#### Firebase ML Kotlin extensions version 24.1.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-ml-
modeldownloader` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional
updates.
## Update - October 20, 2022
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 31.0.1
Warning: We're aware of an issue in the version of the Crashlytics SDK for NDK
included in this version of the BoM.
If you use Crashlytics for NDK, we strongly recommend using the latest version
of the BoM (v31.0.3+).
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v31.0.0 Version mapped
to this BoM v31.0.1 com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 21.2.0 21.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 21.2.0 21.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-debug-testing 16.1.0 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-debug 16.1.0 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-ktx 16.1.0 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-playintegrity 16.1.0 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-safetynet 16.1.0 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck 16.1.0 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 21.2.0 21.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 21.2.0 21.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 18.3.0 18.3.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 18.3.0 18.3.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 18.3.0 18.3.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 24.4.0 24.4.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 24.4.0 24.4.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 17.1.0 17.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 17.1.0 17.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 23.1.0 23.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 23.1.0 23.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 23.1.0 23.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx 24.1.0 24.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 24.1.0 24.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 20.2.0 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 20.1.0 20.1.0
### Crashlytics version 18.3.1
* Fixed an issue in v18.3.0 that caused a `NoClassDefFoundError` in specific cases.
#### Crashlytics Kotlin extensions version 18.3.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
crashlytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics NDK version 18.3.1
Warning: We're aware of an issue in this version of the Crashlytics SDK for
NDK.
We strongly recommend using the latest version of the SDK (v18.3.2+ or BoM
v31.0.3+).
* Updated `firebase-crashlytics` dependency to v18.3.1.
## Update - October 12, 2022
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 31.0.0
Warning: We're aware of an issue in the version of the Crashlytics Android SDK
included in this version of the BoM.
If you use Crashlytics, we strongly recommend using the latest version of the
BoM (v31.0.1+). BREAKING CHANGE: With this release, the BoM no longer contains
the following deprecated libraries:
`firebase-appindexing`, `firebase-core`, and `firebase-iid`. Use the following
alternatives instead:
* Instead of `firebase-appindexing`, use one of the options described in the documentation.
* Instead of `firebase-iid`, use `firebase-installations` or `firebase-installations-ktx`.
* Instead of `firebase-core`, use `firebase-analytics` or `firebase-analytics-ktx`.
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v30.5.0 Version mapped
to this BoM v31.0.0 com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 21.1.1 21.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 21.1.1 21.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-debug-testing 16.0.2 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-debug 16.0.2 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-ktx 16.0.2 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-playintegrity 16.0.2 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-safetynet 16.0.2 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck 16.0.2 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 21.0.8 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 21.0.8 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 20.1.2 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 20.1.2 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 21.1.2 21.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 21.1.2 21.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 18.2.13 18.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 18.2.13 18.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 18.2.13 18.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 20.0.6 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 20.0.6 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 21.0.2 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 21.0.2 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 24.3.1 24.4.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 24.3.1 24.4.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 20.1.1 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 20.1.1 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 20.1.3 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 20.1.3 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 20.1.3 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 20.1.3 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 17.0.3 17.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 17.0.3 17.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 23.0.8 23.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 23.0.8 23.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 23.0.8 23.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx 24.0.5 24.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 24.0.5 24.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 20.1.1 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 20.1.1 20.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 20.0.2 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 20.0.2 20.1.0
### A/B Testing version 21.1.0
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases.
### Analytics version 21.2.0
* Added `getSessionId()` API.
#### Analytics Kotlin extensions version 21.2.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
analytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has the following additional
updates:
* Firebase now supports Kotlin coroutines. With this release, we added `kotlinx-coroutines-play-services` to `firebase-analytics-ktx` as a transitive dependency, which exposes the `Task<T>.await()` suspend function to convert a `Task` into a Kotlin coroutine.
### Firebase Core version 21.1.1
* The `firebase-core` library is deprecated and no further versions will be released. This SDK included the Firebase SDK for Google Analytics.
Now, to use Google Analytics or a product that recommends adding Google
Analytics, you need to explicitly declare the Analytics dependency:
`com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics` or `com.google.firebase:firebase-
analytics-ktx`.
### App Check version 16.1.0
* Updated to accommodate the release of the updated App Check Kotlin extensions library.
#### App Check Kotlin extensions version 16.1.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
appcheck` library. The Kotlin extensions library has the following additional
updates:
* Firebase now supports Kotlin coroutines. With this release, we added `kotlinx-coroutines-play-services` to `firebase-appcheck-ktx` as a transitive dependency, which exposes the `Task<T>.await()` suspend function to convert a `Task` into a Kotlin coroutine.
### App Check Debug version 16.1.0
* Updated to accommodate the release of the updated App Check Kotlin extensions library.
### App Check Debug Testing version 16.1.0
* Updated to accommodate the release of the updated App Check Kotlin extensions library.
### App Check Play integrity version 16.1.0
* Updated to accommodate the release of the updated App Check Kotlin extensions library.
### App Check Safetynet version 16.1.0
* Updated to accommodate the release of the updated App Check Kotlin extensions library.
### App Distribution version 16.0.0-beta05
* Updated to accommodate the release of the updated App Distribution Kotlin extensions library.
### App Distribution API version 16.0.0-beta05
* Updated to accommodate the release of the updated App Distribution Kotlin extensions library.
#### App Distribution Kotlin extensions version 16.0.0-beta05
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
appdistribution-api` library. The Kotlin extensions library has the following
additional updates:
* Firebase now supports Kotlin coroutines. With this release, we added `kotlinx-coroutines-play-services` to `firebase-appdistribution-api-ktx` as a transitive dependency, which exposes the `Task<T>.await()` suspend function to convert a `Task` into a Kotlin coroutine.
### Authentication version 21.1.0
* Fixed a parsing error in `MultiFactorInfo.getEnrollmentTimestamp()`.
#### Authentication Kotlin extensions version 21.1.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
auth` library. The Kotlin extensions library has the following additional
updates:
* Firebase now supports Kotlin coroutines. With this release, we added `kotlinx-coroutines-play-services` to `firebase-auth-ktx` as a transitive dependency, which exposes the `Task<T>.await()` suspend function to convert a `Task` into a Kotlin coroutine.
### Cloud Firestore version 24.4.0
* Added `Query.count()`, which fetches the number of documents in the result set without actually downloading the documents.
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 24.4.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has the following additional
updates:
* Firebase now supports Kotlin coroutines. With this release, we added `kotlinx-coroutines-play-services` to `firebase-firestore-ktx` as a transitive dependency, which exposes the `Task<T>.await()` suspend function to convert a `Task` into a Kotlin coroutine.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK version 20.2.0
* Updated to accommodate the release of the updated Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK Kotlin extensions library.
#### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK Kotlin extensions version 20.2.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
functions` library. The Kotlin extensions library has the following additional
updates:
* Firebase now supports Kotlin coroutines. With this release, we added `kotlinx-coroutines-play-services` to `firebase-functions-ktx` as a transitive dependency, which exposes the `Task<T>.await()` suspend function to convert a `Task` into a Kotlin coroutine.
### Cloud Messaging version 23.1.0
* Updated to accommodate the release of the updated Cloud Messaging Kotlin extensions library.
#### Cloud Messaging Kotlin extensions version 23.1.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
messaging` library. The Kotlin extensions library has the following additional
updates:
* Firebase now supports Kotlin coroutines. With this release, we added `kotlinx-coroutines-play-services` to `firebase-messaging-ktx` as a transitive dependency, which exposes the `Task<T>.await()` suspend function to convert a `Task` into a Kotlin coroutine.
### Cloud Messaging Direct Boot version 23.1.0
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases.
### Cloud Storage for Firebase version 20.1.0
* Fixed an issue that caused an infinite number of retries with no exponential backoff for `uploadChunk()`.
#### Cloud Storage for Firebase Kotlin extensions version 20.1.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
storage` library. The Kotlin extensions library has the following additional
updates:
* Firebase now supports Kotlin coroutines. With this release, we added `kotlinx-coroutines-play-services` to `firebase-storage-ktx` as a transitive dependency, which exposes the `Task<T>.await()` suspend function to convert a `Task` into a Kotlin coroutine.
* Added `StorageTask.taskState` Kotlin Flows to monitor the progress of an upload or download `Task`.
### Crashlytics version 18.3.0
Warning: We're aware of an issue in this version of the Crashlytics Android
SDK.
We strongly recommend using the latest version of the SDK (v18.3.1+ or BoM
v31.0.1+).
* Improved crash reporting reliability for crashes that occur early in the app's lifecycle.
#### Crashlytics Kotlin extensions version 18.3.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
crashlytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has the following
additional updates:
* Firebase now supports Kotlin coroutines. With this release, we added `kotlinx-coroutines-play-services` to `firebase-crashlytics-ktx` as a transitive dependency, which exposes the `Task<T>.await()` suspend function to convert a `Task` into a Kotlin coroutine.
### Crashlytics NDK version 18.3.0
Warning: We're aware of an issue in the Crashlytics Android SDK v18.3.0.
We strongly recommend using the latest version of the SDK (v18.3.1+ or BoM
v31.0.1+).
* Updated `firebase-crashlytics` dependency to v18.3.0.
### Dynamic Links version 21.1.0
* Updated to accommodate the release of the updated Dynamic Links Kotlin extensions library.
#### Dynamic Links Kotlin extensions version 21.1.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
dynamic-links` library. The Kotlin extensions library has the following
additional updates:
* Firebase now supports Kotlin coroutines. With this release, we added `kotlinx-coroutines-play-services` to `firebase-dynamic-links-ktx` as a transitive dependency, which exposes the `Task<T>.await()` suspend function to convert a `Task` into a Kotlin coroutine.
### In-App Messaging version 20.2.0
* Fixed a bug that prevented marking more than one message as impressed.
#### In-App Messaging Kotlin extensions version 20.2.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
inappmessaging` library. The Kotlin extensions library has the following
additional updates:
* Firebase now supports Kotlin coroutines. With this release, we added `kotlinx-coroutines-play-services` to `firebase-inappmessaging-ktx` as a transitive dependency, which exposes the `Task<T>.await()` suspend function to convert a `Task` into a Kotlin coroutine.
### In-App Messaging Display version 20.2.0
* Fixed a bug that prevented marking more than one message as impressed.
#### In-App Messaging Display Kotlin extensions version 20.2.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
inappmessaging-display` library. The Kotlin extensions library has the
following additional updates:
* Firebase now supports Kotlin coroutines. With this release, we added `kotlinx-coroutines-play-services` to `firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx` as a transitive dependency, which exposes the `Task<T>.await()` suspend function to convert a `Task` into a Kotlin coroutine.
### Firebase installations version 17.1.0
* Updated to accommodate the release of the updated Firebase installations Kotlin extensions library.
#### Firebase installations Kotlin extensions version 17.1.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
installations` library. The Kotlin extensions library has the following
additional updates:
* Firebase now supports Kotlin coroutines. With this release, we added `kotlinx-coroutines-play-services` to `firebase-installations-ktx` as a transitive dependency, which exposes the `Task<T>.await()` suspend function to convert a `Task` into a Kotlin coroutine.
### Firebase ML version 24.1.0
* Updated to accommodate the release of the updated Firebase ML Kotlin extensions library.
#### Firebase ML Kotlin extensions version 24.1.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-ml-
modeldownloader` library. The Kotlin extensions library has the following
additional updates:
* Firebase now supports Kotlin coroutines. With this release, we added `kotlinx-coroutines-play-services` to `firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx` as a transitive dependency, which exposes the `Task<T>.await()` suspend function to convert a `Task` into a Kotlin coroutine.
### Performance Monitoring version 20.2.0
* Updated to accommodate the release of the updated Performance Monitoring Kotlin extensions library.
#### Performance Monitoring Kotlin extensions version 20.2.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
performance` library. The Kotlin extensions library has the following
additional updates:
* Firebase now supports Kotlin coroutines. With this release, we added `kotlinx-coroutines-play-services` to `firebase-performance-ktx` as a transitive dependency, which exposes the `Task<T>.await()` suspend function to convert a `Task` into a Kotlin coroutine.
### Performance Monitoring Gradle plugin version 1.4.2
* Upgraded the class bytecode instrumentation APIs to be compatible with AGP 7.2.
### Realtime Database version 20.1.0
* Updated to accommodate the release of the updated Realtime Database Kotlin extensions library.
#### Realtime Database Kotlin extensions version 20.1.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
database` library. The Kotlin extensions library has the following additional
updates:
* Firebase now supports Kotlin coroutines. With this release, we added `kotlinx-coroutines-play-services` to `firebase-database-ktx` as a transitive dependency, which exposes the `Task<T>.await()` suspend function to convert a `Task` into a Kotlin coroutine.
* Added `Query.snapshots` and `Query.childEvents` Kotlin Flows to listen to realtime events.
### Remote Config version 21.2.0
* Updated to accommodate the release of the updated Remote Config Kotlin extensions library.
#### Remote Config Kotlin extensions version 21.2.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
config` library. The Kotlin extensions library has the following additional
updates:
* Firebase now supports Kotlin coroutines. With this release, we added `kotlinx-coroutines-play-services` to `firebase-config-ktx` as a transitive dependency, which exposes the `Task<T>.await()` suspend function to convert a `Task` into a Kotlin coroutine.
## Update - September 15, 2022
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 30.5.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v30.4.1 Version mapped
to this BoM v30.5.0 com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 21.1.1 21.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 21.1.1 21.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-debug-testing 16.0.1 16.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-debug 16.0.1 16.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-ktx N/A 16.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-playintegrity 16.0.1 16.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-safetynet 16.0.1 16.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck 16.0.1 16.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 21.0.8 21.0.8
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 21.0.8 21.0.8
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 21.1.2 21.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 21.1.2 21.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 21.1.1 21.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 18.2.13 18.2.13
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 18.2.13 18.2.13
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 18.2.13 18.2.13
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 20.0.6 20.0.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 20.0.6 20.0.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 21.0.2 21.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 21.0.2 21.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 24.3.0 24.3.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 24.3.0 24.3.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 20.1.3 20.1.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 20.1.3 20.1.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 20.1.3 20.1.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 20.1.3 20.1.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 17.0.2 17.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 17.0.2 17.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 23.0.8 23.0.8
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 23.0.8 23.0.8
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 23.0.8 23.0.8
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx 24.0.5 24.0.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 24.0.5 24.0.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 20.0.2 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 20.0.2 20.0.2
### App Check version 16.0.2
* Updated to accommodate the release of the App Check Kotlin extensions library.
#### App Check Kotlin extensions version 16.0.2
* The Firebase App Check Android library with Kotlin extensions is now available. The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the base `firebase-appcheck` library. To learn more, visit the App Check KTX documentation.
### App Check Debug version 16.0.2
* Updated to accommodate the release of the App Check Kotlin extensions library.
### App Check Debug Testing version 16.0.2
* Updated to accommodate the release of the App Check Kotlin extensions library.
### App Check Play Integrity version 16.0.2
* Updated to accommodate the release of the App Check Kotlin extensions library.
### App Check SafetyNet version 16.0.2
* Updated to accommodate the release of the App Check Kotlin extensions library.
### App Distribution API version 16.0.0-beta04
* Updated dependency of `play-services-basement` to its latest version (v18.1.0).
#### App Distribution Kotlin extensions version 16.0.0-beta04
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
appdistribution-api` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional
updates.
### Cloud Firestore version 24.3.1
* Updated dependency of `io.grpc.*` to its latest version (v1.48.1).
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 24.3.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library.
### Crashlytics Gradle plugin version 2.9.2
* Expanded support for using the plugin behind a proxy. The preferred way to set a proxy is now consistent with the Firebase CLI. To use a proxy, set the `HTTPS_PROXY` or `HTTP_PROXY` value in your environment to the URL of your proxy (for example, `HTTP_PROXY=http://127.0.0.1:12345`).
### Firebase installations version 17.0.3
* Removed unintended disk IO on the main thread at app startup.
#### Firebase installations Kotlin extensions version 17.0.3
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
installations` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional
updates.
### google-services plugin 4.3.14
* Improved task caching and awareness of changes in `google-services.json` files.
## Update - September 06, 2022
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 30.4.1
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v30.4.0 Version mapped
to this BoM v30.4.1 com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 21.1.1 21.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 21.1.1 21.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-debug-testing 16.0.1 16.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-debug 16.0.1 16.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-playintegrity 16.0.0 16.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-safetynet 16.0.1 16.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck 16.0.1 16.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 21.0.8 21.0.8
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 21.0.8 21.0.8
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 21.1.2 21.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 21.1.2 21.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 21.1.1 21.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 18.2.13 18.2.13
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 18.2.13 18.2.13
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 18.2.13 18.2.13
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 20.0.6 20.0.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 20.0.6 20.0.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 21.0.2 21.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 21.0.2 21.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 24.3.0 24.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 24.3.0 24.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 20.1.3 20.1.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 20.1.3 20.1.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 20.1.3 20.1.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 20.1.3 20.1.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 17.0.2 17.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 17.0.2 17.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 23.0.8 23.0.8
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 23.0.8 23.0.8
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 23.0.8 23.0.8
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx 24.0.5 24.0.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 24.0.5 24.0.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 20.0.2 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 20.0.2 20.0.2
### App Check Play Integrity version 16.0.1
* Updated dependency of `play-services-basement` to its latest version (v18.1.0).
## Update - September 01, 2022
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 30.4.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v30.3.2 Version mapped
to this BoM v30.4.0 com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 21.1.0 21.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 21.1.0 21.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-debug-testing 16.0.0 16.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-debug 16.0.0 16.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-playintegrity 16.0.0 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-safetynet 16.0.0 16.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck 16.0.0 16.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 21.0.7 21.0.8
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 21.0.7 21.0.8
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 20.1.1 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 20.1.1 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 21.1.1 21.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 21.1.1 21.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 21.1.0 21.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 18.2.12 18.2.13
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 18.2.12 18.2.13
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 18.2.12 18.2.13
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 20.0.5 20.0.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 20.0.5 20.0.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 21.0.1 21.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 24.2.2 24.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 24.2.2 24.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 20.1.0 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 20.1.2 20.1.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 20.1.2 20.1.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 20.1.2 20.1.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 20.1.2 20.1.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 17.0.1 17.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 17.0.1 17.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 23.0.7 23.0.8
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 23.0.7 23.0.8
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 23.0.7 23.0.8
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx 24.0.4 24.0.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 24.0.4 24.0.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 20.1.0 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 20.0.1 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 20.0.1 20.0.2
### A/B Testing version 21.0.2
* Updated dependency of `play-services-basement` to its latest version (v18.1.0).
### Analytics version 21.1.1
* Fixed a bug where `GoogleTagManager` (transitively included from the Tag Manager SDK) would rapidly retry DNS lookups whenever it fails.
* Updated dependencies.
#### Analytics Kotlin extensions version 21.1.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
analytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### App Check version 16.0.1
* Updated dependency of `play-services-basement` to its latest version (v18.1.0).
### App Check Debug version 16.0.1
* Updated dependency of `play-services-basement` to its latest version (v18.1.0).
### App Check Debug Testing version 16.0.1
* Updated dependency of `play-services-basement` to its latest version (v18.1.0).
### App Check SafetyNet version 16.0.1
* Updated dependency of `play-services-basement` to its latest version (v18.1.0).
### Authentication version 21.0.8
* Updated dependency of `play-services-basement` to its latest version (v18.1.0).
#### Authentication Kotlin extensions version 21.0.8
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
auth` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Firestore version 24.3.0
* Updated dependency of `play-services-basement` to its latest version (v18.1.0).
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 24.3.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library also has the following
additional updates:
* Added `Query.snapshots()` and `DocumentReference.snapshots()` Kotlin Flows to listen for realtime updates.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK version 20.1.1
* Updated dependency of `play-services-basement` to its latest version (v18.1.0).
#### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK Kotlin extensions version 20.1.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
functions` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics version 18.2.13
* Updated dependency of `play-services-basement` to its latest version (v18.1.0).
#### Crashlytics Kotlin extensions version 18.2.13
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
crashlytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics NDK version 18.2.13
* Updated dependency of `play-services-basement` to its latest version (v18.1.0).
### Dynamic Links version 21.0.2
* Updated dependency of `play-services-basement` to its latest version (v18.1.0).
#### Dynamic Links Kotlin extensions version 21.0.2
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
dynamic-links` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional
updates.
### Dynamic feature modules support version 16.0.0-beta03
* Updated dependency of `play-services-basement` to its latest version (v18.1.0).
### In-App Messaging version 20.1.3
* Updated dependency of `play-services-basement` to its latest version (v18.1.0).
#### In-App Messaging Kotlin extensions version 20.1.3
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
inappmessaging` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional
updates.
### In-App Messaging Display version 20.1.3
* Updated dependency of `play-services-basement` to its latest version (v18.1.0).
#### In-App Messaging Display Kotlin extensions version 20.1.3
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
inappmessaging-display` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no
additional updates.
### Firebase installations version 17.0.2
* Updated dependency of `play-services-basement` to its latest version (v18.1.0).
#### Firebase installations Kotlin extensions version 17.0.2
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
installations` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional
updates.
### Cloud Messaging version 23.0.8
* Updated dependency of `play-services-basement` to its latest version (v18.1.0).
#### Cloud Messaging Kotlin extensions version 23.0.8
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
messaging` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Messaging Direct Boot version 23.0.8
* Updated dependency of `play-services-basement` to its latest version (v18.1.0).
### Firebase ML Model Downloader version 24.0.5
* Updated dependency of `play-services-basement` to its latest version (v18.1.0).
#### Firebase ML Kotlin extensions version 24.0.5
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-ml-
modeldownloader` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional
updates.
### Performance Monitoring version 20.1.1
* Updated dependency of `play-services-basement` to its latest version (v18.1.0).
#### Performance Monitoring Kotlin extensions version 20.1.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
performance` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Storage for Firebase version 20.0.2
* Updated dependency of `play-services-basement` to its latest version (v18.1.0).
#### Cloud Storage for Firebase Kotlin extensions version 20.0.2
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
storage` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Realtime Database version 20.0.6
* Updated dependency of `play-services-basement` to its latest version (v18.1.0).
* Fixed issue where `Query.get()` was propagating events to listeners on unrelated queries.
#### Realtime Database Kotlin extensions version 20.0.6
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
database` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Remote Config version 21.1.2
* Updated dependency of `play-services-basement` to its latest version (v18.1.0).
#### Remote Config Kotlin extensions version 21.1.2
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
config` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
## Update - August 05, 2022
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 30.3.2
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v30.3.1 Version mapped
to this BoM v30.3.2 com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-debug-testing 16.0.0 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-debug 16.0.0 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-playintegrity 16.0.0 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-safetynet 16.0.0 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck 16.0.0 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 21.0.6 21.0.7
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 21.0.6 21.0.7
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 21.1.1 21.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 21.1.1 21.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 18.2.12 18.2.12
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 18.2.12 18.2.12
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 18.2.12 18.2.12
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 20.0.5 20.0.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 20.0.5 20.0.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 24.2.1 24.2.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 24.2.1 24.2.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 17.0.1 17.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 17.0.1 17.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 23.0.6 23.0.7
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 23.0.6 23.0.7
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 23.0.6 23.0.7
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx 24.0.4 24.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 24.0.4 24.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 20.0.1 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 20.0.1 20.0.1
### App Distribution Gradle plugin version 3.0.3
* The `appDistributionLogin` task is deprecated and will be removed in Q1 2023. For more information about alternative ways to authenticate with the App Distribution Gradle plugin, see Authenticate with Firebase in the App Distribution documentation.
### Authentication version 21.0.7
* Fixed an issue with custom Chrome tabs closing prematurely in `FirebaseAuth.startActivityForSignInWithProvider`.
#### Authentication Kotlin extensions version 21.0.7
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
auth` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Firestore version 24.2.2
* Fixed an issue in `waitForPendingWrites()` that could lead to a `NullPointerException`.
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 24.2.2
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Messaging version 23.0.7
* Message broadcasts now finish immediately after binding to the service. This change should reduce the chance of ANRs.
#### Cloud Messaging Kotlin extensions version 23.0.7
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
messaging` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Messaging Direct Boot version 23.0.7
* Updated `minSdkVersion` to 19 to match Cloud Messaging `minSdkVersion`.
* Updated `FirebaseMessagingDirectBootReceiver` to match Cloud Messaging `FirebaseInstanceIdReceiver`.
* Removed unused dependencies.
## Update - July 25, 2022
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 30.3.1
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v30.3.0 Version mapped
to this BoM v30.3.1 com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-debug-testing 16.0.0 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-debug 16.0.0 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-playintegrity 16.0.0 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-safetynet 16.0.0 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck 16.0.0 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 21.0.6 21.0.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 21.0.6 21.0.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 21.1.1 21.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 21.1.1 21.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 18.2.11 18.2.12
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 18.2.11 18.2.12
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 18.2.11 18.2.12
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 20.0.5 20.0.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 20.0.5 20.0.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 24.2.1 24.2.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 24.2.1 24.2.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 17.0.1 17.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 17.0.1 17.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 23.0.6 23.0.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 23.0.6 23.0.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 23.0.6 23.0.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx 24.0.4 24.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 24.0.4 24.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 20.0.1 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 20.0.1 20.0.1
### Crashlytics version 18.2.12
* Internal changes to avoid accessing device-specific information.
#### Crashlytics Kotlin extensions version 18.2.12
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
crashlytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics NDK version 18.2.12
* Updated `firebase-crashlytics` dependency to v18.2.12.
## Update - July 15, 2022
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 30.3.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v30.2.0 Version mapped
to this BoM v30.3.0 com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 21.0.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 21.0.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-debug-testing 16.0.0 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-debug 16.0.0 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-playintegrity 16.0.0 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-safetynet 16.0.0 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck 16.0.0 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 21.0.6 21.0.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 21.0.6 21.0.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 21.1.0 21.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 21.1.0 21.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 21.0.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 18.2.11 18.2.11
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 18.2.11 18.2.11
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 18.2.11 18.2.11
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 20.0.5 20.0.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 20.0.5 20.0.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 24.2.0 24.2.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 24.2.0 24.2.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 17.0.1 17.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 17.0.1 17.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 23.0.6 23.0.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 23.0.6 23.0.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 23.0.6 23.0.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx 24.0.3 24.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 24.0.3 24.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 20.0.1 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 20.0.1 20.0.1
### Analytics version 21.1.0
* Improved session measurement with user ID.
#### Analytics Kotlin extensions version 21.1.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
analytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Firestore version 24.2.1
* Internal refactor and test improvements.
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 24.2.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Dynamic feature modules support version 16.0.0-beta02
* Migrated to using new partitioned APIs. (GitHub Issue #3860)
### Firebase ML Model Downloader version 24.0.4
* Fixed a race condition that was caused when differently sized models were concurrently downloaded using this SDK and the Model Downloader from the `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-common` SDK. (GitHub Issue #3321)
#### Firebase ML Kotlin extensions version 24.0.4
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-ml-
modeldownloader` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional
updates.
### Remote Config version 21.1.1
* Fixed a bug that caused HTTP errors in some locales. For more information, see GitHub Issue #3757
#### Remote Config Kotlin extensions version 21.1.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
config` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
## Update - June 28, 2022
### google-services plugin 4.3.13
* Fixed unintended binary incompatibility with the Crashlytics Gradle plugin.
## Update - June 23, 2022
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 30.2.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v30.1.0 Version mapped
to this BoM v30.2.0 com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 21.0.0 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 21.0.0 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-debug-testing 16.0.0 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-debug 16.0.0 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-playintegrity 16.0.0 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-safetynet 16.0.0 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck 16.0.0 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 21.0.5 21.0.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 21.0.5 21.0.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 21.0.0 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 18.2.11 18.2.11
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 18.2.11 18.2.11
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 18.2.11 18.2.11
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 20.0.5 20.0.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 20.0.5 20.0.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 24.1.2 24.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 24.1.2 24.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 17.0.1 17.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 17.0.1 17.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 23.0.5 23.0.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 23.0.5 23.0.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 23.0.5 23.0.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx 24.0.3 24.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 24.0.3 24.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 20.0.1 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 20.0.1 20.0.1
### Authentication version 21.0.6
* Fixed a `NullPointerException` crash.
* Addressed a potential cause of an `OutOfMemoryError` crash.
#### Authentication Kotlin extensions version 21.0.6
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
auth` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Firestore version 24.2.0
* Added customization support for `FirebaseFirestore.runTransaction`.
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 24.2.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Messaging version 23.0.6
* Added the `POST_NOTIFICATIONS` permission to enable posting notifications when targeting SDK level 33. See FCM guidance on how to request runtime notification permission on Android 13+
* Added an annotation to an internal class to fix a missing class warning.
#### Cloud Messaging Kotlin extensions version 23.0.6
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
messaging` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Messaging Direct Boot version 23.0.6
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases. For more details, refer to the Cloud Messaging v23.0.6 release notes.
### Crashlytics Gradle plugin version 2.9.1
* Improved debugging output to help clarify native symbol file build IDs.
* Added support for uploading Flutter `.symbols` files.
### google-services plugin 4.3.12
* Improved compatibility with AGP 7.1+. (GitHub PR #180)
### strict-version-matching plugin 1.2.4
* Improved configuration caching.
* Improved compatibility with AGP 7.1+.
## Update - May 26, 2022
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 30.1.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v30.0.2 Version mapped
to this BoM v30.1.0 com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 21.0.0 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 21.0.0 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-debug-testing 16.0.0 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-debug 16.0.0 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-playintegrity 16.0.0 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-safetynet 16.0.0 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck 16.0.0 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 21.0.4 21.0.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 21.0.4 21.0.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 21.0.0 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 18.2.10 18.2.11
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 18.2.10 18.2.11
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 18.2.10 18.2.11
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 20.0.5 20.0.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 20.0.5 20.0.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 24.1.2 24.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 24.1.2 24.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 17.0.1 17.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 17.0.1 17.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 23.0.5 23.0.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 23.0.5 23.0.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 23.0.5 23.0.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx 24.0.3 24.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 24.0.3 24.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 20.0.6 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 20.0.6 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 20.0.1 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 20.0.1 20.0.1
### App Distribution version 16.0.0-beta03
* The App Distribution SDK has been split into two libraries:
* `firebase-appdistribution-api` \- The API-only library
This new API-only library is functional only when the full App Distribution
SDK implementation (`firebase-appdistribution`) is present. `firebase-
appdistribution-api` can be included in all build variants.
* `firebase-appdistribution` \- The full SDK implementation
This full SDK implementation is optional and should only be included in pre-
release builds.
Visit the documentation to learn how to add these SDKs to your Android app.
### App Distribution Kotlin extensions
* The Kotlin extensions library `firebase-appdistribution-ktx` has been removed. All its functionality has been moved to the new API-only library: `firebase-appdistribution-api-ktx`.
### App Distribution API version 16.0.0-beta03
* The App Distribution SDK has been split into two libraries:
* `firebase-appdistribution-api` \- The API-only library
This new API-only library is functional only when the full App Distribution
SDK implementation (`firebase-appdistribution`) is present. `firebase-
appdistribution-api` can be included in all build variants.
* `firebase-appdistribution` \- The full SDK implementation
This full SDK implementation is optional and should only be included in pre-
release builds.
Visit the documentation to learn how to add these SDKs to your Android app.
### App Distribution API Kotlin extensions version 16.0.0-beta03
With the removal of the Kotlin extensions library `firebase-appdistribution-
ktx`, its functionality has been moved to the new API-only library: `firebase-
appdistribution-api-ktx`.
This new Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the `firebase-
appdistribution-api` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional
updates.
### App Distribution Gradle plugin version 3.0.2
* Fixed `Could not read content` issue when the task is given absolute file paths as parameters for the `appDistributionUpload` task on Windows.
### Authentication version 21.0.5
* Bumped the `androidx.browser` dependency version.
#### Authentication Kotlin extensions version 21.0.5
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
auth` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics version 18.2.11
* Improved crash reporting reliability for multi-process apps on Android 28 and above.
#### Crashlytics Kotlin extensions version 18.2.11
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
crashlytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics NDK version 18.2.11
* Updated `firebase-crashlytics` dependency to v18.2.11.
### Crashlytics Gradle plugin version 2.9.0
* Improved debugging output, for improved clarity of native symbol file build IDs.
* Added new, internal interfaces that enable future integrations with command-line tooling.
* Internal refactor to remove dead code and obsolete features.
### Performance Monitoring version 20.1.0
* Added support for out-of-the-box measurement of screen performance metrics for Fragments. For more details, visit Learn about screen rendering performance data.
* Fixed a bug where screen traces were not capturing frame metrics for multi-Activity apps.
* Excluded custom attributes that have key/value lengths of 0.
#### Performance Monitoring Kotlin extensions version 20.1.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
performance` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
## Update - May 19, 2022
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 30.0.2
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v30.0.1 Version mapped
to this BoM v30.0.2 com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 21.0.0 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 21.0.0 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-debug-testing 16.0.0 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-debug 16.0.0 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-playintegrity 16.0.0 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-safetynet 16.0.0 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck 16.0.0 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 21.0.4 21.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 21.0.4 21.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 21.0.0 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 18.2.10 18.2.10
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 18.2.10 18.2.10
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 18.2.10 18.2.10
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 20.0.5 20.0.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 20.0.5 20.0.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 24.1.2 24.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 24.1.2 24.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 17.0.1 17.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 17.0.1 17.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 23.0.4 23.0.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 23.0.4 23.0.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 23.0.4 23.0.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx 24.0.3 24.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 24.0.3 24.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 20.0.6 20.0.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 20.0.6 20.0.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 20.0.1 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 20.0.1 20.0.1
### Cloud Messaging version 23.0.5
* Fixed a dependency on the `firebase-datatransport` layer. (GitHub #3716)
* Upgraded logging priority for message delivery events to avoid dropped logs.
#### Cloud Messaging Kotlin extensions version 23.0.5
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
messaging` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Messaging Direct Boot version 23.0.5
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases. For more details, refer to the Cloud Messaging v23.0.5 release notes.
## Update - May 12, 2022
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 30.0.1
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v30.0.0 Version mapped
to this BoM v30.0.1 com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 21.0.0 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 21.0.0 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-debug-testing 16.0.0 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-debug 16.0.0 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-playintegrity 16.0.0 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-safetynet 16.0.0 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck 16.0.0 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 21.0.3 21.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 21.0.3 21.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 21.0.0 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 18.2.10 18.2.10
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 18.2.10 18.2.10
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 18.2.10 18.2.10
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 20.0.5 20.0.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 20.0.5 20.0.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 24.1.2 24.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 24.1.2 24.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 17.0.1 17.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 17.0.1 17.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 23.0.4 23.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 23.0.4 23.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 23.0.4 23.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx 24.0.3 24.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 24.0.3 24.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 20.0.6 20.0.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 20.0.6 20.0.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 20.0.1 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 20.0.1 20.0.1
### Authentication version 21.0.4
* Fixed a regression where connecting to the Firebase Authentication emulator sometimes fails.
#### Authentication Kotlin extensions version 21.0.4
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
auth` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
## Update - May 06, 2022
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 30.0.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v29.3.1 Version mapped
to this BoM v30.0.0 com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 20.1.2 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 20.1.2 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-debug-testing N/A 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-debug N/A 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-playintegrity N/A 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck-safetynet N/A 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appcheck N/A 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 21.0.3 21.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 21.0.3 21.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 20.1.0 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 21.0.2 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 21.0.2 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 20.1.2 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 18.2.9 18.2.10
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 18.2.9 18.2.10
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 18.2.9 18.2.10
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 20.0.4 20.0.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 20.0.4 20.0.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 24.1.1 24.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 24.1.1 24.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 20.0.2 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 20.0.2 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 17.0.1 17.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 17.0.1 17.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 23.0.3 23.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 23.0.3 23.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 23.0.3 23.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx 24.0.3 24.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 24.0.3 24.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 20.0.6 20.0.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 20.0.6 20.0.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 20.0.1 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 20.0.1 20.0.1
### Analytics version 21.0.0
* BREAKING CHANGE: Removed deprecated ecommerce constants. Visit the Analytics documentation to learn more about measuring ecommerce with Google Analytics 4.
* The following constants were removed from `FirebaseAnalytics.Event`:
* `CHECKOUT_PROGRESS`
* `ECOMMERCE_PURCHASE`
* `PRESENT_OFFER`
* `PURCHASE_REFUND`
* `SET_CHECKOUT_OPTION`
* The following constants were removed from `FirebaseAnalytics.Param`:
* `CHECKOUT_OPTION`
* `CHECKOUT_STEP`
* `ITEM_LIST`
* `ITEM_LOCATION_ID`
* `SIGN_UP_METHOD`
#### Analytics Kotlin extensions version 21.0.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
analytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### App Check version 16.0.0
* App Check has exited beta and is now generally available for use.
* Added support for Play Integrity as an attestation provider.
### App Check Debug version 16.0.0
* App Check has exited beta and is now generally available for use.
### App Check Debug Testing version 16.0.0
* App Check has exited beta and is now generally available for use.
### App Check Play Integrity version 16.0.0
* Added support for Play Integrity as an attestation provider.
### App Check SafetyNet version 16.0.0
* App Check has exited beta and is now generally available for use.
### Cloud Firestore version 24.1.2
* Fixed an issue where patching multiple fields shadows each other. (GitHub Issue #3528).
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 24.1.2
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK version 20.1.0
* Added a new method `getHttpsCallableFromUrl(java.net.URL)` to create callables with URLs.
#### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK Kotlin extensions version 20.1.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
functions` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Realtime Database version 20.0.5
* `Query.get` no longer throws "Client is offline" exception when local value is not available. Instead, it waits for a backend connection.
#### Realtime Database Kotlin extensions version 20.0.5
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
database` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Remote Config version 21.1.0
This version contains a bug that causes HTTP errors in some locales. We
recommend updating to the latest version (v21.1.1+) which contains a fix. For
more information, see GitHub Issue #3757
* Added first-open time to Remote Config server requests.
#### Remote Config Kotlin extensions version 21.1.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
config` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
## Update - April 27, 2022
### Crashlytics version 18.2.10
* Fixed a bug that could prevent unhandled exceptions from being propogated to the default handler when the network is unavailable.
* Internal changes to support on-demand fatal crash reporting for Flutter apps.
* Fixed a bug that prevented Crashlytics from initalizing on some devices in some cases. (GitHub Issue #3269)
#### Crashlytics Kotlin extensions version 18.2.10
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
crashlytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics NDK version 18.2.10
* Updated `firebase-crashlytics` dependency to v18.2.10.
## Update - April 14, 2022
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 29.3.1
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v29.3.0 Version mapped
to this BoM v29.3.1 com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 21.0.3 21.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 21.0.3 21.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 21.0.2 21.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 21.0.2 21.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 18.2.9 18.2.9
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 18.2.9 18.2.9
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 18.2.9 18.2.9
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 20.0.4 20.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 20.0.4 20.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 24.1.0 24.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 24.1.0 24.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 20.0.2 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 20.0.2 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 17.0.1 17.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 17.0.1 17.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 23.0.2 23.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 23.0.2 23.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 23.0.2 23.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx 24.0.3 24.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 24.0.3 24.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 20.0.6 20.0.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 20.0.6 20.0.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 20.0.1 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 20.0.1 20.0.1
### App Check version 16.0.0-beta06
* Fixed a bug in the App Check token refresh flow when using a custom provider.
### App Check Debug version 16.0.0-beta06
* Fixed a bug in the App Check token refresh flow when using a custom provider.
### App Check Debug Testing version 16.0.0-beta06
* Fixed a bug in the App Check token refresh flow when using a custom provider.
### App Check SafetyNet version 16.0.0-beta06
* Fixed a bug in the App Check token refresh flow when using a custom provider.
### App Distribution version 16.0.0-beta02
* Fixed a bug that prevented testers from signing in when the app had an underscore in the package name.
* Fixed a UI bug where the APK download notification displayed the incorrect error message.
* Internal improvements to tests.
#### App Distribution Kotlin extensions version 16.0.0-beta02
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the base `firebase-app-
distribution` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional
updates.
### Cloud Firestore version 24.1.1
* Fixed an issue in the beta version of the index engine that might cause Cloud Firestore to exclude document results for limit queries with local modifications.
* Cloud Firestore can now serialize objects with `android.net.Uri`s.
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 24.1.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Messaging version 23.0.3
* Removed test resources from library.
* Changed to catch `RuntimeException` when getting the `Bundle` from an `Activity Intent` while checking for notification analytics data.
* Internal changes to notification building methods.
#### Cloud Messaging Kotlin extensions version 23.0.3
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
messaging` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Messaging Direct Boot version 23.0.3
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases. For more details, refer to the Cloud Messaging v23.0.3 release notes.
## Update - March 24, 2022
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 29.3.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v29.2.1 Version mapped
to this BoM v29.3.0 com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 20.1.1 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 20.1.1 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 21.0.2 21.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 21.0.2 21.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 21.0.2 21.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 21.0.2 21.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 20.1.1 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 18.2.9 18.2.9
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 18.2.9 18.2.9
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 18.2.9 18.2.9
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 20.0.4 20.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 20.0.4 20.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 24.0.2 24.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 24.0.2 24.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 20.0.2 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 20.0.2 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 17.0.1 17.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 17.0.1 17.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 23.0.2 23.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 23.0.2 23.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 23.0.2 23.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx 24.0.3 24.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 24.0.3 24.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 20.0.6 20.0.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 20.0.6 20.0.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 20.0.1 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 20.0.1 20.0.1
### Analytics version 20.1.2
* Added support for data collection customization.
* Added Analytics Merchant Center results measurement to improve ecommerce reporting.
#### Analytics Kotlin extensions version 20.1.2
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
analytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### App Check version 16.0.0-beta05
* Internal improvements.
### App Check Debug version 16.0.0-beta05
* Internal improvements.
### App Check Debug Testing version 16.0.0-beta05
* Internal improvements.
### App Check SafetyNet version 16.0.0-beta05
* Internal improvements.
### Authentication version 21.0.3
* Started to collect the Firebase user agent for Firebase Authentication.
* Fixed a regression in the provider linking flow.
#### Authentication Kotlin extensions version 21.0.3
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
auth` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Firestore version 24.1.0
* Added beta support for indexed query execution. You can enable indexes by invoking `FirebaseFirestore.setIndexConfiguration()` with the JSON index definition exported by the Firebase CLI. Queries against the cache are executed using an index once the asynchronous index generation completes.
* Fixed missing document fields issue with offline overlays. (GitHub Issue #3528).
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 24.1.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
## Update - March 17, 2022
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 29.2.1
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v29.2.0 Version mapped
to this BoM v29.2.1 com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 20.1.0 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 21.0.2 21.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 21.0.2 21.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 21.0.2 21.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 21.0.2 21.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 20.1.0 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 18.2.9 18.2.9
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 18.2.9 18.2.9
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 18.2.9 18.2.9
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 20.0.4 20.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 20.0.4 20.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 24.0.2 24.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 24.0.2 24.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 20.0.2 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 20.0.2 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 20.1.2 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 17.0.1 17.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 17.0.1 17.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 23.0.1 23.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 23.0.1 23.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 23.0.1 23.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx 24.0.3 24.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 24.0.3 24.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 20.0.6 20.0.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 20.0.6 20.0.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 20.0.1 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 20.0.1 20.0.1
### Analytics version 20.1.1
* Added support to automatically include the `com.google.android.gms.permission.AD_ID` permission in the SDK's manifest which is automatically merged into the app's manifest by Android build tools. To learn more about the `AD_ID` permission declaration, including how to disable it, refer to this Play Console Help article.
#### Analytics Kotlin extensions version 20.1.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
analytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Messaging version 23.0.2
* Fixed an issue where the messaging component in the Firebase Android BoM leaked the `httpcomponents` transitive dependencies.
#### Cloud Messaging Kotlin extensions version 23.0.2
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
messaging` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Messaging Direct Boot version 23.0.2
* Fixed an issue where the messaging component in the Firebase Android BoM leaked the `httpcomponents` transitive dependencies.
## Update - March 10, 2022
With this release, several Firebase libraries updated their dependencies of
`play-services-basement`, `play-services-base`, and `play-services-tasks` to
their latest versions (v18.0.0, v18.0.1, and v18.0.1, respectively),
Learn more about the changes associated with this dependency update
* Strict nullability annotations (`@NonNull` and `@Nullable`) are now being used where previously `@RecentlyNonNull` and `@RecentlyNullable` were used. With this change, what once caused a nullness warning will now cause an error when building Kotlin code or using Java `null` checking frameworks.
* Removed deprecated fitness constants from `Scopes`.
* Added `withTimeout()` utilty method to `Tasks`.
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 29.2.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v29.1.0 Version mapped
to this BoM v29.2.0 com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 21.0.1 21.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 20.0.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 20.0.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 21.0.1 21.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 18.2.8 18.2.9
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 18.2.8 18.2.9
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 18.2.8 18.2.9
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 20.0.3 20.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 20.0.3 20.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 21.0.0 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 21.0.0 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 24.0.1 24.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 24.0.1 24.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 20.0.1 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 20.0.1 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 20.1.1 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 20.1.1 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 20.1.1 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 20.1.1 20.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 17.0.0 17.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 17.0.0 17.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 23.0.0 23.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 23.0.0 23.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 23.0.0 23.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx 24.0.2 24.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 24.0.2 24.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 20.0.5 20.0.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 20.0.5 20.0.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 20.0.0 20.0.1
### A/B Testing version 21.0.1
* Updated dependencies of `play-services-basement`, `play-services-base`, and `play-services-tasks` to their latest versions (v18.0.0, v18.0.1, and v18.0.1, respectively). For more information, see the note at the top of this release entry.
### App Distribution version 16.0.0-beta01
* The App Distribution Android SDK is now available in beta. You can use this SDK to notify testers in-app when a new test build is available. To learn more, visit the App Distribution reference documentation.
#### App Distribution Kotlin extensions version 16.0.0-beta01
The App Distribution Android library with Kotlin extensions is now available
in beta. The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the base
`firebase-app-distribution` library. To learn more, visit the App Distribution
KTX reference documentation.
### App Distribution Gradle plugin version 3.0.1
* Fixed `Missing app id` issue when the app uses the `google-services` plugin.
* Fixed issue where using `artifactPath` failed when configuration cache was enabled.
* Fixed issue where `artifactPath` was using the path of the `build.gradle` file instead of the project root as the root for relative paths.
### Authentication version 21.0.2
* Fixed a bug that was causing a memory leak in Firebase Authentication.
* Started to collect the Firebase Android App ID of the app (this is not the app's package name). This value is included in the header of each request.
#### Authentication Kotlin extensions version 21.0.2
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
auth` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Firestore version 24.0.2
* Fixed a Firebase App Check issue that caused Cloud Firestore listeners to stop working and receive a `Permission Denied` error. This issue only occurred if the App Check expiration time was set to under an hour.
* Fixed a potential problem during the shutdown of Cloud Firestore that prevented the shutdown from proceeding if a network connection was opened right before.
* Fixed an NPE issue where mutations with multiple documents were not handled correctly during previous mutation acknowledgement. (GitHub Isse #3490).
* Queries are now sent to the backend before the SDK starts local processing, which reduces overall query latency.
* Updated dependencies of `play-services-basement`, `play-services-base`, and `play-services-tasks` to their latest versions (v18.0.0, v18.0.1, and v18.0.1, respectively). For more information, see the note at the top of this release entry.
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 24.0.2
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK version 20.0.2
* Updated dependencies of `play-services-basement`, `play-services-base`, and `play-services-tasks` to their latest versions (v18.0.0, v18.0.1, and v18.0.1, respectively). For more information, see the note at the top of this release entry.
#### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK Kotlin extensions version 20.0.2
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
functions` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Messaging version 23.0.1
* Updated to the latest version of the `firebase-datatransport` library.
* Updated dependencies of `play-services-basement`, `play-services-base`, and `play-services-tasks` to their latest versions (v18.0.0, v18.0.1, and v18.0.1, respectively). For more information, see the note at the top of this release entry.
* On Android 7.0 and earlier, the SDK now logs that a notification was opened after `onActivityCreated` to avoid a race condition when unparceling the extras Bundle.
* Switched to stopping an image download by canceling a `Future` to interrupt the download thread. This change avoids errors that can occur in the image downloading library when trying to close the stream on a different thread than the one that started the download.
* Fixed reference documentation for `RemoteMessage.getMessageId()` and updated obsolete references to Google Cloud Messaging (GCM).
#### Cloud Messaging Kotlin extensions version 23.0.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
messaging` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Messaging Direct Boot version 23.0.1
* Updated dependencies of `play-services-basement`, `play-services-base`, and `play-services-tasks` to their latest versions (v18.0.0, v18.0.1, and v18.0.1, respectively). For more information, see the note at the top of this release entry.
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases. For more details, refer to the Cloud Messaging v23.0.1 release note.
### Crashlytics version 18.2.9
* Updated dependencies of `play-services-basement`, `play-services-base`, and `play-services-tasks` to their latest versions (v18.0.0, v18.0.1, and v18.0.1, respectively). For more information, see the note at the top of this release entry.
#### Crashlytics Kotlin extensions version 18.2.9
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
crashlytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics NDK version 18.2.9
* Updated `firebase-crashlytics` dependency to v18.2.9.
### Dynamic Links version 21.0.1
* Updated dependencies of `play-services-basement`, `play-services-base`, and `play-services-tasks` to their latest versions (v18.0.0, v18.0.1, and v18.0.1, respectively). For more information, see the note at the top of this release entry.
#### Dynamic Links Kotlin extensions version 21.0.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
dynamic-links` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional
updates.
### In-App Messaging version 20.1.2
* Updated dependencies of `play-services-basement`, `play-services-base`, and `play-services-tasks` to their latest versions (v18.0.0, v18.0.1, and v18.0.1, respectively). For more information, see the note at the top of this release entry.
#### In-App Messaging Kotlin extensions version 20.1.2
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
inappmessaging` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional
updates.
### In-App Messaging Display version 20.1.2
* Updated dependencies of `play-services-basement`, `play-services-base`, and `play-services-tasks` to their latest versions (v18.0.0, v18.0.1, and v18.0.1, respectively). For more information, see the note at the top of this release entry.
#### In-App Messaging Display Kotlin extensions version 20.1.2
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
inappmessaging-display` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no
additional updates.
### Firebase installations version 17.0.1
* Updated dependencies of `play-services-basement`, `play-services-base`, and `play-services-tasks` to their latest versions (v18.0.0, v18.0.1, and v18.0.1, respectively). For more information, see the note at the top of this release entry.
#### Firebase installations Kotlin extensions version 17.0.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
installations` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional
updates.
### Firebase ML Model Downloader version 24.0.3
* Updated dependencies of `play-services-basement`, `play-services-base`, and `play-services-tasks` to their latest versions (v18.0.0, v18.0.1, and v18.0.1, respectively). For more information, see the note at the top of this release entry.
#### Firebase ML Kotlin extensions version 24.0.3
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-ml-
modeldownloader` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional
updates.
### Performance Monitoring version 20.0.6
* Fixed a null pointer exception (NPE) when instrumenting network requests. (GitHub Issue #3406)
* Fixed a bug where incorrect session IDs were associated with some foreground and background traces.
* Updated dependencies of `play-services-basement`, `play-services-base`, and `play-services-tasks` to their latest versions (v18.0.0, v18.0.1, and v18.0.1, respectively). For more information, see the note at the top of this release entry.
#### Performance Monitoring Kotlin extensions version 20.0.6
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
performance` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Realtime Database version 20.0.4
* Updated dependencies of `play-services-basement`, `play-services-base`, and `play-services-tasks` to their latest versions (v18.0.0, v18.0.1, and v18.0.1, respectively). For more information, see the note at the top of this release entry.
#### Realtime Database Kotlin extensions version 20.0.4
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
database` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Remote Config version 21.0.2
* Updated dependencies of `play-services-basement`, `play-services-base`, and `play-services-tasks` to their latest versions (v18.0.0, v18.0.1, and v18.0.1, respectively). For more information, see the note at the top of this release entry.
#### Remote Config Kotlin extensions version 21.0.2
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
config` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Storage for Firebase version 20.0.1
* Updated dependencies of `play-services-basement`, `play-services-base`, and `play-services-tasks` to their latest versions (v18.0.0, v18.0.1, and v18.0.1, respectively). For more information, see the note at the top of this release entry.
#### Cloud Storage for Firebase Kotlin extensions version 20.0.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
storage` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
## Update - February 11, 2022
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 29.1.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v29.0.4 Version mapped
to this BoM v29.1.0 com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 20.0.2 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 20.0.2 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 20.0.2 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 18.2.7 18.2.8
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 18.2.7 18.2.8
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 18.2.7 18.2.8
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 20.0.3 20.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 20.0.3 20.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 21.0.0 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 21.0.0 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 24.0.1 24.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 24.0.1 24.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 20.0.1 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 20.0.1 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 23.0.0 23.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 23.0.0 23.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 23.0.0 23.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx 24.0.1 24.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 24.0.1 24.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 20.0.4 20.0.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 20.0.4 20.0.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 20.0.0 20.0.0
### Analytics version 20.1.0
* Enhanced campaign attribution. You can now include more traffic source dimension details in Google Analytics reporting. Learn more in the Analytics Help Center.
* Improved support for DCLID collection. You can now attribute conversions from Display & Video 360 and Search Ads 360 with Google Analytics.
#### Analytics Kotlin extensions version 20.1.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
analytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics version 18.2.8
* Updated to the latest version of the `firebase-datatransport` library.
#### Crashlytics Kotlin extensions version 18.2.8
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
crashlytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics NDK version 18.2.8
* Updated `firebase-crashlytics` dependency to v18.2.8.
### Firebase ML Model Downloader version 24.0.2
* Fixed an issue where `FirebaseModelDownloader.getInstance` would crash when using non-default FirebaseApp instances. (GitHub Issue #3321)
* Updated to the latest version of the `firebase-datatransport` library.
#### Firebase ML Kotlin extensions version 24.0.2
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-ml-
modeldownloader` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional
updates.
### Performance Monitoring version 20.0.5
* Enabled global custom attributes for network request traces.
* Updated log statement to differentiate an event being dropped due to rate limiting and sampling.
#### Performance Monitoring Kotlin extensions version 20.0.5
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
performance` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
## Update - January 20, 2022
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 29.0.4
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v29.0.3 Version mapped
to this BoM v29.0.4 com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 20.0.2 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 20.0.2 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 20.0.2 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 18.2.6 18.2.7
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 18.2.6 18.2.7
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 18.2.6 18.2.7
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 20.0.3 20.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 20.0.3 20.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 21.0.0 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 21.0.0 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 24.0.0 24.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 24.0.0 24.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 20.0.1 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 20.0.1 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 23.0.0 23.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 23.0.0 23.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 23.0.0 23.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx 24.0.1 24.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 24.0.1 24.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 20.0.4 20.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 20.0.4 20.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 20.0.0 20.0.0
### App Distribution Gradle plugin version 3.0.0
* Added support for running the `appDistributionUpload` task with configuration cache enabled.
* Breaking change: Updated command-line overrides to be in the form `-PROPERTY_NAME=PROPERTY_VALUE`. Command line overrides in the form `-PappDistribution-PROPERTY_NAME=PROPERTY_VALUE` will no longer work.
* Removed the deprecated `apkPath` property.
### Cloud Firestore version 24.0.1
* Optimized performance for offline usage.
* Optimized performance for queries with collections that contain subcollections.
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 24.0.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics version 18.2.7
* Improved runtime efficiency of the `setCustomKey` functions, significantly reducing the number of `Task` objects and disk writes when keys are updated frequently. (GitHub PR #3254)
* Fixed a StrictMode `DiskReadViolation`. (GitHub Issue #3265)
#### Crashlytics Kotlin extensions version 18.2.7
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
crashlytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics NDK version 18.2.7
* Updated `firebase-crashlytics` dependency to v18.2.7.
### Performance Monitoring Gradle plugin version 1.4.1
* Migrated away from the deprecated Android Gradle plugin APIs.
## Update - December 16, 2021
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 29.0.3
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v29.0.2 Version mapped
to this BoM v29.0.3 com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 20.0.1 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 20.0.1 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 20.0.1 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 18.2.6 18.2.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 18.2.6 18.2.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 18.2.6 18.2.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 20.0.3 20.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 20.0.3 20.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 21.0.0 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 21.0.0 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 24.0.0 24.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 24.0.0 24.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 20.0.1 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 20.0.1 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 23.0.0 23.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 23.0.0 23.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 23.0.0 23.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx 24.0.1 24.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 24.0.1 24.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 20.0.4 20.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 20.0.4 20.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 20.0.0 20.0.0
### Analytics version 20.0.2
* Updated dependencies of `play-services-base` and `play-services-tasks` to their latest version (v18.0.1) which resolves the issue that can lead to runtime NPEs (`NullPointerException`) when handling `Task<Void>` results in Kotlin code.
#### Analytics Kotlin extensions version 20.0.2
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
analytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
## Update - December 10, 2021
The Analytics libraries released with this update have known issues that can
lead to runtime NPEs (`NullPointerException`) when handling `Task<Void>`
results in Kotlin code. The latest release on December 16, 2021 includes the
fix that resolves this issue, so we strongly recommend using the versions of
the Analytics library or the Firebase Android BoM that are included with that
release. You can find all other progress updates in this public issue.
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 29.0.2
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v29.0.1 Version mapped
to this BoM v29.0.2 com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 20.0.0 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 20.0.0 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 18.2.5 18.2.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 18.2.5 18.2.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 18.2.5 18.2.6
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 20.0.3 20.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 20.0.3 20.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 21.0.0 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 21.0.0 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 24.0.0 24.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 24.0.0 24.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 20.0.1 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 20.0.1 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 23.0.0 23.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 23.0.0 23.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 23.0.0 23.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx 24.0.1 24.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 24.0.1 24.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 20.0.4 20.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 20.0.4 20.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 20.0.0 20.0.0
### Analytics version 20.0.1
* Updated dependencies of `play-services-base`, `play-services-basement`, and `play-services-tasks` to their latest version (v18.0.0). For more information, see their release note.
#### Analytics Kotlin extensions version 20.0.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
analytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics version 18.2.6
* Internal changes to support future improvements to Flutter crash reporting.
#### Crashlytics Kotlin extensions version 18.2.6
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
crashlytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics NDK version 18.2.6
* Updated internal Crashpad version to commit `281ba7`. With this change, disabling tagged pointers is no longer required, so the following can be removed from your manifest's `application` tag: `android:allowNativeHeapPointerTagging=false`.
* Updated `firebase-crashlytics` dependency to v18.2.6.
## Update - November 30, 2021
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 29.0.1
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v29.0.0 Version mapped
to this BoM v29.0.1 com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 18.2.4 18.2.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 18.2.4 18.2.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 18.2.4 18.2.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 20.0.2 20.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 20.0.2 20.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 21.0.0 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 21.0.0 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 24.0.0 24.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 24.0.0 24.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 20.0.1 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 20.0.1 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 23.0.0 23.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 23.0.0 23.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 23.0.0 23.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx 24.0.0 24.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 24.0.0 24.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 20.0.3 20.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 20.0.3 20.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 20.0.0 20.0.0
### App Check version 16.0.0-beta04
* Improved error handling logic by minimizing the amount of requests that are unlikely to succeed.
* Fixed heartbeat reporting.
### App Check Debug version 16.0.0-beta04
* Improved error handling logic by minimizing the amount of requests that are unlikely to succeed.
* Fixed heartbeat reporting.
### App Check Debug Testing version 16.0.0-beta04
* Improved error handling logic by minimizing the amount of requests that are unlikely to succeed.
* Fixed heartbeat reporting.
### App Check SafetyNet version 16.0.0-beta04
* Improved error handling logic by minimizing the amount of requests that are unlikely to succeed.
* Fixed heartbeat reporting.
### Crashlytics version 18.2.5
* Fixed a bug that prevented some Crashlytics session files from being removed after the session ended. All session-specific files are now properly cleaned up.
* Internal improvements to Crashlytics file management, to ensure consistent creation and removal of intermediate Crashlytics files.
#### Crashlytics Kotlin extensions version 18.2.5
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
crashlytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics NDK version 18.2.5
* Internal improvements to Crashlytics file management, to ensure consistent creation and removal of intermediate Crashlytics files.
* Updated `firebase-crashlytics` dependency to v18.2.5.
### Crashlytics Gradle plugin version 2.8.1
* Published the plugin marker artifact for the Crashlytics Gradle plugin. Starting with this version, the Crashlytics Gradle plugin can now be applied using the `plugins {}` DSL block.
* Fixed a bug that resulted in incorrect prioritization of `firebaseCrashlytics` properties when using multiple flavor dimensions. Exension properties are now prioritized based on the order in which the dimensions are declared in the `flavorDimensions` property, as described in the Android Gradle plugin documentation.
### Firebase ML Model Downloader version 24.0.1
* Added support for Android API key restrictions.
### Performance Monitoring version 20.0.4
* Improved Performance Monitoring start up time by 25%. This improvement was achieved by moving some component initialization to background threads.
#### Performance Monitoring Kotlin extensions version 20.0.4
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
performance` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Realtime Database version 20.0.3
* Fixed a crash that prevented the SDK from connecting to the backend if a credential refresh was unsuccesful.
#### Realtime Database Kotlin extensions version 20.0.3
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
database` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
## Update - October 29, 2021
Breaking change: The following Firebase Android SDKs now require devices and
emulators to target API level 19 (KitKat) or higher and to use Android 4.4 or
higher. For more details, refer to each SDK's release note. Google Analytics
Cloud Firestore Firebase Cloud Messaging Firebase Dynamic Links
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 29.0.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v28.4.2 Version mapped
to this BoM v29.0.0 com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 19.0.2 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 19.0.2 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 19.0.2 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 18.2.3 18.2.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 18.2.3 18.2.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 18.2.3 18.2.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 20.0.2 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 20.0.2 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 20.1.1 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 20.1.1 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 23.0.4 24.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 23.0.4 24.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 20.0.1 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 20.0.1 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 20.1.0 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 20.1.0 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 22.0.0 23.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 22.0.0 23.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 22.0.0 23.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx 24.0.0 24.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 24.0.0 24.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 20.0.3 20.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 20.0.3 20.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 20.0.0 20.0.0
### Analytics version 20.0.0
* Due to its dependency on Google Play services, this SDK now requires devices and emulators to target API level 19 (KitKat) or higher and to use Android 4.4 or higher.
#### Analytics Kotlin extensions version 20.0.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
analytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Firestore version 24.0.0
* This SDK now requires devices and emulators to target API level 19 (KitKat) or higher and to use Android 4.4 or higher. This is due to an update in its gRPC dependency version and to align with requirements of other Firebase libraries.
* Added support for Firebase App Check.
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 24.0.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Messaging version 23.0.0
* Due to its dependency on Google Play services, this SDK now requires devices and emulators to target API level 19 (KitKat) or higher and to use Android 4.4 or higher.
* Added methods for determining and controlling whether Google Play services is set as the app’s notification delegate. By default, FCM will now set Google Play services as the app’s notification delegate so that it is allowed to display notifications for the app. This could be used in the future to show an app’s notifications without needing to start the app, which may improve message reliability and timeliness.
#### Cloud Messaging Kotlin extensions version 23.0.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
messaging` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Messaging Direct Boot version 23.0.0
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases. For more details, refer to the Cloud Messaging v23.0.0 release notes.
### Crashlytics version 18.2.4
* Internal changes to support ANR collection and their upcoming display in the console.
#### Crashlytics Kotlin extensions version 18.2.4
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
crashlytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics NDK version 18.2.4
* Added an obfuscation exclusion for `com.google.firebase.crashlytics.ndk.FirebaseCrashlyticsNdk` to the Proguard configuration for this AAR, to avoid potential reflection errors when obfuscating NDK-enabled apps.
* Updated `firebase-crashlytics` dependency to v18.2.4.
### Crashlytics Gradle plugin version 2.8.0
* NDK symbols are now extracted using the Breakpad symbol file generator by default. No developer action is required to take advantage of this feature.
* If you previously added the `symbolGenerator { breakpad() }` block to your build configuration to use Breakpad, you can remove it, but this change is not required.
* If you want to use the legacy cSYM symbol file generator, add `symbolGenerator { csym() }` to your build's `firebaseCrashlytics` extension.
### Dynamic Links version 21.0.0
* Due to its dependency on Google Play services, this SDK now requires devices and emulators to target API level 19 (KitKat) or higher and to use Android 4.4 or higher.
* Fixed non-null annotation. GitHub Issue #2336
#### Dynamic Links Kotlin extensions version 21.0.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
dynamic-links` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional
updates.
### In-App Messaging version 20.1.1
* Updated the gRPC dependency version.
#### In-App Messaging Kotlin extensions version 20.1.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
inappmessaging` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional
updates.
### In-App Messaging Display version 20.1.1
* Updated the gRPC dependency version.
#### In-App Messaging Display Kotlin extensions version 20.1.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
inappmessaging-display` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no
additional updates.
## Update - October 04, 2021
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 28.4.2
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v28.4.1 Version mapped
to this BoM v28.4.2 com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 19.0.1 19.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 19.0.1 19.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 19.0.1 19.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 18.2.1 18.2.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 18.2.1 18.2.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 18.2.1 18.2.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 20.0.2 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 20.0.2 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 23.0.3 23.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 23.0.3 23.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 20.0.1 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 20.0.1 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 22.0.0 22.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 22.0.0 22.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 22.0.0 22.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx 24.0.0 24.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 24.0.0 24.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 20.0.2 20.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 20.0.2 20.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 20.0.0 20.0.0
### Analytics version 19.0.2
* Enabled support to modify and create events on devices without Google Play services.
#### Analytics Kotlin extensions version 19.0.2
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
analytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### App Check version 16.0.0-beta03
* Added `X-Android-Package` and `X-Android-Cert` request headers to App Check network calls.
### App Check Debug version 16.0.0-beta03
* Added `X-Android-Package` and `X-Android-Cert` request headers to App Check network calls.
### App Check Debug Testing version 16.0.0-beta03
* Added `X-Android-Package` and `X-Android-Cert` request headers to App Check network calls.
### App Check SafetyNet version 16.0.0-beta03
* Added `X-Android-Package` and `X-Android-Cert` request headers to App Check network calls.
### Cloud Firestore version 23.0.4
* Fixed an issue where some fields were missed when copying in the `FirebaseFirestoreSettings.Builder` copy constructor.
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 23.0.4
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics version 18.2.3
* Fixed a race condition that prevented some launch-time crashes from being reported to Crashlytics.
* Internal changes to support upcoming Unity crash reporting improvements.
#### Crashlytics Kotlin extensions version 18.2.3
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
crashlytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics NDK version 18.2.3
* Internal changes to support upcoming Unity crash reporting improvements.
* Updated `firebase-crashlytics` dependency to v18.2.3.
### Performance Monitoring version 20.0.3
* Performance Monitoring now has a random delay of 5 to 30 seconds before fetching Remote Config upon app startup.
* Added a validation to stop screen traces with 0 total frames from being sent to the backend.
#### Performance Monitoring Kotlin extensions version 20.0.3
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
performance` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
## Update - September 13, 2021
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 28.4.1
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v28.4.0 Version mapped
to this BoM v28.4.1 com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 19.0.1 19.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 19.0.1 19.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 19.0.1 19.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 18.2.1 18.2.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 18.2.1 18.2.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 18.2.1 18.2.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 20.0.1 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 20.0.1 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 23.0.3 23.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 23.0.3 23.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 20.0.0 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 22.0.0 22.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 22.0.0 22.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 22.0.0 22.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx 24.0.0 24.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 24.0.0 24.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 20.0.2 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 20.0.2 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 20.0.0 20.0.0
### App Distribution Gradle plugin version 2.2.0
* Added support to manage testers in your project from Gradle using the `appDistributionAddTesters` and `appDistributionRemoveTesters` commands. Refer to the command output for instructions on how to use these features.
* Increased the time that we poll for a new release after uploading a binary to 5 minutes.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK version 20.0.1
* Fixed an issue that prevented functions from proceeding after App Check failures.
#### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK Kotlin extensions version 20.0.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
functions` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Realtime Database version 20.0.2
* The SDK can now continue to issue writes for apps that send invalid App Check tokens if App Check enforcement is not enabled.
#### Realtime Database Kotlin extensions version 20.0.2
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
database` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
## Update - August 20, 2021
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 28.4.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v28.3.1 Version mapped
to this BoM v28.4.0 com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 19.0.0 19.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 19.0.0 19.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 19.0.0 19.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 18.2.1 18.2.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 18.2.1 18.2.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 18.2.1 18.2.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 20.0.1 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 20.0.1 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 23.0.3 23.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 23.0.3 23.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 20.0.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 20.0.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 20.0.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 20.0.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 22.0.0 22.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 22.0.0 22.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 22.0.0 22.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx 24.0.0 24.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 24.0.0 24.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 20.0.2 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 20.0.2 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 20.0.0 20.0.0
### Analytics version 19.0.1
* Internal code cleanup.
#### Analytics Kotlin extensions version 19.0.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
analytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### In-App Messaging version 20.1.0
* Migrated to Glide library for image downloading.
#### In-App Messaging Kotlin extensions version 20.1.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
inappmessaging` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional
updates.
### In-App Messaging Display version 20.1.0
* Migrated to Glide library for image downloading.
#### In-App Messaging Display Kotlin extensions version 20.1.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
inappmessaging-display` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no
additional updates.
## Update - August 09, 2021
### google-services plugin 4.3.10
* Fixed bug where configuration avoidence allowed the `processGoogleServices` task to either not run or crash on configuration. (GitHub Issue #2894, Issue #196, Issue #197)
## Update - August 05, 2021
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 28.3.1
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v28.3.0 Version mapped
to this BoM v28.3.1 com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 19.0.0 19.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 19.0.0 19.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 21.0.0 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 21.0.0 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 19.0.0 19.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 18.2.0 18.2.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 18.2.0 18.2.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 18.2.0 18.2.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 20.0.1 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 20.0.1 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 20.1.1 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 23.0.3 23.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 23.0.3 23.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 22.0.0 22.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 22.0.0 22.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 22.0.0 22.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx 24.0.0 24.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 24.0.0 24.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 20.0.2 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 20.0.2 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 20.0.0 20.0.0
### Crashlytics version 18.2.1
* Fixed a `ConcurrentModificationException` that could be logged to logcat when setting multiple custom key/values in rapid succession.
#### Crashlytics Kotlin extensions version 18.2.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
crashlytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics NDK version 18.2.1
* Improved support for NDK crash reporting when using Play Feature Delivery. Previously, `firebase-crashlytics-ndk` needed to be a dependency of the app module to consistently report native crashes for all supported Android versions. Crashlytics will now report native crashes when used as a dependency of a feature module.
* Updated `firebase-crashlytics` dependency to v18.2.1.
### Remote Config version 21.0.1
* Fixed a bug in the initialization of Remote Config with a non-primary Firebase app.
#### Remote Config Kotlin extensions version 21.0.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
config` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### google-services plugin 4.3.9
* Added configuration avoidence to plugin. (GitHub Issue #180)
## Update - July 22, 2021
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 28.3.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v28.2.1 Version mapped
to this BoM v28.3.0 com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 19.0.0 19.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 19.0.0 19.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 21.0.0 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 21.0.0 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 19.0.0 19.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 18.1.0 18.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 18.1.0 18.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 18.1.0 18.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 20.0.0 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 20.1.0 20.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 23.0.2 23.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 23.0.2 23.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 22.0.0 22.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 22.0.0 22.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 22.0.0 22.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx 24.0.0 24.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 24.0.0 24.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 20.0.2 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 20.0.2 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 20.0.0 20.0.0
### Cloud Firestore version 23.0.3
* Fixed an issue that was causing failures when a data bundle with multi-byte Unicode characters was loaded.
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 23.0.3
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics version 18.2.0
* Internal changes.
#### Crashlytics Kotlin extensions version 18.2.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
crashlytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics NDK version 18.2.0
* Updated `firebase-crashlytics` dependency to v18.2.0.
### Dynamic Links version 20.1.1
* Internal infrastructure improvements.
#### Dynamic Links Kotlin extensions version 20.1.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
dynamic-links` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional
updates.
### Realtime Database version 20.0.1
* Fixed an issue that prevented clients from connecting to the backend when the app used App Check without Authentication.
#### Realtime Database Kotlin extensions version 20.0.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
database` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
## Update - July 09, 2021
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 28.2.1
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v28.2.0 Version mapped
to this BoM v28.2.1 com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 19.0.0 19.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 19.0.0 19.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 21.0.0 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 21.0.0 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 19.0.0 19.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 18.1.0 18.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 18.1.0 18.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 18.1.0 18.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 23.0.1 23.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 23.0.1 23.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 22.0.0 22.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 22.0.0 22.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 22.0.0 22.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx 24.0.0 24.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 24.0.0 24.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 20.0.1 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 20.0.1 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 20.0.0 20.0.0
### App Check version 16.0.0-beta02
* Added `getAppCheckToken()`, `AppCheckTokenListener`, and associated setters and removers for developers to request and observe changes to the App Check token.
### App Check Debug version 16.0.0-beta02
* Added `getAppCheckToken()`, `AppCheckTokenListener`, and associated setters and removers for developers to request and observe changes to the App Check token.
### App Check Debug Testing version 16.0.0-beta02
* Added `getAppCheckToken()`, `AppCheckTokenListener`, and associated setters and removers for developers to request and observe changes to the App Check token.
### App Check SafetyNet version 16.0.0-beta02
* Added `getAppCheckToken()`, `AppCheckTokenListener`, and associated setters and removers for developers to request and observe changes to the App Check token.
### Cloud Firestore version 23.0.2
* Improved Firestore's network condition detection.
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 23.0.2
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Performance Monitoring version 20.0.2
* Fixed inaccurate calculation of screen activity metrics for multi-activity apps. (GitHub Issue #2672)
Note: You may see some changes in data for frozen frames and slow rendering
metrics.
* Fixed issue where screen traces were not being tracked for Android API levels 23 and below.
#### Performance Monitoring Kotlin extensions version 20.0.2
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
performance` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
## Update - June 23, 2021
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 28.2.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v28.1.0 Version mapped
to this BoM v28.2.0 com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 19.0.0 19.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 19.0.0 19.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 21.0.0 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 21.0.0 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 19.0.0 19.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 18.0.1 18.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 18.0.1 18.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 18.0.1 18.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 20.1.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 23.0.1 23.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 23.0.1 23.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 22.0.0 22.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 22.0.0 22.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 22.0.0 22.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx 24.0.0 24.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 24.0.0 24.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 20.0.1 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 20.0.1 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 20.0.0 20.0.0
### App Distribution Gradle plugin version 2.1.3
* Fixed an error (`java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.android.build.gradle.internal.scope.InternalArtifactType$BUNDLE`) that occurred when using the Android Gradle plugin v7.0-beta1.
### Crashlytics version 18.1.0
* Internal changes to support upcoming Unity features.
#### Crashlytics Kotlin extensions version 18.1.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
crashlytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics NDK version 18.1.0
* Updated `firebase-crashlytics` dependency to v18.1.0.
### Crashlytics Gradle plugin version 2.7.1
* Fixed bug that could result in a "Task not found" error for the `uploadCrashlyticsSymbolFile` task when using product flavors.
## Update - June 03, 2021
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 28.1.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v28.0.1 Version mapped
to this BoM v28.1.0 com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 19.0.0 19.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 19.0.0 19.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 21.0.0 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 21.0.0 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 19.0.0 19.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 18.0.0 18.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 18.0.0 18.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 18.0.0 18.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 20.0.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 20.0.0 20.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 23.0.0 23.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 23.0.0 23.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 22.0.0 22.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 22.0.0 22.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 22.0.0 22.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx 24.0.0 24.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 24.0.0 24.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 20.0.0 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 20.0.0 20.0.0
### Cloud Firestore version 23.0.1
* The SDK now tries to immediately establish a connection to the backend when the app enters the foreground.
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 23.0.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics version 18.0.1
* Fixed a bug that could prevent proper removal of Crashlytics NDK crash report files when crash reporting is disabled, resulting in excessive disk use.
#### Crashlytics Kotlin extensions version 18.0.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
crashlytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics NDK version 18.0.1
* Updated `firebase-crashlytics` dependency to v18.0.1, which fixes a bug that could cause excessive disk usage from NDK crash report files when crash reporting is disabled.
### Crashlytics Gradle plugin version 2.7.0
* Added support for new argument types to `unstrippedNativeLibsDir`, used for NDK symbol generation and uploading. The override now accepts any arguments allowable for `org.gradle.api.Project#files(Object...)`, including `java.lang.String`, `java.io.File`, and `org.gradle.api.file.FileCollection`. You can specify multiple directories for a single build flavor by providing a list or `FileCollection` instance.
* The Crashlytics Gradle plugin now prints a warning recommending removal of the `strippedNativeLibsDir` property, which was formerly required when using the `unstrippedNativeLibsDir` property. `strippedNativeLibsDir` is no longer used and should be removed from your build configuration.
* The Crashlytics Gradle plugin's dependency on the `google-services` plugin has been modified to depend on task outputs from `google-services` rather than depend directly on the `google-services` task itself. This change (1) resolves a warning that "execution optimizations have been disabled" for `MappingFileUploadTask` and `SymbolFileUploadTask` when building with Gradle 7 and (2) makes it easier to override the input for those tasks for apps that don't use the `google-services` plugin.
* Modified the Breakpad symbol generator binary to be globally executable and to statically link against standard libraries, which should resolve build errors for NDK developers using Docker-based CI systems.
### Dynamic Links version 20.1.0
* Added `getUtmParameters` method to `PendingDynamicLinkData`.
#### Dynamic Links Kotlin extensions version 20.1.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
dynamic-links` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional
updates.
### Performance Monitoring version 20.0.1
* Logs for Firebase Performance Monitoring now contain URLs to view performance data in the Firebase console.
* Fixed `RateLimiter` replenishment logic and unit alignment.
#### Performance Monitoring Kotlin extensions version 20.0.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
performance` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
## Update - May 14, 2021
### google-services plugin 4.3.8
* Added back erroneously removed class files and plugin properties file.
## Update - May 13, 2021
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 28.0.1
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v28.0.0 Version mapped
to this BoM v28.0.1 com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 19.0.0 19.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 19.0.0 19.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 21.0.0 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 21.0.0 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 21.0.0 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 21.0.0 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 19.0.0 19.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 18.0.0 18.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 18.0.0 18.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 18.0.0 18.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 23.0.0 23.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 23.0.0 23.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 22.0.0 22.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 22.0.0 22.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 22.0.0 22.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx 24.0.0 24.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 24.0.0 24.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 20.0.0 20.0.0
### Authentication version 21.0.1
* Resolved a phone-auth crash based on a class/interface mismatch in the SMS Retriever API.
#### Authentication Kotlin extensions version 21.0.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
auth` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics Gradle plugin version 2.6.1
* Fixed a bug that caused the `generateCrashlyticsSymbolFile` task to fail for NDK builds on Gradle 7.0+.
* Re-enabled mapping file uploads by default for obfuscated builds. The previous release erroneously required mapping file uploading to be explicitly enabled.
### google-services plugin 4.3.7
This version of the `google-services` plugin should not be used. Update to
v4.3.8 or later.
* Fixed a bug for the following exception: `AbstractDynamicObject$CustomMessageMissingMethodException: Could not find method setVariantDir()`.
## Update - May 11, 2021
Breaking change: Gradle builds that use Android Gradle plugin (AGP) v4.2 or
earlier need to enable Java 8 support. Otherwise, these projects get a build
failure when adding a Firebase SDK (for versions in Firebase BoM v28.0.0 or
later).
To fix this build failure, you can follow one of two options:
* Add the listed `compileOptions` from the error message to your app-level `build.gradle` file.
* Increase the `minSdkVersion` for your Android project to 26 or above.
Learn more about this build failure in this FAQ.
Breaking change: The following libraries were removed from the Firebase BoM:
* `firebase-ads` and `firebase-ads-lite`
To continue using Google AdMob, you need to explicitly add the dependency for
the Google Mobile Ads SDK including its version (`com.google.android.gms:play-
services-ads:21.5.0`) to your app's `build.gradle` file.
If your app calls any Google Analytics APIs, you can continue using the
Firebase BoM, but make sure that you explicitly add the dependency for the
Firebase SDK for Google Analytics (`com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics`)
to your app's `build.gradle` file.
* `firebase-crash`
Consider using Firebase Crashlytics as your crash reporting solution.
* `firebase-ml-model-interpreter` and `firebase-ml-vision`
For an alternative to `firebase-ml-model-interpreter`, see the Custom Models
docs.
For an alternative to `firebase-ml-vision`, see the Text Recognition, Image
Labeling, and Landmark Recognition docs.
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 28.0.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v27.1.0 Version mapped
to this BoM v28.0.0 com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 18.0.3 19.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 18.0.3 19.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 19.2.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 20.0.4 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 20.0.4 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 19.5.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 19.5.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 20.0.4 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 20.0.4 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 18.0.3 19.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 17.4.1 18.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 17.4.1 18.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 17.4.1 18.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 19.7.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 19.7.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 19.1.1 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 19.1.1 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 16.1.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 22.1.2 23.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 22.1.2 23.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 19.2.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 19.2.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 19.1.5 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 19.1.5 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 19.1.5 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 19.1.5 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 16.3.5 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 16.3.5 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 21.1.0 22.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 21.0.1 22.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 21.1.0 22.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx 23.0.1 24.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 23.0.1 24.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 19.1.1 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 19.1.1 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 19.2.2 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 19.2.2 20.0.0
Breaking change: The following libraries were removed from the Firebase BoM:
* `firebase-ads` and `firebase-ads-lite`
To continue using Google AdMob, you need to explicitly add the dependency for
the Google Mobile Ads SDK including its version (`com.google.android.gms:play-
services-ads:21.5.0`) to your app's `build.gradle` file.
If your app calls any Google Analytics APIs, you can continue using the
Firebase BoM, but make sure that you explicitly add the dependency for the
Firebase SDK for Google Analytics (`com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics`)
to your app's `build.gradle` file.
* `firebase-crash`
Consider using Firebase Crashlytics as your crash reporting solution.
* `firebase-ml-model-interpreter` and `firebase-ml-vision`
For an alternative to `firebase-ml-model-interpreter`, see the Custom Models
docs.
For an alternative to `firebase-ml-vision`, see the Text Recognition, Image
Labeling, and Landmark Recognition docs.
### A/B Testing version 21.0.0
* Internal infrastructure improvements.
* Internal changes to support dynamic feature modules.
### Analytics version 19.0.0
* Internal infrastructure improvements.
#### Analytics Kotlin extensions version 19.0.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
analytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### App Distribution Gradle plugin version 2.1.2
* Fixed an error (`java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: com/google/api/client/json/jackson2/JacksonFactory`) that occurred when using newer versions of the `google-api-client` library.
* Fixed an error (`java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.android.build.gradle.internal.scope.InternalArtifactType$BUNDLE`) that occurred when using Android Gradle Plugin 4.2.0.
### App Check version 16.0.0-beta01
* Initial beta release of the App Check SDK with abuse reduction features.
### App Check Debug version 16.0.0-beta01
* Initial beta release of the App Check Debug SDK with abuse reduction features.
### App Check Debug Testing version 16.0.0-beta01
* Initial beta release of the App Check Debug Testing SDK with abuse reduction features.
### App Check SafetyNet version 16.0.0-beta01
* Initial beta release of the App Check SafetyNet SDK with abuse reduction features.
### App Indexing version 20.0.0
* Removed the deprecated `FirebaseAppIndex.create()` method. Use `FirebaseAppIndex.getInstance(Context)` instead.
* Removed the deprecated `FirebaseUserActions.create()` method. Use `FirebaseUserActions.getInstance(Context)` instead.
### Authentication version 21.0.0
* Internal infrastructure improvements.
#### Authentication Kotlin extensions version 21.0.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
auth` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK version 20.0.0
* Added abuse reduction features.
* Internal changes to support dynamic feature modules.
#### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK Kotlin extensions version 20.0.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
functions` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Firestore version 23.0.0
* Internal infrastructure improvements.
* Internal changes to support dynamic feature modules.
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 23.0.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Messaging version 22.0.0
* Removed dependency on the deprecated Firebase Instance ID SDK.
Caution: This is a breaking change for apps that use FCM and the deprecated
Firebase Instance ID API to manage registration tokens.
We strongly recommend migrating to FCM's token APIs. If you're unable to
migrate to the replacement APIs, add a direct dependency on the `firebase-iid`
library to your `build.gradle` file.
* Changed to open an `Activity` directly when a notification is tapped instead of passing it through `FirebaseMessagingService`. This change is to comply with Android 12 notification trampoline restrictions.
* Internal changes to use proto instead of JSON for logging.
* Internal changes to support dynamic feature modules.
* Internal infrastructure improvements.
#### Cloud Messaging Kotlin extensions version 22.0.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
messaging` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Messaging Direct Boot version 22.0.0
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases.
* Internal changes to support dynamic feature modules.
* Internal infrastructure improvements.
### Cloud Storage for Firebase version 20.0.0
* Added abuse reduction features.
* Added the ability to connect to the Cloud Storage emulator.
* Internal changes to support dynamic feature modules.
* Internal infrastructure improvements.
#### Cloud Storage for Firebase Kotlin extensions version 20.0.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
storage` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics version 18.0.0
* Removed call to `FirebaseInstallations#getId()` when automatic data collection is disabled for Crashlytics. Crashlytics no longer makes any network calls when reporting is disabled.
* Internal changes to support dynamic feature modules.
#### Crashlytics Kotlin extensions version 18.0.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
crashlytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics NDK version 18.0.0
* Internal changes to support dynamic feature modules.
* Updated `firebase-crashlytics` dependency to v18.0.0.
### Crashlytics Gradle plugin version 2.6.0
* Added an optional Breakpad -based symbol generator for NDK symbol file uploads. Enabling this feature will result in better NDK stack traces.
### Dynamic Links version 20.0.0
* Internal infrastructure improvements.
#### Dynamic Links Kotlin extensions version 20.0.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
dynamic-links` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional
updates.
### Dynamic feature modules support version 16.0.0-beta01
* Support for dynamic feature modules is now available for all Firebase libraries. By using feature modules, you can reduce download size for most users of your app.
### In-App Messaging version 20.0.0
* Internal infrastructure improvements.
#### In-App Messaging Kotlin extensions version 20.0.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
inappmessaging` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional
updates.
### In-App Messaging Display version 20.0.0
* Internal infrastructure improvements.
#### In-App Messaging Display Kotlin extensions version 20.0.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
inappmessaging-display` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no
additional updates.
### Firebase installations version 17.0.0
* Internal infrastructure improvements.
#### Firebase installations Kotlin extensions version 17.0.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
installations` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional
updates.
### Firebase ML Model Downloader version 24.0.0
* Internal infrastructure improvements.
#### Firebase ML Kotlin extensions version 24.0.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-ml-
modeldownloader` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional
updates.
### Performance Monitoring version 20.0.0
* Introduce Dagger as a dependency injection framework for some parts of the code.
* Improved the code organization of the SDK (package restructure, code conventions, remove unncessary annotations).
* Improve the launch time of the SDK.
#### Performance Monitoring Kotlin extensions version 20.0.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
performance` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Performance Monitoring Gradle plugin version 1.4.0
* Improved plugin runtime through parallel transformation by migrating to the new ASM classes transform API. This feature applies to apps using Android Gradle plugin v4.2.0 or higher.
### Realtime Database version 20.0.0
* Added abuse reduction features.
* Internal changes to support dynamic feature modules.
* Internal infrastructure improvements.
#### Realtime Database Kotlin extensions version 20.0.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
database` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Remote Config version 21.0.0
* Internal infrastructure improvements.
* Internal changes to support dynamic feature modules.
#### Remote Config Kotlin extensions version 21.0.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
config` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### google-services plugin 4.3.6
This version of the `google-services` plugin should not be used. Update to
v4.3.8 or later.
* Refactored to use separate `buildType` and `productFlavors` for determining the locations of the `google-services.json` files. (GitHub PR #131)
## Update - April 20, 2021
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 27.1.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v27.0.0 Version mapped
to this BoM v27.1.0 com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ads 20.0.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 18.0.3 18.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 18.0.3 18.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 19.2.0 19.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 20.0.4 20.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 20.0.4 20.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 19.5.0 19.5.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 19.5.0 19.5.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 20.0.4 20.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 20.0.4 20.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 18.0.3 18.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-crash 16.2.1 16.2.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 17.4.1 17.4.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 17.4.1 17.4.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 17.4.1 17.4.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 19.7.0 19.7.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 19.7.0 19.7.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 19.1.1 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 19.1.1 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 16.1.0 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 22.1.2 22.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 22.1.2 22.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 19.2.0 19.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 19.2.0 19.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 19.1.5 19.1.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 19.1.5 19.1.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 19.1.5 19.1.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 19.1.5 19.1.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 16.3.5 16.3.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 16.3.5 16.3.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 21.1.0 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter 22.0.4 22.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader-ktx N/A 23.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 23.0.0 23.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision 24.1.0 24.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 19.1.1 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 19.1.1 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 19.2.2 19.2.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 19.2.2 19.2.2
### App Distribution Gradle plugin version 2.1.1
* Fixed a `WorkValidationException` that occured when attempting to upload a distribution with Gradle 7.0.
### Firebase ML Model Downloader version 23.0.1
* Updated to accommodate the release of the Firebase ML Kotlin extensions library.
#### Firebase ML Kotlin extensions version 23.0.1
* The beta release of a Firebase ML Android library with Kotlin extensions is now available. The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the base `firebase-ml-model-downloader` library. To learn more, visit the Firebase ML KTX documentation.
## Update - April 08, 2021
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 27.0.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v26.8.0 Version mapped
to this BoM v27.0.0 com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite 19.8.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ads 19.8.0 20.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 18.0.2 18.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 18.0.2 18.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 19.2.0 19.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 20.0.3 20.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 20.0.3 20.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 19.5.0 19.5.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 19.5.0 19.5.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 20.0.4 20.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 20.0.4 20.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 18.0.2 18.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-crash 16.2.1 16.2.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 17.4.1 17.4.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 17.4.1 17.4.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 17.4.1 17.4.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 19.7.0 19.7.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 19.7.0 19.7.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 19.1.1 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 19.1.1 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 16.1.0 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 22.1.2 22.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 22.1.2 22.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 19.2.0 19.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 19.2.0 19.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.0.1 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 19.1.5 19.1.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 19.1.5 19.1.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 19.1.5 19.1.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 19.1.5 19.1.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 16.3.5 16.3.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 16.3.5 16.3.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 21.0.1 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 21.0.1 21.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter 22.0.4 22.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 23.0.0 23.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision 24.1.0 24.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 19.1.1 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 19.1.1 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 19.2.2 19.2.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 19.2.2 19.2.2
### Analytics version 18.0.3
* Fixed a bug in the Google Analytics Consent API.
#### Analytics Kotlin extensions version 18.0.3
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
analytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Authentication version 20.0.4
* Added missing dependency on browser for customtabs-related flows.
* Fixed sychronization issue for cryptographic key management.
#### Authentication Kotlin extensions version 20.0.4
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
auth` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Messaging version 21.1.0
* Migrated internal handling of new token callbacks and notification actions from Firebase Instance ID to Firebase Cloud Messaging.
* Added functionality to generate FCM tokens from `FirebaseMessaging.getToken`, while continuing to call through to Firebase Instance ID if it is present. This will allow Firebase Cloud Messaging to remove its dependency on Firebase Instance ID in the future.
#### Cloud Messaging Kotlin extensions version 21.1.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
messaging` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Messaging Direct Boot version 21.1.0
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases. For more details, refer to the Cloud Messaging v21.1.0 release notes.
### Firebase Instance ID version 21.1.0
* Removed the FCM new token and notification callback functionality and migrated it to Firebase Cloud Messaging. For more information, refer to the Cloud Messaging v21.1.0 release notes.
* Fixed an inconsistency where only certain calls that generate a new FCM token for the app's default Firebase project triggered the `FirebaseMessagingService.onNewToken` hook.
### Instance ID Interop version 17.1.0
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases. For more details, refer to the Firebase Instance ID v21.1.0 release notes.
## Update - March 25, 2021
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 26.8.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v26.7.0 Version mapped
to this BoM v26.8.0 com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite 19.7.0 19.8.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ads 19.7.0 19.8.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 18.0.2 18.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 18.0.2 18.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 19.2.0 19.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 20.0.3 20.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 20.0.3 20.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 19.5.0 19.5.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 19.5.0 19.5.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 20.0.4 20.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 20.0.4 20.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 18.0.2 18.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-crash 16.2.1 16.2.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 17.4.0 17.4.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 17.4.0 17.4.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 17.4.0 17.4.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 19.7.0 19.7.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 19.7.0 19.7.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 19.1.1 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 19.1.1 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 16.1.0 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 22.1.1 22.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 22.1.1 22.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 19.2.0 19.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 19.2.0 19.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 19.1.5 19.1.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 19.1.5 19.1.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 19.1.5 19.1.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 19.1.5 19.1.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 16.3.5 16.3.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 16.3.5 16.3.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter 22.0.4 22.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 23.0.0 23.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision 24.1.0 24.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 19.1.1 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 19.1.1 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 19.2.1 19.2.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 19.2.1 19.2.2
### Cloud Firestore version 22.1.2
* Internal changes in preparation for future support of dynamic feature modules.
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 22.1.2
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Storage for Firebase version 19.2.2
* Fixed an issue that caused the SDK to report incorrect values for `getTotalByteCount()` after a download was paused and resumed.
#### Cloud Storage for Firebase Kotlin extensions version 19.2.2
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
storage` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics version 17.4.1
* Improved rooted device detection. (GitHub PR #2515)
* Fix an uncaught IllegalStateExeception that could be thrown if Crashlytics is unable to register a receiver that collects battery state information. If registration fails due to the app already having registered too many receivers, Crashlytics will report default values for the battery state rather than crashing. (GitHub PR #2504)
#### Crashlytics Kotlin extensions version 17.4.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
crashlytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics NDK version 17.4.1
* Updated `firebase-crashlytics` dependency to v17.4.1.
### Crashlytics Gradle plugin version 2.5.2
* Fixed an incorrect intermediate build directory name that caused build failures on Windows when uploading native symbol files.
* The plugin will no longer attempt to upload empty mapping files, as an empty file indicates no deobfuscation is necessary.
* Improved some warnings and debug logging.
## Update - March 11, 2021
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 26.7.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v26.6.0 Version mapped
to this BoM v26.7.0 com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite 19.7.0 19.7.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ads 19.7.0 19.7.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 18.0.2 18.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 18.0.2 18.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 19.2.0 19.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 20.0.3 20.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 20.0.3 20.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 19.5.0 19.5.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 19.5.0 19.5.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 20.0.4 20.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 20.0.4 20.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 18.0.2 18.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-crash 16.2.1 16.2.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 17.3.1 17.4.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 17.3.1 17.4.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 17.3.1 17.4.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 19.6.0 19.7.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 19.6.0 19.7.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 19.1.1 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 19.1.1 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 16.1.0 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 22.1.1 22.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 22.1.1 22.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 19.2.0 19.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 19.2.0 19.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 19.1.5 19.1.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 19.1.5 19.1.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 19.1.5 19.1.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 19.1.5 19.1.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 16.3.5 16.3.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 16.3.5 16.3.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter 22.0.4 22.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader 23.0.0 23.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision 24.1.0 24.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 19.1.1 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 19.1.1 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 19.2.1 19.2.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 19.2.1 19.2.1
### Crashlytics version 17.4.0
* Added the `setCustomKeys` API to allow bulk logging of custom keys and values. (Github PR #2443)
#### Crashlytics Kotlin extensions version 17.4.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
crashlytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics NDK version 17.4.0
* Updated `firebase-crashlytics` dependency to v17.4.0.
### Realtime Database version 19.7.0
* Added `Query#startAfter()` and `Query#endBefore()` filters to help with paginated queries.
#### Realtime Database Kotlin extensions version 19.7.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
database` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
## Update - March 01, 2021
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 26.6.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v26.5.0 Version mapped
to this BoM v26.6.0 com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite 19.7.0 19.7.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ads 19.7.0 19.7.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 18.0.2 18.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 18.0.2 18.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 19.2.0 19.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 20.0.2 20.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 20.0.2 20.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 19.5.0 19.5.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 19.5.0 19.5.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 20.0.3 20.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 20.0.3 20.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 18.0.2 18.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-crash 16.2.1 16.2.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 17.3.1 17.3.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 17.3.1 17.3.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 17.3.1 17.3.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 19.6.0 19.6.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 19.6.0 19.6.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 19.1.1 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 19.1.1 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 16.1.0 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 22.1.0 22.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 22.1.0 22.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 19.2.0 19.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 19.2.0 19.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 19.1.4 19.1.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 19.1.4 19.1.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 19.1.4 19.1.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 19.1.4 19.1.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 16.3.5 16.3.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 16.3.5 16.3.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter 22.0.4 22.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-modeldownloader N/A 23.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision 24.1.0 24.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 19.1.1 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 19.1.1 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 19.2.1 19.2.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 19.2.1 19.2.1
### Authentication version 20.0.3
* Fixed bug that prevented web-based IDP flows from launching on non-GMS devices.
#### Authentication Kotlin extensions version 20.0.3
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
auth` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Firestore version 22.1.1
* Fixed an issue that dropped the limit for queries loaded from Cloud Firestore bundles that were generated by the NodeJS SDK.
* Fixed a bug where local cache inconsistencies were unnecessarily being resolved, causing the `Task` objects returned from `get()` invocations to never complete. GitHub PR #2404
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 22.1.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### In-App Messaging version 19.1.5
* Fixed `WindowManager$BadTokenException` when showing an in-app message.
#### In-App Messaging Kotlin extensions version 19.1.5
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
inappmessaging` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional
updates.
### In-App Messaging Display version 19.1.5
* Fixed `WindowManager$BadTokenException` when showing an in-app message.
#### In-App Messaging Display Kotlin extensions version 19.1.5
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
inappmessaging-display` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no
additional updates.
### Firebase ML Model Downloader version 23.0.0
This release includes the initial beta release of the Firebase ML Model
Downloader SDK.
The Firebase ML Model Downloader SDK provides APIs for downloading models
hosted with Firebase ML Custom Model Hosting. This SDK is a lightweight
version of the ML Kit Custom Models library (`firebase-ml-model-interpreter`),
allowing you to work with custom hosted models without the interpreter API,
which is now provided directly by TFLite runtime.
* Added custom hosted model download and on-device management capabilities.
* Added ability to get the model download ID, which allows progress tracking of file downloads.
### App Distribution Gradle plugin version 2.1.0
* Updated Gradle build version to 5.6.4.
* Added an override for properties set in the `build.gradle` file by passing command line arguments in the form of `--appDistribution-PROPERTY_NAME=PROPERTY_VALUE`
### Crashlytics Gradle plugin version 2.5.1
* Added the Gradle configuration cache for NDK builds (requires the Android Gradle plugin v7.0.0-alpha06+). The Crashlytics Gradle plugin v2.5.0 supports the configuration cache for non-NDK builds.
* Fixed a `No signature of method` error that could occur when building with Gradle 6.1 - 6.4.1 and Crashlytics Gradle plugin v2.5.0.
* Removed unnecessary validation for obsolete `strippedNativeLibsDir` property.
### Performance Monitoring Gradle plugin version 1.3.5
* Added support for Configuration Cache.
## Update - February 11, 2021
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 26.5.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v26.4.0 Version mapped
to this BoM v26.5.0 com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite 19.7.0 19.7.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ads 19.7.0 19.7.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 18.0.2 18.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 18.0.2 18.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 19.1.0 19.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 20.0.2 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 20.0.2 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 19.5.0 19.5.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 19.5.0 19.5.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 20.0.3 20.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 20.0.3 20.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 18.0.2 18.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-crash 16.2.1 16.2.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 17.3.1 17.3.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 17.3.1 17.3.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 17.3.1 17.3.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 19.6.0 19.6.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 19.6.0 19.6.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 19.1.1 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 19.1.1 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 16.1.0 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 22.0.2 22.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 22.0.2 22.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 19.2.0 19.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 19.2.0 19.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 19.1.4 19.1.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 19.1.4 19.1.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 19.1.4 19.1.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 19.1.4 19.1.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 16.3.5 16.3.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 16.3.5 16.3.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter 22.0.4 22.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision 24.1.0 24.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 19.1.0 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 19.1.0 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 19.2.1 19.2.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 19.2.1 19.2.1
### App Indexing version 19.2.0
* Deprecated `FirebaseAppIndex.getInstance()`. Use `FirebaseAppIndex.getInstance(Context)` instead.
* Deprecated `FirebaseUserActions.getInstance()`. Use `FirebaseUserActions.getInstance(Context)` instead.
* Added `IndexableBuilder.setAlternateName(String...)`. Use this to set alternate or additional names for indexed content.
* Added `IndexableBuilder.setId(String)`. Use this to set an identifier for the Indexable.
* Added `IndexableBuilder.setIsPartOf(IndexableBuilder<?>...)`. Use this to set the sub-group or collection that the Indexable is part of.
### Cloud Firestore version 22.1.0
* Added support for Cloud Firestore bundles via `FirebaseFirestore.loadBundle()` and `FirebaseFirestore.getNamedQuery()`. Bundles contain pre-packaged data produced with the Firebase Admin Node.js SDK and can be used to populate the cache for Cloud Firestore without the need to read documents from the backend.
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 22.1.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics Gradle plugin version 2.5.0
* Added Gradle configuration cache support for non-NDK builds. A future release will include configuration cache support for NDK customers.
* The Crashlytics Gradle plugin is compatible with Gradle v5.6.4+ and the Android Gradle plugin v3.4.2+. Support for previous Gradle and Android Gradle plugin versions has been removed.
### Performance Monitoring version 19.1.1
* The Firebase Performance Monitoring SDK is now open sourced.
* Fixed issue on the console logger to avoid throwing `UnknownFormatConversionException`.
#### Performance Monitoring Kotlin extensions version 19.1.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
performance` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
## Update - January 28, 2021
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 26.4.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v26.3.0 Version mapped
to this BoM v26.4.0 com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite 19.6.0 19.7.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ads 19.6.0 19.7.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 18.0.1 18.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 18.0.1 18.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 19.1.0 19.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 20.0.2 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 20.0.2 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 19.5.0 19.5.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 19.5.0 19.5.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 20.0.2 20.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 20.0.2 20.0.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 18.0.1 18.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-crash 16.2.1 16.2.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 17.3.0 17.3.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 17.3.0 17.3.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 17.3.0 17.3.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 19.6.0 19.6.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 19.6.0 19.6.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 19.1.1 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 19.1.1 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 16.1.0 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 22.0.1 22.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 22.0.1 22.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 19.2.0 19.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 19.2.0 19.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 19.1.3 19.1.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 19.1.3 19.1.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 19.1.3 19.1.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 19.1.3 19.1.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 16.3.5 16.3.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 16.3.5 16.3.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter 22.0.4 22.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision 24.1.0 24.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 19.1.0 19.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 19.1.0 19.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 19.2.1 19.2.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 19.2.1 19.2.1
### Analytics version 18.0.2
* No changes to the base `firebase-analytics` library.
#### Analytics Kotlin extensions version 18.0.2
* Fixed a bug where some code was getting unintentionally obfuscated by ProGuard. The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-analytics` library.
### Cloud Firestore version 22.0.2
* A write to a document that contains `FieldValue` transforms is no longer split into two separate operations. This reduces the number of writes that the backend performs and allows each `WriteBatch` to hold 500 writes regardless of how many `FieldValue` transformations are attached.
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 22.0.2
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics version 17.3.1
* Removed OkHttp dependency to eliminate conflicts with apps and SDKs using incompatible versions.
#### Crashlytics Kotlin extensions version 17.3.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
crashlytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics NDK version 17.3.1
* Updated `firebase-crashlytics` dependency to v17.3.1.
### In-App Messaging version 19.1.4
* Fixed in-app message button click not working in Android 11 because of package visibility changes.
#### In-App Messaging Kotlin extensions version 19.1.4
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
inappmessaging` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional
updates.
### In-App Messaging Display version 19.1.4
* Fixed in-app message button click not working in Android 11 because of package visibility changes.
#### In-App Messaging Display Kotlin extensions version 19.1.4
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
inappmessaging-display` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no
additional updates.
### Remote Config version 20.0.3
* Standardize support for other Firebase products that integrate with Remote Config.
#### Remote Config Kotlin extensions version 20.0.3
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
config` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### google-services plugin 4.3.5
* Improved configuration cache support.
* Changed the resolution order for `google-services.json` file to be strictly inside-out. Specifically, deeper directories will always be checked first for the configuration file before more shallow directories. This is a change from the previous behavior, where some shallow directories were checked before deeper ones, making the order inconsistent and difficult to predict.
## Update - January 14, 2021
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 26.3.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v26.2.0 Version mapped
to this BoM v26.3.0 com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite 19.6.0 19.6.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ads 19.6.0 19.6.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 18.0.0 18.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 18.0.0 18.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 19.1.0 19.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 20.0.1 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 20.0.1 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 19.5.0 19.5.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 19.5.0 19.5.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 20.0.2 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 20.0.2 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 18.0.0 18.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crash 16.2.1 16.2.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 17.3.0 17.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 17.3.0 17.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 17.3.0 17.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 19.6.0 19.6.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 19.6.0 19.6.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 19.1.1 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 19.1.1 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 16.1.0 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 22.0.1 22.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 22.0.1 22.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 19.2.0 19.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 19.2.0 19.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 19.1.3 19.1.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 19.1.3 19.1.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 19.1.3 19.1.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 19.1.3 19.1.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 16.3.5 16.3.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 16.3.5 16.3.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 21.0.1 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter 22.0.4 22.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision 24.1.0 24.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 19.0.11 19.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 19.0.11 19.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 19.2.1 19.2.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 19.2.1 19.2.1
### Analytics version 18.0.1
* Temporarily removed the following Firebase Dynamic Links namespaces from the reserved event namespace list:
* `dynamic_link_app_open`
* `dynamic_link_app_update`
* `dynamic_link_first_open`
The SDK will still automatically collect data for these events, and the
Analytics dashboards will still display this data.
Important: The reservation of these namespaces will be added back in a future
release, so you should not manually log events using these namespaces.
#### Analytics Kotlin extensions version 18.0.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
analytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Authentication version 20.0.2
* Fixed network requests not having a timeout. They now time out after 60 seconds.
* Fixed #verifyPasswordResetCode() to no longer crash when called.
* Added more prescriptive error messages to the flow where reCAPTCHA verification fails in phone authentication flows.
#### Authentication Kotlin extensions version 20.0.2
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
auth` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Performance Monitoring version 19.1.0
* Removed GMS dependency from Performance Monitoring. Google Play services installation is no longer required to use Performance Monitoring.
* Improved performance event dispatch wait time from 2 hours to 30 seconds.
#### Performance Monitoring Kotlin extensions version 19.1.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
performance` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
## Update - December 16, 2020
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 26.2.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v26.1.1 Version mapped
to this BoM v26.2.0 com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite 19.5.0 19.6.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ads 19.5.0 19.6.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 18.0.0 18.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 18.0.0 18.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 19.1.0 19.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 20.0.1 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 20.0.1 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 19.4.0 19.5.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 19.4.0 19.5.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 20.0.2 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 20.0.2 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 18.0.0 18.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crash 16.2.1 16.2.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 17.3.0 17.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 17.3.0 17.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 17.3.0 17.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 19.5.1 19.6.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 19.5.1 19.6.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 19.1.1 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 19.1.1 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 16.0.0 16.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 22.0.0 22.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 22.0.0 22.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 19.1.0 19.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 19.1.0 19.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.0.0 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 19.1.2 19.1.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 19.1.2 19.1.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 19.1.2 19.1.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 19.1.2 19.1.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 16.3.4 16.3.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 16.3.4 16.3.5
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 21.0.0 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 21.0.0 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 21.0.0 21.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter 22.0.4 22.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision 24.1.0 24.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 19.0.10 19.0.11
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 19.0.10 19.0.11
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 19.2.0 19.2.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 19.2.0 19.2.1
### Cloud Firestore version 22.0.1
* Removed excess validation of null and NaN values in query filters. This more closely aligns the SDK with the Cloud Firestore backend, which has always accepted null and NaN for all operators.
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 22.0.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Messaging version 21.0.1
* Updated to latest version of the `firebase-datatransport` library.
* The SDK now gracefully handles missing default resources.
#### Cloud Messaging Kotlin extensions version 21.0.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
messaging` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Messaging Direct Boot version 21.0.1
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases. For more details, refer to the Cloud Messaging v21.0.1 release note.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK version 19.2.0
* Added support for custom domains, `FirebaseFunctions#getInstance()`.
#### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK Kotlin extensions version 19.2.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
functions` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Storage for Firebase version 19.2.1
* Fixed an issue that caused the SDK to crash if the download location was deleted before the download completed. Instead, the download now fails.
#### Cloud Storage for Firebase Kotlin extensions version 19.2.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
storage` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### In-App Messaging version 19.1.3
* Internal changes to maintain compatibility with other Firebase SDKs.
#### In-App Messaging Kotlin extensions version 19.1.3
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
inappmessaging` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional
updates.
### In-App Messaging Display version 19.1.3
* Internal changes to maintain compatibility with other Firebase SDKs.
#### In-App Messaging Display Kotlin extensions version 19.1.3
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
inappmessaging-display` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no
additional updates.
### Firebase installations version 16.3.5
* Fixed an `IidCompatibilityCheckFailure` lint check failure with a null pointer exception (NPE) that occurred on Gradle v6.1 and above. (GitHub Issue #1701)
#### Firebase installations Kotlin extensions version 16.3.5
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
installations` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional
updates.
### Firebase Instance ID version 21.0.1
* Updated to latest version of the `firebase-datatransport` library.
* Added deprecation warnings to `InstanceIdResult` and removed outdated docs for `FirebaseInstanceIdReceiver`. The `firebase.iid` package was deprecated in v21.0.0.
### Performance Monitoring version 19.0.11
* Upgraded protobuf dependency to the latest released version (GitHub Issue #2158)
#### Performance Monitoring Kotlin extensions version 19.0.11
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
performance` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Realtime Database version 19.6.0
* Added `DatabaseReference#get()` and `Query#get()`, which return data from the server even when older data is available in the local cache.
* Fixed a crash that occured on some Pixel devices when closing the network connection.
#### Realtime Database Kotlin extensions version 19.6.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
database` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
## Update - December 03, 2020
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 26.1.1
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v26.1.0 Version mapped
to this BoM v26.1.1 com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite 19.5.0 19.5.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ads 19.5.0 19.5.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 18.0.0 18.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 18.0.0 18.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 19.1.0 19.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 20.0.1 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 20.0.1 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 19.4.0 19.4.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 19.4.0 19.4.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 20.0.1 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 20.0.1 20.0.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 18.0.0 18.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crash 16.2.1 16.2.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 17.3.0 17.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 17.3.0 17.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 17.3.0 17.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 19.5.1 19.5.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 19.5.1 19.5.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 19.1.1 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 19.1.1 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 16.0.0 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 22.0.0 22.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 22.0.0 22.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 19.1.0 19.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 19.1.0 19.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.0.0 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 19.1.2 19.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 19.1.2 19.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 19.1.2 19.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 19.1.2 19.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 16.3.4 16.3.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 16.3.4 16.3.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 21.0.0 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 21.0.0 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 21.0.0 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter 22.0.4 22.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision 24.1.0 24.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 19.0.10 19.0.10
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 19.0.10 19.0.10
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 19.2.0 19.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 19.2.0 19.2.0
### Remote Config version 20.0.2
* Fixed an issue that was causing Remote Config to return the static default value even if a remote value was defined. (GitHub Issue #2186)
#### Remote Config Kotlin extensions version 20.0.2
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
config` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
## Update - November 12, 2020
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 26.1.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to previous BoM v26.0.0 Version mapped
to this BoM v26.1.0 com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite 19.5.0 19.5.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ads 19.5.0 19.5.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 18.0.0 18.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 18.0.0 18.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 19.1.0 19.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 20.0.0 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 19.3.1 19.4.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 19.3.1 19.4.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 20.0.0 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 20.0.0 20.0.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 18.0.0 18.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crash 16.2.1 16.2.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 17.2.2 17.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 17.2.2 17.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 17.2.2 17.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 19.5.1 19.5.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 19.5.1 19.5.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 19.1.1 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 19.1.1 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 16.0.0 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 22.0.0 22.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 22.0.0 22.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 19.1.0 19.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 19.1.0 19.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.0.0 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 19.1.2 19.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 19.1.2 19.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 19.1.2 19.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 19.1.2 19.1.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 16.3.3 16.3.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 16.3.3 16.3.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 21.0.0 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 21.0.0 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 21.0.0 21.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter 22.0.4 22.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision 24.1.0 24.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 19.0.9 19.0.10
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 19.0.9 19.0.10
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 19.2.0 19.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 19.2.0 19.2.0
### Authentication version 20.0.1
* Fixed an issue where the SDK version number was not properly propagating.
* Added more instructive error messages to the PhoneAuthOptions.Builder#build() to facilitate easier identification of issues.
* Fixed a bug that required the inclusion of a browser dependency in the client application. Instead, when Chrome Custom Tabs are not available for web-based flows (such as Generic IDP or reCAPTCHA in Phone Auth), it will fall back to whatever application is the default for the Intent#ACTION_VIEW intent.
* Removed unnecessary classes and methods to reduce the SDK's size.
#### Authentication Kotlin extensions version 20.0.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
auth` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics version 17.3.0
* Clarified debug logs for crash reports enqueued to be sent via the `firebase-datatransport` library.
* Addressed an issue which could cause a `RejectedExecutionException` in rare cases. (Github Issue #2013)
#### Crashlytics Kotlin extensions version 17.3.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
crashlytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics NDK version 17.3.0
Note: To ensure proper symbolication of NDK crashes, you must use Crashlytics
Gradle plugin v2.4.0+ when using this version of the Crashlytics NDK SDK and
above.
* Upgraded underlying native crash reporting library to Crashpad. This addresses emerging issues with capturing certain types of native crashes on Android 10+ using Breakpad. (Github Issue #1678)
### Crashlytics Gradle plugin version 2.4.1
Note: To ensure proper symbolication of NDK crashes, you must use Crashlytics
NDK SDK v17.3.0+ when using this version of the Crashlytics Gradle plugin and
above.
* Restored compatibility with JDK 8, which was erroneously removed in the prior release.
### Crashlytics Gradle plugin version 2.4.0
Note: To ensure proper symbolication of NDK crashes, you must use Crashlytics
NDK SDK v17.3.0+ when using this version of the Crashlytics Gradle plugin and
above.
* Modified native binary fingerprinting to require only the unstripped library as input. As a result, the plugin no longer analyzes the stripped library at build time.
* `strippedNativeLibsDir` defined in the `firebaseCrashlytics` extension is no longer necessary and will be removed in a future release.
### Firebase installations version 16.3.4
* Fixed an `OverlappingFileLockException` that occurred on some Android 7 & 8 devices when Firebase services tried to register a Firebase installation ID (FID). (GitHub Issue #1519)
#### Firebase installations Kotlin extensions version 16.3.4
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
installations` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional
updates.
### Performance Monitoring version 19.0.10
Note: We recommend using Performance Monitoring Gradle plugin v1.3.4+ with
this version of the Performance Monitoring SDK and above.
* Integrated with the `firebase-datatransport` library for performance log dispatch mechanism.
* Synchronized the access to fix a race condition that was causing a `NullPointerException` when making network requests. (GitHub Issue #2096)
#### Performance Monitoring Kotlin extensions version 19.0.10
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
performance` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Performance Monitoring Gradle plugin version 1.3.4
* Disabled the tracking of network requests used for uploading performance events via the `firebase-transport` library. Refer to the Performance Monitoring SDK v19.0.10 release notes to avoid cyclic generation of those network performance events.
### Remote Config version 20.0.1
* Added support for other Firebase products to integrate with Remote Config.
#### Remote Config Kotlin extensions version 20.0.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
config` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
## Update - October 27, 2020
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 26.0.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to this BoM v26.0.0 Version mapped
to previous BoM v25.13.0 com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite 19.5.0 19.5.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ads 19.5.0 19.5.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 18.0.0 17.6.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 18.0.0 17.6.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 19.1.0 19.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 20.0.0 19.4.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 20.0.0 19.4.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 19.3.1 19.3.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 19.3.1 19.3.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 20.0.0 19.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 20.0.0 19.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 18.0.0 17.5.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crash 16.2.1 16.2.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-buildtools 2.3.0 2.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-gradle 2.3.0 2.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 17.2.2 17.2.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 17.2.2 17.2.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 17.2.2 17.2.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 19.5.1 19.5.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 19.5.1 19.5.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 19.1.1 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 19.1.1 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 16.0.0 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 22.0.0 21.7.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 22.0.0 21.7.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 19.1.0 19.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 19.1.0 19.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 21.0.0 20.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 19.1.2 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 19.1.2 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 19.1.2 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 19.1.2 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 16.3.3 16.3.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 16.3.3 16.3.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-invites 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 21.0.0 20.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 21.0.0 20.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 21.0.0 20.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter 22.0.4 22.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision 24.1.0 24.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 19.0.9 19.0.9
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 19.0.9 19.0.9
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 19.2.0 19.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 19.2.0 19.2.0
### A/B Testing version 20.0.0
* Removed the protocol buffer dependency and moved relevant protocol buffer definitions to Firebase In-App Messaging. If you use A/B Testing with In-App Messaging, you'll need to update to In-App Messaging v19.1.2 or later.
### Analytics version 18.0.0
* Added support for consent mode. Learn more.
* Removed the deprecated Install Referrer Broadcast Receiver.
* Added the following event names as reserved:
* `ad_reward`
* `app_background`
* `app_exception`
* `app_remove`
* `app_store_refund`
* `app_store_subscription_cancel`
* `app_store_subscription_convert`
* `app_store_subscription_renew`
* `app_upgrade`
* `dynamic_link_app_open`
* `dynamic_link_app_update`
* `dynamic_link_first_open`
* `session_start_with_rollout`
* No longer reserving the following event names:
* `app_uninstall`
* `screen_view`
#### Analytics Kotlin extensions version 18.0.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
analytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Authentication version 20.0.0
* The Firebase Authentication Android library now works on devices without Google Play services.
* Added support for the Firebase Authentication emulator. To connect to the emulator, use `FirebaseAuth#useEmulator()`.
Note that if you're running the Firebase Authentication emulator on
"localhost" and connecting from an app that is running inside the Android
Emulator, the Firebase Authentication emulator host will be "10.0.2.2"
followed by its port.
* There are several changes to the Phone Authentication & Phone as second-factor flows. The default flows now rely on SafetyNet to do application identity verification, and fall back to a web-based reCAPTCHA flow. For more details about setup, refer to the Phone Authentication getting started guide.
* Added two methods to help test the other Phone Authentication changes in this release. Call `FirebaseAuthSettings#forceRecaptchaFlowForTesting()` to disable SafetyNet app verification on phone flows. Call `FirebaseAuthSettings#setAppVerificationDisabledForTesting()` to disable all app verification on phone flows. Note that disabling app verification will cause flows to fail unless you're using a testing phone number or are connected to the Firebase Authentication emulator.
* The method `PhoneAuthOptions.Builder#setActivity(android.app.Activity)` is now required in order to build a `PhoneAuthOptions`.
* Removed the method `PhoneAuthOptions.Builder#setExecutor(java.util.concurrent.Executor)` to accommodate other Phone Authentication changes in this release.
* Deprecated both versions of `PhoneAuthProvider#verifyPhoneNumber()` that take an `Activity` as a parameter.
* Removed both versions of `PhoneAuthProvider#verifyPhoneNumber` that take an `Executor` as a parameter. These removals accommodate other Phone Authentication changes in this release.
#### Authentication Kotlin extensions version 20.0.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
auth` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Firestore version 22.0.0
* Removed the deprecated `timestampsInSnapshotsEnabled` setting. Any timestamp in a Cloud Firestore document is now returned as a `Timestamp`. To convert `Timestamp` classes to `java.util.Date`, use `Timestamp.toDate()`.
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 22.0.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Messaging version 21.0.0
* Migrated auto-initialization from Firebase Instance ID to Firebase Cloud Messaging.
* Added a check for incompatible versions of Firebase Instance ID. An exception is thrown during instantiation if one is found.
* Fixed an issue where events were erronously logged to Google Analytics twice.
#### Cloud Messaging Kotlin extensions version 21.0.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
messaging` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Messaging Direct Boot version 21.0.0
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases. For more details, refer to the Cloud Messaging v21.0.0 release note.
### In-App Messaging version 19.1.2
* Internal changes to maintain compatibility with other Firebase SDKs.
#### In-App Messaging Kotlin extensions version 19.1.2
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
inappmessaging` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional
updates.
### In-App Messaging Display version 19.1.2
* Internal changes to maintain compatibility with other Firebase SDKs.
#### In-App Messaging Display Kotlin extensions version 19.1.2
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
inappmessaging-display` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no
additional updates.
### Firebase Instance ID version 21.0.0
* The `firebase.iid` package is now deprecated.
To retrieve FCM registration tokens, use the equivalent methods in the
`FirebaseMessaging` class. Specifically, call `FirebaseMessaging.getToken()`
instead of `FirebaseInstanceId.getToken()`.
If you need to identify specific app installations, use the methods in the
`FirebaseInstallations` class to create, access, and delete Firebase
installation IDs.
For more information, refer to the Cloud Messaging v21.0.0 release notes.
* Removed the auto-initialization functionality and migrated it to Firebase Cloud Messaging. For more information, refer to the Cloud Messaging v21.0.0 release notes.
This results in a slight behavior change. Before, a call to
`deleteInstanceId()` would automatically generate a new token if auto-
initialization was enabled. Now, the new token is only generated on the next
app-start or if `getToken()` is called explicitly.
### Performance Monitoring Gradle plugin version 1.3.3
* Improved overall build time for incremental runs by differentiating processing outputs based on `Jar` and `Directory` format.
* Improved transformation runtime for incremental runs by updating the incremental processing logic for `Directory` inputs to only process changed files.
* Fixed the `DexMergerException` build-time failure (during dex merging) by correctly handling the changed files during incremental processing.
(IssueTracker #164332661 and IssueTracker #162430661)
* Fixed the `ClassNotFoundException` run-time failure (when the app is built on a non-case preserving file system) by updating the transformation logic to process a `Jar` input to a `Jar` output instead of extracting a `Jar` to a `Directory` (which was overwriting files with similar names but with casing differences).
(IssueTracker #132840182, IssueTracker #135171107, GitHub Issue Stripe #1139,
GitHub Issue Stripe #1141, GitHub Issue Stripe #1476)
* Fixed the transformed output file names to generate readable names so that they are helpful to later transforms. This was accomplished by using the `getName()` API provided by the Transform API instead of MD5 hashing the input file path.
(GitHub Issue)
### Remote Config version 20.0.0
* Removed the protocol buffer dependency. Also, removed support for configs saved on device using the legacy protocol buffer format (the SDK stopped using this legacy format starting with Remote Config v16.3.0).
* Removed the deprecated synchronous method `FirebaseRemoteConfig.activateFetched()`. Use the asynchronous `FirebaseRemoteConfig.activate()` instead.
* Removed the deprecated synchronous methods `FirebaseRemoteConfig.setDefaults(int)` and `FirebaseRemoteConfig.setDefaults(Map<String,Object>)`. Use the asynchronous `FirebaseRemoteConfig.setDefaultsAsync(int)` and `FirebaseRemoteConfig.setDefaultsAsync(Map<String,Object>)` instead.
* Removed the deprecated synchronous method `FirebaseRemoteConfig.setConfigSettings(FirebaseRemoteConfigSettings)`. Use the asynchronous `FirebaseRemoteConfig.setConfigSettingsAsync(FirebaseRemoteConfigSettings)` instead.
* Removed the deprecated method `FirebaseRemoteConfig.getByteArray(String)`. Use `FirebaseRemoteConfig.getString(String)` instead.
* Removed the deprecated methods `FirebaseRemoteConfigSettings.isDeveloperModeEnabled()` and `FirebaseRemoteConfigSettings.Builder.setDeveloperModeEnabled(boolean)`. Use `FirebaseRemoteConfigSettings#getMinimumFetchIntervalInSeconds()` and `FirebaseRemoteConfigSettings.Builder#setMinimumFetchIntervalInSeconds(long)` instead.
#### Remote Config Kotlin extensions version 20.0.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
config` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
## Update - October 23, 2020
### Firebase Android BoM (Bill of Materials) version 25.13.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version
Libraries that were versioned with this release are in highlighted rows.
Refer to a library's release notes (on this page) for details about its
changes.
Artifact name Version mapped
to this BoM v25.13.0 Version mapped
to previous BoM v25.12.0 com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite 19.5.0 19.4.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ads 19.5.0 19.4.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx 17.6.0 17.6.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics 17.6.0 17.6.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing 19.1.0 19.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx 19.4.0 19.4.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-auth 19.4.0 19.4.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-common-ktx 19.3.1 N/A
com.google.firebase:firebase-common 19.3.1 N/A
com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx 19.2.0 19.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-config 19.2.0 19.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-core 17.5.1 17.5.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crash 16.2.1 16.2.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-buildtools 2.3.0 2.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-gradle 2.3.0 2.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx 17.2.2 17.2.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk 17.2.2 17.2.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics 17.2.2 17.2.2
com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx 19.5.1 19.5.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-database 19.5.1 19.5.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx 19.1.1 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links 19.1.1 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders 16.0.0 16.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx 21.7.1 21.7.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore 21.7.1 21.7.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx 19.1.0 19.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-functions 19.1.0 19.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-iid 20.3.0 N/A
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx 19.1.1 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display 19.1.1 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx 19.1.1 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging 19.1.1 19.1.1
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx 16.3.3 16.3.3
com.google.firebase:firebase-installations 16.3.3 N/A
com.google.firebase:firebase-invites 17.0.0 17.0.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot 20.3.0 20.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx 20.3.0 20.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging 20.3.0 20.3.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter 22.0.4 22.0.4
com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision 24.1.0 24.1.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx 19.0.9 19.0.9
com.google.firebase:firebase-perf 19.0.9 19.0.9
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx 19.2.0 19.2.0
com.google.firebase:firebase-storage 19.2.0 19.2.0
### Realtime Database version 19.5.1
* Fixed a regression introduced in v19.3.0 that may cause assertion failures, especially when persistence is enabled.
#### Realtime Database Kotlin extensions version 19.5.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
database` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
## Update - October 06, 2020
### Firebase Bill of Materials (Firebase BoM) version 25.12.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite:19.4.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:19.4.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx:17.6.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.6.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx:19.4.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:19.4.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.5.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-buildtools:2.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-gradle:2.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx:17.2.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk:17.2.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics:17.2.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx:19.5.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:19.5.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx:19.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:19.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders:16.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx:21.7.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:21.7.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx:19.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:19.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx:19.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:19.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx:16.3.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot:20.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx:20.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:20.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:22.0.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.8`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.8`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply:18.0.8`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate-model:20.0.9`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate:22.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:22.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-automl:18.0.6`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-barcode-model:16.1.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:20.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:20.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-object-detection-model:19.0.6`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:24.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx:19.0.9`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:19.0.9`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:19.2.0`
### Analytics version 17.6.0
* Added support for the logging of `Event#AD_IMPRESSION` events.
#### Analytics Kotlin extensions version 17.6.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
analytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Firestore version 21.7.1
* Added new internal HTTP headers to the gRPC connection.
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 21.7.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Dynamic Links version 19.1.1
* Updated to support improvements in the KTX library (see below).
#### Dynamic Links Kotlin extensions version 19.1.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
storage` library and has the following additional updates:
* Added API support for destructuring of `ShortDynamicLink` and `PendingDynamicLinkData`.
### Performance Monitoring Gradle plugin version 1.3.2
* Fixed an `ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException` when processing Kotlin class files that use both Inline Functions and Multiplatform Projects by upgrading ASM version. (GitHub Issue #1556)
* Upgraded `asm` POM dependency from v7.0 to v9.0 and added a new POM dependency on `asm-commons` v9.0.
## Update - September 30, 2020
### Firebase Android BoM version 25.11.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite:19.4.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:19.4.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx:17.5.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.5.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx:19.4.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:19.4.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.5.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-buildtools:2.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-gradle:2.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx:17.2.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk:17.2.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics:17.2.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx:19.5.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:19.5.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-encoders:16.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx:21.7.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:21.7.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx:19.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:19.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx:19.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:19.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-installations-ktx:16.3.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot:20.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-ktx:20.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:20.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:22.0.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.8`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.8`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply:18.0.8`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate-model:20.0.9`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate:22.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:22.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-automl:18.0.6`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-barcode-model:16.1.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:20.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:20.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-object-detection-model:19.0.6`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:24.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf-ktx:19.0.9`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:19.0.9`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:19.2.0`
### Cloud Firestore version 21.7.0
* Added `Query.whereNotIn()` and `Query.whereNotEqualTo()` query operators.
* `Query.whereNotIn()` finds documents where a specified field's value is not in a specified array.
* `Query.whereNotEqualTo()` finds documents where a specified field's value does not equal the specified value.
Neither query operator finds documents where the specified field isn't
present.
* Fixed an issue that caused poor performance for queries that filtered results using nested array values.
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 21.7.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Messaging version 20.3.0
* Added `getToken` and `deleteToken` methods directly to `FirebaseMessaging`.
* Internal changes to the Google Play services interface to improve future development velocity.
#### Cloud Messaging Kotlin extensions version 20.3.0
* The Cloud Messaging Android library with Kotlin extensions is now available. The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the base `firebase-messaging` library. To learn more, visit the Cloud Messaging KTX documentation.
### Cloud Messaging Direct Boot version 20.3.0
* Internal changes to the Google Play services interface to improve future development velocity.
### Crashlytics version 17.2.2
* Fixed crash that can occur when using a built-in resource as the app launcher icon. (Github Issue #1935)
* Fixed a bug preventing crash reports from being sent in some cases when an app is using Crashlytics on multiple processes.
#### Crashlytics Kotlin extensions version 17.2.2
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
crashlytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics NDK version 17.2.2
* Updated `firebase-crashlytics` dependency to v17.2.2.
### Firebase installations
The Firebase installations library has not changed since its last release
(v16.3.3). This entry is to accommodate the release of the Firebase
installations KTX library.
#### Firebase installations Kotlin extensions version 16.3.3
* The Firebase installations Android library with Kotlin extensions is now available. The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the base `firebase-installations` library. To learn more, visit the Firebase installations KTX documentation.
### Firebase Instance ID version 20.3.0
* Internal changes to the Google Play services interface to improve future development velocity.
### Performance Monitoring version 19.0.9
* Created lazy dependency on Firebase Remote Config to avoid main thread contention issue. (GitHub Issue #1810)
* Updated the protocol buffer dependency to the `protobuf-javalite` artifact to allow for backward compatibility.
* Removed Guava dependency from the SDK to avoid symbol collision with any other SDKs.
* Removed proguarding for SDK; logcat messages will show original class paths for debugging.
* Improved build configurations and dependencies to reduce SDK size.
#### Performance Monitoring Kotlin extensions version 19.0.9
* The Firebase Performance Monitoring Android library with Kotlin extensions is now available. The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the base `firebase-performance` library. To learn more, visit the Performance Monitoring KTX documentation.
### Realtime Database version 19.5.0
* The SDK can now infer a default database URL even if it is omitted in the project's configuration.
#### Realtime Database Kotlin extensions version 19.5.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
database` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### google-services plugin 4.3.4
* Updated `strict-version-matcher` dependency to v1.2.2.
### strict-version-matching plugin 1.2.2
* Fixed an issue that could cause dependencies to be stored multiple times.
## Update - September 11, 2020
### Authentication version 19.4.0
* Added multi-tenancy support for Google Cloud Identity Platform developers.
#### Authentication Kotlin extensions version 19.4.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
auth` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### App Distribution fastlane plugin version 0.2.0
* The App Distribution fastlane plugin no longer relies on the Firebase CLI to authenticate users and requests. For more information, visit Distribute an app with fastlane.
### Crashlytics Gradle plugin version 2.3.0
* Improved memory usage to address OutOfMemoryErrors when generating native symbol files.
### Firebase Android BoM version 25.10.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite:19.4.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:19.4.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx:17.5.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.5.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx:19.4.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:19.4.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.5.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-buildtools:2.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-gradle:2.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx:17.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk:17.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics:17.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx:19.4.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:19.4.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx:21.6.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:21.6.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx:19.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:19.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx:19.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:19.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot:20.2.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:20.2.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:22.0.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.8`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.8`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply:18.0.8`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate-model:20.0.9`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate:22.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:22.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-automl:18.0.6`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-barcode-model:16.1.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:20.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:20.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-object-detection-model:19.0.6`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:24.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:19.0.8`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:19.2.0`
## Update - August 27, 2020
### Cloud Firestore version 21.6.0
* Removed a delay that may have prevented Cloud Firestore from immediately reestablishing a network connection if a connectivity change occurred while the app was in the background.
* Fixed an issue that may have prevented the client from connecting to the backend immediately after a user signed in.
* Added support for connecting to the Firebase Emulator Suite via a new method, `FirebaseFirestore#useEmulator()`.
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 21.6.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK version 19.1.0
* Added support for connecting to the Firebase Emulator Suite via a new method, `FirebaseFunctions#UseEmulator()`.
* Deprecated the `useFunctionsEmulator(String)` method.
#### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK Kotlin extensions version 19.1.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
functions` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Storage for Firebase version 19.2.0
* Updated to support improvements in the KTX library (see below).
#### Cloud Storage for Firebase Kotlin extensions version 19.2.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
storage` library and has the following additional updates:
* Added API support for destructuring of `TaskSnapshot` and `ListResult`.
### Crashlytics Gradle plugin version 2.2.1
* Fixed an issue causing "Could not set unknown property 'obfuscatorVersion' for extension 'firebaseCrashlytics'" error when building with DexGuard.
### In-App Messaging version 19.1.1
* Improved link handling on devices without any browser installed or without Chrome installed.
* Added the ability to register a dismiss listener that reacts to message dismissal.
#### In-App Messaging Kotlin extensions version 19.1.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
inappmessaging` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional
updates.
### In-App Messaging Display version 19.1.1
* Improved link handling on devices without any browser installed or without Chrome installed.
* Added the ability to register a dismiss listener that reacts to message dismissal.
#### In-App Messaging Display Kotlin extensions version 19.1.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
inappmessaging-display` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no
additional updates.
### Realtime Database version 19.4.0
* Added support for connecting to the Firebase Emulator Suite via a new method, `FirebaseDatabase#useEmulator()`.
#### Realtime Database Kotlin extensions version 19.4.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
database` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Firebase Android BoM version 25.9.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite:19.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:19.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx:17.5.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.5.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx:19.3.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:19.3.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.5.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-buildtools:2.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-gradle:2.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx:17.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk:17.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics:17.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx:19.4.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:19.4.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx:21.6.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:21.6.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx:19.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:19.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx:19.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:19.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot:20.2.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:20.2.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:22.0.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.8`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.8`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply:18.0.8`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate-model:20.0.9`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate:22.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:22.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-automl:18.0.6`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-barcode-model:16.1.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:20.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:20.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-object-detection-model:19.0.6`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:24.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:19.0.8`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:19.2.0`
## Update - August 14, 2020
### Analytics version 17.5.0
* Added `setDefaultEventParameters` API to support setting parameters that are logged on all events.
* Added support for disabling automatic screen views by setting `google_analytics_automatic_screen_reporting_enabled` to false in `AndroidManifest.xml`.
* The `setCurrentScreen` API is now deprecated and will be removed in a future release.
* Added support for manually logging screen views with the `logEvent` API. This replaces the deprecated `setCurrentScreen` API.
#### Analytics Kotlin extensions version 17.5.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
analytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### App Distribution Gradle plugin version 2.0.1
* Updated the OAuth client dependency to the newest `google-oauth-client` artifact.
### Crashlytics version 17.2.1
* Improved handling of asynchronous tasks that need to wait for completion on the main thread. (Github PR #1739)
* Added an overload to the `setCrashlyticsCollectionEnabled` API to allow for passing `null` to clear any previously set value. (Github PR #1434)
* Migrated to use the Firebase installations service directly instead of using an indirect dependency via the Firebase Instance ID SDK. (Github PR #1760)
When using this library, if you are explicitly calling Instance ID APIs and
relying on an indirect dependency for the Instance ID SDK, you can do either
of the following:
* Update your application to add a direct dependency on the Instance ID SDK.
* Use the new Firebase installations SDK to access client identifiers, which include Firebase installation IDs or installation auth tokens.
#### Crashlytics Kotlin extensions version 17.2.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
crashlytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics NDK version 17.2.1
* Fixed signal handler to properly release storage on app exit. (Github Issue #1749)
* Updated `firebase-crashlytics` dependency to v17.2.1.
### ML Kit for Firebase Common version 22.1.2
* Migrated to use the Firebase installations service directly instead of using an indirect dependency via the Firebase Instance ID SDK.
When using this library, if you are explicitly calling Instance ID APIs and
relying on an indirect dependency for the Instance ID SDK, you can do either
of the following:
* Update your application to add a direct dependency on the Instance ID SDK.
* Use the new Firebase installations SDK to access client identifiers, which include Firebase installation IDs or installation auth tokens.
### ML Kit for Firebase Model Interpreter version 22.0.4
* Deprecated the custom model interpreter API in favor of TensorFlow Lite. For more information, refer to the custom model implementation instructions.
### ML Kit for Firebase Natural Language version 22.0.1
* The new standalone ML Kit SDK replaces this SDK. For more information, refer to the migration guide.
### ML Kit for Firebase Language Identification Model version 20.0.8
* The new standalone ML Kit SDK replaces this SDK. For more information, refer to the migration guide.
### ML Kit for Firebase Smart Reply Model version 20.0.8
* The new standalone ML Kit SDK replaces this SDK. For more information, refer to the migration guide.
### ML Kit for Firebase Translate Model version 20.0.9
* The new standalone ML Kit SDK replaces this SDK. For more information, refer to the migration guide.
### ML Kit for Firebase Vision version 24.1.0
The ML Kit library versions in this release have known issues with
incompatible dependency versioning. Until a fix is released soon, follow the
instructions for some self-serve fixes below.
* The new standalone ML Kit SDK replaces this SDK. For more information, refer to the migration guide.
### ML Kit for Firebase Vision AutoML version 18.0.6
* The new standalone ML Kit SDK replaces this SDK. For more information, refer to the migration guide.
### ML Kit for Firebase Barcode Model version 16.1.2
* The new standalone ML Kit SDK replaces this SDK. For more information, refer to the migration guide.
### ML Kit for Firebase Object Detection and Tracking Model version 19.0.6
* The new standalone ML Kit SDK replaces this SDK. For more information, refer to the migration guide.
### Firebase Android BoM version 25.8.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite:19.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:19.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx:17.5.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.5.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx:19.3.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:19.3.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.5.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-buildtools:2.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-gradle:2.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx:17.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk:17.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics:17.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx:19.3.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:19.3.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx:21.5.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:21.5.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot:20.2.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:20.2.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:22.0.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.8`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.8`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply:18.0.8`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate-model:20.0.9`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate:22.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:22.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-automl:18.0.6`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-barcode-model:16.1.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:20.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:20.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-object-detection-model:19.0.6`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:24.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:19.0.8`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx:19.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:19.1.1`
The ML Kit library versions in this release have known issues with
incompatible dependency versioning.
You may see these issues as the following:
* `java.lang.RuntimeException: Duplicate class com.google.android.gms.internal.vision` exceptions
* `Google Play services library dependency depends on another at an exact version` error (thrown by the `google-services` plugin)
We'll have these issues fixed in the near future. Until then, here are a few
self-serve fixes that involve including an additional library into your build
based on the ML library that you're using. If you're using more than one of
these faulty libraries, make sure to include each corresponding fix.
View the fix for `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:24.1.0`
If you're using `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:24.1.0`, also include:
implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-vision:20.1.1'
implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-vision-common:19.1.1'
View the fix for `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-
model:20.0.2`
If you're using `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-
model:20.0.2`, also include:
implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:20.0.2'
View the fix for `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:20.0.2`
If you're using `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:20.0.2`,
also include:
implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-vision-face-contour-internal:16.0.2'
## Update - July 30, 2020
### Firebase installations version 16.3.3
* Fixed a `NullPointerException` that occurred when Firebase services tried to register a Firebase installation ID (FID) with the Firebase installations server. (GitHub Issue #1787)
### Firebase Instance ID version 20.2.4
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases. For more information, refer to the Firebase Installations v16.3.3 release notes.
### Cloud Messaging version 20.2.4
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases. For more information, refer to the Firebase Installations v16.3.3 release notes.
### Cloud Messaging Direct Boot version 20.2.4
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases. For more information, refer to the Firebase Installations v16.3.3 release notes.
### Firebase Android BoM version 25.7.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite:19.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:19.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx:17.4.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.4.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx:19.3.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:19.3.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.4.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-buildtools:2.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-gradle:2.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx:17.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk:17.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics:17.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx:19.3.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:19.3.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx:21.5.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:21.5.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot:20.2.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:20.2.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:22.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply:18.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate-model:20.0.8`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate:22.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-automl:18.0.5`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-barcode-model:16.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:20.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:20.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-object-detection-model:19.0.5`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:24.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:19.0.8`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx:19.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:19.1.1`
## Update - July 17, 2020
### Performance Monitoring version 19.0.8
* Updated the logging message for performance events.
* Silenced Firebase Remote Config logging triggered by Firebase Performance Monitoring. (GitHub Issue #403)
* Removed unnecessary logging. Performance Monitoring now only logs debug information if the `firebase_performance_logcat_enabled` setting is `true` in `AndroidManifest.xml`. Visit the documentation for details about explicitly enabling debug logging.
* Migrated to use the Firebase installations service directly instead of using an indirect dependency via the Firebase Instance ID SDK.
When using this library, if you are explicitly calling Instance ID APIs and
relying on an indirect dependency for the Instance ID SDK, you can do either
of the following:
* Update your application to add a direct dependency on the Instance ID SDK.
* Use the new Firebase installations SDK to access client identifiers, which include Firebase installation IDs or installation auth tokens.
### Firebase Android BoM version 25.6.1
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx:17.4.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.4.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx:19.3.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:19.3.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.4.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-buildtools:2.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-gradle:2.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx:17.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk:17.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics:17.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx:19.3.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:19.3.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx:21.5.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:21.5.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot:20.2.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:20.2.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:22.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply:18.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate-model:20.0.8`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate:22.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-automl:18.0.5`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-barcode-model:16.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:20.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:20.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-object-detection-model:19.0.5`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:24.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:19.0.8`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx:19.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:19.1.1`
## Update - July 08, 2020
### Cloud Messaging version 20.2.3
* Fixed an issue that caused an app to crash when a user tapped on a received notification.
### Cloud Messaging Direct Boot version 20.2.3
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases. For more details, see the `firebase-messaging` v20.2.3 release note.
### Firebase Instance ID version 20.2.3
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases. For more details, see the `firebase-messaging` v20.2.3 release note.
### Firebase Android BoM version 25.6.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx:17.4.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.4.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx:19.3.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:19.3.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.4.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-buildtools:2.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-gradle:2.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx:17.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk:17.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics:17.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx:19.3.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:19.3.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx:21.5.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:21.5.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot:20.2.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:20.2.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:22.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply:18.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate-model:20.0.8`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate:22.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-automl:18.0.5`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-barcode-model:16.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:20.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:20.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-object-detection-model:19.0.5`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:24.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:19.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx:19.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:19.1.1`
## Update - July 06, 2020
### Analytics version 17.4.4
* Migrated to use the Firebase installations service directly instead of using an indirect dependency via the Firebase Instance ID SDK.
When using this library, if you are explicitly calling Instance ID APIs and
relying on an indirect dependency for the Instance ID SDK, you can do either
of the following:
* Update your application to add a direct dependency on the Instance ID SDK.
* Use the new Firebase installations SDK to access client identifiers, which include Firebase installation IDs or installation auth tokens.
#### Analytics Kotlin extensions version 17.4.3
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
analytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Authentication version 19.3.2
* Fixed an infinite loop that occurs at startup in certain Generic IDP operations.
#### Authentication Kotlin extensions version 19.3.2
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
auth` library. The Kotlin extensions library has the following additional
updates:
* Internal improvements and bug fixes for internal processes.
### Cloud Firestore version 21.5.0
* Updated the protocol buffer dependency to the newer `protobuf-javalite` artifact. The new artifact is incompatible with the old one, so this library needed to be upgraded to avoid conflicts. No developer action is necessary.
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 21.5.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Messaging version 20.2.2
Warning: This version of `firebase-messaging` (v20.2.2) should not be used. It
has a known issue that causes an app to crash when a user taps on a received
notification. A fix for this issue was released on July 08, 2020 (see
v20.2.3).
* Internal improvements.
### Cloud Messaging Direct Boot version 20.2.2
Warning: This version of `firebase-messaging-directboot` (v20.2.2) should not
be used. A related library has a known issue (for more details, see `firebase-
messaging` v20.2.2). A fix for this issue was released on July 08, 2020 (see
v20.2.3).
* Internal improvements.
### Crashlytics version 17.1.1
* To improve the reliability of submitting crash uploads on poor networks, changed the Transport SDK to retry connection errors (Github Issue #1705) and increased the number of retries before deleting events (Github Issue #1708).
#### Crashlytics Kotlin extensions version 17.1.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
crashlytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics NDK version 17.1.1
* Updated `firebase-crashlytics` dependency to v17.1.1.
### In-App Messaging version 19.1.0
* Updated the protocol buffer dependency to the newer `protobuf-javalite` artifact. The new artifact is incompatible with the old one, so this library needed to be upgraded to avoid conflicts. No developer action is necessary.
#### In-App Messaging Kotlin extensions version 19.1.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
inappmessaging` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional
updates.
### In-App Messaging Display version 19.1.0
* Updated the protocol buffer dependency to the newer `protobuf-javalite` artifact. The new artifact is incompatible with the old one, so this library needed to be upgraded to avoid conflicts. No developer action is necessary.
#### In-App Messaging Display Kotlin extensions version 19.1.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
inappmessaging-display` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no
additional updates.
### Firebase Instance ID version 20.2.2
Warning: This version of `firebase-iid` (v20.2.2) should not be used. A
related library has a known issue (for more details, see `firebase-messaging`
v20.2.2). A fix for this issue was released on July 08, 2020 (see v20.2.3).
* Internal improvements.
### Remote Config version 19.2.0
* Migrated to use the Firebase installations service directly instead of using an indirect dependency via the Firebase Instance ID SDK.
When using this library, if you are explicitly calling Instance ID APIs and
relying on an indirect dependency for the Instance ID SDK, you can do either
of the following:
* Update your application to add a direct dependency on the Instance ID SDK.
* Use the new Firebase installations SDK to access client identifiers, which include Firebase installation IDs or installation auth tokens.
* Updated the protocol buffer dependency to the newer `protobuf-javalite` artifact. The new artifact is incompatible with the old one, so this library needed to be upgraded to avoid conflicts. No developer action is necessary.
#### Remote Config Kotlin extensions version 19.2.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
config` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
## Update - June 18, 2020
### Cloud Messaging version 20.2.1
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases. For more information, refer to the Firebase Instance ID v20.2.1 release notes.
### Cloud Messaging Direct Boot version 20.2.1
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases. For more information, refer to the Firebase Instance ID v20.2.1 release notes.
### Crashlytics version 17.1.0
* Updated Crashlytics integration with Google Analytics to include native crashes in crash-free users counts.
* Removed a harmless, yet unexpected `FileNotFoundException` log output that printed when an optional file is unavailable. (Github Issue #1559)
#### Crashlytics Kotlin extensions version 17.1.0
* The Firebase Crashlytics Android library with Kotlin extensions is now available. The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the base `firebase-crashlytics` library. To learn more, visit the Crashlytics KTX documentation.
### Crashlytics NDK version 17.1.0
* Updated `firebase-crashlytics` dependency to v17.1.0.
### Crashlytics Gradle plugin version 2.2.0
This update to `firebase-crashlytics-gradle` includes several changes to
Crashlytics task configuration and dependency declarations, which improves
incremental build performance and fixes several known issues.
* Improved Task Configuration Avoidance for NDK symbol generation and upload tasks.
* Improved support for native symbol uploads for NDK libraries that are not built using the standard Android NDK toolchain. For more information, refer to Upload symbols for external dependencies.
* Fixed a crash that could occur when running the Crashlytics native symbol upload task on a clean build. This was due to a task dependency configuration bug, which also could result in incorrect symbols being generated for some builds.
* Fixed a bug that prevented the use of absolute paths in the `firebaseCrashlytics.strippedNativeLibsDir` and `firebaseCrashlytics.unstrippedNativeLibsDir` extension properties. Absolute paths are now resolved correctly; relative paths are resolved relative to the build file directory. (GitHub Issue #1199)
* Fixed `MissingPropertyException` thrown during Crashlytics native symbol generation tasks, when using Android Gradle plugin 4.1.alpha08+.
* The Crashlytics plugin now throws a `GradleException` if Crashlytics cannot resolve the app ID generated by the Google Play services plugin, rather than failing silently when attempting to upload mapping and symbol files. The exception message includes information on possible solutions.
* Fixed the `UP-TO-DATE` check for the mapping file ID injection task. The task will now be correctly marked `UP-TO-DATE` if the mapping file ID is not modified.
* Dropped support for Gradle v4.x and earlier. Customers still using Android Gradle plugin v3.3.2 should update to Gradle 5.0.
### Firebase Instance ID version 20.2.1
* Removed calls to `getResourceAsStream` because it was causing a performance bottleneck. (GitHub Issue #1601)
### Realtime Database version 19.3.1
* Added internal HTTP header to the WebChannel connection.
#### Realtime Database Kotlin extensions version 19.3.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
database` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Firebase Android BoM version 25.5.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx:17.4.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.4.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx:19.3.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:19.3.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx:19.1.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:19.1.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.4.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-buildtools:2.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-gradle:2.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ktx:17.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk:17.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics:17.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx:19.3.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:19.3.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx:21.4.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:21.4.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx:19.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:19.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx:19.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:19.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot:20.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:20.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:22.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply:18.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate-model:20.0.8`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate:22.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-automl:18.0.5`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-barcode-model:16.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:20.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:20.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-object-detection-model:19.0.5`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:24.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:19.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx:19.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:19.1.1`
## Update - June 04, 2020
### Analytics version 17.4.3
* This version supports using the Firebase SDK for Google Analytics in conjunction with the enhanced limits available in Google Analytics 360.
#### Analytics Kotlin extensions version 17.4.3
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
analytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### App Distribution Gradle plugin version 2.0.0
* The Gradle plugin no longer ships with bundled dependencies; instead, it uses transitive Maven dependencies. As a result, the OSS redistribution declaration in the Maven repo no longer applies and has been removed.
* Updated the upload URL for faster and more reliable uploads.
### Crashlytics version 17.0.1
* Fixed an issue causing a `SQLiteException` when changing versions of Crashlytics. (Github Issue #1531)
* Improved reliability of sending reports at crash time on Android API level 28+.
### Crashlytics NDK version 17.0.1
* Updated `firebase-crashlytics` dependency to v17.0.1.
### Firebase installations version 16.3.2
* Fixed a possible `IllegalArgumentException` that occurred intermittently when Firebase services tried to refresh the auth tokens. (GitHub Issue #1540)
### Firebase Android BoM version 25.4.1
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx:17.4.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.4.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx:19.3.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:19.3.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx:19.1.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:19.1.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.4.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-buildtools:2.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-gradle:2.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk:17.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics:17.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx:19.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:19.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx:21.4.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:21.4.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx:19.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:19.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx:19.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:19.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot:20.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:20.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:22.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply:18.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate-model:20.0.8`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate:22.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-automl:18.0.5`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-barcode-model:16.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:20.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:20.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-object-detection-model:19.0.5`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:24.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:19.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx:19.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:19.1.1`
## Update - May 21, 2020
### Analytics version 17.4.2
* Un-deprecated `Event#VIEW_SEARCH_RESULTS`.
#### Analytics Kotlin extensions version 17.4.2
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
analytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Crashlytics Gradle plugin version 2.1.1
* Fixed a `NullPointerException` thrown when running Crashlytics native symbol upload tasks on native binaries compiled with unrecognized vendor-specific extensions. (GitHub Issue #1357)
### Cloud Messaging version 20.2.0
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases (for more information, refer to the Cloud Messaging Direct Boot v20.2.0 release notes).
### Cloud Messaging Direct Boot version 20.2.0
* The Firebase Cloud Messaging Direct Boot SDK is now available and supports receiving FCM messages in Direct Boot mode. See Receive FCM messages in direct boot mode for more information.
### In-App Messaging version 19.0.7
* Improved handling of activity transitions. (GitHub Issue #1410 and Issue #1092)
* Migrated to use the Firebase installations service directly instead of using an indirect dependency via the Firebase Instance ID SDK.
When using this library, if you are explicitly calling Instance ID APIs and
relying on an indirect dependency for the Instance ID SDK, you can do either
of the following:
* Update your application to add a direct dependency on the Instance ID SDK.
* Use the new Firebase installations SDK to access client identifiers, which include Firebase installation IDs or installation auth tokens.
#### In-App Messaging Kotlin extensions version 19.0.7
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
inappmessaging` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional
updates.
### In-App Messaging Display version 19.0.7
* Improved handling of activity transitions. (GitHub Issue #1410 and Issue #1092)
* Migrated to use the Firebase installations service directly instead of using an indirect dependency via the Firebase Instance ID SDK.
When using this library, if you are explicitly calling Instance ID APIs and
relying on an indirect dependency for the Instance ID SDK, you can do either
of the following:
* Update your application to add a direct dependency on the Instance ID SDK.
* Use the new Firebase installations SDK to access client identifiers, which include Firebase installation IDs or installation auth tokens.
#### In-App Messaging Display Kotlin extensions version 19.0.7
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
inappmessaging-display` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no
additional updates.
### Firebase installations version 16.3.1
* In error logging for the Firebase installations service, added details for the Firebase options such as API key, Firebase project ID, and application ID passed in FIS API calls.
* Fixed a possible `OverlappingFileLockException` and `IOException due to Bad file descriptor` when multiple Firebase services required a Firebase installation ID (FID) in parallel. The issue occurs primarily on Android 7 and 8 devices. (GitHub Issue #1519)
### Firebase Instance ID version 20.2.0
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases (for more information, refer to the Cloud Messaging Direct Boot v20.2.0 release notes).
### Firebase Android BoM version 25.4.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx:17.4.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.4.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx:19.3.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:19.3.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx:19.1.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:19.1.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.4.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-buildtools:2.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-gradle:2.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx:19.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:19.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx:21.4.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:21.4.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx:19.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:19.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx:19.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:19.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging-directboot:20.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:20.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:22.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply:18.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate-model:20.0.8`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate:22.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-automl:18.0.5`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-barcode-model:16.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:20.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:20.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-object-detection-model:19.0.5`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:24.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:19.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx:19.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:19.1.1`
## Update - May 07, 2020
### Analytics version 17.4.1
* Un-deprecated `Event#SELECT_CONTENT`.
#### Analytics Kotlin extensions version 17.4.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
analytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### App Distribution Gradle plugin version 1.4.1
* Running `appDistributionUpload{Variant}` no longer automatically rebuilds the app.
* Fixed an issue where authenticating via the environment variable `GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS` would cache old credentials, resulting in 403 errors.
### Cloud Messaging version 20.1.7
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases (for more information, refer to the Firebase Instance ID v20.1.7 release notes).
### Crashlytics Gradle plugin version 2.1.0
* Fixed a `NullPointerException` thrown when running Crashlytics native symbol upload tasks on some native binaries. (GitHub Issue #1396)
* The Crashlytics build tools and Gradle plugin no longer ship with bundled dependencies; instead, they use transitive Maven dependencies. As a result, the OSS redistribution declaration in the Maven repo no longer applies and has been removed.
### Firebase installations version 16.3.0
* Improved the detection of invalid `FirebaseOptions` values. During initialization of Firebase, your application must provide valid values for the following Firebase options: `API key`, `Firebase project ID`, and `application ID`. If any required value is missing or if a provided value is invalid, `FirebaseInstallations` throws an `IllegalArgumentException`. For more details, visit Troubleshoot initialization options.
### Firebase Instance ID version 20.1.7
* Further improved the detection of invalid `FirebaseOptions` values. During initialization of Firebase, your application must provide valid values for the following Firebase options: `API key`, `Firebase project ID`, and `application ID`. If any required value is missing or if a provided value is invalid, `FirebaseInstanceId` throws an `IllegalArgumentException`. For more details, visit Troubleshoot initialization options.
### Firebase Android BoM version 25.3.1
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx:17.4.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.4.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx:19.3.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:19.3.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx:19.1.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:19.1.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.4.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-buildtools:2.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-gradle:2.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx:19.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:19.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx:21.4.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:21.4.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx:19.0.6`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:19.0.6`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx:19.0.6`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:19.0.6`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:20.1.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:22.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply:18.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate-model:20.0.8`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate:22.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-automl:18.0.5`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-barcode-model:16.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:20.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:20.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-object-detection-model:19.0.5`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:24.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:19.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx:19.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:19.1.1`
## Update - April 23, 2020
The following Firebase Android SDKs now transitively depend on the Firebase
installations SDK, which is a step towards a direct dependency on this SDK in
a future release. Learn about possible impacts in the February 27, 2020
release notes.
* Analytics
* ML Kit for Firebase
* Performance Monitoring
* Remote Config
The following Firebase Android SDKs already had a transitive dependency on the
Firebase installations SDK since February 27, 2020:
Firebase Instance ID and Firebase Cloud Messaging
### Analytics version 17.4.0
* Deprecated Install Referrer Broadcast Receiver.
* Fixed first open attribution when Analytics is disabled by default.
* Fixed engagement measurement when a worker thread is delayed.
* Resolved an issue that prevented Firebase Dynamic Links to log `app_open`.
* Updated dependency on the Firebase Instance ID library to v20.1.5, which is a step towards a direct dependency on the Firebase installations service in a future release.
#### Analytics Kotlin extensions version 17.4.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
analytics` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Authentication version 19.3.1
* Updated to accommodate the release of the Firebase Authentication Kotlin extensions library.
#### Authentication Kotlin extensions version 19.3.1
* The Firebase Authentication Android library with Kotlin extensions is now available. The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the base `firebase-auth` library. To learn more, visit the Authentication KTX documentation.
### Crashlytics Gradle plugin version 2.0.0
* The Firebase Crashlytics Gradle plugin is now generally available.
### Crashlytics version 17.0.0
* The Firebase Crashlytics SDK is now generally available.
* Fixed an issue that could cause apps to crash if a crash report payload is too large (rare).
* Updated dependency on the Firebase Instance ID library to v20.1.5, which is a step towards a direct dependency on the Firebase installations service in a future release.
### Crashlytics NDK version 17.0.0
* The Firebase Crashlytics SDK for NDK is now generally available.
* Updated `firebase-crashlytics` dependency to v17.0.0.
### Cloud Firestore version 21.4.3
* Cloud Firestore now limits the number of concurrent document lookups it will perform when resolving inconsistencies in the local cache.
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 21.4.3
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Messaging version 20.1.6
* Fixed a bug in topic syncing that was causing increased usage of shared system resources when waiting for a working network connection.
### In-App Messaging version 19.0.6
* Fixed issue causing apps to become unresponsive in limited network conditions. GitHub Issue #1430
#### In-App Messaging Kotlin extensions version 19.0.6
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
inappmessaging` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional
updates.
### In-App Messaging Display version 19.0.6
* Fixed issue causing apps to become unresponsive in limited network conditions. GitHub Issue #1430
#### In-App Messaging Display Kotlin extensions version 19.0.6
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
inappmessaging-display` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no
additional updates.
### Firebase installations version 16.2.2
* Added descriptive error logs with the response code and error message received when communicating with the Firebase installations service.
### Firebase Instance ID version 20.1.6
* Improved detection of invalid `FirebaseOptions` values. During initialization of Firebase, your application must provide valid values for the following Firebase options: `API key`, `Firebase project ID`, and `application ID`. If any required value is missing, FirebaseInstanceId will throw an `IllegalArgumentException`.
### ML Kit for Firebase Common version 22.1.1
* Updated dependency on the Firebase Instance ID library to v20.1.5, which is a step towards a direct dependency on the Firebase installations service in a future release.
### ML Kit for Firebase Model Interpreter version 22.0.3
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### ML Kit for Firebase Vision version 24.0.3
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### ML Kit for Firebase Vision AutoML version 18.0.5
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### ML Kit for Firebase Barcode Model version 16.1.1
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### ML Kit for Firebase Object Detection and Tracking Model version 19.0.5
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### Performance Monitoring version 19.0.7
* Updated dependency on the Firebase Instance ID library to v20.1.5, which is a step towards a direct dependency on the Firebase installations service in a future release.
This update to `firebase-iid` v20.1.5 fixed the following GitHub issues:
#1454, #1397, and #1339.
### Realtime Database version 19.3.0
* Added `ServerValue.increment()` to support atomic field value increments without transactions.
#### Realtime Database Kotlin extensions version 19.3.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
database` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Remote Config version 19.1.4
* Updated dependency on the Firebase Instance ID library to v20.1.5, which is a step towards a direct dependency on the Firebase installations service in a future release.
#### Remote Config Kotlin extensions version 19.1.4
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
config` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Firebase Android BoM version 25.3.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx:17.4.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.4.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth-ktx:19.3.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:19.3.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx:19.1.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:19.1.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.4.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-buildtools:2.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-gradle:2.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx:19.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:19.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx:21.4.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:21.4.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx:19.0.6`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:19.0.6`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx:19.0.6`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:19.0.6`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:20.1.6`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:22.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply:18.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate-model:20.0.8`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate:22.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-automl:18.0.5`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-barcode-model:16.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:20.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:20.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-object-detection-model:19.0.5`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:24.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:19.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx:19.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:19.1.1`
## Update - April 09, 2020
### App Distribution Gradle plugin version 1.4.0
* Updated Android Gradle Plugin API usage to fix APK locating bug that happens when using Android Gradle Plugin v4.0.x.
### Crashlytics Gradle plugin version 2.0.0-beta04
* Fixed an issue involving the v4.1 alpha release of the Android Gradle Plugin. This fix resolves the build error that contains the following exception:
groovy.lang.MissingPropertyException:
No such property: scope for class:
com.android.build.gradle.internal.variant.ApplicationVariantData
Note: The Firebase Crashlytics `mappingFile` parameter is incompatible with
the Android Gradle Plugin v4.1+ and will be removed in future versions of the
Firebase Crashlytics Gradle plugin.
* Improved the messaging for the error that occurs when applying the plugin to a library variant.
### Crashlytics version 17.0.0-beta04
* Imposed a limit on the maximum crash report payload size.
* Reduced crash report payload size.
### Crashlytics NDK version 17.0.0-beta04
* Updated `firebase-crashlytics` dependency to v17.0.0-beta-04.
### In-App Messaging version 19.0.5
* Fixed issue where campaigns with frequency limits were not properly displaying multiple times.
#### In-App Messaging Kotlin extensions version 19.0.5
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
inappmessaging` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional
updates.
### In-App Messaging Display version 19.0.5
* Fixed issue where campaigns with frequency limits were not properly displaying multiple times.
#### In-App Messaging Display Kotlin extensions version 19.0.5
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
inappmessaging-display` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no
additional updates.
### ML Kit for Firebase Common version 22.1.0
* Added `FirebaseModelManager.getLatestModelFile` which enables access to the latest downloaded custom model file.
### ML Kit for Firebase Model Interpreter version 22.0.2
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### ML Kit for Firebase Translate Model version 20.0.8
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### ML Kit for Firebase Vision version 24.0.2
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### ML Kit for Firebase Vision AutoML version 18.0.4
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### ML Kit for Firebase Barcode Model version 16.1.0
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### ML Kit for Firebase Object Detection and Tracking Model version 19.0.4
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### Performance Monitoring version 19.0.6
* Fixed an NPE crash when calling `trace.stop()`. (GitHub Issue #1383)
### Firebase Android BoM version 25.2.2
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx:17.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:19.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx:19.1.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:19.1.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-buildtools:2.0.0-beta04`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-gradle:2.0.0-beta04`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk:17.0.0-beta04`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics:17.0.0-beta04`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx:19.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:19.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx:21.4.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:21.4.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx:19.0.5`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:19.0.5`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx:19.0.5`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:19.0.5`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:20.1.5`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:22.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply:18.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate-model:20.0.8`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate:22.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-automl:18.0.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-barcode-model:16.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:20.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:20.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-object-detection-model:19.0.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:24.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:19.0.6`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx:19.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:19.1.1`
## Update - April 03, 2020
### Cloud Messaging version 20.1.5
Warning: In some cases, `firebase-messaging` v20.1.4 and v20.1.5 are
erroneously consuming system resources which can negatively impact the
performance of a user's device. To avoid this effect, update your app's
version of `firebase-messaging` to v20.1.6 or later.
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases.
### Firebase Installations version 16.1.0
* Fixed `NoSuchMethodError:IncompatibleIidVersionDetector` lint check that failed for builds using AGP 3.6+. (Issue #1407)
### Firebase Instance ID version 20.1.5
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases.
### Firebase Android BoM version 25.2.1
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx:17.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:19.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx:19.1.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:19.1.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-buildtools:2.0.0-beta03`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-gradle:2.0.0-beta03`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk:17.0.0-beta03`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics:17.0.0-beta03`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx:19.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:19.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx:21.4.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:21.4.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx:19.0.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:19.0.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx:19.0.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:19.0.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:20.1.5`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:22.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply:18.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-automl:18.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-barcode-model:16.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-object-detection-model:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:24.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:19.0.5`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx:19.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:19.1.1`
## Update - March 30, 2020
### Analytics version 17.3.0
* Added support for Ecommerce
* The following ecommerce events are added to `FirebaseAnalytics.Event`:
`Event#ADD_SHIPPING_INFO`, `Event#PURCHASE`, `Event#REFUND`,
`Event#SELECT_ITEM`, `Event#SELECT_PROMOTION`, `Event#VIEW_CART`, and
`Event#VIEW_PROMOTION`
* The following ecommerce parameters are added to `FirebaseAnalytics.Param`:
`Param#ITEMS`, `Param#DISCOUNT`, `Param#ITEM_CATEGORY2`,
`Param#ITEM_CATEGORY3`, `Param#ITEM_CATEGORY4`, `Param#ITEM_CATEGORY5`,
`Param#ITEM_LIST_ID`, `Param#ITEM_LIST_NAME`, `Param#LOCATION_ID`,
`Param#PAYMENT_TYPE`, `Param#PROMOTION_ID`, `Param#PROMOTION_NAME`, and
`Param#SHIPPING_TIER`
The API changes included with this release support Ecommerce functionality
that will be made available in Google Analytics in the coming weeks. Check
back here for updates.
The BigQuery export schema also changed with this release. If you rely on
product data, check the schema changes before updating your SDK to v17.3.0.
* The following Events are deprecated:
* `Event#ECOMMERCE_PURCHASE` is deprecated. Instead, use `Event#PURCHASE`.
* `Event#PURCHASE_REFUND` is deprecated. Instead, use `Event#REFUND`.
* `Event#PRESENT_OFFER` is deprecated. Instead, use `Event#VIEW_PROMOTION`.
* `Event#SELECT_CONTENT` is deprecated. Instead, use `Event#SELECT_ITEM`.
* The following events are deprecated with no replacement: `Event#SET_CHECKOUT_OPTION`, `Event#CHECKOUT_PROGRESS`, and `Event#VIEW_SEARCH_RESULTS`
* The following Parameters are deprecated:
* `Param#ITEM_LOCATION_ID` is deprecated. Instead, use `Param#LOCATION_ID`.
* `Param#ITEM_LIST` is deprecated. Instead, use `Param#ITEM_LIST_NAME`.
* The following parameters are deprecated with no replacement: `Param#CHECKOUT_STEP` and `Param#CHECKOUT_OPTION`
#### Analytics Kotlin extensions version 17.3.0
* The Analytics Android library with Kotlin extensions is now available. The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the base `firebase-analytics` library. To learn more, visit the Analytics KTX documentation.
### Cloud Firestore version 21.4.2
* Removed Guava dependency from the SDK. This change is the first step in eliminating crashes caused by apps that depend on the wrong flavor of Guava. (Issue #1125)
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 21.4.2
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Messaging version 20.1.4
Warning: In some cases, `firebase-messaging` v20.1.4 and v20.1.5 are
erroneously consuming system resources which can negatively impact the
performance of a user's device. To avoid this effect, update your app's
version of `firebase-messaging` to v20.1.6 or later.
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases.
### Crashlytics version 17.0.0-beta03
* Fixed internal bugs to improve crash analysis and grouping.
* Improved compatibility with Google Analytics. For best performance, make sure you're using the latest versions of the Firebase Crashlytics SDK and the Firebase SDK for Google Analytics.
* Updated remaining Crashlytics backend API calls to prepare for Fabric sunset.
### Crashlytics NDK version 17.0.0-beta03
* Updated package name in `AndroidManifest.xml` to reflect new Firebase Crashlytics NDK package name.
* Improved debug logging.
* Released new `crashlytics.h` with updated C++ APIs.
* Added ProGuard rules files to avoid obfuscating public APIs called from C++.
### Firebase Installations version 16.2.0
* Fixed a possible `IllegalStateException` when multiple Firebase services required a Firebase client identifier (FID) in parallel. The issue was not reproducible in local testing and affected a small number of users (that is, <1%). (Issue #1339)
* Added a lint check to the compile process that prevents parallel usage of Firebase installations and incompatible versions of the Firebase Instance ID SDK that are older than `firebase-iid:20.1.0`. Firebase installations creates FIDs as Firebase client identifiers. Versions of the Firebase Instance ID SDK before `v20.1.0` created different Firebase client identifiers: Instance IDs. This check prevents problems for Firebase targeting that might be caused by conflicting Firebase client identifiers.
### Firebase Instance ID version 20.1.3
* Tokens are now scoped to their respective `FirebaseApp` instance. Apps that instantiate multiple `FirebaseApp` instances will now see a different token for each app.
* `FirebaseApp` now requires a non-empty project ID set in the corresponding `FirebaseOptions`.
### Firebase Android BoM version 25.2.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics-ktx:17.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:19.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx:19.1.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:19.1.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-buildtools:2.0.0-beta03`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-gradle:2.0.0-beta03`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk:17.0.0-beta03`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics:17.0.0-beta03`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx:19.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:19.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx:21.4.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:21.4.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx:19.0.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:19.0.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx:19.0.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:19.0.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:20.1.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:22.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply:18.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-automl:18.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-barcode-model:16.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-object-detection-model:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:24.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:19.0.5`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx:19.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:19.1.1`
## Update - March 17, 2020
### Cloud Messaging version 20.1.3
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases.
### Crashlytics version 17.0.0-beta02
* Removed superfluous `D/FirebaseCrashlytics` prefix from logs. (#1202)
* Updated Crashlytics backend API calls in preparation for Fabric sunset.
* Upgraded Google Analytics integration to improve crash-free users accuracy. For improved performance, we recommend that you upgrade to the latest version of the Firebase SDK for Google Analytics with this version of Firebase Crashlytics.
### Crashlytics Gradle plugin version 2.0.0-beta03
* Updated the Gradle plugin to use new Crashlytics backend endpoints when uploading deobfuscation files and NDK symbol information.
### In-App Messaging version 19.0.4
* Fixed issue with messages not being fetched on app first open.
* Fixed issue with first foreground trigger not being picked up.
* Internal migration to use the Firebase installations service.
#### In-App Messaging Kotlin extensions version 19.0.4
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
inappmessaging` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional
updates.
### In-App Messaging Display version 19.0.4
* Fixed issue with messages not being fetched on app first open.
* Fixed issue with first foreground trigger not being picked up.
#### In-App Messaging Display Kotlin extensions version 19.0.4
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
inappmessaging-display` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no
additional updates.
### Firebase Installations version 16.1.0
* Internal changes for how the Firebase installations SDK migrates existing client identifers (Instance IDs) to the new Firebase identity provider (Firebase installations). No developer action is necessary.
### Firebase Instance ID version 20.1.2
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases.
### Remote Config version 19.1.3
* Fixed an issue where `FirebaseRemoteConfig.fetch()` would sometimes report a misformatted language tag.
#### Remote Config Kotlin extensions version 19.1.3
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
config` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Firebase Android BoM version 25.1.1
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.2.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:19.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx:19.1.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:19.1.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.2.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-buildtools:2.0.0-beta03`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-gradle:2.0.0-beta03`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk:17.0.0-beta01`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics:17.0.0-beta02`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx:19.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:19.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx:21.4.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:21.4.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx:19.0.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:19.0.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx:19.0.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:19.0.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:20.1.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:22.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply:18.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-automl:18.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-barcode-model:16.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-object-detection-model:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:24.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:19.0.5`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx:19.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:19.1.1`
## Update - March 12, 2020
### Authentication version 19.3.0
* Added support for Multi-Factor Authentication via phone SMS. To use this feature, you must use the Google Cloud Identity Platform.
* Added a new `ActionCodeUrl` class that can be used to parse parameters in action code URLs from out-of-band email flows.
* Added a new `ActionCodeInfo` class that stores information related to out-of-band flows.
* `ActionCodeResult#getData(int)` is deprecated. Instead, use `ActionCodeResult#getInfo()`.
### Firebase Android BoM version 25.1.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.2.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:19.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx:19.1.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:19.1.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.2.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-buildtools:2.0.0-beta02`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-gradle:2.0.0-beta02`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk:17.0.0-beta01`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics:17.0.0-beta01`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx:19.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:19.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx:21.4.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:21.4.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:20.1.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:22.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply:18.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-automl:18.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-barcode-model:16.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-object-detection-model:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:24.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:19.0.5`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx:19.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:19.1.1`
## Update - March 09, 2020
### General
* Kotlin extension (KTX) libraries for many Firebase Android SDKs are now out of beta! These KTX libraries enable you to access Firebase Android APIs using idiomatic Kotlin syntax. Learn more about these KTX libraries in the Android -- Kotlin reference documentation.
## Update - March 03, 2020
### Cloud Messaging version 20.1.2
As of v20.1.1, the Cloud Messaging SDK depends on the Firebase installations
SDK. Learn about possible impacts in the v20.1.1 release notes.
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases (for more information, refer to the bug fix in the Firebase Instance ID v20.1.1 release notes).
### Firebase Instance ID version 20.1.1
As of v20.1.0, the Firebase Instance ID SDK depends on the Firebase
installations SDK. Learn about possible impacts in the v20.1.0 release notes.
* Fixed a bug that was causing silent failures in apps that use the deprecated `FirebaseInstanceId#getToken()` method without providing the required values for `FirebaseOptions`: API key, Firebase project ID, and application ID. Now, if any required value is missing, it throws an `IllegalArgumentException`.
Note that we recommend using the
`FirebaseInstanceId.getInstanceId().getToken()` method instead of the
deprecated `FirebaseInstanceId.getInstance().getToken()` method.
### Firebase Android BoM version 25.0.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.2.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx:19.1.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:19.1.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.2.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-buildtools:2.0.0-beta02`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-gradle:2.0.0-beta02`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk:17.0.0-beta01`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics:17.0.0-beta01`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx:19.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:19.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx:21.4.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:21.4.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:20.1.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:22.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply:18.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-automl:18.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-barcode-model:16.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-object-detection-model:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:24.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:19.0.5`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx:19.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:19.1.1`
## Update - February 27, 2020
The Firebase Cloud Messaging and Firebase Instance ID SDKs now transitively
depend on the Firebase installations SDK. If you use Cloud Messaging and
update your dependencies to their latest versions, make sure that push
notifications still work as expected.
Be aware of the following when a Firebase library depends on the Firebase
installations SDK:
* Your app must provide valid values for the following: API key, Firebase project ID, and application ID.
* If you use programmatic initialization (that is, using a `FirebaseOptions` object to provide these values), you can download your `google-services.json` file to find these values, then update your `FirebaseOptions`, as needed.
* If you use the default initialization process (that is, using a `google-services.json` config file to provide these values), you can download your `google-services.json` file, then replace the existing config file in your app.
* Apps that use API key restrictions for their API key might experience blocked requests. To mitigate this issue, review the Firebase installations documentation.
* The FCM registration tokens of installed instances of your apps might change once after updating dependencies to their latest versions. To learn if your apps are affected, review the Firebase installations documentation. Also, make sure to monitor FCM registration token generation using the `#onNewToken` implementation.
### Analytics version 17.2.3
* Bug fixes, including a fix for a concurrent modification exception.
### Cloud Firestore version 21.4.1
* Fixed a performance regression introduced by the addition of `Query.limitToLast(n: long)` in Cloud Firestore v21.3.1.
* Changed the in-memory representation of Cloud Firestore documents to reduce memory allocations and improve performance. Calls to `DocumentSnapshot.getData()` and `DocumentSnapshot.toObject()` will see the biggest improvement.
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 21.4.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Messaging version 20.1.1
Warning: This version of `firebase-messaging` (v20.1.1) has known issues
involving silent failures and should not be used. A fix for these issues was
released on March 03, 2020.
* Changed the default for notification titles. Previously, an empty title was replaced with the app's label, but now an empty title causes the notification title to be omitted.
* Fixed an issue that could cause ANRs when receiving messages.
* Cloud Messaging now transitively depends on the Firebase installations SDK. After updating to the latest dependency versions, make sure that push notifications still work as expected. Also, be aware of the following:
* The FCM registration tokens of installed instances of your apps might change once after updating dependencies to their latest versions. To learn if your apps are affected, review the Firebase installations documentation. Also, make sure to monitor FCM registration token generation using the `#onNewToken` implementation.
* Apps that use the Firebase auto-initialization process and the Gradle plugin to convert `google-services.json` into resources are unaffected. However, apps that create their own `FirebaseOptions` instances must provide a valid API key, Firebase project ID, and application ID.
### Firebase Installations version 16.0.0
* The Firebase installations SDK introduces the Firebase installations API. The Firebase installations service is an infrastructure service used internally by Firebase to identify each installed instance of a Firebase app.
* Several Firebase products transitively depend on the Firebase installations SDK. Be aware of the following:
* The FCM registration tokens of installed instances of your apps might change once after updating dependencies to their latest versions. To learn if your apps are affected, review the Firebase installations documentation. Also, make sure to monitor FCM registration token generation using the `#onNewToken` implementation.
* Apps that use the Firebase auto-initialization process and the Gradle plugin to convert `google-services.json` into resources are unaffected. However, apps that create their own `FirebaseOptions` instances must provide a valid API key, Firebase project ID, and application ID.
* Apps that use API key restrictions for their API key might experience blocked requests. To mitigate this issue, review the Firebase installations documentation.
### Firebase Instance ID version 20.1.0
Warning: This version of `firebase-iid` (v20.1.0) has known issues involving
silent failures and should not be used. A fix for these issues was released on
March 03, 2020.
* Fixed an issue that could cause ANRs when receiving broadcasts.
* Firebase Instance ID now depends on the Firebase installations SDK. Be aware of the following:
* The FCM registration tokens of installed instances of your apps might change once after updating dependencies to their latest versions. To learn if your apps are affected, review the Firebase installations documentation. Also, make sure to monitor FCM registration token generation using the `#onNewToken` implementation.
* Apps that use the Firebase auto-initialization process and the Gradle plugin to convert `google-services.json` into resources are unaffected. However, apps that create their own `FirebaseOptions` instances must provide a valid API key, Firebase project ID, and application ID.
### Remote Config version 19.1.2
* Resolved known issue where `FirebaseRemoteConfigSettings.Builder.setFetchTimeoutInSeconds()` was not always honored.
#### Remote Config Kotlin extensions version 19.1.2
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
config` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Firebase Android BoM version 24.7.1
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite:18.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:18.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.2.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx:19.1.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:19.1.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.2.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-buildtools:2.0.0-beta02`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-gradle:2.0.0-beta02`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk:17.0.0-beta01`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics:17.0.0-beta01`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx:19.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:19.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx:21.4.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:21.4.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:20.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:22.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply:18.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-automl:18.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-barcode-model:16.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-object-detection-model:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:24.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:19.0.5`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx:19.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:19.1.1`
## Update - February 14, 2020
### Dynamic Links version 19.1.0
* Added new getter methods to `DynamicLink.Builder` to improve Kotlin interop.
#### Dynamic Links Kotlin extensions version 19.1.0
* The beta release of a Dynamic Links Android library with Kotlin extensions is now available. The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the base `firebase-dynamic-links` library. To learn more, visit the Dynamic Links KTX documentation.
### Firebase Android BoM version 24.7.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite:18.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:18.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.2.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx:19.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:19.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.2.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-buildtools:2.0.0-beta02`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-gradle:2.0.0-beta02`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk:17.0.0-beta01`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics:17.0.0-beta01`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx:19.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:19.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx:21.4.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:21.4.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:20.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:22.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply:18.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-automl:18.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-barcode-model:16.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-object-detection-model:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:24.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:19.0.5`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx:19.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:19.1.1`
## Update - February 03, 2020
### Crashlytics Gradle plugin version 2.0.0-beta02
* Updated the third-party license file to ensure compliance with all redistribution terms. For license declarations of all dependencies, refer to the version-specific `firebase-crashlytics-gradle-x.y.z-third_party_licences.txt` Maven artifact.
### A/B Testing version 19.0.1
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases.
### App Indexing version 19.1.0
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases.
### Cloud Firestore version 21.4.0
* Cloud Firestore previously required that every document read in a transaction must also be written. This requirement has been removed, and you can now read a document in a transaction without writing to it.
* Cloud Firestore now recovers more quickly when connections suffering packet loss return to normal.
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 21.4.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK version 19.0.2
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases.
#### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK Kotlin extensions version 19.0.2
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
functions` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Storage for Firebase version 19.1.1
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases.
#### Cloud Storage for Firebase Kotlin extensions version 19.1.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
storage` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Realtime Database version 19.2.1
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases.
#### Realtime Database Kotlin extensions version 19.2.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
database` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Remote Config version 19.1.1
* Updated `FirebaseRemoteConfig.fetch()` implementation to use `FirebaseInstanceId.getInstanceId()` in favor of the deprecated `FirebaseInstanceId.getToken()`.
#### Remote Config Kotlin extensions version 19.1.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
config` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Firebase Android BoM version 24.6.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite:18.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:18.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.2.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx:19.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:19.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.2.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-buildtools:2.0.0-beta01`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-gradle:2.0.0-beta01`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk:17.0.0-beta01`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics:17.0.0-beta01`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx:19.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:19.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx:21.4.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:21.4.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:20.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:22.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply:18.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-automl:18.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-barcode-model:16.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-object-detection-model:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:24.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:19.0.5`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx:19.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:19.1.1`
## Update - January 14, 2020
### Analytics version 17.2.2
* Bug fixes, including a fix for engagement time calculations, a fix related to first open attribution, and a fix for enhanced audience timestamps.
### In-App Messaging version 19.0.3
* Internal changes to enable future SDK improvements.
#### In-App Messaging Kotlin extensions version 19.0.3
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
inappmessaging` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional
updates.
### In-App Messaging Display version 19.0.3
* Internal changes to enable future SDK improvements.
#### In-App Messaging Display Kotlin extensions version 19.0.3
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
inappmessaging-display` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no
additional updates.
### Performance Monitoring version 19.0.5
* Muted logcat logging for Firebase Performance Monitoring when `firebase_performance_logcat_enabled` is not set or set to false. (#403)
* Skipped automatic performance event creation when `firebase_performance_collection_enabled` is set to false.
* Internal infrastructure improvements.
### Crashlytics version 17.0.0-beta01
This release for Firebase Crashlytics includes the initial beta release of the
Firebase Crashlytics SDK.
The Firebase Crashlytics SDK is a new version of the Crashlytics SDK built
without Fabric and instead built entirely on Firebase. This new SDK has new
and improved APIs as well as an artifact name change. The following release
notes describe changes in the new SDK.
The changes in these release notes are only relevant to Crashlytics users who
are upgrading from the legacy Fabric SDK.
* If you're using Crashlytics for NDK crash reporting in your app for the first time, follow the getting started instructions.
* If you're upgrading from the legacy Fabric SDK to the Firebase Crashlytics SDK, follow the upgrade instructions to update your app with the following SDK changes.
* Replaced static methods with new instance methods that are more consistent with other Firebase SDKs and more intuitive to use. The new APIs give your users more control over how you collect their data.
* Removed the Fabric Crashlytics API key. Now, Crashlytics will always use the `google-services.json` file to associate your app with your Firebase project. If you linked your app from Fabric, remove the Fabric API key from your `AndroidManifest.xml` file.
* The `fabric.properties` and `crashlytics.properties` files are no longer supported. Remove them from your app.
### Crashlytics NDK version 17.0.0-beta01
This release includes the initial beta release of the Firebase Crashlytics SDK
for NDK crash reporting.
The Firebase Crashlytics SDK for NDK is a new version of the Crashlytics SDK
for NDK crash reporting built without Fabric and instead built entirely on
Firebase. This new SDK has new and improved APIs as well as an artifact name
change. The following release notes describe changes in the new SDK.
The changes in these release notes are only relevant to Crashlytics NDK users
who are upgrading from the legacy Fabric SDK.
* If you're using Crashlytics for NDK crash reporting in your app for the first time, follow the getting started instructions.
* If you're upgrading from the legacy Fabric SDK to the Firebase Crashlytics SDK for NDK crash reporting, follow the upgrade instructions to update your app with the following SDK changes.
* Crashlytics NDK crash reporting will now start automatically when the Crashlytics NDK dependency is included in your app.
* The Crashlytics Gradle plugin has new tasks to support uploading symbol files to Crashlytics servers. See the Crashlytics Gradle plugin documentation for more information.
### Crashlytics Gradle plugin version 2.0.0-beta01
This release for Firebase Crashlytics includes the initial beta release of the
Firebase Crashlytics Gradle plugin (`firebase-crashlytics-gradle`).
The Firebase Crashlytics Gradle plugin is a new version of the Crashlytics
tools built without Fabric and instead built entirely on Firebase. This new
plugin has improvements to the Gradle plugin interface as well as an artifact
name change. The following release notes describe changes in the new plugin.
The changes in these release notes are only relevant to Crashlytics users who
are upgrading from the legacy Fabric plugin.
* If you're using Crashlytics for NDK crash reporting in your app for the first time, follow the getting started instructions.
* If you're upgrading from the legacy Fabric SDK to the Firebase Crashlytics SDK, follow the upgrade instructions to update your app with the following Gradle plugin changes.
* Deprecated the Crashlytics-specific build parameters `ext.alwaysUpdateBuildId`, `ext.enableCrashlytics`, and `ext.enableCrashlyticsNdk`. Remove them from your Gradle configuration.
* Renamed the `crashlytics` extension configuration block to `firebaseCrashlytics`. You can now configure the `firebaseCrashlytics` block as part of your build type or flavor.
* Added a new `mappingFileUploadEnabled` flag that controls uploading of deobfuscation files to Crashlytics servers. When this flag is `false` for an app build, that app’s stack traces will not be deobfuscated in the Crashlytics dashboard.
* Added a new `mappingFile` parameter that overrides the default deobfuscation mapping file location.
* Added a new `nativeSymbolUploadEnabled` flag and associated Gradle task, `crashlyticsUploadSymbolFile[Variant]`, which are required when using Crashlytics NDK crash reporting.
### Firebase Android BoM version 24.5.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite:18.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:18.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.2.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.2.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-buildtools:2.0.0-beta01`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-gradle:2.0.0-beta01`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-ndk:17.0.0-beta01`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics:17.0.0-beta01`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx:21.3.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:21.3.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:20.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:22.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply:18.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-automl:18.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-barcode-model:16.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-object-detection-model:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:24.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:19.0.5`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:19.1.0`
## Update - December 18, 2019
### App Distribution Gradle plugin version 1.3.1
* You no longer need to specify the Firebase App Distribution plugin after the Android Gradle plugin.
### Performance Monitoring version 19.0.4
* Improved internal infrastructure to work better with Firebase Remote Config.
### Remote Config version 19.1.0
* Added getters to the fields of the `FirebaseRemoteConfigSettings.Builder` object to provide better Kotlin patterns.
#### Remote Config Kotlin extensions version 19.1.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
config` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Firebase Android BoM version 24.4.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite:18.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:18.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx:21.3.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:21.3.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:20.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:22.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply:18.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-automl:18.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-barcode-model:16.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-object-detection-model:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:24.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:19.0.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:19.1.0`
## Update - December 09, 2019
### App Distribution Gradle plugin version 1.3.0
* Improvements to app binary uploading
### Cloud Firestore version 21.3.1
* Added `Query.limitToLast(n: long)`, which returns the last `n` documents as the result.
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 21.3.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Messaging version 20.1.0
* Added `setDeliveryMetricsExportToBigQuery(boolean)` and `deliveryMetricsExportToBigQueryEnabled()` to control and query if messsage delivery metrics are exported to BigQuery.
* Changed to catch and log NullPointerException when trying to close the image download stream. This NPE can happen if the image download takes too long and times out.
### Firebase Instance ID version 20.0.2
* Internal infrastructure improvements.
### Performance Monitoring version 19.0.3
* Internal infrastructure improvements.
### Remote Config version 19.0.4
* Resolved known issue where network calls may fail on devices using API 19 and earlier.
#### Remote Config Kotlin extensions version 19.0.4
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
config` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Firebase Android BoM version 24.3.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite:18.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:18.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx:19.0.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:19.0.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx:21.3.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:21.3.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:20.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:22.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply:18.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-automl:18.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-barcode-model:16.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-object-detection-model:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:24.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:19.1.0`
## Update - November 22, 2019
### Authentication version 19.2.0
* Added a new `OAuthProvider.CredentialBuilder` class with support for a nonce to enable headless sign-in for OIDC and OIDC-like flows.
### Firebase Android BoM version 24.2.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite:18.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:18.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx:21.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:21.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:20.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:22.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply:18.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-automl:18.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-barcode-model:16.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-object-detection-model:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:24.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:19.1.0`
## Update - November 11, 2019
### App Distribution Gradle plugin version 1.2.0
* You can now add trusted certificates by setting `javax.net.ssl.trustStore` and `javax.net.ssl.trustStorePassword` system properties.
### Cloud Firestore version 21.3.0
* Added `Query.whereIn()` and `Query.whereArrayContainsAny()` query operators. `Query.whereIn()` finds documents where a specified field’s value is IN a specified array. `Query.whereArrayContainsAny()` finds documents where a specified field is an array and contains ANY element of a specified array.
* Improved the performance of repeatedly executed queries. Recently executed queries should see dramatic improvements. This benefit is reduced if changes accumulate while the query is inactive. Queries that use the `limit()` API may not always benefit, depending on the accumulated changes.
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 21.3.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Messaging version 20.0.1
* Fixed notifications on API level 24 and later to display the event time when `event_time` is set.
### In-App Messaging version 19.0.2
* Updated version of Dagger to 2.24.
* Made info messages more clear in logcat.
#### In-App Messaging Kotlin extensions version 19.0.2
* The beta release of a In-App Messaging Android library with Kotlin extensions is now available. The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the base `firebase-inappmessaging` library. To learn more, visit the In-App Messaging KTX documentation.
### In-App Messaging Display version 19.0.2
* Updated version of Dagger to 2.24.
* Bug fixes to improve SDK stability.
* Fixed memory leak.
#### In-App Messaging Display Kotlin extensions version 19.0.2
* The beta release of a In-App Messaging Display Android library with Kotlin extensions is now available. The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the base `firebase-inappmessaging-display` library. To learn more, visit the In-App Messaging Display KTX documentation.
### Firebase Instance ID version 20.0.1
* Internal improvements and refactored code.
### ML Kit for Firebase Common version 22.0.1
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### ML Kit for Firebase Vision version 24.0.1
* Fixed a bug which allowed the use of `FirebaseAutoMLRemoteModel` when instantiating AutoML `FirebaseVisionImageLabeler` without calling `FirebaseModelManager.download` if the model had already been downloaded and existed locally.
### ML Kit for Firebase Barcode Model version 16.0.2
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### ML Kit for Firebase Object Detection and Tracking Model version 19.0.3
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### ML Kit for Firebase Model Interpreter version 22.0.1
* Fixed a bug which allowed the use of `FirebaseCustomRemoteModel` when instantiating `FirebaseModelInterpreter` without calling `FirebaseModelManager.download` if the model had already been downloaded and existed locally.
### ML Kit for Firebase Vision AutoML version 18.0.3
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### Performance Monitoring version 19.0.2
* Internal infrastructure improvements.
### Firebase Android BoM version 24.1.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite:18.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:18.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx:21.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:21.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display-ktx:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-ktx:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:20.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:22.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply:18.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-automl:18.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-barcode-model:16.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-object-detection-model:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:24.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:19.1.0`
## Update - October 25, 2019
### Analytics version 17.2.1
* Bug fixes, including latency improvements and some minor improvements to data accuracy.
### Cloud Firestore version 21.2.1
* Fixed an issue where devices targeting Android API level 19 or earlier would crash when they were unable to connect to Cloud Firestore.
* Fixed a race condition in Documents where access to `getData` and `getField` on the same document in different threads could cause a `NullPointerException`.
* Fixed a race condition that could cause a `NullPointerException` during client initialization.
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 21.2.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Firebase Android BoM version 24.0.1
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite:18.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:18.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:21.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:20.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply:18.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-automl:18.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-barcode-model:16.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-object-detection-model:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:24.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:19.1.0`
### Firebase Android BoM version 24.0.2
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite:18.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:18.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx:21.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:21.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:20.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply:18.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-automl:18.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-barcode-model:16.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-object-detection-model:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:24.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:19.1.0`
## Update - October 16, 2019
### App Distribution Gradle plugin version 1.1.0
* Updated Android Gradle Plugin API usage because the existing usage will be removed from the API by the end of 2019. This fixes the `variantOutput.getPackageApplication() is obsolete` warning that appears when using Android Gradle Plugin v3.3.0 and later.
### Cloud Firestore version 21.2.0
* Added an `addSnapshotsInSyncListener()` method to `FirebaseFirestore` that notifies you when all your snapshot listeners are in sync with each other.
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 21.2.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### ML Kit for Firebase Common version 22.0.0
This release contains breaking changes. Review details of the changes below.
* Breaking change: Updated `FirebaseRemoteModel` with the following changes in order to get feature specific handling:
* `FirebaseRemoteModel` and `FirebaseLocalModel` initializers are disabled. With this release, new subclasses have been added for AutoML, Custom, and Translate SDKs. Use the intializers for those subclasses to create instances of remote and local models.
* `initialConditions` and `updatesConditions` are moved out of `FirebaseRemoteModel`; now specify the `downloadConditions` in the `FirebaseModelManager.download` API.
* Breaking change: Updated `FirebaseModelManager` with the following changes to simplify developer workflow for using remoteModel and localModel:
* Simplified the API by eliminating the requirement of advance model registration. `FirebaseRemoteModel` and `FirebaseLocalModel` registration APIs are removed.
* `deleteDownloadedModel(remoteModel)` API is introduced to remove downloaded models not in use to save space.
* Updated `downloadRemoteModelIfNeeded(remoteModel)` to `download(remoteModel, downloadConditions)`. Download conditions can now be specified directly at the time when the download API is invoked.
* Developers now have full control and flexibility to customize the model download options to fit their needs, including indicating whether to use a remote model or a local model.
* Added `isModelDownloaded(remoteModel)` API.
### ML Kit for Firebase Vision version 24.0.0
This release contains breaking changes. Review details of the changes below.
* Added `FirebaseAutoMLRemoteModel` and `FirebaseAutoMLLocalModel` as instantiable subclasses of `FirebaseRemoteModel` and `FirebaseLocalModel` classes, respectively.
* Breaking change: Updated the initializers for `FirebaseVisionOnDeviceAutoMLImageLabelerOptions` to be initialized with either a `FirebaseAutoMLRemoteModel` or a `FirebaseAutoMLLocalModel`, but not both.
* Breaking change: Implicit model downloading is no longer available through the AutoML `FirebaseVisionImageLabeler`. You must invoke the `download(remoteModel, downloadConditions)` API from `ModelManager` to download any `FirebaseAutoMLRemoteModel`.
* Enhanced barcode scanner with better speed and accuracy. The enhancements are available in the `firebase-ml-vision-barcode-model` v16.0.1 and later.
### ML Kit for Firebase Vision AutoML version 18.0.2
Warning: Due to an issue in ML Kit for Firebase Vision AutoML v18.0.2, when
using a remote model, you must call
`firebaseModelManager.download(remoteModel)` before initialization, regardless
of what `firebaseModelManager.isModelDownloaded()` returns.
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### ML Kit for Firebase Barcode Model version 16.0.1
* Updated the Barcode implementation with the newly added Barcode Model, which comes with significant improvements in both latency and accuracy. Also added API to access the raw bytes for non UTF-8 encoded barcode data. To learn more, refer to the ML Kit for Firebase documentation.
### ML Kit for Firebase Object Detection and Tracking Model version 19.0.2
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### ML Kit for Firebase Model Interpreter version 22.0.0
Warning: Due to an issue in ML Kit for Firebase Model Interpreter v22.0.0,
when using a remote model, you must call
`firebaseModelManager.download(remoteModel)` before initialization, regardless
of what `firebaseModelManager.isModelDownloaded()` returns. This release
contains breaking changes. Review details of the changes below.
* Added `FirebaseCustomRemoteModel` and `FirebaseCustomLocalModel` as instantiable subclasses of `FirebaseRemoteModel` and `FirebaseLocalModel` classes, respectively.
* Breaking change: Replace `FirebaseModelOptions` with `FirebaseModelInterpreterOptions`. Note that `FirebaseModelInterpreterOptions` can only be initialized with either a `FirebaseCustomRemoteModel` or a `FirebaseCustomLocalModel`, but not both.
* Breaking change: Implicit model downloading is no longer available through the `FirebaseModelInterpreter`. You must invoke the `download(remoteModel, downloadConditions)` API from `FirebaseModelManager` to download any `FirebaseCustomRemoteModel`.
### ML Kit for Firebase Natural Language version 22.0.0
This release contains breaking changes. Review details of the changes below.
* Breaking change: Updated `FirebaseTranslateRemoteModel` with the following changes to simplify the developer workflow:
* Removed the `setFirebaseApp` method in `Builder`. A custom `FirebaseApp` is now supported through the `getInstance` method in `FirebaseModelManager`.
* Removed the `setDownloadConditions` method in `Builder`. Download conditions are now passed to the `download` method in `FirebaseModelManager`.
* Breaking change: Removed `FirebaseTranslateModelManager`. Translate models are now handled through `FirebaseModelManager`.
### ML Kit for Firebase Language Identification Model version 20.0.7
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### ML Kit for Firebase Smart Reply Model version 20.0.7
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### ML Kit for Firebase Translate Model version 20.0.7
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### Performance Monitoring version 19.0.1
* Internal infrastructure improvements.
### Realtime Database version 19.2.0
* Added support for type wildcards in `GenericTypeIndicator`, expanding our custom class serialization to include classes with wildcard generics.
#### Realtime Database Kotlin extensions version 19.2.0
* The beta release of a Realtime Database Android library with Kotlin extensions is now available. The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the base `firebase-database` library. To learn more, visit the Realtime Database KTX documentation.
### Remote Config version 19.0.3
* Resolved known issue where the Firebase Remote Config SDK threw an error when Android StrictMode was turned on.
* Resolved issue where setting Byte Arrays via `FirebaseRemoteConfig.setDefaultsAsync(int)`, `FirebaseRemoteConfig.setDefaultsAsync(Map<String,Object>)` and their synchronous counterparts would cause `getByteArray` to return an object reference instead of the Byte Array. Byte Arrays set via the Firebase console were unaffected by this bug.
#### Remote Config Kotlin extensions version 19.0.3
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
config` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Firebase Android BoM version 23.0.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite:18.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:18.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx:21.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:21.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:20.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply:18.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-automl:18.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-object-detection-model:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:24.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:19.1.0`
### Firebase Android BoM version 24.0.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite:18.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:18.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config-ktx:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database-ktx:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:19.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore-ktx:21.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:21.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions-ktx:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:20.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply:18.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate-model:20.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-automl:18.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-barcode-model:16.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-object-detection-model:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:24.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage-ktx:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:19.1.0`
## Update - September 26, 2019
### Authentication version 19.1.0
* Added a new API to retrieve the email that a user entered to sign-in. This is helpful in the event of a recoverable error.
You can retrieve the email from
`FirebaseAuthUserCollisionException#getEmail()`. You can then use the
`fetchSignInMethodsForEmail` API to know which sign-in method to use to prompt
the user, then link with
`FirebaseAuthUserCollisionException#getUpdatedCredential()`. This is
especially useful when using Generic IDP sign-in.
### Cloud Storage for Firebase version 19.1.0
* Added `getCacheControl()`, `getContentDisposition()`, `getContentEncoding()`, `getContentLanguage()`, and `getContentType()` to `StorageMetadata.Builder` to provide access to the current state of the metadata.
* Fixed an encoding issue in `StorageReference.list()` that caused the API to miss entries for prefixes that contained special characters.
#### Cloud Storage for Firebase Kotlin extensions version 19.1.0
* The beta release of a Cloud Storage for Firebase Android library with Kotlin extensions is now available. The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the base `firebase-storage` library. To learn more, visit the Cloud Storage for Firebase KTX documentation.
### In-App Messaging version 19.0.1
* Internal changes to accommodate open-sourcing of the library and to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases.
### In-App Messaging Display version 19.0.1
* Internal changes to accommodate open-sourcing of the library and to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases.
### ML Kit for Firebase Natural Language version 21.0.3
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases.
### ML Kit for Firebase Language Identification Model version 20.0.6
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### ML Kit for Firebase Smart Reply Model version 20.0.6
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### ML Kit for Firebase Translate Model version 20.0.6
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### Remote Config version 19.0.2
* Updated to accommodate the release of the Remote Config Kotlin extensions library.
#### Remote Config Kotlin extensions version 19.0.2
* The beta release of a Remote Config Android library with Kotlin extensions is now available. The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the base `firebase-config` library. To learn more, visit the Remote Config KTX documentation.
### Firebase Gradle Plugins
* The `firebase-appdistribution-gradle` plugin v1.0.0 is now available. Refer to the App Distribution documentation for more information about using this plugin in your app.
### Firebase Android BoM version 22.3.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite:18.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:18.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:21.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:20.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:21.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.6`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.6`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply:18.0.6`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate-model:20.0.6`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate:21.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:21.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-automl:18.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-object-detection-model:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:23.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:19.1.0`
## Update - September 13, 2019
### Cloud Firestore version 21.1.1
* Addressed a regression in v21.1.0 that caused the crash: "Cannot add document to the RemoteDocumentCache with a read time of zero".
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 21.1.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Firebase Android BoM version 22.2.1
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite:18.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:18.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:21.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:20.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:21.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.5`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.5`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply:18.0.5`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate-model:20.0.5`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate:21.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:21.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-automl:18.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-object-detection-model:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:23.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:19.0.1`
## Update - September 09, 2019
### Cloud Firestore version 21.1.0
Warning: We have received reports that this v21.1.0 release of the Firebase
Android SDK for Cloud Firestore can trigger an uncaught exception. Make sure
to update to the next version of the Cloud Firestore SDK to get the fix.
* Added a `FirebaseFirestore.terminate()` method which terminates the instance, releasing any held resources. Once it completes, you can optionally call `clearPersistence()` to wipe persisted Cloud Firestore data from disk.
* Added a `FirebaseFirestore.waitForPendingWrites()` method which allows users to wait on a promise that resolves when all pending writes are acknowledged by the Cloud Firestore backend.
* Transactions now perform exponential backoff before retrying. This means transactions on highly contended documents are more likely to succeed.
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 21.1.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Storage for Firebase version 19.0.1
* `StorageReference.listAll()` now propagates the error messages if the List operation was denied by a Security Rule.
### ML Kit for Firebase Natural Language version 21.0.2
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases.
### ML Kit for Firebase Language Identification Model version 20.0.5
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### ML Kit for Firebase Smart Reply Model version 20.0.5
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### ML Kit for Firebase Translate Model version 20.0.5
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### Realtime Database version 19.1.0
* Added support for the Firebase Realtime Database Emulator. To connect to the emulator, specify "http://:/?ns=" as your Database URL (via `FirebaseDatabase.getInstance(String)`). Note that if you are running the Realtime Database Emulator on "localhost" and connecting from an app that is running inside an Android Emulator, the Realtime Database Emulator host will be "10.0.2.2" followed by its port.
### Remote Config version 19.0.1
* Resolved known issue where certain unicode characters were not encoded correctly. The issue was introduced in v19.0.0.
### Firebase Android BoM version 22.2.0
Warning: We have received reports of an issue in the Cloud Firestore SDK
v21.1.0 release. Consequently, this issue also affects the Firebase BoM
v22.2.0 release. Make sure to update to the next version of the Firebase BoM
to get the fix.
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite:18.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:18.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:19.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:21.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:20.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:21.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.5`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.5`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply:18.0.5`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate-model:20.0.5`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate:21.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:21.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-automl:18.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-object-detection-model:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:23.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:19.0.1`
## Update - September 06, 2019
### google-services plugin 4.3.2
* Fixed regressions unintentionally released in v4.3.1 of the plugin.
* Version bump for strict-version-matcher dependency. For more details, refer to GitHub PR 83.
* Fixed the `getMergeResourcesProvider` warning. For more details, refer to GitHub PR 82.
## Update - August 28, 2019
### Analytics version 17.2.0
* Bug fixes, including addressing an issue where sessions may not have been accurately reported.
* Added support for monitoring the launch of new features via Firebase Remote Config.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK version 19.0.1
* Updated to accommodate the release of the Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK Kotlin extensions library.
#### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK Kotlin extensions version 19.0.1
* The beta release of a Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK Android library with Kotlin extensions is now available. The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the base `firebase-functions` library. To learn more, visit the Cloud Functions KTX documentation.
### ML Kit for Firebase Natural Language version 21.0.1
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases.
### ML Kit for Firebase Language Identification Model version 20.0.4
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### ML Kit for Firebase Smart Reply Model version 20.0.4
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### ML Kit for Firebase Translate Model version 20.0.4
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### Firebase Android BoM version 22.1.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite:18.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:18.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:21.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:20.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:21.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply:18.0.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate-model:20.0.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate:21.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:21.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-automl:18.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-object-detection-model:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:23.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:19.0.0`
## Update - August 22, 2019
### google-services plugin 4.3.1
* Internal improvements
* Removed calls to deprecated API
## Update - August 16, 2019
Note: This release adds nullabillity annotations to all Firebase public APIs
to improve the Kotlin developer experience. This addition requires a major
versioning of all Firebase Android SDKs, including those with no other
updates.
### Analytics version 17.1.0
* Fixed bugs, including a problem that could lead to inaccurate data from devices without Google Play Services installed, and an unnecessary provider declaration in AndroidManifest.xml.
* Added nullability annotations to improve the Kotlin developer experience.
### App Indexing version 19.0.0
* Versioned to add nullability annotations to improve the Kotlin developer experience. No other changes.
### Authentication version 19.0.0
* Versioned to add nullability annotations to improve the Kotlin developer experience. No other changes.
### Cloud Firestore version 21.0.0
* Transactions are now more flexible. Some sequences of operations that were previously incorrectly disallowed are now allowed. For example, after reading a document that doesn't exist, you can now set it multiple times successfully in a transaction.
* Fixed an issue where query results were temporarily missing documents that previously had not matched but had been updated to now match the query. Refer to this GitHub issue for more details.
* Added nullability annotations to improve the Kotlin developer experience.
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 21.0.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK version 19.0.0
* Versioned to add nullability annotations to improve the Kotlin developer experience. No other changes.
### Cloud Messaging version 20.0.0
* Added support for more Android notification parameters, including: `ticker`, `sticky`,`event_time`, `local_only`, `notification_priority`, `default_sound`, `default_vibrate_timings`, `default_light_settings`, `visibility`, `notification_count`, `vibrate_timings` and `light_settings`.
* Added support for Android notifications that include an image.
* Added nullability annotations to improve the Kotlin developer experience.
### Cloud Storage for Firebase version 19.0.0
* Versioned to add nullability annotations to improve the Kotlin developer experience. No other changes.
### Crashlytics version 2.10.1
* Versioned to add nullability annotations to improve the Kotlin developer experience. No other changes.
### Dynamic Links version 19.0.0
* Versioned to add nullability annotations to improve the Kotlin developer experience. No other changes.
### In-App Messaging version 19.0.0
* Versioned to add nullability annotations to improve the Kotlin developer experience. No other changes.
### In-App Messaging Display version 19.0.0
* Versioned to add nullability annotations to improve the Kotlin developer experience. No other changes.
### ML Kit for Firebase Common version 21.0.0
* Added nullability annotations to improve the Kotlin developer experience. No other changes.
### ML Kit for Firebase Vision version 23.0.0
* Added nullability annotations to improve the Kotlin developer experience. No other changes.
### ML Kit for Firebase Object Detection and Tracking Model version 19.0.1
* Internal improvement.
* Added nullability annotations to improve the Kotlin developer experience.
### ML Kit for Firebase Vision AutoML version 18.0.1
* Added nullability annotations to improve the Kotlin developer experience. No other changes.
### ML Kit for Firebase Natural Language version 21.0.0
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases.
* Added nullability annotations to improve the Kotlin developer experience.
### ML Kit for Firebase Language Identification Model version 20.0.3
* Added nullability annotations to improve the Kotlin developer experience. No other changes.
### ML Kit for Firebase Smart Reply Model version 20.0.3
* Added nullability annotations to improve the Kotlin developer experience. No other changes.
### ML Kit for Firebase Translate Model version 20.0.3
* Added nullability annotations to improve the Kotlin developer experience. No other changes.
### ML Kit for Firebase Model Interpreter version 21.0.0
* Added nullability annotations to improve the Kotlin developer experience. No other changes.
### Performance Monitoring version 19.0.0
* Versioned to add nullability annotations to improve the Kotlin developer experience. No other changes.
### Realtime Database version 19.0.0
* Versioned to add nullability annotations to improve the Kotlin developer experience. No other changes.
### Remote Config version 19.0.0
* Versioned to add nullability annotations to improve the Kotlin developer experience. No other changes.
### Firebase Android BoM version 22.0.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite:18.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:18.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:21.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:20.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:21.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply:18.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate-model:20.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate:21.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:21.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-automl:18.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-object-detection-model:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:23.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:19.0.0`
## Update - August 1, 2019
### Firebase Gradle Plugins
* `perf-plugin` v1.3.1 — This release contains some minor fixes and improvements.
## Update - July 24, 2019
### Cloud Firestore version 20.2.0
* Added a `@DocumentId` annotation which can be used on a `DocumentReference` or `String` property in a POJO to indicate that the SDK should automatically populate it with the document's ID.
* Fixed an internal assertion that was triggered when an update with a `FieldValue.serverTimestamp()` and an update with a `FieldValue.increment()` were pending for the same document. Refer to this GitHub issue for more details.
* Improved performance of queries with large result sets.
* Improved performance for queries with filters that only return a small subset of the documents in a collection.
* Instead of failing silently, Cloud Firestore now crashes the client app if it fails to load SSL Ciphers. To avoid these crashes, you must bundle Conscrypt to support non-GMSCore devices on Android API level 19 (KitKat) or earlier (for more information, refer to TLS on Android).
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 20.2.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK version 18.1.0
* Added `getTimeout` method to get the timeout for a callable. For more details, refer to GitHub PR #574.
### Cloud Storage for Firebase version 18.1.1
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases.
### ML Kit for Firebase Natural Language version 20.0.2
* Fixed an issue where Smart Reply would log the input text. Refer to this GitHub issue for more details.
* ML Kit Natural Language classes are now annotated with `@ParametersAreNonnullByDefault` to ensure the compiler will warn about passing in null values to APIs that don't expect them.
### ML Kit for Firebase Language Identification Model version 20.0.2
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### ML Kit for Firebase Smart Reply Model version 20.0.2
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### ML Kit for Firebase Translate Model version 20.0.2
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### Realtime Database version 18.0.1
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases.
* The SDK now reports the correct version number (via `FirebaseDatabase.getSdkVersion()`.
### Firebase Android BoM version 21.1.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite:18.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:18.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:18.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:18.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:20.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:18.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:18.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:18.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:20.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply:18.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate-model:20.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate:20.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:20.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-automl:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-object-detection-model:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:18.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:18.1.1`
## Update - July 12, 2019
### Analytics version 17.0.1
* Fixed minor bugs, including an issue where apps reported analytics data with an empty Google app ID.
### Authentication version 18.1.0
* Added a new API to retrieve the OAuth secret in `OAuthCredential` when signing in with Twitter using web-based Generic OAuth Login. The secret is required to access Twitter APIs. We suggest migrating away from TwitterKit as it has been discontinued.
### Cloud Storage for Firebase version 18.1.0
* Added `StorageReference.list()` and `StorageReference.listAll()`, which allows developers to list the files and folders under the given StorageReference.
* Added validation to `StorageReference.getDownloadUrl()` and `StorageReference.getMetadata()` to return an error if the reference is the root of the bucket.
### In-App Messaging version 18.0.2
* Updated to send engagement metrics via Analytics.
* Fixed issue with callbacks triggering for Card templates.
### In-App Messaging Display version 18.0.2
* Updated to support Picasso version 2.71828.
* Updated to send engagement metrics via Analytics.
* Fixed issue with callbacks triggering for Card templates.
### ML Kit for Firebase Common version 20.0.1
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### ML Kit for Firebase Model Interpreter version 20.0.1
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### ML Kit for Firebase Natural Language version 20.0.1
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases.
### ML Kit for Firebase Language Identification Model version 20.0.1
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### ML Kit for Firebase Smart Reply Model version 20.0.1
* Internal improvements to reduce library size and refactored code.
### ML Kit for Firebase Translate Model version 20.0.1
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### ML Kit for Firebase Vision version 22.0.0
* Removed `getEntityId` from `FirebaseVisionObject`.
### ML Kit for Firebase Vision AutoML version 18.0.0
* Internal cleanup.
### ML Kit for Firebase Object Detection and Tracking Model version 18.0.0
* Improved detecting small objects with `FirebaseVisionObjectDetector`.
* Fixed the known issue where for Android API level 18 and earlier, the object detector recycles `Bitmap` objects passed to it. You no longer need to pass a copy of the `Bitmap`.
* Fixed the known issue where in streaming mode, if the category of an object changes, the detector assigns it a new tracking ID.
### Firebase Android BoM version 21.0.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate-model:20.0.1`
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-object-detection-model:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:18.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:18.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:18.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:18.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:18.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:18.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply:18.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate:20.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:20.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads-lite:18.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:20.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:20.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:22.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-automl:18.0.0`
## Update - July 10, 2019
### Firebase Gradle Plugins
* `perf-plugin` v1.3.0 — With this release, you can disable the Firebase Performance Monitoring Gradle plugin for a specific build variant (including buildTypes or productFlavors). For more details, refer to the disabling Performance Monitoring documentation.
## Update - June 27, 2019
### google-services plugin 4.3.0
* Improved stability.
* Implemented fix for NPE crashes.
* With this release, apply the plugin to top-level apps only; do not apply the plugin to libraries (with the exception of instant apps).
* Plugin tasks will now correctly be skipped if the google-services file has not changed since last run.
### strict-version-matching plugin 1.2.0
* Improved stability.
* Implemented fix for NPE crashes.
## Update - June 24, 2019
### Cloud Firestore version 20.1.0
* SSL and gRPC initialization now happens on a separate thread, which reduces the time taken to produce the first query result.
* Added `clearPersistence()`, which clears the persistent storage including pending writes and cached documents. This is intended to help write reliable tests. Refer to this GitHub issue for more details.
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 20.1.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Messaging version 19.0.1
* Fixed an issue where `FirebaseMessagingService.onNewToken` would be invoked for tokens created for non-default FirebaseApp instances.
* SDK now only retries topic subscriptions and token registration on the following errors: "ERROR_SERVICE_NOT_AVAILABLE" and "ERROR_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR".
### Performance Monitoring version 18.0.1
* Fixed an `IllegalStateException` that was thrown when an activity with hardware acceleration disabled was stopped.
### Firebase Instance ID version 19.0.1
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases.
### Firebase Android BoM version 20.1.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:20.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:18.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:18.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:21.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:20.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:20.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:18.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:18.0.0`
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
## Update - June 20, 2019
### In-App Messaging version 18.0.1
* Fixed an issue that prevented impressions from getting recorded in certain scenarios when the device is offline.
### In-App Messaging Display version 18.0.1
* Fixed an issue that prevented impressions from getting recorded in certain scenarios when the device is offline.
### Firebase Android BoM version 20.0.1
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:20.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:18.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:18.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:21.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:20.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:20.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:18.0.0`
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
## Update - June 17, 2019
This release is a MAJOR version update and includes breaking changes.
With this release, libraries are migrated from the Android Support Libraries
to the Jetpack (AndroidX) Libraries.
The updated libraries will not work unless you make the following changes in
your app:
* Upgrade `com.android.tools.build:gradle` to v3.2.1 or later.
* Upgrade `compileSdkVersion` to 28 or later.
* Update your app to use Jetpack (AndroidX); follow the instructions in Migrating to AndroidX.
### All Firebase SDKs for Android
* The following libraries are updated with this release:
* Ads version 18.0.0
* Analytics version 17.0.0
* App Indexing version 19.0.0
* Authentication version 18.0.0
* Cloud Firestore version 20.0.0
* Cloud Firestore-ktx version 20.0.0
* Cloud Functions (client) version 18.0.0
* Cloud Messaging version 19.0.0
* Cloud Storage version 18.0.0
* Dynamic Links version 18.0.0
* In-App Messaging version 18.0.0
* In-App Messaging Display version 18.0.0
* Instance IDs version 19.0.0
* ML Kit for Firebase: Common version 20.0.0
* ML Kit for Firebase: Vision version 21.0.0
* ML Kit for Firebase: Image Labeling Model version 18.0.0
* ML Kit for Firebase: Face Detection Model version 18.0.0
* ML Kit for Firebase: Object Detection and Tracking Model version 17.0.0
* ML Kit for Firebase: Vision AutoML version 17.0.0
* ML Kit for Firebase: Natural Language version 20.0.0
* ML Kit for Firebase: Language Identification Model version 20.0.0
* ML Kit for Firebase: Smart Reply Model version 20.0.0
* ML Kit for Firebase: Translate Model version 20.0.0
* ML Kit for Firebase: Model Interpreter version 20.0.0
* Realtime Database version 18.0.0
* Performance Monitoring version 18.0.0
* Remote Config version 18.0.0
* A/B Testing version 18.0.0
### Firebase Android BoM version 20.0.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:20.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:21.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:20.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:20.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:20.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:20.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:18.0.0`
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
## Update - May 31, 2019
### Cloud Firestore version 19.0.2
* Updated gRPC to 1.21.0. A bug in the prior version would occasionally cause a crash if a network state change occurred concurrently with an RPC. Refer to GitHub issue #428 for more details.
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 19.0.2
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Firebase Android BoM version 19.0.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:16.0.9`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:17.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:16.5.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:17.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:17.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:20.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:17.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:17.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:19.0.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:17.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:17.0.0`
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.1`
## Update - May 28, 2019
### Cloud Firestore version 19.0.1
* Fixed an issue that prevented schema migrations for clients with large offline datasets. Refer to this GitHub issue for more details.
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 19.0.1
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### In-App Messaging version 17.2.0
* Adds support for card in-app messages.
* Adds direct triggering (via In-App Messaging SDK) of in-app messages.
### In-App Messaging Display version 17.2.0
* Adds support for card in-app messages.
* Adds direct triggering (via In-App Messaging SDK) of in-app messages.
### ML Kit for Firebase Natural Language version 19.0.1
* Fixed a bug where, under some circumstances, the scheduled timing of a model release could cause performance degradation.
### ML Kit for Firebase Language Identification Model version 19.0.1
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### ML Kit for Firebase Smart Reply Model version 19.0.1
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### ML Kit for Firebase Translate Model version 19.0.1
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### Performance Monitoring version 17.0.2
* Fixed a `Null Pointer Exception` that was being observed on certain Android 7.0 devices.
* Updates to make Performance Monitoring work better with the latest version of Firebase Remote Config.
## Update - May 23, 2019
### Crashlytics version 2.10.1
* Fixed a Proguard error that caused some builds to fail:
"can't find referenced class com.crashlytics.android.ndk.CrashlyticsNdk"
## Update - May 07, 2019
Breaking changes for this update:
* If you use Firebase Authentication, update to `firebase-auth` v17.0.0 or later to ensure functionality alignment with other updated Firebase libraries.
* Several libraries updated minSdkVersion to API level 16 to align with the Google Play services distribution policy.
* In your project-level `build.gradle` file, make sure to include Google's Maven repository in both your `buildscript` and `allprojects` sections.
### Analytics version 16.5.0
* Adds the ability for an app to specify whether events logged by Google Analytics can be used to personalize ads for the user.
* Internal changes to ensure compatibility with the Play Referrer API.
* Fixed an issue leading to an increase in reported sessions.
### App Indexing version 18.0.0
* Added new `Alarm`, `AlarmInstance`, `Stopwatch`, `StopwatchLapBuilder`, `Timer`, and `AssistAction` builders.
### Authentication version 17.0.0
* Removed the deprecated `fetchProvidersForEmail(String)` method from the `FirebaseAuth` class, as well as the associated `ProviderQueryResult` class. Use `fetchSignInMethodsForEmail(String)` instead.
* This update of `firebase-auth` is required to use new versions of `firebase-firestore`, `firebase-functions`, `firebase-storage`, and `firebase-database` going forward.
* Updated minSdkVersion to API level 16.
### Cloud Firestore version 19.0.0
* You can now query across all collections in your database with a given collection ID using the `FirebaseFirestore.collectionGroup()` method.
* The garbage collection process for on-disk persistence that removes older documents is now enabled by default. The SDK will attempt to periodically clean up older, unused documents once the on-disk cache passes a threshold size (default: 100 MB). See Configure cache size for details on how to configure this.
* Internal changes that rely on an updated API to obtain authentication credentials. If you use Firebase Authentication, update to `firebase-auth` v17.0.0 or later to ensure functionality alignment.
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions version 19.0.0
The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the updated `firebase-
firestore` library. The Kotlin extensions library has no additional updates.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK version 17.0.0
* Updated minSdkVersion to API level 16.
### Cloud Messaging version 18.0.0
* Updated minSdkVersion to API level 16.
### Cloud Storage for Firebase version 17.0.0
* Internal changes that rely on an updated API to obtain authentication credentials. If you use Firebase Authentication, update to `firebase-auth` v17.0.0 or later to ensure functionality alignment.
### Dynamic Links version 16.2.0
* Refactored code to ensure functionality alignment with other updated Firebase libraries.
* Updated minSdkVersion to API level 16.
### Invites version 16.1.2
* Refactored code to facilitate full deprecation.
### ML Kit for Firebase Common version 19.0.0
* Removed `getModelName`, `getFilePath`, and `getAssetFilePath` from `FirebaseLocalModel`.
* Removed `getModelName`, `isModelUpdatesEnabled`, `getInitialDownloadConditions` and `getUpdatesDownloadConditions` from `FirebaseRemoteModel`.
* Added `FirebaseModelManager#downloadRemoteModelIfNeeded` to trigger the model download and listen to the download task's success and failure.
* Updated minSdkVersion to API level 16.
### ML Kit for Firebase Vision version 20.0.0
* Added AutoML image labeler via `FirebaseVision#getOnDeviceAutoMLImageLabeler`.
* Added object detection and tracking API. See `FirebaseVisionObjectDetector`.
* Updated minSdkVersion to API level 16.
### ML Kit for Firebase Object Detection and Tracking Model version 16.0.0
* Initial release of the Object Detection and Tracking Model.
### ML Kit for Firebase Natural Language version 19.0.0
* Initial release of the Translate API. To learn more, refer to the ML Kit for Firebase documentation.
* Updated minSdkVersion to API level 16.
### ML Kit for Firebase Language Identification Model version 19.0.0
* Updated minSdkVersion to API level 16.
### ML Kit for Firebase Smart Reply Model version 19.0.0
* Updated minSdkVersion to API level 16.
### ML Kit for Firebase Translate Model version 19.0.0
* Initial release of the Translate Model. To learn more, refer to the ML Kit for Firebase documentation.
### ML Kit for Firebase Model Interpreter version 19.0.0
* Updated TFLite version to 1.13.1.
* Updated minSdkVersion to API level 16.
### ML Kit for Firebase Vision AutoML version 16.0.0
* Initial release of the Vision AutoML library.
### Performance Monitoring version 17.0.0
* Removed the deprecated counter API. Use metrics API going forward.
### Realtime Database version 17.0.0
* Internal changes that rely on an updated API to obtain authentication credentials. If you use Firebase Authentication, update to `firebase-auth` v17.0.0 or later to ensure functionality alignment.
### Remote Config version 17.0.0
* Added an asynchronous way to set config settings: `FirebaseRemoteConfig.setConfigSettingsAsync(FirebaseRemoteConfigSettings)`.
* Added `FirebaseRemoteConfigServerException` and `FirebaseRemoteConfigClientException` to provide more nuanced error reporting.
* Updated all "cache expiration" references to "minimum fetch interval" and "cache" references to "local storage".
* Deprecated developer mode. Use `FirebaseRemoteConfigSettings.Builder.setMinimumFetchIntervalInSeconds(0L)` instead.
* Deprecated the synchronous `FirebaseRemoteConfig.setConfigSettings(FirebaseRemoteConfigSettings)`. Use the asynchronous `FirebaseRemoteConfig.setConfigSettingsAsync(FirebaseRemoteConfigSettings)` instead.
* Deprecated `FirebaseRemoteConfigFetchException`. Use the more granular `FirebaseRemoteConfigServerException` and `FirebaseRemoteConfigClientException` instead.
* Removed all namespace methods.
* Removed all default constructors for Exception classes.
* Updated minSdkVersion to API level 16.
### A/B Testing version 17.1.1
* Updated API to support the latest Remote Config update.
* Updated minSdkVersion to API level 16.
### Firebase Instance ID version 18.0.0
* Removed the deprecated `FirebaseInstanceIdService` class.
* Updated minSdkVersion to API level 16.
### Firebase Gradle Plugins
* `firebase-plugins` v2.0.0 — With this release, `firebase-plugins` is deprecated and will not include any future updates for Firebase Performance Monitoring.
* To use Firebase Performance Monitoring, you must add `perf-plugin` explicitly rather than adding it via `firebase-plugins`.
* Firebase Crash Reporting and the associated `crash-plugin` are deprecated. Instead, upgrade to Firebase Crashlytics for more powerful, real-time crash analysis and new stability insights.
* `perf-plugin` v1.2.1 — With this release, you must add `perf-plugin` explicitly rather than adding it via `firebase-plugins` (which is now deprecated).
### Firebase Android BoM version 18.0.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:16.0.9`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:17.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:16.5.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:17.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:17.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:20.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:17.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:17.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:17.0.0`
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.0`
### Firebase Android BoM version 18.1.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:16.0.9`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:17.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:16.5.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:17.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:17.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:20.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-automl:16.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:17.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:17.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-object-detection-model:16.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-translate-model:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:19.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:17.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:17.0.0`
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.10.0`
## Update - May 03, 2019
### Crashlytics version 2.10.0
* Added support for NDK crash reporting for Firebase users.
## Update - April 05, 2019
### Cloud Firestore version 18.2.0
* No changes to the base `firebase-firestore` library.
#### Cloud Firestore Kotlin extensions library version 18.2.0
* The beta release of a Cloud Firestore Android library with Kotlin extensions is now available. The Kotlin extensions library transitively includes the base `firebase-firestore` library. To learn more, visit the Cloud Firestore KTX documentation.
### Authentication version 16.2.1
* Improved error messages for edge cases where providers had been misconfigured in the Firebase console.
* Internal compatibility changes to improve interoperability with different versions of Google Play services.
### Firebase Instance ID version 17.1.2
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases.
### Cloud Messaging version 17.6.0
* Added functionality to automatically download and show an image in a notification message. Retrieve the image URL set in the message with the `getImageUrl` method in `RemoteMessage.Notification`.
### Performance Monitoring version 16.2.5
* Fixed a bug that was causing apps using multiple processses to throw an `IllegalStateException` in the non-main processes.
### Remote Config version 16.5.0
* Enabled multi-App support. Use `FirebaseRemoteConfig.getInstance(FirebaseApp)` to retrieve a singleton instance of `FirebaseRemoteConfig` for the given `FirebaseApp`.
* Added a method that fetches configs and activates them: `FirebaseRemoteConfig.fetchAndActivate()`.
* Network connection timeout for fetch requests is now customizable. To set the network timeout, use `FirebaseRemoteConfigSettings.Builder.setFetchTimeoutInSeconds(long)`.
* The default minimum fetch interval is now customizable. To set the default minimum fetch interval, use `FirebaseRemoteConfigSettings.Builder.setMinimumFetchIntervalInSeconds(long)`.
* Added a way to get all activated configs as a Java `Map`: `FirebaseRemoteConfig.getAll()`.
* Added the ability to reset a Firebase Remote Config instance: `FirebaseRemoteConfig.reset()`.
* Added a way to determine if the Firebase Remote Config instance has finished initializing. To get a task that will complete when the Firebase Remote Config instance is finished initializing, use `FirebaseRemoteConfig.ensureInitialized()`.
* Added an asynchronous way to activate configs: `FirebaseRemoteConfig.activate()`.
* Added an asynchronous way to set defaults: `FirebaseRemoteConfig.setDefaultsAsync(int)` and `FirebaseRemoteConfig.setDefaultsAsync(Map<String,Object>)`.
* Deprecated the synchronous `FirebaseRemoteConfig.activateFetched()`. Use the asynchronous `FirebaseRemoteConfig.activate()` instead.
* Deprecated the synchronous `FirebaseRemoteConfig.setDefaults(int)` and `FirebaseRemoteConfig.setDefaults(Map<String,Object>)`. Use the asynchronous `FirebaseRemoteConfig.setDefaultsAsync(int)` and `FirebaseRemoteConfig.setDefaultsAsync(Map<String,Object>)` instead.
* Deprecated `FirebaseRemoteConfig.getByteArray(String)`.
* Deprecated all methods with a namespace parameter.
## Update - April 02, 2019
### Firebase Android BoM version 17.0.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:16.0.8`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:17.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:16.4.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:17.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:16.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:18.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:16.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:17.5.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:16.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:16.2.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:16.1.8`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-invites:16.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:17.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:17.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:19.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:17.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-face-model:17.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:18.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:18.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-smart-reply-model:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:18.0.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:16.2.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:16.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:16.4.1`
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.9.9`
## Update - March 27, 2019
### Firebase Instance ID version 17.1.1
* Added internal improvements and refactored code.
### In-App Messaging version 17.1.1
* Fixed Cloud Firestore and In-App Messaging compatibility on Android API level 19 (KitKat). The underlying issue was that Cloud Firestore and Cloud Functions couldn't agree on which ciphers to use; this update fixes this issue by overriding the set of ciphers that they use. Refer to GitHub issue 244 for more information.
### In-App Messaging-display version 17.1.1
* Fixed Cloud Firestore and In-App Messaging compatibility on Android API level 19 (KitKat). The underlying issue was that Cloud Firestore and Cloud Functions couldn't agree on which ciphers to use; this update fixes this issue by overriding the set of ciphers that they use. Refer to GitHub issue 244 for more information.
### Cloud Firestore version 18.2.0
* Added `FieldValue.increment()`, which can be used in `update()` and `set(..., SetOptions.merge())` to increment or decrement numeric field values safely without transactions.
* Added functional interface `FirebaseFirestore.runBatch()`, similar to `FirebaseFirestore.runTransaction()`, which allows a developer to focus on the mutations of the batch rather than on creating and committing the batch.
* Prepared the persistence layer to support collection group queries. While this feature is not yet available, all schema changes are included in this release.
* Added `@RestrictTo` annotations to discourage the use of APIs that are not public. This affects internal APIs that were previously obfuscated and are not mentioned in our documentation.
* Improved error messages for certain Number types that are not supported by our serialization layer.
### Cloud Messaging version 17.5.0
* Added internal improvements and refactored code.
### ML Kit for Firebase Common version 17.0.0
* Renamed `FirebaseCloudModelSource` class to `FirebaseRemoteModel` class.
* Renamed `FirebaseLocalModelSource` class to `FirebaseLocalModel` class.
* Renamed `registerCloudModelSource()` to `registerRemoteModel()` in `FirebaseModelManager`
* Renamed `registerLocalModelSource()` to `registerLocalModel()` in `FirebaseModelManager`
* Removed `getCloudModelSource()` in `FirebaseModelManager`
* Removed `getLocalModelSource()` in `FirebaseModelManager`
### ML Kit for Firebase Model Interpreter version 18.0.0
* Renamed `setCloudModelName` to `setRemoteModelName` in `FirebaseModelOptions`.
* Removed `getCloudModelName()` method in `FirebaseModelOptions`.
* Removed `getLocalModelName()` method in `FirebaseModelOptions`.
### ML Kit for Firebase Natural Language version 18.2.0
* Initial release of the Smart Reply API. To learn more, refer to the ML Kit for Firebase documentation.
### ML Kit for Firebase Natural Language Identification Model version 18.0.3
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### ML Kit for Firebase Smart Reply Model version 18.0.0
* Initial release of the Smart Reply Model.
### ML Kit for Firebase Vision version 19.0.3
* No changes from previous version
### Remote Config version 16.4.1
* The SDK now enforces Android API Key restrictions.
* Resolved known issue where the local cache was not honored even if it had not expired. The issue was introduced in version 16.3.0.
### Firebase Gradle Plugins version 1.2.0
* Updates to the Firebase Gradle Plugins (`firebase-plugins` and `perf-plugin`) for Android Studio 3.x are now available.
This release:
* Provides support for `JDK 11` with ASM API upgrade to "7.0".
* Fixes an issue with build failure when the transform is applied but disabled.
* Removes the requirement that the Firebase Performance Monitoring plugin must be listed after the Android application plugin for it to work.
* Improves the build performance by disabling the instrumentation and making it non-operational when the project property flag `firebasePerformanceInstrumentationEnabled = false` is specified in the `gradle.properties` file.
## Update - March 15, 2019
### Firebase Android BoM version 16.0.0
Firebase Android SDKs mapped to this BoM version:
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:16.0.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ads:17.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:16.4.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:17.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:16.2.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:18.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-functions:16.3.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:17.4.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:16.1.0`
* `com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.9.9`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links:16.1.7`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging:17.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:17.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-model-interpreter:17.0.3`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language:18.1.1`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-natural-language-language-id-model:18.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision:19.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:17.0.2`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-perf:16.2.4`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-database:16.1.0`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-config:16.4.0`
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK version 16.3.0
* Changed the default timeout for callable functions to 70 seconds (#2329).
* Added `setTimeout` and `withTimeout` methods to change the timeout for a callable (#2329).
### Analytics version 16.4.0
* Updates to improve communications with other Firebase SDKs.
The following Firebase Android SDKs have been updated with internal changes to
ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases.
* Firebase core version 16.0.8
* Dynamic Links version 16.1.8
* Invites version 16.1.1
## Update - March 13, 2019
### Ads version 17.2.0
* Updates to the Google Mobile Ads Android SDK and Firebase Ads SDK. Refer to the product release notes.
## Update - March 11, 2019
### Authentication version 16.2.0
* Added an API to allow sign-in via a web-based flow for Generic OAuth providers.
* Improved some error messages and fixed a rare timeout bug.
### Performance Monitoring version 16.2.4
* Fixed a bug that was causing a `NoClassDefFoundError` to be thrown which resulted in intermittent app crashes.
* Updates to make Performance Monitoring work better with the latest version of Firebase Remote Config.
* Firebase Performance Monitoring no longer depends on Google Analytics.
### Remote Config version 16.4.0
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases.
## Update - February 26, 2019
### Cloud Firestore version 18.1.0
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases.
* Fixed calculation of SQLite database size on Android 9 Pie devices. On these devices, the previous method sometimes incorrectly calculated the size by a few MBs, potentially delaying garbage collection.
### Firebase Instance ID version 17.1.0
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases.
### In-App Messaging version 17.1.0
* Adds functionality to programmatically register listeners for updates on in-app engagement (for example, impression, click, display errors). See `FirebaseInAppMessaging.addClickListener()` for more details.
### In-App Messaging-display version 17.1.0
* Adds functionality to programmatically register listeners for updates on in-app engagement (for example, impression, click, display errors). See `FirebaseInAppMessaging.addClickListener()` for more details.
### Cloud Messaging version 17.4.0
* Added `getChannelId` method to `RemoteMessage.Notification` for getting the channel ID set in a notification message.
* Fixed a rare `ClassCastException` while receiving a message.
The following Firebase Android SDKs have been updated with internal changes to
ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases.
* Firebase Common version 16.1.0
* Realtime Database version 16.1.0
* Cloud Storage version 16.1.0
* Cloud Functions version 16.2.0
## Update - February 08, 2019
### Crashlytics version 2.9.9
* Fixed bug that sometimes prevented Analytics events from being automatically written to Crashlytics logs as "breadcrumbs".
* Improved logging output when Crashlytics fails to initialize due to missing build tools.
* Updated Fabric dependency to 1.4.8
## Update - February 7, 2019
### A/B Testing version 17.1.0
* Updated API to support the latest Remote Config update.
### Invites version 16.1.0
* Firebase Invites is now deprecated. For more details and information about migrating to other Firebase products, refer to the Invites migration page.
### Cloud Firestore version 18.0.1
* Fixed an issue where Cloud Firestore would crash if handling write batches larger than 2 MB in size.
* Cloud Firestore now recovers more quickly from long periods without network access.
### Dynamic Links version 16.1.7
* Internal refactor.
### Remote Config version 16.3.0
* The Firebase Remote Config SDK requires the Firebase Remote Config REST API. For Firebase projects created before March 7, 2018, you must manually enable the REST API. For more information, see our Remote Config REST API user guide.
* Refactored the implementation of Remote Config to improve SDK stability and speed, and to remove the Google Play Services dependency.
* Improved error logs and exception messages.
* Updated the Android documentation to reflect that Remote Config uses `Locale` to retrieve location information, similar to iOS's use of `countryCode`.
## Update - January 31, 2019
### ML Kit for Firebase Natural Language version 18.1.1
* Initial release with support for the Language Identification API.
### ML Kit for Firebase Natural Language Identification Model version 18.0.2
* Initial release of the Language Identification Model.
### ML Kit for Firebase Common version 16.2.3
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### ML Kit for Firebase Model Interpreter version 17.0.3
* Versioned only to ensure compatibility with other ML Kit for Firebase SDKs released simultaneously.
### ML Kit for Firebase Vision version 19.0.2
* No changes from previous version
### Firebase Core version 16.0.7
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases.
### Analytics version 16.3.0
* This release adds the ability for an app to specify that an event logged while the app is in the background should be part of the current session and that the session should be prolonged. Sessions now begin when the app is foregrounded, and the setMinimumSessionDuration method is now deprecated.
### Ads version 17.1.3
* Internal changes to ensure functionality alignment with other SDK releases.
## Update - January 30, 2019
### ML Kit for Firebase Common version 16.2.1
* Added the `FirebaseModelManager` class for downloading and managing custom models from the cloud. The class was previously defined under package `com.google.firebase.ml.custom`.
* Added `FirebaseCloudModelSource` and `FirebaseLocalModelSource` classes for defining and registering custom cloud and local models. The classes were previously defined under package `com.google.firebase.ml.custom.model`.
### ML Kit for Firebase Model Interpreter version 17.0.1
* Moved the `FirebaseCloudModelSource` and `FirebaseLocalModelSource` classes for defining and registering custom models to package `com.google.firebase.ml.common.modeldownload`.
* Upgraded TensorFlowLite dependency from 1.10.1 to 1.12.0.
### ML Kit for Firebase Vision version 19.0.0
* Unified and enhanced on-device and cloud Image Labeling API.
## Update - January 25, 2019
### Realtime Database version 16.0.6
* Fixed a potential `NullPointerException` calling method `java.lang.String.toLowerCase`. (https://github.com/firebase/firebase-android-sdk/issues/179)
### Cloud Firestore version 18.0.0
* The `timestampsInSnapshotsEnabled` setting is now enabled by default. Timestamp fields that read from a `DocumentSnapshot` are now returned as `Timestamp` objects instead of `Date` objects. This is a breaking change; developers must update any code that expects to receive a `Date` object. See `FirebaseFirestoreSettings.Builder.setTimestampsInSnapshotsEnabled()` for more details.
* Custom objects (POJOs) can now be passed in several ways: as a field value in `update()`, within `Map<>` objects passed to `set()`, in array transform operations, and in query filters.
* `DocumentSnapshot.get()` now supports retrieving fields as custom objects (POJOs) by passing a `Class<T>` instance, e.g., `snapshot.get("field", CustomType.class)`.
* Fixed an issue where if an app sent a write to the server, but the app was shut down before a listener received the write, the app could crash.
### In-App Messaging version 17.0.5
* Users with restricted API keys can now use the SDK as expected.
### In-App Messaging-display version 17.0.5
* Users with restricted API keys can now use the SDK as expected.
## Update - January 09, 2019
### Remote Config version 16.1.3
* Fixed an issue where Remote Config experiments were not collecting results.
## Update - December 22, 2018
### Crashlytics version 2.9.8
* Fixed bug with `firebase_crashlytics_collection_enabled` flag that erroneously disabled data collection under some circumstances.
## Update - December 19, 2018
### Cloud Firestore version 17.1.5
* Cloud Firestore now recovers more quickly from bad network states.
* Improved performance for reading large collections.
* Offline persistence now properly records schema downgrades. This is a forward-looking change that allows you to safely downgrade from future SDK versions to this version (v17.1.5). You can already safely downgrade versions now depending on the source version. For example, you can safely downgrade from v17.1.4 to v17.1.2 because there are no schema changes between those versions. Related: https://github.com/firebase/firebase-android-sdk/issues/134
### Performance Monitoring version 16.2.3
* Bug fixes.
## Update - December 06, 2018
### Authentication version 16.1.0
* Added an API to customize the dynamic link domain that is used in out-of-band email action flows.
* Bug fixes and internal improvements.
### Cloud Firestore version 17.1.4
* Fixed a SQLite transaction-handling issue that occasionally masked exceptions when Firestore closed a transaction that was never started. For more information, see the issue report in GitHub.
* Fixed a race condition that caused a `SQLiteDatabaseLockedException` when an app attempted to access the SQLite database from multiple threads.
## Update - December 03, 2018
The following Firebase Android SDKs have been updated to support internal
refactoring and bug fixes:
* Analytics version 16.0.6
* Dynamic Links version 16.1.5
* Google Ads version 17.1.2
* Invites version 16.0.6
* Performance Monitoring version 16.2.2
* Remote Config version 16.1.2
## Update - November 29, 2018
### Performance Monitoring version 16.2.1
* SDK size is now smaller.
### ML Kit for Firebase Custom Model version 16.2.4
* Bug fixes and internal improvements.
### ML Kit for Firebase Vision version 18.0.2
* Face contour detection now only returns contours for the most prominent face.
* The face tracking feature is disabled for contour-only detection in `FAST` mode.
* Vision detectors no longer override `finalize()` method.
### App Indexing version 17.1.0
* Apps will need to bump their `compileSdkVersion` to 28 or higher.
* Added `Indexable.Metadata.Builder.setSliceUri()`, which gives developers the ability to provide dynamic and interactive search results, `Slices`, in the Google search app. Note that this method grants permission for the specified Uri to Google Play Services (`com.google.android.gms`), to `bind` to and cache the Slice, and to Google search app (`com.google.android.googlequicksearchbox`), to render the Slice. The client app can revoke Slice permissions to these packages at any time through `SliceManager.revokeSlicePermission()`.
* Deprecated `GeoShapeBuilder.setBox()` and replaced with a varargs `GeoShapeBuilder.setBox()`.
## Update - November 9, 2018
### General
* Updated okhttp versions to 2.7.5 in Open sourced Firebase libraries to fix potential vulnerabilities, as noted in GitHub Issue https://github.com/firebase/firebase-android-sdk/issues/99
## Update - November 2, 2018
### Analytics version 16.0.5
* This release includes minor bug fixes.
* This release includes improvements to startup latency.
### Dynamic Links version 16.1.3
* Fixed an issue that caused short link creation to fail when creating links through `FirebaseDynamicLinks.getInstance().createDynamicLink().buildShortDynamicLink()` using Google Play Services 13.2.80 and FDL SDK 16.1.0. The issue only occurred when creating shortening links from parameters, links created using preconstructed long links from `setLongLink()` were unaffected. This fix also addresses issues in newer versions of Google Play Services.
## Update - October 25, 2018
### General
* Open sourced Firebase libraries are no longer distributed proguarded.
### google-services plugin 4.2.0
* Improved support for instant-app projects.
* Improved version checking mechanism.
* Plugin is now Open Sourced at https://github.com/google/play-services-plugins
### Cloud Firestore version 17.1.2
* Changed how the SDK handles locally-updated documents while syncing those updates with Cloud Firestore servers. This can lead to slight behavior changes and may affect the `SnapshotMetadata.hasPendingWrites()` metadata flag.
* Eliminated superfluous update events for locally cached documents that are known to lag behind the server version. Instead, the SDK buffers these events until the client has caught up with the server.
### In-App Messaging version 17.0.3
* Improved caching logic, added safeguards for cache expiration, and cleaned up API surface to prepare for open sourcing the In-App Messaging-display SDK.
### In-App Messaging-display version 17.0.3
* Improved caching logic, added safeguards for cache expiration, and cleaned up API surface to prepare for open sourcing.
### Performance Monitoring version 16.2.0
* Introduces the Sessions feature, which gives developers access to actionable insights about data captured using Performance Monitoring.
* Minor bug fixes and improvements.
## Update - October 16, 2018
### Remote Config version 16.1.0
* Bug fixes and internal improvements to support Firebase Performance Monitoring features.
### Authentication version 16.0.4
* Bug fixes and internal improvements.
### Firebase Instance ID version 17.0.4
* Fixed an issue that could cause a deadlock during initialization.
### Cloud Messaging version 17.3.4
* Bug fixes and internal improvements.
### ML Kit for Firebase Custom Model version 16.2.3
* Upgraded TensorFlowLite dependency to 1.10.0
### ML Kit for Firebase Vision version 18.0.1
* Added support for face contour detection.
* Changed API for `FirebaseVisionFaceDetectorOptions` to support face countour detection options.
## Update - October 2, 2018
### Realtime Database version 16.0.3
* Fixed an initialization issue that prevented the Realtime Database client from being initialized outside of Android's main thread.
### Cloud Firestore version 17.1.1
* Fixed an issue where the first `get()` call made after being offline could incorrectly return cached data without attempting to reach the backend.
* Changed `get()` to only make one attempt to reach the backend before returning cached data, potentially reducing delays while offline.
* Fixed an issue that caused Firebase to drop empty objects from calls to `set(..., SetOptions.merge())`.
* Updated printf-style templates to ensure that they're compile time constants. Previously, some were influenced by error messages. When those error messages contained `%p` or other, related tokens, `String.format()` would throw an exception.
* Some SDK errors that represent common mistakes, like permission errors or missing indexes, are automatically logged as warnings in addition to being surfaced via the API.
## Update - September 18, 2018
### Cloud Messaging version 17.3.2
* Fixed an issue that would occasionally cause apps to crash with Android Not Responding (ANR) errors when receiving a message.
## Update - September 6, 2018
### Firebase Instance ID version 17.0.1
* Fixed a compatibility issue with Google Cloud Messaging (GCM) libraries, apps using both could experience delayed messages, slow performance, and even device-wide errors.
### Realtime Database version 16.0.2
* This release includes minor fixes and improvements.
### Cloud Storage for Firebase version 16.0.2
* This release includes minor fixes and improvements.
## Update - August 23, 2018
* This release includes minor fixes and improvements to the following SDKs:
* `firebase-core`
* `firebase-crash`
* `firebase-analytics`
* `firebase-dynamic-links`
* `firebase-invites`
## Update - August 22, 2018
### In-App Messaging-display version 17.0.1
* Fixed an issue where Firebase In-App Messaging and Firestore could not be included/built into the same app, because of an obfuscation collision.
### In-App Messaging version 17.0.1
* Fixed an issue where Firebase In-App Messaging and Firestore could not be included/built into the same app, because of an obfuscation collision.
## Update - August 21, 2018
### Cloud Messaging version 17.3.0
* Incremented the version number to 17.3.0 due to internal SDK changes. These changes do not affect client functionality, and developers do not need to take any action.
## Update - August 16, 2018
### In-App Messaging version 17.0.0
* The initial public beta release of the Firebase In-App Messaging SDK for Android is now available. To learn more, see the Firebase In-App Messaging documentation.
## Correction - August 13, 2018
### Cloud Firestore version 17.1.0
* Corrected an issue with methods in the Cloud Firestore v17.0.5 release. To avoid potential errors, don't use v17.0.5.
## Update - August 13, 2018
### google-services plugin 4.1.0
* Improved support for instant-app projects.
### Performance Monitoring version 16.1.0
* Fixed a `SecurityException` crash on certain devices that do not have Google Play Services on them.
### ML Kit for Firebase version 17.0.0
* Unified and enhanced on-device and cloud text recognition API.
* Enhanced cloud document scanning API.
### Cloud Firestore version 17.0.5
* Added `FieldValue.arrayUnion()` and `FieldValue.arrayRemove()` to atomically add and remove elements from an array field in a document.
* Added `Query.whereArrayContains()` query operator to find documents where an array field contains a specific element.
* Improved offline performance with many outstanding writes.
* Firestore will now recover from auth token expiration when the system clock is wrong.
## Update - July 27, 2018
### Cloud Firestore version 17.0.4
* Fixed an issue where queries returned fewer results than they should. The issue related to improper caching, so clients may use extra bandwidth the first time they launch with this version of the SDK, as they re-download cleared cached data.
## Update - July 12, 2018
### Cloud Firestore version 17.0.3
* The `Timestamp` class now implements `Parcelable` in addition to `Comparable`.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK version 16.1.0
* `FirebaseFunctions.getInstance()` now allows passing in an optional region to override the default "us-central1".
* New `useFunctionsEmulator` method allows testing against a local instance of the Cloud Functions Emulator.
### google-services plugin 4.0.2
* Improved support for multi-module builds that require different sets of Firebase dependencies.
### strict-version-matcher plugin 1.0.3
* Improved support for multi-module builds that require different sets of Firebase dependencies.
## Update - June 28, 2018
### Firebase Instance ID version 16.2.0
* Added the `getInstanceId` method to `FirebaseInstanceId`. The method returns a `Task` that can be used to get an `InstanceIdResult` that contains the ID and token.
* Deprecated the `getToken` method of `FirebaseInstanceId` in favor of the newly-introduced `getInstanceId`.
* Deprecated the `FirebaseInstanceIdService` class in favor of overriding the `onNewToken` method of `FirebaseMessagingService`.
### Cloud Messaging version 17.1.0
* Added `onNewToken` method to `FirebaseMessagingService` which is invoked when the app gets a new Instance ID token or its existing token changes.
## Update - June 21, 2018
### Cloud Firestore version 17.0.2
* gRPC requirement updated from 1.8.0 to 1.12.0. This allows quicker failover between Wi-Fi and cellular networks.
### Invites version 16.0.1
* Fixed incompatibility with firebase-core 16.0.1.
## Update - June 14, 2018
### Firebase Core version 16.0.1
* Fixed an issue where Cloud Messaging events weren't logged properly.
### App Indexing version 16.0.1
* Added `AudiobookBuilder` and `BookBuilder` indexable builders to Firebase App Indexing API.
* Enabled custom key-value pairs and the ability to specify the action name and url on the `Action.Builder`.
### Authentication version 16.0.2
* Small fixes for error handling.
## Update - May 24, 2018
### google-services plugin 4.0.1
* Resolves a null pointer exception during dependency tree analysis introduced in 4.0.0.
## Update - June 12, 2018
### General
* Your app gradle file now has to explicitly list `com.google.firebase:firebase-core` as a dependency for Firebase services to work as expected.
* Unless otherwise specified, services' major version increases were made to correct version range issues in their version 15 releases.
### google-services plugin 4.0.0
* The plugin no longer injects a `firebase-core` dependency under any circumstances.
* The plugin is no longer compatible with any Firebase services below version 14.0.0.
* The plugin no longer supports ranged version checking.
* The plugin is now more stable when used on instant apps and apps that use databinding.
### strict-version-matcher plugin 1.0.1
* The plugin is now more stable when used on instant apps and apps that use databinding.
### Cloud Firestore version 17.0.1
* Fixed an issue where `set()` didn't correctly respect `SetOptions.mergeFields()` for data containing `FieldValue.delete()` or `FieldValue.serverTimestamp()` values.
### Realtime Database version 16.0.1
* Added `Nullability` annotations to all public API classes/methods.
### Authentication version 16.0.1
* Added an API to facilitate testing phone authentication.
* Removed the deprecated `getToken()` method from the `FirebaseUser` class. Switch to `getIdToken()` instead, if you haven't already.
### Cloud Storage for Firebase version 16.0.1
* Added support for `onSuccessTask()` and `addOnCanceledListener()` to `StorageTask`, `UploadTask`, `StreamDownloadTask`, and `FileDownloadTask`.
* Removed the deprecated `StorageMetadata.getDownloadUrl()` and `UploadTask.TaskSnapshot.getDownloadUrl()` methods. To get a current download URL, use `StorageReference.getDownloadUr()`.
### ML Kit for Firebase version 16.0.0
* Improved custom model downloading logic to handle user cancellation.
### Cloud Messaging version 17.0.0
* Added `getPriority()` and `getOriginalPriority()` methods to `RemoteMessage`.
* The methods `subscribeToTopic()` and `unsubscribeFromTopic()` on `FirebaseMessaging` now return a `Task` that can be used to see when the request has completed.
## SDK Update - May 8, 2018
### ML Kit for Firebase version 15.0.0
* ML Kit for Firebase is now available for public beta. To learn more, read ML Kit for Firebase.
### Performance Monitoring version 15.2.0
* Performance Monitoring automatic traces now include screen traces, which monitor slow and frozen frames.
* The `incrementCounter()` method of the `Trace` class is now deprecated. Use the new `incrementMetric()` method instead.
## SDK Update - May 2, 2018
### General
* Firebase Android SDKs now have independent version numbers, allowing for more frequent, flexible updates.
* If your app has a dependency on `com.google.firebase:firebase-core:15.0.0` as well as any of the following libraries:
* `com.google.android.gms:play-services-analytics`
* `com.google.android.gms:play-services-appinvite`
* `com.google.android.gms:play-services-tagmanager`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-crash`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-dynamic-links`
* `com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging`
You will need to update the version of the latter dependency to 15.0.2. This
addresses the issue where version 3.3.0 of the Google Services Gradle plugin
reports: `The library com.google.android.gms:play-services-measurement-base is
being requested by various other libraries at [[15.0.0,15.0.0],
[15.0.2,15.0.2]], but resolves to 15.0.2...`
### Analytics version 15.0.2
* Updates for auto-initialization and interoperability with other Firebase libraries.
### Authentication version 15.1.0
* Updates for auto-initialization and interoperability with other Firebase libraries.
* Added the `updateCurrentUser()` method to the `FirebaseAuth` class, to allow copying `FirebaseUser`s from one instance to another.
### Cloud Messaging version 15.0.2
* Updates for auto-initialization and interoperability with other Firebase libraries.
### Cloud Firestore version 16.0.0
* Replaced the `DocumentListenOptions` and `QueryListenOptions` classes with a `MetadataChanges` enum. Instead of calling `addSnapshotListener()` with either of those classes, use the enum:
`addSnapshotListener(MetadataChanges.INCLUDE, ...)`
* `QuerySnapshot.getDocumentChanges()` now optionally takes a `MetadataChanges` enum. By default, metadata-only document changes are suppressed in `getDocumentChanges()`, even when listening to a query with `MetadataChanges.INCLUDE`.
* Added the ability to control whether `DocumentReference.get()` and `Query.get()` should fetch from server only, cache only, or attempt server and fall back to the cache. By default, both methods still attempt server and fall back to the cache.
* Cloud Firestore no longer ProGuards its dependencies, `GRPC` and `protobuf`. As a result, if you use `GRPC` or `protobuf` independent of Firestore, your app will now only include one copy of either library in its final APK. If you don't use ProGuard, your app size will increase by roughly 1MB. You can avoid this increase by running ProGuard on your release builds to remove unneeded methods. To learn how, see Shrink Your Code and Resources.
* Added a `ServerTimestampBehavior` enum to control how `DocumentSnapshot`s return unresolved server timestamps.
### Crash Reporting version 15.0.2
* Firebase Crash Reporting is now deprecated. To monitor crashes in your apps, migrate to Firebase Crashlytics. To learn how, read Upgrade from Crash Reporting.
### Cloud Storage version 15.0.2
* The `getDownloadUrl()` and `getDownloadUrls()` methods of the `StorageMetadata` class are now deprecated. Use `getDownloadUrl()` from `StorageReference` instead.
### Performance Monitoring version 15.1.0
* Updates for auto-initialization and interoperability with other Firebase libraries.
## SDK Version 15.0.0 - April 12, 2018
### Authentication
* Added the `getClaims()` method to the `GetTokenResult` class to expose custom claims on the ID Token of the current user.
### Cloud Storage
* Deprecated the `getDownloadUrl()` and `getDownloadUrls()` methods of the `StorageMetadata` class. Use `StorageReference.getDownloadUrl()` instead.
## SDK Version 12.0.1 - March 28, 2018
This update fixes issues introduced in the v12.0.0 release. For more details,
see the Google Play services 12.0.1 release notes.
## SDK Version 12.0.0 - March 20, 2018
### Authentication
* Added passwordless sign-in through email link as a new sign-in mechanism.
* Play Games is now supported as a sign-in provider. See the integration guide.
### Cloud Messaging
* Added the `setAutoInitEnabled()` and `isAutoInitEnabled()` methods to the `FirebaseMessaging` class to set and check whether FCM auto-initializes. Also added `firebase_messaging_auto_init_enabled` manifest metadata flag for setting auto-initialization preferences from the Android Manifest file.
* Fixed a regression that caused custom notification icons to be rejected on Android 8.0.
### Cloud Firestore
* Firestore now cleanly shuts down idle write streams.
* When the `includeMetadataChanges` option is enabled, snapshot listeners now receive an event, `withsnapshot.metadata.isFromCache`, if the SDK loses or regains its connection to the backend. The event is `true` when the connection is lost and `false` when it's regained.
* `DocumentSnapshot.getData()` now returns `null` instead of throwing an exception when you use the method on non-existant documents. If you'd like to minimize number of null-checks in your code, use the new `QueryDocumentSnapshot` class instead.
* Added the `disableNetwork()` and `enableNetwork()` methods to the `FirebaseFirestore` class, allowing for explicit network management.
* Firestore queries can now accept Timestamp as an argument.
* Fixed a regression that sometimes resulted in an "OnlineState could not affect limbo documents" assertion crash when a client lost its network connection.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* This release contains the new Firebase Functions Client SDK, with support for HTTPS Callable Functions. See Call Functions from Your App.
## SDK Version 11.8.0 - December 18, 2017
### App Indexing
* Added the `PlaceBuilder` class that represents a general geographic location.
* Added the `setDurationWatched()` method to the `VideoObjectBuilder` class, which lets you set the amount of time, in seconds, that the users has already watched.
* Added the the `VideoObjectBuilder.setLocationCreated()` and `PhotographObjectBuilder.setLocationCreated()` methods to set when videos and photos, respectively, were created.
* The `messageAttachment` filed `MessageBuilder` takes `Indexable`.
### Authentication
* Added the ability to use Google Play Games as a sign-in provider in your Firebase Project.
### Cloud Messaging
* Fixed an internal `NullPointerException` caused by a call to `NetworkInfo.isConnected()`.
* Fixed compatibility issues with Google Play services version 12.0.
* Added a check that keeps track of recently received messages and ignores any duplicates.
### Performance Monitoring
* Performance Monitoring now includes the ability to define custom attributes for data segmentation. To learn more, see Monitor Custom Attributes.
* You can now include specific network requests in Performance Monitoring. To learn how, read Add monitoring for specific network requests.
## SDK Version 11.6.2 - November 27, 2017
### Cloud Firestore
* Firestore now retries requests more often before considering a client offline.
### Cloud Storage
* Streaming uploads that fail validation include the original error in their stacktrace.
* Firebase Storage can take advantage of the total available system memory to increase upload performance.
## SDK Version 11.6.0 - November 6, 2017
### App Indexing
* Added `PhotographBuilder` and `VideoObjectBuilder` indexable builders to Firebase App Indexing API.
* Added `Scope` metadata attribute to allow developers to explicitly opt-in so that the inxexable can be uploaded to the cloud and shared with other devices.
### Analytics
* Added the `resetAnalyticsData()` method to allow developers to clear all Analytics data associated with an app user on the device and to reset their app instance id.
### Authentication
* Added user metadata to `FirebaseUser` to help determine if the user is new.
* Added the ability to get a `PhoneAuthCredential` from a `FirebaseAuthUserCollisionException` if linking a phone number fails to prevent the need to send a second text message.
### Cloud Messaging
* If your app crashes or doesn't respond, Firebase Cloud Messaging (FCM) now tries to redeliver missed messages after a short delay. This change is automatic, and doesn't require any updates to your code.
* `FirebaseInstanceIdInternalReceiver` has been removed from the SDK's automatically-merged AndroidManifest. If you weren't using Gradle or its manifest automerging feature and were adding this receiver manually, you can now remove it.
* Improved FCM token fetch logic so that the FCM token is now created faster and with less battery drain.
### Dynamic Links
* Fixed an undercounting issue where `dynamic_link_app_open` wasn't being logged to Google Analytics when the app was opened after being updated due to a link.
* Deprecated `Warning.getCode()`. `Warning.getMessage()` now returns all necessary information about the warning and how to correct it.
* Clarified documentation for `DynamicLink.Builder.setLongLink()` to indicate that it's used to shorten a preconstructed long FDL.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added support for deserializing field types with wildcard generic parameters (e.g. `kotlin.Map`).
* Improved validation of nested arrays to allow for indirect nesting.
* You can now use `FieldValue.delete()` with `SetOptions.merge()`.
### Performance Monitoring
* Separated rate limiting for `TraceMetric` and `NetworkRequestMetric`:
* `TraceMetric`: limited to 300 logs per 10 minutes in foreground and 30 logs per 10 minutes in background.
* `NetworkRequestMetric`: limited to 700 logs per 10 minutes in foreground and 70 logs per 10 minutes in background.
## SDK Version 11.4.2 - October 3, 2017
### Cloud Firestore
* The initial public beta release of the Cloud Firestore SDK for Android is now available. To learn more, see the Cloud Firestore documentation or go directly to the Quickstart.
## SDK Version 11.4.0 - September 18, 2017
### App Indexing
* Added the ability to index sticker assets for Gboard, using the new `StickerBuilder` and `StickerPackBuilder` classes. To learn more, see Create stickers for Gboard on Google Play.
### Authentication
* You can now redirect users after email-based actions, like password resets or email verifications, by providing an app link with custom state to the new `ActionCodeSettings` class.
* You can now specify a language for emails and text messages sent from your apps using `useAppLanguage()` or `setLanguageCode()`.
### Test Lab
* Adjusted the IP addresses used by Test Lab devices. If your app works with digital advertising providers, contact them to make sure their filters are up-to-date. For the new addresses, see Test Lab and mobile advertising.
## SDK Version 11.2.2 - September 05, 2017
### Performance Monitoring
* Improved logging to be more actionable and describe why a performance network request metric is not recorded when it occurs.
* Increased character limits for trace and counter names. Names can now be up to 100 characters.
## SDK Version 11.2.0 - August 14, 2017
### App Indexing
* The Firebase App Indexing API now sends updates for the on-device index through broadcasts to apps instead of starting a service. This change improves compatibility on Android O. See the updated instructions to modify your personal content indexing implementation.
### Realtime Database
* Improved latency for the initial `getReference()` call.
### Dynamic Links
* Added `setNavigationInfoParameters()` method to the `DynamicLink.Builder` class.
* Added `DynamicLink.NavigationInfoParameters.Builder` class and corresponding `DynamicLink.NavigationInfoParameters`.
### Cloud Storage
* You can now clear metadata for your Storage objects by setting the values in `StorageMetadata.Builder` to null.
* The stack trace for cancelled downloads now points to the code location where the cancellation was requested.
## SDK Version 11.0.4 - July 26, 2017
### Cloud Messaging
* Fixed a regression causing apps running on secondary user profiles and Android For Work user profiles to not receive the FCM registration token.
### Performance Monitoring
* Fixed instances where app startup times included background thread time not caused by interactions.
## SDK Version 11.0.2 - June 29, 2017
### Performance Monitoring
* Fixed a variety of minor issues, most of which relate to HTTP/S network request monitoring.
### Crash Reporting
* Reduced the resources required to initialize Crash Reporting.
## June 19, 2017
### Test Lab
* Game test loop and Robo test now support the App Licensing service offered by Google Play for apps in the production channel. To successfully check licensing when testing your app with Test Lab, you must publish your app to the production channel in the Play store. To test your app in the alpha or beta channel using Test Lab, remove the licensing check before uploading your app to Test Lab.
## SDK Version 11.0.0 - June 7, 2017
### Firebase SDK for Android
* Added the `setProjectId()` method to the `FirebaseOptions` class. This method sets the Firebase project or Google Cloud project ID for an app.
### Analytics
* The `AppMeasurementJobService` class is now available. It provides a `[JobService](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/app/job/JobService.html)` to Analytics.
* Analytics now supports analytics for Android Instant Apps. Specifically, instant apps will log a `first_visit` event instead of a `first_open` event and a `first_visit_time` event instead of a `first_open_time` event.
* The following events is now reserved as part of the integration of Analytics with AdMob : `ad_impression`, `ad_click`, `ad_query ad_exposure`, `adunit_exposure`, and `ad_activeiew`.
* The `screen_view` event is now reserved and is logged as a result of screen-tracking. To learn more about screen-tracking, see Track Screenviews.
### Authentication
* Firebase Authentication Using Phone Numbers is now available!
* Added the `getPhoneNumber()` and `updatePhoneNumber()` methods to the `FirebaseUser` class, and also added the `getPhoneNumber()` method to the `UserInfo` class. These methods get and update the phone numbers of users.
* Added the `PhoneAuthCredential`, `PhoneAuthProvider`, `PhoneAuthProvider.ForceResendingToken`, and `PhoneAuthProvider.OnVerificationStateChangedCallbacks` classes to support authentication using phone numbers.
* To learn more, see Authenticate with Firebase using Phone Numbers on Android.
* Added the `getIdToken()`method to the `FirebaseUser` class. This method gets an Authentication ID token for the user, and replaces the `getToken()`method, which is now deprecated.
* Added the `reauthenticateAndRetrieveData()`method to the `FirebaseUser` class. This method re-authenticates a user and returns the profile data for that user's account.
* Added the `AdditionalUserInfo` class. This class provides storage for ID provider-specific user data for the following ID providers: Facebook, GitHub, Twitter and Google.
* Added the `getAdditionalUserInfo()` method to the `AuthResult` class. This method returns ID provider-specific user data contained in an `AdditionalUser` object.
* Added the `FirebaseAuth.IdTokenListener` class. This class creates a listener that is called when the ID token changes, such as when a user signs in or signs out.
* Added the `addIdTokenListener()` and `removeIdTokenListener()` methods to the FirebaseAuth class. These methods register or unregister `FirebaseAuth.IdTokenListener` objects.
* Added the `FirebaseAuthEmailException` class. This class represents an exception that results from attempting to send an email message using Firebase Authentication.
* Added the `OAuthProvider` class. This class represents the login authentication provider for a generic OAuth2 provider.
### Crash Reporting
* Added the `isCrashCollectionEnabled()` method to the `FirebaseCrash` class. This method determines whether Crash Reporting is enabled or disabled.
* Added the `setCrashCollectionEnabled()` method to the `FirebaseCrash` class. This method enables or disables Crash Reporting.
### App Indexing
* The `AndroidAppUri` class is now available in the `com.google.firebase.appindexing` package. This class also exists in the deprecated `com.google.android.gms.appindexing` package.
* Added the `AggregateRatingBuilder`, `GeoShapeBuilder`, `LocalBusinessBuilder`, `PostalAddressBuilder`, `ReservationBuilder` and `RestaurantBuilder` classes. These classes construct various types of `Indexable` objects. To learn more about the data contained in these `Indexable` objects, see AggregateRating, GeoShape, LocalBusiness, PostalAddress, Reservation, and Restaurant.
* Added the `aggregateRatingBuilder()`, `geoShapeBuilder()`, `localBusinessBuilder()`, `postalAddressBuilder()`, `reservationBuilder()` and `restaurantBuilder()` methods to the `Indexables` class. These methods create various types of `Indexable` objects.
### Dynamic Links
* Added the `DynamicLink` and `DynamicLink.Builder` classes. These classes are used for constructing Dynamic Links, with a set of methods for setting various types of Dynamic Link parameters. Also added the following related classes:
* `DynamicLink.IosParameters` and `DynamicLink.IosParameters.Builder`
* `DynamicLink.AndroidParameters` and `DynamicLink.AndroidParameters.Builder`
* `DynamicLink.GoogleAnalyticsParameters` and `DynamicLink.GoogleAnalyticsParameters.Builder`
* `DynamicLink.ItunesConnectAnalyticsParameters` and `DynamicLink.ItunesConnectAnalyticsParameters.Builder`
* `DynamicLink.SocialMetaTagParameters` and `DynamicLink.SocialMetaTagParameters.Builder`
* Added the `FirebaseDynamicLinks` class. This class provides access to Dynamic Links that are received by an app at launch.
* Added the `PendingDynamicLinkData` class. This class provides accessor methods to Dynamic Link data.
* Added the `ShortDynamicLink`, `ShortDynamicLink.Suffix,`and `ShortDynamicLink.Warning` classes. These classes provide short dynamic links, an option for generating short dynamic link URLs, and warnings related to short Dynamic Links.
### Invites
* Added the `FirebaseAppInvite` class. This class replaces the `AppInvite` class, which is now deprecated.
## SDK Version 10.2.6 - May 17, 2017
### Performance Monitoring
* The initial public beta release of the Firebase Performance Monitoring SDK for Android is now available.To get started with this SDK, see Get Started with Firebase Performance Monitoring for Android.
### Test Lab
* Performance metrics are now available when you run tests using Firebase Test Lab for Android on physical devices with API level 21 and higher. The following metrics are available:
* For all apps: CPU usage, memory usage, and network activity (send/receive)
* For games that use the `SurfaceView` class, frames per second (fps) are also measured.
* Firebase Test Lab now has beta support for testing Android games created using game frameworks (for example, Unity) if those games include game test loops. To learn more, see Firebase Test Lab Game Test Loops.
### Cloud Messaging
* Added support for Android O notification channels. Android clients can specify a default notification channel in the application manifest which will be used if the downstream message does not contain a `notification_channel` parameter.
## SDK Version 10.2.4 - April 28, 2017
### Cloud Storage
* The `getParent()` method now returns `null` if called on the root of a Cloud Storage path, aligning the behavior of the Android SDK with other Cloud Storage SDKs.
* The `getDownloadURL()` method now correctly escapes spaces in URLs as `%20`, rather than `+`.
## SDK Version 10.2.1 - March 21, 2017
### Cloud Messaging
* The Firebase Android SDK (v10.2.1) includes updates to provide compatibility with Android O Developer Preview 1. The most significant updates are internal changes to the Firebase Cloud Messaging (FCM) libraries and a change in the guaranteed lifecycle of FCM callbacks to 10 seconds, after which Android O considers such callbacks eligible for termination. For more information on handling FCM messages on Android O, see The Firebase Blog.
## SDK Version 10.2 - February 15, 2017
### Analytics
* Added the ability to log events used to supply referral details of a re-engagement campaign to the `FirebaseAnalytics.Event` class and related parameters to the `FirebaseAnalytics.Param` class.
* Added the ability to get app instance IDs using the `getAppInstanceId()` method in the `FirebaseAnalytics` class.
### Realtime Database
* Added the ability to get the Firebase Database instance for a given URL using the `getInstance()` method in the `FirebaseDatabase` class.
### Test Lab
* Robo test can now complete sign-in screens that use test account credentials that you provide when you configure your test matrix, both in the Firebase console, and using the gcloud command-line.
* Added support for saving test matrix templates for future use in the Firebase console.
## February 8, 2017
### Test Lab
* Low-resolution medium DPI (MDPI) virtual devices are now available in Test Lab. You can run Robo test and instrumentation tests on your app more quickly with the Test Lab generic low-resolution MDPI phone virtual device than with other virtual devices. The MDPI virtual device is available on API levels 23, 24 and 25. To use this device from the gcloud command-line interface, use the `NexusLowRes` model ID.
## February 7, 2017
### Crash Reporting
* The Crash Reporting gradle plugin for Android version 1.0.5 is now available. This update adds the ability to specify Gradle properties to use when uploading a ProGuard mapping file, and also removes the requirement to use a `google-services.json` file in your app. To learn more, see Uploading ProGuard Mapping Files with Gradle.
## January 17, 2017
* The Firebase console now lets you select the specific device and Android API level combinations to use when testing your app. This makes it easy to focus your testing; for example, when you are validating a bug fix.
## December 15, 2016
* The Crash Reporting gradle plugin for Android is now available. This plugin simplifies the process of uploading ProGuard mapping files for the deobfuscation of stack traces. To learn more, see Uploading ProGuard Mapping Files with Gradle.
## SDK Version 10.0 - November 21, 2016
### Analytics
* Increased the maximum length of event names and parameter name to 40 characters, and the maximum length of string parameter values to 100 characters.
### Authentication
* Added APIs to support out-of-band codes that can be used to reset passwords, verify identity using email, and recover access to email. To learn more, see the API reference documentation for the ActionCodeResult and FirebaseAuthActionCodeException classes.
### Firebase Test Lab
* Test Lab provides virtual devices running the latest build of Android 7.1 Preview. You can run tests on these devices as often as you need, at no cost, until the end of the Developer Preview in December. To learn more, see Test the Android 7.1 Preview with Firebase Test Lab.
### App Indexing
* The new Firebase App Indexing SDK lets apps add a personal content index and log user actions, in addition to making your app discoverable by Google Search. To use the new App Indexing SDK, update your Gradle dependency to `com.google.firebase:firebase-appindexing:10.0.0`. For more information, see the Firebase App Indexing Introduction and the Firebase App Indexing API Reference.
### Cloud Messaging
* Fixed an issue that caused extra alarms to be incorrectly set, resulting in crashes with Too Many Alarms in the stack trace on some Samsung devices.
## SDK Version 9.8 - October 24, 2016
### Analytics
* Added screen tracking support. Each app's current Activity is automatically tracked. The current screen is tracked with the `firebase_screen_class` parameter with every logged event, which provides valuable context. In addition to automatic screen tracking, you can manually track screens using the FirebaseAnalytics#setCurrentScreen method. This adds the `firebase_screen` parameter to every event logged while those screens are visible to app users.
### Cloud Messaging
* Improved the reliability of message delivery to Android Wear devices that are paired with an iOS device.
* Added the ability to customize the default notification icon and color using `AndroidManifest.xml` metadata.
### Cloud Storage
* Added the `StorageTask#addOnCompleteListener` API that informs you when a Task completes or fails, and the `StorageTask#continueWith` API that supports creating app logic with chained dependencies.
* Fixed an issue that could cause an exception when uploads or downloads time out when a device's WiFi is off.
## SDK Version 9.6 - September 21, 2016
### Analytics
* Added tracking for the source of app install referrals when an app with Analytics is installed from the Play Store.
* Existing users who update to an Analytics-enabled version of an app are no longer included in `first_open` metrics. This correction could cause a drop in `first_open` metrics.
* Conversion events are now uploaded within seconds of being logged.
### Cloud Messaging
* Fixed an issue that caused apps using Cloud Messaging to crash due to a race condition, and that resulted in a `NullPointerException` and a `ConcurrentModificationException`.
### Authentication
* Added new API methods, `FirebaseUser#sendEmailVerification()` and `FirebaseUser#isEmailVerified()` to verify a user's email address.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue that could cause Realtime Database access tokens to expire, resulting in `Authentication failed: invalid_token` errors.
* Fixed a `hardAssert failed` exception that could occur when offline persistence is enabled and certain `startAt()` and `endAt()` queries were used.
* Fixed an issue that caused Android apps to cancel unsent transactions when disconnecting from Firebase Realtime Database, rather than queuing them to be sent later.
* Fixed an issue where passing a derived class to `DatabaseReference#setValue()` did not correctly save the properties from the superclass.
* Updated the `DatabaseReference#updateChildren()` method to accept Java objects (POJOs), providing parity with the handling of these objects by the `setValue()`method.
### Dynamic Links
* Analytics events are now automatically logged when users open your app from a Dynamic Link, open your app for the first time from a Dynamic Link, and update your app from a Dynamic Link.
## SDK Version 9.4 - August 1, 2016
### Cloud Messaging
Note: the Notifications composer uses the Cloud Messaging SDK.
* Expanded gestures are now supported for messages, allowing the Android UI to display multiple lines when the body of a notification exceeds a single line.
* Fixed a bug that causes a `NullPointerException` in some multi-process configurations.
* `RemoteMessage#getMessageId()` now returns the correct message-id for received messages. Previously, it returned `null`.
### Remote Config
* Updated the handling of Remote Config data (including parameters and metadata such as fetch history) to remove app data when an app is un-installed or when the app user deletes app data.
* Added the `getKeysByPrefix()` API method to allow developers to find parameter keys based on a key prefix.
### Firebase console
* The following unused fields are no longer included in `google-services.json` files: `cloud_messaging_service`, `google_signin_service` and `ads_service`.
## SDK Version 9.2 - June 27, 2016
### Authentication
* Minor improvements to error handling and error messages.
### Crash Reporting
* Fixed an issue that caused apps that call `FirebaseCrash.log`, `FirebaseCrash.logcat` and `FirebaseCrash.report` to crash if installed on a device that does not have Google Play services installed.
### Realtime Database
* You can now use a new `@PropertyName` attribute to specify the name to use when serializing a field from a Java model class to the Database. This replaces the `@JsonProperty` attribute.
### Dynamic Links
* Firebase SDK for Android:
* Google Analytics now logs all app open events driven from user clicks on Dynamic Links.
Send feedback
Except as otherwise noted, the content of this page is licensed under the
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License, and code samples are licensed under
the Apache 2.0 License. For details, see the Google Developers Site Policies.
Java is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Last updated 2023-02-11 UTC.
[{ "type": "thumb-down", "id": "missingTheInformationINeed", "label":"Missing
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*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate. Executive Order 135 §6 states that for "census years" (years divisible by 10) the reference date would be May 1st, but for all other years, the reference date is to be the "middle of the year". This means that growth rates, although correct, are not necessarily simple year-on-year comparisons.
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
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*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
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*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
*[11:24 ngày 21/2/23]:
*[18:45 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[14:42 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[17:56 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[11:21 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[11:39 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[11:35 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[08:31 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[14:01 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[13:28 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[12:15 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[08:44 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[Ref.]: References
*[PSGC]: Philippine Standard Geographic Code
*[SEC]: Securities and Exchange Commission
*[RTC]: Regional Trial Court
*[Crim.]: Criminal
*[ BBC ]: British Broadcasting Corporation
*[Barangay]: Total number of barangays
*[(DK)]: Denmark
*[(NO)]: Norway
*[(GB)]: United Kingdom
*[(IL)]: Israel
*[(FI)]: Finland
*[(HU)]: Hungary
*[(AU)]: Australia
*[(US)]: United States
*[(CA)]: Canada
*[(MU)]: Mauritius
*[(BB)]: Barbados
*[(KR)]: South Korea
*[(PK)]: Pakistan
*[(MR)]: Mauritania
|
spiderum_text/4248 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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#### Trên tay Boox Tab X: tablet E Ink cấu hình mạnh
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#### Lại nói về camera 1” trên smartphone: Xiaomi, Vivo ngon, Sony, Leica bỏ
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1. #### Trên tay MSI Pro DP10 13M: PC nhỏ gọn với nền tảng Intel Raptor Lake P, Wi-Fi 6E và Thunderbolt 4
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nền tảng Intel Raptor Lake P mới nhất và cũng là chiếc máy tính sở hữu Core
i7-1360P đầu…
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70mai Việt Nam ra mắt “siêu phẩm” camera hành trình ô tô 70mai Omni X200 tại
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cũng đã bị đứt, ở khúc S2.7 nối BU12 - Singapore. Vậy là ở thời điểm hiện tại,
cả 5/5 tuyến cáp quang biển ở VN đều bị sự cố. Các ISP cho biết họ đang điều
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phải điện thoại của họ kêu không. Việc này làm mình chợt nhận ra là hầu hết
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thanhtung6868thanhtung6868
xe.tinhte.vnXe Tinh tế
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#ios
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Thủ thuật Tinh tế
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5. Video
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1. Nội quy diễn đàn
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4. Hỗ trợ, hướng dẫn
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2. ### Cộng đồng
1. Điện thoại
2. Máy tính
3. Camera
4. Xe
5. Khoa học công nghệ
3. ### Nhật Tảo
1. Mua bán điện thoại
2. Mua bán máy tính
3. Mua bán máy tính bảng
4. Mua bán camera
5. Mua bán đồng hồ thông minh
6. Mua bán xe
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4. ### Liên kết
1. Cà phê Tinh tế
2. Khắc tên
3. ChiMua.vn
4. 1Tudien
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6. 5Giay
7. Webtretho
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1. Facebook
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* Chịu trách nhiệm nội dung: Trần Mạnh Hiệp
* © 2023 Công ty Cổ phần MXH Tinh Tế
* Địa chỉ: Số 70 Bà Huyện Thanh Quan, P. Võ Thị Sáu, Quận 3, TPHCM
* Số điện thoại: 02862713156
* MST: 0313255119
* Giấy phép thiết lập MXH số 11/GP-BTTTT, Ký ngày: 08/01/2019
*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
|
spiderum_text/1516 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
### Đăng nhập & Đăng ký
5giay - Sàn Mua Bán Online
Trang chủ 5Giay > Giới thiệu & Góp ý > Giới Thiệu về 5giay.vn >
### Tìm kiếm bài viết theo id
# <2014> 5giay đạt giải 1"Sàn giao dịch thương mại điện tử tiêu biểu 2014"
Thảo luận trong 'Giới Thiệu về 5giay.vn' bắt đầu bởi Nhat Nguyet, 5/2/15.
ID Topic : 7823941
Công cụ chủ đề
### Công cụ chủ đề
Ngày đăng:
5/2/15 lúc 10:40
1. ### Nhat Nguyet Thành Viên Kim Cương Thành viên BQT
Tham gia ngày:
3/6/04
Bài viết:
10,768
> Sàn giao dịch thương mại điện tử tiêu biểu:
> Website http://www.5giay.vn của Công ty TNHH TM và DV Tin Học Nhật Nguyệt
> với1.626 tổng lượt bình chọn, chiếm 34,4% lượt bình chọn trong hạng mục.
> <2014> 5giay đạt giải 1Sàn giao dịch thương mại điện tử tiêu biểu 2014
>
> <2014> 5giay đạt giải 1Sàn giao dịch thương mại điện tử tiêu biểu 2014 - 1
> Đại diện 5giay ,anh Hồ Anh Tùng (thứ 2 từ trái sang) lên nhận giải.
>
> Thành viên 5giay,anh Võ Văn Quân(dự đoán gần đúng nhất Sàn giao dịchThương
> mại điện tử) đã được nhận giải đặc biệt 1 chiếc iPhone 6 của nhà tài trợ
> Hnam mobile .
> <2014> 5giay đạt giải 1Sàn giao dịch thương mại điện tử tiêu biểu 2014 - 2
> <2014> 5giay đạt giải 1Sàn giao dịch thương mại điện tử tiêu biểu 2014 - 3
>
>
> Anh Đào Hùng Dũng đại diện 5giay.vn đã trao giải thưởng cho anh Võ Văn Quân
> <2014> 5giay đạt giải 1Sàn giao dịch thương mại điện tử tiêu biểu 2014 - 4
>
>
> Anh Quân khui seal check hàng ngay tại chỗ iPhone 6 của nhà tài trợ
> Hnammobile
>
>
> <2014> 5giay đạt giải 1Sàn giao dịch thương mại điện tử tiêu biểu 2014 - 5
>
> Cám ơn thành viên 5giay bình chọn cho 5giay,nhà tài trợ Hnammobile và Sở
> Công Thương đã tổ chức chương trình này.
>
Nội quy 5giay ở đây http://www.5giay.vn/noi-qui-thong-bao/357-noi-quy-
cua-5giay-vn.html
5giay.com - Tìm kiếm sản phẩm tại 5giay.vn
Nhat Nguyet, 5/2/15 lúc 10:40
#1
tỷ phú tương lai, thanglaptoptk and baochau_htq like this.
2. Tiện ích Mua-Bán trên 5giay.vn (Mobifone, Vinafone, Viettel)
UP 7823941 gửi 8177 UP 7823941 HOT gửi 8577
Topic của bạn sẽ lên đầu Topic của bạn sẽ có 5giay hot nổi bật
5GIAY 0 gửi 8777
Nạp tài khoản & Lên lịch Up topic tự động
Đang tải...
## Có thể bạn quan tâm
1. 5giay - Quá trình hình thành và phát triển
### 5giay - Quá trình hình thành và phát triển
Bởi: 5giay.com, 18/3/08, trong diễn đàn: Giới Thiệu về 5giay.vn
2. Giới thiệu về Five.vn Mua nhanh bán dễ qua smartphone
### Giới thiệu về Five.vn Mua nhanh bán dễ qua smartphone
Bởi: Nhat Nguyet, 2/10/17, trong diễn đàn: Giới Thiệu về 5giay.vn
3. 10 điều sinh ra số 5
### 10 điều sinh ra số 5
Bởi: Nhat Nguyet, 18/2/08, trong diễn đàn: Giới Thiệu về 5giay.vn
3. ### thuynga001 Thành Viên Cấp 2
> Chúc mừng 5giây! Ngày càng uy tín và phát triển hơn nữa!<2014> 5giay đạt
> giải 1Sàn giao dịch thương mại điện tử tiêu biểu 2014
>
thuynga001, 5/2/15 lúc 15:55
#2
4. ### hong.son05 Thành Viên Cấp 4
> Chúc mừng 5 giây, ngày càng phát triển... <2014> 5giay đạt giải 1Sàn giao
> dịch thương mại điện tử tiêu biểu 2014
>
hong.son05, 5/2/15 lúc 16:52
#3
5. ### BỐ GIÀ CFC Thành Viên Cấp 4
> sao hên quá dzậy???????
>
BỐ GIÀ CFC, 6/2/15 lúc 19:08
#4
6. ### thegioisohoa_ Thành Viên Bạch Kim
> 5giay.vn - Nơi đặt niềm tin mua sắm <2014> 5giay đạt giải 1Sàn giao dịch
> thương mại điện tử tiêu biểu 2014
>
thegioisohoa_, 7/2/15 lúc 13:28
#5
7. ### chaubichthao Thành Viên Cấp 4
> Chúc mừng 5giay. Hi vọng năm mới sẽ đem lại nhiều thú vị cho thành viên.
>
chaubichthao, 9/2/15 lúc 16:42
#6
8. Xem thêm bình luận
9. ### Tiến-Q4 UY TÍN TẠO NIỀM TIN
> luôn ủng hộ 5giay.vn
>
Tiến-Q4, 9/2/15 lúc 23:36
#7
10. ### dao van duy Thành Viên Cấp 2
> ban ga tre 1k1 an 5 cai
>
dao van duy, 11/2/15 lúc 17:06
#8
11. ### dao van duy Thành Viên Cấp 2
> ga tre 1k1 an 5cai <2014> 5giay đạt giải 1Sàn giao dịch thương mại điện tử
> tiêu biểu 2014[video]youtube.com[/video]
>
dao van duy, 11/2/15 lúc 17:17
#9
12. ### Nhat Nguyet Thành Viên Kim Cương Thành viên BQT
> Chuẩn bị cho năm 2015 tiếp đây
>
Nhat Nguyet, 17/11/15 lúc 15:19
#10
13. ### Phát Cường Mobile PhatCuongMobile.com
> sếp thật là đẹp trai hehe
>
Phát Cường Mobile, 21/11/15 lúc 09:03
#11
14. ### Nguyễn Anh Cường BĐS Thành Viên Mới
> cảm ơn 5giay.vn đã tạo điều kiện phát triển cho những thành viên như tôi
> <2014> 5giay đạt giải 1Sàn giao dịch thương mại điện tử tiêu biểu 2014
>
Nguyễn Anh Cường BĐS, 3/12/15 lúc 15:51
#12
15. ### pandagau169 Thành Viên Cấp 4
> luôn ủng hộ 5giay.vn
>
pandagau169, 23/2/16 lúc 13:35
#13
16. ### lbn1987 Thành Viên Cấp 3
> Hy vọng 5s tiếp tục phát triển
>
lbn1987, 1/3/18 lúc 17:09
#14
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### Tìm kiếm bài viết theo id
5giay - Sàn Mua Bán Online
Trang chủ 5Giay > Giới thiệu & Góp ý > Giới Thiệu về 5giay.vn >
### Tình hình diễn đàn
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Liên hệ quảng cáo : 0942.788.830 (Mr. Tới),
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Email: [email protected]
Báo Giá Quảng Cáo
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(Quản lý website - không bán hàng)
Trụ sở:114 Đường số 2 Cư Xá Đô Thành P.4,Q.3,Tp.HCM
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Cơ quan cấp ĐKKD: Sở Kế Hoạch & Đầu Tư Tp. HCM
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*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
|
spiderum_text/1964 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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information and put you in control.
This Privacy Policy is meant to help you understand what information we
collect, why we collect it, and how you can update, manage, export, and delete
your information.
Privacy Checkup
Looking to change your privacy settings?
Take the Privacy Checkup
Effective December 15, 2022 | Archived versions | Download PDF
## Contents
Introduction
Information Google collects
Why Google collects data
Your privacy controls
Sharing your information
Keeping your information secure
Exporting & deleting your information
Retaining your information
Compliance & cooperation with regulators
About this policy
Related privacy practices
We build a range of services that help millions of people daily to explore and
interact with the world in new ways. Our services include:
* Google apps, sites, and devices, like Search, YouTube, and Google Home
* Platforms like the Chrome browser and Android operating system
* Products that are integrated into third-party apps and sites, like ads, analytics, and embedded Google Maps
You can use our services in a variety of ways to manage your privacy. For
example, you can sign up for a Google Account if you want to create and manage
content like emails and photos, or see more relevant search results. And you
can use many Google services when you’re signed out or without creating an
account at all, like searching on Google or watching YouTube videos. You can
also choose to browse the web in a private mode, like Chrome Incognito mode.
And across our services, you can adjust your privacy settings to control what
we collect and how your information is used.
To help explain things as clearly as possible, we’ve added examples,
explanatory videos, and definitions for key terms. And if you have any
questions about this Privacy Policy, you can contact us.
# Information Google collects
We want you to understand the types of information we collect as you use our
services
We collect information to provide better services to all our users — from
figuring out basic stuff like which language you speak, to more complex things
like which ads you’ll find most useful, the people who matter most to you
online, or which YouTube videos you might like. The information Google
collects, and how that information is used, depends on how you use our
services and how you manage your privacy controls.
When you’re not signed in to a Google Account, we store the information we
collect with unique identifiers tied to the browser, application, or device
you’re using. This allows us to do things like maintain your preferences
across browsing sessions, such as your preferred language or whether to show
you more relevant search results or ads based on your activity.
When you’re signed in, we also collect information that we store with your
Google Account, which we treat as personal information.
## Things you create or provide to us
When you create a Google Account, you provide us with personal information
that includes your name and a password. You can also choose to add a phone
number or payment information to your account. Even if you aren’t signed in to
a Google Account, you might choose to provide us with information — like an
email address to communicate with Google or receive updates about our
services.
We also collect the content you create, upload, or receive from others when
using our services. This includes things like email you write and receive,
photos and videos you save, docs and spreadsheets you create, and comments you
make on YouTube videos.
## Information we collect as you use our services
### Your apps, browsers & devices
We collect information about the apps, browsers, and devices you use to access
Google services, which helps us provide features like automatic product
updates and dimming your screen if your battery runs low.
The information we collect includes unique identifiers, browser type and
settings, device type and settings, operating system, mobile network
information including carrier name and phone number, and application version
number. We also collect information about the interaction of your apps,
browsers, and devices with our services, including IP address, crash reports,
system activity, and the date, time, and referrer URL of your request.
We collect this information when a Google service on your device contacts our
servers — for example, when you install an app from the Play Store or when a
service checks for automatic updates. If you’re using an Android device with
Google apps, your device periodically contacts Google servers to provide
information about your device and connection to our services. This information
includes things like your device type and carrier name, crash reports, which
apps you've installed, and, depending on your device settings, other
information about how you’re using your Android device.
### Your activity
We collect information about your activity in our services, which we use to do
things like recommend a YouTube video you might like. The activity information
we collect may include:
* Terms you search for
* Videos you watch
* Views and interactions with content and ads
* Voice and audio information
* Purchase activity
* People with whom you communicate or share content
* Activity on third-party sites and apps that use our services
* Chrome browsing history you’ve synced with your Google Account
If you use our services to make and receive calls or send and receive
messages, we may collect call and message log information like your phone
number, calling-party number, receiving-party number, forwarding numbers,
sender and recipient email address, time and date of calls and messages,
duration of calls, routing information, and types and volumes of calls and
messages.
You can visit your Google Account to find and manage activity information
that’s saved in your account.
Go to Google Account
### Your location information
We collect information about your location when you use our services, which
helps us offer features like driving directions, search results for things
near you, and ads based on your general location.
Your location can be determined with varying degrees of accuracy by:
* GPS and other sensor data from your device
* IP address
* Activity on Google services, such as your searches and places you label like home or work
* Information about things near your device, such as Wi-Fi access points, cell towers, and Bluetooth-enabled devices
The types of location data we collect and how long we store it depend in part
on your device and account settings. For example, you can turn your Android
device’s location on or off using the device’s settings app. You can also turn
on Location History if you want to create a private map of where you go with
your signed-in devices. And if your Web & App Activity setting is enabled,
your searches and other activity from Google services, which may also include
location information, is saved to your Google Account. Learn more about how we
use location information.
* * *
In some circumstances, Google also collects information about you from
publicly accessible sources. For example, if your name appears in your local
newspaper, Google’s Search engine may index that article and display it to
other people if they search for your name. We may also collect information
about you from trusted partners, such as directory services who provide us
with business information to be displayed on Google’s services, marketing
partners who provide us with information about potential customers of our
business services, and security partners who provide us with information to
protect against abuse. We also receive information from advertising partners
to provide advertising and research services on their behalf.
We use various technologies to collect and store information, including
cookies, pixel tags, local storage, such as browser web storage or application
data caches, databases, and server logs.
# Why Google collects data
We use data to build better services
We use the information we collect from all our services for the following
purposes:
### Provide our services
We use your information to deliver our services, like processing the terms you
search for in order to return results or helping you share content by
suggesting recipients from your contacts.
### Maintain & improve our services
We also use your information to ensure our services are working as intended,
such as tracking outages or troubleshooting issues that you report to us. And
we use your information to make improvements to our services — for example,
understanding which search terms are most frequently misspelled helps us
improve spell-check features used across our services.
### Develop new services
We use the information we collect in existing services to help us develop new
ones. For example, understanding how people organized their photos in Picasa,
Google’s first photos app, helped us design and launch Google Photos.
### Provide personalized services, including content and ads
We use the information we collect to customize our services for you, including
providing recommendations, personalized content, and customized search
results. For example, Security Checkup provides security tips adapted to how
you use Google products. And Google Play uses information like apps you’ve
already installed and videos you’ve watched on YouTube to suggest new apps you
might like.
Depending on your settings, we may also show you personalized ads based on
your interests. For example, if you search for “mountain bikes,” you may see
an ad for sports equipment when you’re browsing a site that shows ads served
by Google. You can control what information we use to show you ads by visiting
your ad settings in My Ad Center.
* We don’t show you personalized ads based on sensitive categories, such as race, religion, sexual orientation, or health.
* We don’t show you personalized ads based on your content from Drive, Gmail, or Photos.
* We don’t share information that personally identifies you with advertisers, such as your name or email, unless you ask us to. For example, if you see an ad for a nearby flower shop and select the “tap to call” button, we’ll connect your call and may share your phone number with the flower shop.
Go to My Ad Center
### Measure performance
We use data for analytics and measurement to understand how our services are
used. For example, we analyze data about your visits to our sites to do things
like optimize product design. And we also use data about the ads you interact
with to help advertisers understand the performance of their ad campaigns. We
use a variety of tools to do this, including Google Analytics. When you visit
sites or use apps that use Google Analytics, a Google Analytics customer may
choose to enable Google to link information about your activity from that site
or app with activity from other sites or apps that use our ad services.
### Communicate with you
We use information we collect, like your email address, to interact with you
directly. For example, we may send you a notification if we detect suspicious
activity, like an attempt to sign in to your Google Account from an unusual
location. Or we may let you know about upcoming changes or improvements to our
services. And if you contact Google, we’ll keep a record of your request in
order to help solve any issues you might be facing.
### Protect Google, our users, and the public
We use information to help improve the safety and reliability of our services.
This includes detecting, preventing, and responding to fraud, abuse, security
risks, and technical issues that could harm Google, our users, or the public.
* * *
We use different technologies to process your information for these purposes.
We use automated systems that analyze your content to provide you with things
like customized search results, personalized ads, or other features tailored
to how you use our services. And we analyze your content to help us detect
abuse such as spam, malware, and illegal content. We also use algorithms to
recognize patterns in data. For example, Google Translate helps people
communicate across languages by detecting common language patterns in phrases
you ask it to translate.
We may combine the information we collect among our services and across your
devices for the purposes described above. For example, if you watch videos of
guitar players on YouTube, you might see an ad for guitar lessons on a site
that uses our ad products. Depending on your account settings, your activity
on other sites and apps may be associated with your personal information in
order to improve Google’s services and the ads delivered by Google.
If other users already have your email address or other information that
identifies you, we may show them your publicly visible Google Account
information, such as your name and photo. This helps people identify an email
coming from you, for example.
We’ll ask for your consent before using your information for a purpose that
isn’t covered in this Privacy Policy.
# Your privacy controls
You have choices regarding the information we collect and how it's used
This section describes key controls for managing your privacy across our
services. You can also visit the Privacy Checkup, which provides an
opportunity to review and adjust important privacy settings. In addition to
these tools, we also offer specific privacy settings in our products — you can
learn more in our Product Privacy Guide.
Go to Privacy Checkup
## Managing, reviewing, and updating your information
When you’re signed in, you can always review and update information by
visiting the services you use. For example, Photos and Drive are both designed
to help you manage specific types of content you’ve saved with Google.
We also built a place for you to review and control information saved in your
Google Account. Your Google Account includes:
### Privacy controls
### Activity Controls
Decide what types of activity you’d like saved in your account. For example,
if you have YouTube History turned on, the videos you watch and the things you
search for are saved in your account so you can get better recommendations and
remember where you left off. And if you have Web & App Activity turned on,
your searches and activity from other Google services are saved in your
account so you can get more personalized experiences like faster searches and
more helpful app and content recommendations. Web & App Activity also has a
subsetting that lets you control whether information about your activity on
other sites, apps, and devices that use Google services, such as apps you
install and use on Android, is saved in your Google Account and used to
improve Google services.
Go to Activity Controls
### Ad settings
Manage your preferences about the ads shown to you on Google and on sites and
apps that partner with Google to show ads. You can modify your interests,
choose whether your personal information is used to make ads more relevant to
you, and turn on or off certain advertising services.
Go to My Ad Center
### About you
Manage personal info in your Google Account and control who can see it across
Google services.
Go to About You
### Shared endorsements
Choose whether your name and photo appear next to your activity, like reviews
and recommendations, that appear in ads.
Go to Shared Endorsements
### Sites and apps that use Google services
Manage information that websites and apps using Google services, like Google
Analytics, may share with Google when you visit or interact with their
services.
Go to How Google uses information from sites or apps that use our services
### Ways to review & update your information
### My Activity
My Activity allows you to review and control data that’s saved to your Google
Account when you’re signed in and using Google services, like searches you’ve
done or your visits to Google Play. You can browse by date and by topic, and
delete part or all of your activity.
Go to My Activity
### Google Dashboard
Google Dashboard allows you to manage information associated with specific
products.
Go to Dashboard
### Your personal information
Manage your contact information, such as your name, email, and phone number.
Go to Personal Info
When you’re signed out, you can manage information associated with your
browser or device, including:
* Signed-out search personalization: Choose whether your search activity is used to offer you more relevant results and recommendations.
* YouTube settings: Pause and delete your YouTube Search History and your YouTube Watch History.
* Ad Settings: Manage your preferences about the ads shown to you on Google and on sites and apps that partner with Google to show ads.
## Exporting, removing & deleting your information
You can export a copy of content in your Google Account if you want to back it
up or use it with a service outside of Google.
Export your data
To delete your information, you can:
* Delete your content from specific Google services
* Search for and then delete specific items from your account using My Activity
* Delete specific Google products, including your information associated with those products
* Delete your entire Google Account
Delete your information
Inactive Account Manager allows you to give someone else access to parts of
your Google Account in case you’re unexpectedly unable to use your account.
And finally, you can also request to remove content from specific Google
services based on applicable law and our policies.
* * *
There are other ways to control the information Google collects whether or not
you’re signed in to a Google Account, including:
* Browser settings: For example, you can configure your browser to indicate when Google has set a cookie in your browser. You can also configure your browser to block all cookies from a specific domain or all domains. But remember that our services rely on cookies to function properly, for things like remembering your language preferences.
* Device-level settings: Your device may have controls that determine what information we collect. For example, you can modify location settings on your Android device.
# Sharing your information
## When you share your information
Many of our services let you share information with other people, and you have
control over how you share. For example, you can share videos on YouTube
publicly or you can decide to keep your videos private. Remember, when you
share information publicly, your content may become accessible through search
engines, including Google Search.
When you’re signed in and interact with some Google services, like leaving
comments on a YouTube video or reviewing an app in Play, your name and photo
appear next to your activity. We may also display this information in ads
depending on your Shared endorsements setting.
## When Google shares your information
We do not share your personal information with companies, organizations, or
individuals outside of Google except in the following cases:
### With your consent
We’ll share personal information outside of Google when we have your consent.
For example, if you use Google Home to make a reservation through a booking
service, we’ll get your permission before sharing your name or phone number
with the restaurant. We also provide you with controls to review and manage
third party apps and sites you have given access to data in your Google
Account. We’ll ask for your explicit consent to share any sensitive personal
information.
### With domain administrators
If you’re a student or work for an organization that uses Google services,
your domain administrator and resellers who manage your account will have
access to your Google Account. They may be able to:
* Access and retain information stored in your account, like your email
* View statistics regarding your account, like how many apps you install
* Change your account password
* Suspend or terminate your account access
* Receive your account information in order to satisfy applicable law, regulation, legal process, or enforceable governmental request
* Restrict your ability to delete or edit your information or your privacy settings
### For external processing
We provide personal information to our affiliates and other trusted businesses
or persons to process it for us, based on our instructions and in compliance
with our Privacy Policy and any other appropriate confidentiality and security
measures. For example, we use service providers to help operate our data
centers, deliver our products and services, improve our internal business
processes, and offer additional support to customers and users. We also use
service providers to help review YouTube video content for public safety and
analyze and listen to samples of saved user audio to help improve Google’s
audio recognition technologies.
### For legal reasons
We will share personal information outside of Google if we have a good-faith
belief that access, use, preservation, or disclosure of the information is
reasonably necessary to:
* Meet any applicable law, regulation, legal process, or enforceable governmental request. We share information about the number and type of requests we receive from governments in our Transparency Report.
* Enforce applicable Terms of Service, including investigation of potential violations.
* Detect, prevent, or otherwise address fraud, security, or technical issues.
* Protect against harm to the rights, property or safety of Google, our users, or the public as required or permitted by law.
We may share non-personally identifiable information publicly and with our
partners — like publishers, advertisers, developers, or rights holders. For
example, we share information publicly to show trends about the general use of
our services. We also allow specific partners to collect information from your
browser or device for advertising and measurement purposes using their own
cookies or similar technologies.
If Google is involved in a merger, acquisition, or sale of assets, we’ll
continue to ensure the confidentiality of your personal information and give
affected users notice before personal information is transferred or becomes
subject to a different privacy policy.
# Keeping your information secure
We build security into our services to protect your information
All Google products are built with strong security features that continuously
protect your information. The insights we gain from maintaining our services
help us detect and automatically block security threats from ever reaching
you. And if we do detect something risky that we think you should know about,
we’ll notify you and help guide you through steps to stay better protected.
We work hard to protect you and Google from unauthorized access, alteration,
disclosure, or destruction of information we hold, including:
* We use encryption to keep your data private while in transit
* We offer a range of security features, like Safe Browsing, Security Checkup, and 2 Step Verification to help you protect your account
* We review our information collection, storage, and processing practices, including physical security measures, to prevent unauthorized access to our systems
* We restrict access to personal information to Google employees, contractors, and agents who need that information in order to process it. Anyone with this access is subject to strict contractual confidentiality obligations and may be disciplined or terminated if they fail to meet these obligations.
# Exporting & deleting your information
You can export a copy of your information or delete it from your Google
Account at any time
You can export a copy of content in your Google Account if you want to back it
up or use it with a service outside of Google.
Export your data
To delete your information, you can:
* Delete your content from specific Google services
* Search for and then delete specific items from your account using My Activity
* Delete specific Google products, including your information associated with those products
* Delete your entire Google Account
Delete your information
# Retaining your information
We retain the data we collect for different periods of time depending on what
it is, how we use it, and how you configure your settings:
* Some data you can delete whenever you like, such as your personal info or the content you create or upload, like photos and documents. You can also delete activity information saved in your account, or choose to have it deleted automatically after a set period of time. We’ll keep this data in your Google Account until you remove it or choose to have it removed.
* Other data is deleted or anonymized automatically after a set period of time, such as advertising data in server logs.
* We keep some data until you delete your Google Account, such as information about how often you use our services.
* And some data we retain for longer periods of time when necessary for legitimate business or legal purposes, such as security, fraud and abuse prevention, or financial record-keeping.
When you delete data, we follow a deletion process to make sure that your data
is safely and completely removed from our servers or retained only in
anonymized form. We try to ensure that our services protect information from
accidental or malicious deletion. Because of this, there may be delays between
when you delete something and when copies are deleted from our active and
backup systems.
You can read more about Google’s data retention periods, including how long it
takes us to delete your information.
# Compliance & cooperation with regulators
We regularly review this Privacy Policy and make sure that we process your
information in ways that comply with it.
## Data transfers
We maintain servers around the world and your information may be processed on
servers located outside of the country where you live. Data protection laws
vary among countries, with some providing more protection than others.
Regardless of where your information is processed, we apply the same
protections described in this policy. We also comply with certain legal
frameworks relating to the transfer of data.
When we receive formal written complaints, we respond by contacting the person
who made the complaint. We work with the appropriate regulatory authorities,
including local data protection authorities, to resolve any complaints
regarding the transfer of your data that we cannot resolve with you directly.
## U.S. state law requirements
Some U.S. state privacy laws like the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA)
and Virginia Consumer Data Protection Act (VCDPA) require specific disclosures
for state residents.
This Privacy Policy is designed to help you understand how Google handles your
information:
* We explain the categories of information Google collects and the sources of that information in Information Google collects.
* We explain how Google uses information in Why Google collects data.
* We explain when Google may disclose information in Sharing your information. Google does not sell your personal information. Google also does not “share” your personal information as that term is defined in the CCPA.
* We explain how Google retains information in Retaining your information. You can also learn more about how Google anonymizes data. As described there, when Google anonymizes data to protect your privacy, we maintain policies and technical measures to avoid re-identifying that information.
State laws like the CCPA and VCDPA also provide the right to request
information about how Google collects, uses, and discloses your information.
And they give you the right to access and correct your information, and to
request that Google delete that information. The VCDPA also provides the right
to opt out of certain forms of profiling and targeted advertising. Finally,
the CCPA and VCDPA provide the right to not be discriminated against for
exercising these privacy rights.
We describe the choices you have to manage your privacy and data across
Google’s services in Your privacy controls. These tools allow you to access,
review, update and delete your information, as well as export and download a
copy of it. You can also control what information we use to show you ads, or
turn off personalized ads, by visiting My Ad Center.
When you use these tools, we’ll validate your request by verifying that you’re
signed in to your Google Account. If you have questions or requests related to
your rights under the CCPA or VCDPA, you (or your authorized agent) can also
contact Google. And if you disagree with the decision on your request, you can
ask Google to reconsider it by responding to the team’s email.
You can find more information on Google’s handling of CCPA requests.
The CCPA also requires a description of data practices using specific
categories. This table uses these categories to organize the information in
this Privacy Policy.
### Categories of information we collect
Identifiers and similar information such as your name and password, phone
number, and address, as well as unique identifiers tied to the browser,
application, or device you’re using. Some Google services like YouTube Studio
provide the option to submit a valid ID (such as a passport or driver’s
license) to verify your identity to use additional features.
Demographic information, such as your age, gender and language. If you choose
to use optional features like YouTube Creator Demographics, you can also
provide additional information, like your gender identity or race and
ethnicity.
Commercial information such as your payment information and a history of
purchases you make on Google’s services.
Biometric information if you choose to provide it, such as fingerprints in
Google’s product development studies.
Internet, network, and other activity information such as your search terms;
views and interactions with content and ads; Chrome browsing history you’ve
synced with your Google Account; information about the interaction of your
apps, browsers, and devices with our services (like IP address, crash reports,
and system activity); and activity on third-party sites and apps that use our
services. You can review and control activity data stored in your Google
Account in My Activity.
Geolocation data, such as may be determined by GPS, IP address, and other data
from sensors on or around your device, depending in part on your device and
account settings. Depending on these settings, this may include precise
location data, for example GPS data for Android features like navigation or
finding your phone. Learn more about Google’s use of location information.
Audio, electronic, visual, and similar information, such as voice and audio
information.
Communications data, such as emails, if you use our services to send and
receive messages.
Health information if you choose to provide it, such as your medical history,
vital signs and health metrics (like blood glucose levels), and other similar
information related to your physical or mental health, in the course of using
Google services that offer health-related features, such as the Google Health
Studies app.
Professional, employment, and education information, such as information you
provide or that is maintained through an organization using Google services at
which you study or work.
Other information you create or provide, such as the content you create,
upload, or receive (like photos and videos or emails, docs and spreadsheets).
Google Dashboard allows you to manage information associated with specific
products.
Inferences drawn from the above, like your ads interest categories.
### Business purposes for which information may be used or disclosed
Protecting against security threats, abuse, and illegal activity: Google uses
and may disclose information to detect, prevent and respond to security
incidents, and for protecting against other malicious, deceptive, fraudulent,
or illegal activity. For example, to protect our services, Google may receive
or disclose information about IP addresses that malicious actors have
compromised.
Auditing and measurement: Google uses information for analytics and
measurement to understand how our services are used, as well as to fulfill
obligations to our partners like publishers, advertisers, developers, or
rights holders. We may disclose non-personally identifiable information
publicly and with these partners, including for auditing purposes.
Maintaining our services: Google uses information to ensure our services are
working as intended, such as tracking outages or troubleshooting bugs and
other issues that you report to us.
Research and development: Google uses information to improve our services and
to develop new products, features and technologies that benefit our users and
the public. For example, we use publicly available information to help train
Google’s language models and build features like Google Translate.
Use of service providers: Google shares information with service providers to
perform services on our behalf, in compliance with our Privacy Policy and
other appropriate confidentiality and security measures. For example, we may
rely on service providers to help provide customer support.
Advertising: Google processes information to provide advertising, including
online identifiers, browsing and search activity, and information about your
location and interactions with advertisements. This keeps Google’s services
and many of the websites and services you use free of charge. You can control
what information we use to show you ads by visiting your ad settings in My Ad
Center.
Legal reasons: Google also uses information to satisfy applicable laws or
regulations, and discloses information in response to legal process or
enforceable government requests, including to law enforcement. We provide
information about the number and type of requests we receive from governments
in our Transparency Report.
### Parties with whom information may be disclosed
Other people with whom you choose to share your information, like docs or
photos, and videos or comments on YouTube.
Third parties with your consent, such as services that integrate with Google’s
services. You can review and manage third party apps and sites with access to
data in your Google Account.
Service providers, trusted businesses or persons that process information on
Google’s behalf, based on our instructions and in compliance with our Privacy
Policy and any other appropriate confidentiality and security measures.
Domain administrators, if you work or study at an organization that uses
Google services.
Law enforcement or other third parties, for the legal reasons described in
Sharing your information.
# About this policy
## When this policy applies
This Privacy Policy applies to all of the services offered by Google LLC and
its affiliates, including YouTube, Android, and services offered on third-
party sites, such as advertising services. This Privacy Policy doesn’t apply
to services that have separate privacy policies that do not incorporate this
Privacy Policy.
This Privacy Policy doesn’t apply to:
* The information practices of other companies and organizations that advertise our services
* Services offered by other companies or individuals, including products or sites they offer that may include Google services to which the policy applies, or products or sites displayed to you in search results, or linked from our services
## Changes to this policy
We change this Privacy Policy from time to time. We will not reduce your
rights under this Privacy Policy without your explicit consent. We always
indicate the date the last changes were published and we offer access to
archived versions for your review. If changes are significant, we’ll provide a
more prominent notice (including, for certain services, email notification of
Privacy Policy changes).
# Related privacy practices
## Specific Google services
The following privacy notices provide additional information about some Google
services:
* Chrome & the Chrome Operating System
* Payments
* Fiber
* Google Fi
* Google Workspace for Education
* Read Along
* YouTube Kids
* Google Accounts Managed with Family Link, for Children under 13 (or applicable age in your country)
* Family Link privacy guide for children & teens
* Voice and Audio Collection from Children’s Features on the Google Assistant
If you’re a member of an organization that uses Google Workspace or Google
Cloud Platform, learn how these services collect and use your personal
information in the Google Cloud Privacy Notice.
## Other useful resources
The following links highlight useful resources for you to learn more about our
practices and privacy settings.
* Your Google Account is home to many of the settings you can use to manage your account
* Privacy Checkup guides you through key privacy settings for your Google Account
* Google’s safety center helps you learn more about our built-in security, privacy controls, and tools to help set digital ground rules for your family online
* Google’s Teen Privacy Guide provides answers to some of the top questions we get asked about privacy
* Privacy & Terms provides more context regarding this Privacy Policy and our Terms of Service
* Technologies includes more information about:
* How Google uses cookies
* Technologies used for Advertising
* How Google uses information from sites or apps that use our services
## Key terms
### Affiliates
An affiliate is an entity that belongs to the Google group of companies,
including the following companies that provide consumer services in the EU:
Google Ireland Limited, Google Commerce Ltd, Google Payment Corp, and Google
Dialer Inc. Learn more about the companies providing business services in the
EU.
### Algorithm
A process or set of rules followed by a computer in performing problem-solving
operations.
### Application data cache
An application data cache is a data repository on a device. It can, for
example, enable a web application to run without an internet connection and
improve the performance of the application by enabling faster loading of
content.
### Browser web storage
Browser web storage enables websites to store data in a browser on a device.
When used in "local storage" mode, it enables data to be stored across
sessions. This makes data retrievable even after a browser has been closed and
reopened. One technology that facilitates web storage is HTML 5.
### Cookies
A cookie is a small file containing a string of characters that is sent to
your computer when you visit a website. When you visit the site again, the
cookie allows that site to recognize your browser. Cookies may store user
preferences and other information. You can configure your browser to refuse
all cookies or to indicate when a cookie is being sent. However, some website
features or services may not function properly without cookies. Learn more
about how Google uses cookies and how Google uses data, including cookies,
when you use our partners' sites or apps.
### Device
A device is a computer that can be used to access Google services. For
example, desktop computers, tablets, smart speakers, and smartphones are all
considered devices.
### Google Account
You may access some of our services by signing up for a Google Account and
providing us with some personal information (typically your name, email
address, and a password). This account information is used to authenticate you
when you access Google services and protect your account from unauthorized
access by others. You can edit or delete your account at any time through your
Google Account settings.
### IP address
Every device connected to the Internet is assigned a number known as an
Internet protocol (IP) address. These numbers are usually assigned in
geographic blocks. An IP address can often be used to identify the location
from which a device is connecting to the Internet.
### Non-personally identifiable information
This is information that is recorded about users so that it no longer reflects
or references an individually-identifiable user.
### Personal information
This is information that you provide to us which personally identifies you,
such as your name, email address, or billing information, or other data that
can be reasonably linked to such information by Google, such as information we
associate with your Google Account.
### Pixel tag
A pixel tag is a type of technology placed on a website or within the body of
an email for the purpose of tracking certain activity, such as views of a
website or when an email is opened. Pixel tags are often used in combination
with cookies.
### Referrer URL
A Referrer URL (Uniform Resource Locator) is information transmitted to a
destination webpage by a web browser, typically when you click a link to that
page. The Referrer URL contains the URL of the last webpage the browser
visited.
### Sensitive personal information
This is a particular category of personal information relating to topics such
as confidential medical facts, racial or ethnic origins, political or
religious beliefs, or sexuality.
### Server logs
Like most websites, our servers automatically record the page requests made
when you visit our sites. These “server logs” typically include your web
request, Internet Protocol address, browser type, browser language, the date
and time of your request, and one or more cookies that may uniquely identify
your browser.
A typical log entry for a search for “cars” looks like this:
123.45.67.89 - 25/Mar/2003 10:15:32 -
http://www.google.com/search?q=cars -
Firefox 1.0.7; Windows NT 5.1 -
740674ce2123e969
* `123.45.67.89` is the Internet Protocol address assigned to the user by the user’s ISP. Depending on the user’s service, a different address may be assigned to the user by their service provider each time they connect to the Internet.
* `25/Mar/2003 10:15:32` is the date and time of the query.
* `http://www.google.com/search?q=cars` is the requested URL, including the search query.
* `Firefox 1.0.7; Windows NT 5.1` is the browser and operating system being used.
* `740674ce2123a969` is the unique cookie ID assigned to this particular computer the first time it visited Google. (Cookies can be deleted by users. If the user has deleted the cookie from the computer since the last time they’ve visited Google, then it will be the unique cookie ID assigned to their device the next time they visit Google from that particular device).
### Unique identifiers
A unique identifier is a string of characters that can be used to uniquely
identify a browser, app, or device. Different identifiers vary in how
permanent they are, whether they can be reset by users, and how they can be
accessed.
Unique identifiers can be used for various purposes, including security and
fraud detection, syncing services such as your email inbox, remembering your
preferences, and providing personalized advertising. For example, unique
identifiers stored in cookies help sites display content in your browser in
your preferred language. You can configure your browser to refuse all cookies
or to indicate when a cookie is being sent. Learn more about how Google uses
cookies.
On other platforms besides browsers, unique identifiers are used to recognize
a specific device or app on that device. For example, a unique identifier such
as the Advertising ID is used to provide relevant advertising on Android
devices, and can be managed in your device’s settings. Unique identifiers may
also be incorporated into a device by its manufacturer (sometimes called a
universally unique ID or UUID), such as the IMEI-number of a mobile phone. For
example, a device’s unique identifier can be used to customize our service to
your device or analyze device issues related to our services.
## Additional Context
### ads you’ll find most useful
For example, if you watch videos about baking on YouTube, you may see more ads
that relate to baking as you browse the web. We also may use your IP address
to determine your approximate location, so that we can serve you ads for a
nearby pizza delivery service if you search for “pizza.” Learn more about
Google ads and why you may see particular ads.
### advertising and research services on their behalf
For example, advertisers may upload data from their loyalty-card programs so
that they can better understand the performance of their ad campaigns. We only
provide aggregated reports to advertisers that don’t reveal information about
individual people.
### Android device with Google apps
Android devices with Google apps include devices sold by Google or one of our
partners and include phones, cameras, vehicles, wearables, and televisions.
These devices use Google Play Services and other pre-installed apps that
include services like Gmail, Maps, your phone’s camera and phone dialer, text-
to-speech conversion, keyboard input, and security features. Learn more about
Google Play Services.
### combine the information we collect
Some examples of how we combine the information we collect include:
* When you’re signed in to your Google Account and search on Google, you can see search results from the public web, along with relevant information from the content you have in other Google products, like Gmail or Google Calendar. This can include things like the status of your upcoming flights, restaurant, and hotel reservations, or your photos. Learn more
* If you have communicated with someone via Gmail and want to add them to a Google Doc or an event in Google Calendar, Google makes it easy to do so by autocompleting their email address when you start to type in their name. This feature makes it easier to share things with people you know. Learn more
* The Google app can use data that you have stored in other Google products to show you personalized content, depending on your settings. For example, if you have searches stored in your Web & App Activity, the Google app can show you news articles and other information about your interests, like sports scores, based your activity. Learn more
* If you link your Google Account to your Google Home, you can manage your information and get things done through the Google Assistant. For example, you can add events to your Google Calendar or get your schedule for the day, ask for status updates on your upcoming flight, or send information like driving directions to your phone. Learn more
### customized search results
For example, when you’re signed in to your Google Account and have the Web &
App Activity control enabled, you can get more relevant search results that
are based on your previous searches and activity from other Google services.
You can learn more here. You may also get customized search results even when
you’re signed out. If you don’t want this level of search customization, you
can search and browse privately or turn off signed-out search personalization.
### deliver our services
Examples of how we use your information to deliver our services include:
* We use the IP address assigned to your device to send you the data you requested, such as loading a YouTube video
* We use unique identifiers stored in cookies on your device to help us authenticate you as the person who should have access to your Google Account
* Photos and videos you upload to Google Photos are used to help you create albums, animations, and other creations that you can share. Learn more
* A flight confirmation email you receive may be used to create a “check-in” button that appears in your Gmail
* When you purchase services or physical goods from us, you may provide us information like your shipping address or delivery instructions. We use this information for things like processing, fulfilling, and delivering your order, and to provide support in connection with the product or service you purchase.
### detect abuse
When we detect spam, malware, illegal content, and other forms of abuse on our
systems in violation of our policies, we may disable your account or take
other appropriate action. In certain circumstances, we may also report the
violation to appropriate authorities.
### devices
For example, we can use information from your devices to help you decide which
device you’d like to use to install an app or view a movie you buy from Google
Play. We also use this information to help protect your account.
### ensure and improve
For example, we analyze how people interact with advertising to improve the
performance of our ads.
### ensure our services are working as intended
For example, we continuously monitor our systems to look for problems. And if
we find something wrong with a specific feature, reviewing activity
information collected before the problem started allows us to fix things more
quickly.
### Information about things near your device
If you use Google’s Location services on Android, we can improve the
performance of apps that rely on your location, like Google Maps. If you use
Google’s Location services, your device sends information to Google about its
location, sensors (like accelerometer), and nearby cell towers and Wi-Fi
access points (like MAC address and signal strength). All these things help to
determine your location. You can use your device settings to enable Google
Location services. Learn more
### legal process, or enforceable governmental request
Like other technology and communications companies, Google regularly receives
requests from governments and courts around the world to disclose user data.
Respect for the privacy and security of data you store with Google underpins
our approach to complying with these legal requests. Our legal team reviews
each and every request, regardless of type, and we frequently push back when a
request appears to be overly broad or doesn’t follow the correct process.
Learn more in our Transparency Report.
### make improvements
For example, we use cookies to analyze how people interact with our services.
And that analysis can help us build better products. For example, it may help
us discover that it’s taking people too long to complete a certain task or
that they have trouble finishing steps at all. We can then redesign that
feature and improve the product for everyone.
### may link information
Google Analytics relies on first-party cookies, which means the cookies are
set by the Google Analytics customer. Using our systems, data generated
through Google Analytics can be linked by the Google Analytics customer and by
Google to third-party cookies that are related to visits to other websites.
For example, an advertiser may want to use its Google Analytics data to create
more relevant ads, or to further analyze its traffic. Learn more
### our users
For example, to prevent abuse and increase transparency and accountability
over our online content moderation practices, Google shares data about
requests for removal of content from our services with Lumen, which collects
and analyzes these requests to facilitate research to help Internet users
understand their rights. Learn more.
### partner with Google
There are over 2 million non-Google websites and apps that partner with Google
to show ads. Learn more
### payment information
For example, if you add a credit card or other payment method to your Google
Account, you can use it to buy things across our services, like apps in the
Play Store. We may also ask for other information, like a business tax ID, to
help process your payment. In some cases, we may also need to verify your
identity and may ask you for information to do this.
We may also use payment information to verify that you meet age requirements,
if, for example, you enter an incorrect birthday indicating you’re not old
enough to have a Google Account. Learn more
### personalized ads
You may also see personalized ads based on information from the advertiser. If
you shopped on an advertiser's website, for example, they can use that visit
information to show you ads. Learn more
### phone number
If you add your phone number to your account, it can be used for different
purposes across Google services, depending on your settings. For example, your
phone number can be used to help you access your account if you forget your
password, help people find and connect with you, and make the ads you see more
relevant to you. Learn more
### protect against abuse
For example, information about security threats can help us notify you if we
think your account has been compromised (at which point we can help you take
steps to protect your account).
### publicly accessible sources
For example, we may collect information that’s publicly available online or
from other public sources to help train Google’s language models and build
features like Google Translate. Or, if your business’s information appears on
a website, we may index and display it on Google services.
### rely on cookies to function properly
For example, we use a cookie called ‘lbcs’ that makes it possible for you to
open many Google Docs in one browser. Blocking this cookie would prevent
Google Docs from working as expected. Learn more
### safety and reliability
Some examples of how we use your information to help keep our services safe
and reliable include:
* Collecting and analyzing IP addresses and cookie data to protect against automated abuse. This abuse takes many forms, such as sending spam to Gmail users, stealing money from advertisers by fraudulently clicking on ads, or censoring content by launching a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack.
* The “last account activity” feature in Gmail can help you find out if and when someone accessed your email without your knowledge. This feature shows you information about recent activity in Gmail, such as the IP addresses that accessed your mail, the associated location, and the date and time of access. Learn more
### sensitive categories
When showing you personalized ads, we use topics that we think might be of
interest to you based on your activity. For example, you may see ads for
things like "Cooking and Recipes" or "Air Travel.” We don’t use topics or show
personalized ads based on sensitive categories like race, religion, sexual
orientation, or health. And we require the same from advertisers that use our
services.
### Sensor data from your device
Your device may have sensors that can be used to better understand your
location and movement. For example, an accelerometer can be used to determine
your speed and a gyroscope to figure out your direction of travel.
### servers around the world
For example, we operate data centers located around the world to help keep our
products continuously available for users.
### services to make and receive calls or send and receive messages
Examples of these services include:
* Google Voice, for making and receiving calls, sending text messages, and managing voicemail
* Google Meet, for making and receiving video calls
* Gmail, for sending and receiving emails
* Google Chat, for sending and receiving messages
* Google Duo, for making and receiving video calls and sending and receiving messages
* Google Fi, for a phone plan
### show trends
When lots of people start searching for something, it can provide useful
information about particular trends at that time. Google Trends samples Google
web searches to estimate the popularity of searches over a certain period of
time and shares those results publicly in aggregated terms. Learn more
### specific Google services
For example, you can delete your blog from Blogger or a Google Site you own
from Google Sites. You can also delete reviews you’ve left on apps, games, and
other content in the Play Store.
### specific partners
For example, we allow YouTube creators and advertisers to work with
measurement companies to learn about the audience of their YouTube videos or
ads, using cookies or similar technologies. Another example is merchants on
our shopping pages, who use cookies to understand how many different people
see their product listings. Learn more about these partners and how they use
your information.
### synced with your Google Account
Your Chrome browsing history is only saved to your account if you’ve enabled
Chrome synchronization with your Google Account. Learn more
### the people who matter most to you online
For example, when you type an address in the To, Cc, or Bcc field of an email
you're composing, Gmail will suggest addresses based on the people you contact
most frequently.
### the public
For example, we process information about requests to remove content from our
services under Google's content removal policies or applicable law to assess
the request, and to ensure transparency, improve accountability and prevent
abuse and fraud in these practices.
### third parties
For example, we process your information to report use statistics to rights
holders about how their content was used in our services. We may also process
your information if people search for your name and we display search results
for sites containing publicly available information about you.
### Views and interactions with content and ads
For example, we collect information about views and interactions with ads so
we can provide aggregated reports to advertisers, like telling them whether we
served their ad on a page and whether the ad was likely seen by a viewer. We
may also measure other interactions, such as how you move your mouse over an
ad or if you interact with the page on which the ad appears.
### Voice and audio information
For example, you can choose whether you want Google to save an audio recording
to your Google Account when you interact with Google Search, Assistant, and
Maps. When your device detects an audio activation command, like “Hey Google,”
Google records your voice and audio plus a few seconds before the activation.
Learn more
### your activity on other sites and apps
This activity might come from your use of Google services, like from syncing
your account with Chrome or your visits to sites and apps that partner with
Google. Many websites and apps partner with Google to improve their content
and services. For example, a website might use our advertising services (like
AdSense) or analytics tools (like Google Analytics), or it might embed other
content (such as videos from YouTube). These services may share information
about your activity with Google and, depending on your account settings and
the products in use (for instance, when a partner uses Google Analytics in
conjunction with our advertising services), this data may be associated with
your personal information.
Learn more about how Google uses data when you use our partners' sites or
apps.
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Google Cloud
* Overview
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* Accelerate your digital transformation
* Whether your business is early in its journey or well on its way to digital transformation, Google Cloud can help solve your toughest challenges.
* Learn more
* Key benefits
* Why Google Cloud
Top reasons businesses choose us.
* Multicloud
Run your apps wherever you need them.
* Trust and security
Keep your data secure and compliant.
* Global infrastructure
Build on the same infrastructure as Google.
* Data Cloud
Make smarter decisions with unified data.
* Open cloud
Scale with open, flexible technology.
* Sustainability
Run on the cleanest cloud in the industry.
* Productivity and collaboration
Connect your teams with AI-powered apps.
Solutions
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* Industry Solutions
Reduce cost, increase operational agility, and capture new market
opportunities.
* Retail
Analytics and collaboration tools for the retail value chain.
* Consumer Packaged Goods
Solutions for CPG digital transformation and brand growth.
* Financial Services
Computing, data management, and analytics tools for financial services.
* Healthcare and Life Sciences
Advance research at scale and empower healthcare innovation.
* Media and Entertainment
Solutions for content production and distribution operations.
* Telecommunications
Hybrid and multi-cloud services to deploy and monetize 5G.
* Gaming
AI-driven solutions to build and scale games faster.
* Manufacturing
Migration and AI tools to optimize the manufacturing value chain.
* Supply Chain and Logistics
Digital supply chain solutions built in the cloud.
* Government
Data storage, AI, and analytics solutions for government agencies.
* Education
Teaching tools to provide more engaging learning experiences.
* Not seeing what you're looking for?
* See all industry solutions
* Not seeing what you're looking for?
* See all solutions
* Application Modernization
Assess, plan, implement, and measure software practices and capabilities to
modernize and simplify your organization’s business application portfolios.
* CAMP
Program that uses DORA to improve your software delivery capabilities.
* Modernize Traditional Applications
Analyze, categorize, and get started with cloud migration on traditional
workloads.
* Migrate from PaaS: Cloud Foundry, Openshift
Tools for moving your existing containers into Google's managed container
services.
* Migrate from Mainframe
Automated tools and prescriptive guidance for moving your mainframe apps to
the cloud.
* Modernize Software Delivery
Software supply chain best practices - innerloop productivity, CI/CD and S3C.
* DevOps Best Practices
Processes and resources for implementing DevOps in your org.
* SRE Principles
Tools and resources for adopting SRE in your org.
* Day 2 Operations for GKE
Tools and guidance for effective GKE management and monitoring.
* FinOps and Optimization of GKE
Best practices for running reliable, performant, and cost effective
applications on GKE.
* Run Applications at the Edge
Guidance for localized and low latency apps on Google’s hardware agnostic edge
solution.
* Architect for Multicloud
Manage workloads across multiple clouds with a consistent platform.
* Go Serverless
Fully managed environment for developing, deploying and scaling apps.
* Artificial Intelligence
Add intelligence and efficiency to your business with AI and machine learning.
* Contact Center AI
AI model for speaking with customers and assisting human agents.
* Document AI
Document processing and data capture automated at scale.
* Product Discovery
Google-quality search and product recommendations for retailers.
* APIs and Applications
Speed up the pace of innovation without coding, using APIs, apps, and
automation.
* New Business Channels Using APIs
Attract and empower an ecosystem of developers and partners.
* Unlocking Legacy Applications Using APIs
Cloud services for extending and modernizing legacy apps.
* Open Banking APIx
Simplify and accelerate secure delivery of open banking compliant APIs.
* Databases
Migrate and manage enterprise data with security, reliability, high
availability, and fully managed data services.
* Database Migration
Guides and tools to simplify your database migration life cycle.
* Database Modernization
Upgrades to modernize your operational database infrastructure.
* Google Cloud Databases
Database services to migrate, manage, and modernize data.
* Migrate Oracle workloads to Google Cloud
Rehost, replatform, rewrite your Oracle workloads.
* Open Source Databases
Fully managed open source databases with enterprise-grade support.
* SQL Server on Google Cloud
Options for running SQL Server virtual machines on Google Cloud.
* Data Cloud
Unify data across your organization with an open and simplified approach to
data-driven transformation that is unmatched for speed, scale, and security
with AI built-in.
* Databases Solutions
Migrate and manage enterprise data with security, reliability, high
availability, and fully managed data services.
* Smart Analytics Solutions
Generate instant insights from data at any scale with a serverless, fully
managed analytics platform that significantly simplifies analytics.
* AI Solutions
Add intelligence and efficiency to your business with AI and machine learning.
* Data Cloud for ISVs
Innovate, optimize and amplify your SaaS applications using Google's data and
machine learning solutions such as BigQuery, Looker, Spanner and Vertex AI.
* Data Cloud Alliance
An initiative to ensure that global businesses have more seamless access and
insights into the data required for digital transformation.
* Digital Transformation
* Accelerate business recovery and ensure a better future with solutions that enable hybrid and multi-cloud, generate intelligent insights, and keep your workers connected.
* Digital Innovation
Reimagine your operations and unlock new opportunities.
* Operational Efficiency
Prioritize investments and optimize costs.
* COVID-19 Solutions
Get work done more safely and securely.
* COVID-19 Solutions for the Healthcare Industry
How Google is helping healthcare meet extraordinary challenges.
* Infrastructure Modernization
Migrate quickly with solutions for SAP, VMware, Windows, Oracle, and other
workloads.
* Application Migration
Discovery and analysis tools for moving to the cloud.
* SAP on Google Cloud
Certifications for running SAP applications and SAP HANA.
* High Performance Computing
Compute, storage, and networking options to support any workload.
* Windows on Google Cloud
Tools and partners for running Windows workloads.
* Data Center Migration
Migration solutions for VMs, apps, databases, and more.
* Active Assist
Automatic cloud resource optimization and increased security.
* Virtual Desktops
Remote work solutions for desktops and applications (VDI & DaaS).
* Rapid Assessment & Migration Program (RAMP)
End-to-end migration program to simplify your path to the cloud.
* Backup and Disaster Recovery
Ensure your business continuity needs are met.
* Productivity and Collaboration
Change the way teams work with solutions designed for humans and built for
impact.
* Google Workspace
Collaboration and productivity tools for enterprises.
* Google Workspace Essentials
Secure video meetings and modern collaboration for teams.
* Cloud Identity
Unified platform for IT admins to manage user devices and apps.
* Chrome Enterprise
Chrome OS, Chrome Browser, and Chrome devices built for business.
* Cloud Search
Enterprise search for employees to quickly find company information.
* Security
Detect, investigate, and respond to online threats to help protect your
business.
* Security Analytics and Operations
Solution for analyzing petabytes of security telemetry.
* Web App and API Protection
Threat and fraud protection for your web applications and APIs.
* Security and Resilience Framework
Solutions for each phase of the security and resilience life cycle.
* Risk and compliance as code (RCaC)
Solution to modernize your governance, risk, and compliance function with
automation.
* Software Supply Chain Security
Solution for improving end-to-end software supply chain security.
* Smart Analytics
Generate instant insights from data at any scale with a serverless, fully
managed analytics platform that significantly simplifies analytics.
* Data Warehouse Modernization
Data warehouse to jumpstart your migration and unlock insights.
* Data Lake Modernization
Services for building and modernizing your data lake.
* Spark on Google Cloud
Run and write Spark where you need it, serverless and integrated.
* Stream Analytics
Insights from ingesting, processing, and analyzing event streams.
* Business Intelligence
Solutions for modernizing your BI stack and creating rich data experiences.
* Data Science
Put your data to work with Data Science on Google Cloud.
* Marketing Analytics
Solutions for collecting, analyzing, and activating customer data.
* Geospatial Analytics and AI
Solutions for building a more prosperous and sustainable business.
* Datasets
Data from Google, public, and commercial providers to enrich your analytics
and AI initiatives.
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Accelerate startup and SMB growth with tailored solutions and programs.
* Startup Solutions
Grow your startup and solve your toughest challenges using Google’s proven
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Manage encryption keys on Google Cloud.
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Encrypt data in use with Confidential VMs.
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Platform for defending against threats to your Google Cloud assets.
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Sensitive data inspection, classification, and redaction platform.
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Zero trust solution for secure application and resource access.
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Extract signals from your security telemetry to find threats instantly.
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Playbook automation, case management, and integrated threat intelligence.
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Unique visibility into threats.
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Protect your website from fraudulent activity, spam, and abuse without
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Fully managed environment for running containerized apps.
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Object storage for storing and serving user-generated content.
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Block storage that is locally attached for high-performance needs.
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Data transfers from online and on-premises sources to Cloud Storage.
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Security Showcase
# Google Cloud Security Showcase
We offer security products across all of our products to help you meet your
policy, regulatory, and business objectives. View the top security use cases
that customers can solve with Google Cloud.
Contact us Contact us
Infrastructure security
## Infrastructure security
Rely on a secure-by-design infrastructure with hardening, configuration
management, and patch and vulnerability management.
How can I isolate my containerized workloads?
Watch video
How do I configure a secure by design environment for my cloud deployments?
Watch video
## Network security
Help secure the network with products that define and enforce your perimeter
and allow for network segmentation, remote access, and DoS defense.
How can I control access to my web apps and VMs in Google Cloud without using
a VPN?
Watch video
How does Packet Mirroring manage network traffic and detect anomalies?
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How do I protect my applications from DDoS attacks with Google Cloud Armor?
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How do I use Packet Mirroring in Google Cloud?
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How do I provide organizational wide security control using hierarchical
firewall policies?
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How can I detect network-based threats in my Google Cloud environment?
Watch video
Using Firewall Insights to safely optimize your firewall rules
Watch video
Getting started with Cloud Armor Adaptive Protection
Watch video
Per-destination NAT IPs using Cloud NAT Rules
Watch video
## Endpoint security
Help secure endpoints and prevent compromise with device hardening, device
management, and patch and vulnerability management.
How do I configure my Google Workspace deployment to best protect my devices?
Watch video
How can admins prevent unauthorized access to data with Chrome Enterprise?
Watch video
How can I secure user data with ephemeral mode on a Chrome Enterprise device?
Watch video
How do I manage and control mobile and desktop devices accessing Google
Workspace?
Watch video
How do I manage Windows 10 devices within my organization?
Watch video
## Data security
Make sensitive data more secure with data discovery, data governance, and
controls to prevent loss, leakage, and exfiltration.
How can I help prevent, detect, and remediate data exfiltration?
Watch video
How do I generate and verify an encryption key in an HSM on Google Cloud?
Watch video
How can I stop exfiltration with data loss prevention?
Watch video
How do I prevent a data breach via personal storage buckets on Google Cloud?
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How do I protect data in Google Cloud using my own externally stored
encryption keys?
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How can I protect the confidentiality of workloads while they are processed?
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How can I protect my Google Cloud VMs from rootkits and bootkits?
Watch video
How do I get started on Confidential GKE Nodes?
Watch video
How can I keep my data private by using client-side encryption for Google
Drive?
Watch video
How can I discover if I have sensitive data in my BigQuery data warehouse?
Watch video
## Identity and access management
Manage and secure employee, partner, customer, and other identities, and their
access to apps and data, both in the cloud and on-premises.
How can I control access to sensitive information based on user and devices
attributes?
Watch video
Which second factor authentication method should I choose?
Watch video
How do I enable access to SaaS applications for my employees?
Watch video
How do I discover and reduce over-provisioned access to cloud resources?
Watch video
How do I configure and manage access to traditional LDAP-based apps and
infrastructure?
Watch video
How do I run Microsoft Active Directory-dependent apps and servers in Google
Cloud?
Watch video
How can I add authentication and identity management capabilities to my own
apps?
Watch video
How do I protect my high risk users with the advanced protection program?
Watch video
How does Google Cloud give you smart and secure access to apps?
Watch video
How can Cloud Identity help unify user, app, and endpoint management?
Watch video
How can I simplify the management of Private Certificate Authorities?
Watch video
How to use Certificate Authority Service to create private certificates for
DevOps
Watch video
## Application security
Protect and manage your business applications with application testing,
scanning, and API security features.
How do I control which third-party apps have access to my data?
Watch video
How do I use reCAPTCHA Enterprise to protect my website from fraud?
Watch video
How do I protect users from unsafe websites with Google Cloud’s Web Risk API?
Watch video
How can I catch web app vulnerabilities before they are pushed into
production?
Watch video
What are the key security controls that I should have in place for Google
Workspace?
Watch video
How can I have safer and more productive meetings in Google Meet?
Watch video
## Security monitoring and operations
Monitor for malicious activity, handle security incidents, and support
operational processes that prevent, detect, and respond to threats.
What should I do when I see suspicious activity?
Watch video
How can I set up rules to automate alerts or take remediative action?
Watch video
How can I help my admins work together to resolve security incidents?
Watch video
How can I tell if I have misconfigurations in my Google Cloud resources, and
how do I fix them?
Watch video
How do I detect and respond to threats inside and outside my Google Cloud
infrastructure?
Watch video
How can I best protect against phishing, and how do I configure those
protections?
Watch video
How do I investigate a phishing attack with Chronicle?
Watch video
How do I investigate beaconing malware with Backstory?
Watch video
How do I do access reporting and reviews on Google Cloud?
Watch video
How do I detect malicious activity in my Google Cloud environment?
Watch video
Using Cloud Asset Inventory to gain visibility into your Google Cloud
environment
Watch video
## Governance, risk, and compliance
Support governance and compliance processes, including audits and risk
assessments, compliance reports, and certifications.
How do I help ensure that Google Workspace satisfies my organizational
policies?
Watch video
How can I control how long data is retained, and what if my legal team needs
my help?
Watch video
How do I use the Google Cloud Compliance Resource Center?
Watch video
How do I make sure my Google Cloud deployment meets CIS Google Cloud security
benchmarks?
Watch video
How can Assured Workloads for Government help me meet regulatory compliance
requirements?
Watch video
How can Assured Workloads help support my FedRAMP Moderate compliance efforts?
Watch video
How can I perform legal discovery in Google Workspace using Google Vault?
Watch video
### Take the next step
Tell us what you’re solving for. A Google Cloud expert will help you find the
best solution.
Contact sales
### Take the next step
Tell us what you’re solving for. A Google Cloud expert will help you find the
best solution.
Contact sales
* Work with a trusted partner
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* Start using Google Cloud
Try it free
* Deploy ready-to-go solutions
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* Work with a trusted partner
Find a partner
* Start using Google Cloud
Go to console
* Deploy ready-to-go solutions
Explore marketplace
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spiderum_text/2403 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
(+)-linalool, (+)-(E)-nerolidol and (E)(E)-farnesol
methyl anthranilate, indole,
phenylacetonitrile and 1-nitro-2-phenylethane
Neroli (Orange flower)
Citrus aurantium ssp. aurantium (Rutaceae) Bitter orange, Seville orange
The flowers of various Citrus species are the source of the famous neroli oils
used in fine perfumery, particularly in Colognes. One example is the flowers
of the bitter orange, mainly cultured in North Africa. Neroli oil is obtained
by careful steam distillation of the freshly picked flowers in about 0.1 %
yield. An even more valuable material is the so-called orange flower absolute,
obtained by extraction (see boronia for details on absolutes).
In both products, linalool is the main volatile constituent. Nerolidol and
farnesol are characteristic ingredients. Moreover, a number of N-containing
constituents are odour-determining, e.g. methyl anthranilate, indole,
phenylacetonitrile and 1-nitro-2-phenylethane [3] [6].
Etymology: It. neroli, from the French-born Anna Maria de la Trémoille
(1670-1722), princess of Nerola, a village near Rome. She loved the fragrance
of the orange flowers, and was the first person to have them distilled. The
tertiary sesquiterpene alcohol 3,7,11-trimethyl-1,6,10-dodecatriene-3-ol was
first identified in neroli oil, whence the name nerolidol. Somewhat later, the
isomeric alcohol 3,7,11-trimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatriene-1-ol was also
identified. It was correspondingly named farnesol, from Villa Farnese, another
village near Rome. Eau de Colognes have been created since the end of the
17'th century. The classical ingredients were neroli oil, bergamot oil, orange
oil, lavender oil and rosemary oil. Colognes are still going strong, a modern
example is Baldessarini (Hugo Boss 2002).
p-cymene, thymol, thymohydroquinone, carvone
thymoquinone, carvacrol, 1-terpinen-4-ol, and damascenin
Nigella
Nigella sativa (Ranunculaceae)
The name Nigella, derived from Latin niger, means something like 'small black
ones'. Carl von Linné thereby wanted to draw attention to the black seeds of
this genus.
N. sativa is an annual herb native of southwest Asia. The seeds have been used
for centuries as a medicine and as a spice . An Arab proverb calls them "the
medicine for every disease except death." The variety of naan bread called
Peshawari naan is usually topped with nigella seeds.
The seeds contains an essential oil of thyme-oregano-like aroma. A recent
Algerian study found the main constituents to be p-cymene, thymol,
thymohydroquinone, carvone, thymoquinone, carvacrol, and 1-terpinen-4-ol,
together representing more than 36 % of the oil [186]. Moreover, the compound
damascenin, or methyl 3-methoxy-2-methylaminobenzoate, an odoriferous
'alkaloid' characteristic of several nigellas, is present [187].
(E)-2-octenal, nerolidol, bicyclogermacrene and eugenol
Night-scented Stock
Matthiola longipetala (M. bicornis) (Cruciferae) Evening Stock
There are about fifty species of the Cruciferan genus Matthiola, having their
main distribution from the Canary Islands, the Mediterranean area, and into
Central Asia.
Matthiola longipetala or Night-scented Stock is grown as an ornamental
primarily for its evening scent. It is a tenuous, low-growing and highly
branched crucifer with light purple flowers appearing wilted during the day
but awakening in the evening and then emitting a remarkably powerful scent -
strongly sweet and with a spicy nuance.
Hammami S et al. steam-distilled the fresh flowers of Tunisian-grown M.
longipetala and analysed the obtained oil by GC and GC-MS. Major volatiles
were (E)-2-octenal (2 %), nerolidol (2 %), bicyclogermacrene (14 %), and
eugenol (20 %) [318].
Etymology: Matthiola, from the Italian doctor and naturalist Pietro Andrea
Gregorio Mattioli (1501-1577), Lat. longipetala, with long petals, Lat.
bicornis, with two horns, i.e. the shape of the fruit.
(+)-sabinene, (+)-1-terpinen-4-ol, safrole, myristicin and elemicin
Nutmeg
Myristica fragrans (Myristicaceae)
The nutmeg tree probably originates in New-Guinea. The fruit resembles a
smooth peach. When it ripens, it cleaves, and the purple-brown seed with its
lobed, coral-red coat becomes visible. The nutmeg as we know it is the shelled
kernel. Its use as a spice is due to an aromatic oil consisting of
approximately 90 % terpenes, with sabinene, alpha- and beta-pinene, and
1-terpinen-4-ol as major components. However, a number of phenol ethers play a
decisive role for the overall fragrance, three of them are shown [55].
Terpeneless nutmeg oil is sometimes used in masculine perfumes. An elegant
example is Cacharel Pour L’Homme (Cacharel 1981).
Etymology: Gr. myristikos, fragrant, Lat. fragrans, fragrant. Nutmeg is rich
in the fatty acid tetradecanoic acid, also called myristic acid.
top: methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-6-methylbenzoate and -3,6-dimethylbenzoate
bottom : 3-methoxy-5-methylphenol and 3-methoxy-2,5-dimethylphenol
Oakmoss
Evernia prunastri (Usneaceae)
Oakmoss adds to the smell of the forest with its dry fungoid earthy-woody
odour. In spite of its name, oakmoss is not a moss but a lichen, growing on
the bark of deciduous and coniferous trees. It was used in perfumery as early
as the 16'th century. Baskets filled with it have been found in the ancient
royal tombs of Egypt, but whether it was intended for perfume is not known. A
mixture of phenolic acids extracted from oakmoss has been used in drugs for
treating external wounds and infections. In modern time oakmoss has been
collected in France, Morocco and Yugoslavia and extracted for perfumery
purposes ('Mousse de Chêne'), but today some of the most important odour-
active ingredients are made synthetically.
Oakmoss has the special odour notes associated with the warmth of the
fireplace, walnuts, the smoke from birch wood, etc. The key odorants are the
phenolic compounds shown above [3].
Oakmoss is used in countless perfumes of the fougère and chypre types. For
instance, it is evidently present in the dry-out notes of the marvellous
Kouros (Yves Saint Laurent 1981).
p.s.
The compound methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoate can be synthesized in
an interesting process from acyclic precursors (methyl crotonate and methyl
3-oxopentanoate). It has an extremely penetrating odour, maybe owing to
quinoid tautomerism.
p.p.s.
For a true moss scent - see Liverwort.
isoincensol and -acetate
Olibanum (Frankincense)
Boswellia carterii (Burseraceae)
Like myrrh and opopanax, olibanum is a gum-resin from small trees and thorny
bushes of the Burseracean family. They are growing in the northern Somali
republic and in southern Arabia. Olibanum is one of the oldest aromatic
materials used by mankind. Already in the Antiquity it was used as an incense
in Mesopotamia, Egypt, Greek and Rome. Ovid speaks of the solidified olibanum
droplets as 'tears'. The catholic church adopted the use of incense burning in
the 5'th century.
A number of closely related Boswellia species exist. Several publications deal
with analysis of the volatiles from olibanum, but the samples were often
purchased from markets and so lacked a certified botanical origin.
A recent study on a certified olibanum sample from B. carterii identified
alpha-pinene, beta-myrcene and limonene as the major monoterpenes. Beta-
caryophyllene, alpha-copaene, alpha-humulene and caryophyllene oxide were the
major sesquiterpenes. The characteristic olibanum compounds isoincensol and
isoincensyl acetate together with cembrene A were the main diterpenes. Octyl
acetate is a characteristic of B. papyrifera, but it was not found in B.
carterii [74].
The smell of olibanum smoke is influenced by a multitude of pyrolysis products
from the terpenoids present in the resin. Commercial olibanum oil obtained by
steam distillation of the resin from mixed Boswellia species has a sweet,
woody-balsamic odour with a fresh, almost citrusy nuance. It is used in luxury
perfumes, e.g. Opium (Yves Saint Laurent 1977).
(Z)-thiopropanal S-oxide,
the lachrymatory principle of onions
Onion
Allium cepa (Alliaceae or Amaryllidaceae)
There are about 300 species of Alliums, one from South Africa, and most of the
rest from temperate
Europe and North America. The ancestor of onion grows wild in Iran. Onion has
been cultured for more than 6000 years.
All Alliums are more ore less pungent from organic sulphur compounds. The
complex and labile onion flavour chemistry has been studied in detail but will
not be treated here. However, the lachrymatory (tear provoking) effect of
freshly cut onions, experienced by everyone, calls for a remark. Amazingly, it
was not until 1971 that the active principle was identified as thiopropanal
S-oxide (C3H6SO) [132]. When an onion is cut, alliinase enzymes act on
S-alk(en)yl cysteine S-oxides giving sulfenic acids, which rearrange to 'the
onion lachrymatory factor', now identified as mainly (Z)-thiopropanal S-oxide
[133]. The amount emitted varies among the different sorts of onions, and also
depends on the availability of sulphate nutrients in the soil [134]. Schmidt
et al. found that onion juice contains
1-22 micromol/ml thiopropanal S-oxide [135]. This volatile chemical is water
soluble, and exposure from it may be minimized by rinsing away the onion sap
with water.
Etymology: The name Allium was used by the Romans for garlic, Allium sativum.
Lat. caepe, onion.
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# Cloud Trace
Find performance bottlenecks in production.
Try it free Contact sales
Go to console
View documentation for this product.
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## Distributed tracing for everyone
Cloud Trace is a distributed tracing system that collects latency data from
your applications and displays it in the Google Cloud Console. You can track
how requests propagate through your application and receive detailed near
real-time performance insights. Cloud Trace automatically analyzes all of your
application's traces to generate in-depth latency reports to surface
performance degradations, and can capture traces from all of your VMs,
containers, or App Engine projects.
Stylized computer screen with flow of data into it from above
#### Find performance bottlenecks
Using Cloud Trace, you can inspect detailed latency information for a single
request or view aggregate latency for your entire application. Using the
various tools and filters provided, you can quickly find where bottlenecks are
occurring and more quickly identify their root cause. Cloud Trace is based off
of the tools used at Google to keep our services running at extreme scale.
Magnifying glass hovers over information on a screen
#### Fast, automatic issue detection
Trace continuously gathers and analyzes trace data from your project to
automatically identify recent changes to your application's performance. These
latency distributions, available through the Analysis Reports feature, can be
compared over time or versions, and Cloud Trace will automatically alert you
if it detects a significant shift in your app's latency profile.
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\(connectd by dotted lines\) to other machines
#### Broad platform support
Cloud Trace's language-specific SDKs can analyze projects running on VMs (even
those not managed by Google Cloud). The Trace SDK is currently available for
Java, Node.js, Ruby, and Go, and the Trace API can be used to submit and
retrieve trace data from any source. A Zipkin collector is also available,
which allows Zipkin tracers to submit data to Cloud Trace. Projects running on
App Engine standard are automatically captured.
## Features
### Easy set up
All Cloud Run, Cloud Functions and App Engine standard applications are
automatically traced and libraries are available to trace applications running
elsewhere after minimal setup. All performance reports and analysis described
above are available out of the box.
### Performance insights
Each end point level trace is evaluated automatically for performance
bottlenecks.
### Automatic analysis
Automatic daily performance reports are created for each traced application.
You can also generate reports on demand.
### Extensibility for custom workloads
The Trace API and language specific SDKs are available to trace applications
running on virtual machines and containers. Trace data can be consumed via the
Cloud Trace UI through the Trace API.
### Latency shift detection
Performance reports of your application are evaluated over time to identify
latency degradation of your application over time.
"Analytics in trace allowed us to quickly establish that latency had changed.
Cloud Trace timelines showed us where the latency bottlenecks were occurring
and helped us get back on our feet."
Keith Marsh, Principal Online Technologist, Dovetail Games
## Resources
* Get started
View quickstart
* API and reference
Learn more
* Enabling SRE best practices: new contextual traces in Cloud Logging
Read blog post
### Pricing
Learn more about Cloud Trace pricing.
Feature Price Free allotment per month Effective date
Trace ingestion $0.20/million spans First 2.5 million spans November 1,
2018
## Take the next step
Start building on Google Cloud with $300 in free credits and 20+ always free
products.
Try it free
Need help getting started?
Contact sales
Work with a trusted partner
Find a partner
Continue browsing
See all products
## Take the next step
Start your next project, explore interactive tutorials, and manage your
account.
Go to console
Need help getting started?
Contact sales
Work with a trusted partner
Find a partner
Get tips & best practices
See tutorials
Java is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or its affiliates.
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# What Is Fintech? Is It a Good Career Path?
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Get Ahead by LinkedIn News
### Get Ahead by LinkedIn News
Published Oct 6, 2022
\+ Follow
By Mariah Flores
In Brief: (1) Fintech describes new tech that seeks to streamline the delivery
and use of financial services. (2) A disruptive, impactful sector with a wide
variety of jobs, all aimed at making a difference. (3) Prepare for a fintech
career by connecting with current fintech professionals, finding your niche
and ideal company, and building your knowledge of technical concepts.
Looking for a new career path in a fast-growing finance and technology
industry? Have an interest in making an impact within the financial world?
Need a professional outlet for your many transferable skills? Consider a
career within fintech, an industry sector that gained popularity and increased
recognition during the COVID-19 pandemic. As one of the fastest-growing job
sectors within finance, the fintech job growth rate is expected to hit 25% in
the next couple of years. With so many job opportunities, fintech is
undoubtedly a sector worth exploring.
## Defining Fintech
Before we dive into fintech as a career path, let’s define the term. The term
gets tossed around a lot, with several interpretations out there depending on
the person.
As you can probably discern, “fintech” is a clever, yet explanatory, mashup of
the words “finance” and “technology”. It is simply an abbreviation for
financial technology. Per Investopedia, financial technology, or fintech, is
used to describe “new tech that seeks to improve and automate the delivery and
use of financial services”. This sector includes cryptocurrency development
and use, like Bitcoin. Fintech also includes other sectors and industries,
from education and retail banking to fundraising and investment management.
A person conducts online banking, a form of fintech, from their cellular
device.
“Fintech is the use of technology to improve financial services for consumers
and businesses. Fintech touches all of us who use mobile apps or websites to
make payments, apply for loans, invest, buy crypto, or budget our money — to
name a few use cases. The fintech industry has experienced incredible growth
because consumers expect speed, automation and immediacy in this digital age.
The pandemic was also a huge catalyst for fintech adoption since people and
businesses needed a way to transact with less face-to-face or brick-and-mortar
interaction.”
— Cindy Snow is a fintech strategy consultant at MX.
## Fintech as a Career Path
Making a (disruptive) difference in people’s lives: One of the biggest draws
to fintech is one’s ability to make a direct impact on people’s lives. With
more people leaning toward future-forward financial services, fintech
professionals are not only helping major financial institutions, but also
business owners, corporate entities, and the everyday, average consumers.
“Devoted to optimizing the way that consumers interact with their financial
life, fintech now plays an increasingly significant role in our digital
lives,” writes Columbia University. If you’re interested in making a
disruptive change within the financial realm, fintech may be the perfect place
for you.
And if not, don’t worry because there’s a whole world of careers awaiting you.
“Yes! Fintech is an incredibly exciting career path right now. It is changing
constantly to meet the needs of consumers and businesses. If you are someone
who enjoys learning and solving problems that impact people’s daily lives,
fintech is a good opportunity to do that.”
— Cindy Snow
“I love being in the fintech space. I think it's a lot of fun. It's exciting.
It's challenging. It's fresh, it's new, it's forward thinking. We're solving
big problems, but it really depends on how you're wired. So I wouldn't say
everyone should get a job in fintech. It really depends. What's important to
you? What are you passionate about? What do you know? It's important to be in
that space.”
— Derek N.H. Notman, CFP is a fintech founder on a mission to transform the
financial services profession & industry with Couplr, Conneqtor, and Rethink.
Wide variety of roles (not just finance or technology): Okay, so you may be
thinking, “Fintech sounds amazing, but I have no professional background in
finance or tech.” Like many other sectors and industries, fintech is not only
limited to stereotypical jobs like software engineers or blockchain
developers. It takes all sorts of professionals to ensure that a fintech
company is successful. Fintech is a great way to utilize your transferable
skills and pivot into an exciting new career, given that there are so many
ways to get into the sector.
“There is a wide spectrum of jobs available for people interested in fintech.
Of course, fintech companies need highly technical roles such as software
engineers to build the products, integration specialists who can help banks
and companies connect and embed the products via API, and dev ops people to
manage the systems. In addition to the tech teams, fintechs need product
management, customer support, marketing, PR, sales, partnerships, technical
writing, account management for B2B, strategists, and business/data
analytics.”
— Cindy Snow
Sales is becoming increasingly hot within the fintech space.
A fintech sales employee smiles while on a call with a client.
“There's a lot of sales opportunities there [in fintech] as well. Because at
the end of the day, the best tech, fintech or other tech, for the most part,
is tech that enables better human connections, better human outcomes. So we
need sales to do that. We need people to tell the story. So whether you're a
tech, more of a technologist and you want to code and build products, that's
awesome. There's a ton of opportunity there, but then also there's a lot of
sales opportunity”
— Derek N.H. Notman, CFP
## Pursuing a Career in Fintech
There’s no direct pathway to a career in fintech. You could work in any area
of fintech, including: roboadvisors, investment apps, peer-to-peer (P2P)
lending, crypto apps, digital payments and more. If this is a professional
field that you’re really passionate about getting into, Snow recommends
immersing yourself by subscribing to free industry newsletters and podcasts.
She also advises reaching out to folks currently in the space for
informational interviews, along with building your knowledge of technical
concepts such as APIs and how systems work together to exchange information
and data.
Fintech is a unique space, says Notman, with so many avenues for growth and
change, especially in regard to startups. In addition to finding a fintech
company you can align with from “a philosophical level, values level, culture,
and community level,” try to find a niche and be prepared for possible
innovation.
“Fintech is an exciting field because money touches all of us and is an
integral part of our lives. Fintech is a very broad industry that includes
everything from buying and selling crypto, to neobanking, to budgeting
software. You could work for fintech companies that develop these products,
banks that partner and integrate with the fintechs, or B2B companies that
provide infrastructure and data to fintechs. There are so many ways to provide
value and participate in an industry that has the potential to reach people
who have traditionally been excluded from financial services.”
— Cindy Snow
## Explore more
* Despite the venture slowdown, fintech startups are still hiring by Mary Ann Azevedo for TechCrunch
* The Future Of Business To Business Banking: Fintech 50 2022 by Kevin Dowd for Forbes
* How Fintech Is Disrupting Wealth Management by Investopedia
* Fintech 50 2022: The Newcomers by Nina Bambysheva, Margherita Beale, Jason Bisnoff, Isabel Contreras, Michael del Castillo, Kevin Dowd, Steven Ehrlich, Jeff Kauflin, Jonathan Ponciano and Hank Tucker for Forbes
* The Fintech 50 2022 by Nina Bambysheva, Margherita Beale, Jason Bisnoff, Isabel Contreras, Michael del Castillo, Kevin Dowd, Steven Ehrlich, Jeff Kauflin, Jonathan Ponciano and Hank Tucker for Forbes
* What is Fintech? by Stephanie Walden for Forbes
## Meet the experts
Derek N.H. Notman, CFP is a fintech founder on a mission to transform the
financial services profession & industry with Couplr, Conneqtor, and Rethink.
Cindy Snow is a fintech strategy consultant at MX.
Uncover more great insights to help navigate your career in our workplace
content hub.
14 3 Comments
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H. Adam Holt, CFP®, ChFC®
nice! fintech journey!!!
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4mo
* Report this comment
Derek N.H. Notman, CFP®
This was a fun way to share some insights from my fintech journey thus far,
thank you Get Ahead by LinkedIn News & Mariah Flores for the opportunity!
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4mo
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Mariah Flores
Of course- thank you Derek for sharing your fintech journey!
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4mo
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## Contents
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* 1Meteorological history
* 2Preparations
* 2.1Micronesia and Palau
* 2.2Philippines
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Pacific typhoon in 2013
This article is about the 2013 typhoon. For other storms of the same name, see
Typhoon Haiyan (disambiguation) and Tropical Storm Yolanda.
Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda)Violent typhoon (JMA scale)
Category 5 super typhoon (SSHWS)
Haiyan Nov 7 2013 1345Z \(Borderless\).png
Typhoon Haiyan near its record peak intensity while approaching the
Philippines on November 7
FormedNovember 3, 2013
DissipatedNovember 11, 2013
Highest winds10-minute sustained: 230 km/h (145 mph)
1-minute sustained: 315 km/h (195 mph)
Lowest pressure895 hPa (mbar); 26.43 inHg
Fatalities6,352 confirmed, 1,771 missing
Damage$2.98 billion (2013 USD)
(Costliest in Philippine history)
Areas affectedMicronesia, Philippines, South China, Vietnam, Taiwan, Palau
Part of the 2013 Pacific typhoon season
History
* Meteorological history
Response
* Humanitarian response
Other wikis
* Commons: Haiyan images
Typhoon Haiyan, known in the Philippines as Super Typhoon Yolanda, was one of
the most powerful tropical cyclones ever recorded. On making landfall, Haiyan
devastated portions of Southeast Asia, particularly the Philippines.[1] It is
one of the deadliest Philippine typhoons on record,[2] killing at least 6,300
people in that country alone.[3] In terms of JTWC-estimated 1-minute sustained
winds, Haiyan is tied with Meranti in 2016 for being the second strongest
landfalling tropical cyclone on record, only behind Goni of 2020. As of
January 2014, bodies were still being found.[4] Haiyan was also the most
intense tropical cyclone worldwide in 2013. This typhoon is also the second
deadliest typhoon in the Philippines.
The 30th named storm, thirteenth typhoon, and fifth super typhoon of the 2013
Pacific typhoon season, Haiyan originated from an area of low pressure several
hundred kilometers east-southeast of Pohnpei in the Federated States of
Micronesia on November 2, 2013. Tracking generally westward, environmental
conditions favored tropical cyclogenesis and the system developed into a
tropical depression on the following day. After becoming a tropical storm and
being named Haiyan at 00:00 UTC on November 4, the system began a period of
rapid intensification that brought it to typhoon intensity by 18:00 UTC on
November 5. By November 6, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) assessed
the system as a Category 5-equivalent super typhoon on the Saffir–Simpson
hurricane wind scale (SSHWS); the storm passed over the island of Kayangel in
Palau shortly after attaining this strength.
Thereafter, Haiyan continued to intensify; at 12:00 UTC on November 7, the
Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) upgraded the storm's maximum ten-minute
sustained winds to 230 km/h (140 mph), the highest in relation to the storm.
The Hong Kong Observatory put the storm's maximum ten-minute sustained winds
at 285 km/h (177 mph)[5] prior to landfall in the central Philippines, while
the China Meteorological Administration (CMA) estimated the maximum two-minute
sustained winds at the time to be around 78 m/s (280 km/h or 175 mph). At the
same time, the JTWC estimated the system's one-minute sustained winds at 315
km/h (196 mph), unofficially making Haiyan the strongest tropical cyclone ever
observed based on wind speed, a record which would later be surpassed by
Hurricane Patricia in 2015 at 345 km/h (214 mph).[6]
Haiyan is also tied with Meranti in 2016, Goni in 2020 and Surigae in 2021 as
the most intense tropical cyclone in the Eastern Hemisphere by 1-minute
sustained winds; several others have recorded lower central pressure readings.
At 20:40 UTC on November 7, the eye of the typhoon made its first landfall in
the Philippines at Guiuan, Eastern Samar at peak strength. Gradually
weakening, the storm made five additional landfalls in the country before
emerging over the South China Sea. Turning northwestward, the typhoon
eventually struck northern Vietnam as a severe tropical storm on November 10.
Haiyan was last noted as a tropical depression by the JMA on the following
day.
The typhoon caused catastrophic destruction in the Visayas, particularly in
the islands of Samar and Leyte. According to UN officials, about 11 million
people were affected and many were left homeless; many people are still
missing as a result of this storm.[7]
## Meteorological history[edit]
Main article: Meteorological history of Typhoon Haiyan
Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson
scale
Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
Unknown
Storm type
circle Tropical cyclone
square Subtropical cyclone
triangle Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon
depression
On November 2, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) began monitoring a
broad low-pressure area about 425 kilometers (264 miles) east-southeast of
Pohnpei, one of the states in the Federated States of Micronesia.[nb 1] As the
system moved through a region favoring tropical cyclogenesis,[9] the Japan
Meteorological Agency (JMA) classified it as a tropical depression early on
November 3.[10][nb 2]
The system quickly intensified into a tropical storm, prompting the JMA to
assign it the name Haiyan (Chinese: 海燕; lit. 'petrel') at 00:00 UTC on
November 4.[10] Tracking generally westward along the southern periphery of a
subtropical ridge,[12] rapid intensification ensued by November 5 as a central
dense overcast with an embedded eye developing; the JMA classified Haiyan as a
typhoon later that day.[10] On November 6, the Philippine Atmospheric,
Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) assigned the
storm the local name Yolanda as it approached the Philippine Area of
Responsibility.[13]
Geographical images of Typhoon Haiyan (superimposed, 2013) and Hurricane
Katrina (2005) in the Gulf of Mexico for size and cloud top temperature
comparison
Intensification slowed somewhat during the day, though the JTWC estimated the
storm to have attained Category 5-equivalent super typhoon status on the
Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale (SSHWS) around 12:00 UTC.[nb 3][15] Later,
the eye of the typhoon passed over the island of Kayangel in Palau.[16]
Around 12:00 UTC on November 7, Haiyan attained ten-minute sustained winds of
230 km/h (140 mph) and a minimum central pressure of 895 mbar (hPa; 26.43
inHg).[10] Six hours later, the JTWC estimated Haiyan to have attained one-
minute sustained winds of 315 km/h (196 mph) and gusts up to 380 km/h (240
mph).[17] The storm displayed some characteristics of an annular tropical
cyclone, though a strong convective band remained present along the western
side of the system.[17]
Animated enhanced infrared satellite loop of Typhoon Haiyan from peak
intensity to landfall in the Philippines
At 20:40 UTC on November 7, Haiyan made landfall in Guiuan, Eastern Samar at
peak intensity.[18] The JTWC's unofficial estimate of one-minute sustained
winds of 305 km/h (190 mph) would, by that measure, make Haiyan the most
powerful storm ever recorded to strike land. This record was later broken by
Typhoon Goni in 2020.[19][20] Interaction with land caused a slight
degradation of the storm's structure, though it remained an exceptionally-
powerful storm when it struck Tolosa, Leyte around 23:00 UTC.[21] The typhoon
made four additional landfalls as it traversed the Visayas:[22] Daanbantayan,
Bantayan Island, Concepcion, and Busuanga Island.
Haiyan, with its core disrupted by land interaction with the Philippines,
emerged over the South China Sea late on November 8.[23] Environmental
conditions ahead of the storm soon became less favorable, as cool stable air
began wrapping into the western side of the storm's circulation.[24]
Continuing across the South China Sea, Haiyan turned more northwesterly late
on November 9 and through November 10, as it moved around the southwestern
edge of the subtropical ridge previously steering it westward.[25] Rapid
weakening ensued as Haiyan approached its final landfall in Vietnam,[26]
ultimately moving ashore in the country near Haiphong around 21:00 UTC, as a
severe tropical storm.[10] Once onshore, the storm quickly deteriorated and
was last noted as it dissipated over Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China,
on November 11.[10]
## Preparations[edit]
### Micronesia and Palau[edit]
Typhoon Haiyan near Palau on November 6
Upon JTWC's declaration of Tropical Depression 31W on November 3, a tropical
storm warning was issued for Chuuk Lagoon, Losap, and Poluwat in the Federated
States of Micronesia. Further west, Faraulep, Satawal, and Woleai, were placed
under a typhoon watch while Fananu and Ulul were placed under a tropical storm
watch.[27] The following day, the tropical storm warning expanded to include
Satawal while a typhoon warning was issued for Woleai.[28] Much of Yap State
and the islands of Koror and Kayangel in Palau were placed under a typhoon
watch.[29] The government issued a mandatory evacuation for Kayangel, and
although most residents ignored the warning, they all survived the storm.[16]
As Haiyan progressed westward, the easternmost advisories were gradually
discontinued.[29] As Haiyan intensified into a typhoon on November 5, warnings
were raised across Palau and Yap State.[30][31] Government offices in Melekeok
were used as an evacuation building for Palau.[32] Despite mandatory
evacuation orders, most residents on Kayangel remained on the island and rode
out the typhoon.[33]
### Philippines[edit]
PAGASA raised rainfall warning advisory in the Central and Eastern Visayas
during the passage of Haiyan (Yolanda).
Shortly before Haiyan entered the Philippine Area of Responsibility on
November 6, PAGASA raised Public Storm Warning Signal (PSWS) No.1, the lowest
of four levels, for much of the Visayas and Mindanao.[34] As the storm
continued to approach the country, warnings expanded into Luzon and increased
in severity for eastern areas.[35] By the evening of November 7, PSWS No. 4,
the highest level of warning which indicates winds in excess of 185 km/h (115
mph) are expected, was raised for Biliran Island, Eastern Samar, Leyte,
Northern Cebu, Metro Cebu, Samar, and Southern Leyte.[36][37] Through November
8, the coverage of PSWS No. 4 continued to expand, with areas in southern
Luzon being included.[38]
PSWS Map in the Philippines during the passage of Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda)
Officials placed police officers in the Bicol Region ahead of the storm.[39]
In the provinces of Samar and Leyte, classes were canceled, and residents in
flood- and landslide-prone areas were required to evacuate.[40] Some of the
storm-threatened areas were affected by an earlier earthquake in Bohol.[41]
Then-Philippine President Noynoy Aquino requested the military to deploy
planes and helicopters to the region expected to be affected.[42] As Haiyan
was moving very fast, PAGASA issued warnings at different levels to about 60
of the 80 provinces, including the capital Metro Manila.[43] On November 8,
the International Charter on Space and Major Disasters was activated,
providing widespread charitable satellite coverage to relief
organizations.[44]
### Southern China[edit]
The State Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters hoisted a level three
emergency response in the provinces of Hainan, Guangdong and Guangxi. All
fishing vessels were urged to return to ports by noon on November 9.[45] The
Hong Kong Observatory issued the Strong Monsoon Signal at 19:10 HKT on
November 9,[46] and it was still in place on November 13.[47]
### Vietnam[edit]
On November 8, Prime Minister Nguyễn Tấn Dũng activated the highest state of
preparedness in the country.[48] Approximately 600,000 people across southern
and central provinces were evacuated while a further 200,000 were evacuated in
northern provinces. Alerts were sent to 85,328 seagoing vessels, with a
collective crew of 385,372 people, to sail to safer waters away from the
storm. Requests were sent to China, Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Philippines
to aid any fishermen who needed immediate shelter from the typhoon.[49]
Threatening Vietnam after two other typhoons, Wutip and Nari, there were
concerns that the storm would cause significant damage to homes with makeshift
repairs.[50] Roughly 460,000 military personnel and other authorities were
mobilized to assist in evacuation efforts.[49] Hundreds of flights were
canceled across the country while schools were closed on November 11. On the
small island of Cồn Cỏ, all residents were moved to underground shelters with
enough supplies for several days.[51] The International Federation of Red
Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) branches in Vietnam prepared relief
stockpiles, consisting of food, water, housing material, and ₫6.6 billion
(US$310,000) in funds.[49] The local United Nations Resident Coordinator,
Pratibha Mehta, praised the government's actions and credited them with saving
numerous lives.[48] However, there were complaints from many residents that
the warnings came too late.[51]
## Impact[edit]
Fatalities by region Region Deaths Missing
Philippines 6,300 1,061
Vietnam 14 4
Mainland China[52] 30 6
Taiwan 8 0
Total 6,352 1,071
### Micronesia[edit]
As the storm brushed Eauripik, strong winds and heavy rain battered much of
Micronesia. In Eauripik, one canoe house and three residential properties were
damaged and banana and breadfruit trees were damaged. In Woleai, banana and
breadfruit trees were damaged. In Ifalik, minor inundation at coastal areas
and banana and breadfruit trees were damaged.[53]
### Palau[edit]
On Kayangel in Palau, a high storm surge damaged several houses,[32] while
strong winds downed trees.[16] Despite residents' refusal to evacuate, no
fatalities or major injuries took place on the island. Helicopters were flown
to the island to survey the damage and provide relief supplies. The government
planned to evacuate those who were left homeless from the island.[33] Koror,
Babeldaob and Kayangel each lost access to water and power.[16] In Koror,
winds reaching as high as 120 km/h (75 mph) blew out rooftops and downed trees
and power lines. A causeway linking an offshore hospital to the main island
was temporarily shut down after being inundated by water.[54] On the northern
end of Babeldaob, Haiyan damaged schools and buildings.[32] Lying closest to
Haiyan at the time of the typhoon's passage, Kayangel was flooded in its
entirety, and all homes were destroyed. Though no people were killed there, 69
others were displaced by the storm.[54]
### Philippines[edit]
Deadliest Philippine typhoons Rank Storm Season Fatalities Ref.
1 "Haiphong" 1881 20,000 [55]
2 Yolanda (Haiyan) 2013 6,300 [56]
3 Uring (Thelma) 1991 5,101–8,000 [57]
4 Pablo (Bopha) 2012 1,901 [57]
5 "Angela" 1867 1,800 [58]
6 Winnie 2004 1,593 [58]
7 "October 1897" 1897 1,500 [58][59]
8 Nitang (Ike) 1984 1,426 [60]
9 Reming (Durian) 2006 1,399 [58][57]
10 Frank (Fengshen) 2008 1,371 [nb 4][61][62]
PAGASA Cebu City weather radar reflectivity loop from November 8, 2013
Weather radar reflectivity loop of Haiyan's landfall on Leyte Island. Tacloban
City was struck by the northern eyewall, the most powerful part of the storm,
which obliterated much of the city.[63]
Typhoon Haiyan, called Yolanda in the Philippines, caused catastrophic damage
throughout much of the islands of Leyte, where cities and towns were largely
destroyed.[64] By April 17, 2016, the National Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Council (NDRRMC) confirmed 6,300 fatalities across the country,
5,902 of those taking place in the Eastern Visayas.[3] However, the true death
toll remains unclear.
In Surigao City, 281.9 mm (11.10 in) of rainfall was recorded, much of which
fell in under 12 hours.[65] Storm surges were also recorded in many places. In
the island of Leyte and Samar, PAGASA measured 5–6 m (16–20 ft) waves.[66] In
Tacloban, Leyte, the terminal building of Tacloban Airport was destroyed by a
5.2 m (17 ft) storm surge up to the height of the second story.[67] Along the
airport, a storm surge of 4 m (13 ft) was estimated.[68] Waves of 4.6 m (15
ft) were also estimated.[69] On the western coast of Samar, the storm surge
was not as significant.[70]
Haiyan's first landfall was at Guiuan in Eastern Samar, where the typhoon
touched down at 4:40 am.[71][72] Nearly all structures in the township
suffered at least partial damage, many of which were completely flattened.[73]
For several days following Haiyan's first landfall, the damage situation in
the fishing town remained unclear due to lack of communication in and out of
the area.[74] The damage could finally be assessed after Philippine Air Force
staff arrived in Guiuan on November 10.[75] Prior to this, a local priest was
able to take his motorbike from Guiuan to the cities of Catbalogan and
Calbayog (also in Samar) armed with photos of the devastation, shot on his
mobile phone.[76]
There was widespread devastation from the storm surge in Tacloban City
especially in San Jose, with many buildings being destroyed, trees knocked
over or broken, and cars piled up.[69] The low-lying areas on the eastern side
of Tacloban city were hardest hit, with some areas completely washed away.
Flooding also extended for 1 km (0.62 mi) inland on the east coast of the
province.[69] City administrator Tecson John Lim stated that roughly 90
percent of the city had been destroyed.[64] Journalists on the ground have
described the devastation as, "off the scale, and apocalyptic".[77] Most
families in Samar and Leyte lost some family members or relatives; families
came in from outlying provinces looking for relatives, especially children,
who may have been washed away.[78] The entire first floor of the Tacloban City
Convention Center, which was serving as an evacuation shelter, was submerged
by storm surge. Many residents in the building were caught off-guard by the
fast-rising waters and subsequently drowned or were injured in the
building.[79]
Although wind speeds were extreme, the major cause of damage and loss of life
appears to have been from the storm surge. The major focus of devastation
appears to have been on the east coast of Samar and Leyte, with a particular
focus on Tacloban, because of its location between Samar and Leyte, and the
large population in low-lying areas.[70] Philippine Department of the Interior
and Local Government (DILG) Secretary Mar Roxas said the scale of the relief
operation that was now required was overwhelming, with some places described
as a wasteland of mud and debris.[80]
Costliest Philippine typhoons Rank Storm Season Damage Ref.
PHP USD
1 Yolanda (Haiyan) 2013 ₱95.5 billion $2.2 billion [81]
2 Odette (Rai) 2021 ₱51.8 billion $1.02 billion [82]
3 Pablo (Bopha) 2012 ₱43.2 billion $1.06 billion [83]
4 Glenda (Rammasun) 2014 ₱38.6 billion $771 million [84]
5 Ompong (Mangkhut) 2018 ₱33.9 billion $627 million [85]
6 Pepeng (Parma) 2009 ₱27.3 billion $581 million [86]
7 Ulysses (Vamco) 2020 ₱20.2 billion $418 million [87]
8 Rolly (Goni) 2020 ₱20 billion $369 million [88]
9 Pedring (Nesat) 2011 ₱15.6 billion $356 million [83]
10 Lando (Koppu) 2015 ₱14.4 billion $313 million [89]
Sebastian Rhodes Stampa, head of a UN disaster assessment coordination team,
said there was "destruction on a massive scale" in Tacloban. "There are cars
thrown like tumbleweeds and the streets are strewn with debris. The last time
I saw something of this scale was in the aftermath of the [2004] Indian Ocean
tsunami."[69] There was little communication in the city and no mobile phone
coverage. Up the east coast of Leyte, there were numerous towns and villages
that were completely cut off without any assistance. Large parts of Leyte and
Samar were without power for weeks.[77]
The storm crossed the Visayas region for almost a day, causing widespread
flooding. In Cebu and Bohol, struck by a magnitude 7.2 earthquake two weeks
before, cities were also severely devastated.[90] During the morning of
November 8, media stations across the country were able to broadcast live the
destruction of Haiyan. However, before the afternoon, all communications on
the Visayas region failed. The Presidential Communications Department of
President Benigno Aquino III had difficulty contacting DILG Secretary Mar
Roxas and Defense Secretary Voltaire Gazmin in Tacloban City to plan
relief.[91] Widespread power interruptions, landslides, and flash floods were
also reported. Major roads were blocked by trees, and impassable. 453 domestic
and international airline flights were canceled. Some airports were also
closed on November 8 and 9. Ferries were affected. Relief and rescue efforts
were underway by November 9, but some places remained isolated and out of
communication due to severe damage.[92]
Haiyan tossed up large car-sized boulders, the heaviest of them weighing 180
tons, onto Calicoan Island in Eastern Samar, of which a few were carried
uphill 10 m (33 ft). This is considered the biggest weight ever moved during a
tropical cyclone since record-keeping began.[93] NDRRMC finally confirmed a
total of 6,300 deaths in the Philippines, and total damages were estimated at
PH₱95.48 billion (US$2.2 billion).[3]
### Taiwan[edit]
Along the coast of Gongliao District, New Taipei, 16 people were swept out to
sea by three 8 m (26 ft) waves. After several hours of search and rescue,
eight were hospitalized while the other eight drowned. This was considered the
largest loss of life from waves in Taiwan in several years.[94] In May 2014,
the Taiwan Keelung District Prosecutors Office [zh] confirmed that Typhoon
Haiyan is responsible for the 8 deaths.[95] Agricultural damage in Tainan were
amounted to NT$400–500 million (US$13.5–16.9 million).[96]
### Hong Kong[edit]
One person also went missing off the coast of Lantau Island, Hong Kong.[97]
### Southern China[edit]
Typhoon Haiyan reached Hainan Province, where severe damage took place and six
people were killed in various incidents.[98] The hardest hit area was
Qionghai, where roughly 3,500 people across 20 villages were isolated due to
extensive flooding.[99]
30 people were killed, while direct economic losses in China amounted to ¥4.58
billion (US$752 million).[52] An estimated 1.21 million people were affected,
of whom 26,300 were evacuated. Two people died while four others went missing
after a car fell off a flooded road into a river near Beihai, Guangxi.[100]
Losses throughout Guangxi amounted to ¥275 million (US$45.2 million).[98][101]
Approximately 900 homes and 25,500 hectares of crops were destroyed, while
8,500 homes were damaged. Additionally, an estimated 3 million people were
affected by the storm throughout Southern China.[102] A cargo ship broke
moorings at Sanya, Hainan on November 8;[103] three members of the crew
drowned while four others went missing.[101]
### Vietnam[edit]
Haiyan produced high winds and widespread heavy rainfall which affected
northern Vietnam.[104] Rainfall totals of up to 461 mm (18.1 in) and wind
gusts of up to 147 km/h (91 mph) were recorded.[104] Ten people were killed
while they were preparing for Haiyan's landfall, while no one was killed after
the system made landfall; however, 4 people are missing in Quảng Ninh
Province.[104] In all, Haiyan killed 18 people, and left two missing with 93
others being injured.[105] Economic losses in Vietnam were amounted to ₫669
billion (US$31.67 million).[106]
## Aftermath and retirement[edit]
Deadliest Pacific typhoons Rank Typhoon Season Fatalities Ref.
1 Nina 1975 229,000 [107]
2 July 1780 Typhoon 1780 100,000 [108]
3 July 1862 Typhoon 1862 80,000 [109]
4 "Shantou" 1922 60,000 [107]
5 "China" 1912 50,000 [107]
6 "Haiphong" 1881 23,000 [110][111][112]
7 "Hong Kong" 1937 10,000 [107]
8 Joan 1964 7,000 [113]
9 Haiyan 2013 6,352 [114]
10 Vera 1959 >5,000 [107]
Main article: List of tropical cyclone records
Due to the catastrophic loss of life caused by the storm, the name Haiyan was
retired from its naming lists during the 2014 annual session the ESCAP/WMO
Typhoon Committee, and was therefore replaced by the name Bailu.[115] The name
was first used in the 2019 season. PAGASA also announced that the name Yolanda
would be stricken off the typhoon naming lists.[116][117] PAGASA chose the
name Yasmin to replace Yolanda for the 2017 season.
### Philippines[edit]
Animated satellite comparison of power outages across the Visayas following
Typhoon Haiyan
Map of damaged houses by municipality showing track of storm, from the United
Nations, as of November 18, 2013
An aerial view of Guiuan, the town where the typhoon made its first landfall
Destruction in Basey, Samar after the typhoon passed over the town
By November 11, the provinces of Aklan, Capiz, Cebu, Iloilo, Leyte, Palawan,
and Samar were placed under a state of national calamity, allowing the
government to use state funds for relief and rehabilitation and to control
prices of basic goods.[118] Additionally, approximately ₱30.6 million
(US$700,000) had been allocated in relief assistance by the NDRRMC. Local and
national agencies deployed a collective 18,177 personnel, 844 vehicles, 44
seagoing vessels, and 31 aircraft for various operations.[3] CBCP also
declared 8 days of mourning for victims of the typhoon on the same
date.[119][120]
World Health Organization Representative in the Philippines Dr. Julie Hall
noted that while many survivors requiring medical attention in the first week
suffer from trauma and fractures, the concern shifts toward chronic conditions
as the weeks pass. The WHO coordinated the massive international response to
help the Philippine government meet the acute need for healthcare services in
the affected areas.[121]
Extreme damage to infrastructure throughout the region posed logistical
problems that greatly slowed relief efforts. Though aid was flown into local
airports, most of it remained there as roads remained closed.[122] According
to estimates on November 13, only 20 percent of the affected population in
Tacloban City was receiving aid. With a lack of access to clean water, some
residents dug up water pipes and boiled water from there in order to survive.
Thousands of people sought to evacuate the city via C-130 cargo planes,
however, the slow process fueled further aggravation. Reports of escaped
prisoners raping women in the city prompted a further urgency to evacuate. One
resident was quoted as saying "Tacloban is a dead city."[64] Due to the lack
of electricity, planes could only operate during the daylight, further slowing
the evacuations. At dawn on November 12, thousands of people broke through
fences and rushed towards planes only to be forced back by police and military
personnel. A similar incident occurred later that day as a U.S. cargo plane
was landing.[123]
On November 14, a correspondent from the BBC reported Tacloban to be a "war
zone", although the situation soon stabilized when the presence of government
law enforcement was increased. Safety concerns prompted several relief
agencies to back out of the operation, and some United Nations staff were
pulled out for safety reasons. A message circulating among the agencies urged
them to not go into Tacloban for this reason.[124] On the west coast of Leyte
Island, residents in Ormoc were fearing that the focus on Tacloban City would
leave them without aid. Though not as hard hit, roughly 90 percent of the city
was damaged or destroyed and supplies were running low. Hospitals in the city
were either shut down or working at partial capacity, leaving many of the
nearly 2,000 injured in the city without medical assistance. In nearby Baybay,
lack of assistance fueled anger and incited looting for survival.[125]
In the coastal community Guiuan, which took the full brunt of the typhoon,
Mayor Christopher Gonzalez is credited with saving countless lives after he
incessantly urged residents to evacuate. He referred to the storm as "delubyo
(deluge)", which roughly translates to Armageddon. Of the town's 45,000
residents, 87 died, 931 were injured, and 23 others were listed as missing.
U.S. Navy Capt. Russell Hays, a medical officer, estimated that a storm of
Haiyan's caliber could have killed as many as 4,500 in Guiuan alone had it not
been for the mayor's efforts.[126]
On November 18, the government of the Philippines launched an online portal,
called the Foreign Aid Transparency Hub (FaiTH), that provides the public a
transparency view of the funds and other aids received by the government from
the international community.[127][128]
To lead the management and rehabilitation efforts of the central provinces in
the Philippines affected by Typhoon Haiyan, Philippines President Benigno
Aquino III appointed Panfilo Lacson as Typhoon Haiyan Rehabilitation
Czar.[129]
#### Environmental impact[edit]
Devastated coconut trees in Guiuan
Typhoon Haiyan knocked over Power Barge 103 of NAPOCOR in Estancia, Iloilo
causing an oil spill.[130][131][132][133] As a result of the typhoon, the
government is planning to replant mangroves in coastal areas while preserving
the remaining ones.[134] Affected residents were allowed to return to their
homes by the Department of Health on December 7, 2013, after an air quality
test found out that benzene levels in affected areas reached near-zero parts
per million. Earlier, residents were asked to evacuate affected areas as the
benzene levels had reached unhealthy amounts.[135]
#### Looting and violence[edit]
The remains of a home destroyed by the storm in Tacloban City
Throughout Tacloban City, widespread looting took place in the days following
Haiyan's passage. In some instances, relief trucks were attacked and had food
stolen in the city. Two of the city's malls and numerous grocery stores were
subjected to looting. A fuel depot in the city was guarded by armed police
while 200 additional officers were dispatched to assist.[136] Security
checkpoints had since been set up all over Tacloban and a curfew was imposed
on residents to prevent more attacks.[137] Philippine military forces also
prevented members of the New People's Army from ambushing a relief convoy
bound for Samar in Matnog, Sorsogon, killing two.[138] President Benigno
Aquino III considered declaring martial law in hopes of restoring order in
affected areas.[139][140]
Looting intensified as slow recovery efforts forced residents to seek any
means necessary to survive. Tacloban city administrator Tecson John Lim
stated, "The looting is not criminality. It is self-preservation." The Chicago
Tribune reported that some areas were on the brink of anarchy, though Interior
Secretary Mar Roxas denied such claims.[64] Further complicating efforts to
retain order was the lack of officers reporting for work. In Tacloban, only
100 of the city's 1,300 police personnel reported for duty.[123] In
Alangalang, just west of Tacloban, eight people were crushed to death after
the walls of a warehouse collapsed during a raid on a government rice
stockpile. Approximately 33,000 bags of rice, each weighing 50 kg (110 lb),
were stolen. Warehouses were also raided in Jaro and Palo. Throughout the city
of Tacloban itself, people began looting from homes as stores had been
completely emptied.[64]
#### Criticism of government response[edit]
Color coded map of Eastern Visayas showing the number of deaths caused by
Typhoon Haiyan.
More than 1,000
500-999
100-499
50-99
25-49
1-24
0
Condemnations of slow government action in the relief effort in response to
the typhoon mounted days after the storm had passed. Media reports criticized
the Aquino administration for apparent lack of preparation and coordination
among government agencies in the aid operation.[141][142] Up until November
12, five days after the typhoon struck, survivors continued to struggle with
basic necessities such as food, water, and shelter while remote towns in Leyte
and Samar were yet to be reached by aid.[143] The Philippine government
responded by saying that they have dealt with the tragedy "quite well" but the
response had been slow due to the breakdown of the local governance in
affected areas where officials and employees, who were usually the first to
respond in these events, were victims of the typhoon themselves.[144] Cabinet
Secretary Jose Rene Almendras said that the national government had to take
over despite logistical challenges and assured it is working toward providing
aid the quickest way possible to the survivors.[145] The national Government
was also criticized for putting the responsibility of handling the dead to the
Bureau of Fire instead to the Department of Health. Dr. Racquel Fortun, one of
the forensic experts to go to the area three days after the typhoon insisted
that handling of the bodies is a health matter and therefore a responsibility
of DOH.[146]
One of the biggest controversies of Typhoon Haiyan is probably the number of
victims or the body count. According to the Philippine government sources, the
number of those killed during the typhoon ranges from 4,000 to 6,000
individuals while some sources claim that the body count reaches up to
15,000.[147][148][149]
In 2018, coinciding the fifth year mark of the disaster, the survivors again
protested against the government's slow response on rehabilitation efforts,
displaying the caricature of President Rodrigo Duterte, who was the Mayor of
Davao City at the time of the disaster.[150] However, in November 2018, the
National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA) confirmed that the budget
is under the 2016 "Yolanda" Recovery & Reconstruction Program that "remained
untapped & were not released" until the expiration of the validity of the
funds last December 31, 2017, during President Duterte's second year in
office.[151]
#### Humanitarian crisis and population displacement[edit]
The Philippines faced a humanitarian crisis days after the typhoon hit much of
the Visayas with 1.8 million homeless and more than 6,000,000 displaced.[152]
In Tacloban alone, ninety percent of the structures are either destroyed or
damaged while other cities, such as Ormoc, are reporting similar damage.[153]
The United Nations fear that the possibility of the spread of disease is high
due to the lack of food, water, shelter, and medication. Casualties have been
reported as a result of the lack of aid in affected areas and the number of
dead is likely to rise.[154]
As a result of the damage in Tacloban and much of Leyte, thousands of people
who once lived in the area left and made their way into less affected areas
such as Cebu and Manila.[155] Catbalogan reported that their population more
than doubled after the typhoon with the influx of refugees into the city.[156]
Around 20,000 people have fled to Manila as a result of the storm.[157]
Typhoon Haiyan has been acknowledged as a sort of "trauma milestone" for
mental health awareness in the Philippines – where Filipinos had previously
seen counseling as an admission of weakness, it began to be acknowledged as "a
sign of how extraordinary the circumstances are."[158]
#### International response[edit]
Main article: Humanitarian response to Typhoon Haiyan
Summary of international relief efforts in the Philippines following Typhoon
Haiyan Country Cash donation
(in US dollars) Humanitarian aid and supplies Other aid Source
Australia $70 million Emergency and humanitarian supplies. Royal Australian
Air Force and Royal Australian Navy's HMAS Tobruk deployed with Australian
Medical Assistance Team and supplies. [159][160]
[161]
Bahrain 90 tons of relief supplies. [162]
Bangladesh $1 million [163]
Belgium $677,000 Humanitarian aid. Field hospital, water purification
system, 5 medical doctors, 13 nurses, and 10 logistic personnel. [164]
Brunei Humanitarian aid and relief supplies. Emergency team deployed.
Aircraft from the Royal Brunei Air Force deployed with supplies. [165]
Canada $40 million Humanitarian aid;
water purification units;
infrastructure repair teams;
medical units Three hundred members of the Canadian military Disaster
Assistance Response Team (DART) and their equipment are sent, along with three
additional Griffon helicopters. Canadian Medical Assistance Team deployed
several mobile primary medical teams, to assist under-serviced rural and
remote communities in northern Cebu, and western and central Leyte.
GlobalMedic, a Toronto-based NGO has three teams of rescuers and medics
dispatched to the disaster zone along with large quantities of water
purification supplies and equipment. [166][167]
[168][169]
[170][171]
Chile Humanitarian aid. [172]
China $1.4 million Deployed the naval hospital ship, Peace Ark. [173][174]
Denmark $7.8 million Humanitarian aid. Provided UN with the emergency
response base camp and infrastructure to facilitate the rapid humanitarian
relief efforts. [175][176]
Finland $2.2 million Three disaster relief experts sent to Tacloban [177]
France $1.4 million Sent 70 tons of relief supplies and a team of 61 persons
from the Sécurité Civile, to restore electricity and water supplies, and
others. [178]
Germany 23 tons of aid. Rescue teams sent. [179]
Holy See $150,000 [180]
Hong Kong Call to postpone economic sanctions. $5.16 million given to
international charities. [181][182]
[183]
Iceland $100,000 [184]
India 15 tonnes of relief supplies. [185]
Indonesia $1 million Humanitarian aid of goods and logistics worth $1
million. Indonesian Red Cross sent 688,862 tonnes emergency supplies. Three
Indonesian Air Force Hercules aircraft deployed with supplies to affected
areas. Logistical aid including aircraft, food, generators and medicine. The
Indonesian Red Cross deployed KM Emir cargo ship loaded with emergency
supplies and also 30 Indonesian Red Cross volunteers. [186][187]
[188][189]
Ireland $1.36 million 100 tonnes of emergency supplies. [190]
Israel Sent members of the Israeli Foreign Ministry and the Israeli Defense
Forces' Home Command. [191]
Italy $1.36 million [192]
Japan $52 million Humanitarian aid. Deployed the JDS Ise (DDH-182) and JDS
Ōsumi (LST-4001) and Boeing KC-767 and C-130J Hercules along with 1,180
members of the Japanese Self-Defense Forces.The Japan Disaster Relief team was
also deployed. [193][194]
[195][196]
[197]
Kuwait $10 million [198]
Malaysia $1 million Essential relief supplies and humanitarian aid. Malaysian
Filipino community collected supplies to be sent. Aircraft from the Royal
Malaysian Air Force deployed with supplies. The Malaysian disaster relief team
was also deployed. [199][200]
[201][202]
[203]
Mexico $1 million [204]
Netherlands $49 million [citation needed]
New Zealand $1.22 million 30 tonnes of food and medical supplies.
[205][206]
Norway $41.6 million 100 tonnes of food and 70 tonnes of communication
equipment. In addition to the aid provided by the Norwegian government,
Norwegians supported various aid agencies, such as the Norwegian Red Cross and
the Norwegian branch of Save the Children, with donations through texting
reaching 30 million NOK (US$4.9 million). On October 24, a relief concert with
various Norwegian artists was held in Norway for the victims of the typhoon in
the Philippines. During the 70-minute TV broadcast, Norwegians donated another
24.7 million NOK (US$4 million). [207][208]
[209][210]
[211][212]
[213][214]
Panama 200,000 worth of humanitarian aid. [citation needed]
Qatar 80 tonnes of relief supplies. [215]
Russia Over 200 personnel from the Ministry of Emergency Situations deployed
for medical and relief efforts, alongside one of their largest plane used as
supply plane. [216][217]
Saudi Arabia $10 million Relief supplies. Saudi Prince Talal bin Abdul Aziz
pledged $100,000 in behalf of the Arab Gulf Program for Development (AGFUND).
[218][219]
[220]
Singapore $276,000 Humanitarian aid. Aircraft from the Republic of Singapore
Air Force deployed with supplies. [221][222]
South Africa Rescue South Africa Disaster Response Team sent. The 50 man
trauma/rescue team treated patients and repaired the Abuyog District Hospital.
[223]
South Korea $25 million Humanitarian aid including Humanitarian teams and
Relief goods(family tents, water purifiers, beef fried rice, blankets, and
sanitation kits) turned over to DSWD. Deployed Emergency relief team (two
batches of medical and rescue personnel, 17-man survey team). Pledged USD 5M
worth of assistance and US$20M ODA for construction and rehabilitation from
2014 to 2016. Deployed 2 C-130 planes, Bi Ro Bong LST and Sung In Bong LST for
humanitarian transport along with 520 members of the Republic of Korea Army.
[224]
[225][226][227][228]
Spain $1.8 million The Spanish government also chartered two flights that
brought 35 tons of humanitarian aid to the disaster area. [229]
Sweden $1.5 million The Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency (MSB) sent tents,
telecommunications equipment and other supplies [230]
Switzerland $5.4 million 21 tons of Emergency Assistance. Members of Swiss
Humanitarian Aid Unit sent. [231]
Taiwan $200,000 680 tons of relief supplies. Estimated total amount of
donated relief materials and money reached US$12.3 million as of mid-December.
Taiwan, by Navy and Air Force, is the first country delivering relief supplies
to Philippines.[232] A 35-person team organized by the Taiwan Root Medical
Peace Corps arrived in the affected areas to provide free medical assistance.
Aircraft from the Republic of China Air Force and Republic of China Navy
vessel deployed with supplies.
[233][234]
Thailand Humanitarian aid. [235]
Turkey Humanitarian supplies. [236]
United Arab Emirates $10 million [237]
United Kingdom $131 million Deployed HMS Daring and HMS Illustrious and
Royal Air Force C-130J – stationed in Cebu delivering over 235,000 of aid –
and Royal Air Force Boeing C-17 Globemaster III for Humanitarian Aid and
Relief (HADR) efforts. [238][239]
[240]
United States $86.7 million Deployed the USS George Washington (CVN-73) and
her embarked carrier strike group, along with the 31st Marine Expeditionary
Unit, embarked aboard the USS Ashland and USS Germantown, of Amphibious
Squadron 11. At its peak, the U.S. military efforts included more than 13,400
military personnel from the US Marine Corps, US Navy and US Air Force. 66
aircraft were involved in the mission including the fixed-wing C17
Globemaster, C-130 Hercules and MV-22 Osprey of the 3rd Marine Expeditionary
Brigade, as well as MH-60 Seahawk helicopters. 12 U.S. Navy vessels responded
in all. The US also deployed the United States Agency for International
Development and Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance crisis response teams to
oversee military operations, and coordinate the US government response with
the government of the Philippines. [241][242]
[243][244][245][246]
Vietnam $100,000 [247][248]
#### Supranational bodies[edit]
Debris littering the streets of Tacloban City on November 14, nearly a week
after the storm struck
Devastation in the town of Basey, Samar, where more than 300 individuals
perished due to storm surge
The United Nations said it was going to increase critical relief operations as
a result of the devastation caused by the typhoon. Its Manila office issued a
statement that read, "Access remains a key challenge as some areas are still
cut off from relief operations. Unknown numbers of survivors do not have basic
necessities such as food, water, and medicines and remain inaccessible for
relief operations, as roads, airports, and bridges were destroyed or covered
in wreckage."[249] The United Nations also began relief operations by this
time; however, the severe damage to infrastructure hampered efforts to
distribute supplies.[136] The UN activated the Cluster System, in which groups
of humanitarian organizations (UN and non-UN) work to restore health, shelter,
nutrition and economic activity.[250]
The World Health Organization, which leads the Health Cluster, the largest
one, has developed guidance on donations of medicine and healthcare equipment
so that the Philippines receives supplies appropriate for this emergency.
According to WHO, many people suffered cuts, wounds, and broken bones during
the disaster and others were injured in flooding that followed the
typhoon.[251] Interpol announced that they would send in Interpol officers
from Lyon to help local law enforcement identify any of the corpses that are
unidentified.[252]
The World Health Organization has spearheaded initiatives among help workers,
especially from the Department of Health (Philippines), in extending
Psychological First Aid to people in typhoon-affected areas. WHO
Representative in the country Dr Julie Hall foresees long-lasting effects from
the typhoon. She calls for increased preparedness to give support to families
and communities for the long-term, citing the need for more trained field
workers.[253]
#### Celebrities, companies, and NGOs[edit]
American band Journey donated $350,000 to help relief efforts in the
Philippines, and its lead singer had a message for his homeland: "Don't Stop
Believin'". Arnel Pineda (the band's Filipino vocalist) and the rest of the
band announced the donation on November 15, 2013. It will go to the United
Nations World Food Programme, which is providing Filipinos with food
assistance. The donation should provide 1.4 million meals.[254] IKEA, Walmart,
Samsung, and HSBC are among those taking advantage of the event to donate to
those in need.[255][256] Northwestern Mutual announced they will donate
$100,000 to the American Red Cross.[257] The Coca-Cola Company says they have
donated $2.5 million of their advertising budget to the relief efforts as of
November 25.[258] By mid-December, FIFA donated $1 million.[259] DHL deployed
its Asia Pacific Disaster Response Team to the disaster areas to provide on-
the-ground logistics support to assist with the relief effort in the aftermath
of the devastating Typhoon Haiyan. Three rotating teams made up of volunteer
employees from the Asia Pacific region were based at the Mactan Cebu Airport
on Cebu island, providing support and assistance to the country's most
affected areas west of Leyte Island, including Guiuan, Roxas, and Tacloban
city.[260] Many smaller initiatives were founded as well – e.g. to prepare by
donating to children a typhoon-ready backpack as a floating device.[261]
U.S. Marines assisting in the Philippine disaster relief
Sixteen-time NBA Champions Los Angeles Lakers donated $150,000[262] to the
Philippine Red Cross to aid the typhoon-affected victims. During their home
game against the Memphis Grizzlies, Kobe Bryant handed the check to the Junior
NBA players representing the Philippines. His teammate, Pau Gasol, pledged to
donate $1,000 per point to UNICEF[263] with the directive to help victims of
Super Typhoon Haiyan in the country as well. He scored 24 points in a won game
against the Golden State Warriors. Major League Baseball donated $200,000 to
UNICEF and the American Red Cross, with Commissioner Bud Selig encouraging
fans to donate to the organizations.[264] UNICEF delivered portable toilets
and hygiene supplies to the region and also appealed for $34 million to help
the four million children affected.[265] The American Red Cross announced that
they collected $11 million in donations for the Philippines Relief Fund.[266]
Mercy Corps dispatched an "emergency response" team to help with humanitarian
efforts.[267] MAP International launched medical relief efforts providing over
$10 million in medicines and supplies to the Philippines.
Among the NGO responses, among the most comprehensive disaster response came
from the Taiwan-based "Buddhist Tzu Chi Foundation". Archived from the
original on November 29, 2014., which organized a large-scale cash-for-work
program in Tacloban from Nov 20 to Dec 8 with up to 31,000 participants per
day, totaling nearly 300,000-day shifts. This operation not only helped clean
out the thousands of tons of debris covering the city, but also kick-started
the local economy. Tzu Chi also contributed emergency cash aid of 8000, 12000
or 15000 pesos depending on family size for over 60,000 families in the
affected areas of Tacloban, Ormoc, Palo, Tanauan and Tunga, and has been
providing free clinics, hot meals, and temporary classrooms for over 15
schools in the area. Doctors Without Borders is sending 200 tons of
aid.[247][268] The International Society for Krishna Consciousness's Food For
Life Global, the world's largest vegan food relief organisation, raised money
and provided vegan meals in the Philippines to Typhoon Haiyan
survivors.[269][270] Other NGOs run by faith-based organisations that raised
money and/or aided in the disaster relief efforts of Typhoon Haiyan included
Catholic Relief Services,[271] Catholic Medical Mission Board (CMMB),[271]
Adventist Development and Relief Agency (ADRA),[271] LDS Philanthropies,[272]
American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee (AJJDC),[271] Samaritan's
Purse,[271] Salvation Army,[271] Christian Children's Fund of Canada,[271] MAP
International and World Vision.[271] International Responders for Emergencies
and Disasters endured the storm and despite losing equipment and personnel,
they contributed to over $100,000 in aid and supplied rescuer workers for 3
months.[273]
The Iglesia ni Cristo (INC), the largest indigenous Christian church based in
the Philippines held series of massive relief distributions and medical and
dental missions to affected population of the storm to different parts of
Visayas.[274] The humanitarian mission was done under the "Lingap sa
Mamamayan" (Aid for Humanity) project in cooperation with the Felix Y. Manalo
(FYM) Foundation Inc., the INC's charitable arm.[275][276] The church
conducted the largest walk for a cause in the world (walkathon) on February
15, 2014, dubbed as 'Iglesia ni Cristo World Wide Walk for Those Affected by
Typhoon Yolanda/Haiyan'.[277][278] The walk for a cause raised millions of
money to help the victims of the super typhoon for the construction of their
houses and shelters. The aim of the activity is to make the world understand
that Haiyan survivors are still in dire need of help and financial assistance.
Indeed, the worldwide walk caught the attention of the world when it broke two
Guinness world records as the largest charity walk in a single venue (Manila,
Philippines) with 175,000 participants, and largest charity walk in 24 hours
for multiple venues (from Christchurch, New Zealand to Hawaii, USA) in 13 time
zones, 54 countries, 24 hours with 519, 521 participants.[279][280]
Celebrities such as David and Victoria Beckham,[281] Stephen Colbert,[282] Kim
Kardashian,[citation needed] David Guetta,[283] and The X Factor contributed
to the fundraising.[284] On November 26, iTunes released a compilation album
entitled Songs for the Philippines featuring different artists, including Katy
Perry, Madonna, Bob Dylan, and The Beatles.[285] All proceeds will go to the
Philippine Red Cross.[285] OneRepublic donated $100,000 on November 30,
2013.[286] Other celebrities that offered their support included Linkin Park,
The Offspring,[287] Alicia Keys,[288] and Justin Bieber.[289] To promote 20th
Century Fox's upcoming film The Secret Life of Walter Mitty, the studio hired
YouTube personality & filmmaker Casey Neistat to make a promotional video
based on the theme, "live your dreams", but Neistat suggested instead to spend
the budget on bringing disaster relief to the Philippines. Fox agreed and gave
him a budget of $25,000 to fund his relief plans, and personally visited
Tacloban to aid donation efforts there.[290][291]
On the day of his death, actor Paul Walker attended a charity event for his
organization, Reach Out Worldwide, for the victims of the typhoon that was
held right before his accident.[292]
On March 11, 2014, a benefit concert called The Pinoy Relief Benefit Concert
was held at Madison Square Garden in New York, City. Jennifer Hudson,
Pentatonix, A Great Big World, Plain White T's, Jessica Sanchez, Charice, and
REO Brothers performed. Special guests also included Dr. Oz, Dante Basco,
Bobby Lopez, Kristen Anderson-Lopez and Apl.de.ap. 100% of proceeds raised
directly went to the Typhoon Haiyan survivors.[293] Pinoy Relief was created
to help survivors and focus on three specific areas: restoring livelihoods,
building classrooms and providing shelter in partnership with local NGOs,
Habitat for Humanity Philippines and Operation Blessing Philippines.[294]
On March 13, 2016, former United States of America vice president Al Gore,
visited Tacloban and delivered his speech in front of the survivors of Haiyan.
He also visited the MV Eva Jocelyn, a cargo ship forced inland during the
typhoon and now converted into a memorial park.[295]
##### Politics involving aid relief[edit]
First UK-funded humanitarian flight arrives at Mactan–Cebu International
Airport.
The island of Binuluanguan overflown by a helicopter from HMS Daring
The aid contributions of China and the United States were given focus with
regards to their involvement in the politics of the Philippines.[296] Apart
from having the two largest economies in the world, both countries are
involved in a complex relationship with the island country. China is currently
disputing the Spratly Islands in the South China Sea with the Philippines
while the United States used to be an occupying power and currently has a
mutual defense treaty with the islands.[297] American news media initially
criticized China for its contribution of US$100,000 cash each from the
government and the Chinese Red Cross to the typhoon victims, which led to
commentary about its disputes with the Philippines.[298] Earlier in 2013, the
Philippines sued China over the nine-dotted line. Western commentators
attribute this low amount to China's intentions to isolate the Philippines
while strengthening its ties with the rest of Southeast Asia.[299] The move
had mixed reactions from the public of China with some commending its decision
while others, such as The Global Times, insisted that China should be a
responsible power. China later increased its contributions by US$1.64 million
in supplies[173][300] and sent its naval hospital ship Peace Ark for disaster
relief."[174]
The United States gave the Philippines an amount of US$51.9 million worth of
aid and deployed the United States Marines, United States Navy and United
States Air Force in order to assist with the humanitarian operations.[301] The
Philippine government had been discussing with the U.S. plans regarding the
deployment of U.S. military troops within the country.[302] This was part of
the "Asia pivot" that the United States government had previously announced, a
foreign policy strategy widely viewed as a plan to contain China, encircle it
militarily, and prevent it from competing with American political influence in
the region; the calculated giving of humanitarian aid is a tool which the
United States uses to achieve its geopolitical aims.[303]
##### Aid projects[edit]
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In November 2013, the island of the Philippines was struck by one of the
strongest tropical cyclones recorded in history, the Haiyan. More than 6000
people died and it devastated towns as homes, schools, and hospitals were in
ruins. Many vital infrastructures were destroyed by this cyclone, including
the water and power systems. As each water pump costs US$4000 and a generator
and piping system costs almost US$20,000, the local government of the
Philippines is struggling to pay for recovery. Two years after this event, to
help locals have access to clean water, an initiative called the Tolosa Water
Systems was started by the MBA students from the National University of
Singapore. This project is in works with a non-profit organization SIBAT and
supported by a $44,000 grant awarded by Total S.A., an energy company. This
project will promote the use of technology to address energy and water access
issues. It will create a complete water distribution system that runs pipes to
each household. It is sustainable and effective for areas like Tolosa, where
infrastructure is still in ruins because this system runs and relies on two
natural resources: sun and sand to provide clean water. This water system will
install seven biosand filtration and five solar-powered water pumps that will
remove pathogens, solids and unwanted color, odor, and taste from the local
drinking water. The solar-powered water pumps were designed to take advantage
of Tolosa's daily 11 hours of sunlight. The new system will produce 5000 to
10,000 gallons of water daily and the cost of each system costs approximately
US$15,000 to US$20,000. Though it is at an expense, importantly, this biosand
and solar system do not substantially recur costs. Having access to clean
water is a fundamental right, and a crucial factor for developing countries to
develop and succeed. The students behind this project plan to spread their
work in other parts of the Philippines.
### Vietnam[edit]
Following Typhoon Haiyan's landfall in Vietnam, widespread search and rescue
missions took place in the affected provinces. Damage assessments were also
conducted in 13 provinces to determine what aid was needed. The IFRC began
distribution of relief supplies and assisted residents in returning home by
November 12. Operations regarding the aftermath of Typhoon Wutip were
temporarily suspended due to Haiyan.[49]
### Climate change[edit]
Political leaders and climate scientists connected the typhoon to climate
change, both at the time and subsequently[304] and led to calls for climate
justice.[305] The 2013 United Nations Climate Change Conference was
coincidentally in progress when the typhoon struck and Yeb Saño, the lead
negotiator of the Philippines delegation, received a standing ovation at the
conference when he declared a hunger strike.
> In solidarity with my countrymen who are struggling to find food back home,
> I will now commence a voluntary fasting for the climate; this means I will
> voluntarily refrain from eating food during this COP, until a meaningful
> outcome is in sight.
> — Yeb Saño[306]
Several delegates, including American delegate Collin Reese, joined him in
fasting. Sixty people from Climate Action Network, an umbrella group of
environmental non-governmental organisations, also joined the hunger
strike.[307]
The correlation between the increasing intensity of storms and the progression
of climate change was discussed by climate scientists. "Typhoons, hurricanes
and all tropical storms draw their vast energy from the warmth of the sea. We
know sea-surface temperatures are warming pretty much around the planet, so
that's a pretty direct influence of climate change on the nature of the
storm", said Will Steffen, director of the Australian National University
climate change institute.[308] Myles Allen, head of the climate dynamics group
at the University of Oxford, said that "The current consensus is that climate
change is not making the risk of hurricanes any greater, but there are
physical arguments and evidence that there is a risk of more intense
hurricanes."[308] The Huffington Post made the point that the 70%
deforestation of the Philippines since 1900, as reported by the national
Forest Management Bureau, made far more lethal flooding from cyclones like
Haiyan more likely.[309] The IPCC Fifth Assessment Report had stated in
September of the same year that "Time series of cyclone indices such as power
dissipation, an aggregate compound of tropical cyclone frequency, duration,
and intensity that measures total wind energy by tropical cyclones, show
upward trends in the North Atlantic and weaker upward trends in the western
North Pacific since the late 1970s."[308]
## In popular media[edit]
A detailed analysis of Typhoon Haiyan and its destruction in the Philippines
was featured in a documentary called Megastorm: World's Biggest Typhoon. It
aired on December 30, 2013, on Discovery Channel.[310]
The 2014 documentary Six Hours: Surviving Typhoon Yolanda, produced by Big
Monster Entertainment and distributed by GRB Entertainment, also features the
eyewitness account of the typhoon by GMA News reporter (now Agripreneur host)
Jiggy Manicad. The documentary also give permission to Marnie Manicad
Productions Inc.[311][312]
An episode of the PBS science documentary television program Nova titled
"Killer Typhoon", aired on January 22, 2014, features the typhoon.[313]
The 2015 drama film Taklob, directed by Brillante Mendoza features the
survivors in the aftermath of the typhoon.[314]
In 2021, a drama related to Typhoon Haiyan titled Kun Maupay Man It Panahon
lit. “Whether the weather is fine” which is directed by Carlo Francisco
Manatad which aired on August 9, 2021
## See also[edit]
Portals:
* Tropical cyclones
* flag Philippines
* 2013 Bohol earthquake – rocked Leyte's neighboring islands of Bohol and Cebu less than a month before Haiyan struck
* Typhoons in the Philippines
* 1881 Haiphong typhoon
* Typhoon Axel (Garding; 1994) – last typhoon to make landfall over Leyte, before Haiyan
* Tropical Storm Thelma (Uring; 1991) – second deadliest Philippine tropical cyclone[315][316]
* Typhoon Son-Tinh (Ofel; 2012) – Struck the same area during the previous year, and had a track similar to Haiyan's
* Typhoon Mangkhut (Ompong; 2018) – Made landfall in northern Luzon as a Category 5-equivalent super typhoon
* Typhoon Goni (Rolly; 2020) – the strongest landfalling storm on record, making landfall in Bato, Catanduanes with maximum 1-minute sustained winds of 195 mph, same strength as Typhoon Haiyan.
* Typhoon Rai (Odette; 2021) – severely affected the same areas as Haiyan 8 years after.
* Other most intense tropical cyclones
* Typhoon Nancy (1961) – strongest tropical cyclone based on reported 1-minute maximum sustained winds
* Typhoon Nora (Luming; 1973) – once the strongest tropical cyclone ever recorded
* Typhoon Rita (Kading; 1978) – similarly powerful late-season typhoon which also devastated the Philippines
* Typhoon Tip (Warling, 1979) – strongest tropical cyclone based on pressure in recorded history
* Hurricane Allen (1980) – strongest Atlantic hurricane based on sustained wind speeds
* Typhoon Gay (Seniang; 1992) – unofficially the second most intense tropical cyclone recorded, tied with Patricia
* Hurricane Wilma (2005) – the most intense tropical cyclone in the Atlantic Ocean
* Hurricane Patricia (2015) – the strongest tropical cyclone based on reliably measured 1-minute maximum sustained winds and second most intense tropical cyclone on record
* Cyclone Winston (2016) – strongest tropical cyclone in the Southern Hemisphere; also the most intense tropical cyclone ever recorded at landfall
* Typhoon Meranti (Ferdie; 2016) – another intense typhoon which made landfall in Itbayat nearly 3 years after Haiyan
## Notes[edit]
1. ^ The Joint Typhoon Warning Center is a joint United States Navy – United States Air Force task force that issues tropical cyclone warnings for the western Pacific Ocean and other regions.[8]
2. ^ The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) is the official Regional Specialized Meteorological Center for the western Pacific Ocean.[11]
3. ^ A super typhoon is defined as a tropical cyclone with one-minute sustained winds of at least 240 km/h (150 mph).[14]
4. ^ The death and missing columns includes deaths caused by Typhoon Fengshen (Frank), in the MV Princess of the Stars disaster.
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288. ^ "Typhoon Haiyan: Singer Alicia Keys visits refugees in Philippines". The Straits Times. November 25, 2013. Archived from the original on January 25, 2014. Retrieved November 25, 2013.
289. ^ "Justin Bieber sings for Typhoon Haiyan victims". The Daily Telegraph. December 12, 2013. Archived from the original on December 12, 2013. Retrieved December 12, 2013.
290. ^ Francesca Bacardi (December 16, 2013). "Fox marketing/advertising funds used for Philippines typhoon relief". Variety.
291. ^ Video on YouTube
292. ^ "'Fast and Furious' star Paul Walker dies in car accident". CNN. November 30, 2013. Archived from the original on December 1, 2013. Retrieved November 30, 2013.
293. ^ "Charice, Jessica Sanchez others in NYC Yolanda relief concert". Rappler.com. March 11, 2014. Archived from the original on March 13, 2014. Retrieved March 11, 2014.
294. ^ "Pinoy Relief Benefit Concert @ Madison Square Garden – Empowering Typhoon Victims to Get Back on Their Feet". AsianJournal.com. March 21, 2014. Archived from the original on March 27, 2014. Retrieved March 21, 2014.
295. ^ "Al Gore visits 'Yolanda' ground zero". ABS-CBN News. March 13, 2016. Archived from the original on March 13, 2016. Retrieved March 13, 2016.
296. ^ "US gives, China withholds in Philippine crisis". Asia Times. November 13, 2013. Archived from the original on November 13, 2013. Retrieved November 15, 2013.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
297. ^ "Typhoon Haiyan, the Philippines, the United States, and China". Council of Foreign Relations. November 13, 2013. Archived from the original on November 16, 2013. Retrieved November 15, 2013.
298. ^ "Amid territorial spat with Manila, China's paltry offer of typhoon aid threatens global image". Fox News. November 14, 2013. Archived from the original on November 14, 2013. Retrieved November 15, 2013.
299. ^ "China's Philippine aid controversy". BBC News. November 14, 2013. Archived from the original on November 14, 2013. Retrieved November 15, 2013.
300. ^ "China to Philippines: Here, Have a Measly $100,000 in Aid". Time. November 13, 2013. Archived from the original on November 15, 2013. Retrieved November 15, 2013.
301. ^ "Haiyan: U.S., Britain Send Warships to Philippines as New Weather Disturbance Threatens Relief Operations". The International Business Times. November 13, 2013. Archived from the original on November 14, 2013. Retrieved November 15, 2013.
302. ^ "The US Disaster Relief Mission In The Philippines Has Big Strategic Implications". The Business Insider. November 13, 2013. Archived from the original on November 14, 2013. Retrieved November 15, 2013.
303. ^ Yamada, Seiji (July 4, 2017). "Hearts and Minds: Typhoon Yolanda/Haiyan and the Use of Humanitarian Assistance/Disaster Relief to Further Strategic Ends". Social Medicine. 11 (2): 76–83. ISSN 1557-7112. Archived from the original on September 29, 2017. Retrieved July 11, 2017.
304. ^ Borenstein, Seth (November 29, 2015). "Global warming seen as more concrete, urgent problem since Kyoto". PBS Newshour. Associated Press. Archived from the original on September 29, 2017. Retrieved January 26, 2016.
305. ^ Yamada, Seiji; Galat, Absalon (October 2014). "Typhoon Yolanda/Haiyan and Climate Justice". Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness. 8 (5): 432–435. doi:10.1017/dmp.2014.97. ISSN 1935-7893. PMID 25310517. S2CID 206206571. Archived from the original on September 1, 2017. Retrieved July 11, 2017.
306. ^ McGrath, Matt (November 11, 2013). "Typhoon prompts 'fast' by Philippines climate delegate". BBC. Archived from the original on November 12, 2013. Retrieved November 12, 2013.
307. ^ Chua, Ryan (November 14, 2013). "More delegates on hunger strike at UN climate talks". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on November 15, 2013. Retrieved November 15, 2013.
308. ^ a b c "Is climate change to blame for Typhoon Haiyan?". The Guardian. November 12, 2013. Archived from the original on November 14, 2013. Retrieved November 14, 2013.
309. ^ "Climate Change This Week: Super Typhoon, Calls to Action, and More!". The Huffington Post. November 13, 2013. Archived from the original on November 28, 2013. Retrieved November 14, 2013.
310. ^ "Megastorm: World's Biggest Typhoon" (Press release). Discovery Channel. Archived from the original on December 24, 2013. Retrieved December 23, 2013.
311. ^ "Six Hours: Surviving Typhoon Yolanda". GMA News. October 14, 2014. Retrieved October 5, 2020.
312. ^ Six Hours: Surviving Typhoon Yolanda at IMDb
313. ^ "Killer Typhoon". Nova. Season 41. January 22, 2014. PBS. Retrieved October 5, 2020 – via YouTube.
314. ^ "'Taklub' : Cannes Review". The Hollywood Reporter. May 19, 2015. Retrieved October 5, 2020.
315. ^ "Typhoon Haiyan: 10 deadliest typhoons in Philippines". The Daily Telegraph. Agence France-Presse. November 8, 2013. Archived from the original on November 12, 2013. Retrieved December 12, 2013.
316. ^ "5 tropical cyclones have caused most deaths in the Philippines". Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. Archived from the original on December 30, 2011. Retrieved December 12, 2013.
## External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Typhoon Haiyan (2013).
General information about the typhoon
* Digital Typhoon: Typhoon201330 (HAIYAN) \- National Institute of Informatics
* Super Typhoon Haiyan from Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies
* Past Positions and Intensities of Typhoon Haiyan (as of 20:00 HKT on November 11, 2013) from the Hong Kong Observatory
* Compilation of satellite imagery and mapping products, pre- and post-disaster from UN-SPIDER
* Severe Weather Bulletin for Typhoon YOLANDA (HAIYAN) by the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council
General information about the response operation in the Philippines
* Assessing the Response to Typhoon Yolanda/Haiyan: Hearing before the Subcommittee on East Asian and Pacific Affairs of the Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate, One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, First Session, November 19, 2013
* Latest humanitarian response information via ReliefWeb
* Response to the crisis via FAO in emergencies
Media coverage of Typhoon Haiyan's destruction in the Philippines
* MULTIMEDIA REPORT: 'The Sea Washed it Away': On the Ground After Typhoon Haiyan by The Weather Channel
* IMAGES: Haiyan before and after the storm by BBC
* Typhoon Haiyan coverage by CBS News
* Typhoon Yolanda updates and coverage by Rappler
Relief operations of the Government of the Philippines
* Updates: Typhoon Yolanda by the Government of the Philippines
* Foreign Aid Transparency Hub (FAiTH) — Transparency portal by the Government of the Philippines
* v
* t
* e
Retired Pacific typhoon names
Pre-2000s
* Lucille (1960)
* Ophelia (1960)
* Karen (1962)
* Bess (1974)
* Bess (1982)
* Ike (1984)
* Roy (1988)
* Mike (1990)
* Mireille (1991)
* Thelma (1991)
* Omar (1992)
2000s
* Vamei (2001)
* Chataan (2002)
* Rusa (2002)
* Pongsona (2002)
* Yanyan (2003)
* Imbudo (2003)
* Maemi (2003)
* Sudal (2004)
* Tingting (2004)
* Rananim (2004)
* Matsa (2005)
* Nabi (2005)
* Longwang (2005)
* Chanchu (2006)
* Bilis (2006)
* Saomai (2006)
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* Durian (2006)
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2010s
* Fanapi (2010)
* Washi (2011)
* Vicente (2012)
* Bopha (2012)
* Sonamu (2013)
* Utor (2013)
* Fitow (2013)
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* Sarika (2016)
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* Hato (2017)
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* Tembin (2017)
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* Yutu (2018)
* Lekima (2019)
* Faxai (2019)
* Hagibis (2019)
* Kammuri (2019)
* Phanfone (2019)
2020s
* Vongfong (2020)
* Linfa (2020)
* Molave (2020)
* Goni (2020)
* Vamco (2020)
* v
* t
* e
Typhoon names retired by PAGASA
1960s
* Dading
* Welming
1970s
* Pitang
* Sening
* Titang
* Yoling
* Wening
* Didang
* Unding
* Atang
* Kading
1980s
* Nitang
* Undang
* Katring
* Herming
* Sisang
* Unsang
* Yoning
1990s
* Ruping
* Uring
* Monang
* Rosing
* Iliang
* Loleng
2000s
* Nanang
* Harurot
* Unding
* Violeta
* Winnie
* Milenyo
* Reming
* Cosme
* Frank
* Feria
* Ondoy
* Pepeng
2010s
* Juan
* Katring
* Bebeng
* Juaning
* Mina
* Pedring
* Sendong
* Pablo
* Labuyo
* Santi
* Yolanda
* Glenda
* Jose
* Mario
* Ruby
* Seniang
* Lando
* Nona
* Karen
* Lawin
* Nina
* Urduja
* Vinta
* Ompong
* Rosita
* Usman
* Tisoy
* Ursula
2020s
* Ambo
* Quinta
* Rolly
* Ulysses
* Jolina
* Maring
* Odette
* v
* t
* e
Tropical cyclones of the 2013 Pacific typhoon season
Timeline
2013 Pacific typhoon season summary.png
STS
Sonamu
TD
Bising
TS
Shanshan
TD
TD
TS
Yagi
TD
TD
TS
Leepi
TS
Bebinca
STS
Rumbia
VSTY
Soulik
TS
Cimaron
TD
TD
STS
Jebi
TS
Mangkhut
VITY
Utor
TD
TD
TD
13W
STS
Trami
STS
Pewa
TS
Unala
TD
03C
STS
Kong-rey
TD
TD
TD
TD
TS
Yutu
STS
Toraji
TY
Man-yi
TD
18W
VITY
Usagi
STS
Pabuk
TD
TD
TD
TD
TY
Wutip
TS
Sepat
TY
Fitow
VSTY
Danas
TD
TD
TD
Phailin
TY
Nari
VSTY
Wipha
VITY
Francisco
TD
27W
VITY
Lekima
TY
Krosa
TD
Wilma
VITY
Haiyan (history)
TS
Podul
TD
TD
TD
Lehar
TD
33W
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Categories:
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Hidden categories:
* CS1 maint: unfit URL
* CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list
* CS1 uses Chinese-language script (zh)
* CS1 Chinese (Taiwan)-language sources (zh-tw)
* CS1 Vietnamese-language sources (vi)
* CS1 maint: archived copy as title
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*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
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*[PST]: past tense
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*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
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*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
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*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
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*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
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*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
*[11:24 ngày 21/2/23]:
*[18:45 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[14:42 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[17:56 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[11:21 ngày 19/2/23]:
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*[13:28 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[12:15 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[08:44 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[Ref.]: References
*[PSGC]: Philippine Standard Geographic Code
*[SEC]: Securities and Exchange Commission
*[RTC]: Regional Trial Court
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*[ BBC ]: British Broadcasting Corporation
*[Barangay]: Total number of barangays
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*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
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*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
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and promotion codes so your referrals can save on their first year. Each
promotion code can only be used by one referral. You will be eligible to
receive up to 100 promotion codes each year. Promotion codes cannot be posted
publicly. They must be distributed to each referral on an individual basis.
#### Whatâs the difference between the Referral Program and the Affiliate
Program?
The Referral Program is best for those looking to refer up to 99 users per
year. The Affiliate Program is designed for higher volume referrers (those who
refer at least 100 users per year). Those who fit the qualifications of the
Affiliate Program will receive additional perks beyond what the Referral
Program offers, like higher commission rates for each new user referred, 1:1
account support, promotional resources, and more. Not sure which program to
join? See this comparison table or fill out our program selector to help.
For more information, see all FAQs, terms, or contact us.
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*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
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*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
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*[13:28 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[12:15 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[08:44 ngày 18/2/23]:
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*[PSGC]: Philippine Standard Geographic Code
*[SEC]: Securities and Exchange Commission
*[RTC]: Regional Trial Court
*[Crim.]: Criminal
*[ BBC ]: British Broadcasting Corporation
*[Barangay]: Total number of barangays
*[(DK)]: Denmark
*[(NO)]: Norway
*[(GB)]: United Kingdom
*[(IL)]: Israel
*[(FI)]: Finland
*[(HU)]: Hungary
*[(AU)]: Australia
*[(US)]: United States
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*[(PK)]: Pakistan
*[(MR)]: Mauritania
|
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Google Cloud
* Overview
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* Accelerate your digital transformation
* Whether your business is early in its journey or well on its way to digital transformation, Google Cloud can help solve your toughest challenges.
* Learn more
* Key benefits
* Why Google Cloud
Top reasons businesses choose us.
* Multicloud
Run your apps wherever you need them.
* Trust and security
Keep your data secure and compliant.
* Global infrastructure
Build on the same infrastructure as Google.
* Data Cloud
Make smarter decisions with unified data.
* Open cloud
Scale with open, flexible technology.
* Sustainability
Run on the cleanest cloud in the industry.
* Productivity and collaboration
Connect your teams with AI-powered apps.
Solutions
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* Industry Solutions
Reduce cost, increase operational agility, and capture new market
opportunities.
* Retail
Analytics and collaboration tools for the retail value chain.
* Consumer Packaged Goods
Solutions for CPG digital transformation and brand growth.
* Financial Services
Computing, data management, and analytics tools for financial services.
* Healthcare and Life Sciences
Advance research at scale and empower healthcare innovation.
* Media and Entertainment
Solutions for content production and distribution operations.
* Telecommunications
Hybrid and multi-cloud services to deploy and monetize 5G.
* Gaming
AI-driven solutions to build and scale games faster.
* Manufacturing
Migration and AI tools to optimize the manufacturing value chain.
* Supply Chain and Logistics
Digital supply chain solutions built in the cloud.
* Government
Data storage, AI, and analytics solutions for government agencies.
* Education
Teaching tools to provide more engaging learning experiences.
* Not seeing what you're looking for?
* See all industry solutions
* Not seeing what you're looking for?
* See all solutions
* Application Modernization
Assess, plan, implement, and measure software practices and capabilities to
modernize and simplify your organization’s business application portfolios.
* CAMP
Program that uses DORA to improve your software delivery capabilities.
* Modernize Traditional Applications
Analyze, categorize, and get started with cloud migration on traditional
workloads.
* Migrate from PaaS: Cloud Foundry, Openshift
Tools for moving your existing containers into Google's managed container
services.
* Migrate from Mainframe
Automated tools and prescriptive guidance for moving your mainframe apps to
the cloud.
* Modernize Software Delivery
Software supply chain best practices - innerloop productivity, CI/CD and S3C.
* DevOps Best Practices
Processes and resources for implementing DevOps in your org.
* SRE Principles
Tools and resources for adopting SRE in your org.
* Day 2 Operations for GKE
Tools and guidance for effective GKE management and monitoring.
* FinOps and Optimization of GKE
Best practices for running reliable, performant, and cost effective
applications on GKE.
* Run Applications at the Edge
Guidance for localized and low latency apps on Google’s hardware agnostic edge
solution.
* Architect for Multicloud
Manage workloads across multiple clouds with a consistent platform.
* Go Serverless
Fully managed environment for developing, deploying and scaling apps.
* Artificial Intelligence
Add intelligence and efficiency to your business with AI and machine learning.
* Contact Center AI
AI model for speaking with customers and assisting human agents.
* Document AI
Document processing and data capture automated at scale.
* Product Discovery
Google-quality search and product recommendations for retailers.
* APIs and Applications
Speed up the pace of innovation without coding, using APIs, apps, and
automation.
* New Business Channels Using APIs
Attract and empower an ecosystem of developers and partners.
* Unlocking Legacy Applications Using APIs
Cloud services for extending and modernizing legacy apps.
* Open Banking APIx
Simplify and accelerate secure delivery of open banking compliant APIs.
* Databases
Migrate and manage enterprise data with security, reliability, high
availability, and fully managed data services.
* Database Migration
Guides and tools to simplify your database migration life cycle.
* Database Modernization
Upgrades to modernize your operational database infrastructure.
* Google Cloud Databases
Database services to migrate, manage, and modernize data.
* Migrate Oracle workloads to Google Cloud
Rehost, replatform, rewrite your Oracle workloads.
* Open Source Databases
Fully managed open source databases with enterprise-grade support.
* SQL Server on Google Cloud
Options for running SQL Server virtual machines on Google Cloud.
* Data Cloud
Unify data across your organization with an open and simplified approach to
data-driven transformation that is unmatched for speed, scale, and security
with AI built-in.
* Databases Solutions
Migrate and manage enterprise data with security, reliability, high
availability, and fully managed data services.
* Smart Analytics Solutions
Generate instant insights from data at any scale with a serverless, fully
managed analytics platform that significantly simplifies analytics.
* AI Solutions
Add intelligence and efficiency to your business with AI and machine learning.
* Data Cloud for ISVs
Innovate, optimize and amplify your SaaS applications using Google's data and
machine learning solutions such as BigQuery, Looker, Spanner and Vertex AI.
* Data Cloud Alliance
An initiative to ensure that global businesses have more seamless access and
insights into the data required for digital transformation.
* Digital Transformation
* Accelerate business recovery and ensure a better future with solutions that enable hybrid and multi-cloud, generate intelligent insights, and keep your workers connected.
* Digital Innovation
Reimagine your operations and unlock new opportunities.
* Operational Efficiency
Prioritize investments and optimize costs.
* COVID-19 Solutions
Get work done more safely and securely.
* COVID-19 Solutions for the Healthcare Industry
How Google is helping healthcare meet extraordinary challenges.
* Infrastructure Modernization
Migrate quickly with solutions for SAP, VMware, Windows, Oracle, and other
workloads.
* Application Migration
Discovery and analysis tools for moving to the cloud.
* SAP on Google Cloud
Certifications for running SAP applications and SAP HANA.
* High Performance Computing
Compute, storage, and networking options to support any workload.
* Windows on Google Cloud
Tools and partners for running Windows workloads.
* Data Center Migration
Migration solutions for VMs, apps, databases, and more.
* Active Assist
Automatic cloud resource optimization and increased security.
* Virtual Desktops
Remote work solutions for desktops and applications (VDI & DaaS).
* Rapid Assessment & Migration Program (RAMP)
End-to-end migration program to simplify your path to the cloud.
* Backup and Disaster Recovery
Ensure your business continuity needs are met.
* Productivity and Collaboration
Change the way teams work with solutions designed for humans and built for
impact.
* Google Workspace
Collaboration and productivity tools for enterprises.
* Google Workspace Essentials
Secure video meetings and modern collaboration for teams.
* Cloud Identity
Unified platform for IT admins to manage user devices and apps.
* Chrome Enterprise
Chrome OS, Chrome Browser, and Chrome devices built for business.
* Cloud Search
Enterprise search for employees to quickly find company information.
* Security
Detect, investigate, and respond to online threats to help protect your
business.
* Security Analytics and Operations
Solution for analyzing petabytes of security telemetry.
* Web App and API Protection
Threat and fraud protection for your web applications and APIs.
* Security and Resilience Framework
Solutions for each phase of the security and resilience life cycle.
* Risk and compliance as code (RCaC)
Solution to modernize your governance, risk, and compliance function with
automation.
* Software Supply Chain Security
Solution for improving end-to-end software supply chain security.
* Smart Analytics
Generate instant insights from data at any scale with a serverless, fully
managed analytics platform that significantly simplifies analytics.
* Data Warehouse Modernization
Data warehouse to jumpstart your migration and unlock insights.
* Data Lake Modernization
Services for building and modernizing your data lake.
* Spark on Google Cloud
Run and write Spark where you need it, serverless and integrated.
* Stream Analytics
Insights from ingesting, processing, and analyzing event streams.
* Business Intelligence
Solutions for modernizing your BI stack and creating rich data experiences.
* Data Science
Put your data to work with Data Science on Google Cloud.
* Marketing Analytics
Solutions for collecting, analyzing, and activating customer data.
* Geospatial Analytics and AI
Solutions for building a more prosperous and sustainable business.
* Datasets
Data from Google, public, and commercial providers to enrich your analytics
and AI initiatives.
* Startups and SMB
Accelerate startup and SMB growth with tailored solutions and programs.
* Startup Solutions
Grow your startup and solve your toughest challenges using Google’s proven
technology.
* Startup Program
Get financial, business, and technical support to take your startup to the
next level.
* Small and Medium Business
Explore solutions for web hosting, app development, AI, and analytics.
* Software as a Service
Build better SaaS products, scale efficiently, and grow your business.
Products
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* Featured Products
* Compute Engine
Virtual machines running in Google’s data center.
* Cloud Storage
Object storage that’s secure, durable, and scalable.
* Cloud SDK
Command-line tools and libraries for Google Cloud.
* Cloud SQL
Relational database service for MySQL, PostgreSQL and SQL Server.
* Google Kubernetes Engine
Managed environment for running containerized apps.
* BigQuery
Data warehouse for business agility and insights.
* Cloud CDN
Content delivery network for delivering web and video.
* Dataflow
Streaming analytics for stream and batch processing.
* Operations
Monitoring, logging, and application performance suite.
* Cloud Run
Fully managed environment for running containerized apps.
* Anthos
Platform for modernizing existing apps and building new ones.
* Not seeing what you're looking for?
* See all products (100+)
* AI and Machine Learning
* Vertex AI
Unified platform for training, running, and managing ML models.
* Vertex AI Workbench
Single interface for the entire Data Science workflow.
* AI Infrastructure
Options for training deep learning and ML models cost-effectively.
* AutoML
Custom machine learning model development, with minimal effort.
* Natural Language AI
Sentiment analysis and classification of unstructured text.
* Speech-to-Text
Speech recognition and transcription across 125 languages.
* Text-to-Speech
Speech synthesis in 220+ voices and 40+ languages.
* Translation AI
Language detection, translation, and glossary support.
* Video AI
Video classification and recognition using machine learning.
* Vision AI
Custom and pre-trained models to detect emotion, text, and more.
* Dialogflow
Lifelike conversational AI with state-of-the-art virtual agents.
* Not seeing what you're looking for?
* See all AI and machine learning products
* API Management
* Apigee API Management
Manage the full life cycle of APIs anywhere with visibility and control.
* Apigee Integration
API-first integration to connect existing data and applications.
* Cloud Healthcare API
Solution to bridge existing care systems and apps on Google Cloud.
* AppSheet
No-code development platform to build and extend applications.
* API Gateway
Develop, deploy, secure, and manage APIs with a fully managed gateway.
* Compute
* Compute Engine
Virtual machines running in Google’s data center.
* App Engine
Serverless application platform for apps and back ends.
* Cloud GPUs
GPUs for ML, scientific computing, and 3D visualization.
* Migrate to Virtual Machines
Server and virtual machine migration to Compute Engine.
* Spot VMs
Compute instances for batch jobs and fault-tolerant workloads.
* Batch
Fully managed service for scheduling batch jobs.
* Sole-Tenant Nodes
Dedicated hardware for compliance, licensing, and management.
* Bare Metal
Infrastructure to run specialized workloads on Google Cloud.
* Recommender
Usage recommendations for Google Cloud products and services.
* VMware Engine
Fully managed, native VMware Cloud Foundation software stack.
* Cloud Run
Fully managed environment for running containerized apps.
* Not seeing what you're looking for?
* See all compute products
* Containers
* Google Kubernetes Engine
Managed environment for running containerized apps.
* Container Registry
Registry for storing, managing, and securing Docker images.
* Container Security
Container environment security for each stage of the life cycle.
* Cloud Build
Solution for running build steps in a Docker container.
* Deep Learning Containers
Containers with data science frameworks, libraries, and tools.
* Kubernetes Applications
Containerized apps with prebuilt deployment and unified billing.
* Artifact Registry
Package manager for build artifacts and dependencies.
* Knative
Components to create Kubernetes-native cloud-based software.
* Cloud Run
Fully managed environment for running containerized apps.
* Cloud Code
IDE support to write, run, and debug Kubernetes applications.
* Google Cloud Deploy
Fully managed continuous delivery to Google Kubernetes Engine.
* Data Analytics
* BigQuery
Data warehouse for business agility and insights.
* Looker
Platform for BI, data applications, and embedded analytics.
* Dataflow
Streaming analytics for stream and batch processing.
* Pub/Sub
Messaging service for event ingestion and delivery.
* Dataproc
Service for running Apache Spark and Apache Hadoop clusters.
* Cloud Data Fusion
Data integration for building and managing data pipelines.
* Cloud Composer
Workflow orchestration service built on Apache Airflow.
* Dataprep
Service to prepare data for analysis and machine learning.
* Dataplex
Intelligent data fabric for unifying data management across silos.
* Data Catalog
Metadata service for discovering, understanding, and managing data.
* Analytics Hub
Service for securely and efficiently exchanging data analytics assets.
* Not seeing what you're looking for?
* See all data analytics products
* Databases
* AlloyDB for PostgreSQL
Fully managed, PostgreSQL-compatible database for demanding enterprise
workloads.
* Cloud Bigtable
Cloud-native wide-column database for large scale, low-latency workloads.
* Firestore
Cloud-native document database for building rich mobile, web, and IoT apps.
* Memorystore
In-memory database for managed Redis and Memcached.
* Cloud Spanner
Cloud-native relational database with unlimited scale and 99.999%
availability.
* Cloud SQL
Fully managed database for MySQL, PostgreSQL, and SQL Server.
* Database Migration Service
Serverless, minimal downtime migrations to the cloud.
* Bare Metal Solution for Oracle
Infrastructure to run specialized Oracle workloads on Google Cloud.
* Firebase Realtime Database
NoSQL database for storing and syncing data in real time.
* Datastream
Serverless change data capture and replication service.
* Developer Tools
* Artifact Registry
Universal package manager for build artifacts and dependencies.
* Cloud Build
Continuous integration and continuous delivery platform.
* Cloud Code
IDE support to write, run, and debug Kubernetes applications.
* Cloud Deployment Manager
Service for creating and managing Google Cloud resources.
* gcloud CLI
Command line tools and libraries for Google Cloud.
* Cloud Scheduler
Cron job scheduler for task automation and management.
* Cloud Source Repositories
Private Git repository to store, manage, and track code.
* Cloud Tasks
Task management service for asynchronous task execution.
* Cloud Workstations
Managed and secure development environments in the cloud
* Google Cloud Deploy
Fully managed continuous delivery to Google Kubernetes Engine.
* Tools for PowerShell
Full cloud control from Windows PowerShell.
* Not seeing what you're looking for?
* See all developer tools
* Healthcare and Life Sciences
* Apigee Healthcare APIx
FHIR API-based digital service production.
* Cloud Healthcare API
Solution for bridging existing care systems and apps on Google Cloud.
* Cloud Life Sciences
Tools for managing, processing, and transforming biomedical data.
* Device Connect for Fitbit
Gain a 360-degree patient view with connected Fitbit data on Google Cloud.
* Healthcare Natural Language AI
Real-time insights from unstructured medical text.
* Medical Imaging Suite
Accelerate development of AI for medical imaging by making imaging data
accessible, interoperable, and useful.
* Hybrid and Multicloud
* Anthos
Platform for modernizing existing apps and building new ones.
* Looker
Platform for BI, data applications, and embedded analytics.
* Cloud Run for Anthos
Integration that provides a serverless development platform on GKE.
* Google Cloud Marketplace for Anthos
Containerized apps with prebuilt deployment and unified billing.
* Migrate to Containers
Tool to move workloads and existing applications to GKE.
* Operations
Monitoring, logging, and application performance suite.
* Cloud Build
Service for executing builds on Google Cloud infrastructure.
* Traffic Director
Traffic control pane and management for open service mesh.
* Apigee API Management
API management, development, and security platform.
* Google Distributed Cloud
Fully managed solutions for the edge and data centers.
* Google Cloud Deploy
Fully managed continuous delivery to Google Kubernetes Engine.
* Internet of Things
* Cloud IoT Core
IoT device management, integration, and connection service.
* Edge TPU
ASIC designed to run ML inference and AI at the edge.
* Management Tools
* Anthos Config Management
Automate policy and security for your deployments.
* Carbon Footprint
Dashboard to view and export Google Cloud carbon emissions reports.
* Cloud APIs
Programmatic interfaces for Google Cloud services.
* Cloud console
Web-based interface for managing and monitoring cloud apps.
* Cloud Mobile App
App to manage Google Cloud services from your mobile device.
* Cloud Shell
Interactive shell environment with a built-in command line.
* Config Connector
Kubernetes add-on for managing Google Cloud resources.
* Cost Management
Tools for monitoring, controlling, and optimizing your costs.
* Intelligent Management
Tools for easily managing performance, security, and cost.
* Private Catalog
Service catalog for admins managing internal enterprise solutions.
* Terraform on Google Cloud
Open source tool to provision Google Cloud resources with declarative
configuration files.
* Media and Gaming
* Live Stream API
Service to convert live video and package for streaming.
* OpenCue
Open source render manager for visual effects and animation.
* Transcoder API
Convert video files and package them for optimized delivery.
* Video Stitcher API
Service for dynamic or server-side ad insertion.
* Migration
* Application Migration
App migration to the cloud for low-cost refresh cycles.
* BigQuery Data Transfer Service
Data import service for scheduling and moving data into BigQuery.
* Cloud Foundation Toolkit
Reference templates for Deployment Manager and Terraform.
* Database Migration Service
Serverless, minimal downtime migrations to the cloud.
* Migrate to Containers
Components for migrating VMs into system containers on GKE.
* Migrate to Virtual Machines
Components for migrating VMs and physical servers to Compute Engine.
* Migration Center
Unified platform for migrating and modernizing with Google Cloud.
* Rapid Assessment & Migration Program (RAMP)
End-to-end migration program to simplify your path to the cloud.
* Transfer Appliance
Storage server for moving large volumes of data to Google Cloud.
* Storage Transfer Service
Data transfers from online and on-premises sources to Cloud Storage.
* VMware Engine
Migrate and run your VMware workloads natively on Google Cloud.
* Networking
* Cloud Armor
Security policies and defense against web and DDoS attacks.
* Cloud CDN
Content delivery network for serving web and video content.
* Cloud DNS
Domain name system for reliable and low-latency name lookups.
* Cloud Load Balancing
Service for distributing traffic across applications and regions.
* Cloud NAT
NAT service for giving private instances internet access.
* Hybrid Connectivity
Connectivity options for VPN, peering, and enterprise needs.
* Network Connectivity Center
Connectivity management to help simplify and scale networks.
* Network Intelligence Center
Network monitoring, verification, and optimization platform.
* Network Service Tiers
Cloud network options based on performance, availability, and cost.
* Traffic Director
Traffic control pane and management for open service mesh.
* Not seeing what you're looking for?
* See all networking products
* Operations
* Cloud Logging
Google Cloud audit, platform, and application logs management.
* Cloud Monitoring
Infrastructure and application health with rich metrics.
* Error Reporting
Application error identification and analysis.
* Kubernetes Engine Monitoring
GKE app development and troubleshooting.
* Cloud Trace
Tracing system collecting latency data from applications.
* Cloud Profiler
CPU and heap profiler for analyzing application performance.
* Cloud Debugger
Real-time application state inspection and in-production debugging.
* Intelligent Operations
Tools for easily optimizing performance, security, and cost.
* Security and Identity
* Cloud IAM
Permissions management system for Google Cloud resources.
* Assured Workloads
Compliance and security controls for sensitive workloads.
* Cloud Key Management
Manage encryption keys on Google Cloud.
* Confidential Computing
Encrypt data in use with Confidential VMs.
* Security Command Center
Platform for defending against threats to your Google Cloud assets.
* Cloud Data Loss Prevention
Sensitive data inspection, classification, and redaction platform.
* BeyondCorp Enterprise
Zero trust solution for secure application and resource access.
* Chronicle SIEM
Extract signals from your security telemetry to find threats instantly.
* Chronicle SOAR
Playbook automation, case management, and integrated threat intelligence.
* VirusTotal Enterprise
Unique visibility into threats.
* reCAPTCHA Enterprise
Protect your website from fraudulent activity, spam, and abuse without
friction.
* Not seeing what you're looking for?
* See all security and identity products
* Serverless Computing
* Cloud Run
Fully managed environment for running containerized apps.
* Cloud Functions
Platform for creating functions that respond to cloud events.
* App Engine
Serverless application platform for apps and back ends.
* Workflows
Workflow orchestration for serverless products and API services.
* Storage
* All Storage Products
Cloud-based storage services for your business.
* Cloud Storage
Object storage that’s secure, durable, and scalable.
* Filestore
File storage that is highly scalable and secure.
* Persistent Disk
Block storage for virtual machine instances running on Google Cloud.
* Cloud Storage for Firebase
Object storage for storing and serving user-generated content.
* Local SSD
Block storage that is locally attached for high-performance needs.
* Storage Transfer Service
Data transfers from online and on-premises sources to Cloud Storage.
* Google Workspace Essentials
Secure video meetings and modern collaboration for teams.
* Google Cloud Backup and DR
Managed backup and disaster recovery for application-consistent data
protection.
Pricing
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* Save money with our transparent approach to pricing
* Google Cloud's pay-as-you-go pricing offers automatic savings based on monthly usage and discounted rates for prepaid resources. Contact us today to get a quote.
* Request a quote
* Pricing Overview
* Google Cloud pricing
Pay only for what you use with no lock-in.
* Pricing calculator
Calculate your cloud savings.
* Google Cloud Free Program
$300 in free credits and 20+ free products.
* Product-specific Pricing
* Compute Engine
* Cloud SQL
* Google Kubernetes Engine
* Cloud Storage
* BigQuery
* See full price list with 100+ products
Resources
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* Self-service Resources
* Google Cloud Free Program
$300 in free credits and 20+ free products.
* Onboarding essentials
Get quickstarts and reference architectures.
* Developer Center
Stay in the know and become an innovator.
* Google Cloud certification
Prepare and register for certifications.
* Events
Browse upcoming Google Cloud events.
* Blog
Read our latest product news and stories.
* Customer stories
Explore case studies and videos.
* Analyst reports
Read what industry analysts say about us.
* Expert help and training
* Consulting
Partner with our experts on cloud projects.
* Technical Account Management
Get ongoing guidance from Google.
* Training
Enroll in on-demand or classroom training.
* Google Cloud Community
Ask questions, find answers, and connect.
* Partners and third-party tools
* Google Cloud partners
Explore benefits of working with a partner.
* Become a partner
Join the Partner Advantage program.
* Google Cloud Marketplace
Deploy ready-to-go solutions in a few clicks.
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Send feedback
# Apigee Integration release notes
Stay organized with collections Save and categorize content based on your
preferences.
This page documents production updates to Apigee Integration software in 2022
and later. We recommend that users periodically check this list for any new
announcements, or subscribe to this page using a feed reader to get
notifications of updates. What is a feed reader?
### What is a feed reader?
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See also:
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* Known issues
rss_feed Subscribe:
You can see the latest product updates for all of Google Cloud on the Google
Cloud page, browse and filter all release notes in the Google Cloud console,
or you can programmatically access release notes in BigQuery.
To get the latest product updates delivered to you, add the URL of this page
to your feed reader, or add the feed URL directly:
`https://cloud.google.com/feeds/apigee-integration-release-notes.xml`
## February 09, 2023
On February 9, 2023 we released an updated version of the Apigee Integration.
Data Mapping Editor improvements
Transform expression changes:
* You can now add, modify, or remove a function or a function parameter in-between an existing transform expression without losing the subsequent transform functions in the expression.
* When applying a pre-defined transform function to a variable in the Data Mapping Editor, the function selection menu now displays the list of functions as per the return type of the preceding function or the data type of the preceding parameter.
Data Mapping Editor UI changes:
* Input rows are updated to display indent guides to improve readability and structure recognition.
* Mapping validation errors are now highlighted for each function in an Input row.
For more information, see Data Mapping editor.
## February 06, 2023
On February 6, 2023 we released an updated version of the Apigee Integration.
JavaScript task (Preview)
The JavaScript task lets you write custom JavaScript code snippets for your
integration.
Using the JavaScript Editor, you can code complex data mapping logic for your
integration, perform variable assignments, and add or modify integration
variables.
For more information, see JavaScript task.
Delete integration
You can now delete an entire integration without the need to individually
delete all the respective integration versions.
When you delete an integration, you permanently delete all the versions of
that integration, including all the integration variables, configured
triggers, tasks, and data mappings.
For more information, see Delete integrations.
Note: Rollouts of this release will begin on February 6, 2023, and may take
four or more business days to be completed across all Google Cloud zones. You
may not be able to provision Apigee Integration until the rollout is complete.
## January 10, 2023
On January 10, 2023 we released an updated version of the Apigee Integrations
software.
Cloud Scheduler trigger (Preview)
The Cloud Scheduler trigger lets you schedule your integration executions for
defined time periods or regular intervals across multiple regions. Cloud
Scheduler triggers leverage the Cloud Scheduler services to provide a fully
managed enterprise-grade cron job scheduler within Apigee Integration.
For more information, see Cloud Scheduler trigger.
## December 26, 2022
On December 26, 2022 we released an updated version of the Apigee Integrations
software.
Test without publishing an integration
You can now test your integration without the need to publish or create a new
integration version. Testing an integration lets you experiment with the
integration input variable values, and helps in identifying any faults in the
integration connection flow before you finalize and publish the integration.
For more information, see Test and publish integrations.
## November 29, 2022
On November 29, 2022 we released an updated version of the Apigee Integrations
software.
Integration variable color code
The color codes of all the integration variable data types is removed and now
changed to a single uniform color. Integration variables will no longer be
color coded (green, blue, orange) based on their data type.
See Format of an integration variable.
Data Mapping editor
* The background color of the Input and Output row is changed to a single uniform color.
* Input rows are updated to add line breaks and indentations according to the use of mapping functions to improve readability and structure recognition.
* A confirmation dialog is displayed before proceeding to delete an entire Input row.
See Data Mapping editor.
## November 23, 2022
On November 23, 2022 we released an updated version of the Apigee Integrations
software.
Bug ID Description
250638658 Updated the behaviour of the SetIntegrationRequest policy to
identify payload parameter strings enclosed within `$#` and `#$` as flow
variables.
SetIntegrationRequest policy payload parameter strings enclosed within `{` and
`}` are no longer identified as flow variables.
## November 04, 2022
On November 4, 2022 we released an updated version of the Apigee Integration
software.
US multi-region (us) for Apigee Integration is deprecated. Use us-east1, us-
west1, or us-central1 locations instead
As of November 10, 2022, you can no longer create an integration in the US
multi-region (us) location. Any existing integration running in US multi-
region (us) will be stopped on or after January 10, 2023.
It's recommended that you perform the following actions before January 10,
2023:
* Clone your existing integrations to us-east1, us-west1, us-central1, or any of the supported regions. For information about how to clone an integration, see Clone integrations.
* Migrate your existing integration proxies to us-east1, us-west1, us-central1, or any of the supported regions. You can do this by manually updating the `IntegrationRegion` child element in the SetIntegrationRequest policy.
## October 04, 2022
On October 4, 2022 we released an updated version of the Apigee Integration
software.
Apigee Integration trials
Starting with this release, Apigee Integration trials (eval org) is available
in Application Integration. Users in a newly provisioned Apigee eval org will
be redirected to Application Integration when they open Integrations in
Apigee. You can continue using the Apigee proxies (created in the eval org)
with the integrations created in Application Integration.
Note: There is no change in the process of enabling integrations in an Apigee
paid org. For information about Apigee paid org, see Enable integrations in a
paid org.
## September 01, 2022
On September 01, 2022 we released an updated version of the Apigee Integration
software.
Region support for integration endpoint
* Region support when creating an integration using a proxy. You can now specify the region of the integration in a proxy and use that region to generate a regionalised integration endpoint. For more information, see Getting started with Apigee Integration and Apigee proxy Integration targets.
* Region support in SetIntegrationRequest policy. Using the <IntegrationRegion> element, you can now specify the region of your integration in the SetIntegrationRequest policy.
Note: <IntegrationRegion> is a mandatory element in the SetIntegrationRequest
policy and applies to any new proxies that are created from this release
onwards. If there is no <IntegrationRegion> provided in the policy, Apigee
will throw an error and continue execution using the Apigee runtime region.
For more information, see SetIntegrationRequest policy.
## August 10, 2022
On August 10, 2022 we released an updated version of the Apigee Integration
software.
Support for VPC Service Controls (Preview)
VPC Service Controls lets you define a security perimeter around the Apigee
Integration Google Cloud service. For more information, see Set up VPC Service
Controls for Apigee Integration.
## July 09, 2022
On July 09, 2022 we released an updated version of the Apigee Integration
software.
Data Mapping task enhancements
The Data Mapping task in Apigee Integrations now provides the following
enhancements:
* Nested function support. You can pass one or more transformation functions as input parameters to another function.
* New transformation functions. You can use the following new transform functions for array-type variables:
* FILTER \- Filters the array elements that satisfy a given condition.
* FOR_EACH \- Applies one or more transformation functions for each element in an array.
* Subfield mapping support for JSON variables. You can view and search all the subfields of a JSON variable in the data mapping editor variable list.
For more information, see the Data Mapping task.
## June 23, 2022
On June 23, 2022 we released an updated version of the Apigee Integrations
software.
Apigee Integration trials
Starting with this release, Apigee Integrations is available in an Apigee Eval
org which lets you try out the integrations feature without getting billed for
the usage. For information, see Enable integrations in an eval org.
Updates to SetIntegrationRequest policy
The SetIntegrationRequest policy has the following updates:
* Support for ref attribute in the <Parameter>, <ParameterArray>, and <Value> elements. By using this attribute, you can assign flow variable values to the parameters.
* Empty <Parameter> and <ParameterArray> elements are supported. However, if these elements are empty, Apigee treats the element value as null.
* Empty <Value> element is not supported. If the element is empty, Apigee reports an error.
## February 21, 2022
On February 21, 2022 we released an updated version of the Apigee Integration
software.
Bug ID Description
N/A Cloud Pub/Sub trigger having same topic in multiple region fails. You can
now create a Cloud Pub/Sub trigger for the same topic in multiple regions.
Because of this fix, your already existing Cloud Pub/Sub trigger may now
execute multiple times. Contact Apigee support if you notice this problem.
However, if you haven't used the Cloud Pub/Sub trigger in your integrations,
you can ignore this fix.
## January 19, 2022
On January 19, 2022 we released an updated version of the Apigee Integration
software.
Filter clause in the Connectors task
You can add a filter to restrict the amount of data processed by an entity
operation. For more information, see Add a filter for an operation.
Upload and download integrations
The Upload/download menu button in the integration designer lets you upload
and download integrations in a JSON file format. For more information, see
Upload and download integrations.
Send feedback
Except as otherwise noted, the content of this page is licensed under the
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License, and code samples are licensed under
the Apache 2.0 License. For details, see the Google Developers Site Policies.
Java is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Last updated 2023-02-10 UTC.
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|
spiderum_text/358 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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spiderum_text/4310 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
Tinhte
Mạng xã hội
CameraHỏi đáp, thảo luậnMáy ảnh du lịch
1
2
3
Mở hộp DJI Mini 2 SE: đang định chơi lại drone
cuhiep
\+ Theo dõi
12 ngàyBình luận: 104
Lưu bài viết
Thông báo
Thông báo
Mình đã hai lần mua và dùng thử drone nhưng 2 lần nó đều bay xuống hồ… đó là
câu chuyện cách đây cũng 7-8 năm rồi. Nay mình nhận nhiệm vụ ship cái DJI Mini
2 SE mới ra mắt về cho Nam Air trải nghiệm và chia sẻ với anh em. Táy máy mở
hộp ra coi sao mà “dục vọng” bay nó lại nổi lên trong mình…
Thôi cho anh em coi nó trước, rồi coi xong anh em cho lời khuyên. Một người
tầm tuổi mình, tay chân lanh lợi, đầu óc nhạy bén, mắt tinh anh… gia đình cũng
ổn định công việc cũng không tệ thì có nên chơi không.
Unbox_DJI_Mini_2_SE_Tinhte_cuhiep-02.jpg
Hộp đơn giản và hình ảnh trên đó rất đẹp và pro.
Unbox_DJI_Mini_2_SE_Tinhte_cuhiep-03.jpg
Nhìn cái phần ăn theo Apple như làm cho iPhone, hoạt động với Mac… là thấy yêu
rồi.
Quảng cáo
Unbox_DJI_Mini_2_SE_Tinhte_cuhiep-01.jpg
Thông tin cấu hình và đồ trong hộp được in rõ ràng bên ngoài. Có cả link tải
app.
Unbox_DJI_Mini_2_SE_Tinhte_cuhiep-04.jpg
Mình không theo dõi thị trường flycam nên không biết cái 249g này là nó ở khúc
nào nhưng trên hộp in là ultralight nên chắc nó sẽ nhẹ lắm so với các thằng
khác.
Unbox_DJI_Mini_2_SE_Tinhte_cuhiep-07.jpg
Trong hộp là một cái túi làm rất đẹp
Unbox_DJI_Mini_2_SE_Tinhte_cuhiep-05.jpg
Mở túi ra thấy máy bay và các hộp khác
Unbox_DJI_Mini_2_SE_Tinhte_cuhiep-06.jpg
Trong ngăn này mình thấy mấy bộ cánh sơ cua
Quảng cáo
Unbox_DJI_Mini_2_SE_Tinhte_cuhiep-08.jpg
Lôi hết ra thì được vầy. Khá là nhiều phụ kiện, đặc biệt là cho tới 3 cục pin
Unbox_DJI_Mini_2_SE_Tinhte_cuhiep-22.jpg
Máy bay được gấp nhỏ gọn, rất là gọn.
Unbox_DJI_Mini_2_SE_Tinhte_cuhiep-24.jpg
Có một cái đai đạc biệt để giữ cho mấy cái tay và mấy cái cánh nó gọn gàng và
không bị tổn thương. Rất là hay ho luôn. Mình mở hộp thử thì thấy DJI là UX
cực kỳ tốt, từ cái băng keo lột ra cũng rất là hợp lý, dễ dàng cho người dùng.
Unbox_DJI_Mini_2_SE_Tinhte_cuhiep-26.jpg
Camera được bảo vệ bởi một cái nắp bằng nhựa nhìn xuyên. Lúc dùng thì tháo ra.
Quảng cáo
Unbox_DJI_Mini_2_SE_Tinhte_cuhiep-30.jpg
Tháo ra thì thấy camera được gắn trên hệ thống chống rung nhiều trục. Cụ thể
mình chưa tìm hiểu. Anh em muốn coi kỹ thì…
Unbox_DJI_Mini_2_SE_Tinhte_cuhiep-29.jpg
Bụng Mini 2 SE có cảm biến và một số lỗ thông hơi, nút check pin hay gì đó.
Unbox_DJI_Mini_2_SE_Tinhte_cuhiep-25.jpg
Phía sau thấy cổng USB-C, khe thẻ microSD và nắp để lấy pin.
Unbox_DJI_Mini_2_SE_Tinhte_cuhiep-33.jpg
Tháo nắp ra anh em thấy được cục pin để sẵn trong đó.
Unbox_DJI_Mini_2_SE_Tinhte_cuhiep-31.jpg
Tháo nắp, tháo pin ra thì thấy nó như một kho chứa hàng trong những cái máy
bay chở hàng.
Unbox_DJI_Mini_2_SE_Tinhte_cuhiep-14.jpg
Đây là tay điều khiển khi bung ra. Gắn smartphone vào để làm cái màn hình quan
sát và điều khiển. Sợi cáp Lightning để sẵn trong đó. Anh em có thể tháo ra để
thay bằng sợi USB-C nếu dùng iPhone có cổng USB-C hoặc Android.
Unbox_DJI_Mini_2_SE_Tinhte_cuhiep-10.jpg
Hai núm điều khiển được cất vào hai cái khe này khi không dùng. Cổng USB-C sạc
cho điều khiển.
* * * *
Unbox_DJI_Mini_2_SE_Tinhte_cuhiep-18.jpg
Hộp sạc pin chứa và sạc được 3 cục pin cùng lúc. Mình dùng nhiều đồ điện tử
thì ít có hãng nào cho nhiều pin theo vậy.
Unbox_DJI_Mini_2_SE_Tinhte_cuhiep-19.jpg
Mỗi cục pin có dung lượng là 2250mAh - 17.32wH
Unbox_DJI_Mini_2_SE_Tinhte_cuhiep-17.jpg
Hộp không chỉ sạc pin mà còn cấp pin ra ngoài qua cổng USB-A.
* *
Unbox_DJI_Mini_2_SE_Tinhte_cuhiep-34.jpg
Cuối cùng khi mang đi thì anh em cần vầy thôi. Cũng khá là hay ho.
* * * * * * * ThíchYêuHaha24
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### CHỦ ĐỀ TƯƠNG TỰ
Nam Air
Trải nghiệm DJI Mini 2 SE: lựa chọn cân bằng ở dòng drone giá rẻ
l_u_m_i_a
Ra Mắt DJI Mini 2 SE - chiếc flycam dòng mini, giá rẻ nhưng vẫn được trang bị
nhiều tính năng mới
Nhà Của Cáo
Các lưu ý khi thay cánh cho flycam
Nhà Của Cáo
Trải nghiệm DJI RS 3 Mini: giá tốt, tải được nhiều máy, arm dọc tiện lợi
Tags:dronedjikhông ảnhdji mini 2 se
Đăng nhập một phát, tha hồ bình luận (^ 3^)
Nam Air
VIP
12 ngày
Báo xấu
Ngon quá anh ơi, cuối cùng DJI Mini 2 cũng có bản SE, đây là lựa chọn ổn cho
anh em có nhu cầu mua một drone giá mềm, chất lượng ổn với số tiền bỏ ra nha.
Cho anh em chưa biết, bản Combo Flymore của DJI Mini 2 SE giá khoảng 11tr3,
bản đơn là 8tr2 nha.
ThíchYêu13
Xem thêm 11 trả lời cũ hơn...
Nam Air
VIP
12 ngày
Báo xấu
Van Nha đã nói: ↑
> cho hỏi bản này bay được quảng đường đi về bao xa anh ? với độ cao bao
> nhiêu?
@Van Nha cao thì drone nào cũng max 500m từ nơi cất cánh thôi bạn, max range
em này là 10km nha.
tranbinh198074
CAO CẤP
11 ngày
Báo xấu
Nam Air đã nói: ↑
> cao thì drone nào cũng max 500m từ nơi cất cánh thôi bạn, max range em này
> là 10km nha.
@Nam Air Ghê, xa thật.
Cường QC
ĐẠI BÀNG
8 ngày
Báo xấu
Nam Air đã nói: ↑
> Ngon quá anh ơi, cuối cùng DJI Mini 2 cũng có bản SE, đây là lựa chọn ổn cho
> anh em có nhu cầu mua một drone giá mềm, chất lượng ổn với số tiền bỏ ra
> nha.
> Cho anh em chưa biết, bản Combo Flymore của DJI Mini 2 SE giá khoảng 11tr3,
> bản đơn là 8tr2 nha.
@Nam Air bản đơn nó có những gì vậy bác Nam, bác review giúp những cái cơ bản
như, khoảng cách, nếu mất tín hiệu có tự mò về ko hay đi lạc, mình ko rành đồ
này lắm nên bác chi tiết đc thì quá là hay ho luôn.
JANG RYONG
VIP
12 ngày
Báo xấu
Nhỏ gọn quá
tulinhtran
Trứng
12 ngày
Báo xấu
ngon bổ rẻ cho người mới chơi đấy 😁
https://tiki.vn/combo-flycam-dji-mavic-mini-2-se-may-bay-flycam-the-he-moi-
gimbal-3-truc-bay-10km-thoi-gian-bay-31-phut-ban-nang-cap-p21753059.html
Thích1
anhlucky2
CAO CẤP
12 ngày
Báo xấu
Cho mình mượn xài thử 1 tuần voii
Thích1
williamcuong282
TÍCH CỰC
12 ngày
Báo xấu
Đang có bộ FPV của NXP này mà lười lắp, dành cho anh em sinh viên hoặc kĩ sư
nghiên cứu FPV chuyên nghiệp. Chắc bán đi mua con Mini này
z4070340340786_ba03a352e51d5ffc4755da66640907c7.jpg
z4070340332336_7f951cc64611836c9410d83a8e91e80f.jpg
z4070340329013_411c233fb256c0706a0ae208b214c537.jpg
Thích1
Nano
ĐẠI BÀNG
12 ngày
Báo xấu
williamcuong282 đã nói: ↑
> Đang có bộ FPV của NXP này mà lười lắp, dành cho anh em sinh viên hoặc kĩ sư
> nghiên cứu FPV chuyên nghiệp. Chắc bán đi mua con Mini này
@williamcuong282 trông chuyên nghiệp vãi, bác có bán không cho em ít info
williamcuong282
TÍCH CỰC
12 ngày
Báo xấu
Nano đã nói: ↑
> trông chuyên nghiệp vãi, bác có bán không cho em ít info
@Nano Inbox nếu muốn biết thêm thông tin 0902 97 1317
tamnguyen072
CAO CẤP
12 ngày
Báo xấu
Mới chơi mua con này chắc hợp lý nhất, lỡ có rớt cũng đỡ xót (những vẫn thốn)
Thích1
Savitar2021
ĐẠI BÀNG
12 ngày
Báo xấu
chơi cái này vui hông ta
Thích1
baccon
TÍCH CỰC
12 ngày
Báo xấu
Lại rớt thôi
Haha2
THICH TUM LUM
ĐẠI BÀNG
12 ngày
Báo xấu
Con này đâu quay được 4k đâu ,thà mua con mini 2 .
tieutangbuongbinh
CAO CẤP
12 ngày
Báo xấu
THICH TUM LUM đã nói: ↑
> Con này đâu quay được 4k đâu ,thà mua con mini 2 .
@THICH TUM LUM Thấy @NamAir nói có 4k mà nhỉ
Nam Air
VIP
12 ngày
Báo xấu
tieutangbuongbinh đã nói: ↑
> Thấy @NamAir nói có 4k mà nhỉ
@tieutangbuongbinh 2K7 nha bạn
THICH TUM LUM
ĐẠI BÀNG
12 ngày
Báo xấu
tieutangbuongbinh đã nói: ↑
> Thấy @NamAir nói có 4k mà nhỉ
@tieutangbuongbinh Hình như 2k7 thôi .
Võ Thành Quân
VIP
12 ngày
Báo xấu
Ngon
vuhuy99
ĐẠI BÀNG
12 ngày
Báo xấu
"Một người tầm tuổi mình, tay chân lanh lợi, đầu óc nhạy bén, mắt tinh anh…
gia đình cũng ổn định công việc cũng không tệ thì có nên chơi không."
Chào bạn Hiệp @cuhiep, mình cũng tầm tuổi bạn, và mình cũng có để
2 em drone dưới hồ và cũng có ý định chơi lại. Mình không có lời
khuyên cho bạn vì mình biết là bạn đã có câu trả lời. Riêng mình,
có 2 rào cản để chơi lại là chi phí và thời gian. Drone là một thú
vui khá tốn kém vì nó hay ... rớt xuống hồ 😃. Và mỗi khi thấy cảnh
đẹp, mở ra gắn điện thoại, set up... thì gia đình... đi mất tiêu.
Với thông tin của bạn Nam Air bên trên, bản đơn giá 8tr2 thì mình đang
có ý định quay lại. Mong bạn Nam Air review sớm và cho mình thêm 1
thông tin là có sử dụng smart controller được không? mình thấy gắn
điện thoại, mở app... mất thời gian quá. Mình chỉ chơi drone vì thú
vui chụp hình khi đi du lịch, không kiếm được tiền từ hình ảnh hay
bài viết có hình ảnh từ drone nên phải cân nhắc.
Cảm ơn bạn Hiệp có bài viết hay làm mình cũng nôn nao và cảm ơn
thông tin từ bạn Nam Air.
ThíchHaha10
Xem thêm 2 trả lời cũ hơn...
dongqtrung
TÍCH CỰC
12 ngày
Báo xấu
vuhuy99 đã nói: ↑
> "Một người tầm tuổi mình, tay chân lanh lợi, đầu óc nhạy bén, mắt tinh anh…
> gia đình cũng ổn định công việc cũng không tệ thì có nên chơi không."
> Chào bạn Hiệp @cuhiep, mình cũng tầm tuổi bạn, và mình cũng có
> để 2 em drone dưới hồ và cũng có ý định chơi lại. Mình không có
> lời khuyên cho bạn vì mình biết là bạn đã có câu trả lời. Riêng
> mình, có 2 rào cản để chơi lại là chi phí và thời gian. Drone là
> một thú vui khá tốn kém vì nó hay ... rớt xuống hồ 😃. Và mỗi khi
> thấy cảnh đẹp, mở ra gắn điện thoại, set up... thì gia đình... đi
> mất tiêu.
> Với thông tin của bạn Nam Air bên trên, bản đơn giá 8tr2 thì mình
> đang có ý định quay lại. Mong bạn Nam Air review sớm và cho mình
> thêm 1 thông tin là có sử dụng smart controller được không? mình thấy
> gắn điện thoại, mở app... mất thời gian quá. Mình chỉ chơi drone
> vì thú vui chụp hình khi đi du lịch, không kiếm được tiền từ hình
> ảnh hay bài viết có hình ảnh từ drone nên phải cân nhắc.
> Cảm ơn bạn Hiệp có bài viết hay làm mình cũng nôn nao và cảm ơn
> thông tin từ bạn Nam Air.
@vuhuy99 qtrong là quay chụp xong ai xem? nếu có platform tốt để post thành
quả và có lượng người xem ổn định thì sẽ có động lực hơn, còn quay chụp xong
để đó thì đc 3 bữa 21 ngày chán thôi
Thích2
duyvua
TÍCH CỰC
12 ngày
Báo xấu
vuhuy99 đã nói: ↑
> "Một người tầm tuổi mình, tay chân lanh lợi, đầu óc nhạy bén, mắt tinh anh…
> gia đình cũng ổn định công việc cũng không tệ thì có nên chơi không."
> Chào bạn Hiệp @cuhiep, mình cũng tầm tuổi bạn, và mình cũng có
> để 2 em drone dưới hồ và cũng có ý định chơi lại. Mình không có
> lời khuyên cho bạn vì mình biết là bạn đã có câu trả lời. Riêng
> mình, có 2 rào cản để chơi lại là chi phí và thời gian. Drone là
> một thú vui khá tốn kém vì nó hay ... rớt xuống hồ 😃. Và mỗi khi
> thấy cảnh đẹp, mở ra gắn điện thoại, set up... thì gia đình... đi
> mất tiêu.
> Với thông tin của bạn Nam Air bên trên, bản đơn giá 8tr2 thì mình
> đang có ý định quay lại. Mong bạn Nam Air review sớm và cho mình
> thêm 1 thông tin là có sử dụng smart controller được không? mình thấy
> gắn điện thoại, mở app... mất thời gian quá. Mình chỉ chơi drone
> vì thú vui chụp hình khi đi du lịch, không kiếm được tiền từ hình
> ảnh hay bài viết có hình ảnh từ drone nên phải cân nhắc.
> Cảm ơn bạn Hiệp có bài viết hay làm mình cũng nôn nao và cảm ơn
> thông tin từ bạn Nam Air.
@vuhuy99 Thực sự là nếu không kiếm tiền từ nó, hoặc không có niềm đam mê lớn
với quay phim, chụp ảnh, đi du lịch nhiều thì không nên mua nó đâu anh. Bay
được ba bữa là chán à.
Thích2
hktt311
ĐẠI BÀNG
11 ngày
Báo xấu
duyvua đã nói: ↑
> Thực sự là nếu không kiếm tiền từ nó, hoặc không có niềm đam mê lớn với quay
> phim, chụp ảnh, đi du lịch nhiều thì không nên mua nó đâu anh. Bay được ba
> bữa là chán à.
@duyvua cảm ơn lời khuyên chân thành 😁
vtcmg
ĐẠI BÀNG
11 ngày
Báo xấu
duyvua đã nói: ↑
> Thực sự là nếu không kiếm tiền từ nó, hoặc không có niềm đam mê lớn với quay
> phim, chụp ảnh, đi du lịch nhiều thì không nên mua nó đâu anh. Bay được ba
> bữa là chán à.
@duyvua Đúng thật, mình mua kính vr $1500 chơi vài lần bỏ xó, vì k có time và
có time chơi pc thấy thoải mái hơn. Nên cái gì giờ mua Phải suy nghĩ kỹ
duythanh90
TÍCH CỰC
12 ngày
Báo xấu
Mình cũng từng chơi Mavic Mini, công nhận chơi thì thích đấy nhưng ở thành phố
bay cứ lén lút khổ lắm 😆. Đi du lịch thì lâu lâu mới dùng
Lục Gia
VIP
12 ngày
Báo xấu
duythanh90 đã nói: ↑
> Mình cũng từng chơi Mavic Mini, công nhận chơi thì thích đấy nhưng ở thành
> phố bay cứ lén lút khổ lắm 😆. Đi du lịch thì lâu lâu mới dùng
@duythanh90 giờ du lịch cũng đa số cấm bay rồi, trừ khi đi những nơi vắng vẻ
thì may ra
Thích1
doomeranger
TÍCH CỰC
11 ngày
Báo xấu
Lục Gia đã nói: ↑
> giờ du lịch cũng đa số cấm bay rồi, trừ khi đi những nơi vắng vẻ thì may ra
@Lục Gia Mới đi Lý Sơn. Mấy ông kia đang bay bị bộ đội ra hốt về đồn luôn
tieutangbuongbinh
CAO CẤP
12 ngày
Báo xấu
"Một người tầm tuổi mình, tay chân lanh lợi, đầu óc nhạy bén, mắt tinh anh…
gia đình cũng ổn định công việc cũng không tệ thì có nên chơi không." Chơi đi
anh chán lại làm mini game cho em tham gia với
ThíchHaha2
cuhiep
VIP
12 ngày
Báo xấu
tieutangbuongbinh đã nói: ↑
> "Một người tầm tuổi mình, tay chân lanh lợi, đầu óc nhạy bén, mắt tinh anh…
> gia đình cũng ổn định công việc cũng không tệ thì có nên chơi không." Chơi
> đi anh chán lại làm mini game cho em tham gia với
@tieutangbuongbinh lời khuyên chân thành quá bạn
Haha2
trungsg
ĐẠI BÀNG
12 ngày
Báo xấu
tieutangbuongbinh đã nói: ↑
> "Một người tầm tuổi mình, tay chân lanh lợi, đầu óc nhạy bén, mắt tinh anh…
> gia đình cũng ổn định công việc cũng không tệ thì có nên chơi không." Chơi
> đi anh chán lại làm mini game cho em tham gia với
@tieutangbuongbinh Quan trọng là vẫn còn "dục vọng", nhất là dục vọng với
drone, tội nghiệp em drone bé nhỏ 😆
Haha1
Võ Thành Quân
VIP
12 ngày
Báo xấu
Ngon quá
thanh.vohong
VIP
12 ngày
Báo xấu
Nếu không lầm thì bản đồ trong con dji này có hình lưỡi bò, mất luôn Hoàng Sa
và Trường Sa. Đúng chứ các bạn chơi dji?
tieutangbuongbinh
CAO CẤP
12 ngày
Báo xấu
thanh.vohong đã nói: ↑
> Nếu không lầm thì bản đồ trong con dji này có hình lưỡi bò, mất luôn Hoàng
> Sa và Trường Sa. Đúng chứ các bạn chơi dji?
@thanh.vohong KO rành nên ko rõ , nhưng chơi vậy thì ko ổn
zer0_7
VIP
12 ngày
Báo xấu
thanh.vohong đã nói: ↑
> Nếu không lầm thì bản đồ trong con dji này có hình lưỡi bò, mất luôn Hoàng
> Sa và Trường Sa. Đúng chứ các bạn chơi dji?
@thanh.vohong Đúng, muốn cài app điều khiển Drone trên đt phải chuyển vùng
sang Store nước ngoài, vì Store ở thị trường VN nó cho bay màu vì hình lưỡi bò
thì phải.
Coonghy
TÍCH CỰC
12 ngày
Báo xấu
thanh.vohong đã nói: ↑
> Nếu không lầm thì bản đồ trong con dji này có hình lưỡi bò, mất luôn Hoàng
> Sa và Trường Sa. Đúng chứ các bạn chơi dji?
@thanh.vohong Nhưng hoàng trường sa là của trung cộng rồi bạn, ko tin bạn đi
hỏi các bác ở trên đi sẽ hiểu, còn vì sao app dji fly ko có trên store ở vn là
vì các bạn trẻ lên bình luận chửi trung cộng và nói bản đồ sai nên thằng dji
nó ghét nó éo để app trên store nữa. Các bạn cứ nói trung quốc nó ác, nô nô
trung quốc nó ko ác, chỉ có người trung quốc theo cộng sản gọi là trung cộng
nó mới ác.
gaodenvang
TÍCH CỰC
12 ngày
Báo xấu
Coonghy đã nói: ↑
> Nhưng hoàng trường sa là của trung cộng rồi bạn, ko tin bạn đi hỏi các bác ở
> trên đi sẽ hiểu, còn vì sao app dji fly ko có trên store ở vn là vì các bạn
> trẻ lên bình luận chửi trung cộng và nói bản đồ sai nên thằng dji nó ghét nó
> éo để app trên store nữa. Các bạn cứ nói trung quốc nó ác, nô nô trung quốc
> nó ko ác, chỉ có người trung quốc theo cộng sản gọi là trung cộng nó mới ác.
@Coonghy ý anh là thằng Đài Loan ok chứ gì, nó mất dạy có khác gì đâu, tư bản
hay cộng sản cũng mất dạy như nhau
hoangminh2018
VIP
12 ngày
Báo xấu
@cuhiep phải chơi Mavic 3 mới xứng tầm, chứ 3 cái đồ quỷ này chơi làm giề
Haha1
conankcbn7
TÍCH CỰC
12 ngày
Báo xấu
thằng này phải chê hàng Tàu chứ
Haha1
blueiswarm269
ĐẠI BÀNG
12 ngày
Báo xấu
Đường đường là 1 chủ tịch đáng lẻ a phải mua mavic 3 cine chứ 🙂
Yêu1
hoangminh2018
VIP
11 ngày
Báo xấu
blueiswarm269 đã nói: ↑
> Đường đường là 1 chủ tịch đáng lẻ a phải mua mavic 3 cine chứ 🙂
@blueiswarm269 Chủ tịt mà chơi con flycam này thì cháu Đan với cháu Vân nó lại
cười cho thối mũi.
Cười vô mặt
Sơn Kao
TÍCH CỰC
11 ngày
Báo xấu
hoangminh2018 đã nói: ↑
> Chủ tịt mà chơi con flycam này thì cháu Đan với cháu Vân nó lại cười cho
> thối mũi.
@hoangminh2018 Chủ tịch này giả danh thôi 🤣
vinhphucng25
VIP
12 ngày
Báo xấu
tưởng giá 8tr9 là có luôn cả combo thì mua liền... hihi...
thaido_design
VIP
10 ngày
Báo xấu
vinhphucng25 đã nói: ↑
> tưởng giá 8tr9 là có luôn cả combo thì mua liền... hihi...
@vinhphucng25 Minin2 cũ =))))
Thích1
Hyper But
TÍCH CỰC
12 ngày
Báo xấu
Qúa ngon
chanvan1611
TÍCH CỰC
12 ngày
Báo xấu
con mini 3pro của mình mấy hôm nay bay toàn mất kết nối với rc, bay mà rén :
((
Sơn Kao
TÍCH CỰC
11 ngày
Báo xấu
chanvan1611 đã nói: ↑
> con mini 3pro của mình mấy hôm nay bay toàn mất kết nối với rc, bay mà rén :
> ((
@chanvan1611 Up firmware đi bro. Mình mới up sóng đầy 😅
chanvan1611
TÍCH CỰC
9 ngày
Báo xấu
Sơn Kao đã nói: ↑
> Up firmware đi bro. Mình mới up sóng đầy 😅
@Sơn Kao đã lên nhưng vẫn vậy, bay 500m là mất kết nối
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### Đăng nhập & Đăng ký
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Trang chủ 5Giay > Điện Thoại > iPhone >
### Tìm kiếm bài viết theo id
# Thanh lý điện thoại Mobistar B249 2 sim & xác 2 điện thoại NOKIA 105
Thảo luận trong 'iPhone' bắt đầu bởi vnkd, 8/8/21.
ID Topic : 9624822
Công cụ chủ đề
### Công cụ chủ đề
Giá bán:
160,000 đ
Điện thoại liên hệ:
0934062284
Địa chỉ liên hệ:
160 Lã Xuân Oai, P. Tăng Nhơn Phú A, Tp. Thủ Đức, Quận Bình Thạnh, TP.Hồ Chí Minh (Bản đồ)
Ngày đăng:
8/8/21 lúc 17:52
1. ### vnkd Thành Viên Bạch Kim
Tham gia ngày:
6/11/16
Bài viết:
5,955
> Mình ở khu vực đường Lã Xuân Oai, Q. 9 cũ. Cần thanh lý 1 điện thoại
> Mobistar B249 2 sim, máy thiết kế đẹp, nguyên zin, màn hình vừa dùng, máy
> còn rất mới, loa to, sóng khỏe, nghe nhạc Mp3, đài FM thoải mái, máy bị chai
> pin phồng pin và phải thay pin khác mới dùng được, loại PIN BL-175.
>
> Và 2 điện thoại NOKIA loại 105 1 sim, 1 cái đời cũ dùng sạc chân kim, 1 cái
> đời 2017, 2018 gì đó. Tình trạng: ngoại hình 2 cái khá cũ, 1 cái bị bể lưng
> và khung cạnh và không có pin, chắc chỉ mở lấy xác, cái này thì có sạc chân
> kim đi kèm, cái còn lại có pin nhưng không có sạc, có 1 nút bấm số 7 thấy bị
> liệt, 2 cái thì mở đều còn lên nguồn và nhận sim bình thường. Anh em nào cần
> mua về sửa chữa thay thế bán lại thì liên hệ mình nhé, bán cả không bán lại.
>
> Xin cảm ơn.
>
> Thanh lý điện thoại Mobistar B249 2 sim & xác 2 điện thoại NOKIA 105
> Thanh lý điện thoại Mobistar B249 2 sim & xác 2 điện thoại NOKIA 105 -
> 1Thanh lý điện thoại Mobistar B249 2 sim & xác 2 điện thoại NOKIA 105 -
> 2Thanh lý điện thoại Mobistar B249 2 sim & xác 2 điện thoại NOKIA 105 -
> 3Thanh lý điện thoại Mobistar B249 2 sim & xác 2 điện thoại NOKIA 105 - 4
>
Chỉnh sửa cuối: 11/9/21
vnkd, 8/8/21 lúc 17:52
#1
2. Tiện ích Mua-Bán trên 5giay.vn (Mobifone, Vinafone, Viettel)
UP 9624822 gửi 8177 UP 9624822 HOT gửi 8577
Topic của bạn sẽ lên đầu Topic của bạn sẽ có 5giay hot nổi bật
5GIAY 0 gửi 8777
Nạp tài khoản & Lên lịch Up topic tự động
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3. ### congtyquynhanh Thành Viên Kim Cương
> Điện thoại liên hệ:
>
> 0934062284
>
congtyquynhanh, 10/8/21 lúc 08:55
#2
4. ### h.anhshop Thành Viên Cấp 3
> Thanh lý điện thoại Mobistar B249 2 sim & xác 2 điện thoại NOKIA 105
>
h.anhshop, 7/5/22 lúc 06:17
#3
5. ### h.anhshop Thành Viên Cấp 3
> Thanh lý điện thoại Mobistar B249 2 sim & xác 2 điện thoại NOKIA 105
>
h.anhshop, 7/5/22 lúc 06:21
#4
6. ### h.anhshop Thành Viên Cấp 3
> Thanh lý điện thoại Mobistar B249 2 sim & xác 2 điện thoại NOKIA 105
>
h.anhshop, 7/5/22 lúc 06:21
#5
7. ### h.anhshop Thành Viên Cấp 3
> Thanh lý điện thoại Mobistar B249 2 sim & xác 2 điện thoại NOKIA 105
>
h.anhshop, 7/5/22 lúc 06:22
#6
8. Xem thêm bình luận
9. ### h.anhshop Thành Viên Cấp 3
> Thanh lý điện thoại Mobistar B249 2 sim & xác 2 điện thoại NOKIA 105
>
h.anhshop, 7/5/22 lúc 06:22
#7
10. ### h.anhshop Thành Viên Cấp 3
> Thanh lý điện thoại Mobistar B249 2 sim & xác 2 điện thoại NOKIA 105Dat nuoc
> thuy dien.Dep qua troi dep .thi lay lay dc thi lay co ai noi gi dau
>
h.anhshop, 7/5/22 lúc 06:24
#8
11. ### h.anhshop Thành Viên Cấp 3
> Thanh lý điện thoại Mobistar B249 2 sim & xác 2 điện thoại NOKIA 105Cam.on
> shopee nha.co cot lun ne..u tot do
>
h.anhshop, 7/5/22 lúc 06:26
#9
12. ### h.anhshop Thành Viên Cấp 3
> Thanh lý điện thoại Mobistar B249 2 sim & xác 2 điện thoại NOKIA 105
>
h.anhshop, 7/5/22 lúc 06:26
#10
13. ### h.anhshop Thành Viên Cấp 3
> Thanh lý điện thoại Mobistar B249 2 sim & xác 2 điện thoại NOKIA 105Dat nuic
> thuy dien dep qua vhen.dep lun rui.me
>
h.anhshop, 7/5/22 lúc 06:28
#11
14. ### h.anhshop Thành Viên Cấp 3
> Thanh lý điện thoại Mobistar B249 2 sim & xác 2 điện thoại NOKIA 105C on
> sopee dep qua tchen dep.co cot lun ne
>
h.anhshop, 7/5/22 lúc 06:29
#12
15. ### vnkd Thành Viên Bạch Kim
> Một điện thoại Mobistar B249 2 sim, máy thiết kế đẹp, nguyên zin, màn hình
> vừa dùng, máy còn rất mới, loa to, sóng khỏe, nghe nhạc Mp3, đài FM thoải
> mái, máy bị chai pin phồng pin và phải thay pin khác mới dùng được, loại PIN
> BL-175. Và 2 điện thoại NOKIA loại 105 loại 1 sim, 2 cái sạc NOKIA chân kim.
> điện thoại thì 1 cái đời cũ dùng sạc chân kim, 1 cái đời 2017 dùng sạc micro
> USB. Tình trạngchắc chỉ mở lấy linh kiện hoặc sửa chữa. Giá tất cả là
> 180.000
>
vnkd, 23/10/22 lúc 18:53
#13
16. ### vnkd Thành Viên Bạch Kim
> Dọn nhà bán xác 1 điện thoại Mobistar B249 2 sim, máy thiết kế đẹp, nguyên
> zin, màn hình to, máy còn mới, loa to, sóng khỏe, nghe nhạc Mp3, đài FM, máy
> bị chai pin phồng pin & phải thay pin khác, loại PIN BL-175.
>
vnkd, 16/11/22 lúc 12:50
#14
17. ### vnkd Thành Viên Bạch Kim
> Và 2 điện thoại NOKIA 105 loại 1 sim, 2 cái sạc NOKIA chân kim. Điện thoại
> thì 1 cái dùng sạc chân kim, 1 cái dùng sạc micro USB. Ngoại hình 2 cái khá
> cũ, 1 cái bị bể lưng và khung cạnh, chắc chỉ mở lấy xác, cái còn lại có 1
> nút bấm số 7 thấy bị liệt, 2 cái thì đều có pin đi kèm, mở còn lên nguồn &
> nhận sim. Anh em có thể mua về sửa chữa, thay thế hay vọc vạch bán lại nhé
>
vnkd, 16/11/22 lúc 12:50
#15
18. ### vnkd Thành Viên Bạch Kim
> Dọn nhà cần bán xác 1 điện thoại Mobistar B249 2 sim, máy thiết kế đẹp,
> nguyên zin, màn hình vừa dùng, máy còn rất mới, loa to, sóng khỏe, nghe nhạc
> Mp3, đài FM thoải mái, máy bị chai pin phồng pin và phải thay pin khác là
> dùng được ngay, loại PIN BL-175.
>
vnkd, 17/11/22 lúc 18:04
#16
19. ### vnkd Thành Viên Bạch Kim
> Và 2 điện thoại NOKIA loại 105 loại 1 sim, 2 cái sạc NOKIA chân kim. Điện
> thoại thì 1 cái dùng sạc chân kim, 1 cái dùng sạc micro USB. Tình trạng
> ngoại hình 2 cái khá cũ, 1 cái bị bể lưng và khung cạnh, chắc chỉ mở lấy
> xác, cái còn lại có 1 nút bấm số 7 thấy bị liệt, 2 cái thì đều có pin đi
> kèm, mở đều còn lên nguồn và nhận sim bình thường. Anh em có thể mua về sửa
> chữa, thay thế hay vọc vạch bán lại nhé. Giá tất cả là 180.000, không bán
> lẻ. Xin cảm ơn.
>
vnkd, 17/11/22 lúc 18:05
#17
20. ### vnkd Thành Viên Bạch Kim
> Mình xin đính chính lại bài rao nhé, do không chỉnh trên bài được nữa. Dọn
> nhà cần bán xác 1 điện thoại Mobistar B249 2 sim, máy thiết kế đẹp, nguyên
> zin, màn hình vừa dùng, máy còn rất mới, loa to, sóng khỏe, nghe nhạc Mp3,
> đài FM thoải mái, máy bị chai pin phồng pin và phải thay pin khác mới dùng
> được, loại PIN BL-175.
>
vnkd, 15/12/22 lúc 15:55
#18
21. ### vnkd Thành Viên Bạch Kim
> Và 2 điện thoại NOKIA loại 105 loại 1 sim, 2 cái sạc NOKIA chân kim. Điện
> thoại thì 1 cái đời cũ dùng sạc chân kim, 1 cái đời 2017 dùng sạc micro USB.
> Tình trạng: ngoại hình 2 cái khá cũ, 1 cái bị bể lưng và khung cạnh, chắc
> chỉ mở lấy xác, cái còn lại có 1 nút bấm số 7 thấy bị liệt, 2 cái thì đều có
> pin đi kèm, mở đều còn lên nguồn và nhận sim bình thường.
>
vnkd, 15/12/22 lúc 15:55
#19
22. ### vnkd Thành Viên Bạch Kim
> Anh em có thể mua về lấy linh kiện, sửa chữa, thay th vọc vạch bán lại nhé.
> Giá tất cả là 180.000, không bán lẻ. Xin cảm ơn.
>
vnkd, 15/12/22 lúc 15:56
#20
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Home News GlobalMedic responds to Philippine typhoon Haiyan
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# GlobalMedic responds to Philippine typhoon Haiyan
## ‘Our job is we’re there first’, says director Rahul Singh
## Global Medic
Staff photo/IAN KELSO
Staff and volunteers at Global Medic like Allan Lacosse (left) and Gabriel
Serbana load up portable water purification units and water pills ready for
shipment to the Philippines. November 14,2013.
next play/pause pre
Etobicoke Guardian
By Tamara Shephard
A Toronto paramedic is returning to his Philippines’ hometown of Iloilo where
he worked as a doctor as part of GlobalMedic’s relief operations’ team
response to typhoon Haiyan.
Pepito Biclar is among 20-plus GlobalMedic volunteers — paramedics, police
officers, firefighters, nurses, water engineers and an experienced shelter
specialist — heading to the cities of Cebu, Iloilo and Tacloban following
Philippine Red Cross reports the widespread devastation has affected an
estimated 9.5 million people. More than 615,000 people are currently
displaced, and close to 4,000 have died, the agency reported.
Haiyan hit landfall with sustained winds of 295 kilometres per hour, 43 km/h
higher than the threshold for a Category 5 hurricane, the highest category on
the Saffir-Simpson hurricane wind scale, the United Nations (UN) reported.
In all three areas, volunteers from Etobicoke-based GlobalMedic will install
water purification units, distribute water purification tablets, support
medical clinics, deliver essential medicines and complete quick intervention
projects, like repairs to shelters and schools.
The UN has categorized the emergency at the highest level, and is mobilizing
the entire worldwide humanitarian system.
“The UN has called this a ‘megadisaster’. It has mobilized the entire
humanitarian community,” GlobalMedic’s director Rahul Singh said Friday
morning amid conversations with his volunteers to deploy aid by air freight
that day, while also reading cell phone BBM updates from the field.
“But in order for the entire humanitarian community of the world to get there
and stand up, it’s fast, but it’s not that fast. It’s two, three, four weeks.
What we do is fill in the gaps.
“Our job is we’re there first. We’re fanned out. We’re quick. We’re nimble.
We’re small in different areas. We’re getting aid out now to fill those gaps.
We’re buying time for the bigger agencies to come in.”
Visit www.globalmedic.ca to donate. The federal government is matching
Canadians’ donations up to $5 million to humanitarian organizations like
GlobalMedic responding to typhoon-ravaged Philippines’ relief between Nov. 8
and Dec. 9.
GlobalMedic had mobilized and will deliver as of Guardian deadline Friday five
million water purification tablets, 12 water purification units, $100,000
worth of essential medicines and three ‘superstructures’, giant, military-like
tents that are semi-permanent, capable of withstanding Category 3 winds.
Cebu is the core of GlobalMedic’s logistics for inbound humanitarian air
freight and sea freight before the five- to eight-member team moves it out to
just southeast of Tacloban, the airport, where it is the only relief agency
operating, Singh reported.
Matt Capobianco, GlobalMedic’s manager of emergency programs, is heading the
team that has set up large-scale water purification units capable of
supporting a city, distribute individual units to families in isolated, under-
serviced areas, support mobile medical clinics treating survivors, deliver
medicines, and complete quick intervention projects, like fixing a roof on a
school or shelter.
“They’re giving out water tabs. It’s up and running. But we’re facing severe
fuel shortages, difficulty accessing. That team came in by air. Then we put a
convoy in by road with lots of little vehicles and 22 Filipino rescuers. It
took four days for the convoy to arrive. Imagine. It usually takes one-and-a-
half days,” Singh said.
In Iloilo, Biclar is a member of the nine-person Canadian team leading relief
efforts doing the same work as their Ceba-based colleagues.
“He’s a Filipino doctor who came to Toronto for a better life,” Singh said of
Biclar, with whom he has worked. Both men are paramedics. “It’s his hometown.
It will be an emotional experience for him. But I’m sure he’ll do it.”
All GlobalMedic volunteers will be deployed to the Philippines by weekend’s
end, Singh reported.
Haiyan is the third major crisis to hit the Philippines in just two months. In
October, the Bohol earthquake affected more than three million people,
triggering landslides engulfing entire homes, destroying bridges and century-
old church, the UN reported. In September, tens of thousands were forcibly
displaced by armed clashes in Zamboanga City in the southern part of the
country.
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*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate. Executive Order 135 §6 states that for "census years" (years divisible by 10) the reference date would be May 1st, but for all other years, the reference date is to be the "middle of the year". This means that growth rates, although correct, are not necessarily simple year-on-year comparisons.
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
*[11:24 ngày 21/2/23]:
*[18:45 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[14:42 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[17:56 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[11:21 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[11:39 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[11:35 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[08:31 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[14:01 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[13:28 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[12:15 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[08:44 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[Ref.]: References
*[PSGC]: Philippine Standard Geographic Code
*[SEC]: Securities and Exchange Commission
*[RTC]: Regional Trial Court
*[Crim.]: Criminal
*[ BBC ]: British Broadcasting Corporation
*[Barangay]: Total number of barangays
*[(DK)]: Denmark
*[(NO)]: Norway
*[(GB)]: United Kingdom
*[(IL)]: Israel
*[(FI)]: Finland
*[(HU)]: Hungary
*[(AU)]: Australia
*[(US)]: United States
*[(CA)]: Canada
*[(MU)]: Mauritius
*[(BB)]: Barbados
*[(KR)]: South Korea
*[(PK)]: Pakistan
*[(MR)]: Mauritania
|
spiderum_text/5226 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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Send feedback
# Firebase JavaScript SDK Release Notes
Stay organized with collections Save and categorize content based on your
preferences.
To review release notes for the Firebase console and for other Firebase
platforms and related SDKs, refer to the Firebase Release Notes.
## Version 9.17.1 - February 3, 2023
* Moved `exports.default` fields to always be the last field. This fixes a bug introduced in 9.17.0 that prevented some bundlers and frameworks from building. For these build failures, the error text is: "Default condition should be last one".
## Version 9.17.0 - February 2, 2023
Caution: Version 9.17.0 contains a bug causing errors in build tools that use
the `exports` field in `package.json`. If you are seeing an error with the
text "Default condition should be last one", upgrade to version 9.17.1 or
later.
* Added browser CJS entry points (expected by Jest when using JSDOM mode). See Github PR #6981.
### Authentication
* Exposed `TOKEN_EXPIRED` error when multi-factor authentication (MFA) unenroll logs out the user. See Github PR #6973.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed issue where hostname set by `connectDatabaseEmulator` was being overridden by longpolling response. See Github issue #4603.
### Cloud Firestore
* Reduced memory usage by applying query check sooner in remote document cache. See Github PR #6989.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed issue where users were unable to check if an error was an instance of `StorageError`. See Github issue #6944.
## Version 9.16.0 - January 19, 2023
* Allow users to specify their environment as `node` or `browser` to override Firebase's runtime environment detection and force the SDK to act as if it were in the respective environment.
Example:
export __FIREBASE_DEFAULTS__='{"forceEnvironment":"browser"}'
* Reformat a comment that causes compile errors in some build toolchains. See Github issue #6838.
* Removed unused `peerDependencies` in `@firebase/auth-interop-types`. This should remove installation warnings for `firebase-admin` users. See Github PR #6940.
### Authentication
* Added a fix to minimize a potential race condition between initialization of the Authentication SDK and `signInWithRedirect`. See Github issue #6827.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue where `connectDatabaseToEmulator` was sometimes called twice during a hot reload See Github issue #6853.
### Cloud Firestore
* Updated internal logic behind `AND` and `OR` queries to ensure consistency with older implicit `AND` queries. See Github PR #6896.
* Fixed an issue that stops some performance optimization being applied. See Github PR #6893.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed an issue where `pause` throws an error when a request is in flight. See Github issue #6935.
## Version 9.15.0 - December 8, 2022
* Upgraded TypeScript in each individual package to 4.7.4. The earlier update in version 9.13.0 upgraded TypeScript only in the root.
* Fixed a bug that caused Firebase SDKs to throw an error in Firefox browsers when third-party cookies are blocked. See Github issue #6801.
* Updated `firebase/[product]` entry point bundles to conform to Node.js ES module specifications.
### Realtime Database
* Added support for `startAfter` and `endBefore` query params to the REST API and wire protocol. This change does not affect the existing public API. See Github PR #6706.
### Cloud Firestore
* Functions in the Firestore package that return `QueryConstraints` (for example: `where(...)`, `limit(...)`, and `orderBy(...)`) now return a more specific type, which extends `QueryConstraint`. See Github PR #6694.
## Version 9.14.0 - November 10, 2022
### Cloud Messaging
* Exposed `icon` field for the `notification` payload. See Github PR #6728.
### App Check
* Corrected the clearing of the App Check exchange promise after a request succeeds. See Github issue #6734.
### Cloud Firestore
* Updated "missing index" error message to include the link to create the composite index. See Github issue #6613.
* Updated `transaction.set()` failure to now retry on `already-exists` error. See Github PR #6729.
### Performance Monitoring
* Expanded check in `getServiceWorkerStatus` to account for a `navigator` that has a key of `serviceWorker` with a falsy value. See Github PR #6723.
## Version 9.13.0 - October 27, 2022
* Upgraded TypeScript to 4.7.4. See Github PR #6682.
### Cloud Messaging
* Exposed `icon` field for the `notification` payload. See Github PR #6722.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed issue where clients using Node.js v18 would use the native `Blob` object, which is incompatible with `node-fetch`. See Github PR #6705.
## Version 9.12.1 - October 12, 2022
* Added error catching for when the SDK checks `__FIREBASE_DEFAULTS__` in order to not block other app functionality on error. See Github issue #6677.
### Analytics
* Corrected `id` type in `setUserId`. See Github PR #6671.
### Cloud Storage
* Cleared retry timeouts when uploads are paused/canceled. See Github PR #6667.
## Version 9.12.0 - October 11, 2022
* Removed `__FIREBASE_DEFAULTS_PATH__` option, as the current implementation caused Webpack warnings. Fixed `process.env` check to be compatible with environments where `process` exists but `process.env` does not. See Github issue #6660.
* Fixed IPv6 addresses in emulator autoinit for Cloud Firestore, Realtime Database, Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK, and Cloud Storage. See Github issue #6673.
### Cloud Firestore
* Set `withCredentials=true` when making requests via non-streaming RPCs, as is done for streaming RPCs. See Github PR #6643.
* Fixed Firestore failing to raise initial snapshot from empty local cache result. See Github issue #5873.
### Analytics
* Updated Analytics to allow for multiple instances of `gtag` with different data layer names. See Github PR #6655.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed `endBefore` and `push` documentation typos in Realtime Database documentation. See Github PR #6583.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed bug where upload status wasn't being checked after an upload failure. Implemented exponential backoff and max retry strategy. See Github PR #6653.
## Version 9.11.0 - October 06, 2022
* Added functionality to auto-initialize project config and emulator settings from global defaults. This allows the SDK to work with the upcoming framework-aware Firebase tools (currently an experimental release).
### App Check
* Fixed timer issues in the App Check SDK that caused the token to fail to refresh after it had expired, or had caused rapid repeated requests while attempting to do so. See Github issue #6373.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added `getCountFromServer()` (`getCount()` in the Lite SDK), which fetches the number of documents in the result set without actually downloading the documents.
* Fixed a time travel issue across multiple tabs. See Github issue #6511.
## Version 9.10.0 - September 15, 2022
### Authentication
* Updated custom claim type of `ParsedToken` to be `any`. This more accurately reflects that a JWT may contain any valid JSON object. See Github issue #6553.
### Cloud Firestore
* Enabled `encodeInitMessageHeaders` to transition the Firestore client from encoding HTTP Headers via the `httpHeadersOverwriteParam` to the request's `POST` payload. Note, this requires Cloud Firestore Emulator v1.14.4 or newer. See Github PR #6107.
## Version 9.9.4 - September 1, 2022
### Authentication
* Fixed proactive refresh logic in Authentication when Realtime Database, Cloud Firestore, or Cloud Storage are in use. See Github PR #6544.
### Realtime Database
* Added experimental support for Deno. See Github PR #6560.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a bug that threw a `FAILED_PRECONDITION` error when writing to a deleted document in a transaction. See Github issue #6550.
## Version 9.9.3 - August 18, 2022
* Removed all references to `@firebase/polyfill`. See Github issue #6503.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed issue where `get()` would return incorrect results when using a filtered `get()` and an `onValue()` event listener on the same path. See Github PR #6497.
* Fixed faulty transaction issue causing filtered index queries to override default queries. See Github PR #6508.
* Reverted the type of `action` parameter for `DataSnapshot.forEach()`. See Github issue #6368.
## Version 9.9.2 - August 04, 2022
* Prevent the SDK from throwing errors if it is unable to log platform data due to an IndexedDB error. It will log a warning instead. See Github PR #6480.
### Realtime Database
* Updated the type of the `action` parameter for `DataSnapshot.forEach()`. See Github issue #6368.
### Cloud Firestore
* Introduce client-side indexing with beta API `setIndexConfiguration()`. See Github PR #6496.
## Version 9.9.1 - July 22, 2022
### App Check
* Fixed throttling for App Check to prevent unnecessary requests to the backend. See Github issue #6373.
### Cloud Firestore
* Updated `@grpc/proto-loader` dependency to address `protobufjs` security issue. See Github issue #6438.
### Testing SDK
* Updated `firebase-admin` and `firebase-functions` dependencies to address `protobufjs` security issue.
## Version 9.9.0 - July 07, 2022
* Added the missing CDN build and entry point for Firebase installations.
### Analytics
* Added function `setConsent()` to set the applicable end user "consent" state.
* Added function `setDefaultEventParameters()` to set data that is logged on every Analytics event.
### Authentication
* Fixed a bug that caused ReCAPTCHA conflicts between Authentication and App Check when using ReCAPTCHA Enterprise in App Check. See Github issue #6133.
* Updated user agent detection to better detect iPad. This fixes a bug affecting some iPad devices running Cordova apps. See Github issue #6331.
### Realtime Database
* Forced `get()` to wait to resolve until the SDK is connected to the Realtime Database backend. See Github issue #6036.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed Node.js ESM `exports` paths for `firestore/lite`. See Github issue #6414.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Updated `FunctionsErrorCode` type to include "functions/" prefix. See Github issue #6281.
## Version 9.8.4 - June 23, 2022
### Analytics
* Fixed typo in `GtagConfigParams`. See Github issue #6349.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed issue where `get()` saved results incorrectly for non-default queries. See Github PR #6273.
## Version 9.8.3 - June 09, 2022
* Added `types` fields to `exports` object in `package.json` files for all published packages to make them compatible with TypeScript 4.7 support of Node.js ES modules. See Github issue #6300.
* Fixed some incorrect `package.json` paths to entry points in Authentication and Cloud Firestore.
### Realtime Database
* Removed `@firebase/app-compat` as a `peerDependency` of `@firebase/database-compat`, which should not impact JS SDK users, but will prevent `firebase-admin` users from seeing a warning during npm installation.
### Cloud Messaging
* Fixed a bug where the `fcmOptions` field was missing from `onMessage()` and `onBackgroundMessage()` payloads. See Github issue #6207.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed the Node.js ESM bundle to build from the Node.js entry point (it was incorrectly using the browser entry point). See Github issue #6343.
## Version 9.8.2 - May 27, 2022
### Authentication
* Added missing `identities` field to `firebase` claim in the typings for the ID token result. See Github issue #6218.
* Updated the SDK to recognize Capacitor apps by detecting the `capacitor:` protocol. See Github issue #5020.
* Fixed a bug where `error.email` and other fields were not populated in the Google Sign-In error flow if the user had been disabled using the Firebase Console.
## Version 9.8.1 - May 09, 2022
### Authentication
* Fixed some typings issues that caused compile errors for TypeScript users. See Github issue #6246.
## Version 9.8.0 - May 06, 2022
* As of this version, Internet Explorer 11 is no longer officially supported by the Firebase JavaScript SDK.
* Restored `idb` dependency and increased to the latest version, which supports ESM. This affects Analytics, App Check, Cloud Messaging, Performance Monitoring, and Remote Config. See Github issue #6154.
### Authentication
* Added a `beforeAuthStateChanged()` middleware function which allows you to provide callbacks that are run before an auth state change sets a new user.
### Realtime Database
* Added `forceWebSockets()` and `forceLongPolling()` methods.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a `TransactionOptions` param to the `runTransaction()` method.
## Version 9.7.0 - April 28, 2022
### App Check
* Updated App Check to use `v1` exchange endpoint instead of `v1beta` endpoint for both reCAPTCHA v3 and reCAPTCHA Enterprise.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Added `httpsCallableFromURL()`, which calls a callable function using its URL.
## Version 9.6.11 - April 14, 2022
* Set default IndexedDB transaction mode to `readonly` for IE11 compatibility.
### Realtime Database
* Fixes an issue where if a websocket protocol was used in the `databaseURL`, the `webSocketOnly` field was incorrectly set to undefined. (When using `wss` or `ws` protocols in the `databaseURL`, `webSocketOnly` is true and long polling is disabled). See Github PR #6126.
* Updated compat typings for `Reference` methods. See Github issue #6071.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixes an issue during multi-document lookup that resulted in the IndexedDB error "The parameter is less than or equal to this cursor's". See Github issue #6110.
## Version 9.6.10 - March 24, 2022
* Removed unneeded typings from the internal package `@firebase/util`. These typings caused errors in some projects using both Node.js and TypeScript.
### App Check
* Fixed a bug where `@firebase/app-check-types` was not included as a dependency of `@firebase/app-check-compat`. This could potentially affect TypeScript compilation for users of the `app-check-compat` package.
### Cloud Firestore
* Changed the format of some of the IndexedDB data stored by the Cloud Firestore SDK. This increases the performance of document lookups after an initial migration. If you do not want to migrate data, you can call `clearIndexedDbPersistence()` before invoking `enableIndexedDbPersistence()`.
## Version 9.6.9 - March 17, 2022
* Replaced `idb` dependency with in-house code to fix errors that occur when Node.js or SSR apps target ESM. This includes apps using Angular 13.1+. This fix affects Analytics, App Check, Cloud Messaging, Performance Monitoring, and Remote Config. See Github issue #6042.
## Version 9.6.8 - March 4, 2022
### Cloud Messaging
* Fixed a bug in `onBackgroundMessage()` that caused notifications to display twice. See Github issue #5516.
## Version 9.6.7 - February 17, 2022
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a bug that caused Cloud Firestore streams to get restarted with the same App Check token.
* On browsers that support IndexedDB v3, we now invoke `transaction.commit()` and `IndexedDB.getAll()` to speed up data processing.
* Cloud Firestore queries are now sent to the backend before the SDK starts local processing, which reduces overall `Query` latency.
## Version 9.6.6 - February 3, 2022
### Authentication
* Fixed a bug where the `user.providerData` field was being improperly initialized. See firebaseui-web Github issue #917.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added to the version 9 upgrade guide important details about a potential breaking change in which the property `DocumentSnapshot.exists` has been changed from a property to a method. If your version 8-based app uses the `exists` property, you must refactor your code as part of the upgrade to version 9.
### Cloud Messaging
* Fixed an uncaught rejection in `isSupported()` when the environment does not support IndexedDB's `open()` method. See Github issue #5868.
## Version 8.10.1 - January 28, 2022
Note: This is an emergency security update for any users who are still on
version 8 of the SDK and are unable to migrate to v9. The v8 SDK is updated
only for emergency security fixes, and does not benefit from any other bug
fixes or new features. The latest version of the Firebase JS SDK is still
9.6.5 (see below).
* Updated `node-fetch` dependency due to a security issue (CVE-2022-0235).
## Version 9.6.5 - January 27, 2022
* Updated `node-fetch` dependency due to a security issue (CVE-2022-0235).
### Authentication
* Fixed errors in `auth-compat` when cookies are fully disabled in Chrome. See Github issue #5913.
* Added missing `PhoneMultiFactorInfo` public interface. See Github issue #5922.
* The SDK no longer causes React Native to log a warning about deprecation of `AsyncStorage` if the developer has provided the non-deprecated version. See Github issue #1847.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an App Check issue that caused Cloud Firestore listeners to stop working and receive a "Permission Denied" error. This issue only affected App Check developers that set their expiration time to under an hour. See Github issue #5842.
## Version 9.6.4 - January 20, 2022
### Authentication
* Fixed the error code thrown when the network times out. See Github issue #5874.
* Added `./cordova` and `./react-native` paths to the `exports` field in `package.json`. See Github issue #5878.
### Cloud Messaging
* Changed `exports` paths to always point to `.cjs` bundles when in a Node.js context, since the Cloud Messaging SDK is currently unable to provide ESM bundles for Node.js. See Github issue #5839.
## Version 9.6.3 - January 13, 2022
### Cloud Firestore
* The Node.js SDK now bundles its internal `.proto` files into the code instead of reading them from the filesystem at runtime. This prevents errors like `no such file or directory` in certain types of deployments. See Github issue #5823.
### Cloud Messaging
* Fixed a bug where the `fcmMessageId` field in the message payload was incorrectly defined as `fcm_message_id`.
* Add a CJS bundle for `messaging/sw`. This enables some SSR frameworks to run their Node.js pipelines without erroring. See Github issue #5854.
## Version 9.6.2 - January 7, 2022
### Authentication
* Fix persistence selection in compatibility layer in worker scripts. See Github issue #5791.
### Cloud Firestore
* `FirestoreError` now extends `FirebaseError`. See Github issue #5754.
* Fixed an issue that caused incomplete `Query` snapshots when the SDK is backgrounded during query execution.
### Cloud Storage
* `StorageError` now extends `FirebaseError`. See Github issue #5754.
## Version 9.6.1 - December 9, 2021
### Authentication
* Fixed errors that occurred during initialization of the Authentication SDK when the network is unavailable. See Github issue #5720.
### Cloud Firestore
* Hardcoded the version of grpc-js sent to logs as a temporary fix for `createRequire` issues in the Node.js CJS bundle.
## Version 9.6.0 - December 2, 2021
### Cloud Firestore
* Added support for App Check.
## Version 9.5.0 - November 18, 2021
### Cloud Storage
* Added `getBytes()`, `getStream()` and `getBlob()`, which allow direct file downloads from the SDK. `getStream()` is only available for Node.js and `getBlob()` is only available for browser-like environments.
### App Check
* Reduced the latency of the first `getToken()` call by proactively retrieving a token when App Check is initialized.
* App Check now throttles requests after some error codes to prevent overwhelming the endpoint.
### Cloud Firestore
* The SDK no longer accesses `IndexedDB` during a page unload event on Safari 15. This aims to reduce the occurrence of an `IndexedDB` bug in Safari (https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=226547). See Github issue #5716.
* Updated the Node.js build to work better with Jest. See Github issue #5687.
## Version 9.4.1 - November 11, 2021
### Authentication
* Added `getReactNativePersistence()` as an export from the React Native bundle. See Github issue #1847.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Clear pending timeout after `Promise.race()`. It allows the process to exit immediately in case the SDK is used in Node.js. Otherwise the process waits for the timeout to finish before exiting. See Github issue #5692.
### Cloud Storage
* Clear the global timeout once an operation is done in the Cloud Storage SDK. Otherwise the pending timeout may prevent Node.js from exiting. See Github issue #5628.
## Version 9.4.0 - November 08, 2021
### Realtime Database
* Fixed a packaging issue that broke the Firebase Admin Node.js SDK. see Github issue #1487.
### Cloud Firestore
* Expanded `Firestore.WithFieldValue<T>` to include `T`. This allows developers to delegate `WithFieldValue<T>` inside wrappers of type `T` to avoid exposing Firebase types beyond Firebase-specific logic. see Github issue #5661.
## Version 9.3.0 - November 04, 2021
* Added ESM entry point for Node.js and added `exports` field support to all packages.
### App Check
* Added ReCAPTCHA Enterprise as an attestation option.
### Authentication
* Added the missing `SAMLAuthProvider` to the compatibility layer.
* Fixed bug that caused `onAuthStateChanged` to be fired twice. See Github issue #5685.
## Version 9.2.0 - October 28, 2021
* Added an empty typings file to the `firebase` package to fix autocomplete problems in some IDEs. See Github issue #5649.
### Authentication
* Fixed behavior on subsequent calls to `getRedirectResult()`. See Github issue #5610.
* Fixed the public `AuthError` typing and update the `MultiFactorError` implementation to follow the new standard (where all fields are listed under `customData`).
* Fixed an error raised in Lighthouse reports by adding the attribute `aria-hidden="true"` to the embedded iframe. See Github issue #5631.
* The SDK now exports phone sign-in functionality in the React Native entry point (except for `RecaptchaVerifier`).
* Made the SDK resilient against `localStorage` and `sessionStorage` permissions errors. See Github issue #5618.
* Fixed compatibility layer (`auth-compat`) errors that were being thrown in Safari. See Github issue #5644.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed `exports` fields to also point to ESM builds for Node.js. This change requires Node.js version 10+. See Github issue #5499.
* Added missing compat conversion for `runTransaction`. See Github issue #5627.
* Changed the networking API to use XHR instead of `fetch()` for React Native. See Github issue #1674.
## Version 9.1.3 - October 14, 2021
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed a bug causing an unhandled promise rejection in Node.js when the Cloud Storage client encounters a network error. See Github issue #5372.
## Version 9.1.2 - October 07, 2021
### App Check
* Fixed incorrect typings. See GitHub issue #5569.
* Updated `@firebase/app-check-compat` to correctly export and handle `ReCaptchaV3Provider` and `CustomProvider` classes.
### Authentication
* Calls to `connectAuthEmulator` with the `disableWarnings` flag set to true will no longer cause a `console.info` warning to be printed.
* Fixed a bug in the `OAuthProvider.prototype.credential` method that was preventing the `rawNonce` field from being populated in the returned `OAuthCredential`. See GitHub issue #5553.
* Fixed a bug where `user.tenantId` wasn't being carried over in the `updateCurrentUser` function.
* Fixed an issue in `@firebase/auth-compat` where the SDK tried to access fields from a `undefined` variable.
## Version 9.1.1 - September 30, 2021
### Authentication
* Fixed a bug on iOS causing incorrectly formatted links to be sent in emails. See GitHub issue #5541.
## Version 9.1.0 - September 24, 2021
### Authentication
* All browser persistence implementations such as `indexedDBLocalPersistence` are mapped to `inMemoryPersistence` in Node.js to allow isomorphic code that works well with use cases like server-side rendering.
* `emailVerified` field is now set in the `User` correctly. See GitHub issue #5430.
* Added missing phone `FACTOR_ID` static property to the `PhoneMultiFactorGenerator` class. See GitHub issue #5480.
* Fixed wrongly-typed `tenantId` fields in requests to some endpoints.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a bug where `UpdateData` did not recognize union types or optional, dot-separated string fields.
### Remote Config
* Added an `isSupported()` function. You can use this function to check if the current environment supports Remote Config, and only initialize Remote Config in supported environments.
### Analytics
* Fixed an issue where `isSupported()` throws unexpected errors in certain environments.
### App Check
* Initialization no longer throws runtime errors in Node.js.
* Debug mode check is delayed till `initializeAppCheck()` is called.
### Cloud Messaging
* Fixed an issue where `isSupported()` throws unexpected errors in certain environments.
### Performance Monitoring
* Fixed an issue where `isSupported()` throws unexpected errors in certain environments.
### Testing SDK
* Fixed typing issues where `Database`/`Firestore`/`Storage` compat instances returned by `RulesTestContext` are not compatible with v9 modular APIs.
* Set `RTDB` namespace to be same as `projectId` by default instead of `${projectId}-default-rtdb`. This fixes rules not being applied and other issues related to namespace mismatch.
## Version 9.0.2 - September 9, 2021
### Authentication
* Fixed a bug where custom errors from blocking functions were being dropped. See GitHub issue #5386.
* Removed `const enum`s from the public typings file.
### Cloud Firestore
* Improved the error handling when the SDK encounters a failure opening IndexedDB in a Firefox private browsing session. See GitHub issue #5377.
* Fixed a deadlock during asynchronous initialization of both Cloud Firestore and Authentication. See GitHub issue #5402.
* Fixed the behavior of `collection()` when passed multiple path segment strings. See GitHub issue #5431.
* Added a temporary workaround for a bug causing `initializeFirestore()` to throw errors when used in certain build pipelines, such as the default production build for Create React App. See GitHub issue #5384.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* The SDK now omits sending an App Check token header to the Cloud Functions endpoint if there is no valid App Check token to send.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed a bug that incorrectly threw an error when using `refFromUrl()` with `connectStorageEmulator()`. See Github issue #3715 in firebase-tools.
## Version 9.0.1 - August 30, 2021
* Fixed `.cjs` builds that caused errors in Node.js use cases, such as using SSR in AngularFire. See GitHub PR #5400.
* Fixed a typing issue in `@firebase/app-compat`. See GitHub issue #5382.
* Fixed incorrect import of `node-fetch` polyfill that caused uncaught exceptions when using Cloud Storage and the `firestore/lite` package from Cloud Firestore.
### Authentication
* Fixed a typing issue caused by a missing constructor for `OAuthProvider`.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added export fields to make `firestore/lite` available in Node.js. See GitHub PR #5400.
* Fixed incorrect import of `node-fetch` polyfill that caused uncaught exceptions when using `firestore/lite`.
## Version 9.0.0 - August 25, 2021
* This release introduces the new modular API, which enables tree-shaking, bundle size reduction, and other benefits. See SDK versions 8 and 9 for more details. Users of version 8 will need to update their code in order for it to still work with version 9.0.0 and higher. We have provided a compat package to make this migration easier. See the upgrade guide for instructions for upgrading from version 8 or the setup guide for instructions for getting started from scratch with version 9+.
### Cloud Messaging
* FCM now provides delivery data export to BigQuery as an Alpha feature. See Enable message delivery data export.
### Cloud Firestore
* This release introduces Firestore Lite, a lightweight, standalone REST-only Firestore SDK that supports single document fetches, query execution, and document updates, at a fraction of the regular Web SDK size. See Cloud Firestore Lite Web SDK.
## Version 8.10.0 - August 19, 2021
* Added or updated the `mockUserToken` option provided to the `useEmulator()` functions in Realtime Database, Cloud Firestore, and Cloud Storage. The details for each product are below.
### Realtime Database
* Allow `useEmulator()` to also accept a string for its `mockUserToken` option.
### Cloud Firestore
* Allow `useEmulator()` to also accept a string for its `mockUserToken` option.
### Cloud Storage
* Add an options object containing `mockUserToken` as a param for `useEmulator()`.
* Changed `ref()` so it does not throw if given a path string that contains `..`.
### Cloud Messaging
* Exposed the `messageId` property on `MessagePayload`.
### Testing SDK
* Fixed JWT encoding bug that broke interoperability with the Cloud Storage emulator.
## Version 8.9.1 - August 10, 2021
### App Check
* Fixed typings on params passed to `activate()`.
## Version 8.9.0 - August 5, 2021
### Analytics
* Fixed formatting of documentation comments and updated some event typings to correctly match Google Analytics 4 specs.
### App Check
* Add `RecaptchaV3Provider` and `CustomProvider` classes that can be supplied as params to `firebase.appCheck().activate()`.
### Cloud Storage
* Added a browser CJS build as `./dist/index.browser.cjs.js`. This change was primarily to prevent breaking the Emulator UI.
## Version 8.8.1 - July 29, 2021
* Added a missing dependency in the `@firebase/app-types` package.
## Version 8.8.0 - July 22, 2021
### Analytics
* Added `firebase_screen` and `firebase_screen_class` to `logEvent()` overload for `screen_view` events. These fields are required to log `screen_view` events correctly to Analytics.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed sending of Authentication tokens in Node.js. This bug affected Admin SDK users who have App Check enforced.
### Cloud Firestore
* The SDK no longer accesses IndexedDB during a page unload event on Safari 14. This aims to reduce the occurrence of an IndexedDB bug in Safari (https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=226547). See GitHub issue #4076.
* Fixed an issue that prevented `Date` objects from being used via `update()` when connected to the Cloud Firestore emulator.
### Cloud Storage
* Added Node.js support to Cloud Storage for Firebase. This release changes the `main` field in `package.json` to point to a Node-specific build. If you are building a bundle for browser usage, make sure that your bundler uses the `browser` field (this is usually the default).
## Version 8.7.1 - July 8, 2021
### Realtime Database
* In Node.js, always send Authentication and App Check tokens when they are available.
## Version 8.7.0 - July 1, 2021
### App Check
* Added a `getToken()` method that returns an App Check token asynchronously.
* Added an `onTokenChanged()` method that adds listeners to App Check token changes.
* Fixed an error causing `HTTP status 429` errors in debug mode. See GitHub issue #5052.
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where Cloud Firestore didn't detect Authentication, which led to permission denied errors. See GitHub issue #4932.
## Version 8.6.8 - June 17, 2021
### Authentication
* Fixed a bug where `linkWithPopup`, `linkWithRedirect`, `reauthenticateWithPopup`, and `reauthenticateWithRedirect` weren't correctly picking up the emulator configuration. See GitHub issue #4879.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a bug that caused `Uncaught TypeError: e.auth.addAuthTokenListener is not a function`. See GitHub issue #5018.
## Version 8.6.7 - June 10, 2021
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression that prevented Cloud Firestore from detecting the Authentication service during initialization, which prevented some writes from being sent.
## Version 8.6.5 - June 4, 2021
* Fixed an error where `firebase.SDK_VERSION` did not always contain the correct version number.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where `FetchXmlHttpFactory` was not available.
## Version 8.6.4 - June 3, 2021
Caution: Version 8.6.4 contains an issue that causes crashes in Cloud
Firestore. If you use Cloud Firestore, upgrade to version 8.6.5 or later.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* JavaScript `Date` objects are now serialized to an ISO string instead of an empty object.
## Version 8.6.3 - May 27, 2021
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an `"index not defined"` error that sometimes occurred during a `get()` call on an `orderByChild` query.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a warning message when `settings()` is used to override the original value of `host` without also setting `{merge: true}`.
## Version 8.6.2 - May 20, 2021
### Cloud Firestore
* Use `pagehide` event for page termination by default, instead of `unload`. See docs on `pagehide` vs `unload`.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Fixed a bug in `httpsCallable()` when it is used in the same project as Cloud Messaging. See GitHub issue #4909.
### Testing SDK
* Prevent `useEmulators()` from erroring when only the `storage` field is populated in the options parameter.
## Version 8.6.1 - May 12, 2021
* Fixed a bug that caused crashes in Cloud Storage, Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK, and Realtime Database when using the all-in-one `firebase` import, as in `import firebase from 'firebase'`.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue that could cause `once()` to fire more than once if the value was modified inside its callback.
## Version 8.6.0 - May 11, 2021
Caution: Version 8.6.0 contains an issue that causes crashes in Cloud Storage,
Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK, and Realtime Database when using the
all-in-one `firebase` import. If you use these products, upgrade to version
8.6.1 or later.
### App Check
* Published the App Check package.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed typings for `useEmulator`.
### Testing SDK
* Added support for Cloud Storage emulator.
## Version 8.5.0 - May 5, 2021
### Realtime Database
* `useEmulator` now accepts an optional `mockUserToken`.
### Cloud Firestore
* `useEmulator` now accepts an optional `mockUserToken`.
## Version 8.4.3 - April 29, 2021
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue that prevented the SDK from firing cancel events for Firebase Security Rules violations. See GitHub issue #4818.
* Fixes a regression introduced in version 8.4.1 that broke `useEmulator()`. See GitHub issue #4811.
## Version 8.4.2 - April 23, 2021
* Fixed outdated `peerDependencies`.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where errors from `grpc` are thrown directly to user code. Now they are wrapped in `FirestoreError`.
* Fixed an issue where an empty `X-Firebase-GMPID` header is sent in the request when `appId` is not available. See GitHub issue #4795.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed the infinite recursion caused by the `FirebaseStorageError` message getter.
## Version 8.4.1 - April 13, 2021
### Realtime Database
* Fixed a build issue that caused SDK breakage.
## Version 8.4.0 - April 12, 2021
### Cloud Storage
* Added a `storage().useEmulator()` method to enable emulator mode for storage. This allows you to set a storage emulator host and port.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a bug where decimal inputs to `Timestamp.fromMillis()` were calculated incorrectly due to floating point precision loss.
## Version 8.3.3 - April 08, 2021
* This update only includes internal refactoring.
## Version 8.3.2 - March 31, 2021
* This update includes internal refactoring.
## Version 8.3.1 - March 18, 2021
* Fixed a bug caused by an outdated version of the `tslib` dependency. See GitHub issue #4633.
## Version 8.3.0 - March 10, 2021
### Cloud Firestore
* Added support to remove the `FirestoreDataConverter` on a `Firestore` reference by calling `withConverter(null)`
## Version 8.2.10 - March 4, 2021
### Analytics
* Fixed typings for `analytics().logEvent()` so that the `eventParams` argument is correctly typed as optional.
## Version 8.2.9 - February 19, 2021
* API update for an internal package. There is no change in the public API.
## Version 8.2.8 - February 18, 2021
### Analytics
* Fixed a behavior causing `gtag.js` to be downloaded twice on Firebase Analytics initialization. See GitHub issue #2628.
## Version 8.2.7 - February 11, 2021
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue with `Query.get()` where `Query` filters were not applied to data in some cases.
* Added the missing type definitions for `startAfter()` and `endBefore()`.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a bug where local cache inconsistencies were unnecessarily being resolved.
* Fixed the path to the react native memory-only build.
## Version 8.2.6 - February 04, 2021
### Authentication
* Fixed a bug where UTF-8 encoded strings were not decoded in `getIdTokenResult`. See GitHub issue #4174.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue with `startAfter`/`endBefore` when used in `orderByKey` queries.
### Cloud Firestore
* Correctly handle `ignoreUndefinedProperties` in `set({ merge: true })`. Previously this would behave as if the undefined value were `FieldValue.delete()`, which wasn't intended.
## Version 8.2.5 - January 28, 2021
### Realtime Database
* When issued for queries that are being listened to, `get()` calls no longer send backend requests.
### Cloud Firestore
* Classes like `DocumentReference` and `Query` can now be serialized to JSON. See GitHub issue #4258.
## Version 8.2.4 - January 21, 2021
### Realtime Database
* Added `startAfter` and `endBefore` filters for paginating Realtime Database queries.
### Authentication
* Added the `useEmulator()` function and `emulatorConfig` to the `firebase` package externs.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an error that caused `FirestoreDataConverter.fromFirestore()` to be called with an incorrect `QueryDocumentSnapshot` object. See GitHub issue #4278
## Version 8.2.3 - January 14, 2021
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue that caused `refFromUrl()` to reject production database URLs when `useEmulator()` was used.
## Version 8.2.2 - January 7, 2021
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue with multiple database instances when using the Realtime Database emulator. See GitHub issue #3681
### Cloud Firestore
* Updated an outdated error message to include `!=` and `not-in` as inequality operators. See GitHub issue #4253
* Fixed an issue in the Transaction API that caused the SDK to return invalid `DocumentReference` objects through `DocumentSnapshot.data()` calls. See GitHub issue #4226
## Version 8.2.1 - December 17, 2020
### Authentication
* Updated auth token logic to rely on device clock time instead of server time. This fixes an issue seen when a device's clock is skewed by a lot: see GitHub issue #3222
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue that prevented the SDK from automatically retrieving custom claims for a `User`. See GitHub issue #4175
## Version 8.2.0 - December 11, 2020
### Authentication
* Added an option to hide the banner in Auth when using the emulator.
### Cloud Firestore
* Released Firestore Bundles (pre-packaged Firestore data). For NPM users, this can be enabled via an additional import: `firebase/firestore/bundle`. For CDN usage, it is enabled by default.
* A write to a document that contains `FieldValue` transforms is no longer split up into two separate operations. This reduces the number of writes the backend performs and allows each `WriteBatch` to hold 500 writes regardless of how many `FieldValue` transformations are attached.
### Performance Monitoring
* Changed to dispatch no more than 1000 collected performance events for each network request. Events over the cap will be queued and sent with the next dispatch.
## Version 8.1.2 - December 3, 2020
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue with IndexedDB retry logic causing uncaught errors.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a bug that prevented usage of `FieldPath` objects with multiple special characters.
* Fixes an issue that returned invalid `DocumentReference` instances from `QuerySnapshot` objects. See GitHub issue #4125
### Testing SDK
* Fixed `assertFails` not recognizing `permission-denied` errors from Realtime Database.
## Version 8.1.1 - November 19, 2020
### Realtime Database
* Added the missing type definition for `Query.get()`.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue that prevented `experimentalAutoDetectLongPolling` from working correctly.
## Version 8.1.0 - November 19, 2020
### Realtime Database
* We have identified an issue in the newly added `Query.get()` API. This causes data to be returned which doesn't match the Query filters. We are working on providing a fix.
* Added a database query `get` method that returns server results when connected.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression introduced in v8.0.2 that returned invalid values for `DocumentChange.newIndex`. See GitHub issue #4071
## Version 8.0.2 - November 12, 2020
### Authentication
* The SDK now retries IndexedDB errors a fixed number of times to handle connection issues in mobile WebKit. Fixes GitHub issue #1926.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue that caused `DocumentReference` objects in `DocumentSnapshot` instances to be returned with the custom converter of the original `DocumentReference`.
## Version 8.0.1 - November 5, 2020
### Cloud Messaging
* Fixed an issue where a silent-push warning was displayed along with the message shown by `ServiceWorkerRegistration.showNotification`. Added a timeout for the `onBackgroundMessage` hook so that silent-push warnings won't show if `ServiceWorkerRegistration.showNotification` is called inside the hook within 1 second. See GitHub issue #3725.
### Testing SDK
* Added a `withFunctionTriggersDisabled` method which runs a user-provided setup function with emulated Cloud Functions triggers disabled. This can be used to import data into the Realtime Database or Cloud Firestore emulators without triggering locally emulated functions. This method only works with Firebase CLI version 8.13.0 or higher.
## Version 8.0.0 - October 26, 2020
* Breaking change: `browser` fields in package.json files now point to ESM bundles instead of CJS bundles. Users who are using ESM imports must now use the default import instead of a namespace import.
Before 8.0.0
import * as firebase from 'firebase/app'
After 8.0.0
import firebase from 'firebase/app'
Code that uses `require('firebase/app')` or `require('firebase')` will still
work, but in order to get proper typings (for code completion, for example)
users should change these `require` calls to `require('firebase/app').default`
or `require('firebase').default`. This is because the SDK now uses typings for
the ESM bundle, and the different bundles share one typings file.
### Cloud Firestore
* Removed the undocumented `Firestore.logLevel` property.
* Breaking change: Removed deprecated `experimentalTabSynchronization` settings. To enable multi-tab synchronization, use `synchronizeTabs` instead.
* This release removes runtime type validations that are covered by TypeScript. Developers can use our TypeScript types to validate API usage.
* Breaking change: Removed the `timestampsInSnapshots` option from `FirestoreSettings`. Now, Cloud Firestore always returns `Timestamp` values for all timestamp values.
* Added a `useEmulator(host, port)` method to Cloud Firestore.
* Removed excess validation of null and NaN values in query filters. This more closely aligns the SDK with the Cloud Firestore backend, which has always accepted null and NaN for all operators.
### Cloud Storage
* This release removes runtime type validations that are covered by TypeScript. Developers can use our TypeScript types to validate API usage.
### Realtime Database
* Added a `useEmulator(host, port)` method to Realtime Database.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Added a `useEmulator(host, port)` method to the Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK.
## Version 7.24.0 - October 15, 2020
### Authentication
* Added the ability to configure the SDK to communicate with the Firebase Emulator.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a new `experimentalAutoDetectLongPolling` to `FirestoreSettings`. When enabled, the SDK's underlying transport layer automatically detects if long-polling should be used. This is very similar to `experimentalForceLongPolling`, but only uses long-polling if required.
* Fixed a potential issue in our internal queue that could have allowed API calls to be executed out of order.
### Testing SDK
* Changed to not delete the `uid` property from user auth object in `initializeTestApp()`. See GitHub issue #3920.
* Fixed the typing for custom claims.
## Version 7.23.0 - October 8, 2020
### Analytics
* The SDK now warns instead of throwing an error if it detects a browser environment where Analytics does not work.
### Cloud Firestore
* The SDK now includes more information in the error message for failed IndexedDB transactions.
### Performance Monitoring
* Moved the `loggingEnabled` check to wait until performance initialization finishes, which prevents the SDK from dropping custom traces right after getting the `performance` object.
* Throws an exception when `startTime` or `duration` is not a positive value in the `trace.record()` API.
### Testing SDK
* Added stronger types to the `options.auth` option for `initializeTestApp()`.
## Version 7.22.1 - October 5, 2020
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Fixed a bug introduced in 7.21.1 that causes callable functions to throw an error in some environments.
## Version 7.22.0 - October 1, 2020
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Users can now set a custom domain for callable functions.
## Version 7.21.1 - September 24, 2020
Caution: Versions 7.21.1 and 7.22.0 contain an issue in the Cloud Functions
for Firebase Client SDK that causes callable functions to throw an error. If
you use callable functions, upgrade to version 7.22.1 or later.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue that prevented `waitForPendingWrites()` from resolving in background tabs when multi-tab is used. See GitHub issue #3816.
* Fixed a "Comparison with -0" lint warning for customers that build from source. See GitHub issue #3814.
### Authentication
* Fixed an encoding issue in the Authentication CDN script for environments that require UTF-8, for example, Chrome extensions. See GitHub issue #414.
## Version 7.21.0 - September 17, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Added `not-in` and `!=` query operators for use with `.where()`.
* `not-in` finds documents where a specified field’s value is not in a specified array.
* `!=` finds documents where a specified field's value does not equal the specified value. Neither query operator will match documents where the specified field is not present.
* The SDK now uses `FirestoreError` instead of `Error` in `onSnapshot*()` error callbacks.
* Fixed a bug where `CollectionReference.add()` called `FirestoreDataConverter.toFirestore()` twice instead of once. See GitHub issue #3742
### Realtime Database
* Fixed detection of Admin SDK context.
### Testing SDK
* Fixed a bug preventing users from testing Realtime Database with both the Admin SDK and the client JS SDK.
## Version 7.20.0 - September 10, 2020
### Analytics
* For apps using v7.20.0 and later, Firebase dynamically fetches the `measurementId` when your app initializes Analytics. Having this ID in your Firebase config object is optional, but it does serve as a fallback in the rare case that the dynamic fetch fails. Learn more about this field in the Analytics getting started page.
### Realtime Database
* The SDK can now infer a default database URL if none is provided in the config.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a bug where, if a user change happened while the network connection was disabled, the client did not raise snapshots from cache.
### Cloud Messaging
* The SDK no longer opens non-origin links, fixing a potential security issue.
## Version 7.19.1 - August 27, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Added `merge` option to `firestore.settings()`, which merges the provided settings with settings from a previous call. This addresses GitHub issue #3354.
### Testing SDK
* Fixed an issue with `assertFails()`. See GitHub issue #3671
## Version 7.19.0 - August 20, 2020
### Testing SDK
* Released `@firebase/rules-unit-testing` to replace the `@firebase/testing` package. The new package is API compatible but has the following breaking behavior changes:
* `assertFails()` now fails only on `PERMISSION DENIED` errors, not any error.
* `initializeAdminApp()` now relies on `firebase-admin` rather than imitating the Admin SDK.
### Performance Monitoring
* Adds a check to silently prevent Performance Monitoring from initializing if the required `indexedDB.open()` API is not available in the environment.
### Cloud Firestore
* `terminate()` can now be retried if it fails with an IndexedDB exception. See GitHub issue #2755.
* Enabled fallback for auto-generated identifiers in environments that support `crypto` but not `crypto.getRandomValues`. See GitHub PR #3487.
## Version 7.18.0 - August 13, 2020
### Cloud Messaging
* Added `onBackgroundMessage`, which is called regardless of whether or not a notification is displayed.
* `getToken` now accepts an options object that includes an optional vapid key and an optional service worker registration.
* Deprecated `setBackgroundMessageHandler`. Use the new API `onBackgroundMessage` instead.
* Deprecated `useVapidKey` and `useServiceWorker`. Use `getToken` to set these values instead.
* Deprecated `onTokenRefresh` which is a no-op API currently.
### Cloud Firestore
* The SDK no longer crashes with the error "The database connection is closing". Instead, the individual operations that cause this error may be rejected. Addresses GitHub issue #3495.
* Fixed a bug that caused slow retries for IndexedDB operations even when a webpage re-entered the foreground.
### Analytics
* `analytics.isSupported()` now returns `Promise<false>` for extension environments.
## Version 7.17.2 - August 6, 2020
### Realtime Database
* Added interface `Database` which is implemented by `FirebaseDatabase`. This allows consumer SDKs (such as the Firebase Admin SDK) to export Realtime Database types as an interface.
### Cloud Firestore
* Upgraded to the latest version of Google Closure Library and Compiler. Developers will not need to make any changes to their code to handle this change.
## Version 7.17.1 - July 24, 2020
### Analytics
* Added an omitted dependency update that caused Analytics to error on initialization. Addresses GitHub issue #3469.
## Version 7.17.0 - July 23, 2020
Caution: Version 7.17.0 contains an issue that prevents Analytics from
initializing. Please upgrade to version 7.17.1 or later.
### Analytics
* Added an `analytics.isSupported()` method which returns true if the current browser context supports Analytics. This can used in a conditional to prevent initialization of Analytics in environments that don't support it. This check also automatically runs when Analytics is initialized (`firebase.analytics()`) and if it finds an unsupported environment, throws an error advising developers to use `isSupported()`. Addresses GitHub issue #2393.
### Cloud Storage
* Error messages for backend errors now include the backend's response message.
## Version 7.16.1 - July 16, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* The SDK no longer crashes if an `IndexedDB` failure occurs when unsubscribing from a `Query`.
* Removed a delay that prevented Firestore from immediately reestablishing a network connection if a connectivity change occurred while the app was in the background.
### Realtime Database
* Instead of using production auth, the SDK will use test credentials to connect to the Emulator when Realtime Database is used via the Firebase Admin SDK. Fixes GitHub issue #3144.
### Cloud Storage
* Updated the TypeScript types for all APIs using `Observer`s to allow callback omission. Fixes GitHub issue #3158.
### Authentication
* Added the `browser` field in package.json.
## Version 7.16.0 - July 09, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Added support for `set()` with merge options when using `FirestoreDataConverter`.
* Re-added the React Native bundle, which allows Cloud Firestore to be used without `btoa/atob` polyfills.
* Removed internal wrapper around our public API that was meant to prevent incorrect SDK usage for JavaScript users, but caused the SDK to stop working in IE11. See GitHub issue #3305.
### FCM
* Fixed an issue where we tried to update the token for every `getToken()` call because we don't save the updated token in the `IndexedDB`.
* Fixed an RxJS incompatibility issue by adding support for `onMessage` so the internal callback can work with RxJS's `Subscriber`. See GitHub issue #3142.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Clear timeout after a successful response or after the request is canceled. Fixes GitHub issue #3289.
## Version 7.15.5 - June 25, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a bug that sometimes caused Cloud Firestore operations to fail during an auth token change. See GitHub issue #3179
## Version 7.15.4 - June 20, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Removed the React Native entry point due to an issue in our internal library. For Cloud Firestore in React Native, use the browser build and add necessary polyfills. See GitHub issue #2667
## Version 7.15.3 - June 19, 2020
Caution: Version 7.15.3 contains an issue that prevents Cloud Firestore from
working in React Native. Please upgrade to 7.15.4 or later.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue that prevented Cloud Firestore from working in React Native. See GitHub issue #2667
## Version 7.15.2 - June 18, 2020
### Realtime Database
* Added an internal HTTP header to the WebSocket connection.
### Cloud Firestore
* Updated `grpc-js` to version `^1.0.0`.
## Version 7.15.1 - June 11, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue that prevented the client from connecting to the backend immediately after a user signed in. See GitHub issue #2923.
* Fixed a regression introduced in PR #3048 that changed the `context.path` variable from `Path|null` to `undefined|null`. See GitHub issue #3172.
## Version 7.15.0 - June 04, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Added an `experimentalForceOwningTab` setting that can be used to enable persistence in environments without `localStorage`, which allows persistence to be used in Web Workers. See GitHub issue #983.
* All known failure cases for `IndexedDB`-related crashes have now been addressed. Instead of crashing the client, `IndexedDB` failures result in rejected operations (for example, rejected `Writes` or errored `Query` listeners). If these rejections surface in your app, you can retry these operations when `IndexedDB` access is restored. `IndexedDB` failures that occur due to background work are automatically retried.
If you continue to see `IndexedDB`-related crashes, please provide feedback
GitHub issue #2755.
## Version 7.14.6 - May 29, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue that could cause Cloud Firestore to temporarily go offline when a Window visibility event occurred.
* Added support for calling `FirebaseFirestore.settings` with `{ ignoreUndefinedProperties: true }`. When this parameter is set, Cloud Firestore ignores undefined properties inside objects rather than rejecting the API call.
## Version 7.14.5 - May 21, 2020
### Realtime Database
* Fixed a Realtime Database URL parsing bug to support domains with more than 3 components.
## Version 7.14.4 - May 14, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression introduced in v7.14.2 that incorrectly applied a `FieldValue.increment` in combination with `set({...}, {merge: true})`.
## Version 7.14.3 - May 07, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Cloud Firestore now rejects `onSnapshot()` listeners if they cannot be registered in `IndexedDB`. Previously, these errors crashed the client.
## Version 7.14.2 - April 23, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Firestore now rejects write operations if they cannot be persisted in IndexedDB. Previously, these errors crashed the client.
* Fixed a source of IndexedDB-related crashes for tabs that receive multi-tab notifications while the file system is locked.
### FCM
* Changed to compare hostname instead of the entire URL to decide if there is a matching window client. See GitHub issue #390.
## Version 7.14.1 - April 16, 2020
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed an issue that occurred when users tried to retrieve data from multiple Cloud Storage instances.
### Authentication
* Fixed an bug that occurred when users set persistence to `LOCAL` in a worker environment. See GitHub issue #2903.
## Version 7.14.0 - April 9, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Replaced `grpc` with `@grpc/grpc-js` in the Node.js builds. As a result, the minimum supported NodeJS version is now `8.13.0`.
### Realtime Database
* Added `ServerValue.increment()` to support atomic field value increments without transactions.
### Performance Monitoring
* Updated internal performance event transport mechanism.
## Version 7.13.2 - April 2, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression introduced by a crypto change in 7.13.0 that breaks Firestore in IE 11. See GitHub issue #2827.
* Fixed an issue that causes excessive reads in large changesets over slow connections. See GitHub issue #2683.
* Fixed an issue causing `WriteBatch.commit()` to resolve one loop later than `.set` and `.update`. See GitHub issue #2822.
### FCM
* Fixed an issue introduced in 7.7.0, when FCM switched to provide base64-encoded VAPID keys to PushManager for push subscription. For backward compatibility, the SDK has switched back to using VAPID keys in type ArrayBuffer. See Github issue #2712.
## Version 7.13.1 - March 27, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Removed a dangling comma in package.json.
## Version 7.13.0 - March 26, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a memory-only `firestore` build. Instead of persisting data in the `IndexedDB`, it keeps it in memory. This build is about 14% smaller than the full featured build because it doesn't have `IndexedDB` related code. If you don't care about persisting data across sessions, or your code runs in environments that don't support `IndexedDB`, use this build to reduce your application size. It is available under a special import path. You can import it this way:
import * as firebase from 'firebase/app';
import 'firebase/firestore/memory';
// Don't change the format for any other products.
import 'firebase/auth';
// etc.
Or if using the CDN:
<script src="https://www.gstatic.com/firebasejs/7.13.0/firebase-app.js"></script>
<script src="https://www.gstatic.com/firebasejs/7.13.0/firebase-firestore.memory.js"></script>
<!-- Don't change the format for any other products. -->
<script src="https://www.gstatic.com/firebasejs/7.13.0/firebase-auth.js"></script>
<!-- etc. -->
### Analytics
* Added convenient enums and function overloads to support enhanced ecommerce events.
## Version 7.12.0 - March 19, 2020
* Added two methods for logging:
* `firebase.setLogLevel()`, which sets the level above which Firebase log messages will be shown.
* `firebase.onLog()`, which adds a user-specified callback run on each log event. The callback has access to log level, message, and name of the package (e.g. "@firebase/firestore") that generated the log message.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where the number value `-0.0` would lose its sign when stored in Cloud Firestore.
## Version 7.11.0 - March 12, 2020
### Authentication
* Added multi-factor authentication support for Google Cloud Identity Platform projects.
## Version 7.10.0 - March 5, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Implemented `Timestamp.valueOf()` so that `Timestamp` objects can be compared for relative ordering using the JavaScript arithmetic comparison operators. Fixes GitHub issue #2632.
## Version 7.9.3 - February 28, 2020
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed an issue introduced in 7.9.2 where Cloud Storage could throw a CORS error (GitHub issue).
## Version 7.9.2 - February 27, 2020
Caution: This build introduced a regression where Cloud Storage could throw a
CORS error (GitHub issue). Please upgrade to 7.9.3 or later.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where `OnlineState` value was mangled and was not being parsed correctly.
## Version 7.9.1 - February 21, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue introduced in 7.9.0 where minified Cloud Firestore Node and CJS bundles do not work.
## Version 7.9.0 - February 20, 2020
Caution: This build introduced a regression where Node and CJS bundles for
Cloud Firestore do not work. Please upgrade to 7.9.1 or later.
### Cloud Firestore
* The minified version of the Cloud Firestore library, added as an experimental option in 7.8.0, is now the default Cloud Firestore bundle. The steps listed in the 7.8.0 release notes are no longer necessary to get the minified bundle. This minification currently reduces the total bundle size by approximately 15% as of this build.
* Fixed an issue where auth credentials were not respected in Cordova environments. See Github issue #2626.
* Fixed a performance regression introduced by the addition of `Query.limitToLast(n: number)` in Firestore 1.7.0 (Firebase 7.3.0). See Github issue #2620.
### FCM
* Fix an issue where service workers do not reliably update after upgrading to a new version of Firebase. See Github issue #2590.
## Version 7.8.2 - February 13, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where `CollectionReference.add()` would reject custom types when using `withConverter()`. Github issue #2606.
## Version 7.8.1 - February 6, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Fix a bug causing intermittent errors when the same app is open in multiple tabs. Addresses Github issue #2555.
## Version 7.8.0 - January 30, 2020
Caution: The minified bundle is no longer provided as a separate file starting
with 7.9.0, but replaces the default bundle. These instructions are not needed
to import the minified bundle in versions 7.9.0 and above.
### Cloud Firestore
* Experimental: Added an alternative minified import for the `firestore` package. Users who want to try this experimental import can do it this way:
import * as firebase from 'firebase/app';
import '@firebase/firestore/dist/index.cjs.min';
// Don't change the format for any other products.
import 'firebase/auth';
// etc.
Or if using the CDN:
<script src="https://www.gstatic.com/firebasejs/7.8.0/firebase-app.js"></script>
<script src="https://www.gstatic.com/firebasejs/7.8.0/firebase-firestore.min.js"></script>
<!-- Don't change the format for any other products. -->
<script src="https://www.gstatic.com/firebasejs/7.8.0/firebase-auth.js"></script>
<!-- etc. -->
## Version 7.7.0 - January 16, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where auth credentials were not respected in some Firefox or Chrome extensions. See Github issue #1491.
* Firestore previously required that every document read in a transaction must also be written. This requirement has been removed, and you can now read a document in a transaction without writing to it.
### Performance Monitoring
* Updated internal transport protocol from proto2 to proto3.
### Authentication
* Added missing constructor for `SAMLAuthProvider` type.
## Version 7.6.2 - January 9, 2020
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Fixed a bug causing notification permissions requests to pop up when using `functions.httpsCallable()`.
### Realtime Database
* Reverted a change causing slow update performance as reported in Github issue #2487.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where auth credentials were not respected in certain browser environments (Electron 7, IE11 in trusted zone, UWP apps). Addresses Github issue #1491.
## Version 7.6.1 - December 18, 2019
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an internal typing issue where the library `firebase-admin`, which depends on `@firebase/database`, failed to compile.
## Version 7.6.0 - December 12, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Added support for storing and retrieving custom types in Cloud Firestore. Added support for strongly typed collections, documents, and queries. You can now use `withConverter()` to supply a custom data converter that will convert between Cloud Firestore data and your custom type.
* Added a stronger environment check that specifically checks for the existence of `process.env`. Addresses Github issue #2404.
### FCM
* `getToken()` now automatically requests notification permission if permission was set to "default".
* Temporarily suppressing errors occurring on reset of notifications permissions, pending a backend solution. Addresses Github issue #2364.
### Testing SDK
* Fixed a bug where Testing SDK was unable to connect to the Cloud Firestore emulator. Addresses Github issue #2417.
## Version 7.5.2 - December 6, 2019
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue introduced in 7.5.1 where `@firebase/component` is not listed as a dependency. It caused "Cannot find module `@firebase/component`" in the `firebase-admin` package, which depends on Realtime Database.
## Version 7.5.1 - December 5, 2019
* Fixed an issue where typing `undefined` in the IDE prompts to auto-import it from the firebase package. Addresses #2203 (GitHub link). Thanks camsjams for the contribution!
* Fixed a bug where RxFire's `objectVal` will return an empty object if the result of `snapshot.val()` is not an object.
### Remote Config
* Fixed a bug where the promises returned by `fetch()` and `fetchAndActivate()` were not rejected with errors caused by `indexeddb` operations. You can now handle these errors in the error handler of the returned promise.
## Version 7.5.0 - November 21, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Improved the performance of repeatedly executed queries when persistence is enabled. Recently executed queries should see dramatic improvements. This benefit is reduced if changes accumulate while the query is inactive. Queries that use the `limit()` API may not always benefit, depending on the accumulated changes.
## Version 7.4.0 - November 14, 2019
### Authentication
* Added nonce support for sign-in with OIDC ID token credentials.
* Added the OAuth sign-in support for apps served from origins with the `ionic://` scheme for latest Ionic framework.
### Analytics
* Fixed a bug where Analytics did not work with Google Tag Manager on the same page.
### Cloud Firestore
* The `in` query operator now accepts nested arrays.
## Version 7.3.0 - November 7, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Added `in` and `array-contains-any` query operators for use with `.where()`. The `in` operator finds documents where a specified field’s value is in a specified array. The `array-contains-any` operator finds documents where a specified field is an array and contains any element of a specified array.
* Added `Query.limitToLast(n: number)` which returns the last `n` documents as the result.
## Version 7.2.3 - October 31, 2019
* Improved error handling in installations calls.
### Cloud Firestore
* The client can now recover if certain periodic IndexedDB operations fail. Addresses #2232 (GitHub link).
### Analytics
* Added missing overload signatures for `logEvent` when using standard event names `add_payment_info` and `page_view`.
## Version 7.2.2 - October 24, 2019
* Fixed a change detection bug in rxFire.
* Switched to `ref.isEqual` when comparing documents to support collection groups for Cloud Firestore in rxFire.
### Cloud Firestore
* Improved iOS 13 support by eliminating an additional crash in our IndexedDB persistence layer.
## Version 7.2.1 - October 16, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a crash on iOS 13 that occurred when persistence was enabled in a background tab.
* Fixed an issue in the interaction with the Firestore Emulator that caused requests with timestamps to fail.
## Version 7.2.0 - October 10, 2019
* The `Installations.getToken()` method now accept an optional `forceRefresh` parameter.
### Remote Config
* Corrected the path of the `main` script in `package.json` file.
## Version 7.1.0 - October 3, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a `Firestore.onSnapshotsInSync()` method that notifies you when all your snapshot listeners are in sync with each other.
* Fixed a regression that caused queries with nested field filters to crash the client if the field was not present in the local copy of the document.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue that caused large numeric values with leading zeros to not always be sorted correctly.
### Analytics
* Fixed a bug where `firebase.analytics()` was not available when importing firebase as an all-in-one package.
* The `eventParams` param to `logEvent()` is now optional.
## Version 7.0.0 - September 26, 2019
* Breaking change: For TypeScript users, the required minimal TypeScript version is 2.8.0.
### FCM
* Breaking change: version 7.0.0 introduces a new service related to client app instance registration. If you are currently using FCM for web and want to upgrade to SDK 7.0.0 or later, you must enable the FCM Registration API for your project in the Google Cloud Console.
When you enable this service, make sure you are logged in to Cloud Console
with the same Google account you use for Firebase, and make sure to select the
correct project.
Please also make sure that `projectId`, `apiKey`, `appId` and
`messagingSenderId` are present in your app config. See how to get your app
config object.
No other migration tasks are required; once the API is enabled, pre-7.0.0 apps
will continue to function normally.
New projects adding the FCM SDK have this service enabled by default.
* Version 7.0.0 introduces the targeting of web apps for FCM messages sent from the Notifications composer. You can now target web notification messages by browser type and version as well as operating system. See Send messages with the Firebase Console.
### Analytics
* Added support for Analytics on web apps. See Get started with Google Analytics.
### Remote Config
* Added support for Remote Config on web apps. See Get started with Firebase Remote Config on web.
## Version 6.6.2 - September 19, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression introduced in 6.6.0 where `Document.toString()` throws an error.
## Version 6.6.1 - September 12, 2019
### Realtime Database
* Internal cleanup of code that supports Node.js.
## Version 6.6.0 - September 5, 2019
### Authentication
* Added support for multi-tenancy for Google Cloud Identity Platform developers.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a race condition between authenticating and initializing Firestore that could result in initial writes to the database being dropped.
## Version 6.5.0 - August 23, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a `Firestore.waitForPendingWrites()` method that allows users to wait until all pending writes are acknowledged by the Firestore backend.
* Added a `Firestore.terminate()` method which terminates the instance, releasing any held resources. Once it completes, you can optionally call `Firestore.clearPersistence()` to wipe persisted Firestore data from disk.
## Version 6.4.2 - August 23, 2019
* Changed `fromRef`, 'fromDocRef' and `fromCollectionRef` to accept an `option` parameter in rxFire.
### Performance Monitoring
* Fixed a regression introduced in 6.4.1 where built-in metrics collections threw errors.
## Version 6.4.1 - August 22, 2019
* The SDK no longer throws an error on duplicate service registration. This simplifies cases when multiple components each internally depend on another component and may each try to register it.
### Cloud Firestore
* Transactions now perform exponential backoff before retrying. This means transactions on highly contended documents are more likely to succeed.
### Performance Monitoring
* Performance Monitoring now validates performance metrics and attributes before storing them.
## Version 6.4.0 - August 15, 2019
### Realtime Database
* When parsing the Realtime Database URL, the `ns` URL query parameter will be treated as the default Realtime Database namespace name.
* Fixed an issue that caused `.info/serverTimeOffset` events not to fire.
## Version 6.3.5 - August 8, 2019
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where cached redirect results were not cleared after calling `signOut()` or `getRedirectResult()`.
## Version 6.3.4 - August 1, 2019
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue where multi-byte UTF-8 characters were not written correctly when using `firebase.js` or `firebase-database.js`.
## Version 6.3.3 - July 26, 2019
### Realtime Database
* Fixed a regression introduced in v6.3.2 causing errors when run in a browser environment.
## Version 6.3.2 - July 25, 2019
Caution: SDK version 6.3.2 has a serious issue in Realtime Database API
support. If your app uses Realtime Database, immediately upgrade to 6.3.3 or
higher.
### Realtime Database
* Added an environment variable (`FIREBASE_DATABASE_EMULATOR_HOST`) that allows developers to point the database emulator SDK to a local database emulator instance.
### Performance Monitoring
* The SDK has been updated to better handle errors when the Performance Monitoring library is imported in an environment without a `window` object (such as the server side of an SSR app) or a Performance Monitoring instance is initialized in such an environment.
## Version 6.3.1 - July 18, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Transactions are now more flexible. Some sequences of operations that were previously incorrectly disallowed are now allowed. For example, after reading a document that doesn't exist, you can now set it multiple times successfully in a transaction.
* Fixed an issue where query results were temporarily missing documents that previously had not matched but had been updated to now match the query.
## Version 6.3.0 - July 11, 2019
### Performance Monitoring
* Fixed an issue causing errors during page load in browser environments that don't support IndexedDB (such as when cookies are disabled).
## Version 6.2.4 - June 27, 2019
### Performance Monitoring
* Fixed an issue where Performance Monitoring throws an exception in unsupported environments. Now Performance Monitoring will not initialize in unsupported environments.
## Version 6.2.3 - June 24, 2019
### Authentication
* Fixed a bug causing errors in Node.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue causing some queries to return no results.
## Version 6.2.2 - June 21, 2019
Caution: SDK version 6.2.2 has a serious issue in Firestore API support. If
your app uses Firestore APIs, immediately upgrade to 6.2.3 or higher.
* Reverted change to the way the React Native bundle imports `AsyncStorage` as it was causing errors.
### Cloud Firestore
* Made error messages more informative for `AsyncQueue` errors on iOS.
## Version 6.2.1 - June 20, 2019
* Updated the React Native bundle to first try importing the `AsyncStorage` module from the recommended community package, if available, instead of the now-deprecated version bundled with React Native core.
* Fixed a bug in Firebase's environment check that can cause errors when Firebase is bundled into user code (using tools such as Rollup).
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue causing errors in environments that are missing `window.addEventListener`, such as React Native with Expo.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed an incorrect type on `Reference.put()` params.
## Version 6.2.0 - June 13, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Added `clearPersistence()`, which clears the persistent storage including pending writes and cached documents. This is intended to help write reliable tests.
* Added logging and a custom error message to help users hitting https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=197050 (a bug in iOS 12.2 causing the SDK to potentially crash when persistence is enabled).
## Version 6.1.1 - June 6, 2019
* Did some internal refactoring to improve type safety and documentation generation.
## Version 6.1.0 - May 28, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where an environment check fails in Node.js environments.
### Cloud Storage
* Added the ability to list objects in a bucket.
### Cloud Messaging
* Deprecated `requestPermission()`. Use the native browser API `Notification.requestPermission()` instead.
## Version 6.0.4 - May 23, 2019
* Browser environment check is now able to detect a web worker environment.
* `@firebase/app-types` and `@firebase/util` are now direct dependencies of the main `firebase` package.
### Cloud Firestore
* Cloud Firestore will gracefully fall back to memory persistence when the user is in Firefox Private Browsing.
* Cloud Firestore now recovers more quickly after network connectivity changes (airplane mode, Wi-Fi availability, etc.).
## Version 6.0.2 - May 9, 2019
* Browser environment check now works correctly without throwing an error in non-browser environments.
### Cloud Firestore
* Updated `gRPC` to 1.20.3 to support Node.js 12 and Electron v5.0.
## Version 6.0.1 - May 8, 2019
### Authentication
* Fixed a regression introduced in 6.0.0 that caused code to access a removed property.
## Version 6.0.0 - May 7, 2019
* Breaking change: Removed polyfills in the Firebase package. Now developers must decide which polyfills to include based on the environments they need to support. This ensures only required polyfills are included, reducing application size. See Environment Support.
### Authentication
* Breaking change: Removed previously deprecated APIs.
Removed Replaced by
`signInAndRetrieveDataWithCustomToken` `signInWithCustomToken`
`signInAnonymouslyAndRetrieveData` `signInAnonymously`
`createUserAndRetrieveDataWithEmailAndPassword`
`createUserWithEmailAndPassword`
`signInAndRetrieveDataWithEmailAndPassword` `signInWithEmailAndPassword`
`fetchProvidersForEmail` `fetchSignInMethodsForEmail`
* Breaking change: Updated the return type signature for `signInWithCredential` and `linkWithCredential` to a promise that resolves with a `UserCredential` instead of a `User`.
* Changed `reauthenticateWithCredential` to return a promise that resolves with a `UserCredential`.
* Deprecated the following APIs Deprecated Use instead
`signInAndRetrieveDataWithCredential` `signInWithCredential`
`linkAndRetrieveDataWithCredential` `linkWithCredential`
`reauthenticateAndRetrieveDataWithCredential` `reauthenticateWithCredential`
### Cloud Firestore
* You can now query across all collections in your database with a given collection ID using the `FirebaseFirestore.collectionGroup()` method.
* Deprecated the `experimentalTabSynchronization` setting in favor of `synchronizeTabs`. If you use multi-tab synchronization, it is recommended that you update your call to `enablePersistence()`. Firestore logs an error if you continue to use `experimentalTabSynchronization`.
### Realtime Database
* Breaking change: Improved consistency between the type annotations for `Query.on`/`Reference.on`, `Query.off`/`Reference.off` and `Query.once`/`Reference.once`.
### Performance Monitoring
* This release contains the new Performance Monitoring Client SDK. Visit the Performance Monitoring for Web Getting Started guide.
## Version 5.10.1 - April 25, 2019
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where duplicate auth events could cause errors when using `signInWithPopup()`.
* Fixed an issue where the SDK could fail to detect that it is in a service worker environment.
* Added an error message that appears when the client attempts to perform an admin-only operation.
### Cloud Firestore
* Enabled the SDK to recognize older versions of iOS Safari and Android when checking if persistence can be enabled.
## Version 5.10.0 - April 18, 2019
### Authentication
* Added serialization and deserialization methods to AuthCredential classes.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added an `experimentalForceLongPolling` setting that can be used to work around proxies that prevent the Firestore client from connecting to the Firestore backend.
## Version 5.9.4 - April 11, 2019
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed an incorrect type definition in `UploadTask.on()` params.
## Version 5.9.3 - April 4, 2019
### Cloud Messaging
* Refactored to use const enum for `ErrorCode`.
## Version 5.9.2 - Mar 28, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a missing type definition for `firestore.FieldValue.increment`.
## Version 5.9.1 - Mar 21, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Increased a connection timeout that could lead to large writes perpetually retrying without ever succeeding.
* Fixed an issue where transactions in a NodeJS app could be sent without auth credentials, leading to Permission Denied errors.
* Fixed an issue with IndexedDb persistence that triggered an internal assert for Queries that use nested `DocumentReferences` in `where()` clauses.
## Version 5.9.0 - Mar 14, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Added `FieldValue.increment()`, which can be used in `update()` and `set(..., {merge:true})` to increment or decrement numeric field values safely without transactions.
* Prepared the persistence layer to support collection group queries. While this feature is not yet available, all schema changes are included in this release. Once you upgrade, you will not be able to use an older version of the Firestore SDK with persistence enabled.
### FCM
* The SDK now does not send messages to Chrome Extension background pages, which previously caused notifications not to display.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed an incorrect type definition.
## Version 5.8.6 - Mar 7, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Improved performance when querying over documents that contain subcollections.
## Version 5.8.5 - Mar 1, 2019
* Added a warning that appears in the console at runtime if a Firebase browser bundle is loaded in a node environment.
### Authentication
* Added `OAuthCredential` type as an exposed type.
* Fixed `updateProfile()` so each property passed to it is optional.
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Added timeouts and ability to customize them to `HttpsCallables`.
## Version 5.8.4 - Feb 21, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an uncaught promise error occurring when `enablePersistence()` was called in a second tab.
### Testing SDK
* Made rulesets that don't compile throw errors.
## Version 5.8.3 - Feb 14, 2019
### Cloud Firestore
* Improved error handling for `endAt` queries.
## Version 5.8.2 - Jan 31, 2019
* Added a missing file to the files array in package.json.
* Fixed some errors in the documentation.
## Version 5.8.1 - Jan 24, 2019
* Added the missing depenedency to auth-types and storage-types packages.
### Testing SDK
* Added `clearFirestoreData()` to delete data between tests.
## Version 5.8.0 - Jan 17, 2019
* Added a type definition file for all firebase components, so that they work with TypeScript with dynamic import.
### Cloud Firestore
* BREAKING: The `timestampsInSnapshots` setting is now enabled by default. Now, timestamp fields read from a `DocumentSnapshot` will be returned as `Timestamp` objects instead of `Date`. Any code expecting to receive a `Date` object must be updated.
* Fixed a crash that could happen when the app is shut down after a write has been sent to the server but before it has been received on a listener.
## Version 5.7.2 - Jan 10, 2019
* Fixed a packaging issue where some external dependencies were included in the Firebase package.
* Added syntax highlights to the README file.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression introduced in 5.7.0 that caused apps using experimentalTabSynchronization to hit an exception for "Failed to obtain primary lease for action 'Collect garbage'".
## Version 5.7.1 - Dec 20, 2018
### Authentication
* Added SAML providers and exposed the API to enable OIDC providers.
* Changed the email validation logic to allow international email addresses.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a custom error for schema downgrades.
## Version 5.7.0 - Dec 6, 2018
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a garbage collection process to on-disk persistence that removes older documents. This is enabled automatically if persistence is enabled, and the SDK will attempt to periodically clean up older, unused documents once the on-disk cache passes a threshold size (default: 40 MB). This threshold can be configured by changing the setting `cacheSizeBytes` in the settings passed to `Firestore.settings()`. It must be set to a minimum of 1 MB. The garbage collection process can be disabled entirely by setting `cacheSizeBytes` to `CACHE_SIZE_UNLIMITED`.
* Updated gRPC version to support Node 11.
## Version 5.6.0 - Nov 29, 2018
### Authentication
* Added the ability to customize the dynamic link domain for email actions.
## Version 5.5.9 - Nov 20, 2018
* Updated mocha to version 5.2.0.
* Corrected syntax errors for Realtime Database example in rxFire documentation.
### Cloud Firestore
* Capped the amount of exponential backoff gRPC will use for reconnection attempts to 100ms.
## Version 5.5.8 - Nov 8, 2018
### Authentication
* Added a source map to faciliate easy debugging.
## Version 5.5.7 - Nov 1, 2018
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Added the type definition for the `useFunctionsEmulator` method in the Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK.
## Version 5.5.6 - Oct 25, 2018
* Changed to distribute component libraries in UMD format from the CDN.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where the library is not compatible with IE 11.
## Version 5.5.5 - Oct 18, 2018
* Updated documentation to include examples for typescript and native es6 module in Node.js environment.
* Fixed the import path for Authentication in rxFire documentation.
## Version 5.5.4 - Oct 11, 2018
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where the `this` variable was changed to undefined incorrectly.
### Cloud Firestore
* Removed fallback based on `eval()` for JSON parsing, allowing SDK to be used in environments that prohibit `eval()`.
## Version 5.5.3 - Oct 4, 2018
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue that prevented query synchronization between multiple tabs.
* Start tracking document usage in preparation for LRU Garbage Collection.
## Version 5.5.2 - Sep 27, 2018
* Fixed a browser compatibility issue with Safari 9 when loading individual components using the CDN.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where native ES6 module loading was not working.
### Authentication
* Added a new phone auth error message for malformed or mismatching credentials.
## Version 5.5.1 - Sep 19, 2018
* Updated the dependency version for the closure compiler, so it works with Java 10.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where typings are created in the wrong location.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue where typings are created in the wrong location.
## Version 5.5.0 - Sep 12, 2018
* Fixed an issue where typings for the firebase package were referenced incorrectly.
### Cloud Firestore
* Access to offline persistence is no longer limited to a single tab. You can opt into this new experimental mode by invoking `enablePersistence()` with `{experimentalTabSynchronization: true}`. All tabs accessing persistence must use the same setting for this flag.
* Fixed an issue where the first `get()` call made after being offline could incorrectly return cached data without attempting to reach the backend.
* Changed `get()` to only make 1 attempt to reach the backend before returning cached data, potentially reducing delays while offline. Previously it would make 2 attempts, to work around a backend bug.
* Fixed an issue that caused us to drop empty objects from calls to `set(..., { merge: true })`.
* Improved argument validation for several API methods.
* Changed the internal handling for locally updated documents that haven't yet been read back from Cloud Firestore. This can lead to slight behavior changes and may affect the `SnapshotMetadata.hasPendingWrites` metadata flag.
* Eliminated superfluous update events for locally cached documents that are known to lag behind the server version. Instead, we buffer these events until the client has caught up with the server.
## Version 5.4.2 - August 30, 2018
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where the `navigator` global was unavailable in some environments.
## Version 5.4.1 - August 23, 2018
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression that prevented use of Cloud Firestore on ReactNative's Expo platform (#1138).
### Authentication
* Fixed an isssue in the IndexedDB implementation that was slow for some browsers.
* Fixed a memory leak in the IndexedDB implementation.
## Version 5.4.0 - August 16, 2018
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed `get({source: 'cache'})` to be able to return nonexistent documents from cache.
* Prepared the persistence layer to allow shared access from multiple tabs. While this feature is not yet available, all schema changes are included in this release. Once you upgrade, you will not be able to use an older version of the Firestore SDK with persistence enabled.
* Fixed an issue where changes to custom authentication claims did not take effect until you did a full sign-out and sign-in. (firebase/firebase-ios-sdk#1499)
## Version 5.3.1 - August 3, 2018
### Cloud Firestore
* Improved how Firestore handles idle queries to reduce the cost of re-listening within 30 minutes.
* Improved offline performance with many outstanding writes.
## Version 5.3.0 - July 19, 2018
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where redirect results were being handled incorrectly for deleted Auth instances.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where queries returned fewer results than they should, caused by documents that were cached as deleted when they should not have been (firebase/firebase-ios-sdk#1548). Because some cache data is cleared, clients might use extra bandwidth the first time they launch with this version of the SDK.
* Added `firebase.firestore.FieldValue.arrayUnion()` and `firebase.firestore.FieldValue.arrayRemove()` to atomically add and remove elements from an array field in a document.
* Added `'array-contains'` query operator for use with `.where()` to find documents where an array field contains a specific element.
## Version 5.2.0 - June 28, 2018
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
* Added a method that allows the Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK to use a local Functions Emulator.
* Added support for specifying a region for a given function.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue that caused database to not work on IE 11.
## Version 5.1.0 - June 21, 2018
* Fixed an issue with the typings where the firebase namespace wasn't being exported.
### Authentication
* Added an ES Module export of Firebase Auth
* Fixed an issue with the IndexedDB fallback logic
## Version 5.0.4 - May 24, 2018
* Update the README.md files for our scoped packages on NPM (i.e. `@firebase/app`, `@firebase/auth`, `@firebase/database`, etc) to properly reflect the officially supported API.
### FCM
* Fixed an issue where VAPID keys weren't being handled correctly.
### Cloud Firestore
* Improved the messaging when unable to connect to the backend servers.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed the typings for `forEach` and `forEachChild` to properly support all valid return types.
## Version 5.0.3 - May 17, 2018
* Fixed a regression that was causing the `import * as firebase from 'firebase';` syntax to fail.
### FCM
* Fixed an issue where the messaging types were inconsistent with our documentation.
### Cloud Firestore
* Updated our GRPC dependency which fixed an issue some users had during `npm install`.
## Version 5.0.2 - May 10, 2018
* Fixed an issue where some of the nested imports (e.g. `firebase/app`) weren't exposing the proper types.
### FCM
* Changed a behavior where, if a VAPID key did not exist, an error was thrown.
## Version 5.0.1 - May 8, 2018
* Fixed an issue with our typings that was preventing Typescript apps from compiling.
## Version 5.0.0 - May 8, 2018
* Refactored the top-level Firebase entrypoints (e.g. `import firebase from 'firebase';`) to additionally include the Firestore and Functions components which were previously excluded by default. Developers using these bundles will find a warning in the browser console instructing them how to include only the components they are using, which will improve the performance of their applications.
### Authentication
* Exposes the new `Auth.settings.appVerificationDisabledForTesting` flag for disabling reCAPTCHA app verification used for phone authentication integration testing with whitelisted phone numbers.
* Exposes the new `Auth.updateCurrentUser` API for copying `firebase.User` objects between Firebase apps.
* Updated the return type signature for `signInWithEmailAndPassword`, `signInWithCustomToken`, `signInAnonymously` and `createUserWithEmailAndPassword` to return a promise that resolves with a `UserCredential` instead of a user.
* Removed `getToken` API in favor of `getIdToken` and `getIdTokenResult`.
* Deprecated `signInWithCredential`, `linkWithCredential`, `reauthenticateWithCredential` and `fetchProvidersForEmail` in favor of `signInAndRetrieveDataWithCredential`, `linkAndRetrieveDataWithCredential`, `reauthenticateAndRetrieveDataWithCredential` and `fetchSignInMethodsForEmail`.
* Improved detection of external auth state changes for synchronizing Auth state between different windows.
### Realtime Database
* Removed the private `path` property from `firebase.database.Reference`.
### Cloud Firestore
* Merged the `includeQueryMetadataChanges` and `includeDocumentMetadataChanges` options passed to `Query.onSnapshot()` into a single `includeMetadataChanges` option.
* `QuerySnapshot.docChanges()` is now a method that optionally takes an `includeMetadataChanges` option. By default, even when listening to a query with `{ includeMetadataChanges:true }`, metadata-only document changes are suppressed in `docChanges()`.
* Added new `{ mergeFields: (string|FieldPath)[] }` option to `set()` which allows merging of a reduced subset of fields.
### Cloud Storage
* Removed the previously deprecated `FullMetadata.downloadURLs` and `UploadTaskSnapshot.downloadURL` properties.
## Version 4.13.0 - April 19, 2018
* Added support for an alternate `initializeApp` syntax, to facilitate additional config options.
* Fixed the version of our `devDependencies` throughout the SDK to ensure that build/test changes are picked up in future releases.
* Refactored to use core-js for our Polyfills/Shims.
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where `navigator.onLine` sometimes errantly reports `false`.
* Fixed an issue where Firefox multi-tab/private mode browsing threw errors with our IndexedDB implementation.
* Exposes the new `getIdTokenResult` API for `firebase.User` objects.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added a new `Timestamp` class to represent timestamp fields, currently supporting up to microsecond precision. It can be passed to API methods anywhere a JS Date object is currently accepted. To make `DocumentSnapshot`s read timestamp fields back as `Timestamp`s instead of Dates, you can set the newly added flag `timestampsInSnapshots` in `FirestoreSettings` to `true`. Note that the current behavior (`DocumentSnapshot`s returning JS Date objects) will be removed in a future release. `Timestamp` supports higher precision than JS Date.
* Added ability to control whether `DocumentReference.get()` and `Query.get()` should fetch from server only, (by passing `{ source: 'server' }`), cache only (by passing `{ source: 'cache' }`), or attempt server and fall back to the cache (which was the only option previously, and is now the default).
### FCM
* Fixed an issue where `getToken` was throwing errors in Worker environments.
* General cleanup and hardening of the entire messaging codebase. added Typescript types, additional tests, etc.
### Cloud Storage
* Deprecated the `FullMetadata.downloadURLs` and `UploadTaskSnapshot.downloadURL` properties in favor of `Reference.getDownloadURL()`
## Version 4.12.1 - March 29, 2018
* Fixed an issue where Typescript would throw errors due to duplicate symbols.
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where several of the new APIs were missing from the firebase package typings.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression in the Firebase JS release 4.11.0 that could cause get() requests made while offline to be delayed by up to 10 seconds (rather than returning from cache immediately).
* Fixed an issue where some NPM users were seeing large performance degradations on Edge.
* Fixed an issue where several APIs were missing from the firebase package typings.
### FCM
* Improved error messaging around the `useServiceWorker` function to better communicate the intended use case.
## Version 4.12.0 - March 20, 2018
### Authentication
* Added several APIs to support the new passwordless email sign in feature.
* `fetchSignInMethodsForEmail`
* `isSignInWithEmailLink`
* `sendSignInLinkToEmail`
* `signInWithEmailLink`
### Cloud Functions for Firebase Client SDK
This release contains the new Firebase Functions Client SDK, with support for
HTTPS Callable Functions. See Call Functions from Your App.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression in the Firebase JS release 4.11.0 that could cause a crash if a user signs out while the client is offline, resulting in an error of "Attempted to schedule multiple operations with timer id listen_stream_connection_backoff".
## Version 4.11.0 - March 8, 2018
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue where certain browser APIs weren't available in IE 11.
* Added the ability to create a new reference from an existing database reference.
### Cloud Firestore
* If the SDK's attempt to connect to the Cloud Firestore backend doesn't succeed or fails within 10 seconds, the SDK will consider itself "offline", causing get() calls to resolve with cached results, rather than continuing to wait.
## Version 4.10.1 - February 22, 2018
* Did some internal refactoring to support the use of modern typescript APIs across the codebase (thanks merlinnot for the PR!)
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue where users were unintentionally receiving an "Invalid query string" warning (see this issue).
### FCM
* Fixed an issue where some users received duplicate notifications.
* Fixed an issue with a missing API in the typings.
## Version 4.10.0 - February 15, 2018
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where Microsoft Edge users were seeing slow response times.
### Realtime Database
* Allow users passing custom database URLs, to set the namespace via the `ns` query parameter.
### FCM
* Added the `usePublicVapidKey` API to facilitate custom server application key usage.
## Version 4.9.1 - February 1, 2018
* Fixed an issue where ES6 wildcard imports were breaking Closure Compiler (thanks @Doehl for the PR!)
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue with universal link subscriptions when multiple listeners are registered.
### Realtime Database
* Allow users to set the database URL to a localhost value (thanks @rynobax for the PR!)
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed a regression in Firebase JS release 4.9.0 that could in certain cases result in an "OnlineState should not affect limbo documents." assertion crash when the client loses its network connection.
## Version 4.9.0 - January 18, 2018
* Snapshot listeners (with the `includeMetadataChanges` option enabled) now receive an event with `snapshot.metadata.fromCache` set to `true` if the SDK loses its connection to the backend. A new event with `snapshot.metadata.fromCache` set to false will be raised once the connection is restored and the query is in sync with the backend again.
* Added `SnapshotOptions` API to control how DocumentSnapshots return unresolved server timestamps.
* Added `disableNetwork()` and `enableNetwork()` methods to `Firestore` class, allowing for explicit network management.
* For non-existing documents, `DocumentSnapshot.data()` now returns `undefined` instead of throwing an exception. A new `QueryDocumentSnapshot` class is introduced for Queries to reduce the number of undefined-checks in your code.
* Added `isEqual` API to `GeoPoint`, `Blob`, `SnapshotMetadata`, `DocumentSnapshot`, `QuerySnapshot`, `CollectionReference`, `FieldValue` and `FieldPath`.
* A "Could not reach Firestore backend." message will be logged when the initial connection to the Firestore backend fails.
* A "Using maximum backoff delay to prevent overloading the backend." message will be logged when we get a resource-exhausted error from the backend.
## Version 4.8.2 - January 11, 2018
* Fixed some regressions that were introduced in the typings refactor from the last release.
* Added the missing "author" field to the package.json files of each of the NPM packages.
## Version 4.8.1 - December 18, 2017
* Refactored the typings setup across the SDK.
### Cloud Firestore
* A "Could not reach Firestore backend." message will be logged when the initial connection to the Firestore backend fails.
* A "Using maximum backoff delay to prevent overloading the backend." message will be logged when we get a resource-exhausted error from the backend.
## Version 4.8.0 - December 7, 2017
### Authentication
* Added new APIs `firebase.auth.Auth.prototype.createUserAndRetrieveDataWithEmailAndPassword`, `firebase.auth.Auth.prototype.signInAndRetrieveDataWithCustomToken`, `firebase.auth.Auth.prototype.signInAndRetrieveDataWithEmailAndPassword` and `firebase.auth.Auth.prototype.signInAnonymouslyAndRetrieveData` which function the same as their counterparts but return a promise that resolves with a `firebase.auth.UserCredential` instead of a `firebase.User`. These methods will be eventually renamed to replace the older methods.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue with the Firestore webchannel integration that prevented use of firestore in worker environments.
## Version 4.7.0 - November 30, 2017
### Cloud Firestore
* Added Node.js support for Cloud Firestore (with the exception of offline persistence).
* Refactor Webchannel integration to avoid extra CORS preflight requests.
## Version 4.6.2 - November 9, 2017
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where `localStorage` errors were not being caught properly.
* Return auth/user-disabled instead of auth/internal-error when signing in with an OAuth provider using a disabled account.
### Cloud Firestore
* Network streams are automatically closed after 60 seconds of idleness.
* We no longer log 'RPC failed' messages for expected failures.
* Fixed an "Image is not defined" error when using Cloud Firestore from React Native.
## Version 4.6.1 - November 2, 2017
* Updated dependency versions across the different sub packages.
### Authentication
* Released the Open Source auth codebase.
* Automatically resets the reCAPTCHA after the phone authentication flow is triggered to prevent the same reCAPTCHA token from being sent in subsequent calls.
## Version 4.6.0 - October 19, 2017
### Authentication
* Added `firebase.User.prototype.metadata` which includes information about user creation time and last sign in time.
* Added the `isNewUser` property to `firebase.auth.AdditionalUserInfo`, which is returned by sign in methods to indicate whether a user is a new or returning user.
* Fixed a `TypeError` thrown after manually clearing localStorage
### Realtime Database
* Fixed a regression introduced in version `4.5.1` where authenticated user info was not properly being passed to the server, causing reads and writes to fail with `permission_denied` errors.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed the validation of nested arrays to allow indirect nesting.
* We now support `FieldValue.delete()` sentinels in `set()` calls with `{merge:true}`.
## Version 4.5.2 - October 16, 2017
* Fixed an issue where the "react-native" property was missing from the firebase package.json.
* Fixed an issue where `firebase.SDK_VERSION` was returning the placeholder string.
## Version 4.5.1 - October 12, 2017
* Refactored the internal module structure to make our package more modular and easier to maintain.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue causing exceptions when trying to use `firebase.firestore.FieldPath.documentId()` in an `orderBy()` or `where()` clause in a query.
## Version 4.5.0 - October 2, 2017
* Added support for Cloud Firestore. For more information, see the following resources::
* Blog post
* Web getting started guide
* Reference Documentation
## Version 4.4.0 - September 21, 2017
### Authentication
* Fixed some issues with null initialization of several classes in the externs files.
### Realtime Database
* Added multi-resource support to the database SDK.
## Version 4.3.1 - September 7, 2017
### Authentication
* Fixed issue with typings for features released in 4.3.0
## Version 4.3.0 - August 17, 2017
### Authentication
* Added client side localization for email actions (password reset, email verification, etc), phone authentication SMS messages, OAuth flows and reCAPTCHA verification.
* Added the ability to pass a continue URL/state when triggering a password reset/email verification which gives a user the ability to go back to the app after completion. In addition, added support for the ability to open these links directly from a mobile app instead of a web flow using Firebase Dynamic Links. See the docs for more information.
* Fixed issue with IE10 state synchronization across tabs
## Version 4.2.0 - July 27, 2017
### Authentication
* Added ability to configure state persistence. See the docs for more information.
* Added missing `phoneNumber` property on `provideData` objects.
* Fixed temporary error message when opening a popup for sign-in, prominent in some IE browsers.
* Refactored to not use `navigator.onLine` for offline detection in Cordova environments.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue where database references were missing a `toJSON` method.
## Version 4.1.5 - July 25, 2017
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where authenticated realtime database access wasn't possible.
## Version 4.1.4 - July 24, 2017
* Bundle size improvements for `firebase-app.js`, `firebase-storage.js`, `firebase-messaging.js`.
### Realtime Database
* Refactored internal implementation to TypeScript.
## Version 4.1.3 - June 21, 2017
* Fixed an issue where certain app names were invalid
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue with the PhoneAuthProvider typings
* Fixed an issue where network errors from `signInWithRedirect` were cached even after the network connection stabilized.
* Fixed an issue where Cordova OAuth redirects in iOS apps were failing due iOS bundle ID case sensitive checks.
## Version 4.1.2 - June 6, 2017
* Fixed an issue where sourcemaps weren't pointing to the actual Typescript source code.
* Fixed an issue where `FirebaseAppImpl.prototype` was being incorrectly patched.
* Fixed an issue where loading the SDK from our CDN, while also providing a chunked webpack build, was duplicating the `webpackJsonp` namespace.
## Version 4.1.1 - May 31, 2017
* Fixed an issue where the default storage bucket was not being initialized correctly.
## Version 4.1.0 - May 30, 2017
* Allow for lazy initialization of Firebase components (i.e. Authentication, Realtime Database, Cloud Storage, FCM).
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where the SDK could trigger an infinite loop when loaded in an iFrame on Safari.
## Version 4.0.0 - May 17, 2017
### Authentication for Servers
* Removed support for deprecated `serviceAccount` and `credential` properties from the Node.js SDK. If you were previously using the Firebase JavaScript SDK to use these properties, use the Firebase Admin Node.js SDK instead.
### Authentication
* Added support for phone number authentication using the following APIs:
* `PhoneAuthProvider`
* `firebase.auth.Auth.prototype.signInWithPhoneNumber`
* `firebase.User.prototype.linkWithPhoneNumber`
* `firebase.User.prototype.reauthenticateWithPhoneNumber`
* Augmented the IdP data (for a list of all supported fields see `firebase.auth.UserCredential`) returned by the following APIs:
* `firebase.auth.Auth.prototype.signInAndRetrieveDataWithCredential`
* `firebase.User.prototype.linkAndRetrieveDataWithCredential`
* `firebase.User.prototype.reauthenticateAndRetrieveDataWithCredential`
* Added the `firebase.auth.Auth.prototype.onIdTokenChanged` method that triggers on ID token changes.
* Fixed an issue where new anonymous users were created on page load instead of returning an existing one.
* Fixed an issue where `firebase.User.prototype.updateProfile` was not triggering an update in password provider data.
* Deprecated `firebase.User.prototype.getToken` in favor of `firebase.User.prototype.getIdToken`.
* BREAKING: `firebase.auth.Auth.prototype.onAuthStateChanged` now triggers on sign in and sign out.
* BREAKING: `firebase.User.prototype.reauthenticate` has been removed in favor of `firebase.User.prototype.reauthenticateWithCredential`.
* BREAKING: `firebase.User.prototype.link` has been removed in favor of `firebase.User.prototype.linkWithCredential`.
* BREAKING: `firebase.AuthCredential.prototype.provider` has been removed in favor of `firebase.AuthCredential.prototype.providerId`.
## Version 3.9.0 - April 25, 2017
### Authentication
* Deprecated `firebase.auth.authCredential.prototype.provider` in favor of the `firebase.auth.AuthCredential.prototype.providerId` property.
* Fixed an issue where Cordova apps were seeing unusual delays in authentication.
## Version 3.8.0 - April 18, 2017
* Provide source maps for firebase-app.js.
### Authentication
* Added new APIs `reauthenticateWithPopup` and `reauthenticateWithRedirect` for reauthenticating with an OAuth provider using a popup or a redirect.
* Added the `operationType` property to the `firebase.auth.UserCredential` object to determine if the result was obtained from a `signIn`, `link` or `reauthenticate` operation.
* Added support for Cordova OAuth sign-in using the `signInWithRedirect`, `linkWithRedirect`, and `reauthenticateWithRedirect` methods.
* Deprecated `firebase.User.prototype.link` in favor of the `firebase.User.prototype.linkWithCredential` method.
* Deprecated `firebase.User.prototype.reauthenticate` in favor of the `firebase.User.prototype.reauthenticateWithCredential` method.
## Version 3.7.8 - April 14, 2017
* Fixed an issue where `npm-shrinkwrap.json` was not being generated correctly.
## Version 3.7.7 - April 14, 2017
* Fixed an issue where undefined symbols caused an error to be thrown in older browsers.
## Version 3.7.6 - April 11, 2017
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where removal of a legacy options object broke older clients.
## Version 3.7.5 - April 4, 2017
### Cloud Storage
* Provide higher-granularity progress updates for object uploads.
## Version 3.7.4 - March 28, 2017
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue where `firebase.database().ref().push()`, would trigger an infinite loop if the returned `.then()` function was called.
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue where `firebase.User.reauthenticate()` was creating new users if passed an OAuth credential for a user that didn't exist.
## Version 3.7.3 - March 21, 2017
### Realtime Database
* Fixed error messaging for invalid calls to `Query.equalTo()`.
## Version 3.7.2 - March 14, 2017
* Fixed an issue where some components erroneously allowed creation of multiple instances.
## Version 3.7.1 - March 9, 2017
### Authentication
* Updated `firebase.auth().signInWithPopup()` to work properly in Chrome extensions.
* Improved session handling for prolonged usage of the Realtime Database.
## Version 3.7.0 - March 1, 2017
### Cloud Storage
* Added support for using multiple buckets within Cloud Storage.
## Version 3.6.10 - February 21, 2017
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed an issue where the `catch()` method didn't exist on `UploadTask`.
## Version 3.6.9 - February 7, 2017
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue that broke `firebase.auth().signInWithCredential()` in a browser environment when the current URL has the OAuth 2.0-specific `state` query parameter.
## Version 3.6.8 - January 31, 2017
* Fixed an issue with some module bundlers. The npm (commonjs) modules no longer require a `global` variable to be set explicitly and fallback to `window` or `self` if `global` is not defined.
### Authentication
* Increased authentication timeouts for network requests to handle slow network connections.
* Fixed authentication module Node.js detection to be compatible with browserify.
* Modified `firebase.auth().signInWithPopup()` to work for apps embedded in a sandboxed iframe.
* Fixed the Android Chrome bug for triggering internal-errors in `firebase.auth().signInWithPopup()`
* Fixed an issue that broke `firebase.auth().signInWithCredential()` and `firebase.auth().fetchProvidersForEmail()` in non http/https environments like chrome-extensions.
* Fixed progress bar styling in the OAuth helper for popup/redirect operations.
## Version 3.6.7 - January 24, 2017
* Improved Firebase app errors to return error codes prefixed with `app/` consistent with other Firebase service errors.
## Version 3.6.6 - January 17, 2017
* Fixed support for TypeScript and ES6 imports of individual SDK modules (see the npm package README for more information).
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue on Chrome for iOS where a blank gray screen was being displayed when `signInWithPopup()` does not require additional user interaction (because the user is already signed in and has previously consented to the requested scopes).
## Version 3.6.5 - January 10, 2017
### Cloud Storage
* Improved error messages when invalid metadata is passed to the `put`, `putString`, or `updateMetadata` methods.
## Version 3.6.4 - December 13, 2016
### Realtime Database
* Added the missing `firebase.database.ServerValue.TIMESTAMP` property to the TypeScript type declarations (`firebase.d.ts`).
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed an issue where percent-encoded data in a data URL was not decoded.
### Authentication
* Optimized offline detection to reduce the frequency of network timeouts.
## Version 3.6.3 - December 6, 2016
* Changed the packaging of browser npm modules to fix an issue that occurred when using Cloud Storage with the Browserify and webpack module bundlers.
## Version 3.6.2 - November 29, 2016
* Updated file attributes in the Firebase npm package to be compatible with the Yarn Package Manager.
* Updated the jsonwebtoken version used in the Firebase npm package.
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue that prevented user authentication states from persisting when using Firebase Authentication with React Native versions 0.37 and higher.
## Version 3.6.1 - November 15, 2016
### Cloud Storage
* Reduced the SDK download size.
* Fixed networking issues affecting React Native on Android.
### Authentication
* Added missing definitions for `setCustomParameters()` methods in the firebase.d.ts file for TypeScript users.
## Version 3.6.0 - November 8, 2016
### Authentication for Servers
* SDK authentication with a service account on Node.js, and the corresponding token minting and verification methods, has been deprecated in favor of a new Node.js Admin SDK. To learn more, go to Admin SDK Setup. To see the Node.js Admin API reference, go to Admin SDK API Reference.
### Authentication
* Fixed an incorrect popup blocked error that occurred in the Chrome browser on iOS 7 and 8.
## Version 3.5.3 - November 1, 2016
* Reduced the SDK download size.
### Authentication
* Fixed issues with redirect and pop-up sign-in methods when using browsers that block third-party cookies and site data.
## Version 3.5.2 - October 24, 2016
### Authentication
* Increase the request timeout interval for mobile devices to improve performance on high-latency networks.
## Version 3.5.1 - October 19, 2016
### Cloud Messaging
* Added a check to validate the `gcm_sender_id`.
* Fixed a race condition that occurs when using the Firefox web browser.
## Version 3.5.0 - October 14, 2016
### Authentication
* Added support for custom OAuth parameters using the `GoogleAuthProvider.setCustomParameters()`, `FacebookAuthProvider.setCustomParameters()`, and `GithubAuthProvider.setCustomParameters()` methods.
### Cloud Messaging
* Introduction of Firebase Cloud Messaging for the JavaScript SDK.
## Version 3.4.1 - September 27, 2016
### Realtime Database
* Ensure that the SDK does not prevent Node.js from shutting down the process. Calling `firebase.database().goOffline()` or `firebase.app().delete()` should be sufficient for Node.js to exit now.
* Fixed a bug where the database inadvertently created a global variable on the window object.
* Use of the `update()` method now only cancels transactions that are directly included in the updated paths (not transactions in adjacent paths). For example, an update at `/move` for a child node `walk` will cancel transactions at `/`, `/move`, and `/move/walk` and in any child nodes under `/move/walk`. But, it will no longer cancel transactions at sibling nodes, such as `/move/run`.
### Cloud Storage
* Improved network utilization for file uploads.
## Version 3.4.0 - September 14, 2016
### Realtime Database
* New `Query.isEqual()` method allows for comparing any `Reference` or `Query` for equality.
## Version 3.3.2 - September 8, 2016
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue with `signInWithPopup()` not working with Internet Explorer.
## Version 3.3.1 - September 7, 2016
* Added an error message when attempting to use a service account in non-Node.js environments.
### Authentication
* Fixed backend error messages that were being truncated.
* Fixed an error where user properties were not automatically refreshed on page reload.
* The user's credential and email are now returned when account linking throws the following errors: `auth/credential-already-in-use` and `auth/email-already-in-use`.
* Modified the Facebook login and OAuth grant permissions screen to work better in popup-sized windows.
* This release has an issue with `signInWithPopup()` not working with Internet Explorer. You can continue to use version 3.3.0 or earlier until this is fixed in a future release.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed an issue where `contentType` in custom metadata was being ignored for string-format uploads.
## Version 3.3.0 - August 16, 2016
### Authentication
* Client Authentication APIs are now available in Node.js. When you call `intializeApp()`, pass a `serviceAccount` to use the Authentication for Servers APIs in your app, or pass an `apiKey` to use the client Authentication APIs.
* Network error handling for sign in and link with popup operations.
* Long popup cancellation timeouts.
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## Version 3.0.2 - May 19, 2016
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## Version 3.0.1 - May 18, 2016
* Node.js version 0.10 support.
## Version 3.0.0 - May 18, 2016
* Launch of new APIs and Firebase console.
### Realtime Database
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* Node.js server SDK:
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# Sales of the leading 13 consumer electronics retailers in North America
2010-2020
Published by
Federica Laricchia,
Oct 4, 2022
In 2020 Amazon still remains as the leading consumer electronics retailer in
the United States, generating sales revenues in excess of 68 billion U.S.
dollars. Online sales of consumer electronics are growing, but as online
retailers such as Amazon begin to offer a wider range of products such as
groceries, consumer electronics devices are making up a smaller and smaller
portion of total ecommerce sales.
Consumer Electronics Industry
In recent years, the market, once dominated by household radios and television
sets, has branched out into a massive range of different offerings. As
technology advances and new devices such as smart wearables and virtual
reality devices have entered the market, the consumer electronics industry has
continued to grow. The smartphones bring in the largest revenue from consumer
electronic sales worldwide.
Amazon, the future of retail
With net sales revenues in the hundreds of billions of U.S. dollars, Amazon
has quickly become one of the world’s largest retailers. As Amazon’s retail
business has become increasingly successful it has begun to diversify into
manufacturing its own products such as Amazon echo speakers, as well as
operating brick-and-mortar retail locations.
Read more
## Sales of the leading 13 consumer electronics retailers in North America
from 2010 to 2020 (in billion U.S. dollars)
RetailerAmazon.comBest BuyApple Computer retail storesWalmartCDW
CorporationCostcoTargetLowe'sHewlett PackardDellLenovoGameStopStaples
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Release date
May 2021
More information
Region
Canada, United States
Survey time period
2010 to 2020
Supplementary notes
Rankings are based on 2020 CE sales figures.
All figures are DealerScope estimates.
Open this statistic in...
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##
Other statistics on the topic
Best Buy
Market share of leading retail e-commerce companies in the United States as of
June 2022
B2C E-Commerce
Biggest online retailers in the U.S. 2022, by market share
Leading 100 retailers in the United States in 2021, based on U.S. retail sales
\(in billion U.S. dollars\)+
Retail & Trade
United States: top 100 retailers 2021, by U.S. retail sales
Total number of Best Buy stores worldwide from 2010 to 2022+
Consumer Electronics
Total number of Best Buy stores worldwide 2010-2022
Total number of Best Buy stores in the United States from 2008 to 2022, by
segment+
Consumer Electronics
Total number of Best Buy stores in the U.S. 2008-2022, by segment
Federica Laricchia
Federica Laricchia
Research expert covering the global consumer technology industry
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## Statistics on " Best Buy "
The most important statistics
* IT devices total spending worldwide 2012-2023
* U.S. consumer electronics e-retail revenue 2017-2027
* Unite States: electronics and appliance store sales 1992-2020
* Electronics and appliance store monthly sales in the U.S. from 2017 to 2021
* Estimated U.S. electronics and appliance stores per capita sales 2000-2020
The most important statistics
* Global revenue of Best Buy 2007-2022
* U.S. revenue of Best Buy 2012-2022
* Revenue share of Best Buy in the U.S. in 2022, by segment
* Revenue of Best Buy International 2012-2022
* Revenue share of Best Buy International in 2022, by segment
* Online revenue of Best Buy 2018-2022
* Online revenue as share of total revenue of Best Buy 2018-2022
* Overall and online comparable sales growth of Best Buy 2018-2022
The most important statistics
* Top consumer electronic/telecom retailers in U.S. 2018-2021
* United States: number of stores of the leading retailers 2021
* U.S.: Top 10 online stores
* Biggest online retailers in the U.S. 2022, by market share
* United States: top 100 retailers 2021, by U.S. retail sales
* Sales of the leading 13 consumer electronics retailers in North America 2010-2020
The most important statistics
* Leading U.S. household appliance retailers 2019-2022, by customer satisfaction
* Leading shopping apps in the U.S. 2021, by monthly active users
* Video game purchases by store brand in the U.S. 2022
The most important statistics
* Total number of Best Buy stores worldwide 2010-2022
* Square footage of Best Buy retail stores worldwide 2010-2022
* Total number of Best Buy stores in the U.S. 2008-2022, by segment
* Square footage of Best Buy retail stores in the U.S. 2010-2022
* Number of Canadian Best Buy stores by province 2022
## Statistics on Best Buy
Overview
5
* Premium Statistic IT devices total spending worldwide 2012-2023
* Premium Statistic U.S. consumer electronics e-retail revenue 2017-2027
* Premium Statistic Unite States: electronics and appliance store sales 1992-2020
* Premium Statistic Electronics and appliance store monthly sales in the U.S. from 2017 to 2021
* Basic Statistic Estimated U.S. electronics and appliance stores per capita sales 2000-2020
Financials
8
* Premium Statistic Global revenue of Best Buy 2007-2022
* Premium Statistic U.S. revenue of Best Buy 2012-2022
* Premium Statistic Revenue share of Best Buy in the U.S. in 2022, by segment
* Premium Statistic Revenue of Best Buy International 2012-2022
* Premium Statistic Revenue share of Best Buy International in 2022, by segment
* Basic Statistic Online revenue of Best Buy 2018-2022
* Premium Statistic Online revenue as share of total revenue of Best Buy 2018-2022
* Premium Statistic Overall and online comparable sales growth of Best Buy 2018-2022
Competitors
6
* Premium Statistic Top consumer electronic/telecom retailers in U.S. 2018-2021
* Premium Statistic United States: number of stores of the leading retailers 2021
* Premium Statistic U.S.: Top 10 online stores
* Basic Statistic Biggest online retailers in the U.S. 2022, by market share
* Premium Statistic United States: top 100 retailers 2021, by U.S. retail sales
* Premium Statistic Sales of the leading 13 consumer electronics retailers in North America 2010-2020
Consumption
3
* Premium Statistic Leading U.S. household appliance retailers 2019-2022, by customer satisfaction
* Premium Statistic Leading shopping apps in the U.S. 2021, by monthly active users
* Premium Statistic Video game purchases by store brand in the U.S. 2022
Special focus: Retail stores
5
* Premium Statistic Total number of Best Buy stores worldwide 2010-2022
* Basic Statistic Square footage of Best Buy retail stores worldwide 2010-2022
* Premium Statistic Total number of Best Buy stores in the U.S. 2008-2022, by segment
* Premium Statistic Square footage of Best Buy retail stores in the U.S. 2010-2022
* Premium Statistic Number of Canadian Best Buy stores by province 2022
Further related statistics
19
* Premium Statistic Leading consumer electronics retailers in Sweden 2020, by number of outlets
* Premium Statistic Leading consumer electronics retailers in Norway 2020, by turnover
* Premium Statistic Leading consumer electronics retailers in Norway 2020, by number of outlets
* Premium Statistic Leading consumer electronics retailers in Sweden 2020, by turnover
* Premium Statistic Turnover of leading consumer electronics retailers in Italy 2018
* Premium Statistic Market share of leading consumer electronics retailers in Italy 2018
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Statista. Accessed February 21, 2023.
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Dealerscope. (2021). Sales of the leading 13 consumer electronics retailers in
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Inc.. Accessed: February 21, 2023.
https://www.statista.com/statistics/642322/leading-consumer-electronics-
retailers-of-the-us/
Dealerscope. "Sales of The Leading 13 Consumer Electronics Retailers in North
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30 May 2021, https://www.statista.com/statistics/642322/leading-consumer-
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Dealerscope, Sales of the leading 13 consumer electronics retailers in North
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retailers-of-the-us/ (last visited February 21, 2023)
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## Contents
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* 1Early life and education
* 2Career
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* 4Selected honors
* 5Selected leadership and memberships
* 6Selected works and publications
* 7References
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# Henrietta H. Fore
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
American government official
Henrietta Fore
Henrietta H. Fore.jpg
Henrietta H. Fore
Executive Director of UNICEF
In office
January 1, 2018 – January 31, 2022
Secretary GeneralAntónio Guterres
Preceded byTony Lake
Succeeded byCatherine M. Russell
Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development
In office
November 17, 2007 – January 20, 2009
PresidentGeorge W. Bush
Preceded byRandall Tobias
Succeeded byRaj Shah
Under Secretary of State for Management
In office
August 2, 2005 – November 17, 2007
PresidentGeorge W. Bush
Preceded byGrant Green
Succeeded byPatrick Kennedy
37th Director of the United States Mint
In office
August 2001 – August 2, 2005
PresidentGeorge W. Bush
Preceded byJay Johnson
Succeeded byEdmund Moy
Personal details
Born (1948-12-09) December 9, 1948 (age 74)
Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
Political partyRepublican
EducationWellesley College (BA)
University of Northern Colorado (MPP)
Henrietta Holsman Fore (born December 9, 1948) is an American public health
and international development executive who served as the 7th Executive
Director of UNICEF till January 2022.[1] Fore currently serves as Chairman and
CEO of Holsman International, a management, investment, and advisory services
company. She served in three presidential appointments under President George
W. Bush: Fore was the first woman Administrator of the United States Agency
for International Development (USAID) and Director of U.S. Foreign Assistance,
the 11th Under Secretary of Management in the Department of State, and the
37th Director of the United States Mint in the U.S. Department of Treasury.[2]
She was the presidential appointee for President George H. W. Bush at the
United States Agency for International Development.
## Early life and education[edit]
Fore was born in Chicago, Illinois.[3] Her mother was from Switzerland. Her
father served the military during World War I.[4] Her grandfather is turn of
the century architect Henry K. Holsman, inventor of the Holsman Automobile
(1902-1911).[5][6]
Fore grew up in Santa Barbara, California and attended Crane Country Day
School[7] and Cold Springs School. She attended the Graham-Eckes School in
Palm Beach, Florida, and graduated in 1966 from The Baldwin School, a private
girls boarding school in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania.
In 1970, Fore received a B.A. in history, economics, and art from Wellesley
College.[4] In 1975, she received a M.S. in public administration from the
University of Northern Colorado.[8] In 1986, she studied international
politics at the University of Oxford.
## Career[edit]
After college, Fore worked in the federal government. She then worked at one
of her father's companies, a small manufacturing business in the steel
industry, a position she held for 12 years.[4] From 1977 to 1989, she was
president and director of Stockton Wire Products in Burbank, California.[9]
From 1981 to 1989, she was president and the chairman of the board of
Pozacorp, Inc. in Burbank, California.[9]
Fore meets with U.S. Secretary of State Michael R. Pompeo at the U.S.
Department of State in Washington, D.C., on April 10, 2019.
From 2001 to 2005, Fore served as the 37th Director of the United States Mint
in the U.S. Department of Treasury, serving Secretary of Treasury, Paul H.
O'Neill and Secretary of Treasury John W. Snow.[10]
From 2005 to 2007, Fore served as Under Secretary of State for Management, the
Chief Operating Officer for the United States Department of State, serving
Secretary of State, Condoleezza Rice.[11]
From May 2007 to January 2009, Fore served as the 13th Administrator of the
U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID),[9] and Director of United
States Foreign Assistance, holding the equivalent rank as Deputy Secretary of
State.
In January 2018, Fore was appointed as the executive director of UNICEF by the
Secretary-General of the United Nations, Antonio Guterres.[12] As part of this
position, Fore has worked in collaboration with GAVI, Coalition for Epidemic
Preparedness Innovations (CEPI), and the World Health Organization, among
others, to facilitate vaccination to combat the COVID-19 global pandemic.[4]
Fore resigned in July 2021 to attend to her husband’s serious health issue but
offered to stay on until her successor was recruited.[13] Her successor,
Catherine M. Russell, assumed office on February 1, 2022.[14]
Fore is currently the Chairman and CEO of Holsman International; Chairman and
Owner of Stockton Products[9] and Vincenza; and Chairman and Managing Partner
of Seaward International Company. She also serves as a Mission Board Member of
EQT Future Fund;[15] Director of Imperative Care;[16] Board Trustee of Center
for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS); and a Board Member of Global
Preparedness Monitoring Board,[17] co-convened by the World Bank Group and
WHO.
## Personal life[edit]
Fore lives in Nevada with her husband Richard L. Fore, who has four
children.[4] She has one sister, Marta Babson.[5][6] Fore is a Republican.[18]
## Selected honors[edit]
* 2022: ribbon bar Emperor of Japan, Imperial Palace Grand Cordon of the Order of the Rising Sun[19]
* 2022: American Committees on Foreign Relations Distinguished Service Award for the Advancement of Public Discourse on Foreign Policy[20]
* 2020: U.S. Global Leadership Coalition Leadership Award[21]
* 2013: CRDF Global’s George Brown Award for International Scientific Cooperation[22]
* 2009: United States Secretary of State, Distinguished Service Award[23]
* 2005: U.S. Department of the Treasury, Alexander Hamilton Award[24]
* 1997: State of the World Forum, Women Redefining Leadership Award[25]
## Selected leadership and memberships[edit]
* 2022–present: GWL Voices for Change and Inclusion (New York)
* 2022–present: EQT Future Fund, Mission Board Member[15]
* 2022–present: Imperative Care, Director[16]
* 2022–present, 2009-2017: Seaward International Company, Chairman and CEO
* 2022–present, 1995-2017: Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), Board Trustee[26]
* 2022–present, 1993-2017: Holsman International, Chairman and CEO
* 2022–present, 1977-2017: Stockton Products, President and Director[9]
* 2020–present: Global Preparedness Monitoring Board,[17] co-convened by the World Bank and WHO
* 2018-2022: UNICEF, Executive Director[27][28]
* 2018-2022: Chief Executives Board of the United Nations, Secretariat for the U.N. Secretary-General NY
* 2018-2022: Global Leadership Council Generation Unlimited, Co-Chair[29]
* 2018-2021: End Violence Against Children, Chair[30]
* 2016-2017: Essilor International S.A., Executive Officers & Remuneration Committee and Strategic Committee
* 2015-2017: Middle East Investment Initiative, Chair of the Board of Directors
* 2014-2017: Initiative for Global Development, Director, Chair
* 2014-2017: General Mills, Governance Committee and Public Responsibility Committee
* 2012-2017: ExxonMobil, Audit Committee and Finance Committee[23]
* 2011-2017: Center for Global Development, Director
* 2010-2017: Committee for Economic Development, Trustee
* 2010-2017: Theravance Biopharma US, Inc., Chair, Nominating and Governance Committee[23]
* 2009-2015: WomenCorporateDirectors Foundation (New York), Global Co-chair[23]
* 2007-2009: Millennium Challenge Corporation, Board Member[31]
* 2007-2009: Overseas Private Investment Corporation, Board Member[32]
* 1993-2017: Asia Society, Co-chair, Global Board of Directors[33]
* 1993-2017: The Aspen Institute, Board Trustee[26]
* 1993-2017: Chief Executives for Corporate Purpose (CECP), Board Member[34]
* 1987-1989: Water Quality Management, Board Member[9]
* 1987: Stanford Graduate School of Business, Board Governance
* 1981-1989: Pozacorp, Inc., Chairman of the Board[9]
* American Academy of Diplomacy, Member
* American Leadership for a WaterSecure World Campaign Cabinet, Member
* Chief Executives Organization, Member
* Committee of 200, Member
* Council on Foreign Relations, Member
* Economic Club of New York, Member
* International Women's Forum, Member
* Wellesley College Business Leadership Council, Member
* YPO/WPO, Member
## Selected works and publications[edit]
Scholia has an author profile for Henrietta H. Fore.
* Ghebreyesus, Tedros Adhanom; Fore, Henrietta; Birtanov, Yelzhan; Jakab, Zsuzsanna (October 2018). "Primary health care for the 21st century, universal health coverage, and the Sustainable Development Goals". The Lancet. 392 (10156): 1371–1372. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32556-X. PMID 30343843. Wikidata ()
* Berkley, Seth; Fore, Henrietta (26 April 2019). "Health for all". Science. 364 (6438): 309. Bibcode:2019Sci...364..309B. doi:10.1126/SCIENCE.AAX7591. PMID 31023899. Wikidata ()
* Fore, Henrietta H (July 2020). "A wake-up call: COVID-19 and its impact on children's health and wellbeing". The Lancet Global Health. 8 (7): e861–e862. doi:10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30238-2. PMC 7217644. PMID 2405458. Wikidata ()
* Fore, Henrietta H; Dongyu, Qu; Beasley, David M; Ghebreyesus, Tedros A (August 2020). "Child malnutrition and COVID-19: the time to act is now". The Lancet. 396 (10250): 517–518. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31648-2. PMC 7384790. PMID 32730742. Wikidata ()
## References[edit]
1. ^ "UNICEF chief Henrietta Fore resigns 'with a heavy heart'". UN News. 2021-07-13. Retrieved 2022-04-28.
2. ^ Stevenson, Richard W. (2001-08-04). "Treasury Nominees Confirmed After Trade Protest by Helms". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2022-04-28.
3. ^ Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents. Office of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration. 1991.
4. ^ a b c d e Baumberger Crane, Barbara (2020). "Interview with Henrietta Holsman Fore, Executive Director, UNICEF" (PDF). Wellesley Magazine.
5. ^ a b "UNHAPPY WITH EARLY AUTOS, ARCHITECT DESIGNED HIS OWN". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 2022-04-28.
6. ^ a b "A Glimpse Inside Our Pebble Beach Experience – Holsman Automobile". holsmanautomobiles.com. Retrieved 2022-04-28.
7. ^ Noozhawk. "Crane School Honors UNICEF Leader Henrietta Holsman Fore". www.noozhawk.com. Retrieved 2022-04-28.
8. ^ "Henrietta H. Fore". www.unicef.org. Retrieved 2019-11-30.
9. ^ a b c d e f g "Nomination of Henrietta H. Fore To Be an Assistant Administrator at the Agency for International Development". George H.W. Bush Library & Museum. 3 October 1991.
10. ^ "Henrietta Holsman Fore Sworn in as Director of U.S. Mint". usmint.gov. United States Mint. Retrieved 29 September 2019.
11. ^ "Henrietta H. Fore biography". unicef.org. Retrieved 29 September 2019.
12. ^ "Henrietta Fore becomes new UNICEF Executive Director". Unicef.org. Retrieved 1 October 2019.
13. ^ "Message from UNICEF Executive Director Henrietta Fore to staff". Retrieved 2022-02-01.
14. ^ "UNICEF welcomes announcement of next Executive Director". www.unicef.org. Retrieved 2022-04-28.
15. ^ a b "EQT Future strengthens Mission Board and installs seasoned bench of Impact Advisors". eqtgroup.com. Retrieved 2023-01-20.
16. ^ a b "Imperative Care Appoints Henrietta Fore and Stacy Enxing Seng to Board of Directors". www.businesswire.com. 2022-06-21. Retrieved 2023-01-20.
17. ^ a b "Global Preparedness Monitoring Board Announces New Board Membership, Bringing Diverse Expertise to Independent Monitoring". www.gpmb.org. Retrieved 2023-01-20.
18. ^ "Henrietta Holsman Fore". www.nndb.com. Retrieved 2022-04-28.
19. ^ "令和4年秋の外国人叙勲 受章者名簿" (PDF). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. Retrieved November 3, 2022.
20. ^ "Distinguished Service Award - ACFR". 2021-08-01. Retrieved 2023-01-20.
21. ^ "Dr. Anthony Fauci, WFP's David Beasley, UNICEF's Henrietta Fore Honored for Unwavering Commitment to U.S. Global Leadership on World AIDS Day". USGLC. Retrieved 2022-04-28.
22. ^ "Inaugural CRDF Global Henrietta H. Fore Women in Science Fellowship to Advance Science Collaboration". www.newswise.com. Retrieved 2022-04-28.
23. ^ a b c d "Henrietta Fore". academyofdiplomacy.org. The American Academy of Diplomacy (AAD). Retrieved 1 October 2019.
24. ^ NMN. "Fore given Hamilton Award". Numismatic News. Retrieved 2022-04-28.
25. ^ "HENRIETTA HOLSMAN FORE SWORN IN AS DIRECTOR OF U.S. MINT". U.S. Department of the Treasury. Retrieved 2022-04-28.
26. ^ a b "Henrietta Fore". Ted.com. Ted Conference, LLC. Retrieved 1 October 2019.
27. ^ "Henrietta Fore becomes new UNICEF Executive Director". www.unicef.org. Retrieved 2023-01-20.
28. ^ "UNICEF chief to step down after nearly four years in job". Reuters. 2021-07-13. Retrieved 2023-01-20.
29. ^ "USAID is foreign policy's best value". POLITICO. Retrieved 2022-04-28.
30. ^ "Henriette H. Fore to serve as board chair of the Global Partnership to End Violence Against Children | End Violence". End Violence Against Children. Retrieved 2022-04-28.
31. ^ "Board: Board of Directors". Millennium Challenge Corporation. Retrieved 2022-04-28.
32. ^ "Henrietta Fore". Varkey Foundation. Retrieved 2022-04-28.
33. ^ "Co-Chairs and Trustees". Asiasociety.org. Retrieved 1 October 2019.
34. ^ "Henrietta H. Fore". unicef.org. Retrieved 1 October 2019.
## External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Henrietta H. Fore.
* USAID biography
* State Department biography
* Appearances on C-SPAN
Government offices
Preceded by
Jay Johnson
Director of the United States Mint
2001–2005 Succeeded by
Edmund Moy
Political offices
Preceded by
Grant Green
Under Secretary of State for Management
2005–2007 Succeeded by
Patrick Kennedy
Preceded by
Randall Tobias
Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development
2007–2009 Succeeded by
Raj Shah
Diplomatic posts
Preceded by
Tony Lake
Executive Director of UNICEF
2018–2022 Succeeded by
Catherine M. Russell
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# Firebase Unity SDK Release Notes
Stay organized with collections Save and categorize content based on your
preferences.
To review release notes for the Firebase console and for other Firebase
platforms and related SDKs, refer to the Firebase Release Notes.
To install this SDK, see Add Firebase to your Unity Project
## Version 10.4.0 - January 26, 2023
* Introduces new Unity SDK support for tvOS. Supports Analytics, Authentication, Crashlytics, Database, Firestore, Cloud Functions, Installations, Messaging, Remote Config and Storage.
* (Android) Update to Firebase Android BoM version 31.2.0.
* (iOS) Update to Firebase Cocoapods version 10.4.0.
### Analytics
* Added `SetConsent()` and `GetSessionIdAsync()` APIs.
### Crashlytics
* Added `ReportUncaughtExceptionsAsFatal` property and `LogExceptionAsFatal` API.
## Version 10.3.0 - December 14, 2022
* (Android) Update to Firebase Android BoM version 31.1.1.
* (iOS) Update to Firebase Cocoapods version 10.3.0.
### Remote Config
* Added `ConfigSettings.MinimumFetchIntervalInMilliseconds`, which should be used instead of `MinimumFetchInternalInMilliseconds`. The old one is considered deprecated, and will be removed with the next major release.
## Version 10.2.0 - November 30, 2022
* (Android) Update to Firebase Android BoM version 31.1.0.
* (iOS) Update to Firebase Cocoapods version 10.2.0.
## Version 10.1.1 - November 17, 2022
* (Android) Update to Firebase Android BoM version 31.0.3.
### Crashlytics
* (Android) Fixed an issue preventing native crashes from being reported for Android API 29+.
## Version 10.1.0 - November 7, 2022
* Update to Firebase C++ SDK version 10.1.0.
* (Android) Update to Firebase Android BoM version 31.0.2.
* (iOS) Update to Firebase Cocoapods version 10.1.0.
### Crashlytics
* (Android) Fixed an issue with symbols being stripped when using the tgz package.
### Cloud Firestore
* (Android) Reduce the number of JNI global references consumed when creating or updating documents (#1111).
## Version 10.0.1 - October 20, 2022
### Crashlytics
* (Android) Fixed a critical issue that was causing background crashes in specific cases.
## Version 10.0.0 - October 17, 2022
* Updated Firebase C++ SDK dependencies to v10.0.0.
* (Android) Update Firebase Android BoM dependencies to v31.0.0.
Warning: On Android, we're aware of an issue in this version of the
Crashlytics package.
If you use Crashlytics, we strongly recommend using the latest version
(v10.0.1+).
* (iOS) Update Firebase Cocoapods dependencies to v10.0.0.
* Minimum supported editor version is now Unity 2019.
* Removed dependency on Parse Tasks.
### Authentication
* (Android/iOS) Deprecate `PhoneAuthProvider.MaxTimeoutMs`. The actual range is determined by the underlying SDK, ex. `PhoneAuthOptions.Builder` in Android SDK.
### Remote Config
* Improve performance when setting default parameters with long strings.
## Version 9.6.0 - September 27, 2022
* Updated Firebase C++ SDK dependencies to v9.6.0.
* (Android) Update Firebase Android BoM dependencies to v30.5.0.
* (iOS) Update Firebase Cocoapods dependencies to v9.6.0.
## Version 9.5.0 - September 12, 2022
* Updated Firebase C++ SDK dependencies to v9.5.0.
### Crashlytics
* Fix #218 that Firebase editor tool not loading when iOS build support is not installed.
## Version 9.4.0 - August 10, 2022
* Updated Firebase C++ SDK dependencies to v9.4.0.
## Version 9.3.0 - July 26, 2022
* (Android, Linux) Fixed a concurrency bug where waiting for an event with a timeout could occasionally return prematurely, as if the timeout had occurred (#1021).
## Version 9.2.0 - July 14, 2022
### Crashlytics
* Fix requiring user code to reference Crashlytics when using il2cpp.
### Realtime Database
* (Desktop) If the app data directory doesn't exist, create it. This fixes an issue with disk persistence on Linux.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added `TransactionOptions` to control how many times a transaction will retry commits before failing (#318).
### FCM
* (Android) Make sure all the resources are closed in `RegistrationIntentService`. (#973).
## Version 9.1.0 - June 10, 2022
* Added a missing namespace to the Google.MiniJson.dll.
* (iOS): Fix an issue with bitcode not being enabled correctly.
### Analytics
* (iOS) Added InitiateOnDeviceConversionMeasurementWithEmail function to facilitate the on-device conversion measurement API.
### Cloud Functions
* Add a new method `GetHttpsCallableFromURL`, to create callables with URLs other than cloudfunctions.net.
## Version 9.0.0 - May 19, 2022
* (Editor) Minimum supported editor version is now Unity 2018.
* (Editor, macOS): Add support for Apple silicon chips.
* (iOS): Firebase Unity on iOS is now built using Xcode 13.3.1.
* (iOS): Fixed crash when running on iPhoneOS 12 and older.
### Analytics
* Removed deprecated event names and parameters.
### Crashlytics
* (Android): Fixed a bug with missing symbols when enabling minification via ProGuard.
### Realtime Database
* (Desktop): Fixed a bug handling server timestamps on 32-bit CPUs.
### FCM
* (Android): Fixed a bug with duplicate symbols when also using Functions.
### Cloud Storage
* (Desktop): Set Content-Type HTTP header when uploading with custom metadata.
## Version 8.10.1 - May 4, 2022
* (android) Fix an issue when building with mainTemplate.gradle (#266).
## Version 8.10.0 - May 2, 2022
* (Editor, macOS) Fix an issue when finding "python" executable.
* Firebase Unity SDK now built using Unity 2019.
## Version 8.9.0 - April 6, 2022
* (Editor, macOS) Support non-default "python" executable names, common in newer macOS versions.
* (iOS) Fixed additional issues on iOS 15 caused by early initialization of Firebase iOS SDK.
### Remote Config
* Fixed default `FetchAsync()` timeout being too high.
### Cloud Storage
* (Desktop) Added retry logic to `PutFileAsync`, `GetFileAsync`, and other operations.
## Version 8.8.0 - January 31, 2022
* (iOS) Another possible fix for an intermittent crash on iOS 15 caused by constructing C++ objects during Objective-C's `+load` method.
### Crashlytics
* (Android) Updated internal Crashpad version to commit `281ba7`. With this change, disabling tagged pointers is no longer required, so the following can be removed from your manifest's application tag: `android:allowNativeHeapPointerTagging=false`.
* (Android) Improved runtime efficiency of the `SetCustomKey` functions, significantly reducing the number objects created and disk writes when keys are updated frequently.
### Remote Config
* Fixed an issue where the TimeSpan field of `FetchDataAsync` was being used incorrectly.
### Cloud Storage
* Added a method to access the url of a storage instance.
## Version 8.7.0 - December 15, 2021
* (iOS) Fixed an intermittent crash on iOS 15 caused by constructing C++ objects during Objective-C's `+load` method. (#706) (#783)
### Crashlytics
* (Android) Fixed a bug that prevented some Crashlytics session files from being removed after the session ended. All session-specific files are now properly cleaned up. (#737)
## Version 8.6.2 - November 19, 2021
### FCM
* (Android) Clean up callbacks on termination, to possibly fix ANR issues in CheckAndFixDependenciesAsync (#1160).
## Version 8.6.1 - November 9, 2021
### Crashlytics
* (Android) Updated the pinned dependency to fix a missing method error (#1177).
## Version 8.6.0 - November 8, 2021
* (Android) Minimum SDK version is now 19.
* Variant double type now supports 64-bit while saving to JSON. (#1133).
* Official support for Unity 2017.x will be dropped at the next major release.
### Cloud Firestore
* Released to general availability for Android and iOS (desktop support remains in beta).
* Fixed intermittent crashes and empty results when retrieving the contents of a document. (#1171).
* (iOS): Fixed intermittent "start after" query filters failing to have any effects on the queries.
* (iOS): Fixed intermittent cases where specifying `ServerTimestampBehavior.Previous` would return empty values instead of the previous values.
### Crashlytics
* (Android) Improved crash reporting for Unity Android apps using the IL2CPP scripting backend. To display symbolicated IL2CPP stack traces in the Crashlytics console, Android customers will need to upload symbol files for their builds. See the Getting Started with Crashlytics Unity Guide for more details.
### FCM
* (Android) Fixed crash resulting in ANR on termination (#1151).
## Version 8.5.0 - October 27, 2021
* (iOS) iOS SDKs are now built using Xcode 13.0.0.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed an issue where the `Equals()` and `GetHashCode()` methods of `DocumentSnapshot` would sometimes be inconsistent (#8647).
## Version 8.4.0 - October 13, 2021
* Added support for Android x86_64 (Chrome OS).
### Cloud Firestore
* Improved the efficiency of progress callbacks in `LoadBundleAsync()`.
* Fixed crashes in Unity Editor on Linux caused by C++ exceptions failing to be converted to C# exceptions.
* Fixed intermittent hangs on Android when exceptions are thrown by callbacks.
* Fixed a crash on Android when `DocumentReference.Set()` was invoked with an invalid `documentData` value (e.g. an int).
* Fixed race conditions in the instance caching, terminate, and disposal logic of `FirebaseFirestore`.
## Version 8.3.0 - September 21, 2021
### Cloud Firestore
* Simplified the API for modifying the settings of a `FirebaseFirestore` instance. This is a backwards-incompatible change and requires updates to code that sets `FirebaseFirestore.Settings`.
* Changed an argument to `Query.WhereNotIn()` from `List` to `IEnumerable`, to be consistent with `Query.WhereIn()`.
### FCM
* (Android) Fixes an issue with receiving tokens when initializing the app.
## Version 8.2.0 - September 7, 2021
### Crashlytics
* Upload `UnityFramework` symbols in addition to the main app dSYM file to improve symbolication (#673).
### Cloud Firestore
* Removed `Equals` and `GetHashCode` methods from `Query`, `QuerySnapshot`, and `DocumentSnapshot` classes. These methods were unimplemented, and we plan to add proper support for them in a future release.
### FCM
* Fixed a duplicate class error when building an application which also uses Cloud Functions for Firebase.
## Version 8.1.0 - July 19, 2021
### Realtime Database
* Fixed a crash around using DataSnapshots within Coroutines (#635).
### Cloud Firestore
* Implemented `IDisposable` for `ListenerRegistration` (#746).
* Added `null` and empty string argument checks to all public methods, which now throw exceptions instead of crashing (#1053).
* Fixed Android crash due to missing QueryEventListener class (#1080).
* Added support for Firestore Bundles via `FirebaseFirestore.LoadBundleAsync()` and `FirebaseFirestore.GetNamedQueryAsync()`. Bundles contain pre-packaged data produced with the Firestore Server SDKs and can be used to populate Firestore's cache without reading documents from the backend.
## Version 8.0.0 - June 17, 2021
* (iOS) A database URL is no longer required to be present in GoogleService-Info.plist when not using Realtime Database.
### Analytics
* Removed `SetCurrentScreen()` following its removal from the iOS SDK and deprecation in the Android SDK. Use `LogEvent` with ScreenView event to manually log screen changes.
### Cloud Firestore
* Internal assertions will now trigger C# exceptions.
* Fix `RunTransactionAsync()` to roll back the transaction if the task returned from the given callback faults (#1042).
### Instance ID
* Removed support for the previously-deprecated Instance ID SDK.
### Remote Config
* The previously-deprecated static methods have been removed. Use the new instance-based `FirebaseRemoteConfig` API instead.
* (Android) Fix for getting Remote Config instances for specific app objects. (#991).
## Version 7.2.0 - May 3, 2021
### Crashlytics
* Added new Unity-specific metadata to help diagnose tricky crashes around specific hardware setups.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed a potential crash that can occur as a result of a race condition when adding, removing, and deleting `ValueListener`s or `ChildListener`s rapidly.
* Fixed a crash when setting large values on Windows and Mac systems.
### FCM
* (Android) Fixed triggering of callback handlers for background notifications.
## Version 7.1.0 - February 16, 2021
* Add GoogleServices-Info.plist to `Unity-iPhone` target in Unity 2019.3+.
### Authentication
* You can now specify a language for emails and text messages sent from your apps using UseAppLanguage() or setting the FirebaseAuth.LanguageCode property.
* Fixed a flaky crash when accessing the result from the task returned by `FetchProvidersForEmailAsync`.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed partial updates in `UpdateAsync()` with `FieldValue.Delete` (#882).
* Fixed `DocumentSnapshot.ToDictionary()` on non-existent documents when running on Android (#887).
* Fixed crash setting FirebaseFirestore.LogLevel on Android before any instances have been created (#888).
### FCM
* (Android) Now uses `enqueueWork` instead of `startService`. This fixes lost messages with data payloads received when the app is in the background. (#877.
### Remote Config
* Changed `FirebaseRemoteConfig` to be an instanced class, with new APIs to better manage fetching config data.
* The old static methods are now deprecated, and can be accessed in the new class `FirebaseRemoteConfigDeprecated`.
* `ConfigSettings.IsDeveloperMode` is now obsolete and does nothing. `ConfigSettings.MinimumFetchInternalInMilliseconds` should be adjusted instead.
* Fixed numeric value conversion `ConfigValue.DoubleValue` and `ConfigValue.LongValue` to be locale independent.
## Version 7.0.2 - December 21, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* (Android) Fixes an error in the handling of Unicode strings.
## Version 7.0.1 - December 8, 2020
### Remote Config
* (Android) Fixes an issue with missing symbols on Android.
## Version 7.0.0 - December 2, 2020
* (iOS) iOS SDKs are now built using XCode 11.7.
* Removed deprecated service account APIs.
### Analytics
* Removed deprecated `SetMinimumSessionDuration` function.
### Dynamic Links
* Remove deprecated `DynamicLinkComponents.DynamicLinkDomain`. Please use `DynamicLinkComponents.DomainUriPrefix` instead.
* (Android) Bump up Android library version and remove dependency to GMS app invite.
### Cloud Firestore
* Added support for `WhereNotEqualTo` and `WhereNotIn` queries.
* Added new internal HTTP headers to the gRPC connection.
* Added support for `FirebaseFirestoreSettings.CacheSizeBytes`.
* Fixed a Unity Editor hang on Windows when restarting an app after listening to a query, document, or snapshots in sync (#845).
* Fixed an intermittent crash in the Unity Editor when the app is restarted while a transaction is in progress (#783).
* Fixed a crash when writing to a document after having been offline for long enough that the auth token expired (#872).
### Firebase installations
* Added Installations SDK.
### Instance ID
* Marked as deprecated.
### FCM
* Added `getToken`, `deleteToken` apis.
* Removed deprecated `Send` function.
### Cloud Storage
* Remove deprecated `DownloadUrl` and `DownloadUrls` properties in `StorageMetadata`.
## Version 6.16.1 - October 20, 2020
* (Android) Fixes regression in 6.16.0 about Android build error "Program type already present: com.google.firebase.unity.BuildConfig" when building an Android app with the Crashlytics SDK in Unity 2019 and below.
* Significantly reduced the filesize of the Linux libraries.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue with persistent storage.
## Version 6.16.0 - October 2, 2020
* (iOS) The minimum supported Xcode version is 11.6.
* Fixed an issue causing garbage collection every frame.
* Fixed issues causing Unity 2020 Android builds to fail.
* Improved the performance of Firebase Editor tools by delaying initialization when conditions are met and improving asset searching.
* Deprecate Firebase.Unity.Editor.FirebaseEditorExtensions.
### Crashlytics
* Fixed an issue with the Crashlytics Run script on Unity 2018 and older.
### Realtime Database
* Enabled offline persistence.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed leaked memory in FirebaseFirestore C# objects.
* Fixed `CollectionReference.AddAsync()` to propagate errors.
* Changed async tasks to fault with `FirestoreException`.
* Renamed the `Error` enum to `FirestoreError`.
### FCM
* Updated the library to be compatible with Android O.
* Deprecated the `Send` function.
## Version 6.15.2 - July 10, 2020
* (iOS) The minimum supported Xcode version is 11.3.
### Cloud Firestore
* (iOS): Fixed the missing Dispose symbol by updating to the correct Cocoapod version.
## Version 6.15.1 - June 29, 2020
* Fixed an issue that cause Editor crash on the second time click play.
* Fixed an issue that warns about Future handle not released properly.
### Cloud Firestore
* Significantly improved stability when reentering play mode, addressing this issue.
* Fixed memory leaks that could cause a global reference table overflow on Android, addressing this issue.
* Added the `ListenerRegistration.ListenerTask` property which facilitates discovering an error that causes the listener stream to stop.
## Version 6.15.0 - June 2, 2020
* Reduce editor freeze when play mode starts.
### Crashlytics
* Updated with the Firebase Crashlytics Android & iOS SDKs, which now use Firebase-specific endpoints rather than the deprecated Fabric endpoints. Crashlytics C# APIs have not changed.
* Removed UI for managing Fabric API keys, which are no longer required. Migrated Fabric apps will automatically use the Google App Id as defined in the `GoogleServicesInfo.plist` and `google-services.json` files.
* Fixed an issue when Crashlytics is imported using the Unity Package Manager.
* Prevented stripping of Crashlytics code by the UnityLinker.
### Cloud Firestore
* Fixed several serialization issues on iOS.
* Added `WaitForPendingWritesAsync` method which allows users to wait on a task that completes when all pending writes are acknowledged by the firestore backend.
* Added `TerminateAsync` method which terminates the instance, releasing any held resources.
* Added `ClearPersistenceAsync` method which clears the persistent cache, allowing unit/integration tests to be more isolated.
* Added `Query.LimitToLast(int n)`, which returns the last `n` documents as the result.
* Removed the `DocumentReference.ListenerDelegate` and `Query.ListenerDelegate` delegates. These were intended to be internal-only types.
### FCM
* (Android) Using the MessagingUnityPlayerActivity will no longer interfere with Unity's built-in handling of deep links.
## Version 6.14.1 - May 18, 2020
### Authentication
* Added a new method: Firebase.Auth.Credential.IsValid().
* Added Firebase.Auth.FirebaseAccountLinkException which may be thrown by LinkAndRetrieveDataWithCredentialAsync. The exception includes a Firebase.Auth.UserInfo object which may contain additional information about the user's account.
* (iOS): Added Firebase.Auth.UserInfo.UpdatedCredential. This credential may be valid in FirebaseAccountLinkExceptions indicating that the credential may be used to sign into Firebase as the Apple-linked user.
## Version 6.14.0 - April 23, 2020
### Cloud Firestore
* `Firestore.LoggingEnabled` is replaced by `Firestore.LogLevel` for consistency with other Firebase Unity APIs. The getter for this property has been removed.
### Crashlytics
* (iOS) Removed references to UIWebView APIs to prevent App Store rejections.
## Version 6.13.0 - March 23, 2020
* The Firebase SDK is now available through Unity Package Manager (Unity 2018.4 or above). See the setup guide.
* Updated asset labels so that External Dependency Manager works properly even if files in Firebase SDK are moved.
### Cloud Firestore
* `QuerySnapshot.GetEnumerator()` to not throw an `InvalidCastException`.
* Added `Query.WhereArrayContains()` query operator to find documents where an array field contains a specific element.
* Added `FieldValue.ArrayUnion()` and `FieldValue.ArrayRemove()` to atomically add and remove elements from an array field in a document.
* Added `Query.WhereIn()` and `Query.WhereArrayContainsAny()` query operators. `Query.WhereIn()` finds documents where a specified field’s value is IN a specified array. `Query.WhereArrayContainsAny()` finds documents where a specified field is an array and contains ANY element of a specified array.
## Version 6.12.0 - March 5, 2020
* Added experimental support for Cloud Firestore SDK, available on all supported platforms. Please note that the API is subject to change.
## Version 6.11.0 - February 20, 2020
* (iOS) The minimum supported Xcode version is 10.3.
* When creating a FirebaseApp, the ProjectId from the default FirebaseApp is now used if one is not provided.
### Realtime Database
* (Desktop) Fixed an issue with Database connecting to the server after the Auth token is revoked.
## Version 6.10.0 - January 30, 2020
* (Editor) Python 3 compatibility for resource generation script and added a fallback to use the Python interpreter on Windows 7/8.
* (Editor) Removed debug logging when the resource generator script is executed.
### Authentication
* (Desktop) Fixed a deadlock that could cause the Unity Editor to freeze when disposing FirebaseAuth.
* (iOS) Added a new version of `OAuthProvider.GetCredential`, which takes a nonce parameter as required by Apple Sign-in.
## Version 6.9.0 - December 27, 2019
### Authentication
* Added `FirebaseAuth.SignInWithProvider`, `FirebaseUser.LinkWithProvider`, and `FirebaseUser.ReauthenticateWithProvider`, allowing sign-in with third-party auth providers.
* Added constant `ProviderId` strings to the provider classes.
* (iOS): Added support for linking Apple Sign-in credentials.
### Crashlytics
* Fixed build event reporting when Python 3 is installed on Mac or Linux machines.
### FCM
* (Android): Added the option to enable or disable message delivery metrics export to BigQuery. This functionality is currently only available on Android. Stubs are provided on iOS for cross platform compatibility.
## Version 6.8.1 - December 16, 2019
* (Desktop) Fixed core editor plugin so that it loads without the iOS Unity extension installed.
### Crashlytics
* (Desktop): Fixed Crashlytics editor plugin so that it loads without the iOS Unity extension installed.
## Version 6.8.0 - December 3, 2019
* Fixed an issue where resource generation from google-services.json would fail if python3 was used to execute the resource generation script.
## Version 6.7.0 - November 13, 2019
### Analytics
* (iOS) Fixed the racy behavior of `FirebaseAnalytics.GetAnalyticsInstanceId()` after calling `FirebaseAnalytics.ResetAnalyticsData()`.
### Crashlytics
* (iOS) Fixed an issue on iOS with Unity 2019.3 beta where the plugin fails to create a XCode run script to upload symbols.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue causing timestamps to not be populated correctly when using `DatabaseReference.UpdateChildren()`.
* (Desktop) Fixed an issue preventing listener events from being triggered after `DatabaseReference.UpdateChildren()` is called.
* (Desktop) Functions that take string parameters will now fail gracefully if passed a null pointer.
* (Desktop) Fixed an issue that could result in an incorrect snapshot being passed to listeners under specific circumstances.
* (Desktop) Fixed an issue causing `DatabaseReference.RunTransaction()` to fail due to datastale when the location previously stored a list with more than 10 items or a dictionary with integer keys.
### Dynamic Links
* Fixed an issue where removing delegate from `DynamicLinks.DynamicLinkReceived` does not stop the delegate from being called.
## Cloud Storage
* (iOS/Android) Fixed an issue where `FirebaseStorage.GetReferenceFromUrl` would return an invalid `StorageReference`.
## Version 6.6.0 - September 25, 2019
### Authentication
* (Desktop) Fixed not loading provider list from cached user data.
### Realtime Database
* (Desktop) Fixed a crash that could occur when trying to keep a location in the database synced when you do not have permission.
* (Desktop) Queries on locations in the database with query rules now function properly, instead of always returning "Permission denied".
* (Desktop) Fixed the map-to-vector conversion when firing events that have maps containing enitrely integer keys.
## Version 6.5.0 - September 10, 2019
* The instance of FirebaseApp, FirebaseAuth, FirebaseDatabase, FirebaseFunctions, FirebaseInstanceId and FirebaseStorage will be kept alive after creation until explicitly disposed.
* (Desktop): Fixed the freeze when playing in the editor for the more than once or when closing the editor, when keeping a static reference to either FirebaseAuth or FirebaseDatabase instances.
### Authentication
* (Linux) Improved error logging if libsecret (required for login persistence) is not installed on Linux.
### Realtime Database
* The database now supports setting the log level independently of the system level logger.
## Version 6.4.0 - August 26, 2019
* Added more underlying null checks when accessing objects that can potentially be deleted, throwing exceptions instead of crashing.
* (iOS) Handle malformed Info.plist files when patching Xcode projects.
### Authentication
* Fixed an issue with updated user info not being persisted.
### Realtime Database
* (Desktop) Fixed a crash when saving a ServerTimestamp during a transaction.
## Version 6.3.0 - August 14, 2019
* (Editor) Fixed spurious errors about missing google-services.json file.
* (iOS/Android) Fixed a bug that allows custom FirebaseApp instances to be created after the app has been restarted.
### Authentication
* (Desktop) Changed destruction behavior. Instead of waiting for all async operations to finish, now Auth will cancel all async operations and quit. For callbacks that are already running, this will protect against cases where auth instances might not exist anymore.
* (iOS) Fixed an exception in PhoneAuthProvider.verifyPhoneNumber.
* (iOS) Stopped Auth from hanging on destruction if any local tasks remain in scope.
### Realtime Database
* (Desktop) Fixed an issue that could cause a crash when updating the descendant of a location with a listener attached.
## Version 6.2.2 - July 26, 2019
* (Editor) Worked around regression in Unity 2019.2 and 2019.3 which caused DllNotFoundException.
* (Editor) Add support for macOS 10.11.x.
* Database/Storage/Functions may fail to send authentication token to server if FirebaseAuth is garbage-collected. If you are unable to access to the server due to "Permission Denied", please try to keep FirebaseAuth alive.
### Authentication
* (Editor) After loading a persisted user data, ensure token is not expired.
### Realtime Database
* (Editor) Fixed use of an expired auth token after it's loaded from persistent storage.
* (Editor) Fixed a crash when calling UpdateChildrenAsync.
* (Editor) Deprecated service account authentication.
* (Editor) Fixed DatabaseReference.RunTransaction() sending invalid data to the server which causes error message "Error on incoming message" and freeze.
### Cloud Functions
* (Editor) Fixed use of an expired auth token after it's loaded from persistent storage.
### Cloud Storage
* (Editor) Fixed use of an expired auth token after it's loaded from persistent storage.
## Version 6.2.1 - July 10, 2019
* Fixed Crashlytics on Android incorrectly blocking all functionality.
### Crashlytics
* (Android) Fixed an issue causing it to report it was shut down, which blocked all functionality.
## Version 6.2.0 - July 2, 2019
* Updated Firebase iOS and Firebase Android dependencies.
* Updated Play Services Resolver from 1.2.116 to 1.2.122 For more information, see this document. Added support for the Jetpack Jetifier , this allows the use of legacy Android support libraries with the latest release of Google Play Services that uses AndroidX.
* Added a way to configure SDK-wide log verbosity.
* (Editor) Fixed an issue that could cause errors when trying to read a google-services.json file with unicode characters in its path.
* (Editor, iOS) Added support for patching Xcode projects in Unity 2019.3+.
* Fixed a race that could lead to a crash when gabarge collecting FirebaseApp objects.
### Crashlytics
* (Android) Fixed a crash when logging large call stacks.
* (Android) Fixed a crash in exception logging when the application is shutting down.
### Instance ID
* (Android) Fixed a crash when destroying InstanceID objects.
* Fixed a crash if multiple Instance ID objects are created and destroyed quickly.
### Dynamic Links
* Added support for custom domains.
### Realtime Database
* (Editor) Moved Realtime Database to a C++ implementation on desktop to improve reliability across different Unity versions.
* (Editor) Moved transaction callbacks to the main thread to mirror Android and iOS.
* Added a way to configure log verbosity of Realtime Database instances.
## Version 6.1.1 - June 7, 2019
* (Editor): Fixed an issue when generating Firebase config files on Windows.
* (Editor) Upgraded Play Services Resolver from 1.2.115 to 1.2.116. For more information see this document.
## Version 6.1.0 - June 6, 2019
* Updated Firebase iOS and Firebase Android dependencies.
* (Editor): Upgraded Play Services Resolver to from 1.2.109 to 1.2.115. For more information see this document.
* (Editor): Removed Firebase Invites documentation from the in-editor documentation.
* (Editor): Fixed an issue with resource generation when Firebase plugin files have been moved from their default locations.
* (iOS): Fixed an issue where connections via NSURLSession (used internally by the iOS SDK) can be prematurely closed by the client if NSAppTransportSecurity is set to YES in the Info.plist and NSAllowsArbitraryLoadsInWebContent is not set. This can be fixed by setting NSAllowsArbitraryLoadsInWebContent to the same value as NSAppTransportSecurity.
### Authentication
* (Desktop) User's credentials will now persist between sessions. See the documentation for more information.
* (Desktop) As part of the above change, if you access CurrentUser immediately after creating the FirebaseAuth instance, it will block until the saved user's state is finished loading.
* (Desktop) Fixed an issue where Database/Functions/Storage might not use the latest auth token immediately after sign-in.
* (Android) Fixed an issue where an error code could get reported incorrectly on Android.
### Crashlytics
* Fixed an issue that could cause a crash during shutdown due to the destruction order of plugins being nondeterministic.
### Realtime Database
* (iOS) Fixed a race condition that could cause a crash when cleaning up database listeners on iOS.
* (iOS) Fixed an issue where long (64-bit) values could get written to the database incorrectly (truncated to 32-bits) on 32-bit devices.
### Cloud Functions
* Fixed an issue that could cause a crash during shutdown due to the destruction order of plugins being nondeterministic.
### FCM
* (Android) Added channel_id to Messaging notifications.
## Version 6.0.0 - May 7, 2019
* Updated Firebase iOS and Firebase Android dependencies.
* Added an extension method, `Task.ContinueWithOnMainThread()`, which forces the continuation of asynchronous operations to occur in the Unity main thread rather than in a background thread.
* Upgraded Play Services Resolver to from 1.2.104 to 1.2.109. For more information see this document.
* (Android): Added support for Android SDK installed directly in Unity 2019.
* (iOS): Fixed issues generating projects without using Cocoapods.
### Crashlytics
* (iOS/Android) Crashlytics for Unity is now generally available (GA). Get the next evolution with BigQuery exports, Jira integration, and more. To migrate from Fabric Crashlytics for Unity to Firebase Crashlytics, follow the migration guide.
### Realtime Database
* (iOS/Android) Fixed an issue where integrating the SDK greatly increased the size of your app.
* Fixed exception handling during listener events.
### Authentication
* (Desktop) Fixed a crash when attempting to call Game Center authentication methods from the Unity editor.
### FCM
* (iOS/Android): Fixed an issue where Subscribe and Unsubscribe never returned if the API was configured not to receive a registration token.
### Invites
* Removed Firebase Invites, as it is no longer supported.
### Remote Config
* Removed deprecated functions using config namespaces.
* Fixed an issue parsing boolean values.
### Analytics
* Deprecated SetMinimumSessionDuration.
## Version 5.7.0 - April 19, 2019
As this release of the Firebase Unity SDK is the final version to support
Firebase Invites, it will remain available for download here.
* (Android) Fixed an exception on resolution in some versions of Unity 2017.4 by changing how Android ABI selection is handled.
### Authentication
* Fixed UserProfile.PhotoUrl removing percent encoded characters when being set.
### Remote Config
* Config namespaces are now deprecated. You'll need to switch to methods that use the default namespace.
## Version 5.6.1 - April 5, 2019
* (iOS) Updated to the latest iOS SDK to fix a crash on `firebase::App` creation caused by a race condition. The crash could occur when accessing the [FIRApp firebaseUserAgent] property of the iOS FIRApp.
* (Android) Fixed Java version check in Android resolver when using Java SE 12 and above.
* (Android) Whitelisted Unity 2017.4 and above for ARM64 builds. Previously required ARM64 libraries would be stripped from all Unity 2017 builds resulting in a DllNotFoundException.
## Version 5.6.0 - March 18, 2019
* Fixed intermittent crashes caused when multiple native objects were garbage-collected at the same time.
### Authentication
* Added Game Center authentication.
## Version 5.5.0 - February 19, 2019
* (Android): Updated to using version 1.2.101 of the Android Resolver. Prompt the user before the resolver runs for the first time and allow the user to elect to disable from the prompt.
### Crashlytics
* Crashlytics for Unity is now available as a Beta release. Get the next evolution with BigQuery exports, Jira integration, and more. To migrate from Fabric Crashlytics for Unity to Firebase Crashlytics, follow the migration guide.
### Invites
* Invites is deprecated. Please refer to https://firebase.google.com/docs/invites for details.
## Version 5.4.4 - January 18, 2019
* (Android) Fixed packaging of AARs in the Android Resolver when using Unity 2018 and a recent version of Gradle.
* Reduced auto-resolution frequency in iOS and Android Resolvers, speeding up builds and reducing memory footprint.
* Fixed an issue with version number handling in iOS and Android Resolvers.
* (iOS) Fixed an issue that caused apps to crash when exiting the app.
* Fixed parsing of Unity 5.6 metadata.
* Workaround for Unity 2018.3 and newer ignoring the "Any" platform.
* The garbage collection race condition mentioned in version 5.4.2 still occurs in Firebase Auth, Database, Storage, and Instance ID. To work around the issue until a fixed is released, keep a reference to the Firebase object instance (for example, `FirebaseAuth.DefaultInstance`) to prevent garbage collection.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue where certain DataSnapshots were missing data on iOS and Android.
### Cloud Functions
* (Android) Fixed an issue with error handling.
## Version 5.4.3 - November 30, 2018
### Cloud Storage
* (iOS): Fixed an issue when downloading files with `GetBytesAsync`.
## Version 5.4.2 - November 15, 2018
* General (Android): Fixed an infinite loop in Android Resolver when using auto-resolution.
* App: Fixed a race condition causing an occasional crash when FirebaseApp is garbage collected.
### Authentication
* (Android): Removed an irrelevant error about the Java class FirebaseAuthWebException.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed a race condition causing an occasional crash when FirebaseDatabase is garbage collected.
## Version 5.4.1 - November 5, 2018
### Analytics
* (iOS) Fixed issue with Google Analytics and Google App Measurement mismatch.
## Version 5.4.0 - October 19, 2018
* : Added plugins that are pre-configured for import into .NET 4.x Unity projects.
### Realtime Database
* Added method to enable persistence on mobile platforms.
### Dynamic Links
* (Android): Fixed short link generation failing with "error 8".
## Version 5.3.1 - October 3, 2018
* Added symbols for all C# assemblies.
* (Android) Improved module initialization so that the Unity SDK does not attempt to use Android libraries unless the C# assembly is included. For example, this allows users of the Analytics plugin to use the `firebase-messaging` Android library without the Firebase Unity FCM component.
* (Editor) Fixed loading of the Firebase.Editor.dll component in Unity 2018.3.0b2
* (Editor) Updated the Play Services Resolver from version 1.2.88 to 1.2.91, see the GitHub changelog for details.
* (Editor): Fixed the Android "Open in Console" button of the Firebase window (accessible under the Window > Firebase menu option) to correctly open the Firebase console in a web browser when the selected target platform is not Android in Unity 5.6 and above.
### Invites
* (Android): Fixed an exception when the Android Minimum Version code option is used on the Android.
## Version 5.3.0 - September 20, 2018
* (iOS) The minimum supported Xcode version is 9.4.1.
* (Android) Fixed an issue resolving certain types of version conflicts in the Android Resolver.
### Realtime Database
* (Desktop) Fixed issues in `ChildListener`.
* (Desktop) Fixed crash that could occur if the Database was deleted while an asynchronous operation was still in progress.
### Cloud Functions
* (Android) Fixed an issue when a function returns an array.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed issues when transactions are canceled in .NET 4.6.
## Version 5.2.1 - August 16, 2018
* Fixed an issue resolving certain types of version conflicts in the Android Resolver.
* Firebase now throws an exception if any Firebase libraries are initialized while `CheckAndFixDependenciesAsync()` is still in progress.
### Authentication
* Fixed a race condition that was returning the wrong Task when you called the same method twice in quick succession.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed a race condition that was returning the wrong Task when you called the same method twice in quick succession.
* (iOS/Android) Fixed a crash in DatabaseReference/Query during garbage collection (and other times).
## Version 5.2.0 - July 23, 2018
* (Android) Fixed a null reference in the Google Play Services availability checker.
* (Android) Fixed problems merging Android library manifests in Unity 2018.
* (Android) Added arm64-v8a build support.
### Authentication
* Fixed per-frame allocation in the token refresh logic.
* (Android) Fixed a crash in `FirebaseUser.UpdatePhoneNumberCredentialAsync()`.
### Realtime Database
* Added a version of `GetInstance()` that allows passing in the URL of the database to use.
### Cloud Functions
* Added a way to specify which region to run the function in.
### FCM
* Added `SubscribeAsync()` and `UnsubscribeAsync()`, which return Tasks, and deprecated `Subscribe()` and `Unsubscribe()`.
## Version 5.1.1 - June 27, 2018
* Updated Android and iOS dependency versions only.
## Version 5.1.0 - June 22, 2018
* (Android): Fixed build issues due to the broken AndroidManifest merger in Unity 2018.x.
### Cloud Functions
* Added support for Cloud Functions on iOS, Android, and desktop.
### Analytics
* Added `ResetAnalyticsData()` to clear all analytics data for an app from the device.
* Added `GetAnalyticsInstanceIdAsync()` which allows developers to retrieve the current app's analytics instance ID.
### Authentication
* Linking a credential with a provider that has already been linked now produces an error.
* (iOS) Fixed crashes in `FirebaseUser.LinkAndRetrieveDataWithCredential()` and `FirebaseUser.ReauthenticateAndRetrieveData()`.
* (iOS) Fixed photo URL never returning a value on iOS.
* (Android) Fixed setting the profile photo URL with `FirebaseUser.UpdateUserProfile()`.
### Realtime Database
* Added support for ServerValues in `SetPriority` methods.
* (iOS / Android) Now implemented as a wrapper around Firebase iOS and Android SDKs, to add offline support and increase reliability and performance.
## Version 5.0.0 - June 5, 2018
* Library names that previously did not mention Firebase now have a "FirebaseCpp" prefix. For example, Auth.dll is now FirebaseCppAuth.dll.
* (Android) Improved error handling when device is out of space.
* Removed deprecated method FirebaseApp.SetLogLevel.
### Authentication
* Removed deprecated properties PhotoUri and RefreshToken.
### Dynamic Links
* Added MatchStrength to ReceivedDynamicLink, that describes the strength of the match for the received link.
### FCM
* Added an optional initialization options struct. This can be used to suppress the prompt on iOS that requests permission to receive notifications at start up. Permission can be requested manually using the function firebase::messaging::RequestPermission().
### Invites
* Added MatchStrength to InvitesReceivedEventArgs, that describes the strength of the match for the received invite.
### Cloud Storage
* Deprecated StorageMetadata.DownloadUrl and StorageMetadata.DownloadUrls. Please use StorageReference.GetDownloadUrlAsync() instead.
## Version 4.5.2 - April 24, 2018
* Updated Parse .NET 4.6 type forwarding DLLs to fix build issues when using IL2CPP with the .NET 4.6 framework. The update works with IL2CPP in Unity 2017.2 and beyond. IL2CPP builds still fail in Unity 2017.1 as the IL2CPP distribution bundled with Unity 2017.1 does not correctly support type forwarding DLLs.
* Root cert installation is now only performed in plugins that use the .NET network stack (currently only Realtime Database). This should resolve exceptions on initialization that reference `/System/Library/Frameworks/CoreFoundation.framework/CoreFoundation`.
* (Desktop) Fixed crash when using Authentication, Cloud Storage, Realtime Database and Remote Config on Linux.
* (Android): Loading default AppOptions is now more robust on Android resulting in errors reported for missing fields rather than exiting the application with an error in the native library.
### Authentication
* Fixed regression in release 4.5.0 which led to an unhandled exception on auth token refresh.
## Version 4.5.1 - April 16, 2018
* (Android) Fixed a bug causing Unity to hang due to FirebaseApp initializing on the wrong thread, when building in -batchmode.
* (Desktop) Fixed a bug when using iOS GoogleServicesInfo.plist config settings on desktop, which prevented "play in editor" mode from loading the correct project settings. (Only affected users who developed for iOS and not Android, who were using Desktop).
### Authentication
* (Desktop) Added support for accessing user metadata.
### Analytics
* Added SetMinimumSessionDuration() and SetSessionTimeoutDuration().
### Dynamic Links
* (Android) Fixed an issue with links getting lost when calling CheckAndFixDependenciesAsync().
### Invites
* (Android) Fixed an issue with invitations getting lost when calling CheckAndFixDependenciesAsync().
### FCM
* Added TokenRegistrationOnInitEnabled property to enable or disable auto-token generation.
### Remote Config
* Fixed a bug causing incorrect reporting of success or failure during a Fetch().
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed a bug in Storage that was unescaping '/' characters in the URL returned by StorageReference.GetDownloadUrlAsync(). This caused an "Invalid HTTP method/URL pair" error when attempting to download using the URL.
## Version 4.5.0 - Mar 19, 2018
* (Desktop) Stub implementations of Authentication and Remote Config have been replaced with functional desktop workflow implementations on Windows, OS X, and Linux.
* (Editor) Added support for plugins within the Unity Editor context.
* (Desktop) On Windows and Mac OS, only 64-bit builds are supported (x86_64), not 32-bit.
### Authentication
* (Android) Added support for Google Play Games authentication.
* (Desktop) Stub implementation has been replaced with a functional desktop workflow implementation on Windows, OS X, and Linux.
* Fixed issues when destroying/finalizing Firebase objects.
### Instance ID
* Fixed issues when destroying/finalizing Firebase objects.
### Remote Config
* (Desktop) Stub implementation has been replaced with a functional desktop workflow implementation on Windows, OS X, and Linux.
### Cloud Storage
* (iOS/Android) Now implemented as a wrapper around Firebase iOS and Android SDKs, to increase reliability and performance.
* Added `Md5Hash` to `StorageMetadata`.
## Version 4.4.3 - Feb 23, 2018
* (Editor) Fixed a crash in the editor when using .NET 4.6 with certain versions of Unity 2017.
* (Android) Fixed an issue when Google Play Services was out of date and would hang after returning from the update workflow.
### Dynamic Links
* (iOS) Now fetches the invite ID when using universal links.
* (iOS) Fixed crash on failure of dynamic link completion.
* (iOS) Fixed an issue where some errors weren't correctly reported.
### Invites
* (Editor) Fixed SendInvite never completing.
### Remote Config
* (iOS) Fixed an issue where some errors weren't correctly reported.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed Metadata::content_language returning the wrong data.
* (iOS) Reference paths formats are now consistent with other platforms.
* (iOS) Fixed an issue where trying to upload to a non-existent path would not complete the Task.
* (iOS) Fixed a crash when a download fails.
## Version 4.4.2 - Feb 5, 2018
* (iOS) Updated Firebase iOS Cocoapod dependency version.
## Version 4.4.1 - Jan 26, 2018
* (Android) Fixed a bug with handling transitive dependencies in the Android Resolver, where there was a common dependency name from different sources.
* (Android) Fixed Android Resolver reporting non-existent conflicts.
* Fixed `get_realtimeSinceStartup` Assert in development builds.
* Fixed issues when using types added in .NET 4.x such as Tuple. This requires switching to the appropriate Unity.Compat.dll when using .NET 4.x (see Known Issues).
### Instance ID
* (iOS) `GetTokenAsync` no longer fails without an APNS certificate, and no longer forces registering for notifications.
### Cloud Storage
* Added support for a progress listener and cancellation token to `GetBytesAsync`.
* Fixed an issue where the auth token was not refreshed when the application is started.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue where the auth token was not refreshed when the application is started.
## Version 4.4.0 - Jan 3, 2018
### Instance ID
* Added Instance ID library.
### Authentication
* Fixed user metadata property names.
## Version 4.3.0 - Nov 30, 2017
* Fixed some invalid calls to Unity APIs from threads.
* Fixed Firebase settings window to work with Unity 4.x.
* Fixed GoogleServices-Info.plist not being read in batch mode.
### Authentication
* Fixed a bug due to a race condition fetching the authentication token which could cause Database and Storage operations to hang.
* Added support for accessing user metadata.
### Remote Config
* (Android) Fixed a bug where remote config values retrieved were misclassified as coming from a default config vs an active config.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed hang when Time.timeScale is 0 in Unity 2017.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed hang when Time.timeScale is 0 in Unity 2017.
## Version 4.2.1 - Oct 20, 2017
* (Android) Fixed Android resolution when a project path contains apostrophes.
* (iOS) Increased speed of iOS resolver dependency loading.
* (Android) Removed legacy resolution method from Android Resolver. It is now only possible to resolve dependencies using Gradle (default), or optionally "Prebuild With Gradle".
* (Android) Fixed Android Resolution issues with OpenJDK by updating the Gradle wrapper to 4.2.1.
* (Android) Android resolution now also uses gradle.properties to pass parameters to Gradle in an attempt to workaround problems with command line argument parsing on Windows 10.
* Fixed some invalid calls to Unity APIs from threads, when using .NET 4.x which is added in Unity 2017.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed file download in Unity 2017.2.
## Version 4.2.0 - Oct 2, 2017
* (iOS) Fixed incorrect processing of framework modulemap files which resulted in the wrong link flags being generated when Cocoapod project integration is enabled.
* (Android) Added support for Google Play services dependency resolution when including multiple plugins (e.g AdMob, Google Play Games services) that require different versions of Google Play services.
* (Android) Fixed Android dependency resolution when local project paths contain spaces.
* (Android) Fixed race condition in Android Resolver which could cause a hang when running auto-resolution.
* (Android) Forced Android Gradle resolution process to not use the Gradle daemon to improve reliability of the process.
* (Android) Added a check for at least JDK 8 when running Android dependency resolution.
* Fixed MonoPInvokeCallbackAttribute incorrectly being added to the root namespace causing incompatibility with plugins like slua.
### Analytics
* Fixed bug which prevented the user ID and user properties being cleared.
### Authentication
* (iOS) Phone authentication no longer requires push notifications. When push notifications aren't available, reCAPTCHA verification is used instead.
* Added more specific error codes for failed operations.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed issue where user authentication tokens are ignored if the application uses the database API before initializing authentication.
### FCM
* Messages sent to users can now contain a link URL.
* (Android) Fixed a bug which prevented the message ID field.
## Version 4.1.0 - Aug 23, 2017
* Updated to iOS 4.1.0 SDK, Android 11.2.0 SDK and C++ 4.1.0 SDK.
* (iOS) Fixed iOS build with Cocoapod Project integration enabled. This affected all iOS builds when using Unity 5.5 or below or when using Unity Cloud Build.
* (iOS) Fixed issue which prevented the use of Unity Cloud Build with Unity 5.6 and above. Unity Cloud Build does not open generated Xcode workspaces so we force Cocoapod Project integration in the Unity Cloud Build environment.
* (iOS) Fixed spurious errors on initialization of FirebaseApp.
### Authentication
* (Android) An exception is now thrown if you call `GetCredential` without creating an `Auth` instance.
### FCM
* (Android) Fixed a bug resulting in `FirebaseMessage` objects not having their `MessageType` field populated.
* (iOS) Fixed a race condition if a message is received before Firebase Cloud Messaging is initialized.
* (iOS) Fixed a bug detecting whether the notification was opened if the app was running in the background.
### Remote Config
* When listing keys, the list now includes keys with defaults set, even if they were not present in the fetched config.
## Version 4.0.3 - Aug 1, 2017
* Added support for .NET 4.x in the System.Task implementation used by the SDK. The VersionHandler editor plugin is now used to switch Task implementations based upon the selected .NET version.
* Fixed root cert installation failure if Firebase is initialized after other network operations are performed by an application.
* Improved native shared library name mangling when targeting Linux.
* (iOS) Fixed an issue which resulted in custom options not being applied to FirebaseApp instances.
* (iOS) Fixed a bug which caused method implementation look ups to fail when other iOS SDKs rename the selectors of swizzled methods. This could result in a hang on startup when using some iOS SDKs.
### Dynamic Links
* (Android) Fixed task completion if short link creation fails.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue where a list larger than approximately 1kb will fail to synchronize changes correctly.
* Fixed a bug that caused database connections to fail when using the .NET 4.x framework in Unity 2017 on OSX.
### FCM
* (iOS) Fixed message handling when messages they are received via the direct channel to the FCM backend (i.e not via APNS).
## Version 4.0.2 - Jul 7, 2017
* (Android) Fixed native libraries not being included in built APKs when using the internal build system in Unity 2017.
### Analytics
* (Android) Fixed an issue which caused Analytics to be included in builds without the Analytics plugin.
* Fixed `SetCurrentScreen` to work from any thread.
### Authentication
* (iOS) Fixed an issue which incorrectly invalidated the current user if credential linking fails.
### Dynamic Links
* Fixed an issue which caused an app to sometimes crash or not receive a Dynamic Link if it's opened when the app is installed and not running.
### FCM
* (Android) Fixed the `AndroidManifest.xml` to work with version 25 and above of the Android SDK tools and support library.
* (iOS) Fixed a crash when no notification event is registered.
* Fixed token notification event occasionally being raised twice with the same token.
## Version 4.0.1 - Jun 16, 2017
### FCM
* (Android): Fixed crash when updating Google Play services in projects that include the FCM functionality.
* (iOS): Fixed an issue where library would crash on start up if there was no registration token.
### Dynamic Links and Invites
* (iOS) Fixed an issue which caused an app to not receive a Dynamic Link if it's opened when the app is installed and not running.
## Version 4.0.0 - Jun 9, 2017
* (Android) Fixed crash in some circumstances after resolving dependencies by updating Google Play services.
* (iOS) Added support for CocoaPod builds that use Xcode workspaces in Unity 5.6 and above.
* (iOS) Fixed CocoaPod version pinning which was broken in 3.0.3 causing the SDK to pull in the most recent Firebase iOS SDK rather than the correct version for the current Unity SDK release.
### Authentication
* Added support for phone number authentication.
* Added the ability to retrieve user metadata.
* Moved token notification to a separate token changed event.
### Dynamic Links
* Added a standalone plugin separate from Invites.
### Invites
* (iOS) Fixed an issue in the analytics SDK's method swizzling which resulted in dynamic links / invites not being sent to the application.
### FCM
* (Android) Fixed a regression introduced in 3.0.3 which caused a crash when opening up a notification when the app is running in the background.
* (iOS) Fixed interoperation with other users of local notifications.
## Version 3.0.3 - May 11, 2017
### Authentication
* Fixed a crash caused by a stale memory reference when a `firebase::auth::Auth` object is destroyed and then recreated for the same `App` object.
* Fixed a potential memory corruption when `AuthStateListener` is destroyed.
* (Editor) Fixed an occasional crash in the Unity editor when using authentication sign-in methods.
## Version 3.0.2 - May 9, 2017
* (Android) Fixed an unhandled exception that occurs if `FirebaseApp` creation fails due to an out-of-date Google Play services version.
* (Android) Fixed a crash in the Google Play services updater that occurred when clicking outside of the dialog on Android 4.x devices.
* (Android Editor) Fixed referenced Android dependencies in the Maven plugin where the Project Object Model file (`pom.xml`) references a specific version using a range expression.
* (Android Editor) Fixed the resolution of Android dependencies when the bundle ID is modified.
* (iOS Editor) Improved compatibility with Cocoapods support in Unity 5.6, required to use the GoogleVR iOS SDK.
### Authentication
* Fixed user being invalidated when linking credential fails.
* Fixed an occasional crash when events are fired. This could manifest in a crash when signing in.
* Deprecated FirebaseUser.RefreshToken.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue which caused the application to manually refresh the auth token.
### FCM
* (Android) Resolved an issue which caused an app to receive an empty message when a notification is received while the app is in the background and user then taps on the app icon rather than the notification.
### Invites
* (iOS) Fixed an issue which resulted in the app delegate method application:openURL:sourceApplication:annotation: not being called when linking the invites library. This caused the Facebook SDK login flow to fail.
## Version 3.0.1 - March 15, 2017
* (Android) Fixed Google Play Services checker on Android. Previously when Google Play Services was out of date, FirebaseApp.CheckDependencies() incorrectly returned DependencyStatus.Available.
* (Android) Added check for auto-resolution being enabled in the Android Resolver editor plugin. If auto-resolution is disabled by the user or by another plugin (e.g Google Play Games), the user is warned about the configuration problem and given the opportunity to fix it.
* (Android) Fixed single architecture builds when using Gradle.
* (Android) Resolved an issue which caused the READ_PHONE_STATE permission to be requested.
## Version 3.0.0 - February 27, 2017
* Added link.xml files to allow byte stripping to be enabled.
* Fixed issues with Android builds when targeting a single ABI.
* Added process of cleaning stale / moved files when upgrading to a newer version of the editor plugin.
* Fixed minor issue in the editor plugin with the Firebase window not being repainted as Firebase configuration files are added to or removed from a project.
* Bundle ID selection dialog for iOS and Android is now displayed when the project bundle ID doesn't match the Firebase configuration.
* (iOS) Added automated CocoaPod tool installation and improved Pod tool detection when using RVM. This enables iOS projects to build with Unity Cloud Build.
* (iOS) Added support for pods that reference static libraries.
* (Android) Added experimental support for building with Proguard stripping enabled.
* (Android) Fixed Android package (AAR) synchronization when the project bundle ID is modified.
* (Android) Fixed clean up of stale AAR dependencies when users change Android SDK versions.
* (Android) Jar Resolver now remembers—for the editor session—which AARs to keep when new AARs are available compared to what is included in a project.
* (Android) Added support for projects that use Google Play Services at different versions.
* Added fake—but valid—JWT in the Authentication stub used when building for the desktop.
### Authentication
* Added `SetCurrentScreen()` method.
* Fixed race condition when accessing user properties.
### Realtime Database
* Resolved issue where large queries resulted in empty results.
* Fixed an issue which prevented saving boolean values.
### Cloud Storage
* Fixed a bug which prevented download URLs from containing slashes.
* (iOS) Fixed a bug on iOS which caused networking to fail when the full .NET 2.0 compatibility level is used.
### FCM
* (iOS) Fixed issue with initialization on iOS that caused problems with other SDKs.
### Invites
* (iOS) Fixed issue with initialization on iOS that caused problems with other SDKs.
## Version 1.1.2 - February 6, 2017
* Fixed a potential deadlock when running callbacks registered via `Task.ContinueWith()`.
### Authentication
* (Android) Fixed an error in `Firebase.Auth.FirebaseUser.PhotoUrl`.
### FCM
* (iOS) Removed hard dependency on Xcode 8.
* (Android) Fixed an issue where the application would receive an empty message on startup.
## Version 1.1.1 - January 18, 2017
* Fixed an issue in the editor plugin that caused an exception to be thrown when the project bundle ID didn't match a bundle ID in the Android configuration file (google-services.json).
* Fixed a bug in the editor plugin that caused a stack overflow when multiple iOS configuration files (`GoogleServices-Info.plist`) are present in a project.
### Authentication
* (Android) Fixed an issue that caused a `Task` to never complete when signing in while a user is already signed in.
* Renamed the `Auth.UserProfile.ProtoUri` property to `Auth.UserProfile.ProtoUrl` to be consistent with the other URL properties across the SDK.
### FCM
* (iOS) Fixed an issue with method swizzling that caused some of the application's `UIApplicationDelegate` methods to not be called.
### Invites
* (iOS) Fixed an issue with method swizzling that caused some of the application's `UIApplicationDelegate` methods to not be called.
## Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue that prevented saving floating point values.
## Cloud Storage
* The Cloud Storage plugin was using a Unity API that is only present in Unity 5.4. We have modified the component so that it is now backwards compatible with previous versions of Unity.
## Version 1.1.0 - December 9th, 2016
* The editor plugin now reads the Java SDK location from the Unity editor preferences.
* The editor plugin now scans all google-services.json and GoogleService-Info.plist files selects the config file matching the project's bundle ID.
* Error messages in the editor plugin now report more common configuration problems.
* (Android) Improved the performance of AAR / JAR resolution when the Android config is selected and auto-resolution is enabled.
* Fixed a bug that caused event routing to fail when a Unity scene transition occurs.
* Fixed a build configuration problem that prevented builds in Visual Studio.
* (Android) Proguard is not integrated into Android builds, but you can manually integrate the Proguard files included with the Unity SDK into Android app builds. These Proguard files are found in AAR files matching the following pattern in each Unity package: `Firebase/m2repository/com/google/firebase/firebase-*-unity/*firebase-*.srcaar`
* (Android) Incompatible AARs are not resolved correctly when building for Android. This can require manual intervention when using multiple plugins. A workaround is documented on the AdMob Unity plugin issue tracker.
### Cloud Storage
* Added a Unity plugin for Cloud Storage. To get started, see Get Started with Cloud Storage for Unity
### Analytics
* Fixed crash when logging arrays of parameters.
### Authentication
* Modified stub implementation so that all operations now succeed rather than raise exceptions.
### Realtime Database
* Fixed an issue that caused null events to not be reported.
* Fixed an issue that caused unsubscription from complex queries to fail.
* Fixed an issue that caused service account authentication to fail in the editor.
* Added a link.xml rule to prevent Firebase.Database.Unity being stripped from iOS builds.
### FCM
* Fixed an issue that prevented subscription to topics.
* (iOS) Fixed an issue that caused random hangs during initialization on iOS.
* (Android) Modified the AndroidManifest.xml so that the app icon is included on Android.
* (Android) Fixed an issue that caused an exception when receiving messages with empty payloads on Android.
### Dynamic Links and Invites
* Modified stub implementation so that all operations now succeed rather than raise exceptions.
* Fixed an issue that caused a crash when opening a link.
* (iOS) Fixed an issue that caused random hangs during initialization on iOS.
## Version 1.0.1 - November 18th, 2016
* Fixed Realtime Database restricted access from the Unity Editor on Windows.
* (iOS) Fixed load and build errors when iOS support is not installed.
* (iOS) Fixed an issue that prevented the creation of multiple `FirebaseApp` instances and customization of the default instance.
* (iOS) Fixed an issue with pod tool discovery when the Ruby Gem binary directory is modified from the default location.
* (Android) Removed all dependencies on Python resource generation on Windows.
* (Android) Fixed problems when building with the IL2CPP scripting backend.
## Version 1.0.0 - November 7th, 2016
This initial release of the Firebase Unity SDK includes support for Analytics,
Authentication, Realtime Database, Invites, Dynamic Links and Remote Config.
To get started, see Adding Firebase to your Unity Project.
* Proguard is not integrated into Android builds, but you can manually integrate the Proguard files included with the Unity SDK into Android app builds. These Proguard files are found in AAR files matching the following pattern in each Unity package: `Firebase/m2repository/com/google/firebase/firebase-*-unity/*firebase-*.srcaar`
Send feedback
Except as otherwise noted, the content of this page is licensed under the
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License, and code samples are licensed under
the Apache 2.0 License. For details, see the Google Developers Site Policies.
Java is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Last updated 2023-02-08 UTC.
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# What Is Fintech? Is It a Good Career Path?
* Report this post
Get Ahead by LinkedIn News
### Get Ahead by LinkedIn News
Published Oct 6, 2022
\+ Follow
By Mariah Flores
In Brief: (1) Fintech describes new tech that seeks to streamline the delivery
and use of financial services. (2) A disruptive, impactful sector with a wide
variety of jobs, all aimed at making a difference. (3) Prepare for a fintech
career by connecting with current fintech professionals, finding your niche
and ideal company, and building your knowledge of technical concepts.
Looking for a new career path in a fast-growing finance and technology
industry? Have an interest in making an impact within the financial world?
Need a professional outlet for your many transferable skills? Consider a
career within fintech, an industry sector that gained popularity and increased
recognition during the COVID-19 pandemic. As one of the fastest-growing job
sectors within finance, the fintech job growth rate is expected to hit 25% in
the next couple of years. With so many job opportunities, fintech is
undoubtedly a sector worth exploring.
## Defining Fintech
Before we dive into fintech as a career path, let’s define the term. The term
gets tossed around a lot, with several interpretations out there depending on
the person.
As you can probably discern, “fintech” is a clever, yet explanatory, mashup of
the words “finance” and “technology”. It is simply an abbreviation for
financial technology. Per Investopedia, financial technology, or fintech, is
used to describe “new tech that seeks to improve and automate the delivery and
use of financial services”. This sector includes cryptocurrency development
and use, like Bitcoin. Fintech also includes other sectors and industries,
from education and retail banking to fundraising and investment management.
A person conducts online banking, a form of fintech, from their cellular
device.
“Fintech is the use of technology to improve financial services for consumers
and businesses. Fintech touches all of us who use mobile apps or websites to
make payments, apply for loans, invest, buy crypto, or budget our money — to
name a few use cases. The fintech industry has experienced incredible growth
because consumers expect speed, automation and immediacy in this digital age.
The pandemic was also a huge catalyst for fintech adoption since people and
businesses needed a way to transact with less face-to-face or brick-and-mortar
interaction.”
— Cindy Snow is a fintech strategy consultant at MX.
## Fintech as a Career Path
Making a (disruptive) difference in people’s lives: One of the biggest draws
to fintech is one’s ability to make a direct impact on people’s lives. With
more people leaning toward future-forward financial services, fintech
professionals are not only helping major financial institutions, but also
business owners, corporate entities, and the everyday, average consumers.
“Devoted to optimizing the way that consumers interact with their financial
life, fintech now plays an increasingly significant role in our digital
lives,” writes Columbia University. If you’re interested in making a
disruptive change within the financial realm, fintech may be the perfect place
for you.
And if not, don’t worry because there’s a whole world of careers awaiting you.
“Yes! Fintech is an incredibly exciting career path right now. It is changing
constantly to meet the needs of consumers and businesses. If you are someone
who enjoys learning and solving problems that impact people’s daily lives,
fintech is a good opportunity to do that.”
— Cindy Snow
“I love being in the fintech space. I think it's a lot of fun. It's exciting.
It's challenging. It's fresh, it's new, it's forward thinking. We're solving
big problems, but it really depends on how you're wired. So I wouldn't say
everyone should get a job in fintech. It really depends. What's important to
you? What are you passionate about? What do you know? It's important to be in
that space.”
— Derek N.H. Notman, CFP is a fintech founder on a mission to transform the
financial services profession & industry with Couplr, Conneqtor, and Rethink.
Wide variety of roles (not just finance or technology): Okay, so you may be
thinking, “Fintech sounds amazing, but I have no professional background in
finance or tech.” Like many other sectors and industries, fintech is not only
limited to stereotypical jobs like software engineers or blockchain
developers. It takes all sorts of professionals to ensure that a fintech
company is successful. Fintech is a great way to utilize your transferable
skills and pivot into an exciting new career, given that there are so many
ways to get into the sector.
“There is a wide spectrum of jobs available for people interested in fintech.
Of course, fintech companies need highly technical roles such as software
engineers to build the products, integration specialists who can help banks
and companies connect and embed the products via API, and dev ops people to
manage the systems. In addition to the tech teams, fintechs need product
management, customer support, marketing, PR, sales, partnerships, technical
writing, account management for B2B, strategists, and business/data
analytics.”
— Cindy Snow
Sales is becoming increasingly hot within the fintech space.
A fintech sales employee smiles while on a call with a client.
“There's a lot of sales opportunities there [in fintech] as well. Because at
the end of the day, the best tech, fintech or other tech, for the most part,
is tech that enables better human connections, better human outcomes. So we
need sales to do that. We need people to tell the story. So whether you're a
tech, more of a technologist and you want to code and build products, that's
awesome. There's a ton of opportunity there, but then also there's a lot of
sales opportunity”
— Derek N.H. Notman, CFP
## Pursuing a Career in Fintech
There’s no direct pathway to a career in fintech. You could work in any area
of fintech, including: roboadvisors, investment apps, peer-to-peer (P2P)
lending, crypto apps, digital payments and more. If this is a professional
field that you’re really passionate about getting into, Snow recommends
immersing yourself by subscribing to free industry newsletters and podcasts.
She also advises reaching out to folks currently in the space for
informational interviews, along with building your knowledge of technical
concepts such as APIs and how systems work together to exchange information
and data.
Fintech is a unique space, says Notman, with so many avenues for growth and
change, especially in regard to startups. In addition to finding a fintech
company you can align with from “a philosophical level, values level, culture,
and community level,” try to find a niche and be prepared for possible
innovation.
“Fintech is an exciting field because money touches all of us and is an
integral part of our lives. Fintech is a very broad industry that includes
everything from buying and selling crypto, to neobanking, to budgeting
software. You could work for fintech companies that develop these products,
banks that partner and integrate with the fintechs, or B2B companies that
provide infrastructure and data to fintechs. There are so many ways to provide
value and participate in an industry that has the potential to reach people
who have traditionally been excluded from financial services.”
— Cindy Snow
## Explore more
* Despite the venture slowdown, fintech startups are still hiring by Mary Ann Azevedo for TechCrunch
* The Future Of Business To Business Banking: Fintech 50 2022 by Kevin Dowd for Forbes
* How Fintech Is Disrupting Wealth Management by Investopedia
* Fintech 50 2022: The Newcomers by Nina Bambysheva, Margherita Beale, Jason Bisnoff, Isabel Contreras, Michael del Castillo, Kevin Dowd, Steven Ehrlich, Jeff Kauflin, Jonathan Ponciano and Hank Tucker for Forbes
* The Fintech 50 2022 by Nina Bambysheva, Margherita Beale, Jason Bisnoff, Isabel Contreras, Michael del Castillo, Kevin Dowd, Steven Ehrlich, Jeff Kauflin, Jonathan Ponciano and Hank Tucker for Forbes
* What is Fintech? by Stephanie Walden for Forbes
## Meet the experts
Derek N.H. Notman, CFP is a fintech founder on a mission to transform the
financial services profession & industry with Couplr, Conneqtor, and Rethink.
Cindy Snow is a fintech strategy consultant at MX.
Uncover more great insights to help navigate your career in our workplace
content hub.
14 3 Comments
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H. Adam Holt, CFP®, ChFC®
nice! fintech journey!!!
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4mo
* Report this comment
Derek N.H. Notman, CFP®
This was a fun way to share some insights from my fintech journey thus far,
thank you Get Ahead by LinkedIn News & Mariah Flores for the opportunity!
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4mo
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Mariah Flores
Of course- thank you Derek for sharing your fintech journey!
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4mo
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## More articles by this author
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*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
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*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
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*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
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*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
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*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
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Cái giá phải trả cho một chiếc máy của tương lai, anh em cố nhé, ad cày tiếp
đây :D #Tinhte #fold #samsunggalaxy https://tinhte.vn/threads/thong-ke-anh-em-
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*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
|
spiderum_text/5379 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
## Documentation
Guides GitHub open_in_new
## Documentation
Guides GitHub open_in_new
* Project expand_less
* Home
* Authentication
* Realtime Database
* Cloud Storage
* Cloud Firestore
* Upgrade to v2.0
* Upgrade to v3.0
* Upgrade to v4.0
* Upgrade to v5.0
* Upgrade to v6.0
* Upgrade to v7.0
* Upgrade to v8.0
* Open Source expand_more
* Firebase expand_more
# FirebaseUI for Android — UI Bindings for Firebase
link firebaseui-ioslink firebaseui-web
star
4484
access_time
about 1 month ago
code
View Source
bug_report
File Bug
Contents Usage Installation Dependencies Sample app Snapshot builds
FirebaseOpensource.com Actions Status
FirebaseUI is an open-source library for Android that allows you to quickly
connect common UI elements to Firebase APIs.
A compatible FirebaseUI client is also available for iOS.
## Usage
FirebaseUI has separate modules for using Firebase Realtime Database, Cloud
Firestore, Firebase Auth, and Cloud Storage. To get started, see the
individual instructions for each module:
* FirebaseUI Auth
* FirebaseUI Firestore
* FirebaseUI Database
* FirebaseUI Storage
## Installation
FirebaseUI is published as a collection of libraries separated by the Firebase
API they target. Each FirebaseUI library has a transitive dependency on the
appropriate Firebase SDK so there is no need to include those separately in
your app.
In your `app/build.gradle` file add a dependency on one of the FirebaseUI
libraries.
dependencies {
// FirebaseUI for Firebase Realtime Database
implementation 'com.firebaseui:firebase-ui-database:8.0.2'
// FirebaseUI for Cloud Firestore
implementation 'com.firebaseui:firebase-ui-firestore:8.0.2'
// FirebaseUI for Firebase Auth
implementation 'com.firebaseui:firebase-ui-auth:8.0.2'
// FirebaseUI for Cloud Storage
implementation 'com.firebaseui:firebase-ui-storage:8.0.2'
}
If you're including the `firebase-ui-auth` dependency, there's a little more
setup required.
After the project is synchronized, we're ready to start using Firebase
functionality in our app.
### Upgrading
If you are using an old version of FirebaseUI and upgrading, please see the
appropriate migration guide:
* Upgrade from 7.2.0 to 8.x.x
* Upgrade from 6.4.0 to 7.x.x
* Upgrade from 5.1.0 to 6.x.x
* Upgrade from 4.3.2 to 5.x.x
* Upgrade from 3.3.1 to 4.x.x
* Upgrade from 2.3.0 to 3.x.x
* Upgrade from 1.2.0 to 2.x.x
## Dependencies
### Compatibility with Firebase / Google Play Services libraries
FirebaseUI libraries have the following transitive dependencies on the
Firebase SDK:
firebase-ui-auth
|--- com.google.firebase:firebase-auth
|--- com.google.android.gms:play-services-auth
firebase-ui-database
|--- com.google.firebase:firebase-database
firebase-ui-firestore
|--- com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore
firebase-ui-storage
|--- com.google.firebase:firebase-storage
You can see the specific dependencies associated with each release on the
Releases page.
### Upgrading dependencies
If you would like to use a newer version of one of FirebaseUI's transitive
dependencies, such as Firebase, Play services, or the Android support
libraries, you need to add explicit `implementation` declarations in your
`build.gradle` for all of FirebaseUI's dependencies at the version you want to
use. Here are some examples listing all of the critical dependencies:
#### Auth
implementation "com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:$X.Y.Z"
implementation "com.google.android.gms:play-services-auth:$X.Y.Z"
implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-extensions:$X.Y.Z"
implementation "androidx.browser:browser:$X.Y.Z"
implementation "androidx.cardview:cardview:$X.Y.Z"
implementation "androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:$X.Y.Z"
implementation "androidx.legacy:legacy-support-v4:$X.Y.Z"
implementation "com.google.android.material:material:$X.Y.Z"
#### Firestore
implementation "com.google.firebase:firebase-firestore:$X.Y.Z"
implementation "androidx.legacy:legacy-support-v4:$X.Y.Z"
implementation "androidx.recyclerview:recyclerview:$X.Y.Z"
#### Realtime Database
implementation "com.google.firebase:firebase-database:$X.Y.Z"
implementation "androidx.legacy:legacy-support-v4:$X.Y.Z"
implementation "androidx.recyclerview:recyclerview:$X.Y.Z"
#### Storage
implementation "com.google.firebase:firebase-storage:$X.Y.Z"
implementation "androidx.legacy:legacy-support-v4:$X.Y.Z"
## Sample app
There is a sample app in the `app/` directory that demonstrates most of the
features of FirebaseUI. Load the project in Android Studio and run it on your
Android device to see a demonstration.
Before you can run the sample app, you must create a project in the Firebase
console. Add an Android app to the project, and copy the generated google-
services.json file into the `app/` directory. Also enable anonymous
authentication for the Firebase project, since some components of the sample
app requires it.
If you encounter a version incompatibility error between Android Studio and
Gradle while trying to run the sample app, try disabling the Instant Run
feature of Android Studio. Alternatively, update Android Studio and Gradle to
their latest versions.
A note on importing the project using Android Studio: Using 'Project from
Version Control' will not automatically link the project with Gradle (issue
#1349). When doing so and opening any `build.gradle.kts` file, an error shows
up: `Project 'FirebaseUI-Android' isn't linked with Gradle`. To resolve this
issue, please `git checkout` the project manually and import with `Import from
external model`.
## Snapshot builds
Like to live on the cutting edge? Want to try the next release of FirebaseUI
before anyone else? FirebaseUI hosts "snapshot" builds on oss.jfrog.org.
Just add the following to your `build.gradle`:
repositories {
maven { url "https://oss.jfrog.org/artifactory/oss-snapshot-local" }
}
Then you can depend on snapshot versions:
implementation 'com.firebaseui:firebase-ui-auth:$X.Y.Z-SNAPSHOT'
You can see which `SNAPSHOT` builds are avaiable here:
https://oss.jfrog.org/webapp/#/artifacts/browse/tree/General/oss-snapshot-
local/com/firebaseui
Snapshot builds come with absolutely no guarantees and we will close any
issues asking to troubleshoot a snapshot report unless they identify a bug
that should block the release launch. Experiment at your own risk!
This page was generated approximately about 14 hours ago.
For copyright and licensing details please see the LICENSE file.
*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate. Executive Order 135 §6 states that for "census years" (years divisible by 10) the reference date would be May 1st, but for all other years, the reference date is to be the "middle of the year". This means that growth rates, although correct, are not necessarily simple year-on-year comparisons.
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
*[11:24 ngày 21/2/23]:
*[18:45 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[14:42 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[17:56 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[11:21 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[11:39 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[11:35 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[08:31 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[14:01 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[13:28 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[12:15 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[08:44 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[Ref.]: References
*[PSGC]: Philippine Standard Geographic Code
*[SEC]: Securities and Exchange Commission
*[RTC]: Regional Trial Court
*[Crim.]: Criminal
*[ BBC ]: British Broadcasting Corporation
*[Barangay]: Total number of barangays
*[(DK)]: Denmark
*[(NO)]: Norway
*[(GB)]: United Kingdom
*[(IL)]: Israel
*[(FI)]: Finland
*[(HU)]: Hungary
*[(AU)]: Australia
*[(US)]: United States
*[(CA)]: Canada
*[(MU)]: Mauritius
*[(BB)]: Barbados
*[(KR)]: South Korea
*[(PK)]: Pakistan
*[(MR)]: Mauritania
|
spiderum_text/1267 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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Everything you need to get anything done, now in one place. For product
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Mountain View, CAworkspace.google.comJoined October 2008
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Jan 18
The new year is the perfect time to refresh and plan ahead for success. Tell
us your plans in the comments. → https://goo.gle/3VISJEJ
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Make sure you accept your Calendar invite and hop on #GoogleMeet, so you don’t
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These #GoogleWorkspace apps think they’re the one for you. Let us know which
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TFW #GoogleWorkspace is your Valentine… 💌 Hey! It’s not sad, we love ourselves
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Feb 13
Sending work emails on a date is not romantic. Let vacation responder be your
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A Gmail Out of Office Auto-Reply scheduled for February 14th with the Subject
Line that reads, "Valentine's Day," and an Auto-reply that reads, "Hello, I am
currently OOO, as I am on a very romantic date. If it is urgent, please
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Feb 13
Congratulations to the #Chiefs on an incredible win yesterday! →
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Google Form poll asking, "What was your favorite moment from the Big Game?"
with multiple choice answers including "Rihanna's half-time performance,"
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What are you looking forward to this week? Let us know in the comments! 👇
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Busy week ahead! What’s on your #GoogleCalendar? → https://goo.gle/3Cx3EL0
A Google Calendar that displays events taking place this week, February 12-17,
2023. The events are: Sunday, February 12th "The Big Game," Monday, February
13th "Clean Out Your Computer Day," Tuesday, February 14th three heart emojis
are displayed, Wednesday, February 15th "Full Swing Released on Netflix,"
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Hey, #GoogleWorkspace Admins! Make sure to check out the community blog for
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Don’t forget to celebrate your women and girls in STEM this weekend! 👩🔬
#InternationalDayofWomenandGirlsinScience
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Feb 10
Here’s to all the women and girls making an impact in STEM-related fields! 🔬 →
https://goo.gle/3i8OgNX
A Google Calendar event for the "International Day of Women and Girls in
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Feb 10
We’re not ones to keep true love on read.
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Feb 10
Roses are red The #GoogleDocs logo is blue By the time you opened this email
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A Gmail notification with a subject line that reads, "Find your soulmate
inside this email."
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Feb 10
Take your team's collaboration to the next level by using #GoogleMeet in Docs,
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Feb 10
#GooglePartner
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has the best tips to get you organized for 2023 with #GoogleCalendar in
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Feb 9
We don’t carry water for any astrological sign in particular, but we strongly
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Feb 9
A #GoogleDrive this organized deserves a touchdown celebration. Don’t care if
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Essential skills for Football. Speed, strength and #GoogleDrive organization 🙊
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When it comes to family travel plans,
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Got family to pick up at the airport? Have them forward their flight info to
your @gmail! You can set up #GoogleCalendar to automatically add flight info
so you get there right on time. → https://goo.gle/3Cx3EL0
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Whooooooo loves the latest addition to the #GoogleSheets art gallery? 🙋🦉 →
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Have questions about the Google Currents migration to Spaces? Join us on
February 23rd to learn details on the migration and new upcoming Spaces
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#ICYMI: The January #GoogleWorkspace Customer Newsletter is out! Get a summary
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We've heard questions from users regarding challenges with calling in
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Join Wainhouse Research and #GoogleMeet for a discussion on hybrid work and
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Wainhouse Live! From the Show Floor with Google at ISE 2023
Wainhouse Live! From the Show Floor with Google at ISE 2023
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Feb 6
The single best way to thank any coworker, in our opinion, is more concise
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In the upper left corner, the text reads "What I Say" with a Gmail message
thanking a coworker for finishing a project earlier than expected in the upper
right corner. In the lower-left corner, the text reads "What I'm actually
thinking" with a Gmail message thanking the coworker for making room for the
three new projects from the client in the lower right corner.
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Feb 6
Clearly show that you will not be able to make that 8am meeting.
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Help out anyone who wants to schedule meetings with you to know when you’re
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When words aren't enough, try using an emoji 👍 In-meeting reactions are now
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Feb 3
A very helpful feature if you need to chase someone down for editing
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Feb 2
Want to trace a shared file to its owner? Look in "shared with me" to see who
gave you access. → https://goo.gle/3IltncN
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Feb 3
It's a bold move. Wonder how Ms. Johnson will respond.
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Feb 3
We’re worried about Stumpers. Dogs really shouldn't be eating RAM. →
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Gmail Inbox with an drafting email written to Ms. Johnson with the subject
title "My Dog Ate My Homework"
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Feb 3
Learn how to use spaces in #GoogleChat to create online communities with
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Feb 3
It’s already looking like another busy month! #GoogleWorkspace will always be
here to help keep you on track
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Google Calendar
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·
Feb 2
Is there anything more satisfying than flipping over to a new month in your
calendar? → https://goo.gle/3Cx3EL0
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22
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Google Workspace
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·
Feb 2
Good notes are organized notes, and our templates help you create and maintain
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·
Feb 1
Remember, good note taking isn’t just dictation. You’ve gotta highlight what’s
important and why. → https://goo.gle/3WF3NUg
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Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
Feb 2
Read our productivity guide for tips on using #GoogleWorkspace to maximize
your administrative skills 💪 → https://goo.gle/3RqFBDs
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Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
Feb 2
Here's 4 tips to boost focus in the world of hybrid work from Google's
productivity advisor 👉 https://goo.gle/3WYXrPa
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Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
Feb 2
In
@googledocs
, an emoji reaction is worth 1000 words 😉 Learn more → https://goo.gle/3VTYhMF
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Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
Feb 1
Are you ready to bring your epic moments into the spotlight? #SamsungUnpacked
is now LIVE.
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Samsung Galaxy Unpacked February 2023: Official Livestream
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Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
Feb 1
Create custom templates for Docs, Sheets, Slides and more in #GoogleWorkspace
→ https://goo.gle/3HuJyCS
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Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
Feb 1
Mission: Very possible. Very private.
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Gmail
@gmail
·
Jan 31
Your mission, should you choose to accept it, is to ensure that your emails
are read only by approved personnel, and only for an approved period of time,
by activating confidential mode on #Gmail → https://goo.gle/3vHB85j
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Google Cloud
@googlecloud
·
Jan 31
Mark your calendars 📅 #GoogleCloudNext is back and in person August 29–31.
Join us for a week of insights, customer success stories, product demos, and
more. In the meantime, revisit last year’s keynote with
@ThomasOrTK
→ https://goo.gle/3X0UMVq
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Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
Jan 31
Learn how #AppSheet continues to grow as a low-code platform market leader and
how it plans to stay there 👉 https://goo.gle/3wAMb0U
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Google Workspace
@GoogleWorkspace
·
Jan 31
While presenting in #GoogleMeet, stay connected and engaged with your audience
using the picture-in-picture feature 🧑💻 Check it out.→
https://goo.gle/3XQctIb
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*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
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*[dd]: day
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*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
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*[±%]: Percent change
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*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
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*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
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*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
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spiderum_text/4539 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
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Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
Tinhte.vn - Cộng đồng công nghệ tại Việt Nam.
Tinhte.vntinhte.vnIscrizione: gennaio 2012
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# Tweet di Tinh tế
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
·
1 mag 2019
Anh em trải nghiệm thử xem có khác biệt không nhé https://tinhte.vn/audio/
https://tinhte.vn/threads/netflix-nang-cap-chat-luong-am-thanh-len-studio-
quality-sound.2953602/…
tinhte.vn
Cộng đồng Hỏi đáp Audio
Cộng đồng Hỏi đáp Audio - Nơi thảo luận và chia sẻ kinh nghiệm
6
1
21
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
·
1 mag 2019
Một Đôi Giày ra phiên bản không dây của dày MỘT để anh em thích đơn giản cảm
thấy đi giày nó đơn giản hơn. Cả mẫu vải và mẫu da đều có bản không dây và
đang được bán trên site http://Motdoigiay.vn. Ngoài việc dùng...
https://tinhte.vn/threads/tren-tay-giay-mot-ban-khong-day.2953387/…
1
12
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
·
1 mag 2019
Mũi Né đẹp lắm đó, bạn nên đi một lần cho biết, nhất là mấy cung đường sát
biển. PS: nhớ dọn rác, đi dọc đường thấy rác, chai, lon bia... bị bỏ lại mà
sót quá, mọi người hãy văn minh hơn nhé #Dulich #MuiNe #PhanThiet #Tinhte
https://tinhte.vn/threads/kinh-nghiem-du-lich-phan-thiet-mui-ne-chay-xe-may-
tham-quan-bau-trang-oc-dao-giua-sa-mac.2952877/…
11
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
·
1 mag 2019
Garmin ra mắt Forerunner 245/245 Music, đồng hồ GPS chuyên chạy bộ tầm trung,
giá 300$ khởi điểm. #garmin #forerunner245music #run
https://tinhte.vn/threads/garmin-ra-mat-forerunner-245-245-music-dong-ho-gps-
tam-trung-danh-cho-chay-bo.2953339/…
5
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
·
1 mag 2019
Anh em biết hết bao nhiêu smartphone có sử dụng cơ chế trượt ?
https://tinhte.vn/threads/hoi-tinh-te-anh-em-da-biet-duoc-bao-nhieu-
smartphone-co-kieu-truot-moi.2953356/…
1
7
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
·
1 mag 2019
Chi cho khổ vậy không biết nữa... #tinhte #lamdep #spa #hiv
https://tinhte.vn/threads/2-nguoi-nhiem-hiv-hang-tram-nguoi-co-nguy-co-phoi-
nhiem-do-lam-dep-bang-mat-na-mau.2953312/…
3
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
·
1 mag 2019
Secret Crush chỉ để thả thính với Crush trong list bạn bè. Còn Facebook Dating
sẽ giúp bạn thả thính với "người lạ ơi" :)))) https://tinhte.vn/threads/nhieu-
nguoi-dung-viet-nam-da-co-facebook-dating-giong-voi-tinder.2953214/…
1
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
·
1 mag 2019
Chết vì cái đẹp là có thật, nghĩ cũng thương các chị em thật :(
https://tinhte.vn/threads/2-nguoi-nhiem-hiv-hang-tram-nguoi-co-nguy-co-phoi-
nhiem-do-lam-dep-bang-mat-na-mau.2953312/…
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
·
1 mag 2019
Không nên cố gắng gồng để xem Avengers Endgame quá 3 tiếng nha anh em 😎😎😎😎😎😎😎
không tốt đâu hâhhaha https://tinhte.vn/threads/cach-vuot-qua-hon-3-tieng-
khong-di-toilet-khi-xem-avengers-endgame.2953202/…
1
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
·
1 mag 2019
Không ăn thua #pixel3 #endgame #google #avangers
https://tinhte.vn/threads/duoc-sieu-anh-hung-dung-trong-phim-nhung-
pixel-3-van-e.2953353/…
1
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
·
1 mag 2019
Pin nhiều quá cũng không hẳn là tốt. https://tinhte.vn/threads/dien-thoai-
energizer-pin-18000mah-goi-von-that-bai-tren-indiegogo-chi-dat-1-muc-tieu-dat-
ra.2953067/…
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
·
1 mag 2019
Gảmin giới thiệu Forerunner 945, đồng hồ GPS cao cấp chuyên cho chạy bộ và ba
môn phối hợp. #garmin #forerunner #run #triathlon
https://tinhte.vn/threads/garmin-ra-mat-forerunner-945-dong-ho-gps-cao-cap-
cho-chay-bo-va-ba-mon-phoi-hop.2953149/…
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
·
1 mag 2019
Vẫn chưa biết như nào, nhìn hình đoán coi sao anh em? #Tinhte #Samsunggalaxy
#S105G https://tinhte.vn/threads/han-quoc-nguoi-dung-noi-s10-5g-bong-dung-bi-
chay-samsung-noi-do-tac-dong-ben-ngoai.2953299/…
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
·
1 mag 2019
Một ý kiến khác Và hàng trăm người cmt chia sẻ chung ý kiến. #endgame
https://tinhte.vn/threads/vua-di-coi-phim-endgame-ve-qua-suc-binh-thuong-co-
khi-duoi-trung-binh.2952734/…
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
·
1 mag 2019
Dẫm phải đinh gỉ có phải là chết chắc rồi không?
https://tinhte.vn/threads/dam-phai-dinh-gi-set-co-bi-uon-van-hay-
khong.2953228/page-2…
1
2
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
·
1 mag 2019
Đỡ ngại, add crush rồi đợi crush add lại thôi :)) Mà Facebook cho bạn tới 9
crush lận, hụt người này còn người khác dự phòng, thâm nho thậtttt #Facebook
#SecretCrush #Tinhte https://tinhte.vn/threads/facebook-secret-crush-them-
nguoi-ban-tham-thich-ho-se-duoc-thong-bao-neu-cung-thich-lai-ban.2953221/…
3
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
·
30 apr 2019
Facebook sắp tới sẽ rất khác so với những gì bạn đang biết ngày nay. Tập trung
hơn vào các cộng đồng nhỏ nhưng chất lượng, thay vì bung lụa như News Feed
hiện tại #Facebook #F8 #Tinhte https://tinhte.vn/threads/facebook-thiet-ke-
lai-app-tap-trung-vao-group-va-event-2-tinh-nang-duoc-dung-nhieu-
nhat.2953206/…
3
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
·
30 apr 2019
App http://Tinhte.vn 8.0 đã lên bản chính thức!!! \- Thêm tab theo dõi chủ đề
quan tâm cho anh em. \- Giao diện được làm mới hợp lý hơn. \- Post bài dễ dàng
từ trang chủ. \- Push notification ngon lành. Mời anh em tải về dùng nhé! 👍
https://tinhte.vn/threads/da-co-app-tinhte-8-0-ban-chinh-thuc-moi-cac-ban-tai-
ve-su-dung.2952867/…
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
·
30 apr 2019
Từ công nghệ với siêu anh hùng trái đất, Marvel càng lúc càng đi xa quá...
#Marvel #Avengers #Tinhte https://tinhte.vn/threads/the-eternals-nhom-
avengers-ke-tiep-cua-vu-tru-dien-anh-marvel-khong-co-spoil-endgame.2952746/…
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
·
30 apr 2019
Đắt hay rẻ không quan trọng, mà quan trọng là PS5 giá 500 Đô anh em có mua
không, hay để tiền mua PS4 với đống game cũ mà hay? #PS5 #PlayStation #Tinhte
https://tinhte.vn/threads/ps5-chac-chan-se-dat-nhung-con-lau-moi-dat-bang-pc-
choi-game.2949756/…
1
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
·
30 apr 2019
Anh em trong trình beta thì chơi tới nóc nhé! :D #Tinhte #iOS12
https://tinhte.vn/threads/da-co-ios-12-3-beta-4-moi-anh-em-cap-nhat.2952900/…
1
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
·
30 apr 2019
Bán bao nhiêu đó cũng đủ rồi Cook ạ :(. Đến lúc nên cho sẵn vào hộp rồi.
https://tinhte.vn/threads/iphone-moi-se-duoc-tang-cu-sac-18w-usb-c-cap-usb-c-
to-lightning-trong-hop.2952711/…
1
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
·
30 apr 2019
Em cá đào ngũ :D #tinhte #khoahoc #vui https://tinhte.vn/threads/na-uy-phat-
hien-ca-voi-trang-nghi-dao-tau-tu-can-cu-huan-luyen-quan-su-cua-nga.2952762/…
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
·
30 apr 2019
Mời anh em tải app về nhé, link có trong bài iPad và tablet giao diện chưa tối
ưu, dùng tạm rồi bản 8.1 có hỗ trợ tốt hơn nhé anh em
https://tinhte.vn/threads/da-co-app-tinhte-8-0-ban-chinh-thuc-moi-cac-ban-tai-
ve-su-dung.2952867/…
3
6
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
·
30 apr 2019
Quá ngon! #Tinhte #MicrosoftSurface https://tinhte.vn/threads/microsoft-
surface-ban-rat-chay-doanh-thu-hon-1-3-ti-usd-trong-q3.2952753/…
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
·
29 apr 2019
Lễ không làm gì thì nghe nhạc với vào Audio Tinhte đọc bài nha ae :D
https://tinhte.vn/audio/ https://tinhte.vn/threads/tuan-nay-nghe-gi-
homecoming-the-live-album-album-moi-cua-beyonce.2948610/…
tinhte.vn
Cộng đồng Hỏi đáp Audio
Cộng đồng Hỏi đáp Audio - Nơi thảo luận và chia sẻ kinh nghiệm
2
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
·
29 apr 2019
Hack não là có thật :D https://tinhte.vn/threads/kich-thich-dien-vao-nao-
nguoi-cao-tuoi-de-giup-co-kha-nang-nho-nhu-cua-thanh-
nien.2951235/#post-53682123…
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
·
29 apr 2019
Hơn 2 thập niên, huyền thoại vẫn sống :D #Tinhte #casio
https://tinhte.vn/threads/tren-tay-casio-f94w-ca-mot-troi-nho-thuong.2952684/…
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
·
29 apr 2019
Với Gymkit thì Apple là một trong những hãng đầu tiên đưa ra giải pháp hợp
nhất dữ liệu giữa thiết bị đeo được và thiết bị phòng tập để có kết quả đo đạ
chính xác nhất. #watchos #applewatch #gymkit https://tinhte.vn/threads/gymkit-
la-gi-sau-hai-nam-duoc-apple-gioi-thieu-gio-da-ra-sao.2952022/…
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
·
29 apr 2019
Anh vẹt, anh đã bị bắt! Anh có quyền giữ im lặng nhưng từ giờ những gì anh nói
có thể là bằng chứng chống lại anh trước tòa! #Tinhte #vet #vui
https://tinhte.vn/threads/mot-con-vet-bi-canh-sat-bat-do-lam-tay-sai-cho-co-
so-ma-tuy.2952546/…
1
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
·
29 apr 2019
Anh em lưu ý, để k bị đầy bộ nhớ iCloud nhé 😀 #Tinhte #Thuthuat
https://tinhte.vn/threads/co-ban-huong-dan-xoa-hoan-toan-ung-dung-tren-thiet-
bi-ios-de-trong-bo-nho.2950294/…
2
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
·
29 apr 2019
Từ ngày có cái Power Delivery thì sạc đồ thoải mái hơn nhiều. Mua cục nhỏ nhỏ
này lâu lâu cần kíp sạc đỡ cho laptop USB-C luôn!
https://tinhte.vn/threads/tren-tay-cuc-sac-xe-hoi-usb-c-cua-belkin-27w-sac-
duoc-cho-laptop.2951531/…
2
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
·
29 apr 2019
Cái giá phải trả cho một chiếc máy của tương lai, anh em cố nhé, ad cày tiếp
đây :D #Tinhte #fold #samsunggalaxy https://tinhte.vn/threads/thong-ke-anh-em-
viet-phai-lao-dong-9-thang-moi-du-tien-mua-galaxy-fold-11-thang-cho-
mate-x.2949300/…
1
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
·
29 apr 2019
Xơi đi anh em! <3 #Tinhte #gameofthrone #vietsub
https://tinhte.vn/threads/phu-de-tieng-viet-game-of-thrones-phan-8-tap-3-dai-
chien-giua-nguoi-va-bong-trang.2952516/…
1
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
·
29 apr 2019
watchOS 6 sẽ ra mắt trong tháng 6 tới đây. Hy vọng những tính năng nhỏ nhưng
hữu ích này sẽ được Apple hiện thực hoá. #watchos6 #applewatch
https://tinhte.vn/threads/nhung-tinh-nang-duoc-mong-cho-tren-watchos-6-qua-
mot-ban-concept.2951499/#post-53685062…
1
1
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
·
28 apr 2019
Bộ ảnh hay quá, có những khoảnh khắc, phản ánh chân thực cuộc sống bình dị và
chân dung lao động thủ công của những con người chất phác... Mời anh em cùng
xem #tinhtephotos #oppo #oppof11 #cameratinhte https://tinhte.vn/threads/chan-
dung-nhung-nguoi-lao-dong-nghe-thu-cong-nguyen-tran-hung-chup-bang-
oppo-f11.2950563/…
2
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
·
28 apr 2019
Mấy boss hoang này phá ghê gớm! #tinhte #meo #uc https://tinhte.vn/threads/uc-
se-tha-xuc-xich-tam-doc-de-giet-hang-trieu-con-meo-hoang-da.2952205/…
2
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
·
28 apr 2019
Kinh dị! như laptop gaming! #Tinhte #nubia #redmagic3 #gamingphone
https://tinhte.vn/threads/dien-thoai-choi-game-nubia-red-magic-3-tan-nhiet-
quat-va-chat-long-quay-8k-slowmotion-1-920-fps.2952216/…
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
·
28 apr 2019
Không ngờ cảm giác thuần Medley tự tin đến vậy.
https://tinhte.vn/threads/danh-gia-piaggio-medley-s-150-abs-chay-hay-va-thuc-
dung-den-bat-ngo.2944885/…
Tinh tế
@tinhtefan
·
28 apr 2019
Thỉnh thoảng nhắc lại cách gỡ bỏ/xoá phần mềm cho anh em dùng macOS.
#uninstall #macos https://tinhte.vn/threads/3-cach-go-bo-xoa-phan-mem-khoi-
macos.2951043/…
*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
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spiderum_text/110 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa | Error 404 (Not Found)!!1
404. That’s an error.
The requested URL `/` was not found on this server. That’s all we know.
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spiderum_text/2713 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
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*[c.]: circa
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*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
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*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
|
spiderum_text/4158 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
Tinhte
Mạng xã hội
Thông tin - Sự kiệnCà phê tinh tế
1
2
3
Tại sao các công trình La Mã lại có thể tồn tại đến hàng nghìn năm trời
Rubi Lee
\+ Theo dõi
một thángBình luận: 116
Lưu bài viết
Thông báo
Thông báo
Tại sao các công trình La Mã lại có thể tồn tại đến hàng nghìn năm trời
Có bao giờ bạn tự hỏi tại sao nhiều công trình kiến trúc hùng vĩ từ thời La Mã
cổ đại vẫn có thể tồn tại trong hơn 2000 năm. Trong khi đó rất nhiều công
trình ngày nay lại không có tuổi thọ tốt như thế. Vậy vật liệu hay kỹ thuật
xây dựng của các kỹ sư La Mã tốt như thế nào mà những toà nhà khổng lồ như
Pantheon (toà nhà có mái vòm không được gia cố lớn nhất thế giới) và cả Đấu
trường La Mã vẫn có thể đứng vững suốt nhiều năm trời.
la-ma-co-dai-2.jpg
Nhiều nghiên cứu đã đã chứng minh bê tông La Mã có tuổi thọ lâu hơn so với bê
tông thời hiện đại, loại mà dễ bị xuống cấp sau 50 năm. Nhưng mới đây, một
nghiên cứu mới cho biết người La Mã sử dụng 1 loại thành phần bí ẩn để giúp
vật liệu xây dựng của họ trở nên bền bỉ, cứng hơn chứ không yếu đi theo thời
gian, vượt qua các thách thức về điều kiện môi trường như bến cảng, cống rãnh
hay những vùng động đất.
la-ma-co-dai-4.jpg
Trong suốt nhiều năm, các nhà nghiên cứu đã nghĩ rằng chính tro núi lửa từ khu
vực Pozzuoli, trên Vịnh Naples chính là chìa khoá giúp bê tông La Mã trở nên
bền chắc như vậy. Loại tro này thường được vận chuyển khắp các vùng của Đế chế
La Mã rộng lớn và sử dụng trong xây dựng. Nhờ phản ứng tro với nước biển đã
khiến những mảng bê tông trở nên vững chắc hơn. Và được các kiến trúc sư và sử
gia thời điểm đó mô tả là thành phần chính để sản xuất bê tông. Nhưng đó không
phải là thành phần quan trọng duy nhất.
Quảng cáo
la-ma-co-dai-7.jpg
Qua phân tích các mẫu bê tông 2000 năm tuổi được lấy từ 1 bức tường thành tại
địa điểm khảo cổ Privernum, miền trung nước Ý. Nơi mà nhiều công trình cũng sử
dụng loại bê tông tương tự được tìm thấy ở tàn tích Đế chế La Mã.
Họ phát hiện ra rằng trong bê tông có những vật thể hình khối màu trắng, hay
còn được gọi là cục vôi. Trong các nghiên cứu trước đây, các khối này thường
bị bỏ qua vì người ta cho rằng đó chỉ là sai sót của việc trộn cẩu thả hoặc
nguyên liệu kém chất lượng. Nhưng thực chất, những khối đó giúp bê tông có khả
năng hàn gắn các vết nứt hình thành theo thời gian.
la-ma-co-dai-3.jpg
“Đối với tôi, thật khó để tin rằng các kỹ sư La Mã cổ đại lại làm ẩu như thế,
trong khi họ đã rất cẩn thận khi lựa chọn và xử lý vật liệu” - Admir Masic,
phó giáo sư kỹ thuật dân dụng và môi trường tại Đại học California cho biết.
Phát hiện mới này sẽ giúp ngành sản xuất bê tông ngày nay có thể cải tiến để
trở nên bền vững hơn. “Bê tông giúp người La Mã tạo dựng 1 cuộc cách mạng kiến
trúc. Người La Mã đã có thể tạo ra và biến các thành phố thành 1 thứ gì đó phi
thường và đẹp đẽ để dinh sống. Và cuộc cách mạng đó đã thay đổi hoàn toàn thẩm
mỹ và hoàn cảnh sống của con người.”
la-ma-co-dai-5.jpg
Bê tông thực chất là đá hoặc đá nhân tạo, được hình thành bằng cách trộn các
thành phần: đá vôi, cốt liệu mịn (cát hoặc đá dăm được nghiền mịn), cốt liệu
thô (sỏi hoặc đá dăm), chất kết dính. Với nghiên cứu sâu hơn, các nhà nghiên
cứu phát hiện rằng, những khối màu trắng (cục vôi) phát sinh là do người La Mã
sử dụng vôi sống (canxi oxit), dạng đá vôi khô có phản ứng mạnh và nguy hiểm
nhất khi trộn bê tông. Chứ không phải thêm vào vôi tôi. Từ phân tích cho thấy
sử dụng vôi sống và “trộn nóng” là chìa khoá tạo nên tính bền vững của bê
tông.
Quảng cáo
la-ma-co-dai-1.jpg
“Đầu tiên khi toàn bộ bê tông được nung nóng ở nhiệt độ cao, nó tạo ra cácc
chất hoá học mà không thể có được nếu thành phần chỉ có vôi tôi. Các hợp chất
liên quan đến nhiệt độ cao sẽ không thể hình thành được. Bên cạnh đó, nhiệt độ
cao làm giảm đáng kể quá trình bảo dưỡng và thời gian cứng vì tất cả phản ứng
đều được đẩy nhanh. Điều này giúp việc xây dựng nhanh hơn.”
la-ma-co-dai-8.jpg
Và để chắc chắn liệu các lớp vôi có phải là nguyên nhân khiến bê tông La Mã có
khả năng chống chịu lại với các điều kiện hay không. Nhóm nghiên cứu đã tiến
hành 1 thí nghiệm. Họ tạo ra 2 mẫu bê tông, 1 mẫu theo công thức của người La
Mã (gọi là mẫu A) và 1 mẫu còn lại làm theo tiêu chuẩn hiện đại (mẫu B). Sau
đó họ cố tình làm nứt chúng và để sau 2 tuần, nước không thể chảy qua mẫu A,
trong khi mẫu B thì nước vẫn có tình trạng thấm dột. Nguyên nhân là lớp vôi
khi tiếp xúc với nước sẽ kết tinh lại và sửa chữa những vết nứt do thời tiết
tạo ra trước khi chúng lan rộng hơn.
Theo CNN
ThíchHaha37
116 bình luận
Báo xấu
* ThíchThích
* YêuYêu
* HahaHaha
* WowWow
* KhócKhóc
* GiậnGiận
Thích
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### CHỦ ĐỀ TƯƠNG TỰ
Rubi Lee
Dubai khởi công xây dựng toà dân cư cao nhất thế giới, kết hợp cùng thương
hiệu Jacob & Co
BaroTo
[Infographic] Thời gian xây dựng của các công trình nổi tiếng trên thế giới
Rubi Lee
Ý tưởng về siêu du thuyền lớn gấp đôi đấu trường La Mã, có thể chứa đến 60.000
người
blueJune
Những công trình của Frank Lloyd Wright, kiến trúc sư lỗi lạc người Mỹ thế kỷ
20
Tags:kiến trúcbê tôngcông trìnhla mã cổ đại
Đăng nhập một phát, tha hồ bình luận (^ 3^)
n.a.v.i.p
VIP
một tháng
Báo xấu
Rất đơn giản, vì nó là công trình La Mã. Chứ nếu là công trình của quốc gia
phía đông một đất nước không có biển nào đó thì tuổi thọ tính theo nhiệm kì
thôi 🤣🤣🤣
ThíchYêuHaha55
Xem thêm 15 trả lời cũ hơn...
vvt03hp
CAO CẤP
một tháng
Báo xấu
n.a.v.i.p đã nói: ↑
> Rất đơn giản, vì nó là công trình La Mã. Chứ nếu là công trình của quốc gia
> phía đông một đất nước không có biển nào đó thì tuổi thọ tính theo nhiệm kì
> thôi 🤣🤣🤣
@n.a.v.i.p Thâm con nhà bà thuý hả bác
vankhoadesign
ĐẠI BÀNG
một tháng
Báo xấu
toilachi9 đã nói: ↑
> miệng thì nói là đá lát vỉa hè vĩnh cửu,còn thực tế thì...hic
@toilachi9 Vĩnh cửu trong nhiệm kỳ thôi. Hết nhiệm kỳ nó tự hư à. Để nhiệm kỳ
sau có việc làm chơ bạn!
Cười ra nước mắt
เหงียน
ĐẠI BÀNG
một tháng
Báo xấu
counter đã nói: ↑
> Nói thẳng là Đông Lào, nói mé mé làm gì bạn
@counter Giờ đã hiểu nguồn gốc Đông Lào là gì
เหงียน
ĐẠI BÀNG
một tháng
Báo xấu
Nguyen N°5 đã nói: ↑
> La Mã: bê tông tồn tại cả ngàn năm bất chấp thời tiết, mưa gió, nước biển.
> VN: đá xanh lót vỉa hè vẫn có thể bể nứt, nguyên nhân là do trời mưa (lạ cái
> là đá xanh để trong tự nhiên mưa gió không thấy nứt). Đặc biệt hơn, câu trả
> lời đó không đến từ một người thiếu hiểu biết, mà đến từ một người được xem
> là có hiểu biết, và có vị trí khá quan trọng!
@Nguyen N°5 A có quyền a muốn nói gì nói, cấm ý kiến
Cuong Nb
VIP
một tháng
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Quá kinh khủng 😁
Mày vui tính vãi
Mr.Whisky
VIP
một tháng
Báo xấu
Qua VN như Mỹ Đình mới 20 năm mà nát quá trời 😆
ThíchHaha9
laiviet
TÍCH CỰC
một tháng
Báo xấu
Mr.Whisky đã nói: ↑
> Qua VN như Mỹ Đình mới 20 năm mà nát quá trời 😆
@Mr.Whisky công trình nào cũng cần bảo dưỡng. Không bảo dưỡng thì có nhà của
La Mã cũng xuống cấp
Haha1
cu dé
ĐẠI BÀNG
một tháng
Báo xấu
laiviet đã nói: ↑
> công trình nào cũng cần bảo dưỡng. Không bảo dưỡng thì có nhà của La Mã cũng
> xuống cấp
@laiviet lần sau kb thì đừng có nói nhé =)) ko người ta cười cho. La mã có từ
những năm
trước công nghuyên rất lâu. khi đó làm gì có khái niệm bảo dưỡng như bây giờ
mà nhiều công trình vẫn tồn tại đến bh =)) tất nhiên là chịu ảnh hưởng của
thời gian thì cái gì cũng xuống cấp nhưng vấn đề là xuống cấp trong bao lâu
=))
td79
TÍCH CỰC
một tháng
Báo xấu
Mr.Whisky đã nói: ↑
> Qua VN như Mỹ Đình mới 20 năm mà nát quá trời 😆
@Mr.Whisky Nát nhanh mới có cái đớp cho thằng sau chứ. Tính kĩ cả rồi
Haha1
hanhvn68
ĐẠI BÀNG
một tháng
Báo xấu
Mr.Whisky đã nói: ↑
> Qua VN như Mỹ Đình mới 20 năm mà nát quá trời 😆
@Mr.Whisky Tàu làm thỉ chỉ vậy thôi.
Mrhabuzz
VIP
một tháng
Báo xấu
Vì nó không ăn cơm sườn
ThíchYêuHaha17
bắc54
TÍCH CỰC
một tháng
Báo xấu
Mrhabuzz đã nói: ↑
> Vì nó không ăn cơm sườn
@Mrhabuzz vì nó nghèo ganh ghét những đứa giàu có hơn
Nhân 1512
CAO CẤP
một tháng
Báo xấu
Vì La Mã không có nắng cũng không có mưa nên đá không co giãn.
ThíchYêuHaha12
baotuan
VIP
một tháng
Báo xấu
Nhân 1512 đã nói: ↑
> Vì La Mã không có nắng cũng không có mưa nên đá không co giãn.
@Nhân 1512 La Mã có môi trường chân không nhé 🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣
ThíchHaha9
Jackie Lee 1981
CAO CẤP
một tháng
Báo xấu
Nó ko bị ăn bớt vật liệu. Đá vỉa hè bảo trăm năm mà 3 năm vỡ nát do...trời mưa
ThíchHaha8
Xem thêm 7 trả lời cũ hơn...
bắc54
TÍCH CỰC
một tháng
Báo xấu
Jackie Lee 1981 đã nói: ↑
> Hiện nay, Ở châu Âu họ làm nền vỉa hè dầy khoảng 50 cm, rồi đổ tiếp lớp bê
> tông 20 cm. Cuối cùng mới lát đá.
@Jackie Lee 1981 VN làm thế dân kêu hoang phí
bắc54
TÍCH CỰC
một tháng
Báo xấu
td79 đã nói: ↑
> Đầy chỗ để hoang hóa, không có người đi vẫn ...tự nhiên vỡ hỏng
@td79 chỗ nào thế
td79
TÍCH CỰC
một tháng
Báo xấu
bắc54 đã nói: ↑
> chỗ nào thế
@bắc54 Cần gì vỉa hè, ra mấy công viên thì đầy sàn lát đá chả có cái ô tô hay
cái xe máy nào đi qua còn ...tự vỡ sạch do mưa. Giả vờ nai hả bro ?
https://cand.com.vn/dieu-tra-theo-don-ban-doc/cong-vien-40-ty-dong-vua-dua-
vao-su-dung-da-hu-hong-nghiem-trong-i675211/
Công viên 40 tỷ đồng vừa đưa vào sử dụng đã hư hỏng nghiêm trọng - Báo Công an
Nhân dân điện tử
cand.com.vn
https://laodong.vn/ban-doc/cong-vien-hon-50-ti-chua-ban-giao-da-hu-
hong-768697.ldo
#### Công viên hơn 50 tỉ chưa bàn giao đã hư hỏng
Công viên trung tâm TP.Trà Vinh có tổng mức đầu tư hơn 50 tỉ đồng. Đến nay,
công trình chưa bàn giao, nhưng nhiều hạng mục đã bị hư hỏng.
laodong.vn
https://dantri.com.vn/xa-hoi/chu-dau-tu-len-tieng-ve-cong-vien-70-ty-dong-vua-
su-dung-da-hu-hong-20210610233449470.htm
#### Chủ đầu tư lên tiếng về công viên 70 tỷ đồng vừa sử dụng đã hư hỏng
(Dân trí) - Công viên Máy Tơ, quận Ngô Quyền, TP Hải Phòng có tổng kinh phí
gần 70 tỷ đồng nhưng vừa đưa vào sử dụng vài tháng đã xuất hiện nhiều điểm hư
hỏng. Chủ đầu tư là UBND quận này đã lên tiếng.
dantri.com.vn
bắc54
TÍCH CỰC
một tháng
Báo xấu
td79 đã nói: ↑
> Cần gì vỉa hè, ra mấy công viên thì đầy sàn lát đá chả có cái ô tô hay cái
> xe máy nào đi qua còn ...tự vỡ sạch do mưa. Giả vờ nai hả bro ?
>
> https://cand.com.vn/dieu-tra-theo-don-ban-doc/cong-vien-40-ty-dong-vua-dua-
> vao-su-dung-da-hu-hong-nghiem-trong-i675211/
>
> https://laodong.vn/ban-doc/cong-vien-hon-50-ti-chua-ban-giao-da-hu-
> hong-768697.ldo
>
> https://dantri.com.vn/xa-hoi/chu-dau-tu-len-tieng-ve-cong-vien-70-ty-dong-
> vua-su-dung-da-hu-hong-20210610233449470.htm
@td79 nhìn đá vỡ ở mép thì chỉ có chó đi xe máy leo lên hay chó nó cắn thôi,
chứ người ko làm đc thế kia đâu
Tech Man
VIP
một tháng
Báo xấu
Xây thế nhiệm kì sau lấy j đớp
ThíchYêuHaha18
Lợi BP
TÍCH CỰC
một tháng
Báo xấu
Tech Man đã nói: ↑
> Xây thế nhiệm kì sau lấy j đớp
@Tech Man thì xây cái khác, ở VN sâu mọt quá nhiều, cách điều hành phía trên
cũng chưa giải quyết được các vấn đề đó
garish
TÍCH CỰC
một tháng
Báo xấu
Đơn giản là công trình của La Mã không bị co giãn
Cười ra nước mắt
Haha1
Masterbee
TÍCH CỰC
một tháng
Báo xấu
Bê tông được làm từ Đá tro núi lửa là Vật liệu cực kì bền rất dồi dào thời
tiền sử; cổ đại la mã/
Sở dĩ đá tro núi lửa siêu bền vì thành phần nhiều kim loại quí hiếm bền vững
hòa trộn hoàn hảo trong CaCO3/
Da Tro Nui Lua.jpg
Thích6
B1tches keep reporing but can't stop
TÍCH CỰC
một tháng
Báo xấu
Masterbee đã nói: ↑
> Bê tông được làm từ Đá tro núi lửa là Vật liệu cực kì bền rất dồi dào thời
> tiền sử; cổ đại la mã/
> Sở dĩ đá tro núi lửa siêu bền vì thành phần nhiều kim loại quí hiếm bền
> vững hòa trộn hoàn hảo trong CaCO3/
@Masterbee CaCO3 là đá vôi đó ông. Đá vôi thì ko hiếm.
Thích1
bắc54
TÍCH CỰC
một tháng
Báo xấu
Masterbee đã nói: ↑
> Bê tông được làm từ Đá tro núi lửa là Vật liệu cực kì bền rất dồi dào thời
> tiền sử; cổ đại la mã/
> Sở dĩ đá tro núi lửa siêu bền vì thành phần nhiều kim loại quí hiếm bền
> vững hòa trộn hoàn hảo trong CaCO3/
@Masterbee mãi cũng tìm thấy người trong tinh tế
Thích2
laiviet
TÍCH CỰC
một tháng
Báo xấu
Masterbee đã nói: ↑
> Bê tông được làm từ Đá tro núi lửa là Vật liệu cực kì bền rất dồi dào thời
> tiền sử; cổ đại la mã/
> Sở dĩ đá tro núi lửa siêu bền vì thành phần nhiều kim loại quí hiếm bền
> vững hòa trộn hoàn hảo trong CaCO3/
@Masterbee Có ý đúng đấy nhưng phần lớn là nhảm nhí
Masterbee
TÍCH CỰC
một tháng
Báo xấu
laiviet đã nói: ↑
> Có ý đúng đấy nhưng phần lớn là nhảm nhí
@laiviet Đọc chùa thì không có tư cách lên tiếng.
Curency
ĐẠI BÀNG
một tháng
Báo xấu
Bền như vậy thì làm sao quy hoạch lại được :v
ThíchYêuHaha8
BrioPc
TÍCH CỰC
một tháng
Báo xấu
Curency đã nói: ↑
> Bền như vậy thì làm sao quy hoạch lại được :v
@Curency trước khi quy hoạch phải đào lên, sửa lại rồi chờ nó hư tiếp để đào
tiếp và sửa tiếp nữa bác. Tầm trăm lần sửa thì nghĩ đến quy hoạch 😆
Thích1
valve
TÍCH CỰC
một tháng
Báo xấu
Tại ko bị tụi +plus bào :v
Thích1
A0kiji
VIP
một tháng
Báo xấu
công nhận người có những công trình kiến trúc vĩ đại ghê
honghuan2018
ĐẠI BÀNG
một tháng
Báo xấu
quá hay
Yêu quá
thanh_satria
VIP
một tháng
Báo xấu
Đúng là chỉ có đất nc và con ng trường tồn với thời gian. Ko một đế chế nào
trường tồn
Thích3
Lợi BP
TÍCH CỰC
một tháng
Báo xấu
thanh_satria đã nói: ↑
> Đúng là chỉ có đất nc và con ng trường tồn với thời gian. Ko một đế chế nào
> trường tồn
@thanh_satria tào lao. nó bền hơn thôi chứ không có gì là mãi mãi nhé. đất
nước nào trường tồn bác nói cho tôi mở mang đầu óc với.
bắc54
TÍCH CỰC
một tháng
Báo xấu
Lợi BP đã nói: ↑
> tào lao. nó bền hơn thôi chứ không có gì là mãi mãi nhé. đất nước nào trường
> tồn bác nói cho tôi mở mang đầu óc với.
@Lợi BP bố USA =))
Nguyệt Thần
VIP
một tháng
Báo xấu
Lợi BP đã nói: ↑
> tào lao. nó bền hơn thôi chứ không có gì là mãi mãi nhé. đất nước nào trường
> tồn bác nói cho tôi mở mang đầu óc với.
@Lợi BP Ý người ta là đất và người đó.
Loài người có chân, người này có thể đi, người khác có thể đến. Nhưng đất thì
không có chân. Ai đến thì cứ đến, ai đi thì cứ đi, ai ở lại thì cứ ở.
Kiểu vậy.
Con người phát triển càng đông thì càng cần nhiều đất, ấy cũng là chuyện đương
nhiên.
quy.helios
CAO CẤP
một tháng
Báo xấu
Đẳng cấp
mautrang13
ĐẠI BÀNG
một tháng
Báo xấu
vì họ ko có cắt xén, ăn bớt vật liệu
Thích1
Viva Đây Nè
VIP
một tháng
Báo xấu
Xưa học về kiến trúc và mỹ thuật la mã cổ đại đã thấy họ rất khủng rồi. Có thể
nói là trung tâm của thế giới về mọi thứ từ chính trị, văn hóa, kỹ nghệ và
khoa học.
Thích1
Em Thờ IPhone.
ĐẠI BÀNG
một tháng
Báo xấu
Vì nó là tiền thân của tư bổn rãy chết...
Thích3
tieulinhtieuhan
ĐẠI BÀNG
một tháng
Báo xấu
Em Thờ IPhone. đã nói: ↑
> Vì nó là tiền thân của tư bổn rãy chết...
@Em Thờ IPhone. NÓ LÀ QUÂN CHỦ PHONG KIẾN CHỨ TIỀN TƯ BẢN GÌ
Masterbee
TÍCH CỰC
một tháng
Báo xấu
tieulinhtieuhan đã nói: ↑
> NÓ LÀ QUÂN CHỦ PHONG KIẾN CHỨ TIỀN TƯ BẢN GÌ
@tieulinhtieuhan Hiểu chữ tư bản là gì không? Chế độ Cộng hòa các nước hiện
tại vẫn dựa trên nền tảng chế độ cộng hòa la mã.
Roman Republic.jpg
Bộ Sách Kinh Điển CộnG Hòa La Mã.jpg
ThíchWow3
laiviet
TÍCH CỰC
một tháng
Báo xấu
Masterbee đã nói: ↑
> Hiểu chữ tư bản là gì không? Chế độ Cộng hòa các nước hiện tại vẫn dựa trên
> nền tảng chế độ cộng hòa la mã.
@Masterbee Cộng hoà và tư bản là hai khái niệm khác nhau. Không phải hai mặt
đối lập của cùng một khái niệm hay là hai khái niệm luôn đi song hành với nhau
Thích1
Hyper But
TÍCH CỰC
một tháng
Báo xấu
quá bền bỉ theo thời gian
1
2
3
Đăng nhập một phát, tha hồ bình luận (^ 3^)
Cá nhân
1. Tin mới
2. Sản phẩm công nghệ mới
3. Khuyến mãi
4. Sự kiện
5. Video
1. ### Tinh tế
1. Nội quy diễn đàn
2. Thỏa thuận sử dụng dịch vụ
3. Góp ý
4. Hỗ trợ, hướng dẫn
5. Liên hệ quảng cáo
6. Tinh tế RSS
2. ### Cộng đồng
1. Điện thoại
2. Máy tính
3. Camera
4. Xe
5. Khoa học công nghệ
3. ### Nhật Tảo
1. Mua bán điện thoại
2. Mua bán máy tính
3. Mua bán máy tính bảng
4. Mua bán camera
5. Mua bán đồng hồ thông minh
6. Mua bán xe
7. Mua bán điện máy
8. Mua bán sim, sim 3G
4. ### Liên kết
1. Cà phê Tinh tế
2. Khắc tên
3. ChiMua.vn
4. 1Tudien
5. NhacCuaTui
6. 5Giay
7. Webtretho
8. Biker Vietnam
5. ### Theo dõi chúng tôi
1. Facebook
2. Youtube
3. Flickr
4. Twitter
5. Google+
* Chịu trách nhiệm nội dung: Trần Mạnh Hiệp
* © 2023 Công ty Cổ phần MXH Tinh Tế
* Địa chỉ: Số 70 Bà Huyện Thanh Quan, P. Võ Thị Sáu, Quận 3, TPHCM
* Số điện thoại: 02862713156
* MST: 0313255119
* Giấy phép thiết lập MXH số 11/GP-BTTTT, Ký ngày: 08/01/2019
*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
|
spiderum_text/1606 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
Tinhte
Mạng xã hội
Zhyper
# Zhyper
Cấp thành viênCấp độ thành viên Tinhte.vn ĐẠI BÀNG
Tuổi tinhte:11 năm
Bài đã đăng:0
Lượt Like:222
Lượt theo dõi:1
Dota Allstars, StarCraft, Soccer, PES 2010, FIFA Online 2
* Tường nhà
* Album và ảnh
Huy hiệu đạt đượcXem thêm
## Cộng đồng tham gia
Nokia
Nokia
CES 2019
CES 2019
Tinhte Quest - Tinhte nhiệm vụ
Fact đã tạoXem tất cả
* * *
Bài viết đang ghim
Từ danh sách bài đã viết bên dưới chọn → Ghim bài viết
* * *
Chủ đề bài đã viết
1. Tin mới
2. Sản phẩm công nghệ mới
3. Khuyến mãi
4. Sự kiện
5. Video
1. ### Tinh tế
1. Nội quy diễn đàn
2. Thỏa thuận sử dụng dịch vụ
3. Góp ý
4. Hỗ trợ, hướng dẫn
5. Liên hệ quảng cáo
6. Tinh tế RSS
2. ### Cộng đồng
1. Điện thoại
2. Máy tính
3. Camera
4. Xe
5. Khoa học công nghệ
3. ### Nhật Tảo
1. Mua bán điện thoại
2. Mua bán máy tính
3. Mua bán máy tính bảng
4. Mua bán camera
5. Mua bán đồng hồ thông minh
6. Mua bán xe
7. Mua bán điện máy
8. Mua bán sim, sim 3G
4. ### Liên kết
1. Cà phê Tinh tế
2. Khắc tên
3. ChiMua.vn
4. 1Tudien
5. NhacCuaTui
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Tinhte
Mạng xã hội
Thông tin - Sự kiệnCà phê tinh tế
1
2
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Tại sao các công trình La Mã lại có thể tồn tại đến hàng nghìn năm trời
Rubi Lee
\+ Theo dõi
một thángBình luận: 116
Lưu bài viết
Thông báo
Thông báo
Tại sao các công trình La Mã lại có thể tồn tại đến hàng nghìn năm trời
Có bao giờ bạn tự hỏi tại sao nhiều công trình kiến trúc hùng vĩ từ thời La Mã
cổ đại vẫn có thể tồn tại trong hơn 2000 năm. Trong khi đó rất nhiều công
trình ngày nay lại không có tuổi thọ tốt như thế. Vậy vật liệu hay kỹ thuật
xây dựng của các kỹ sư La Mã tốt như thế nào mà những toà nhà khổng lồ như
Pantheon (toà nhà có mái vòm không được gia cố lớn nhất thế giới) và cả Đấu
trường La Mã vẫn có thể đứng vững suốt nhiều năm trời.
la-ma-co-dai-2.jpg
Nhiều nghiên cứu đã đã chứng minh bê tông La Mã có tuổi thọ lâu hơn so với bê
tông thời hiện đại, loại mà dễ bị xuống cấp sau 50 năm. Nhưng mới đây, một
nghiên cứu mới cho biết người La Mã sử dụng 1 loại thành phần bí ẩn để giúp
vật liệu xây dựng của họ trở nên bền bỉ, cứng hơn chứ không yếu đi theo thời
gian, vượt qua các thách thức về điều kiện môi trường như bến cảng, cống rãnh
hay những vùng động đất.
la-ma-co-dai-4.jpg
Trong suốt nhiều năm, các nhà nghiên cứu đã nghĩ rằng chính tro núi lửa từ khu
vực Pozzuoli, trên Vịnh Naples chính là chìa khoá giúp bê tông La Mã trở nên
bền chắc như vậy. Loại tro này thường được vận chuyển khắp các vùng của Đế chế
La Mã rộng lớn và sử dụng trong xây dựng. Nhờ phản ứng tro với nước biển đã
khiến những mảng bê tông trở nên vững chắc hơn. Và được các kiến trúc sư và sử
gia thời điểm đó mô tả là thành phần chính để sản xuất bê tông. Nhưng đó không
phải là thành phần quan trọng duy nhất.
Quảng cáo
la-ma-co-dai-7.jpg
Qua phân tích các mẫu bê tông 2000 năm tuổi được lấy từ 1 bức tường thành tại
địa điểm khảo cổ Privernum, miền trung nước Ý. Nơi mà nhiều công trình cũng sử
dụng loại bê tông tương tự được tìm thấy ở tàn tích Đế chế La Mã.
Họ phát hiện ra rằng trong bê tông có những vật thể hình khối màu trắng, hay
còn được gọi là cục vôi. Trong các nghiên cứu trước đây, các khối này thường
bị bỏ qua vì người ta cho rằng đó chỉ là sai sót của việc trộn cẩu thả hoặc
nguyên liệu kém chất lượng. Nhưng thực chất, những khối đó giúp bê tông có khả
năng hàn gắn các vết nứt hình thành theo thời gian.
la-ma-co-dai-3.jpg
“Đối với tôi, thật khó để tin rằng các kỹ sư La Mã cổ đại lại làm ẩu như thế,
trong khi họ đã rất cẩn thận khi lựa chọn và xử lý vật liệu” - Admir Masic,
phó giáo sư kỹ thuật dân dụng và môi trường tại Đại học California cho biết.
Phát hiện mới này sẽ giúp ngành sản xuất bê tông ngày nay có thể cải tiến để
trở nên bền vững hơn. “Bê tông giúp người La Mã tạo dựng 1 cuộc cách mạng kiến
trúc. Người La Mã đã có thể tạo ra và biến các thành phố thành 1 thứ gì đó phi
thường và đẹp đẽ để dinh sống. Và cuộc cách mạng đó đã thay đổi hoàn toàn thẩm
mỹ và hoàn cảnh sống của con người.”
la-ma-co-dai-5.jpg
Bê tông thực chất là đá hoặc đá nhân tạo, được hình thành bằng cách trộn các
thành phần: đá vôi, cốt liệu mịn (cát hoặc đá dăm được nghiền mịn), cốt liệu
thô (sỏi hoặc đá dăm), chất kết dính. Với nghiên cứu sâu hơn, các nhà nghiên
cứu phát hiện rằng, những khối màu trắng (cục vôi) phát sinh là do người La Mã
sử dụng vôi sống (canxi oxit), dạng đá vôi khô có phản ứng mạnh và nguy hiểm
nhất khi trộn bê tông. Chứ không phải thêm vào vôi tôi. Từ phân tích cho thấy
sử dụng vôi sống và “trộn nóng” là chìa khoá tạo nên tính bền vững của bê
tông.
Quảng cáo
la-ma-co-dai-1.jpg
“Đầu tiên khi toàn bộ bê tông được nung nóng ở nhiệt độ cao, nó tạo ra cácc
chất hoá học mà không thể có được nếu thành phần chỉ có vôi tôi. Các hợp chất
liên quan đến nhiệt độ cao sẽ không thể hình thành được. Bên cạnh đó, nhiệt độ
cao làm giảm đáng kể quá trình bảo dưỡng và thời gian cứng vì tất cả phản ứng
đều được đẩy nhanh. Điều này giúp việc xây dựng nhanh hơn.”
la-ma-co-dai-8.jpg
Và để chắc chắn liệu các lớp vôi có phải là nguyên nhân khiến bê tông La Mã có
khả năng chống chịu lại với các điều kiện hay không. Nhóm nghiên cứu đã tiến
hành 1 thí nghiệm. Họ tạo ra 2 mẫu bê tông, 1 mẫu theo công thức của người La
Mã (gọi là mẫu A) và 1 mẫu còn lại làm theo tiêu chuẩn hiện đại (mẫu B). Sau
đó họ cố tình làm nứt chúng và để sau 2 tuần, nước không thể chảy qua mẫu A,
trong khi mẫu B thì nước vẫn có tình trạng thấm dột. Nguyên nhân là lớp vôi
khi tiếp xúc với nước sẽ kết tinh lại và sửa chữa những vết nứt do thời tiết
tạo ra trước khi chúng lan rộng hơn.
Theo CNN
ThíchHaha37
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### CHỦ ĐỀ TƯƠNG TỰ
Rubi Lee
Dubai khởi công xây dựng toà dân cư cao nhất thế giới, kết hợp cùng thương
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20
Tags:kiến trúcbê tôngcông trìnhla mã cổ đại
Đăng nhập một phát, tha hồ bình luận (^ 3^)
n.a.v.i.p
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Báo xấu
Rất đơn giản, vì nó là công trình La Mã. Chứ nếu là công trình của quốc gia
phía đông một đất nước không có biển nào đó thì tuổi thọ tính theo nhiệm kì
thôi 🤣🤣🤣
ThíchYêuHaha55
Xem thêm 15 trả lời cũ hơn...
vvt03hp
CAO CẤP
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n.a.v.i.p đã nói: ↑
> Rất đơn giản, vì nó là công trình La Mã. Chứ nếu là công trình của quốc gia
> phía đông một đất nước không có biển nào đó thì tuổi thọ tính theo nhiệm kì
> thôi 🤣🤣🤣
@n.a.v.i.p Thâm con nhà bà thuý hả bác
vankhoadesign
ĐẠI BÀNG
một tháng
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toilachi9 đã nói: ↑
> miệng thì nói là đá lát vỉa hè vĩnh cửu,còn thực tế thì...hic
@toilachi9 Vĩnh cửu trong nhiệm kỳ thôi. Hết nhiệm kỳ nó tự hư à. Để nhiệm kỳ
sau có việc làm chơ bạn!
Cười ra nước mắt
เหงียน
ĐẠI BÀNG
một tháng
Báo xấu
counter đã nói: ↑
> Nói thẳng là Đông Lào, nói mé mé làm gì bạn
@counter Giờ đã hiểu nguồn gốc Đông Lào là gì
เหงียน
ĐẠI BÀNG
một tháng
Báo xấu
Nguyen N°5 đã nói: ↑
> La Mã: bê tông tồn tại cả ngàn năm bất chấp thời tiết, mưa gió, nước biển.
> VN: đá xanh lót vỉa hè vẫn có thể bể nứt, nguyên nhân là do trời mưa (lạ cái
> là đá xanh để trong tự nhiên mưa gió không thấy nứt). Đặc biệt hơn, câu trả
> lời đó không đến từ một người thiếu hiểu biết, mà đến từ một người được xem
> là có hiểu biết, và có vị trí khá quan trọng!
@Nguyen N°5 A có quyền a muốn nói gì nói, cấm ý kiến
Cuong Nb
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Quá kinh khủng 😁
Mày vui tính vãi
Mr.Whisky
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Qua VN như Mỹ Đình mới 20 năm mà nát quá trời 😆
ThíchHaha9
laiviet
TÍCH CỰC
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Mr.Whisky đã nói: ↑
> Qua VN như Mỹ Đình mới 20 năm mà nát quá trời 😆
@Mr.Whisky công trình nào cũng cần bảo dưỡng. Không bảo dưỡng thì có nhà của
La Mã cũng xuống cấp
Haha1
cu dé
ĐẠI BÀNG
một tháng
Báo xấu
laiviet đã nói: ↑
> công trình nào cũng cần bảo dưỡng. Không bảo dưỡng thì có nhà của La Mã cũng
> xuống cấp
@laiviet lần sau kb thì đừng có nói nhé =)) ko người ta cười cho. La mã có từ
những năm
trước công nghuyên rất lâu. khi đó làm gì có khái niệm bảo dưỡng như bây giờ
mà nhiều công trình vẫn tồn tại đến bh =)) tất nhiên là chịu ảnh hưởng của
thời gian thì cái gì cũng xuống cấp nhưng vấn đề là xuống cấp trong bao lâu
=))
td79
TÍCH CỰC
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Báo xấu
Mr.Whisky đã nói: ↑
> Qua VN như Mỹ Đình mới 20 năm mà nát quá trời 😆
@Mr.Whisky Nát nhanh mới có cái đớp cho thằng sau chứ. Tính kĩ cả rồi
Haha1
hanhvn68
ĐẠI BÀNG
một tháng
Báo xấu
Mr.Whisky đã nói: ↑
> Qua VN như Mỹ Đình mới 20 năm mà nát quá trời 😆
@Mr.Whisky Tàu làm thỉ chỉ vậy thôi.
Mrhabuzz
VIP
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Vì nó không ăn cơm sườn
ThíchYêuHaha17
bắc54
TÍCH CỰC
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Mrhabuzz đã nói: ↑
> Vì nó không ăn cơm sườn
@Mrhabuzz vì nó nghèo ganh ghét những đứa giàu có hơn
Nhân 1512
CAO CẤP
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Vì La Mã không có nắng cũng không có mưa nên đá không co giãn.
ThíchYêuHaha12
baotuan
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Nhân 1512 đã nói: ↑
> Vì La Mã không có nắng cũng không có mưa nên đá không co giãn.
@Nhân 1512 La Mã có môi trường chân không nhé 🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣
ThíchHaha9
Jackie Lee 1981
CAO CẤP
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Nó ko bị ăn bớt vật liệu. Đá vỉa hè bảo trăm năm mà 3 năm vỡ nát do...trời mưa
ThíchHaha8
Xem thêm 7 trả lời cũ hơn...
bắc54
TÍCH CỰC
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Jackie Lee 1981 đã nói: ↑
> Hiện nay, Ở châu Âu họ làm nền vỉa hè dầy khoảng 50 cm, rồi đổ tiếp lớp bê
> tông 20 cm. Cuối cùng mới lát đá.
@Jackie Lee 1981 VN làm thế dân kêu hoang phí
bắc54
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td79 đã nói: ↑
> Đầy chỗ để hoang hóa, không có người đi vẫn ...tự nhiên vỡ hỏng
@td79 chỗ nào thế
td79
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bắc54 đã nói: ↑
> chỗ nào thế
@bắc54 Cần gì vỉa hè, ra mấy công viên thì đầy sàn lát đá chả có cái ô tô hay
cái xe máy nào đi qua còn ...tự vỡ sạch do mưa. Giả vờ nai hả bro ?
https://cand.com.vn/dieu-tra-theo-don-ban-doc/cong-vien-40-ty-dong-vua-dua-
vao-su-dung-da-hu-hong-nghiem-trong-i675211/
Công viên 40 tỷ đồng vừa đưa vào sử dụng đã hư hỏng nghiêm trọng - Báo Công an
Nhân dân điện tử
cand.com.vn
https://laodong.vn/ban-doc/cong-vien-hon-50-ti-chua-ban-giao-da-hu-
hong-768697.ldo
#### Công viên hơn 50 tỉ chưa bàn giao đã hư hỏng
Công viên trung tâm TP.Trà Vinh có tổng mức đầu tư hơn 50 tỉ đồng. Đến nay,
công trình chưa bàn giao, nhưng nhiều hạng mục đã bị hư hỏng.
laodong.vn
https://dantri.com.vn/xa-hoi/chu-dau-tu-len-tieng-ve-cong-vien-70-ty-dong-vua-
su-dung-da-hu-hong-20210610233449470.htm
#### Chủ đầu tư lên tiếng về công viên 70 tỷ đồng vừa sử dụng đã hư hỏng
(Dân trí) - Công viên Máy Tơ, quận Ngô Quyền, TP Hải Phòng có tổng kinh phí
gần 70 tỷ đồng nhưng vừa đưa vào sử dụng vài tháng đã xuất hiện nhiều điểm hư
hỏng. Chủ đầu tư là UBND quận này đã lên tiếng.
dantri.com.vn
bắc54
TÍCH CỰC
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td79 đã nói: ↑
> Cần gì vỉa hè, ra mấy công viên thì đầy sàn lát đá chả có cái ô tô hay cái
> xe máy nào đi qua còn ...tự vỡ sạch do mưa. Giả vờ nai hả bro ?
>
> https://cand.com.vn/dieu-tra-theo-don-ban-doc/cong-vien-40-ty-dong-vua-dua-
> vao-su-dung-da-hu-hong-nghiem-trong-i675211/
>
> https://laodong.vn/ban-doc/cong-vien-hon-50-ti-chua-ban-giao-da-hu-
> hong-768697.ldo
>
> https://dantri.com.vn/xa-hoi/chu-dau-tu-len-tieng-ve-cong-vien-70-ty-dong-
> vua-su-dung-da-hu-hong-20210610233449470.htm
@td79 nhìn đá vỡ ở mép thì chỉ có chó đi xe máy leo lên hay chó nó cắn thôi,
chứ người ko làm đc thế kia đâu
Tech Man
VIP
một tháng
Báo xấu
Xây thế nhiệm kì sau lấy j đớp
ThíchYêuHaha18
Lợi BP
TÍCH CỰC
một tháng
Báo xấu
Tech Man đã nói: ↑
> Xây thế nhiệm kì sau lấy j đớp
@Tech Man thì xây cái khác, ở VN sâu mọt quá nhiều, cách điều hành phía trên
cũng chưa giải quyết được các vấn đề đó
garish
TÍCH CỰC
một tháng
Báo xấu
Đơn giản là công trình của La Mã không bị co giãn
Cười ra nước mắt
Haha1
Masterbee
TÍCH CỰC
một tháng
Báo xấu
Bê tông được làm từ Đá tro núi lửa là Vật liệu cực kì bền rất dồi dào thời
tiền sử; cổ đại la mã/
Sở dĩ đá tro núi lửa siêu bền vì thành phần nhiều kim loại quí hiếm bền vững
hòa trộn hoàn hảo trong CaCO3/
Da Tro Nui Lua.jpg
Thích6
B1tches keep reporing but can't stop
TÍCH CỰC
một tháng
Báo xấu
Masterbee đã nói: ↑
> Bê tông được làm từ Đá tro núi lửa là Vật liệu cực kì bền rất dồi dào thời
> tiền sử; cổ đại la mã/
> Sở dĩ đá tro núi lửa siêu bền vì thành phần nhiều kim loại quí hiếm bền
> vững hòa trộn hoàn hảo trong CaCO3/
@Masterbee CaCO3 là đá vôi đó ông. Đá vôi thì ko hiếm.
Thích1
bắc54
TÍCH CỰC
một tháng
Báo xấu
Masterbee đã nói: ↑
> Bê tông được làm từ Đá tro núi lửa là Vật liệu cực kì bền rất dồi dào thời
> tiền sử; cổ đại la mã/
> Sở dĩ đá tro núi lửa siêu bền vì thành phần nhiều kim loại quí hiếm bền
> vững hòa trộn hoàn hảo trong CaCO3/
@Masterbee mãi cũng tìm thấy người trong tinh tế
Thích2
laiviet
TÍCH CỰC
một tháng
Báo xấu
Masterbee đã nói: ↑
> Bê tông được làm từ Đá tro núi lửa là Vật liệu cực kì bền rất dồi dào thời
> tiền sử; cổ đại la mã/
> Sở dĩ đá tro núi lửa siêu bền vì thành phần nhiều kim loại quí hiếm bền
> vững hòa trộn hoàn hảo trong CaCO3/
@Masterbee Có ý đúng đấy nhưng phần lớn là nhảm nhí
Masterbee
TÍCH CỰC
một tháng
Báo xấu
laiviet đã nói: ↑
> Có ý đúng đấy nhưng phần lớn là nhảm nhí
@laiviet Đọc chùa thì không có tư cách lên tiếng.
Curency
ĐẠI BÀNG
một tháng
Báo xấu
Bền như vậy thì làm sao quy hoạch lại được :v
ThíchYêuHaha8
BrioPc
TÍCH CỰC
một tháng
Báo xấu
Curency đã nói: ↑
> Bền như vậy thì làm sao quy hoạch lại được :v
@Curency trước khi quy hoạch phải đào lên, sửa lại rồi chờ nó hư tiếp để đào
tiếp và sửa tiếp nữa bác. Tầm trăm lần sửa thì nghĩ đến quy hoạch 😆
Thích1
valve
TÍCH CỰC
một tháng
Báo xấu
Tại ko bị tụi +plus bào :v
Thích1
A0kiji
VIP
một tháng
Báo xấu
công nhận người có những công trình kiến trúc vĩ đại ghê
honghuan2018
ĐẠI BÀNG
một tháng
Báo xấu
quá hay
Yêu quá
thanh_satria
VIP
một tháng
Báo xấu
Đúng là chỉ có đất nc và con ng trường tồn với thời gian. Ko một đế chế nào
trường tồn
Thích3
Lợi BP
TÍCH CỰC
một tháng
Báo xấu
thanh_satria đã nói: ↑
> Đúng là chỉ có đất nc và con ng trường tồn với thời gian. Ko một đế chế nào
> trường tồn
@thanh_satria tào lao. nó bền hơn thôi chứ không có gì là mãi mãi nhé. đất
nước nào trường tồn bác nói cho tôi mở mang đầu óc với.
bắc54
TÍCH CỰC
một tháng
Báo xấu
Lợi BP đã nói: ↑
> tào lao. nó bền hơn thôi chứ không có gì là mãi mãi nhé. đất nước nào trường
> tồn bác nói cho tôi mở mang đầu óc với.
@Lợi BP bố USA =))
Nguyệt Thần
VIP
một tháng
Báo xấu
Lợi BP đã nói: ↑
> tào lao. nó bền hơn thôi chứ không có gì là mãi mãi nhé. đất nước nào trường
> tồn bác nói cho tôi mở mang đầu óc với.
@Lợi BP Ý người ta là đất và người đó.
Loài người có chân, người này có thể đi, người khác có thể đến. Nhưng đất thì
không có chân. Ai đến thì cứ đến, ai đi thì cứ đi, ai ở lại thì cứ ở.
Kiểu vậy.
Con người phát triển càng đông thì càng cần nhiều đất, ấy cũng là chuyện đương
nhiên.
quy.helios
CAO CẤP
một tháng
Báo xấu
Đẳng cấp
mautrang13
ĐẠI BÀNG
một tháng
Báo xấu
vì họ ko có cắt xén, ăn bớt vật liệu
Thích1
Viva Đây Nè
VIP
một tháng
Báo xấu
Xưa học về kiến trúc và mỹ thuật la mã cổ đại đã thấy họ rất khủng rồi. Có thể
nói là trung tâm của thế giới về mọi thứ từ chính trị, văn hóa, kỹ nghệ và
khoa học.
Thích1
Em Thờ IPhone.
ĐẠI BÀNG
một tháng
Báo xấu
Vì nó là tiền thân của tư bổn rãy chết...
Thích3
tieulinhtieuhan
ĐẠI BÀNG
một tháng
Báo xấu
Em Thờ IPhone. đã nói: ↑
> Vì nó là tiền thân của tư bổn rãy chết...
@Em Thờ IPhone. NÓ LÀ QUÂN CHỦ PHONG KIẾN CHỨ TIỀN TƯ BẢN GÌ
Masterbee
TÍCH CỰC
một tháng
Báo xấu
tieulinhtieuhan đã nói: ↑
> NÓ LÀ QUÂN CHỦ PHONG KIẾN CHỨ TIỀN TƯ BẢN GÌ
@tieulinhtieuhan Hiểu chữ tư bản là gì không? Chế độ Cộng hòa các nước hiện
tại vẫn dựa trên nền tảng chế độ cộng hòa la mã.
Roman Republic.jpg
Bộ Sách Kinh Điển CộnG Hòa La Mã.jpg
ThíchWow3
laiviet
TÍCH CỰC
một tháng
Báo xấu
Masterbee đã nói: ↑
> Hiểu chữ tư bản là gì không? Chế độ Cộng hòa các nước hiện tại vẫn dựa trên
> nền tảng chế độ cộng hòa la mã.
@Masterbee Cộng hoà và tư bản là hai khái niệm khác nhau. Không phải hai mặt
đối lập của cùng một khái niệm hay là hai khái niệm luôn đi song hành với nhau
Thích1
Hyper But
TÍCH CỰC
một tháng
Báo xấu
quá bền bỉ theo thời gian
1
2
3
Đăng nhập một phát, tha hồ bình luận (^ 3^)
Cá nhân
1. Tin mới
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2. Máy tính
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3. ### Nhật Tảo
1. Mua bán điện thoại
2. Mua bán máy tính
3. Mua bán máy tính bảng
4. Mua bán camera
5. Mua bán đồng hồ thông minh
6. Mua bán xe
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8. Mua bán sim, sim 3G
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1. Cà phê Tinh tế
2. Khắc tên
3. ChiMua.vn
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* Chịu trách nhiệm nội dung: Trần Mạnh Hiệp
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* Giấy phép thiết lập MXH số 11/GP-BTTTT, Ký ngày: 08/01/2019
*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
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*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
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*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
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*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
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*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
|
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Click to Follow SamsungMobile
Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
Share the epic. Official Twitter of the #GalaxyS23, #GalaxyBook3Pro,
#GalaxyBook3Pro360, #GalaxyBook3Ultra, #GalaxyZFold4, #GalaxyZFlip4
Electronics Storesamsung.comJoined May 2011
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# Samsung Mobile’s Tweets
Pinned Tweet
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Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
Feb 1
Get ready to hear 'Can you send me that?' when you capture the most epic shots
- even at night - with the new #GalaxyS23 Ultra’s Nightography. #SharetheEpic
#SamsungUnpacked Learn more at http://smsng.co/S23Ultra_Nightography_tw…
Embedded video
0:30
55.8K views
258
383
1,728
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Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
15h
🕒 Opening Hours Mon-Sat, 10am-7pm Sun, 11am-7pm 📍 From Feb 1st – 25th 2023,
located at 111 Powell Street, San Francisco
6
56
Show this thread
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Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
15h
Do you want to take the most epic photos in San Francisco? 😮 Come visit
#GalaxyExperience Space and capture the epic moments with #GalaxyS23. Tag your
friends and families who you want to bring with you! 📸👭 #SharetheEpic
#withGalaxy
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Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
Feb 14
Samsung and
@NaturalCycles
are partnering up to bring a new advanced temperature-based menstrual cycle
tracking feature to the #GalaxyWatch5 series. It will arrive within the second
quarter of 2023 in 30 European countries, South Korea and the U.S:
http://smsng.co/Natural-Cycles
Image
12
24
264
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Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
Feb 13
Swipe ➡️ and learn how a new QR code on #GalaxyS23 series makes new phone
setup 🔧 totally seamless. #SharetheEpic Learn more:
http://smsng.co/S23Ultra_Switch_tw…
Slide 1 of 5 - Carousel
samsung.com
How to switch to Galaxy S23 Ultra
17
47
343
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Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
Feb 13
Swipe ➡️ and learn how Multi Control makes your keyboard and trackpad move
more efficiently 😎. #GalaxyS23 Ultra #SharetheEpic Learn more:
http://smsng.co/S23Ultra_Multi-Control_tw…
Slide 1 of 5 - Carousel
samsung.com
How to use Multi Control
8
28
237
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Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
Feb 13
Swipe ➡️ and see how Expert RAW on #GalaxyS23 Ultra lets you take multiple
shots and turn them into 1️⃣ epic photo. #SharetheEpic Learn more:
http://smsng.co/S23Ultra_MultipleExposures_tw…
Slide 1 of 6 - Carousel
samsung.com
How to take photos with Multiple exposures in Expert RAW
8
32
308
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Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
Feb 10
There are some epic moments that you just can’t miss. Catch the details even
in bright daylight with Samsung #GalaxyS23 Ultra’s Vision Booster.
#SharetheEpic Learn more: http://smsng.co/S23Ultra_Vision-Booster_tw…
Embedded video
0:15
9.3K views
29
55
480
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Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
Feb 10
Lightning-fast notes? That’s epic. Convert handwritten notes to text and share
seamlessly with Samsung #GalaxyS23 Ultra’s embedded S Pen. #SharetheEpic Learn
more: http://smsng.co/S23Ultra_SPen_tw…
Embedded video
0:15
8.3K views
23
39
423
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Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
Feb 10
The future looks bright. And super sharp. Share epic details with Samsung
#GalaxyS23 Ultra's 200MP High-resolution. #SharetheEpic Learn more:
http://smsng.co/S23Ultra_High-Resolution_tw…
Embedded video
0:15
9.5K views
20
46
493
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Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
Feb 9
Smart living is easy with #SmartThingsStation. Simply connect smart home
devices and set up routines to save time and get things done. SmartThings
Station also charges your phone while running your routine, so you can be
extra productive. Learn more: http://smsng.co/SmartThingsStation…
Embedded video
2:16
7.7K views
14
33
326
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Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
Feb 9
What will you be getting your someone special or yourself this Valentine's
Day? Reminder ✨self-care is also important ✨ #MoreWaysToLove
* Galaxy Watch5
17.5%
* Galaxy Buds2 Pro
19.2%
* Galaxy Z Flip4
27.1%
* All of the above
36.2%
816 votes·Final results
21
13
113
Show this thread
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Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
Feb 9
This Valentine’s Day, find yourself #MoreWaysToLove with deals on #GalaxyGifts
that will send your ❤️ racing. Learn more: http://samsung.com
Slide 1 of 3 - Carousel
8
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262
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Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
Feb 9
“Shoot for the moon,” they said 🤭
Quote Tweet
Marques Brownlee
@MKBHD
·
Feb 7
I don’t know who needs to take a 100x photo of the moon, but clearly the
Galaxy S23 Ultra is the phone for you
Embedded video
0:14
10.9M views
49
141
1,556
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Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
Feb 9
200MP high resolution + #GalaxyS23 Ultra = #SharetheEpic 😎 Time for an
upgrade? Learn more: http://smsng.co/GalaxyS23Ultra
Quote Tweet
Business profile picture
Samsung Semiconductor
@SamsungDSGlobal
·
Feb 9
Ready to take your mobile photography to the next level? With the 200MP
ISOCELL HP2 sensor in the new @SamsungMobile's #GalaxyS23 Ultra, you get more
pixels to capture the epic details. Learn more at http://smsng.co/ISOCELL_HP2
#MorePixelsEpicDetails #InspiredByISOCELL
Image
18
41
499
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Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
Feb 8
See how easy it is to use the new #SmartThingsStation. You can conveniently
control smart home devices, run preset routines and find missing items. You
can also charge your phone with 15W Super Fast Charging. Learn more:
http://smsng.co/SmartThingsStation…
Embedded video
2:51
10K views
13
35
325
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Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
Feb 8
Will YOU be the winner of our Puzzle Collection? Join us to collect all the
puzzle pieces and win a #GalaxyS23! ☘️ 🕐 Opening Hours Mon-Sat 10am-7pm Sun
11am-7pm 📍 Visit #GalaxyExperience Space from Feb 1st – 25th 2023, located at
111 Powell Street, San Francisco.
Embedded video
0:07
8K views
10
36
300
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Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
Feb 7
Shines brighter together. Meet the colorful #GalaxyS23 Ultra, #GalaxyBuds2Pro,
and #GalaxyWatch5. Learn more: http://smsng.co/S23Ultra_Ecosystem-DOOH_tw… |
http://smsng.co/Book3Ultra_Ecosystem-DOOH_tw…
Embedded video
0:15
16.8K views
32
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718
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Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
Feb 7
Epic times shot with an epic phone 😉 #GalaxyS23 Ultra #SamsungUnpacked
Quote Tweet
*Corrupt* AvaGG 💀
@AvaGG
·
Feb 5
Got to sit in the director’s chair with the @samsungmobile #GalaxyS23 Ultra &
made @TheonlyRyann sing as Yoda 🤣 Catch the @samsungmobile #SamsungUnpacked
replay on http://twitch.tv/samsungmobile #ad
Embedded video
0:59
16.9K views
5
28
259
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Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
Feb 7
Yup, you heard right! The #GalaxyS23 Ultra takes epic to the next level 🤩.
Watch the replay on http://twitch.tv/samsungmobile for more epic features of
the phone!
Quote Tweet
RYΛNN LYNN WΞLLΞR🔥
@TheOnlyRyann
·
Feb 6
Had a chance to co-host the #SamsungUnpacked event w/ @AvaGG It’s crazy to me
that the #GalaxyS23 Ultra is basically a phone, a pro-grade camera, & a gaming
device all in one! Streamers & content creators, you’re going to want to check
this out! Sponsored by @samsungmobile #ad
Embedded video
1:59
6.4K views
3
20
197
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Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
Feb 7
Missed out on all the fun and action? Fret not — we’ve put together a Twitch
livestream roundup highlight! 👆 Here’s what went down during the
#SamsungUnpacked Twitch stream on February 1 ✨ #GalaxyS23 Watch the replay
here: http://twitch.tv/samsungmobile
Embedded video
0:25
5.5K views
6
34
274
Business profile picture
Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
Feb 5
What is your favorite film by Sir #RidleyScott? Watch the new short film 🎥
BEHOLD, shot entirely with #GalaxyS23 Ultra: http://smsng.co/S23Ultra_Behold-
Film_yt…
* Alien
32.7%
* Blade Runner
23.4%
* Gladiator
38.3%
* Others (Reply below!)
5.6%
1,385 votes·Final results
29
38
277
Business profile picture
Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
Feb 5
The wait is over. 🎥 BEHOLD by Sir #RidleyScott. Filmed entirely #withGalaxy
S23 Ultra. #GalaxyS23 Ultra Watch the full film:
http://smsng.co/S23Ultra_Behold-Film_tw…
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Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
Feb 4
Just one more day to go! Check out the exclusive Behind-the-Scenes film for 🎥
BEHOLD by Sir #RidleyScott. Digital Premiere on Feb 4th. Watch exclusive
Behind-the-Scenes Film: http://smsng.co/S23Ultra_Behold-BTS_tw…
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Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
Feb 3
Wanna know what epic moments
@AvaGG
and
@TheOnlyRyann
had? Replay on now! 🔁
Quote Tweet
*Corrupt* AvaGG 💀
@AvaGG
·
Feb 2
In case you missed it, you can watch the Unpacked replay on
http://twitch.tv/samsungmobile. And if you're in the SF area check out the
@SamsungMobile Galaxy Experience in person, which @TheOnlyRyann and I explored
yesterday! #SamsungUnpacked #ad
Show this thread
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Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
Feb 3
The official trailer for Sir #RidleyScott's new movie, 🎥 BEHOLD is out! Watch
the trailer and reply with a 🐴 if you’re excited! #withGalaxy #GalaxyS23 Watch
Trailer: http://smsng.co/S23Ultra_Behold-Trailer_tw…
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Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
Feb 2
Behold, the new standard of epic. Tune in to hear what the hype around the new
#GalaxyS23 is all about 😍 Learn how you can #SharetheEpic:
http://smsng.co/S23Ultra_Epic-ILP_tw…
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Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
Feb 2
Are you ready to get even more epic? #GalaxyExperience Space is now open! We
will bring you the best of new mobile experiences with the #GalaxyS23 series.
#SharetheEpic #withGalaxy🎥 🕐: From Feb 1st – 25th 2023 📍: 111 Powell Street,
San Francisco
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Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
Feb 2
The S Pen on the #GalaxyS23 Ultra has truly expressive potential – here’s what
people were ‘saying’ with it today. Learn more: http://smsng.co/S23Ultra_SPen-
ILP_tw…
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Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
Feb 2
An epic means of creative expression, always at the ready. Tweet #SharetheEpic
to reveal a special note with the new S Pen ✍️ #GalaxyS23 Ultra
Embedded video
0:04
Click to unlock 👇
Tweet #SharetheEpic
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Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
Feb 2
Get up close and epic 🔍 Tweet #SharetheEpic to unlock an otherworldly surprise
hidden below 😉 #GalaxyS23 Ultra
Click to unlock 👇
Tweet #SharetheEpic
12
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Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
Feb 2
Don't leave hidden details in the dark. Tweet #SharetheEpic to unlock
something epic 🥰 #GalaxyS23
Click to unlock 👇
Tweet #SharetheEpic
18
61
419
Business profile picture
Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
Feb 2
Hey S Pen fans, it's time for you to write your way to a more creative year!
Share your epic doodles with us 👇 #GalaxyS23 Ultra #SamsungUnpacked
#SharetheEpic Learn more: http://smsng.co/S23Ultra_SPen-Thread_tw…
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Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
Feb 2
If gaming is your thing, you'll love this! Reply this tweet with the hashtag
#GalaxyS23, and tell us which game you'd like to play on it 👇 #SamsungUnpacked
#SharetheEpic Learn more: http://smsng.co/S23_Gaming-Thread_tw…
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Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
Feb 2
We love that you love our camera! #SharetheEpic with us by posting your most
epic night shots. #GalaxyS23 Ultra #SamsungUnpacked 👉 Learn more:
http://smsng.co/S23Ultra_Camera-Thread_tw…
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Business profile picture
Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
Feb 2
Epic nights are coming! What are you most excited about? 📸 capturing epic
moments at night 🎮 indulging in your fav mobile games ✍️ creating epic works
of art #SamsungUnpacked
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Business profile picture
Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
Feb 1
Introducing 🎥 BEHOLD, the latest short film from visionary filmmaker, Sir
#RidleyScott. Filmed entirely using the #GalaxyS23 Ultra. Digital Premiere on
Feb 4th on Samsung's YouTube channel. #SamsungUnpacked #withGalaxy
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Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
Feb 1
Seeing #JungKook even more clearly is always a visual treat! #SharetheEpic
#SamsungUnpacked #GalaxyxBTS
@BTS_twt
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Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
Feb 1
Moody but excellent portrait of #V, made even more so with a remaster.
#SharetheEpic #SamsungUnpacked #GalaxyxBTS
@BTS_twt
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Samsung Mobile
@SamsungMobile
·
Feb 1
Can #Jimin ever look bad? Nope, but remastered he looks better than before.
#SharetheEpic #SamsungUnpacked #GalaxyxBTS
@BTS_twt
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* * *
A folytatáshoz engedélyezze a JavaScriptet a böngészÅben.
* * *
ErrÅl az oldalról
Rendszereink az Ãn számÃtógépes hálózatából érkezÅ, szokatlan
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Ez az oldal akkor jelenik meg, ha a Google automatikus módszerei olyan
kéréseket észlelnek, amelyek az Ãn számÃtógépes hálózatából
érkeznek, és valószÃnűleg megsértik az Ãltalános SzerzÅdési
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szöveget, továbbra is használhatja a szolgáltatásainkat.
A kérdéses forgalmat elÅidézhette rosszindulatú szoftver, a böngészÅ
plug-inje vagy egy olyan szkript, amely automatikus kéréseket küld.
Amennyiben megosztja hálózati kapcsolatát, kérjen segÃtséget
rendszergazdájától -- elÅfordulhat, hogy a problémát egy olyan
számÃtógép okozza, amely ugyanazt az IP-cÃmet használja, mint Ãn.
További információ
Amennyiben speciális, a robotok által gyakran használt kifejezéseket ad
meg, vagy nagyon gyorsan küldi el a kéréseket, akkor esetenként arra
kérjük, hogy Ãrja be egy CAPTCHA-kép szövegét.
IP-cÃm: 3.211.110.80
IdÅ: 2023-02-15T15:28:16Z
URL: https://support.google.com/a/users?hl=hu
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Google Cloud
* Vorteile von Google
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* Ganz gleich, ob Ihr Unternehmen erst am Anfang des digitalen Wandels steht oder schon einiges erreicht hat – die Lösungen und Technologien von Google Cloud unterstützen Sie bei den größten Herausforderungen.
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* # Google Cloud-Datenschutzhinweise
Mit Sammlungen den Überblick behalten Sie können Inhalte basierend auf Ihren
Einstellungen speichern und kategorisieren.
Datum des Inkrafttretens: 25. Januar 2023
Diese Google Cloud-Datenschutzhinweise beschreiben, wie wir Ihre
personenbezogenen Informationen in Bezug auf Google Workspace (einschließlich
Google Workspace for Education), Google Cloud Platform, Cloud Identity (bei
separatem Verkauf) und Implementierungsdienste (zusammen „Cloud-Dienste“)
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Wir bieten unseren Kunden Cloud-Dienste entweder direkt oder über unsere
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Wenn Datenschutzgesetze der Europäischen Union (EU), des Vereinigten
Königreichs oder der Schweiz für die Verarbeitung von Dienstdaten gelten, die
Sie betreffen, können Sie den nachstehenden Abschnitt „EU-Datenschutzstandards
und DSGVO“ lesen, um mehr über Ihre Rechte und die Einhaltung dieser Gesetze
durch Google zu erfahren.
Alle maximieren
#### Von uns erhobene Dienstdaten
Google verarbeitet Kundendaten, Partnerdaten und Dienstdaten, um Cloud-Dienste
bereitzustellen. Diese Datenschutzhinweise gelten ausschließlich für
Dienstdaten und gelten nicht für Kundendaten oder Partnerdaten. Im Folgenden
erläutern wir, was wir unter „Dienstdaten“ verstehen.
Kundendaten und Partnerdaten werden in den Vereinbarungen mit unseren Kunden
über Cloud-Dienste definiert und stellen die Daten dar, die Sie und unsere
Kunden zur Verarbeitung in Cloud-Diensten bereitstellen. Weitere Informationen
darüber, wie wir Kundendaten und Partnerdaten verarbeiten, finden Sie in
unserem Cloud Data Processing Addendum (Customers) und Cloud Data Processing
Addendum (Partners).
Dienstdaten sind die personenbezogenen Informationen, die Google während der
Bereitstellung und Verwaltung der Cloud-Dienste und des damit verbundenen
technischen Supports erhebt oder generiert, ausgenommen Kundendaten und
Partnerdaten.
Dienstdaten bestehen aus:
* Kontoinformationen. Wir erheben die Daten, die Sie angeben, wenn Sie ein Konto für Cloud-Dienste erstellen oder einen Vertrag mit uns abschließen (Anmeldeinformationen, Namen, Kontaktdaten und Berufsbezeichnungen).
* Cloud-Zahlungen und -Transaktionen. Wir führen angemessene geschäftliche Aufzeichnungen über Gebühren, Zahlungen und Rechnungsdetails und -probleme.
* Cloud-Einstellungen und -Konfigurationen. Wir zeichnen Ihre Konfiguration und Einstellungen auf, einschließlich Ressourcenkennungen und -attribute sowie Dienst- und Sicherheitseinstellungen für Daten und andere Ressourcen.
* Technische und betriebliche Details Ihrer Nutzung von Cloud-Diensten. Wir erheben Informationen über die Nutzung, den Betriebsstatus, Softwarefehler und Absturzberichte, Authentifizierungsdaten, Qualitäts- und Leistungsmetriken und andere technische Details, die für den Betrieb und die Wartung von Cloud-Diensten und zugehöriger Software erforderlich sind. Diese Informationen umfassen Gerätekennungen, Kennungen von Cookies oder Tokens und IP-Adressen.
* Ihre direkte Kommunikation. Wir führen Aufzeichnungen über Ihre Kommunikation und Interaktionen mit uns und unseren Partnern (z. B. wenn Sie Feedback geben, Fragen stellen oder technischen Support anfordern).
#### Warum wir Dienstdaten verarbeiten
Google verarbeitet Dienstdaten für die folgenden Zwecke:
* Bereitstellen von Cloud-Diensten, die Sie anfordern. Wir verwenden Dienstdaten in erster Linie, um die Cloud-Dienste bereitzustellen, die Sie und unsere Kunden anfordern. Dies umfasst die Verarbeitung von Dienstdaten nach Bedarf: um Überprüfungen durchzuführen, bevor bestimmten Kunden Kredite gewährt werden; um die genutzten Cloud-Dienste in Rechnung zu stellen; um sicherzustellen, dass diese Dienste wie vorgesehen geliefert werden oder funktionieren; um Ausfälle oder andere technische Probleme zu erkennen und zu vermeiden; und um die Sicherheit Ihrer Daten und Dienste zu gewährleisten.
* Ausgeben von Empfehlungen zur Optimierung von Cloud-Diensten. Wir verwenden Dienstdaten, um Ihnen und unseren Kunden Empfehlungen zu geben (z. B. um Möglichkeiten zur besseren Sicherung Ihres Kontos oder Ihrer Daten vorzuschlagen, Servicegebühren zu senken oder die Leistung zu verbessern oder Ihre Konfigurationen zu optimieren) und um Informationen über neue oder verwandte Produkte und Funktionen bereitzustellen. Wir werten auch Ihre Reaktionen auf unsere Empfehlungen aus.
* Warten und verbessern von Cloud-Diensten. Wir werten Dienstdaten aus, um uns dabei zu helfen, die Leistung und Funktionalität von Cloud-Diensten zu verbessern. Wir optimieren damit nicht nur Cloud-Dienste für Sie, sondern auch für unsere Kunden und umgekehrt.
* Bereitstellen und verbessern anderer von Ihnen angeforderter Dienste. Wir verwenden Dienstdaten, um andere Dienste bereitzustellen und zu verbessern, die Sie und unsere Kunden anfordern, einschließlich Google- oder Drittanbieterdienste, die über die Cloud-Dienste, Verwaltungskonsolen, Anwendungsprogrammierschnittstellen (APIs) oder Befehlszeilenschnittstellen (CLIs), oder den Google Cloud Platform Marketplace oder den Google Workspace Marketplace aktiviert werden.
* Bereitstellen von Unterstützung für Sie. Wir verwenden Dienstdaten, um den technischen Support für Cloud-Dienste bereitzustellen, den Sie und unsere Kunden anfordern, und um zu beurteilen, ob wir Ihre Anforderungen erfüllt haben. Wir verwenden Dienstdaten auch, um unseren technischen Support zu verbessern, Sie und unsere Kunden über Aktualisierungen von Cloud-Diensten zu informieren und andere Benachrichtigungen zu senden.
* Bereitstellen von Schutz für Sie, unsere Nutzer, Kunden, die Öffentlichkeit und Google. Wir verwenden Dienstdaten, um Betrug, Missbrauch, Sicherheitsrisiken und technische Probleme, die Ihnen, anderen Nutzern, unseren Kunden, der Öffentlichkeit oder Google schaden könnten, zu erkennen, zu verhindern und darauf zu reagieren. Dies trägt dazu bei, unsere Dienste geschützter, zuverlässiger und sicherer zu machen.
* Einhalten gesetzlicher Verpflichtungen. Wir verwenden Dienstdaten, um unseren gesetzlichen Verpflichtungen nachzukommen (z. B. wenn wir auf ein Gerichtsverfahren oder eine durchsetzbare behördliche Aufforderung reagieren oder unseren Verpflichtungen zur Aufbewahrung von Finanzunterlagen nachkommen).
Um diese Verarbeitungszwecke zu erreichen, verwenden wir Algorithmen, um
Muster in Dienstdaten zu erkennen; manuelle Überprüfung von Dienstdaten (z. B.
wenn Sie direkt mit unseren Abrechnungs- oder Supportteams interagieren);
Aggregation oder Anonymisierung von Dienstdaten, um personenbezogene
Informationen zu löschen; und Kombination von Dienstdaten mit Informationen
aus anderen Google-Produkten und -Diensten. Wir verwenden Dienstdaten auch für
die interne Berichterstattung und Analyse anwendbarer Produkt- und
Geschäftsvorgänge.
#### Wo Dienstdaten gespeichert werden
Wir betreiben Rechenzentren auf der ganzen Welt und bieten Google Workspace
(einschließlich Google Workspace for Education) und Cloud Identity (falls
separat erhältlich) von diesen Standorten und die Google Cloud Platform von
diesen Standorten an.
Dienstdaten können auf Servern außerhalb des Landes, in dem sich unsere
Benutzer und Kunden befinden, verarbeitet werden, da Dienstdaten normalerweise
von zentralisierten oder regionalisierten Vorgängen wie Abrechnung, Support
und Sicherheit verarbeitet werden.
Unabhängig davon, wo Dienstdaten verarbeitet werden, wenden wir die gleichen
Schutzmaßnahmen an, wie in diesen Datenschutzhinweisen beschrieben. Bei der
Übermittlung von Dienstdaten außerhalb des Europäischen Wirtschaftsraums
halten wir uns an bestimmte gesetzliche Rahmenbedingungen.
#### Wie wir Dienstdaten sichern
Wir bauen Cloud-Dienste mit starken Sicherheitsfunktionen zum Schutz Ihrer
Daten. Die Erkenntnisse, die wir aus der Bereitstellung unserer Dienste
gewinnen, helfen uns, Sicherheitsbedrohungen zu erkennen und automatisch daran
zu hindern, Sie jemals zu erreichen.
Wir arbeiten hart daran, die Dienstdaten, die wir haben, vor unbefugtem
Zugriff, Änderung, Offenlegung oder Zerstörung zu schützen, unter anderem
durch:
* Verschlüsselung von Dienstdaten im Ruhezustand und während der Übertragung zwischen unseren Einrichtungen;
* Regelmäßige Überprüfung unserer Praktiken zur Erhebung, Speicherung und Verarbeitung von Dienstdaten, einschließlich unserer physischen Sicherheitsmaßnahmen, um unbefugten Zugriff auf unsere Systeme zu verhindern; und
* Beschränkung des Zugriffs auf Dienstdaten auf Mitarbeiter, Auftragnehmer und Vertreter von Google, die Zugriff benötigen, um Dienstdaten für uns zu verarbeiten. Jeder mit diesem Zugriff unterliegt strengen vertraglichen Vertraulichkeitsverpflichtungen und kann disziplinarisch bestraft oder gekündigt werden, wenn er diesen Verpflichtungen nicht nachkommt.
#### Wie wir Dienstdaten teilen
Wir weisen unsere verbundenen Unternehmen an, Dienstdaten für die oben unter
„Warum wir Dienstdaten verarbeiten“ aufgeführten Zwecke in Übereinstimmung mit
diesen Datenschutzhinweisen und angemessenen Vertraulichkeits- und
Sicherheitsmaßnahmen zu verarbeiten.
Außer in den folgenden Fällen geben wir keine Dienstdaten an Unternehmen,
Organisationen oder Personen außerhalb von Google weiter:
* Wenn Sie Dienste von Drittanbietern beschaffen
Wir geben Dienstdaten außerhalb von Google weiter, wenn Sie oder unser Kunde
sich dafür entscheiden/-t, einen Drittanbieterdienst über Google Cloud
Platform, den Google Cloud Platform Marketplace oder den Google Workspace
Marketplace zu erwerben, oder eine Drittanbieteranwendung, die Zugriff auf
Ihre Dienstdaten anfordert, zu verwenden.
* Mit Ihrer Zustimmung
Wir geben Dienstdaten außerhalb von Google weiter, wenn wir Ihre Zustimmung
erhalten haben.
* Mit Ihren Administratoren und autorisierten Resellern
Wenn Sie Cloud-Dienste verwenden, haben Ihr Administrator und Reseller, die
autorisiert sind, Ihr Konto oder das Konto Ihrer Organisation zu verwalten,
Zugriff auf bestimmte Dienstdaten. Beispielsweise können sie:
* Konto- und Rechnungsinformationen, Aktivitäten und Statistiken ansehen;
* Ihr Kontopasswort ändern;
* Ihren Kontozugriff sperren oder beenden;
* Auf Ihre Kontoinformationen zugreifen, um geltendem Recht, Vorschriften, Gerichtsverfahren oder durchsetzbaren behördlichen Anfragen nachzukommen;
* Ihre Möglichkeit einschränken, Ihre Informationen oder Ihre Datenschutzeinstellungen zu löschen oder zu bearbeiten.
* Zur externen Verarbeitung
Wir verkaufen Ihre Dienstdaten nicht an Dritte.
Wir teilen Dienstdaten mit vertrauenswürdigen Drittanbietern, um sie für uns
zu verarbeiten, gemäß unseren Weisungen und in Übereinstimmung mit diesen
Datenschutzhinweisen und angemessenen Vertraulichkeits- und
Sicherheitsmaßnahmen. Insbesondere geben wir Dienstdaten an unsere
Drittanbieter weiter, wenn Sie technische Supportdienste (wir teilen die
Informationen, die Sie im Support-Ticket zur Verfügung stellen) und
professionelle Dienste (wir teilen Ihre Kontaktdaten, um Kommunikation und
Zusammenarbeit zu ermöglichen) anfordern.
* Aus rechtlichen Gründen
Wir geben Dienstdaten außerhalb von Google weiter, wenn wir nach Treu und
Glauben der Ansicht sind, dass der Zugriff auf oder die Offenlegung dieser
Dienstdaten vernünftigerweise erforderlich ist, um:
* geltendem Recht, Vorschriften, Gerichtsverfahren oder durchsetzbaren behördlichen Anforderungen nachzukommen. Wir teilen Informationen über die Anzahl und Art der Anfragen, die wir von Regierungen erhalten, in unserem Transparenzbericht.
* geltende Vereinbarungen durchzusetzen, einschließlich der Untersuchung potenzieller Verstöße.
* Betrug, Sicherheitsprobleme oder technische Probleme zu erkennen, zu verhindern oder anderweitig zu adressieren.
* vor Gefahren für Rechte, Eigentum oder Sicherheit von Google, unseren Kunden, Nutzern und der Öffentlichkeit zu schützen, wie gesetzlich vorgeschrieben oder zulässig.
Wenn Google an einer Umstrukturierung, Fusion, Übernahme oder dem Verkauf von
Vermögenswerten beteiligt ist, werden wir weiterhin die Vertraulichkeit der
Dienstdaten gewährleisten und die betroffenen Nutzer benachrichtigen, bevor
die Dienstdaten anderen Datenschutzhinweisen unterliegen.
#### Zugriff auf Dienstdaten
Ihre Organisation kann Ihnen gewähren, auf ihre Daten zuzugreifen und sie zu
exportieren, um sie zu sichern oder an einen Dienst außerhalb von Google zu
übertragen. Einige Google Cloud-Dienste ermöglichen Ihnen den direkten Zugriff
auf und das Herunterladen der Daten, die Sie in den Diensten gespeichert
haben. Wie näher beschrieben in unserem Google Workspace-Leitfaden zu Anfragen
betroffener Personen, können Sie und Ihre Organisation diverse Tools nutzen,
um auf Ihre Daten zuzugreifen, diese zu kontrollieren und zu exportieren.
Sie und der Administrator Ihrer Organisation können direkt von Google Cloud
aus auf verschiedene Arten von Dienstdaten zugreifen, einschließlich Ihrer
Kontoinformationen, Rechnungskontaktinformationen, Zahlungs- und
Transaktionsinformationen sowie Produkt- und Kommunikationseinstellungen und
-konfigurationen.
Wenn Sie anderweitig nicht auf Ihre Dienstdaten zugreifen können, können Sie
dies jederzeit hier anfragen.
#### Aufbewahrung und Löschung von Dienstdaten
Wir speichern Dienstdaten für unterschiedliche Zeiträume, abhängig von der Art
der Daten, wie wir sie verwenden und wie Sie Ihre Einstellungen konfigurieren.
Wenn wir Dienstdaten nicht mehr benötigen, löschen oder anonymisieren wir sie.
Für jede Art von Dienstdaten und Verarbeitungsvorgängen legen wir
Aufbewahrungsfristen basierend auf den Zwecken fest, für die wir sie
verarbeiten, und stellen wir sicher, dass die Dienstdaten nicht länger als
nötig aufbewahrt werden. Wir speichern die meisten Arten von Dienstdaten für
einen festgelegten Zeitraum von bis zu 180 Tagen (die genaue Anzahl hängt von
der jeweiligen Art der Daten ab). Einige Dienstdaten können jedoch für längere
Zeit aufbewahrt werden, wenn dies aus geschäftlichen Gründen erforderlich ist.
Wir haben im Allgemeinen längere Aufbewahrungsfristen (die über ein Jahr
betragen können) für Dienstdaten für die folgenden Zwecke:
* Sicherheit, Betrugs- und Missbrauchsprävention. Wir bewahren Dienstdaten auf, wenn dies zum Schutz vor betrügerischen Versuchen, sich Zugriff auf Benutzerkonten zu verschaffen, oder zur Untersuchung von Verstößen gegen geltende Vereinbarungen über Cloud-Dienste erforderlich ist. Üblicherweise umfassen die bei Verdacht auf Betrug oder Missbrauch aufbewahrten Dienstdaten Gerätekennungen, Kennungen von Cookies oder Tokens und IP-Adressen sowie Log-Daten über die Nutzung der Cloud-Dienste.
* Einhaltung gesetzlicher oder behördlicher Anforderungen. Wir bewahren Dienstdaten auf, wenn dies im Rahmen eines durchsetzbaren Rechtsverfahrens erforderlich ist, z. B. wenn Google eine rechtmäßige Vorladung erhält.
* Erfüllung steuerlicher, buchhalterischer oder finanzieller Anforderungen. Wenn Google eine Zahlung für Sie verarbeitet oder wenn Sie eine Zahlung an Google leisten, bewahren wir Dienstdaten zu diesen Transaktionen (einschließlich Rechnungsinformationen) in der Regel für mindestens fünf Jahre auf, wie dies für steuerliche oder buchhalterische Zwecke erforderlich oder zur Einhaltung von geltenden Finanzvorschriften erforderlich ist.
Am Ende der geltenden Aufbewahrungsfrist befolgen wir detaillierte Protokolle,
um sicherzustellen, dass die Dienstdaten sicher und vollständig von unseren
aktiven Systemen (den Servern, die Google verwendet, um Anwendungen
auszuführen und Daten zu speichern) gelöscht oder nur in anonymisierter Form
aufbewahrt werden. Nach Abschluss dieser Schritte verbleiben Kopien der
Dienstdaten für einen begrenzten Zeitraum in unseren verschlüsselten Backup-
Systemen (die wir unterhalten, um Dienstdaten vor versehentlichem oder
böswilligem Löschen und zu Zwecken der Ausfall- und Notfallwiederherstellung
zu schützen), bevor sie durch neue Backup-Kopien überschrieben werden.
#### Verwenden von Google-Konten und -Produkten
Ihr Google-Konto ist Ihre Verbindung zu allen Google-Produkten und -Diensten,
nicht nur zu Cloud-Diensten. Wenn Sie sich dafür entscheiden, Google-Produkte
und -Dienste außerhalb von Cloud-Diensten zu verwenden, beschreiben die
Google-Datenschutzhinweise, wie Ihre personenbezogenen Informationen
(einschließlich der Profilinformationen Ihres Google-Kontos) erhoben und
verwendet werden. Sie und Ihr Administrator können steuern, welche anderen
Google-Dienste Sie verwenden dürfen, während Sie bei einem von Ihrer
Organisation verwalteten Google-Konto angemeldet sind.
Wenn Sie mit Cloud-Diensten über ein von Ihrer Organisation verwaltetes
Google-Konto interagieren, unterliegen Ihre personenbezogenen Informationen
möglicherweise den Datenschutzrichtlinien und -prozessen Ihrer Organisation,
und Sie sollten Datenschutzanfragen an Ihre Organisation richten.
#### EU-Datenschutzstandards und DSGVO
Ausübung Ihrer Datenschutzrechte
Wenn Datenschutzgesetze der Europäischen Union (EU), des Vereinigten
Königreichs oder der Schweiz auf die Verarbeitung von Sie betreffenden
Dienstdaten Anwendung finden, haben Sie bestimmte Rechte, einschließlich der
Rechte auf Auskunft, Berichtigung, Löschung und Export Ihrer Dienstdaten und
Widerspruch gegen die Verarbeitung Ihrer Dienstdaten einzulegen oder zu
verlangen, dass wir die Verarbeitung Ihrer Dienstdaten einschränken.
Google Cloud EMEA Ltd ist der für Ihre Dienstdaten verantwortliche
Datenverantwortliche. Wenn unser Kunde jedoch eine Vereinbarung über Cloud-
Dienste mit einem anderen verbundenen Unternehmen von Google abgeschlossen
hat, ist dieses verbundene Unternehmen der Datenverantwortliche, der nur für
die Verarbeitung Ihrer Dienstdaten in Verbindung mit der Abrechnung der Cloud-
Dienste verantwortlich ist.
Wenn Sie Ihre Datenschutzrechte in Bezug auf Dienstdaten ausüben möchten, die
wir gemäß dieser Datenschutzhinweise verarbeiten, und Sie dies nicht über die
Ihnen oder dem Administrator Ihrer Organisation zur Verfügung stehenden Tools
tun können, können Sie Google über unser Privacy Help Center kontaktieren.
Sie können sich jederzeit an Ihre örtliche Datenschutzbehörde wenden, wenn Sie
Bedenken bezüglich Ihrer Rechte nach örtlichem Recht haben.
Unsere Gründe für die Verarbeitung Ihrer Dienstdaten
Wenn wir Dienstdaten für die in diesen Datenschutzhinweisen beschriebenen
Zwecke verarbeiten (siehe „Warum wir Dienstdaten verarbeiten“ oben), stützen
wir uns auf die folgenden Rechtsgrundlagen:
Zweck
Arten von verarbeiteten Dienstdaten
Rechtsgrundlagen
Bereitstellen von Cloud-Diensten, die Sie anfordern.
Die folgenden Arten von Dienstdaten, soweit für den Zweck erforderlich:
* Kontoinformationen
* Cloud-Zahlungen und -Transaktionen
* Cloud-Einstellungen und -Konfigurationen
* Technische und betriebliche Details Ihrer Nutzung von Cloud-Diensten
* Ihre direkte Kommunikation
Wenn erforderlich für unsere berechtigten Interessen zur Erfüllung von
vertraglichen Verpflichtungen, die wir unseren Kunden schulden, um die Cloud-
Dienste bereitzustellen.
Abgeben von Empfehlungen, um die Nutzung von Cloud-Diensten zu optimieren.
Die folgenden Arten von Dienstdaten, soweit für den Zweck erforderlich:
* Kontoinformationen
* Cloud-Zahlungen und -Transaktionen
* Cloud-Einstellungen und -Konfigurationen
* Technische und betriebliche Details Ihrer Nutzung von Cloud-Diensten
* Ihre direkte Kommunikation
Wenn wir berechtigte Interessen verfolgen, um den bestmöglichen Service
anzubieten, und sicherzustellen, dass unsere Kunden wissen, wie sie unsere
Dienstleistungen optimal nutzen können.
In einigen Fällen werden wir Ihre Zustimmung ersuchen, um Ihnen
Marketingmitteilungen zuzusenden.
Warten und verbessern von Cloud-Diensten.
Die folgenden Arten von Dienstdaten, soweit für den Zweck erforderlich:
* Kontoinformationen
* Cloud-Einstellungen und -Konfigurationen
* Technische und betriebliche Details Ihrer Nutzung von Cloud-Diensten
* Ihre direkte Kommunikation
Wenn erforderlich für unsere berechtigten Interessen, die bestmöglichen Cloud-
Dienste anzubieten, und auch weiterhin die Cloud-Dienste zu verbessern, um die
Bedürfnisse unserer Kunden zu erfüllen.
Bereitstellen und verbessern anderer von Ihnen angeforderter Dienste.
Die folgenden Arten von Dienstdaten, soweit für den Zweck erforderlich:
* Kontoinformationen
* Cloud-Einstellungen und -Konfigurationen
* Technische und betriebliche Details Ihrer Nutzung von Cloud-Diensten
* Ihre direkte Kommunikation
Wenn erforderlich für unsere berechtigten Interessen zur Erfüllung von
vertraglichen Verpflichtungen, die wir unseren Kunden zur Bereitstellung der
Cloud-Dienste schulden; und wenn erforderlich für unsere berechtigten
Interessen, die bestmöglichen Dienste anzubieten und die Cloud-Dienste weiter
zu verbessern, um die Bedürfnisse unserer Kunden zu erfüllen.
Bereitstellen von Unterstützung für Sie.
Die folgenden Arten von Dienstdaten, soweit für den Zweck erforderlich:
* Kontoinformationen
* Cloud-Zahlungen und -Transaktionen
* Cloud-Einstellungen und -Konfigurationen
* Technische und betriebliche Details Ihrer Nutzung von Cloud-Diensten
* Ihre direkte Kommunikation
Wenn erforderlich für unsere berechtigten Interessen zur Erfüllung von
vertraglichen Verpflichtungen, die wir unseren Kunden zur Bereitstellung der
Cloud-Dienste schulden.
Bereitstellen von Schutz für Sie, unsere Nutzer, Kunden, die Öffentlichkeit
und Google.
Die folgenden Arten von Dienstdaten, soweit für den Zweck erforderlich:
* Kontoinformationen
* Cloud-Zahlungen und -Transaktionen
* Cloud-Einstellungen und -Konfigurationen
* Technische und betriebliche Details Ihrer Nutzung von Cloud-Diensten
* Ihre direkte Kommunikation
Wenn erforderlich für das berechtigte Interesse von Google, um vor Gefahren
für Rechte, Eigentum und Sicherheit von Google zu schützen, und wenn
erforderlich für berechtigte Interessen von Google und Dritten, um unsere
Nutzer, unsere Kunden und die Öffentlichkeit vor Gefahren zu schützen,
einschließlich vor kriminellen Handlungen und Rechtsverletzungen.
Einhalten gesetzlicher Verpflichtungen.
Abhängig von den spezifischen gesetzlichen Verpflichtungen die folgenden Arten
von Dienstdaten:
* Kontoinformationen
* Cloud-Zahlungen und -Transaktionen
* Cloud-Einstellungen und -Konfigurationen
* Technische und betriebliche Details Ihrer Nutzung von Cloud-Diensten
* Ihre direkte Kommunikation
Wenn wir dazu gesetzlich verpflichtet sind. Zum Beispiel, wenn wir auf ein
Gerichtsverfahren oder eine durchsetzbare behördliche Aufforderung reagieren
oder Informationen zu Ihren Einkäufen und Mitteilungen aufbewahren, um unseren
Aufzeichnungspflichten nachzukommen.
#### Brasilien-Anforderungen
Wenn brasilianisches Datenschutzrecht auf die Verarbeitung von Dienstdaten
Anwendung findet, haben Sie bestimmte Rechte, einschließlich des Rechts auf
Auskunft, Berichtigung, Löschung oder Export Ihrer Dienstdaten sowie auf
Widerspruch oder Aufforderung, die Verarbeitung von Dienstdaten
einzuschränken. Sie haben auch das Recht, der Verarbeitung von Dienstdaten zu
widersprechen oder Dienstdaten in einen anderen Dienst zu exportieren.
Für Nutzer mit Sitz in Brasilien ist Google LLC der Datenverantwortliche für
die von uns für Google Workspace und Google Workspace for Education erhobenen
Dienstdaten, und der für die von uns für die Google Cloud Platform erhobenen
Dienstdaten verantwortliche Datenverantwortliche ist Cloud Brasil Computação e
Serviços de Dados Ltda. Wenn Sie Ihre Datenschutzrechte in Bezug auf
Dienstdaten ausüben möchten, die wir gemäß diesen Datenschutzhinweisen
verarbeiten, und dies nicht über die Tools tun können, die Ihnen oder dem
Administrator Ihrer Organisation zur Verfügung stehen, können Sie jederzeit
Google über unser Privacy Help Center kontaktieren. Und Sie können sich an
Ihre Datenschutzbehörde wenden, wenn Sie Bedenken hinsichtlich Ihrer Rechte
nach brasilianischem Recht haben.
Zusätzlich zu den in diesen Datenschutzhinweisen beschriebenen Zwecken und
Gründen können wir Dienstdaten aus den folgenden rechtlichen Gründen
verarbeiten:
* Wenn dies für die Erfüllung eines Vertrags mit Ihnen erforderlich ist
Wir können Ihre Informationen verarbeiten, wenn erforderlich, damit wir einen
Vertrag mit Ihnen abschließen können oder um unseren vertraglichen
Verpflichtungen Ihnen gegenüber nachzukommen.
* Wenn wir gesetzlichen Verpflichtungen nachkommen
Wir verarbeiten Ihre Informationen, wenn wir gesetzlich dazu verpflichtet
sind.
* Wenn wir berechtigte Interessen verfolgen
Wir können Dienstdaten auf Grundlage von unseren berechtigten Interessen und
denen von Dritten verarbeiten, während wir angemessene Sicherheitsvorkehrungen
treffen, die Ihre Privatsphäre schützen. Das bedeutet, dass wir Ihre
Informationen verarbeiten im Interesse der Bereitstellung der von Ihnen
angeforderten Cloud-Dienste; der Abgabe von Empfehlungen zur Optimierung der
Nutzung von Cloud-Diensten; der Wartung und Verbesserung von Cloud-Diensten;
der Bereitstellung und Verbesserung anderer von Ihnen angeforderter Dienste;
der Unterstützung für Sie; und zum Schutz vor Gefahren für Rechte, Eigentum
oder Sicherheit von Google, unseren Nutzern, unseren Kunden und der
Öffentlichkeit, wie gesetzlich vorgeschrieben oder zulässig.
#### Anforderungen der Datenschutzgesetze von U.S.-Bundesstaaten
Einige Datenschutzgesetze von US-Bundesstaaten, wie der California Consumer
Privacy Act (CCPA) und Virginia Consumer Data Protection Act (VCDPA),
verlangen spezifische Offenlegungen für Einwohner der Staaten.
Diese Datenschutzhinweise sollen Ihnen helfen zu verstehen, wie Google mit
Dienstdaten umgeht:
* Wir erläutern die Kategorien von Dienstdaten, die Google erhebt, und die Quellen dieser Dienstdaten in Von uns erhobene Dienstdaten.
* Wir erklären, wie Google Dienstdaten verwendet in Warum wir Dienstdaten verarbeiten.
* Wir erklären, wann Google Informationen weitergeben kann in Wie wir Dienstdaten teilen. Google verkauft keine Dienstdaten an Dritte. Google „teilt“ Ihre personenbezogenen Informationen auch nicht, so wie dieser Begriff im CCPA definiert ist.
* Wir erläutern, wie Google Dienstdaten in Aufbewahrung und Löschung von Dienstdaten aufbewahrt.
Gesetze von Staaten, wie der CCPA und VCDPA, sehen auch das Recht vor,
Informationen darüber anzufordern, wie Google Dienstdaten erhebt, verwendet
und offenlegt. Und sie geben Ihnen das Recht, auf Dienstdaten zuzugreifen und
diese zu korrigieren sowie Google aufzufordern, diese Dienstdaten zu löschen.
Wir stellen Informationen und Tools zur Verfügung, wie in Zugriff auf
Dienstdaten beschrieben, damit Sie diese Rechte ausüben können. Wenn Sie sie
verwenden, validieren wir Ihre Anfrage, indem wir Ihre Identität überprüfen
(z. B. indem wir bestätigen, dass Sie in Ihrem Google-Konto angemeldet sind).
Wenn Sie Fragen oder Anfragen zu Ihren Rechten gemäß dem CCPA oder VCDPA
haben, können Sie (oder Ihr autorisierter Vertreter) sich auch an Google
wenden. Und wenn Sie mit der Entscheidung zu Ihrem Antrag nicht einverstanden
sind, können Sie Google bitten, ihn noch einmal zu überdenken, indem Sie auf
die E-Mail des Teams antworten.
Der CCPA verlangt eine Beschreibung der Dienstdatenpraktiken unter Verwendung
bestimmter Kategorien. Diese Tabelle verwendet diese Kategorien, um die
Informationen in diesen Datenschutzhinweisen zu organisieren.
Kategorien von Dienstdaten, die wir erheben Geschäftszwecke, für die
Dienstdaten verwendet oder offengelegt werden können Parteien, mit denen
Dienstdaten geteilt werden können
Identifikatoren und ähnliche Informationen wie Ihr/e Referenzen, Name,
Telefonnummer, Adresse und Berufsbezeichnungen sowie eindeutige
Identifikatoren, die mit dem von Ihnen verwendeten Browser, der Anwendung oder
dem Gerät verknüpft sind.
Demografische Informationen, wie Ihre bevorzugte Sprache und Alter.
Kommerzielle Informationen wie Aufzeichnungen über Gebühren, Zahlungen und
Rechnungsdetails und -probleme.
Technische und betriebliche Details Ihrer Nutzung von Cloud Services, wie
Informationen über Ihre Nutzung, den Betriebsstatus, Softwarefehler und
Absturzberichte, Authentifizierungsdaten, Qualitäts- und Leistungskennzahlen
und andere technische Details, die für uns zum Betrieb und zur Wartung von
Cloud-Diensten und zugehöriger Software erforderlich sind. Dazu gehören
Gerätekennungen, Kennungen von Cookies oder Tokens und IP-Adressen.
Standortdaten, wie es durch GPS oder IP-Adresse bestimmt werden kann,
teilweise abhängig von Ihrem Gerät und Ihren Kontoeinstellungen.
Audio-, elektronische, visuelle und ähnliche Informationen, wie z. B.
Audioaufzeichnungen Ihrer Anrufe bei unseren technischen Supportanbietern.
Aus dem Obigen gezogene Schlussfolgerungen wie aggregierte Leistungskennzahlen
für eine neue Produktfunktion zur Bestimmung der Produktstrategie.
Google verarbeitet Dienstdaten für die folgenden Zwecke:
Schutz vor Sicherheitsbedrohungen , Missbrauch und illegalen Aktivitäten.
Google verwendet Dienstdaten und kann Dienstdaten offenlegen, um Betrug,
Missbrauch, Sicherheitsrisiken zu erkennen, zu verhindern und darauf zu
reagieren und um sich vor anderen böswilligen, irreführenden, betrügerischen
oder illegalen Aktivitäten zu schützen. Zum Schutz unserer Dienste kann Google
beispielsweise Informationen über IP-Adressen erhalten oder offenlegen, die
von böswilligen Akteuren gefährdet wurden.
Prüfung und Messung. Google verwendet Dienstdaten für Analysen und Messungen,
um zu verstehen, wie unsere Dienste verwendet werden, und um Ihnen und unseren
Kunden Empfehlungen und Tipps zu geben. Wir können nicht persönlich
identifizierbare Informationen öffentlich und gegenüber Partnern offenlegen,
einschließlich zu Prüfungszwecken.
Aufrechterhaltung unserer Dienstleistungen. Google verwendet Dienstdaten, um
Cloud-Dienste und die damit verbundenen technischen Support und andere von
Ihnen angeforderte Dienste bereitzustellen und sicherzustellen, dass sie wie
vorgesehen funktionieren, wie z. B. durch Nachverfolgung von Ausfällen oder
Behebung von Fehlern und anderen Problemen, die Sie uns melden.
Produktentwicklung. Google verwendet Dienstdaten, um Cloud-Dienste und andere
von Ihnen angeforderte Dienste zu verbessern und um neue Produkte, Funktionen
und Technologien zu entwickeln, von denen unsere Nutzer und Kunden
profitieren.
Nutzung von Dienstleistern. Google gibt Dienstdaten an Dienstanbieter weiter,
um Dienste in unserem Namen zu erbringen, in Übereinstimmung mit diesen
Datenschutzhinweisen und anderen angemessenen Vertraulichkeits- und
Sicherheitsmaßnahmen. Beispielsweise können wir uns auf Dienstleister
verlassen, die uns bei der Bereitstellung von technischem Support helfen.
Rechtliche Gründe. Google verwendet Dienstdaten auch, um geltende Gesetze oder
Vorschriften einzuhalten, und gibt Informationen als Reaktion auf
Gerichtsverfahren oder durchsetzbare behördliche Anfragen, einschließlich
Strafverfolgungsbehörden, weiter. Wir geben Auskunft über die Anzahl und Art
der Anfragen, die wir von Regierungen erhalten in unserem Transparenzbericht.
Wir geben Dienstdaten nicht an Unternehmen, Organisationen oder Personen
außerhalb von Google weiter, außer in den folgenden Fällen:
Wenn Sie Dienstleistungen von Drittanbietern beschaffen. Wir geben Dienstdaten
außerhalb von Google weiter, wenn Sie oder unsere Kunden sich dafür
entscheiden, einen Drittanbieterdienst über die Google Cloud Platform, den
Google Cloud Platform Marketplace oder den Google Workspace Marketplace zu
erwerben oder eine Drittanbieteranwendung zu verwenden, die Zugriff auf Ihre
Servicedaten anfordert.
Mit Ihrer Zustimmung. Wir geben Dienstdaten außerhalb von Google weiter, wenn
wir Ihre Zustimmung erhalten haben.
Bei Ihren Administratoren und autorisierten Resellern. Wenn Sie Cloud-Dienste
verwenden, haben Ihr Administrator und Reseller, die zur Verwaltung Ihres
Kontos oder des Kontos Ihrer Organisation autorisiert sind, Zugriff auf
bestimmte Dienstdaten.
Für die externe Verarbeitung. Wir teilen Diensdaten mit vertrauenswürdigen
Drittanbietern, um sie für uns zu verarbeiten, wie wir sie anweisen und in
Übereinstimmung mit dieser Datenschutzerklärung und angemessenen
Vertraulichkeits- und Sicherheitsmaßnahmen. Insbesondere geben wir Dienstdaten
an unsere Drittanbieter weiter, wenn Sie technische Supportdienste (wir teilen
die Informationen, die Sie im Support-Ticket angeben) und professionelle
Dienste (wir teilen Ihre Kontaktdaten, um Kommunikation und Zusammenarbeit zu
ermöglichen) anfordern.
Aus rechtlichen Gründen. Wir geben Dienstdaten außerhalb von Google weiter,
wenn wir nach Treu und Glauben davon ausgehen, dass der Zugriff auf oder die
Offenlegung von Dienstdaten vernünftigerweise erforderlich ist:
* Um geltende Gesetze, Vorschriften, Gerichtsverfahren oder durchsetzbare behördliche Anordnungen zu erfüllen. Wir teilen Informationen über die Anzahl und Art der Anfragen, die wir von Regierungen erhalten, in unserem Transparenzbericht.
* Um geltende Vereinbarungen durchzusetzen, einschließlich der Untersuchung potenzieller Verstöße.
* Um Betrug, Sicherheits- oder technische Probleme zu erkennen, verhindern oder anderweitig zu beheben.
* Um vor Gefahren für Rechte, Eigentum oder Sicherheit von Google, unseren Kunden, Nutzern und der Öffentlichkeit zu schützen, wie gesetzlich vorgeschrieben oder zulässig.
#### Korea-Anforderungen
Wenn für die Verarbeitung Ihrer Dienstdaten koreanisches Datenschutzrecht
gilt, stellen wir die folgenden zusätzlichen Informationen für Benutzer von
Cloud-Diensten bereit, die in Korea ansässig sind.
Aspekte erhobener personenbezogener Informationen. Wenn Sie unsere Cloud-
Dienste nutzen, werden die folgenden Dienstdaten erhoben: (i) Daten, die Sie
angeben, wenn Sie ein Konto für Cloud-Dienste erstellen oder einen Vertrag mit
uns abschließen (Anmeldeinformationen, Namen, Kontaktdaten und
Berufsbezeichnungen, Geburtsdatum und Geschlecht), (ii)
Geschäftsaufzeichnungen über Gebühren, Zahlungen, Rechnungsdetails und
Probleme; Kreditkarteninformationen und Verbindungsinformationen, (iii)
Konfiguration und Einstellungen, einschließlich Ressourcenkennungen und
-attribute sowie Dienst- und Sicherheitseinstellungen, (iv) Nutzung,
Betriebsstatus, Softwarefehler und Absturzberichte, Authentifizierungsdaten,
Qualitäts- und Leistungskennzahlen und andere technische Details,
Gerätekennungen, Kennungen von Cookies oder Tokens und IP-Adressen, (v) Ihre
Kommunikation und Interaktionen mit uns und unseren Partnern und Feedback,
jeweils wie hier beschrieben.
Die oben genannten personenbezogenen Informationen können über unser Netzwerk
zu den unten aufgeführten Zwecken an unsere Rechenzentren im Ausland
übermittelt und für die unten angegebene Aufbewahrungsfrist gespeichert
werden.
Wir können Cookies (kleine Textdateien, die auf dem Gerät des Benutzers
abgelegt werden) und ähnliche Technologien für eine Vielzahl von Zwecken
verwenden, einschließlich Benutzerpräferenzen oder -einstellungen,
Authentifizierungsinformationen oder Analysen. Die meisten Webbrowser
akzeptieren Cookies automatisch, bieten jedoch Steuerelemente, mit denen Sie
Cookies blockieren oder löschen können.
Zweck der Erhebung und Verwendung personenbezogener Informationen. Google
erhebt und verwendet Dienstdaten, (i) um von Ihnen angeforderte Cloud-Dienste
bereitzustellen, (ii) um Empfehlungen zur Optimierung der Nutzung von Cloud-
Diensten abzugeben, (iii) um Cloud-Dienste zu warten und zu verbessern, (iv)
um andere von Ihnen angeforderte Dienste bereitzustellen und zu verbessern (v)
um Sie zu unterstützen, (vi) um Sie, unsere Nutzer, Kunden, die Öffentlichkeit
und Google zu schützen, und (vii) um gesetzliche Verpflichtungen einzuhalten,
jeweils wie hier beschrieben.
Aufbewahrungsfrist für personenbezogene Informationen. Dienstdaten werden
gelöscht oder anonymisiert, sobald sie für die oben beschriebenen Zwecke nicht
mehr benötigt werden. Für jede Art von Daten und Vorgang legen wir
Aufbewahrungsfristen basierend auf dem Zweck ihrer Erhebung fest und stellen
sicher, dass sie nicht länger als nötig aufbewahrt werden.
Löschung personenbezogener Informationen. Wenn die Aufbewahrungsfrist abläuft
oder Sie die Löschung beantragen, wird sich Google nach besten Kräften
bemühen, diese Dienstdaten zu löschen, es sei denn, es besteht eine
gesetzliche Verpflichtung, die eine Verarbeitung erfordert, oder eine andere
Rechtsgrundlage für die Aufbewahrung der Dienstdaten. Wenn wir eine Anfrage
zum Löschen von Dienstdaten erhalten, läuft die Aufbewahrungsfrist der
Archivkopie ab, und verfuegt das Archivierungssystem von Google über einen
Mechanismus zum Überschreiben der abgelaufenen Daten. In einigen Fällen kann
es aus verschiedenen anderen Gründen erforderlich sein, einige Daten zu
speichern, z. B. zur Erfüllung gesetzlicher Verpflichtungen.
Weitergabe der Verarbeitung personenbezogener Informationen. Wir geben
Informationen an verbundene Unternehmen (hier für Google Cloud Platform und
hier für Google Workspace und Google Workspace for Education), Partner und
andere vertrauenswürdige Unternehmen oder Personen weiter, damit sie diese für
uns verarbeiten, basierend auf unseren Anweisungen und in Übereinstimmung mit
diesen Datenschutzhinweisen und anderen geeigneten Vertraulichkeits- und
Sicherheitsmaßnahmen.
Google hat Verträge mit den unten aufgeführten Drittanbietern, um Cloud-
Dienste für Einwohner Koreas bereitzustellen. Die Verträge legen diesen
Unternehmen Verpflichtungen auf, die Verarbeitung von Dienstdaten für andere
als die von uns angegebenen Zwecke zu untersagen, Dienstdaten nach Beendigung
der Verarbeitung zurückzugeben oder zu vernichten und Prozesse zu
implementieren, um sicherzustellen, dass diese Unternehmen diesen
Verpflichtungen nachkommen.
Drittanbieter
(Land der Registrierung)
Rolle
Zeitraum, Verarbeitungs-/Zugriffsmethode und zu verarbeitende/abzurufende
Elemente
EPAM Systems Japan G.K.
(Japan)
Webhelp Malaysia Sdn. Bhd
(Malaysia)
TELUS International Philippinen, Inc.
(Philippinen)
Infosys Limited.
(Japan)
Kundensupport für Cloud-Dienste Damit Google Einwohnern von Korea Cloud-
Dienste bereitstellen kann, können diese Unternehmen die oben erhobenen
personenbezogenen Informationen während der oben beschriebenen
Aufbewahrungsfrist aus dem Ausland verarbeiten, je nach ihren Rollen beim
Kundensupport, indem sie von Zeit zu Zeit über das Telekommunikationsnetzwerk
auf die personenbezogenen Informationen zugreifen.
Toss Payments Co., Ltd. (koreanisches Unternehmen) Zahlungs- und
Benachrichtigungsdienste
Korea Mobile Certification Inc (koreanisches Unternehmen)
Identitätsüberprüfungsdienst
D-Agent (koreanisches Unternehmen) Lokaler Vertreter für Datenschutzanfragen
von Benutzern
Juristisch Minderjährige. Unsere grundlegende Richtlinie besteht darin, keine
personenbezogenen Informationen von Einwohnern Koreas unter 14 Jahren zu
erheben. Wenn Sie Einwohner Koreas unter 14 Jahren sind, dürfen Sie Cloud-
Dienste nur mit Zustimmung eines Elternteils oder gesetzlichen Vertreters
nutzen.
Sicherheitsmaßnahmen für personenbezogene Informationen. Google ergreift die
oben im Abschnitt „Wie wir Dienstdaten schützen“ beschriebenen
administrativen, technischen und physischen Maßnahmen, um die Sicherheit von
Dienstdaten zu gewährleisten.
Kontaktinformationen. Wenn Sie Fragen zu den Datenschutzhinweisen oder
Datenschutzpraktiken von Google Cloud haben, wenden Sie sich bitte an unser
Datenschutzteam von Google (E-Mail: [email protected]).
Wenn Sie Ihre Datenschutzrechte in Bezug auf Dienstdaten ausüben möchten, die
wir gemäß dieser Datenschutzerklärung verarbeiten, und dies nicht über die
Ihnen oder dem Administrator Ihrer Organisation zur Verfügung stehenden Tools
tun können, können Sie sich jederzeit über unser Datenschutz-Hilfezentrum an
Google wenden. Und Sie können sich an Ihre örtliche Datenschutzbehörde (z. B.
das Meldezentrum für Verletzungen personenbezogener Informationen) wenden,
wenn Sie Bedenken bezüglich Ihrer Rechte nach dem koreanischen
Datenschutzgesetz haben.
Lokale Vertreter gemäß dem Gesetz zum Schutz personenbezogener Informationen
und dem Gesetz zur Förderung der Nutzung von Informations- und
Kommunikationsnetzen und zum Schutz von Informationen finden Sie unten:
* Name und Vertreter: D-Agent Co., Ltd. (CEO Byung-gun An)
* Adresse und Kontaktinformationen : #1116, Platinum Building, Gwanghwamun 28, Saemunan-ro 5-ga-gil, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 02-737-0346, [email protected]
#### Japanische Anforderungen
Wenn das japanische Datenschutzgesetz (das Gesetz zum Schutz personenbezogener
Informationen, „APPI“) auf die Verarbeitung Ihrer Dienstdaten Anwendung
findet, stellen wir die folgenden zusätzlichen Informationen für Benutzer von
Cloud-Diensten bereit, die in Japan ansässig sind.
Verantwortlicher für Dienstdaten. Alle Dienstdaten, die Google bereitgestellt
oder von Google gesammelt werden, werden hauptsächlich von Google LLC mit Sitz
in 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway Mountain View, CA 94043, USA, kontrolliert.
Vertreter ist Sundar Pichai, CEO.
Zweck der Erhebung und Verwendung personenbezogener Informationen. Google
erhebt und verwendet Dienstdaten für die Zwecke wie hier und hier dargelegt.
Maßnahmen zum Schutz gespeicherter personenbezogener Informationen.
Festlegung allgemeiner Richtlinien
Google erstellt und veröffentlicht diese Datenschutzhinweise, die unsere
allgemeine Richtlinie in Bezug auf Dienstdaten darlegen.
Festlegung interner Richtlinien zum Umgang mit personenbezogenen Daten
Google erstellt interne Richtlinien über Maßnahmen zum Umgang mit
Verantwortlichen und deren Verantwortung etc. in Bezug auf die Erhebung,
Nutzung, Aufzeichnung, Bereitstellung, Löschung etc. von personenbezogenen
Daten.
Interne Organisation als Sicherheitskontrollmaßnahme
Google verfügt über große Sicherheits- und Datenschutzteams, die für die
Entwicklung, Implementierung und Überprüfung interner Prozesse zur
Verarbeitung personenbezogener Daten verantwortlich sind. Google-Mitarbeiter
sind darin geschult, mutmaßliche Vorfälle im Zusammenhang mit
personenbezogenen Daten zu melden, was über verschiedene Kanäle erfolgen kann,
z. B. über spezielle E-Mail-Adressen oder digitale Plattformen. Ein spezielles
Team bewertet gemeldete Vorfälle, und gegebenenfalls wird ein koordiniertes
Team mit der Verwaltung des gesamten Vorfalls beauftragt, einschließlich der
Zusammenarbeit mit der Rechtsabteilung und dem Produktteam als Teil der
Untersuchung und Reaktion. Das Team in Bereitschaft für einen Vorfall wird
täglich rotiert. Die Reaktion auf Vorfälle kann je nach Schweregrad und
Priorität des Vorfalls entweder einem Standardweg oder einem beschleunigten
Weg folgen.
Personalmaßnahmen als Sicherheitskontrollmaßnahme
Google führt regelmäßig Schulungen für seine Mitarbeiter zu Themen durch, die
beim Umgang mit personenbezogenen Daten zu beachten sind.
Physische Maßnahmen als Sicherheitskontrollmaßnahme
Google ergreift Maßnahmen, um zu verhindern, dass unbefugte Personen in
jeglicher Situation auf personenbezogene Daten zugreifen, und um Diebstahl
oder Verlust von Geräten und elektronischen Medien für den Umgang mit
personenbezogenen Daten zu verhindern.
Technische Maßnahmen als Sicherheitskontrollmaßnahme
Weitere Informationen zu den Sicherheitsmaßnahmen, die zum Sichern,
Aufbewahren und Löschen von Dienstdaten ergriffen werden, finden Sie hier und
hier.
Untersuchung des externen Umfelds
Die Datenschutzgesetze sind von Land zu Land unterschiedlich, wobei einige
mehr Schutz bieten als andere. Google hat ein System zum Schutz
personenbezogener Informationen eingerichtet, um sicherzustellen, dass Ihren
Informationen ein Schutz gewährt wird, der dem von APPI entspricht, wie in den
Datenschutzhinweisen beschrieben. Unabhängig davon, wo Ihre Informationen
verarbeitet werden, wendet Google weltweit dieselben Maßnahmen zum Schutz
personenbezogener Informationen an. Wir halten uns auch an bestimmte
Rechtsrahmen in Bezug auf die Übermittlung von Daten, wie z. B. die
europäischen Frameworks. Weitere Einzelheiten finden Sie unter Legal
Frameworks for Data Transfers. Weitere Informationen zum Standort unserer
Rechenzentren, in denen Dienstdaten gespeichert werden, finden Sie hier. Es
kann Fälle geben, in denen Google die Verarbeitung von Informationen
Unterauftragsverarbeitern oder deren Tochtergesellschaften oder verbundenen
Unternehmen anvertraut. Informationen zu den Standorten der Google-
Niederlassungen, einschließlich Tochtergesellschaften und verbundenen
Unternehmen, finden Sie unter Google Office Locations. Informationen zum
Standort von Unterauftragsverarbeitern finden Sie hier.
Kontaktinformationen. Bei Nachfragen oder Anfragen zu Ihren Dienstdaten-
bezogenen Rechten nach geltendem Recht senden Sie bitte eine E-Mail an appi-
[email protected].
#### Aktualisierungen dieser Datenschutzhinweise
Wir können diese Datenschutzerklärung von Zeit zu Zeit aktualisieren. Wir
werden keine wesentlichen Änderungen vornehmen, ohne Sie im Voraus zu
benachrichtigen, indem wir auf dieser Seite eine deutlich sichtbare Mitteilung
veröffentlichen, in der die Änderungen beschrieben werden, oder Ihnen eine
direkte Mitteilung zukommen lassen. Wir empfehlen Ihnen, diese
Datenschutzhinweise regelmäßig zu überprüfen, und wir geben immer das Datum
an, an dem die letzten Änderungen veröffentlicht wurden.
Vorherige Versionen
* 14\. Dezember 2022
* 15\. November 2022
* 30\. Mai 2021
* 7\. Dezember 2020
Sofern nicht anders angegeben, sind die Inhalte dieser Seite unter der
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License und Codebeispiele unter der Apache
2.0 License lizenziert. Weitere Informationen finden Sie in den
Websiterichtlinien von Google Developers. Java ist eine eingetragene Marke von
Oracle und/oder seinen Partnern.
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*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
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*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
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*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
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*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
|
spiderum_text/666 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
YouTube Ads Jump to content
Why YouTube
How it works
Overview
How it works
Channel creation
Start a channel
Ad creation
Create a video ad
Campaign setup
Set up a campaign Find your audience Decide on a budget
Measurement
Measure your results
News and inspiration
Resources
Overview
Resources
Creative
Creative resources Creative partners
Measurement
Measurement tools
Insights
Best practices Success stories
FAQs
1-877-763-9810 Start now
# Create quality video ads that perform
## Anyone can create a high-quality video ad. Get step-by-step guidance on
how to make a great YouTube video ad â or use our video creation tools to
create one yourself in minutes.
Iâm looking for
pre-made templates to create a YouTube video ad guidance for producing a great
video ad a video pro to help bring my vision to life YouTube video ad
monitoring and analytics tools
## Create a video ad in minutes
Our free, fast video creation tools make it easy to turn content you have into
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## Your centralized video ad creation destination
Accessible directly within the Google Ads Asset Library, our video creation
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No experience required
No experience required
Data-driven performance
Data-driven performance
Rapid iteration friendly
Rapid iteration friendly
## No experience required
Create high-quality ads in a matter of minutes without investing precious time
and resources into planning and shooting. Simply customize one of our YouTube-
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Try Google Ads video creation tools
## Data-driven performance
Based on research into thousands of top-performing ads, our templates ensure
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Try Google Ads video creation tools
## Rapid iteration friendly
Our video creation tools enable you to rapidly test and iterate so you can
determine which ads work best for your audiences. Experiment with different
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for different audiences to achieve maximum impact from your video ads.
Try Google Ads video creation tools
* No experience required
No experience required
### No experience required
Create high-quality ads in a matter of minutes without investing precious time
and resources into planning and shooting. Simply customize one of our YouTube-
optimized templates with your brand images, logos, and colors. You also have
access to our extensive library of royalty-free music tracks to set the right
tone for your video.
Try Google Ads video creation tools
* Data-driven performance
Data-driven performance
### Data-driven performance
Based on research into thousands of top-performing ads, our templates ensure
that your brand and product are prominently displayed and that thereâs a
clear call to action. YouTube makes it easy to select the perfect template to
meet your goals â whether youâre introducing your brand, highlighting a
promotion, or encouraging your audience to shop with you online.
Try Google Ads video creation tools
* Rapid iteration friendly
Rapid iteration friendly
### Rapid iteration friendly
Our video creation tools enable you to rapidly test and iterate so you can
determine which ads work best for your audiences. Experiment with different
calls to action, alternate introductions to your brand, or imagery customized
for different audiences to achieve maximum impact from your video ads.
Try Google Ads video creation tools
* 1
* 2
* 3
## Use these resources to make your video ads shine
Producing your own video ad offers the most creative freedom, but it requires
a bit of know-how. Learn whatâs involved in making an effective YouTube
video ad so you can proceed to production with confidence.
### The ABCDs of video ads
Attention, Branding, Connection, Direction â these are the four principles
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Get the guide
### YouTube Audio Library
Navigating the complex world of music licensing can be intimidating. Thatâs
why we created the YouTube Audio Library. Choose from thousands of royalty-
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Explore the Audio Library
Story types and techniques
### Story types and techniques
Whether youâre just getting started or youâre an experienced video
creator, the ad you create will likely fit into an established story mold.
Consider using these, along with established production techniques, as a guide
when thinking about the kind of video you want to create.
Explore video techniques
YouTube creative directory
### YouTube creative directory
Whether youâre starting from scratch or repurposing a video you already
have, our creative directory makes it easy to find the help you need. Filter
by budget and types of services to quickly locate the pro resources you need.
Explore the creative directory
## Launch and measure
With YouTube Ads, you also get access to advanced analytics and performance
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Learn about video experiments
Video analytics
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The video you use is one of the biggest factors in how well a YouTube campaign
performs, so make sure yours is getting results. Use the free video analytics
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Learn about video analytics
## Get inspired
Sometimes there's nothing more powerful than finding inspiration in others.
Take a few minutes to explore these ad examples and tutorials, put together by
creators like you, to help jump-start your journey into more meaningful
results.
Production type Animation Built from stills Point and shoot Product in action
Selfie style Simple backdrop Told with text Top-down User showcase Voiceover
Story type Business story Product or service story Promotional story
Country Australia Canada South Korea United Kingdom United States
## Get started with YouTube Ads
Start now
### Connect
About YouTube
About Blog How YouTube Works Jobs Press YouTube Culture & Trends
Products
YouTube Kids YouTube Music YouTube Originals YouTube Premium YouTube
Select YouTube Studio YouTube TV
For Business
Developers YouTube Advertising
For Creators
Creating for YouTube Kids Creator Research Creator Services Directory
YouTube Artists YouTube Creators YouTube NextUp YouTube VR
Our Commitments
Creators for Change CSAI Match Social Impact
### About YouTube
### Products
### For Business
### For Creators
### Our Commitments
About Blog How YouTube Works Jobs Press YouTube Culture & Trends YouTube
Kids YouTube Music YouTube Originals YouTube Premium YouTube Select
YouTube Studio YouTube TV Developers YouTube Advertising Creating for
YouTube Kids Creator Research Creator Services Directory YouTube Artists
YouTube Creators YouTube NextUp YouTube VR Creators for Change CSAI Match
Social Impact
Policies & Safety Copyright Brand Guidelines Privacy Terms
Help
English (Australia) English (Canada) Deutsch (Deutschland) English (India)
English (Singapore) English (United Kingdom) English (UAE) English (China)
English (Hong Kong SAR China) English (Bahasa Indonesia) English (Israel)
English (United States)
#### Terms and conditions for this offer:
In the below terms, "Google Ads" may mean Google Ads or Google Ads Express, as
appropriate.
1. Offer available to customers with a billing address in the United States only. One promotional code per advertiser.
2. To activate this offer: Enter the promotional code in your account before December 31, 2020. In order to participate in this offer, you must enter the code within 14 days of your first ad impression being served from your first Google Ads account.
3. To earn the credit: After entering the code, your advertising campaigns must accrue costs of at least $50, excluding any taxes, within 30 days. Making a payment of $50 is not sufficient. The tracking of advertising costs towards $50 begins after you've entered the code.
4. Once 2 and 3 are completed, the credit will typically be applied within 5 days to the Billing Summary of your account.
5. Credits apply to future advertising costs only. Credits cannot be applied to costs accrued before the code was entered.
6. You wonât receive a notification once your credit is used up and any additional advertising costs will be charged to your form of payment. If you donât want to continue advertising, you can pause or delete your campaigns at any time.
7. Your account must be successfully billed by Google Ads and remain in good standing in order to qualify for the promotional credit.
Full terms and conditions can be found here
|
spiderum_text/1963 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
AboutPressCopyrightContact usCreatorsAdvertiseDevelopersTermsPrivacyPolicy &
SafetyHow YouTube worksTest new featuresNFL Sunday Ticket
© 2023 Google LLC
*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
|
spiderum_text/1511 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
### Đăng nhập & Đăng ký
5giay - Sàn Mua Bán Online
Trang chủ 5Giay > Laptop - PC - Tablet > Máy Tính Bảng Và Phụ Kiện >
### Tìm kiếm bài viết theo id
# iPad GEN 8 128GB GREY máy zin đẹp hoàn hảo
Thảo luận trong 'Máy Tính Bảng Và Phụ Kiện' bắt đầu bởi hieufpt, 28/9/22.
ID Topic : 9707489
Công cụ chủ đề
### Công cụ chủ đề
Giá bán:
7,700,000 đ
Điện thoại liên hệ:
09719.09719
Địa chỉ liên hệ:
23/1 nguyễn thái bình - Phường 4, Quận Tân Bình, TP.Hồ Chí Minh (Bản đồ)
Ngày đăng:
28/9/22 lúc 10:43
1. ### hieufpt VIP Đấu Giá
Tham gia ngày:
25/3/08
Bài viết:
42,087
> iPad GEN 8 gray 128GB wifi
> Máy Mĩ xài lướt đẹp 99.9%
> Sạc ít, PIN 100 ngon lành
> Màn hình 10.2 inch xài sướng
> Cấu hình mạnh mẽ, bền bỉ
> ✅ GIÁ MỀM = 7tr700
> ✅ Shop bảo hành 6 tháng
> (đã bao gồm bộ sạc cáp zin theo máy)
> ==> Hỗ trợ Giao Hàng Tận Nơi
> ————————
> APPLE ZIN
> ⚐ 23/1 nguyễn thái bình P4 Tân Bình HCM
> ☎️ HOTLINE: 09719.09719
>
> iPad GEN 8 128GB GREY máy zin đẹp hoàn hảo
>
Sạc cáp Macbook chính hãng Apple USA 29W/30W/61W/87W và cáp Apple C-C new
nguyên seal
\- Giá sỉ cực tốt cho ACE cửa hàng
\- Hotline 09719-09719
\[IMG\]
hieufpt, 28/9/22 lúc 10:43
#1
2. Tiện ích Mua-Bán trên 5giay.vn (Mobifone, Vinafone, Viettel)
UP 9707489 gửi 8177 UP 9707489 HOT gửi 8577
Topic của bạn sẽ lên đầu Topic của bạn sẽ có 5giay hot nổi bật
5GIAY 0 gửi 8777
Nạp tài khoản & Lên lịch Up topic tự động
Đang tải...
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### Ipad Gen6 32G 4G xạc 1L
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Tags: ipad, ipad air, ipad mini, ipad pro, ipad pro 9'7, ipad pro 12'9, ipad
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* ### Máy tính, Laptop
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* ### 2banh - 4banh
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*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
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*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
|
spiderum_text/3991 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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@GMktgPlatform
Dive into custom bidding to best optimize for your unique business goals.
Learn more → http://goo.gle/3uxtSZp
"Brands looking to optimize for their unique business goals have found success
with Display & Video 360's custom bidding."
Quote by, Casper Verhoofstad, Senior Product Manager, Display & Video 360,
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*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
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# Cloud Run for Anthos
Leverage Kubernetes and serverless together using Cloud Run for Anthos, a
Google-managed and supported Knative developer platform.
View documentation
View documentation
Cloud Run for Anthos
## Bringing serverless to Anthos
Integrated with Anthos, Cloud Run for Anthos provides a flexible serverless
development platform for hybrid and multicloud environments. Cloud Run for
Anthos is Google's managed and fully supported Knative offering, an open
source project that enables serverless workloads on Kubernetes. Cloud Run is
also available as a fully managed serverless platform on Google Cloud, without
the Kubernetes platform requirements.
Simplify development complexity logo
#### Simplify development complexity
Cloud Run for Anthos abstracts away the complexity of underlying
infrastructure, making it easy to build and deploy apps across hybrid and
multicloud environments.
Operational flexibility of Kubernetes logo
#### Operational flexibility of Kubernetes
Cloud Run for Anthos streamlines operational needs with advanced workload
autoscaling and automatic networking. You can even bring your existing
Kubernetes-based solutions which work seamlessly with Cloud Run for Anthos.
Serverless anywhere logo
#### Serverless anywhere
Cloud Run for Anthos allows you to deploy your workloads to Anthos clusters,
all with the same consistent experience.
## Features
### Simple developer experience
A simple command-line and user interface to quickly deploy and manage your
services. No need for developers to manage complex YAML files or even create
containers. Cloud Run for Anthos takes care of that for you.
### Optimized operator experience
Abstract the platform from application teams to quickly run serverless
workloads across complex infrastructure. Easily perform A/B tests with traffic
splitting, and quickly roll back to known good services.
### Fast autoscaling
Rapidly autoscales workloads based on your app's requests volume. Scale idle
workloads to zero instances to free up resources in your cluster, or set a
minimum instance count for baseline availability.
### Any language, any library, any binary
Use the programming language of your choice, any language or operating system
libraries, or even bring your own binaries.
### Leverage container workflows and standards
Containers have become a standard to package and deploy code and dependencies.
Cloud Run for Anthos leverages the container ecosystem with Cloud Build,
Artifact Registry, and cloud native buildpacks to automatically convert source
code to containers for you.
### Integrated logging and monitoring
Out-of-the-box integration with Cloud Monitoring, Cloud Logging, and Error
Reporting to ensure the health of an application.
### Built on Knative
Cloud Run for Anthos is Google's managed and fully supported Knative
experience, enabling portability of your workloads across platforms.
### Custom domains
Map your services to your own domains that your deployed apps automatically
use.
## Resources
Explore more helpful resources for Cloud Run for Anthos.
* Anthos Resources logo
Deploy a container to Cloud Run for Anthos
View quickstart
* Anthos Resources logo
Get an overview of Cloud Run (fully managed)
View quickstart
* Anthos Resources logo
Choosing a Cloud Run platform
View documentation
### Pricing
Cloud Run for Anthos is currently included with a subscription to Anthos. For
Anthos pricing, contact sales.
## Take the next step
Start building on Google Cloud with $300 in free credits and 20+ always free
products.
Try it free
Need help getting started?
Contact sales
Work with a trusted partner
Find a partner
Continue browsing
See all products
## Take the next step
Start your next project, explore interactive tutorials, and manage your
account.
View documentation
Need help getting started?
Contact sales
Work with a trusted partner
Find a partner
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See tutorials
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簡化資料庫遷移生命週期的指南和工具。
* 資料庫現代化
翻新作業資料庫基礎架構的相關升級工具。
* Google Cloud 資料庫
用於遷移、管理及翻新資料的資料庫服務。
* 將 Oracle 工作負載遷移至 Google Cloud
重新託管、重新編寫 Oracle 工作負載，以及變更所用平台。
* 開放原始碼資料庫
提供企業級支援的全代管開放原始碼資料庫。
* 在 Google Cloud 中使用 SQL Server
在 Google Cloud 中執行 SQL Server 虛擬機器的方案。
* 資料雲端
採用簡化的開放式資料導向轉型方式，整合貴機構的資料。這項服務內建 AI 技術，在速度、作業規模和安全性方面均無可匹敵。
* 資料庫解決方案
以安全、可靠、高可用性的全代管資料服務遷移及管理企業資料。
* 智慧型數據分析解決方案
全代管的無伺服器數據分析平台可大幅簡化分析作業，無論資料規模大小，都能立即產出深入分析結果。
* AI 解決方案
透過 AI 和機器學習技術帶動企業智慧升級及提高營運效率。
* ISV 的資料雲端
使用 BigQuery、Looker、Spanner 和 Vertex AI 等 Google 資料和機器學習解決方案，為您的軟體式服務 (SaaS)
應用程式推動革新、進行最佳化調整及增強效能。
* 資料雲端聯盟
這項計畫旨在協助全球企業進行數位轉型，確保在過程中能更順暢地存取所需資料，並能取得相關深入分析結果。
* 數位轉型
* 透過可建立混合式雲端與多雲端環境、產生智慧深入分析及讓員工保持聯繫的解決方案，加快業務復原速度，成就更美好的未來。
* 數位革新
重新構思營運方式，發掘新商機。
* 提升作業效率
設定各項投資的優先順序，並讓支出發揮最佳效益。
* COVID-19 解決方案
以更安全可靠的方式完成工作。
* 適用於醫療照護產業的 COVID-19 解決方案
Google 如何協助醫療照護產業應對超乎尋常的挑戰。
* 基礎架構現代化
透過 SAP、VMware、Windows、Oracle 和其他工作負載適用的解決方案快速完成遷移。
* 遷移應用程式
遷移至雲端的探索與分析工具。
* 在 Google Cloud 中使用 SAP
用於執行 SAP 應用程式和 SAP HANA 的憑證。
* 高效能運算
支援任何工作負載的運算、儲存和網路方案。
* 在 Google Cloud 中執行 Windows
執行 Windows 工作負載的工具和合作夥伴。
* 資料中心遷移
VM、應用程式和資料庫等項目的遷移解決方案。
* Active Assist
自動最佳化處理雲端資源並提高安全性。
* 虛擬桌面
適用於桌面環境和應用程式的遠距工作解決方案 (VDI 和 DaaS)。
* 迅速評估與遷移計畫 (RAMP)
端對端遷移計畫，可簡化遷移至雲端的方式。
* 備份和災難復原
確認符合貴公司的業務持續性需求。
* 生產力和協作能力
透過專為人類設計且具備影響力的解決方案改變團隊的工作方式。
* Google Workspace
適用於企業的協同合作與生產力工具。
* Google Workspace Essentials
專為團隊工作打造的安全視訊會議與現代化協作工具。
* Cloud Identity
用來管理使用者裝置和應用程式的整合式 IT 管理員平台。
* Chrome Enterprise
專為企業打造的 Chrome 作業系統、Chrome 瀏覽器和 Chrome 裝置。
* Cloud Search
可讓員工迅速找到公司資訊的企業搜尋工具。
* 安全性
偵測、調查及回應線上威脅，協助保護業務。
* 安全性分析與相關作業
用於分析 PB 規模安全性遙測資料的解決方案。
* 網頁應用程式和 API 防護
網頁應用程式和 API 的威脅與詐騙防護機制。
* 安全性與彈性架構
適用於安全性與彈性生命週期每個階段的解決方案。
* 風險控管與法規遵循程式碼 (RCaC)
透過自動化技術翻新管理、風險和法規遵循功能的解決方案。
* 軟體供應鏈安全性
提高端對端軟體供應鏈安全性的解決方案。
* 智慧型數據分析
全代管的無伺服器數據分析平台可大幅簡化分析作業，無論資料規模大小，都能立即產出深入分析結果。
* 資料倉儲現代化
可迅速展開遷移作業並取得深入分析結果的資料倉儲工具。
* 資料湖泊現代化
用於建構及翻新資料湖泊的服務。
* 在 Google Cloud 中使用 Spark
透過無伺服器且經過整合的環境，不論在任何位置都可執行及編寫 Spark。
* 串流分析
擷取、處理及分析事件串流，從中取得深入分析結果。
* 商業智慧
專為翻新商業智慧 (BI) 堆疊及創造豐富資料體驗而打造的解決方案。
* 數據資料學
在 Google Cloud 上搭配數據資料學使用您的資料。
* 行銷數據分析
用於收集、分析及啟用客戶資料的解決方案。
* 地理空間分析與 AI
可打造出興盛且永續的企業的解決方案。
* 資料集
提供 Google、商業供應商和公開的資料，可讓您的數據分析和 AI 應用計畫內容更加豐富。
* 新創公司和中小企業
透過量身打造的解決方案和計畫，加速推動新創公司成長與中小企業成長。
* 新創公司解決方案
運用 Google 經過驗證的技術，協助您的新創公司成長茁壯及解決最棘手的難題。
* 新創公司計畫
取得財務、業務與技術支援，讓您的新創公司更上一層樓。
* 中小企業
探索網站代管、應用程式開發、AI 和數據分析解決方案。
* 軟體式服務 (SaaS)
建構更優質的軟體式服務 (SaaS) 產品，有效率地調度資源及拓展業務。
產品
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* 精選產品
* Compute Engine
在 Google 資料中心內運作的虛擬機器。
* Cloud Storage
安全、耐用且可擴充的物件儲存空間。
* Cloud SDK
Google Cloud 的指令列工具和資料庫。
* Cloud SQL
適用於 MySQL、PostgreSQL 和 SQL Server 的關聯資料庫服務。
* Google Kubernetes Engine
用於執行容器化應用程式的代管環境。
* BigQuery
可增進企業靈活性並提供深入分析結果的資料倉儲系統。
* Cloud CDN
用於提供網頁與影片的內容傳遞聯播網。
* Dataflow
用於串流和批次處理的串流數據分析服務。
* 作業套件
監控、記錄與應用程式效能套件。
* Cloud Run
用於執行容器化應用程式的全代管環境。
* Anthos
翻新現有應用程式及建構新應用程式的平台。
* 找不到所需資訊嗎？
* 查看所有產品 (100+)
* AI 與機器學習
* Vertex AI
用於訓練、執行及管理機器學習模型的整合式平台。
* Vertex AI Workbench
適用於整個數據資料學工作流程的單一介面。
* AI 基礎架構
提供多個選項，讓企業以符合成本效益的方式訓練深度學習和機器學習模型。
* AutoML
以最簡便的方式自訂機器學習模型的開發工具。
* Natural Language AI
非結構化文字內容的情緒分析與分類工具。
* Speech-to-Text
支援 125 種語言的語音辨識與轉錄工具。
* Text-to-Speech
支援超過 220 種語音和超過 40 種語言的語音合成工具。
* 翻譯 AI
語言偵測、翻譯和詞彙支援工具。
* Video AI
採用機器學習技術的影片分類與識別工具。
* Vision AI
用於偵測情緒、文字等項目的自訂和預先訓練模型。
* Dialogflow
採用最先進的技術、具備真人般 AI 對話能力的虛擬服務專員。
* 找不到所需資訊嗎？
* 查看所有 AI 和機器學習產品
* API 管理
* Apigee API 管理平台
利用監控和控管功能隨時隨地管理 API 的完整生命週期。
* Apigee Integration
以 API 為主的整合功能，連結現有的資料與應用程式。
* Cloud Healthcare API
銜接現有照護系統與 Google Cloud 應用程式的解決方案。
* AppSheet
用於建構及擴充應用程式的無程式碼開發平台。
* API Gateway
透過全代管閘道來開發、部署、保護和管理 API。
* 運算
* Compute Engine
在 Google 資料中心內運作的虛擬機器。
* App Engine
適用於應用程式與後端的無伺服器應用程式平台。
* Cloud GPU
用於執行機器學習、科學運算和 3D 視覺化作業的 GPU。
* Migrate to Virtual Machines
將伺服器和虛擬機器遷移至 Compute Engine 的工具。
* Spot VM
用於批次工作和容錯工作負載的運算執行個體。
* 批次
用來排定批次工作的全代管服務。
* 單一用戶群節點
提供專屬硬體，可滿足您的法規遵循、授權和管理需求。
* Bare Metal
在 Google Cloud 中執行特殊工作負載的基礎架構。
* 推薦功能
適用於 Google Cloud 產品和服務的使用建議。
* VMware Engine
全代管的原生 VMware Cloud Foundation 軟體堆疊。
* Cloud Run
用於執行容器化應用程式的全代管環境。
* 找不到所需資訊嗎？
* 查看所有運算產品
* 容器
* Google Kubernetes Engine
用於執行容器化應用程式的代管環境。
* Container Registry
用於儲存、管理及保護 Docker 映像檔的存放區。
* 容器安全性
生命週期各個階段的容器環境安全性。
* Cloud Build
在 Docker 容器中執行建構步驟的解決方案。
* 深度學習容器
具備數據資料學架構、資料庫和工具的容器。
* Kubernetes 應用程式
提供預先建立部署項目與整合式帳單的容器化應用程式。
* Artifact Registry
建構構件和依附元件的套件管理員。
* Knative
用於建立 Kubernetes 原生雲端軟體的元件。
* Cloud Run
用於執行容器化應用程式的全代管環境。
* Cloud Code
提供 IDE 支援，可編寫和執行 Kubernetes 應用程式並進行偵錯。
* 資料分析
* BigQuery
可增進企業靈活性及提供深入分析見解的資料倉儲系統。
* Looker
集合了商業智慧 (BI)、資料應用程式與嵌入式分析等服務的平台。
* Dataflow
用於串流和批次處理的串流數據分析服務。
* Pub/Sub
用於擷取及傳送事件的訊息傳遞服務。
* Dataproc
用於執行 Apache Spark 和 Apache Hadoop 叢集的服務。
* Cloud Data Fusion
用於建構及管理資料管道的資料整合工具。
* Cloud Composer
以 Apache Airflow 為基礎的工作流程自動化調度管理服務。
* Dataprep
用於準備資料的服務，方便進行數據分析和機器學習作業。
* Dataplex
智慧型資料架構，能統合管理分散於不同獨立系統的資料。
* Data Catalog
用於探索、解讀及管理資料的中繼資料服務。
* Analytics Hub
以安全有效率的方式交換資料分析資產的服務。
* 找不到所需資訊嗎？
* 查看所有資料分析產品
* 資料庫
* PostgreSQL 適用的 AlloyDB
與 PostgreSQL 相容的全代管資料庫，適用於要求嚴苛的企業工作負載。
* Cloud Bigtable
適用於大規模低延遲工作負載的雲端原生寬欄資料庫。
* Firestore
用於建構各種行動、網頁和 IoT 應用程式的雲端原生文件資料庫。
* Memorystore
適用於代管型 Redis 和 Memcached 的記憶體內資料庫。
* Cloud Spanner
可無限擴充的雲端原生關聯資料庫，可用性高達 99.999%。
* Cloud SQL
適用於 MySQL、PostgreSQL 和 SQL Server 的全代管資料庫。
* 資料庫移轉服務
運用無伺服器技術，在最短的停機時間內遷移至雲端。
* 適用於 Oracle 的 Bare Metal 解決方案
用於處理特殊 Oracle 工作負載的 Google Cloud 基礎架構。
* Firebase 即時資料庫
用於即時儲存及同步處理資料的 NoSQL 資料庫。
* Datastream
無伺服器異動資料擷取與複製服務。
* 開發人員工具
* Artifact Registry
建構構件和依附元件的通用套件管理員。
* Cloud Build
持續整合與持續推送軟體更新平台。
* Cloud Code
提供 IDE 支援，可編寫和執行 Kubernetes 應用程式，並對應用程式進行偵錯。
* Cloud Deployment Manager
用於建立及管理 Google Cloud 資源的服務。
* gcloud CLI
Google Cloud 的指令列工具和資料庫。
* Cloud Scheduler
Cron 工作排程器，可自動化處理與管理工作。
* Cloud Source Repositories
用於儲存、管理及追蹤程式碼的私人 Git 存放區。
* Cloud Tasks
用於非同步執行工作的工作管理服務。
* Cloud Workstations
雲端中安全的代管開發環境
* Google Cloud Deploy
持續將軟體更新推送至 Google Kubernetes Engine 的全代管服務。
* Tools for PowerShell
透過 Windows PowerShell 完整掌控雲端環境。
* 找不到所需資訊嗎？
* 查看所有開發人員工具
* 醫療照護與生命科學
* Apigee Healthcare APIx
以 FHIR API 為基礎的數位服務生產工具。
* Cloud Healthcare API
銜接現有照護系統與 Google Cloud 應用程式的解決方案。
* Cloud Life Sciences
用於管理、處理及轉換生物醫學資料的工具。
* Fitbit 裝置連結
透過 Google Cloud 上連結的 Fitbit 資料全面掌握病患狀況。
* Healthcare Natural Language AI
從非結構化的醫療文字取得即時深入分析結果。
* Medical Imaging Suite
讓影像資料更容易取得、互通並發揮更大用處，加快 AI 醫學影像開發作業。
* 混合雲與多雲端
* Anthos
翻新現有應用程式及建構新應用程式的平台。
* Looker
集合了商業智慧 (BI)、資料應用程式與嵌入式分析等服務的平台。
* Cloud Run for Anthos
在 GKE 中提供無伺服器開發平台的整合工具。
* Google Cloud Marketplace for Anthos
提供預先建立部署項目與整合式帳單的容器化應用程式。
* Migrate to Containers
可協助您將工作負載和現有應用程式移至 GKE 的工具。
* 作業套件
監控、記錄與應用程式效能套件。
* Cloud Build
在 Google Cloud 基礎架構上執行建構作業的服務。
* Traffic Director
適用於開放式服務網格的流量控管窗格與管理服務。
* Apigee API 管理平台
API 管理、開發和安全性平台。
* Google 分散式雲端
適用於邊緣與資料中心的全代管解決方案。
* 物聯網
* Cloud IoT Core
IoT 裝置管理、整合與連線服務。
* Edge TPU
專為在邊緣執行機器學習推論和 AI 而設計的 ASIC。
* 管理工具
* Anthos Config Management
自動為部署項目實行政策和安全防護機制。
* 碳足跡
可查看及匯出 Google Cloud 碳排放量報告的資訊主頁。
* Cloud API
Google Cloud 服務的程式輔助介面。
* Cloud 控制台
用於管理及監控雲端應用程式的網頁式介面。
* Cloud Mobile App
用來透過行動裝置管理 Google Cloud 服務的應用程式。
* Cloud Shell
內建指令列工具的互動式殼層環境。
* 設定連接器
用於管理 Google Cloud 資源的 Kubernetes 外掛程式。
* 成本管理
用於監控、管理成本，並使效益達到最高的工具。
* 智慧型管理
可輕鬆管理效能、安全性和成本的工具。
* Private Catalog
管理員用來管理內部企業解決方案的服務目錄。
* 在 Google Cloud 中使用 Terraform
這項開放原始碼工具可以透過宣告式設定檔佈建 Google Cloud 資源。
* 媒體和遊戲
* 遊戲伺服器
在 Google Kubernetes Engine 中運作的遊戲伺服器管理服務。
* Live Stream API
用於轉換直播影片和套件來進行串流的服務。
* OpenCue
適用於視覺效果和動畫的開放原始碼算繪管理工具。
* Transcoder API
轉換影片檔案並加以封裝，以便提供最佳放送成效。
* Video Stitcher API
用於動態或伺服器端廣告插播的服務。
* 遷移
* 遷移應用程式
將應用程式遷移至雲端，節省週期性的設備更新費用。
* BigQuery 資料移轉服務
用於排程及將資料移至 BigQuery 的資料匯入服務。
* Cloud Foundation Toolkit
Deployment Manager 和 Terraform 的參考範本。
* 資料庫移轉服務
運用無伺服器技術，在最短的停機時間內遷移至雲端。
* Migrate to Containers
用於將 VM 遷移至 GKE 系統容器的元件。
* Migrate to Virtual Machines
用於將 VM 和實體伺服器遷移至 Compute Engine 的元件。
* 遷移中心
可使用 Google Cloud 進行遷移及翻新的整合式平台。
* 迅速評估與遷移計畫 (RAMP)
端對端遷移計畫，可簡化遷移至雲端的方式。
* Transfer Appliance
用於將大量資料移至 Google Cloud 的儲存伺服器。
* Storage 移轉服務
將資料從線上和地端部署來源移轉至 Cloud Storage。
* VMware Engine
在 Google Cloud 中以原生方式遷移及執行 VMware 工作負載。
* 網路
* Cloud Armor
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提供意見 透過集合功能整理內容 你可以依據偏好儲存及分類內容。
歡迎參加 2022 年 Next 大會，進一步瞭解 Document AI，並聆聽 Commerzbank 的演講內容。快來看看！
跳至
Document AI
# Document AI
從文件中擷取非結構化資料，然後分析、搜尋及儲存這類資料。Document AI 解決方案套件包含資料擷取的預先訓練模型、Document AI
Workbench 來建立新的自訂模型，或進階訓練現有模型，以及 Document AI 倉儲系統搜尋與儲存文件。
免費試用 Document AI 聯絡銷售人員 前往主控台 聯絡銷售人員
* 透過單一整合式解決方案管理整個非結構化文件生命週期
* 減少手動文件處理作業、將設定成本降至最低，並加快部署速度
* 透過 Google 的 AI 和人機迴圈 (HITL) 審查確保正確無誤
* 運用文件資料取得新的產品深入分析結果，同時滿足客戶期望
Forrester 標誌
在《The Forrester Wave™：文件導向文字分析平台，2022 年第 2 季》報告中，Google Cloud 獲評為領導品牌
瞭解詳情
優點
### 符合成本效益與彈性
從未結構化的文件中擷取結構化資料，用於企業應用程式並提供給使用者，藉此提升作業效率。
### 確保資料準確無誤且符合規範
自動化處理並驗證所有文件、簡化法規遵循工作流程、減少不確定因素，並確保資料準確無誤且符合規範。
### 運用資料滿足客戶期望
運用深入分析結果滿足客戶期望，同時提升客戶滿意度、支持度、生命週期價值，以及自身的支出效益。
示範
### 在現有環境中試用 Document AI
上傳文件 (例如應付憑據)，看看系統會擷取哪些結構化資料。手邊沒有任何文件嗎？歡迎試用我們的範例。
主要功能與特色
## 滿足所有文件處理需求的整合式平台
### 透過整合式控制台處理文件
Document AI 平台是整合文件處理環境的整合式控制台，可讓您快速存取所有模型和工具。將 Document AI 的預先訓練模型用於文件處理作業，包括
OCR 和表單剖析器等基本擷取工具，以及用於貸款、合約、採購和身分證明文件等產業用途的特殊模型。或者，您也可以使用 Document AI
Workbench 將這些模型進階訓練到您的商業文件，或建立自己的模型，以便獲得更好的文件成果。有了 Document AI
模型庫，您就可以搜尋、儲存及管理文件，甚至觸發工作流程。Document AI
可以自動化處理及驗證文件，以簡化工作流程、減少猜測範圍，並確保資料準確無誤且符合規範。
### 運用 Google 最先進的 AI 技術
Document AI 是由 Google 累積數十年的 AI 創新技術所打造而成，能為這些挑戰提供強大且實用的解決方案。在 Google
領先業界的技術背後是電腦視覺 (包括 OCR) 和自然語言處理 (NLP) 技術，可為高價值的大量文件建立預先訓練模型。最新的機器學習和工具包，支援
Document Workbench 和語意搜尋技術，可以讓 Document 倉儲比傳統文件存放區大上許多。
### 充實資料，讓資料更實用
使用 Google 知識圖譜技術驗證及充實剖析資訊，讓資料更加實用，進而依據網際網路上的實體檢查公司名稱、地址、電話號碼，以及其他詳細資料。
### 將人工審查與機器學習預測整合
人機迴圈 AI 是一項全新的 DocAI
功能，可確保透過人工審查協助企業提高文件處理的準確度。加入人工審查可以提升準確性，並協助企業使用專為這種審查設計的工具解讀預測結果。
寫著「透過 Document AI 取得深入分析結果」的簡報縮圖
影片
Document AI 總覽
04:37
最新資訊
## 查看 Document AI 的最新消息
訂閱 Google Cloud 電子報，掌握產品動態、活動資訊和特價優惠等消息。
呈現各種文件的圖片
網誌文章
Forrester 將 Google Cloud 評選為文件數據分析平台的領導品牌 閱讀網誌
正在數位化的文件圖片縮圖
網誌文章
Document AI for Identity 現已正式發布 閱讀網誌
Document AI 的爐邊談話
影片
DocAI 協助 Workday 人資管理平台、AODoc 和 Mr. Cooper 進行企業轉型 觀看影片
資料報告縮圖
網誌文章
Unifiedpost 和 Google Cloud 透過 Document AI 進行協作 閱讀網誌
Workday 標誌
網誌文章
邁向國際：Workday 運用 Google Cloud AI 加快文件處理作業 閱讀網誌
透過 Lending DocAI 快速追蹤房屋貸款申請
影片
如何使用 Lending DocAI 快速追蹤房屋貸款申請程序 觀看影片
keyboard_arrow_left
keyboard_arrow_right
說明文件
## 說明文件
Google Cloud 基本知識
##### Document AI 總覽
概略瞭解 Document AI 的基本概念，包括從文件中擷取文字、將文件分類及實體擷取。
瞭解詳情
教學課程
##### Document AI 簡介影片和研究室
透過我們的系列影片「The Future of Documents」(文件的未來) 以及逐步程式碼研究室，開始瞭解 Document AI。
瞭解詳情
快速入門導覽課程
##### 設定 Document AI API
本指南提供開始使用 Document AI 的所有必要設定步驟。
瞭解詳情
##### 找不到所需資訊嗎？
查看所有產品說明文件
用途
### 用途
用途
將文件中的文字數位化
透過文件 OCR 擷取文字、字詞、段落、區塊、符號、行和正確的旋轉資訊。使用表單剖析器從表單中擷取版面配置
用途
處理特定產業的文件
Document AI 提供預先訓練模型來滿足特定產業需求，例如貸款業者的貸款表單、採購文件、合約文件和身分證，藉此支援最常見的高度複雜文件處理用途。
用途
建立貴商家專屬的自訂模型
使用 Document AI Workbench 使用自訂模型提高文件處理的準確率，或進階訓練現有模型來滿足您的業務需求
用途
管理文件及其 AI 擷取的資料
透過 Document AI 倉儲，在單一平台上搜尋、儲存、控管及管理文件及其由 AI 擷取和設有標記的資料
查看所有技術指南
定價
### Document AI 定價
Document AI 提供透明化且價格實惠的計費方式，可滿足所有文件處理、模型訓練和儲存空間需求。如要瞭解詳情，請前往我們的定價頁面。
如果使用美元以外的貨幣付費，系統將按照 Google Cloud SKU 頁面上列出的對應貨幣價格計費。
查看價格詳細資料
合作夥伴
## Document AI 合作夥伴
下列值得信賴的合作夥伴可協助您部署 Document AI。查看完整合作夥伴目錄。
* Appian 標誌
* Automation Anywhere 標誌
* Cloud Ace
* CoreCompete
* Mr. Cooper 標誌
* Datatonic
* Devoteam
* DXC
* EPAM
* Iron Mountain 標誌
* KungFu AI
* MediaAgility
* ML6
* Pluto7
* Quantiphi
* Roostify 標誌
* Searce
* SoftServe
* SpringML
* Vanenburg
* Zenta Group
查看所有合作夥伴
Cloud AI 產品符合我們的服務水準協議政策。這些產品的延遲時間或可用性保證可能與其他 Google Cloud 服務不同。
### 後續行動
運用 $300 美元的免費抵免額和 20 項以上的一律免費產品，開始在 Google Cloud 中建構內容。
免費試用 Document AI
### 後續行動
展開下一項專案、探索互動式教學課程及管理帳戶。
前往控制台
* 需要入門協助嗎？
聯絡銷售人員
* 與值得信賴的夥伴合作
尋找合作夥伴
* 繼續瀏覽
查看所有產品
* 需要入門協助嗎？
聯絡銷售人員
* 與值得信賴的夥伴合作
尋找合作夥伴
* 查看提示和最佳做法
參閱教學課程
[{ "type": "thumb-down", "id": "hardToUnderstand", "label":"難以理解" },{ "type":
"thumb-down", "id": "incorrectInformationOrSampleCode", "label":"資訊或程式碼範例有誤"
},{ "type": "thumb-down", "id": "missingTheInformationSamplesINeed",
"label":"缺少我需要的資訊/範例" },{ "type": "thumb-down", "id": "translationIssue",
"label":"翻譯問題" },{ "type": "thumb-down", "id": "otherDown", "label":"其他" }]
[{ "type": "thumb-up", "id": "easyToUnderstand", "label":"容易理解" },{ "type":
"thumb-up", "id": "solvedMyProblem", "label":"確實解決了我的問題" },{ "type": "thumb-
up", "id": "otherUp", "label":"其他" }] 想進一步說明嗎？
* ### 選用 Google 的理由
* 選擇 Google Cloud
* 信任與安全性
* 開放式雲端
* 多雲端
* 全球基礎架構
* 客戶與個案研究
* 分析師報告
* 白皮書
* 網誌
* ### 產品與定價
* Google Cloud 定價
* Google Workspace 定價
* 查看所有產品/服務
* ### 解決方案
* 基礎架構現代化
* 資料庫
* 應用程式現代化
* 智慧型數據分析
* 人工智慧
* 安全性
* 生產力與工作轉型
* 產業解決方案
* 開發運作解決方案
* 小型企業解決方案
* 查看所有解決方案
* ### 實用資源
* Google Cloud 說明文件
* Google Cloud 快速入門導覽課程
* Google Cloud Marketplace
* 瞭解雲端運算
* 支援服務
* 程式碼範例
* 雲端架構中心
* 訓練
* 認證
* Google Developers
* Google Cloud for Startups
* 系統狀態
* 版本資訊
* ### 互動交流
* 與銷售人員聯絡
* 尋找合作夥伴
* 成為合作夥伴
* 活動
* Podcast
* 開發人員中心
* 新聞中心
* Google Cloud 的 YouTube 頻道
* Google Cloud Tech 的 YouTube 頻道
* 在 Twitter 上追蹤
* 參加使用者研究
* 我們正在招募人才，歡迎加入 Google Cloud！
* Google Cloud 社群
* Cookie 設定
* 關於 Google
* 隱私權
* 網站條款
* Google Cloud 服務條款
* 從 2007 年開始落實碳中和
* 訂閱 Google Cloud 電子報 訂閱
* English
* Deutsch
* Español
* Español – América Latina
* Français
* Italiano
* Português – Brasil
* 中文 – 简体
* 中文 – 繁體
* 日本語
* 한국어
*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
|
spiderum_text/5136 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
Google Workspace
* Megoldások
close
#### arrow_forward
Megoldások Az összes alkalmazás
Magánszemélyeknek
* ÃttekintésGoogle Workspace Individual
Cégeknek
* ÃttekintésGoogle Workspace Business
* KisvállalatKisvállalati hatékonyságnövelŠeszközök
* Ãj vállalkozásÃj vállalkozásoknak készült eszközök
* StartupokIrodai eszközök startupoknak
Nagyvállalatoknak
* ÃttekintésGoogle Workspace Enterprise
* ElsŠvonalbeli dolgozókGoogle Workspace elsŠvonalbeli dolgozóknak
* Work SaferA szervezetek védelme a kibertámadásoktól
#### arrow_forward
Megoldások Az összes alkalmazás
* FejlesztÅk
* Oktatás
* Nonprofit szervezetek
* Termékek
close
#### Benne foglalt alkalmazások arrow_forward
Termékek Az összes alkalmazás
* GmailEgyéni céges e-mail-cÃm
* NaptárMegosztott naptárak
* Google DriveFelhÅtárhely
* MeetVideo- és hanghÃvások
* DokumentumokSzövegszerkesztés
* TáblázatokTáblázatok
* DiákPrezentációtervezÅ
* ChatÃzenetkezelés csapatok számára
#### Biztonság és kezelés arrow_forward
Termékek Az összes alkalmazás
* Felügyeleti Konzol
* BÅvÃtmények
* Iparágak
close
#### arrow_forward
Iparágak Az összes alkalmazás
Iparágak
* Egészségügy és élettudományok
* Kiskereskedelem
* Gyártóipar
* Közigazgatás és állami szektor
* Ãzleti szolgáltatások
* Technológia
Részlegek
* ÃrtékesÃtés
* Marketing
* Emberi erÅforrások
#### arrow_forward
Iparágak Az összes alkalmazás
* Biztonság
* Ãrak
* Források
close
#### arrow_forward
Források Az összes alkalmazás
Felfedezés
* BiztonságAdatvédelem
* TávmunkaA távmunkával kapcsolatos források
* Történetek ügyfeleinktÅlEsettanulmányok és videók
* BlogLegújabb termékhÃrek és történetek
Ismeretszerzés
* GYIKGyakori kérdésekre adott válaszok
* Oktatás és minÅsÃtésIgény szerinti vagy tantermi képzés
* ÃlŠés igény szerint lejátszható eseményekEsemények és webináriumok böngészése
* VideokonferenciaTovábbi információ a Google MeetrÅl
Csatlakozás
* PartnerekA megfelelŠpartner megtalálása
* MarketplaceAlkalmazások keresése és telepÃtése
* Google Workspace-bÅvÃtményekHarmadik féltÅl származó alkalmazások integrálása
* A Google Workspace ajánlásaJutalmak szerzése a KözvetÃtÅi programunkkal
#### arrow_forward
Források Az összes alkalmazás
* Támogatás adminisztrátoroknak
* Támogatás felhasználóknak
* Felügyeleti Konzol
* Kapcsolatfelvétel az értékesÃtÅkkel
* Próbálja ki ingyen
menu clear
* Megoldások
* * Magánszemélyeknek
* Cégeknek
* Ãttekintés
* Kisvállalat
* Ãj vállalkozás
* Startupok
* Nagyvállalatoknak
* Ãttekintés
* ElsŠvonalbeli dolgozók
* Work Safer
* * FejlesztÅk
* Oktatás
* Nonprofit szervezetek
* Termékek
* Benne foglalt alkalmazások
* Gmail
* Naptár
* Google Drive
* Meet
* Továbbiak megtekintése Kevesebb megjelenÃtése
* Dokumentumok
* Táblázatok
* Diák
* Chat
* Biztonság és kezelés
* Felügyeleti Konzol
* BÅvÃtmények
* Iparágak
* * Iparágak
* Egészségügy és élettudományok
* Kiskereskedelem
* Gyártóipar
* Közigazgatás és állami szektor
* Ãzleti szolgáltatások
* Technológia
* Részlegek
* ÃrtékesÃtés
* Marketing
* Emberi erÅforrások
* * Biztonság
* Ãrak
* Források
* * Felfedezés
* Biztonság
* Távmunka
* Történetek ügyfeleinktÅl
* Blog
* Ismeretszerzés
* GYIK
* Oktatás és minÅsÃtés
* ÃlŠés igény szerint lejátszható események
* Videokonferencia
* Csatlakozás
* Partnerek
* Marketplace
* Google Workspace-bÅvÃtmények
* A Google Workspace ajánlása
* * Támogatás adminisztrátoroknak
* Támogatás felhasználóknak
Felügyeleti Konzol
* Támogatás adminisztrátoroknak
* Támogatás felhasználóknak
Kapcsolatfelvétel az értékesÃtÅkkel Próbálja ki ingyen
# Webhelyek
KészÃtsen egyszerűen hatékony csapatwebhelyeket
* KészÃtsen közös munkával interaktÃv, jó minÅségű webhelyeket csapatok, projektek vagy események számára. A webhelyek minden tÃpusú képernyÅn jól mutatnak â az okostelefontól az asztali számÃtógépig. Mindezt tervezési vagy programozási jártasság nélkül.
Próbálja ki ingyen
Kapcsolatfelvétel az értékesÃtÅkkel
## Hozzon létre webhelyeket programozási vagy tervezési készségek
nélkül
A Google Webhelyeken egyszerűen megjelenÃtheti csapata munkáját, és
könnyen hozzáférhet az összes Google Workspace -tartalomhoz â legyen az
egy Drive-mappa, egy vagy akár egy megosztott Naptár.
## Automatikusan optimalizálja a tartalmakat minden eszközre
A gondosan létrehozott témákkal feltűnÅbb tartalmakat készÃthet. A
Google Webhelyek intelligens módszerei asztali számÃtógépekre,
táblagépekre és mobiltelefonokra is automatikusan optimalizálják a
munkáját.
#### Mozgasson, húzzon, szerkesszen â ennyi az egész
A tervezés és szerkesztés felettébb egyszerű: csak kattintson és húzzon
az egérrel. Az alkotás a rácsos elrendezésben automatikusan
átrendezÅdik. Minden tökéletesen illeszkedik a helyére, mégis
egyszerűen áthelyezhetÅ, átméretezhetŠés átrendezhetÅ.
#### Együttműködésre tervezve
A Googe Webhelyek valós idejű, közös szerkesztést, valamint a Drive és a
Dokumentumok szolgáltatásaiban már megszokott hatékony irányÃtást
nyújt. A Dokumentumokban végzett közös munkához hasonlóan a gépeléssel
egy idÅben megjelennek mindenki számára az elvégzett módosÃtások.
#### Biztonságos webhely, informatikai szakemberek nélkül
A felhasználók a Webhelyek szolgáltatáshoz hasonlóan könnyen, csupán
néhány kattintással kezelhetik a megosztási és tulajdonosi
beállÃtásokat. A beágyazott tartalmak a megbÃzható, finomhangolt
vezérlés érdekében megÅrzik eredeti engedélyeiket.
> Az önkormányzat különbözÅ osztályai, a humánerÅforrás-osztálytól
> kezdve a katasztrófavédelemig információdús, lenyűgözŠwebhelyeket
> hoztak létre a Webhelyek szolgáltatással. Anélkül, hogy az
> informatikusaink segÃtségét kérték volna â meséli Ted. â Ãgy jut
> idÅnk a programozásra, a dolgozók pedig maguk is képesek jó
> minÅségben elÅállÃtani a szükséges tartalmakat.
> Ted Ross
> Los Angeles
> További információ
# FÅbb kérdések a WebhelyekrÅl
#### KülsŠlátogatók elérhetik a vállalkozás webhelyét?
Igen. A vállalkozáson kÃvüli személyek elérhetik a webhelyet, még akkor
is, ha nem rendelkeznek Google Workspace-fiókkal. A hozzáférést a
megosztási beállÃtásokban korlátozhatja.
#### MódosÃthatom a webhelyem teljes megjelenését?
Igen. Használhatja a Google által elÅre elkészÃtett témákat, de saját
témát is készÃthet, és módosÃthatja a webhely tulajdonságait, köztük
a képeket, a betűtÃpusokat, a gombokat, a menük elrendezését és
egyebeket. Az egyéni témák létrehozásáról ebbÅl a súgócikkbÅl
tájékozódhat.
#### Vásárolhatok domaint a Google-on keresztül?
A Google segÃthet, ha domaint szeretne vásárolni a cég egyik
domainszolgáltatójától. A regisztráció során válassza az új domain
vásárlásának lehetÅségét. Ezt követÅen segÃtünk beállÃtani a
Google Workspace rendszert az új domainjében.
## Kezdje el még ma! Egyszerű.
### Ha segÃtségre szorul, forduljon éjjel-nappal nyitva tartó e-mailes,
csevegéses vagy telefonos ügyfélszolgálatunkhoz, ahol hús-vér emberek
dolgoznak.
Próbálja ki ingyen
* * video_youtube
* * * #### Benne foglalt alkalmazások
* Gmail
* Meet
* Chat
* Naptár
* Google Drive
* Dokumentumok
* Táblázatok
* Diák
* Å°rlapok
* Webhelyek
* Keep
* Apps Script
* Cloud Search
#### Biztonság és kezelés
* Felügyeleti konzol
* Végpont
* Széf
* Work Insights
#### Megoldások
* Ãj vállalkozás
* Kisvállalat
* Nagyvállalat
* Education
* Nonprofit szervezetek
#### Ãrak
* Kiadás kiválasztása
#### Add-ons
* AppSheet
#### Források
* Távmunka
* Biztonság
* GYIK
* Partnerek
* Marketplace
* Google Workspace Add-ons
* Képzés és tanúsÃtvány
* FejlesztÅk
#### Súgó és támogatás
* Rendszergazdai súgó
* BeállÃtási és bevezetési központ
* Oktatóközpont felhasználóknak
* Fórumok adminisztrátoroknak
* Google Workspace-irányÃtópult
* Google Workspace-partnerek keresése
* Sajtó
#### Még több a Google-tól
* Google Cloud
* Chrome Enterprise
* Google Ãzleti megoldások
* Google Ads
* Business Messages
* Csatlakozás a felhasználói tanulmányokhoz
* Google
* Minden a Google-ról
* Google-termékek
* Adatvédelem
* Feltételek
language Magyar Másik nyelv kiválasztása
* Bahasa Indonesia
* ÄeÅ¡tina
* Dansk
* Deutsch
* Deutsch â Schweiz
* English
* English â Australia
* English â Canada
* English â India
* English â Indonesia
* English â Ireland
* English â Malaysia
* English â New Zealand
* English â Philippines
* English â Singapore
* English â South Africa
* English â United Kingdom
* Español
* Español (Latinoamérica)
* Español (Latinoamérica) â Argentina
* Español (Latinoamérica) â México
* Español (Latinoamérica) â Estados Unidos
* Français
* Français â Canada
* Français â Suisse
* Italiano
* Magyar
* Nederlands
* Norsk
* Polski
* Português (Brasil)
* Português (Portugal)
* Suomi
* Svenska
* Tiếng Viá»t
* Türkçe
* Ð ÑÑÑкий
* УкÑаÑнÑÑка
* â«×¢×ר×תâ¬
* â«Ø§ÙعربÙØ©â¬
* â«Ø§ÙعربÙØ© â ٠صرâ¬
* à¹à¸à¸¢
* íêµì´
* ä¸æ (é¦æ¸¯)
* ä¸æï¼ç®ä½ä¸æï¼
* ä¸æï¼ç¹é«ä¸æï¼
* æ¥æ¬èª
*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
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*[t]: Discuss this template
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*[c.]: circa
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*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
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*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
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*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
*[11:24 ngày 21/2/23]:
*[18:45 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[14:42 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[17:56 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[11:21 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[11:39 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[11:35 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[08:31 ngày 18/2/23]:
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*[13:28 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[12:15 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[08:44 ngày 18/2/23]:
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*[SEC]: Securities and Exchange Commission
*[RTC]: Regional Trial Court
*[Crim.]: Criminal
*[ BBC ]: British Broadcasting Corporation
*[Barangay]: Total number of barangays
*[(DK)]: Denmark
*[(NO)]: Norway
*[(GB)]: United Kingdom
*[(IL)]: Israel
*[(FI)]: Finland
*[(HU)]: Hungary
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|
spiderum_text/1028 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
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|
spiderum_text/4776 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
Thursday, 16 February 2023
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New Zealand
# NZ to donate another $2.9m to Haiyan victims
Isaac Davison
By
##### Isaac Davison
19 Nov, 2013 06:13 AMQuick Read
Saveshare
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Typhoon Haiyan survivors queue up to get into any evacuation flight at the
airport in Tacloban, Philippines. Photo / AP
Typhoon Haiyan survivors queue up to get into any evacuation flight at the
airport in Tacloban, Philippines. Photo / AP
New Zealand will donate another $2.9 million to those affected by Typhoon
Haiyan in the Philippines, Foreign Affairs Minister Murray McCully said this
morning.
The Government has now contributed $5.1 million in total to the region, where
4000 were killed in last week's massive storm and four million people
displaced.
Mr McCully said the aid package included direct funding for emergency
supplies; including food, water, tarpaulins, generators, kitchen sets and
chainsaws.
Funding was also being provided to NGOs to help purchase and distribute
supplies - $1.5 million of New Zealand's contribution had gone to the Red
Cross and the World Food Programme.
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Last week, the New Zealand Defence Force Hercules C-130 was sent to the region
to help with transport and evacuations.
Over the weekend, the aircraft delivered 30 tonnes of rice, tinned food,
water, emergency shelter and hospital equipment to the worst-hit cities
Tacloban and Ormoc and the township of Guiuan.
## Related articles
World
### Typhoon-stricken town starts rebuild
15 Nov 10:44 PM
World
### Philippines: Newborn babies fight for life
17 Nov 02:36 AM
World
### NZ Air Force airlifts survivors to safety
17 Nov 05:16 AM
World
### NZ call on typhoon corruption
18 Nov 09:03 PM
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## Latest from New Zealand
New Zealand
### What residents in Hawke’s Bay, Tairāwhiti, Coromandel and Piha need to
know
15 Feb 10:04 AM
New Zealand
### 'Massive' and 'scary': Magnitude 6.3 earthquake felt by tens of thousands
of Kiwis
15 Feb 09:40 AM
New Zealand
### Cyclone Gabrielle: Road near Waipawa cut off by floodwater
15 Feb 09:04 AM
New Zealand
### Child among four dead in cyclone destruction; 1442 people 'uncontactable'
\- 'grave fears' for some; 160,000 without power
15 Feb 08:51 AM
New Zealand
### Couple broke through house ceiling to escape rising water before tragedy:
‘She disappeared underwater, under the house’
15 Feb 08:35 AM
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## Latest from New Zealand
What residents in Hawke’s Bay, Tairāwhiti, Coromandel and Piha need to know
### What residents in Hawke’s Bay, Tairāwhiti, Coromandel and Piha need to
know
15 Feb 10:04 AM
Read important updates as text only for those with little cellphone reception.
'Massive' and 'scary': Magnitude 6.3 earthquake felt by tens of thousands of
Kiwis
### 'Massive' and 'scary': Magnitude 6.3 earthquake felt by tens of thousands
of Kiwis
15 Feb 09:40 AM
Cyclone Gabrielle: Road near Waipawa cut off by floodwater
### Cyclone Gabrielle: Road near Waipawa cut off by floodwater
15 Feb 09:04 AM
Child among four dead in cyclone destruction; 1442 people 'uncontactable' -
'grave fears' for some; 160,000 without power
### Child among four dead in cyclone destruction; 1442 people 'uncontactable'
\- 'grave fears' for some; 160,000 without power
15 Feb 08:51 AM
Couple broke through house ceiling to escape rising water before tragedy: ‘She
disappeared underwater, under the house’
### Couple broke through house ceiling to escape rising water before tragedy:
‘She disappeared underwater, under the house’
15 Feb 08:35 AM
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TOP
*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
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*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
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*[transl.]: translation
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*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate. Executive Order 135 §6 states that for "census years" (years divisible by 10) the reference date would be May 1st, but for all other years, the reference date is to be the "middle of the year". This means that growth rates, although correct, are not necessarily simple year-on-year comparisons.
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
*[11:24 ngày 21/2/23]:
*[18:45 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[14:42 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[17:56 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[11:21 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[11:39 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[11:35 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[08:31 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[14:01 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[13:28 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[12:15 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[08:44 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[Ref.]: References
*[PSGC]: Philippine Standard Geographic Code
*[SEC]: Securities and Exchange Commission
*[RTC]: Regional Trial Court
*[Crim.]: Criminal
*[ BBC ]: British Broadcasting Corporation
*[Barangay]: Total number of barangays
|
spiderum_text/4317 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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3. Từ 28 triệu đến 31 triệu
4. Trên 36 triệu
Sắp xếp theo Nổi bật Giảm nhiều Trả góp 0% Giá thấp đến cao
# Điện thoại Samsung Galaxy S23 Series: S23 | S23 Plus | S23 Ultra
1. Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra 5G 256GB Chính Hãng \(BHĐT\)
### Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra 5G 256GB Chính Hãng (BHĐT)
Liên hệ
Đăng ký ngay
2. Samsung Galaxy S23 Plus 5G 512GB Chính Hãng \(BHĐT\)
### Samsung Galaxy S23 Plus 5G 512GB Chính Hãng (BHĐT)
Liên hệ
3. Samsung Galaxy S23 Plus 5G 256GB Chính Hãng \(BHĐT\)
### Samsung Galaxy S23 Plus 5G 256GB Chính Hãng (BHĐT)
Liên hệ
4. Samsung Galaxy S23 5G 256GB Chính Hãng \(BHĐT\)
### Samsung Galaxy S23 5G 256GB Chính Hãng (BHĐT)
Liên hệ
5. Trả góp 0%Giảm 5,000,000đ
Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra 5G 512GB Chính Hãng
### Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra 5G 512GB Chính Hãng
Mua ngay 31.990.000 ₫Giảm 13%36.990.000 ₫
Hoặc trả trước9.597.000 ₫
Từ 20 - 28.02: Giá cuối từ 26.990.000đ
6. Trả góp 0%Giảm 5,000,000đ
Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra 5G 256GB Chính Hãng
### Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra 5G 256GB Chính Hãng
Mua ngay 26.990.000 ₫Giảm 15%31.990.000 ₫
Hoặc trả trước8.097.000 ₫
Từ 20 - 28.02: Giá cuối từ 21.990.000đ
7. Trả góp 0%Giảm 5,000,000đ
Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra 5G 1TB Chính Hãng
### Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra 5G 1TB Chính Hãng
Mua ngay 39.990.000 ₫Giảm 11%44.990.000 ₫
Hoặc trả trước11.997.000 ₫
Từ 20 - 28.02: Giá cuối từ 34.990.000đ
8. Trả góp 0%Giảm 4,000,000đ
Samsung Galaxy S23 Plus 5G 256GB Chính Hãng
### Samsung Galaxy S23 Plus 5G 256GB Chính Hãng
Mua ngay 22.990.000 ₫Giảm 14%26.990.000 ₫
Hoặc trả trước6.897.000 ₫
Từ 20 - 28.02: Giá cuối từ 17.990.000đ
9. Trả góp 0%Giảm 4,000,000đ
Samsung Galaxy S23 Plus 5G 512GB Chính Hãng
### Samsung Galaxy S23 Plus 5G 512GB Chính Hãng
Mua ngay 25.990.000 ₫Giảm 13%29.990.000 ₫
Hoặc trả trước7.797.000 ₫
Từ 20 - 28.02: Giá cuối từ 20.990.000đ
10. Trả góp 0%Giảm 3,000,000đ
Samsung Galaxy S23 5G 256GB Chính Hãng
### Samsung Galaxy S23 5G 256GB Chính Hãng
Mua ngay 21.990.000 ₫Giảm 12%24.990.000 ₫
Hoặc trả trước6.597.000 ₫
Từ 20 - 28.02: Giá cuối từ 16.990.000đ
# Samsung Galaxy S23 | S23 Plus | S23 Ultra - Bắt Trọn Chất Đêm, Bắt Trọn Ưu
Đãi Khủng
Samsung Galaxy S23 Series là dòng điện thoại cao cấp nhất của thương hiệu
Samsung được ra mắt vào đầu năm 2023. Thiết bị sở hữu nhiều cải tiến và nâng
cấp so với thế hệ tiền nhiệm. Qua đó hứa hẹn mang đến những trải nghiệm tốt
nhất cho người dùng cả về tính năng và hiệu năng của máy.
## Ưu đãi mở bán cực kì hấp dẫn từ 18/02 - 28/02/2023
* Đặc quyền nâng cấp: Tặng PMH trị giá đến 5.000.000đ
* Tặng thêm 3.000.000đ khi thu cũ đổi mới
* Lựa chọn 1 tronng các ưu đãi dịch vụ dưới đây:
* Giảm thêm 2.000.000đ khi thanh toán hoặc trả góp qua 16 ngân hàng lựa chọn
* Giảm thêm 2.000.000đ khi mở thẻ TPBank EVO
* Giảm thêm 2.000.000đ khi thanh toán qua Samsung Wallet
* Giảm 5% tối đa 2.000.000đ khi thanh toán qua Grab Moca
* Giảm 10% tối đa 2.000.000đ khi thanh toán trả góp qua Kredivo
* Ưu đãi bảo hành 2 năm
* 200 suất bộ quà tặng đặc biệt trị giá 1.000.000đ
* 23 suất đặc biệt - Giảm thêm 2.000.000đ khi thu cũ đổi mới từ iPhone lên S23 series (Không áp dụng với CT Dịch vụ ngân hàng / Cổng ví điện tử / mở thẻ TPBank EVO)
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## 1\. Đặc điểm nổi bật của dòng Samsung Galaxy S23 Series
Samsung Galaxy S23 Series sở hữu ba phiên bản, bao gồm:
* Galaxy S23
* Galaxy S23 Plus
* Galaxy S23 Ultra
Mỗi phiên bản đều có cấu hình, tính năng cùng thiết kế riêng biệt, hướng đến
đối tượng khách hàng khác nhau. Người dùng có thể dựa vào nhu cầu và sở thích
của mình để lựa chọn.
Samsung Galaxy S23 tiêu chuẩn và Samsung Galaxy S23 Plus không có nhiều sự
thay đổi về thiết kế. Tuy nhiên, Samsung đã loại bỏ module để giúp máy trông
liền mạch và đồng bộ hơn với phiên bản Ultra. Trong khi đó, điện thoại Galaxy
S23 Ultra lại được làm phần khung viền mỏng và bo tròn hơn trước. Cả ba mẫu
điện thoại đều được trang bị những màu sắc mới trẻ trung và hiện đại hơn.
Đặc điểm nổi bật của dòng Samsung Galaxy S23 Series
Samsung cũng có sự nâng cấp về camera selfie từ 10MP lên 12MP cho Galaxy S23
và Galaxy S23+. Điều này cho thấy khả năng chụp ảnh tự sướng của chiếc điện
thoại mới này “ăn đứt” các đời tiền nhiệm. Không chỉ thế, camera chính của bản
Ultra cũng có sự cải tiến mạnh mẽ với bộ cảm biến lên đến 200MP. Đây là bước
“nhảy vọt” lớn nhất của Samsung trong 5 năm gần đây.
Camera tele trên S23 Ultra sẽ được nâng cấp về thuật toán AI. Điều này giúp
hai ống kính tele 10MP có khả năng lấy nét nhanh, chuẩn và chi tiết hơn. Ngoài
ra, camera góc rộng 12MP và camera selfie 40MP không có sự thay đổi so với đời
trước.
Năm nay, cả ba phiên bản đều được trang bị chip Snapdragon của hãng Qualcomm.
Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 đời mới nhất hứa hẹn mang đến tốc độ xử lý tác vụ tuyệt
vời. Bộ nhớ của từng phiên bản cũng có sự khác nhau. Dòng tiêu chuẩn và dòng
Plus được trang bị RAM 8GB, bộ nhớ 256GB. Dòng S23 Ultra là RAM 12GB và ba tùy
chọn 256GB, 512GB, 1TB
Dung lượng pin của bản thường là 3.900 mAh, bản Plus là 4.700 mAh. Trong khi
đó, mẫu Ultra vẫn được giữ nguyên dung lượng pin là 5.000 mAh. Chưa hết, các
thiết bị được hoàn thiện với kính cường lực Gorilla Glass 2 chắc chắn thế hệ
mới, giúp chống va đập cực tốt. Khung viền của những model trong dòng được
thiết kế bằng Armor Aluminum cao cấp, trông sang chảnh và rất xịn sò.
## 2\. Samsung Galaxy S23 tiêu chuẩn
> Với hiệu năng khủng kèm theo màn hình kích thước vừa phải, Samsung Galaxy
> S23 phiên bản tiêu chuẩn hứa hẹn là một siêu phẩm mà mọi người không thể nào
> bỏ qua.
### 2.1. Cấu hình
Samsung Galaxy S23 được trang bị màn hình phẳng Infinity-O cũng như được hoàn
thiện từ khung kim loại chắc chắn. Kích thước màn hình 6,1 inch đi kèm tấm nền
Dynamic AMOLED 2X cao cấp. Tần số quét 120Hz cũng góp phần giúp hình ảnh sắc
nét, rõ ràng, chi tiết với chuyển động cực kỳ mượt mà.
Samsung đã loại bỏ module camera mặt sau trên phiên bản tiêu chuẩn mới nhất.
Điều này giúp tổng thể thông liền mạch, thanh thoát và tạo sự đồng bộ cho các
phiên bản. Camera selfie được nâng cấp lên độ phân giải 12MP và được cải tiến
nhiều ở phần mềm lẫn AI. Cụm 3 camera mặt sau bao gồm: camera chính 50MP,
camera tele 10MP và camera góc rộng 12MP.
Samsung trang bị chip Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 cho Galaxy S23 tiêu chuẩn. Chip được
sản xuất trên tiến trình 4nm TSMC với 8 lõi: 1 lõi ARM Cortex-X3, 4 lõi
Cortex-A715 và 3 lõi Cortex-A510. Điều này giúp nâng cấp hiệu năng của máy với
CPU cao hơn 35%, GPU tăng 25% và có khả năng tiết kiệm điện năng hơn 45% so
với đời trước. Khả năng ép xung của phiên bản tiêu chuẩn này cũng tạo nên ấn
tượng mạnh mẽ mà khó có chiếc điện thoại nào cùng phân khúc làm được.
Về bộ nhớ, máy được trang bị RAM 8GB đi kèm hai tùy chọn bộ nhớ là 128GB và
256GB. Dung lượng pin tăng lên thành 3.900 mAh giúp người dùng thoải mái sử
dụng suốt cả ngày dài.
>> Link bài viết chi tiết: Thông số cấu hình Samsung Galaxy S23 có gì HOT:
Chip Snapdragon 8 Gen 2, Camera 50MP
### 2.2. Đánh giá
Tuy mọi người đã mong chờ vào sự thay đổi diện mạo trên model tiêu chuẩn.
Nhưng lại không có nhiều sự khác biệt giữa chiếc điện thoại này với phiên bản
tiền nhiệm. Samsung chỉ loại bỏ phần module của camera mặt sau. Điều này mang
đến tổng thể có nhiều nét giống với đời trước. Nhờ vậy mang đến sự đồng bộ cho
ba chiếc điện thoại cao cấp mới nhất này.
Các phiên bản màu sắc cũng theo hướng trẻ trung và năng động bao gồm màu kem,
đen, xanh lá và tím. Màn hình vẫn sở hữu kích thước 6,1 inch đi kèm tấm nền
Dynamic AMOLED 2X giúp mọi hình ảnh đều được chuyển động cực mới mẻ và sống
động. Tần số quét 120Hz hỗ trợ thao tác nhanh chóng và mượt mà, mang đến trải
nghiệm tuyệt vời cho mọi người khi sử dụng.
Samsung cũng có sự nâng cấp về camera selfie từ 10MP lên 12MP. Tuy sự khác
biệt không quá lớn nhưng nhờ phần mềm và công nghệ AI đi kèm hứa hẹn sẽ mang
lại chất lượng ảnh chụp đáng kinh ngạc trên chiếc điện thoại này. Ngoài ra,
thông số ba camera sau vẫn được giữ nguyên với camera chính 50MP, camera tele
10MP và camera góc rộng 12MP.
Samsung cũng trang bị chip Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 mới nhất cho chiếc điện thoại
tiêu chuẩn này. Đây là bộ vi xử lý cực mạnh được sản xuất trên tiến trình 4nm
TSMC với 8 lõi. Chưa kể, hiệu năng của máy cũng được đánh giá rất cao, hỗ trợ
xử lý tốt mọi tác vụ và “chiến” tốt các game cấu hình nặng.
Galaxy S23 vẫn sở hữu RAM 8GB và hai tùy chọn bộ nhớ trong 128GB và 256GB. Tuy
nhiên, máy không hỗ trợ khe cắm thẻ nhớ microSD. Do đó người dùng không thể
nâng cấp bộ nhớ, thay vào đó bạn có thể mua thêm lưu trữ bộ nhớ đám mây. Ngoài
ra, máy được trang bị viên pin có dung lượng 3.900 mAh, tăng 200 mAh so với
đời trước.
>> Link chi tiết bài đánh giá Samsung Galaxy S23 mới nhất: Cấu hình khủng,
nâng cấp pin… Liệu đã OK?
### 2.3. Samsung Galayxy S23 có gì nâng cấp so với S22?
Điểm nổi bật Samsung Galaxy S23 Samsung Galaxy S22
Bộ vi xử lý Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 Snapdragon 8 Gen 1
Bộ nhớ trong 128GB/256GB 128GB/256GB
Camera trước 12MP 10MP
Dung lượng pin 3.900 mAh 3.700 mAh
>> Link bài so sánh Samsung Galaxy S23 và Samsung Galaxy S22: Phát triển thêm
những gì?
## 3\. Samsung Galaxy S23 Plus (S23+)
> Samsung Galaxy S23 Plus là chiếc điện thoại được rất nhiều người săn lùng.
> Hiệu năng khủng như phiên bản Ultra kết hợp kích thước gọn nhẹ cùng ngoại
> hình sang chảnh đã nhanh chóng hớp hồn bao SamFan.
### 3.1. Cấu hình
Galaxy S23 Plus cũng loại bỏ camera module với cụm 3 camera mặt sau lần lượt
là: camera chính 50MP, camera tele 10MP và camera góc siêu rộng 12MP. Camera
selfie được nâng cấp lên thành 12MP đi kèm với phần mềm và công nghệ AI mang
đến những bức ảnh hoàn hảo hơn.
Màn hình tràn viền Infinity-O kết hợp với phần khung kim loại chắc chắn giúp
tăng độ bền cho điện thoại. Kích thước màn hình 6,6 inch trên tấm nền Dynamic
AMOLEX 2X cùng tần số quét 120Hz.
S23 Plus cũng được trang bị chip Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 giống phiên bản tiêu
chuẩn. Chip được sản xuất trên tiến trình 4nm TSMC với 8 lõi giúp máy chạy mọi
ứng dụng và game cấu hình nặng mà không gặp bất kỳ khó khăn nào.
Về bộ nhớ, Galaxy S23+ được trang bị RAM 8GB và hai tùy chọn bộ nhớ trong
256GB và 512GB. Dung lượng pin cũng được tăng lên 4.700 mAh giúp máy có thể sử
dụng liên tục cả ngày mà không lo hết pin đột ngột.
>> Link bài viết chi tiết: Thông số cấu hình Samsung Galaxy S23+ có gì HOT:
Camera selfie được nâng cấp, pin nhiều hơn
### 3.2. Đánh giá
Tổng thể thiết kế và cấu hình của bản Plus giống bản tiêu chuẩn, trừ kích
thước máy. Samsung Galaxy S23+ có kích thước màn hình 6,6 inch trên nền
Dynamic AMOLED 2X. Thiết kế vẫn mang nét đặc trưng của dòng Galaxy S nhưng
được bo cong mềm mại và loại bỏ module camera.
Samsung S23 Plus có bốn tùy chọn màu sắc, bao gồm: Đen, Xanh, Kem và Tím. Máy
được trang bị kính cường lực Gorilla Glass Victus 2 đi kèm với chuẩn chống
nước, kháng bụi IP68. Nhờ vậy bảo vệ máy tốt hơn ngay cả trong điều kiện thời
tiết khắc nghiệt.
Công nghệ màn hình chuẩn HDR10+ với độ sáng lên đến 1.750 nit và tần số quét
120Hz. Thông số kỹ thuật này cho phép chất lượng hiển thị tuyệt vời, rõ nét
đến từng chi tiết nhỏ nhất.
Camera selfie cũng được nâng cấp lên thành 12MP. Ngoài ra, cụm 3 camera mặt
sau vẫn duy trì các thông số như cũ (camera chính 50MP, camera tele 10MP hỗ
trợ zoom 3x, camera góc rộng 12MP).
Máy cũng được trang bị chip Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 với RAM 8GB và bộ nhớ trong
256GB và 512GB. Dung lượng pin của thiết bị là 4.700 mAh đi kèm công nghệ sạc
nhanh 45W. Ngoài ra, điện thoại còn được hỗ trợ sạc nhanh không dây 15W và
không dây ngược 4,5W.
>> Link chi tiết bài đánh giá Samsung Galaxy S23+ mới nhất: Pin trâu, Camera
50MP… Liệu đã đủ?
### 3.3. Samsung Galaxy S23+ có gì nâng cấp so với S22+
Điểm nổi bật Samsung Galaxy S23+ Samsung Galaxy S22+
Bộ vi xử lý Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 Snapdragon 8 Gen 1
Bộ nhớ trong 256GB/512GB 128GB/256GB
Camera trước 12MP 10MP
Dung lượng pin 4.700 mAh 4.500 mAh
>> Link bài so sánh Samsung Galaxy S23+ và Samsung Galaxy S22+: Phát triển
thêm những gì?
## 4\. Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra
> Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra là một sự lựa chọn chúng ta không thể nào không
> nhắc tới. Camera lên tới 200 MP với khả năng zoom thần sầu sẽ giúp bạn sống
> ảo bất tận. Điểm nhấn của Galaxy S23 Ultra còn nằm ở cấu hình ngon với con
> chip khủng của nhà Qualcomm.
### 4.1. Cấu hình
Samsung S23 Ultra có kích thước màn hình 6,8 inch đi kèm tấm nền Dynamic
AMOLED 2X cao cấp. Công nghệ màn hình tích hợp HDR10+ cùng tần số quét 120Hz
giúp các chuyển động mượt mà và nhạy bén hơn. Độ sáng màn hình cũng lên đến
1.750 nits giúp mọi người sử dụng tốt ngay cả khi đang đi dưới trời nắng.
Camera chính được nâng cấp lên với độ phân giải 200MP cực khủng. Kích thước
điểm ảnh là 0,6μm với cảm biến 1/1,3 inch và khẩu độ f/1,7. Được biết, Samsung
sẽ mang đến hai tùy chọn camera chính là 50MP và 200MP. Đồng thời, camera tele
cũng được nâng cấp về thuật toán AI giúp hai camera tele 10MP (zoom 3x và 10x)
có khả năng lấy nét nhanh, chi tiết và chuẩn hơn. Hai camera còn lại vẫn không
có sự thay đổi với camera góc rộng 12MP và camera selfie 12MP.
Galaxy S23 Ultra cũng được trang bị chip Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 đời mới nhất được
sản xuất trên tiến trình 4nm TSMC. Về bộ nhớ, máy tích hợp RAM 8GB hoặc 12GB
và 3 phiên bản ROM bao gồm: 256GB. 512GB và 1TB. Ngoài ra, dung lượng pin tiếp
tục giữ nguyên mức 5.000 mAh như đời tiền nhiệm.
>> Link bài viết chi tiết: Thông số cấu hình Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra có gì
HOT: Chip Snapdragon 8 Gen 2, Camera 200MP
### 4.2. Đánh giá
Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra sở hữu thiết kế tối ưu hơn so với đời trước nhưng vẫn
giữ được đặc trưng vuông vức của dòng S. Khung viền của máy được làm mỏng, các
góc được bo tròn hơn. Điều này mang đến trải nghiệm cầm tay chắc chắn và vừa
vặn hơn cho người dùng. Ngoài ra, điện thoại cũng tích hợp S Pen giúp người
dùng thao tác thuận tiện và nhanh chóng hơn.
Samsung đã ra mắt 4 phiên bản màu sắc cho S23 Ultra, bao gồm: Kem, Xanh, Đen
và Tím. Đây là những màu sắc khá mới so với những gì từng có trên dòng Note và
S22 Ultra trước đó. Sự trẻ trung và năng động đến từ những màu sắc mới này hứa
hẹn sẽ khiến mọi người “đổ” ngay.
Camera sau chính là một trong những trọng tâm thay đổi được quan tâm nhất ở
S23 Ultra. Đây là lần đầu tiên Samsung nâng cấp độ phân giải camera chính lên
đến 200MP. Thông số kỹ thuật này đảm bảo mang đến những bức ảnh “ăn đứt” ảnh
chụp từ camera của các dòng điện thoại khác trên thị trường. Không chỉ vậy,
ống kính còn kết hợp với công nghệ chống rung và các tính năng hỗ trợ chụp ảnh
tốt ngay cả trong môi trường thiếu ánh sáng. Các camera còn lại vẫn được giữ
nguyên, bao gồm: 2 camera tele 10MP (hỗ trợ zoom quang 3x và 10x) và 1 camera
góc rộng 12MP.
Tuy nhiên, Samsung không có sự nâng cấp về dung lượng pin cho S23 Ultra. Máy
vẫn duy trì viên pin có dung lượng 5.000 mAh. Nhưng nhờ được tối ưu điện năng
từ chip xử lý mà máy có thể hoạt động hơn một ngày dài. Về sạc nhanh, điện
thoại hỗ trợ công nghệ sạc nhanh 45W đi kèm với sạc nhanh không dây 15W và
không dây ngược 4,5W.
>> Link chi tiết bài đánh giá Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra mới nhất: Camera khủng,
Chip khủng… Liệu đã đủ để đứng đầu?
### 4.3. Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra có gì nâng cấp so với S22 Ultra?
Điểm nổi bật Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra Samsung Galaxy S22 Ultra
Bộ vi xử lý Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 Snapdragon 8 Gen 1
Bộ nhớ trong 256GB/512GB/1TB 256GB/512GB
Phiên bản màu Kem, Đen, Tím, Xanh Đen, Trắng, Đỏ, Xanh lá
>> Link bài so sánh Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra và Samsung Galaxy S22 Ultra: Phát
triển thêm những gì
## 5\. Bảng tổng hợp các thông số của Samsung Galaxy S23 Series
Thông số Samsung Galaxy S23 Samsung Galaxy S23 Plus Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra
Màn hình Dynamic AMOLEX 2X 6.1 inch Dynamic AMOLEX 2X 6.6 inch Dynamic AMOLEX
2X 6.8 inch
Độ phân giải 1080 x 2340 pixel 1080 x 2340 pixel 1440 x 3088 pixel
Tần số quét 120Hz 120Hz 120Hz
Chip xử lý Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 Snapdragon 8 Gen 2
RAM 8GB 8GB 12GB
Bộ nhớ trong 128GB | 256GB 256GB | 512GB 256GB | 512GB | 1 TB
Camera trước 12MP 12MP 12MP
Camera sau Camera chính 50MP
Camera siêu rộng 12MP
Camera tele 10MP Camera chính 50MP
Camera siêu rộng 12MP
Camera tele 10MP Camera chính 200MP
Camera siêu rộng 12MP
Camera tele 10MP
Dung lượng pin 3.900 mAh 4.700 mAh 5.000 mAh
S Pen Không Không Có
>> So sánh Samsung Galaxy S23, S23+ và S23 Ultra: Phiên bản nào đáng “xuống
tiền” nhất
## 6\. Lý do nên sở hữu ngay Samsung S23 Series?
Điện thoại Samsung Galaxy S23 Series đã có nhiều sự nâng cấp về công nghệ so
với phiên bản đời trước. Nếu bạn muốn tìm đến một thiết bị thuộc dòng cao cấp
với thiết kế tuyệt đẹp và khả năng chụp hình ấn tượng, S23 Series hứa hẹn sẽ
mang đến những trải nghiệm tốt nhất dành cho bạn.
Phiên bản tiêu chuẩn khi vừa mới ra mắt đã được đánh giá rất cao so với các
smartphone cùng tầm giá khác. Độ hoàn thiện của điện thoại này là rất tốt dù
cho kiểu dáng bên ngoài không có thay đổi nhiều so với tiền nhiệm. Ngoài ra,
điểm sáng nhất trong cấu hình chính là con chip Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 mới nhất
của Qualcomm, giúp cân mọi tác vụ nặng nhẹ khác nhau. Chưa hết, chất lượng của
camera của thiết bị cũng đáp ứng được mọi nhu cầu của đại đa số người dùng.
>> Giải đáp thắc mắc có nên mua Samsung Galaxy S23 hay không?
Trong tầm giá trình làng vừa rồi, S23 Plus cũng là một ứng cử viên cực kỳ sáng
giá. Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 đang là mẫu vi xử lý mới nhất của các mẫu smartphone
Android và nó đã được đưa lên cả series này. Hơn thế nữa, lần này bản Plus
trong dòng cũng được bổ sung thêm bộ nhớ 512GB, hỗ trợ bạn lưu trữ được nhiều
thứ hơn để phục vụ cho công việc, giải trí,... Do đó, đây hoàn toàn là thiết
bị đáng đồng tiền bát gạo trong 2023.
>> Giải đáp thắc mắc có nên mua Samsung Galaxy S23+ hay không?
Dù thiết kế S23 Ultra thay đổi không đáng kể nhưng trải nghiệm đem lại cho
người dùng là có sự khác biệt khá lớn. Camera chính lên đến 200 chấm về độ
phân giải cũng đã được xem là cực uy tín về khả năng chụp ảnh. Ngoài ra, chip
Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 là quân át chủ bài giúp Samsung S23 Ultra hoạt động với tốc
độ cao với mọi tác vụ mà không ghề giật, lag.
>> Giải đáp thắc mắc có nên mua Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra hay không?
## 7\. Trải nghiệm Samsung Galaxy S23 Series
Trải nghiệm thực tế khi cầm 3 thiết bị này trên tay vào lần đầu là cực kỳ
"đã". Nó vẫn mang lại cảm giác thân thuộc của dòng Galaxy S flagship qua các
năm mà không hề bị thay đổi. Phần khung của các máy đều được hoàn thiện từ kim
loại cao cấp, đem đến trải nghiệm cầm nắm rất chắc chắn, hạn chế được trơn
tuột tốt.
Khi nói về cấu hình thì cũng không cần phải bàn cãi quá nhiều khi mà bộ ba này
đều được tích hợp vi xử lý snapdragon 8 Gen 2. Đây là con chip mới nhất và
mạnh nhất đến từ nhà sản xuất lừng lẫy Qualcomm. Vì thế, hiệu năng mà các siêu
phẩm này đem lại hoàn toàn xứng đáng đạt top 1 trên toàn cầu.
Điểm đặc biệt tiếp theo khi nhắc tới của series này chính là việc Samsung nâng
cấp camera chính của bản Ultra lên tới 200 MP. Điều này giúp nâng cao chất
lượng ảnh chụp lên đáng kể, đặc biệt là khi chụp đêm.
>> Link chi tiết bài trải nghiệm Samsung Galaxy S23 Series thực tế
## 8\. Bảng giá Galaxy S23 Series mới nhất - Ưu đãi lên đến 12 triệu đồng
Sau khi đã khám phá những điểm nổi bật hẳn bạn sẽ tò mò về giá bán sản phẩm.
Tùy theo từng dòng và mức dung lượng bộ nhớ mà giá bán của mỗi chiếc điện
thoại sẽ có sự khác nhau. Theo đó, bộ nhớ càng lớn thì định giá máy càng cao.
Và đương nhiên phiên bản tiêu chuẩn sẽ có giá bán thấp hơn so với S23+ và S23
Ultra. Vậy nên việc lựa chọn thiết bị nào phụ thuộc vào nhu cầu và điều kiện
tài chính của riêng bạn.
Lưu ý: Bảng giá dưới đây được cập nhật đến ngày 09/02/2023. Mức giá có thể
thay đổi trong tương lai tùy theo tình hình biến động của thị trường.
Phiên bản Giá chỉ từ
Samsung Galaxy S23 256GB 24.990.000 VNĐ
Samsung Galaxy S23 Plus 256GB 26.990.000 VNĐ
Samsung Galaxy S23 Plus 512GB 29.990.000 VNĐ
Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra 256GB 31.990.000 VNĐ
Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra 512GB 36.990.000 VNĐ
Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra 1TB 44.990.000 VNĐ
>> Xem bảng giá S23 | S23 Plus | S23 Ultra mới nhất tại Di Động Việt kèm nhiều
ưu đãi cực khủng.
## 9\. Mua điện thoại Samsung Galaxy S23 series chính hãng, đến Di Động Việt
Nếu bạn đang tìm kiếm một chiếc điện thoại cao cấp thì đừng bỏ qua
series Samsung Galaxy S, cụ thể hơn là thế hệ Galaxy S23 Series. Và nếu bạn
đang tìm kiếm địa chỉ bán sản phẩm uy tín và chất lượng thì hãy đến ngay Di
Động Việt.
Mua điện thoại Samsung Galaxy S23 series chính hãng, đến Di Động Việt
Di Động Việt là thương hiệu chuyên cung cấp điện thoại Samsung chính hãng với
mức giá tốt nhất, đi kèm với đó là nhiều ưu đãi và chính sách bảo hành rõ
ràng. Hệ thống cửa hàng trải dài khắp cả nước chắc chắn là điểm dừng chân xứng
đáng để bạn tìm mua chiếc điện thoại cao cấp cho riêng mình.
Đến với Di Động Việt, khách hàng sẽ nhận được những quyền lợi sau:
* Cam kết điện thoại chính hãng 100%.
* Mức giá cạnh tranh và tốt nhất trên thị trường hiện nay.
* Bảo hành 12 tháng theo hãng sản xuất.
* Nhiều chương trình khuyến mãi với ưu đãi hấp dẫn.
* Hỗ trợ trả góp 0% với thủ tục đơn giản và nhanh chóng.
* Hỗ trợ trade-in thu cũ đổi mới với mức giá hỗ trợ tốt nhất.
* Chính sách giao hàng nhanh trong vòng 1 giờ đối với khu vực nội thành.
* Đội ngũ nhân viên chuyên nghiệp, nhiệt tình tư vấn và hỗ trợ khách hàng.
## 10\. Các câu hỏi thường gặp về Samsung Galaxy S23 Series
### 10.1. Samsung S23 Series khi nào ra mắt và mở bán?
Samsung S23 Series ra mắt ngày 02/02/2023. Ngày mở bán chính thức là ngày
17/02/2023.
### 10.2. Galaxy S23 Series có mấy màu?
Màu sắc Galaxy S23 series bao gồm 4 tùy chọn cơ bản: Đen Phantom, Kem Cotton,
Xanh Botanic, Tím Lilac và 4 tùy chọn độc quyền: Xanh Lime, Xanh SkyBlue, Xám
Graphite, Đỏ Lychee.
### 10.3. S23 series có những phụ kiện gì?
Phụ kiện S23 | S23+ bao gồm các mẫu ốp lưng, bao da, miếng dán bảo vệ màn
hình, sạc, Galaxy Buds, Galaxy Watch. Phụ kiện S23 Ultra sẽ bao gồm thêm bút S
Pen.
Di Động Việt
Dòng Samsung Galaxy S khác: S22 Series
Hệ thống 56 cửa hàng Di Động Việt
* * *
Nơi có tất cả các sản phẩm Di Động Việt đang kinh doanh và là nơi Trade-in Thu
cũ lên đời. Đặc biệt: Máy qua sử dụng giá rẻ, Trả góp linh hoạt với nhiều
phương thức
* 45 Nguyễn Trung Trực, Rạch Giá , Kiên Giang
* 132 Nguyễn Hữu Thọ, Bến Lức, Long An
* 574 Cách Mạng Tháng 8, Tây Ninh
* 60 Hàm Nghi, Thanh Khê, Đà Nẵng
* 417 Đại Lộ Bình Dương, Thủ Dầu Một, Bình Dương
* 13-15-17 Đường D1, Kp.4, P. Mỹ Phước, Bến Cát, Bình Dương
* 39/1-40/1A Đường 22/12, P. An Phú, Thuận An, Bình Dương
* 1110 Phú Riềng Đỏ, Đồng Xoài, Bình Phước
* 177 Lê Hồng Phong, Vũng Tàu
* 161 Trần Hưng Đạo,Phan Thiết, Bình Thuận
* 316 Hùng Vương, Kp.3, Xuân Bình, Long Khánh
* 91,92,93/2, KP. 8A, Tân Biên, Biên Hòa
* 515 Nguyễn Duy Trinh, Bình Trưng Đông, Thủ Đức
* 967 Kha Vạn Cân, Linh Chiểu, Thủ Đức
* 237 Khánh Hội , P.5 , Quận 4, Hồ Chí Minh
* 1270 Quang Trung, P. 14, Quận Gò Vấp, Hồ Chí Minh
* 04 Nguyễn Ảnh Thủ, P. Hiệp Thành, Quận 12, Hồ Chí Minh
Hệ thống 10 cửa hàng Di Động Việt đạt chuẩn PPG của Apple
* * *
Di Động Việt tự hào với hệ thống 10 cửa hàng đạt chuẩn PPG, có mặt chính thức
trên website của Apple.com (locate.apple.com/vn/en/sales)
* 77 Trần Quang Khải, P. Tân Định, Quận 1, Tp. Hồ Chí Minh
* 79 Đồng Khởi, P. Bến Nghé, Quận 1, Tp. Hồ Chí Minh
* 745A Đường 3/2, Phường 6, Quận 10, Tp. Hồ Chí Minh
* 619 Nguyễn Thị Thập, P. Tân Hưng, Quận 7, Tp. Hồ Chí Minh
* 621 Âu Cơ, P. Phú Thuận, Quận Tân Phú, Tp. Hồ Chí Minh
Hệ thống 05 cửa hàng SiS Mobifone - Di Động Việt
* * *
Hệ thống liên kết theo mô hình Shop in Shop (SiS) giữa Mobifone và Di
Động Việt. Nơi chỉ bán điện thoại Samsung, Oppo, Vsmart, Xiaomi với giá rẻ
nhất thị trường.
* 80 Nguyễn Du, P. Bến Nghé, Quận 1, TP.HCM
* 291A Tô Hiến Thành, P. 13, Quận 10, TP.HCM
* 122A Phan Đăng Lưu, Phường 3, Quận Phú Nhuận, TP.HCM
* 254 Lê Văn Việt, P. Tăng Nhơn Phú A, Quận 9, TP.HCM
* 365 Cộng Hòa, P. 13, Quận Tân Bình, TP.HCM
* Mua hàng từ xa
* Mua hàng trả góp
* Chính sách bảo hành
* Chính sách đổi trả
* Chính sách bán hàng
* Chính sách bảo mật
* Chính sách sử dụng
* Chính sách kiểm hàng
* Hệ thống cửa hàng
* Khuyến mãi trong tháng
* Công nghệ 24h
* Trade-in thu cũ lên đời
* Tra cứu điểm thành viên
* Tuyển dụng mới nhất
* Hướng dẫn mua hàng từ xa
* Trung tâm bảo hành Apple tại Việt Nam
Hỗ trợ
* Gọi tư vấn máy - phụ kiện
(08:00 – 21:30)
1800.6018
* Khiếu nại - Góp ý
(08:00 – 21:30)
1800.6306
* Bảo hành - Hỗ trợ kỹ thuật
(09:00 – 21:00)
1800.6729
* Gọi mua hàng từ xa
(08:00 – 21:30)
1800.6018
Kết nối Di Động Việt
Hỗ trợ thanh toán
Chung nhan Tin Nhiem Mang DMCA.com Protection Status THÔNG TIN WEBSITE THƯƠNG
MẠI ĐIỆN TỬ
Công Ty TNHH Công Nghệ Di Động Việt
Sản phẩm bán chạy
* iPhone 14 Pro Max
* iPhone 13 Pro Max
* Samsung S22 Ultra
* Samsung Galaxy Z Fold4
* Samsung Galaxy Z Flip4
* Oppo Reno8
* Macbook Air M2
* AirPods Pro 2021
* Đồng hồ Garmin
Điện thoại
* iPhone 14 VN/A series
* iPhone 13 VN/A series
* iPhone 12 VN/A series
* iPhone 11 VN/A series
* iPhone Cũ
* Samsung
* Nokia
* Oppo
* Xiaomi
* Điện thoại gập
* Điện thoại cũ
Đồng hồ thông minh
* Apple Watch
* Samsung Galaxy Watch
* Xiaomi Mi Band
* Vòng đeo tay
* Đồng hồ định vị trẻ em
* Đồng hồ Cũ
* Apple Watch cũ
Máy tính bảng
* iPad
* iPad Air 5
* Galaxy Tab
* Xiaomi Pad
Phụ kiện
* Phụ kiện MacBook/Laptop
* Ốp lưng, bao da
* Kính cường lực
* Củ sạc
* Cáp sạc
* Sạc dự phòng
* Tai nghe
* Loa nghe nhạc
* Thiết bị y tế
* Smarthome
Đối tác Sửa chữa Điện thoại - Laptop và Bảo hành Ủy quyền
Viện Di Động
Thế giới máy cũ
* * *
CÔNG TY TNHH CÔNG NGHỆ DI ĐỘNG VIỆT - 75/35 Nguyễn Cửu Vân, Phường 17, Quận
Bình Thạnh, TP Hồ Chí Minh.
Mã số doanh nghiệp: 0312193244, ngày cấp: 05/03/2021, nơi cấp: Sở kế hoạch và
đầu tư thành phố Hồ Chí Minh
MST:0312193244.
Chủ sở hữu: Nguyễn Ngọc Đạt - Điện thoại: 1800.6018 (miễn phí) - Email:
[email protected] - Bản quyền thuộc về Di Động Việt.
Chọn sản phẩm so sánh
So sánh
Ưu đãi
Màn hinh
Camera sau
Camera trước
Hệ điều hành - CPU
Bộ nhớ - Lưu trữ
Kết nối
Thiết kế
Thông tin pin sạc
Thông tin khác
Chào mừng trở lại
Tạo một tài khoản để nhận được những ưu đãi tốt nhất từ Di Động Việt
Email
Mật khẩu
Đăng nhập
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Lấy lại mật khẩu
Hoặc đăng nhập bằng
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Tạo một tài khoản để nhận được những ưu đãi tốt nhất từ Di Động Việt
Email
Mật khẩu
Xác nhận mật khẩu
Đăng ký
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Đăng nhập
Hoặc đăng ký bằng
*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
*[11:24 ngày 21/2/23]:
*[18:45 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[14:42 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[17:56 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[11:21 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[11:39 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[11:35 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[08:31 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[14:01 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[13:28 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[12:15 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[08:44 ngày 18/2/23]:
|
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*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
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*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
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|
spiderum_text/5221 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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invertase / react-native-firebase Public
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🔥 A well-tested feature-rich modular Firebase implementation for React Native.
Supports both iOS & Android platforms for all Firebase services.
rnfirebase.io
### License
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React Native Firebase Firebase Modules Documentation Contributing License
## README.md
## React Native Firebase
NPM downloads NPM version License Maintained with Lerna
Chat on Discord Follow on Twitter Follow on Facebook
* * *
React Native Firebase is a collection of official React Native modules
connecting you to Firebase services; each module is a light-weight JavaScript
layer connecting you to the native Firebase SDKs for both iOS and Android.
React Native Firebase is built with four key principles in mind;
* 🧪 Well tested
* every module is extensively tested to >95% coverage
* 👁 Well typed
* first class support for Typescript included
* 📄 Well documented
* full reference & installation documentation alongside detailed guides and FAQs
* 🔥 Mirrors official Firebase Web SDK
* functions as a drop-in replacement for the Firebase Web SDK in React Native
* maximizes cross-platform code re-usability e.g. re-using code on web platforms
## Firebase Modules
This is the root of the mono-repo for React Native Firebase, if you're looking
for a specific package please select the package link from below.
The main package that you interface with is `App` (`@react-native-
firebase/app`)
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## Documentation
* Quick Start
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Looking for the Version 5 documentation? View legacy documentation.
## Contributing
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## License
* See LICENSE
* * *
Built and maintained by Invertase.
## About
🔥 A well-tested feature-rich modular Firebase implementation for React Native.
Supports both iOS & Android platforms for all Firebase services.
rnfirebase.io
### Topics
react javascript android ios firebase react-native database analytics
storage push-notifications auth transactions fcm realtime-database
react-native-app crashlytics web-sdk remote-config firestore react-hooks
### Resources
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### License
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### Code of conduct
Code of conduct
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10.6k stars
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## Used by 34.6k
* @manhlh97
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*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate. Executive Order 135 §6 states that for "census years" (years divisible by 10) the reference date would be May 1st, but for all other years, the reference date is to be the "middle of the year". This means that growth rates, although correct, are not necessarily simple year-on-year comparisons.
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
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*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
*[11:24 ngày 21/2/23]:
*[18:45 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[14:42 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[17:56 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[11:21 ngày 19/2/23]:
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*[13:28 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[12:15 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[08:44 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[Ref.]: References
*[PSGC]: Philippine Standard Geographic Code
*[SEC]: Securities and Exchange Commission
*[RTC]: Regional Trial Court
*[Crim.]: Criminal
*[ BBC ]: British Broadcasting Corporation
*[Barangay]: Total number of barangays
*[(DK)]: Denmark
*[(NO)]: Norway
*[(GB)]: United Kingdom
*[(IL)]: Israel
*[(FI)]: Finland
*[(HU)]: Hungary
*[(AU)]: Australia
*[(US)]: United States
*[(CA)]: Canada
*[(MU)]: Mauritius
*[(BB)]: Barbados
*[(KR)]: South Korea
*[(PK)]: Pakistan
*[(MR)]: Mauritania
|
spiderum_text/4813 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa | Globe iconLogin iconRecap iconSearch iconTickets icon
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# Major League Baseball donates $200,000 to support disaster relief efforts in
Philippines
### Fans will be Encouraged via MLB.com and MLB Network to Support Efforts by
UNICEF and American Red Cross
November 14, 2013
* * * * Major League Baseball will donate $200,000 to UNICEF and the American Red Cross to assist with disaster relief efforts in the Philippines, which was just struck by Typhoon Haiyan, one of the strongest storms on record.
Additionally, MLB will encourage baseball fans to support UNICEF and the Red
Cross via public service announcements, programming mentions and editorial
coverage on MLB Network and MLB.com.
“Major League Baseball is eager to offer this gesture in support of the relief
efforts assisting the people of the Philippines who have suffered because
of this tragic storm,” Baseball Commissioner Allan H. (Bud) Selig said.
“Millions of people, including many children, have been affected by this
storm, and we encourage others to contribute to the essential work of both
UNICEF and the Red Cross in helping the country recover during this most
difficult time.”
Caryl Stern, President and CEO, U.S. Fund for UNICEF said: “Major League
Baseball has been a true friend to the world’s children in their time of
need. In the aftermath of Typhoon Haiyan, some five million children have
lost their homes, schools and communities. MLB not only asked fans to support
UNICEF’s response, but today they have made a generous gift to help fuel the
relief so desperately needed. On behalf of the children who’ve endured the
strongest storm in history, we thank MLB and its fans for the support.”
“The generous support of Major League Baseball will help the Red Cross support
people affected by Typhoon Haiyan, both in the emergency response and as
people and communities work to rebuild their lives,” said Neal Litvack, chief
development officer at the American Red Cross.
MLB Network will provide information across its studio programming about the
work being done by UNICEF and the American Red Cross and encourage viewers to
donate. MLB.com, the official Web site of Major League Baseball, will also
support relief efforts with editorial coverage, social media outreach and
prominently-displayed links to UNICEF (unicef.org) and the Red Cross
(RedCross.org) where baseball fans can make contributions online.
For more information, please visit MLBCommunity.org.
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*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
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*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate. Executive Order 135 §6 states that for "census years" (years divisible by 10) the reference date would be May 1st, but for all other years, the reference date is to be the "middle of the year". This means that growth rates, although correct, are not necessarily simple year-on-year comparisons.
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
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*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
*[11:24 ngày 21/2/23]:
*[18:45 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[14:42 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[17:56 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[11:21 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[11:39 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[11:35 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[08:31 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[14:01 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[13:28 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[12:15 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[08:44 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[Ref.]: References
*[PSGC]: Philippine Standard Geographic Code
*[SEC]: Securities and Exchange Commission
*[RTC]: Regional Trial Court
*[Crim.]: Criminal
*[ BBC ]: British Broadcasting Corporation
*[Barangay]: Total number of barangays
*[(DK)]: Denmark
*[(NO)]: Norway
*[(GB)]: United Kingdom
*[(IL)]: Israel
*[(FI)]: Finland
*[(HU)]: Hungary
*[(AU)]: Australia
*[(US)]: United States
*[(CA)]: Canada
*[(MU)]: Mauritius
*[(BB)]: Barbados
*[(KR)]: South Korea
*[(PK)]: Pakistan
*[(MR)]: Mauritania
|
spiderum_text/4461 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
# Web server is returning an unknown error Error code 520
Visit cloudflare.com for more information.
2023-02-15 14:56:15 UTC
You
### Browser
Working
Ashburn
### Cloudflare
Working
spiderum.com
### Host
Error
## What happened?
There is an unknown connection issue between Cloudflare and the origin web
server. As a result, the web page can not be displayed.
## What can I do?
### If you are a visitor of this website:
Please try again in a few minutes.
### If you are the owner of this website:
There is an issue between Cloudflare's cache and your origin web server.
Cloudflare monitors for these errors and automatically investigates the cause.
To help support the investigation, you can pull the corresponding error log
from your web server and submit it our support team. Please include the Ray ID
(which is at the bottom of this error page). Additional troubleshooting
resources.
Cloudflare Ray ID: 799ee339fbd95974 • Your IP: Click to reveal 3.211.110.80 •
Performance & security by Cloudflare
*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
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*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
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*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
*[11:24 ngày 21/2/23]:
*[18:45 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[14:42 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[17:56 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[11:21 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[11:39 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[11:35 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[08:31 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[14:01 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[13:28 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[12:15 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[08:44 ngày 18/2/23]:
|
spiderum_text/1498 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
### Đăng nhập & Đăng ký
5giay - Sàn Mua Bán Online
Trang chủ 5Giay > Laptop - PC - Tablet >
### Tìm kiếm bài viết theo id
# Máy Tính Bảng Và Phụ Kiện
Mua bán Máy tính bảng cũ mới, tablet chính hãng Samsung, Acer, Asus, Lenovo,
iPad, Surface Pro và bao da, case, phụ kiện máy tính bảng giá rẻ tại 5Giay.vn
Trang 1 của 784 trang 1 ← 2 3 4 5 6 → 784 Tiếp >
Tỉnh / Thành Chọn (All) TP.Hồ Chí Minh Hà Nội Hải Phòng Đà Nẵng Cần Thơ Khánh
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Bài viết cuối
1. Ipad Mini6 & Air5
### Ipad Mini6 & Air5
Anh Tuấn Apple, 20/2/23 lúc 19:23
ID: 9735696
12đ
13
Anh Tuấn Apple
20/2/23 lúc 19:23
2. Khuôn Đúc Con Kê Bê Tông Thành Đức
### Khuôn Đúc Con Kê Bê Tông Thành Đức
Tỉnh / Thành:
Hà Nội
Hà Nội Qwert98, 20/2/23 lúc 16:58
ID: 9735649
60,000đ
14
Qwert98
20/2/23 lúc 16:58
3. Con Kê Bê Tông
### Con Kê Bê Tông
Tỉnh / Thành:
Hà Nội
Hà Nội Qwert98, 20/2/23 lúc 16:55
ID: 9735646
190,000đ
19
Qwert98
20/2/23 lúc 16:55
4. Surface pro 5 2017 ssd 256gb core i5 ram 8gb 96% 19114
### Surface pro 5 2017 ssd 256gb core i5 ram 8gb 96% 19114
Tỉnh / Thành:
TP.Hồ Chí Minh
TP.Hồ Chí Minh ndle, 20/2/23 lúc 15:23
ID: 9735545
8,200,000đ
18
ndle
20/2/23 lúc 15:23
5. Ipad Gen6 32G 4G xạc 1L
### Ipad Gen6 32G 4G xạc 1L
Anh Tuấn Apple, 20/2/23 lúc 12:05
ID: 9735419
5đ
17
Anh Tuấn Apple
20/2/23 lúc 12:05
6. Linh kiện Plus
### Phụ kiện Linh kiện Plus
Tỉnh / Thành:
Hà Nội
Hà Nội hamy111999777, 20/2/23 lúc 08:55
ID: 9735266
1,000,000đ
21
hamy111999777
20/2/23 lúc 08:55
7. Ipad Gen6/7/8/9/10
### Ipad Gen6/7/8/9/10
Anh Tuấn Apple, 19/2/23 lúc 19:47
ID: 9735103
5đ
29
Anh Tuấn Apple
19/2/23 lúc 19:47
8. bàn phím magic Keyboard iPad 12.9 inch Mới Việt Nam
### bàn phím magic Keyboard iPad 12.9 inch Mới Việt Nam
Tỉnh / Thành:
TP.Hồ Chí Minh
TP.Hồ Chí Minh Chungios, 19/2/23 lúc 14:04
ID: 9735039
7,000,000đ
30
Chungios
19/2/23 lúc 14:04
9. Loa nghe nhạc Homepod mini Màu trắng/ Đen Máy lướt chưa qua sử dụng,
### Loa nghe nhạc Homepod mini Màu trắng/ Đen Máy lướt chưa qua sử dụng,
Tỉnh / Thành:
TP.Hồ Chí Minh
TP.Hồ Chí Minh Chungduongpk, 18/2/23 lúc 17:23
ID: 9734782
2,200,000đ
41
Chungduongpk
18/2/23 lúc 17:23
10. Bàn phím Magic keyboard 12.9 Hàng mới Newseal chính hãng Việt Nam
### Bàn phím Magic keyboard 12.9 Hàng mới Newseal chính hãng Việt Nam
Tỉnh / Thành:
TP.Hồ Chí Minh
TP.Hồ Chí Minh Chungduongpk, 18/2/23 lúc 15:14
ID: 9734728
7,000,000đ
41
Chungduongpk
18/2/23 lúc 15:14
11. Ipad Gen8 32G wifi
### Ipad Gen8 32G wifi
Anh Tuấn Apple, 18/2/23 lúc 10:03
ID: 9734539
6đ
50
Anh Tuấn Apple
18/2/23 lúc 10:03
12. Linh kiện SamSung
### Phụ kiện Linh kiện SamSung
Tỉnh / Thành:
Hà Nội
Hà Nội hamy111999777, 17/2/23 lúc 16:58
ID: 9734294
1,000,000đ
41
hamy111999777
17/2/23 lúc 16:58
13. So sánh chuột gamming và chuột thường
### Phụ kiện So sánh chuột gamming và chuột thường
Tỉnh / Thành:
TP.Hồ Chí Minh
TP.Hồ Chí Minh tfzone, 17/2/23 lúc 16:51
ID: 9734286
158,000đ
34
tfzone
17/2/23 lúc 16:51
14. Doocmo dtab D01J 16g 4g xài như máy tính bảng samsung. âm thanh harman
### Doocmo dtab D01J 16g 4g xài như máy tính bảng samsung. âm thanh harman
Tỉnh / Thành:
TP.Hồ Chí Minh
TP.Hồ Chí Minh vukiller125, 17/2/23 lúc 11:23
ID: 9734072
2,300,000đ
82
vukiller125
20/2/23 lúc 16:56
15. Gen 6 32g 4g màu gold, trắng , giá từ 4tr5 đến 4tr9
### Gen 6 32g 4g màu gold, trắng , giá từ 4tr5 đến 4tr9
Tỉnh / Thành:
TP.Hồ Chí Minh
TP.Hồ Chí Minh vukiller125, 16/2/23 lúc 15:03
ID: 9733701
4,500,000đ
97
vukiller125
20/2/23 lúc 14:33
16. Ipad update 15/2/2023
### Ipad update 15/2/2023
Anh Tuấn Apple, 15/2/23 lúc 08:46
ID: 9733070
5đ
94
Anh Tuấn Apple
15/2/23 lúc 08:46
17. Thùng rác đựng chất thải y tế 20 lit bền đẹp giá sỉ
### Thùng rác đựng chất thải y tế 20 lit bền đẹp giá sỉ
Tỉnh / Thành:
TP.Hồ Chí Minh
TP.Hồ Chí Minh Sale Ngọc Lan, 14/2/23
ID: 9732952
1,000đ
74
Sale Ngọc Lan
14/2/23
18. iPAD Gen 9th mới mua còn BH 2024 + Quà
### iPAD Gen 9th mới mua còn BH 2024 + Quà
Tỉnh / Thành:
TP.Hồ Chí Minh
TP.Hồ Chí Minh #Vip, 14/2/23
ID: 9732928
6,490,000đ
112
#Vip
19/2/23 lúc 10:47
19. IPad Mini 6 64Gb wifi Likenew 99%, ít xài, xài kỹ Đẹp keng BH 05/23
### IPad Mini 6 64Gb wifi Likenew 99%, ít xài, xài kỹ Đẹp keng BH 05/23
Tỉnh / Thành:
TP.Hồ Chí Minh
TP.Hồ Chí Minh Chungduongpk, 13/2/23
ID: 9732788
9,990,000đ
91
Chungduongpk
13/2/23
20. Cần bán gấp xe nâng điện CTDC1530 giá rẻ chưa từng có
### Cần bán gấp xe nâng điện CTDC1530 giá rẻ chưa từng có
Tỉnh / Thành:
Hà Nội
Hà Nội cúc chi, 13/2/23
ID: 9732742
500,000đ
83
cúc chi
13/2/23
21. Bán IPad Air 16GB WiFi New 98% Zin 100% XT USA Giá tốt OK.
### Bán IPad Air 16GB WiFi New 98% Zin 100% XT USA Giá tốt OK.
Tỉnh / Thành:
TP.Hồ Chí Minh
TP.Hồ Chí Minh LAMBORGHINI.9999, 11/2/23
ID: 9732542
2,390,000đ
134
LAMBORGHINI.9999
19/2/23 lúc 21:08
22. iPad Air 4 64GB wifi Màu xanh blue Máy body không box
### iPad Air 4 64GB wifi Màu xanh blue Máy body không box
Tỉnh / Thành:
TP.Hồ Chí Minh
TP.Hồ Chí Minh Chungduongpk, 8/2/23
ID: 9732083
10,000,000đ
109
Chungduongpk
8/2/23
23. iPad Air 5 64GB Màu blue/gray Máy lướt Sạc 1-2 lần chưa sd.Bh dai 2023
### iPad Air 5 64GB Màu blue/gray Máy lướt Sạc 1-2 lần chưa sd.Bh dai 2023
Tỉnh / Thành:
TP.Hồ Chí Minh
TP.Hồ Chí Minh Chungduongpk, 8/2/23
ID: 9732081
11,990,000đ
103
Chungduongpk
8/2/23
24. Ipad Air5
### Ipad Air5
Anh Tuấn Apple, 8/2/23
ID: 9731960
12đ
92
Anh Tuấn Apple
8/2/23
25. Ipad Mini1 16G Wifi
### Ipad Mini1 16G Wifi
Anh Tuấn Apple, 8/2/23
ID: 9731953
1đ
77
Anh Tuấn Apple
8/2/23
26. Phụ kiện Gen10
### Phụ kiện Phụ kiện Gen10
Tỉnh / Thành:
Hà Nội
Hà Nội hamy111999777, 8/2/23
ID: 9731950
1,000,000đ
51
hamy111999777
8/2/23
27. Ipad Gen 5 - Gen 6 zin đẹp full chức năng giá bao đẹp luôn
### Ipad Gen 5 - Gen 6 zin đẹp full chức năng giá bao đẹp luôn
Tỉnh / Thành:
TP.Hồ Chí Minh
TP.Hồ Chí Minh vietkhanhmobile, 8/2/23
ID: 9731943
2,900,000đ
190
vietkhanhmobile
20/2/23 lúc 10:28
28. ipad 2 16gb ra
### ipad 2 16gb ra
Tỉnh / Thành:
TP.Hồ Chí Minh
TP.Hồ Chí Minh Raider092, 7/2/23
ID: 9731938
800,000đ
130
Raider092
8/2/23
29. Ipad Mini4 & Mini6
### Ipad Mini4 & Mini6
Anh Tuấn Apple, 7/2/23
ID: 9731935
5đ
94
Anh Tuấn Apple
7/2/23
30. 10+ cách chuyển video youtube sang mp3 nhanh chóng
### 10+ cách chuyển video youtube sang mp3 nhanh chóng
Tỉnh / Thành:
TP.Hồ Chí Minh
TP.Hồ Chí Minh Phamemfree, 7/2/23
ID: 9731863
100,000đ
131
Phamemfree
7/2/23
Hiển thị chủ đề từ 1 đến 30 của 23,516
Xếp chủ đề theo: Lần gửi bài cuối Thời gian tạo chủ đề Tiêu đề (sắp xếp ABC)
Số lượng trả lời Số lượt xem Bài viết đầu được yêu thích
Xếp chủ đề kiểu: Thứ tự giảm dần Thứ tự tăng dần
Tiền tố: (Mọi) Phụ kiện
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## Máy tính bảng
Máy tính bảng (Tablet Computer) còn được gọi ngắn gọn là Tablet, là một loại
thiết bị máy tính tất cả trong một với màn hình cảm ứng, sử dụng bút cảm ứng
hay ngón tay để nhập dữ liệu thông tin thay cho bàn phím và chuột máy tính. Là
loại thiết bị di động thứ ba, kết hợp các tính năng của máy tính xách tay và
điện thoại di động. Tên gọi của loại thiết bị này là máy tính bảng vì nó trông
giống cái bảng. Năm 2010 đánh dấu sự ra đời của iPad, chiếc máy tính bảng mạnh
mẽ với nhiều khả năng vượt trội, thiết kế đẹp nhất và cho đến nay nếu như bạn
muốn một chiếc máy tính bảng đẹp và mạnh mẽ dễ sử dụng.
## Chọn mua máy tính bảng chính hãng và giá rẻ
Nếu như trước đây máy tính bảng vẫn chưa đủ mạnh và phần mềm của nó còn chưa
đủ tinh vi để có thể thay thế được các tác vụ cơ bản của một chiếc Laptop cồng
kềnh nặng vài kg thì giờ đây bạn có thể yên tâm nếu chọn một chiếc máy tính
bảng chính hãng thay cho chiếc Laptop của mình, hoặc một chiếc máy tính bảng
giá rẻ mà vẫn có thể đảm bảo được mọi thứ bạn cần và thậm chí là hơn cả mong
đợi của bạn.
Tags: ipad, ipad air, ipad mini, ipad pro, ipad pro 9'7, ipad pro 12'9, ipad
2, ipad 3, ipad 4, ipad air 2, ipad mini 2, ipad mini 3, ipad mini 4, samsung
galaxy tab e, samsung galaxy tab s2, samsung galaxy tab a, samsung galaxy
tabpro s, microsoft surface pro, surface pro 2, surface pro 3, surface pro 4,
máy tính bảng samsung, máy tính bảng acer, máy tính bảng asus, máy tính bảng
lenovo, xiaomi mipad 2, phụ kiện máy tính bảng, bao da ipad, bao da máy tính
bảng, dịch vụ sửa chữa máy tính bảng
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Liên hệ quảng cáo : 0942.788.830 (Mr. Tới),
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Báo Giá Quảng Cáo
Cty CP TM và DV Tin Học Nhật Nguyệt
(Quản lý website - không bán hàng)
Trụ sở:114 Đường số 2 Cư Xá Đô Thành P.4,Q.3,Tp.HCM
ĐKKD số: 0304899283. Đăng ký ngày: 26/03/2007
Cơ quan cấp ĐKKD: Sở Kế Hoạch & Đầu Tư Tp. HCM
Tel: 0942.788.830
Email: [email protected]
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|
spiderum_text/3818 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
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*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
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*[Q & A]: questions and answers
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*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
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*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
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*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
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|
spiderum_text/429 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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|
spiderum_text/4000 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
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*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
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*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
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|
spiderum_text/5305 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
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*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate. Executive Order 135 §6 states that for "census years" (years divisible by 10) the reference date would be May 1st, but for all other years, the reference date is to be the "middle of the year". This means that growth rates, although correct, are not necessarily simple year-on-year comparisons.
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
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*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
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*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
*[11:24 ngày 21/2/23]:
*[18:45 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[14:42 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[17:56 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[11:21 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[11:39 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[11:35 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[08:31 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[14:01 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[13:28 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[12:15 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[08:44 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[Ref.]: References
*[PSGC]: Philippine Standard Geographic Code
*[SEC]: Securities and Exchange Commission
*[RTC]: Regional Trial Court
*[Crim.]: Criminal
*[ BBC ]: British Broadcasting Corporation
*[Barangay]: Total number of barangays
*[(DK)]: Denmark
*[(NO)]: Norway
*[(GB)]: United Kingdom
*[(IL)]: Israel
*[(FI)]: Finland
*[(HU)]: Hungary
*[(AU)]: Australia
*[(US)]: United States
*[(CA)]: Canada
*[(MU)]: Mauritius
*[(BB)]: Barbados
*[(KR)]: South Korea
*[(PK)]: Pakistan
*[(MR)]: Mauritania
|
spiderum_text/4545 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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time.
### Resources
* Learn more about How YouTube is helping people get the facts on the COVID-19 vaccine
* Check here for regular updates on how YouTube is addressing the situation
* Learn more about the COVID-19 Medical Misinformation Policy
## Raising authoritative voices
We display information panels linking to global and locally relevant health
officials on our homepage, and in panels that appear on videos and searches
about COVID-19. Collectively, these panels have served over 400 billion
impressions.
The COVID-19 pandemic not only affects physical health - it can also affect
mental health. To help people access authoritative information more easily, in
some countries/regions, we introduced depression and anxiety health
information panels and self-assessments in YouTube Search. We are working on
making these panels available in more countries/regions.
As a continuation of our efforts to combat COVID-19 related misinformation, we
updated our COVID-19 information panels to include links to COVID-19 vaccine
info. The updated panels may show in search results and on watch pages related
to COVID-19 or COVID-19 vaccines. The updated panels are intended to help
users find third-party authoritative COVID-19 vaccine info and are not a
judgment on the accuracy of any video.
We've also donated ad inventory to governments and NGOs to help give their
public health messages about COVID-19 more visibility on YouTube.
We help users stay up to date with the latest information by pointing them to
trusted sources. During the first few months of COVID-19, YouTube had launched
a news shelf for COVID-19 that displayed timely videos from authoritative news
and health sources on the home page.
### Resources
* Learn more about How YouTube is helping people get the facts on the COVID-19 vaccine
* Check here for regular updates on how YouTube is addressing the situation
* Learn more about the COVID-19 Medical Misinformation Policy
## Removing misinformation
As the COVID-19 situation has evolved, we have partnered closely with global
and local health authorities to ensure our policy definition and enforcement
is effective in removing content where there is a serious risk of egregious
harm. Our policies prohibit, for example, content that denies the existence of
the coronavirus or encourages the use of home remedies in place of medical
treatment. We also prohibit content that explicitly disputes the efficacy of
global or local health authority advice regarding social distancing that may
lead people to act against that guidance.
In October 2020, we expanded our COVID-19 medical misinformation policy to
remove content about vaccines that contradicts consensus from health
authorities, such as the Centers for Disease Control or the World Health
Organization.
### Resources
* Learn more about How YouTube is helping people get the facts on the COVID-19 vaccine
* Check here for regular updates on how YouTube is addressing the situation
* Learn more about the COVID-19 Medical Misinformation Policy
## Reducing the spread of borderline content
Content that comes close to â but doesnât quite cross the line of â
violating our Community Guidelines is a fraction of 1% of whatâs watched on
YouTube in the U.S. In 2019, we began reducing recommendations of borderline
content or videos that could misinform users in harmful ways. This work has
been foundational in ensuring that we limit the spread of COVID-19 related
borderline content on our site.
### Resources
* Learn more about How YouTube is helping people get the facts on the COVID-19 vaccine
* Check here for regular updates on how YouTube is addressing the situation
* Learn more about the COVID-19 Medical Misinformation Policy
## How has YouTube helped people adapt to a changing world?
In a short time, COVID-19 has changed how people live their lives. From
parents, to teachers to remote workers, weâre creating resources to help
users adapt to extraordinary circumstances as they practice social distancing.
### Resources
* Learn more about How YouTube is helping people get the facts on the COVID-19 vaccine
* Check here for regular updates on how YouTube is addressing the situation
* Learn more about the COVID-19 Medical Misinformation Policy
## Remote learning
As schools closed their buildings and families found themselves at home, we
launched Learn@Home and enhanced the YouTube Learning Hub to help parents and
guardians complement family learning with supplemental learning content and
activities. From Khan Academy to Edelvives to Kok Bisa, these resources
spotlight content across math, science, history and arts from popular learning
channels. Content on the site is now available in English, Italian, French,
Korean, Spanish, German, and Japanese.
### Resources
* Explore the Learn@Home microsite
* Explore the Learning Hub
* Check here for regular updates on how YouTube is addressing the situation
## Staying connected
Weâve found ways to help our users to stay active, inspired and entertained
while following public health guidance. In March 2020, we launched the #WithMe
Initiative that encouraged users to follow social distancing guidance. The
initiative ran over the course of March - April 2020, and was live in 63
markets and collaborated with over 700 creators and artists.
Since the start of the worldâs isolation, people have turned to YouTube to
connect over livestreams.To support this, we created and shared a Live Stream
Playbook and Digital Events Playbook with partners globally to enable more
creators and organizations to maintain a connection virtually as we practice
social distancing.
### Resources
* Learn more about How YouTube is helping people get the facts on the COVID-19 vaccine
* Check here for regular updates on how YouTube is addressing the situation
* Learn more about the COVID-19 Medical Misinformation Policy
## How is YouTube supporting and inspiring relief and recovery?
As governments and the scientific community work rapidly to manage and
mitigate the impact of the outbreak, YouTube is contributing resources and
relief to help enable leaders of the science and medical community to protect
people and get society back up and running.
We are promoting and supporting fundraising efforts led by YouTube creators
and artists to help support various causes related to the COVID-19 crisis by
committing grant funds globally, and providing broader access to YouTube
features such as our fundraiser tag and donate button.
### Resources
* Learn more about How YouTube is helping people get the facts on the COVID-19 vaccine
* Check here for regular updates on how YouTube is addressing the situation
* Learn more about the COVID-19 Medical Misinformation Policy
## Related articles
* News and information
Read more
* Fighting misinformation
Read more
* Managing harmful content
Read more
### Connect
About YouTube
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Select YouTube Studio YouTube TV
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spiderum_text/4937 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
Google Workspace
* Ãözümler
close
#### arrow_forward
Ãözümler Tüm uygulamaları göster
Ä°Åletmeler için
* Genel bakıÅGoogle Workspace Business
* Küçük Ãlçekli Ä°ÅletmelerKüçük ölçekli iÅletme verimlilik araçları
* Yeni Ä°ÅletmeYeni iÅletmeler için araçlar
* Startup'larStartup'lara yönelik verimlilik araçları
KuruluÅlar İçin
* Genel bakıÅGoogle Workspace Enterprise
* Ãn Saflarda ÃalıÅanlarÃn saflarda çalıÅanlar için Google Workspace
* Daha Güvenli ÃalıÅınKuruluÅları siber saldırılardan koruyun
#### arrow_forward
Ãözümler Tüm uygulamaları göster
* GeliÅtiriciler
* EÄitim
* Sivil Toplum KuruluÅları
* Ãrünler
close
#### Dahil olan uygulamalar arrow_forward
Ãrünler Tüm uygulamaları göster
* GmailÃzel iÅ e-postası
* TakvimPaylaÅılan takvimler
* Google DriveBulut depolama alanı
* MeetGörüntülü ve sesli konferans
* DokümanlarKelime iÅleme
* E-TablolarE-tablolar
* SlaytlarSunu oluÅturma aracı
* ChatEkipler için mesajlaÅma
#### Güvenlik ve Yönetim arrow_forward
Ãrünler Tüm uygulamaları göster
* Yönetici konsolu
* Eklentiler
* Sektörler
close
#### arrow_forward
Sektörler Tüm uygulamaları göster
Sektörler
* SaÄlık Hizmetleri ve YaÅam Bilimleri
* Perakende
* Ä°malat
* Resmi Kurumlar ve Ãzel Sektör
* Profesyonel Hizmetler
* Teknoloji
Bölümler
* SatıÅ
* Pazarlama
* İnsan Kaynakları
#### arrow_forward
Sektörler Tüm uygulamaları göster
* Güvenlik
* Fiyatlandırma
* Kaynaklar
close
#### arrow_forward
Kaynaklar Tüm uygulamaları göster
KeÅfedin
* GüvenlikVerilerinizi koruma
* Uzaktan çalıÅmaUzaktan çalıÅmaya yönelik kaynaklar
* MüÅteri hikayeleriÃrnek olaylar ve videolar
* BlogEn son ürün haberleri ve hikayeler
ÃÄrenin
* SSSSık sorulan sorulara yanıtlar
* EÄitim ve sertifikasyonÄ°steÄe baÄlı veya sınıf eÄitimi
* Canlı ve isteÄe baÄlı etkinliklerEtkinlik ve webinar'ları keÅfedin
* Video konferansGoogle Meet hakkında bilgi edinin
BaÄlantı
* Ä°Å ortaklarıDoÄru iÅ ortaÄını bulun
* MarketplaceUygulamalara göz atın ve uygulamaları yükleyin
* Google Workspace EklentileriÃçüncü taraf uygulamalarını entegre edin
* Google Workspace'i tavsiye edinTavsiye Programımızla ödül kazanın
#### arrow_forward
Kaynaklar Tüm uygulamaları göster
* Yöneticiler için destek
* Kullanıcılar için destek
* Yönetici konsolu
* SatıŠekibiyle iletiÅime geçin
* Ãcretsiz test edin
menu clear
* Ãözümler
* * Ä°Åletmeler için
* Genel bakıÅ
* Küçük Ãlçekli Ä°Åletmeler
* Yeni Ä°Åletme
* Startup'lar
* KuruluÅlar İçin
* Genel bakıÅ
* Ãn Saflarda ÃalıÅanlar
* Daha Güvenli ÃalıÅın
* * GeliÅtiriciler
* EÄitim
* Sivil Toplum KuruluÅları
* Ãrünler
* Dahil olan uygulamalar
* Gmail
* Takvim
* Google Drive
* Meet
* Daha Ãok Göster Daha Az Göster
* Dokümanlar
* E-Tablolar
* Slaytlar
* Chat
* Güvenlik ve Yönetim
* Yönetici konsolu
* Eklentiler
* Sektörler
* * Sektörler
* SaÄlık Hizmetleri ve YaÅam Bilimleri
* Perakende
* Ä°malat
* Resmi Kurumlar ve Ãzel Sektör
* Profesyonel Hizmetler
* Teknoloji
* Bölümler
* SatıÅ
* Pazarlama
* İnsan Kaynakları
* * Güvenlik
* Fiyatlandırma
* Kaynaklar
* * KeÅfedin
* Güvenlik
* Uzaktan çalıÅma
* MüÅteri hikayeleri
* Blog
* ÃÄrenin
* SSS
* EÄitim ve sertifikasyon
* Canlı ve isteÄe baÄlı etkinlikler
* Video konferans
* BaÄlantı
* İŠortakları
* Marketplace
* Google Workspace Eklentileri
* Google Workspace'i tavsiye edin
* * Yöneticiler için destek
* Kullanıcılar için destek
Yönetici konsolu
* Yöneticiler için destek
* Kullanıcılar için destek
SatıŠekibiyle iletiÅime geçin Ãcretsiz test edin
## Customer Care teklifleri
Customer Care Portföyü kapsamında sunduÄumuz destek teklifiyle Google
Workspace deneyiminizi geliÅtirin.
Destek planlarına göz atın
Google Workspace Ä°le Ä°lgili Sorun Giderme
## Google Workspace kapsamındaki kaynaklar
## Google Workspace Yönetici desteÄi
Google Workspace yöneticileri, çok kanallı destek hizmetinden
yararlanabilir. Yardım almak ve kullanıcıları yönetmek için yönetici
olarak oturum açın. Ayrıca, Google Workspace Yönetici yardım topluluÄu
ile de iletiÅime geçin.
## Genel Google desteÄi
Google Workspace yöneticisi deÄilseniz ürünlerle ilgili sorunlar,
faturalandırma ve daha pek çok konuda sorularınıza cevap bulmak için
Google Yardım sayfasına bakabilirsiniz.
## Customer Care planları
Ãcretli müÅteri hizmetleri teklifleri kapsamında saÄlanan yanıt
süreleri ve hizmetler hakkında bilgi edinin.
* ### GeliÅmiÅ Destek keyboard_arrow_down
### KısaltılmıŠyanıt süreleri
Ä°yileÅtirilmiÅ yanıt sürelerine sahip akıllı destek kaydı
yönlendirme.
Google Workspace ve GCP
### Ä°leri Düzey Ãrün bilgisi
Ä°leri düzey ürün bilgisi ve geliÅmiÅ analiz araçlarına sahip Teknik
Destek uzmanları sayesinde iyileÅtirilmiÅ Destek deneyimi.
### Ãçüncü Taraf Teknoloji DesteÄi
Ãçüncü taraf uygulamaların kurulum, yapılandırma ve teknik destek
gereksinimlerinde ticari olarak makul yardım yardım.
* ### Premium Destek keyboard_arrow_down
### P1 Destek Kayıtları için 15 dakikalık yanıt süresi
İŠkesintilerini en aza indirmeyi amaçlayan iddialı hedef yanıt süresi.
Yalnızca Google Workspace
### MüÅteri Odaklı Rehberlik
Sorunları etkili bir Åekilde çözmek için ortamınızın mimari
baÄlamına uygun olarak atanan özel teknik danıÅmanlar.
### Proaktif Destek Hizmetleri
MüÅteri desteÄi deneyiminizi iyileÅtirmek ve daha yüksek destek ihtiyacı
olan anahtar metrikleri veya projeleri tanımlamak için hazırlanan üç
aylık incelemeler.
# Avantajlar
#### İhtiyaçlarınıza özel hizmetler
Ä°ster yanıt sürelerini azaltmayı ister üçüncü taraf teknoloji desteÄi
eklemeyi planlıyor olun, Cloud Customer Care'de ihtiyaçlarınıza uygun pek
çok seçenek bulacaksınız.
#### Ä°Åletmeniz için en uygun müÅteri hizmetleri teklifini seçin
Google Workspace lisansınıza dahil olan Standart Destek'ten yararlanabilir
veya daha kısa yanıt süreleri ve daha fazla hizmet için GeliÅmiÅ ya da
Premium Destek'e geçebilirsiniz.
#### Daha verimli sonuçlar
GeliÅmiÅ veya Premium Destek kapsamında hizmet veren Teknik Destek
uzmanlarımız, sahip oldukları Ä°leri Düzey ürün bilgisi ve geliÅmiÅ
analiz araçları ile Destek deneyiminizi daha verimli hale getirir.
# Premium Destek özellikleri
Google Workspace ve GCP Premium Destek müÅterileri bu özelliklere ve
hizmetlere eriÅebilir.
#### Kurumsal düzeyde P1 yanıt süreleri
Ä°Åiniz açısından kritik öneme sahip P1 destek kayıtlarında, sorunları
15 dakikalık SLO'larla (hizmet düzeyi hedefi) hızlıca çözün.
#### Teknik Hesap Yönetimi
Operasyonel dayanıklılık, platform durumu ve mimari kararlılık konusunda
size destek olacak özel bir Teknik Hesap Yöneticisi (THY) ile birlikte
çalıÅın.
#### İleri Düzeyde ürün bilgisine sahip uzmanlar
Sorunlarınızı ileri düzeyde ürün bilgisiyle çözüme kavuÅturacak
teknik uzmanlarla iletiÅime geçin.
#### EÄitim
Qwiklabs eÄitim platformundaki yüzlerce Google Workspace eÄitimine eriÅim
elde edin.
#### Operasyonel durum incelemeleri
MüÅteri desteÄi deneyiminizi yönetmek ve sürekli geliÅim için anahtar
operasyonel metrikleri tanımlamak üzere güvenilir danıÅmanların
hazırladıÄı üç aylık incelemeler.
#### Ä°Åletmenizi tanıyan bir destek hizmeti
Google MüÅteri Odaklı Destek üzerinden uygulama ve sistemlerinizi tanıyan
bir ekiple birlikte çalıÅın.
#### Ãçüncü Taraf teknoloji desteÄi
Ãçüncü taraf uygulamaları için kurulum, yapılandırma ve teknik destek
yardımı.
#### Yeni ürün önizlemeleri
Google Cloud çözümlerine, kullanıma sunulmalarından 20+ ay önce
eriÅerek özellikleri önceden test edin.
# Customer Care tekliflerini karÅılaÅtırın
Ä°Åletmenizin ihtiyaçlarına en uygun teklifi seçin.
#### GeliÅmiÅ Destek
Daha hızlı yanıt ve öncelikli desteÄe 7/24 eriÅim. Google Workspace
Enterprise sürümüne dahildir.
SatıŠekibiyle iletiÅime geçin GeliÅmiÅ Destek maliyetini hesaplayın
Ãzellikleri göster Ãzellikleri gizle
* P1 destek kayıtları için bir saatlik yanıt süresi
* P1 ve P2 destek kayıtları için 7/24 destek
* Ãok kanallı destek
* İleri düzey ürün bilgisine sahip teknik uzmanlar
* Ãçüncü Taraf Teknoloji DesteÄi
#### Standart Destek
Google Workspace aboneliÄinize Standart Destek dahildir.
Ãzellikleri göster Ãzellikleri gizle
* P1 Destek kayıtları için dört saatlik hizmet düzeyi hedefi (SLO)
* P1 destek kayıtları için 7/24 destek
* Ãok kanallı destek
#### Premium Destek
Ä°Å açısından en kritik ihtiyaçlarınızı karÅılayan proaktif ve
özelleÅtirilmiÅ destek.
SatıŠekibiyle iletiÅime geçin Premium Destek maliyetini hesaplayın
Ãzellikleri göster Ãzellikleri gizle
* P1 destek kayıtları için 15 dakikalık yanıt süresi
* P1, P2 ve P3 destek kayıtları için 7/24 destek
* Ãok kanallı destek
* İleri düzey ürün bilgisine sahip teknik uzmanlar
* Ãçüncü Taraf Teknoloji DesteÄi
* Teknik Hesap Yöneticisi
* MüÅteri Odaklı Destek
* Operasyonel durum incelemeleri
* Akıllı sistemler
* EÄitim
* Yeni ürün önizlemeleri
## Katma DeÄerli Hizmetler
Google Workspace Katma DeÄerli Hizmetleri satın alarak GeliÅmiÅ ve Premium
Destek hizmeti özelliklerinizi geniÅletin. Ä°Åletmenizin gereksinimlerini
karÅılamak üzere artırılmıŠözelleÅtirme olanaÄından
yararlanabileceÄiniz iki seçenek vardır: Google Workspace için Assured
Support ve Google Workspace için Teknik DanıÅma Hizmeti.
Google Workspace için Assured Support
Sizinki gibi üst düzey yönetim gereksinimleri olan kuruluÅlara
basitleÅtirilmiÅ yöntemler sunan Google Workspace için Assured Support ile
Google Workspace destek hizmetlerinizi denetleyerek bilgi yönetimi
yolculuÄunuzu ileriye taÅıyın. Kolay kurulumu ve sıkı uygunluk
denetimleriyle bu hizmet, Premium Destek'te saÄlanan avantajların yanı
sıra ek bir yönetim katmanı sunar. ABD bölgesinde sunulan bu Google
Workspace Katma DeÄerli Hizmeti, Premium Destek ile sunulan avantajlara,
hizmetin ABD'de bulunan ABD gerçek/tüzel kiÅileri tarafından
etkinleÅtirilmesini saÄlayan uygunluk avantajı da ekler. Google Workspace
için Assured Support yalnızca Premium Destek müÅterilerine sunulur.
## Google Workspace ile ilgili sorunları giderme
Sık karÅılaÅılan sorunlarla ilgili sorun giderme yardımına ulaÅın
veya Google Workspace Yönetici Yardım Merkezi'ni ziyaret edin.
* Alanımı doÄrula
* Alan ayarlarını bulun
* E-posta ayarlarını yapın
* Telefonunuzu ayarlayın
* Gmail'i Outlook'la kullanın
* BaÅka bir e-postayla
ileti alıp gönderin
* Åifre sıfırlama
* Faturalandırma ve Ãdemeler
Google Workspace Destek Ekibi dilleri, iletiÅim bilgileri ve çalıÅma
saatleri.
ÃzelleÅtirilmiŠçözümlere mi ihtiyacınız var? DanıÅmanlık
hizmetlerimiz hakkında bilgi edinin.
# Kullanmaya baÅlayın
## GeliÅmiÅ Destek
Daha kısa yanıt süreleri ve öncelikli desteÄe 7/24 eriÅim
SatıŠekibiyle iletiÅime geçin
## Premium Destek hizmetini kullanmaya baÅlayın
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## Contents
move to sidebar hide
* (Top)
* 1Meteorological history
* 2Preparations
* 2.1Micronesia and Palau
* 2.2Philippines
* 2.3Southern China
* 2.4Vietnam
* 3Impact
* 3.1Micronesia
* 3.2Palau
* 3.3Philippines
* 3.4Taiwan
* 3.5Hong Kong
* 3.6Southern China
* 3.7Vietnam
* 4Aftermath and retirement
* 4.1Philippines
* 4.1.1Environmental impact
* 4.1.2Looting and violence
* 4.1.3Criticism of government response
* 4.1.4Humanitarian crisis and population displacement
* 4.1.5International response
* 4.1.6Supranational bodies
* 4.1.7Celebrities, companies, and NGOs
* 4.1.7.1Politics involving aid relief
* 4.1.7.2Aid projects
* 4.2Vietnam
* 4.3Climate change
* 5In popular media
* 6See also
* 7Notes
* 8References
* 9External links
Toggle the table of contents
# Typhoon Haiyan
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Pacific typhoon in 2013
This article is about the 2013 typhoon. For other storms of the same name, see
Typhoon Haiyan (disambiguation) and Tropical Storm Yolanda.
Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda)Violent typhoon (JMA scale)
Category 5 super typhoon (SSHWS)
Haiyan Nov 7 2013 1345Z \(Borderless\).png
Typhoon Haiyan near its record peak intensity while approaching the
Philippines on November 7
FormedNovember 3, 2013
DissipatedNovember 11, 2013
Highest winds10-minute sustained: 230 km/h (145 mph)
1-minute sustained: 315 km/h (195 mph)
Lowest pressure895 hPa (mbar); 26.43 inHg
Fatalities6,352 confirmed, 1,771 missing
Damage$2.98 billion (2013 USD)
(Costliest in Philippine history)
Areas affectedMicronesia, Philippines, South China, Vietnam, Taiwan, Palau
Part of the 2013 Pacific typhoon season
History
* Meteorological history
Response
* Humanitarian response
Other wikis
* Commons: Haiyan images
Typhoon Haiyan, known in the Philippines as Super Typhoon Yolanda, was one of
the most powerful tropical cyclones ever recorded. On making landfall, Haiyan
devastated portions of Southeast Asia, particularly the Philippines.[1] It is
one of the deadliest Philippine typhoons on record,[2] killing at least 6,300
people in that country alone.[3] In terms of JTWC-estimated 1-minute sustained
winds, Haiyan is tied with Meranti in 2016 for being the second strongest
landfalling tropical cyclone on record, only behind Goni of 2020. As of
January 2014, bodies were still being found.[4] Haiyan was also the most
intense tropical cyclone worldwide in 2013. This typhoon is also the second
deadliest typhoon in the Philippines.
The 30th named storm, thirteenth typhoon, and fifth super typhoon of the 2013
Pacific typhoon season, Haiyan originated from an area of low pressure several
hundred kilometers east-southeast of Pohnpei in the Federated States of
Micronesia on November 2, 2013. Tracking generally westward, environmental
conditions favored tropical cyclogenesis and the system developed into a
tropical depression on the following day. After becoming a tropical storm and
being named Haiyan at 00:00 UTC on November 4, the system began a period of
rapid intensification that brought it to typhoon intensity by 18:00 UTC on
November 5. By November 6, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) assessed
the system as a Category 5-equivalent super typhoon on the Saffir–Simpson
hurricane wind scale (SSHWS); the storm passed over the island of Kayangel in
Palau shortly after attaining this strength.
Thereafter, Haiyan continued to intensify; at 12:00 UTC on November 7, the
Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) upgraded the storm's maximum ten-minute
sustained winds to 230 km/h (140 mph), the highest in relation to the storm.
The Hong Kong Observatory put the storm's maximum ten-minute sustained winds
at 285 km/h (177 mph)[5] prior to landfall in the central Philippines, while
the China Meteorological Administration (CMA) estimated the maximum two-minute
sustained winds at the time to be around 78 m/s (280 km/h or 175 mph). At the
same time, the JTWC estimated the system's one-minute sustained winds at 315
km/h (196 mph), unofficially making Haiyan the strongest tropical cyclone ever
observed based on wind speed, a record which would later be surpassed by
Hurricane Patricia in 2015 at 345 km/h (214 mph).[6]
Haiyan is also tied with Meranti in 2016, Goni in 2020 and Surigae in 2021 as
the most intense tropical cyclone in the Eastern Hemisphere by 1-minute
sustained winds; several others have recorded lower central pressure readings.
At 20:40 UTC on November 7, the eye of the typhoon made its first landfall in
the Philippines at Guiuan, Eastern Samar at peak strength. Gradually
weakening, the storm made five additional landfalls in the country before
emerging over the South China Sea. Turning northwestward, the typhoon
eventually struck northern Vietnam as a severe tropical storm on November 10.
Haiyan was last noted as a tropical depression by the JMA on the following
day.
The typhoon caused catastrophic destruction in the Visayas, particularly in
the islands of Samar and Leyte. According to UN officials, about 11 million
people were affected and many were left homeless; many people are still
missing as a result of this storm.[7]
## Meteorological history[edit]
Main article: Meteorological history of Typhoon Haiyan
Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson
scale
Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
Unknown
Storm type
circle Tropical cyclone
square Subtropical cyclone
triangle Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon
depression
On November 2, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) began monitoring a
broad low-pressure area about 425 kilometers (264 miles) east-southeast of
Pohnpei, one of the states in the Federated States of Micronesia.[nb 1] As the
system moved through a region favoring tropical cyclogenesis,[9] the Japan
Meteorological Agency (JMA) classified it as a tropical depression early on
November 3.[10][nb 2]
The system quickly intensified into a tropical storm, prompting the JMA to
assign it the name Haiyan (Chinese: 海燕; lit. 'petrel') at 00:00 UTC on
November 4.[10] Tracking generally westward along the southern periphery of a
subtropical ridge,[12] rapid intensification ensued by November 5 as a central
dense overcast with an embedded eye developing; the JMA classified Haiyan as a
typhoon later that day.[10] On November 6, the Philippine Atmospheric,
Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) assigned the
storm the local name Yolanda as it approached the Philippine Area of
Responsibility.[13]
Geographical images of Typhoon Haiyan (superimposed, 2013) and Hurricane
Katrina (2005) in the Gulf of Mexico for size and cloud top temperature
comparison
Intensification slowed somewhat during the day, though the JTWC estimated the
storm to have attained Category 5-equivalent super typhoon status on the
Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale (SSHWS) around 12:00 UTC.[nb 3][15] Later,
the eye of the typhoon passed over the island of Kayangel in Palau.[16]
Around 12:00 UTC on November 7, Haiyan attained ten-minute sustained winds of
230 km/h (140 mph) and a minimum central pressure of 895 mbar (hPa; 26.43
inHg).[10] Six hours later, the JTWC estimated Haiyan to have attained one-
minute sustained winds of 315 km/h (196 mph) and gusts up to 380 km/h (240
mph).[17] The storm displayed some characteristics of an annular tropical
cyclone, though a strong convective band remained present along the western
side of the system.[17]
Animated enhanced infrared satellite loop of Typhoon Haiyan from peak
intensity to landfall in the Philippines
At 20:40 UTC on November 7, Haiyan made landfall in Guiuan, Eastern Samar at
peak intensity.[18] The JTWC's unofficial estimate of one-minute sustained
winds of 305 km/h (190 mph) would, by that measure, make Haiyan the most
powerful storm ever recorded to strike land. This record was later broken by
Typhoon Goni in 2020.[19][20] Interaction with land caused a slight
degradation of the storm's structure, though it remained an exceptionally-
powerful storm when it struck Tolosa, Leyte around 23:00 UTC.[21] The typhoon
made four additional landfalls as it traversed the Visayas:[22] Daanbantayan,
Bantayan Island, Concepcion, and Busuanga Island.
Haiyan, with its core disrupted by land interaction with the Philippines,
emerged over the South China Sea late on November 8.[23] Environmental
conditions ahead of the storm soon became less favorable, as cool stable air
began wrapping into the western side of the storm's circulation.[24]
Continuing across the South China Sea, Haiyan turned more northwesterly late
on November 9 and through November 10, as it moved around the southwestern
edge of the subtropical ridge previously steering it westward.[25] Rapid
weakening ensued as Haiyan approached its final landfall in Vietnam,[26]
ultimately moving ashore in the country near Haiphong around 21:00 UTC, as a
severe tropical storm.[10] Once onshore, the storm quickly deteriorated and
was last noted as it dissipated over Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China,
on November 11.[10]
## Preparations[edit]
### Micronesia and Palau[edit]
Typhoon Haiyan near Palau on November 6
Upon JTWC's declaration of Tropical Depression 31W on November 3, a tropical
storm warning was issued for Chuuk Lagoon, Losap, and Poluwat in the Federated
States of Micronesia. Further west, Faraulep, Satawal, and Woleai, were placed
under a typhoon watch while Fananu and Ulul were placed under a tropical storm
watch.[27] The following day, the tropical storm warning expanded to include
Satawal while a typhoon warning was issued for Woleai.[28] Much of Yap State
and the islands of Koror and Kayangel in Palau were placed under a typhoon
watch.[29] The government issued a mandatory evacuation for Kayangel, and
although most residents ignored the warning, they all survived the storm.[16]
As Haiyan progressed westward, the easternmost advisories were gradually
discontinued.[29] As Haiyan intensified into a typhoon on November 5, warnings
were raised across Palau and Yap State.[30][31] Government offices in Melekeok
were used as an evacuation building for Palau.[32] Despite mandatory
evacuation orders, most residents on Kayangel remained on the island and rode
out the typhoon.[33]
### Philippines[edit]
PAGASA raised rainfall warning advisory in the Central and Eastern Visayas
during the passage of Haiyan (Yolanda).
Shortly before Haiyan entered the Philippine Area of Responsibility on
November 6, PAGASA raised Public Storm Warning Signal (PSWS) No.1, the lowest
of four levels, for much of the Visayas and Mindanao.[34] As the storm
continued to approach the country, warnings expanded into Luzon and increased
in severity for eastern areas.[35] By the evening of November 7, PSWS No. 4,
the highest level of warning which indicates winds in excess of 185 km/h (115
mph) are expected, was raised for Biliran Island, Eastern Samar, Leyte,
Northern Cebu, Metro Cebu, Samar, and Southern Leyte.[36][37] Through November
8, the coverage of PSWS No. 4 continued to expand, with areas in southern
Luzon being included.[38]
PSWS Map in the Philippines during the passage of Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda)
Officials placed police officers in the Bicol Region ahead of the storm.[39]
In the provinces of Samar and Leyte, classes were canceled, and residents in
flood- and landslide-prone areas were required to evacuate.[40] Some of the
storm-threatened areas were affected by an earlier earthquake in Bohol.[41]
Then-Philippine President Noynoy Aquino requested the military to deploy
planes and helicopters to the region expected to be affected.[42] As Haiyan
was moving very fast, PAGASA issued warnings at different levels to about 60
of the 80 provinces, including the capital Metro Manila.[43] On November 8,
the International Charter on Space and Major Disasters was activated,
providing widespread charitable satellite coverage to relief
organizations.[44]
### Southern China[edit]
The State Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters hoisted a level three
emergency response in the provinces of Hainan, Guangdong and Guangxi. All
fishing vessels were urged to return to ports by noon on November 9.[45] The
Hong Kong Observatory issued the Strong Monsoon Signal at 19:10 HKT on
November 9,[46] and it was still in place on November 13.[47]
### Vietnam[edit]
On November 8, Prime Minister Nguyễn Tấn Dũng activated the highest state of
preparedness in the country.[48] Approximately 600,000 people across southern
and central provinces were evacuated while a further 200,000 were evacuated in
northern provinces. Alerts were sent to 85,328 seagoing vessels, with a
collective crew of 385,372 people, to sail to safer waters away from the
storm. Requests were sent to China, Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Philippines
to aid any fishermen who needed immediate shelter from the typhoon.[49]
Threatening Vietnam after two other typhoons, Wutip and Nari, there were
concerns that the storm would cause significant damage to homes with makeshift
repairs.[50] Roughly 460,000 military personnel and other authorities were
mobilized to assist in evacuation efforts.[49] Hundreds of flights were
canceled across the country while schools were closed on November 11. On the
small island of Cồn Cỏ, all residents were moved to underground shelters with
enough supplies for several days.[51] The International Federation of Red
Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) branches in Vietnam prepared relief
stockpiles, consisting of food, water, housing material, and ₫6.6 billion
(US$310,000) in funds.[49] The local United Nations Resident Coordinator,
Pratibha Mehta, praised the government's actions and credited them with saving
numerous lives.[48] However, there were complaints from many residents that
the warnings came too late.[51]
## Impact[edit]
Fatalities by region Region Deaths Missing
Philippines 6,300 1,061
Vietnam 14 4
Mainland China[52] 30 6
Taiwan 8 0
Total 6,352 1,071
### Micronesia[edit]
As the storm brushed Eauripik, strong winds and heavy rain battered much of
Micronesia. In Eauripik, one canoe house and three residential properties were
damaged and banana and breadfruit trees were damaged. In Woleai, banana and
breadfruit trees were damaged. In Ifalik, minor inundation at coastal areas
and banana and breadfruit trees were damaged.[53]
### Palau[edit]
On Kayangel in Palau, a high storm surge damaged several houses,[32] while
strong winds downed trees.[16] Despite residents' refusal to evacuate, no
fatalities or major injuries took place on the island. Helicopters were flown
to the island to survey the damage and provide relief supplies. The government
planned to evacuate those who were left homeless from the island.[33] Koror,
Babeldaob and Kayangel each lost access to water and power.[16] In Koror,
winds reaching as high as 120 km/h (75 mph) blew out rooftops and downed trees
and power lines. A causeway linking an offshore hospital to the main island
was temporarily shut down after being inundated by water.[54] On the northern
end of Babeldaob, Haiyan damaged schools and buildings.[32] Lying closest to
Haiyan at the time of the typhoon's passage, Kayangel was flooded in its
entirety, and all homes were destroyed. Though no people were killed there, 69
others were displaced by the storm.[54]
### Philippines[edit]
Deadliest Philippine typhoons Rank Storm Season Fatalities Ref.
1 "Haiphong" 1881 20,000 [55]
2 Yolanda (Haiyan) 2013 6,300 [56]
3 Uring (Thelma) 1991 5,101–8,000 [57]
4 Pablo (Bopha) 2012 1,901 [57]
5 "Angela" 1867 1,800 [58]
6 Winnie 2004 1,593 [58]
7 "October 1897" 1897 1,500 [58][59]
8 Nitang (Ike) 1984 1,426 [60]
9 Reming (Durian) 2006 1,399 [58][57]
10 Frank (Fengshen) 2008 1,371 [nb 4][61][62]
PAGASA Cebu City weather radar reflectivity loop from November 8, 2013
Weather radar reflectivity loop of Haiyan's landfall on Leyte Island. Tacloban
City was struck by the northern eyewall, the most powerful part of the storm,
which obliterated much of the city.[63]
Typhoon Haiyan, called Yolanda in the Philippines, caused catastrophic damage
throughout much of the islands of Leyte, where cities and towns were largely
destroyed.[64] By April 17, 2016, the National Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Council (NDRRMC) confirmed 6,300 fatalities across the country,
5,902 of those taking place in the Eastern Visayas.[3] However, the true death
toll remains unclear.
In Surigao City, 281.9 mm (11.10 in) of rainfall was recorded, much of which
fell in under 12 hours.[65] Storm surges were also recorded in many places. In
the island of Leyte and Samar, PAGASA measured 5–6 m (16–20 ft) waves.[66] In
Tacloban, Leyte, the terminal building of Tacloban Airport was destroyed by a
5.2 m (17 ft) storm surge up to the height of the second story.[67] Along the
airport, a storm surge of 4 m (13 ft) was estimated.[68] Waves of 4.6 m (15
ft) were also estimated.[69] On the western coast of Samar, the storm surge
was not as significant.[70]
Haiyan's first landfall was at Guiuan in Eastern Samar, where the typhoon
touched down at 4:40 am.[71][72] Nearly all structures in the township
suffered at least partial damage, many of which were completely flattened.[73]
For several days following Haiyan's first landfall, the damage situation in
the fishing town remained unclear due to lack of communication in and out of
the area.[74] The damage could finally be assessed after Philippine Air Force
staff arrived in Guiuan on November 10.[75] Prior to this, a local priest was
able to take his motorbike from Guiuan to the cities of Catbalogan and
Calbayog (also in Samar) armed with photos of the devastation, shot on his
mobile phone.[76]
There was widespread devastation from the storm surge in Tacloban City
especially in San Jose, with many buildings being destroyed, trees knocked
over or broken, and cars piled up.[69] The low-lying areas on the eastern side
of Tacloban city were hardest hit, with some areas completely washed away.
Flooding also extended for 1 km (0.62 mi) inland on the east coast of the
province.[69] City administrator Tecson John Lim stated that roughly 90
percent of the city had been destroyed.[64] Journalists on the ground have
described the devastation as, "off the scale, and apocalyptic".[77] Most
families in Samar and Leyte lost some family members or relatives; families
came in from outlying provinces looking for relatives, especially children,
who may have been washed away.[78] The entire first floor of the Tacloban City
Convention Center, which was serving as an evacuation shelter, was submerged
by storm surge. Many residents in the building were caught off-guard by the
fast-rising waters and subsequently drowned or were injured in the
building.[79]
Although wind speeds were extreme, the major cause of damage and loss of life
appears to have been from the storm surge. The major focus of devastation
appears to have been on the east coast of Samar and Leyte, with a particular
focus on Tacloban, because of its location between Samar and Leyte, and the
large population in low-lying areas.[70] Philippine Department of the Interior
and Local Government (DILG) Secretary Mar Roxas said the scale of the relief
operation that was now required was overwhelming, with some places described
as a wasteland of mud and debris.[80]
Costliest Philippine typhoons Rank Storm Season Damage Ref.
PHP USD
1 Yolanda (Haiyan) 2013 ₱95.5 billion $2.2 billion [81]
2 Odette (Rai) 2021 ₱51.8 billion $1.02 billion [82]
3 Pablo (Bopha) 2012 ₱43.2 billion $1.06 billion [83]
4 Glenda (Rammasun) 2014 ₱38.6 billion $771 million [84]
5 Ompong (Mangkhut) 2018 ₱33.9 billion $627 million [85]
6 Pepeng (Parma) 2009 ₱27.3 billion $581 million [86]
7 Ulysses (Vamco) 2020 ₱20.2 billion $418 million [87]
8 Rolly (Goni) 2020 ₱20 billion $369 million [88]
9 Pedring (Nesat) 2011 ₱15.6 billion $356 million [83]
10 Lando (Koppu) 2015 ₱14.4 billion $313 million [89]
Sebastian Rhodes Stampa, head of a UN disaster assessment coordination team,
said there was "destruction on a massive scale" in Tacloban. "There are cars
thrown like tumbleweeds and the streets are strewn with debris. The last time
I saw something of this scale was in the aftermath of the [2004] Indian Ocean
tsunami."[69] There was little communication in the city and no mobile phone
coverage. Up the east coast of Leyte, there were numerous towns and villages
that were completely cut off without any assistance. Large parts of Leyte and
Samar were without power for weeks.[77]
The storm crossed the Visayas region for almost a day, causing widespread
flooding. In Cebu and Bohol, struck by a magnitude 7.2 earthquake two weeks
before, cities were also severely devastated.[90] During the morning of
November 8, media stations across the country were able to broadcast live the
destruction of Haiyan. However, before the afternoon, all communications on
the Visayas region failed. The Presidential Communications Department of
President Benigno Aquino III had difficulty contacting DILG Secretary Mar
Roxas and Defense Secretary Voltaire Gazmin in Tacloban City to plan
relief.[91] Widespread power interruptions, landslides, and flash floods were
also reported. Major roads were blocked by trees, and impassable. 453 domestic
and international airline flights were canceled. Some airports were also
closed on November 8 and 9. Ferries were affected. Relief and rescue efforts
were underway by November 9, but some places remained isolated and out of
communication due to severe damage.[92]
Haiyan tossed up large car-sized boulders, the heaviest of them weighing 180
tons, onto Calicoan Island in Eastern Samar, of which a few were carried
uphill 10 m (33 ft). This is considered the biggest weight ever moved during a
tropical cyclone since record-keeping began.[93] NDRRMC finally confirmed a
total of 6,300 deaths in the Philippines, and total damages were estimated at
PH₱95.48 billion (US$2.2 billion).[3]
### Taiwan[edit]
Along the coast of Gongliao District, New Taipei, 16 people were swept out to
sea by three 8 m (26 ft) waves. After several hours of search and rescue,
eight were hospitalized while the other eight drowned. This was considered the
largest loss of life from waves in Taiwan in several years.[94] In May 2014,
the Taiwan Keelung District Prosecutors Office [zh] confirmed that Typhoon
Haiyan is responsible for the 8 deaths.[95] Agricultural damage in Tainan were
amounted to NT$400–500 million (US$13.5–16.9 million).[96]
### Hong Kong[edit]
One person also went missing off the coast of Lantau Island, Hong Kong.[97]
### Southern China[edit]
Typhoon Haiyan reached Hainan Province, where severe damage took place and six
people were killed in various incidents.[98] The hardest hit area was
Qionghai, where roughly 3,500 people across 20 villages were isolated due to
extensive flooding.[99]
30 people were killed, while direct economic losses in China amounted to ¥4.58
billion (US$752 million).[52] An estimated 1.21 million people were affected,
of whom 26,300 were evacuated. Two people died while four others went missing
after a car fell off a flooded road into a river near Beihai, Guangxi.[100]
Losses throughout Guangxi amounted to ¥275 million (US$45.2 million).[98][101]
Approximately 900 homes and 25,500 hectares of crops were destroyed, while
8,500 homes were damaged. Additionally, an estimated 3 million people were
affected by the storm throughout Southern China.[102] A cargo ship broke
moorings at Sanya, Hainan on November 8;[103] three members of the crew
drowned while four others went missing.[101]
### Vietnam[edit]
Haiyan produced high winds and widespread heavy rainfall which affected
northern Vietnam.[104] Rainfall totals of up to 461 mm (18.1 in) and wind
gusts of up to 147 km/h (91 mph) were recorded.[104] Ten people were killed
while they were preparing for Haiyan's landfall, while no one was killed after
the system made landfall; however, 4 people are missing in Quảng Ninh
Province.[104] In all, Haiyan killed 18 people, and left two missing with 93
others being injured.[105] Economic losses in Vietnam were amounted to ₫669
billion (US$31.67 million).[106]
## Aftermath and retirement[edit]
Deadliest Pacific typhoons Rank Typhoon Season Fatalities Ref.
1 Nina 1975 229,000 [107]
2 July 1780 Typhoon 1780 100,000 [108]
3 July 1862 Typhoon 1862 80,000 [109]
4 "Shantou" 1922 60,000 [107]
5 "China" 1912 50,000 [107]
6 "Haiphong" 1881 23,000 [110][111][112]
7 "Hong Kong" 1937 10,000 [107]
8 Joan 1964 7,000 [113]
9 Haiyan 2013 6,352 [114]
10 Vera 1959 >5,000 [107]
Main article: List of tropical cyclone records
Due to the catastrophic loss of life caused by the storm, the name Haiyan was
retired from its naming lists during the 2014 annual session the ESCAP/WMO
Typhoon Committee, and was therefore replaced by the name Bailu.[115] The name
was first used in the 2019 season. PAGASA also announced that the name Yolanda
would be stricken off the typhoon naming lists.[116][117] PAGASA chose the
name Yasmin to replace Yolanda for the 2017 season.
### Philippines[edit]
Animated satellite comparison of power outages across the Visayas following
Typhoon Haiyan
Map of damaged houses by municipality showing track of storm, from the United
Nations, as of November 18, 2013
An aerial view of Guiuan, the town where the typhoon made its first landfall
Destruction in Basey, Samar after the typhoon passed over the town
By November 11, the provinces of Aklan, Capiz, Cebu, Iloilo, Leyte, Palawan,
and Samar were placed under a state of national calamity, allowing the
government to use state funds for relief and rehabilitation and to control
prices of basic goods.[118] Additionally, approximately ₱30.6 million
(US$700,000) had been allocated in relief assistance by the NDRRMC. Local and
national agencies deployed a collective 18,177 personnel, 844 vehicles, 44
seagoing vessels, and 31 aircraft for various operations.[3] CBCP also
declared 8 days of mourning for victims of the typhoon on the same
date.[119][120]
World Health Organization Representative in the Philippines Dr. Julie Hall
noted that while many survivors requiring medical attention in the first week
suffer from trauma and fractures, the concern shifts toward chronic conditions
as the weeks pass. The WHO coordinated the massive international response to
help the Philippine government meet the acute need for healthcare services in
the affected areas.[121]
Extreme damage to infrastructure throughout the region posed logistical
problems that greatly slowed relief efforts. Though aid was flown into local
airports, most of it remained there as roads remained closed.[122] According
to estimates on November 13, only 20 percent of the affected population in
Tacloban City was receiving aid. With a lack of access to clean water, some
residents dug up water pipes and boiled water from there in order to survive.
Thousands of people sought to evacuate the city via C-130 cargo planes,
however, the slow process fueled further aggravation. Reports of escaped
prisoners raping women in the city prompted a further urgency to evacuate. One
resident was quoted as saying "Tacloban is a dead city."[64] Due to the lack
of electricity, planes could only operate during the daylight, further slowing
the evacuations. At dawn on November 12, thousands of people broke through
fences and rushed towards planes only to be forced back by police and military
personnel. A similar incident occurred later that day as a U.S. cargo plane
was landing.[123]
On November 14, a correspondent from the BBC reported Tacloban to be a "war
zone", although the situation soon stabilized when the presence of government
law enforcement was increased. Safety concerns prompted several relief
agencies to back out of the operation, and some United Nations staff were
pulled out for safety reasons. A message circulating among the agencies urged
them to not go into Tacloban for this reason.[124] On the west coast of Leyte
Island, residents in Ormoc were fearing that the focus on Tacloban City would
leave them without aid. Though not as hard hit, roughly 90 percent of the city
was damaged or destroyed and supplies were running low. Hospitals in the city
were either shut down or working at partial capacity, leaving many of the
nearly 2,000 injured in the city without medical assistance. In nearby Baybay,
lack of assistance fueled anger and incited looting for survival.[125]
In the coastal community Guiuan, which took the full brunt of the typhoon,
Mayor Christopher Gonzalez is credited with saving countless lives after he
incessantly urged residents to evacuate. He referred to the storm as "delubyo
(deluge)", which roughly translates to Armageddon. Of the town's 45,000
residents, 87 died, 931 were injured, and 23 others were listed as missing.
U.S. Navy Capt. Russell Hays, a medical officer, estimated that a storm of
Haiyan's caliber could have killed as many as 4,500 in Guiuan alone had it not
been for the mayor's efforts.[126]
On November 18, the government of the Philippines launched an online portal,
called the Foreign Aid Transparency Hub (FaiTH), that provides the public a
transparency view of the funds and other aids received by the government from
the international community.[127][128]
To lead the management and rehabilitation efforts of the central provinces in
the Philippines affected by Typhoon Haiyan, Philippines President Benigno
Aquino III appointed Panfilo Lacson as Typhoon Haiyan Rehabilitation
Czar.[129]
#### Environmental impact[edit]
Devastated coconut trees in Guiuan
Typhoon Haiyan knocked over Power Barge 103 of NAPOCOR in Estancia, Iloilo
causing an oil spill.[130][131][132][133] As a result of the typhoon, the
government is planning to replant mangroves in coastal areas while preserving
the remaining ones.[134] Affected residents were allowed to return to their
homes by the Department of Health on December 7, 2013, after an air quality
test found out that benzene levels in affected areas reached near-zero parts
per million. Earlier, residents were asked to evacuate affected areas as the
benzene levels had reached unhealthy amounts.[135]
#### Looting and violence[edit]
The remains of a home destroyed by the storm in Tacloban City
Throughout Tacloban City, widespread looting took place in the days following
Haiyan's passage. In some instances, relief trucks were attacked and had food
stolen in the city. Two of the city's malls and numerous grocery stores were
subjected to looting. A fuel depot in the city was guarded by armed police
while 200 additional officers were dispatched to assist.[136] Security
checkpoints had since been set up all over Tacloban and a curfew was imposed
on residents to prevent more attacks.[137] Philippine military forces also
prevented members of the New People's Army from ambushing a relief convoy
bound for Samar in Matnog, Sorsogon, killing two.[138] President Benigno
Aquino III considered declaring martial law in hopes of restoring order in
affected areas.[139][140]
Looting intensified as slow recovery efforts forced residents to seek any
means necessary to survive. Tacloban city administrator Tecson John Lim
stated, "The looting is not criminality. It is self-preservation." The Chicago
Tribune reported that some areas were on the brink of anarchy, though Interior
Secretary Mar Roxas denied such claims.[64] Further complicating efforts to
retain order was the lack of officers reporting for work. In Tacloban, only
100 of the city's 1,300 police personnel reported for duty.[123] In
Alangalang, just west of Tacloban, eight people were crushed to death after
the walls of a warehouse collapsed during a raid on a government rice
stockpile. Approximately 33,000 bags of rice, each weighing 50 kg (110 lb),
were stolen. Warehouses were also raided in Jaro and Palo. Throughout the city
of Tacloban itself, people began looting from homes as stores had been
completely emptied.[64]
#### Criticism of government response[edit]
Color coded map of Eastern Visayas showing the number of deaths caused by
Typhoon Haiyan.
More than 1,000
500-999
100-499
50-99
25-49
1-24
0
Condemnations of slow government action in the relief effort in response to
the typhoon mounted days after the storm had passed. Media reports criticized
the Aquino administration for apparent lack of preparation and coordination
among government agencies in the aid operation.[141][142] Up until November
12, five days after the typhoon struck, survivors continued to struggle with
basic necessities such as food, water, and shelter while remote towns in Leyte
and Samar were yet to be reached by aid.[143] The Philippine government
responded by saying that they have dealt with the tragedy "quite well" but the
response had been slow due to the breakdown of the local governance in
affected areas where officials and employees, who were usually the first to
respond in these events, were victims of the typhoon themselves.[144] Cabinet
Secretary Jose Rene Almendras said that the national government had to take
over despite logistical challenges and assured it is working toward providing
aid the quickest way possible to the survivors.[145] The national Government
was also criticized for putting the responsibility of handling the dead to the
Bureau of Fire instead to the Department of Health. Dr. Racquel Fortun, one of
the forensic experts to go to the area three days after the typhoon insisted
that handling of the bodies is a health matter and therefore a responsibility
of DOH.[146]
One of the biggest controversies of Typhoon Haiyan is probably the number of
victims or the body count. According to the Philippine government sources, the
number of those killed during the typhoon ranges from 4,000 to 6,000
individuals while some sources claim that the body count reaches up to
15,000.[147][148][149]
In 2018, coinciding the fifth year mark of the disaster, the survivors again
protested against the government's slow response on rehabilitation efforts,
displaying the caricature of President Rodrigo Duterte, who was the Mayor of
Davao City at the time of the disaster.[150] However, in November 2018, the
National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA) confirmed that the budget
is under the 2016 "Yolanda" Recovery & Reconstruction Program that "remained
untapped & were not released" until the expiration of the validity of the
funds last December 31, 2017, during President Duterte's second year in
office.[151]
#### Humanitarian crisis and population displacement[edit]
The Philippines faced a humanitarian crisis days after the typhoon hit much of
the Visayas with 1.8 million homeless and more than 6,000,000 displaced.[152]
In Tacloban alone, ninety percent of the structures are either destroyed or
damaged while other cities, such as Ormoc, are reporting similar damage.[153]
The United Nations fear that the possibility of the spread of disease is high
due to the lack of food, water, shelter, and medication. Casualties have been
reported as a result of the lack of aid in affected areas and the number of
dead is likely to rise.[154]
As a result of the damage in Tacloban and much of Leyte, thousands of people
who once lived in the area left and made their way into less affected areas
such as Cebu and Manila.[155] Catbalogan reported that their population more
than doubled after the typhoon with the influx of refugees into the city.[156]
Around 20,000 people have fled to Manila as a result of the storm.[157]
Typhoon Haiyan has been acknowledged as a sort of "trauma milestone" for
mental health awareness in the Philippines – where Filipinos had previously
seen counseling as an admission of weakness, it began to be acknowledged as "a
sign of how extraordinary the circumstances are."[158]
#### International response[edit]
Main article: Humanitarian response to Typhoon Haiyan
Summary of international relief efforts in the Philippines following Typhoon
Haiyan Country Cash donation
(in US dollars) Humanitarian aid and supplies Other aid Source
Australia $70 million Emergency and humanitarian supplies. Royal Australian
Air Force and Royal Australian Navy's HMAS Tobruk deployed with Australian
Medical Assistance Team and supplies. [159][160]
[161]
Bahrain 90 tons of relief supplies. [162]
Bangladesh $1 million [163]
Belgium $677,000 Humanitarian aid. Field hospital, water purification
system, 5 medical doctors, 13 nurses, and 10 logistic personnel. [164]
Brunei Humanitarian aid and relief supplies. Emergency team deployed.
Aircraft from the Royal Brunei Air Force deployed with supplies. [165]
Canada $40 million Humanitarian aid;
water purification units;
infrastructure repair teams;
medical units Three hundred members of the Canadian military Disaster
Assistance Response Team (DART) and their equipment are sent, along with three
additional Griffon helicopters. Canadian Medical Assistance Team deployed
several mobile primary medical teams, to assist under-serviced rural and
remote communities in northern Cebu, and western and central Leyte.
GlobalMedic, a Toronto-based NGO has three teams of rescuers and medics
dispatched to the disaster zone along with large quantities of water
purification supplies and equipment. [166][167]
[168][169]
[170][171]
Chile Humanitarian aid. [172]
China $1.4 million Deployed the naval hospital ship, Peace Ark. [173][174]
Denmark $7.8 million Humanitarian aid. Provided UN with the emergency
response base camp and infrastructure to facilitate the rapid humanitarian
relief efforts. [175][176]
Finland $2.2 million Three disaster relief experts sent to Tacloban [177]
France $1.4 million Sent 70 tons of relief supplies and a team of 61 persons
from the Sécurité Civile, to restore electricity and water supplies, and
others. [178]
Germany 23 tons of aid. Rescue teams sent. [179]
Holy See $150,000 [180]
Hong Kong Call to postpone economic sanctions. $5.16 million given to
international charities. [181][182]
[183]
Iceland $100,000 [184]
India 15 tonnes of relief supplies. [185]
Indonesia $1 million Humanitarian aid of goods and logistics worth $1
million. Indonesian Red Cross sent 688,862 tonnes emergency supplies. Three
Indonesian Air Force Hercules aircraft deployed with supplies to affected
areas. Logistical aid including aircraft, food, generators and medicine. The
Indonesian Red Cross deployed KM Emir cargo ship loaded with emergency
supplies and also 30 Indonesian Red Cross volunteers. [186][187]
[188][189]
Ireland $1.36 million 100 tonnes of emergency supplies. [190]
Israel Sent members of the Israeli Foreign Ministry and the Israeli Defense
Forces' Home Command. [191]
Italy $1.36 million [192]
Japan $52 million Humanitarian aid. Deployed the JDS Ise (DDH-182) and JDS
Ōsumi (LST-4001) and Boeing KC-767 and C-130J Hercules along with 1,180
members of the Japanese Self-Defense Forces.The Japan Disaster Relief team was
also deployed. [193][194]
[195][196]
[197]
Kuwait $10 million [198]
Malaysia $1 million Essential relief supplies and humanitarian aid. Malaysian
Filipino community collected supplies to be sent. Aircraft from the Royal
Malaysian Air Force deployed with supplies. The Malaysian disaster relief team
was also deployed. [199][200]
[201][202]
[203]
Mexico $1 million [204]
Netherlands $49 million [citation needed]
New Zealand $1.22 million 30 tonnes of food and medical supplies.
[205][206]
Norway $41.6 million 100 tonnes of food and 70 tonnes of communication
equipment. In addition to the aid provided by the Norwegian government,
Norwegians supported various aid agencies, such as the Norwegian Red Cross and
the Norwegian branch of Save the Children, with donations through texting
reaching 30 million NOK (US$4.9 million). On October 24, a relief concert with
various Norwegian artists was held in Norway for the victims of the typhoon in
the Philippines. During the 70-minute TV broadcast, Norwegians donated another
24.7 million NOK (US$4 million). [207][208]
[209][210]
[211][212]
[213][214]
Panama 200,000 worth of humanitarian aid. [citation needed]
Qatar 80 tonnes of relief supplies. [215]
Russia Over 200 personnel from the Ministry of Emergency Situations deployed
for medical and relief efforts, alongside one of their largest plane used as
supply plane. [216][217]
Saudi Arabia $10 million Relief supplies. Saudi Prince Talal bin Abdul Aziz
pledged $100,000 in behalf of the Arab Gulf Program for Development (AGFUND).
[218][219]
[220]
Singapore $276,000 Humanitarian aid. Aircraft from the Republic of Singapore
Air Force deployed with supplies. [221][222]
South Africa Rescue South Africa Disaster Response Team sent. The 50 man
trauma/rescue team treated patients and repaired the Abuyog District Hospital.
[223]
South Korea $25 million Humanitarian aid including Humanitarian teams and
Relief goods(family tents, water purifiers, beef fried rice, blankets, and
sanitation kits) turned over to DSWD. Deployed Emergency relief team (two
batches of medical and rescue personnel, 17-man survey team). Pledged USD 5M
worth of assistance and US$20M ODA for construction and rehabilitation from
2014 to 2016. Deployed 2 C-130 planes, Bi Ro Bong LST and Sung In Bong LST for
humanitarian transport along with 520 members of the Republic of Korea Army.
[224]
[225][226][227][228]
Spain $1.8 million The Spanish government also chartered two flights that
brought 35 tons of humanitarian aid to the disaster area. [229]
Sweden $1.5 million The Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency (MSB) sent tents,
telecommunications equipment and other supplies [230]
Switzerland $5.4 million 21 tons of Emergency Assistance. Members of Swiss
Humanitarian Aid Unit sent. [231]
Taiwan $200,000 680 tons of relief supplies. Estimated total amount of
donated relief materials and money reached US$12.3 million as of mid-December.
Taiwan, by Navy and Air Force, is the first country delivering relief supplies
to Philippines.[232] A 35-person team organized by the Taiwan Root Medical
Peace Corps arrived in the affected areas to provide free medical assistance.
Aircraft from the Republic of China Air Force and Republic of China Navy
vessel deployed with supplies.
[233][234]
Thailand Humanitarian aid. [235]
Turkey Humanitarian supplies. [236]
United Arab Emirates $10 million [237]
United Kingdom $131 million Deployed HMS Daring and HMS Illustrious and
Royal Air Force C-130J – stationed in Cebu delivering over 235,000 of aid –
and Royal Air Force Boeing C-17 Globemaster III for Humanitarian Aid and
Relief (HADR) efforts. [238][239]
[240]
United States $86.7 million Deployed the USS George Washington (CVN-73) and
her embarked carrier strike group, along with the 31st Marine Expeditionary
Unit, embarked aboard the USS Ashland and USS Germantown, of Amphibious
Squadron 11. At its peak, the U.S. military efforts included more than 13,400
military personnel from the US Marine Corps, US Navy and US Air Force. 66
aircraft were involved in the mission including the fixed-wing C17
Globemaster, C-130 Hercules and MV-22 Osprey of the 3rd Marine Expeditionary
Brigade, as well as MH-60 Seahawk helicopters. 12 U.S. Navy vessels responded
in all. The US also deployed the United States Agency for International
Development and Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance crisis response teams to
oversee military operations, and coordinate the US government response with
the government of the Philippines. [241][242]
[243][244][245][246]
Vietnam $100,000 [247][248]
#### Supranational bodies[edit]
Debris littering the streets of Tacloban City on November 14, nearly a week
after the storm struck
Devastation in the town of Basey, Samar, where more than 300 individuals
perished due to storm surge
The United Nations said it was going to increase critical relief operations as
a result of the devastation caused by the typhoon. Its Manila office issued a
statement that read, "Access remains a key challenge as some areas are still
cut off from relief operations. Unknown numbers of survivors do not have basic
necessities such as food, water, and medicines and remain inaccessible for
relief operations, as roads, airports, and bridges were destroyed or covered
in wreckage."[249] The United Nations also began relief operations by this
time; however, the severe damage to infrastructure hampered efforts to
distribute supplies.[136] The UN activated the Cluster System, in which groups
of humanitarian organizations (UN and non-UN) work to restore health, shelter,
nutrition and economic activity.[250]
The World Health Organization, which leads the Health Cluster, the largest
one, has developed guidance on donations of medicine and healthcare equipment
so that the Philippines receives supplies appropriate for this emergency.
According to WHO, many people suffered cuts, wounds, and broken bones during
the disaster and others were injured in flooding that followed the
typhoon.[251] Interpol announced that they would send in Interpol officers
from Lyon to help local law enforcement identify any of the corpses that are
unidentified.[252]
The World Health Organization has spearheaded initiatives among help workers,
especially from the Department of Health (Philippines), in extending
Psychological First Aid to people in typhoon-affected areas. WHO
Representative in the country Dr Julie Hall foresees long-lasting effects from
the typhoon. She calls for increased preparedness to give support to families
and communities for the long-term, citing the need for more trained field
workers.[253]
#### Celebrities, companies, and NGOs[edit]
American band Journey donated $350,000 to help relief efforts in the
Philippines, and its lead singer had a message for his homeland: "Don't Stop
Believin'". Arnel Pineda (the band's Filipino vocalist) and the rest of the
band announced the donation on November 15, 2013. It will go to the United
Nations World Food Programme, which is providing Filipinos with food
assistance. The donation should provide 1.4 million meals.[254] IKEA, Walmart,
Samsung, and HSBC are among those taking advantage of the event to donate to
those in need.[255][256] Northwestern Mutual announced they will donate
$100,000 to the American Red Cross.[257] The Coca-Cola Company says they have
donated $2.5 million of their advertising budget to the relief efforts as of
November 25.[258] By mid-December, FIFA donated $1 million.[259] DHL deployed
its Asia Pacific Disaster Response Team to the disaster areas to provide on-
the-ground logistics support to assist with the relief effort in the aftermath
of the devastating Typhoon Haiyan. Three rotating teams made up of volunteer
employees from the Asia Pacific region were based at the Mactan Cebu Airport
on Cebu island, providing support and assistance to the country's most
affected areas west of Leyte Island, including Guiuan, Roxas, and Tacloban
city.[260] Many smaller initiatives were founded as well – e.g. to prepare by
donating to children a typhoon-ready backpack as a floating device.[261]
U.S. Marines assisting in the Philippine disaster relief
Sixteen-time NBA Champions Los Angeles Lakers donated $150,000[262] to the
Philippine Red Cross to aid the typhoon-affected victims. During their home
game against the Memphis Grizzlies, Kobe Bryant handed the check to the Junior
NBA players representing the Philippines. His teammate, Pau Gasol, pledged to
donate $1,000 per point to UNICEF[263] with the directive to help victims of
Super Typhoon Haiyan in the country as well. He scored 24 points in a won game
against the Golden State Warriors. Major League Baseball donated $200,000 to
UNICEF and the American Red Cross, with Commissioner Bud Selig encouraging
fans to donate to the organizations.[264] UNICEF delivered portable toilets
and hygiene supplies to the region and also appealed for $34 million to help
the four million children affected.[265] The American Red Cross announced that
they collected $11 million in donations for the Philippines Relief Fund.[266]
Mercy Corps dispatched an "emergency response" team to help with humanitarian
efforts.[267] MAP International launched medical relief efforts providing over
$10 million in medicines and supplies to the Philippines.
Among the NGO responses, among the most comprehensive disaster response came
from the Taiwan-based "Buddhist Tzu Chi Foundation". Archived from the
original on November 29, 2014., which organized a large-scale cash-for-work
program in Tacloban from Nov 20 to Dec 8 with up to 31,000 participants per
day, totaling nearly 300,000-day shifts. This operation not only helped clean
out the thousands of tons of debris covering the city, but also kick-started
the local economy. Tzu Chi also contributed emergency cash aid of 8000, 12000
or 15000 pesos depending on family size for over 60,000 families in the
affected areas of Tacloban, Ormoc, Palo, Tanauan and Tunga, and has been
providing free clinics, hot meals, and temporary classrooms for over 15
schools in the area. Doctors Without Borders is sending 200 tons of
aid.[247][268] The International Society for Krishna Consciousness's Food For
Life Global, the world's largest vegan food relief organisation, raised money
and provided vegan meals in the Philippines to Typhoon Haiyan
survivors.[269][270] Other NGOs run by faith-based organisations that raised
money and/or aided in the disaster relief efforts of Typhoon Haiyan included
Catholic Relief Services,[271] Catholic Medical Mission Board (CMMB),[271]
Adventist Development and Relief Agency (ADRA),[271] LDS Philanthropies,[272]
American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee (AJJDC),[271] Samaritan's
Purse,[271] Salvation Army,[271] Christian Children's Fund of Canada,[271] MAP
International and World Vision.[271] International Responders for Emergencies
and Disasters endured the storm and despite losing equipment and personnel,
they contributed to over $100,000 in aid and supplied rescuer workers for 3
months.[273]
The Iglesia ni Cristo (INC), the largest indigenous Christian church based in
the Philippines held series of massive relief distributions and medical and
dental missions to affected population of the storm to different parts of
Visayas.[274] The humanitarian mission was done under the "Lingap sa
Mamamayan" (Aid for Humanity) project in cooperation with the Felix Y. Manalo
(FYM) Foundation Inc., the INC's charitable arm.[275][276] The church
conducted the largest walk for a cause in the world (walkathon) on February
15, 2014, dubbed as 'Iglesia ni Cristo World Wide Walk for Those Affected by
Typhoon Yolanda/Haiyan'.[277][278] The walk for a cause raised millions of
money to help the victims of the super typhoon for the construction of their
houses and shelters. The aim of the activity is to make the world understand
that Haiyan survivors are still in dire need of help and financial assistance.
Indeed, the worldwide walk caught the attention of the world when it broke two
Guinness world records as the largest charity walk in a single venue (Manila,
Philippines) with 175,000 participants, and largest charity walk in 24 hours
for multiple venues (from Christchurch, New Zealand to Hawaii, USA) in 13 time
zones, 54 countries, 24 hours with 519, 521 participants.[279][280]
Celebrities such as David and Victoria Beckham,[281] Stephen Colbert,[282] Kim
Kardashian,[citation needed] David Guetta,[283] and The X Factor contributed
to the fundraising.[284] On November 26, iTunes released a compilation album
entitled Songs for the Philippines featuring different artists, including Katy
Perry, Madonna, Bob Dylan, and The Beatles.[285] All proceeds will go to the
Philippine Red Cross.[285] OneRepublic donated $100,000 on November 30,
2013.[286] Other celebrities that offered their support included Linkin Park,
The Offspring,[287] Alicia Keys,[288] and Justin Bieber.[289] To promote 20th
Century Fox's upcoming film The Secret Life of Walter Mitty, the studio hired
YouTube personality & filmmaker Casey Neistat to make a promotional video
based on the theme, "live your dreams", but Neistat suggested instead to spend
the budget on bringing disaster relief to the Philippines. Fox agreed and gave
him a budget of $25,000 to fund his relief plans, and personally visited
Tacloban to aid donation efforts there.[290][291]
On the day of his death, actor Paul Walker attended a charity event for his
organization, Reach Out Worldwide, for the victims of the typhoon that was
held right before his accident.[292]
On March 11, 2014, a benefit concert called The Pinoy Relief Benefit Concert
was held at Madison Square Garden in New York, City. Jennifer Hudson,
Pentatonix, A Great Big World, Plain White T's, Jessica Sanchez, Charice, and
REO Brothers performed. Special guests also included Dr. Oz, Dante Basco,
Bobby Lopez, Kristen Anderson-Lopez and Apl.de.ap. 100% of proceeds raised
directly went to the Typhoon Haiyan survivors.[293] Pinoy Relief was created
to help survivors and focus on three specific areas: restoring livelihoods,
building classrooms and providing shelter in partnership with local NGOs,
Habitat for Humanity Philippines and Operation Blessing Philippines.[294]
On March 13, 2016, former United States of America vice president Al Gore,
visited Tacloban and delivered his speech in front of the survivors of Haiyan.
He also visited the MV Eva Jocelyn, a cargo ship forced inland during the
typhoon and now converted into a memorial park.[295]
##### Politics involving aid relief[edit]
First UK-funded humanitarian flight arrives at Mactan–Cebu International
Airport.
The island of Binuluanguan overflown by a helicopter from HMS Daring
The aid contributions of China and the United States were given focus with
regards to their involvement in the politics of the Philippines.[296] Apart
from having the two largest economies in the world, both countries are
involved in a complex relationship with the island country. China is currently
disputing the Spratly Islands in the South China Sea with the Philippines
while the United States used to be an occupying power and currently has a
mutual defense treaty with the islands.[297] American news media initially
criticized China for its contribution of US$100,000 cash each from the
government and the Chinese Red Cross to the typhoon victims, which led to
commentary about its disputes with the Philippines.[298] Earlier in 2013, the
Philippines sued China over the nine-dotted line. Western commentators
attribute this low amount to China's intentions to isolate the Philippines
while strengthening its ties with the rest of Southeast Asia.[299] The move
had mixed reactions from the public of China with some commending its decision
while others, such as The Global Times, insisted that China should be a
responsible power. China later increased its contributions by US$1.64 million
in supplies[173][300] and sent its naval hospital ship Peace Ark for disaster
relief."[174]
The United States gave the Philippines an amount of US$51.9 million worth of
aid and deployed the United States Marines, United States Navy and United
States Air Force in order to assist with the humanitarian operations.[301] The
Philippine government had been discussing with the U.S. plans regarding the
deployment of U.S. military troops within the country.[302] This was part of
the "Asia pivot" that the United States government had previously announced, a
foreign policy strategy widely viewed as a plan to contain China, encircle it
militarily, and prevent it from competing with American political influence in
the region; the calculated giving of humanitarian aid is a tool which the
United States uses to achieve its geopolitical aims.[303]
##### Aid projects[edit]
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In November 2013, the island of the Philippines was struck by one of the
strongest tropical cyclones recorded in history, the Haiyan. More than 6000
people died and it devastated towns as homes, schools, and hospitals were in
ruins. Many vital infrastructures were destroyed by this cyclone, including
the water and power systems. As each water pump costs US$4000 and a generator
and piping system costs almost US$20,000, the local government of the
Philippines is struggling to pay for recovery. Two years after this event, to
help locals have access to clean water, an initiative called the Tolosa Water
Systems was started by the MBA students from the National University of
Singapore. This project is in works with a non-profit organization SIBAT and
supported by a $44,000 grant awarded by Total S.A., an energy company. This
project will promote the use of technology to address energy and water access
issues. It will create a complete water distribution system that runs pipes to
each household. It is sustainable and effective for areas like Tolosa, where
infrastructure is still in ruins because this system runs and relies on two
natural resources: sun and sand to provide clean water. This water system will
install seven biosand filtration and five solar-powered water pumps that will
remove pathogens, solids and unwanted color, odor, and taste from the local
drinking water. The solar-powered water pumps were designed to take advantage
of Tolosa's daily 11 hours of sunlight. The new system will produce 5000 to
10,000 gallons of water daily and the cost of each system costs approximately
US$15,000 to US$20,000. Though it is at an expense, importantly, this biosand
and solar system do not substantially recur costs. Having access to clean
water is a fundamental right, and a crucial factor for developing countries to
develop and succeed. The students behind this project plan to spread their
work in other parts of the Philippines.
### Vietnam[edit]
Following Typhoon Haiyan's landfall in Vietnam, widespread search and rescue
missions took place in the affected provinces. Damage assessments were also
conducted in 13 provinces to determine what aid was needed. The IFRC began
distribution of relief supplies and assisted residents in returning home by
November 12. Operations regarding the aftermath of Typhoon Wutip were
temporarily suspended due to Haiyan.[49]
### Climate change[edit]
Political leaders and climate scientists connected the typhoon to climate
change, both at the time and subsequently[304] and led to calls for climate
justice.[305] The 2013 United Nations Climate Change Conference was
coincidentally in progress when the typhoon struck and Yeb Saño, the lead
negotiator of the Philippines delegation, received a standing ovation at the
conference when he declared a hunger strike.
> In solidarity with my countrymen who are struggling to find food back home,
> I will now commence a voluntary fasting for the climate; this means I will
> voluntarily refrain from eating food during this COP, until a meaningful
> outcome is in sight.
> — Yeb Saño[306]
Several delegates, including American delegate Collin Reese, joined him in
fasting. Sixty people from Climate Action Network, an umbrella group of
environmental non-governmental organisations, also joined the hunger
strike.[307]
The correlation between the increasing intensity of storms and the progression
of climate change was discussed by climate scientists. "Typhoons, hurricanes
and all tropical storms draw their vast energy from the warmth of the sea. We
know sea-surface temperatures are warming pretty much around the planet, so
that's a pretty direct influence of climate change on the nature of the
storm", said Will Steffen, director of the Australian National University
climate change institute.[308] Myles Allen, head of the climate dynamics group
at the University of Oxford, said that "The current consensus is that climate
change is not making the risk of hurricanes any greater, but there are
physical arguments and evidence that there is a risk of more intense
hurricanes."[308] The Huffington Post made the point that the 70%
deforestation of the Philippines since 1900, as reported by the national
Forest Management Bureau, made far more lethal flooding from cyclones like
Haiyan more likely.[309] The IPCC Fifth Assessment Report had stated in
September of the same year that "Time series of cyclone indices such as power
dissipation, an aggregate compound of tropical cyclone frequency, duration,
and intensity that measures total wind energy by tropical cyclones, show
upward trends in the North Atlantic and weaker upward trends in the western
North Pacific since the late 1970s."[308]
## In popular media[edit]
A detailed analysis of Typhoon Haiyan and its destruction in the Philippines
was featured in a documentary called Megastorm: World's Biggest Typhoon. It
aired on December 30, 2013, on Discovery Channel.[310]
The 2014 documentary Six Hours: Surviving Typhoon Yolanda, produced by Big
Monster Entertainment and distributed by GRB Entertainment, also features the
eyewitness account of the typhoon by GMA News reporter (now Agripreneur host)
Jiggy Manicad. The documentary also give permission to Marnie Manicad
Productions Inc.[311][312]
An episode of the PBS science documentary television program Nova titled
"Killer Typhoon", aired on January 22, 2014, features the typhoon.[313]
The 2015 drama film Taklob, directed by Brillante Mendoza features the
survivors in the aftermath of the typhoon.[314]
In 2021, a drama related to Typhoon Haiyan titled Kun Maupay Man It Panahon
lit. “Whether the weather is fine” which is directed by Carlo Francisco
Manatad which aired on August 9, 2021
## See also[edit]
Portals:
* Tropical cyclones
* flag Philippines
* 2013 Bohol earthquake – rocked Leyte's neighboring islands of Bohol and Cebu less than a month before Haiyan struck
* Typhoons in the Philippines
* 1881 Haiphong typhoon
* Typhoon Axel (Garding; 1994) – last typhoon to make landfall over Leyte, before Haiyan
* Tropical Storm Thelma (Uring; 1991) – second deadliest Philippine tropical cyclone[315][316]
* Typhoon Son-Tinh (Ofel; 2012) – Struck the same area during the previous year, and had a track similar to Haiyan's
* Typhoon Mangkhut (Ompong; 2018) – Made landfall in northern Luzon as a Category 5-equivalent super typhoon
* Typhoon Goni (Rolly; 2020) – the strongest landfalling storm on record, making landfall in Bato, Catanduanes with maximum 1-minute sustained winds of 195 mph, same strength as Typhoon Haiyan.
* Typhoon Rai (Odette; 2021) – severely affected the same areas as Haiyan 8 years after.
* Other most intense tropical cyclones
* Typhoon Nancy (1961) – strongest tropical cyclone based on reported 1-minute maximum sustained winds
* Typhoon Nora (Luming; 1973) – once the strongest tropical cyclone ever recorded
* Typhoon Rita (Kading; 1978) – similarly powerful late-season typhoon which also devastated the Philippines
* Typhoon Tip (Warling, 1979) – strongest tropical cyclone based on pressure in recorded history
* Hurricane Allen (1980) – strongest Atlantic hurricane based on sustained wind speeds
* Typhoon Gay (Seniang; 1992) – unofficially the second most intense tropical cyclone recorded, tied with Patricia
* Hurricane Wilma (2005) – the most intense tropical cyclone in the Atlantic Ocean
* Hurricane Patricia (2015) – the strongest tropical cyclone based on reliably measured 1-minute maximum sustained winds and second most intense tropical cyclone on record
* Cyclone Winston (2016) – strongest tropical cyclone in the Southern Hemisphere; also the most intense tropical cyclone ever recorded at landfall
* Typhoon Meranti (Ferdie; 2016) – another intense typhoon which made landfall in Itbayat nearly 3 years after Haiyan
## Notes[edit]
1. ^ The Joint Typhoon Warning Center is a joint United States Navy – United States Air Force task force that issues tropical cyclone warnings for the western Pacific Ocean and other regions.[8]
2. ^ The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) is the official Regional Specialized Meteorological Center for the western Pacific Ocean.[11]
3. ^ A super typhoon is defined as a tropical cyclone with one-minute sustained winds of at least 240 km/h (150 mph).[14]
4. ^ The death and missing columns includes deaths caused by Typhoon Fengshen (Frank), in the MV Princess of the Stars disaster.
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## External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Typhoon Haiyan (2013).
General information about the typhoon
* Digital Typhoon: Typhoon201330 (HAIYAN) \- National Institute of Informatics
* Super Typhoon Haiyan from Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies
* Past Positions and Intensities of Typhoon Haiyan (as of 20:00 HKT on November 11, 2013) from the Hong Kong Observatory
* Compilation of satellite imagery and mapping products, pre- and post-disaster from UN-SPIDER
* Severe Weather Bulletin for Typhoon YOLANDA (HAIYAN) by the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council
General information about the response operation in the Philippines
* Assessing the Response to Typhoon Yolanda/Haiyan: Hearing before the Subcommittee on East Asian and Pacific Affairs of the Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate, One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, First Session, November 19, 2013
* Latest humanitarian response information via ReliefWeb
* Response to the crisis via FAO in emergencies
Media coverage of Typhoon Haiyan's destruction in the Philippines
* MULTIMEDIA REPORT: 'The Sea Washed it Away': On the Ground After Typhoon Haiyan by The Weather Channel
* IMAGES: Haiyan before and after the storm by BBC
* Typhoon Haiyan coverage by CBS News
* Typhoon Yolanda updates and coverage by Rappler
Relief operations of the Government of the Philippines
* Updates: Typhoon Yolanda by the Government of the Philippines
* Foreign Aid Transparency Hub (FAiTH) — Transparency portal by the Government of the Philippines
* v
* t
* e
Retired Pacific typhoon names
Pre-2000s
* Lucille (1960)
* Ophelia (1960)
* Karen (1962)
* Bess (1974)
* Bess (1982)
* Ike (1984)
* Roy (1988)
* Mike (1990)
* Mireille (1991)
* Thelma (1991)
* Omar (1992)
2000s
* Vamei (2001)
* Chataan (2002)
* Rusa (2002)
* Pongsona (2002)
* Yanyan (2003)
* Imbudo (2003)
* Maemi (2003)
* Sudal (2004)
* Tingting (2004)
* Rananim (2004)
* Matsa (2005)
* Nabi (2005)
* Longwang (2005)
* Chanchu (2006)
* Bilis (2006)
* Saomai (2006)
* Xangsane (2006)
* Durian (2006)
* Morakot (2009)
* Ketsana (2009)
* Parma (2009)
2010s
* Fanapi (2010)
* Washi (2011)
* Vicente (2012)
* Bopha (2012)
* Sonamu (2013)
* Utor (2013)
* Fitow (2013)
* Haiyan (2013)
* Rammasun (2014)
* Soudelor (2015)
* Mujigae (2015)
* Koppu (2015)
* Melor (2015)
* Meranti (2016)
* Sarika (2016)
* Haima (2016)
* Nock-ten (2016)
* Hato (2017)
* Kai-tak (2017)
* Tembin (2017)
* Rumbia (2018)
* Mangkhut (2018)
* Yutu (2018)
* Lekima (2019)
* Faxai (2019)
* Hagibis (2019)
* Kammuri (2019)
* Phanfone (2019)
2020s
* Vongfong (2020)
* Linfa (2020)
* Molave (2020)
* Goni (2020)
* Vamco (2020)
* v
* t
* e
Typhoon names retired by PAGASA
1960s
* Dading
* Welming
1970s
* Pitang
* Sening
* Titang
* Yoling
* Wening
* Didang
* Unding
* Atang
* Kading
1980s
* Nitang
* Undang
* Katring
* Herming
* Sisang
* Unsang
* Yoning
1990s
* Ruping
* Uring
* Monang
* Rosing
* Iliang
* Loleng
2000s
* Nanang
* Harurot
* Unding
* Violeta
* Winnie
* Milenyo
* Reming
* Cosme
* Frank
* Feria
* Ondoy
* Pepeng
2010s
* Juan
* Katring
* Bebeng
* Juaning
* Mina
* Pedring
* Sendong
* Pablo
* Labuyo
* Santi
* Yolanda
* Glenda
* Jose
* Mario
* Ruby
* Seniang
* Lando
* Nona
* Karen
* Lawin
* Nina
* Urduja
* Vinta
* Ompong
* Rosita
* Usman
* Tisoy
* Ursula
2020s
* Ambo
* Quinta
* Rolly
* Ulysses
* Jolina
* Maring
* Odette
* v
* t
* e
Tropical cyclones of the 2013 Pacific typhoon season
Timeline
2013 Pacific typhoon season summary.png
STS
Sonamu
TD
Bising
TS
Shanshan
TD
TD
TS
Yagi
TD
TD
TS
Leepi
TS
Bebinca
STS
Rumbia
VSTY
Soulik
TS
Cimaron
TD
TD
STS
Jebi
TS
Mangkhut
VITY
Utor
TD
TD
TD
13W
STS
Trami
STS
Pewa
TS
Unala
TD
03C
STS
Kong-rey
TD
TD
TD
TD
TS
Yutu
STS
Toraji
TY
Man-yi
TD
18W
VITY
Usagi
STS
Pabuk
TD
TD
TD
TD
TY
Wutip
TS
Sepat
TY
Fitow
VSTY
Danas
TD
TD
TD
Phailin
TY
Nari
VSTY
Wipha
VITY
Francisco
TD
27W
VITY
Lekima
TY
Krosa
TD
Wilma
VITY
Haiyan (history)
TS
Podul
TD
TD
TD
Lehar
TD
33W
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*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate. Executive Order 135 §6 states that for "census years" (years divisible by 10) the reference date would be May 1st, but for all other years, the reference date is to be the "middle of the year". This means that growth rates, although correct, are not necessarily simple year-on-year comparisons.
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:30]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 14:26]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 08:55]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 19:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:58]:
*[17/2/23 lúc 11:23]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:55]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 15:23]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 15:03]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 12:05]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 19:47]:
*[19/2/23 lúc 14:04]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 17:23]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 15:14]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 10:03]:
*[18/2/23 lúc 08:39]:
*[16/2/23 lúc 14:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 10:12]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
*[11:24 ngày 21/2/23]:
*[18:45 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[14:42 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[17:56 ngày 20/2/23]:
*[11:21 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[11:39 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[11:35 ngày 19/2/23]:
*[08:31 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[14:01 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[13:28 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[12:15 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[08:44 ngày 18/2/23]:
*[Ref.]: References
*[PSGC]: Philippine Standard Geographic Code
*[SEC]: Securities and Exchange Commission
*[RTC]: Regional Trial Court
*[Crim.]: Criminal
|
spiderum_text/4124 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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Sắp xếp theo Nổi bật Giảm nhiều Trả góp 0% Giá thấp đến cao
# Mac Studio
1. Mac Studio 2022 | M1 Ultra 64GB/1TB
### Mac Studio 2022 | M1 Ultra 64GB/1TB
Mua ngay 109.990.000 ₫
Hoặc trả trước32.997.000 ₫
Đăng ký ngay
2. Mac Studio 2022 | M1 Max 32GB/512GB
### Mac Studio 2022 | M1 Max 32GB/512GB
Mua ngay 55.990.000 ₫
Hoặc trả trước16.797.000 ₫
Đăng ký ngay
## 1\. Mac Studio: Thông tin trước khi mua và những điều cần biết
Trong sự kiện Peek Performance vừa qua, Apple đã cho ra mắt những sản phẩm mới
là Mac Studio, mang đến bất ngờ lớn và sự tò mò nơi các fans. Vậy liệu Mac
Studio 2022 có gì đặc biệt, và các sức mạnh to lớn từ Mac Studio M1 Max, Mac
Studio M1 Ultra liệu có làm bạn hài lòng? Cùng khám phá chi tiết những đặc
điểm xoay quanh dòng sản phẩm Mac Studio qua những thông tin được chia sẻ sau
đây.
Mac Studio: Thông tin trước khi mua và những điều cần biết
## 2\. Mac Studio là gì?
Mac Studio là dòng sản phẩm mới nhất của Apple, được xem là sự kết hợp hoàn
hảo giữa Mac Mini và Mac Pro. Đây cũng là thiết bị thay thế cho iMac 27 inch
trước đó.
Mac Studio là gì?
Dòng sản phẩm mới đóng vai trò là một thiết bị cao cấp hơn so với Mac Mini, có
thiết kế khá tương tự, tuy nhiên khác biệt chủ yếu nằm ở cấu hình bên trong.
## 3\. Mac Studio dùng để làm gì?
Sản phẩm hướng đến các chuyên gia “studio”, phục vụ tốt nhất cho công việc
đồng thời cũng được trang bị dòng chip M-series cực mạnh mẽ, hiệu suất khủng
cho tốc độ cực nhanh chóng và khả năng xử lý vượt bậc. Chiếc máy phục vụ cho
những tác vụ chuyên nghiệp nhưng vẫn mang một diện mạo nhỏ gọn và vô cùng hiện
đại, thời trang khi đi cùng 1 chiếc màn hình Apple Display.
Mac Studio dùng để làm gì?
Có thể nói sự ra mắt Mac Studio là sự bổ sung khá kịp thời và đúng lúc cho các
dòng máy Mac của Apple, với sự chuyển đổi từ thế hệ các dòng chip Intel sang
dòng chip hiện đại do chính Apple sản xuất. Con chip tạo được sự bất ngờ lớn
với hiệu năng vô cùng mạnh mẽ, hiệu suất cao đồng thời tiết kiệm năng lượng và
hạn chế nhiệt năng sinh ra trong quá trình sử dụng.
## 4\. Mac Studio và Mac Pro khác nhau gì?
Mới ra mắt trong năm nay, nhiều bạn chưa rõ về sự khác nhau giữa Mac Studio và
Mac Pro. Có thể nói một chiếc Mac Studio thế hệ mới sẽ hoạt động tốt hơn Mac
Pro, tuy nhiên tốt hơn như thế nào thì bạn có thể tham khảo qua phần so sánh
Mac Studio và Mac Pro sau đây.
Về cấu hình, Mac Studio sở hữu nhiều dòng chip khác nhau thuộc M-Series, có
thể là M1 Max với CPU 10 lõi, GPU 24 lõi cũng như Neural Engine 16 lõi. Còn
với chip M1 Ultra sở hữu CPU 20 lõi, GPU 64 lõi, và Neural Engine 32 lõi.
Mac Studio và Mac Pro khác nhau gì?
Trong khi đó thì những chiếc Mac Pro cơ bản sử dụng con chip Intel có hiệu
suất cũng khá mạnh mẽ. Tuy nhiên, nhìn chung vẫn là dòng chip M-Series vẫn
được đánh giá cao hơn về mặt hiệu năng và được người dùng ưa chuộng như khi
Apple đưa chip M1 lên Macbook.
Về bộ nhớ, những chiếc Mac Pro bắt đầu mới bộ nhớ 32GB có thể xem là khá cao,
trong khi con chip M1 Max xác định với cấu hình 32GB hoặc 64GB còn nếu nâng
lên chip M1 Ultra thì bộ nhớ có thể lên 128GB tích hợp vào Mac Studio.
Khả năng đồ họa, chiếc Mac Pro cấp thấp nhất sở hữu card đồ họa AMD Radeon Pro
W5500X. Tuy chiếc Mac Studio vẫn chưa đưa vào thực nghiệm nhưng trong bài test
của Apple thì hiệu suất đồ họa của máy vẫn tốt hơn so với dòng GPU rời cao cấp
nhất hiện nay.
Lợi thế của Mac Studio khi so sánh với dòng Mac Pro
Mac Studio cho khả năng xử lý tốt khi làm việc với video hơn nhiều lần so với
dòng Mac Pro khi đi kèm một công cụ tương đương với Media Engine.
Cả Mac Studio và Mac Pro đều cung cấp các tùy chọn 512GB, 1TB, 2TB, 4TB và 8TB
tuy nhiên bộ nhớ của Mac Studio không thể nâng cấp được còn Mac Pro thì có
thể.
Như vậy, có thể thấy cơ bản là Mac Studio hoạt động tốt hơn, đặc biệt là với
các tác vụ “studio”. Nhờ đó, người dùng sẽ có những trải nghiệm hoàn toàn mới
với những chiếc Mac Studio có thể thay thế Mac Mini và Mac Pro này. Để theo
dõi phần so sánh Mac Studio và Mac Pro chi tiết, bạn có thể tham khảo bảng
thống kế sau đây.
So sánh Mac Studio Mac Pro
Chip xử lý M1 Max, M1 Ultra Intel
Chip đồ họa GPU trên chip Apple Silicon AMD Radeon Pro
Bộ nhớ trong 512GB, 1TB, 2TB, 4TB, 8TB 512GB, 1TB, 2TB, 4TB, 8TB
RAM tối đa 128GB 1,5TB (được nâng cấp)
Media Engine Có Không
## 5\. Mac Studio giá bao nhiêu?
Mac Studio có nhiều phiên bản chip và bộ nhớ khác nhau, trong đó không phải
phiên bản nào cũng về thị trường Việt Nam. Để biết Mac Studio giá bao nhiêu,
bạn có thể tham khảo những mẫu hiện sắp về hàng với giá dự kiến như sau:
* Mac Studio M1 Max RAM 32GB / ROM 512GB giá từ 59,99 triệu động
* Mac Studio M1 Ultra RAM 64GB / ROM 1 TB giá từ 109,99 triệu đồng
Lưu ý: Giá bán trên chỉ là giá tham khảo tại thời điểm này. Giá bán sản phẩm
sẽ có sự thay đổi theo thời gian cũng như những chi sách bán hàng, khuyến mãi
riêng biệt.
## 6\. Mac Studio 2022 sử dụng các con chip nào?
Hiện tại, Mac Studio vừa ra mắt, sở hữu trong mình 2 dòng chip thuộc M-Series
tiên tiến nhất hiện nay là M1 Max và M1 Ultra.
### 6.1 Mac Studio M1 Max
Chiếc Mac Studio sở hữu chip M1 Max với 10 lõi CPU và 24 lõi GPU cùng 16 lõi
Engine Neural. Đây được xem là dòng chip vượt trội hơn so với chip M1 ra mắt
trước đó, xử lý tốt gần như mọi tác vụ từ người dùng.
Mac Studio M1 Max
Kiến trúc của chip M1 Ultra còn được gọi là Ultra Fusion, bởi đây chỉ đơn giản
là 2 chip M1 Max ghép lại với nhau để nâng cấp sức mạnh lên nhiều lần.
### 6.2 Mac Studio M1 Ultra
Mặc dù chip M1 Max đã rất mạnh mẽ nhưng xem ra chip M1 Ultra trên Mac Studio
còn tuyệt vời hơn với 20 lõi CPU, 64 lõi GPU cùng 32 lõi Neural Engine mang
đến hiệu suất cực cao, đáp ứng người dùng với tốc độ nhanh chóng mặt đồng thời
còn góp phần tiết kiệm năng lượng một cách tối đa như dòng Macbook Air.
Mac Studio M1 Ultra
## 7\. Đánh giá Mac Studio 2022 vì sao đáng mua?
Một trong những lý do hàng đầu để bạn nên mua một chiếc Mac Studio đó là thiết
bị đáp ứng được các vụ nặng từ người dùng, nhất là giải quyết công việc liên
quan đến studio với sự nhỏ gọn, tiện dụng.
Ngoài ra thì vẫn còn những đặc điểm khác để thuyết phục bạn nên mua sản phẩm
này mà bạn có thể tham khảo những khía cạnh sau đây.
### 7.1 Thiết kế nhỏ gọn, hiện đại, đẹp mắt
Thoạt nhìn thì Mac Studio có thiết kế khá giống Mac Mini tuy nhiên các đường
nét được trau chuốt và hoàn thiện hơn nhiều. Thiết bị có vỏ ngoài làm từ chất
liệu nhôm chắc chắn, các góc cạnh được bo góc một các tỉ mỉ và tinh tế. Phía
trên là logo trái táo khuyết quen thuộc của Apple.
Mac Studio 2022 có kích thước nhỏ gọn trong hình vuông với những đường nét mềm
mại, kích thước chỉ khoảng 19.6 x 19.6 x 9.4 cm. Bạn có thể để gọn trên bàn và
thiết bị có thể nằm gọn dưới bất kỳ loại màn hình nào.
Thiết kế nhỏ gọn, hiện đại, đẹp mắt
Bên cạnh đó là cách thiết kế tản nhiệt vô cùng thông minh, hút không khí từ
khe dưới mặt đáy sau đó đẩy ra 4000 lỗ xung quanh giúp thiết bị thoát nhiệt
nhanh chóng. Chiếc máy cũng không tạo ra nhiều tiếng ồn đáng kể trong quá
trình hoạt động.
Vật liệu tản nhiệt của hai phiên bản chip cũng khác nhau. Trong khi chiếc Mac
Studio M1 Max được tản nhiệt bằng chất liệu nhôm thì Mac Studio M1 Ultra được
tản nhiệt bằng chất liệu đồng. Do đó chiếc Mac Studio M1 Ultra nặng hơn 1kg so
với phiên bản Mac Studio M1 Max. Hai thiết bị đều có công suất tiêu thụ 370W.
Thiết kế Mac Studio M1 Ultra
Bao phủ bên ngoài Mac Studio 2022 là gam màu bạc truyền thống, quen thuộc, dễ
sử dụng nhưng đồng thời cũng mang đến nét cuốn hút riêng và tính cao cấp cho
sản phẩm.
### 7.2 Dung lượng RAM và bộ nhớ
Mac Studio 2022 có nhiều phiên bản bộ nhớ từ 512GB, 1TB, 2TB, 4TB đến 8TB,
cung cấp không gian lưu trữ cực rộng rãi, phục vụ và đáp ứng tốt nhu cầu sử
dụng của các chuyên gia.
Dung lượng RAM và bộ nhớ
Với phiên bản Mac Studio M1 Max, dung lượng RAM tối đa lên đến 64GB, trong khi
Mac Studio M1 Ultra có thể sở hữu dung lượng RAM 128GB. Đây là thông số khá
cao, cho phép trình đa nhiệm chạy một cách mượt mà để bạn thoải mái thao tác
với nhiều ứng dụng cùng lúc.
### 7.3 Hiệu năng vượt trội so với bất kỳ đối thủ nào
Hiệu năng là một trong những ưu điểm đáng nể của Mac Studio 2022. Hai phiên
bản đều sở hữu những con chip hiện đại bậc nhất của Apple, mang đến hiệu năng
cực đỉnh, tốc độ xử lý được đánh giá cao nhất hiện nay.
Với Mac Studio M1 Max, con chip sở hữu 10 lõi CPU, 24 lõi GPU và 16 lõi Neural
Engine, đi kèm Media Engine, cho băng thông bộ nhớ lên đến 400GB/s, xử lý các
tác vụ chuyên nghiệp như video ProRes.
Hiệu năng vượt trội so với bất kỳ đối thủ nào
Trong khi đó thì Mac Studio M1 Ultra có con chip sở hữu 20 lõi CPU, có thể đạt
64 lõi GPU và 32 lõi Neural Engine, cung cấp băng thông bộ nhớ lên đến
800GB/s. Hiệu năng của Mac Studio M1 Ultra nhanh hơn 3.8 lần so với iMac Intel
Core i9 và nhanh hơn 60% so với chiếc Mac Pro 28 lõi.
### 7.5 Cổng kết nối
Mặt sau của Mac Studio 2022 được tích hợp nhiều cổng kết nối khác nhau, bao
gồm Thunderbolt 4, 2 cổng USB-A, cổng HDMI, cổng Ethenet 10GB đi kèm jack âm
thanh 3.5mm.
Cổng kết nối
Trong khi đó thì mặt trước của thiết bị cũng được tích hợp 2 cổng USB-C và đầu
đọc thẻ nhớ SD. Mac Studio 2022 có thể truyền hình ảnh sang 4 màn hình Pro
Display XDRs và 1 tivi 4K.
### 7.6 Phụ kiện đi kèm trong hộp
Sản phẩm đi kèm của Mac Studio trong hộp chỉ gồm có cáp nguồn và sản phẩm
chính là Mac Studio. Nếu muốn sử dụng đầy đủ bạn cần phải trang bị thêm màn
hình, bàn phím, chuột, loa cùng những thiết bị ngoại vi khác nếu cần.
Phụ kiện đi kèm trong hộp
Bên cạnh đó, cùng ra mắt song song với Mac Studio 2022 còn có một màn hình
Studio Display 27 inch 5K, có thể kết nối với thiết bị này và sử dụng thật
đồng bộ, hợp lý.
### 7.7 Đẳng cấp Apple
Apple luôn cho ra những thiết bị cao cấp đi trước thời đại, mang đến nhiều
trải nghiệm độc đáo đáng để bạn khám phá. Riêng với sản phẩm Mac Studio này,
thiết bị không chỉ ghi điểm khi phát huy sức mạnh của con chip M1 Max và M1
Ultra lên mức tối đa mà sự hoàn thiện trong thiết kế lẫn những tính năng khác
cũng mang lại cho người dùng sự hài lòng và cảm giác khác biệt, đúng với đẳng
cấp Apple.
Đẳng cấp Apple
## 8\. Vì sao nên mua Mac Studio Chính hãng tại Di Động Việt?
Mac Studio 2022 vừa được ra mắt và sẽ nhanh chóng “cập bến” Di Động Việt trong
thời gian gần nhất. Bạn có thể đăng ký nhận thông tin sản phẩm hoặc đặt hàng
trước để là một trong những khách hàng đầu tiên được sở hữu.
Vì sao nên mua Mac Studio Chính hãng tại Di Động Việt?
Nhiều khách hàng đã mua các sản phẩm của Apple tại Di Động Việt và nhận được
sự hài lòng. Ngoài việc cung cấp sản phẩm chính hãng với giá cực phải chăng,
tại đây bạn sẽ được phục vụ chu đáo với những tiêu chí được đặt lên hàng đầu
như:
* Di Động Việt cam kết cung cấp sản phẩm chính hãng
* Giá tốt nhất trên thị trường
* Thời gian bảo hành 12 tháng đối với sản phẩm mới
* Tư vấn, hướng dẫn chu đáo, tận tâm
* Nhiều chương trình ưu đãi hấp dẫn
* Có giao nhanh (tùy khu vực)
* Hỗ trợ mua hàng trả góp với lãi suất thấp
Di Động Việt
Hệ thống 56 cửa hàng Di Động Việt
* * *
Nơi có tất cả các sản phẩm Di Động Việt đang kinh doanh và là nơi Trade-in Thu
cũ lên đời. Đặc biệt: Máy qua sử dụng giá rẻ, Trả góp linh hoạt với nhiều
phương thức
* 45 Nguyễn Trung Trực, Rạch Giá , Kiên Giang
* 132 Nguyễn Hữu Thọ, Bến Lức, Long An
* 574 Cách Mạng Tháng 8, Tây Ninh
* 60 Hàm Nghi, Thanh Khê, Đà Nẵng
* 417 Đại Lộ Bình Dương, Thủ Dầu Một, Bình Dương
* 13-15-17 Đường D1, Kp.4, P. Mỹ Phước, Bến Cát, Bình Dương
* 39/1-40/1A Đường 22/12, P. An Phú, Thuận An, Bình Dương
* 1110 Phú Riềng Đỏ, Đồng Xoài, Bình Phước
* 177 Lê Hồng Phong, Vũng Tàu
* 161 Trần Hưng Đạo,Phan Thiết, Bình Thuận
* 316 Hùng Vương, Kp.3, Xuân Bình, Long Khánh
* 91,92,93/2, KP. 8A, Tân Biên, Biên Hòa
* 515 Nguyễn Duy Trinh, Bình Trưng Đông, Thủ Đức
* 967 Kha Vạn Cân, Linh Chiểu, Thủ Đức
* 237 Khánh Hội , P.5 , Quận 4, Hồ Chí Minh
* 1270 Quang Trung, P. 14, Quận Gò Vấp, Hồ Chí Minh
* 04 Nguyễn Ảnh Thủ, P. Hiệp Thành, Quận 12, Hồ Chí Minh
Hệ thống 10 cửa hàng Di Động Việt đạt chuẩn PPG của Apple
* * *
Di Động Việt tự hào với hệ thống 10 cửa hàng đạt chuẩn PPG, có mặt chính thức
trên website của Apple.com (locate.apple.com/vn/en/sales)
* 77 Trần Quang Khải, P. Tân Định, Quận 1, Tp. Hồ Chí Minh
* 79 Đồng Khởi, P. Bến Nghé, Quận 1, Tp. Hồ Chí Minh
* 745A Đường 3/2, Phường 6, Quận 10, Tp. Hồ Chí Minh
* 619 Nguyễn Thị Thập, P. Tân Hưng, Quận 7, Tp. Hồ Chí Minh
* 621 Âu Cơ, P. Phú Thuận, Quận Tân Phú, Tp. Hồ Chí Minh
Hệ thống 05 cửa hàng SiS Mobifone - Di Động Việt
* * *
Hệ thống liên kết theo mô hình Shop in Shop (SiS) giữa Mobifone và Di
Động Việt. Nơi chỉ bán điện thoại Samsung, Oppo, Vsmart, Xiaomi với giá rẻ
nhất thị trường.
* 80 Nguyễn Du, P. Bến Nghé, Quận 1, TP.HCM
* 291A Tô Hiến Thành, P. 13, Quận 10, TP.HCM
* 122A Phan Đăng Lưu, Phường 3, Quận Phú Nhuận, TP.HCM
* 254 Lê Văn Việt, P. Tăng Nhơn Phú A, Quận 9, TP.HCM
* 365 Cộng Hòa, P. 13, Quận Tân Bình, TP.HCM
* Mua hàng từ xa
* Mua hàng trả góp
* Chính sách bảo hành
* Chính sách đổi trả
* Chính sách bán hàng
* Chính sách bảo mật
* Chính sách sử dụng
* Chính sách kiểm hàng
* Hệ thống cửa hàng
* Khuyến mãi trong tháng
* Công nghệ 24h
* Trade-in thu cũ lên đời
* Tra cứu điểm thành viên
* Tuyển dụng mới nhất
* Hướng dẫn mua hàng từ xa
* Trung tâm bảo hành Apple tại Việt Nam
Hỗ trợ
* Gọi tư vấn máy - phụ kiện
(08:00 – 21:30)
1800.6018
* Khiếu nại - Góp ý
(08:00 – 21:30)
1800.6306
* Bảo hành - Hỗ trợ kỹ thuật
(09:00 – 21:00)
1800.6729
* Gọi mua hàng từ xa
(08:00 – 21:30)
1800.6018
Kết nối Di Động Việt
Hỗ trợ thanh toán
Chung nhan Tin Nhiem Mang DMCA.com Protection Status THÔNG TIN WEBSITE THƯƠNG
MẠI ĐIỆN TỬ
Công Ty TNHH Công Nghệ Di Động Việt
Sản phẩm bán chạy
* iPhone 14 Pro Max
* iPhone 13 Pro Max
* Samsung S22 Ultra
* Samsung Galaxy Z Fold4
* Samsung Galaxy Z Flip4
* Oppo Reno8
* Macbook Air M2
* AirPods Pro 2021
* Đồng hồ Garmin
Điện thoại
* iPhone 14 VN/A series
* iPhone 13 VN/A series
* iPhone 12 VN/A series
* iPhone 11 VN/A series
* iPhone Cũ
* Samsung
* Nokia
* Oppo
* Xiaomi
* Điện thoại gập
* Điện thoại cũ
Đồng hồ thông minh
* Apple Watch
* Samsung Galaxy Watch
* Xiaomi Mi Band
* Vòng đeo tay
* Đồng hồ định vị trẻ em
* Đồng hồ Cũ
* Apple Watch cũ
Máy tính bảng
* iPad
* iPad Air 5
* Galaxy Tab
* Xiaomi Pad
Phụ kiện
* Phụ kiện MacBook/Laptop
* Ốp lưng, bao da
* Kính cường lực
* Củ sạc
* Cáp sạc
* Sạc dự phòng
* Tai nghe
* Loa nghe nhạc
* Thiết bị y tế
* Smarthome
Đối tác Sửa chữa Điện thoại - Laptop và Bảo hành Ủy quyền
Viện Di Động
Thế giới máy cũ
* * *
CÔNG TY TNHH CÔNG NGHỆ DI ĐỘNG VIỆT - 75/35 Nguyễn Cửu Vân, Phường 17, Quận
Bình Thạnh, TP Hồ Chí Minh.
Mã số doanh nghiệp: 0312193244, ngày cấp: 05/03/2021, nơi cấp: Sở kế hoạch và
đầu tư thành phố Hồ Chí Minh
MST:0312193244.
Chủ sở hữu: Nguyễn Ngọc Đạt - Điện thoại: 1800.6018 (miễn phí) - Email:
[email protected] - Bản quyền thuộc về Di Động Việt.
Chọn sản phẩm so sánh
So sánh
Ưu đãi
Màn hinh
Camera sau
Camera trước
Hệ điều hành - CPU
Bộ nhớ - Lưu trữ
Kết nối
Thiết kế
Thông tin pin sạc
Thông tin khác
Chào mừng trở lại
Tạo một tài khoản để nhận được những ưu đãi tốt nhất từ Di Động Việt
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Email
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*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
*[17/2/23 lúc 16:51]:
*[15/2/23 lúc 08:46]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:47]:
*[20/2/23 lúc 16:35]:
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*[15/2/23 lúc 09:36]:
|
spiderum_text/3688 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
Google Cloud
* Overview
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* Accelerate your digital transformation
* Whether your business is early in its journey or well on its way to digital transformation, Google Cloud can help solve your toughest challenges.
* Learn more
* Key benefits
* Why Google Cloud
Top reasons businesses choose us.
* Multicloud
Run your apps wherever you need them.
* Trust and security
Keep your data secure and compliant.
* Global infrastructure
Build on the same infrastructure as Google.
* Data Cloud
Make smarter decisions with unified data.
* Open cloud
Scale with open, flexible technology.
* Sustainability
Run on the cleanest cloud in the industry.
* Productivity and collaboration
Connect your teams with AI-powered apps.
Solutions
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* Industry Solutions
Reduce cost, increase operational agility, and capture new market
opportunities.
* Retail
Analytics and collaboration tools for the retail value chain.
* Consumer Packaged Goods
Solutions for CPG digital transformation and brand growth.
* Financial Services
Computing, data management, and analytics tools for financial services.
* Healthcare and Life Sciences
Advance research at scale and empower healthcare innovation.
* Media and Entertainment
Solutions for content production and distribution operations.
* Telecommunications
Hybrid and multi-cloud services to deploy and monetize 5G.
* Gaming
AI-driven solutions to build and scale games faster.
* Manufacturing
Migration and AI tools to optimize the manufacturing value chain.
* Supply Chain and Logistics
Digital supply chain solutions built in the cloud.
* Government
Data storage, AI, and analytics solutions for government agencies.
* Education
Teaching tools to provide more engaging learning experiences.
* Not seeing what you're looking for?
* See all industry solutions
* Not seeing what you're looking for?
* See all solutions
* Application Modernization
Assess, plan, implement, and measure software practices and capabilities to
modernize and simplify your organization’s business application portfolios.
* CAMP
Program that uses DORA to improve your software delivery capabilities.
* Modernize Traditional Applications
Analyze, categorize, and get started with cloud migration on traditional
workloads.
* Migrate from PaaS: Cloud Foundry, Openshift
Tools for moving your existing containers into Google's managed container
services.
* Migrate from Mainframe
Automated tools and prescriptive guidance for moving your mainframe apps to
the cloud.
* Modernize Software Delivery
Software supply chain best practices - innerloop productivity, CI/CD and S3C.
* DevOps Best Practices
Processes and resources for implementing DevOps in your org.
* SRE Principles
Tools and resources for adopting SRE in your org.
* Day 2 Operations for GKE
Tools and guidance for effective GKE management and monitoring.
* FinOps and Optimization of GKE
Best practices for running reliable, performant, and cost effective
applications on GKE.
* Run Applications at the Edge
Guidance for localized and low latency apps on Google’s hardware agnostic edge
solution.
* Architect for Multicloud
Manage workloads across multiple clouds with a consistent platform.
* Go Serverless
Fully managed environment for developing, deploying and scaling apps.
* Artificial Intelligence
Add intelligence and efficiency to your business with AI and machine learning.
* Contact Center AI
AI model for speaking with customers and assisting human agents.
* Document AI
Document processing and data capture automated at scale.
* Product Discovery
Google-quality search and product recommendations for retailers.
* APIs and Applications
Speed up the pace of innovation without coding, using APIs, apps, and
automation.
* New Business Channels Using APIs
Attract and empower an ecosystem of developers and partners.
* Unlocking Legacy Applications Using APIs
Cloud services for extending and modernizing legacy apps.
* Open Banking APIx
Simplify and accelerate secure delivery of open banking compliant APIs.
* Databases
Migrate and manage enterprise data with security, reliability, high
availability, and fully managed data services.
* Database Migration
Guides and tools to simplify your database migration life cycle.
* Database Modernization
Upgrades to modernize your operational database infrastructure.
* Google Cloud Databases
Database services to migrate, manage, and modernize data.
* Migrate Oracle workloads to Google Cloud
Rehost, replatform, rewrite your Oracle workloads.
* Open Source Databases
Fully managed open source databases with enterprise-grade support.
* SQL Server on Google Cloud
Options for running SQL Server virtual machines on Google Cloud.
* Data Cloud
Unify data across your organization with an open and simplified approach to
data-driven transformation that is unmatched for speed, scale, and security
with AI built-in.
* Databases Solutions
Migrate and manage enterprise data with security, reliability, high
availability, and fully managed data services.
* Smart Analytics Solutions
Generate instant insights from data at any scale with a serverless, fully
managed analytics platform that significantly simplifies analytics.
* AI Solutions
Add intelligence and efficiency to your business with AI and machine learning.
* Data Cloud for ISVs
Innovate, optimize and amplify your SaaS applications using Google's data and
machine learning solutions such as BigQuery, Looker, Spanner and Vertex AI.
* Data Cloud Alliance
An initiative to ensure that global businesses have more seamless access and
insights into the data required for digital transformation.
* Digital Transformation
* Accelerate business recovery and ensure a better future with solutions that enable hybrid and multi-cloud, generate intelligent insights, and keep your workers connected.
* Digital Innovation
Reimagine your operations and unlock new opportunities.
* Operational Efficiency
Prioritize investments and optimize costs.
* COVID-19 Solutions
Get work done more safely and securely.
* COVID-19 Solutions for the Healthcare Industry
How Google is helping healthcare meet extraordinary challenges.
* Infrastructure Modernization
Migrate quickly with solutions for SAP, VMware, Windows, Oracle, and other
workloads.
* Application Migration
Discovery and analysis tools for moving to the cloud.
* SAP on Google Cloud
Certifications for running SAP applications and SAP HANA.
* High Performance Computing
Compute, storage, and networking options to support any workload.
* Windows on Google Cloud
Tools and partners for running Windows workloads.
* Data Center Migration
Migration solutions for VMs, apps, databases, and more.
* Active Assist
Automatic cloud resource optimization and increased security.
* Virtual Desktops
Remote work solutions for desktops and applications (VDI & DaaS).
* Rapid Assessment & Migration Program (RAMP)
End-to-end migration program to simplify your path to the cloud.
* Backup and Disaster Recovery
Ensure your business continuity needs are met.
* Productivity and Collaboration
Change the way teams work with solutions designed for humans and built for
impact.
* Google Workspace
Collaboration and productivity tools for enterprises.
* Google Workspace Essentials
Secure video meetings and modern collaboration for teams.
* Cloud Identity
Unified platform for IT admins to manage user devices and apps.
* Chrome Enterprise
Chrome OS, Chrome Browser, and Chrome devices built for business.
* Cloud Search
Enterprise search for employees to quickly find company information.
* Security
Detect, investigate, and respond to online threats to help protect your
business.
* Security Analytics and Operations
Solution for analyzing petabytes of security telemetry.
* Web App and API Protection
Threat and fraud protection for your web applications and APIs.
* Security and Resilience Framework
Solutions for each phase of the security and resilience life cycle.
* Risk and compliance as code (RCaC)
Solution to modernize your governance, risk, and compliance function with
automation.
* Software Supply Chain Security
Solution for improving end-to-end software supply chain security.
* Smart Analytics
Generate instant insights from data at any scale with a serverless, fully
managed analytics platform that significantly simplifies analytics.
* Data Warehouse Modernization
Data warehouse to jumpstart your migration and unlock insights.
* Data Lake Modernization
Services for building and modernizing your data lake.
* Spark on Google Cloud
Run and write Spark where you need it, serverless and integrated.
* Stream Analytics
Insights from ingesting, processing, and analyzing event streams.
* Business Intelligence
Solutions for modernizing your BI stack and creating rich data experiences.
* Data Science
Put your data to work with Data Science on Google Cloud.
* Marketing Analytics
Solutions for collecting, analyzing, and activating customer data.
* Geospatial Analytics and AI
Solutions for building a more prosperous and sustainable business.
* Datasets
Data from Google, public, and commercial providers to enrich your analytics
and AI initiatives.
* Startups and SMB
Accelerate startup and SMB growth with tailored solutions and programs.
* Startup Solutions
Grow your startup and solve your toughest challenges using Google’s proven
technology.
* Startup Program
Get financial, business, and technical support to take your startup to the
next level.
* Small and Medium Business
Explore solutions for web hosting, app development, AI, and analytics.
* Software as a Service
Build better SaaS products, scale efficiently, and grow your business.
Products
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* Featured Products
* Compute Engine
Virtual machines running in Google’s data center.
* Cloud Storage
Object storage that’s secure, durable, and scalable.
* Cloud SDK
Command-line tools and libraries for Google Cloud.
* Cloud SQL
Relational database service for MySQL, PostgreSQL and SQL Server.
* Google Kubernetes Engine
Managed environment for running containerized apps.
* BigQuery
Data warehouse for business agility and insights.
* Cloud CDN
Content delivery network for delivering web and video.
* Dataflow
Streaming analytics for stream and batch processing.
* Operations
Monitoring, logging, and application performance suite.
* Cloud Run
Fully managed environment for running containerized apps.
* Anthos
Platform for modernizing existing apps and building new ones.
* Not seeing what you're looking for?
* See all products (100+)
* AI and Machine Learning
* Vertex AI
Unified platform for training, running, and managing ML models.
* Vertex AI Workbench
Single interface for the entire Data Science workflow.
* AI Infrastructure
Options for training deep learning and ML models cost-effectively.
* AutoML
Custom machine learning model development, with minimal effort.
* Natural Language AI
Sentiment analysis and classification of unstructured text.
* Speech-to-Text
Speech recognition and transcription across 125 languages.
* Text-to-Speech
Speech synthesis in 220+ voices and 40+ languages.
* Translation AI
Language detection, translation, and glossary support.
* Video AI
Video classification and recognition using machine learning.
* Vision AI
Custom and pre-trained models to detect emotion, text, and more.
* Dialogflow
Lifelike conversational AI with state-of-the-art virtual agents.
* Not seeing what you're looking for?
* See all AI and machine learning products
* API Management
* Apigee API Management
Manage the full life cycle of APIs anywhere with visibility and control.
* Apigee Integration
API-first integration to connect existing data and applications.
* Cloud Healthcare API
Solution to bridge existing care systems and apps on Google Cloud.
* AppSheet
No-code development platform to build and extend applications.
* API Gateway
Develop, deploy, secure, and manage APIs with a fully managed gateway.
* Compute
* Compute Engine
Virtual machines running in Google’s data center.
* App Engine
Serverless application platform for apps and back ends.
* Cloud GPUs
GPUs for ML, scientific computing, and 3D visualization.
* Migrate to Virtual Machines
Server and virtual machine migration to Compute Engine.
* Spot VMs
Compute instances for batch jobs and fault-tolerant workloads.
* Batch
Fully managed service for scheduling batch jobs.
* Sole-Tenant Nodes
Dedicated hardware for compliance, licensing, and management.
* Bare Metal
Infrastructure to run specialized workloads on Google Cloud.
* Recommender
Usage recommendations for Google Cloud products and services.
* VMware Engine
Fully managed, native VMware Cloud Foundation software stack.
* Cloud Run
Fully managed environment for running containerized apps.
* Not seeing what you're looking for?
* See all compute products
* Containers
* Google Kubernetes Engine
Managed environment for running containerized apps.
* Container Registry
Registry for storing, managing, and securing Docker images.
* Container Security
Container environment security for each stage of the life cycle.
* Cloud Build
Solution for running build steps in a Docker container.
* Deep Learning Containers
Containers with data science frameworks, libraries, and tools.
* Kubernetes Applications
Containerized apps with prebuilt deployment and unified billing.
* Artifact Registry
Package manager for build artifacts and dependencies.
* Knative
Components to create Kubernetes-native cloud-based software.
* Cloud Run
Fully managed environment for running containerized apps.
* Cloud Code
IDE support to write, run, and debug Kubernetes applications.
* Google Cloud Deploy
Fully managed continuous delivery to Google Kubernetes Engine.
* Data Analytics
* BigQuery
Data warehouse for business agility and insights.
* Looker
Platform for BI, data applications, and embedded analytics.
* Dataflow
Streaming analytics for stream and batch processing.
* Pub/Sub
Messaging service for event ingestion and delivery.
* Dataproc
Service for running Apache Spark and Apache Hadoop clusters.
* Cloud Data Fusion
Data integration for building and managing data pipelines.
* Cloud Composer
Workflow orchestration service built on Apache Airflow.
* Dataprep
Service to prepare data for analysis and machine learning.
* Dataplex
Intelligent data fabric for unifying data management across silos.
* Data Catalog
Metadata service for discovering, understanding, and managing data.
* Analytics Hub
Service for securely and efficiently exchanging data analytics assets.
* Not seeing what you're looking for?
* See all data analytics products
* Databases
* AlloyDB for PostgreSQL
Fully managed, PostgreSQL-compatible database for demanding enterprise
workloads.
* Cloud Bigtable
Cloud-native wide-column database for large scale, low-latency workloads.
* Firestore
Cloud-native document database for building rich mobile, web, and IoT apps.
* Memorystore
In-memory database for managed Redis and Memcached.
* Cloud Spanner
Cloud-native relational database with unlimited scale and 99.999%
availability.
* Cloud SQL
Fully managed database for MySQL, PostgreSQL, and SQL Server.
* Database Migration Service
Serverless, minimal downtime migrations to the cloud.
* Bare Metal Solution for Oracle
Infrastructure to run specialized Oracle workloads on Google Cloud.
* Firebase Realtime Database
NoSQL database for storing and syncing data in real time.
* Datastream
Serverless change data capture and replication service.
* Developer Tools
* Artifact Registry
Universal package manager for build artifacts and dependencies.
* Cloud Build
Continuous integration and continuous delivery platform.
* Cloud Code
IDE support to write, run, and debug Kubernetes applications.
* Cloud Deployment Manager
Service for creating and managing Google Cloud resources.
* gcloud CLI
Command line tools and libraries for Google Cloud.
* Cloud Scheduler
Cron job scheduler for task automation and management.
* Cloud Source Repositories
Private Git repository to store, manage, and track code.
* Cloud Tasks
Task management service for asynchronous task execution.
* Cloud Workstations
Managed and secure development environments in the cloud
* Google Cloud Deploy
Fully managed continuous delivery to Google Kubernetes Engine.
* Tools for PowerShell
Full cloud control from Windows PowerShell.
* Not seeing what you're looking for?
* See all developer tools
* Healthcare and Life Sciences
* Apigee Healthcare APIx
FHIR API-based digital service production.
* Cloud Healthcare API
Solution for bridging existing care systems and apps on Google Cloud.
* Cloud Life Sciences
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* * Current
# Google Cloud Platform Subprocessors
Google and its affiliates engage the third-party entities in the table below
to perform limited activities in connection with the Google Cloud Platform
Services. The table shows what activity each entity performs and indicates if
an entity is only relevant to a specific Service or Region. More information
about each activity is provided directly below. This explains the limited
processing of Customer Data the entity is authorized to perform.
Data Labeling: Human labelers apply labels to datasets submitted by Customer
based on instructions provided by Customer. See the AI Platform Data Labeling
Service page, Document AI Service page, Human-in-the-Loop AI Service page,
Vertex AI data labeling page and Vertex AI Vision Service page for more
information.
Technical Support: Customer-initiated technical support:
* in the case of Apigee as described in the Apigee Technical Support Services Guidelines. The Subprocessor only has access to Customer Data if access is enabled in the Admin Console. See the Trace Overview page for more information.
* in the case of all other Google Cloud Platform Services as described in the Google Cloud Platform Technical Support Service Guidelines. The Subprocessor does not have access to Customer Data stored or processed by the Services. The Subprocessor only has access to Customer Data if Customer explicitly elects to share Customer Data in the course of a support case (e.g. screenshots).
Voice Transcription: Human transcribers label and transcribe audio recordings.
This activity only occurs if Customer elects to opt in to the Speech-to-Text
data logging program. See the Speech-to-Text Data Logging page for more
information.
Entity name Relevant Google Cloud Platform Service(s) Applicable Cloud
Region(s) Activity Country where processing is performed Registered address
Country of registration Company number Parent company
Accenture International Limited Firebase Services, Firestore All Technical
Support Philippines and United States of America
1 Grand Canal Square, Grand Canal Harbour, Dublin 2, D02 P820
Ireland 620139 Accenture plc
Appen Butler Hill Inc. Speech-to-Text All Voice Transcription Australia and
Philippines 12131 113th Ave NE Suite #100 Kirkland, WA 98034-6944 United
States of America 35-2238395 (Tax ID) Appen Butler Hill Pty Ltd
CallPoint New Europe EAD d/b/a Telus International Europe
All Google Cloud Platform Services
Speech-to-Text
All
Technical Support
Voice Transcription
Bulgaria
1000 Sofia, Triaditsa district, 1 Alabin Str., TELUS Tower Bulgaria
Bulgaria 175138361 TELUS International (U.K.) Ltd.
Canonical Group Limited Anthos All Technical Support Brazil, Canada, Japan,
Isle of Man, United Kingdom, United States of America, Taiwan 5 New Street
Square, London, EC4A 3TW United Kingdom 06870835 Canonical Limited
Cognizant Worldwide Limited
All Google Cloud Platform Services
Talent Solution, Retail Search
All
Technical Support
Data Labeling
Argentina, India and Ireland
India
1 Kingdom Street, Paddington Central, London, W2 6BD United Kingdom 7195160
Cognizant Technology Solutions Corporation
CData Software, Inc. Apigee All Technical Support India and United States of
America 101 Europa Drive, Suite 110 Chapel Hill, NC 27517 United States of
America 47-1860136 (Tax ID) N/A
EPAM Systems, Inc. All Google Cloud Platform Services All Technical Support
Australia, Mexico, Poland, Switzerland and United States of America 41
University Dr #202, Newtown, PA 18940 United States of America 3604150 N/A
EPAM Systems Japan G.K. All Google Cloud Platform Services All Technical
Support Japan Roppongi Denki Building 7F, 6-1-20 Roppongi, Minato-Ku, Tokyo
106-0032 Japan Japan 0104-03-018863 EPAM Systems, Inc.
GlobalLogic Technologies Private Limited (formerly listed as GlobalLogic
Technologies Limited) AI Platform Data Labeling, Human-in-the-Loop AI, Vertex
AI Vision, Vertex AI All Data Labeling India 6th floor, Block 1, DLF Cyber
city, Hyderabad, Telangana 500019, India India U72200TG2006PTC067980
GlobalLogic Inc.
GlobalLogic Inc. AI Platform Data Labeling, Human-in-the-Loop AI, Vertex AI
Vision, Vertex AI All Data Labeling Poland and United States of America 1741
Technology Drive, Suite 400, San Jose, CA 95110 United States of America
54-1986789 (Tax ID) GlobalLogic Holdings Inc.
HCL America Inc.
Transfer Appliance
Document AI
All
Technical Support
Technical Support, Data Labeling
Poland and United States of America
United States of America
330 Potrero Avenue Sunnyvale, California, 94085-4113 United States of America
77-0205035 (Tax ID) HCL Technologies Limited
HCL Technologies Corporate Services Limited
Document AI
All
Technical Support, Data Labeling
India
Axon Centre, Church Road, Egham, United Kingdom TW20 9QB United Kingdom
11234311
HCL Technologies Limited
Infosys Limited All Google Cloud Platform Services All Technical Support
India, Japan, Mexico and United States of America 2400 N Glenville Dr Suite
C150 Richardson TX 75082 United States United States of America 58-1760235
(Tax ID) Infosys Limited
LXT AI Inc. Speech-to-Text All Voice Transcription Canada 4312 Village Centre
Court, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada, L4Z 1S2 Canada 892607-7 LXT AI GLOBAL
Productive Playhouse, Inc. Speech-to-Text All Voice Transcription India,
Thailand and United States of America Productive Playhouse, Inc., 25231 Paseo
de Alicia, Suite 205, Laguna Hills, CA 92653 United States of America C3185390
N/A
PVP Inc All Google Cloud Platform Services All Technical Support Japan
Shibadaimon 1F, 2-1-16.Shibadaimon, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-0012, Japan Japan
0118-01-025525 N/A
Sigma.AI SLU Speech-to-Text All Voice Transcription Spain Avenida de Burgos,
114; First floor; 28050 - Madrid Spain B85405702 (Tax ID) Sigma AI Group LLC
Simba Technologies Incorporated BigQuery All Technical Support Canada 938 West
8th Ave, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1E5 Canada BC1085262 insightsoftware, LLC.
Sutherland Global Services Bulgaria EOOD All Google Cloud Platform Services
All Technical Support Bulgaria 82, Patriarch Evtimii Blvd. 82, fl.1, Sofia 164
Bulgaria 200182310 SGS Cayman, L.P.
Sutherland Global Services Inc. All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Technical Support Mexico 1160 Pittsford Victor Rd, Pittsford, New York 14534
United States of America 16-1287080 (Tax ID) Sutherland Global Holdings Inc.
Taos Mountain LLC, an IBM Company (formerly listed as Taos Mountain, LLC)
Transfer Appliance All Technical Support United States of America 121 Daggett
Dr., San Jose, CA, 95134 United States of America 77-0441371 (Tax ID) IBM
Corp.
Teleperformance Global Services Private Limited AI Platform Data Labeling All
Data Labeling India Teleperformance Towers, Plot CST No. 1406 - A / 28,
Mindspace, Goregaon (West), Mumbai – 400104, Maharashtra, India. India
U72900MH2001PTC232120 Dutch Contact Centers (DCC) B.V.
TELUS International AI Inc. (formerly listed as Lionbridge Global Sourcing
Solutions, Inc. Speech-to-Text All Voice Transcription Finland and India 2251
South Decatur Boulevard, Las Vegas, NV 89102 United States of America
26-3123158(Tax ID) TELUS International AI Acquisition Inc.
Telus International (CDA) Inc. All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Technical Support Canada 7th Floor, 510 West Georgia Street, Vancouver, BC V6B
0M3 Canada BC1059858 TELUS Communications Inc.
TELUS International Ireland (formerly listed as VoxPro Limited) All Google
Cloud Platform Services All Technical Support Ireland Voxpro House, Unit 6,
Riverview Business Park, Blackrock, Cork Ireland 390162 TELUS International
Ireland Outsourcing Services Limited
TELUS International Services Limited
All Google Cloud Platform Services
All
Technical Support
El Salvador, Guatemala and the Philippines
Voxpro House, Point Village, East Wall Road, Dublin 1, Ireland
Ireland 669282
TELUS International (Cda) Inc.
UJET, Inc. CCAI Platform All Technical Support United States of America 201
3rd Street, Suite 950 San Francisco, CA 94103 United States of America 5783007
N/A
Webhelp Holding Germany GmbH All Google Cloud Platform Services All Technical
Support Israel, Japan, Romania, Spain, Peru and United States of America
Tullnaustrasse 20, 90402, Nuremberg Germany HRB 37006 Webhelp SAS
Webhelp Malaysia Sdn. Bhd (formerly listed as Sellbytel Services Malaysia Sdn.
Bhd.)
All Google Cloud Platform Services
All Technical Support Malaysia Menara Exchange 106, Level 6, Lingkaran TRX,
Jalan Tun Razak Exchange 55188, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Malaysia 976878-T
Webhelp Holding Germany GmbH
Affiliates of Third-Party Subprocessors
Accenture International Limited Affiliates
Entity name Relevant Google Cloud Platform Service(s) Applicable Cloud
Region(s) Activity Country where processing is performed Registered address
Country of registration Company number Parent company
Accenture, Inc. Firebase Services, Firestore All Technical Support Philippines
7th Floor, Robinsons Cybergate 1, Pioneer St., Mandaluyong City Philippines
ASO91-199207 Accenture plc
Accenture LLP Firebase Services, Firestore All Technical Support United States
of America 350 S. Northwest Highway, #300, Park Ridge, Cook, IL, 60068 United
States of America 000-622 Accenture plc
Appen Butler Hill Inc. Affiliates
Entity name Relevant Google Cloud Platform Service(s) Applicable Cloud
Region(s) Activity Country where processing is performed Registered address
Country of registration Company number Parent company
Appen Butler Hill Pty Ltd Speech-to-Text All Voice Transcription Australia 9
Help St, Chatswood NSW 2067 Australia Australia 088 829 556 Appen Limited
Appen Services Philippines Speech-to-Text All Voice Transcription Philippines
BPO Tower One Suntech iPark Advincula Ave., Lancaster New City Alapan II-B
Imus City, Cavite 4103, Philippines Philippines FS201729470 Appen Butler Hill
Pty Ltd
Canonical Group Limited Affiliates
Entity name Relevant Google Cloud Platform Service(s) Applicable Cloud
Region(s) Activity Country where processing is performed Registered address
Country of registration Company number Parent company
Canonical Holdings Limited Anthos All Technical Support Isle of Man 12-14
Finch Road, Douglas, IM1 2PT, Isle of Man Isle of Man 014840V Canonical Group
Limited
Canonical Limited Anthos All Technical Support Isle of Man 12-14 Finch Road,
Douglas, IM1 2PT, Isle of Man Isle of Man 014839V Canonical Holdings Limited
Canonical Services Limited Anthos All Technical Support Isle of Man 12-14
Finch Road, Douglas, IM1 2PT, Isle of Man Isle of Man 003719V Canonical
Holdings Limited
Canonical UK Limited Anthos All Technical Support United Kingdom 5th Floor,
Blue Fin Building 110 Southwark Street London SE1 0SU United Kingdom United
Kingdom 05055134 Canonical Group Limited
Canonical USA Inc. Anthos All Technical Support United States of America 9 E.
Loockerman Street, Suite 311, Dover, DE 19901 United States of America
26-1194348 (Tax ID) Canonical Group Limited
Canonical Group Limited Taiwan Anthos All Technical Support Taiwan Room D,
46F, No. 7, Xin Yi Rd., Sec.5, Taipei 101, 11049 Taiwan Taiwan 24798961
Canonical Group Limited
Canonical Japan KK Anthos All Technical Support Japan c/o Mazars Japan K.K.,
ATT New Tower 11F, 2-11-7, Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan Japan
2010401125558 Canonical Group Limited
Canonical Canada Ltd Anthos All Technical Support Canada 1000 De la
Gauchetière Street West, Suite 2500, Montreal, Quebec H3B 0A2 Canada
1166351081 Canonical Group Limited
Canonical Brasil Serviços de Software Ltda. Anthos All Technical Support
Brazil Avenida Marquês de São Vicente, 230, Conjunto 1218, sala 05, Barra
Funda, Zip Code 01139-000 São Paulo Brazil CNPJ: 39.993.703/0001-01
Canonical Group Limited
CData Software Inc. Affiliate
Entity name
Relevant Google Cloud Platform Service(s)
Applicable Cloud Region(s)
Activity
Country where processing is performed
Registered address
Country of registration
Company number
Parent company
CData Software India Private Limited
Apigee
All
Technical Support
India
A09, Pride Crosswinds, Pride Vatika Layout, Bukkasagara Village, Bannerghatta
Post, Bangalore, Karnataka, India, 560083
India
U72900KA2020PTC142412
CData Software, Inc.
Cognizant Worldwide Limited Affiliates
Entity name Relevant Google Cloud Platform Service(s) Applicable Cloud
Region(s) Activity Country where processing is performed Registered address
Country of registration Company number Parent company
Cognizant Technology Solutions Argentina S.R.L. All Google Cloud Platform
Services All Technical Support Argentina Tucumán 3720, C1189 AAV, Buenos
Aires, Argentina Argentina 1780740 Cognizant Technology Solutions Corporation
Cognizant Technology Solutions India Private Limited
All Google Cloud Platform Services
Talent Solution, Retail Search
All
Technical Support
Data Labeling
India No. 5/535, Old Mahabalipuram Road, Okkiyam Thoraipakkam Chennai - 600
097, Tamil Nadu India U72300TN1994PTC026590 Cognizant Technology Solutions
Corporation
Cognizant Technology Solutions Ireland Limited All Google Cloud Platform
Services All Technical Support Ireland 39/40 Upper Mount Street, Dublin 2,
Ireland Ireland 358105 Cognizant Technology Solutions Corporation
EPAM Systems, Inc. Affiliates
Entity name Relevant Google Cloud Platform Service(s) Applicable Cloud
Region(s) Activity Country where processing is performed Registered address
Country of registration Company number Parent company
EPAM Systems (Australia) Pty Ltd All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Technical Support Australia Level 19, 68 Pitt Street, Sydney, NSW, 2000,
Australia Australia 166668293 EPAM Systems, Inc.
EPAM Systems Mexico S. de R.L. de C.V. All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Technical Support Mexico Av. Americas 1254, 20th and 21st floors, Country
Club, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico 44610 Mexico ESM1503137K9 (Tax ID) EPAM
Systems, Inc.
EPAM Systems (Poland) sp. z o.o. All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Technical Support Poland ul. Opolska 114, Kraków, MAL 31-323, Poland Poland
KRS 0000390124 EPAM Systems, Inc.
EPAM Systems (Switzerland) GmbH All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Technical Support Switzerland Boulevard Lilienthal 2, Glattpark (Opfikon)
8152, Switzerland Switzerland CHE-114.898.319 EPAM Systems, Inc.
GlobalLogic Inc. Affiliates
Entity name Relevant Google Cloud Platform Service(s) Applicable Cloud
Region(s) Activity Country where processing is performed Registered address
Country of registration Company number Parent company
GlobalLogic Poland Sp z o.o. AI Platform Data Labeling, Human-in-the-Loop AI,
Vertex AI Vision, Vertex AI All Data Labeling Poland Strzegomska 48A,
53-611,Wroclaw,Poland Poland PL894-29-24-978 (Tax ID) GlobalLogic Inc.
HCL America Inc. Affiliate
Entity name Relevant Google Cloud Platform Service(s) Applicable Cloud
Region(s) Activity Country where processing is performed Registered address
Country of registration Company number Parent company
HCL Poland SP. Z.o.o. Transfer Appliance All Technical Support Poland Opolska
Street no. 112, Krakow, Poland Poland 6762347188 (Tax ID) HCL Technologies
Austria GmbH
HCL Technologies Corporate Services Limited Affiliate
Entity name Relevant Service(s) Applicable Cloud Region(s) Activity Country
where processing is performed Registered address Country of registration
Company number Parent company
HCL Technologies Limited Document AI All Technical Support, Data Labeling
India 806, Siddharth, 96, Nehru Place, New Delhi 110 019 India
L74140DL1991PLC046369 HCL Technologies Limited
Infosys Limited Affiliates
Entity name Relevant Service(s) Applicable Cloud Region(s) Activity Country
where processing is performed Registered address Country of registration
Company number Parent company
Infosys Limited All Google Cloud Platform Services All Technical Support Japan
1-6-3 Roppongi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 106-0032 Izumi Garden Wing Japan 470015006268
Infosys Limited
Infosys Limited All Google Cloud Platform Services All Technical Support India
44, Infosys Avenue Electronics City, Hosur Road, Bengaluru 560 100, India
India AAACI4798L Infosys Limited
Infosys Technologies S. de R. L. de C. V All Google Cloud Platform Services
All Technical Support Mexico Boulevard Díaz Ordaz # 130, Corporativo Santa
María Piso 18 Monterrey, Nuevo León,C.P. 64650, México Mexico ITE0706203X7
(Tax ID) Infosys Limited
Productive Playhouse, Inc. Affiliates
Entity name Relevant Google Cloud Platform Service(s) Applicable Cloud
Region(s) Activity Country where processing is performed Registered address
Country of registration Company number Parent company
Productive Playhouse India Private Limited Speech-to-Text All Voice
Transcription India 274/4, Anna Private Industrial Estate, Vilankurichi Road,
Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641035 India U80902TZ2021FTC037635
Productive Playhouse Inc.
Productive Playhouse (Thailand) Ltd.
Speech-to-Text All Voice Transcription Thailand 281/19-23 NST One Building,
Silom Rd. Bang Rak, Bangkok 10500 Thailand 0105564141856 Productive Playhouse
Inc.
Sigma.AI SLU Affiliate
Entity name
Relevant Google Cloud Platform Service(s)
Applicable Cloud Region(s)
Activity
Country where processing is performed
Registered address
Country of registration
Company number
Parent company
Sigma.AI Data Ltd.
Speech-to-Text
All
Voice Transcription
United Kingdom
26-28 Hammersmith Grove, W6 7HA, London, Greater London (UK)
United Kingdom
14202863
Sigma AI Group LLC
Sutherland Global Services Inc. Affiliate
Entity name Relevant Google Cloud Platform Service(s) Applicable Cloud
Region(s) Activity Country where processing is performed Registered address
Country of registration Company number Parent company
SGS Holding de Mexico, S. de R.L. de C.V. All Google Cloud Platform Services
All Technical Support Mexico Av. Prolongacion Dr. Cantu 2777, Pisos 4, 6 y 7,
Col. Los Doctores, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. 64710 Mexico SHM060316I52
(Tax ID) Sutherland Global Services Inc.
SGS Labor de Mexico, S. de R.L. de C.V. All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Technical Support Mexico Av. Prolongacion Dr. Cantu 2777, Pisos 4, 6 y 7, Col.
Los Doctores, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. 64710 Mexico SLM060317LU3 (Tax
ID) SGS Holding de Mexico, S. de R.L. de C.V.
TELUS International AI Inc. Affiliates
Entity name Relevant Google Cloud Platform Service(s) Applicable Cloud
Region(s) Activity Country where processing is performed Registered address
Country of registration Company number Parent company
Lb Ai Finland Oy Speech-to-Text All Voice Transcription Finland Visiokatu 1
33720 Tampere, Finland Finland 3170555-6 TELUS International AI Inc.
Xavient Infotech Private Limited Speech-to-Text All Voice Transcription India
514 DLF Towers B Jasola New Delhi South Delhi – Delhi 110025, India India
U72300DL2010PTC197821 TELUS International AI Inc.
Voxpro Limited
Speech-to-Text
All
Voice Transcription
Ireland
Voxpro House, Unit 6 Riverview Business Park, Blackrock, Co Cork
Ireland
390162
TELUS International Ireland Outsourcing Services Limited
TELUS International Services Limited Affiliates
Entity name Relevant Google Cloud Platform Service(s) Applicable Cloud
Region(s) Activity Country where processing is performed Registered address
Country of registration Company number Parent company
TELUS International Philippines, Inc. All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Technical Support Philippines 31\. Floor Discovery Centre, 25 ADB Ave. Ortigas
Center, Pasig City, Philippines Philippines A200105382 Ambergris Solutions,
Inc.
Transactel El Salvador, S.A. de C.V. All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Technical Support El Salvador Calle Chiltiupan y 17 Avenida Norte; Torre
Transactel; Plaza Merliot; La Libertad; Santa Tecla; El Salvador El Salvador
0614-310506-103-7 (Tax ID) TELUS International Services Limited
Transactel, Sociedad Anonima All Google Cloud Platform Services All Technical
Support Guatemala 18 calle 25-86 zona 10 Edificio Torre Pradera nivel 2.
Guatemala, Guatemala Guatemala 4017225-2 (Tax ID) TELUS International Services
Limited
Webhelp Holding Germany GmbH Affiliate
Entity name Relevant Google Cloud Platform Service(s) Applicable Cloud
Region(s) Activity Country where processing is performed Registered address
Country of registration Company number Parent company
Webhelp Israel LTD All Google Cloud Platform Services All Technical Support
Israel Herzog Tower, 6 Yitzhak Sadeh St., Tel Aviv 6777506, Israel Israel
516485745 Webhelp SAS
Webhelp Japan KK All Google Cloud Platform Services All Technical Support
Japan Tokyo Building Club, 11F, 3-2-6 Kasumigaseki, Chiyudo-ku, Tokyo Japan
0100-01-207779 Webhelp SAS
Webhelp SAC Peru All Google Cloud Platform Services All Technical Support Peru
Calle Santa Inés 115, Urbanización Industrial Santa Rosa, distrito Ate, 15023,
Perú Peru 20606433329 Webhelp Spain Holding S.l
WEBHELP ROMANIA SRL All Google Cloud Platform Services All Technical Support
Romania Str. Dr. Iacob Felix, nr.63-69, et.2, sector 1, București Romania
J40/14080/04.09.2006 Webhelp SAS
Webhelp Spain Business Process Outsourcing, S.L.U. (formerly known as
SELLBYTEL GROUP S.L.) All Google Cloud Platform Services All Technical
Support Spain Avenida Diagonal 197, 08018 Barcelona Spain B59829382 Webhelp
Spain Holding S.l.
Webhelp Americas LLC All Google Cloud Platform Services All Technical Support
United States of America 80 SW 8th Street, Suite 2900, Miami, FL 33130 United
States of America 83-1454340 (Tax ID) Webhelp USA Group Inc.
Google engages the Google Affiliates in the table below to perform limited
activities in connection with the Google Cloud Platform Services. The table
shows what activity each entity performs and indicates if an entity is only
relevant to a specific Service or Region. More information about each activity
is provided directly below. This explains the limited processing of Customer
Data the entity is authorized to perform.
Data Center Operations: Operates and maintains the Google data center and
equipment that stores Customer Data. Subprocessor personnel do not require
access to Customer Data to perform this activity.
Service Maintenance: Software and systems engineering, maintenance and
troubleshooting. In the course of performing this activity the Subprocessor
may require limited, authorized access to Customer Data e.g. to remediate
technical issues.
Technical Support: Customer-initiated technical support:
* in the case of Apigee as described in the Apigee Technical Support Services Guidelines
* in the case of all other Google Cloud Platform Services as described in the Google Cloud Platform Technical Support Service Guidelines
In the course of performing this activity, the Subprocessor may require
limited, authorized access to Customer Data to respond to Customer-initiated
requests.
The ultimate parent company for all Google Group Subprocessors listed below is
Google LLC, which is itself a subsidiary of Alphabet Inc.
Entity name Relevant Google Cloud Platform Service(s) Applicable Cloud
Region(s) Activity Country where processing is performed Registered address
Country of registration Company number
Google Argentina S.R.L. All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
Argentina Alicia M. De Justo 350, 2º Floor Dique IV, Puerto Madero Buenos
Aires, Argentina, C1107AAH Argentina IGJ 1766627
Google Australia Pty Ltd. All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
Australia Tower One - International Towers Sydney Level 46, 100 Barangaroo
Avenue Barangaroo, Australia, NSW 2000 Australia 102 417 032
Google Cloud Australia Pty Ltd All Google Cloud Platform Services Australia
Data Center Operations Australia Tower One - International Towers Sydney Level
46, 100 Barangaroo Avenue Barangaroo, Australia, NSW 2000 Australia 610 798
466
Google Austria GmbH All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
Austria Graben 19/9 Vienna, Austria, 1010 Austria FN 265694b
Crystal Computing SRL All Google Cloud Platform Services
Belgium
All
Data Center Operations
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
Belgium Zone Industrielle de Ghlin Baudour Sud Rue de Ghlin 100 Baudour,
Belgium, 7331 Belgium 0883.073.944
Google Belgium NV All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
Belgium Etterbeekstesteenweg 180 Brussels, Belgium, 1040 Belgium 878 065 378
Google Brasil Internet LTDA. All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
Brazil Avenida Brigadeiro Faria Lima nº 3.477 17º, 18º, 19º e 20º andares
Torre Sul Itaim Bibi, São Paulo, Estado de São Paulo, Brazil, Cep 04538-133
Brazil 35.219.399.204
Google Cloud Brasil Computação e Serviços de Dados Ltda. All Google Cloud
Platform Services
Brazil
All
Data Center Operations
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
Brazil Avenida Brigadeiro Faria Lima 3729, 4o e 5o andares Itaim Bibi, São
Paulo, SP, Brazil, CEP 04538-905 Brazil 35.229.923.517
Google Canada Corporation All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
Canada 1741 Lower Street, Suite 600 Halifax, CAN_NS, Canada, B3J 0J2 Canada
33336763323461
Google Cloud Canada Corporation All Google Cloud Platform Services
Canada
All
Data Center Operations
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
Canada 1741 Lower Street, Suite 600 Halifax, CAN_NS, Canada, B3J 0J2 Canada
3300181
Google Chile Limitada All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
Chile Avda. Andres Bello 2711 Suite 1701 Las Condes, Santiago, Chile Chile
76.714.140-8 (Tax ID)
Inversiones y Servicios Dataluna Limitada All Google Cloud Platform Services
Chile Data Center Operations Chile Avda. Andres Bello 2711 Suite 1701 Las
Condes, Santiago, Chile Chile 76.117.026-0 (Tax ID)
Google Denmark ApS All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
Denmark Sankt Petri Passage 5, 2 København K, Denmark, 1165 Denmark 28866984
Google Finland Oy All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
Finland Mannerheimintie 12 B Helsinki, Finland, 00100 Finland 0907346-8
Tuike Finland Oy All Google Cloud Platform Services Finland Data Center
Operations Finland Ensontie 1 Hamina, Finland, 49420 Finland 2206071-7
Google Cloud France SARL All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
France
8 Rue de Londres Paris, France, 75009
France
881 721 583
Google France SARL All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
France 8 Rue de Londres Paris, France, 75009 France 443 061 841
Tricolore Computing SARL
All Google Cloud Platform Services
France
Data Center Operations
France
8 Rue de Londres Paris, France, 75009
France
881 735 245
Google Germany GmbH All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
Germany ABC-Strasse 19 Hamburg, Germany, 20354 Germany HRB 86891
Redtec Computing GmbH All Google Cloud Platform Services Germany Data Center
Operations Germany ABC-Strasse 19 Hamburg, Germany, 20354 Germany HRB 141935
Allied Trade Holdings Limited All Google Cloud Platform Services Hong Kong
Data Center Operations Hong Kong 14th Floor, One Taikoo Place 979 King's Road
Quarry Bay Hong Kong, Hong Kong Hong Kong 1432445
GOC Services India Private Limited All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
India Meenakshi Technova Survey No.116,117,119,128/AA, 129, Road No.2,
Financial District, Nanakramguda Serilingampally Mandal Hyderabad (TG), India,
500032 India U72900TG2019FTC129995
Google Cloud India Private Limited All Google Cloud Platform Services
All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
India
5th Floor, DLF Centre, Block-124 Narindra Place, Sansad Marg New Delhi 110001
India
India U72900DL2016FTC376206
Google India Pvt. Ltd. All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
India No. 3, RMZ Infinity – Tower E Old Madras Road 4th & 5th Floors
Bangalore, India, 560 016 India U72900KA2003PTC033028
Google IT Services India Private Limited All Google Cloud Platform Services
All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
India
Bagmane Constellation Business Park 11th-12th Floor, Carina-West Tower
Bangalore 560048 India
India U72900KA2020FTC131867
Raiden Infotech India Private Limited All Google Cloud Platform Services
India
All
Data Center Operations
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
India
Unit No. 9, Corporate Park II, 9th Floor VN Purav Marg Regus Chembur,
Maharashtra Mumbai, India, 400071
India U72502MH2020FTC346777
PT Google Cloud Indonesia All Google Cloud Platform Services
Indonesia
All
Data Center Operations
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
Indonesia 45th Floor, Pacific Century Place SCBD, Lot 10, Jl. Jenderal
Sudirman Kavling 52-53 Jakarta, Indonesia Indonesia 8120216211091
Google Cloud EMEA Limited All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
Ireland 70 Sir John Rogersons Quay Dublin , Ireland, 2 Ireland 660412
Google Ireland Ltd. All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
Ireland Gordon House, Barrow Street Dublin, Ireland, 4 Ireland 368047
Google Israel Ltd. All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
Israel Electra Tower 98 Yigal Alon Street Tel Aviv, Israel, 6789141 Israel
513695478
Google Cloud Israel Ltd.
All Google Cloud Platform Services
Israel
Data Center Operations
Israel
Electra Tower 98 Yigal Alon Street Tel Aviv, Israel, 6789141
Israel
516371432
Google Italy S.r.l. All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
Italy Via Federico Confalonieri 4, 20124, Milan, Italy Italy 3660670963
Google Cloud Italy S.r.l.
All Google Cloud Platform Services
All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
Italy
Via Federico Confalonieri 4, 20124, Milan, Italy
Italy
MI- 2590058
Turquoise Computing S.r.l.
All Google Cloud Platform Services
Italy
Data Center Operations
Italy
Via Federico Confalonieri 4, 20124, Milan, Italy
Italy
MI- 2590068
Google Cloud Japan G.K. All Google Cloud Platform Services
Japan
All
Data Center Operations
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
Japan Roppongi Hills Mori Tower, 10-1 Roppongi 6-chome, Minato-ku Tokyo,
Japan, 106-6126 Japan 0100-03-022051
Google Japan G.K. All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
Japan Shibuya Stream, 21-3, Shibuya 3-chome, Shibuya-ku Tokyo, Japan, 150-0002
Japan 0104-01-089234
Google Cloud Arabia Limited All Google Cloud Platform Services
Saudi Arabia
Data Center Operations
Saudi Arabia
Kingdom Centre 28th Floor PO Box 230888 Riyadh Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia 1010734675
Google Cloud Korea LLC All Google Cloud Platform Services
South Korea
All
Data Center Operations
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
South Korea 20th Floor Yeoksam-dong Gangnam Finance Center 152 Teheran-ro,
Gangnam-gu Seoul, South Korea South Korea 110114 - 0217817
Google Korea, LLC. All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
South Korea 22nd Floor Gangnam Finance Center 152 Teheran-ro, Gangnam-gu
Seoul, Korea, 06236 South Korea 110114-0047545
Google Malaysia Sdn. Bhd. All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
Malaysia Level 21, Suite 21.01, The Gardens South Tower Mid Valley City,
Lingkaran Syed Putra Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 59200 Malaysia 822412-M
Google Netherlands B.V. All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
Netherlands Claude Debussylaan 34, 15th Floor Amsterdam, Netherlands, 1082 MD
Netherlands 34198589
Green Box Computing B.V. All Google Cloud Platform Services Netherlands Data
Center Operations Netherlands Oostpolder 4 Eemshaven, Netherlands, 9979 XT
Netherlands 58465197
Google New Zealand Limited All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
New Zealand Level 27, Lumley Centre 88 Shortland Street Auckland, New Zealand
New Zealand 1786635
GOC Philippines, Inc. All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
Philippines Unit 25-B Net Lima, 5th Avenue Corner 26th Street, Fort Bonifacio,
Taguig City, NCR, Fourth District Taguig, Philippines Philippines CS201901344
Google Cloud Poland Sp. z o.o. All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
Poland ul. Emilii Plater no. 53 Warsaw, Poland, 00-113 Poland 0000840059
Google Poland SP. z.o.o. All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
Poland ul. Emilii Plater no. 53 Warsaw, Poland, 00-113 Poland 0000240611
Topaz Computing Sp. z o.o. All Google Cloud Platform Services Poland Data
Center Operations Poland ul. Emilii Plater no. 53 Warsaw, Poland, 00-113
Poland 384963399
GGLE Portugal Lda All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
Portugal Rua Duque de Palmela 37 Level 4 Lisbon , Portugal, 1250-097 Portugal
508099978
Google Cloud Qatar QFZ LLC
All Google Cloud Platform Services
Qatar
Data Center Operations
Qatar
Coworking space 34 Business and Innovation Park Ras Bufontas Free Zone Doha,
Qatar
Qatar
001
Google Asia Pacific Pte Ltd. All Google Cloud Platform Services
Singapore
All
Data Center Operations
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
Singapore 8 Marina Boulevard #05-02 Marina Bay Financial Centre Singapore,
Singapore, 018981 Singapore 200817984R
Google Slovakia, s.r.o. All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
Slovakia Karadzicova 8/A 821 08 Bratislava, Slovakia Slovakia 45 947 597
Google Spain S.L. All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
Spain Plaza Pablo Ruiz Picasso 1 Torre Picasso, Planta 26 Madrid, Spain, 28020
Spain B-63272603
Yeso Computing, S.L.U.
All Google Cloud Platform Services
Spain
Data Center Operations
Spain Plaza Pablo Ruiz Picasso 1 Torre Picasso, Planta 26 Madrid, Spain, 28020
Spain
B01917020
Google Sweden AB All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
Sweden Kungsbron 2 Stockholm, Sweden, 111 22 Sweden 556656 – 6880
Citrine Computing GmbH All Google Cloud Platform Services Switzerland Data
Center Operations Switzerland
Brandschenkestrasse 110 Zurich, Switzerland, 8002
Switzerland CHE-238.548.365
Google Switzerland GmbH. All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
Switzerland Brandschenkestrasse 110 Zurich, Switzerland, 8002 Switzerland
CHE-110.474.423
Charter Investments Limited All Google Cloud Platform Services Taiwan Data
Center Operations Taiwan 15/F, 168 Dunhua North Road, Songshan District
Taipei, Taiwan, 105 Taiwan 53104757
Google Taiwan Limited All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
Taiwan 15F., No. 168, Dunhua N. Rd. Songshan Dist. Taipei City, Taiwan R.O.C.,
105 Taiwan 54670929
Global Infrastructure UK Limited All Google Cloud Platform Services United
Kingdom Data Center Operations United Kingdom 5 New Street Square London,
United Kingdom, EC4A 3TW United Kingdom 10031299
Google UK Ltd. All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
United Kingdom Belgrave House, 76 Buckingham Palace Road London, United
Kingdom, SW1W 9TQ United Kingdom 3977902
Apigee Corporation Apigee All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
United States of America Corporation Service Company 251 Little Falls Drive
Wilmington, DE, United States, 19808 United States of America 3810517
Design, LLC All Google Cloud Platform Services United States of America Data
Center Operations United States of America Corporation Service Company 251
Little Falls Drive Wilmington DE, 19808 United States United States of America
3888193
Firebase, Inc. Firebase Services All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
United States of America Corporation Service Company 251 Little Falls Drive
Wilmington, DE, United States, 19808 United States of America 4871239
GOC International LLC All Google Cloud Platform Services All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
United States of America 251 Little Falls Drive Wilmington DE, 19808 United
States United States of America 7119843
Google LLC All Google Cloud Platform Services
United States of America
All
Data Center Operations
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
United States of America Corporation Service Company 251 Little Falls Drive
Wilmington, DE, United States, 19808 United States of America 3582691
Looker Data Sciences, Inc. Looker Services All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
United States of America Corporation Service Company 251 Little Falls Drive
Wilmington, DE, United States, 19808 United States of America 5092908
Orbitera Inc. Orbitera Services All
Service Maintenance
Technical Support
United States of America Corporation Service Company 251 Little Falls Drive
Wilmington, DE, United States, 19808 United States of America 5198177
Subprocessors for Cloud Identity Services are listed
at https://workspace.google.com/intl/en/terms/subprocessors.html.
For customers using Google-Managed Multi-Cloud Services, to provide such
Google-Managed Multi-Cloud Services, Google and its affiliates will engage the
Multi-Cloud Service Third-Party Providers listed at
https://cloud.google.com/terms/mcs-providers.
Previous versions (Last modified February 7, 2023)
January 26, 2023 January 12, 2023 December 13, 2022 September 8, 2022
August 31, 2022 August 4, 2022 June 13, 2022 May 5, 2022 April 26, 2022
March 31, 2022 March 24, 2022 January 20, 2022 December 9, 2021 November
9, 2021 October 8, 2021 January 26, 2023 September 21, 2021 September 2,
2021 August 12, 2021 July 8, 2021 June 10, 2021 May 11, 2021 May 4, 2021
April 15, 2021 March 25, 2021 February 11, 2021 February 4, 2021 December
10, 2020 December 3, 2020 November 12, 2020 October 26, 2020 October 1,
2020 September 14, 2020 April 27, 2020 February 27, 2020 January 30, 2020
January 6, 2020 December 9, 2019 November 20, 2019 September 16, 2019
March 7, 2019 February 5, 2019 December 6, 2018 September 3, 2018 August
2, 2018 May 24, 2018 May 15, 2018 March 29, 2018 December 14, 2017
November 23, 2017 November 8, 2017 September 13, 2017 June 20, 2017
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spiderum_text/2019 | hf://datasets/joey234/vi_crawl@bdf9397f4c6d6757cec6309eca69d8254b1da78f/vi_web_crawl.tar.gz.aa |
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Tathang90
# Tathang90
Cấp thành viênCấp độ thành viên Tinhte.vn ĐẠI BÀNG
Tuổi tinhte:5 năm
Bài đã đăng:0
Lượt Like:49
Lượt theo dõi:0
* Tường nhà
* Album và ảnh
Huy hiệu đạt đượcXem thêm
Tinhte Quest - Tinhte nhiệm vụ
Fact đã tạoXem tất cả
* * *
Bài viết đang ghim
Từ danh sách bài đã viết bên dưới chọn → Ghim bài viết
* * *
Chủ đề bài đã viết
1. Tin mới
2. Sản phẩm công nghệ mới
3. Khuyến mãi
4. Sự kiện
5. Video
1. ### Tinh tế
1. Nội quy diễn đàn
2. Thỏa thuận sử dụng dịch vụ
3. Góp ý
4. Hỗ trợ, hướng dẫn
5. Liên hệ quảng cáo
6. Tinh tế RSS
2. ### Cộng đồng
1. Điện thoại
2. Máy tính
3. Camera
4. Xe
5. Khoa học công nghệ
3. ### Nhật Tảo
1. Mua bán điện thoại
2. Mua bán máy tính
3. Mua bán máy tính bảng
4. Mua bán camera
5. Mua bán đồng hồ thông minh
6. Mua bán xe
7. Mua bán điện máy
8. Mua bán sim, sim 3G
4. ### Liên kết
1. Cà phê Tinh tế
2. Khắc tên
3. ChiMua.vn
4. 1Tudien
5. NhacCuaTui
6. 5Giay
7. Webtretho
8. Biker Vietnam
5. ### Theo dõi chúng tôi
1. Facebook
2. Youtube
3. Flickr
4. Twitter
5. Google+
* Chịu trách nhiệm nội dung: Trần Mạnh Hiệp
* © 2023 Công ty Cổ phần MXH Tinh Tế
* Địa chỉ: Số 70 Bà Huyện Thanh Quan, P. Võ Thị Sáu, Quận 3, TPHCM
* Số điện thoại: 02862713156
* MST: 0313255119
* Giấy phép thiết lập MXH số 11/GP-BTTTT, Ký ngày: 08/01/2019
*[favicon]: Favorite Icon
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born
*[lit.]: literal translation
*[dd]: day
*[mm]: month
*[yyyy]: year
*[m.]: married
*[Q & A]: questions and answers
*[(?)]: If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!
*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[CL]: classifier
*[transl.]: translation
*[1SG]: first person, singular
*[3SG]: third person, singular
*[POT]: potential mood
*[PST]: past tense
*[PRF]: perfect
*[FUT]: future tense
*[PASS]: passive voice
*[SSGA18]: Statistical Standard for Geographic Areas 2018
*[No.]: Number
*[Max.]: Maximum
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
*[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication
*[d]: Discutir esta predefinição
*[D]: Depressions
*[CS]: Cyclonic storms
*[SCS]: Severe cyclonic storms
*[DD]: Deep depressions
*[VSCS]: Very severe cyclonic storms
*[ESCS]: Extremely severe cyclonic storms
*[SuCS]: Super cyclonic storms
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