Datasets:

PranavHarshan

/

sharegpt_formatted_pubmed_rct

like 0

[ "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS", "BACKGROUND" ]

[ "the organ care system is the only clinical platform for ex-vivo perfusion of human donor hearts .", "the system preserves the donor heart in a warm beating state during transport from the donor hospital to the recipient hospital .", "we aimed to assess the clinical outcomes of the organ care system compared with standard cold storage of human donor hearts for transplantation .", "we did this prospective , open-label , multicentre , randomised non-inferiority trial at ten heart-transplant centres in the usa and europe .", "eligible heart-transplant candidates ( aged > @ years ) were randomly assigned ( @:@ ) to receive donor hearts preserved with either the organ care system or standard cold storage .", "participants , investigators , and medical staff were not masked to group assignment .", "the primary endpoint was @ day patient and graft survival , with a @ % non-inferiority margin .", "we did analyses in the intention-to-treat , as-treated , and per-protocol populations .", "this trial is registered with clinicaltrials.gov , number nct@ .", "between june @ , @ , and sept @ , @ , we randomly assigned @ patients to the organ care system group ( n = @ ) or the standard cold storage group ( n = @ ) .", "@ day patient and graft survival rates were @ % ( n = @ ) in the organ care system group and @ % ( n = @ ) in the standard cold storage group ( difference @ % , one-sided @ % upper confidence bound @ ; p = @ ) .", "eight ( @ % ) patients in the organ care system group and nine ( @ % ) patients in the standard cold storage group had cardiac-related serious adverse events .", "heart transplantation using donor hearts adequately preserved with the organ care system or with standard cold storage yield similar short-term clinical outcomes .", "the metabolic assessment capability of the organ care system needs further study .", "transmedics ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['the organ care system is the only clinical platform for ex-vivo perfusion of human donor hearts .', 'the system preserves the donor heart in a warm beating state during transport from the donor hospital to the recipient hospital .', 'we aimed to assess the clinical outcomes of the organ care system compared with standard cold storage of human donor hearts for transplantation .', 'we did this prospective , open-label , multicentre , randomised non-inferiority trial at ten heart-transplant centres in the usa and europe .', 'eligible heart-transplant candidates ( aged > @ years ) were randomly assigned ( @:@ ) to receive donor hearts preserved with either the organ care system or standard cold storage .', 'participants , investigators , and medical staff were not masked to group assignment .', 'the primary endpoint was @ day patient and graft survival , with a @ % non-inferiority margin .', 'we did analyses in the intention-to-treat , as-treated , and per-protocol populations .', 'this trial is registered with clinicaltrials.gov , number nct@ .', 'between june @ , @ , and sept @ , @ , we randomly assigned @ patients to the organ care system group ( n = @ ) or the standard cold storage group ( n = @ ) .', '@ day patient and graft survival rates were @ % ( n = @ ) in the organ care system group and @ % ( n = @ ) in the standard cold storage group ( difference @ % , one-sided @ % upper confidence bound @ ; p = @ ) .', 'eight ( @ % ) patients in the organ care system group and nine ( @ % ) patients in the standard cold storage group had cardiac-related serious adverse events .', 'heart transplantation using donor hearts adequately preserved with the organ care system or with standard cold storage yield similar short-term clinical outcomes .', 'the metabolic assessment capability of the organ care system needs further study .', 'transmedics .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'BACKGROUND']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "this study compared the efficacy , safety , device satisfaction , and quality of life ( qol ) in people with diabetes using an insulin bolus-patch versus current devices ( pen/syringe ) to deliver mealtime insulin .", "thirty-eight subjects with diabetes ( @ with type @ and @ with type @ ) were randomized to bolus-patch or current injection device ( @ % pen and @ % syringe ) to deliver mealtime insulin in a multicenter , @-week crossover study .", "efficacy was assessed by equivalence in mean daily seven-point blood glucose ( mdbg ) .", "safety assessments included severe hypoglycemia episodes , adverse device effects ( ades ) , and adverse events ( aes ) .", "device satisfaction was determined by the validated insulin delivery system rating questionnaire ( idsrq ) and qol by the validated diabetes specific qol scale ( dsqols ) .", "using bolus-patch , mdbg ( meanse ) was equivalent to that using pen/syringe ( @ vs. @ mmol/l ; p = @ ) .", "sd of the seven-point blood glucose measurements was lower using bolus-patch ( @ vs. @ mmol/l ; p = @ ) , as was the coefficient of variation ( cv ) ( @ vs. @ % ; p = @ ) .", "hemoglobin a@c , @,@-anhydroglucitol , fructosamine , and insulin use were similar between groups .", "there were no severe hypoglycemia episodes or serious ades .", "between-device aes were comparable .", "subjects scored better on six of seven subscales on the dsqols and five of six subscales on the idsrq while using bolus-patch versus pen/syringe .", "at study completion , @ % of subjects would choose to switch to bolus-patch ( p = @ ) .", "delivery of mealtime insulin with bolus-patch compared with pen/syringe resulted in equivalent mdbg , lower sd and cv of seven-point blood glucose measurements , good safety , significant device satisfaction , and improved qol ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['this study compared the efficacy , safety , device satisfaction , and quality of life ( qol ) in people with diabetes using an insulin bolus-patch versus current devices ( pen/syringe ) to deliver mealtime insulin .', 'thirty-eight subjects with diabetes ( @ with type @ and @ with type @ ) were randomized to bolus-patch or current injection device ( @ % pen and @ % syringe ) to deliver mealtime insulin in a multicenter , @-week crossover study .', 'efficacy was assessed by equivalence in mean daily seven-point blood glucose ( mdbg ) .', 'safety assessments included severe hypoglycemia episodes , adverse device effects ( ades ) , and adverse events ( aes ) .', 'device satisfaction was determined by the validated insulin delivery system rating questionnaire ( idsrq ) and qol by the validated diabetes specific qol scale ( dsqols ) .', 'using bolus-patch , mdbg ( meanse ) was equivalent to that using pen/syringe ( @ vs. @ mmol/l ; p = @ ) .', 'sd of the seven-point blood glucose measurements was lower using bolus-patch ( @ vs. @ mmol/l ; p = @ ) , as was the coefficient of variation ( cv ) ( @ vs. @ % ; p = @ ) .', 'hemoglobin a@c , @,@-anhydroglucitol , fructosamine , and insulin use were similar between groups .', 'there were no severe hypoglycemia episodes or serious ades .', 'between-device aes were comparable .', 'subjects scored better on six of seven subscales on the dsqols and five of six subscales on the idsrq while using bolus-patch versus pen/syringe .', 'at study completion , @ % of subjects would choose to switch to bolus-patch ( p = @ ) .', 'delivery of mealtime insulin with bolus-patch compared with pen/syringe resulted in equivalent mdbg , lower sd and cv of seven-point blood glucose measurements , good safety , significant device satisfaction , and improved qol .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "this analysis describes the outreach-assisted model of partner notification , an innovative strategy for encouraging seropositive injecting drug users ( idus ) to inform their partners of shared human immunodeficiency virus ( hiv ) exposure .", "the analysis focuses on two core components of the notification process : the identification of at-risk partners and preferences for self-tell vs. outreach assistance in informing partners of possible exposure to the virus .", "using community outreach techniques , @ idus were recruited for hiv pretest counseling , testing , and partner notification over a @-month period .", "of these , @ tested hiv seropositive , and all but three returned for their test results .", "the @ who were informed of their serostatus were randomly assigned to either a minimal or an enhanced intervention condition .", "participants assigned to the minimal ( self-tell ) group were strongly encouraged to inform their partners of possible exposure .", "those assigned to the enhanced ( outreach-assisted ) group had the option of either informing one or more of their partner ( s ) themselves or choosing to have the project 's outreach team do so .", "together , the @ index persons who received their results provided names or at least one piece of locating information for a total of @ partners with whom they perceived having shared possible exposure to the virus within the past five years .", "by itself , drug use accounted for half of all partners named .", "sexual behavior alone accounted for @ % of named partners .", "eighty-two percent of the enhanced group preferred to have the outreach team tell at least one partner ; the team was requested to notify @ % of the total number of partners whom this group named .", "findings suggest that idus want to notify their partners of shared hiv exposure .", "outreach assistance was the preferred mode in the majority of cases .", "expanding traditional community-based hiv outreach activities to include delivering street-based counseling , test , a partner notification appears to be a positive and workable prevention strategy ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['this analysis describes the outreach-assisted model of partner notification , an innovative strategy for encouraging seropositive injecting drug users ( idus ) to inform their partners of shared human immunodeficiency virus ( hiv ) exposure .', 'the analysis focuses on two core components of the notification process : the identification of at-risk partners and preferences for self-tell vs. outreach assistance in informing partners of possible exposure to the virus .', 'using community outreach techniques , @ idus were recruited for hiv pretest counseling , testing , and partner notification over a @-month period .', 'of these , @ tested hiv seropositive , and all but three returned for their test results .', 'the @ who were informed of their serostatus were randomly assigned to either a minimal or an enhanced intervention condition .', 'participants assigned to the minimal ( self-tell ) group were strongly encouraged to inform their partners of possible exposure .', \"those assigned to the enhanced ( outreach-assisted ) group had the option of either informing one or more of their partner ( s ) themselves or choosing to have the project 's outreach team do so .\", 'together , the @ index persons who received their results provided names or at least one piece of locating information for a total of @ partners with whom they perceived having shared possible exposure to the virus within the past five years .', 'by itself , drug use accounted for half of all partners named .', 'sexual behavior alone accounted for @ % of named partners .', 'eighty-two percent of the enhanced group preferred to have the outreach team tell at least one partner ; the team was requested to notify @ % of the total number of partners whom this group named .', 'findings suggest that idus want to notify their partners of shared hiv exposure .', 'outreach assistance was the preferred mode in the majority of cases .', 'expanding traditional community-based hiv outreach activities to include delivering street-based counseling , test , a partner notification appears to be a positive and workable prevention strategy .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "postoperative supraventricular arrhythmias ( sva ) are common after pulmonary resection and autonomic imbalance is thought to be one of the triggers .", "opioids can increase parasympathetic activity and may balance heightened sympathetic tone after operation .", "we have examined the effect of postoperative patient-controlled analgesia ( pca ) with opioids on postoperative sva .", "forty-eight patients were randomly assigned to two groups .", "the ga group received general anaesthesia pca and pca with opioids ( fentanyl @ microg ml ( -@ ) and tramadol @ mg ml ( -@ ) ) .", "the gea group received combined general/epidural anaesthesia plus patient-controlled epidural analgesia ( pcea ) .", "holter recording was completed for @ h before operation and @ and @ h after operation .", "the incidence of supraventricular tachycardias ( svt ) , atrial fibrillation , and supraventricular ectopic beats ( svebs ) was evaluated .", "the incidence of postoperative svt was significantly lower in the ga group than in the gea group ( @/@ vs @/@ , p = @ ) .", "the incidence of postoperative svebs was not statistically different between the groups , but the frequency of postoperative svebs increased less in the ga than the gea group ( @/@ vs @/@ , p = @ ) .", "pca with opioids ( fentanyl and tramadol ) can reduce postoperative sva after pulmonary resection compared with pcea with ropivacaine ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['postoperative supraventricular arrhythmias ( sva ) are common after pulmonary resection and autonomic imbalance is thought to be one of the triggers .', 'opioids can increase parasympathetic activity and may balance heightened sympathetic tone after operation .', 'we have examined the effect of postoperative patient-controlled analgesia ( pca ) with opioids on postoperative sva .', 'forty-eight patients were randomly assigned to two groups .', 'the ga group received general anaesthesia pca and pca with opioids ( fentanyl @ microg ml ( -@ ) and tramadol @ mg ml ( -@ ) ) .', 'the gea group received combined general/epidural anaesthesia plus patient-controlled epidural analgesia ( pcea ) .', 'holter recording was completed for @ h before operation and @ and @ h after operation .', 'the incidence of supraventricular tachycardias ( svt ) , atrial fibrillation , and supraventricular ectopic beats ( svebs ) was evaluated .', 'the incidence of postoperative svt was significantly lower in the ga group than in the gea group ( @/@ vs @/@ , p = @ ) .', 'the incidence of postoperative svebs was not statistically different between the groups , but the frequency of postoperative svebs increased less in the ga than the gea group ( @/@ vs @/@ , p = @ ) .', 'pca with opioids ( fentanyl and tramadol ) can reduce postoperative sva after pulmonary resection compared with pcea with ropivacaine .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "epidemiologic data demonstrate that moderate alcohol intake is associated with improved insulin sensitivity in nondiabetic individuals .", "no controlled-diet studies have addressed the effects of daily moderate alcohol consumption on fasting insulin and glucose concentrations and insulin sensitivity .", "to determine whether daily consumption of low to moderate amounts of alcohol influences fasting insulin and glucose concentrations and insulin sensitivity in nondiabetic postmenopausal women .", "randomized controlled crossover trial of @ healthy postmenopausal women , conducted at a clinical research center in maryland between @ and @ .", "participants were randomly assigned to consume @ , @ , or @ g/d of alcohol for @ weeks each as part of a controlled diet .", "all foods and beverages were provided during the intervention .", "an isocaloric beverage was provided in the @-g/d arm .", "energy intake was adjusted to maintain constant body weight .", "fasting insulin , triglyceride , and glucose concentrations , measured at the end of each dietary period ; insulin sensitivity , estimated with a published index of glucose disposal rate corrected for fat-free mass based on fasting insulin and fasting triglyceride concentrations , compared among treatments with a mixed-model analysis of variance .", "a complete set of plasma samples was collected and analyzed for @ women who completed all diet treatments .", "consumption of @ g/d of alcohol compared with @ g/d reduced fasting insulin concentration by @ % ( p = @ ) and triglyceride concentration by @ % ( p = @ ) , and increased insulin sensitivity by @ % ( p = @ ) .", "normal-weight , overweight , and obese individuals responded similarly .", "only fasting triglyceride concentration was significantly reduced when comparing @ and @ g/d of alcohol ( @ % ; p = @ ) , and no difference was found between consumption of @ and @ g/d of alcohol ; however , there was a significant linear trend ( p = @ ) .", "fasting glucose concentrations were not different across treatments .", "consumption of @ g/d of alcohol ( @ drinks per day ) has beneficial effects on insulin and triglyceride concentrations and insulin sensitivity in nondiabetic postmenopausal women ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['epidemiologic data demonstrate that moderate alcohol intake is associated with improved insulin sensitivity in nondiabetic individuals .', 'no controlled-diet studies have addressed the effects of daily moderate alcohol consumption on fasting insulin and glucose concentrations and insulin sensitivity .', 'to determine whether daily consumption of low to moderate amounts of alcohol influences fasting insulin and glucose concentrations and insulin sensitivity in nondiabetic postmenopausal women .', 'randomized controlled crossover trial of @ healthy postmenopausal women , conducted at a clinical research center in maryland between @ and @ .', 'participants were randomly assigned to consume @ , @ , or @ g/d of alcohol for @ weeks each as part of a controlled diet .', 'all foods and beverages were provided during the intervention .', 'an isocaloric beverage was provided in the @-g/d arm .', 'energy intake was adjusted to maintain constant body weight .', 'fasting insulin , triglyceride , and glucose concentrations , measured at the end of each dietary period ; insulin sensitivity , estimated with a published index of glucose disposal rate corrected for fat-free mass based on fasting insulin and fasting triglyceride concentrations , compared among treatments with a mixed-model analysis of variance .', 'a complete set of plasma samples was collected and analyzed for @ women who completed all diet treatments .', 'consumption of @ g/d of alcohol compared with @ g/d reduced fasting insulin concentration by @ % ( p = @ ) and triglyceride concentration by @ % ( p = @ ) , and increased insulin sensitivity by @ % ( p = @ ) .', 'normal-weight , overweight , and obese individuals responded similarly .', 'only fasting triglyceride concentration was significantly reduced when comparing @ and @ g/d of alcohol ( @ % ; p = @ ) , and no difference was found between consumption of @ and @ g/d of alcohol ; however , there was a significant linear trend ( p = @ ) .', 'fasting glucose concentrations were not different across treatments .', 'consumption of @ g/d of alcohol ( @ drinks per day ) has beneficial effects on insulin and triglyceride concentrations and insulin sensitivity in nondiabetic postmenopausal women .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "previous studies have presented contradictory data concerning obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome ( osas ) , lipid oxidation and nitric oxide ( no ) bioavailability .", "this study was undertaken to ( @ ) compare the concentration of @-isoprostane and total nitrate and nitrite ( nox ) in plasma of middle-aged men with osas and no other known co-morbidity and healthy controls of the same age , gender and body mass index ; and ( @ ) test the hypothesis that nasal continuous positive airway pressure ( cpap ) therapy attenuates oxidative stress and nitrate deficiency .", "a prospective , randomised , placebo controlled , double-blind , crossover study was performed in @ consecutive middle-aged men with newly diagnosed osas and @ healthy control subjects .", "patients with osas were randomised to receive sham cpap or effective cpap for @ weeks .", "blood pressure , urinary catecholamine levels and plasma @-isoprostane and nox concentrations were obtained before and after both treatment modalities .", "patients with osas had significantly higher @-isoprostane levels ( median ( iqr ) @ ( @-@ @ ) vs @ ( @-@ @ ) pg/ml , p = @ , mann-whitney test ) and lower nox levels ( @ ( @-@ ) vs @ ( @-@ ) micromol/l , p = @ ) than healthy subjects .", "body mass index , blood pressure and urinary catecholamines were unchanged by cpap therapy , but @-isoprostane concentrations decreased ( @ ( @-@ @ ) pg/ml at baseline vs @ ( @-@ @ ) pg/ml on cpap , p = @ ) and nox levels increased ( @ ( @-@ ) vs @ ( @-@ ) micromol/l , p = @ ) after cpap .", "osas is associated with an increase in oxidative stress and a decrease in nox that is normalised by cpap therapy ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['previous studies have presented contradictory data concerning obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome ( osas ) , lipid oxidation and nitric oxide ( no ) bioavailability .', 'this study was undertaken to ( @ ) compare the concentration of @-isoprostane and total nitrate and nitrite ( nox ) in plasma of middle-aged men with osas and no other known co-morbidity and healthy controls of the same age , gender and body mass index ; and ( @ ) test the hypothesis that nasal continuous positive airway pressure ( cpap ) therapy attenuates oxidative stress and nitrate deficiency .', 'a prospective , randomised , placebo controlled , double-blind , crossover study was performed in @ consecutive middle-aged men with newly diagnosed osas and @ healthy control subjects .', 'patients with osas were randomised to receive sham cpap or effective cpap for @ weeks .', 'blood pressure , urinary catecholamine levels and plasma @-isoprostane and nox concentrations were obtained before and after both treatment modalities .', 'patients with osas had significantly higher @-isoprostane levels ( median ( iqr ) @ ( @-@ @ ) vs @ ( @-@ @ ) pg/ml , p = @ , mann-whitney test ) and lower nox levels ( @ ( @-@ ) vs @ ( @-@ ) micromol/l , p = @ ) than healthy subjects .', 'body mass index , blood pressure and urinary catecholamines were unchanged by cpap therapy , but @-isoprostane concentrations decreased ( @ ( @-@ @ ) pg/ml at baseline vs @ ( @-@ @ ) pg/ml on cpap , p = @ ) and nox levels increased ( @ ( @-@ ) vs @ ( @-@ ) micromol/l , p = @ ) after cpap .', 'osas is associated with an increase in oxidative stress and a decrease in nox that is normalised by cpap therapy .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "to study the effect of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate ( dheas ) treatment of osteoporosis in men with t ( bmd ) > or = @ sd .", "eighty-six patients were randomly divided into two groups : treatment group ( n = @ ) and control group ( n = @ ) .", "dheas ( @ mg q.d. ) was given to the treatment group for @ months .", "bone mineral density , ( bmd ) , biochemical markers of bone absorption and formation and other serum biochemical markers were measured before and after dheas treatment .", "drug side effects were also evaluated .", "after oral administration of dheas ( @ mg q.d. ) for @ months , the serum concentrations of dheas and igf-i in the treatment group were @ % + / - @ % and @ % + / - @ % higher respectively than those in the control group ( p < @ ) .", "the bmd of l@ , l@ , l@ , l@ - @ and neck sections increased in the treatment group by @ % + / - @ % , @ % + / - @ % , @ % + / - @ % , @ % + / - @ % and @ % + / - @ % , respectively , as compared with that the control group ( p < @ or @ ) .", "no significant changes were observed in serum ft , e ( @ ) and psa concentrations in the treatment group as compared with the control group .", "the treatment of osteoporosis in men with dheas is safe and effective ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['to study the effect of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate ( dheas ) treatment of osteoporosis in men with t ( bmd ) > or = @ sd .', 'eighty-six patients were randomly divided into two groups : treatment group ( n = @ ) and control group ( n = @ ) .', 'dheas ( @ mg q.d. ) was given to the treatment group for @ months .', 'bone mineral density , ( bmd ) , biochemical markers of bone absorption and formation and other serum biochemical markers were measured before and after dheas treatment .', 'drug side effects were also evaluated .', 'after oral administration of dheas ( @ mg q.d. ) for @ months , the serum concentrations of dheas and igf-i in the treatment group were @ % + / - @ % and @ % + / - @ % higher respectively than those in the control group ( p < @ ) .', 'the bmd of l@ , l@ , l@ , l@ - @ and neck sections increased in the treatment group by @ % + / - @ % , @ % + / - @ % , @ % + / - @ % , @ % + / - @ % and @ % + / - @ % , respectively , as compared with that the control group ( p < @ or @ ) .', 'no significant changes were observed in serum ft , e ( @ ) and psa concentrations in the treatment group as compared with the control group .', 'the treatment of osteoporosis in men with dheas is safe and effective .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "the intramuscular use of beta interferon has been tested in the treatment of chronic hepatitis c , but it did not prove effective when the schedule was @ million units three times a week for six months .", "since the lack of effectiveness of this treatment might be due to the low bioavailability of beta interferon when administered intramuscularly , we tested a higher dosage of the drug : @ million units three times a week for twelve months .", "ninety-two patients were randomized to receive , intramuscularly , either @ or @ million units of natural human fibroblast beta interferon three times a week for @ months .", "the short-term biochemical response was significantly more frequent in the group of patients who received the higher dosage of beta interferon : @ % vs @ % ( p < @ ) .", "nevertheless , a sustained biochemical response was obtained in only one patient ( @ % ) , who received the higher dosage of beta interferon .", "since the better short-term response rate was obtained with the higher dosage of beta interferon , a further increase in the dosage might improve the short-term and , possibly , the long-term response to treatment .", "however , due to the high cost of beta interferon , this high-dose schedule would probably not be cost-effective in the treatment of chronic hepatitis c." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['the intramuscular use of beta interferon has been tested in the treatment of chronic hepatitis c , but it did not prove effective when the schedule was @ million units three times a week for six months .', 'since the lack of effectiveness of this treatment might be due to the low bioavailability of beta interferon when administered intramuscularly , we tested a higher dosage of the drug : @ million units three times a week for twelve months .', 'ninety-two patients were randomized to receive , intramuscularly , either @ or @ million units of natural human fibroblast beta interferon three times a week for @ months .', 'the short-term biochemical response was significantly more frequent in the group of patients who received the higher dosage of beta interferon : @ % vs @ % ( p < @ ) .', 'nevertheless , a sustained biochemical response was obtained in only one patient ( @ % ) , who received the higher dosage of beta interferon .', 'since the better short-term response rate was obtained with the higher dosage of beta interferon , a further increase in the dosage might improve the short-term and , possibly , the long-term response to treatment .', 'however , due to the high cost of beta interferon , this high-dose schedule would probably not be cost-effective in the treatment of chronic hepatitis c.']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "the rat model of postinfarction heart failure ( hf ) has been very valuable in experimental cardiology .", "one disadvantage of this model is the very high acute mortality ( @-@ % ) .", "the aim of this study was to evaluate whether measures of intensive cardiac care applied to rats with acute myocardial infarction ( mi ) would reduce mortality .", "male sprague-dawley rats weighing approximately @ g were used .", "the animals were randomized into two groups .", "the intensive care group ( ic ) n = @ and conventional care group ( cc ) n = @ .", "experimental mi was induced by ligation of the left coronary artery producing large anterolateral mi .", "animals in the ic group received isoflurane anesthesia and respiratory support postoperatively .", "the heart rhythm was monitored continuously and ventricular arrhythmias were treated with amiodarone and cardioversion .", "mortality rate within @ h was @/@ ( @ % ) in the ic group and @/@ ( @ % ) in the cc group ( p < @ ) .", "this represents a @-fold reduction in acute mortality rate .", "the use of amiodarone , respiratory support , isoflurane gas anesthesia , and electrical cardioversion of malignant arrhythmias are simple and effective measures to reduce mortality in rats with acute mi and hf .", "improving survival rates increases cost-efficiency and ethical acceptance of this important experimental hf model ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['the rat model of postinfarction heart failure ( hf ) has been very valuable in experimental cardiology .', 'one disadvantage of this model is the very high acute mortality ( @-@ % ) .', 'the aim of this study was to evaluate whether measures of intensive cardiac care applied to rats with acute myocardial infarction ( mi ) would reduce mortality .', 'male sprague-dawley rats weighing approximately @ g were used .', 'the animals were randomized into two groups .', 'the intensive care group ( ic ) n = @ and conventional care group ( cc ) n = @ .', 'experimental mi was induced by ligation of the left coronary artery producing large anterolateral mi .', 'animals in the ic group received isoflurane anesthesia and respiratory support postoperatively .', 'the heart rhythm was monitored continuously and ventricular arrhythmias were treated with amiodarone and cardioversion .', 'mortality rate within @ h was @/@ ( @ % ) in the ic group and @/@ ( @ % ) in the cc group ( p < @ ) .', 'this represents a @-fold reduction in acute mortality rate .', 'the use of amiodarone , respiratory support , isoflurane gas anesthesia , and electrical cardioversion of malignant arrhythmias are simple and effective measures to reduce mortality in rats with acute mi and hf .', 'improving survival rates increases cost-efficiency and ethical acceptance of this important experimental hf model .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "BACKGROUND", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the safety and the cost-effectiveness of using preoperative iabp as support compared with postoperative iabp treatment in coronary patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction ( slvd ) who is undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery ( opcab ) , including early outcomes , hospital mortality and morbidity , and mid-term follow-up outcomes .", "between march @ and december @ , we prospectively and randomly studied the insertion of preoperative iabp in @ ( @ % ) and postoperative iabp in @ ( @ % ) of the @ consecutive patients .", "group a is preoperative iabp therapy .", "group b is postoperative iabp therapy .", "there was no significant difference in the number of grafts used between the two groups .", "completeness of revascularization did not differ between the two groups .", "the statistically significant difference was hospital mortality ( @ % in group a vs. @ % in group b ) ( p < @ ) .", "and there was significant reduction in postoperative low cardiac output , malignant arrhythmia , acute renal failure and length of stay in icu in group a , compared with group b ( p < @ ) .", "in the two groups , six - , @ - , @ - and @-month survival rates were similar .", "in the study the degree of improvement in angina and quality of life did not differ significantly between the two groups .", "the use of preoperative iabp in slvd patients undergoing opcab is of safety and effectiveness .", "the combined use of preoperative iabp and opcab allows complete revascularization in slvd patients with an important reduction in operative mortality and excellent mid-term results ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the safety and the cost-effectiveness of using preoperative iabp as support compared with postoperative iabp treatment in coronary patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction ( slvd ) who is undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery ( opcab ) , including early outcomes , hospital mortality and morbidity , and mid-term follow-up outcomes .', 'between march @ and december @ , we prospectively and randomly studied the insertion of preoperative iabp in @ ( @ % ) and postoperative iabp in @ ( @ % ) of the @ consecutive patients .', 'group a is preoperative iabp therapy .', 'group b is postoperative iabp therapy .', 'there was no significant difference in the number of grafts used between the two groups .', 'completeness of revascularization did not differ between the two groups .', 'the statistically significant difference was hospital mortality ( @ % in group a vs. @ % in group b ) ( p < @ ) .', 'and there was significant reduction in postoperative low cardiac output , malignant arrhythmia , acute renal failure and length of stay in icu in group a , compared with group b ( p < @ ) .', 'in the two groups , six - , @ - , @ - and @-month survival rates were similar .', 'in the study the degree of improvement in angina and quality of life did not differ significantly between the two groups .', 'the use of preoperative iabp in slvd patients undergoing opcab is of safety and effectiveness .', 'the combined use of preoperative iabp and opcab allows complete revascularization in slvd patients with an important reduction in operative mortality and excellent mid-term results .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "OBJECTIVE", "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "BACKGROUND" ]

[ "falls are an increasingly important and costly public health problem .", "vision is key to postural stability as we age and this puts adults with visual impairments at greater risk of falls .", "physical interventions improve balance in the general population and in older adults with visual impairments in residential care .", "they also prevent falls in the general community but to date have not been shown effective in community-dwelling adults with visual impairments .", "to investigate , with a randomised controlled trial , whether the alexander technique ( at ) can improve balance and mobility in the community-dwelling population with visual impairments and thus reduce the risk of falls .", "the at is a form of physical re-education that has recently received attention for its possible value in rehabilitation .", "one hundred and twenty people with visual impairments over @ years of age will be recruited from guide dogs new south wales/australian capital territory ( nsw/act ) .", "participants will be independently mobile and cognitively able to take part in the programme .", "after baseline assessment participants will be randomly assigned to two groups .", "the control group will receive usual care from guide dogs nsw/act , and the intervention group will receive @ weekly home-based lessons in the at in addition to usual care .", "the primary outcome measures will be physical measures from the short physical performance battery at @ months .", "secondary outcome measures will be balance , mobility , social participation and emotional well-being at @ and @ months .", "the protocol is registered with the australian new zealand clinical trials registry ( actrn@ ) ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['falls are an increasingly important and costly public health problem .', 'vision is key to postural stability as we age and this puts adults with visual impairments at greater risk of falls .', 'physical interventions improve balance in the general population and in older adults with visual impairments in residential care .', 'they also prevent falls in the general community but to date have not been shown effective in community-dwelling adults with visual impairments .', 'to investigate , with a randomised controlled trial , whether the alexander technique ( at ) can improve balance and mobility in the community-dwelling population with visual impairments and thus reduce the risk of falls .', 'the at is a form of physical re-education that has recently received attention for its possible value in rehabilitation .', 'one hundred and twenty people with visual impairments over @ years of age will be recruited from guide dogs new south wales/australian capital territory ( nsw/act ) .', 'participants will be independently mobile and cognitively able to take part in the programme .', 'after baseline assessment participants will be randomly assigned to two groups .', 'the control group will receive usual care from guide dogs nsw/act , and the intervention group will receive @ weekly home-based lessons in the at in addition to usual care .', 'the primary outcome measures will be physical measures from the short physical performance battery at @ months .', 'secondary outcome measures will be balance , mobility , social participation and emotional well-being at @ and @ months .', 'the protocol is registered with the australian new zealand clinical trials registry ( actrn@ ) .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'OBJECTIVE', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'BACKGROUND']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "to determine whether cycle monitoring using both serum e ( @ ) and ultrasound findings yields superior clinical pregnancy rates during ivf-embryo transfer ( et ) compared to monitoring with ultrasound alone .", "prospective , randomized , multicenter , patient-blinded study .", "four assisted conception units in the united kingdom .", "two hundred ninety-seven women believed to be normal responders undergoing ivf treatment .", "patients were randomly allocated on day @ of stimulation to one of the two hcg administration criteria : [ @ ] the e ( @ ) - to-follicle > or = @ mm ratio was between @ and @ pmol/l/follicle and at least @ follicles reached a mean diameter of @ mm or [ @ ] at least @ follicles reached a mean diameter of @ mm and the endometrium thickness was > or = @ mm .", "duration and cumulative dose of recombinant human fsh , total number of growing follicles , oocytes retrieved , number and quality of embryos , pregnancy rates , and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome ( ohss ) rates .", "two hundred ninety-seven patients were randomized to one of the two criteria groups .", "of these , @ ( @ % ) received urinary ( u ) - hcg ( @ in group a and @ in group b ) .", "one hundred three women in group a ( @ % ) met both criteria for hcg administration .", "pregnancy and ohss rates were similar ( @ % vs. @ % and @ % vs. @ % , respectively ) .", "the addition of e ( @ ) / follicle criteria to ultrasound monitoring of ivf cycles in normal responders seldom changes the timing of hcg , and does not increase pregnancy rates or the risk of ohss ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['to determine whether cycle monitoring using both serum e ( @ ) and ultrasound findings yields superior clinical pregnancy rates during ivf-embryo transfer ( et ) compared to monitoring with ultrasound alone .', 'prospective , randomized , multicenter , patient-blinded study .', 'four assisted conception units in the united kingdom .', 'two hundred ninety-seven women believed to be normal responders undergoing ivf treatment .', 'patients were randomly allocated on day @ of stimulation to one of the two hcg administration criteria : [ @ ] the e ( @ ) - to-follicle > or = @ mm ratio was between @ and @ pmol/l/follicle and at least @ follicles reached a mean diameter of @ mm or [ @ ] at least @ follicles reached a mean diameter of @ mm and the endometrium thickness was > or = @ mm .', 'duration and cumulative dose of recombinant human fsh , total number of growing follicles , oocytes retrieved , number and quality of embryos , pregnancy rates , and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome ( ohss ) rates .', 'two hundred ninety-seven patients were randomized to one of the two criteria groups .', 'of these , @ ( @ % ) received urinary ( u ) - hcg ( @ in group a and @ in group b ) .', 'one hundred three women in group a ( @ % ) met both criteria for hcg administration .', 'pregnancy and ohss rates were similar ( @ % vs. @ % and @ % vs. @ % , respectively ) .', 'the addition of e ( @ ) / follicle criteria to ultrasound monitoring of ivf cycles in normal responders seldom changes the timing of hcg , and does not increase pregnancy rates or the risk of ohss .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "intraocular lens ( iol ) haptic position in @ eyes that had undergone cataract surgery was examined with ultrasound biomicroscopy ( ubm ) .", "in a prospective randomized study the patients were operated by phacoemulsification using continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis ( ccc ) ( group i ) or by extracapsular cataract extraction ( ecce ) using linear capsulotomy ( group ii ) .", "ultrasound biomicroscopy was used to localize both haptics of the implanted intraocular lenses and to measure anterior chamber depth ( acd ) , iris thickness and anterior chamber angle .", "the inflammatory reaction in the anterior chamber was assessed with laser flare photometry .", "slit lamp examination was performed .", "both iol haptics were found in the lens capsule in all @ eyes in group i.", "in group ii one of the haptics was located out of the capsule in @ of @ eyes ( @ % ) .", "the difference is statistically significant ( p = @ ) .", "postoperatively mean acd measured with the ubm was @ + / -@ mm in group i and @ + / -@ mm in group ii ( p = @ ) .", "the ubm examinations indicate that phacoemulsification with continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis is a more reliable technique than ecce with linear capsulotomy to achieve implantation of the intraocular lens haptics in the capsular bag ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['intraocular lens ( iol ) haptic position in @ eyes that had undergone cataract surgery was examined with ultrasound biomicroscopy ( ubm ) .', 'in a prospective randomized study the patients were operated by phacoemulsification using continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis ( ccc ) ( group i ) or by extracapsular cataract extraction ( ecce ) using linear capsulotomy ( group ii ) .', 'ultrasound biomicroscopy was used to localize both haptics of the implanted intraocular lenses and to measure anterior chamber depth ( acd ) , iris thickness and anterior chamber angle .', 'the inflammatory reaction in the anterior chamber was assessed with laser flare photometry .', 'slit lamp examination was performed .', 'both iol haptics were found in the lens capsule in all @ eyes in group i.', 'in group ii one of the haptics was located out of the capsule in @ of @ eyes ( @ % ) .', 'the difference is statistically significant ( p = @ ) .', 'postoperatively mean acd measured with the ubm was @ + / -@ mm in group i and @ + / -@ mm in group ii ( p = @ ) .', 'the ubm examinations indicate that phacoemulsification with continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis is a more reliable technique than ecce with linear capsulotomy to achieve implantation of the intraocular lens haptics in the capsular bag .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "to evaluate the influence of methotrexate ( mtx ) on the frequency of postoperative complications in patients with rheumatoid arthritis ( ra ) .", "we conducted a randomized unblinded prospective study in @ patients with ra treated with mtx and who underwent orthopedic surgery .", "two groups of patients were constituted : in group a ( @ patients ) , mtx was interrupted @ days before the surgery ; in group b ( @ patients ) , mtx was not discontinued .", "fifty surgical procedures were performed in group a and @ procedures in group b. no postoperative infection was observed in any group .", "a prolonged wound healing was noticed in @ cases in group a and in @ cases in group b ( not significant ) .", "we suggest that the interruption of mtx is not required in patients with ra when an orthopedic surgical treatment is planned .", "however a large prospective study is needed to make a definitive conclusion ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['to evaluate the influence of methotrexate ( mtx ) on the frequency of postoperative complications in patients with rheumatoid arthritis ( ra ) .', 'we conducted a randomized unblinded prospective study in @ patients with ra treated with mtx and who underwent orthopedic surgery .', 'two groups of patients were constituted : in group a ( @ patients ) , mtx was interrupted @ days before the surgery ; in group b ( @ patients ) , mtx was not discontinued .', 'fifty surgical procedures were performed in group a and @ procedures in group b. no postoperative infection was observed in any group .', 'a prolonged wound healing was noticed in @ cases in group a and in @ cases in group b ( not significant ) .', 'we suggest that the interruption of mtx is not required in patients with ra when an orthopedic surgical treatment is planned .', 'however a large prospective study is needed to make a definitive conclusion .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "to establish the efficacy and safety of timolol @ % / dorzolamide @ % fixed combination versus timolol @ % / pilocarpine @ % fixed combination , each given twice daily , in primary open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertensive patients .", "in this prospective , multicenter , double-masked trial , @ patients were treated twice daily with timolol for @ weeks .", "then , they were randomized to one of the treatment medications for @ weeks , after which they were treated with timolol again for @ weeks before placed on the opposite treatment medication for @ weeks .", "a total of @ patients completed the trial .", "the mean baseline intraocular pressure ( iop ) was @ + / - @ mmhg .", "following @ weeks of treatment , the mean decrease of iop was @ + / - @ mmhg for timolol/dorzolamide combination and @ + / - @ for timolol/pilocarpine combination .", "the mean diurnal curve iop was @ + / - @ mmhg for timolol/dorzolamide group and @ + / - @ mmhg for timolol/pilocarpine group .", "these differences were statistically significant .", "statistically more patients reported ocular pain and diminished vision during use of the timolol/pilocarpine combination .", "this study suggest that timolol @ % / pilocarpine @ % fixed combination can provide at least similar efficacious reduction in iop as timolol @ % / dorzolamide @ % fixed combination in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['to establish the efficacy and safety of timolol @ % / dorzolamide @ % fixed combination versus timolol @ % / pilocarpine @ % fixed combination , each given twice daily , in primary open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertensive patients .', 'in this prospective , multicenter , double-masked trial , @ patients were treated twice daily with timolol for @ weeks .', 'then , they were randomized to one of the treatment medications for @ weeks , after which they were treated with timolol again for @ weeks before placed on the opposite treatment medication for @ weeks .', 'a total of @ patients completed the trial .', 'the mean baseline intraocular pressure ( iop ) was @ + / - @ mmhg .', 'following @ weeks of treatment , the mean decrease of iop was @ + / - @ mmhg for timolol/dorzolamide combination and @ + / - @ for timolol/pilocarpine combination .', 'the mean diurnal curve iop was @ + / - @ mmhg for timolol/dorzolamide group and @ + / - @ mmhg for timolol/pilocarpine group .', 'these differences were statistically significant .', 'statistically more patients reported ocular pain and diminished vision during use of the timolol/pilocarpine combination .', 'this study suggest that timolol @ % / pilocarpine @ % fixed combination can provide at least similar efficacious reduction in iop as timolol @ % / dorzolamide @ % fixed combination in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "BACKGROUND", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "this study was undertaken to determine the effect of patient position on the incidence of vasovagal responses to venous cannulation in ambulatory surgery patients .", "three hundred surgical outpatients , aged @ to @ years , were randomly assigned by week to the sitting or recumbent position .", "blood pressure and heart rate were recorded during and for @ minutes following venous cannulation .", "an observer recorded signs and symptoms suggestive of a vasovagal response .", "a vasovagal reaction occurred in @ % of sitting patients and @ % of recumbent patients .", "two sitting patients , @ % , experienced frank syncope .", "symptomatic patients were more likely ( @ % ) than asymptomatic patients ( @ % ) to have a history of fainting .", "in symptomatic patients who were sitting , mean arterial pressure fell from @ mm hg ( sd , @ ) at baseline to @ mm hg ( sd , @ ) during cannulation .", "similarly , heart rate fell from @ beats per minute ( sd , @ ) at baseline to @ beats per minute ( sd , @ ) after cannulation .", "the vasovagal response during venous cannulation occurs more frequently in the sitting patient who has a history of fainting and is associated with a significant decline in blood pressure and heart rate ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['this study was undertaken to determine the effect of patient position on the incidence of vasovagal responses to venous cannulation in ambulatory surgery patients .', 'three hundred surgical outpatients , aged @ to @ years , were randomly assigned by week to the sitting or recumbent position .', 'blood pressure and heart rate were recorded during and for @ minutes following venous cannulation .', 'an observer recorded signs and symptoms suggestive of a vasovagal response .', 'a vasovagal reaction occurred in @ % of sitting patients and @ % of recumbent patients .', 'two sitting patients , @ % , experienced frank syncope .', 'symptomatic patients were more likely ( @ % ) than asymptomatic patients ( @ % ) to have a history of fainting .', 'in symptomatic patients who were sitting , mean arterial pressure fell from @ mm hg ( sd , @ ) at baseline to @ mm hg ( sd , @ ) during cannulation .', 'similarly , heart rate fell from @ beats per minute ( sd , @ ) at baseline to @ beats per minute ( sd , @ ) after cannulation .', 'the vasovagal response during venous cannulation occurs more frequently in the sitting patient who has a history of fainting and is associated with a significant decline in blood pressure and heart rate .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "to determine whether a @-month program of regular exercise can improve dynamic postural stability in older women .", "randomized controlled trial of @ months ' duration .", "conducted as part of the randwick falls and fractures study , in sydney , australia .", "one hundred and twelve community-dwelling women aged @ to @ years ( mean age @ , sd = @ ) .", "quantitative measures of dynamic postural stability : maximal balance range and coordinated stability .", "exercise and control subjects were tested before , midway through , and at the end of the trial .", "the stability measures had good test-retest reliability , and test performances were significantly associated with measures of lower limb muscle strength , reaction time , neuromuscular control , and body sway .", "at initial testing , exercisers and controls performed similarly in the two stability measures .", "the mean number of classes attended for the @ exercise subjects who completed the program was @ ( range @-@ ) .", "at the end of the trial , the exercise subjects showed significantly improved performance in both the maximal balance range and coordinated stability tests , with no improvement evident in the controls .", "improvements in coordinated stability were associated with corresponding improvements in ankle dorsiflexion , hip extension , and hip flexion strength .", "these findings show that exercise can significantly improve dynamic postural stability in older persons and elucidate some possible mechanisms by which such improvements may be mediated ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['to determine whether a @-month program of regular exercise can improve dynamic postural stability in older women .', \"randomized controlled trial of @ months ' duration .\", 'conducted as part of the randwick falls and fractures study , in sydney , australia .', 'one hundred and twelve community-dwelling women aged @ to @ years ( mean age @ , sd = @ ) .', 'quantitative measures of dynamic postural stability : maximal balance range and coordinated stability .', 'exercise and control subjects were tested before , midway through , and at the end of the trial .', 'the stability measures had good test-retest reliability , and test performances were significantly associated with measures of lower limb muscle strength , reaction time , neuromuscular control , and body sway .', 'at initial testing , exercisers and controls performed similarly in the two stability measures .', 'the mean number of classes attended for the @ exercise subjects who completed the program was @ ( range @-@ ) .', 'at the end of the trial , the exercise subjects showed significantly improved performance in both the maximal balance range and coordinated stability tests , with no improvement evident in the controls .', 'improvements in coordinated stability were associated with corresponding improvements in ankle dorsiflexion , hip extension , and hip flexion strength .', 'these findings show that exercise can significantly improve dynamic postural stability in older persons and elucidate some possible mechanisms by which such improvements may be mediated .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "understanding how changes in physical and psychological factors following therapeutic exercise are associated with treatment outcome could have important implications for refining rehabilitation programs for knee osteoarthritis ( oa ) .", "the objective of this study was to examine the association of changes in these factors with changes in pain and function after an exercise program for people with knee oa .", "in total , @ people with knee oa completed an exercise program consisting of lower extremity strengthening , stretching , range of motion , balance and agility , and aerobic exercises .", "the change from baseline to the @-month followup was calculated for physical and psychological factors , including self-reported knee instability , quadriceps strength , knee and ankle range of motion , lower extremity muscle flexibility , fear of physical activity , anxiety , and depressive symptoms .", "treatment response was defined as a minimum of a @ % improvement from baseline in both a numerical knee pain rating scale and the western ontario and mcmaster universities osteoarthritis index physical function scale .", "the association of each factor with treatment response was examined with logistic regression mutually adjusted for age , sex , body mass index , radiographic severity , and exercise group .", "change in self-reported knee instability ( odds ratio [ or ] @ [ @ % confidence interval ( @ % ci ) @-@ @ ] ) and fear of physical activity ( or @ [ @ % ci @-@ @ ] ) were the only @ factors that were significantly associated with treatment response after adjustment for covariates .", "improvement in knee instability and fear of physical activity were associated with increased odds of a positive treatment response following therapeutic exercise in subjects with knee oa ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['understanding how changes in physical and psychological factors following therapeutic exercise are associated with treatment outcome could have important implications for refining rehabilitation programs for knee osteoarthritis ( oa ) .', 'the objective of this study was to examine the association of changes in these factors with changes in pain and function after an exercise program for people with knee oa .', 'in total , @ people with knee oa completed an exercise program consisting of lower extremity strengthening , stretching , range of motion , balance and agility , and aerobic exercises .', 'the change from baseline to the @-month followup was calculated for physical and psychological factors , including self-reported knee instability , quadriceps strength , knee and ankle range of motion , lower extremity muscle flexibility , fear of physical activity , anxiety , and depressive symptoms .', 'treatment response was defined as a minimum of a @ % improvement from baseline in both a numerical knee pain rating scale and the western ontario and mcmaster universities osteoarthritis index physical function scale .', 'the association of each factor with treatment response was examined with logistic regression mutually adjusted for age , sex , body mass index , radiographic severity , and exercise group .', 'change in self-reported knee instability ( odds ratio [ or ] @ [ @ % confidence interval ( @ % ci ) @-@ @ ] ) and fear of physical activity ( or @ [ @ % ci @-@ @ ] ) were the only @ factors that were significantly associated with treatment response after adjustment for covariates .', 'improvement in knee instability and fear of physical activity were associated with increased odds of a positive treatment response following therapeutic exercise in subjects with knee oa .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "METHODS", "OBJECTIVE", "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "controlled laboratory study , using a repeated-measures , counterbalanced design .", "to provide estimates on the average knee angle maintained , absolute knee angle error , and total repetitions performed during @ versions of the heel raise test .", "the heel raise test is performed in knee extension ( ehrt ) to assess gastrocnemius and knee flexion ( fhrt ) for soleus .", "however , it has not yet been determined whether select knee angles are maintained or whether total repetitions differ between the clinical versions of the heel raise test .", "seventeen healthy males and females performed maximal heel raise repetitions in @ ( ehrt ) and @ ( fhrt ) of desired knee flexion .", "the average angle maintained and absolute error at the knee during the @ versions , and total heel raise repetitions , were measured using motion analysis .", "participants ' kinematic measures were fitted into a generalized estimation equation model to provide estimates on ehrt and fhrt performance applicable to the general population .", "the model estimates that average angles of @ and @ will be maintained at the knee by the general population during the ehrt and the fhrt , with an absolute angle error of @ and @ , respectively .", "in both versions , @ repetitions should be completed .", "however , the average angles maintained by participants ranged from -@ to @ during the ehrt and from @ to @ during the fhrt , with the highest absolute errors in knee position being @ and @ , respectively .", "on average , select knee angles will be maintained by the general population during the select heel raise test versions , but individualized performance is variable and total repetitions do not distinguish between versions .", "clinicians should , therefore , interpret select heel raise test outcomes with caution when used to respectively assess and rehabilitate soleus and gastrocnemius function ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['controlled laboratory study , using a repeated-measures , counterbalanced design .', 'to provide estimates on the average knee angle maintained , absolute knee angle error , and total repetitions performed during @ versions of the heel raise test .', 'the heel raise test is performed in knee extension ( ehrt ) to assess gastrocnemius and knee flexion ( fhrt ) for soleus .', 'however , it has not yet been determined whether select knee angles are maintained or whether total repetitions differ between the clinical versions of the heel raise test .', 'seventeen healthy males and females performed maximal heel raise repetitions in @ ( ehrt ) and @ ( fhrt ) of desired knee flexion .', 'the average angle maintained and absolute error at the knee during the @ versions , and total heel raise repetitions , were measured using motion analysis .', \"participants ' kinematic measures were fitted into a generalized estimation equation model to provide estimates on ehrt and fhrt performance applicable to the general population .\", 'the model estimates that average angles of @ and @ will be maintained at the knee by the general population during the ehrt and the fhrt , with an absolute angle error of @ and @ , respectively .', 'in both versions , @ repetitions should be completed .', 'however , the average angles maintained by participants ranged from -@ to @ during the ehrt and from @ to @ during the fhrt , with the highest absolute errors in knee position being @ and @ , respectively .', 'on average , select knee angles will be maintained by the general population during the select heel raise test versions , but individualized performance is variable and total repetitions do not distinguish between versions .', 'clinicians should , therefore , interpret select heel raise test outcomes with caution when used to respectively assess and rehabilitate soleus and gastrocnemius function .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['METHODS', 'OBJECTIVE', 'BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "to evaluate injection-associated pain , safety , and efficacy with the isotonic contrast medium iodixanol ( visipaque @ mg i/ml ) compared with iopromide ( ultravist @ mg i/ml ) in femoral arteriography .", "a multicenter , double-blind , randomized , parallel-group clinical investigation was carried out in @ hospitals in europe .", "of the patients evaluated , @ received iodixanol and @ iopromide in conventional and/or digital subtraction angiography .", "the iodixanol group reported statistically significantly less injection-associated pain ( @ % ) than the iopromide group ( @ % ) ( p << @ ) .", "further , @ % in the iodixanol group experienced pain and/or severe heat sensation vs @ % in the iopromide group ( p << @ ) .", "in the iodixanol group , @ % of the patients experienced contrast-related adverse events vs @ % in the iopromide group ( p = ns ) .", "overall diagnostic information was optimal for @ % in the iodixanol group and @ % in the iopromide group ( p = ns ) .", "iodixanol @ mg i/ml causes significantly less injection-associated pain during femoral arteriography and is as safe and efficacious as iopromide @ mg i/ml ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['to evaluate injection-associated pain , safety , and efficacy with the isotonic contrast medium iodixanol ( visipaque @ mg i/ml ) compared with iopromide ( ultravist @ mg i/ml ) in femoral arteriography .', 'a multicenter , double-blind , randomized , parallel-group clinical investigation was carried out in @ hospitals in europe .', 'of the patients evaluated , @ received iodixanol and @ iopromide in conventional and/or digital subtraction angiography .', 'the iodixanol group reported statistically significantly less injection-associated pain ( @ % ) than the iopromide group ( @ % ) ( p << @ ) .', 'further , @ % in the iodixanol group experienced pain and/or severe heat sensation vs @ % in the iopromide group ( p << @ ) .', 'in the iodixanol group , @ % of the patients experienced contrast-related adverse events vs @ % in the iopromide group ( p = ns ) .', 'overall diagnostic information was optimal for @ % in the iodixanol group and @ % in the iopromide group ( p = ns ) .', 'iodixanol @ mg i/ml causes significantly less injection-associated pain during femoral arteriography and is as safe and efficacious as iopromide @ mg i/ml .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "the standard treatment for relapsed diffuse large b-cell lymphoma ( dlbcl ) is salvage chemotherapy followed by high-dose therapy and autologous stem-cell transplantation ( asct ) .", "the impact of maintenance rituximab after asct is not known .", "in total , @ patients with cd@ ( + ) dlbcl who were in their first relapse or refractory to initial therapy were randomly assigned to one of two salvage regimens .", "after three cycles of salvage chemotherapy , the responding patients received high-dose chemotherapy followed by asct .", "then , @ patients were randomly assigned to either rituximab every @ months for @ year or observation .", "after asct , @ patients received rituximab , and @ patients were observed only .", "the median follow-up time was @ months .", "the @-year event-free survival ( efs ) rates after asct were @ % and @ % for the rituximab and observation groups , respectively ( p = @ ) .", "treatment with rituximab was associated with a @ % attributable risk of serious adverse events after day @ , with more deaths ( six deaths v three deaths in the observation arm ) .", "several factors affected efs after asct ( p < @ ) , including relapsed disease within @ months ( efs : @ % v @ % for relapsed disease after @ months ) , secondary age-adjusted international prognostic index ( saaipi ) more than @ ( efs : @ % v @ % for saaipi < @ ) , and prior treatment with rituximab ( efs : @ % v @ % for no prior rituximab ) .", "a significant difference in efs between women ( @ % ) and men ( @ % ) was also observed in the rituximab group .", "in the cox model for maintenance , the saaipi was a significant prognostic factor ( p < @ ) , as was male sex ( p = @ ) .", "in relapsed dlbcl , we observed no difference between the control group and the rituximab maintenance group and do not recommend rituximab after asct ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['the standard treatment for relapsed diffuse large b-cell lymphoma ( dlbcl ) is salvage chemotherapy followed by high-dose therapy and autologous stem-cell transplantation ( asct ) .', 'the impact of maintenance rituximab after asct is not known .', 'in total , @ patients with cd@ ( + ) dlbcl who were in their first relapse or refractory to initial therapy were randomly assigned to one of two salvage regimens .', 'after three cycles of salvage chemotherapy , the responding patients received high-dose chemotherapy followed by asct .', 'then , @ patients were randomly assigned to either rituximab every @ months for @ year or observation .', 'after asct , @ patients received rituximab , and @ patients were observed only .', 'the median follow-up time was @ months .', 'the @-year event-free survival ( efs ) rates after asct were @ % and @ % for the rituximab and observation groups , respectively ( p = @ ) .', 'treatment with rituximab was associated with a @ % attributable risk of serious adverse events after day @ , with more deaths ( six deaths v three deaths in the observation arm ) .', 'several factors affected efs after asct ( p < @ ) , including relapsed disease within @ months ( efs : @ % v @ % for relapsed disease after @ months ) , secondary age-adjusted international prognostic index ( saaipi ) more than @ ( efs : @ % v @ % for saaipi < @ ) , and prior treatment with rituximab ( efs : @ % v @ % for no prior rituximab ) .', 'a significant difference in efs between women ( @ % ) and men ( @ % ) was also observed in the rituximab group .', 'in the cox model for maintenance , the saaipi was a significant prognostic factor ( p < @ ) , as was male sex ( p = @ ) .', 'in relapsed dlbcl , we observed no difference between the control group and the rituximab maintenance group and do not recommend rituximab after asct .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "to examine the efficacy of teen online problem solving ( tops ) in improving executive function ( ef ) deficits following traumatic brain injury ( tbi ) in adolescence .", "families of adolescents ( aged @-@ years ) with moderate to severe tbi were recruited from the trauma registry of @ tertiary-care children 's hospitals and then randomly assigned to receive tops ( n = @ ) , a cognitive-behavioral , skill-building intervention , or access to online resources regarding tbi ( internet resource comparison ; n = @ ) .", "parent and teen reports of ef were assessed at baseline and a posttreatment follow-up ( mean = @ months later ) .", "improvements in self-reported ef skills were moderated by tbi severity , with teens with severe tbi in the tops treatment reporting significantly greater improvements than did those with severe tbi in the internet resource comparison .", "the treatment groups did not differ on parent ratings of ef at the follow up .", "findings suggest that tops may be effective in improving ef skills among teens with severe tbi ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['to examine the efficacy of teen online problem solving ( tops ) in improving executive function ( ef ) deficits following traumatic brain injury ( tbi ) in adolescence .', \"families of adolescents ( aged @-@ years ) with moderate to severe tbi were recruited from the trauma registry of @ tertiary-care children 's hospitals and then randomly assigned to receive tops ( n = @ ) , a cognitive-behavioral , skill-building intervention , or access to online resources regarding tbi ( internet resource comparison ; n = @ ) .\", 'parent and teen reports of ef were assessed at baseline and a posttreatment follow-up ( mean = @ months later ) .', 'improvements in self-reported ef skills were moderated by tbi severity , with teens with severe tbi in the tops treatment reporting significantly greater improvements than did those with severe tbi in the internet resource comparison .', 'the treatment groups did not differ on parent ratings of ef at the follow up .', 'findings suggest that tops may be effective in improving ef skills among teens with severe tbi .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "functional dyspepsia ( fd ) is a common disorder but there is currently little efficacious drug therapy .", "itopride , a prokinetic approved in several countries , showed promising efficacy in fd in a phase iib trial .", "the aim of this study was to test the efficacy and safety of this drug in fd .", "two similar placebo-controlled clinical trials were conducted ( international and north america ) .", "males and females , @-@ years old , with a diagnosis of fd ( rome ii ) and the absence ( by upper endoscopy ) of any relevant structural disease were recruited .", "all were negative for helicobacter pylori and , if present , heartburn could not exceed one episode per week .", "following screening , patients were randomised to itopride @ mg three times daily or identical placebo .", "the co-primary end points were : ( @ ) global patient assessment ( gpa ) of efficacy ; and ( @ ) leeds dyspepsia questionnaire ( ldq ) .", "symptoms were evaluated at weeks @ , @ and @ .", "secondary measures of efficacy included nepean dyspepsia index ( ndi ) quality of life .", "the gpa responder rates at week @ on itopride versus placebo were similar in both trials ( @ % vs @ % and @ vs @ % , respectively ; p = ns ) .", "a significant benefit of itopride over placebo was observed for the ldq responders in the international ( @ % vs @ % , p = @ ) but not the north american trial ( @ % vs @ % ) .", "the safety and tolerability profile were comparable with placebo , with the exception of prolactin elevations , which occurred more frequently on itopride ( @/@ ) than placebo ( @/@ ) .", "in this population with fd , itopride did not show a difference in symptom response from placebo ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['functional dyspepsia ( fd ) is a common disorder but there is currently little efficacious drug therapy .', 'itopride , a prokinetic approved in several countries , showed promising efficacy in fd in a phase iib trial .', 'the aim of this study was to test the efficacy and safety of this drug in fd .', 'two similar placebo-controlled clinical trials were conducted ( international and north america ) .', 'males and females , @-@ years old , with a diagnosis of fd ( rome ii ) and the absence ( by upper endoscopy ) of any relevant structural disease were recruited .', 'all were negative for helicobacter pylori and , if present , heartburn could not exceed one episode per week .', 'following screening , patients were randomised to itopride @ mg three times daily or identical placebo .', 'the co-primary end points were : ( @ ) global patient assessment ( gpa ) of efficacy ; and ( @ ) leeds dyspepsia questionnaire ( ldq ) .', 'symptoms were evaluated at weeks @ , @ and @ .', 'secondary measures of efficacy included nepean dyspepsia index ( ndi ) quality of life .', 'the gpa responder rates at week @ on itopride versus placebo were similar in both trials ( @ % vs @ % and @ vs @ % , respectively ; p = ns ) .', 'a significant benefit of itopride over placebo was observed for the ldq responders in the international ( @ % vs @ % , p = @ ) but not the north american trial ( @ % vs @ % ) .', 'the safety and tolerability profile were comparable with placebo , with the exception of prolactin elevations , which occurred more frequently on itopride ( @/@ ) than placebo ( @/@ ) .', 'in this population with fd , itopride did not show a difference in symptom response from placebo .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "radiofrequency ( rf ) ablation of cavotricuspid isthmus ( cti ) dependent flutter can be performed using different types of ablation catheters .", "it has been proposed that irrigated and large-tip catheters are capable of creating larger lesions , resulting in greater efficacy .", "this prospective , randomised clinical study compared the efficacy of irrigated and large-tip catheters of different designs .", "eighty patients ( @ men , @ + / -@ years ) undergoing de novo rf ablation of cti-dependent flutter were randomised to ablation using one of the following catheters : ( i ) externally-irrigated @ ) , ( ii ) internally-cooled ( n = @ ) , ( iii ) single sensor , @-mm tip ( n = @ ) , or ( iv ) double sensor , @-mm tip ( n = @ ) .", "the study endpoint was the demonstration of bidirectional cti conduction block within @ min of cumulative rf delivery .", "crossover to the externally-irrigated catheter was permitted if this was not achieved .", "the ablation and procedural parameters , safety and efficacy were compared .", "the primary endpoint was achieved in @ patients ( @ % ) , including all @ patients randomised to the externally-irrigated catheter .", "crossover was required in @ patients : @ initially using the internally-cooled catheter ( @ % ) , @ using single-sensor , @-mm-tip ( @ % ) , and @ using double-sensor , @-mm-tip ( @ % ) catheters .", "the higher initial failure rate with the internally-cooled-tip catheter was significant compared to the externally-irrigated ( p = @ ) and single-sensor , @-mm-tip ( p = @ ) catheters .", "the externally-irrigated catheter achieved the study endpoint more frequently with fewer rf applications of shorter duration compared to the internally-cooled-tip catheter and @-mm-tip catheters , the difference being significant compared with internally cooled ablation .", "no major complications were observed .", "among commonly used ablation catheters , the externally-irrigated catheter has a higher efficacy for rapid achievement of cti block ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['radiofrequency ( rf ) ablation of cavotricuspid isthmus ( cti ) dependent flutter can be performed using different types of ablation catheters .', 'it has been proposed that irrigated and large-tip catheters are capable of creating larger lesions , resulting in greater efficacy .', 'this prospective , randomised clinical study compared the efficacy of irrigated and large-tip catheters of different designs .', 'eighty patients ( @ men , @ + / -@ years ) undergoing de novo rf ablation of cti-dependent flutter were randomised to ablation using one of the following catheters : ( i ) externally-irrigated @ ) , ( ii ) internally-cooled ( n = @ ) , ( iii ) single sensor , @-mm tip ( n = @ ) , or ( iv ) double sensor , @-mm tip ( n = @ ) .', 'the study endpoint was the demonstration of bidirectional cti conduction block within @ min of cumulative rf delivery .', 'crossover to the externally-irrigated catheter was permitted if this was not achieved .', 'the ablation and procedural parameters , safety and efficacy were compared .', 'the primary endpoint was achieved in @ patients ( @ % ) , including all @ patients randomised to the externally-irrigated catheter .', 'crossover was required in @ patients : @ initially using the internally-cooled catheter ( @ % ) , @ using single-sensor , @-mm-tip ( @ % ) , and @ using double-sensor , @-mm-tip ( @ % ) catheters .', 'the higher initial failure rate with the internally-cooled-tip catheter was significant compared to the externally-irrigated ( p = @ ) and single-sensor , @-mm-tip ( p = @ ) catheters .', 'the externally-irrigated catheter achieved the study endpoint more frequently with fewer rf applications of shorter duration compared to the internally-cooled-tip catheter and @-mm-tip catheters , the difference being significant compared with internally cooled ablation .', 'no major complications were observed .', 'among commonly used ablation catheters , the externally-irrigated catheter has a higher efficacy for rapid achievement of cti block .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "to evaluate chiropractic management of primary nocturnal enuresis in children .", "a controlled clinical trial for @ wk preceded by and followed by a @-wk nontreatment period .", "chiropractic clinic of the palmer institute of graduate studies and research .", "forty-six nocturnal enuretic children ( @ treatment and @ control group ) , from a group of @ children initially included in the study , participated in the trial .", "high velocity , short lever adjustments of the spine consistent with the palmer package techniques ; or a sham adjustment using an activator at a nontension setting administered to the examiner 's underlying contact point .", "two @th-year chiropractic students under the supervision of two clinic faculty performed the adjustments .", "frequency of wet nights .", "the post-treatment mean wet night frequency of @ nights/@ wk for the treatment group was significantly less than its baseline mean wet night frequency of @ nights/@ wk ( p = @ ) .", "for the control group , there was practically no change ( @ to @ nights/@ wk ) in the mean wet night frequency from the baseline to the post-treatment .", "the mean pre - to post-treatment change in the wet night frequency for the treatment group compared with the control group did not reach statistical significance ( p = @ ) .", "twenty-five percent of the treatment-group children had @ % or more reduction in the wet night frequency from baseline to post-treatment while none among the control group had such reduction .", "results of the present study strongly suggest the effectiveness of chiropractic treatment for primary nocturnal enuresis .", "a larger study of longer duration with a @-month follow-up is therefore warranted ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['to evaluate chiropractic management of primary nocturnal enuresis in children .', 'a controlled clinical trial for @ wk preceded by and followed by a @-wk nontreatment period .', 'chiropractic clinic of the palmer institute of graduate studies and research .', 'forty-six nocturnal enuretic children ( @ treatment and @ control group ) , from a group of @ children initially included in the study , participated in the trial .', \"high velocity , short lever adjustments of the spine consistent with the palmer package techniques ; or a sham adjustment using an activator at a nontension setting administered to the examiner 's underlying contact point .\", 'two @th-year chiropractic students under the supervision of two clinic faculty performed the adjustments .', 'frequency of wet nights .', 'the post-treatment mean wet night frequency of @ nights/@ wk for the treatment group was significantly less than its baseline mean wet night frequency of @ nights/@ wk ( p = @ ) .', 'for the control group , there was practically no change ( @ to @ nights/@ wk ) in the mean wet night frequency from the baseline to the post-treatment .', 'the mean pre - to post-treatment change in the wet night frequency for the treatment group compared with the control group did not reach statistical significance ( p = @ ) .', 'twenty-five percent of the treatment-group children had @ % or more reduction in the wet night frequency from baseline to post-treatment while none among the control group had such reduction .', 'results of the present study strongly suggest the effectiveness of chiropractic treatment for primary nocturnal enuresis .', 'a larger study of longer duration with a @-month follow-up is therefore warranted .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "METHODS", "OBJECTIVE", "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "prospective randomized comparison of anterior lumbar interbody fusion ( alif ) plus transpedicular instrumentation plus posterolateral fusion ( plf ) ( @ degrees fusion ) to alif plus transpedicular instrumentation without plf ( @ degrees fusion ) .", "to compare the clinical outcomes , costs , and utilization of health resources of @ degrees versus @ degrees fusions .", "the @ degrees fusion is effective , but its costs and utilization of health resources are high .", "the plf often resorbs and may not be necessary .", "before and after surgery pain was measured by the numerical rating scale ( nrs ) , and function was measured by the oswestry low back disability index ( osi ) .", "costs were calculated by billing records .", "operating times , blood loss , and hospital stays were measured at the time of hospital discharge .", "there were @ patients : @ women and @ men .", "mean age was @ years .", "follow-up averaged @ months ( range @-@ months ) .", "in both @ degrees and @ degrees fusions , there were significant improvements in nrs and osi , and the percentage of solid alif was high .", "only @ % of plf appeared solid bilaterally and @ % appeared solid on one side only .", "there were no significant differences in changes in nrs , changes in osi , or percentage solid alif between the @ degrees and @ degrees fusions .", "however , the @ degrees fusion group had significantly less blood loss , shorter operative times , shorter hospital stays , and lower professional fees , and although hospital charges were lower , this difference was not significant .", "both the @ degrees and @ degrees fusions significantly reduce pain and improve function , and there are no significant clinical differences between them .", "however , there were shorter operating times , less blood loss , lower costs , and less utilization of health care resources associated with the @ degrees fusions ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['prospective randomized comparison of anterior lumbar interbody fusion ( alif ) plus transpedicular instrumentation plus posterolateral fusion ( plf ) ( @ degrees fusion ) to alif plus transpedicular instrumentation without plf ( @ degrees fusion ) .', 'to compare the clinical outcomes , costs , and utilization of health resources of @ degrees versus @ degrees fusions .', 'the @ degrees fusion is effective , but its costs and utilization of health resources are high .', 'the plf often resorbs and may not be necessary .', 'before and after surgery pain was measured by the numerical rating scale ( nrs ) , and function was measured by the oswestry low back disability index ( osi ) .', 'costs were calculated by billing records .', 'operating times , blood loss , and hospital stays were measured at the time of hospital discharge .', 'there were @ patients : @ women and @ men .', 'mean age was @ years .', 'follow-up averaged @ months ( range @-@ months ) .', 'in both @ degrees and @ degrees fusions , there were significant improvements in nrs and osi , and the percentage of solid alif was high .', 'only @ % of plf appeared solid bilaterally and @ % appeared solid on one side only .', 'there were no significant differences in changes in nrs , changes in osi , or percentage solid alif between the @ degrees and @ degrees fusions .', 'however , the @ degrees fusion group had significantly less blood loss , shorter operative times , shorter hospital stays , and lower professional fees , and although hospital charges were lower , this difference was not significant .', 'both the @ degrees and @ degrees fusions significantly reduce pain and improve function , and there are no significant clinical differences between them .', 'however , there were shorter operating times , less blood loss , lower costs , and less utilization of health care resources associated with the @ degrees fusions .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['METHODS', 'OBJECTIVE', 'BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "we conducted a qualitative investigation of patients with type @ diabetes to determine their perceived facilitators and barriers to exercise at multiple time points while enrolled in a randomized exercise trial including aerobic , resistance or combined exercise .", "we explored differences in these themes over time , between intervention groups and by adherence level after intervention .", "interviews were conducted by telephone at @ weeks ( run-in period ) , and at @ ( midintervention ) , @ ( end of intervention ) and @ months ( maintenance ) after enrollment to assess factors that facilitated and hampered adherence to the exercise program .", "audiotapes were transcribed verbatim and subjected to content analysis .", "participants ( n = @ ) with type @ diabetes engaged in the interviews .", "social support from family and the trainer , future health benefits , a sense of well-being and perceived fitness improvements were exercise facilitators .", "experiencing illness or injury , work commitments and inclement weather were highlighted barriers .", "a sense of well-being , fitness improvements and enjoyment frequently were expressed by participants assigned to the combined and resistance exercise conditions .", "participants who maintained prescribed exercise levels tended to be engaged in resistance exercise , and spoke of support from their personal trainers , the importance of strategies and enjoyment more frequently than those who did not maintain their exercise level .", "exercise maintainers also cited more facilitators ; no differences were found for barriers .", "patients with type @ diabetes require social support , including continued contact with exercise specialists .", "patients need assistance with motivational enhancement and strategies to increase facilitators to maintain exercise behaviour .", "incorporating resistance exercise improves well-being and enjoyment-@ important factors linked to exercise maintenance ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['we conducted a qualitative investigation of patients with type @ diabetes to determine their perceived facilitators and barriers to exercise at multiple time points while enrolled in a randomized exercise trial including aerobic , resistance or combined exercise .', 'we explored differences in these themes over time , between intervention groups and by adherence level after intervention .', 'interviews were conducted by telephone at @ weeks ( run-in period ) , and at @ ( midintervention ) , @ ( end of intervention ) and @ months ( maintenance ) after enrollment to assess factors that facilitated and hampered adherence to the exercise program .', 'audiotapes were transcribed verbatim and subjected to content analysis .', 'participants ( n = @ ) with type @ diabetes engaged in the interviews .', 'social support from family and the trainer , future health benefits , a sense of well-being and perceived fitness improvements were exercise facilitators .', 'experiencing illness or injury , work commitments and inclement weather were highlighted barriers .', 'a sense of well-being , fitness improvements and enjoyment frequently were expressed by participants assigned to the combined and resistance exercise conditions .', 'participants who maintained prescribed exercise levels tended to be engaged in resistance exercise , and spoke of support from their personal trainers , the importance of strategies and enjoyment more frequently than those who did not maintain their exercise level .', 'exercise maintainers also cited more facilitators ; no differences were found for barriers .', 'patients with type @ diabetes require social support , including continued contact with exercise specialists .', 'patients need assistance with motivational enhancement and strategies to increase facilitators to maintain exercise behaviour .', 'incorporating resistance exercise improves well-being and enjoyment-@ important factors linked to exercise maintenance .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "BACKGROUND", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "the efficacy of intravesical gemcitabine was evaluated compared with repeated administration of bacille calmette-gurin ( bcg ) after bcg failure in high-risk , non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer ( bc ) .", "in this multicenter , prospective , randomized , phase @ trial , eligible patients were those with high-risk non-muscle-invasive bc , failing @ course of bcg therapy .", "all patients were randomly allocated to group a , receiving intravesical gemcitabine ( at a dose of @ mg/@ ml ) twice weekly for @ consecutive weeks and then weekly for @ consecutive weeks at @ , @ , and @ months , or group b , receiving intravesical bcg ( connaught strain , @ mg/@ ml ) over a @-week induction course and each week for @ weeks at @ , @ , and @ months .", "outcome measures were recurrence rate , time to first recurrence , and progression rate .", "treatment-related complications were also evaluated .", "eighty participants were enrolled , @ for each group @ % in group a developed disease recurrence versus @ % of those in group b ( p = @ ) .", "there was no statistically significant difference in mean time to the first recurrence ( group a , @ months ; group b , @ months ; p = @ ) .", "kaplan-meier analysis of @-year recurrence-free survival showed significant differences between group a and b ( @ % and @ % , respectively , p < @ ) .", "seven of @ ( @ % ) patients in group a and @ of @ ( @ % ) patients in group b had disease progression and underwent radical cystectomy ( p = @ ) .", "both intravesical administrations were generally well tolerated .", "gemcitabine might represent a second-line treatment option after bcg failure in high-risk non-muscle-invasive bc patients ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['the efficacy of intravesical gemcitabine was evaluated compared with repeated administration of bacille calmette-gurin ( bcg ) after bcg failure in high-risk , non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer ( bc ) .', 'in this multicenter , prospective , randomized , phase @ trial , eligible patients were those with high-risk non-muscle-invasive bc , failing @ course of bcg therapy .', 'all patients were randomly allocated to group a , receiving intravesical gemcitabine ( at a dose of @ mg/@ ml ) twice weekly for @ consecutive weeks and then weekly for @ consecutive weeks at @ , @ , and @ months , or group b , receiving intravesical bcg ( connaught strain , @ mg/@ ml ) over a @-week induction course and each week for @ weeks at @ , @ , and @ months .', 'outcome measures were recurrence rate , time to first recurrence , and progression rate .', 'treatment-related complications were also evaluated .', 'eighty participants were enrolled , @ for each group @ % in group a developed disease recurrence versus @ % of those in group b ( p = @ ) .', 'there was no statistically significant difference in mean time to the first recurrence ( group a , @ months ; group b , @ months ; p = @ ) .', 'kaplan-meier analysis of @-year recurrence-free survival showed significant differences between group a and b ( @ % and @ % , respectively , p < @ ) .', 'seven of @ ( @ % ) patients in group a and @ of @ ( @ % ) patients in group b had disease progression and underwent radical cystectomy ( p = @ ) .', 'both intravesical administrations were generally well tolerated .', 'gemcitabine might represent a second-line treatment option after bcg failure in high-risk non-muscle-invasive bc patients .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "to compare the effects on insulin sensitivity , body composition and glycaemic control of the recommended standard weight-maintaining diabetes diet and an isocaloric low-fat diabetes diet during two , @-month periods in patients with type @ diabetes .", "thirteen type @ patients were included , of whom @ completed the cross-over study .", "ten non-diabetic , matched control subjects were also examined .", "body composition was estimated by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry ( dxa ) whole-body scanning , diet intake was monitored by @-day dietary record and insulin sensitivity was measured by the insulin clamp technique at baseline and after each of the diet intervention periods .", "on an isocaloric low-fat diet , type @ diabetic patients significantly reduced the proportion of fat in the total daily energy intake by @ % ( or -@ % of total energy ) as compared with a conventional diabetes diet ( p = @ ) .", "the daily protein and carbohydrate intake increased ( +@ % of total energy intake , p = @ and +@ % , p = @ , respectively ) , while alcohol intake decreased ( -@ % of total energy intake , p = @ ) .", "there was a significant improvement in insulin sensitivity on the isocaloric , low-fat diet compared with the standard diabetes diet [ @ + / - @ mg/kg/min ( mean + / - sd ) vs. @ + / - @ mg/kg/min ( p = @ ) ] .", "however , insulin sensitivity remained @ % lower than in the control subjects ( p = @ ) .", "no significant changes occurred in body weight or body composition .", "glycated haemoglobin rose during both diet intervention periods ( p = @ ) , with no difference between the two diets .", "change to an isocaloric , low-fat diet in type @ diabetic patients during a @-month period resulted in significant improvement in insulin sensitivity without improvement in glycaemic control .", "however , insulin sensitivity remained @ % lower than in control subjects ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['to compare the effects on insulin sensitivity , body composition and glycaemic control of the recommended standard weight-maintaining diabetes diet and an isocaloric low-fat diabetes diet during two , @-month periods in patients with type @ diabetes .', 'thirteen type @ patients were included , of whom @ completed the cross-over study .', 'ten non-diabetic , matched control subjects were also examined .', 'body composition was estimated by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry ( dxa ) whole-body scanning , diet intake was monitored by @-day dietary record and insulin sensitivity was measured by the insulin clamp technique at baseline and after each of the diet intervention periods .', 'on an isocaloric low-fat diet , type @ diabetic patients significantly reduced the proportion of fat in the total daily energy intake by @ % ( or -@ % of total energy ) as compared with a conventional diabetes diet ( p = @ ) .', 'the daily protein and carbohydrate intake increased ( +@ % of total energy intake , p = @ and +@ % , p = @ , respectively ) , while alcohol intake decreased ( -@ % of total energy intake , p = @ ) .', 'there was a significant improvement in insulin sensitivity on the isocaloric , low-fat diet compared with the standard diabetes diet [ @ + / - @ mg/kg/min ( mean + / - sd ) vs. @ + / - @ mg/kg/min ( p = @ ) ] .', 'however , insulin sensitivity remained @ % lower than in the control subjects ( p = @ ) .', 'no significant changes occurred in body weight or body composition .', 'glycated haemoglobin rose during both diet intervention periods ( p = @ ) , with no difference between the two diets .', 'change to an isocaloric , low-fat diet in type @ diabetic patients during a @-month period resulted in significant improvement in insulin sensitivity without improvement in glycaemic control .', 'however , insulin sensitivity remained @ % lower than in control subjects .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "to evaluate the effects of creatine monohydrate ( cmh ) supplementation on global dna methylation and disease-specific clinical symptoms in female patients with rett syndrome ( rtt ) .", "double-blind , randomized , placebo-controlled crossover trial of female patients with rtt .", "participants received @ mg/kg of either cmh or placebo daily for @ months and switched following a @-week washout period .", "primary endpoints were change in global dna methylation and in a rtt-specific symptom score as defined by medical history and clinical evaluation with rett syndrome motor and behavioral assessment .", "secondary endpoints were changes in biochemical markers of methionine metabolism .", "eighteen female patients aged @ to @ years with clinically diagnosed typical rtt and mecp@ mutation at clinical stages iii or iv were studied .", "cmh supplementation resulted in a statistically significant increase of global methylation by @ ( @ % confidence interval @-@ @ , p = @ ) compared with placebo .", "total and subscores of rett syndrome motor and behavioral assessment tended to improve but without statistical significance .", "cmh supplementation increases global dna methylation statistically significantly .", "scores were lower for creatine than for placebo reflecting clinical improvement but not reaching statistical significance .", "biochemical variables of methionine-homocysteine remethylation are unaffected .", "multicenter studies are urgently warranted to evaluate the long-term effects of cmh supplementation in an optimally homogenous rtt population over a prolonged period ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['to evaluate the effects of creatine monohydrate ( cmh ) supplementation on global dna methylation and disease-specific clinical symptoms in female patients with rett syndrome ( rtt ) .', 'double-blind , randomized , placebo-controlled crossover trial of female patients with rtt .', 'participants received @ mg/kg of either cmh or placebo daily for @ months and switched following a @-week washout period .', 'primary endpoints were change in global dna methylation and in a rtt-specific symptom score as defined by medical history and clinical evaluation with rett syndrome motor and behavioral assessment .', 'secondary endpoints were changes in biochemical markers of methionine metabolism .', 'eighteen female patients aged @ to @ years with clinically diagnosed typical rtt and mecp@ mutation at clinical stages iii or iv were studied .', 'cmh supplementation resulted in a statistically significant increase of global methylation by @ ( @ % confidence interval @-@ @ , p = @ ) compared with placebo .', 'total and subscores of rett syndrome motor and behavioral assessment tended to improve but without statistical significance .', 'cmh supplementation increases global dna methylation statistically significantly .', 'scores were lower for creatine than for placebo reflecting clinical improvement but not reaching statistical significance .', 'biochemical variables of methionine-homocysteine remethylation are unaffected .', 'multicenter studies are urgently warranted to evaluate the long-term effects of cmh supplementation in an optimally homogenous rtt population over a prolonged period .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "to measure the effect of seeing a photograph of the pelvic findings at laparoscopy .", "two university teaching hospitals .", "a randomised-controlled trial .", "two hundred thirty-three women undergoing diagnostic laparoscopy for the investigation of chronic pelvic pain .", "at operation a polaroid print was taken of the pelvis .", "if this was of satisfactory quality , the patient was randomly allocated to either see , or not see , the print during the postoperative consultation .", "pain severity and pain belief scores at @ and @ months .", "by intention to treat .", "postoperative consultations with photographs did not improve immediate understanding and satisfaction with the consultation .", "in addition , compared to controls , both patients and doctors did not perceive particular benefit for communication from the photograph .", "there was a consistent trend to more pain in the photographic reinforcement group and more negative pain beliefs .", "at @ months , the average within person differences showed some benefit in visual analogue pain scores , mcgill affect scores , ` permanence ' and ` self-blame ' scores .", "these benefits were not statistically significant .", "at @ months , there was a consistent pattern of benefit from pain severity and pain beliefs , again these benefits were not statistically significant .", "no clear benefits result from showing patients photographs of their pelvis ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['to measure the effect of seeing a photograph of the pelvic findings at laparoscopy .', 'two university teaching hospitals .', 'a randomised-controlled trial .', 'two hundred thirty-three women undergoing diagnostic laparoscopy for the investigation of chronic pelvic pain .', 'at operation a polaroid print was taken of the pelvis .', 'if this was of satisfactory quality , the patient was randomly allocated to either see , or not see , the print during the postoperative consultation .', 'pain severity and pain belief scores at @ and @ months .', 'by intention to treat .', 'postoperative consultations with photographs did not improve immediate understanding and satisfaction with the consultation .', 'in addition , compared to controls , both patients and doctors did not perceive particular benefit for communication from the photograph .', 'there was a consistent trend to more pain in the photographic reinforcement group and more negative pain beliefs .', \"at @ months , the average within person differences showed some benefit in visual analogue pain scores , mcgill affect scores , ` permanence ' and ` self-blame ' scores .\", 'these benefits were not statistically significant .', 'at @ months , there was a consistent pattern of benefit from pain severity and pain beliefs , again these benefits were not statistically significant .', 'no clear benefits result from showing patients photographs of their pelvis .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "the practice guidelines of cardiological and diabetological societies emphasise that cardiovascular ( cv ) risk control in diabetic patients is especially important and should be stricter than in subjects without diabetes .", "there are little data on the frequency of meeting treatment goals in patients with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus type @ ( dm@ ) .", "to characterise polish patients with dm@ diagnosed within the previous two years and to assess if the treatment targets from the current ( @ ) guidelines of diabetes poland regarding control of cv risk factors are met .", "aretaeus@ was a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study conducted in various regions of poland in @ ( january-april ) .", "it involved @,@ patients of all ages and both genders , who had dm@ treated for less than @ months .", "they were recruited by randomly selected physicians .", "total cholesterol treatment goal ( < @ mmol/l ) was met in @ % of all patients , triglycerides treatment goal ( < @ mmol/l ) in @ % , ldl cholesterol treatment goal ( < @ mmol/l ) in @ % and hdl cholesterol treatment goal ( > @ mmol/l in men and > @ mmol/l in women ) in @ % .", "only @ % of the overall population met the goal of blood pressure ( bp ) below @/@ mm hg .", "when a less restrictive bp control threshold ( < @/@ mm hg ) was applied , @ % of patients had their bp below the threshold .", "in the analysis of subgroups ( patients with and without previous cv events ; receiving @-@ or not receiving antihypertensive drugs ; receiving and not receiving statins and fibrates ) we observed from @ % to @ % of patients meeting three ( hba@c , bp and cholesterol ) treatment goals .", "the percentages of patients meeting two out of three treatment goals were between @ % and @ % in different subgroups .", "the percentages of patients meeting only one out of three treatment goals ranged from @ % to @ % or at least one - from @ % to @ % .", "most patients with newly diagnosed diabetes are not meeting their treatment goals regarding control of cv risk factors , which indicates relatively low adherence to national guideline recommendations for diabetes control and primary cv prevention in dm@ .", "difficulties in achieving cv treatment targets in the diabetic population indicate the need for a great deal of effort on the part of clinicians and patients .", "practice guidelines developers should consider what treatment targets are achievable at a reasonable expense of effort ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['the practice guidelines of cardiological and diabetological societies emphasise that cardiovascular ( cv ) risk control in diabetic patients is especially important and should be stricter than in subjects without diabetes .', 'there are little data on the frequency of meeting treatment goals in patients with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus type @ ( dm@ ) .', 'to characterise polish patients with dm@ diagnosed within the previous two years and to assess if the treatment targets from the current ( @ ) guidelines of diabetes poland regarding control of cv risk factors are met .', 'aretaeus@ was a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study conducted in various regions of poland in @ ( january-april ) .', 'it involved @,@ patients of all ages and both genders , who had dm@ treated for less than @ months .', 'they were recruited by randomly selected physicians .', 'total cholesterol treatment goal ( < @ mmol/l ) was met in @ % of all patients , triglycerides treatment goal ( < @ mmol/l ) in @ % , ldl cholesterol treatment goal ( < @ mmol/l ) in @ % and hdl cholesterol treatment goal ( > @ mmol/l in men and > @ mmol/l in women ) in @ % .', 'only @ % of the overall population met the goal of blood pressure ( bp ) below @/@ mm hg .', 'when a less restrictive bp control threshold ( < @/@ mm hg ) was applied , @ % of patients had their bp below the threshold .', 'in the analysis of subgroups ( patients with and without previous cv events ; receiving @-@ or not receiving antihypertensive drugs ; receiving and not receiving statins and fibrates ) we observed from @ % to @ % of patients meeting three ( hba@c , bp and cholesterol ) treatment goals .', 'the percentages of patients meeting two out of three treatment goals were between @ % and @ % in different subgroups .', 'the percentages of patients meeting only one out of three treatment goals ranged from @ % to @ % or at least one - from @ % to @ % .', 'most patients with newly diagnosed diabetes are not meeting their treatment goals regarding control of cv risk factors , which indicates relatively low adherence to national guideline recommendations for diabetes control and primary cv prevention in dm@ .', 'difficulties in achieving cv treatment targets in the diabetic population indicate the need for a great deal of effort on the part of clinicians and patients .', 'practice guidelines developers should consider what treatment targets are achievable at a reasonable expense of effort .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "OBJECTIVE", "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ( nsaids ) in patients treated with oral anticoagulants is generally discouraged due to the risk of interactions that could increase the risk of bleeding complications .", "available data suggest the nsaid , nabumetone , does not produce such an interaction .", "we investigated whether nabumetone would interact with acenocoumarol , an oral anticoagulant widely used in some european countries .", "a double-blind , randomized , placebo-controlled study was conducted evaluating nabumetone ( @-@ g daily for up to @ weeks ) in osteoarthritis patients with thromboembolic risk previously stabilized on acenocoumarol .", "the primary efficacy end point was the proportion of patients whose international normalized ratio ( inr ) remained within established margins and whose acenocoumarol dose was not changed .", "fifty-six patients were randomized to receive nabumetone ( n = @ ) or placebo ( n = @ ) .", "eighteen patients in each group ( @ % for nabumetone and @ % for placebo ) completed the study without showing inr or acenocoumarol dose changes , and were considered as study successes .", "nine patients ( @ % ) with nabumetone and @ ( @ % ) with placebo were considered study failures in the intention-to-treat analysis ( one patient on nabumetone and four on placebo did not complete the study due to reasons not related to inr and acenocoumarol dose changes ) .", "no significant differences were found between groups with regard to study successes .", "there were two minor bleeding complications , one in each group .", "six patients per group presented with eight adverse experiences in each group .", "treatment with nabumetone did not alter inr levels compared with placebo in patients stabilized on oral acenocoumarol who require nsaid therapy .", "these results suggest that nabumetone does not produce a clinically relevant interaction with acenocoumarol .", "in orally anticoagulated patients without other associated risk factors , treatment with nabumetone for up to @ weeks does not require increased monitoring of inr levels ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ( nsaids ) in patients treated with oral anticoagulants is generally discouraged due to the risk of interactions that could increase the risk of bleeding complications .', 'available data suggest the nsaid , nabumetone , does not produce such an interaction .', 'we investigated whether nabumetone would interact with acenocoumarol , an oral anticoagulant widely used in some european countries .', 'a double-blind , randomized , placebo-controlled study was conducted evaluating nabumetone ( @-@ g daily for up to @ weeks ) in osteoarthritis patients with thromboembolic risk previously stabilized on acenocoumarol .', 'the primary efficacy end point was the proportion of patients whose international normalized ratio ( inr ) remained within established margins and whose acenocoumarol dose was not changed .', 'fifty-six patients were randomized to receive nabumetone ( n = @ ) or placebo ( n = @ ) .', 'eighteen patients in each group ( @ % for nabumetone and @ % for placebo ) completed the study without showing inr or acenocoumarol dose changes , and were considered as study successes .', 'nine patients ( @ % ) with nabumetone and @ ( @ % ) with placebo were considered study failures in the intention-to-treat analysis ( one patient on nabumetone and four on placebo did not complete the study due to reasons not related to inr and acenocoumarol dose changes ) .', 'no significant differences were found between groups with regard to study successes .', 'there were two minor bleeding complications , one in each group .', 'six patients per group presented with eight adverse experiences in each group .', 'treatment with nabumetone did not alter inr levels compared with placebo in patients stabilized on oral acenocoumarol who require nsaid therapy .', 'these results suggest that nabumetone does not produce a clinically relevant interaction with acenocoumarol .', 'in orally anticoagulated patients without other associated risk factors , treatment with nabumetone for up to @ weeks does not require increased monitoring of inr levels .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'OBJECTIVE', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "the study 's objective was to assess the effects of automated telephone outreach with speech recognition ( ato-sr ) on diabetes-related testing .", "we identified @,@ health plan members who were overdue for diabetes-related testing and randomly allocated @ to ato-sr and @ to usual care ( no intervention ) .", "the intervention included three interactive calls encouraging recommended testing .", "the primary outcome was retinopathy testing , since this was the health plan 's principal goal .", "tests for glycemia , hyperlipidemia , and nephropathy were secondary outcomes .", "in total , @ participants ( @ % ) verbally responded to the calls .", "there was no difference between the intervention and the usual care groups in the primary outcome ( adjusted hazard ratio @ [ @ % ci @-@ @ ] ) and no effect of the intervention on any of the secondary outcomes .", "fewer than @ % of the patients randomized to ato-sr interacted verbally with the system .", "the intervention had no effect on the study 's outcomes ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: [\"the study 's objective was to assess the effects of automated telephone outreach with speech recognition ( ato-sr ) on diabetes-related testing .\", 'we identified @,@ health plan members who were overdue for diabetes-related testing and randomly allocated @ to ato-sr and @ to usual care ( no intervention ) .', 'the intervention included three interactive calls encouraging recommended testing .', \"the primary outcome was retinopathy testing , since this was the health plan 's principal goal .\", 'tests for glycemia , hyperlipidemia , and nephropathy were secondary outcomes .', 'in total , @ participants ( @ % ) verbally responded to the calls .', 'there was no difference between the intervention and the usual care groups in the primary outcome ( adjusted hazard ratio @ [ @ % ci @-@ @ ] ) and no effect of the intervention on any of the secondary outcomes .', 'fewer than @ % of the patients randomized to ato-sr interacted verbally with the system .', \"the intervention had no effect on the study 's outcomes .\"]" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "preparations of vitex agnus castus l. ( vac ) have been shown to be effective to treat irregular menstrual cycles , cyclical mastalgia and symptoms of the premenstrual syndrome ( pms ) .", "however , the dose-effect relationship for the treatment of pms has not yet been established .", "this study aimed to investigate the clinical effects of three different doses of the vac extract ze @ in comparison to placebo in patients suffering from pms .", "in a multicenter , double-blind , placebo-controlled , parallel-group study , @ female patients with pms ( @-@ years ) were randomized to either placebo or different doses of ze @ ( @ , @ and @ mg ) over three menstrual cycles .", "pms symptoms ' severity was assessed by patients using visual analog scales ( vas ) for the symptoms irritability , mood alteration , anger , headache , bloating and breast fullness .", "each of the treatments was well tolerated .", "improvement in the total symptom score ( tss ) in the @mg group was significantly higher than in the placebo and @ mg treatment group .", "the higher dose of @ mg , on the other hand , did not significantly decrease symptom severity compared to the @mg treatment , providing a rational for the usage of @mg .", "corresponding results were observed with the single pms symptom scores .", "this study demonstrated that the vac extract ze @ was effective in relieving symptoms of pms , when applied in a dose of @mg .", "therefore , for patients suffering from pms , @mg ze @ should be the preferred daily dose ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['preparations of vitex agnus castus l. ( vac ) have been shown to be effective to treat irregular menstrual cycles , cyclical mastalgia and symptoms of the premenstrual syndrome ( pms ) .', 'however , the dose-effect relationship for the treatment of pms has not yet been established .', 'this study aimed to investigate the clinical effects of three different doses of the vac extract ze @ in comparison to placebo in patients suffering from pms .', 'in a multicenter , double-blind , placebo-controlled , parallel-group study , @ female patients with pms ( @-@ years ) were randomized to either placebo or different doses of ze @ ( @ , @ and @ mg ) over three menstrual cycles .', \"pms symptoms ' severity was assessed by patients using visual analog scales ( vas ) for the symptoms irritability , mood alteration , anger , headache , bloating and breast fullness .\", 'each of the treatments was well tolerated .', 'improvement in the total symptom score ( tss ) in the @mg group was significantly higher than in the placebo and @ mg treatment group .', 'the higher dose of @ mg , on the other hand , did not significantly decrease symptom severity compared to the @mg treatment , providing a rational for the usage of @mg .', 'corresponding results were observed with the single pms symptom scores .', 'this study demonstrated that the vac extract ze @ was effective in relieving symptoms of pms , when applied in a dose of @mg .', 'therefore , for patients suffering from pms , @mg ze @ should be the preferred daily dose .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "this study was performed to evaluate a once-daily dual-therapy regimen , maraviroc ( mvc ) + atazanavir/ritonavir ( atv/r ) , in treatment-naive patients .", "a phase @b , randomized , open-label pilot study .", "in study a@ ( nct@ ) , treatment-naive patients with ccr@-tropic hiv-@ ( hiv-@ rna @ copies/ml ; cd@ cell count @ cells/mm ) were randomized to receive either mvc @ mg once daily ( n = @ ) or tenofovir/emtricitabine ( tdf/ftc ) @/@ mg once daily ( n = @ ) + atv/r @/@ mg once daily .", "primary endpoint was proportion of patients with hiv-@ rna < @ copies per milliliter at week @ .", "at week @ , @ ( @ % ) and @ ( @ % ) patients in the mvc and tdf/ftc treatment groups , respectively , had plasma hiv-@ rna < @ copies per milliliter .", "median change from baseline in cd@ cell count at week @ was +@ and +@ cells per cubic millimeter with mvc and tdf/ftc , respectively .", "seven patients discontinued from each arm ; there were no deaths .", "the incidence of serious adverse events ( aes ) was similar in each group ; however , there were more grade @/@ aes in the mvc group ( @ vs @ ) , mostly due to hyperbilirubinemia .", "three patients in each arm were evaluable for virological analysis at discontinuation or failure ( hiv-@ rna > @ copies/ml ) ; no genotypic resistance , change in tropism , or loss of susceptibility relevant to treatment was observed .", "the virological activity and immunological benefit of once-daily mvc + atv/r were confirmed .", "indirect hyperbilirubinemia and associated signs were the most commonly reported aes in both study treatment groups and were not associated with significant transaminase increases .", "no drug resistance occurred ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['this study was performed to evaluate a once-daily dual-therapy regimen , maraviroc ( mvc ) + atazanavir/ritonavir ( atv/r ) , in treatment-naive patients .', 'a phase @b , randomized , open-label pilot study .', 'in study a@ ( nct@ ) , treatment-naive patients with ccr@-tropic hiv-@ ( hiv-@ rna @ copies/ml ; cd@ cell count @ cells/mm ) were randomized to receive either mvc @ mg once daily ( n = @ ) or tenofovir/emtricitabine ( tdf/ftc ) @/@ mg once daily ( n = @ ) + atv/r @/@ mg once daily .', 'primary endpoint was proportion of patients with hiv-@ rna < @ copies per milliliter at week @ .', 'at week @ , @ ( @ % ) and @ ( @ % ) patients in the mvc and tdf/ftc treatment groups , respectively , had plasma hiv-@ rna < @ copies per milliliter .', 'median change from baseline in cd@ cell count at week @ was +@ and +@ cells per cubic millimeter with mvc and tdf/ftc , respectively .', 'seven patients discontinued from each arm ; there were no deaths .', 'the incidence of serious adverse events ( aes ) was similar in each group ; however , there were more grade @/@ aes in the mvc group ( @ vs @ ) , mostly due to hyperbilirubinemia .', 'three patients in each arm were evaluable for virological analysis at discontinuation or failure ( hiv-@ rna > @ copies/ml ) ; no genotypic resistance , change in tropism , or loss of susceptibility relevant to treatment was observed .', 'the virological activity and immunological benefit of once-daily mvc + atv/r were confirmed .', 'indirect hyperbilirubinemia and associated signs were the most commonly reported aes in both study treatment groups and were not associated with significant transaminase increases .', 'no drug resistance occurred .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "assessment of the effectiveness and safety of high daily @ microg ( @,@ iu ) or @ microg ( @,@ iu ) doses of vitamin d ( @ ) during @ months , in rapidly obtaining adequate @ hydroxyvitamin d ( @ohd ) levels .", "longitudinal study .", "postmenopausal osteopenic/osteoporotic women ( n = @ ) were studied during winter and spring .", "median age ( @-@th percentile ) was @ ( @-@ @ ) years , and mean bone mineral density ( bmd ) was @ ( @-@ @ ) g/cm ( @ ) .", "subjects were randomly divided into three groups : control group ( n = @ ) : no vitamin d ( @ ) , @ mug/day ( n = @ ) and @ microg/day ( n = @ ) of vitamin d ( @ ) groups , all receiving @ mg calcium/day .", "serum calcium , phosphate , bone alkaline phosphatase ( bap ) , c-telopeptide ( ctx ) , @ohd , mid-molecule parathyroid hormone ( mmpth ) , daily urinary calcium and creatinine excretion were determined at baseline and monthly .", "for all subjects ( n = @ ) , the median baseline @ hydroxyvitamin d ( @ohd ) level was @ ( @-@ @ ) nmol/l .", "after @ months , @ % of the patients in the control group , @ % in the @ microg/day group and @ % in the @ microg/day group had @ohd values above @ nmol/l ( @ ng/ml ) .", "considering both vitamin d ( @ ) groups together , mmpth and bap levels diminished significantly after @ months ( p < @ ) , unlike those of ctx .", "serum calcium remained within normal range during the follow-up .", "the oral dose of vitamin d ( @ ) required to rapidly achieve adequate levels of @ohd is seemingly much higher than the usual recommended vitamin d ( @ ) dose ( @ mug/day ) .", "during @ months , @ microg/day of vitamin d ( @ ) most effectively raised @ohd levels to @ nmol/l in @ % of the postmenopausal osteopenic/osteoporotic women treated ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['assessment of the effectiveness and safety of high daily @ microg ( @,@ iu ) or @ microg ( @,@ iu ) doses of vitamin d ( @ ) during @ months , in rapidly obtaining adequate @ hydroxyvitamin d ( @ohd ) levels .', 'longitudinal study .', 'postmenopausal osteopenic/osteoporotic women ( n = @ ) were studied during winter and spring .', 'median age ( @-@th percentile ) was @ ( @-@ @ ) years , and mean bone mineral density ( bmd ) was @ ( @-@ @ ) g/cm ( @ ) .', 'subjects were randomly divided into three groups : control group ( n = @ ) : no vitamin d ( @ ) , @ mug/day ( n = @ ) and @ microg/day ( n = @ ) of vitamin d ( @ ) groups , all receiving @ mg calcium/day .', 'serum calcium , phosphate , bone alkaline phosphatase ( bap ) , c-telopeptide ( ctx ) , @ohd , mid-molecule parathyroid hormone ( mmpth ) , daily urinary calcium and creatinine excretion were determined at baseline and monthly .', 'for all subjects ( n = @ ) , the median baseline @ hydroxyvitamin d ( @ohd ) level was @ ( @-@ @ ) nmol/l .', 'after @ months , @ % of the patients in the control group , @ % in the @ microg/day group and @ % in the @ microg/day group had @ohd values above @ nmol/l ( @ ng/ml ) .', 'considering both vitamin d ( @ ) groups together , mmpth and bap levels diminished significantly after @ months ( p < @ ) , unlike those of ctx .', 'serum calcium remained within normal range during the follow-up .', 'the oral dose of vitamin d ( @ ) required to rapidly achieve adequate levels of @ohd is seemingly much higher than the usual recommended vitamin d ( @ ) dose ( @ mug/day ) .', 'during @ months , @ microg/day of vitamin d ( @ ) most effectively raised @ohd levels to @ nmol/l in @ % of the postmenopausal osteopenic/osteoporotic women treated .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "the common cold is a viral infection with symptoms such as sneezing , sore throat , and running nose .", "it is one of the most prevalent illnesses in the world , and although commonly caused by rhinoviruses , antibiotics are often prescribed unnecessarily .", "therefore , it is of utmost importance to evaluate alternative treatments such as herbal medications , whose efficacy and safety is proven by pharmacological and clinical studies .", "the aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of a liquid herbal drug preparation from the roots of pelargonium sidoides compared with placebo in adult patients with the common cold .", "the study was designed as a multicenter , prospective , randomized , double blind , parallel group , placebo-controlled phase iii clinical trial with an adaptive group-sequential design .", "the study took place in eight outpatient departments affiliated with hospitals .", "one hundred three male and female adult patients with at least two major and one minor or with one major and three minor cold symptoms ( maximum symptom score of @ points ) , present for @ to @ hours , and who gave provision of informed consent were randomized to receive either @ drops ( @ ml ) of the liquid herbal drug preparation eps or placebo three times a day .", "patients received randomized treatment for a maximum period of @ days .", "the primary outcome criterion was the sum of symptom intensity differences ( ssid ) of the cold intensity score ( cis ) from day one to day five .", "the cis consists of the following @ cold symptoms : nasal drainage , sore throat , nasal congestion , sneezing , scratchy throat , hoarseness , cough , headache , muscle aches , and fever .", "from baseline to day five , the mean ssid improved by @ + / - @ points in the eps group compared with @ + / - @ points in the placebo group .", "this difference was statistically significant ( p < @ ) .", "the mean cis decreased by @ + / - @ points and @ + / - @ points in eps and placebo-treated patients , respectively .", "after @ days , @ % versus @ % in the eps versus placebo group were clinically cured ( cis equals zero points or complete resolution of all but a maximum of one cold symptom ; p < @ ) .", "the mean duration of inability to work was significantly lower in the eps treatment group ( @ + / - @ days ) than in the placebo group ( @ + / - @ days ; p = @ ) .", "treatment outcome ( rates of complete recovery or major improvement from disease [ integrative medicine outcomes scale ] ) was assessed better in the eps treatment group than in the placebo group by both the investigator and the patient on day five ( p < @ ) .", "adverse events occurred in three of @ patients ( @ % ) , with two of @ ( @ % ) and one of @ ( @ % ) patients in the eps and placebo group , respectively .", "all adverse events were assessed as nonserious .", "at the end of treatment , all patients ( @ % ) in the active treatment group judged the subjective tolerability of eps as good or very good .", "eps represents an effective treatment of the common cold .", "it significantly reduces the severity of symptoms and shortens the duration of the common cold compared with placebo .", "the herbal drug is well tolerated ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['the common cold is a viral infection with symptoms such as sneezing , sore throat , and running nose .', 'it is one of the most prevalent illnesses in the world , and although commonly caused by rhinoviruses , antibiotics are often prescribed unnecessarily .', 'therefore , it is of utmost importance to evaluate alternative treatments such as herbal medications , whose efficacy and safety is proven by pharmacological and clinical studies .', 'the aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of a liquid herbal drug preparation from the roots of pelargonium sidoides compared with placebo in adult patients with the common cold .', 'the study was designed as a multicenter , prospective , randomized , double blind , parallel group , placebo-controlled phase iii clinical trial with an adaptive group-sequential design .', 'the study took place in eight outpatient departments affiliated with hospitals .', 'one hundred three male and female adult patients with at least two major and one minor or with one major and three minor cold symptoms ( maximum symptom score of @ points ) , present for @ to @ hours , and who gave provision of informed consent were randomized to receive either @ drops ( @ ml ) of the liquid herbal drug preparation eps or placebo three times a day .', 'patients received randomized treatment for a maximum period of @ days .', 'the primary outcome criterion was the sum of symptom intensity differences ( ssid ) of the cold intensity score ( cis ) from day one to day five .', 'the cis consists of the following @ cold symptoms : nasal drainage , sore throat , nasal congestion , sneezing , scratchy throat , hoarseness , cough , headache , muscle aches , and fever .', 'from baseline to day five , the mean ssid improved by @ + / - @ points in the eps group compared with @ + / - @ points in the placebo group .', 'this difference was statistically significant ( p < @ ) .', 'the mean cis decreased by @ + / - @ points and @ + / - @ points in eps and placebo-treated patients , respectively .', 'after @ days , @ % versus @ % in the eps versus placebo group were clinically cured ( cis equals zero points or complete resolution of all but a maximum of one cold symptom ; p < @ ) .', 'the mean duration of inability to work was significantly lower in the eps treatment group ( @ + / - @ days ) than in the placebo group ( @ + / - @ days ; p = @ ) .', 'treatment outcome ( rates of complete recovery or major improvement from disease [ integrative medicine outcomes scale ] ) was assessed better in the eps treatment group than in the placebo group by both the investigator and the patient on day five ( p < @ ) .', 'adverse events occurred in three of @ patients ( @ % ) , with two of @ ( @ % ) and one of @ ( @ % ) patients in the eps and placebo group , respectively .', 'all adverse events were assessed as nonserious .', 'at the end of treatment , all patients ( @ % ) in the active treatment group judged the subjective tolerability of eps as good or very good .', 'eps represents an effective treatment of the common cold .', 'it significantly reduces the severity of symptoms and shortens the duration of the common cold compared with placebo .', 'the herbal drug is well tolerated .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "airway hyperresponsiveness is a cardinal feature of asthma .", "although the modulation of cholinergic neuroeffector transmission may play a role in airway responsiveness , in vivo evidence remains scarce .", "it is well known that histamine causes bronchoconstriction partly via vagal reflex , whereas methacholine does not .", "to investigate the significance of modulating neuroeffector transmission , we compared the effect of low-dose salbutamol-a @-adrenoceptor agonist-on airway responsiveness to histamine with that to methacholine .", "we enrolled @ subjects with stable asthma .", "after screening confirmed that inhalation of low-dose salbutamol ( @g ) did not change their basic pulmonary function , subjects underwent measurement of airway responsiveness to inhaled histamine and methacholine with or without pretreatment with low-dose salbutamol , in a randomized , crossover fashion .", "airway responsiveness was measured by an astograph by which respiratory conductance ( grs ) was assessed by the forced oscillation method during continuous inhalation of histamine or methacholine in stepwise incremental concentrations .", "airway responsiveness was calculated as the cumulative dose of bronchoconstrictors that induced a decrease of @ % in grs .", "inhalation of @g of salbutamol significantly attenuated airway responsiveness to histamine but not methacholine .", "this selective attenuation was observed irrespective of disease severity or phenotype , namely atopy or non-atopy .", "low-dose salbutamol suppresses airway responsiveness to histamine but not methacholine in subjects with asthma .", "the present study may provide a novel insight into the bronchoprotective mechanism of @-adorenoceptor agonist in clinical settings ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['airway hyperresponsiveness is a cardinal feature of asthma .', 'although the modulation of cholinergic neuroeffector transmission may play a role in airway responsiveness , in vivo evidence remains scarce .', 'it is well known that histamine causes bronchoconstriction partly via vagal reflex , whereas methacholine does not .', 'to investigate the significance of modulating neuroeffector transmission , we compared the effect of low-dose salbutamol-a @-adrenoceptor agonist-on airway responsiveness to histamine with that to methacholine .', 'we enrolled @ subjects with stable asthma .', 'after screening confirmed that inhalation of low-dose salbutamol ( @g ) did not change their basic pulmonary function , subjects underwent measurement of airway responsiveness to inhaled histamine and methacholine with or without pretreatment with low-dose salbutamol , in a randomized , crossover fashion .', 'airway responsiveness was measured by an astograph by which respiratory conductance ( grs ) was assessed by the forced oscillation method during continuous inhalation of histamine or methacholine in stepwise incremental concentrations .', 'airway responsiveness was calculated as the cumulative dose of bronchoconstrictors that induced a decrease of @ % in grs .', 'inhalation of @g of salbutamol significantly attenuated airway responsiveness to histamine but not methacholine .', 'this selective attenuation was observed irrespective of disease severity or phenotype , namely atopy or non-atopy .', 'low-dose salbutamol suppresses airway responsiveness to histamine but not methacholine in subjects with asthma .', 'the present study may provide a novel insight into the bronchoprotective mechanism of @-adorenoceptor agonist in clinical settings .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "OBJECTIVE", "OBJECTIVE", "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "epistaxis is a common problem in the emergency department ( ed ) .", "sixty percent of people experience it at least once in their life .", "there are different kinds of treatment for epistaxis .", "this study intended to evaluate the topical use of injectable form of tranexamic acid vs anterior nasal packing with pledgets coated with tetracycline ointment .", "topical application of injectable form of tranexamic acid ( @ mg in @ ml ) was compared with anterior nasal packing in @ patients with anterior epistaxis presented to an ed in a randomized clinical trial .", "the time needed to arrest initial bleeding , hours needed to stay in hospital , and any rebleeding during @ hours and @ week later were recorded , and finally , the patient satisfaction was rated by a @-@ scale .", "within @ minutes of treatment , bleedings were arrested in @ % of the patients in the tranexamic acid group , compared with @ % in the anterior nasal packing group ( odds ratio , @ ; @ % confidence interval , @-@ @ ; p < @ ) .", "in addition , @ % in the tranexamic acid group were discharged in @ hours or less vs @ % in the anterior nasal packing group ( p < @ ) .", "rebleeding was reported in @ % and @ % of patients during first @ hours in the tranexamic acid and the anterior nasal packing groups , respectively ( p = @ ) .", "satisfaction rate was higher in the tranexamic acid compared with the anterior nasal packing group ( @ @ vs @ @ , p < @ ) .", "topical application of injectable form of tranexamic acid was better than anterior nasal packing in the initial treatment of idiopathic anterior epistaxis ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['epistaxis is a common problem in the emergency department ( ed ) .', 'sixty percent of people experience it at least once in their life .', 'there are different kinds of treatment for epistaxis .', 'this study intended to evaluate the topical use of injectable form of tranexamic acid vs anterior nasal packing with pledgets coated with tetracycline ointment .', 'topical application of injectable form of tranexamic acid ( @ mg in @ ml ) was compared with anterior nasal packing in @ patients with anterior epistaxis presented to an ed in a randomized clinical trial .', 'the time needed to arrest initial bleeding , hours needed to stay in hospital , and any rebleeding during @ hours and @ week later were recorded , and finally , the patient satisfaction was rated by a @-@ scale .', 'within @ minutes of treatment , bleedings were arrested in @ % of the patients in the tranexamic acid group , compared with @ % in the anterior nasal packing group ( odds ratio , @ ; @ % confidence interval , @-@ @ ; p < @ ) .', 'in addition , @ % in the tranexamic acid group were discharged in @ hours or less vs @ % in the anterior nasal packing group ( p < @ ) .', 'rebleeding was reported in @ % and @ % of patients during first @ hours in the tranexamic acid and the anterior nasal packing groups , respectively ( p = @ ) .', 'satisfaction rate was higher in the tranexamic acid compared with the anterior nasal packing group ( @ @ vs @ @ , p < @ ) .', 'topical application of injectable form of tranexamic acid was better than anterior nasal packing in the initial treatment of idiopathic anterior epistaxis .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'OBJECTIVE', 'OBJECTIVE', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "OBJECTIVE", "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "insulin therapy is effective predominantly when dosage is frequently adjusted .", "however , a controversy surrounds the pertinent clinical parameters required to make effective and safe frequent dosage adjustments .", "we hypothesize that glucose readings are sufficient to adjust insulin dosage provided that dosage is adjusted every @-@ weeks .", "to test the hypothesis , we generated several algorithms implemented in software to process glucose readings and recommend insulin dosage adjustments .", "a post hoc analysis was made on @ log sheets ( @,@ insulin dosage adjustments ) from @ older adults with suboptimally controlled type @ diabetes .", "the subjects were followed for a year and treated with intensive insulin therapy that was titrated every @-@ weeks by a trained study team .", "more than @ % of subjects attained the treatment goal ( hemoglobin a@c < @ % ) without excessive hypoglycemia .", "glucose readings from each log sheet were used as an input to the software , and its recommendations for insulin dosage adjustments were compared to the original ones made by the study team .", "while the study team could have been exposed to multiple clinical parameters , the software relied solely on glucose readings .", "the software recommendations for dosage adjustments were clinically equivalent to the original study team 's recommendations in more than @ % of the cases , unrelated to patients ' insulin sensitivity .", "the remaining @ % ( n = @ ) were thoroughly examined , yet we did not find any recommendations suggested by the software to be unsafe or unreasonable .", "glucose readings are sufficient to effectively adjust insulin dosage provided that adjustments are made every @-@ weeks .", "therefore , dedicated software can help adjusting insulin dosage between clinic visits ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['insulin therapy is effective predominantly when dosage is frequently adjusted .', 'however , a controversy surrounds the pertinent clinical parameters required to make effective and safe frequent dosage adjustments .', 'we hypothesize that glucose readings are sufficient to adjust insulin dosage provided that dosage is adjusted every @-@ weeks .', 'to test the hypothesis , we generated several algorithms implemented in software to process glucose readings and recommend insulin dosage adjustments .', 'a post hoc analysis was made on @ log sheets ( @,@ insulin dosage adjustments ) from @ older adults with suboptimally controlled type @ diabetes .', 'the subjects were followed for a year and treated with intensive insulin therapy that was titrated every @-@ weeks by a trained study team .', 'more than @ % of subjects attained the treatment goal ( hemoglobin a@c < @ % ) without excessive hypoglycemia .', 'glucose readings from each log sheet were used as an input to the software , and its recommendations for insulin dosage adjustments were compared to the original ones made by the study team .', 'while the study team could have been exposed to multiple clinical parameters , the software relied solely on glucose readings .', \"the software recommendations for dosage adjustments were clinically equivalent to the original study team 's recommendations in more than @ % of the cases , unrelated to patients ' insulin sensitivity .\", 'the remaining @ % ( n = @ ) were thoroughly examined , yet we did not find any recommendations suggested by the software to be unsafe or unreasonable .', 'glucose readings are sufficient to effectively adjust insulin dosage provided that adjustments are made every @-@ weeks .', 'therefore , dedicated software can help adjusting insulin dosage between clinic visits .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'OBJECTIVE', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "to compare the incidence of airway complications in children less than one year of age whose airways were maintained during anesthesia with either a laryngeal mask airway ( lma ) or a facemask and oral airway ( fm-oa ) .", "we randomized @ - asa class @ & @ - infants to an lma or fm-oa group .", "all infants were undergoing minor general , urological or orthopedic procedures .", "anesthesia was induced and maintained with halothane in nitrous oxide @ % and oxygen .", "the airway was removed in both groups when the infant was awake .", "the occurrence of airway complications ( breath-holding , coughing , laryngospasm , secretions , obstruction and oxygen saturation < @ % ) at induction of anesthesia , intraoperatively and during emergence from anesthesia was recorded .", "airway complications occurred perioperaively in @ of @ infants in the lma group and in @ of @ infants in the fm-oa group ( p : @ ) .", "in infants , the use of the lma is associated with an increased incidence of airway complications compared with the use of the fm-oa ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['to compare the incidence of airway complications in children less than one year of age whose airways were maintained during anesthesia with either a laryngeal mask airway ( lma ) or a facemask and oral airway ( fm-oa ) .', 'we randomized @ - asa class @ & @ - infants to an lma or fm-oa group .', 'all infants were undergoing minor general , urological or orthopedic procedures .', 'anesthesia was induced and maintained with halothane in nitrous oxide @ % and oxygen .', 'the airway was removed in both groups when the infant was awake .', 'the occurrence of airway complications ( breath-holding , coughing , laryngospasm , secretions , obstruction and oxygen saturation < @ % ) at induction of anesthesia , intraoperatively and during emergence from anesthesia was recorded .', 'airway complications occurred perioperaively in @ of @ infants in the lma group and in @ of @ infants in the fm-oa group ( p : @ ) .', 'in infants , the use of the lma is associated with an increased incidence of airway complications compared with the use of the fm-oa .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "the aim of this study was to determine the impact of a vocational training programme on short - and long-term results after psychosomatic rehabilitation .", "@,@ inpatients were screened for vocational integration .", "a high-risk group of @ patients was randomly assigned to the vocational training programme plus psychosomatic treatment ; treatment - as - usual served as a control condition .", "an occupational training was conducted at local companies , closely integrated into psychosomatic treatment .", "vocational attitudes and adjustment were studied at intake , discharge , three , @ and @ month follow-ups .", "more than half of the study participants were unemployment and/or long-term work-disabled harbouring strong negative attitudes toward return to work .", "forty-six percent of the intervention group declined from participation , but complied with follow-up investigation .", "at discharge , participants of the vocational training programme had become more optimistic regarding resuming work .", "one year following discharge , participants of the training programme reported less absence from work .", "after @ months , vocational adjustment had improved considerably among programme participants , and declined among controls and refusers .", "an intensive vocational training programme is effective in promoting positive attitudes to work , reducing work disability and promoting return-to-work .", "however , a randomized design may be not optimal ; evaluation necessitates long-term follow-up ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['the aim of this study was to determine the impact of a vocational training programme on short - and long-term results after psychosomatic rehabilitation .', '@,@ inpatients were screened for vocational integration .', 'a high-risk group of @ patients was randomly assigned to the vocational training programme plus psychosomatic treatment ; treatment - as - usual served as a control condition .', 'an occupational training was conducted at local companies , closely integrated into psychosomatic treatment .', 'vocational attitudes and adjustment were studied at intake , discharge , three , @ and @ month follow-ups .', 'more than half of the study participants were unemployment and/or long-term work-disabled harbouring strong negative attitudes toward return to work .', 'forty-six percent of the intervention group declined from participation , but complied with follow-up investigation .', 'at discharge , participants of the vocational training programme had become more optimistic regarding resuming work .', 'one year following discharge , participants of the training programme reported less absence from work .', 'after @ months , vocational adjustment had improved considerably among programme participants , and declined among controls and refusers .', 'an intensive vocational training programme is effective in promoting positive attitudes to work , reducing work disability and promoting return-to-work .', 'however , a randomized design may be not optimal ; evaluation necessitates long-term follow-up .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "intraduodenal administration of lipids , through lipid digestion and release of cholecystokinin ( cck ) , induces viscero-visceral reflexes that affect gastric tone and sensitivity .", "it is unclear whether the same mechanisms control gastric function after an orally ingested meal .", "to evaluate the effect of orlistat , a selective lipase inhibitor , on gastric response to an orally administered meal .", "eighteen healthy volunteers participated in this study .", "they were treated for @ days with orlistat ( @ mg ) or placebo t.d.s. in a double-blind randomized crossover design .", "during treatment , all subjects underwent a gastric barostat study , measurement of plasma cck levels and a satiety drinking test .", "although cck plasma levels were significantly decreased , pre-treatment with orlistat failed to affect gastric compliance ( @ + / - @ ml/mm hg and @ + / - @ ml/mm hg , ns ) , gastric sensitivity ( discomfort threshold @ + / - @ mm hg vs. @ + / - @ mm hg above minimal distending pressure , ns ) or gastric accommodation ( @ + / - @ ml vs. @ + / - @ ml , ns ) to an orally ingested meal .", "furthermore , orlistat pre-treatment had no significant effect on the amount of calories ingested during a satiety drinking test ( @ + / - @ kcal vs. @ + / - @ kcal , ns ) .", "administration of a lipase inhibitor does not affect gastric compliance , sensitivity to distension and accommodation to an orally ingested meal , and does not influence meal-induced satiety ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['intraduodenal administration of lipids , through lipid digestion and release of cholecystokinin ( cck ) , induces viscero-visceral reflexes that affect gastric tone and sensitivity .', 'it is unclear whether the same mechanisms control gastric function after an orally ingested meal .', 'to evaluate the effect of orlistat , a selective lipase inhibitor , on gastric response to an orally administered meal .', 'eighteen healthy volunteers participated in this study .', 'they were treated for @ days with orlistat ( @ mg ) or placebo t.d.s. in a double-blind randomized crossover design .', 'during treatment , all subjects underwent a gastric barostat study , measurement of plasma cck levels and a satiety drinking test .', 'although cck plasma levels were significantly decreased , pre-treatment with orlistat failed to affect gastric compliance ( @ + / - @ ml/mm hg and @ + / - @ ml/mm hg , ns ) , gastric sensitivity ( discomfort threshold @ + / - @ mm hg vs. @ + / - @ mm hg above minimal distending pressure , ns ) or gastric accommodation ( @ + / - @ ml vs. @ + / - @ ml , ns ) to an orally ingested meal .', 'furthermore , orlistat pre-treatment had no significant effect on the amount of calories ingested during a satiety drinking test ( @ + / - @ kcal vs. @ + / - @ kcal , ns ) .', 'administration of a lipase inhibitor does not affect gastric compliance , sensitivity to distension and accommodation to an orally ingested meal , and does not influence meal-induced satiety .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "the need for training to equip primary care staff with the knowledge and skills to provide dietary advice to the public has been acknowledged .", "little is known about the effectiveness of such training at improving the dietary counselling skills of multidisciplinary practice teams .", "to evaluate the effectiveness of a nutrition training programme , delivered to primary care teams by a dietitian .", "a paired-cluster randomised trial .", "twelve general practices in sunderland , in the united kingdom .", "a nutrition training programme , aimed at improving the quality of dietary consultations , was developed and delivered to six primary care teams by a dietitian .", "main outcome measures were patients ' recall of seven key consulting behaviours .", "data were collected from patients in intervention and control practices , pre - and post-intervention .", "change in knowledge and attitude of practitioners was also measured .", "all @ practices completed the trial .", "data were collected from @ patients pre-intervention and @ patients post-intervention .", "of the seven consulting behaviours targeted in the training , only the proportion of consultations where written information ( diet sheets ) was provided to patients was significantly higher ( @ % higher , @ % confidence interval [ ci = @ to @ , p = @ ) in the intervention practices post-training .", "some evidence of improved practitioner knowledge and attitude was detected .", "this evaluation of a nutrition training intervention detected only a limited impact on the behaviour , knowledge , and attitudes of primary care practitioners in dietary consultations ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['the need for training to equip primary care staff with the knowledge and skills to provide dietary advice to the public has been acknowledged .', 'little is known about the effectiveness of such training at improving the dietary counselling skills of multidisciplinary practice teams .', 'to evaluate the effectiveness of a nutrition training programme , delivered to primary care teams by a dietitian .', 'a paired-cluster randomised trial .', 'twelve general practices in sunderland , in the united kingdom .', 'a nutrition training programme , aimed at improving the quality of dietary consultations , was developed and delivered to six primary care teams by a dietitian .', \"main outcome measures were patients ' recall of seven key consulting behaviours .\", 'data were collected from patients in intervention and control practices , pre - and post-intervention .', 'change in knowledge and attitude of practitioners was also measured .', 'all @ practices completed the trial .', 'data were collected from @ patients pre-intervention and @ patients post-intervention .', 'of the seven consulting behaviours targeted in the training , only the proportion of consultations where written information ( diet sheets ) was provided to patients was significantly higher ( @ % higher , @ % confidence interval [ ci = @ to @ , p = @ ) in the intervention practices post-training .', 'some evidence of improved practitioner knowledge and attitude was detected .', 'this evaluation of a nutrition training intervention detected only a limited impact on the behaviour , knowledge , and attitudes of primary care practitioners in dietary consultations .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "familial adenomatous polyposis is caused by a germ-line mutation in the adenomatous polyposis coli gene and is characterized by the development of hundreds of colorectal adenomas and , eventually , colorectal cancer .", "nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs can cause regression of adenomas , but whether they can prevent adenomas is unknown .", "we conducted a randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled study of @ young subjects ( age range , @ to @ years ) who were genotypically affected with familial adenomatous polyposis but phenotypically unaffected .", "the subjects received either @ or @ mg of sulindac orally twice a day or identical-appearing placebo tablets for @ months .", "the number and size of new adenomas and side effects of therapy were evaluated every four months for four years , and the levels of five major prostaglandins were serially measured in biopsy specimens of normal-appearing colorectal mucosa .", "after four years of treatment , the average rate of compliance exceeded @ percent in the sulindac group , and mucosal prostaglandin levels were lower in this group than in the placebo group .", "during the course of the study , adenomas developed in @ of @ subjects ( @ percent ) in the sulindac group and @ of @ subjects in the placebo group ( @ percent ) ( p = @ ) .", "there were no significant differences in the mean number ( p = @ ) or size ( p = @ ) of polyps between the groups .", "sulindac did not slow the development of adenomas , according to an evaluation involving linear longitudinal methods .", "standard doses of sulindac did not prevent the development of adenomas in subjects with familial adenomatous polyposis ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['familial adenomatous polyposis is caused by a germ-line mutation in the adenomatous polyposis coli gene and is characterized by the development of hundreds of colorectal adenomas and , eventually , colorectal cancer .', 'nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs can cause regression of adenomas , but whether they can prevent adenomas is unknown .', 'we conducted a randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled study of @ young subjects ( age range , @ to @ years ) who were genotypically affected with familial adenomatous polyposis but phenotypically unaffected .', 'the subjects received either @ or @ mg of sulindac orally twice a day or identical-appearing placebo tablets for @ months .', 'the number and size of new adenomas and side effects of therapy were evaluated every four months for four years , and the levels of five major prostaglandins were serially measured in biopsy specimens of normal-appearing colorectal mucosa .', 'after four years of treatment , the average rate of compliance exceeded @ percent in the sulindac group , and mucosal prostaglandin levels were lower in this group than in the placebo group .', 'during the course of the study , adenomas developed in @ of @ subjects ( @ percent ) in the sulindac group and @ of @ subjects in the placebo group ( @ percent ) ( p = @ ) .', 'there were no significant differences in the mean number ( p = @ ) or size ( p = @ ) of polyps between the groups .', 'sulindac did not slow the development of adenomas , according to an evaluation involving linear longitudinal methods .', 'standard doses of sulindac did not prevent the development of adenomas in subjects with familial adenomatous polyposis .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS", "BACKGROUND" ]

[ "schools provide a natural context to promote children 's mental health .", "however , there is a need for more evidence-based , high quality school intervention programs combined with an accurate evaluation of their general effectiveness and effectiveness of specific intervention methods .", "the aim of this paper is to present a study protocol of a cluster randomized controlled trial evaluating the `` together at school '' intervention program .", "the intervention program is designed to promote social-emotional skills and mental health by utilizing whole-school approach and focuses on classroom curriculum , work environment of school staff , and parent-teacher collaboration methods .", "the evaluation study examines the effects of the intervention on children 's socio-emotional skills and mental health in a cluster randomized controlled trial design with @ ) an intervention group and @ ) an active control group .", "altogether @ primary school participated at baseline .", "a multi-informant setting involves the children themselves , their parents , and teachers .", "the primary outcomes are measured using parent and teacher ratings of children 's socio-emotional skills and psychological problems measured by the strengths and difficulties questionnaire and the multisource assessment of social competence scale .", "secondary outcomes for the children include emotional understanding , altruistic behavior , and executive functions ( e.g. working memory , planning , and inhibition ) .", "secondary outcomes for the teachers include ratings of e.g. school environment , teaching style and well-being .", "secondary outcomes for both teachers and parents include e.g. emotional self-efficacy , child rearing practices , and teacher-parent collaboration .", "the data was collected at baseline ( autumn @ ) , @ months after baseline , and will be collected also @ months after baseline from the same participants .", "this study protocol outlines a trial which aims to add to the current state of intervention programs by presenting and studying a contextually developed and carefully tested intervention program which is tailored to fit a national school system .", "identification of effective intervention elements to promote children 's mental health in early school years is crucial for optimal later development .", "clinicaltrials.gov register : nct@ ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: [\"schools provide a natural context to promote children 's mental health .\", 'however , there is a need for more evidence-based , high quality school intervention programs combined with an accurate evaluation of their general effectiveness and effectiveness of specific intervention methods .', \"the aim of this paper is to present a study protocol of a cluster randomized controlled trial evaluating the `` together at school '' intervention program .\", 'the intervention program is designed to promote social-emotional skills and mental health by utilizing whole-school approach and focuses on classroom curriculum , work environment of school staff , and parent-teacher collaboration methods .', \"the evaluation study examines the effects of the intervention on children 's socio-emotional skills and mental health in a cluster randomized controlled trial design with @ ) an intervention group and @ ) an active control group .\", 'altogether @ primary school participated at baseline .', 'a multi-informant setting involves the children themselves , their parents , and teachers .', \"the primary outcomes are measured using parent and teacher ratings of children 's socio-emotional skills and psychological problems measured by the strengths and difficulties questionnaire and the multisource assessment of social competence scale .\", 'secondary outcomes for the children include emotional understanding , altruistic behavior , and executive functions ( e.g. working memory , planning , and inhibition ) .', 'secondary outcomes for the teachers include ratings of e.g. school environment , teaching style and well-being .', 'secondary outcomes for both teachers and parents include e.g. emotional self-efficacy , child rearing practices , and teacher-parent collaboration .', 'the data was collected at baseline ( autumn @ ) , @ months after baseline , and will be collected also @ months after baseline from the same participants .', 'this study protocol outlines a trial which aims to add to the current state of intervention programs by presenting and studying a contextually developed and carefully tested intervention program which is tailored to fit a national school system .', \"identification of effective intervention elements to promote children 's mental health in early school years is crucial for optimal later development .\", 'clinicaltrials.gov register : nct@ .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'BACKGROUND']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS", "BACKGROUND" ]

[ "to report @-year outcomes of patients who participated in a randomized trial evaluating @-mg and @-mg doses of preservative-free intravitreal triamcinolone compared with focal/grid photocoagulation for treatment of diabetic macular edema .", "eyes with diabetic macular edema and visual acuities of @/@ to @/@ were randomly assigned to focal/grid photocoagulation or @ mg or @ mg of triamcinolone .", "at the conclusion of the trial , @-year follow-up data were available in @ eyes .", "between @ years ( time of the primary outcome ) and @ years , more eyes improved than worsened in all @ treatment groups .", "change in visual acuity letter score from baseline to @ years was +@ in the laser group and @ in each triamcinolone group .", "the cumulative probability of cataract surgery by @ years was @ % , @ % , and @ % in the laser and @-mg and @-mg triamcinolone groups , respectively .", "intraocular pressure increased by more than @ mm hg at any visit in @ % , @ % , and @ % of eyes , respectively .", "results in a subset of randomized subjects who completed the @-year follow-up are consistent with previously published @-year results and do not indicate a long-term benefit of intravitreal triamcinolone relative to focal/grid photocoagulation in patients with diabetic macular edema similar to those studied in this clinical trial .", "most eyes receiving @ mg of triamcinolone as given in this study are likely to require cataract surgery .", "clinicaltrials.gov identifier : nct@ ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['to report @-year outcomes of patients who participated in a randomized trial evaluating @-mg and @-mg doses of preservative-free intravitreal triamcinolone compared with focal/grid photocoagulation for treatment of diabetic macular edema .', 'eyes with diabetic macular edema and visual acuities of @/@ to @/@ were randomly assigned to focal/grid photocoagulation or @ mg or @ mg of triamcinolone .', 'at the conclusion of the trial , @-year follow-up data were available in @ eyes .', 'between @ years ( time of the primary outcome ) and @ years , more eyes improved than worsened in all @ treatment groups .', 'change in visual acuity letter score from baseline to @ years was +@ in the laser group and @ in each triamcinolone group .', 'the cumulative probability of cataract surgery by @ years was @ % , @ % , and @ % in the laser and @-mg and @-mg triamcinolone groups , respectively .', 'intraocular pressure increased by more than @ mm hg at any visit in @ % , @ % , and @ % of eyes , respectively .', 'results in a subset of randomized subjects who completed the @-year follow-up are consistent with previously published @-year results and do not indicate a long-term benefit of intravitreal triamcinolone relative to focal/grid photocoagulation in patients with diabetic macular edema similar to those studied in this clinical trial .', 'most eyes receiving @ mg of triamcinolone as given in this study are likely to require cataract surgery .', 'clinicaltrials.gov identifier : nct@ .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'BACKGROUND']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "to develop a model of change during and following professional treatment for drinking problems , grounded in clients ' accounts .", "subsets of consecutively selected clients of the uk alcohol treatment trial ( ukatt ) , followed-up at @ months ( n = @ ) and @ months ( n = @ ) after randomization .", "location five statutory and non-statutory alcohol problems treatment agencies in three areas of england and wales .", "data open-ended interviews conducted according to a brief interview guide , leading to @-@-word post-interview reports used for analysis ( tape-recordings used for auditing purposes ) .", "reports analysed by a team according to grounded theory principles , involving an iterative process with successive refinement of interviewing and analysis with each successive batch of data .", "a model of change from the clients ' perspective was developed .", "treatment was seen by clients as facilitating various changes in ways of thinking and/or increased support of various kinds from family and friends , along with new ways of acting in relation to drinking or more generally .", "for many those changes had led to an appreciation of the benefits accruing to them .", "treatment was seen as part of a broader treatment system which included pretreatment assessment , forms of help additional to the trial treatment , plus an element of self-directed change during and following treatment .", "taken with awareness of worsening alcohol-related harms , triggering events and external influence to seek treatment ( the catalyst system ) , to which clients continued to refer following treatment , the change process is depicted as a complex , ongoing set of systems in which a trial treatment is embedded .", "models of change should be broadened so that treatment is seen as a complex system of parts , facilitating a nexus of cognitive , social and behavioural changes , embedded within a broader system of events and processes catalysing change .", "such a model helps explain the relative absence of between-treatments outcome differences in ukatt and in the alcohol problems treatment and more general psychotherapy research literatures ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: [\"to develop a model of change during and following professional treatment for drinking problems , grounded in clients ' accounts .\", 'subsets of consecutively selected clients of the uk alcohol treatment trial ( ukatt ) , followed-up at @ months ( n = @ ) and @ months ( n = @ ) after randomization .', 'location five statutory and non-statutory alcohol problems treatment agencies in three areas of england and wales .', 'data open-ended interviews conducted according to a brief interview guide , leading to @-@-word post-interview reports used for analysis ( tape-recordings used for auditing purposes ) .', 'reports analysed by a team according to grounded theory principles , involving an iterative process with successive refinement of interviewing and analysis with each successive batch of data .', \"a model of change from the clients ' perspective was developed .\", 'treatment was seen by clients as facilitating various changes in ways of thinking and/or increased support of various kinds from family and friends , along with new ways of acting in relation to drinking or more generally .', 'for many those changes had led to an appreciation of the benefits accruing to them .', 'treatment was seen as part of a broader treatment system which included pretreatment assessment , forms of help additional to the trial treatment , plus an element of self-directed change during and following treatment .', 'taken with awareness of worsening alcohol-related harms , triggering events and external influence to seek treatment ( the catalyst system ) , to which clients continued to refer following treatment , the change process is depicted as a complex , ongoing set of systems in which a trial treatment is embedded .', 'models of change should be broadened so that treatment is seen as a complex system of parts , facilitating a nexus of cognitive , social and behavioural changes , embedded within a broader system of events and processes catalysing change .', 'such a model helps explain the relative absence of between-treatments outcome differences in ukatt and in the alcohol problems treatment and more general psychotherapy research literatures .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "to examine how treatment adherence differences in artemis ( @ week analysis ) affected clinical outcome , and to assess factors impacting adherence .", "artemis is a phase iii trial , in hiv-@-infected treatment-naive patients , comparing efficacy and safety of once-daily darunavir/ritonavir ( @/@ mg ) versus lopinavir/ritonavir ( @/@ mg total daily dose ) , each with a fixed-dose background tenofovir and emtricitabine regimen .", "self-reported treatment adherence was assessed using the modified medication adherence self-report inventory ( m-masri ) .", "in post-hoc analyses , mean adherence from weeks @-@ was used to assess overall adherence for each patient , and transformed into a binary variable ( > @ % , adherent ; < or = @ % , suboptimally adherent ) .", "overall adherence was high : @ % of darunavir/ritonavir-treated patients and @ % of lopinavir/ritonavir-treated patients were > @ % adherent .", "the difference in virological response rate for adherent versus suboptimally adherent patients was smaller for darunavir/ritonavir ( @ % difference : @ % versus @ % , p = @ ) than for lopinavir/ritonavir ( @ % difference : @ % versus @ % , p < @ ) .", "in suboptimally adherent patients , a higher virological response rate was seen with darunavir/ritonavir ( @ % ) versus lopinavir/ritonavir ( @ % ) ( p < @ ) .", "suboptimally adherent patients ( both treatment groups ) reported more adverse events ( aes ) , including gastrointestinal aes , than adherent patients .", "darunavir/ritonavir had a lower rate of aes , including gastrointestinal aes , than lopinavir/ritonavir , in adherent and suboptimally adherent patients .", "suboptimal adherence had no significant effect on the virological response rate with once-daily darunavir/ritonavir treatment .", "in contrast , the lopinavir/ritonavir response rate was significantly reduced in suboptimally adherent patients compared with adherent patients .", "once-daily darunavir/ritonavir resulted in a higher virological response rate in suboptimally adherent patients compared with lopinavir/ritonavir ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['to examine how treatment adherence differences in artemis ( @ week analysis ) affected clinical outcome , and to assess factors impacting adherence .', 'artemis is a phase iii trial , in hiv-@-infected treatment-naive patients , comparing efficacy and safety of once-daily darunavir/ritonavir ( @/@ mg ) versus lopinavir/ritonavir ( @/@ mg total daily dose ) , each with a fixed-dose background tenofovir and emtricitabine regimen .', 'self-reported treatment adherence was assessed using the modified medication adherence self-report inventory ( m-masri ) .', 'in post-hoc analyses , mean adherence from weeks @-@ was used to assess overall adherence for each patient , and transformed into a binary variable ( > @ % , adherent ; < or = @ % , suboptimally adherent ) .', 'overall adherence was high : @ % of darunavir/ritonavir-treated patients and @ % of lopinavir/ritonavir-treated patients were > @ % adherent .', 'the difference in virological response rate for adherent versus suboptimally adherent patients was smaller for darunavir/ritonavir ( @ % difference : @ % versus @ % , p = @ ) than for lopinavir/ritonavir ( @ % difference : @ % versus @ % , p < @ ) .', 'in suboptimally adherent patients , a higher virological response rate was seen with darunavir/ritonavir ( @ % ) versus lopinavir/ritonavir ( @ % ) ( p < @ ) .', 'suboptimally adherent patients ( both treatment groups ) reported more adverse events ( aes ) , including gastrointestinal aes , than adherent patients .', 'darunavir/ritonavir had a lower rate of aes , including gastrointestinal aes , than lopinavir/ritonavir , in adherent and suboptimally adherent patients .', 'suboptimal adherence had no significant effect on the virological response rate with once-daily darunavir/ritonavir treatment .', 'in contrast , the lopinavir/ritonavir response rate was significantly reduced in suboptimally adherent patients compared with adherent patients .', 'once-daily darunavir/ritonavir resulted in a higher virological response rate in suboptimally adherent patients compared with lopinavir/ritonavir .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "to study the effect of pentoxifylline and octreotide administration on serum levels of tnf-alpha and il-@ , in patients who underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography ( ercp ) , whether they developed pancreatitis or not .", "out of @ patients undergoing ercp , @ who developed pancreatitis and @ who did not ( controls ) were enrolled .", "pentoxifylline was given to @ patients ( @ with and eight without pancreatitis ) and octreotide to @ patients ( nine with and @ without pancreatitis , respectively ) .", "thirteen patients did not receive any preventive medication ( six with and seven without pancreatitis , respectively ) .", "blood samples were collected at baseline , @ and @ h after ercp .", "il-@ increased significantly in patients with pancreatitis at the @ h ( @ pg/ml sd : @ ) and at the @ h ( @ pg/ml sd : @ ) compared with patients without pancreatitis at the @ h ( @ pg/ml sd : @ ) and @ h ( @ pg/ml sd : @ ) ( p < @ ) .", "no significant difference in the values of tnf-alpha and il-@ obtained among the three study groups in patients with or without pancreatitis was observed .", "tnf-alpha levels at the @ h were lower than baseline in patients with pancreatitis who received octreotide ( p = @ ) .", "il-@ increased in the first @ h of post-ercp pancreatitis .", "pentoxifylline and octreotide can not prevent il-@ elevation but octreotide reduces tnf-alpha levels , which may have an impact on the severity of post-ercp pancreatitis ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['to study the effect of pentoxifylline and octreotide administration on serum levels of tnf-alpha and il-@ , in patients who underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography ( ercp ) , whether they developed pancreatitis or not .', 'out of @ patients undergoing ercp , @ who developed pancreatitis and @ who did not ( controls ) were enrolled .', 'pentoxifylline was given to @ patients ( @ with and eight without pancreatitis ) and octreotide to @ patients ( nine with and @ without pancreatitis , respectively ) .', 'thirteen patients did not receive any preventive medication ( six with and seven without pancreatitis , respectively ) .', 'blood samples were collected at baseline , @ and @ h after ercp .', 'il-@ increased significantly in patients with pancreatitis at the @ h ( @ pg/ml sd : @ ) and at the @ h ( @ pg/ml sd : @ ) compared with patients without pancreatitis at the @ h ( @ pg/ml sd : @ ) and @ h ( @ pg/ml sd : @ ) ( p < @ ) .', 'no significant difference in the values of tnf-alpha and il-@ obtained among the three study groups in patients with or without pancreatitis was observed .', 'tnf-alpha levels at the @ h were lower than baseline in patients with pancreatitis who received octreotide ( p = @ ) .', 'il-@ increased in the first @ h of post-ercp pancreatitis .', 'pentoxifylline and octreotide can not prevent il-@ elevation but octreotide reduces tnf-alpha levels , which may have an impact on the severity of post-ercp pancreatitis .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "BACKGROUND", "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "ly@ is an oral direct inhibitor of activated factor x that is currently under clinical development .", "the aims of this proof-of-concept study in patients undergoing total knee replacement ( tkr ) or total hip replacement ( thr ) were to determine whether ly@ can safely reduce the risk of venous thromboembolism ( vte ) and to identify at least one dose of ly@ that is non-inferior to enoxaparin .", "in a double-blind , parallel-arm , dose-ranging study , patients undergoing tkr or thr were randomly allocated to receive once-daily oral ly@ ( @ , @ , @ , @ , @ or @ mg ) , started @-@ h after wound closure , or s.c. enoxaparin , @ mg , started in the evening before surgery .", "the primary efficacy endpoint was the composite of deep venous thrombosis ( dvt ) , detected by mandatory bilateral venography performed at the end of the study treatment ( between days @ and @ ) , and objectively confirmed symptomatic dvt and/or pulmonary embolism ( pe ) , occurring during the treatment period .", "the combination of major and minor bleeding was the primary safety endpoint .", "five hundred and seven patients received at least one dose of ly@ or enoxaparin ( safety population ) .", "three hundred and ninety-one patients had evaluable bilateral venography or experienced a clinical dvt and/or pe ( primary efficacy population ) .", "ly@ treatment resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in the incidence of thromboembolic events ( p = @ ) .", "the incidences of vte with @ , @ , and @ mg of ly@ were @ % , @ % and @ % , respectively , compared to @ % with enoxaparin .", "the efficacies of @-mg , @-mg and @-mg doses of ly@ were non-inferior to that of enoxaparin according to prespecified criteria .", "bleeding events were uncommon in both ly@ and enoxaparin patients .", "doses of @ , @ and @ mg of ly@ are non-inferior to enoxaparin for the prevention of vte after tkr or thr , and are associated with similar low rates of bleeding ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['ly@ is an oral direct inhibitor of activated factor x that is currently under clinical development .', 'the aims of this proof-of-concept study in patients undergoing total knee replacement ( tkr ) or total hip replacement ( thr ) were to determine whether ly@ can safely reduce the risk of venous thromboembolism ( vte ) and to identify at least one dose of ly@ that is non-inferior to enoxaparin .', 'in a double-blind , parallel-arm , dose-ranging study , patients undergoing tkr or thr were randomly allocated to receive once-daily oral ly@ ( @ , @ , @ , @ , @ or @ mg ) , started @-@ h after wound closure , or s.c. enoxaparin , @ mg , started in the evening before surgery .', 'the primary efficacy endpoint was the composite of deep venous thrombosis ( dvt ) , detected by mandatory bilateral venography performed at the end of the study treatment ( between days @ and @ ) , and objectively confirmed symptomatic dvt and/or pulmonary embolism ( pe ) , occurring during the treatment period .', 'the combination of major and minor bleeding was the primary safety endpoint .', 'five hundred and seven patients received at least one dose of ly@ or enoxaparin ( safety population ) .', 'three hundred and ninety-one patients had evaluable bilateral venography or experienced a clinical dvt and/or pe ( primary efficacy population ) .', 'ly@ treatment resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in the incidence of thromboembolic events ( p = @ ) .', 'the incidences of vte with @ , @ , and @ mg of ly@ were @ % , @ % and @ % , respectively , compared to @ % with enoxaparin .', 'the efficacies of @-mg , @-mg and @-mg doses of ly@ were non-inferior to that of enoxaparin according to prespecified criteria .', 'bleeding events were uncommon in both ly@ and enoxaparin patients .', 'doses of @ , @ and @ mg of ly@ are non-inferior to enoxaparin for the prevention of vte after tkr or thr , and are associated with similar low rates of bleeding .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['BACKGROUND', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "BACKGROUND", "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS", "BACKGROUND" ]

[ "participant engagement influences treatment effectiveness , but it is unknown which intervention design features increase treatment engagement for online smoking cessation programs .", "we explored the effects of @ design features ( ie , factors ) on early engagement with an internet-based , motivational smoking cessation program .", "smokers ( n = @ ) were recruited from a large health care organization to participate in an online intervention study , regardless of their interest in quitting smoking .", "the program was intended to answer smokers ' questions about quitting in an effort to motivate and support cessation .", "consistent with the screening phase in the multiphase optimization strategy ( most ) , we used a @-level , full-factorial design .", "each person was randomized to @ of @ levels of each factor , including message tone ( prescriptive vs motivational ) , navigation autonomy ( dictated vs not ) , proactive email reminders ( yes vs no ) , and inclusion of personally tailored testimonials ( yes vs no ) .", "the effects of each factor level on program engagement during the first @ months of enrollment were compared , including number of visits to the website resulting in intervention content views ( as opposed to supplemental content views ) , number of intervention content areas viewed , number of intervention content pages viewed , and duration of time spent viewing this content , as applicable to each factor .", "adjusting for baseline readiness to quit , persons who received content written in a prescriptive tone made the same number of visits to the website as persons receiving content in a motivational tone , but viewed @ times as many content areas ( @ % ci @-@ @ ; p < @ ) and @ times as many pages ( @ % ci @-@ @ ; p = @ ) .", "time spent viewing materials did not differ among groups ( p = @ ) .", "persons required to view content in a dictated order based on their initial readiness to quit made the same number of visits as people able to freely navigate the site , but viewed fewer content areas ( ratio of means @ , @ % ci @-@ @ ; p < @ ) , @ times as many pages ( @ % ci @-@ @ ; p = @ ) , and spent @ times more minutes online ( @ % ci @-@ @ ; p < @ ) .", "persons receiving proactive email reminders made @ times as many visits ( @ % ci @-@ @ ; p < @ ) , viewed a similar number of content areas as persons receiving no reminders , viewed @ times as many pages ( @ % ci @-@ @ ; p < @ ) , and spent @ times as many minutes online ( @ % ci @-@ @ ; p < @ ) as those who did not receive proactive emails .", "tailored testimonials did not significantly affect engagement .", "using a prescriptive message tone , dictating content viewing order , and sending reminder emails each resulted in greater program engagement relative to the contrasting level of each experimental factor .", "the results require replication , but suggest that a more directive interaction style may be preferable for online cessation programs .", "clinicaltrials.gov nct@ ; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct@/show/nct@ ( archived by webcite at http://www.webcitation.org/@f@h@lr@p ) ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['participant engagement influences treatment effectiveness , but it is unknown which intervention design features increase treatment engagement for online smoking cessation programs .', 'we explored the effects of @ design features ( ie , factors ) on early engagement with an internet-based , motivational smoking cessation program .', 'smokers ( n = @ ) were recruited from a large health care organization to participate in an online intervention study , regardless of their interest in quitting smoking .', \"the program was intended to answer smokers ' questions about quitting in an effort to motivate and support cessation .\", 'consistent with the screening phase in the multiphase optimization strategy ( most ) , we used a @-level , full-factorial design .', 'each person was randomized to @ of @ levels of each factor , including message tone ( prescriptive vs motivational ) , navigation autonomy ( dictated vs not ) , proactive email reminders ( yes vs no ) , and inclusion of personally tailored testimonials ( yes vs no ) .', 'the effects of each factor level on program engagement during the first @ months of enrollment were compared , including number of visits to the website resulting in intervention content views ( as opposed to supplemental content views ) , number of intervention content areas viewed , number of intervention content pages viewed , and duration of time spent viewing this content , as applicable to each factor .', 'adjusting for baseline readiness to quit , persons who received content written in a prescriptive tone made the same number of visits to the website as persons receiving content in a motivational tone , but viewed @ times as many content areas ( @ % ci @-@ @ ; p < @ ) and @ times as many pages ( @ % ci @-@ @ ; p = @ ) .', 'time spent viewing materials did not differ among groups ( p = @ ) .', 'persons required to view content in a dictated order based on their initial readiness to quit made the same number of visits as people able to freely navigate the site , but viewed fewer content areas ( ratio of means @ , @ % ci @-@ @ ; p < @ ) , @ times as many pages ( @ % ci @-@ @ ; p = @ ) , and spent @ times more minutes online ( @ % ci @-@ @ ; p < @ ) .', 'persons receiving proactive email reminders made @ times as many visits ( @ % ci @-@ @ ; p < @ ) , viewed a similar number of content areas as persons receiving no reminders , viewed @ times as many pages ( @ % ci @-@ @ ; p < @ ) , and spent @ times as many minutes online ( @ % ci @-@ @ ; p < @ ) as those who did not receive proactive emails .', 'tailored testimonials did not significantly affect engagement .', 'using a prescriptive message tone , dictating content viewing order , and sending reminder emails each resulted in greater program engagement relative to the contrasting level of each experimental factor .', 'the results require replication , but suggest that a more directive interaction style may be preferable for online cessation programs .', 'clinicaltrials.gov nct@ ; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct@/show/nct@ ( archived by webcite at http://www.webcitation.org/@f@h@lr@p ) .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['BACKGROUND', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'BACKGROUND']" } ]

[ "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS", "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "a @-year randomized controlled trial of resistance training compared with a control group was undertaken in @ men aged @-@ years .", "although hip bone mineral density , lean body mass , and function increased in both groups , lean body mass and function but not bone density increased more in the resistance group .", "previous studies have demonstrated a positive effect of resistance training on bone mineral density ( bmd ) in postmenopausal women , but the effect in men is unclear .", "the aim was to examine the effect of a @-year resistance training program on bone and lean body mass in @ men aged @-@ years , randomized to either resistance training or active control .", "resistance exercises were selected to provide loading at the hips .", "measurements were taken at @ , @ , and @ months for bmd ( whole body , hip , and spine ) , lean body mass , strength , and functional fitness .", "the intervention showed a significant increase in total hip bmd for both groups at @ months ( active control , @,@-@ ,@ mg/cm ( @ ) ; resistance , @,@-@ ,@ mg/cm ( @ ) , p < @ ) with no increased effect of resistance training compared to active control .", "however , compared to the active control group , the resistance group increased their lean body mass ( active control , @ + / - @ % ; resistance , @ + / - @ % , p < @ ) , fitness ( active control , @ + / - @ % ; resistance , @ + / - @ % , p < @ ) , and lower limb muscle strength ( active control , @ + / - @ % ; resistance , @ + / - @ % , p < @ ) .", "in contrast to previous findings in older women , in older men , a resistance training program does not increase hip bone mass more than walking @ min three times a week ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['a @-year randomized controlled trial of resistance training compared with a control group was undertaken in @ men aged @-@ years .', 'although hip bone mineral density , lean body mass , and function increased in both groups , lean body mass and function but not bone density increased more in the resistance group .', 'previous studies have demonstrated a positive effect of resistance training on bone mineral density ( bmd ) in postmenopausal women , but the effect in men is unclear .', 'the aim was to examine the effect of a @-year resistance training program on bone and lean body mass in @ men aged @-@ years , randomized to either resistance training or active control .', 'resistance exercises were selected to provide loading at the hips .', 'measurements were taken at @ , @ , and @ months for bmd ( whole body , hip , and spine ) , lean body mass , strength , and functional fitness .', 'the intervention showed a significant increase in total hip bmd for both groups at @ months ( active control , @,@-@ ,@ mg/cm ( @ ) ; resistance , @,@-@ ,@ mg/cm ( @ ) , p < @ ) with no increased effect of resistance training compared to active control .', 'however , compared to the active control group , the resistance group increased their lean body mass ( active control , @ + / - @ % ; resistance , @ + / - @ % , p < @ ) , fitness ( active control , @ + / - @ % ; resistance , @ + / - @ % , p < @ ) , and lower limb muscle strength ( active control , @ + / - @ % ; resistance , @ + / - @ % , p < @ ) .', 'in contrast to previous findings in older women , in older men , a resistance training program does not increase hip bone mass more than walking @ min three times a week .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "in vitro , tmc@ , an investigational next-generation non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor ( nnrti ) , has shown activity against wild-type and nnrti-resistant hiv type-@ ( hiv-@ ) and a higher genetic barrier to the development of resistance than efavirenz or nevirapine .", "this phase ii open-label trial evaluated the short-term ( @-day ) antiviral activity of tmc@ administered at three different doses replacing either the protease inhibitor ( pi ) or nnrti of an ongoing failing treatment regimen in hiv-@-infected patients .", "a total of @ patients on failing antiretroviral therapy containing either an nnrti or a pi ( with evidence of > or = @ nnrti resistance-associated mutation at screening for the pi group ) and plasma viral load ( vl ) > @,@ copies/ml were randomized to one of three once-daily tmc@ doses ( @ mg , @ mg or @ mg ) for @ days , while continuing nrtis used at screening .", "the primary efficacy parameter was the change on day @ in log ( @ ) plasma vl from baseline .", "on day @ , median ( min , max ) changes from baseline in plasma vl were -@ ( -@ , @ ) , -@ ( -@ , @ ) and -@ ( -@ , -@ ) log ( @ ) copies/ml for the @ mg , @ mg and @ mg once-daily tmc@ groups , respectively ( p < @ - < @ ) .", "overall , the median change from baseline was -@ log ( @ ) copies/ml in the pi-substituted therapy group and -@ log ( @ ) copies/ml in the nnrti-substituted therapy group .", "tmc@ was generally safe and well tolerated with no apparent differences in safety among the three dose groups .", "once-daily tmc@ showed significant antiviral activity against hiv-@ in treatment-experienced patients with nnrti failure and/or resistance , and was generally safe and well tolerated ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['in vitro , tmc@ , an investigational next-generation non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor ( nnrti ) , has shown activity against wild-type and nnrti-resistant hiv type-@ ( hiv-@ ) and a higher genetic barrier to the development of resistance than efavirenz or nevirapine .', 'this phase ii open-label trial evaluated the short-term ( @-day ) antiviral activity of tmc@ administered at three different doses replacing either the protease inhibitor ( pi ) or nnrti of an ongoing failing treatment regimen in hiv-@-infected patients .', 'a total of @ patients on failing antiretroviral therapy containing either an nnrti or a pi ( with evidence of > or = @ nnrti resistance-associated mutation at screening for the pi group ) and plasma viral load ( vl ) > @,@ copies/ml were randomized to one of three once-daily tmc@ doses ( @ mg , @ mg or @ mg ) for @ days , while continuing nrtis used at screening .', 'the primary efficacy parameter was the change on day @ in log ( @ ) plasma vl from baseline .', 'on day @ , median ( min , max ) changes from baseline in plasma vl were -@ ( -@ , @ ) , -@ ( -@ , @ ) and -@ ( -@ , -@ ) log ( @ ) copies/ml for the @ mg , @ mg and @ mg once-daily tmc@ groups , respectively ( p < @ - < @ ) .', 'overall , the median change from baseline was -@ log ( @ ) copies/ml in the pi-substituted therapy group and -@ log ( @ ) copies/ml in the nnrti-substituted therapy group .', 'tmc@ was generally safe and well tolerated with no apparent differences in safety among the three dose groups .', 'once-daily tmc@ showed significant antiviral activity against hiv-@ in treatment-experienced patients with nnrti failure and/or resistance , and was generally safe and well tolerated .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "this was a pilot randomised controlled trial ( rct ) to investigate the effect of post-operative face-down positioning on the outcome of macular hole surgery and to inform the design of a larger definitive study .", "in all , @ phakic eyes of @ subjects with idiopathic full-thickness macular holes underwent vitrectomy with dye-assisted peeling of the ilm and @ % perfluoropropane gas .", "subjects were randomly allocated to posture face down for @ days ( posturing group ) or to avoid a face-up position only ( non-posturing group ) .", "the primary outcome was anatomical hole closure .", "macular holes closed in @ of @ eyes ( @ % ; @ % confidence interval ( ci ) @-@ % ) in the posturing group and in @ of @ ( @ % ; @ % ci @-@ % ) in the non-posturing group .", "in a subgroup analysis of outcome according to macular hole size , all holes smaller than @ m closed regardless of posturing ( @ % ) .", "in contrast , holes larger than @ m closed in @ of @ eyes ( @ % ; @ % ci @-@ % ) in the posturing group and in only @ of @ eyes ( @ % ; @ % ci @-@ % ) in the non-posturing group ( fisher 's exact test p = @ ) .", "post-operative face-down positioning may improve the likelihood of macular hole closure , particularly for holes larger than @ m.", "these results support the case for a rct ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['this was a pilot randomised controlled trial ( rct ) to investigate the effect of post-operative face-down positioning on the outcome of macular hole surgery and to inform the design of a larger definitive study .', 'in all , @ phakic eyes of @ subjects with idiopathic full-thickness macular holes underwent vitrectomy with dye-assisted peeling of the ilm and @ % perfluoropropane gas .', 'subjects were randomly allocated to posture face down for @ days ( posturing group ) or to avoid a face-up position only ( non-posturing group ) .', 'the primary outcome was anatomical hole closure .', 'macular holes closed in @ of @ eyes ( @ % ; @ % confidence interval ( ci ) @-@ % ) in the posturing group and in @ of @ ( @ % ; @ % ci @-@ % ) in the non-posturing group .', 'in a subgroup analysis of outcome according to macular hole size , all holes smaller than @ m closed regardless of posturing ( @ % ) .', \"in contrast , holes larger than @ m closed in @ of @ eyes ( @ % ; @ % ci @-@ % ) in the posturing group and in only @ of @ eyes ( @ % ; @ % ci @-@ % ) in the non-posturing group ( fisher 's exact test p = @ ) .\", 'post-operative face-down positioning may improve the likelihood of macular hole closure , particularly for holes larger than @ m.', 'these results support the case for a rct .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "the purpose of this prospective study was to determine whether clinical doses of diazepam ( dz ; @ mg/d ) administered for @ days result in tolerance as measured by the sinuosidal harmonic acceleration ( sha ) rotational test .", "it has been shown that repeated dosing with dz leads to accumulation and tolerance in outcome measures that assess memory , sedation , and psychomotor tasks .", "in a double-blinded , repeated-measures design , @ normal male subjects who ranged in age from @ to @ years were randomly assigned to a placebo group or a dz group and participated in @ sha rotational sessions over a @-week period .", "analysis of drug-placebo differences in percent change from baseline was performed with a @-way analysis of variance .", "vestibulo-ocular reflex gain and phase frequencies at @ , @ , @ , and @ hz were significant ( p < @ ) for treatment group .", "no significant effect was observed for gain and phase frequency at @ hz -- a finding that indicates selective effects on different central nervous system mechanisms .", "there was no statistical significance for time .", "clinically , the dz subjects ' scores remained within the normal ranges for vestibulo-ocular phase and gain , suggesting that patients in whom drug cessation is problematic may not have to discontinue dz before testing with the sha rotational system ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['the purpose of this prospective study was to determine whether clinical doses of diazepam ( dz ; @ mg/d ) administered for @ days result in tolerance as measured by the sinuosidal harmonic acceleration ( sha ) rotational test .', 'it has been shown that repeated dosing with dz leads to accumulation and tolerance in outcome measures that assess memory , sedation , and psychomotor tasks .', 'in a double-blinded , repeated-measures design , @ normal male subjects who ranged in age from @ to @ years were randomly assigned to a placebo group or a dz group and participated in @ sha rotational sessions over a @-week period .', 'analysis of drug-placebo differences in percent change from baseline was performed with a @-way analysis of variance .', 'vestibulo-ocular reflex gain and phase frequencies at @ , @ , @ , and @ hz were significant ( p < @ ) for treatment group .', 'no significant effect was observed for gain and phase frequency at @ hz -- a finding that indicates selective effects on different central nervous system mechanisms .', 'there was no statistical significance for time .', \"clinically , the dz subjects ' scores remained within the normal ranges for vestibulo-ocular phase and gain , suggesting that patients in whom drug cessation is problematic may not have to discontinue dz before testing with the sha rotational system .\"]" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "to compare a new tissue adhesive , @-octylcyanoacrylate , with standard wound closure techniques for the repair of traumatic lacerations .", "a prospective , randomized , controlled clinical trial enrolled consecutive patients > @ year of age with non-bite , non-crush-induced lacerations who presented < @ hours after injury .", "structured closed-question data sheets were completed at the time of laceration repair and suture removal .", "patients were randomly assigned to treatment with either @-octylcyanoacrylate or standard wound closure .", "infection was determined at the time of suture removal .", "long-term cosmetic appearance ( > @ months ) was assessed by physicians using a previously validated categorical cosmetic scale and by patients using a @-mm visual analog scale .", "there were @ patients randomized to the octylcyanoacrylate group and @ patients treated with standard wound closure techniques .", "the @ treatment groups were similar with respect to age , gender , race , medical history , and wound characteristics .", "at the @-to-@-day follow-up , only @ wound was infected and only @ wounds required reclosure due to dehiscence .", "these @ patients received treatment with octylcyanoacrylate .", "at long-term follow-up , the cosmetic appearances were similar according to the patients ( octylcyanoacrylate , @ + / - @ mm vs standard techniques , @ + / - @ mm ; p = @ ) and the physicians ( optimal cosmetic appearance , @ % vs @ % ; p = @ ) .", "wounds treated with octylcyanoacrylate and standard wound closure techniques have similar cosmetic appearances @ months later ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['to compare a new tissue adhesive , @-octylcyanoacrylate , with standard wound closure techniques for the repair of traumatic lacerations .', 'a prospective , randomized , controlled clinical trial enrolled consecutive patients > @ year of age with non-bite , non-crush-induced lacerations who presented < @ hours after injury .', 'structured closed-question data sheets were completed at the time of laceration repair and suture removal .', 'patients were randomly assigned to treatment with either @-octylcyanoacrylate or standard wound closure .', 'infection was determined at the time of suture removal .', 'long-term cosmetic appearance ( > @ months ) was assessed by physicians using a previously validated categorical cosmetic scale and by patients using a @-mm visual analog scale .', 'there were @ patients randomized to the octylcyanoacrylate group and @ patients treated with standard wound closure techniques .', 'the @ treatment groups were similar with respect to age , gender , race , medical history , and wound characteristics .', 'at the @-to-@-day follow-up , only @ wound was infected and only @ wounds required reclosure due to dehiscence .', 'these @ patients received treatment with octylcyanoacrylate .', 'at long-term follow-up , the cosmetic appearances were similar according to the patients ( octylcyanoacrylate , @ + / - @ mm vs standard techniques , @ + / - @ mm ; p = @ ) and the physicians ( optimal cosmetic appearance , @ % vs @ % ; p = @ ) .', 'wounds treated with octylcyanoacrylate and standard wound closure techniques have similar cosmetic appearances @ months later .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "to report vision and safety outcomes up to @ years from an extension of the treatment of age-related macular degeneration with photodynamic therapy ( tap ) investigation evaluating verteporfin therapy in patients with subfoveal choroidal neovascularization ( cnv ) in age-related macular degeneration .", "patients who completed the @-year randomized , placebo-controlled portion of the tap investigation could participate in the open-label extension study for an additional @ years .", "patients in the study extension received open-label verteporfin therapy in the study eye , fellow eye or both eyes , irrespective of original treatment assignment to placebo or verteporfin , if leakage from cnv was evident on fluorescein angiography .", "follow-up visits occurred at @-month intervals through to month @ , with a final follow-up visit at month @ .", "of the @ verteporfin-treated patients in the randomized trials , @ ( @ % ) enrolled in the extension study ; @ ( @ % ) of these completed the extension study up to @ years .", "patients received an average of approximately two treatments during the @ years of the extension study .", "seventy-seven ( @ % ) of the @ verteporfin-treated patients with predominantly classic lesions at baseline who enrolled in the extension completed the month @ examination .", "twenty-six ( @ % ) of these @ patients had lost @ or more lines of visual acuity by month @ and @ ( @ % ) had lost this amount of vision by month @ ; the mean change in visual acuity from baseline was also similar at the month @ and month @ examinations ( -@ and -@ lines , respectively ) .", "when visual acuity results were examined for all extension patients who received verteporfin at baseline , regardless of baseline lesion composition and extension study completion status , a similar pattern of visual acuity stabilization was evident .", "few additional instances of infusion-related back pain or photosensitivity reactions were reported from month @ to month @ .", "no additional safety issues were noted after bilateral treatment .", "vision outcomes remained relatively stable from month @ to month @ even though the treatment rate was low during this period .", "the tap study group identified no new safety concerns to preclude repeating verteporfin therapy as described in this study through @ years ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['to report vision and safety outcomes up to @ years from an extension of the treatment of age-related macular degeneration with photodynamic therapy ( tap ) investigation evaluating verteporfin therapy in patients with subfoveal choroidal neovascularization ( cnv ) in age-related macular degeneration .', 'patients who completed the @-year randomized , placebo-controlled portion of the tap investigation could participate in the open-label extension study for an additional @ years .', 'patients in the study extension received open-label verteporfin therapy in the study eye , fellow eye or both eyes , irrespective of original treatment assignment to placebo or verteporfin , if leakage from cnv was evident on fluorescein angiography .', 'follow-up visits occurred at @-month intervals through to month @ , with a final follow-up visit at month @ .', 'of the @ verteporfin-treated patients in the randomized trials , @ ( @ % ) enrolled in the extension study ; @ ( @ % ) of these completed the extension study up to @ years .', 'patients received an average of approximately two treatments during the @ years of the extension study .', 'seventy-seven ( @ % ) of the @ verteporfin-treated patients with predominantly classic lesions at baseline who enrolled in the extension completed the month @ examination .', 'twenty-six ( @ % ) of these @ patients had lost @ or more lines of visual acuity by month @ and @ ( @ % ) had lost this amount of vision by month @ ; the mean change in visual acuity from baseline was also similar at the month @ and month @ examinations ( -@ and -@ lines , respectively ) .', 'when visual acuity results were examined for all extension patients who received verteporfin at baseline , regardless of baseline lesion composition and extension study completion status , a similar pattern of visual acuity stabilization was evident .', 'few additional instances of infusion-related back pain or photosensitivity reactions were reported from month @ to month @ .', 'no additional safety issues were noted after bilateral treatment .', 'vision outcomes remained relatively stable from month @ to month @ even though the treatment rate was low during this period .', 'the tap study group identified no new safety concerns to preclude repeating verteporfin therapy as described in this study through @ years .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "OBJECTIVE", "OBJECTIVE", "OBJECTIVE", "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "morbidly obese individuals are unlikely to reach and maintain normative weights .", "thus , interventions aimed at alleviating corollary problems , independent of attempts at weight loss , are appropriate .", "a cognitive group treatment program ( ct ) was developed which incorporated a nondieting approach , regular exercise , and use of alternative coping skills .", "weight loss per se was not a focus of the intervention .", "the purpose of the current work was to evaluate this program in a controlled , comparative treatment outcome study .", "sixty-two obese women with a history of treatment failures were randomly assigned to the ct program , a behavior therapy weight loss program ( bt ) , or a wait-list control group .", "for ct participants , depression , anxiety , and eating-related psychopathology decreased significantly over the course of treatment while perceptions of self-control increased ; bt and control subjects showed no significant changes in these variables .", "women in both active treatment groups lost significant amounts of weight , while members of the control group showed a nonsignificant increase in weight .", "at @-month follow-up , treatment benefits were maintained .", "findings suggest that interventions not directly aimed at weight loss can enhance psychological well-being and thus may be appropriate for some obese women ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['morbidly obese individuals are unlikely to reach and maintain normative weights .', 'thus , interventions aimed at alleviating corollary problems , independent of attempts at weight loss , are appropriate .', 'a cognitive group treatment program ( ct ) was developed which incorporated a nondieting approach , regular exercise , and use of alternative coping skills .', 'weight loss per se was not a focus of the intervention .', 'the purpose of the current work was to evaluate this program in a controlled , comparative treatment outcome study .', 'sixty-two obese women with a history of treatment failures were randomly assigned to the ct program , a behavior therapy weight loss program ( bt ) , or a wait-list control group .', 'for ct participants , depression , anxiety , and eating-related psychopathology decreased significantly over the course of treatment while perceptions of self-control increased ; bt and control subjects showed no significant changes in these variables .', 'women in both active treatment groups lost significant amounts of weight , while members of the control group showed a nonsignificant increase in weight .', 'at @-month follow-up , treatment benefits were maintained .', 'findings suggest that interventions not directly aimed at weight loss can enhance psychological well-being and thus may be appropriate for some obese women .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'OBJECTIVE', 'OBJECTIVE', 'OBJECTIVE', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "OBJECTIVE", "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "continuous epidural analgesia may be considered in liver resection but is often avoided because of possible coagulopathies and the risk of epidural hematoma in the postoperative period .", "on the other hand , there is no coagulation defect during the surgery .", "effective prevention of postoperative pain may require continuous sensory ablation throughout the surgery event .", "a prospective , randomized , double-blind study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of intraoperative epidural anesthesia on postoperative morphine consumption via patient-controlled analgesia after liver surgery in @ groups of patients .", "one group ( epidural ) received , intraoperatively , thoracic epidural bupivacaine perfusion ( @ % at @ ml/hr ) added to preoperative intrathecal morphine ( @ mg ) and fentanyl ( @ microg ) .", "the other group ( placebo ) was administered the same intrathecal narcotics but with a sham epidural .", "forty-four patients scheduled for major liver resection ( > or = @ segments ) were recruited .", "patient-controlled analgesia morphine consumption , pain at rest and with movement , sedation , nausea , pruritus , and respiratory frequency were evaluated at @ , @ , @ , @ , @ , @ , and @ hrs after intrathecal morphine injection .", "patients in the placebo group consumed twice as much morphine during each time interval than patients in the epidural group ( at @ hrs : @ [ sd , @ ] vs @ [ sd , @ ] mg ; p < @ ) .", "pain evaluation on visual analog scale at rest and on movement was lower in the epidural group ( p = @ and p = @ ) .", "intraoperative thoracic epidural infusion of bupivacaine , added to intrathecal morphine , decreased postoperative morphine consumption with better pain relief compared with the placebo ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['continuous epidural analgesia may be considered in liver resection but is often avoided because of possible coagulopathies and the risk of epidural hematoma in the postoperative period .', 'on the other hand , there is no coagulation defect during the surgery .', 'effective prevention of postoperative pain may require continuous sensory ablation throughout the surgery event .', 'a prospective , randomized , double-blind study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of intraoperative epidural anesthesia on postoperative morphine consumption via patient-controlled analgesia after liver surgery in @ groups of patients .', 'one group ( epidural ) received , intraoperatively , thoracic epidural bupivacaine perfusion ( @ % at @ ml/hr ) added to preoperative intrathecal morphine ( @ mg ) and fentanyl ( @ microg ) .', 'the other group ( placebo ) was administered the same intrathecal narcotics but with a sham epidural .', 'forty-four patients scheduled for major liver resection ( > or = @ segments ) were recruited .', 'patient-controlled analgesia morphine consumption , pain at rest and with movement , sedation , nausea , pruritus , and respiratory frequency were evaluated at @ , @ , @ , @ , @ , @ , and @ hrs after intrathecal morphine injection .', 'patients in the placebo group consumed twice as much morphine during each time interval than patients in the epidural group ( at @ hrs : @ [ sd , @ ] vs @ [ sd , @ ] mg ; p < @ ) .', 'pain evaluation on visual analog scale at rest and on movement was lower in the epidural group ( p = @ and p = @ ) .', 'intraoperative thoracic epidural infusion of bupivacaine , added to intrathecal morphine , decreased postoperative morphine consumption with better pain relief compared with the placebo .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'OBJECTIVE', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS" ]

[ "this in vivo study investigated the formation of hybrid layer , resin tags and adhesive lateral branches , by use of the latest generation of enamel-dentin bonding systems ( `` one-bottle '' systems ) on conditioned and unconditioned enamel and dentin .", "the dentin adhesives were tested on @ flat dentin preparations made on facial surfaces of vital , periodontally compromised teeth .", "the experimental teeth were randomly divided in six groups of four samples each .", "group @ : prime & bond @ ( conditioned dentin , cd ) ; group @ : single bond ( cd ) ; group @ : syntac sprint ( cd ) ; group @ : prime & bond @ ( unconditioned dentin , ud ) ; group @ : single bond ( ud ) ; group @ : syntac sprint ( ud ) .", "in the first three groups , the `` one-bottle '' systems were applied following the manufacturers ' instructions , while in the other three groups the dentin and the enamel were not treated with phosphoric acid and the primer was applied directly on the prepared surfaces .", "on top of the primer-adhesive , a thin layer of resin was applied and light-cured for @ seconds .", "the sample teeth were extracted immediately after the adhesive material was light-cured .", "all the samples were split-fractured along their long axis .", "half of the samples were deproteinized and decalcified at the interface in order to visualize the hybrid layer and the other halves were completely dissolved in order to observe the morphology of resin tags by use of scanning electron microscopy .", "groups @-@ : all the tested products showed the same micromechanical bonding mechanism to conditioned dentin with phosphoric acid : they formed hybrid layer , resin tags and adhesive lateral branches .", "in the samples of the first three groups , characteristic reverse cone-shaped tags with their corresponding adhesive lateral branches were evident .", "at the enamel site , traditional pattern of etch enamel was always observed .", "groups @-@ : when the bonding systems were applied on unconditioned dentin , hybrid layer was not formed , resin tags were rarely noted and their shape was narrow and they did not completely seal the tubular orifices .", "the tubules remained mainly closed by smear plugs .", "at the enamel site , the unetched surface showed absence of characteristic etch pattern and of resin tags ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: [\"this in vivo study investigated the formation of hybrid layer , resin tags and adhesive lateral branches , by use of the latest generation of enamel-dentin bonding systems ( `` one-bottle '' systems ) on conditioned and unconditioned enamel and dentin .\", 'the dentin adhesives were tested on @ flat dentin preparations made on facial surfaces of vital , periodontally compromised teeth .', 'the experimental teeth were randomly divided in six groups of four samples each .', 'group @ : prime & bond @ ( conditioned dentin , cd ) ; group @ : single bond ( cd ) ; group @ : syntac sprint ( cd ) ; group @ : prime & bond @ ( unconditioned dentin , ud ) ; group @ : single bond ( ud ) ; group @ : syntac sprint ( ud ) .', \"in the first three groups , the `` one-bottle '' systems were applied following the manufacturers ' instructions , while in the other three groups the dentin and the enamel were not treated with phosphoric acid and the primer was applied directly on the prepared surfaces .\", 'on top of the primer-adhesive , a thin layer of resin was applied and light-cured for @ seconds .', 'the sample teeth were extracted immediately after the adhesive material was light-cured .', 'all the samples were split-fractured along their long axis .', 'half of the samples were deproteinized and decalcified at the interface in order to visualize the hybrid layer and the other halves were completely dissolved in order to observe the morphology of resin tags by use of scanning electron microscopy .', 'groups @-@ : all the tested products showed the same micromechanical bonding mechanism to conditioned dentin with phosphoric acid : they formed hybrid layer , resin tags and adhesive lateral branches .', 'in the samples of the first three groups , characteristic reverse cone-shaped tags with their corresponding adhesive lateral branches were evident .', 'at the enamel site , traditional pattern of etch enamel was always observed .', 'groups @-@ : when the bonding systems were applied on unconditioned dentin , hybrid layer was not formed , resin tags were rarely noted and their shape was narrow and they did not completely seal the tubular orifices .', 'the tubules remained mainly closed by smear plugs .', 'at the enamel site , the unetched surface showed absence of characteristic etch pattern and of resin tags .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "to compare postoperative signs of discomfort and complications associated with use of co@ laser for onychectomy with those of the scalpel technique in cats .", "prospective , randomized , masked clinical trial .", "@ client-owned cats .", "forelimb feet ( right , left ) were randomly assigned to laser and scalpel treatment groups .", "signs of discomfort ( lameness and signs of pain ) and complications ( hemorrhage , swelling , and discharge ) were assessed on days @ , @ , and @ .", "surgeries were performed by @ experienced surgeon .", "evaluations were performed by @ individuals without knowledge of treatment group .", "signs of discomfort and complications were scored on scales of @ to @ and @ to @ , respectively .", "onychectomy did not result in high discomfort or complication scores @ day after surgery , regardless of technique used , although the laser-treated group had significantly lower scores for signs of discomfort and complications .", "seven days after surgery , significant differences were not detected between groups for signs of discomfort or complications .", "the co@ laser can be an excellent tool for onychectomy in cats , with excellent hemostasis and minimal postoperative discomfort and complications .", "differences in discomfort and complications between groups treated via scalpel versus co@ laser were not clinically relevant and were only observed @ day after surgery ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['to compare postoperative signs of discomfort and complications associated with use of co@ laser for onychectomy with those of the scalpel technique in cats .', 'prospective , randomized , masked clinical trial .', '@ client-owned cats .', 'forelimb feet ( right , left ) were randomly assigned to laser and scalpel treatment groups .', 'signs of discomfort ( lameness and signs of pain ) and complications ( hemorrhage , swelling , and discharge ) were assessed on days @ , @ , and @ .', 'surgeries were performed by @ experienced surgeon .', 'evaluations were performed by @ individuals without knowledge of treatment group .', 'signs of discomfort and complications were scored on scales of @ to @ and @ to @ , respectively .', 'onychectomy did not result in high discomfort or complication scores @ day after surgery , regardless of technique used , although the laser-treated group had significantly lower scores for signs of discomfort and complications .', 'seven days after surgery , significant differences were not detected between groups for signs of discomfort or complications .', 'the co@ laser can be an excellent tool for onychectomy in cats , with excellent hemostasis and minimal postoperative discomfort and complications .', 'differences in discomfort and complications between groups treated via scalpel versus co@ laser were not clinically relevant and were only observed @ day after surgery .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "several studies suggest that increased plasma testosterone can improve sexual function and desire in post-oophorectomy or postmenopausal women .", "however , side effects of chronic daily testosterone raise questions about the generalizability of this treatment approach .", "sublingual testosterone was reported to cause testosterone levels to peak after @ minutes and then decline to baseline levels within @ minutes .", "three to @ hours after reaching testosterone peak , increased genital sensations and sexual lust were reported .", "we hypothesized that a single dose of testosterone given @-@ hours prior to planned intercourse in women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder ( hsdd ) might increase desire without side effects associated with chronic use .", "the design was randomized double-blind crossover .", "premenstrual women with hsdd received eight packets of gel or identical placebo for use before intercourse twice weekly for @ month .", "for a second month , the alternate treatment was given .", "ratings were performed using the patient-rated arizona sexual experiences scale for females and the clinician-rated sexual function questionnaire ( sfq-v@ ) .", "ten patients completed the study .", "on the five-item self-report arizona , the item `` how easily are you aroused ? ''", "was significantly improved on testosterone gel vs. placebo , p = @ .", "there were similar trends on the physician-rated sfq-v@ `` arousal-sensation '' cluster .", "these preliminary results suggest that testosterone gel given prn before intercourse has effects on sexual arousal , and further research is needed to define dosage and time schedule to optimize this effect and determine its clinical relevance ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['several studies suggest that increased plasma testosterone can improve sexual function and desire in post-oophorectomy or postmenopausal women .', 'however , side effects of chronic daily testosterone raise questions about the generalizability of this treatment approach .', 'sublingual testosterone was reported to cause testosterone levels to peak after @ minutes and then decline to baseline levels within @ minutes .', 'three to @ hours after reaching testosterone peak , increased genital sensations and sexual lust were reported .', 'we hypothesized that a single dose of testosterone given @-@ hours prior to planned intercourse in women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder ( hsdd ) might increase desire without side effects associated with chronic use .', 'the design was randomized double-blind crossover .', 'premenstrual women with hsdd received eight packets of gel or identical placebo for use before intercourse twice weekly for @ month .', 'for a second month , the alternate treatment was given .', 'ratings were performed using the patient-rated arizona sexual experiences scale for females and the clinician-rated sexual function questionnaire ( sfq-v@ ) .', 'ten patients completed the study .', \"on the five-item self-report arizona , the item `` how easily are you aroused ? ''\", 'was significantly improved on testosterone gel vs. placebo , p = @ .', \"there were similar trends on the physician-rated sfq-v@ `` arousal-sensation '' cluster .\", 'these preliminary results suggest that testosterone gel given prn before intercourse has effects on sexual arousal , and further research is needed to define dosage and time schedule to optimize this effect and determine its clinical relevance .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "cognitive impairment develops with pre-diabetes and dementia is a complication of diabetes .", "natural products like turmeric and cinnamon may ameliorate the underlying pathogenesis .", "people @ years ( n = @ ) with newly-recognised untreated pre-diabetes were randomised to a double-blind metabolic study of placebo , turmeric ( @ g ) , cinnamon ( @ g ) or both ( @ g & @ g respectively ) , ingested at a white bread ( @ g ) breakfast .", "observations were made over @ hours for pre - and post-working memory ( wm ) , glycaemic and insulin responses and biomarkers of alzheimer 's disease ( ad ) ( @ , @ , @ and @ hours ) : amyloid precursor protein ( app ) , - secretase subunits presenilin-@ ( ps@ ) , presenilin-@ ( ps@ ) , and glycogen synthase kinase ( gsk-@ ) .", "differences between natural product users and non-users were determined by students t and chi square tests ; and between pre-test and post-test wm by wilcoxon signed rank tests .", "interaction between turmeric and cinnamon was tested by @-way anova .", "multivariable linear regression ( mlr ) took account of bmi , glycaemia , insulin and ad biomarkers in the wm responses to turmeric and cinnamon .", "no interaction between turmeric and cinnamon was detected .", "wm increased from @ to @ out of @ ( p = @ ) with turmeric , but was unchanged with cinnamon .", "wm improvement was inversely associated with insulin resistance ( r = -@ , p < @ ) , but not with ad biomarkers .", "with mlr , the wm responses to turmeric were best predicted with an r@ of @ % ; and with significant turmeric , bmi and insulin/glucose auc beta-coefficients .", "co-ingestion of turmeric with white bread increases working memory independent of body fatness , glycaemia , insulin , or ad biomarkers ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['cognitive impairment develops with pre-diabetes and dementia is a complication of diabetes .', 'natural products like turmeric and cinnamon may ameliorate the underlying pathogenesis .', 'people @ years ( n = @ ) with newly-recognised untreated pre-diabetes were randomised to a double-blind metabolic study of placebo , turmeric ( @ g ) , cinnamon ( @ g ) or both ( @ g & @ g respectively ) , ingested at a white bread ( @ g ) breakfast .', \"observations were made over @ hours for pre - and post-working memory ( wm ) , glycaemic and insulin responses and biomarkers of alzheimer 's disease ( ad ) ( @ , @ , @ and @ hours ) : amyloid precursor protein ( app ) , - secretase subunits presenilin-@ ( ps@ ) , presenilin-@ ( ps@ ) , and glycogen synthase kinase ( gsk-@ ) .\", 'differences between natural product users and non-users were determined by students t and chi square tests ; and between pre-test and post-test wm by wilcoxon signed rank tests .', 'interaction between turmeric and cinnamon was tested by @-way anova .', 'multivariable linear regression ( mlr ) took account of bmi , glycaemia , insulin and ad biomarkers in the wm responses to turmeric and cinnamon .', 'no interaction between turmeric and cinnamon was detected .', 'wm increased from @ to @ out of @ ( p = @ ) with turmeric , but was unchanged with cinnamon .', 'wm improvement was inversely associated with insulin resistance ( r = -@ , p < @ ) , but not with ad biomarkers .', 'with mlr , the wm responses to turmeric were best predicted with an r@ of @ % ; and with significant turmeric , bmi and insulin/glucose auc beta-coefficients .', 'co-ingestion of turmeric with white bread increases working memory independent of body fatness , glycaemia , insulin , or ad biomarkers .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "to determine whether combined cataract surgery with endoscopic laser cycloablation produces less inflammation than cataract surgery combined with a filtering procedure .", "taylor regional hospital ( surgeries ) and eyesight associates ( examinations ) , warner robins , georgia , usa .", "a randomized prospective study was conducted of @ eyes of @ patients comparing endoscopic laser cycloablation performed through a cataract incision at the time of cataract surgery with combined trabeculectomy and cataract surgery .", "mean follow-up was @ years .", "at the final available visit , @ % of endoscopic laser patients achieved intraocular pressure control ( below @ mm hg ) without medication and @ % with medication .", "forty percent of trabeculectomy patients achieved control without medication and @ % with medication .", "four endoscopic laser patients ( @ % ) and @ trabeculectomy patients ( @ % ) were considered treatment failures ( required additional surgical intervention ) .", "endoscopic laser cycloablation performed through a cataract incision was a reasonably safe and effective alternative to combined cataract and trabeculectomy surgery , providing an option for cataract patients who have glaucoma requiring surgical intervention ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['to determine whether combined cataract surgery with endoscopic laser cycloablation produces less inflammation than cataract surgery combined with a filtering procedure .', 'taylor regional hospital ( surgeries ) and eyesight associates ( examinations ) , warner robins , georgia , usa .', 'a randomized prospective study was conducted of @ eyes of @ patients comparing endoscopic laser cycloablation performed through a cataract incision at the time of cataract surgery with combined trabeculectomy and cataract surgery .', 'mean follow-up was @ years .', 'at the final available visit , @ % of endoscopic laser patients achieved intraocular pressure control ( below @ mm hg ) without medication and @ % with medication .', 'forty percent of trabeculectomy patients achieved control without medication and @ % with medication .', 'four endoscopic laser patients ( @ % ) and @ trabeculectomy patients ( @ % ) were considered treatment failures ( required additional surgical intervention ) .', 'endoscopic laser cycloablation performed through a cataract incision was a reasonably safe and effective alternative to combined cataract and trabeculectomy surgery , providing an option for cataract patients who have glaucoma requiring surgical intervention .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "daily divided dose cisplatin ( ddd-p ) is used as an efficient modulator of fluorouracil ( @-fu ) , as is leucovorin ( lv ) .", "we performed a randomized trial to compare the efficacy @-fu plus ddd-p ( ddd-fp ) therapy with @-fu alone in resected colorectal cancer as the adjuvant therapy .", "one hundred and eighty-eight stage ii or iii colorectal cancer patients were enrolled .", "patients were randomly assigned to receive ddd-fp ( @-fu , @ mg / m ( @ ) , daily for @ days ; cddp , @ mg/m ( @ ) daily for @ days ) followed by oral @-fu ( @ mg/body daily for @ years ) ( ddd-fp arm ) or oral @-fu therapy ( @ mg / body daily for @ years ) exclusively ( oral @-fu arm ) .", "the @-year disease-free survival ( dfs ) rates and the overall survival ( os ) rates indicated no significant difference between the two arms .", "by stratified analysis , in the colon cancer patients , the dfs and the os for the ddd-fp arm were significantly increased : @ % and @ % in the ddd-fp arm as compared with @ % and @ % in the oral @-fu arm ( p = @ and p = @ ) .", "regarding adverse effects , grade @-@ toxicities were not significant in two arms .", "ddd-fp followed by oral @-fu therapy suggested a feasible regimen for patients with resected colon cancer as the adjuvant therapy ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['daily divided dose cisplatin ( ddd-p ) is used as an efficient modulator of fluorouracil ( @-fu ) , as is leucovorin ( lv ) .', 'we performed a randomized trial to compare the efficacy @-fu plus ddd-p ( ddd-fp ) therapy with @-fu alone in resected colorectal cancer as the adjuvant therapy .', 'one hundred and eighty-eight stage ii or iii colorectal cancer patients were enrolled .', 'patients were randomly assigned to receive ddd-fp ( @-fu , @ mg / m ( @ ) , daily for @ days ; cddp , @ mg/m ( @ ) daily for @ days ) followed by oral @-fu ( @ mg/body daily for @ years ) ( ddd-fp arm ) or oral @-fu therapy ( @ mg / body daily for @ years ) exclusively ( oral @-fu arm ) .', 'the @-year disease-free survival ( dfs ) rates and the overall survival ( os ) rates indicated no significant difference between the two arms .', 'by stratified analysis , in the colon cancer patients , the dfs and the os for the ddd-fp arm were significantly increased : @ % and @ % in the ddd-fp arm as compared with @ % and @ % in the oral @-fu arm ( p = @ and p = @ ) .', 'regarding adverse effects , grade @-@ toxicities were not significant in two arms .', 'ddd-fp followed by oral @-fu therapy suggested a feasible regimen for patients with resected colon cancer as the adjuvant therapy .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "to provide production data that would support or discount current teeth clipping practices in sucking pigs .", "intervention study of @ litters of pigs on a commercial farm .", "litters were assigned to one of three interventions undertaken at @ day of age : clipped using hand-operated side cutter pliers , ground using a battery-operated grinder or left intact .", "the effects of the intervention on weaning weight , preweaning mortality , facial lesions , gum damage and arthritis in litters of pigs were recorded , as was the incidence of udder damage of the sows .", "weight gain and facial damage postweaning of pigs within each intervention group were recorded .", "the cost : benefit of each intervention was determined .", "average weaning weight of pigs whose teeth were clipped was higher than of those whose teeth were ground but not of those with intact teeth .", "clipping resulted in fewer preweaning deaths than both unclipped and ground litters due to fewer overlays .", "the incidence and severity of face scarring was higher in unclipped litters than clipped and ground litters .", "treatment had no effect on face scars at weaning , udder damage , post-treatment fostering , time of preweaning deaths or postweaning weight gain .", "there was an additional labour cost of @ cents per pig with teeth clipping .", "this study supports teeth clipping of sucking pigs because there are welfare , production and financial benefits including reduced facial damage and preweaning mortality ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['to provide production data that would support or discount current teeth clipping practices in sucking pigs .', 'intervention study of @ litters of pigs on a commercial farm .', 'litters were assigned to one of three interventions undertaken at @ day of age : clipped using hand-operated side cutter pliers , ground using a battery-operated grinder or left intact .', 'the effects of the intervention on weaning weight , preweaning mortality , facial lesions , gum damage and arthritis in litters of pigs were recorded , as was the incidence of udder damage of the sows .', 'weight gain and facial damage postweaning of pigs within each intervention group were recorded .', 'the cost : benefit of each intervention was determined .', 'average weaning weight of pigs whose teeth were clipped was higher than of those whose teeth were ground but not of those with intact teeth .', 'clipping resulted in fewer preweaning deaths than both unclipped and ground litters due to fewer overlays .', 'the incidence and severity of face scarring was higher in unclipped litters than clipped and ground litters .', 'treatment had no effect on face scars at weaning , udder damage , post-treatment fostering , time of preweaning deaths or postweaning weight gain .', 'there was an additional labour cost of @ cents per pig with teeth clipping .', 'this study supports teeth clipping of sucking pigs because there are welfare , production and financial benefits including reduced facial damage and preweaning mortality .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "BACKGROUND", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "BACKGROUND" ]

[ "an artemisinin-based combination therapy , artesunate ( as ) plus sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine ( sp ) , was compared to sp monotherapy to provide evidence of further treatment options in southern mozambique .", "between @ and @ , @ patients over one year and @ kg with uncomplicated plasmodium falciparum malaria were randomly allocated sp ( @/@ @ mg per kg day @ ) or as/sp ( as above plus @ mg/kg artesunate days @ , @ and @ ) .", "allocation was concealed , but treatment was open-label except to microscopists .", "the primary objective was the relative risk of treatment failure , which was assessed using world health organization response definitions modified to a @-day follow-up .", "of the @ subjects enrolled , @ ( @ % ) completed the follow up period ( sp n = @ , as/sp n = @ ) .", "a survival analysis including @ subjects showed that the polymerase chain reaction-adjusted cure rates were @ % ( @ % confidence interval [ ci ] @ % -@ % ) and @ % ( @ % ci @ % -@ % ) for sp and as/sp respectively .", "multivariable analysis showed that treatment with as/sp decreased the relative hazard of treatment failure by @ % compared to sp ( hazard ratio [ hr ] @ ; @ % ci @-@ @ ) and age over seven years decreased the relative hazard of failure by @ % ( hr @ ; @ % ci @-@ @ ) , when compared to younger age .", "however , having a quintuple dhfr/dhps mutation increased the relative hazard of failure compared to fewer mutations ( hr @ ; @ % ci @-@ @ ) and baseline axillary temperature increased the relative hazard of failure by @ % for each degree c increase ( hr @ ; @ % ci @-@ @ ) .", "while both treatments were efficacious , as plus sp significantly decreased the relative hazard of treatment failure compared to sp monotherapy artesunate plus sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine , but not sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine monotherapy , met the current who criteria of > @ % efficacy for policy implementation .", "nct@ and nct@ ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['an artemisinin-based combination therapy , artesunate ( as ) plus sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine ( sp ) , was compared to sp monotherapy to provide evidence of further treatment options in southern mozambique .', 'between @ and @ , @ patients over one year and @ kg with uncomplicated plasmodium falciparum malaria were randomly allocated sp ( @/@ @ mg per kg day @ ) or as/sp ( as above plus @ mg/kg artesunate days @ , @ and @ ) .', 'allocation was concealed , but treatment was open-label except to microscopists .', 'the primary objective was the relative risk of treatment failure , which was assessed using world health organization response definitions modified to a @-day follow-up .', 'of the @ subjects enrolled , @ ( @ % ) completed the follow up period ( sp n = @ , as/sp n = @ ) .', 'a survival analysis including @ subjects showed that the polymerase chain reaction-adjusted cure rates were @ % ( @ % confidence interval [ ci ] @ % -@ % ) and @ % ( @ % ci @ % -@ % ) for sp and as/sp respectively .', 'multivariable analysis showed that treatment with as/sp decreased the relative hazard of treatment failure by @ % compared to sp ( hazard ratio [ hr ] @ ; @ % ci @-@ @ ) and age over seven years decreased the relative hazard of failure by @ % ( hr @ ; @ % ci @-@ @ ) , when compared to younger age .', 'however , having a quintuple dhfr/dhps mutation increased the relative hazard of failure compared to fewer mutations ( hr @ ; @ % ci @-@ @ ) and baseline axillary temperature increased the relative hazard of failure by @ % for each degree c increase ( hr @ ; @ % ci @-@ @ ) .', 'while both treatments were efficacious , as plus sp significantly decreased the relative hazard of treatment failure compared to sp monotherapy artesunate plus sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine , but not sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine monotherapy , met the current who criteria of > @ % efficacy for policy implementation .', 'nct@ and nct@ .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'BACKGROUND']" } ]

[ "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "aortic dissection requires prompt and reliable diagnosis to reduce the high mortality .", "the purpose of this study was to assess the reliability of both ecg-triggered magnetic resonance imaging ( mri ) and transesophageal two-dimensional echocardiography combined with color-coded doppler flow imaging ( tee ) for the diagnosis of thoracic aortic dissection and associated epiphenomena .", "fifty-three consecutive patients with clinically suspected aortic dissection were subjected to a dual noninvasive imaging protocol in random order ; imaging results were compared and validated against the independent morphological `` gold standard '' of intraoperative findings ( n = @ ) , necropsy ( n = @ ) , and/or contrast angiography ( n = @ ) .", "no serious side effects were encountered with either imaging method .", "in contrast to a precursory screening transthoracic echogram , the sensitivities of both mri and tee were @ % for detecting a dissection of the thoracic aorta irrespective of its location .", "the specificity of tee , however , was lower than the specificity of mri for a dissection ( tee , @ % versus mri , @ % ; p less than @ ) , which resulted mainly from false-positive tee findings confined to the ascending segment of the aorta ( tee , @ % versus mri , @ % ; p less than @ ) .", "in addition , mri proved to be more sensitive than tee in detecting the formation of thrombus in the false lumen of both the aortic arch ( p less than @ ) and the descending segment of the aorta ( p less than @ ) .", "there were no discrepancies between the two imaging techniques in detecting the site of entry to a dissection , aortic regurgitation , or pericardial effusion .", "both mri and tee are atraumatic , safe , and highly sensitive methods to identify and classify acute and subacute dissections of the entire thoracic aorta .", "tee , however , is associated with lower specificity for lesions in the ascending aorta .", "these results may still favor tee as a semi-invasive diagnostic procedure after a precursory screening transthoracic echogram in suspected aortic dissection , but they establish mri as an excellent method to avoid false-positive findings .", "anatomic mapping by mri may emerge as the most comprehensive approach and morphological standard to guide surgical interventions ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['aortic dissection requires prompt and reliable diagnosis to reduce the high mortality .', 'the purpose of this study was to assess the reliability of both ecg-triggered magnetic resonance imaging ( mri ) and transesophageal two-dimensional echocardiography combined with color-coded doppler flow imaging ( tee ) for the diagnosis of thoracic aortic dissection and associated epiphenomena .', \"fifty-three consecutive patients with clinically suspected aortic dissection were subjected to a dual noninvasive imaging protocol in random order ; imaging results were compared and validated against the independent morphological `` gold standard '' of intraoperative findings ( n = @ ) , necropsy ( n = @ ) , and/or contrast angiography ( n = @ ) .\", 'no serious side effects were encountered with either imaging method .', 'in contrast to a precursory screening transthoracic echogram , the sensitivities of both mri and tee were @ % for detecting a dissection of the thoracic aorta irrespective of its location .', 'the specificity of tee , however , was lower than the specificity of mri for a dissection ( tee , @ % versus mri , @ % ; p less than @ ) , which resulted mainly from false-positive tee findings confined to the ascending segment of the aorta ( tee , @ % versus mri , @ % ; p less than @ ) .', 'in addition , mri proved to be more sensitive than tee in detecting the formation of thrombus in the false lumen of both the aortic arch ( p less than @ ) and the descending segment of the aorta ( p less than @ ) .', 'there were no discrepancies between the two imaging techniques in detecting the site of entry to a dissection , aortic regurgitation , or pericardial effusion .', 'both mri and tee are atraumatic , safe , and highly sensitive methods to identify and classify acute and subacute dissections of the entire thoracic aorta .', 'tee , however , is associated with lower specificity for lesions in the ascending aorta .', 'these results may still favor tee as a semi-invasive diagnostic procedure after a precursory screening transthoracic echogram in suspected aortic dissection , but they establish mri as an excellent method to avoid false-positive findings .', 'anatomic mapping by mri may emerge as the most comprehensive approach and morphological standard to guide surgical interventions .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "to investigate if double modulation of fluorouracil ( @-fu ) with leucovorin ( folinic acid [ fa ] ) and interferon alfa-@b ( ifn @b ) improves responses and survival in comparison to single modulation of @-fu with fa .", "one hundred six patients with histologically confirmed advanced colorectal cancer , measurable disease , and without previous chemotherapy were prospectively randomized into two groups .", "patients in group a received @-fu @ mg/m@ as an intravenous bolus in the midinfusion of fa weekly .", "fa was given at a dose of @ mg/m@ in @ ml @ % normal saline solution in @-hour infusion .", "patients in group b received exactly the same regimen plus ifn @b @ million units subcutaneously three times weekly .", "all patients were well balanced in both groups regarding age , sex , performance status , number , and site of metastasis .", "one hundred two patients were assessable .", "all patients have died .", "there was no difference in response between the two groups ( @ % v @ % ) .", "median survival was @ months in group a , and @ months in group b ( p = @ ) .", "median time to progression was @ and @ months , respectively ( p = @ ) .", "overall , better performance status and older age had a positive impact on survival .", "toxicity was the most important and catastrophic aspect of this study .", "patients who received ifn @b had significantly worse anemia , neutropenia , diarrhea , anorexia , weight loss , flu-like syndrome , and psychological reactions .", "based on this final analysis , the addition of ifn @b to the combination of @-fu and fa enhances toxicity and contributes to decreased survival ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['to investigate if double modulation of fluorouracil ( @-fu ) with leucovorin ( folinic acid [ fa ] ) and interferon alfa-@b ( ifn @b ) improves responses and survival in comparison to single modulation of @-fu with fa .', 'one hundred six patients with histologically confirmed advanced colorectal cancer , measurable disease , and without previous chemotherapy were prospectively randomized into two groups .', 'patients in group a received @-fu @ mg/m@ as an intravenous bolus in the midinfusion of fa weekly .', 'fa was given at a dose of @ mg/m@ in @ ml @ % normal saline solution in @-hour infusion .', 'patients in group b received exactly the same regimen plus ifn @b @ million units subcutaneously three times weekly .', 'all patients were well balanced in both groups regarding age , sex , performance status , number , and site of metastasis .', 'one hundred two patients were assessable .', 'all patients have died .', 'there was no difference in response between the two groups ( @ % v @ % ) .', 'median survival was @ months in group a , and @ months in group b ( p = @ ) .', 'median time to progression was @ and @ months , respectively ( p = @ ) .', 'overall , better performance status and older age had a positive impact on survival .', 'toxicity was the most important and catastrophic aspect of this study .', 'patients who received ifn @b had significantly worse anemia , neutropenia , diarrhea , anorexia , weight loss , flu-like syndrome , and psychological reactions .', 'based on this final analysis , the addition of ifn @b to the combination of @-fu and fa enhances toxicity and contributes to decreased survival .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "epidural injections are performed to manage lumbar central spinal stenosis pain utilizing caudal , interlaminar , and transforaminal approaches .", "the literature on the efficacy of epidural injections in managing lumbar central spinal stenosis pain is sparse ; lacking multiple , high quality randomized trials with long-term follow-up .", "two randomized controlled trials of the caudal and lumbar interlaminar approaches that assessed @ patients with lumbar central spinal stenosis were analyzed .", "the analysis found efficacy for both caudal and interlaminar approaches in managing chronic pain and disability from central spinal stenosis was demonstrated .", "in the patients responsive to treatment , those with at least @ weeks of improvement with the first @ procedures , @ % reported significant improvement with caudal epidural injections , whereas it was @ % with local anesthetic only with interlaminar epidurals , @ % with caudal and @ % with lumbar interlaminar with local anesthetic with steroid .", "the response rate was @ % with caudal and @ % with lumbar interlaminar with local anesthetic only and @ % with caudal and @ % with lumbar interlaminar with local anesthetic with steroid when all patients were considered .", "in the interlaminar approach , results were superior for pain relief and functional status with fewer nonresponsive patients compared to the caudal approach .", "the data was derived from @ previously published randomized , controlled trials rather than comparing @ techniques in one randomized controlled trial .", "further , the randomized controlled trials were active control trials without a placebo .", "the results of this assessment showed significant improvement in patients suffering with chronic lumbar spinal stenosis with caudal and interlaminar epidural approaches with local anesthetic only , or with steroids in a long-term follow-up of up to @ years , in contemporary interventional pain management setting , with the interlaminar approach providing significantly better results ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['epidural injections are performed to manage lumbar central spinal stenosis pain utilizing caudal , interlaminar , and transforaminal approaches .', 'the literature on the efficacy of epidural injections in managing lumbar central spinal stenosis pain is sparse ; lacking multiple , high quality randomized trials with long-term follow-up .', 'two randomized controlled trials of the caudal and lumbar interlaminar approaches that assessed @ patients with lumbar central spinal stenosis were analyzed .', 'the analysis found efficacy for both caudal and interlaminar approaches in managing chronic pain and disability from central spinal stenosis was demonstrated .', 'in the patients responsive to treatment , those with at least @ weeks of improvement with the first @ procedures , @ % reported significant improvement with caudal epidural injections , whereas it was @ % with local anesthetic only with interlaminar epidurals , @ % with caudal and @ % with lumbar interlaminar with local anesthetic with steroid .', 'the response rate was @ % with caudal and @ % with lumbar interlaminar with local anesthetic only and @ % with caudal and @ % with lumbar interlaminar with local anesthetic with steroid when all patients were considered .', 'in the interlaminar approach , results were superior for pain relief and functional status with fewer nonresponsive patients compared to the caudal approach .', 'the data was derived from @ previously published randomized , controlled trials rather than comparing @ techniques in one randomized controlled trial .', 'further , the randomized controlled trials were active control trials without a placebo .', 'the results of this assessment showed significant improvement in patients suffering with chronic lumbar spinal stenosis with caudal and interlaminar epidural approaches with local anesthetic only , or with steroids in a long-term follow-up of up to @ years , in contemporary interventional pain management setting , with the interlaminar approach providing significantly better results .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "burnout is a very prevalent type of stress among health professionals .", "it affects their well-being , performance , and attitude toward patients .", "this study assessed the effectiveness of a training program for primary health care professionals designed to reduce burnout and mood disturbance , increase empathy , and develop mindfulness .", "pragmatic randomized controlled trial with pre - and postintervention measurements of @ primary health care professionals ( @ in the intervention and @ in the control group ) in spain .", "the intervention consisted of presentations of clinically relevant topics , mindfulness-based coping strategies , mindfulness practice , yoga , and group discussions ( @ sessions of @ hours per week plus a @-day session of @ hours ) .", "outcome measures included the maslach burnout inventory , profile of mood states , jefferson scale of physician empathy , baer 's five facets mindfulness questionnaire , and a questionnaire on changes in personal habits and mindfulness practice .", "measurements were performed at baseline and after @ weeks .", "the intervention group improved in the @ scales measured .", "the magnitude of the change was large in total mood disturbance ( difference between groups -@ ; standardized effect-size [ ses ] @ ) and mindfulness ( difference between groups @ ; ses @ ) and moderate in the burnout ( difference between groups -@ ; ses @ ) and empathy scales ( difference between groups @ ; ses @ ) .", "no significant differences were found in the control group .", "our study supports the use of mindfulness-based programs as part of continuing professional education to reduce and prevent burnout , promote positive attitudes among health professionals , strengthen patient-provider relationships , and enhance well-being ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['burnout is a very prevalent type of stress among health professionals .', 'it affects their well-being , performance , and attitude toward patients .', 'this study assessed the effectiveness of a training program for primary health care professionals designed to reduce burnout and mood disturbance , increase empathy , and develop mindfulness .', 'pragmatic randomized controlled trial with pre - and postintervention measurements of @ primary health care professionals ( @ in the intervention and @ in the control group ) in spain .', 'the intervention consisted of presentations of clinically relevant topics , mindfulness-based coping strategies , mindfulness practice , yoga , and group discussions ( @ sessions of @ hours per week plus a @-day session of @ hours ) .', \"outcome measures included the maslach burnout inventory , profile of mood states , jefferson scale of physician empathy , baer 's five facets mindfulness questionnaire , and a questionnaire on changes in personal habits and mindfulness practice .\", 'measurements were performed at baseline and after @ weeks .', 'the intervention group improved in the @ scales measured .', 'the magnitude of the change was large in total mood disturbance ( difference between groups -@ ; standardized effect-size [ ses ] @ ) and mindfulness ( difference between groups @ ; ses @ ) and moderate in the burnout ( difference between groups -@ ; ses @ ) and empathy scales ( difference between groups @ ; ses @ ) .', 'no significant differences were found in the control group .', 'our study supports the use of mindfulness-based programs as part of continuing professional education to reduce and prevent burnout , promote positive attitudes among health professionals , strengthen patient-provider relationships , and enhance well-being .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "xerostomia ( dry mouth ) after head/neck radiation is a common problem among cancer patients , and available treatments are of little benefit .", "the objective of this trial was to determine whether acupuncture can prevent xerostomia among head/neck patients undergoing radiotherapy .", "a randomized , controlled trial among patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma was conducted comparing acupuncture to standard care .", "participants were treated at fudan university shanghai cancer center , shanghai , china .", "forty patients were randomized to acupuncture treatment and @ to standard care .", "patients were treated @/wk on the same days they received radiotherapy .", "subjective measures included the xerostomia questionnaire and md anderson symptom inventory-head and neck ( mdasi-hn ) .", "objective measures were unstimulated and stimulated whole salivary flow rates .", "patients were followed for @ months after the end of radiotherapy .", "xerostomia questionnaire scores for acupuncture were statistically significantly lower than for controls starting in week @ through the @ months ( p = @ at week @ , all other p < @ ) , with clinically significant differences as follows : week @ , relative risk ( rr ) @ ( @ % confidence interval [ ci ] , @-@ @ ) ; @ months , rr @ ( @ % ci , @-@ @ ) .", "similar findings were seen for mdasi-hn scores .", "group differences emerged as early as @ weeks into treatment for saliva ( unstimulated whole salivary flow rate , p = @ ) , with greater saliva flow in the acupuncture group at week @ ( unstimulated whole salivary flow rate , p < @ ; stimulated whole salivary flow rate , p = @ ) and @ ( unstimulated whole salivary flow rate , p < @ ; stimulated whole salivary flow rate , p < @ ) and at @ months ( stimulated whole salivary flow rate , p < @ ) .", "acupuncture given concurrently with radiotherapy significantly reduced xerostomia and improved quality of life ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['xerostomia ( dry mouth ) after head/neck radiation is a common problem among cancer patients , and available treatments are of little benefit .', 'the objective of this trial was to determine whether acupuncture can prevent xerostomia among head/neck patients undergoing radiotherapy .', 'a randomized , controlled trial among patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma was conducted comparing acupuncture to standard care .', 'participants were treated at fudan university shanghai cancer center , shanghai , china .', 'forty patients were randomized to acupuncture treatment and @ to standard care .', 'patients were treated @/wk on the same days they received radiotherapy .', 'subjective measures included the xerostomia questionnaire and md anderson symptom inventory-head and neck ( mdasi-hn ) .', 'objective measures were unstimulated and stimulated whole salivary flow rates .', 'patients were followed for @ months after the end of radiotherapy .', 'xerostomia questionnaire scores for acupuncture were statistically significantly lower than for controls starting in week @ through the @ months ( p = @ at week @ , all other p < @ ) , with clinically significant differences as follows : week @ , relative risk ( rr ) @ ( @ % confidence interval [ ci ] , @-@ @ ) ; @ months , rr @ ( @ % ci , @-@ @ ) .', 'similar findings were seen for mdasi-hn scores .', 'group differences emerged as early as @ weeks into treatment for saliva ( unstimulated whole salivary flow rate , p = @ ) , with greater saliva flow in the acupuncture group at week @ ( unstimulated whole salivary flow rate , p < @ ; stimulated whole salivary flow rate , p = @ ) and @ ( unstimulated whole salivary flow rate , p < @ ; stimulated whole salivary flow rate , p < @ ) and at @ months ( stimulated whole salivary flow rate , p < @ ) .', 'acupuncture given concurrently with radiotherapy significantly reduced xerostomia and improved quality of life .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "OBJECTIVE", "OBJECTIVE", "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "the medical practitioner is faced with an increasing list of protocols and algorithms related to patient care .", "these recommendations are often difficult to recall , particularly in stressful emergency situations .", "using advanced cardiac life support ( acls ) protocols , we built a computer-based system to exhibit precompiled response plans for medical emergencies .", "to validate the usefulness of this prompting device , we tested application of two of the nine acls algorithms , pulseless ventricular fibrillation/ventricular tachycardia ( vfib/vtach ) and bradycardia , in a simulated operating room ( or ) environment .", "the system utilized the software authoring system iconauthor ( aimtec inc. , nashua , nh ) and a touch-screen monitor ( diamondscan , microtouch , methuen , ma ) .", "prior to testing our system , all @ subjects were given time to familiarize themselves with its operation .", "subsequently , all subjects were videotaped while managing a standard simulated anesthetic .", "during the anesthetic , the subjects were presented with two emergency scenarios , not viewed during the familiarization period .", "the electrocardiographic ( ekg ) signals for normal sinus rhythm , ventricular fibrillation , and second-degree heart block were presented .", "by random selection , the prompter was available to half of the subjects for help with arrhythmia management ( experimental group ) , while to half it was not ( control group ) .", "a total of @ subjects completed the exercise .", "use of the prompter enabled significantly more subjects to administer correct drugs and dosages during ventricular fibrillation .", "the correct lidocaine dose was chosen more often by the experimental group than by the control ( p = @ ) ; similarly mgso@ was appropriately ordered more often in the experimental group ( p = @ ) .", "during second-degree heart block , atropine was correctly followed with a dopamine infusion ( p = @ ) , and epinephrine infusion was ordered for refractory bradycardia ( p = @ ) more often in the experimental than the control group .", "these data demonstrate the value of a prompting device at the anesthesia workstation .", "we foresee the use of such prompters in many areas of medicine ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['the medical practitioner is faced with an increasing list of protocols and algorithms related to patient care .', 'these recommendations are often difficult to recall , particularly in stressful emergency situations .', 'using advanced cardiac life support ( acls ) protocols , we built a computer-based system to exhibit precompiled response plans for medical emergencies .', 'to validate the usefulness of this prompting device , we tested application of two of the nine acls algorithms , pulseless ventricular fibrillation/ventricular tachycardia ( vfib/vtach ) and bradycardia , in a simulated operating room ( or ) environment .', 'the system utilized the software authoring system iconauthor ( aimtec inc. , nashua , nh ) and a touch-screen monitor ( diamondscan , microtouch , methuen , ma ) .', 'prior to testing our system , all @ subjects were given time to familiarize themselves with its operation .', 'subsequently , all subjects were videotaped while managing a standard simulated anesthetic .', 'during the anesthetic , the subjects were presented with two emergency scenarios , not viewed during the familiarization period .', 'the electrocardiographic ( ekg ) signals for normal sinus rhythm , ventricular fibrillation , and second-degree heart block were presented .', 'by random selection , the prompter was available to half of the subjects for help with arrhythmia management ( experimental group ) , while to half it was not ( control group ) .', 'a total of @ subjects completed the exercise .', 'use of the prompter enabled significantly more subjects to administer correct drugs and dosages during ventricular fibrillation .', 'the correct lidocaine dose was chosen more often by the experimental group than by the control ( p = @ ) ; similarly mgso@ was appropriately ordered more often in the experimental group ( p = @ ) .', 'during second-degree heart block , atropine was correctly followed with a dopamine infusion ( p = @ ) , and epinephrine infusion was ordered for refractory bradycardia ( p = @ ) more often in the experimental than the control group .', 'these data demonstrate the value of a prompting device at the anesthesia workstation .', 'we foresee the use of such prompters in many areas of medicine .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'OBJECTIVE', 'OBJECTIVE', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "la crosse viral encephalitis ( lacve ) is associated with residual epilepsy and neurocognitive deficits in survivors .", "this report summarizes @ phases of clinical studies of children treated with intravenous ( iv ) ribavirin ( rbv ) , each one exploring a different phase ( i , iia , iib ) of clinical trial development .", "in phase i , @ children with life-threatening lacve were treated with emergency use rbv using a moderate iv dose ( @ mg/kg/dose q @ hours day @ , @ mg/kg/dose q @ hours days @-@ ) .", "in phase iia , @ children with severe lacve were enrolled : @ treated with rbv ( same dose as phase i ) and @ with placebo .", "in phase iib an escalated dose was used ( @ mg/kg dose @ , then @ mg/kg/dose q @ hours for @ days , and @ mg/kg/dose q @ hours for @ days ) .", "in a group of @ children treated in phase i and phase iia , rbv appeared safe at moderate dose , but based on steady-state rbv levels of @ m , estimated cerebrospinal fluid levels were less than @ % of the ec@ of rbv for lacve .", "at the escalated dose used in phase iib , adverse events occurred , likely related to rbv , and therefore the trial was discontinued .", "nevertheless , valuable pharmacokinetic ( pk ) and safety data were obtained at moderate dose , with potential treatment implications for other indications .", "although the results do not support the use of rbv for lacve , this nevertheless is the largest study of antiviral treatment for lacve to date and the largest pharmacokinetic analysis of iv rbv in children for any indication ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['la crosse viral encephalitis ( lacve ) is associated with residual epilepsy and neurocognitive deficits in survivors .', 'this report summarizes @ phases of clinical studies of children treated with intravenous ( iv ) ribavirin ( rbv ) , each one exploring a different phase ( i , iia , iib ) of clinical trial development .', 'in phase i , @ children with life-threatening lacve were treated with emergency use rbv using a moderate iv dose ( @ mg/kg/dose q @ hours day @ , @ mg/kg/dose q @ hours days @-@ ) .', 'in phase iia , @ children with severe lacve were enrolled : @ treated with rbv ( same dose as phase i ) and @ with placebo .', 'in phase iib an escalated dose was used ( @ mg/kg dose @ , then @ mg/kg/dose q @ hours for @ days , and @ mg/kg/dose q @ hours for @ days ) .', 'in a group of @ children treated in phase i and phase iia , rbv appeared safe at moderate dose , but based on steady-state rbv levels of @ m , estimated cerebrospinal fluid levels were less than @ % of the ec@ of rbv for lacve .', 'at the escalated dose used in phase iib , adverse events occurred , likely related to rbv , and therefore the trial was discontinued .', 'nevertheless , valuable pharmacokinetic ( pk ) and safety data were obtained at moderate dose , with potential treatment implications for other indications .', 'although the results do not support the use of rbv for lacve , this nevertheless is the largest study of antiviral treatment for lacve to date and the largest pharmacokinetic analysis of iv rbv in children for any indication .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "this study aimed to evaluate the abuse potential and cognitive effects of nabiximols ( sativex , gw pharma ltd. .", "salisbury , uk ) , an oromucosal spray primarily containing delta@tetrahydrocannabinol ( thc ) and cannabidiol ( cbd ) .", "this was a singledose , randomized , doubleblind , crossover study comparing nabiximols ( @ , @ , and @ consecutive sprays : @ , @ , and @ mg thc , respectively ) with dronabinol @ and @ mg ( synthetic thc : marinol , solvay pharmaceuticals , brussels , belgium ) and matching placebos in @ recreational cannabis users .", "subjective and cognitive/psychomotor measures were administered over @ h postdose .", "dronabinol was significantly different from placebo on abuse potential measures , thereby confirming study validity .", "nabiximols @ mg was not significantly different from placebo on primary measures but was different on some secondary measures .", "nabiximols @ mg was significantly greater than placebo on some primary/secondary measures , whereas nabiximols @ mg showed significant effects on most measures .", "nabiximols @ mg was significantly lower than dronabinol doses on most measures ( p < @ ) .", "dronabinol @ mg effects were numerically higher than nabiximols @ mg but were statistically significant only for some measures .", "dronabinol @ mg and nabiximols @ mg were generally not statistically different .", "both dronabinol and nabiximols had significant abuse potential compared with placebo at higher doses .", "nabiximols showed similar or slightly less abuse potential compared with dronabinol .", "therefore , the abuse potential of nabiximols should be no higher than that of dronabinol ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['this study aimed to evaluate the abuse potential and cognitive effects of nabiximols ( sativex , gw pharma ltd. .', 'salisbury , uk ) , an oromucosal spray primarily containing delta@tetrahydrocannabinol ( thc ) and cannabidiol ( cbd ) .', 'this was a singledose , randomized , doubleblind , crossover study comparing nabiximols ( @ , @ , and @ consecutive sprays : @ , @ , and @ mg thc , respectively ) with dronabinol @ and @ mg ( synthetic thc : marinol , solvay pharmaceuticals , brussels , belgium ) and matching placebos in @ recreational cannabis users .', 'subjective and cognitive/psychomotor measures were administered over @ h postdose .', 'dronabinol was significantly different from placebo on abuse potential measures , thereby confirming study validity .', 'nabiximols @ mg was not significantly different from placebo on primary measures but was different on some secondary measures .', 'nabiximols @ mg was significantly greater than placebo on some primary/secondary measures , whereas nabiximols @ mg showed significant effects on most measures .', 'nabiximols @ mg was significantly lower than dronabinol doses on most measures ( p < @ ) .', 'dronabinol @ mg effects were numerically higher than nabiximols @ mg but were statistically significant only for some measures .', 'dronabinol @ mg and nabiximols @ mg were generally not statistically different .', 'both dronabinol and nabiximols had significant abuse potential compared with placebo at higher doses .', 'nabiximols showed similar or slightly less abuse potential compared with dronabinol .', 'therefore , the abuse potential of nabiximols should be no higher than that of dronabinol .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "the aim of this study is to show whether a new magnetic-guided locking technique is superior to a standard freehand technique in terms of operation time and radiation exposure .", "this treatment will be used for distal locking of the tibia during intramedullary nailing .", "this randomized trial is done through @ patients having tibial fractures with a mean age of @ years ( range @-@ years ) .", "in the magnetic locking group , there were @ fractures of the distal third , @ of the shaft , and @ of the proximal tibia ; in the freehand group , these numbers were @ , @ , and @ , respectively .", "the parameters like operation time , distal locking time , radiation exposure duration , and dose were compared .", "we placed @ distal locking screws in the magnetic locking group and @ in the freehand group .", "fluoroscopy was necessary only in the freehand group .", "all screws were correctly positioned the first time in both groups .", "the magnetic locking group had a shorter mean surgical time ( @ @ vs @ @ min ; p < @ ) , a shorter mean distal locking time ( @ @ vs @ @ min ; p < @ ) , and a shorter mean placement time for each screw ( @ @ vs @ @ min ; p < @ ) .", "the magnetic locking group had lower mean radiation exposures ( @ @ vs @ @ s ; p < @ ) and mean radiation exposure ( @ @ vs @ @ mgy range ; p < @ ) .", "for distal locking during tibial intramedullary nailing , the magnetic locking system is as accurate as the standard freehand technique , but it has lower operative times and radiation exposures compared to the standard freehand technique .", "therefore , the magnetic locking system should be preferred to current standard freehand techniques ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['the aim of this study is to show whether a new magnetic-guided locking technique is superior to a standard freehand technique in terms of operation time and radiation exposure .', 'this treatment will be used for distal locking of the tibia during intramedullary nailing .', 'this randomized trial is done through @ patients having tibial fractures with a mean age of @ years ( range @-@ years ) .', 'in the magnetic locking group , there were @ fractures of the distal third , @ of the shaft , and @ of the proximal tibia ; in the freehand group , these numbers were @ , @ , and @ , respectively .', 'the parameters like operation time , distal locking time , radiation exposure duration , and dose were compared .', 'we placed @ distal locking screws in the magnetic locking group and @ in the freehand group .', 'fluoroscopy was necessary only in the freehand group .', 'all screws were correctly positioned the first time in both groups .', 'the magnetic locking group had a shorter mean surgical time ( @ @ vs @ @ min ; p < @ ) , a shorter mean distal locking time ( @ @ vs @ @ min ; p < @ ) , and a shorter mean placement time for each screw ( @ @ vs @ @ min ; p < @ ) .', 'the magnetic locking group had lower mean radiation exposures ( @ @ vs @ @ s ; p < @ ) and mean radiation exposure ( @ @ vs @ @ mgy range ; p < @ ) .', 'for distal locking during tibial intramedullary nailing , the magnetic locking system is as accurate as the standard freehand technique , but it has lower operative times and radiation exposures compared to the standard freehand technique .', 'therefore , the magnetic locking system should be preferred to current standard freehand techniques .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "to determine the endocrinological and clinical outcomes of a @-day clomiphene citrate ( cc ) regimen and compare it with the classical @-day clomiphene citrate regimen .", "@ patients , diagnosed with class ii ovulatory deficiency according to the criteria defined by who , were randomized into two groups .", "patients in group i received @mg per day of cc for @ days starting on the first day of the cycle during @ cycles .", "group ii received @mg per day of cc for @ days starting on the fifth day during @ cycles .", "the ovulation rate was significantly higher in group ii ( @ % ) compared to group i ( @ % ) ( p < @ ) .", "however , the implantation rate was higher in group i than group ii .", "we observed that starting cc on the first day of the cycle for @ days would lead to higher implantation rates compared to the classical @-day cc therapy ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['to determine the endocrinological and clinical outcomes of a @-day clomiphene citrate ( cc ) regimen and compare it with the classical @-day clomiphene citrate regimen .', '@ patients , diagnosed with class ii ovulatory deficiency according to the criteria defined by who , were randomized into two groups .', 'patients in group i received @mg per day of cc for @ days starting on the first day of the cycle during @ cycles .', 'group ii received @mg per day of cc for @ days starting on the fifth day during @ cycles .', 'the ovulation rate was significantly higher in group ii ( @ % ) compared to group i ( @ % ) ( p < @ ) .', 'however , the implantation rate was higher in group i than group ii .', 'we observed that starting cc on the first day of the cycle for @ days would lead to higher implantation rates compared to the classical @-day cc therapy .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "elderly patients with st-segment elevation myocardial infarction ( stemi ) have worse outcomes and a greater risk of intracranial bleeding than nonelderly patients .", "baseline characteristics , clinical outcomes , and the relationship of the tenecteplase ( tnk ) dose reduction to the efficacy , safety , and electrocardiographic indicators of reperfusion efficacy were evaluated in stemi patients @ years .", "the stream trial evaluated early presenting stemi patients who could not undergo primary percutaneous coronary intervention within @ hour of first medical contact .", "because of excess intracranial hemorrhage ( ich ) in patients @ years , the dose of tnk was reduced by @ % .", "before dose amendment , there were @ ( @ % ) of @ elderly patients with ich ; @ of these were fatal , whereas no ich occurred in the @ elderly patients who received half-dose tnk postamendment .", "the median extent of st-segment elevation resolution ( @ % ) and proportion of patients with @ mm in the electrocardiogram lead with greatest st-segment elevation was comparable in elderly patients preamendment and postamendment ( @ % vs @ % and @ % vs @ % , respectively ) .", "patients requiring rescue coronary intervention after tnk was also similar ( @ % vs @ % ) .", "the primary composite end point ( @-day all-cause death , cardiogenic shock , congestive heart failure , and reinfarction ) was @ % before versus @ % postamendment .", "our data , from a modest-sized population of elderly stemi patients , indicate that half-dose tnk reduces the likelihood of ich without compromising reperfusion efficacy .", "these observations are hypothesis generating and warrant further confirmation in randomized clinical trials in the elderly ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['elderly patients with st-segment elevation myocardial infarction ( stemi ) have worse outcomes and a greater risk of intracranial bleeding than nonelderly patients .', 'baseline characteristics , clinical outcomes , and the relationship of the tenecteplase ( tnk ) dose reduction to the efficacy , safety , and electrocardiographic indicators of reperfusion efficacy were evaluated in stemi patients @ years .', 'the stream trial evaluated early presenting stemi patients who could not undergo primary percutaneous coronary intervention within @ hour of first medical contact .', 'because of excess intracranial hemorrhage ( ich ) in patients @ years , the dose of tnk was reduced by @ % .', 'before dose amendment , there were @ ( @ % ) of @ elderly patients with ich ; @ of these were fatal , whereas no ich occurred in the @ elderly patients who received half-dose tnk postamendment .', 'the median extent of st-segment elevation resolution ( @ % ) and proportion of patients with @ mm in the electrocardiogram lead with greatest st-segment elevation was comparable in elderly patients preamendment and postamendment ( @ % vs @ % and @ % vs @ % , respectively ) .', 'patients requiring rescue coronary intervention after tnk was also similar ( @ % vs @ % ) .', 'the primary composite end point ( @-day all-cause death , cardiogenic shock , congestive heart failure , and reinfarction ) was @ % before versus @ % postamendment .', 'our data , from a modest-sized population of elderly stemi patients , indicate that half-dose tnk reduces the likelihood of ich without compromising reperfusion efficacy .', 'these observations are hypothesis generating and warrant further confirmation in randomized clinical trials in the elderly .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "BACKGROUND", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "previous studies have demonstrated a correlation between clostridium difficile anti-toxin a serum antibodies and protection against symptomatic disease and recurrence .", "a neutralizing monoclonal antibody to c. difficile toxin a ( cda@ ) developed by mbl and medarex , inc. was studied in a phase ii , randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled trial in patients receiving standard of care treatment for c. difficile infection ( cdi ) .", "twenty-nine subjects received a single intravenous infusion of @mg/kg cda@ and @ subjects received placebo and were evaluated for recurrence of cdi during the @-day study period .", "serum antibodies against c. difficile toxin a and b were measured by elisa and cytotoxicity assay at various time points before and after infusion .", "cdi recurrence occurred in @ of @ ( @ % ) in the cda@ group and @ of @ ( @ % ) ( p = ns ) in the placebo group with a trend toward delay in time to recurrence in the group treated with cda@ .", "the geometric mean concentration of antibody to an epitope of the receptor-binding domain of toxin b ( @ and @ microg/ml , respectively ; p = @ ) and geometric mean titer of neutralizing b antibody ( @ and @ , respectively ; p = @ ) at study day @ were lower for those subjects with recurrence compared to those who did not recur .", "in addition , a significantly greater proportion of subjects who recurred were infected with the epidemic bi/nap@/@ strain compared with those that did not recur ( @ % vs. @ % ; p = @ ) .", "finally , in a multiple logistic regression analysis neutralizing anti-toxin b at day @ ( p < @ ) , anti-toxin a at day @ ( p < @ ) and infection with the bi/nap@/@ strain at enrollment ( p = @ ) were all predictive of cdi recurrence .", "in this prospective study , lower concentrations of neutralizing anti-toxin b and anti-toxin a antibody and infection with the bi/nap@/@ strain of c. difficile were significantly associated with recurrence of cdi ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['previous studies have demonstrated a correlation between clostridium difficile anti-toxin a serum antibodies and protection against symptomatic disease and recurrence .', 'a neutralizing monoclonal antibody to c. difficile toxin a ( cda@ ) developed by mbl and medarex , inc. was studied in a phase ii , randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled trial in patients receiving standard of care treatment for c. difficile infection ( cdi ) .', 'twenty-nine subjects received a single intravenous infusion of @mg/kg cda@ and @ subjects received placebo and were evaluated for recurrence of cdi during the @-day study period .', 'serum antibodies against c. difficile toxin a and b were measured by elisa and cytotoxicity assay at various time points before and after infusion .', 'cdi recurrence occurred in @ of @ ( @ % ) in the cda@ group and @ of @ ( @ % ) ( p = ns ) in the placebo group with a trend toward delay in time to recurrence in the group treated with cda@ .', 'the geometric mean concentration of antibody to an epitope of the receptor-binding domain of toxin b ( @ and @ microg/ml , respectively ; p = @ ) and geometric mean titer of neutralizing b antibody ( @ and @ , respectively ; p = @ ) at study day @ were lower for those subjects with recurrence compared to those who did not recur .', 'in addition , a significantly greater proportion of subjects who recurred were infected with the epidemic bi/nap@/@ strain compared with those that did not recur ( @ % vs. @ % ; p = @ ) .', 'finally , in a multiple logistic regression analysis neutralizing anti-toxin b at day @ ( p < @ ) , anti-toxin a at day @ ( p < @ ) and infection with the bi/nap@/@ strain at enrollment ( p = @ ) were all predictive of cdi recurrence .', 'in this prospective study , lower concentrations of neutralizing anti-toxin b and anti-toxin a antibody and infection with the bi/nap@/@ strain of c. difficile were significantly associated with recurrence of cdi .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "the present study examined the effects of sudden gains on treatment outcome in a randomized controlled trial including individual cognitive therapy ( ct ) and interpersonal therapy ( ipt ) for social anxiety disorder ( sad ) .", "participants were @ individuals with sad who received @ treatment sessions .", "symptom severity at each session was assessed using the social phobia weekly summary scale ( clark et al. , @ ) .", "results indicate that @ % of participants experienced a sudden gain during treatment .", "individuals with sudden gains had significantly lower social anxiety symptoms at post-treatment and follow-up compared to individuals without sudden gains .", "sudden gains in ct and ipt had similar magnitudes , frequencies , and timings .", "however , sudden gains resulted in lower levels of post-treatment symptoms in ct compared to ipt .", "cognitive changes did not precede sudden gains , but sudden gains resulted in cognitive changes .", "sudden gains in ct and ipt for sad are predictive of long-term outcome .", "in addition , the effect of sudden gains may be greater in ct compared to ipt ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['the present study examined the effects of sudden gains on treatment outcome in a randomized controlled trial including individual cognitive therapy ( ct ) and interpersonal therapy ( ipt ) for social anxiety disorder ( sad ) .', 'participants were @ individuals with sad who received @ treatment sessions .', 'symptom severity at each session was assessed using the social phobia weekly summary scale ( clark et al. , @ ) .', 'results indicate that @ % of participants experienced a sudden gain during treatment .', 'individuals with sudden gains had significantly lower social anxiety symptoms at post-treatment and follow-up compared to individuals without sudden gains .', 'sudden gains in ct and ipt had similar magnitudes , frequencies , and timings .', 'however , sudden gains resulted in lower levels of post-treatment symptoms in ct compared to ipt .', 'cognitive changes did not precede sudden gains , but sudden gains resulted in cognitive changes .', 'sudden gains in ct and ipt for sad are predictive of long-term outcome .', 'in addition , the effect of sudden gains may be greater in ct compared to ipt .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "BACKGROUND", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "to compare the efficacy , safety and tolerability of letrozole , an advanced non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor , and fadrozole hydrochloride , an older-generation drug in this class , we conducted a randomised double-blind trial in postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer .", "one hundred and fifty-seven postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive letrozole or fadrozole in a multicentre , randomised double-blind trial in japan .", "one hundred and fifty-four eligible patients were treated with either letrozole @ mg once daily ( n = @ ) or fadrozole @ mg twice daily ( n = @ ) , for a minimum of @ weeks .", "letrozole showed a significantly higher overall objective response rate [ complete response ( cr ) + partial response ( pr ) ] than fadrozole ( @ % and @ % , respectively ; p = @ , fisher 's exact test ) .", "clinical benefits defined as cr , pr and stable disease ( no change in status for more than @ weeks ) were also higher in patients treated with letrozole ( @ % ) than fadrozole ( @ % ) .", "letrozole was significantly superior to fadrozole in terms of the dominant lesion in soft tissue , bone and viscera ( p = @ , stratified mantel-haenszel test ) .", "median time to progression was @ days in the letrozole group and @ days in the fadrozole group with no significant difference ( p = @ , log-rank test ) .", "letrozole markedly reduced the estradiol , estrone and estrone sulfate levels in peripheral blood within @ weeks .", "the suppressive effect of fadrozole on these hormone levels was insufficient .", "adverse drug reactions were observed in @ % of the patients treated with letrozole and in @ % of those treated with fadrozole with no significant difference between the two groups ( p = @ , fisher 's exact test ) .", "most of the adverse drug reactions were rated as grade @ or @ .", "the results show letrozole at a dose of @ mg once daily to be more effective in treating postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer than fadrozole at @ mg twice daily , with similar safety and tolerability profiles ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['to compare the efficacy , safety and tolerability of letrozole , an advanced non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor , and fadrozole hydrochloride , an older-generation drug in this class , we conducted a randomised double-blind trial in postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer .', 'one hundred and fifty-seven postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive letrozole or fadrozole in a multicentre , randomised double-blind trial in japan .', 'one hundred and fifty-four eligible patients were treated with either letrozole @ mg once daily ( n = @ ) or fadrozole @ mg twice daily ( n = @ ) , for a minimum of @ weeks .', \"letrozole showed a significantly higher overall objective response rate [ complete response ( cr ) + partial response ( pr ) ] than fadrozole ( @ % and @ % , respectively ; p = @ , fisher 's exact test ) .\", 'clinical benefits defined as cr , pr and stable disease ( no change in status for more than @ weeks ) were also higher in patients treated with letrozole ( @ % ) than fadrozole ( @ % ) .', 'letrozole was significantly superior to fadrozole in terms of the dominant lesion in soft tissue , bone and viscera ( p = @ , stratified mantel-haenszel test ) .', 'median time to progression was @ days in the letrozole group and @ days in the fadrozole group with no significant difference ( p = @ , log-rank test ) .', 'letrozole markedly reduced the estradiol , estrone and estrone sulfate levels in peripheral blood within @ weeks .', 'the suppressive effect of fadrozole on these hormone levels was insufficient .', \"adverse drug reactions were observed in @ % of the patients treated with letrozole and in @ % of those treated with fadrozole with no significant difference between the two groups ( p = @ , fisher 's exact test ) .\", 'most of the adverse drug reactions were rated as grade @ or @ .', 'the results show letrozole at a dose of @ mg once daily to be more effective in treating postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer than fadrozole at @ mg twice daily , with similar safety and tolerability profiles .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "inappropriate opioid medication utilization has grown tremendously in recent years .", "managed care organizations have the opportunity to identify potential opioid misuse and implement care coordination interventions .", "this randomized controlled study evaluated the impact of providing actionable information to prescribers of members who received opioid prescriptions from @ or more prescribers at @ or more pharmacies in a @-month identification period .", "impact was assessed through change in number of prescribers , dispensing pharmacies , and filled opioid prescriptions over a @-year period following identification .", "members randomly assigned to the intervention group demonstrated greater reductions in the number of prescribers ( @ % ) , dispensing pharmacies ( @ % ) , and filled opioid prescriptions ( @ % ) over the @-year period .", "regression analyses identified group assignment and the number of opioid prescribers in the @-month identification period as statistically significant predictors of reductions in the number of prescribers , pharmacies , and filled prescriptions .", "this intervention provided action-able information to prescribers regarding member opioid utilization , in addition to available managed care resources .", "it resulted in significantly greater reductions in the number of prescribers , pharmacies , and prescriptions compared with a general information letter notifying prescribers of available managed care resources .", "implementation of this intervention has the potential to enhance coordination of care for members potentially at risk for poor health outcomes ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['inappropriate opioid medication utilization has grown tremendously in recent years .', 'managed care organizations have the opportunity to identify potential opioid misuse and implement care coordination interventions .', 'this randomized controlled study evaluated the impact of providing actionable information to prescribers of members who received opioid prescriptions from @ or more prescribers at @ or more pharmacies in a @-month identification period .', 'impact was assessed through change in number of prescribers , dispensing pharmacies , and filled opioid prescriptions over a @-year period following identification .', 'members randomly assigned to the intervention group demonstrated greater reductions in the number of prescribers ( @ % ) , dispensing pharmacies ( @ % ) , and filled opioid prescriptions ( @ % ) over the @-year period .', 'regression analyses identified group assignment and the number of opioid prescribers in the @-month identification period as statistically significant predictors of reductions in the number of prescribers , pharmacies , and filled prescriptions .', 'this intervention provided action-able information to prescribers regarding member opioid utilization , in addition to available managed care resources .', 'it resulted in significantly greater reductions in the number of prescribers , pharmacies , and prescriptions compared with a general information letter notifying prescribers of available managed care resources .', 'implementation of this intervention has the potential to enhance coordination of care for members potentially at risk for poor health outcomes .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "atomoxetine , a selective noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor ( snri ) licensed for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ( adhd ) , has been shown to improve response inhibition in animals , healthy volunteers , and adult patients .", "however , the mechanisms by which atomoxetine improves inhibitory control have yet to be determined .", "the effects of atomoxetine ( @ mg ) were measured with a stop-signal functional magnetic resonance imaging ( fmri ) paradigm in @ healthy volunteers , in a within-subject , double-blind , placebo-controlled design .", "atomoxetine improved inhibitory control and increased activation in the right inferior frontal gyrus when volunteers attempted to inhibit their responses ( irrespective of success ) .", "plasma levels of drug correlated significantly with right inferior frontal gyrus activation only during successful inhibition .", "these results show that atomoxetine exerts its beneficial effects on inhibitory control via modulation of right inferior frontal function , with implications for understanding and treating inhibitory dysfunction of adhd and other disorders ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['atomoxetine , a selective noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor ( snri ) licensed for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ( adhd ) , has been shown to improve response inhibition in animals , healthy volunteers , and adult patients .', 'however , the mechanisms by which atomoxetine improves inhibitory control have yet to be determined .', 'the effects of atomoxetine ( @ mg ) were measured with a stop-signal functional magnetic resonance imaging ( fmri ) paradigm in @ healthy volunteers , in a within-subject , double-blind , placebo-controlled design .', 'atomoxetine improved inhibitory control and increased activation in the right inferior frontal gyrus when volunteers attempted to inhibit their responses ( irrespective of success ) .', 'plasma levels of drug correlated significantly with right inferior frontal gyrus activation only during successful inhibition .', 'these results show that atomoxetine exerts its beneficial effects on inhibitory control via modulation of right inferior frontal function , with implications for understanding and treating inhibitory dysfunction of adhd and other disorders .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "OBJECTIVE", "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "suburethral slings have become the most commonly performed anti-incontinence procedures in many developed countries .", "three types of implant account for the majority of such surgery in australia : tensionless vaginal tape ( tvt ) , suprapubic arc procedure ( sparc ) and intravaginal slingplasty ( ivs ) .", "the aim of this study was to determine differences in position and mobility of these implants , and to determine whether such differences explain variations in clinical outcome .", "in a prospective randomized controlled trial , @ women were randomized to tvt ( n = @ ) , ivs ( n = @ ) or sparc ( n = @ ) .", "thirteen women were excluded from the study due to incomplete preoperative data .", "of the remaining @ women , @ ( @ tvt , @ ivs , @ sparc ) were seen between @ and @ months after their procedure ( @ % ) .", "after an interview , two-dimensional ( @d ) and three-dimensional ( @d ) pelvic floor ultrasound was performed .", "@d-volume analysis was carried out on a computer with the help of proprietary software ( ge kretz @d view ) .", "assessors of ultrasound data were blinded against group allocation .", "there were no significant differences in subjective cure/improvement of stress or urge incontinence or overall subjective cure/improvement .", "symptoms , including those of voiding dysfunction , did not vary between groups .", "all tapes could be imaged by ultrasound .", "tvt and sparc were highly echogenic , with the sparc generally flatter and of wider weave .", "the ivs seemed narrower and less echogenic .", "tape position and mobility were similar , with a trend towards greater distances between tape and symphysis pubis and greater horizontal tape mobility in the sparc group .", "the three types of suburethral sling , namely tvt , sparc and ivs , investigated using @d and @d ultrasound , have comparable short-term clinical and anatomical outcomes ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['suburethral slings have become the most commonly performed anti-incontinence procedures in many developed countries .', 'three types of implant account for the majority of such surgery in australia : tensionless vaginal tape ( tvt ) , suprapubic arc procedure ( sparc ) and intravaginal slingplasty ( ivs ) .', 'the aim of this study was to determine differences in position and mobility of these implants , and to determine whether such differences explain variations in clinical outcome .', 'in a prospective randomized controlled trial , @ women were randomized to tvt ( n = @ ) , ivs ( n = @ ) or sparc ( n = @ ) .', 'thirteen women were excluded from the study due to incomplete preoperative data .', 'of the remaining @ women , @ ( @ tvt , @ ivs , @ sparc ) were seen between @ and @ months after their procedure ( @ % ) .', 'after an interview , two-dimensional ( @d ) and three-dimensional ( @d ) pelvic floor ultrasound was performed .', '@d-volume analysis was carried out on a computer with the help of proprietary software ( ge kretz @d view ) .', 'assessors of ultrasound data were blinded against group allocation .', 'there were no significant differences in subjective cure/improvement of stress or urge incontinence or overall subjective cure/improvement .', 'symptoms , including those of voiding dysfunction , did not vary between groups .', 'all tapes could be imaged by ultrasound .', 'tvt and sparc were highly echogenic , with the sparc generally flatter and of wider weave .', 'the ivs seemed narrower and less echogenic .', 'tape position and mobility were similar , with a trend towards greater distances between tape and symphysis pubis and greater horizontal tape mobility in the sparc group .', 'the three types of suburethral sling , namely tvt , sparc and ivs , investigated using @d and @d ultrasound , have comparable short-term clinical and anatomical outcomes .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'OBJECTIVE', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "we tested the possibility that lysine vasopressin ( lvp ) changes the gh responsiveness to exogenously administered gh-rh ( at its minimal and maximal doses ) , clonidine ( which is thought to stimulate endogenous gh-rh release ) and arginine ( which is thought to inhibit somatostatin ) in patients with type @ diabetes mellitus and normal subjects .", "normal male subjects ( nc ) and age - and weight-matched insulin-dependent diabetic men ( dm ) with good metabolic control were studied .", "an iv bolus of lvp at a dose ( @ microg/kg body weight ( bw ) ) lower than the minimal gh releasing effective dose was injected just before the i.v. injection of the minimal effective dose of gh-rh ( @ microg/kg bw ) in @ nc and @ dm , the i.v. injection of the maximal effective dose of gh-rh ( @ microg ) in @ nc and @ dm , the i.v. infusion of arginine ( @ g over @ min ) in @ nc and @ dm or the oral administration of clonidine ( @ microg ) in @ nc and @ dm .", "on different occasions , gh stimuli , lvp or normal saline were given alone to the same normal and diabetic subjects .", "gh responses in the presence and absence of lvp were measured and compared within each group and between normal and diabetic groups .", "lvp or normal saline administration did not modify the basal concentrations of gh in any subject .", "the administration of gh-rh ( at the minimal dose ) , arginine or clonidine alone induced significantly higher gh responses in the diabetic subjects than in the normal controls .", "at the maximal dose gh-rh induced similar gh responses in normal and diabetic subjects .", "the simultaneous administration of lvp did not change the gh response to any challenging stimulation in the normal controls ; in contrast , gh-rh - ( at both minimal and maximal dose ) , arginine - and clonidine-induced gh increments were significantly enhanced by lvp in the diabetic subjects .", "these data show that in diabetic , but not in normal subjects lvp enhances the gh responsiveness to secretagogues , such as gh-rh , clonidine and arginine , which act through three different mechanisms .", "these findings suggest that in diabetes mellitus , vasopressin functions as a primer for various gh responses ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['we tested the possibility that lysine vasopressin ( lvp ) changes the gh responsiveness to exogenously administered gh-rh ( at its minimal and maximal doses ) , clonidine ( which is thought to stimulate endogenous gh-rh release ) and arginine ( which is thought to inhibit somatostatin ) in patients with type @ diabetes mellitus and normal subjects .', 'normal male subjects ( nc ) and age - and weight-matched insulin-dependent diabetic men ( dm ) with good metabolic control were studied .', 'an iv bolus of lvp at a dose ( @ microg/kg body weight ( bw ) ) lower than the minimal gh releasing effective dose was injected just before the i.v. injection of the minimal effective dose of gh-rh ( @ microg/kg bw ) in @ nc and @ dm , the i.v. injection of the maximal effective dose of gh-rh ( @ microg ) in @ nc and @ dm , the i.v. infusion of arginine ( @ g over @ min ) in @ nc and @ dm or the oral administration of clonidine ( @ microg ) in @ nc and @ dm .', 'on different occasions , gh stimuli , lvp or normal saline were given alone to the same normal and diabetic subjects .', 'gh responses in the presence and absence of lvp were measured and compared within each group and between normal and diabetic groups .', 'lvp or normal saline administration did not modify the basal concentrations of gh in any subject .', 'the administration of gh-rh ( at the minimal dose ) , arginine or clonidine alone induced significantly higher gh responses in the diabetic subjects than in the normal controls .', 'at the maximal dose gh-rh induced similar gh responses in normal and diabetic subjects .', 'the simultaneous administration of lvp did not change the gh response to any challenging stimulation in the normal controls ; in contrast , gh-rh - ( at both minimal and maximal dose ) , arginine - and clonidine-induced gh increments were significantly enhanced by lvp in the diabetic subjects .', 'these data show that in diabetic , but not in normal subjects lvp enhances the gh responsiveness to secretagogues , such as gh-rh , clonidine and arginine , which act through three different mechanisms .', 'these findings suggest that in diabetes mellitus , vasopressin functions as a primer for various gh responses .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "one of the multiple health benefits of soy protein or its isoflavones may be their purported favorable effect on body composition .", "we examined the effect of isoflavones extracted from soy protein on overall and regional body composition , taking into account appetitive hormones as potential mediators , as well as the direct effect on appetitive hormones .", "this randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled multicenter trial included @ healthy postmenopausal women ( age , @-@ y ; body mass index , @ + / - @ kg/m ) who consumed placebo or soy isoflavone ( @ or @ mg/d ) tablets for @ months .", "we used intent-to-treat analysis to examine changes in body composition ( whole-body lean mass , whole-body fat mass , androidal fat mass , and androidal-to-gynoidal fat mass ratio ) and appetitive hormones ( insulin , leptin , ghrelin , and adiponectin ) in response to treatment .", "repeated-measures analysis of variance indicated that soy isoflavone treatment did not exert a significant effect on body composition measures ( p value from @ to @ ) or appetitive hormone concentrations ; the inclusion of covariates in statistical models did not alter these results .", "independently of treatment , leptin and ghrelin related inversely to each body composition measure ( p values from @ to < or = @ ) .", "adiponectin related inversely to all fat measures ( p values from @ to < @ ) .", "time since last menstrual period related directly to all fat measures ( p values from @ to @ ) .", "dietary fat contributed to whole-body ( p = @ ) and androidal ( p = @ ) fat mass .", "our findings do not support a favorable effect of soy isoflavone tablets on body composition in healthy postmenopausal women ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['one of the multiple health benefits of soy protein or its isoflavones may be their purported favorable effect on body composition .', 'we examined the effect of isoflavones extracted from soy protein on overall and regional body composition , taking into account appetitive hormones as potential mediators , as well as the direct effect on appetitive hormones .', 'this randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled multicenter trial included @ healthy postmenopausal women ( age , @-@ y ; body mass index , @ + / - @ kg/m ) who consumed placebo or soy isoflavone ( @ or @ mg/d ) tablets for @ months .', 'we used intent-to-treat analysis to examine changes in body composition ( whole-body lean mass , whole-body fat mass , androidal fat mass , and androidal-to-gynoidal fat mass ratio ) and appetitive hormones ( insulin , leptin , ghrelin , and adiponectin ) in response to treatment .', 'repeated-measures analysis of variance indicated that soy isoflavone treatment did not exert a significant effect on body composition measures ( p value from @ to @ ) or appetitive hormone concentrations ; the inclusion of covariates in statistical models did not alter these results .', 'independently of treatment , leptin and ghrelin related inversely to each body composition measure ( p values from @ to < or = @ ) .', 'adiponectin related inversely to all fat measures ( p values from @ to < @ ) .', 'time since last menstrual period related directly to all fat measures ( p values from @ to @ ) .', 'dietary fat contributed to whole-body ( p = @ ) and androidal ( p = @ ) fat mass .', 'our findings do not support a favorable effect of soy isoflavone tablets on body composition in healthy postmenopausal women .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "in @ , we initiated the french multicenter phase iii randomized trial to compare the effect on disease-free survival ( dfs ) of concurrent versus sequential chemotherapy ( ct ) and radiotherapy ( rt ) after breast-conserving surgery for stages i and ii breast cancer .", "this report presents the clinical results with a median follow-up of @ months .", "between february @ and april @ , @ patients were entered onto this trial .", "adjuvant treatment began within @ weeks after surgery .", "sequential treatment of ct administered first followed by rt was compared with concurrent treatment of ct administered with rt. .", "the ct regimen consisted of mitoxantrone ( @ mg/m@ ) , fluorouracil ( @ mg/m@ ) , and cyclophosphamide ( @ mg/m@ ) on day @ , and it was repeated every @ days for six courses .", "rt was delivered to the breast and , when indicated , to the regional lymphatics .", "there was no statistically significant difference in treatment in the @-year dfs ( @ % in both groups ; p = @ ) , locoregional recurrence-free survival ( lrfs ; @ % in sequential v @ % in concurrent ; p = @ ) , metastasis-free survival ( @ % in sequential v @ % in concurrent ; p = @ ) , or overall survival ( @ % in sequential v @ % in concurrent ; p = @ ) .", "nevertheless , in the node-positive subgroup , the @-year lrfs was statistically better in the concurrent arm ( @ % in concurrent v @ % in sequential ; p = @ ) , corresponding to a risk of locoregional recurrence decreased by @ % ( hazard ratio , @ ; @ % ci , @ to @ ) .", "this treatment protocol remains an appealing clinical option for many women with operable breast cancer at a high risk of recurrence .", "combination treatments with new drugs for breast cancer are warranted ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['in @ , we initiated the french multicenter phase iii randomized trial to compare the effect on disease-free survival ( dfs ) of concurrent versus sequential chemotherapy ( ct ) and radiotherapy ( rt ) after breast-conserving surgery for stages i and ii breast cancer .', 'this report presents the clinical results with a median follow-up of @ months .', 'between february @ and april @ , @ patients were entered onto this trial .', 'adjuvant treatment began within @ weeks after surgery .', 'sequential treatment of ct administered first followed by rt was compared with concurrent treatment of ct administered with rt. .', 'the ct regimen consisted of mitoxantrone ( @ mg/m@ ) , fluorouracil ( @ mg/m@ ) , and cyclophosphamide ( @ mg/m@ ) on day @ , and it was repeated every @ days for six courses .', 'rt was delivered to the breast and , when indicated , to the regional lymphatics .', 'there was no statistically significant difference in treatment in the @-year dfs ( @ % in both groups ; p = @ ) , locoregional recurrence-free survival ( lrfs ; @ % in sequential v @ % in concurrent ; p = @ ) , metastasis-free survival ( @ % in sequential v @ % in concurrent ; p = @ ) , or overall survival ( @ % in sequential v @ % in concurrent ; p = @ ) .', 'nevertheless , in the node-positive subgroup , the @-year lrfs was statistically better in the concurrent arm ( @ % in concurrent v @ % in sequential ; p = @ ) , corresponding to a risk of locoregional recurrence decreased by @ % ( hazard ratio , @ ; @ % ci , @ to @ ) .', 'this treatment protocol remains an appealing clinical option for many women with operable breast cancer at a high risk of recurrence .', 'combination treatments with new drugs for breast cancer are warranted .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "this randomized , open-label trial was designed to help inform antipsychotic treatment policies .", "it compared the @-year cost-effectiveness of initial treatment with olanzapine ( olz ) ( n = @ ) versus a `` fail-first '' algorithm on conventional antipsychotics ( then olanzapine if indicated ) ( con ) ( n = @ ) ; and versus initial treatment with risperidone ( ris ) ( n = @ ) .", "individuals with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder were recruited from may @ to september @ .", "clinical , functioning , and resource utilization data were collected at baseline and five postbaseline visits .", "brief psychiatric rating scale scores defined `` clinical effectiveness ; '' lehman quality of life scale social relations scores defined `` social effectiveness . ''", "requiring failure on less expensive antipsychotics before use of olanzapine did not result in total cost savings , despite significantly higher antipsychotic costs with olz .", "total @-year mean costs were @,@ dollars for con ; @,@ dollars for olz ; and @,@ dollars for ris ( pair-wise comparisons nonsignificant ) .", "intent-to-treat effectiveness comparisons ( nonsignificant ) were augmented by analyses that adjusted for duration on initial antipsychotic treatment , and by comparisons of patients remaining on initial antipsychotic treatment versus those who required switching .", "when accounting for differential switching rates ( olz @ vs. con @ , p < @ ; vs. ris @ , p < @ ) , olz was significantly more effective than con on clinical ( p = @ ) and social ( p = @ ) measures , and significantly more effective than ris on the social ( p = @ ) measure .", "further , patients initiated on an antipsychotic from which they needed to switch required additional resources for hospitalization ( p = @ ) and crisis services ( p = @ ) .", "approaches that integrate costs , effectiveness , and treatment patterns are important for providing optimal information regarding the value of first-line antipsychotic options for schizophrenia ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['this randomized , open-label trial was designed to help inform antipsychotic treatment policies .', \"it compared the @-year cost-effectiveness of initial treatment with olanzapine ( olz ) ( n = @ ) versus a `` fail-first '' algorithm on conventional antipsychotics ( then olanzapine if indicated ) ( con ) ( n = @ ) ; and versus initial treatment with risperidone ( ris ) ( n = @ ) .\", 'individuals with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder were recruited from may @ to september @ .', 'clinical , functioning , and resource utilization data were collected at baseline and five postbaseline visits .', \"brief psychiatric rating scale scores defined `` clinical effectiveness ; '' lehman quality of life scale social relations scores defined `` social effectiveness . ''\", 'requiring failure on less expensive antipsychotics before use of olanzapine did not result in total cost savings , despite significantly higher antipsychotic costs with olz .', 'total @-year mean costs were @,@ dollars for con ; @,@ dollars for olz ; and @,@ dollars for ris ( pair-wise comparisons nonsignificant ) .', 'intent-to-treat effectiveness comparisons ( nonsignificant ) were augmented by analyses that adjusted for duration on initial antipsychotic treatment , and by comparisons of patients remaining on initial antipsychotic treatment versus those who required switching .', 'when accounting for differential switching rates ( olz @ vs. con @ , p < @ ; vs. ris @ , p < @ ) , olz was significantly more effective than con on clinical ( p = @ ) and social ( p = @ ) measures , and significantly more effective than ris on the social ( p = @ ) measure .', 'further , patients initiated on an antipsychotic from which they needed to switch required additional resources for hospitalization ( p = @ ) and crisis services ( p = @ ) .', 'approaches that integrate costs , effectiveness , and treatment patterns are important for providing optimal information regarding the value of first-line antipsychotic options for schizophrenia .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "BACKGROUND", "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "recently , mid-urethral slings have been commonly used in treatment of patients with stress urinary incontinence ( sui ) .", "to investigate tension-free vaginal tape ( tvt ) and tension-free obturator tape ( tvt-o ) for surgical treatment of sui for cure rates ( primary endpoint ) , complications and factors influencing cure rate ( secondary endpoints ) .", "one-hundred and sixty-four patients were included in the study ( n = @ for tvt , n = @ for tvt-o ) .", "the cure rates , complications , preoperative and postoperative urodynamic evaluation , q-tip test , the turkish version of incontinence impact questionnaire ( iiq-@ ) and urogenital distress inventory ( udi-@ ) scores were recorded .", "at three and @ months , the patients were evaluated regarding outcome measures .", "the cure rates were similar in tvt and tvt-o groups , @ % versus @ % respectively .", "mean operative time was significantly shorter in tvt-o group ( p = @ ) .", "the cure rate was significantly higher in both groups in patients with urethral hypermobility when compared with those with no hypermobility ( p = @ ) .", "the tvt and tvt-o procedures appear to be equally effective for the treatment of sui .", "also , urethral hypermobility seems to be a factor influencing cure rate of mid-urethral slings ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['recently , mid-urethral slings have been commonly used in treatment of patients with stress urinary incontinence ( sui ) .', 'to investigate tension-free vaginal tape ( tvt ) and tension-free obturator tape ( tvt-o ) for surgical treatment of sui for cure rates ( primary endpoint ) , complications and factors influencing cure rate ( secondary endpoints ) .', 'one-hundred and sixty-four patients were included in the study ( n = @ for tvt , n = @ for tvt-o ) .', 'the cure rates , complications , preoperative and postoperative urodynamic evaluation , q-tip test , the turkish version of incontinence impact questionnaire ( iiq-@ ) and urogenital distress inventory ( udi-@ ) scores were recorded .', 'at three and @ months , the patients were evaluated regarding outcome measures .', 'the cure rates were similar in tvt and tvt-o groups , @ % versus @ % respectively .', 'mean operative time was significantly shorter in tvt-o group ( p = @ ) .', 'the cure rate was significantly higher in both groups in patients with urethral hypermobility when compared with those with no hypermobility ( p = @ ) .', 'the tvt and tvt-o procedures appear to be equally effective for the treatment of sui .', 'also , urethral hypermobility seems to be a factor influencing cure rate of mid-urethral slings .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['BACKGROUND', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "OBJECTIVE", "OBJECTIVE", "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "although caloric restriction is a widely used intervention to reduce body weight and insulin resistance , many patients are unable to comply with such dietary therapy for long periods .", "the clinical effectiveness of low-carbohydrate diets was recently described in a position statement of diabetes uk and a scientific review conducted by the american diabetes association .", "however , randomised trials of dietary interventions in japanese patients with type @ diabetes are scarce .", "therefore , the aim of this study was to examine the effects of a non-calorie-restricted , low-carbohydrate diet in japanese patients unable to adhere to a calorie-restricted diet .", "the enrolled patients were randomly allocated to receive a conventional calorie-restricted diet or low-carbohydrate diet .", "the patients received consultations every two months from a registered dietician for six months .", "we compared the effects of the two dietary interventions on glycaemic control and metabolic profiles .", "the hba@c levels decreased significantly from baseline to six months in the low-carbohydrate diet group ( baseline @ % , six months @ % , p = @ ) but not in the calorie-restricted group ( baseline @ % , six months @ % , n.s. ) , ( between-group comparison , p = @ ) .", "the patients in the former group also experienced improvements in their triglyceride levels , without experiencing any major adverse effects or a decline in the quality of life .", "our findings suggest that a low-carbohydrate diet is effective in lowering the hba@c and triglyceride levels in patients with type @ diabetes who are unable to adhere to a calorie-restricted diet ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['although caloric restriction is a widely used intervention to reduce body weight and insulin resistance , many patients are unable to comply with such dietary therapy for long periods .', 'the clinical effectiveness of low-carbohydrate diets was recently described in a position statement of diabetes uk and a scientific review conducted by the american diabetes association .', 'however , randomised trials of dietary interventions in japanese patients with type @ diabetes are scarce .', 'therefore , the aim of this study was to examine the effects of a non-calorie-restricted , low-carbohydrate diet in japanese patients unable to adhere to a calorie-restricted diet .', 'the enrolled patients were randomly allocated to receive a conventional calorie-restricted diet or low-carbohydrate diet .', 'the patients received consultations every two months from a registered dietician for six months .', 'we compared the effects of the two dietary interventions on glycaemic control and metabolic profiles .', 'the hba@c levels decreased significantly from baseline to six months in the low-carbohydrate diet group ( baseline @ % , six months @ % , p = @ ) but not in the calorie-restricted group ( baseline @ % , six months @ % , n.s. ) , ( between-group comparison , p = @ ) .', 'the patients in the former group also experienced improvements in their triglyceride levels , without experiencing any major adverse effects or a decline in the quality of life .', 'our findings suggest that a low-carbohydrate diet is effective in lowering the hba@c and triglyceride levels in patients with type @ diabetes who are unable to adhere to a calorie-restricted diet .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'OBJECTIVE', 'OBJECTIVE', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "using a brief contact control , we tested the efficacy of a staged care intervention to reduce cigarette smoking among psychiatric patients in outpatient treatment for depression .", "we conducted a randomized clinical trial that included assessments at baseline and at months @ , @ , @ , and @ .", "three hundred twenty-two patients in mental health outpatient treatment who were diagnosed with depression and smoked > or = @ cigarette per day participated .", "the desire to quit smoking was not a prerequisite for participation .", "staged care intervention participants received computerized motivational feedback at baseline and at @ , @ , and @ months and were offered a @-session psychological counseling and pharmacological cessation treatment program .", "brief contact control participants received a self-help guide and referral list of local smoking-treatment providers .", "as we hypothesized , abstinence rates among staged care intervention participants exceeded those of brief contact control participants at months @ and @ .", "significant differences favoring staged care intervention also were found in occurrence of a quit attempt and stringency of abstinence goal .", "the data suggest that individuals in psychiatric treatment for depression can be aided in quitting smoking through use of staged care interventions and that smoking cessation interventions used in the general population can be implemented in psychiatric outpatient settings ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['using a brief contact control , we tested the efficacy of a staged care intervention to reduce cigarette smoking among psychiatric patients in outpatient treatment for depression .', 'we conducted a randomized clinical trial that included assessments at baseline and at months @ , @ , @ , and @ .', 'three hundred twenty-two patients in mental health outpatient treatment who were diagnosed with depression and smoked > or = @ cigarette per day participated .', 'the desire to quit smoking was not a prerequisite for participation .', 'staged care intervention participants received computerized motivational feedback at baseline and at @ , @ , and @ months and were offered a @-session psychological counseling and pharmacological cessation treatment program .', 'brief contact control participants received a self-help guide and referral list of local smoking-treatment providers .', 'as we hypothesized , abstinence rates among staged care intervention participants exceeded those of brief contact control participants at months @ and @ .', 'significant differences favoring staged care intervention also were found in occurrence of a quit attempt and stringency of abstinence goal .', 'the data suggest that individuals in psychiatric treatment for depression can be aided in quitting smoking through use of staged care interventions and that smoking cessation interventions used in the general population can be implemented in psychiatric outpatient settings .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "BACKGROUND", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "despite its low antineoplastic activity @-fluorouracil remains the most active compound for the treatment of patient with metastatic colorectal cancer .", "within @ consecutive trials ( @ were randomized ) @ patients have been treated with bolus @-fu @ mg/m@ plus folinic acid @ mg/m@ day @ to @ with or without dipyridamole @ x @ mg p.o. day @ to @ ; @ patients with bolus @-fu @ to @ mg/m@ , folinic acid @ mg/m@ and interferon @ x @ u/m@ s.c. day @ to @ ; @ patients with pala @ mg/m@ , mtx @ mg/m@ day @ and bolus fu @ mg/m@ day @ q day @ and @ patients with fu @ g/m@ given as @-h infusion plus interferon @ x @ ( @ ) ul s.c. and @ patients with fu @ g/m@ given as @-h infusion , folinic acid @ mg/m@ as @-h infusion with or without interferon @ x @ ( @ ) u s.c.", "the response rate was @ to @ % for the i.v. push schedules and @ to @ % for the @-h continuous infusion regimens .", "the responses lasted for a median of @ months and @ months , respectively , if bolus or infusion schedules were applied .", "median time to tumor progression was @ months and @ months for continuous infusion .", "the median patient survival was @ to @ months ( bolus regimens ) and @ to @ months for infusional @-fu schedules .", "by weekly high dose infusional @-fu the response rate , response duration , time to tumor progression and patient survival may be prolonged especially when modulated by folinic acid compared to modulated bolus regimens .", "this retrospective comparison however needs to be confirmed by the intergroup trial of aio ( # @/@ ) and eortc ( # @ ) ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['despite its low antineoplastic activity @-fluorouracil remains the most active compound for the treatment of patient with metastatic colorectal cancer .', 'within @ consecutive trials ( @ were randomized ) @ patients have been treated with bolus @-fu @ mg/m@ plus folinic acid @ mg/m@ day @ to @ with or without dipyridamole @ x @ mg p.o. day @ to @ ; @ patients with bolus @-fu @ to @ mg/m@ , folinic acid @ mg/m@ and interferon @ x @ u/m@ s.c. day @ to @ ; @ patients with pala @ mg/m@ , mtx @ mg/m@ day @ and bolus fu @ mg/m@ day @ q day @ and @ patients with fu @ g/m@ given as @-h infusion plus interferon @ x @ ( @ ) ul s.c. and @ patients with fu @ g/m@ given as @-h infusion , folinic acid @ mg/m@ as @-h infusion with or without interferon @ x @ ( @ ) u s.c.', 'the response rate was @ to @ % for the i.v. push schedules and @ to @ % for the @-h continuous infusion regimens .', 'the responses lasted for a median of @ months and @ months , respectively , if bolus or infusion schedules were applied .', 'median time to tumor progression was @ months and @ months for continuous infusion .', 'the median patient survival was @ to @ months ( bolus regimens ) and @ to @ months for infusional @-fu schedules .', 'by weekly high dose infusional @-fu the response rate , response duration , time to tumor progression and patient survival may be prolonged especially when modulated by folinic acid compared to modulated bolus regimens .', 'this retrospective comparison however needs to be confirmed by the intergroup trial of aio ( # @/@ ) and eortc ( # @ ) .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND" ]

[ "charcot-marie-tooth type @a disease ( cmt@a ) is a rare orphan inherited neuropathy caused by an autosomal dominant duplication of a gene encoding for the structural myelin protein pmp@ , which induces abnormal schwann cell differentiation and dysmyelination , eventually leading to axonal suffering then loss and muscle wasting .", "we favour the idea that diseases can be more efficiently treated when targeting multiple disease-relevant pathways .", "in cmt@a patients , we therefore tested the potential of pxt@ , a low-dose combination of three already approved compounds ( baclofen , naltrexone and sorbitol ) .", "our study conceptually builds on preclinical experiments highlighting a pleiotropic mechanism of action that includes downregulation of pmp@ .", "the primary objective was to assess safety and tolerability of pxt@ .", "the secondary objective aimed at an exploratory analysis of efficacy of pxt@ in cmt@a , to be used for designing next clinical development stages ( phase @b/@ ) .", "@ adult patients with mild-to-moderate cmt@a received in double-blind for @ year placebo or one of the three increasing doses of pxt@ tested , in four equal groups .", "safety and tolerability were assessed with the incidence of related adverse events .", "efficacy was assessed using the charcot-marie-tooth neuropathy score ( cmtns ) and the overall neuropathy limitations scale ( onls ) as main endpoints , as well as various clinical and electrophysiological outcomes .", "this trial confirmed the safety and tolerability of pxt@ .", "the highest dose ( hd ) showed consistent evidence of improvement beyond stabilization .", "cmtns and onls , with a significant improvement of respectively of @ % ( @ % - @ % ) and @ % ( @ % - @ % ) in the hd group versus the pool of all other groups , appear to be the most sensitive clinical endpoints to treatment despite their quasi-stability over one year under placebo .", "patients who did not deteriorate over one year were significantly more frequent in the hd group .", "these results confirm that pxt@ deserves further investigation in adults and could greatly benefit cmt@a-diagnosed children , usually less affected than adults .", "eudract number : @-@-@ .", "clinicaltrials.gov identifier : nct@ .", "the committee for orphan medicinal products issued in february @ a positive opinion on the application for orphan designation for pxt@ ( ema/od/@ / @ ) ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['charcot-marie-tooth type @a disease ( cmt@a ) is a rare orphan inherited neuropathy caused by an autosomal dominant duplication of a gene encoding for the structural myelin protein pmp@ , which induces abnormal schwann cell differentiation and dysmyelination , eventually leading to axonal suffering then loss and muscle wasting .', 'we favour the idea that diseases can be more efficiently treated when targeting multiple disease-relevant pathways .', 'in cmt@a patients , we therefore tested the potential of pxt@ , a low-dose combination of three already approved compounds ( baclofen , naltrexone and sorbitol ) .', 'our study conceptually builds on preclinical experiments highlighting a pleiotropic mechanism of action that includes downregulation of pmp@ .', 'the primary objective was to assess safety and tolerability of pxt@ .', 'the secondary objective aimed at an exploratory analysis of efficacy of pxt@ in cmt@a , to be used for designing next clinical development stages ( phase @b/@ ) .', '@ adult patients with mild-to-moderate cmt@a received in double-blind for @ year placebo or one of the three increasing doses of pxt@ tested , in four equal groups .', 'safety and tolerability were assessed with the incidence of related adverse events .', 'efficacy was assessed using the charcot-marie-tooth neuropathy score ( cmtns ) and the overall neuropathy limitations scale ( onls ) as main endpoints , as well as various clinical and electrophysiological outcomes .', 'this trial confirmed the safety and tolerability of pxt@ .', 'the highest dose ( hd ) showed consistent evidence of improvement beyond stabilization .', 'cmtns and onls , with a significant improvement of respectively of @ % ( @ % - @ % ) and @ % ( @ % - @ % ) in the hd group versus the pool of all other groups , appear to be the most sensitive clinical endpoints to treatment despite their quasi-stability over one year under placebo .', 'patients who did not deteriorate over one year were significantly more frequent in the hd group .', 'these results confirm that pxt@ deserves further investigation in adults and could greatly benefit cmt@a-diagnosed children , usually less affected than adults .', 'eudract number : @-@-@ .', 'clinicaltrials.gov identifier : nct@ .', 'the committee for orphan medicinal products issued in february @ a positive opinion on the application for orphan designation for pxt@ ( ema/od/@ / @ ) .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "the authors sought to examine attitudes about spirituality in medicine among medical students in psychiatric clerkships and determine whether instruction on concepts of spirituality in medicine had an effect on students ' clinical performance in related tasks .", "a total of @ students entering psychiatric clerkships were randomly assigned to one of two groups ; both groups received identical didactic instruction on spirituality in medicine .", "one group worked on a problem-based learning case that featured spirituality as a prominent theme , whereas the other group worked on problem-based learning cases that made no mention of it .", "students completed pre - and posttest questionnaires , and their examination at the end of rotation included a standardized patient encounter requiring them to elicit a spiritual history .", "among the @ students who completed and returned both questionnaires , a significant difference ( p = @ ) was noted between groups on students ' self-reported knowledge of taking a spiritual history .", "however , students in the two groups received identical scores on the component of the examination requiring them to write a spiritual history .", "although students who were exposed to material on spirituality in medicine reported greater understanding of the issue , no difference in clinical performance was observed ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: [\"the authors sought to examine attitudes about spirituality in medicine among medical students in psychiatric clerkships and determine whether instruction on concepts of spirituality in medicine had an effect on students ' clinical performance in related tasks .\", 'a total of @ students entering psychiatric clerkships were randomly assigned to one of two groups ; both groups received identical didactic instruction on spirituality in medicine .', 'one group worked on a problem-based learning case that featured spirituality as a prominent theme , whereas the other group worked on problem-based learning cases that made no mention of it .', 'students completed pre - and posttest questionnaires , and their examination at the end of rotation included a standardized patient encounter requiring them to elicit a spiritual history .', \"among the @ students who completed and returned both questionnaires , a significant difference ( p = @ ) was noted between groups on students ' self-reported knowledge of taking a spiritual history .\", 'however , students in the two groups received identical scores on the component of the examination requiring them to write a spiritual history .', 'although students who were exposed to material on spirituality in medicine reported greater understanding of the issue , no difference in clinical performance was observed .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "although under debate , routine screening for intimate partner violence ( ipv ) is recommended in health care settings .", "this study explored the utility of different screening and referral strategies for women exposed to ipv in primary health care .", "using a randomized controlled trial design we compared two screening strategies ( health care providers [ hcp ] versus audio computer-assisted self-interviews [ a-casi ] ) and three referral strategies ( hcp alone , a-casi referral with hcp endorsement , and a-casi alone ) .", "english-speaking women who were @ years and older and were attending women 's health clinics at a public hospital were eligible to participate .", "participants were randomly assigned to one of three study groups ( hcp screen and referral , a-casi screen and referral with hcp referral endorsement , and a-casi screen and referral ) .", "women were reinterviewed by telephone @ week later .", "the primary outcome was rate of ipv disclosure ; secondary outcomes were screening mode preference , reactions to ipv screening , and use of referral resources .", "of the @ eligible women , @ women were enrolled ( @ % ) ; @ women ( @ % of those enrolled ) completed the follow-up telephone interview .", "disclosure rates were higher for women screened with a-casi compared with hcp-screened women ( @ % vs. @ % ; p = @ ) .", "screening mode preference , impact of screening ( positive and negative reactions ) , and rates of use of referral resources were similar between study groups .", "a-casi tended to yield higher rates of ipv disclosure and similar rates of use of referral resources .", "a-casi technology may be a practical way to screen for ipv ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['although under debate , routine screening for intimate partner violence ( ipv ) is recommended in health care settings .', 'this study explored the utility of different screening and referral strategies for women exposed to ipv in primary health care .', 'using a randomized controlled trial design we compared two screening strategies ( health care providers [ hcp ] versus audio computer-assisted self-interviews [ a-casi ] ) and three referral strategies ( hcp alone , a-casi referral with hcp endorsement , and a-casi alone ) .', \"english-speaking women who were @ years and older and were attending women 's health clinics at a public hospital were eligible to participate .\", 'participants were randomly assigned to one of three study groups ( hcp screen and referral , a-casi screen and referral with hcp referral endorsement , and a-casi screen and referral ) .', 'women were reinterviewed by telephone @ week later .', 'the primary outcome was rate of ipv disclosure ; secondary outcomes were screening mode preference , reactions to ipv screening , and use of referral resources .', 'of the @ eligible women , @ women were enrolled ( @ % ) ; @ women ( @ % of those enrolled ) completed the follow-up telephone interview .', 'disclosure rates were higher for women screened with a-casi compared with hcp-screened women ( @ % vs. @ % ; p = @ ) .', 'screening mode preference , impact of screening ( positive and negative reactions ) , and rates of use of referral resources were similar between study groups .', 'a-casi tended to yield higher rates of ipv disclosure and similar rates of use of referral resources .', 'a-casi technology may be a practical way to screen for ipv .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "OBJECTIVE", "OBJECTIVE", "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "one of the major side effects of photodynamic therapy ( pdt ) employing photofrin as the sensitizer is enhanced photosensitivity of the skin .", "the basic mechanism in pdt damage is believed to be the formation of singlet oxygen and radical species .", "n-acetylcystene ( nac ) increases glutathione levels and is known to prevent pathology elicited by radicals and reactive species .", "nac was tested in a randomized , open label study for its protective effect on skin photosensitivity .", "twenty-seven patients treated with pdt for central obstructive lung cancer or esophageal cancer received either `` early '' or `` delayed '' nac , starting @ or @ days after photofrin , in a dose of @ x @ mg per day for @ days .", "light , obtained from a halogen lamp ( fluence rate @ mw.cm-@ ) was used to illuminate skin patches of @ cm@ on the back ( @ , @ , and @ j.cm-@ ) .", "skin response was measured by using a visual scoring system and by measuring the redness using a reflectance meter .", "skin responses varied from no changes at @ j.cm-@ to redness with edema at energies of @ j.cm-@ .", "in the absence of edema , measurements with the reflectance meter appeared to be more sensitive than visual scoring .", "in a limited number of patients , there was a trend for decreased sensitivity after nac , but statistical analysis failed to show any significant protective effect of this short course of nac ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['one of the major side effects of photodynamic therapy ( pdt ) employing photofrin as the sensitizer is enhanced photosensitivity of the skin .', 'the basic mechanism in pdt damage is believed to be the formation of singlet oxygen and radical species .', 'n-acetylcystene ( nac ) increases glutathione levels and is known to prevent pathology elicited by radicals and reactive species .', 'nac was tested in a randomized , open label study for its protective effect on skin photosensitivity .', \"twenty-seven patients treated with pdt for central obstructive lung cancer or esophageal cancer received either `` early '' or `` delayed '' nac , starting @ or @ days after photofrin , in a dose of @ x @ mg per day for @ days .\", 'light , obtained from a halogen lamp ( fluence rate @ mw.cm-@ ) was used to illuminate skin patches of @ cm@ on the back ( @ , @ , and @ j.cm-@ ) .', 'skin response was measured by using a visual scoring system and by measuring the redness using a reflectance meter .', 'skin responses varied from no changes at @ j.cm-@ to redness with edema at energies of @ j.cm-@ .', 'in the absence of edema , measurements with the reflectance meter appeared to be more sensitive than visual scoring .', 'in a limited number of patients , there was a trend for decreased sensitivity after nac , but statistical analysis failed to show any significant protective effect of this short course of nac .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['OBJECTIVE', 'OBJECTIVE', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "BACKGROUND", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "catheter-based mitral valve clip repair ( cbmcr ) is feasible for selected patients with mitral regurgitation ( mr ) .", "two-dimensional ( @d ) transesophageal echocardiography ( tee ) is the standard modality for evaluating mr and procedural guidance .", "recently , real-time three-dimensional tee became available .", "the aim of this study was to evaluate the value of combined @d and three-dimensional tee for cbmcr .", "in evaluating mr for cbmcr , the confidence of interpretation of @d tee was compared with that of combined imaging for the localization of major valve pathology .", "in patients who underwent cbmcr , the outcomes and the duration of cbmcr were compared .", "in this retrospective study , mr evaluation was performed by @d tee alone and by combined imaging in @ and @ patients , respectively .", "cbmcr was guided by @d tee alone in @ patients and by combined imaging in @ patients .", "examination by combined imaging allowed en face visualization of mitral valve anatomy and mr jet origin .", "the confidence of interpretation by combined imaging was higher than for @d tee ( @ @ vs @ @ , p < @ ) .", "the guidance of cbmcr by combined imaging facilitated alignment of the catheter trajectory , clip positioning , and orientation of clip arms .", "the procedural success and final mr grade were not different between the two study groups .", "however , the procedural time of cbmcr using combined imaging compared with that using @d tee guidance alone was shorter ( @ @ vs @ @ min , p = @ ) .", "the use of combined imaging compared with @d tee alone appears to enhance the confidence of interpretation concerning mitral pathology and catheter-clip system location and may also reduce cbmcr time ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['catheter-based mitral valve clip repair ( cbmcr ) is feasible for selected patients with mitral regurgitation ( mr ) .', 'two-dimensional ( @d ) transesophageal echocardiography ( tee ) is the standard modality for evaluating mr and procedural guidance .', 'recently , real-time three-dimensional tee became available .', 'the aim of this study was to evaluate the value of combined @d and three-dimensional tee for cbmcr .', 'in evaluating mr for cbmcr , the confidence of interpretation of @d tee was compared with that of combined imaging for the localization of major valve pathology .', 'in patients who underwent cbmcr , the outcomes and the duration of cbmcr were compared .', 'in this retrospective study , mr evaluation was performed by @d tee alone and by combined imaging in @ and @ patients , respectively .', 'cbmcr was guided by @d tee alone in @ patients and by combined imaging in @ patients .', 'examination by combined imaging allowed en face visualization of mitral valve anatomy and mr jet origin .', 'the confidence of interpretation by combined imaging was higher than for @d tee ( @ @ vs @ @ , p < @ ) .', 'the guidance of cbmcr by combined imaging facilitated alignment of the catheter trajectory , clip positioning , and orientation of clip arms .', 'the procedural success and final mr grade were not different between the two study groups .', 'however , the procedural time of cbmcr using combined imaging compared with that using @d tee guidance alone was shorter ( @ @ vs @ @ min , p = @ ) .', 'the use of combined imaging compared with @d tee alone appears to enhance the confidence of interpretation concerning mitral pathology and catheter-clip system location and may also reduce cbmcr time .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]

[ "BACKGROUND", "OBJECTIVE", "METHODS", "METHODS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "RESULTS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS", "CONCLUSIONS" ]

[ "the epipen jr ( @ mg ) and epipen ( @ mg ) auto-injectors , widely prescribed for the out-of-hospital treatment of anaphylaxis , have not been compared prospectively in young children .", "the purpose of this investigation was to study the rate and extent of epinephrine absorption after use of the epipen jr and the epipen in children weighing @ to @ kg .", "in a randomized , double-blinded , parallel-group pilot study , children at risk for anaphylaxis self-injected epinephrine using either an epipen jr or an epipen with the aid of a physician .", "plasma epinephrine concentrations , blood glucose , blood pressure , heart rate , and adverse effects were monitored before and for @ minutes after the injection .", "children ( age [ mean + / - sem ] , @ + / - @ years ; weight [ mean + / - sem ] , @ + / - @ kg ) who injected epinephrine with an epipen jr achieved a maximum plasma concentration ( mean + / - sem ) of @ + / - @ pg/ml at @ + / - @ minutes .", "children ( @ + / - @ years ; @ + / - @ kg ) who injected epinephrine with an epipen achieved a maximum plasma concentration of @ + / - @ pg/ml at @ + / - @ minutes .", "mean systolic blood pressure @ minutes after epinephrine injection was significantly higher with the epipen than with the epipen jr. .", "after injection with the epipen jr , every child experienced transient pallor ; some also experienced tremor and anxiety .", "after injection with the epipen , every child developed transient pallor , tremor , anxiety , and palpitations or other cardiovascular effects ; some also developed headache and nausea .", "epinephrine injection with the epipen rather than the epipen jr raised the systolic blood pressure significantly but also caused more adverse effects .", "the beneficial pharmacologic effects and the adverse pharmacologic effects of epinephrine can not be dissociated .", "for the out-of-hospital treatment of anaphylaxis , additional premeasured , fixed doses of epinephrine would facilitate more precise dosing in young children ." ]

[ { "from": "human", "value": "Text: ['the epipen jr ( @ mg ) and epipen ( @ mg ) auto-injectors , widely prescribed for the out-of-hospital treatment of anaphylaxis , have not been compared prospectively in young children .', 'the purpose of this investigation was to study the rate and extent of epinephrine absorption after use of the epipen jr and the epipen in children weighing @ to @ kg .', 'in a randomized , double-blinded , parallel-group pilot study , children at risk for anaphylaxis self-injected epinephrine using either an epipen jr or an epipen with the aid of a physician .', 'plasma epinephrine concentrations , blood glucose , blood pressure , heart rate , and adverse effects were monitored before and for @ minutes after the injection .', 'children ( age [ mean + / - sem ] , @ + / - @ years ; weight [ mean + / - sem ] , @ + / - @ kg ) who injected epinephrine with an epipen jr achieved a maximum plasma concentration ( mean + / - sem ) of @ + / - @ pg/ml at @ + / - @ minutes .', 'children ( @ + / - @ years ; @ + / - @ kg ) who injected epinephrine with an epipen achieved a maximum plasma concentration of @ + / - @ pg/ml at @ + / - @ minutes .', 'mean systolic blood pressure @ minutes after epinephrine injection was significantly higher with the epipen than with the epipen jr. .', 'after injection with the epipen jr , every child experienced transient pallor ; some also experienced tremor and anxiety .', 'after injection with the epipen , every child developed transient pallor , tremor , anxiety , and palpitations or other cardiovascular effects ; some also developed headache and nausea .', 'epinephrine injection with the epipen rather than the epipen jr raised the systolic blood pressure significantly but also caused more adverse effects .', 'the beneficial pharmacologic effects and the adverse pharmacologic effects of epinephrine can not be dissociated .', 'for the out-of-hospital treatment of anaphylaxis , additional premeasured , fixed doses of epinephrine would facilitate more precise dosing in young children .']" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Target: ['BACKGROUND', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'RESULTS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS', 'CONCLUSIONS']" } ]