tomaarsen/reranker-NeoBERT-gooaq-bce

NeoBERT-medium trained on GooAQ

This is a Cross Encoder model trained using the sentence-transformers library. It computes scores for pairs of texts, which can be used for semantic textual similarity, semantic search, paraphrase mining, text classification, clustering, and more.

Model Details

Model Description

• Model Type: Cross Encoder
• Maximum Sequence Length: 4096 tokens
• Number of Output Labels: 1 label
• Language: en
• License: apache-2.0

Model Sources

• Documentation: Sentence Transformers Documentation
• Documentation: Cross Encoder Documentation
• Repository: Sentence Transformers on GitHub
• Hugging Face: Cross Encoders on Hugging Face

Usage

Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)

First install the Sentence Transformers library:

pip install -U sentence-transformers

Then you can load this model and run inference.

from sentence_transformers import CrossEncoder

# Download from the 🤗 Hub
model = CrossEncoder("tomaarsen/reranker-NeoBERT-gooaq-bce")
# Get scores for pairs of texts
pairs = [
    ['what are the signs of a bad yeast infection?', "['Itching and irritation in the vagina and vulva.', 'A burning sensation, especially during intercourse or while urinating.', 'Redness and swelling of the vulva.', 'Vaginal pain and soreness.', 'Vaginal rash.', 'Thick, white, odor-free vaginal discharge with a cottage cheese appearance.', 'Watery vaginal discharge.']"],
    ['what are the signs of a bad yeast infection?', 'Vaginal yeast infections can cause: itching and irritation in the vagina. redness, swelling, or itching of the vulva (the folds of skin outside the vagina) a thick, white discharge that can look like cottage cheese and is usually odorless, although it might smell like bread or yeast.'],
    ['what are the signs of a bad yeast infection?', 'It can feel like itching or maybe even burning. Or you may experience swelling so extreme, it leads to sores. Whether your symptoms are mild or severe, a yeast infection can be uncomfortable. Also known as vaginal candidiasis, yeast infections are caused by a fungus.'],
    ['what are the signs of a bad yeast infection?', 'Complications of untreated yeast infections If left untreated, vaginal candidiasis will most likely get worse, causing itching, redness, and inflammation in the area surrounding your vagina. This may lead to a skin infection if the inflamed area becomes cracked, or if continual scratching creates open or raw areas.'],
    ['what are the signs of a bad yeast infection?', "Drinking alcohol may also put you at greater risk for yeast infections. So if you're worried about yeast infection symptoms, consider curbing your cocktails. Eating only yeast-free foods is one way some women try to control yeast infections."],
]
scores = model.predict(pairs)
print(scores.shape)
# (5,)

# Or rank different texts based on similarity to a single text
ranks = model.rank(
    'what are the signs of a bad yeast infection?',
    [
        "['Itching and irritation in the vagina and vulva.', 'A burning sensation, especially during intercourse or while urinating.', 'Redness and swelling of the vulva.', 'Vaginal pain and soreness.', 'Vaginal rash.', 'Thick, white, odor-free vaginal discharge with a cottage cheese appearance.', 'Watery vaginal discharge.']",
        'Vaginal yeast infections can cause: itching and irritation in the vagina. redness, swelling, or itching of the vulva (the folds of skin outside the vagina) a thick, white discharge that can look like cottage cheese and is usually odorless, although it might smell like bread or yeast.',
        'It can feel like itching or maybe even burning. Or you may experience swelling so extreme, it leads to sores. Whether your symptoms are mild or severe, a yeast infection can be uncomfortable. Also known as vaginal candidiasis, yeast infections are caused by a fungus.',
        'Complications of untreated yeast infections If left untreated, vaginal candidiasis will most likely get worse, causing itching, redness, and inflammation in the area surrounding your vagina. This may lead to a skin infection if the inflamed area becomes cracked, or if continual scratching creates open or raw areas.',
        "Drinking alcohol may also put you at greater risk for yeast infections. So if you're worried about yeast infection symptoms, consider curbing your cocktails. Eating only yeast-free foods is one way some women try to control yeast infections.",
    ]
)
# [{'corpus_id': ..., 'score': ...}, {'corpus_id': ..., 'score': ...}, ...]

Evaluation

Metrics

Cross Encoder Reranking

• Dataset: gooaq-dev
• Evaluated with CrossEncoderRerankingEvaluator with these parameters:

  {
      "at_k": 10,
      "always_rerank_positives": false
  }
  

Metric	Value
map	0.7451 (+0.2140)
mrr@10	0.7443 (+0.2203)
ndcg@10	0.7849 (+0.1937)

Cross Encoder Reranking

• Dataset: gooaq-dev
• Evaluated with CrossEncoderRerankingEvaluator with these parameters:

  {
      "at_k": 10,
      "always_rerank_positives": true
  }
  

Metric	Value
map	0.8039 (+0.2728)
mrr@10	0.8028 (+0.2788)
ndcg@10	0.8475 (+0.2563)

Training Details

Training Dataset

Unnamed Dataset

• Size: 578,402 training samples
• Columns: question, answer, and label
• Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples:

  	question	answer	label
  type	string	string	int
  details	min: 21 characters mean: 43.81 characters max: 91 characters	min: 51 characters mean: 251.2 characters max: 365 characters	0: ~82.90% 1: ~17.10%

• Samples:

  question	answer	label
  what are the signs of a bad yeast infection?	['Itching and irritation in the vagina and vulva.', 'A burning sensation, especially during intercourse or while urinating.', 'Redness and swelling of the vulva.', 'Vaginal pain and soreness.', 'Vaginal rash.', 'Thick, white, odor-free vaginal discharge with a cottage cheese appearance.', 'Watery vaginal discharge.']	1
  what are the signs of a bad yeast infection?	Vaginal yeast infections can cause: itching and irritation in the vagina. redness, swelling, or itching of the vulva (the folds of skin outside the vagina) a thick, white discharge that can look like cottage cheese and is usually odorless, although it might smell like bread or yeast.	0
  what are the signs of a bad yeast infection?	It can feel like itching or maybe even burning. Or you may experience swelling so extreme, it leads to sores. Whether your symptoms are mild or severe, a yeast infection can be uncomfortable. Also known as vaginal candidiasis, yeast infections are caused by a fungus.	0

• Loss: BinaryCrossEntropyLoss with these parameters:

  {
      "activation_fct": "torch.nn.modules.linear.Identity",
      "pos_weight": 5
  }
  

Training Hyperparameters

Non-Default Hyperparameters

• eval_strategy: steps
• per_device_train_batch_size: 64
• per_device_eval_batch_size: 64
• learning_rate: 2e-05
• num_train_epochs: 1
• warmup_ratio: 0.1
• seed: 12
• bf16: True
• dataloader_num_workers: 4
• load_best_model_at_end: True

All Hyperparameters

Click to expand

• overwrite_output_dir: False
• do_predict: False
• eval_strategy: steps
• prediction_loss_only: True
• per_device_train_batch_size: 64
• per_device_eval_batch_size: 64
• per_gpu_train_batch_size: None
• per_gpu_eval_batch_size: None
• gradient_accumulation_steps: 1
• eval_accumulation_steps: None
• torch_empty_cache_steps: None
• learning_rate: 2e-05
• weight_decay: 0.0
• adam_beta1: 0.9
• adam_beta2: 0.999
• adam_epsilon: 1e-08
• max_grad_norm: 1.0
• num_train_epochs: 1
• max_steps: -1
• lr_scheduler_type: linear
• lr_scheduler_kwargs: {}
• warmup_ratio: 0.1
• warmup_steps: 0
• log_level: passive
• log_level_replica: warning
• log_on_each_node: True
• logging_nan_inf_filter: True
• save_safetensors: True
• save_on_each_node: False
• save_only_model: False
• restore_callback_states_from_checkpoint: False
• no_cuda: False
• use_cpu: False
• use_mps_device: False
• seed: 12
• data_seed: None
• jit_mode_eval: False
• use_ipex: False
• bf16: True
• fp16: False
• fp16_opt_level: O1
• half_precision_backend: auto
• bf16_full_eval: False
• fp16_full_eval: False
• tf32: None
• local_rank: 0
• ddp_backend: None
• tpu_num_cores: None
• tpu_metrics_debug: False
• debug: []
• dataloader_drop_last: False
• dataloader_num_workers: 4
• dataloader_prefetch_factor: None
• past_index: -1
• disable_tqdm: False
• remove_unused_columns: True
• label_names: None
• load_best_model_at_end: True
• ignore_data_skip: False
• fsdp: []
• fsdp_min_num_params: 0
• fsdp_config: {'min_num_params': 0, 'xla': False, 'xla_fsdp_v2': False, 'xla_fsdp_grad_ckpt': False}
• fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap: None
• accelerator_config: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'non_blocking': False, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None}
• deepspeed: None
• label_smoothing_factor: 0.0
• optim: adamw_torch
• optim_args: None
• adafactor: False
• group_by_length: False
• length_column_name: length
• ddp_find_unused_parameters: None
• ddp_bucket_cap_mb: None
• ddp_broadcast_buffers: False
• dataloader_pin_memory: True
• dataloader_persistent_workers: False
• skip_memory_metrics: True
• use_legacy_prediction_loop: False
• push_to_hub: False
• resume_from_checkpoint: None
• hub_model_id: None
• hub_strategy: every_save
• hub_private_repo: None
• hub_always_push: False
• gradient_checkpointing: False
• gradient_checkpointing_kwargs: None
• include_inputs_for_metrics: False
• include_for_metrics: []
• eval_do_concat_batches: True
• fp16_backend: auto
• push_to_hub_model_id: None
• push_to_hub_organization: None
• mp_parameters:
• auto_find_batch_size: False
• full_determinism: False
• torchdynamo: None
• ray_scope: last
• ddp_timeout: 1800
• torch_compile: False
• torch_compile_backend: None
• torch_compile_mode: None
• dispatch_batches: None
• split_batches: None
• include_tokens_per_second: False
• include_num_input_tokens_seen: False
• neftune_noise_alpha: None
• optim_target_modules: None
• batch_eval_metrics: False
• eval_on_start: False
• use_liger_kernel: False
• eval_use_gather_object: False
• average_tokens_across_devices: False
• prompts: None
• batch_sampler: batch_sampler
• multi_dataset_batch_sampler: proportional

Training Logs

Epoch	Step	Training Loss	gooaq-dev_ndcg@10
-1	-1	-	0.1489 (-0.4423)
0.0001	1	1.328	-
0.0221	200	1.1586	-
0.0443	400	0.7765	-
0.0664	600	0.651	-
0.0885	800	0.6165	-
0.1106	1000	0.6434	0.7674 (+0.1762)
0.1328	1200	0.5952	-
0.1549	1400	0.573	-
0.1770	1600	0.5538	-
0.1992	1800	0.5492	-
0.2213	2000	0.5452	0.8095 (+0.2182)
0.2434	2200	0.5325	-
0.2655	2400	0.5178	-
0.2877	2600	0.5233	-
0.3098	2800	0.5079	-
0.3319	3000	0.5084	0.8178 (+0.2266)
0.3541	3200	0.5104	-
0.3762	3400	0.5053	-
0.3983	3600	0.4892	-
0.4204	3800	0.4879	-
0.4426	4000	0.4969	0.8260 (+0.2348)
0.4647	4200	0.492	-
0.4868	4400	0.4798	-
0.5090	4600	0.4708	-
0.5311	4800	0.4638	-
0.5532	5000	0.4746	0.8286 (+0.2374)
0.5753	5200	0.4467	-
0.5975	5400	0.4615	-
0.6196	5600	0.452	-
0.6417	5800	0.4632	-
0.6639	6000	0.4517	0.8290 (+0.2378)
0.6860	6200	0.447	-
0.7081	6400	0.4581	-
0.7303	6600	0.4521	-
0.7524	6800	0.4461	-
0.7745	7000	0.4418	0.8372 (+0.2459)
0.7966	7200	0.4279	-
0.8188	7400	0.4136	-
0.8409	7600	0.4163	-
0.8630	7800	0.4099	-
0.8852	8000	0.4156	0.8431 (+0.2518)
0.9073	8200	0.4146	-
0.9294	8400	0.4264	-
0.9515	8600	0.4261	-
0.9737	8800	0.4145	-
0.9958	9000	0.4219	0.8475 (+0.2562)
-1	-1	-	0.8475 (+0.2562)

• The bold row denotes the saved checkpoint.

Framework Versions

• Python: 3.11.10
• Sentence Transformers: 3.5.0.dev0
• Transformers: 4.49.0
• PyTorch: 2.5.1+cu124
• Accelerate: 1.2.0
• Datasets: 2.21.0
• Tokenizers: 0.21.0

Citation

BibTeX

Sentence Transformers

@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert,
    title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks",
    author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = "11",
    year = "2019",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084",
}