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vattvar
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capstone_test

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Split (1)

train · 163k rows

corpus stringclasses 1 value	doc_id stringclasses 1 value	sent_id int64 1.04M 132M	index stringclasses 1 value	text stringlengths 79 99.4k	text_w_pairs float64	pair_label int64 -1 -1	context float64	num_sents int64 1 1.31k
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	55,237,621	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	For companies, LGBTQ-inclusive ads weren't always risk-free While rainbow-colored, LGBTQ-inclusive ad campaigns now appear to be omnipresent during Pride Month, that was not always the case.	null	-1	null	1
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,233,331	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	CLOSE Congress passed an emergency bill to address the humanitarian crisis on the border after migrant deaths, and CBP claims facilities are out of funds. Hannah Gaber, USA TODAY WASHINGTON – President Donald Trump said the nationwide raids by immigration authorities that were delayed last week are planned to take place sometime after the July Fourth holiday. The raids planned by Immigration and Customs Enforcement in major cities across the nation were delayed after House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif., called Trump. The president announced June 22, a day before the raids were reported to begin, that he would give Congress two weeks to work on asylum laws and the flow of migrants at the southern U.S. border. Trump, during a news conference after the G-20 summit in Japan, said that was still the plan despite Congress being on recess this upcoming week. House Democrats have pointed to the recess — which would impede the House from passing a bill on the issue — as a reason to the delay the raids. The operation was set to take place in 10 major cities and was aimed at rounding up undocumented immigrants and deporting them, according to various media outlets, including The Washington Post. "Unless we do something pretty miraculous," the president said the raids would happen "sometime after July Fourth." CLOSE U.S. President Donald Trump says he may meet with Kim Jong Un at the Korean demilitarised zone in the coming days and that the North Korean leader "was very receptive." (June 29) AP, AP More: Trump delays nationwide ICE raids to deport undocumented immigrants, allows Congress two weeks on deal More: Trump revives old pledge to remove migrants ahead of Florida campaign rally "We will be removing large numbers of people," Trump said. He added the process for reforming asylum laws should be easy, though presidents for decades have struggled with such legislation. "We could do it quickly, we could do it in a day, we could do it in an hour," Trump said. "We could reform asylum very quickly." President Donald Trump is pictured speaking during a news conference at a hotel in Osaka, Japan. (Photo: Kimimasa Mayama, EPA-EFE) The president said tougher laws and a wall along the border could help halt this flow of migrants and prevent deaths like that of Óscar Alberto Martínez Ramírez and his 23-month-old daughter Valeria, who drowned in the Rio Grande river in Mexico. A harrowing photo of the father and daughter face down in the river was published Tuesday by the Associated Press and renewed debate over the U.S. immigration system. "If they thought it was hard to get in, they wouldn't be coming up," Trump said. "So many lives would be saved." More at the G-20 summit: Donald Trump blasts Jimmy Carter as a 'nice man' but a 'terrible president' 'You don't have this problem':: Trump vents to Putin at G-20 summit about frustration with reporters This week, Congress passed an emergency funding bill to help alleviate the worsening crisis at the southern border. The $4.6 billion will help fund migrant detention centers, which were nearly out of cash due to the surge of families traveling to the border, including a large number from Central America. 'Children come first': House passes $4.6 billion in aid for migrants at border after Pelosi caves to Republicans The bipartisan Senate measure led to an impasse in the House and requests for added restrictions to make conditions safer for migrants seeking asylum in the U.S. It passed after a tense back-and-forth between the Senate and House and led to infighting among House Democrats. The bill now heads to Trump's desk for signature. Trump applauded the legislation and Pelosi, who was thrust into the middle of the debate within her party and sought to make everyone pleased with the legislation. "She really worked with us," Trump said. But Trump's timeframe wasn't enough to get both the Republican-controlled Senate and Democratic-controlled House to directly take on immigration laws this week. And due to the holiday recess, there's virtually no chance Trump's two-week deadline will be met. Read or Share this story: https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2019/06/29/trump-ice-raids-immigrants-planned-july-4/1607395001/	null	-1	null	28
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	1,246,839	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	MEXICO CITY (Reuters) - Unidentified gunmen shot dead Israeli electronic music DJ Ronen Dahan, also known as Perplex, during an attack at a dance club in the central Mexican city of San Luis Potosi, authorities said on Saturday. The attorney general’s office for the surrounding state of San Luis Potosi said in a statement that a group of armed men entered the club in the south of the city early on Saturday and opened fire, killing Dahan, 45, and wounding three other people. One of the wounded later died of his injuries in a hospital. The shooters left the building and their whereabouts were unknown, the statement said. The motive was not clear. The attorney general’s office said Dahan was believed to be performing at the club, and was identified by documentation he had on him. He was an Israeli national, the statement added. An official Facebook page for Dahan said he was born in France, grew up in Israel and was now based in Stockholm. The Facebook page said Dahan had released at least 10 electronic albums and had gone on several world tours.	null	-1	null	9
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	55,110,658	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	But an investigation by the Wall Street Journal in 2015 found that Theranos' technology was inaccurate at best, and that the company was using routine blood-testing equipment for the vast majority of its tests. The story raised concerns about the accuracy of Theranos' blood-testing technology, which put patients at risk of having conditions either misdiagnosed or ignored.	null	-1	null	2
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,405,254	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	President Trump praised his relationship with North Korean leader Kim Jong Un during an address to South Korean business leaders Sunday and hinted that both men could meet later in the day at the Demilitarized Zone that separates the two Koreas. "There's a good feeling. I won't even say developing. I just think we have a very good relationship," Trump said to a room full of South Korea's most prominent business figures in Seoul after his arrival from the Group of 20 summit in Osaka, Japan. "I don't know about beyond the two of us, but I can say the two of us." Trump was scheduled to visit the DMZ later in the day to tour the fortified border. Earlier in the week, he extended an invitation to Kim to meet for a handshake. NORTH KOREA LEADER RECEIVES 'EXCELLENT' LETTER FROM TRUMP "I understand they want to meet," Trump said. "I'd love to say hello. It's going to be very short." Should the two leaders meet, it will be their third face-to-face in under 18 months. The two sat down with each other in February for their second summit in Hanoi, Vietnam, which collapsed amid an impasse over the North's nuclear ambitions and U.S. sanctions. North Korean and American officials have recently hinted at a possible third summit. In touting America's relationship with the rogue state, Trump cited its lack of ballistic missile tests and efforts to repatriate the remains of American troops killed in the Korean War. He also cited his role in ensuring stability between both Koreas. "In my opinion had President Obama or ... for instance my opponent [Hillary Clinton] in the last election, had it worked that way, I honestly believe you would have been at war with North Korea," Trump said. CLICK HERE TO GET THE FOX NEWS APP Later in his speech, Trump touched on the American economy and said trade discussions with China are ongoing. Trump met with Chinese President Xi Jinping on Saturday. He agreed to hold off on plans to impose a 25 percent tariff on another $300 billion worth of Chinese goods.	null	-1	null	19
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	59,609,563	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	“And I’m not ready to stop there. I’m ready to continue taking courageous steps in defending our community and being a partner in bringing our voices to Washington. I’m representing you, and it’s the biggest honor of my life,” she said, calling hers a “people-powered campaign” and saying “small dollar donations go a long way in a race like mine.”	null	-1	null	3
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,317,738	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Former Vice President Joe Biden (D) told a group of donors in Belvedere, CA Friday that his Democrat colleagues are criticizing him primarily because he talks about bringing the country together. “I know I’m criticized heavily by my qualified contenders who are running [when I say] ‘folks, we’ve got to bring the country together,” he said. While some, Biden said, will say ,”well, that’s old Joe, they’re the old days,” he disagreed. “If that’s the old days, we’re dead,” he added. “That’s not hyperbole.” Critics say Biden’s desire to bring the country together is not the issue. The way he presented it, however, is. He originally came under fire after using his relationship with late-segregationalist Sens. James Eastland (D-MS) and Herman Talmadge (D-GA) as an example of bipartisanship. “I was in a caucus with James O. Eastland,” Biden told a group of donors at the Carlyle Hotel in New York City earlier this month. “He never called me boy, he always called me son.” “Well guess what?” he continued. “At least there was some civility. We got things done. We didn’t agree on much of anything. We got things done. We got it finished.” “But today you look at the other side and you’re the enemy,” he added. “Not the opposition, the enemy. We don’t talk to each other anymore.” His comparison fell flat, as Eastland and Talmadge were Democrats – not Republicans. After Biden refused to apologize, his Democrat opponents called him out. “You don’t joke about calling black men ‘boys.’ Men like James O. Eastland used words like that, and the racist policies that accompanied them, to perpetuate white supremacy and strip black Americans of our very humanity,” Sen. Cory Booker (D-NJ) said in a statement. “I have to tell Vice President Biden, as someone I respect, that he is wrong for using his relationships with Eastland and Talmadge as examples of how to bring our country together,” he continued, scolding Biden for failing to issue an apology. “Cory should apologize. He knows better,” Biden said. “There’s not a racist bone in my body. I’ve been involved in civil rights my whole career, period, period, period.” Biden hits back at Booker over segregationist senator. “Apologize for what? Cory [Booker] should apologize. He knows better” pic.twitter.com/xq8lLk4tTj — Alex Thompson (@AlxThomp) June 20, 2019 He later called Booker to clear the air, although neither of them apologized. Things got worse for Biden during Thursday night’s debate, with Sen. Kamala Harris (D-CA) slamming him over his past positions on racial issues. “It was hurtful to hear you talk about the reputations of two United States senators who built their reputations and career on the segregation of race in this country,” Harris said. “And it was not only that, but you also worked with them to oppose busing.” “And, you know, there was a little girl in California who was part of the second class to integrate her public schools, and she was bused to school every day. And that little girl was me,” she added.	null	-1	null	31
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,368,165	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	At least three people were arrested by Portland, Ore., police, and several others were injured, during several Antifa demonstrations that took place in downtown Portland on Sunday, police said. The demonstrations involved leftist groups and those such as the Proud Boys, a far-right neo-fascist organization that admits only men and is notorious for street fights and the "HimToo Movement," a movement against false rape allegations organized by conservative activist Haley Adams, as well as counter-protestors such as the Rose City Antifa. ANTIFA, FAR-RIGHT GROUPS CLASH OUTSIDE PORTLAND BAR AFTER 'PEACEFUL' MAY DAY PROTESTS Demonstrators got violent, with some throwing milkshakes mixed with quick-drying cement, raw eggs and pepper spray at others, and the gatherings were deemed "civil disturbance and unlawful assembly" by the Portland PD. The disturbances were thought to involve both sides. Gage Halupowski, 23, was charged with multiple counts of assault including on a public safety officer. James K. Stocks, 21, was charged with harassment, and Maria C. Dehart, 23, was charged with disorderly conduct and harassment. "During today's events, there were multiple assaults reported, as well as projectiles thrown at demonstrators and officers," the police said in a statement. "There were also reports of pepper spray and bear spray being used by people in the crowd. Officers deployed pepper spray during the incident. There were reports of individuals throwing "milkshakes" with a substance mixed in that was similar to a quick-drying cement. One subject was arrested for throwing a substance during the incident." Portland Fire Medics were embedded with the Portland Police Bureau members and treated eight people, including three police officers during the even, police said. CLICK HERE FOR THE FOX NEWS APP "Three community members received treatment at area hospitals after they were assaulted with weapons. Two officers were pepper-sprayed during the incident and were treated. Another officer was punched in the arm by a demonstrator and sustained non-life threatening injury. Another officer sustained a non-life threatening head injury from a projectile," the statement said.	null	-1	null	16
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	55,115,815	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	A First Covenant staff member officiated at an off-site wedding of two women from the church worship band in 2014. The church also released a "love all" statement that said it welcomes members of the LGBTQ community to participate in church activities, including serving in leadership roles. It also says it offers pastoral care, including weddings, "to all in our congregation without regard for ability, race, sex, gender identity or sexual orientation."	null	-1	null	3
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,130,648	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	CLOSE Police announced an arrest in the murder of a Utah college student last seen in a Salt Lake City park 11 days ago. They said she was abducted, killed and her remains burned in the yard of a man now facing aggravated murder and other charges. (June 28) AP Salt Lake City Police and the FBI are scouring a digital trail even after the arrest of a suspect in the disappearance and death of University of Utah student Mackenzie Lueck. Police used cellphone records, GPS location data and social media posts that led them to Ayoola A. Ajayi, who was arrested and charged with kidnapping and murder Friday. Salt Lake City Police Chief Mike Brown said Lueck and Ajayi had exchanged messages the day before Lueck went missing, and Brown emphasized the importance of digital forensic evidence in the ongoing investigation. Lueck, 23, was last seen June 17 by a Lyft driver who picked her up from the Salt Lake City airport and dropped her off at a park, where she reportedly met with someone in a car around 3 a.m. Police now believe that the person she met was Ajayi, 31. Online court and property records show Ajayi, who was divorced this year, had no Utah criminal record. His home is 5 miles from the park where Lueck was last seen. Mackenzie Lueck: Man charged with murder in disappearance of missing Utah college student Salt Lake City Police Chief Mike Brown holds a news conference on Friday, June 28, 2019 in Salt Lake City. Brown said Ayoola A. Ajayi was being charged with aggravated murder, kidnapping and desecration of a body in the death of 23-year-old Mackenzie Lueck. He was arrested without incident earlier Friday morning by a SWAT team. (Francisco Kjolseth /The Salt Lake Tribune via AP) (Photo: Francisco Kjolseth, AP) Police spent Wednesday and Thursday searching Ajayi's home and property, where they say they found evidence linking him to the crime. Neighbors reported smelly burning coming from Ajayi's property days after Lueck went missing, and when police searched the yard they found a fresh dig area. An examination of the area led police to charred personal items of Lueck's, and the Utah State Crime Lab helped them identify charred human tissue as matching Lueck's DNA. According to Brown, police are still attempting to locate a mattress and box springs given away from Ajayi's residence the week after Lueck went missing. On Saturday, a contractor told ABC News that Ajayi sought him out a few months ago to build a soundproof room in his home with hooks drilled into concrete walls and a secret entrance with a thumb lock. The contractor said he declined to take the job. “Honestly? I don’t know what he wanted it for,” contractor Brian Wolf told ABC News’ Salt Lake City affiliate, KTVX. Disappearance: University of Utah student Mackenzie Lueck took a Lyft to meet someone at a park. Now she's missing Salt Lake City Police search a home in connection to the disappearance of University of Utah Student Mackenzie Lueck on Wednesday, June 26, 2019, in Salt Lake City. Salt Lake City Assistant Police Chief Tim Doubt said Wednesday night that detectives were serving a search warrant at the home in relation to the case, but refused to provide any more details. (Scott G Winterton/The Deseret News via AP) ORG XMIT: UTSAL106 (Photo: Scott G Winterton, AP) As the investigation into Lueck's death continues, the family of another slain University of Utah student is taking action to improve the safety of young women. Jill and Matt McCluskey, the parents of Lauren McCluskey, plan to sue the school for $56 million for failing to protect their daughter despite several attempts to report that she felt threatened by her ex-boyfriend Melvin Rowland, according to the Associated Press. Lauren McCluskey was fatally shot by Rowland, 37, in October, less than two weeks after she broke up with him for lying about his name, age and status as a sex offender, AP reported. The two had previously dated for about a month. Her parents said their daughter called campus police at least 20 times to report Rowland, and the university failed to “protect their daughter when she was a student,” according to the lawsuit. She was on the phone with her mother while walking on campus when she was abducted and shot by Rowland. He later killed himself. The McCluskeys said the money from the lawsuit would go into a trust to improve safety for women on campus. The McCluskeys said that ideally they would have joined forces with the University of Utah to improve campus safety but university leaders failed to take responsibility or hold relevant individuals accountable. “The only way to improve campus safety is to file a lawsuit,” Jill McCluskey said in a press conference Thursday. “This is our last resort to effect positive change.” Police officers stand in front of the home, right, of Ayoola A. Ajayi Friday, June 28, 2019, in Salt Lake City. Authorities are filing murder and kidnapping charges in the death of a Utah college student who disappeared 11 days ago. Salt Lake City police chief Mike Brown said 31-year-old Ajayi will be charged with aggravated murder, kidnaping and desecration of a body in the death of 23-year-old Mackenzie Lueck. (AP Photo/Rick Bowmer) ORG XMIT: UTRB106 (Photo: Rick Bowmer, AP) As the University of Utah community grieves the loss of yet another young woman, the Utah Domestic Violence Coalition has spoken out against speculation about the circumstances of Lueck's death: “The recent disappearance of Mackenzie Lueck has resulted in many people speculating on what may have happened to her and why – with much of the speculation being a blatant form of victim blaming,” according to a statement. “While we do not know the details of Mackenzie’s disappearance, we do know that victim blaming and shaming is inappropriate and unacceptable. In addition to perpetuating myths about abuse, assault, and violence, victim blaming wrongly excuses the perpetrator’s behaviors.” Lueck was a senior at the University of Utah, where she studied kinesiology and pre-nursing, according to a statement by the university. Read or Share this story: https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2019/06/29/mackenzie-lueck-police-track-digital-evidence-utah-students-death/1607465001/	null	-1	null	39
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,297,218	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Body cam video from a Sugercreek, Ohio, officer shows a truck driver allegedly stab the officer with a screwdriver before being shot dead. The incident occurred on Wednesday, and the video was released the next day. Cleveland 19 reports that the officer, Captain Brian Dalton, was allegedly attacked with a screwdriver around 10:00 am. Dalton came into contact with the suspect, 32-year-old Elijah Collins III, while responding to reports of a truck being driven through lawns. Dalton handed Collins a citation and told him he would have to appear in municipal court. Collins allegedly responded by grabbing a screwdriver and stabbing Dalton in the neck. The Daily Mail reports that Dalton shot and killed Collins after being stabbed. Dalton remains in ICU but his condition is improving. AWR Hawkins is an award-winning Second Amendment columnist for Breitbart News and the writer/curator of Down Range with AWR Hawkins, a weekly newsletter focused on all things Second Amendment, also for Breitbart News. He is the political analyst for Armed American Radio. Follow him on Twitter: @AWRHawkins. Reach him directly at [email protected]. Sign up to get Down Range at breitbart.com/downrange.	null	-1	null	13
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	18,382,419	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Image copyright AFP Image caption Gen Abdel Fattah al-Burhan (C), the head of the ruling military council, rallied support in the city of Omdurman on Saturday Sudan's main opposition group says security forces raided its office and blocked a press conference on the eve of mass protests against military rule. The "million-strong march" is in opposition to the military council's refusal to hand control to civilians following Omar al-Bashir's removal. The Sudanese Professionals Association (SPA) said in a tweet that it "condemns this repressive behaviour". It insisted the protests would go ahead on Sunday. The SPA had organised a media briefing on Saturday evening to unveil plans for the rally, which will be the first mass demonstration since dozens were killed when the military opened fire on pro-democracy protesters on 3 June. Media playback is unsupported on your device Media caption Gunfire as protesters flee on 3 June Protest leader Ahmed al-Rabie told AFP that the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) had broken up the media briefing. "Before we could start the press conference, three vehicles from RSF, full of armed men, came to our building and told us not to hold the press conference," he said. Everyone in the building was ordered to leave, Mr al-Rabie said. He told Reuters the raid was "a violation of liberties that is even worse than the regime of the former president". Omar al-Bashir was ousted as Sudan's president in April. The military warned it would hold the opposition responsible for any violence or loss of life in the protests. Gen Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo, also known as Hemeti, warned of "vandals" and a "concealed agenda" that might take advantage of the demonstrations. Talks between Sudan's Transitional Military Council (TMC) and the opposition movement collapsed after 3 June and have not resumed despite mediation by the African Union (AU) and Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed. On Friday, the SPA said two leading members of the opposition had been detained and urged "the international community to demand their immediate release".	null	-1	null	14
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	3,167,098	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	(Reuters) - Network Rail is said to have prepared a bid for the UK’s second largest steel producer British Steel’s rail service center business, the Telegraph reported on Saturday. Government-owned Network Rail submitted a letter of intent to buy part of the company responsible for the welding, finishing and storing of rails for Britain’s train network, late on Friday, it said. The move by Network Rail is just one of about 10 bids likely to be submitted to the Official Receiver, which took control of British Steel last month, the newspaper said. Banking and industry sources told Reuters on Friday that the company, which went into liquidation in May, has attracted interest from up to nine possible buyers, but far fewer firm bids were expected by an extended June 30 deadline. A closure of the company, which produces high-cost long steel products used in construction and rail networks, would jeopardize 25,000 jobs, including 5,000 in Scunthorpe, northern England. Network Rail would prefer that another buyer takes on British Steel, while it looks at a number of scenarios, but the UK government and the Receiver are keen to sell British Steel in its entirety to one buyer, the Telegraph added. Sources previously told Reuters that none of the potential buyers would be willing to take on the whole company, even for a nominal sum, due to the need for capital expenditure to make it profitable after years of underinvestment. Network Rail and British Steel did not respond to requests for comments outside regular business hours.	null	-1	null	8
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,348,684	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	The Federal Bureau of Investigation is urging American universities to keep an eye on Chinese students who could potentially steal research and send it back to their native country. “We are being asked what processes are in place to know what labs they are working at or what information they are being exposed to,” said Fred Cate, vice president of research at Indiana University. “It’s not a question of just looking for suspicious behavior — it’s actually really targeting specific countries and the people from those countries,” he added. However, FBI Director Christopher Wray said during a congressional hearing in February 2018 that he believed China is “exploiting the very open research and development environment that we have, which we all revere, but they’re taking advantage of it.” NPR reported Friday that FBI officials have presented universities with a list of Chinese research institutions and companies with whom some students are associated. “While law enforcement agents have discussed university monitoring of other nationalities as well, these FBI briefings addressed visitors from China in particular who are involved in science, technology, engineering and math,” the report states. Fortune reported in March that the theft of intellectual property, or IP theft, has been a huge issue in trade talks between China and the United States. “IP theft may not seem the same as taking physical property, but it represents either a loss of opportunity or of competitive advantage that reduces the money a company could have made,” the report stated. Retired former counterintelligence official Todd K. Hulsey told NPR that what the FBI is doing is “really more of an outreach and education program.” “It’s to let these universities know that there is an existing threat to our economy,” he said. The FBI began cracking down on the issue in April when more than 30 Chinese professors alleged that their U.S. visas were cancelled or put on administrative review in 2018, after they were suspected of having links to Chinese intelligence agencies.	null	-1	null	9
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	39,055,922	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Hong Kong has seen its biggest political crisis in decades, but Beijing cannot afford to let the dissent go unpunished 'They will definitely take revenge': how China could respond to the Hong Kong protests The Communist Party has always been aware of the power of mass protests. Mao Zedong in 1930 famously used the traditional saying: “a single spark can start a prairie fire” to remind fellow Communists the power of strikes and uprisings when they were a fledgling opposition party under the one-party Nationalist rule. Today, Chinese leaders are likely to take a much grimmer view when they see images of millions protesting a controversial law in Hong Kong this month. Rocked by its biggest political crisis in decades, millions have thronged to the streets to protest a proposed law allowing for the extradition of individuals to mainland China, where courts are controlled by the Communist Party. Chinese foreign minister Wang Yi told reporters last week that it was “highly alarming that Western forces have been stirring up trouble and provoking confrontation in an attempt to undermine Hong Kong’s peace and stability.” Hong Kong protests: activists call for further action Read more Casting protests as conspiracies fomented by “Western hostile forces” is a narrative that is not new for the Chinese government. The 1989 Tiananmen pro-democracy movement, eventually crushed by the military, was labelled as a plot backed by Western powers to topple communist rule. The 500,000-strong protest in Hong Kong against a proposed subversion law in 2003 and the 79-day “Umbrella” civil disobedience movement in 2014 were also similarly blamed on “foreign forces” set to undermine China. Amid the recent protests, a Hong Kong representative to the Chinese parliament warned of “foreign forces’ interference” and warned people not to become “pawns” in the US-China trade war. “According to the Communist ideology, ‘We are the people’s representatives’, so the party cannot accept people rising up against it and forcing it to back down,” said Joseph Cheng, retired political science professor at the City University of Hong Kong. The authorities also have a deep-rooted tendency to blame problems on foreign interference instead of their own governance weaknesses, political commentator and veteran journalist Ching Cheong said. “China sees Hong Kong as influenced by years of colonial rule and having no sense of responsibility to introduce laws to protect the national security or to help the country nab fugitives,” said Ching. “And they believe that hostile forces are using ‘colour revolution’ to subvert China through Hong Kong.” Chinese leaders have many times warned against “colour revolution” – movements that lead to regime changes through non-violent resistance – and Chinese President Xi Jinping in January warned officials to be vigilant against political risks that could threaten the Communist Party’s rule. “The Communist Party fears mass protests,” said Willy Lam, a China expert at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, who said Xi was particularly frightened of unpredictable events that could disturb the stats quo. After the current crisis, analysts believe the Hong Kong government will likely start a new round of retaliatory measures against its critics while the Chinese government will tighten its grip on the city. “They will definitely seek revenge, otherwise they can’t justify themselves as an effectual regime,” said Lam. Analysts expect that the Hong Kong government will widen the prosecution of people active in the protests. Last week, the police said 32 people had been arrested over the recent demonstrations and five have been charged with rioting, which carries a maximum sentence of ten years’ imprisonment. Analysts also expect the government to continue weakening the pro-democracy camp by disqualifying more of its election candidates. Six members of the legislature have already been ousted and candidates seen as pro-independent have been prevented from running for public office. And Beijing will likely try to assume more power over Hong Kong, speed up its integration with China, and intensify ideological education, analysts say. “China will step up its intervention. Like after the 2003 protest, China will watch more closely,” said Cheng. Why aren't Hong Kong's protesters backing down? – podcast Read more At China’s behest, Hong Kong has already put in place a number of infrastructure projects that aid integration with the mainland, such as a bridge linking Hong Kong, Macau and Southern China’s Greater Bay Area, and a multi-billion-dollar high-speed rail linking the city and mainland cities. And more resources will likely be dedicated to initiatives to fuel patriotism, such as stepping up ideological education among youngsters, analysts say. Having antagonised not only the pro-democracy camp, but also the business community and even pro-government politicians in the recent crisis, Hong Kong’s leader Carrie Lam will lean even more heavily on her Beijing masters for support, Cheng said. “She will get even closer to China,” he said. But in the absence of any real solution to address Hong Kong people’s plights for democracy and more freedoms, these strategies will only deepen Hong Kong’s political crisis and more angry outbursts of discontent are expected on the streets. “The crux of the issue is that there is no democracy and there are no checks and balances so bigger mistakes will occur,” warned Cheng. “Conflicts will keep accumulating and one day these will explode.”	null	-1	null	30
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	39,191,823	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Vladimir Putin may relish his place at the table in Vienna but he will be tempted to cash in on rising prices Opec weighs up the risks if Russia goes it alone on prices The Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries (Opec) will meet this week in Vienna under a familiar pretext: to act as stewards of oil market stability. In practice, oil ministers from the world’s most powerful oil-producing nations will thrash out a deal to limit the amount of oil flowing into the global market and avoid an oil price collapse. The latest pact is expected to extend a milestone deal first struck between Opec and a Russian-led alliance of nations outside the cartel in the wake of the oil price crash. The super-alliance, known as Opec+, agreed to hold back 1.2 million barrels of oil a day to shore up prices, and with the support of Saudi Arabia, Iraq and the United Arab Emirates it is likely to agree to keep a firm grip on oil taps once again. In reality, any pretence that the oil market will bend to the will of Opec is already blanched to a brittle hope by the fiery geopolitics beyond its control. The cartel is divided by regional rivalries and under threat from the rising market might of the US as its shale resurgence gains pace. Meanwhile, Russian patience with Opec’s policy of restraint is wearing thin. Wall Street hits record high, as Iran tensions send oil price up - as it happened Read more Helima Croft, RBC Capital’s oil strategy guru and a former CIA analyst, says a rollover of the oil supply pact might be just about the only thing these countries are currently able to agree on. It took weeks to agree to a date for the 176th Opec meeting amid a deepening security crisis over sanctions-hit Iran, and attacks targeting oil tankers and pipelines reverberating throughout the Middle East. But the decisions that are more likely to set the direction of global oil prices will take place several time zones away, before talks begin. Opec’s Vienna gathering will take place just days after a crunch meeting of the G20 where world leaders will hope to break the impasse in the US-China trade war to lift a looming risk to the global economy. A conciliatory signal from President Donald Trump would wield significant influence over the world’s oil demand. And oil supply is firmly within the grip of the US leader. His sanctions against Iran and Venezuela have already swept more barrels from the global market than the cuts overseen by Opec and its partners combined. Meanwhile, the US shale producers are gaining ground within the market as Opec restraint persists. The International Energy Agency says Opec’s efforts to control the world’s supply of oil is being undermined by the “relentless” US shale boom. By next year the world will demand only 29.3 million barrels of Opec crude a day, a 600,000-barrel-a-day cut from the group’s production rate last month. The threat to Opec’s market share is an unintended consequence of its own making. The decision to raise market prices by pulling back on oil output has effectively left the door open to US shale, leaving many in Opec+ wondering whether it may be time to change tack. Oil market analysts at Investec believe that Russia in particular may well conclude that it has nothing to gain from keeping a throttle on oil output for another year. President Vladimir Putin will be in no hurry to turn his back on a seat at the head of an energy alliance, but with rising concern over Russia’s “anaemic economic growth” it may decide to open its taps to take advantage of higher market prices, says Croft. This could spell the end of Opec+, and leave the original Opec states even weaker than before.	null	-1	null	22
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	38,908,284	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	I won’t be forgetting the night of 18 May any time soon. For those who had any doubt, the veneer was finally off. My family carried on the following week in anxious silence. After the shock result, we were worried about the depth of the damage – the existing and the yet to come – to us as Muslims, and to other minority communities, in particular First Nations peoples. The prospect of more fighting, more years before we would see “progress” or feel safe, seemed unbearable. Many said not to despair, that there were some small wins in the swings, the shifts, in Tony Abbott’s loss. That there was still a large share of the voting public who rejected far-right narratives. The morning after, a mentor and long-time activist provided some much-needed perspective. “The past has something to give us,” she said. “Recognise that in those who came before, and those yet to come.” It is a reminder that elections aren’t the only measure of “change”, that they are not the primary arena of struggle for many communities. This is a long game – there is a distinction between outcome and impact. Culture shock: politics upended in era of identity Read more There are individuals in our communities who already know this. The “progressive left” does not need to look for an entirely new path where there are ones already laid down. Follow the lighthouses who are continuously confronting these deep seated realities and inequalities with creativity, steadfastness, and strength. Lighthouses like Widjabul woman Larissa Baldwin who has travelled across the Northern Territory, connecting with Aboriginal communities in remote areas that normally don’t make our front page news. She has brought attention to the serious, long-term issues they have been facing, from housing to deaths in custody. Or look to people like Roj Amedi who has been campaigning in the streets of Victoria alongside other community organising volunteers to get marginalised communities connected to each other, bypassing existing barriers like geography and language. Or the example of Tim Lo Surdo who works to make sure local activists are trained and supported so they can keep organising and working in grassroots civil society. Freedom isn’t an endpoint or solution – it expands and contracts, rises and recedes – it is a constant struggle. Larissa, Roj, Tim, and many like them have been organising. They recognise the incredible diversities and complexities of our communities. They form solidarities. They fight for our voices and perspectives to be heard. They work every day to elevate us all. But this isn’t just up to individuals. The truth is we cannot look for answers from a system that was never intended to give us any. This is a nation that is built on the deliberate and ongoing exclusion and erasure of the “other”. There is no fight for freedom without acknowledging this country was built on genocide. That the settler–colonial project in Australia was created to preserve and serve white neoliberal interests. That is our starting point. As a Muslim, I may feel like an outsider, but I am not outside the system. White supremacy is adaptive, it has been continually reproduced, made palatable, rebranded as ‘“Muslim friendly” as it manages us into surveillance, obedience and control. Notions of “reform” are not sufficient, they are cosmetic. Reform would merely recreate benevolent empire, a more “progressive” settler-colonial entity. Change cannot happen within existing paradigms, Labor to Liberal, from one side of the spectrum to the other, because these institutions are part of the underlying structures that create and perpetuate systems of oppression. Settler-colonialism is the root of the problem – one we must seriously commit to abolishing. Once we truly recognise that, we can think about our part – physically, philosophically, psychologically – in helping create critically conscious movements in our communities and beyond. We need to look past traditional power structures and towards Indigenous sovereignty and ways of honouring the traditional custodians and cultures of the land.	null	-1	null	38
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	1,072,720	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Saudi Arabian Energy Minister Khalid al-Falih, is seen after the OPEC 14th Meeting of the Joint Ministerial Monitoring Committee in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, May 19, 2019. REUTERS/Waleed Ali VIENNA (Reuters) - Saudi Energy Minister Khalid al-Falih said on Sunday that OPEC and its allies led by Russia would most likely extend their oil output-cutting deal by nine months and that no deeper reductions were needed. “I think most likely a nine-month extension,” Falih told reporters when asked about Saudi preferences. Asked about a deeper cut, he said: “I don’t think the market needs that.” “Demand is softening a little bit but I think it’s still healthy,” he said, adding that he expected the market to balance in the next six to nine months. Russia has agreed with Saudi Arabia to extend the deal with OPEC, Russian President Vladimir Putin said earlier, as oil prices come under renewed pressure from rising U.S. supplies and a slowing global economy. Oil ministers from the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries meet on Monday in Vienna, followed by talks with non-OPEC oil producers on Tuesday.	null	-1	null	6
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,324,931	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Former Vice President Joe Biden told black leaders to “move beyond” the issue of busing to desegregate public schools ahead of his first presidential run. Biden, who is facing controversy for praising segregationists, made the comments during a July 1986 speech to the NAACP’s annual convention in Baltimore, Maryland. At the time, Biden was a 43-year-old U.S. Senator from Delaware with a somewhat controversial record on busing. He appeared in front of the NAACP because he was planning to run for president in 1988, something he confirmed privately to the group’s leadership, and was hoping to garner support. Biden began his remarks by telling those in attendance he wasn’t going to mince words about the state of the civil rights movement. “I come today not to seek your approval, but to tell you what’s on my mind,” Biden said, adding that some of those in attendance “might not like all” he had to say. “The bitter, but the honest truth is that for a decade our cause has been stalling,” he said. “We all know in our hearts that we’ve made some mistakes. For when our priorities were access, accommodation, education, and voting we triumphed. All America stood with us.” Biden said the situation, however, had changed dramatically in the last decade and many, including himself, “allowed the agenda to drift from these goals.” “Busing and quotas became the priorities and our enemies on the right used these initiatives to regain the initiative,” he said. “To the nation, they cast the civil rights debate in terms of black children being able to move ahead only if white children were forced to slide behind.” Citing affirmative action, busing, and preferential hiring practices, Biden said the “right” had “convinced “the fair minded middle class white” that progress for African Americans only came at their expense. “With that they drove a wedge — the wedge had been driven, the movement began to stall, and our enemies seized control of the agenda,” he said. Biden, though, did not address his role in driving that “wedge.” When Biden was first elected to the Senate in 1972, he surprised many by siding with Southern segregationist Democrats against civil rights advocates on busing. Biden told a local Delaware newspaper during his first term that busing was “asinine” and he would support a constitutional amendment to ensure it was eliminated. He expressed that busing, if allowed to continue, would only aggravate racial tensions in America. “The real problem with busing,” he said, is that “you take people who aren’t racist, people who are good citizens, who believe in equal education and opportunity, and you stunt their children’s intellectual growth by busing them to an inferior school . . . and you’re going to fill them with hatred.” Biden’s legislative record shows he was a stringent opponent of busing in both a narrow and broad sense. In 1976, Biden supported a law by Sen. Robert Byrd (D-WV, a former member of the Ku Klux Klan, to prohibit federal funds from being used to transport students beyond the school closest to their homes. The following year, he introduced legislation to prohibit the federal government from desegregating schools by redistricting and school “clustering.” Biden’s biggest contribution, however, was to grant respectability and legitimacy to the case against busing. For most of the late-1960s, the leading voices on the issue were segregationist Southern Democrats like Sen. James Eastland (D-MS), Gov. George Wallace (D-AL), and Sen. Herman Talmadge (D-GA). Even though their arguments were grounded in “states’ rights,” most of the public saw the issue as an extension of segregation. Biden, on the other hand, because he was young, liberal, and not a Southerner, could claim opposition to busing was not influenced by race. Biden, acknowledged as much during a 1975 interview with National Public Radio in which he discussed the issue. “I think that part of the reason why much of this has not developed, much of the change has not developed, is because it has been an issue that has been in the hands of the racist,” he said. “We liberals have out-of-hand rejected it because, if George Wallace is for it, it must be bad.” “And so we haven’t really looked at it,” Biden continued. “Now there’s a confluence of streams. There is academic ferment against it — not majority, but academic ferment against it. There are young blacks and young white leaders against it.” At the same time Biden was fighting against busing, black leaders within the civil rights movement were on the opposite side. Instead of addressing that history, however, Biden told the NAACP in 1986 it was not necessary to dwell on past divisions. “We need not deal with our mistakes of the past or our past differences,” he said. “Whatever our past differences, we all know they were disagreements over tactics, not over principles.” Biden, who just a few months prior had downplayed his stance on civil rights when courting voters in Alabama, urged the black leaders in attendance to “move beyond” issues like busing and confront more imminent challenges. “As we assemble here today, it seems to me that now we must move beyond our past mistakes and disagreements to confront the great danger that looms before us.” That “danger,” according to Biden, came from “extremists” in the the administration of then-President Ronald Reagan. “We in the room are all allies, engaged in all out of warfare with the right wing in this country,” he said. “Extremists who intend not merely to end the gains made by the civil rights in education, in housing, in voting, and in public accommodation. And the gains we were beginning to make on the greater equal economic opportunity questions.” “These right wingers intend not just to slow down our progress, they mean to end it, to reverse it,” he added. Biden proceeded to accuse the administration of then-President Ronald Reagan of “waging a permanent… assault on the values and programs of a just America.” Through “executive fiat” and “packing the courts with ideological robots,” Biden said the president was working to dismantle civil rights. “This is not a disagreement on tactics, this is not a disagreement on the fringes, this is not about whether or not you’re for or against busing, this is about whether you’d be allowed to get on any bus,” he said. “These guys are playing for keeps and they mean it.” The 1986 speech comes into the spotlight after Biden faced criticism for his stance on busing from Sen. Kamala Harris (D-CA) at the first Democrat presidential on Thursday. “There was a little girl in California who was part of the second class to integrate her public schools, and she was bused to school every day. That little girl was me,” Harris said. “So I will tell you that on this subject, it cannot be an intellectual debate among Democrats. We have to take it seriously.” Biden tried to defend his record but only ended up inaccurately claiming he never offered praise for racists. On Friday, the former vice president attempted to once again clarify his position on busing and civil rights during a speech in Chicago, Illinois. “I heard and I listened to and I respect Senator Harris,” Biden said. “But we all know that 30 seconds and 60 seconds on a debate exchange can’t do justice to a lifetime committed to civil rights.”	null	-1	null	47
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	1,291,064	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	YAOUNDE (Reuters) - The leader of one of Cameroon’s main opposition parties was released by his captors on Saturday after being abducted by unidentified gunmen in the country’s restive Anglophone region a day earlier, his party said. Separatist rebels have been battling government forces for nearly two years over perceived marginalization of English speakers by the central African country’s Francophone-dominated government. John Fru Ndi, who heads the Social Democratic Front (SDF) and finished runner-up to President Paul Biya in the 2011 election, was taken from his home in the city of Bamenda on Friday, the second time in two months he had been kidnapped. Jean Robert Wafo, an SDF official, said in a statement that Fru Ndi had been released on Saturday evening. He provided no details about who had taken him or where he had been held. The SDF blamed his previous abduction in April, which lasted a few hours, on Anglophone secessionist rebels. The SDF has criticized Biya, who has served as president since 1982, for his handling of the crisis, but has not endorsed separatist demands for an independent English-speaking state. The United Nations estimates the conflict has killed about 1,800 people and displaced over 500,000 since 2017.	null	-1	null	8
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	17,831,320	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Image caption Avoiding the topic of Mr Corbyn's health, the Observer focuses on Labour MPs calling for him to "get a grip" on issues within his party or face losing a general election. Angela Rayner said she was "embarrassed" by her party's handling of MP Chris Williamson, who was suspended over comments about anti-Semitism two days after being readmitted to the party.	null	-1	null	2
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,764,336	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	(CNN) Sen. Elizabeth Warren, who does not usually speak about her faith on the campaign trail, talked at length on Saturday morning at the Rainbow/PUSH Coalition's annual convention in Chicago about the role her faith plays in the decisions she's made in her life. After being introduced by the Rev. Jesse Jackson, who founded the coalition, Warren told a story to the audience about teaching Bible study to fifth graders and read a passage that she said has led many of the decisions and policies she's crafted since entering office. The Massachusetts senator, who has said she practices the Methodist faith, read the King James version of passage Matthew 25 to cheers and applause from the crowd. "For me there are three lessons in that passage," she said. "The first is there is God in every one of us. There is God in every one of us. Not God just in those who look like the Lord, God in every one of us. There is God in the children, there is God in the hungry, there is God in those who are in prison." She continued: "As I traveled this country and I hear from the American people they share their struggles, they share their fears, they share their concerns but the people know what is right and they are ready to act. They know that they have been called for such a time as this. And they are willing to step up, I am here today to say that none of us is alone in this fight. When I am president, we will answer this call together." Read More	null	-1	null	14
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	2,437,464	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	OSAKA/VIENNA (Reuters) - Russia has agreed with Saudi Arabia to extend by six to nine months a deal with OPEC on reducing oil output, Russian President Vladimir Putin said, as oil prices come under renewed pressure from rising U.S. supplies and a slowing global economy. Russia's President Vladimir Putin shakes hands with Saudi Arabia's Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman during a meeting on the sidelines of the G20 Summit in Osaka, Japan June 29, 2019. Yuri Kadobnov/Pool via REUTERS Saudi Energy Minister Khalid al-Falih said on Sunday that the deal would most likely be extended by nine months and no deeper reductions were needed. Putin, speaking after talks with Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, told a news conference the deal - which is due to expire on Sunday - would be extended in its current form and with the same volumes. The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, Russia and other producers, an alliance known as OPEC+, meet on July 1-2 to discuss the deal, which involves curbing oil output by 1.2 million barrels per day (bpd). The United States, the world’s largest oil producer ahead of Russia and Saudi Arabia, is not participating in the pact. “We will support the extension, both Russia and Saudi Arabia. As far as the length of the extension is concerned, we have yet to decide whether it will be six or nine months. Maybe it will be nine months,” said Putin, who met the crown prince on the sidelines of a G20 summit in Japan. Falih, arriving in Vienna for the OPEC+ talks, told reporters when asked about Saudi preferences: “I think most likely a nine-month extension.” Asked about a deeper cut, Falih said: “I don’t think the market needs that.” “Demand is softening a little bit but I think it’s still healthy,” the Saudi minister said, adding that he expected the market to balance in the next six to nine months. A nine-month extension would mean the deal runs out in March 2020. Russia’s consent means the OPEC+ group may have a smooth meeting if OPEC’s third-largest producer Iran also endorses the arrangement. New U.S. sanctions on Iran have reduced its exports to a trickle as Washington seeks to change what it calls a “corrupt” regime in Tehran. Iran has denounced the sanctions as illegal and says the White House is run by “mentally retarded” people. Kirill Dmitriev, chief executive of the Russian Direct Investment Fund who helped design the OPEC-Russia deal, said the pact in place since 2017 had lifted Russian budget revenues by more than 7 trillion rubles ($110 billion). “The strategic partnership within OPEC+ has led to the stabilization of oil markets and allows both to reduce and increase production depending on the market demand conditions, which contributes to the predictability and growth of investments in the industry,” Dmitriev said. Benchmark Brent crude has climbed more than 25% since the start of 2019. But prices could stall as a slowing global economy squeezes demand and U.S. oil floods the market, a Reuters poll of analysts found. “WHO NEEDS AN OPEC MEETING?” Falih said the new deal would help reduce global oil stocks, balance the market and spur investments in future energy supplies. “The agreement confirms that the Saudi-Russian partnership paved the way to guarantee the interest of producers and consumers and the continued growth of the global economy,” Falih tweeted. That Russia and Saudi Arabia effectively announced the deal before the OPEC gatherings will likely anger smaller members of the organization, who feel sidelined. “Who needs an OPEC meeting?,” one delegate said after learning about the headlines from the Russia-Saudi talks. Some delegates said Iran might still put up a fight on Monday. Russia’s Energy Minister Alexander Novak said he believed most OPEC members including Iran have already expressed support to extend the output-cutting deal. Slideshow (5 Images) He said it may be wise to extend the agreement by nine rather than six months to avoid raising output during weak seasonal demand. “It might make sense to keep the deal in place during the winter period,” he told reporters.	null	-1	null	26
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,324,146	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Journalist Andy Ngo was assaulted by Antifa protestors in Portland Saturday afternoon, according to video taken of part of the assault and Ngo himself. First skirmish I’ve seen. Didn’t see how this started, but @MrAndyNgo got roughed up. pic.twitter.com/hDkfQchRhG — Jim Ryan (@Jimryan015) June 29, 2019 The video showed Ngo, editor of Quilette, being punched and kicked by masked assailants dressed in black and then being hit by various containers of liquid as he is retreating. He later live-streamed a video of himself describing the assault. His face is scratched and he has blood on his neck. A police officer is heard interviewing him on the livestream. “I just got beat up by the crowd, with no police at all, in the middle of the street,” Ngo said during the livestream. “Where the hell were all of you,” he is heard asking the police officer. He is also heard saying he was assaulted twice earlier in the day, and reported both incidents to the police with no response. He said he was hit by milkshakes and hit on the back of his head as well. Portland Police Department tweeted for protestors to disperse or be subject to arrest or use of force. PPB advising this is now a civil disturbance and unlawful assembly. If you do not disperse, you are subject to arrest or use of force. — Portland Police (@PortlandPolice) June 29, 2019 Ngo is known for covering the far left and is often targeted by the left for his reporting. The day before the planned protest, he expressed fears of being singled out and assaulted: I am nervous about tomorrow’s Portland antifa rally. They’re promising “physical confrontation” & have singled me out to be assaulted. I went on Tucker Carlson last year to explain why I think they’re doing this: They’re seeking meaning through violence. https://t.co/kpkESjsOmI pic.twitter.com/J45MMshyyK — Andy Ngo (@MrAndyNgo) June 28, 2019 Michelle Malkin started a GoFundMe account for Ngo to help him replace his equipment and medical bills. She also provided an update on his condition: UPDATE 7:15pm Eastern: Andy is in the ER with a trusted friend. Attackers tore his ear lobe and you can see the injuries he sustained to his face and neck. Please keep sending messages of encouragement with your much appreciated donations to keep his spirits up and let him know how much his journalism matters. The Portland Police Department tweeted after the assault that it received information that some of the milkshakes being thrown by protestors contained “quick-drying cement”: Police have received information that some of the milkshakes thrown today during the demonstration contained quick-drying cement. We are encouraging anyone hit with a substance today to report it to police. — Portland Police (@PortlandPolice) June 29, 2019 Update: Anybody know who these thugs are pictured? They participated in the “milkshaking” assaults that landed client @MrAndyNgo in the hospital overnight (at least) with a brian bleed. This criminal conspiracy needs to be investigated, stopped, punished. https://t.co/7H3Wti1nJu — Harmeet K. Dhillon (@pnjaban) June 30, 2019 This story is developing.	null	-1	null	28
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,017,202	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	But there were some striking similarities between the French camps and our own. Consider a 1940 letter from a kindergarten teacher interned at Gurs. “Imagine, if you can, our camp with about 700 children under the age of 18,” she wrote. “The youngest is 2 months old. We don’t even know the names of the parents of many of these children. These children do not understand why they are shut up in this terrible camp now. We can’t give them enough food, we can’t wash them, and they can’t even play but must sit about freezing in the cold, dark and dirty barracks.” Reading this, I couldn’t help thinking of Clint, where the young detainees, ranging in age from a few months to 17 years old, were separated from their parents with no idea if or when they’d see them again. Kids of all ages received the same scant rations — instant oatmeal, instant noodles, a frozen burrito for dinner — and were reported to be hungry. Children as young as 8 were caring for toddlers, some of whom lacked diapers. All were living in filth, without soap or toothbrushes. Many caught the flu. In certain ways, compared to the French camps, conditions in our detainment centers are actually worse. One refugee in France complained about not having fat in which to cook his fresh vegetables. Our young detainees have no fresh produce at all. Unlike in Clint, where the kids weren’t even given toothbrushes, inmates at Rivesaltes Camp in France had access to a dentist (though, as a letter-writer points out, the dentist had to work without a drill). At Gurs, women and children at least had beds or cots, and “coverlets” that were “sufficient in number,” while children in Clint have been sleeping on the floor in freezing cells, coverless, the lights kept on at all hours. One inmate at Les Milles, the mother of a sick child, wrote that life in the camp was “terrible for me, and for my poor little boy, who had to witness such abominable scenes.” Amid the misery, one can’t help but note that at least she was caring for her own child, and that the sick boy had the comfort of his mother’s presence. The inmates in France also had access to the outside world. They wrote letters, and well-wishers sent gifts — a package wrapping preserved in Fry’s archives, addressed to an inmate at Vernet, is marked “cadeau.” The border station in Clint, on the other hand, has turned away gifts of food, diapers and clothes.	null	-1	null	19
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,055,502	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	The move left Ms. Pelosi’s natural allies in the House’s Hispanic and progressive caucuses stunned and feeling betrayed. “Since when did the Problem Solvers Caucus become the Child Abuse Caucus?” Mr. Pocan said on Twitter. Representatives Max Rose, Democrat of New York, and Dean Phillips, Democrat of Minnesota, were later seen angrily confronting him on the House floor. Representative Raúl M. Grijalva, Democrat of Arizona and a former co-chairman of the Congressional Progressive Caucus, said the episode left him “very resentful,” and feeling as if the moderates had essentially forced the House to silence its natural inclinations. “I just hope that in forcing us to do nothing, they don’t feel like they’ve actually accomplished anything,” Mr. Grijalva said. “I don’t know what the motivation was, to try to assert some power or what, but in the future, we shouldn’t hesitate bringing our agenda and our legislation forward because it might offend 23 or 24” centrists. The episode also exposed divisions among the moderates themselves. On the House floor on Thursday, about 10 moderate freshman Democrats huddled near the marble dais, arguing about the way forward. One lawmaker said if they sided with the other party in a bid to force the House to consider the weaker Senate bill, “we might as well be Republicans,” according to one person familiar with the exchange who described it on the condition of anonymity. Representative Abigail Spanberger, Democrat of Virginia, grew red-faced and emotional during the exchange, and stormed off the House floor, returning a short time later and accepting an embrace from Representative Katie Porter, Democrat of California. Both ultimately supported the bill. It was a version of a point that had been made, in much gentler fashion, during floor remarks by Representative Jim McGovern, Democrat of Massachusetts and the chairman of the Rules Committee. He warned that the procedural move the moderates were threatening to join “is a vote to give control of the House floor to the Republicans.” But the moderates said they had done the party a favor, getting the House to the only tenable position as quickly as possible.	null	-1	null	13
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,065,780	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	WASHINGTON — In January, a reporter contacted the nascent Biden campaign to request an interview. She wanted to ask the former vice president about lingering criticisms that were bound to come up on the trail: how, as a senator, he failed Anita Hill; his lead role in the 1994 crime bill; his vote for the Iraq war; his mixed record on abortion rights; his handsy ways; the hot mess that is Hunter. And that little girl was me. I was promptly rejected for an on-the-record sit-down. Talking to some in the Biden circle, I sensed a myopia. They seemed to think they could blow past the past, walling off the candidate and ignoring the imbroglios that were obvious fodder for the pack of hungry Democrats and the rapacious president who would soon be in full cry after the front-runner. Not deigning to talk to the press to explain bad decisions to voters seemed more like Queen Hillary than Uncle Joe. Even David Axelrod, who favored Biden as Barack Obama’s running mate, has said that it is “not a tenable strategy” to meet the press only when you are rolled out to try to explain some embarrassing gaffe. It was also a bad sign, after Biden got in trouble for bragging at a fund-raiser about working with segregationist senators, that the candidate’s advisers trash-talked him to The Washington Post, saying they had warned him to use a less toxic example of bipartisanship.	null	-1	null	9
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,036,203	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	To the Editor: Re “Six Female Candidates, One Unrelenting Refrain” (front page, July 4): Your article poses the question, “Do you really think a woman could be elected president ?” In 2016 voters favored the woman candidate by more than three million votes. Women powered the Democratic success in the 2018 midterms, as candidates, campaign workers and voters. The 2020 election will be decided by women, African-Americans and young voters, all of whom are prepared to vote for a woman. Hillary Clinton did not lose in 2016 because she is a woman. She lost because she ran a terrible campaign, ignoring rural and working-class voters. The answer to the question is “yes.” William Archer Brown Gaithersburg, Md. To the Editor: All candidates have some “I don’t think she/he can win” issues, whether it is being female, gay, old, a person of color, white or unlikable. Almost no one thought either Donald Trump or Barack Obama had a chance at the beginning of their runs for president (and in Mr. Trump’s case, up until Election Day). We need to determine the differences among all of the candidates in order to figure out whom to support in the primaries. And we need to find out who we think can best handle Mr. Trump in a debate and handle all that he and his people will try to throw at any Democratic candidate.	null	-1	null	10
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	52,871,601	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Fears Of Far-Right Terror In Germany The killing of a prominent German politician and the arrest of his confessed killer, who has links to a far-right network, has raised fears of far-right terrorism in Germany. Fears Of Far-Right Terror In Germany Europe Fears Of Far-Right Terror In Germany Fears Of Far-Right Terror In Germany Audio will be available later today. The killing of a prominent German politician and the arrest of his confessed killer, who has links to a far-right network, has raised fears of far-right terrorism in Germany. Friday, June 28th, 2019 Listen · 13:54 13:54 Up First NPR's Up First is the news you need to start your day. The biggest stories and ideas — from politics to pop culture — in 10 minutes. NPR thanks our sponsors Become an NPR sponsor	null	-1	null	6
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	52,985,768	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Scientists Study Human Cancer Genes In Plants There are human cancer genes in plants. Scientists at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee are studying what they and other human genes are doing there. Scientists Study Human Cancer Genes In Plants Science Scientists Study Human Cancer Genes In Plants Scientists Study Human Cancer Genes In Plants Audio will be available later today. There are human cancer genes in plants. Scientists at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee are studying what they and other human genes are doing there. Friday, June 28th, 2019 Listen · 13:54 13:54 Up First NPR's Up First is the news you need to start your day. The biggest stories and ideas — from politics to pop culture — in 10 minutes. NPR thanks our sponsors Become an NPR sponsor	null	-1	null	8
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,049,250	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	CARACAS — A Venezuelan Navy captain accused by the government of plotting a rebellion has died in custody a week after his arrest, underlining President Nicolás Maduro’s increasingly ferocious repression campaign amid a spiraling economic crisis. The captain, Rafael Acosta, is the first of more than 100 active and retired Venezuelan officers jailed by the government on treason charges to die in custody after allegations of torture. A military judge told Captain Acosta’s legal team on Saturday that the officer had died in a military hospital the previous night, said his lawyer, Alonso Medina Roa. Captain Acosta was detained on June 21 and charged with treason and conspiring to rebel. He denied the charges. Mr. Medina Roa said the captain had been detained in good health but was in a wheelchair when he was brought into a courthouse on Friday. The lawyer said his client was struggling to speak or move, showed visible signs of beatings, and kept repeating the word “help” to his legal team.	null	-1	null	7
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,054,055	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	A Georgia newborn who defied the odds of survival after being abandoned in a plastic bag in the woods is winning over the hearts of prospective parents, hundreds of whom have offered to adopt her, the head of a state adoption agency said Friday. Tom C. Rawlings, the director of Georgia’s Division of Family and Children Services, said there had been more than 700 adoption inquiries since deputies with the Forsyth County Sheriff’s Office found the infant on June 6. That is in addition to 200 families who were already on an adoption waiting list maintained by the state, he said. “I even had somebody message me on LinkedIn,” Mr. Rawlings said. “This is an amazing outpouring of love. She’s a precious, beautiful, little child.” The baby’s dramatic rescue, which was captured on a body camera by the sheriff’s office and posted on YouTube, had been viewed more than 1.3 million times as of Friday night.	null	-1	null	6
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,046,440	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	WASHINGTON — A day after agreeing to resume trade talks with China, President Trump and his top advisers said no timeline existed for reaching a deal and suggested that the two sides remained as far apart as they were when talks broke up in May. The comments came as the administration continued to ease restrictions on China, removing eight companies from the Commerce Department’s blacklist and taking steps to allow Huawei, the Chinese telecommunications giant, to purchase American technology. Those steps, while welcomed by American businesses, fueled concerns among some lawmakers that Mr. Trump was giving away too much in return for vague promises from President Xi Jinping of China to buy more American goods. “We’re moving along toward a reciprocal but a good trade deal, a fair trade deal,” Mr. Trump said of China during remarks in Seoul, South Korea, on Sunday. “And we’ll see where that goes, but we had a very, very good feelings with President Xi and myself.” The truce reached at the Group of 20 summit in Osaka, Japan, over the weekend will forestall another round of punishing tariffs Mr. Trump had threatened to impose on nearly all Chinese imports. But it did little to resolve the Trump administration’s primary concerns, including its insistence that China agree to codify intellectual property protections and other changes in Chinese law.	null	-1	null	6
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	18,369,395	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Video Momentum's Adam Klug says he expects Labour to win an election which he reckons will soon be called. In a personal film for This Week, he spoke of an "extraordinary comeback" that has led to a "strong and united" Labour Party. And he said: "It’s now time for parts of the media that have demonised Momentum to recognise that Jeremy Corbyn’s vision for Labour, which we support, is popular across the country. " UK viewers can watch the programme in full	null	-1	null	4
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	17,874,678	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Video Every year, thousands attend the Pink Dot rally in Singapore to show their support for LGBT rights. But while gay pride parades are huge events elsewhere, Pink Dot has come under increasing restrictions in the tightly controlled city-state. It remains confined to a tiny park despite its exponential growth. This year for the first time foreigners are not allowed to attend and foreign companies cannot sponsor the event. Video by the BBC's Tessa Wong and Simon Atkinson.	null	-1	null	5
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	17,847,600	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Video Three Labour frontbenchers have been sacked for defying Jeremy Corbyn and backing an amendment to the Queen's Speech calling for the UK to stay in the single market after Brexit. Wes Streeting, the Labour MP for Illford North, was one of 50 MPs who rebelled. He told Radio 4's World at One he was "surprised and disappointed" at Labour's position. Mr Streeting said "I don't believe Labour can achieve its objectives of tariff-free, barrier-free access to the single market and a jobs first Brexit, outside of membership of the single market". He suggested that lots of Labour party members and supporters "will be disappointed by our position on the single market".	null	-1	null	5
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	18,416,636	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Video Angela Merkel’s government has passed a law that obliges social media companies including Facebook and Google to remove hate speech and other illegal content within very short timeframes, or face fines worth tens of millions of euros. The law was passed on the last day of parliamentary business before the summer break and is one of the most punitive measures of its kind in the world. Human rights groups are concerned it may go too far, as Joe Miller explains.	null	-1	null	3
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,006,371	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	But a senior United States official involved in North Korean policy said there was no way to know if North Korea would agree to this. In the past, he said, its negotiators have insisted that only Mr. Kim himself could define what dismantling Yongbyon meant. To make any deal work, the North would have to agree to include many facilities around the country, among them a covert site called Kangson, which is outside Yongbyon and is where American and South Korean intelligence agencies believe the country is still producing uranium fuel. A president embarking on a re-election campaign — and who complained repeatedly on Sunday that he receives no credit from the media for de-escalating tensions with North Korea and for the freeze on underground nuclear tests and test-launches of intercontinental ballistic missiles — would most likely cast this as a victory, as another restraint on Mr. Kim. It would help Mr. Trump argue that he is making progress, albeit slowly, on one of the world’s most intractable crises. And it would be progress after three face-to-face meetings — first in Singapore a little more than a year ago, then in Hanoi, then in an hourlong discussion at the DMZ on Sunday — that have produced warm exchanges but no shared definitions of what it meant to denuclearize the Korean Peninsula. A year after that first meeting, the North has yet to turn over an inventory of what it possesses, claiming that would give the United States a map of military targets. Presumably, Mr. Trump’s freeze would have to be a permanent one, or he will have gotten less from Mr. Kim than President Barack Obama got from Iran in a deal Mr. Trump dismissed as “disastrous.” And even a successful freeze would constitute a major retreat from the goal of the “rapid denuclearization of North Korea, to be completed by January 2021,” as Mr. Pompeo put it last fall. But it does have the benefit of being vastly more achievable. More than two years ago, on his first trip to Seoul, Secretary of State Rex W. Tillerson rejected a similar idea. He said it would “leave North Korea with significant capabilities that would represent a true threat, not just to the region, but to American forces, as well.”	null	-1	null	11
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,056,229	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	More broadly, the U.S. remained the biggest market for I.P.O.s. Overall, 467 companies went public worldwide during the first half of 2019, raising $63 billion. Nearly half of those proceeds came from companies listing on U.S. exchanges — the country’s best showing since 2014. But Europe disappointed. I.P.O. volume there tumbled: Just 42 companies listed shares on European exchanges during the first six months of the year, raising $10 billion. That’s the fewest companies since 2009 and the least raised since 2011. And there was one notable non-I.P.O. The messaging company Slack eschewed convention and chose a direct listing, in which companies enter the public market but do not issue new shares or raise additional capital. The success of its listing (its shares rose about 50 percent on the first day of trading) and of Spotify’s (which went public through a direct listing last year) mean we can probably expect to see more of this in the future. Morgan Stanley topped the rankings of I.P.O. bookrunners globally, followed by Goldman Sachs and JPMorgan. Citigroup and Bank of America rounded out the top 5. M.&.A. bounces back Deal making rebounded strongly in the first half of the year, thanks mainly to a slew of transactions ringing in above the $10 billion mark. It was the third-strongest first half on record. The total value of global transactions increased 15 percent from the final six months of 2018, to about $2 trillion, according to data from Refinitiv. But it was down 12 percent compared to the first six months of 2018. • So-called megamergers, which are valued at $10 billion or more, accounted for 42 percent of the total.	null	-1	null	19
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	52,913,454	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Trump's Foreign Policy Lulu Garcia-Navarro talks with former Ambassador Wendy Sherman about President Trump's foreign policy moves over the past week.	null	-1	null	1
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	52,881,698	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	'We Are Entitled To Freedom': Hong Kong Protesters Forge On A series of protests rocked Hong Kong this month. Hundreds of thousands of demonstrators are expected to use the anniversary of Hong Kong's reversion to China as an occasion to continue protests.	null	-1	null	2
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	52,922,524	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Immigration Lawyer On Family Separations At The Border NPR's Lulu Garcia-Navarro talks to Efren Olivares, an attorney who is representing separated families.	null	-1	null	1
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	52,881,945	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Trump's Historic Meeting With North Korea Leader Is Propaganda Bait, Expert Says MICHEL MARTIN, HOST: We're going to start the program today with news that happened while most of us in the U.S. were asleep. President Trump traveled to the demilitarized zone between North and South Korea, shook hands with North Korean leader Kim Jong Un and then stepped over the concrete slab that marks the borderline between the Koreas, becoming the first sitting U.S. president to set foot in North Korean territory. (SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED RECORDING) PRESIDENT DONALD TRUMP: This is my honor. I didn't really expect it. We were in Japan for the G-20. We came over, and I said, hey. I'm over here. I want to call up Chairman Kim. And we got to meet, and stepping across that line was a great honor. A lot of progress has been made. A lot of friendships have been made, and this has been in particular a great friendship. MARTIN: Afterwards, Trump and Kim met for about an hour on the southern side of the border, and Trump announced that the two leaders would restart nuclear disarmament talks. Joining me now to tell us more about this is Jean Lee. She is the director of the Korea program at the Woodrow Wilson Center in Washington, D.C. Jean Lee, welcome back. Thank you so much for joining us. JEAN LEE: Hello. MARTIN: So first of all, let me just fact-check something. This is being presented as impromptu. It seems that that's not really possible, given the intense security apparatus, you know, on that border. But, having said that, like, what is the relevance of President Trump stepping across the line into North Korean territory? Symbolically, what's the weight of this? LEE: It is historic. It will be the first time a U.S. president has done this while in office. I think it's also notable that it's probably setting a record in terms of how to - how quickly he can organize a little mini-summit like this. But I have to say, it wasn't a surprise to me. There have been signals for a couple weeks, so I suspected that they would use this trip to Asia as an occasion to reach out to Kim Jong Un. So if you're paying close attention to North Korea, it won't come as a surprise. But absolutely, the part about stepping over - there are reasons for why presidents past have not done that. You're giving Kim Jong Un this amazing propaganda moment. And you saw all the North Korean state media, the photographers, the producers, the video cameras that were there. They're going to milk it. And he's going to be able to take that back to his people and prove to them that his decisions have been right all along. MARTIN: So the president - President Trump talked to reporters and said that he hoped - something to the effect of - I'm not quoting him exactly, but something to the effect that he hoped this would restart something more substantive. Now, these - just to remind people, these two leaders have attempted talks before, most recently in Hanoi, Vietnam in February. The meetings have come and have had a lot of fanfare, but there has not been much progress toward an agreement. Analysts have a lot of different opinions as to why. But what is your sense about the opportunity to restart some substantive talks? LEE: In a sense, this is going about it completely the opposite of the way we've seen diplomacy under past presidents. But this is a very different presidency under Donald Trump, and he uses his personal diplomacy as the main driver of his foreign policy. He has brought us to this point where he is making it very personal. That's a good thing - that he's met with him, and that may kickstart negotiations, that they talked about setting up these negotiating teams and having them sit down in the next couple of weeks. But we need more than that. We need more than just these photo ops. We need for these two teams to really have some solid quality time because the negotiations are going to be extremely difficult. MARTIN: So the lines of kind of a Trump doctrine are, in a way, emerging - based a lot on kind of personal relationship, based a lot on creating unexpected moments, right? And also, basically, assuring people who have appalling human rights records that the U.S. is not going to take an interest in that as long as U.S. interests as defined by him are met. OK, so those are sort of the broad outlines of the Trump doctrine. But last year, the president withdrew the U.S. from the Iran nuclear deal. This was the agreement reached in 2015 to lift sanctions on Iran in exchange for Tehran stopping its nuclear activities. A number of analysts have said, well, the problem here is not just that agreement but what it signals to others about whether the U.S. can be trusted to keep its word. Is that something that would play a role in North Korea's negotiations with the U.S. going forward? LEE: Absolutely. Trust me, the North Koreans are paying attention to everything in terms of the U.S. relationship with other countries, including Iran and a couple of years ago Libya. When I was there, we had a lot of conversations about Libya. And so, trust me, they are paying close attention to what happens to countries that give up their nuclear weapons. And so that's going to make it harder to nail this deal down because the North Koreans are going to do their best to ensure that they're not going to give up too much too soon. MARTIN: Do you mind if I ask? As one of the very few who's spent time in North Korea - you are the former Korean bureau chief for The Associated Press. You opened the first U.S. News bureau in Pyongyang, North Korea in 2012. Do you - forgive me for asking for sort of a personal reaction, but, you know, I know that you stayed up all night to watch these events unfold, and I just have to ask what it was like for you, I mean, as a person who has spent time there. Is this something you thought that you would see? LEE: I'm not surprised because I've been following it so closely. And I have to say that when President Trump was campaigning in 2016, there were signs even back then that he was going to be a very different president if he were elected when it comes to North Korea policy. And there was a part of me back then that was both a little afraid but also looking forward to what could happen if he were to upend this whole process. But I had a lot of concerns. I want the best for the North Korean people and the South Koreans, frankly. And I want to make sure that the decision-making by the Trump administration watches out for their interests rather than some sort of short-term foreign policy victory. And, to be honest, it's a very complicated question when you think about what is absolutely best for the North Korean people, and it might be different than what is best for either leader. So I have mixed feelings about it. I both support the fact that he's reaching out and engaging Kim Jong Un because it's much better to have him close rather than to have him off on his own doing whatever he wants. But it's also - it also makes me uncomfortable that we are legitimizing somebody who does still maintain repressive and very totalitarian policies against his people. So mixed feelings, but hopeful that the working-level negotiators that President Trump did empower will be able to carry out their roles and will be able to come to some sort of deal that will constrain that nuclear program. MARTIN: That's Jean Lee. She's the director of the Hyundai Motor-Korea Foundation Center for Korean History and Public Policy at the Woodrow Wilson Center. She's the former Korea bureau chief for The Associated Press. She opened, as we said, the first U.S. news bureau in Pyongyang, North Korea in 2012. She was kind enough to join us in our studios in Washington, D.C., after a very long night. Jean Lee, thank you so much for talking to us. LEE: Time to take a nap. Copyright © 2019 NPR. All rights reserved. Visit our website terms of use and permissions pages at www.npr.org for further information. NPR transcripts are created on a rush deadline by Verb8tm, Inc., an NPR contractor, and produced using a proprietary transcription process developed with NPR. This text may not be in its final form and may be updated or revised in the future. Accuracy and availability may vary. The authoritative record of NPR’s programming is the audio record.	null	-1	null	86
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	17,934,308	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Video Many believe it would be hard to limit people from EU states settling in the UK if it were to remain in the EU's single market after Brexit. But there are rules that do give states some powers, as Catherine Barnard, professor of European Union law at the University of Cambridge, explains looking at Belgium, Norway, Liechtenstein and Switzerland. Watch the programme in full	null	-1	null	3
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	18,414,440	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Video The mayor of New York, Bill de Blasio, says the shooting at a hospital in the Bronx borough of New York that killed one and injured six was "not an act of terrorism."	null	-1	null	1
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	52,890,950	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Trump Meets Kim At DMZ President Trump met with North Korean leader Kim Jong Un Sunday and said the two countries would revive stalled nuclear talks.	null	-1	null	1
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	52,994,752	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	A Former Child Interned Protests Against Detention Of Migrant Children Lulu Garcia-Navarro talks with Chizu Omori, who was forced as a child to move to an internment camp for Japanese-Americans. She's now protesting detention of immigrant children in the U.S. A Former Child Interned Protests Against Detention Of Migrant Children National A Former Child Interned Protests Against Detention Of Migrant Children A Former Child Interned Protests Against Detention Of Migrant Children Audio will be available later today. Lulu Garcia-Navarro talks with Chizu Omori, who was forced as a child to move to an internment camp for Japanese-Americans. She's now protesting detention of immigrant children in the U.S. Friday, June 28th, 2019 Listen · 13:54 13:54 Up First NPR's Up First is the news you need to start your day. The biggest stories and ideas — from politics to pop culture — in 10 minutes. NPR thanks our sponsors Become an NPR sponsor	null	-1	null	6
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,084,891	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	To the Editor: Re “After Twitter Overture, Trump and Kim Meet on North Korean Soil” (front page, July 1): President Trump has but one talent: He knows that doing something no one else has ever done or ever would do will garner breathless worldwide coverage and stoke his ego. After all, how could a responsible media fail to cover unpreceden ted events, even when it knows that it’s being played like a Stradivarius? What Mr. Trump fails to grasp is that other leaders would never do these things for very good reasons. This gambit will end like those before: When the klieg lights are off, when nuance, smarts and strategy are required, these efforts will collapse and perhaps leave us in a more dangerous position than we were. From here, this photo op looked like one step by a very small man. David D. Turner Coquimbo, Chile	null	-1	null	6
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,088,356	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Dozens of people in Hong Kong say they were injured by the police during a mass demonstration in June against a contentious bill that would allow extraditions to mainland China. The New York Times reviewed hundreds of videos and photos posted online by witnesses, along with submissions to our WhatsApp tip line, to assess whether the Hong Kong police used excessive force. Experts at Amnesty International, a human rights group, helped examine the footage. We spoke to specialists in crowd control and interviewed more than two dozen protesters. The videos show protesters being beaten by police officers, shot with riot-control ammunition, dragged on the ground and hit with tear gas during large-scale confrontations on June 12 near the headquarters of Hong Kong’s government. Their injuries included bruised ribs, broken fingers and respiratory problems. The authorities began to use force after a small group of protesters threw bricks, bottles and umbrellas at officers and attempted to push through rings of heavily armored police. But the protests were largely peaceful, and human rights groups have denounced the actions of the police as excessive and illegal. The British government, which ruled Hong Kong until its handover to mainland China in 1997, has demanded an investigation. Hong Kong officials say police officers acted with restraint. Here’s what the evidence shows. Violence Toward Unarmed Protesters In several instances, police officers beat protesters who posed no apparent threat. The video below shows Ng Ying-mo, 57, a retired mechanics instructor, walking within 12 yards of a police line outside government offices. He asks the police to stop provoking protesters. Then he begins yelling obscenities. An officer aims a gun, which weapons experts said was likely loaded with balls containing pepper spray, in the direction of Mr. Ng. A gunshot is heard, and then Mr. Ng is on the ground, clutching his lower abdomen. Three officers pick him up and carry him away.	null	-1	null	18
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,068,887	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	The real break came when the creators tried to refine Conficker’s already extraordinary cryptography. Months after Mr. Rivest submitted the MD6 proposal to N.I.S.T., a flaw was discovered, corrected and resubmitted. As with the original version, this correction was known only to a very small circle of elite cryptographers. The earliest versions of Conficker had employed the original, flawed version. When Conficker C appeared, it used the corrected one. This significantly narrowed the window during which Conficker’s creators had revisited either the M.I.T. or N.I.S.T. websites. Combing through the relatively few experts who used the websites just before Conficker C appeared, investigators found the IP address of smartsystem.com.ua — the address of a Ukrainian company that was the recipient of millions swindled by TrafficConverter.biz . It was a gotcha moment. On July 21, 2011, an F.B.I. agent, Norm Sanders, and Francis Franze-Nakamura, an assistant United States attorney, along with Ukrainian national police arrested three Ukrainians: Sergey Kamratov, Dmytro Volokitin and Yevgen Fatyeyev. They were insouciant men in their 30s who drove multimillion-dollar black Porsches and lived in penthouse apartments. They had met in school and were partners in smartsystems.com. Their company had more than 100 employees. Each claimed to earn the equivalent of only $30,000 annually — Mr. Kamratov said he was a schoolteacher. [If you’re online — and, well, you are — chances are someone is using your information. We’ll tell you what you can do about it. Sign up for our limited-run newsletter.] “There was more cash than that spread out on their kitchen counters,” said Mr. Sanders. Computers at their residences revealed direct links to smartsystem.com.ua, to TrafficConverter.biz and to the coding work and planning behind Conficker. The three were charged in Ukraine for failure to pay taxes on their illegal income, which was estimated in the tens of millions of dollars. I could not determine if they were prosecuted there, as my requests for information from Ukrainian authorities went unanswered. My suspicion is that they all were soon released and have gone back to work either for themselves or for the state. ( The Swede, Mikael Sallnert, was arrested in Denmark and extradited to the United States, where he pleaded guilty in 2012 and was sentenced to 48 months in prison. The fifth man, Victor Mauze, was named in the indictment but has not been prosecuted.) Malware in Ukraine is big business. Some e-crime companies have their own buildings in office parks, with salaried employees who show up for work every day wearing ID badges, collect health benefits and enjoy company picnics. The takedown of smartsystem.com.ua caused a significant but only temporary cessation of scareware; the criminals have moved on. Ransomware is the new plague, and it funnels money from victims by using Bitcoin and other anonymous payment methods. Because fewer victims know how to use such payment methods, the criminals try to make up the gap by raising the ransom fees tenfold from the old credit card days.	null	-1	null	31
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	52,870,924	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Trump's Historic Meeting With North Korea Leader Is Propaganda Bait, Expert Says NPR's Michel Martin speaks with Jean Lee, director of the Wilson Center's Hyundai Motor-Korea Foundation Center, about President Trump's meeting with North Korea leader Kim Jong Un.	null	-1	null	1
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,063,047	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	By the late 1980s, as a result of the AIDS crisis, the business of cryobanks was growing; frozen sperm was safer than the fresh sperm that doctors often procured to help infertile couples. The industry continued to develop throughout the 1990s as banks profited from global demand, a rise in single motherhood and the increasing acceptance of gay parenting. With the rise of the internet, banks could market directly to consumers via elaborate websites, advertising not just donors’ assets — their academic credentials, their celebrity-look-alike features, their height — but selling their willingness to be known. At California Cryobank, the standard arrangement allowed for a description of the donor and an answered questionnaire; but for additional fees, purchasers of sperm could also receive a voice recording of an interview and more extensive profiles. The business might have faltered around 2000, when improved reproductive technology meant that doctors could help more couples conceive, even if the male partner’s sperm count was low. Sperm banks started marketing more aggressively to single women and lesbian couples (and possibly helping to normalize that parenting in the process). Around that same time, the first children conceived via sperm donation started coming of age, people whose eventual agency and powerful curiosity the sperm banks and even the parents hadn’t fully considered. For many of those children, trying to reach out to their anonymous sperm donor was an exercise in frustration. “California Cryobank’s policy has always been to attempt to facilitate donor contact upon request of any 18-year-old offspring,” Scott Brown, vice president of communications for the bank, said. In fact, he later clarified, the effort to contact the donor often started — and ended — with a letter to the donor asking for an update of medical records. Only if the donor responded and re-established contact with the bank would he then learn that a biological child was trying to reach him, which meant that both he and his biological child were often left in the dark about who wanted what. The possibility of making that connection was over before it started. What the banks did not provide, at that point, was a way to connect half siblings from the same donor. In 2000, Ryan Kramer, a precocious 10-year-old, along with his mother, Wendy Kramer, created what would become the Donor Sibling Registry, a place where children like him could enter their donor numbers, seek out their biological fathers and possibly their biological half siblings. They were following the lead of Jane Mattes, the founder of Single Mothers by Choice, who in the mid-1990s started a forerunner to the registry. “At the time, I didn’t see it as political or feminist, but looking back, we took power into our own hands,” Mattes said in a recent interview. Unlike many infertile couples, these single mothers were hungry for openness because it provided community and family, Mattes says. Today, the Donor Sibling Registry matches about 1,000 people a year, a majority of whom are siblings. Although the Donor Sibling Registry requires that its users be 18 or have their parents’ permission, any parent who has used a donor can access the site or log onto any one of the sibling registries that various sperm banks have since established for their clients. (California Cryobank’s, for example, opened, in 2004.) Countless parents have reared their children, from birth, with photographic look books of half siblings or regular family reunions. For others, who have come to the registries later in life, they function as online revelation factories, sites where thousands have learned not only that they had half siblings but also that they had, in many cases, dozens of them. Over time the adoption movement popularized the principle that individuals had a right to know their biological roots, and lesbian couples and single mothers, dominating ever more of the sperm banks’ market, called for greater transparency. In the early 2000s, California Cryobank offered, for a premium fee, an option for parents to choose a donor who agreed not just to be contacted when the offspring turned 18 but to respond in some fashion (though still anonymously if that was his preference). By 2010, experts in reproductive technology were starting to note that internet searchability, facial-recognition software and the future of DNA testing would soon render anonymity a promise that the sperm banks could no longer keep. Since 2017, California Cryobank has stopped offering anonymity to its new donors. Donors now must agree to reveal their names to their offspring when they turn 18 and to have some form of communication to be mediated, at first, by the bank.	null	-1	null	27
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	18,441,706	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Video The reform grants couples who were limited to civil unions full marital rights, and allows them to adopt children. During her 2013 election campaign, Mrs Merkel argued against gay marriage on the grounds of "children's welfare," and admitted that she had a "hard time" with the issue.	null	-1	null	2
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,018,269	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Anti-haole sentiment Phil, Las Vegas: I grew up in Hawaii and look like many of your photos. If you’re haole there, it can be pretty rough. The Native Hawaiians have never forgiven what haole businesses did to their government in 1893, when Liliuokalani tried to draft a new constitution restoring the voting rights of the disenfranchised. Racism is truly horrible but put me down as that rare someone who experienced it by seeing it practiced on my white friends, for nothing they did. Some of them bent under that hatred, until they broke. Given my history, I can’t agree with the author that moving to Hawaii will make one less racist. Jill, Hong Kong: My parents moved to Hawaii 60 years ago from the mainland, as white as can be. They reached out and made friends — Japanese, Chinese, Filipino, all types. My mother learned how to make Hawaiian quilts and went to Japanese flower-arranging classes. She learned so much Hawaiian history that she is now barred from playing Hawaii Public Radio’s Hawaiian history quizzes. She still speaks with a Texan twang but has never been the target of anti-haole remarks or bullying. It takes effort to “live aloha,” but my parents instilled in us the desire and responsibility to do so. It’s my obligation to learn about the struggles of the people in Hong Kong, where I now live, and to support them in their quest for political freedoms. Hawaii taught me that. Velasquez-Manoff: Jonathan Okamura has interesting writings on prejudice against whites. He points out that white people can be perceived as either local (from Hawaii) or nonlocal and that may change how they’re treated, with more hostility directed toward those seen as nonlocal. I spoke with a white friend who grew up in Hawaii who said much the same. He added that nonlocal whites could adapt to local ways, learn a little pidgin, and then they’d be fine. I don’t want to discount anyone’s experience of hostility, of course, or blame the victim. No one should be made to feel belittled or scared just because of their skin color, including white people. All that said, Kristin Pauker has some data, still unpublished, suggesting that whites in Hawaii don’t actually experience more prejudice than do whites on the mainland. Something to take pride in Max Sugarman, New York: I am of Japanese, Chinese and Jewish descent and, luckily, my mom is from Hawaii. I grew up in a majority-white suburb of Seattle and never understood why I could not fit in. I now recognize that many of my interactions involved assumptions about my race and stereotypes about who I was. I was consistently boxed in by classmates, teachers, members of my synagogue, and even random people I met. Only when my family would visit Hawaii would I feel like all of those labels would wash off me. Race was not something to be ashamed of but to take pride in; not something to hide from but to live and consider. I was told the stories of how people in Hawaii banded together to overcome common challenges.	null	-1	null	28
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,005,533	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	“I’ll never set foot inside that place again,” said Keith van Eeden, who lives in Strand and was a loyal Spur customer for more than three decades, religiously taking his three children there on their birthdays. “Spur is only for blacks now,” Mr. van Eeden added. “They don’t want the whites.” The boycott began in 2017 when Spur sided with a black woman who was in a confrontation with a white man at a franchise in Johannesburg. But the continuing campaign against the chain — promoted by South Africa’s most prominent groups that advocate white-minority rights — reflects something more profound than lingering bitterness over that dispute. It’s a demonstration of a strong, and what appears to be a growing, sense of resentment among many white South Africans a quarter of a century after they lost political power, and the outrages and brutalities of apartheid were ended. In the May general elections to elect a new National Assembly, the party that enjoyed the biggest increase in its share of the vote was Freedom Front Plus — a small Afrikaner party fighting to repeal affirmative action policies for black South Africans. The party also opposes the African National Congress’s policy of expropriating white-owned land without compensation, which is not yet law. In the fight that started the boycott, caught on videos that went viral, the two customers are seen arguing over the behavior of their children. The white man yanks the arm of a black boy, before threatening to hit the black woman and trying to overturn a table where her small children were sitting.	null	-1	null	9
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,074,039	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Now, many Hindus are confident the land will remain in their hands. A 16th-century mosque, the Babri Masjid, once stood here, a reminder of India’s history under Mughal rule. In 1992, Hindu activists demolished the stone structure, spurred by the belief that Ram, a widely revered deity, was born thousands of years ago on the same spot. Monthslong religious riots followed, killing around 2,000 people. The question of what to do dragged in India’s courts. Hindu litigants pushed to erect a temple. Muslims vowed to rebuild the mosque. India’s identity as an inclusive and secular nation hung in the balance. Judges feared more bloodshed if they hinted at partiality, though a de facto solution has persisted: Men who destroyed the mosque erected a makeshift tent that approximated a Hindu temple. It still stands, drawing thousands of visitors every day. With the recent commanding election victory for Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s Bharatiya Janata Party, or B.J.P., many expect that the arrangement will be made permanent.	null	-1	null	11
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,027,012	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	NASHVILLE — It had been on the calendar for months, the annual leadership conference of the Alpha Kappa Alpha sorority. But the talk at the gathering of 8,000 women last weekend was about far more than the usual chapter building, catching up and breaking out outfits in the organization’s signature pink and green: Kamala Harris, who joined the sorority as a college student, had just resurrected the ghost of segregation and busing against former Vice President Joseph R. Biden in a Democratic presidential debate. The moment brought a sense of pride and some apprehension about what Ms. Harris’s campaign would hold. Younger members said Ms. Harris represented a hope for the future. “She just reminds me to be fearless in the pursuit of my goals,” said Shannon Burge, 31, a Denver sales manager. Older members said Ms. Harris’s challenge to Mr. Biden last week — over his opposition to busing during the 1970s — was evidence that years of sacrifice had not been in vain. “I went to segregated schools. I experienced integration. It wasn’t easy,” said Miriam Joyner-Smith, 59, who works in the insurance industry in Tampa. “We’re just excited and proud because she represents us well.”	null	-1	null	10
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,013,326	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	KANDAHAR, Afghanistan — When the Taliban overran the district center of Maruf in the southern Afghan province of Kandahar this year, the government resorted to a familiar tactic: Simply relocate the district office 25 miles to the south to say it had not fallen. From its new location, the government tried to offer basic services and even sent a team of election workers to register voters before presidential elections scheduled for September. But in the pre-dawn hours on Sunday, the Taliban, whose fighters had encircled the old center of Maruf for nearly two years, came for the new location — ramming as many as four vehicles packed with explosives into the government compound, leaving a trail of death and carnage. The casualty toll was not immediately clear, as the local authorities were characteristically reluctant to acknowledge the extent of the attack. But security officials in the province, as well as in the country’s capital, Kabul, put the number of dead, mostly police officers, at 34 to 50.	null	-1	null	5
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,056,836	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Want this column in your inbox? Sign up here. Here’s all the business and tech news you need to know for this hot, slow holiday week. Happy 4th of July! What’s Up? (June 23-29) The Border Crisis Hits Corporate America Recent reports described more appalling details about the detention centers on the southwestern border where the United States is holding thousands of migrant children (without clean clothes, regular adult supervision or, in some cases, access to basic hygiene). The resulting outcry prompted Congress to push through a $4.5 billion emergency aid package. It also mobilized employees at Wayfair, one of the country’s largest online retailers. Hundreds of workers walked out of the company’s Boston headquarters on Wednesday to protest Wayfair’s six-figure sale of bedroom furniture to a government contractor that operates several migrant facilities. The protesters said the transaction did “not represent an ethical business partnership.” Wayfair’s top brass defended the company’s “broad and diverse customer base.” Democrats Face Off Democrats vying for the 2020 presidential nomination — 20 of them at least — took part in their first official debate last week. The candidates agreed on many issues, including President Trump (bad), the cost of education (too high) and the economy (not working as well as it should for most Americans). But they differed on how to fix those things. Senator Elizabeth Warren of Massachusetts came out swinging against tech giants, arguing that Google and Amazon should be broken up. Others disagreed about what would constitute a “fair” tax code (should there, for instance, be a “wealth tax”?) and whether “Medicare for all” is a viable solution for the country’s health care woes. Get ready for more rancor as the race narrows.	null	-1	null	16
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,405,978	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Eric Trump says "it's a joke" that Democrats want to give free health care and other benefits to illegal immigrants and predicted the platform will "backfire" on the 2020 presidential candidates. The son of President Trump made the remarks Saturday during an appearance on Fox News' "Justice with Judge Jeanine." "When they're talking about giving illegal immigrants, people who came to this country illegally, paying for everything for everybody, not having any real proposals on how it's actually going to get paid for, how it's going to get funded, they're not taking care of the citizens of their own country," Trump told host Jeanine Pirro. "When they're talking about ... paying for everything for everybody, ... they're not taking care of the citizens of their own country." — Eric Trump ILLEGAL IMMIGRANTS SHOULD GET HEALTH CARE, SAY DEMS IN NIGHT 2 DEBATE "That's a real problem and I think it's going to backfire on them," he added. Trump's comments came in response to the first Democratic debates that took place Wednesday and Thursday nights in Miami, where numerous candidates said they would provide health care benefits to illegal immigrants as well as all American citizens if elected president in 2020. Each debate featured a different group of 10 candidates. On Thursday, all 10 candidates pledged they would give health care benefits to illegal immigrants. "This is not about a handout," Pete Buttigieg, the mayor of South Bend, Ind., insisted. "This is an insurance program. We do ourselves no favors by having 11 million undocumented people in our country be unable to access health care. “The real problem is we shouldn't have 11 million undocumented people with no pathway to citizenship," he continued. "It makes no sense. The American people agree on what to do. This is a crazy thing. If leadership consists of forming a consensus around a divisive issue, this White House divided us around a consensus issue. The American people want a pathway to citizenship and protections for Dreamers." But on Saturday, Eric Trump told Judge Jeanine that American citizens were justified in putting their own needs ahead of those of migrants. "The reality is you have people in this country that need help," Trump said. "You also have health care costs in this country which have gone up because ObamaCare is absolutely a disaster. "The reality is you have people in this country that need help. You also have health care costs in this country which have gone up because ObamaCare is absolutely a disaster." — Eric Trump SPIT ATTACK ON ERIC TRUMP 'REPUGNANT,' CHICAGO'S DEM MAYOR SAYS IN CALL FOR CIVILITY "You can take that money, you can allocate it in a different way, but for them to come out and say, 'Listen, we're going to give this free to this person, we're going to give this free, we're going to let everybody get driver's licenses ... "Bill de Blasio in this state alone," Trump continued, referring to the New York City mayor who is also a presidential candidate, "wants to have every person have -- every illegal immigrant [to] have -- a driver's license. Do they now get to vote?" Trump said Democrats are "pandering" to different demographic groups and bashed Beto O'Rourke, the former congressman from Texas, for speaking in Spanish in his opening remarks at Wednesday's debate. The president's son -- who serves as an executive vice president of the Trump Organization, also spoke about an incident Tuesday where a waitress at a Chicago restaurant where he was dining allegedly spat on him. CLICK HERE TO GET THE FOX NEWS APP Trump condemned the woman's actions as "a heinous act" but said, "I don't think it's reflective of parties." He said he decided not to press charges despite the support of the city's mayor to do so, and said instead he opted to take "the high road."	null	-1	null	28
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,072,812	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	For those of us who believe that liberalism should model inclusivity and tolerance, even in intolerant times, even to the exclusive and the intolerant, it was disappointing to see Cambridge University this year rescind a fellowship for Jordan Peterson, the Canadian best-selling author who says he will not use people’s preferred pronouns. Debate him — that’s how to win the argument — rather than trying to squelch him. Liberals sometimes howl when this newspaper brings in a conservative columnist or publishes a sharply conservative Op-Ed. We progressives should have the intellectual curiosity to grapple with disagreeable views. This column will appall many of my regular readers, and I recognize that all of this is easy for me to say as a straight white man. But the road to progress comes from winning the public debate — and if you want to win an argument, you have to allow the argument. I fear that Trump has made it easy for liberal activists to demonize conservatives and evangelicals. People are complicated at every end of the spectrum, and it’s as wrong to stereotype conservatives or evangelicals as it is to stereotype someone on the basis of race, immigration status or sex. Campus activists at their best are the nation’s conscience. But sometimes their passion, particularly in a liberal cocoon, becomes blinding. That’s what happened at Oberlin College, long a center of activism, where students once protested the dining hall for cultural appropriation for offering poor sushi. Now Oberlin is in the news again because of a development in an episode that began the day after Trump was elected. A black student shoplifted wine from a store called Gibson’s Bakery, and a white store clerk ran after him and attempted to grab him. The police report shows that when officers arrived, the clerk was on the ground getting punched and kicked by several students.	null	-1	null	14
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	52,867,378	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Age Isn't Everything, Says Bernie Sanders. 'It Is What You Stand For' Enlarge this image toggle caption Cheryl Senter/AP Cheryl Senter/AP One of Vermont Sen. Bernie Sanders's most animated moments in Thursday night's Democratic debate came after California Rep. Eric Swalwell urged voters to "pass the torch" to a new generation of leaders. Swalwell's critique was aimed at former Vice President Joe Biden. But despite the fact that Sanders has been increasingly critical of Biden's policy positions, the independent Senator tried to rush to his fellow septuagenarian's defense. "As part of Joe's generation, let me respond," he urged the moderators in the middle of a candidate free-for-all. Sanders, 77, never got a chance to make his case. But speaking to the NPR Politics Podcast and New Hampshire Public Radio on Saturday in Nashua, N.H., he called Swalwell's argument "pretty superficial." "It is what you stand for," Sanders argued. "I think age is certainly something that people should look at. They should look at everything. Look at the totality of the person. Do you trust that person? Is that person honest? Do you agree with that person? What is the record of that person? But just say, you know, 'I'm gonna vote for somebody because they are 35 or 40, and I'm not going to vote for somebody in their 70s,' I think that's a pretty superficial answer." Sanders's pushback comes at a time when generational divides are becoming an increasingly prevalent theme in the crowded Democratic primary. Were Sanders or Biden to defeat President Trump, 73, either one would become the oldest person ever elected to the White House. Both Swalwell and South Bend, Ind. Mayor Pete Buttigieg — both in their thirties -- are running campaigns centered around the idea of putting a new generation in charge of the country. And California Sen. Kamala Harris dominated the post-debate headlines with a stinging critique of anti-federal busing policy stances Biden took in the 1970s. But Sanders was limited in his defense of Biden. He's regularly told interviewers in recent weeks that in order to defeat President Trump, the eventual Democratic nominee will need to give Democratic voters a reason to be excited. Asked whether Biden could fire up the Democratic base, Sanders initially declined to answer. He went on, however, to warn against the consensus-seeking approach that Biden has staked his career on. "Voter turnout has got to be more and more young people, more and more working class people, more lower-income people, who traditionally do not get involved," he said. "But you're not going to have that turnout unless the candidate has issues that excite people and energize people. That means you have to be talking about Medicare-for-all. You have to be talking about raising the minimum wage to a living wage of $15 an hour. You have to be talking about making public colleges and universities tuition-free, and canceling student debt. You've got to be talking about climate change and a bold response to the planetary crisis." Biden supports a $15 minimum wage and has released a climate plan, but has not gone as far as Sanders or other candidates on government-run health insurance, or large-scale debt relief and tuition-free schools. Still, the candidate who refused to formally concede to former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton until weeks before the 2016 Democratic National Convention promised to do "everything I can" to help the eventual Democratic nominee in 2020 if he can't win the nomination himself. "I think we've got a good chance to win this thing," he said. "But if, perchance, it is not me, I will do everything I can to support the winner and make sure we defeat Donald Trump."	null	-1	null	35
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	52,897,427	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Trump Meets Kim Jong Un, Steps Into North Korea Enlarge this image toggle caption Brendan Smialowski/AFP/Getty Images Brendan Smialowski/AFP/Getty Images Updated at 3:09 a.m. ET President Trump became the first sitting U.S. president to step foot in North Korea Sunday, after he met leader Kim Jong Un at the Demilitarized Zone that separates the two Koreas. It was the third time the two leaders have met. "I never expected to meet you at this place" Kim told Trump through an interpreter as the two shook hands for cameras. Our original story continues: Earlier in the day in Seoul, Trump said "I'll be meeting with Chairman Kim, I look forward to it very much," Trump told reporters. "I look forward to seeing him, we've developed a very good relationship, and we understand each other, I do believe he understands me and I think I maybe understand him. And sometimes that can lead to very good things." Trump described the meeting as only a brief encounter to shake hands. Speaking next to South Korean President Moon Jae-in, Trump said the meeting was "just a step. It might be an important step, and it might not," he said, adding that it's "probably a step in the right direction." Moon said the meeting "will give hope to the peoples of the South and North Koreas and establish a milestone in the history of humanity's pursuit of peace." Trump became the first sitting U.S. president to hold a summit with a sitting North Korean leader when he met with Kim in Singapore in June 2018. The summit ended with promises for North Korea to pursue denuclearization — but little in the way of details on how to get that done. Trump's second summit with Kim, in Vietnam in February, ended early after the two could not reach an agreement on moving forward. Trump said Kim insisted on sanctions being removed before dismantling key nuclear programs, to which he responded that "we couldn't do that." The two leaders have since exchanged letters. At the news conference Sunday, Trump and Moon were questioned about whether the meeting might help grease the wheels for a third formal summit between Trump and Kim on denuclearizing the Korean peninsula, with the potential for the North to abandon its nuclear arsenal in exchange for a lifting of crippling international sanctions. Trump was uncharacteristically restrained about the notion. "Let's see what happens today before we start thinking about that," he said. NPR's Michael Sullivan contributed reporting. This story will be updated.	null	-1	null	21
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,056,812	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	President Trump lies so reflexively on trivial matters that world leaders do not know whether to believe him on important ones. This conduct has become so routine it barely merits notice. He denounces the press as “the enemy of the people,” derides his critics as treasonous and openly fawns over an autocrat whose modern-day gulags practice extermination, torture and sexual violence. The president’s most strenuous apologists have long swept all this away with the breezy assurance that he should be taken “seriously, not literally.” Instead of his bombast, they say, look to policies of which conservatives approve. This image of Mr. Trump as a political Robin Hood whose illicit behavior is justified because it serves a greater good is doubly flawed. First, the lying and vulgarity are unrelated to the policies Mr. Trump’s base wants implemented. Second, his supporters purport to seek a restoration of American founding principles. This increasingly strains credulity. But if they profess constitutionalism, they should at least understand that it is more about process than policy. Constitutions depend on habits and traditions, not the momentary outcomes they produce. Mr. Trump’s upending of these customs, not his transient policies, will form the legacy that endures. The first flaw arises from what might be called the “post Trump, ergo propter Trump” fallacy. It is a form of the “post hoc ergo propter hoc” error in logic: “after, therefore because of.” The classic illustration is the supposition that the rooster’s crow causes the sunrise because the second event follows the first. In the version of the fallacy his defenders espouse, Mr. Trump violates customary standards of presidential behavior and then delivers desired policies, so the assumption is that the violations produced the policies. No one believes this more vehemently than Mr. Trump himself, a man who crows before the stock market rises and believes he caused it to occur. The challenge in his case is that the boorishness that supposedly yields conservative outcomes is so unrelenting it is impossible to correlate with anything and plausible to associate with everything.	null	-1	null	16
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,081,824	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	In previously navigating a way to uphold the Affordable Care Act, Chief Justice Roberts had given every indication that he was worried about the court’s image. He acted similarly last week in joining the four justices nominated by Democrats in writing an opinion that sent back to a lower court a politically inflammatory case about whether to add a question about citizenship to the coming census. The question is viewed as a backdoor effort by the Trump administration to undercount minorities and dilute their political influence. Chief Justice Roberts seemed to recognize that allowing the court to deliver two major political victories for Republicans would have fueled increasing Democratic mistrust of the Supreme Court. But in trying to maintain the court’s reputation — however tarnished — of judicial nonpartisanship, he underscored just how political the court has become. The chief justice’s efforts to steer the court through partisan shoals is likely to get even more difficult as the justices are called upon to referee hot-button issues left unaddressed by partisan dysfunction in Congress and the White House. Complicating his task is the fact that the other four conservatives — Justices Gorsuch, Kavanaugh, Clarence Thomas and Samuel A. Alito Jr. — seem to be forming a power center not easily influenced by the chief justice. If President Trump were able to replace one of the remaining liberals on the court, it would fortify a conservative majority that would not need the chief justice’s vote. And Democrats, with the changes in nomination rules imposed by both parties over the past six years, would have no power to stop it. All of this makes this moment seem particularly perilous for the court. Though it has long been held in higher esteem than the other two branches, a growing number of Americans see it as infected by partisanship — and are questioning its legitimacy. In the eyes of many, Democrats in particular, the stonewalling of Judge Garland that led to Justice Gorsuch’s nomination and the accusations of sexual misconduct against Justice Kavanaugh have tainted both men’s confirmations. As has long been noted, the Supreme Court has no army to enforce its rulings. Its legal — and moral — authority stems almost entirely from the willingness of Congress, the president and the American public to accept its decisions. What might happen if that authority dissipates?	null	-1	null	15
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,033,166	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	PLEASANT GROVE, Ala. — In the days since police officers arrested Marshae Jones, saying she had started a fight that resulted in her unborn baby getting shot, the hate mail has poured in. “I will encourage all U.S. business owners to boycott your town,” a woman from San Diego wrote on the Facebook page of the Pleasant Grove Police Department. “Misogynist trash,” wrote another. “Fire the chief and arresting officers,” wrote a third. But Robert Knight, the police chief, said his officers had little choice in the matter. “If the laws are there, we are sworn to enforce them,” he said. “That’s what we’re going to do.” Around the country, the case of Ms. Jones — who was indicted by a grand jury for manslaughter — has served as a stark illustration of how pregnant women can be judged and punished when a fetus is treated as a person by the justice system.	null	-1	null	7
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,054,188	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Good Monday morning. Here are some of the stories making news in Washington and politics today. _____________________ • President Trump became the first sitting American commander in chief to set foot in North Korea on Sunday when he met Kim Jong-un, the leader of North Korea, in the heavily fortified Demilitarized Zone. The two men agreed to restart negotiations on a long-elusive nuclear agreement. • Here are four takeaways from the pair’s meeting in the DMZ. • When Senator Kamala Harris was in first grade, she was bused across Berkeley, Calif., as part of an integration program. The experience changed her and her classmates. • The Democratic debates this past week provided the clearest evidence yet that many of the leading candidates are breaking with the incremental politics of the Clinton and Obama eras and embracing more sweeping left-wing policy changes.	null	-1	null	8
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	17,943,269	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Can RAF avoid civilian deaths in IS war? RAF crews have been talking to the BBC's Jonathan Beale about the challenges they face in avoiding civilian casualties in Iraq and Syria.	null	-1	null	2
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	17,908,177	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Grenfell husband: I can't do that to her Sabah feared he would not be able to attend his wife Khadija's funeral after his passport burned.	null	-1	null	1
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	18,512,713	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Video Immigration lawyers and a small-scale protest were at San Francisco's airport as President Trump's travel ban came into force - but there were also voices supportive of the president's executive order.	null	-1	null	1
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,060,922	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Mr. Greenblatt and Mr. Berlanti were two of the Hollywood power brokers whom Ms. Ellis invited to attend a kickoff for the group’s amendment initiative in December. The event was held at a mansion in Los Angeles. Glaad staff handed out hardcover copies of the Constitution, including the 27 amendments. On the final page was Glaad’s proposed amendment, which would also protect women, people of color and disabled individuals from discrimination. Ms. Ellis started her pitch by citing alarming statistics. Gay and transgender people can still be legally fired from their jobs simply for their orientation in more than half the states. She said roughly 300 anti-L.G.B.T. bills had been put forward in state legislatures since 2016. “Build this into your scripts,” she told the Hollywood gathering. “You create culture, and we need to build awareness that we’re not protected, we’re not safe — that we need this ultimate protection.” The next morning, Ms. Ellis flew to Washington to meet with lawmakers about the amendment, which would require approval from both houses of Congress (each by a two-thirds majority) and ratification by at least 38 states. “I expected some resistance, some ‘you guys are out of your minds,’ but our meetings on the Hill went phenomenally well,” she said, noting that Glaad had hired the Raben Group, a lobbying firm, to help with the effort. “We see a path.” Glaad calls its idea the Equality Amendment. It is not related to the Equal Rights Amendment, which focuses more narrowly on gender equality and was approved by Congress in 1972; state ratification failed in 1982, although supporters have recently revived that effort. (The ERA Coalition supports the Glaad proposal.)	null	-1	null	14
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	52,871,577	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Under Siege And Largely Secret: Businesses That Serve Immigration Detention Enlarge this image toggle caption Richard Vogel/AP Richard Vogel/AP The Trump administration's immigration policies have drawn condemnation, but increasingly the criticism has also turned to a web of companies that are part of the multi-billion-dollar industry that runs detention facilities housing tens of thousands of migrants around the country. Businesses that supply goods and services to support those detention centers face increasing public and political scrutiny from investors, employees and activists. Last week, employees at Wayfair protested after one worker discovered the Boston-based firm was supplying bedroom furniture to a facility housing migrant children seeking asylum. And Bank of America said it would stop financing private prison and immigration detention companies, following similar declarations by JPMorgan Chase and Wells Fargo. Such lending is vital to the construction and expansion of detention facilities, though the industry still has plenty of other options; SunTrust, Barclays, BNP Paribas and other smaller regional banks have not cut ties with the industry. After American Airlines discovered that migrant children separated from their families were transported on its flights last year, the airline and other carriers asked the government to stop using their planes for that purpose. The issue has also attracted the attention of Democratic presidential hopefuls, including Elizabeth Warren and Cory Booker, who have pledged to dismantle an industry they say has created financial incentives to lock up more prisoners and migrants. Activists say they welcome the spotlight on this industry. "It's never really drawn anywhere near this level of critical scrutiny, so I think there's something about the involvement in immigration detention that has really tarnished [their] brand in a really significant way," said David Fathi, director of the ACLU's National Prison Project. But at the same time, there's very little public information about which companies make money providing goods and services to detention centers, largely because government contracts are sprawling, Byzantine and require little public disclosure. The migrant detention system itself is complex. Different federal agencies administer different programs. For example, people caught attempting to cross the border are held short term in facilities operated by Customs and Border Protection. CBP relies largely on municipal and county jail systems that, in turn, use their own contractors to operate the facilities. Migrant children are detained under a separate system overseen by the Department of Health and Human Services. HHS contracts with Caliburn International, which has come under fire for squalid conditions at one of its centers in Homestead, Fla. The largest share of migrant detainees are held in longer-term centers run by Immigration and Customs Enforcement. Currently, about 52,000 migrants are held in ICE custody. A majority of them — 71%, according to the National Immigrant Justice Center — are housed in facilities operated by private prison companies. Two of them — GEO Group and CoreCivic — have contracts to run the lion's share of ICE's detention facilities. But others, including Utah-based Management and Training Corp., and about a dozen other smaller firms do similar work. Those companies, in turn, subcontract with many other firms across a wide variety of industries, from food to medical services. Neither GEO nor CoreCivic publicly report a list of subcontractors. GEO Group did not respond to requests for comment. CoreCivic spokeswoman Amanda Gilchrist said the company relies on different vendors at each facility, but she did not respond to requests for data about those vendors. "For obvious competitive reasons, we do not as a general practice elaborate on details about our company's contractors," she said. Immigrant activists say such secrecy has enabled the detention industry to grow with little oversight. "If there's one throughline between every single component part of the ICE detention system, it is opacity; it's like intentional lack of transparency," said Heidi Altman, director of policy at the National Immigrant Justice Center. CoreCivic and GEO Group's revenues totaled a combined $4.1 billion last year, and detention contracts made up about a quarter of that. Both companies are contending with increased competition and declines in their prison businesses, but that's been offset by growth in the detention business. Many activists say the pursuit of revenue in the industry has helped drive today's immigration policies. "Why we are in the predicament that we are is in part because of those that are invested in it," said Bianca Tylek, executive director of Worth Rises, an organization opposing privatization of prisons and detention centers. According to the Center for Responsive Politics, which tracks political contributions, CoreCivic and GEO Group spent$1.6 million and $2.8 million, respectively, on political contributions and lobbying in 2018, overwhelmingly to Republican candidates. The ACLU's Fathi said the expansion of migrant detention in recent years has been driven by private business, not by the federal government. "The availability of private, for-profit detention has enabled the administration to dramatically increase ICE detention," he said. "And I think it's safe to say that that increase could not have been accommodated without the services ... of the private prison industry." For its part, CoreCivic said it does not play a role in policy or enforcement. "CoreCivic has partnered with the federal government to operate detention facilities for more than 30 years, and we've worked with both Democrat and Republican administrations," company spokeswoman Gilchrist said in a statement.	null	-1	null	38
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,072,476	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Looking for a new villain to account for the polarization and sheer meanness of our current politics? Instead of blaming deep divisions over race, misogyny, immigration, income inequality and the bellicose Twitter reign of President Trump, many have seized on secularism as a scapegoat for everything that keeps politically conscious and conscientious Americans awake at night. The theory is that America’s post-2000 decline in churchgoing, especially among the young, has bred unhealthy political obsessions that offer rituals and a sense of community formerly provided by religion. The idea that “politics has become a religion,” as the columnist Michael Gerson put it in The Washington Post, is used tortuously to attack both Trumpism and progressivism. American politics was once kinder, Andrew Sullivan argued in New York magazine, because “if your ultimate meaning is derived from religion, you have less need of deriving it from politics or ideology or trusting entirely in a single, secular leader.” He continued, “Now look at our politics. We have the cult of Trump on the right, a demigod who, among his worshipers, can do no wrong. And we have the cult of social justice on the left, a religion whose followers show the same zeal as any born-again evangelical . They are filling the void that Christianity once owned.” But the concept of secularism as a breeding ground for aggrieved politics is a delusion, rooted in contempt for the beliefs of nonreligious Americans and ignorance of or indifference to the role of secularism throughout American history. It is also based on ahistorical nostalgia for a nation in which religion — particularly Christianity — was a totally beneficent influence.	null	-1	null	9
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	52,993,506	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Trump's Foreign Policy Lulu Garcia-Navarro talks with former Ambassador Wendy Sherman about President Trump's foreign policy moves over the past week. Trump's Foreign Policy World Trump's Foreign Policy Trump's Foreign Policy Audio will be available later today. Lulu Garcia-Navarro talks with former Ambassador Wendy Sherman about President Trump's foreign policy moves over the past week. Friday, June 28th, 2019 Listen · 13:54 13:54 Up First NPR's Up First is the news you need to start your day. The biggest stories and ideas — from politics to pop culture — in 10 minutes. NPR thanks our sponsors Become an NPR sponsor	null	-1	null	6
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	3,996,820	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	WASHINGTON — More than two years ago, Pavel Fuks, a wealthy Ukrainian-Russian developer looking for ways to attract more investment from the United States to his hometown, Kharkiv, Ukraine, enlisted an especially well-connected American to help him: Rudolph W. Giuliani. Mr. Fuks, who years earlier had discussed a Moscow tower project with Donald J. Trump, hired Mr. Giuliani, who in 2018 would become the president’s personal lawyer, under a one-year deal to help improve Kharkiv’s emergency services and bolster its image as a destination for investment. “I would call him the lobbyist for Kharkiv and Ukraine — this is stated in the contract,” Mr. Fuks said in an interview in March for an episode of The New York Times’s television show, “The Weekly.” Mr. Fuks added: “It is very important for me that such person as Giuliani tells people that we are a good country, that people can do business with us. That’s what we would like to bring to America’s leaders.” Mr. Fuks’s description of Mr. Giuliani as a lobbyist further highlighted a controversy over what some Democrats say is a pattern by Mr. Giuliani of providing influence with the Trump administration. Some Democrats have asked whether Mr. Giuliani’s role working in a number of foreign countries fits the legal definition of lobbying and requires him to register as a foreign agent, something Mr. Giuliani has not done.	null	-1	null	5
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	52,940,270	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Fears Of Far-Right Terror In Germany The killing of a prominent German politician and the arrest of his confessed killer, who has links to a far-right network, has raised fears of far-right terrorism in Germany. LULU GARCIA-NAVARRO, HOST: The recent murder of a politician in Germany has increased fears of far-right terrorism there. The victim is a prominent supporter of Chancellor Angela Merkel's decision to welcome asylum-seekers fleeing conflict in the Middle East. His confessed killer is an avowed neo-Nazi. Here's NPR's Deborah Amos in Berlin. DEBORAH AMOS, BYLINE: The execution-style killing of politician Walter Lubcke signals a new phase in the ultra-right movement, says Hajo Funke, who studies extremism in Germany. HAJO FUNKE: Of course I was surprised - so cold-blooded, so prepared, so decisive. That kind of killing is a new step. And that is what, for me, is right-wing terror, full stop. (SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED RECORDING, BELLS RINGING) UNIDENTIFIED PERSON: (Speaking German). AMOS: At the time of Lubcke's funeral in mid-June, officials were still calling the death a mystery. Then, a dramatic break in the case in the past few weeks - the arrest of an avowed neo-Nazi, Stephan Ernst, with a history of violence against immigrants. He joined Combat 18, an extremist group, in jail. Ernst confessed to investigators that he had killed Lubcke. He said he planned the murder alone, motivated by comments the politician made in 2015 in support of refugees in Germany. The remarks came in a town hall meeting where Lubcke challenged far-right agitators, says Mohamed Amjahid, a political reporter for Die Zeit newspaper. MOHAMED AMJAHID: There is this famous town hall where he was telling people in the audience, if you don't like human rights, you should go. He was very tough. AMOS: Lubcke quickly became the target of online hate. Then the town hall video surfaced again earlier this year, posted by a member of German's far-right political party, the AfD, the alternative for Germany. And that led mainstream political leaders to charge that the AfD shared blame for Lubcke's death. Hajo Funke says the AfD set the stage. FUNKE: There's a clear, indirect link, being utterly against all Muslims - Muslims in this country, Muslims around the world. Unleashing of resentment is one of the conditions for murder and for violence. AMOS: According to media reports, in 2006, the killer sent a contribution to the AfD wired from his bank account with a note that read, God bless you. ARMIN-PAUL HAMPEL: Armin-Paul Hampel - I am a member of Parliament and the speaker of foreign affairs. AMOS: Hampel was elected in 2017, a politician with the AfD. He condemns Lubcke's murder but says the motive had nothing to do with the AfD's message that all refugees have to go home. He insists these refugees cannot integrate into Germany because they bring a different culture to the country. HAMPEL: How should we be able to manage these differences? Impossible - we won't make it. And we know that we won't make it. Do we really want a melting pot from all nationalities, or do we want to keep our identity? AMOS: And he dismisses any suggestion Germany's first political assassination in decades is part of a larger movement. HAMPEL: I still don't see in Germany an organized right extreme terror organization. AMOS: But the statistics tell another story, says Daniel Koehler, who heads a German institute in Stuttgart that studies extremist groups. When we spoke on Skype, he said there are more than 12,000 neo-Nazis in Germany - organized, violent and dangerous. DANIEL KOEHLER: Statistically, there are three violent, far-right attacks every day in Germany, so that is just significant. And we have no other form of violent extremism that presents such a threat. AMOS: The victims have been mostly immigrants and refugees, he says. Now, some other politicians have received death threats and are feeling under direct threat of violence by the far-right. Deborah Amos, NPR News, Berlin. Copyright © 2019 NPR. All rights reserved. Visit our website terms of use and permissions pages at www.npr.org for further information. NPR transcripts are created on a rush deadline by Verb8tm, Inc., an NPR contractor, and produced using a proprietary transcription process developed with NPR. This text may not be in its final form and may be updated or revised in the future. Accuracy and availability may vary. The authoritative record of NPR’s programming is the audio record.	null	-1	null	49
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	52,860,387	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Politicians, Government Agencies Feud Over Payouts Tied To Opioid Epidemic Enlarge this image toggle caption EVA HAMBACH/AFP/Getty Images EVA HAMBACH/AFP/Getty Images Government officials are bickering over hundreds of millions of dollars in settlements paid by Big Pharma, stemming from the nation's deadly opioid epidemic. The pharmaceutical industry paid out more than half a billion dollars over the last year alone. All sides expect the scale of settlements to grow fast as more cases go to trial. Drug companies are accused of kick-starting the addiction crisis by aggressively marketing opioid pain medications over the past two decades. During the epidemic, roughly 218,000 Americans have died from overdoses tied to prescription pain pills, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Federal, state and local officials have filed hundreds of lawsuits against drug companies, using different teams of lawyers, while often making substantially different claims and legal arguments. A growing number of sources have told NPR they're concerned that the effort to hold the pharmaceutical industry accountable could unravel into a legal fight between governments.. There's no agreement in place for how payouts will be distributed. In recent days, feuding between local, state and federal agencies has begun to spill into the open. In an Ohio courtroom this week, a federal judge suspended work on a plan to compensate 24,000 local governments for their opioid-related costs, after state attorneys general weighed in strongly against the proposal. "If we get money, how are going to use it?" asked Joe Rice, an architect of the proposal, who leads a team of attorneys representing more than 1,200 local governments suing Big Pharma. Their cases have been consolidated into a single trial set to begin in federal court in Ohio in October. "Let's get a plan in place. Because it also has to fit together," Rice added. The federal judge overseeing the consolidated trial, Dan Polster, has repeatedly urged officials to come up with just such a roadmap for compensation that will hasten a "global" settlement with the drug industry. But after Rice's group came up with a concept that would involve every local government in the U.S. — creating a kind of super-sized class action lawsuit – state attorneys general cried foul. "To certify a negotiation class so quickly and so early in the process, before everyone's had a chance to determine what their best interest is, constitutes a new and novel procedure that could result in a grave miscarriage of justice," cautioned Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton, in a June 24 letter to Judge Polster. The letter was co-signed by 26 other state attorneys general. Judge Polster delayed action on the plan until August. Meanwhile, the federal government has entered the money fray, seeking to garnish "a portion" of Oklahoma's recent $270 million settlement with Purdue Pharmaceuticals. The demand came in a June 12 letter from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, which argued that part of Purdue's payout was meant to cover alleged Medicaid fraud, which harmed federal as well as state taxpayers. "We are aware of the letter and are reviewing it," wrote Alex Gerszewski, a spokesman for Oklahoma Attorney General Mike Hunter, in an email to NPR. "This will not affect state revenue," he added. Even within individual states there are growing tensions over how opioid money will be allocated. When Hunter won Oklahoma's settlement with Purdue in March, he agreed unilaterally to a plan for how the money would be spent. The lion's share won't go to fund programs designed to aid people who are opioid-dependent, or to help local governments struggling with the crisis. Instead, Hunter agreed to divert roughly $200 million to pay for a new addiction research center at the Oklahoma State University in Tulsa. State lawmakers in Oklahoma were furious. "Rose petals were not strewn in my path," Hunter acknowledged in a speech before the Bipartisan Policy Council in Washington DC last month. "There was a great consternation with me going around the appropriations process." Now that the federal government is asking for its slice of the money, his plan has become even more controversial. Oklahoma's legislature has since passed a state law requiring that future opioid settlements go into the state's general fund. Last week, the state's politicians narrowly averted a legal clash over an $85 million payout from another drug firm called Teva Pharmaceuticals. This money fight is playing out against the troubled history that followed the tobacco settlements of the 1990s. Cigarette makers agreed to pay more than $240 billion to end their liability for cancer deaths caused by their products. But much of that cash has since been diverted by government officials away from health programs and campaigns aimed to reduce smoking rates. Critics worry that drug industry settlements could also be used to fill budget gaps or to pay for local, state and federal programs unrelated to the opioid epidemic.	null	-1	null	38
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	18,192,046	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Cashing in on the Philippine election Money being spent on next week's general election in the Philippines is so huge it is likely to provide an economic boost.	null	-1	null	1
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	18,066,748	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Video The US Democratic Party is involved in a “mindless resistance" to President Trump, the former senator Joe Lieberman has told BBC Hardtalk. Mr Lieberman, who supported Hillary Clinton's candidacy in the 2016 presidential elections, said that while the Democrats have a responsibility to oppose President Donald Trump if they have a policy reason, there should be efforts to negotiate with the Republican Party on issues such as tax reform and healthcare if they “want to get something done". Mr Lieberman was the senator for Connecticut from 1989 to 2013 as a Democrat and then an independent candidate. Watch the full interview on Friday 30 June and Saturday 1 July 2017 on BBC World News and watch again on BBC iPlayer (UK only).	null	-1	null	4
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	52,907,268	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	What Just Happened Also Occurred Before The Last 7 U.S. Recessions. Reason To Worry? Enlarge this image toggle caption Richard Drew/AP Richard Drew/AP Signs are pointing to a coming U.S. recession, according to an economic indicator that has preceded every recession over the past five decades. It is known among economists and Wall Street traders as a "yield curve inversion," and it refers to when long-term interest rates are paying out less than short-term rates. That curve has been flattening out and sloping down for more than a year, raising worries among some analysts that investors' long-term view of the market is not positive and that an economic downturn is looming. But on Sunday, an inauspicious milestone was achieved: The yield curve remained inverted for three months, or an entire quarter, which has for half a century been a clear signal that the economy is heading for recession in the next nine to 18 months, according to Campbell Harvey, a Duke University finance professor who spoke to NPR on Sunday. His research in the mid-1980s first linked yield curve inversions to recessions. "That has been associated with predicting a recession for the last seven recessions," Harvey said. "From the 1960s, this indicator has been reliable in terms of foretelling a recession, and also importantly, it has not given any false signals yet." toggle caption Courtesy of Campbell Harvey Still, many economic forecasters do not see a recession on the horizon. For instance, Randal Quarles, the Federal Reserve's vice chairman for banking supervision, has said that the gap between short- and long-term interest rates does not mean the U.S. is moving toward a recession. And then there is a sea of bright economic news setting the backdrop for the yield curve inversion hitting its three-month mark: unemployment is at a near historic low, the stock market is going strong. The S&P 500 is up 17% for the year. And while some economists say the pace of growth may be slowing, the consensus view is that a dramatic economic plunge is not on the horizon. But Harvey says no single economic predictor has the impressively prescient track record of the yield curve inversion. "Yes, the economy looks good right now," Harvey said. "But the yield curve is about the future," he said. "It captures the expectations of the broad market in terms of what might happen in the future." Might a whole quarter of an inverted yield curve become a self-fulfilling prophecy? "Perhaps," Harvey said. Consumers could see the data point as a red flag and pull back on spending, or corporations may view the sloping yield curve and decide not to make investments or hire new employees. "I look at it more in terms of risk management. This is an important piece of information. It helps people plan," Harvey said. "It enhances the possibility that we have a soft landing, not a hard landing, like a global financial crisis." If the idea of an inverted yield curve remains hard to grasp, Harvey says think of it this way: a yield curve is the difference between a short term cash instrument, like a three-month government bill, compared to a long-term one, such as a 30-year government bond. When the short-term ones are paying out more than the longer-term ones, something is wrong. And economists call it an inverted yield curve. Or, Harvey said, think of a certificate of deposit at a bank, better known as a CD. "If you lock your money up for five years, you expect to get a higher rate than, say, locking it up for six months," he said. "But in certain rare situations, things get backwards and it turns out the long-term interest rate is lower than the short-term rate, and that's called an inverted yield curve. That's exactly the situation we got now, and it is a harbinger of bad news."	null	-1	null	32
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	52,916,730	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Trump To Meet Kim Jong Un At DMZ Enlarge this image toggle caption Brendan Smialowski/AFP/Getty Images Brendan Smialowski/AFP/Getty Images Updated at 2:20 a.m. ET President Trump plans to meet North Korean leader Kim Jong Un at the Korean Demilitarized Zone later Sunday, in what will be the third time the two leaders have met. "I'll be meeting with Chairman Kim, I look forward to it very much," Trump told reporters in Seoul Sunday. "I look forward to seeing him, we've developed a very good relationship, and we understand each other, I do believe he understands me and I think I maybe understand him. And sometimes that can lead to very good things." Trump described the meeting as only a brief encounter to shake hands. Speaking next to South Korean President Moon Jae-in, Trump said the meeting was "just a step. It might be an important step, and it might not," he said, adding that it's "probably a step in the right direction." Moon said the meeting "will give hope to the peoples of the South and North Koreas and establish a milestone in the history of humanity's pursuit of peace." Trump became the first sitting U.S. president to hold a summit with a sitting North Korean leader when he met with Kim in Singapore in June 2018. The summit ended with promises for North Korea to pursue denuclearization — but little in the way of details on how to get that done. Trump's second summit with Kim, in Vietnam in February, ended early after the two could not reach an agreement on moving forward. Trump said Kim insisted on sanctions being removed before dismantling key nuclear programs, to which he responded that "we couldn't do that." The two leaders have since exchanged letters. At the news conference Sunday, Trump and Moon were questioned about whether the meeting might help grease the wheels for a third formal summit between the Trump and Kim on denuclearizing the Korean peninsula, with the potential for the North to abandon its nuclear arsenal in exchange for a lifting of crippling international sanctions. Trump was uncharacteristically restrained about the notion. "Let's see what happens today before we start thinking about that," he said. NPR's Michael Sullivan contributed reporting. This story will be updated.	null	-1	null	19
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	18,336,325	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	TV hosts allege White House tabloid threat MSNBC hosts Joe Scarborough and Mika Brzezinski say the White House demanded they apologise to the president for coverage, or the National Enquirer would run a story on them.	null	-1	null	1
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	3,998,391	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Viewers caught sight of men holding a thick yellow rope, which apparently was used to corral journalists at the site. (It was not quite the velvet rope the White House Press Office put up in front of the press corps in 2017, when Sean Spicer was press secretary.) Then there were the blue huts. The 2.5-mile-wide Demilitarized Zone that has separated North and South Korea for decades is jointly overseen by the American-led United Nations Command and North Korea. The squat huts straddled the demarcation line, painted powder blue in the color of the United Nations. Camera lenses offered close-up views of the barriers and markers in the “truce village” of Panmunjom — 32 miles north of Seoul and 91 miles south of Pyongyang, North Korea’s capital — where officials signed an armistice in 1953 to halt the three-year Korean War. The area is lined with mines and barbed-wire fences, though those were not as visible on Sunday. Combat-ready soldiers train deadly weapons at the other side. But on Sunday, it appeared to be overrun by journalists. As cameras homed in on the low concrete barrier that Mr. Trump had crossed to enter into North Korea on Sunday, it seemed hardly daunting. But visitors have dared not cross the slab, for fear of being shot. That’s exactly what happened in 2017, when a North Korean soldier defected to South Korea through the heavily guarded zone separating the two countries, leading to gunfire on both sides of the border. Closed-circuit television footage showed the soldier’s dramatic dash through the Joint Security Area north of Seoul, the South Korean capital, on Nov. 13. The most notorious incident at Panmunjom happened in 1976, according to The Associated Press, when ax-wielding North Korean soldiers killed two American officers sent out to trim a tree that had been blocking the view from a checkpoint. Washington sent nuclear-capable bombers toward the DMZ in response. Animosities eased after Kim Il Sung, the grandfather of Kim Jong-un, expressed regret for the episode. The world will be watching to see what comes next. The two leaders greeted each other like old friends on Sunday, with a beaming Mr. Kim praising Mr. Trump, and with Mr. Trump offering effusive praise of the man many experts have called a brutal dictator who has killed members of his own family.	null	-1	null	18
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	52,875,699	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	'We Are Entitled To Freedom': Hong Kong Protesters Forge On A series of protests rocked Hong Kong this month. Hundreds of thousands of demonstrators are expected to use the anniversary of Hong Kong's reversion to China as an occasion to continue protests. MICHEL MARTIN, HOST: Now to Hong Kong, where tomorrow's July 1 handover anniversary will be marked by an unprecedented lockdown. A series of demonstrations rocked Hong Kong this month, and hundreds of thousands are expected to try to use the 22nd year of Hong Kong's reversion to China as an occasion to continue their protests targeting a controversial extradition bill and more. NPR's Julie McCarthy has this report. JULIE MCCARTHY, BYLINE: The contentious bill would have allowed Hong Kong to extradite suspects to a long list of jurisdictions, including the Chinese mainland. Protestors who massed in the streets said anyone taken to China would not be guaranteed a fair trial. What was viewed as an assault on their liberties sparked the biggest demonstrations since Britain handed over Hong Kong in 1997. (SOUNDBITE OF CROWD YELLING) MCCARTHY: Some demonstrators clashed with police, who used tear gas and rubber bullets. Chief Executive Carrie Lam acknowledged she had not fully realized the sensitivity of the issue, suspended the measure and dropped out of public view for more than a week. On Monday, a thick cordon of barricades and riot police will encircle one of Hong Kong's most important events of the year to discourage any disruptions. Demonstrators distrustful of Beijing and its anointed chief executive are unmoved. JOSHUA WONG: It's not the time for us to put aside this critical issue. MCCARTHY: Activist Joshua Wong says the extradition proposal erodes Hong Kong's freedom, guaranteed under the basic law governing the territory. WONG: Suspension is not enough. We are asking for fully withdraw the evil bill. MCCARTHY: The so-called evil bill has been mischaracterized, according to Regina Ip, a member of the council that advises Hong Kong's chief executive. Ip says the public's been misled by videos circulating online. REGINA IP: Which suggest that anyone with an argument with a neighbor could face trumped-up charges from the mainland and whisked across the border overnight. This is totally untrue because all rendition cases will be subject to lengthy and complicated legal procedures. MCCARTHY: University of Hong Kong law professor Albert Chen says by forcing the government to suspend the bill, protesters have essentially won. He says it stands no chance of being revived, so fraught is the political climate. ALBERT CHEN: In fact, there's zero chance that a bill can be resurrected. If the bill is to be resurrected, immediately, there will be half a million people taking to the streets again. MCCARTHY: Could they surreptitiously bring it back? Chen scoffs. CHEN: Hong Kong is not like some authoritarian states when the law can be passed at any time. MCCARTHY: Bonnie Leung with the Civil Human Rights Front, conveners of the mass demonstrations, says the government has suspended issues in the past only to revive them. And she is suspicious about the shelving of the extradition bill. BONNIE LEUNG: It is, I believe, a tactic that the government would only want to buy time and release some kind of social pressure. And then it will come back when we're not looking, when the world is not looking. MCCARTHY: The demonstrations have morphed into demands that Carrie Lam be removed, that there'd be a full inquiry into the police handling of the protests, that all jailed protesters be released and to freely elect Hong Kong's chief executive, who is effectively appointed by Beijing. Many out on the streets were infants when Hong Kong reverted to China. But Bonnie Leung says they were reared with democratic values. LEUNG: We are a generation who cannot be oppressed just like that because we're used to freedom, and we believe that we are entitled to freedom. MCCARTHY: They are expected to be out in force Monday, exercising their freedom to assemble. Julie McCarthy, NPR News, Hong Kong. (SOUNDBITE OF ARVO TO ME'S "MND WRKS") Copyright © 2019 NPR. All rights reserved. Visit our website terms of use and permissions pages at www.npr.org for further information. NPR transcripts are created on a rush deadline by Verb8tm, Inc., an NPR contractor, and produced using a proprietary transcription process developed with NPR. This text may not be in its final form and may be updated or revised in the future. Accuracy and availability may vary. The authoritative record of NPR’s programming is the audio record.	null	-1	null	44
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	52,933,207	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Trump And Kim Meeting: The Start Of A Deal Or 'Just Some Nice Pics And Pageantry?' Enlarge this image toggle caption Susan Walsh/AP Susan Walsh/AP Updated at 4:16 p.m. ET It is too soon to tell whether the much-hyped meeting between President Donald Trump and North Korea's Kim Jong Un on Sunday will be remembered as a televised spectacle, or the start of a breakthrough in talks with the nuclear-armed country. But Trump did become the first sitting American president to venture into North Korea. "I was proud to step over the line," Trump told Kim about crossing the demarcation line at the Demilitarized Zone that separates the two Koreas. "It is a great day for the world." The celebratory mood seemed a long way from the insults and bellicose rhetoric the two leaders have previously engaged in, a hostile dynamic that has cooled down over the course of what President Trump has described as a burgeoning friendship between he and Kim. Whether the symbolism of stepping into North Korea carries with it the promise of change, or little more than dramatic optics remains the subject of debate among Korea experts and other observers. "This is about looking good," said Wendy Sherman, who was the policy coordinator for North Korea during the Clinton administration, in an interview with NPR. Sherman said the real question is what happened during the 50-minutes Trump and Kim had a closed-door chat. "Is there a real negotiating track that has begun?" she asked. "Did the president give anything up in those 50 minutes? Is there any there there?" To Sue Mi Terry, senior fellow for Korea at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, one detail of the meeting jumped out to her: Trump hinted that U.S. economic sanctions on North Korea could perhaps be lifted during negotiations, rather than at the conclusion of a deal to denuclearize, which was the administration's previous position. It signaled a possible a departure from the Trump administration's "maximum pressure" campaign against the country. "President Trump is looking for a deal, and potentially, now that working-level negotiations are to resume, there is a deal to be had," Terry said. In announcing that the U.S. will resume talks with the North, President Trump told reporters, "We're not looking for speed. We're looking to get it right." Trump said economic sanctions on the country would remain in place, but hinted that the administration could ease the pressure, saying that "during the negotiation things can happen." Other experts said Trump is misguided in believing that a supposedly impromptu face-to-face with Kim would result in an arms control agreement, something decades of careful and calculated negotiations with senior U.S. policy leaders has not been able to achieve. "It's only 'historic' if it leads to denuke negotiations, a verifiable agreement and a peace treaty," said Victor Cha, Georgetown University professor and senior adviser of the National Committee on North Korea. "Otherwise it's just some nice pics and pageantry." Cha said he worried the meet-and-greet at the heavily fortified Demilitarized Zone, the president's third face-to-face meeting with Kim, legitimizes a regime that has been criticized for human rights violations against women, political dissenters and other at-risk groups. Surrendering all their weapons is not a likely scenario, said Cha, who was the top Korea adviser in the George W. Bush administration. "The North Koreans have demonstrated over the past 25 to 30 years that they're not willing to part with all of their nuclear weapons," Cha said in an interview with NPR. "They're willing to freeze some of their capability, but they're not willing to give up all of their weapons because it's the only thing they have that makes them secure in the world today." Cha noted that when he helped reach a deal with the North, in 2005, when the country initially agreed to freeze some of its weapons programs, the plan collapsed when American officials attempted to verify its nuclear capacity. "We can't really do full denuclearization until they admit to having certain things," he said. "Until that happens, a deal is not going to look credible." While Trump's first two meetings with Kim failed to produce an agreement to eliminate North Korea's nuclear arsenal, Pyongyang has paused nuclear testing and returned the remains of American soldiers killed in the Korean War. That said, just last month, North Korea had been testing short-range ballistic missiles. Trump has viewed a truce with North Korea resulting in the surrendering of nuclear weapons as a key foreign policy goal, and his insistence on in-person gatherings with the authoritarian leader has been unorthodox. The president's Singapore meeting with Kim in June 2018 marked the first time a sitting American president met with the country's head of state since a cease-fire was signed in 1953 ending the Korean War. Critics of Trump say his past career as a television star is fueling his prioritizing of high-profile meetings with world leaders, but with North Korea, they say, the tactic has not yielded much more than handshakes and wide grins. Former Obama adviser Ben Rhodes said a meeting was never sought with Kim during the eight years of the Obama administration. "Foreign policy isn't reality television," he said. "It's reality." Rhodes went on: "Photo ops don't get rid of nuclear weapons, carefully negotiated agreements do." Sherman said she supports the summits with Kim, seeing them as an unconventional path that could prove fruitful, though she said there appears to be some important missing pieces. "You try something novel and different when you have a plan, a strategy, a team to follow through, you know what your next five moves are going to be," Sherman said. For North Korea, Trump's meetings are providing a public relations boost to a country that has traditionally been isolated from the global stage, she said. "They are a country that is a true dictatorship, cut off from most of the rest of the world," Sherman said. "They don't have enough arable land to feed their own people, so they go through times of real famine and malnutrition of their people. There are no human rights." Terry said one beneficiary of the Sunday get-together between Trump and Kim is President Moon Jae-in of South Korea. "The economy is not doing well in South Korea, and President Moon has staked his entire legitimacy, his legacy, on a deal with North Korea," Terry said. "South Koreans in general want engagement with North Korea." Terry cautioned, however, that a victory should not be claimed just yet. "Of course, we are still a very, very long way from a complete verifiable, irreversible denuclearization," she said. In Washington on Sunday, praise and skepticism from lawmakers fell along partisan lines. "President Trump just made history," wrote House Minority Leader Kevin McCarthy, R-Calif., who said even those who dislike Trump "are going to have to give him credit for resetting the stage and bringing North Korea to the table." Meanwhile, several Democratic presidential candidates condemned the Trump-Kim gathering, including former Vice President Joe Biden and Massachusetts Sen. Elizabeth Warren. Biden's campaign put out a statement accusing Trump of "coddling" dictators "at the expense of American national security." Warren tweeted that Trump "shouldn't be squandering American influence on photo ops and exchanging love letters with a ruthless dictator," saying the president should instead be dealing with North Korea through "principled diplomacy." Speaking on ABC News, Vermont Sen. Bernie Sanders was more muted, saying he has "no problem" with Trump's meeting with Kim, but said "we need to move forward diplomatically and not just have photo opportunities."	null	-1	null	56
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,030,675	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	BERKELEY, Calif. — In 1967, the superintendent of the Berkeley, Calif., school district had resolved to desegregate the city schools. “We will set an example for all the cities of America,” he wrote in a report called “Integration: A Plan for Berkeley,” which he presented to the Berkeley Board of Education. “The children of Berkeley will grow in a community where justice is part of their pattern of life,” the report stated. Several years later, a young girl named Kamala Harris, the daughter of a Tamil Indian mother and a Jamaican father, boarded a school bus — part of that school integration program that would change her, the city and the country’s conversation about racial politics. “There was a little girl in California who was part of the second class to integrate her public schools, and she was bused to school every day, and that little girl was me,” Ms. Harris, now a senator and candidate for president, said on Thursday evening onstage at the Democratic debate. She was directly addressing former Vice President Joseph R. Biden Jr., and what she described as his history of opposition to mandatory busing. In that moment, Ms. Harris invoked a complex part of American history, and the way cities tried to address how segregated the country’s classrooms remained more than a decade after Brown v. Board of Education was decided. She also made plain how the conversation about integration that took place in Washington and in cities around the nation directly affected the life of a first grader on a school bus. They played hand-clapping games to pass the time, a classmate remembered, aware that their bus ride took them to a neighborhood different from theirs, but not that it was something a superintendent had to fight for.	null	-1	null	9
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,076,705	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	So many animals rely on relocation for survival; it deserves our sustained collaboration and support. Matt Bershadker New York The writer is president and chief executive of the A.S.P.C.A. To the Editor: Kate Murphy’s news analysis raises many questions that beg for answers. We need to find a new paradigm. The states able to accept the transported cats and dogs are, as mentioned, states that have long embraced the idea of prevention. Spay and neuter services are available and affordable, and more recently, cats in these states have been spayed or neutered before five months of age. This ensured that truckloads of unwanted animals (or the desirables, for that matter) would not have to be shipped long distances. The need for these prevention programs — and education about them — is still great in the South. Although these programs have been very effective in the past, funders now tend to support transport over spay/neuter programs, perhaps assuming that the problem is solved. As your article shows, it has not been solved; it has only led to more problems, now concerning transport. Only when we end the surplus can we have a compassionate, thoughtful system that ensures that there will be enough good homes for all, or nearly all, litters born. It can be done, but animal welfare groups need to put the welfare of the animals first.	null	-1	null	12
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,000,780	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	It had been incredibly hard to speak to someone from Russia’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs — one reason the Russia position is often absent from Western media. But after months of chasing diplomats, I had a chance to sit down with Denis Mikerin, the Russian press attaché in Berlin, in March 2018. (He has since returned to work with the ministry in Moscow, and when we spoke in mid-June, he confirmed that the Russian position remained unchanged.) The Russian Embassy was a beautiful complex protected by an imposing white stone wall and wrought-iron double gates. Inside, we walked past a stained-glass wall depicting a rainbow over the Kremlin. Interviews with diplomats are often boring recitations of the country’s talking points, but in the case of Russia, even this is novel. Our two-hour conversation ambled among Crimea, Europe, Russia and the Middle East. It went on so long that we had to move from what looked like an ornate tearoom to one resembling a hunting lodge, with wood-paneled walls decked with trophy heads with antlers. I asked him if Russia was willing to take on a greater global role and all the unwanted criticism that would entail. (In a Pew 2018 poll of 25 countries, many saw Russia playing a more important international role compared with 10 years ago, but views of Putin had grown more unfavorable.) He suggested Russia was ready. Moscow would do things differently, he said. He pointed to Syria: “Russia has all the legal basis to be there — in response to official request from the government of Syria. With Geneva negotiations completely stalled, the Astana format with Turkey and Iran appears to be an efficient platform. We did not come in alone and say now we are deciding. On the contrary, we are trying to join the efforts of all those committed to preserving Syria’s territorial integrity.” He seemed to be drawing a distinction between the Astana format and the American-proposed way forward in Iraq, but the two versions — countries spearheading a “coalition of the willing” to work outside the United Nations — did not feel dissimilar to me. Still, the strain of trying to spearhead constructive policy was becoming evident. He claimed that the Americans had sent low-level officials to the first peace conference in Sochi in an attempt to undercut their efforts. “They were sending the signals to those whom they had in fact wanted, not to sabotage, but to avoid taking part.” The Russians were falling into the same trap the United States had for so long — looking for others to blame for the difficulties of constructing policy. In contrast to Western condescension, he explained, when Russia works with other countries it’s about finding common ground and pragmatic interests. “It’s ridiculous to presume that some countries are lobbying Russian interests,” he said. “They are lobbying their own interests in the first place.” He said the Russians were tired of the United States and the European Union “mentoring” them. “We kept trying to find this very high road in relations between Russia and the Western world in general. We treat everyone equally and want to be treated the same way. But it came to nothing at all. The West said: ‘All right, guys, you have certain limits you can come to, but those are your limits and you may not exceed them.’ This is arrogant, to say the least. We know exactly what’s good and bad for us. We totally comply with the international law. That is solid and indisputable. The rest of it is subject for negotiations.” Our interview was polite, friendly even, like two people genuinely attempting to communicate. The issue of whether Russia had broken international law in Crimea was one of the few topics where we were completely stuck, as if we were discussing two different realities. Over all, the diplomat seemed earnestly baffled when I told him Americans believed Putin had a master plan he was slyly executing. And on this point, I didn’t disagree. It didn’t seem to me that Russia was pushing a grand strategy so much as responding to opportunities in order to do exactly what Baykov said the country would: “to be an autonomous player, to uphold its identity of a great power which is strategically independent.” If we look at the world through Russian eyes, the plan is working, but it isn’t the plan we thought it was. Russia did not break the back of the international world order, as much as it recognized the opportunities created by American withdrawal and the new era of global bardak.	null	-1	null	35
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	52,939,717	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Migrants Turn To Risky, Remote Crossings With the numbers of migrants attempting to enter the U.S. now setting records, some people are trying to enter at the most remote parts of the American Southwest. Migrants Turn To Risky, Remote Crossings National Migrants Turn To Risky, Remote Crossings Migrants Turn To Risky, Remote Crossings Audio will be available later today. With the numbers of migrants attempting to enter the U.S. now setting records, some people are trying to enter at the most remote parts of the American Southwest. Friday, June 28th, 2019 Listen · 13:54 13:54 Up First NPR's Up First is the news you need to start your day. The biggest stories and ideas — from politics to pop culture — in 10 minutes. NPR thanks our sponsors Become an NPR sponsor	null	-1	null	6
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,022,991	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	To the Editor: Re “San Francisco Spends $600,000 to Erase History,” by Bari Weiss (Sunday Review, June 30): This just in: A significant segment of the liberal community is turning anti-art. The San Francisco school board intends to destroy an iconic mural by the W.P.A. artist Victor Arnautoff at the city’s George Washington High School that depicts slaves picking cotton at Mount Vernon and colonizers walking past a Native American corpse. In this 13-panel 1936 m ural, Mr. Arnautoff, a Communist, painted a counternarrative to the whitewashed myths of American history common in school textbooks then and now. When important artworks of our cultural heritage are not just hidden away but destroyed, how do these desecrations differ from those of the Taliban, who blew up the Bamiyan Buddhas in Afghanistan, or the ISIS commanders who destroyed ancient monum ents near Palmyra, Syria ? As Ms. Weiss argues, this is Philistinism, a reflexive antipathy to what art is meant to do: challenge and provoke.	null	-1	null	6
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,060,874	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	PARIS — The French Parliament will start debating a bill on online hate speech and harassment on Wednesday, as countries around the world grapple with the question of what content is acceptable online and how to regulate huge technological platforms with a global reach. In France, laws regulating free speech are generally more restrictive than in the United States, and rules against violence or hate speech already exist. But the authorities say that the law needs to catch up with tech platforms. In an op-ed published this month in the newspaper Le Monde, a group of government ministers said that while social networks had created a “new horizon for socializing and exchanging,” they had also shown humanity’s “darkest sides.” Here is what you need to know about the proposal. Why is France debating this bill? President Emmanuel Macron announced the bill in February at a meeting of an umbrella group of Jewish organizations. Mr. Macron, who was addressing the group amid a resurgence of anti-Semitism around Europe, said that there was a need for “incisive, concrete” acts against all kinds of hate speech.	null	-1	null	7
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,081,227	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	JERUSALEM — For years, Palestinians in the crowded East Jerusalem neighborhood of Silwan have complained that the walls of their homes were settling and cracking, disturbed by an underground archaeological dig led by a right-wing Jewish settler group. On Sunday, when that dig was officially unveiled, not with a ribbon-cutting but with the ceremonial smashing of a brick wall, it was President Trump’s ambassador to Israel, David M. Friedman, who swung the first sledgehammer. The reverberations were literal and metaphorical. American ambassadors to Israel, to avoid being seen as taking Israel’s side in the conflict with the Palestinians, have long avoided public appearances in East Jerusalem. Israel captured East Jerusalem from Jordan in 1967 and then annexed it. Most of the world considers it illegally occupied, and the Palestinians want it as the capital of a future state. But Mr. Friedman has pulverized diplomatic barriers before. In October, he attended a business conference in the West Bank settlement of Ariel, reportedly the first official visit to a Jewish settlement by an American ambassador.	null	-1	null	8
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,040,609	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Until a few years ago, I taught an undergraduate research and writing course at Cooper Union, in Manhattan’s East Village. Founded in 1859, Cooper Union is the namesake of Peter Cooper, who used his fortune from real estate, steel, railroads and glue to endow a college where education would be as “free as air and water” for aspiring architects, engineers and artists. The promise held up for more than a century. But in the fall of 2011, after years of mismanagement, Cooper Union faced financial ruin. It announced that it would begin charging graduate students tuition — and possibly undergraduates, too. For months, with the support of activists from Occupy Wall Street, Cooper students held walkouts, sit-ins and noisy rallies. My students weren’t just fighting to keep their own education affordable. They were standing up for the principle of education as a public good. I’ve been thinking about them a lot in recent months, even more so since Elizabeth Warren announced a plan for free public college and a partial debt jubilee, funded by “an ultra-millionaire tax.” A few days ago, Bernie Sanders introduced the College for All Act, which would eliminate all $1.6 trillion of the nation’s student debt and fund states and tribes to offer tuition-free higher education. We will likely hear a lot of back and forth over the policy details during the Democratic primary race. Would the Sanders and Warren plans reach the neediest students? Wouldn’t debt forgiveness disproportionately help the middle class? Yet such criticisms, while well-intentioned, miss the emotional core of free college. The point, the red-hot sell, is that some things, like education, should be had by all — on equal terms. The debate over student debt is ultimately about our nation’s indefensible inequality.	null	-1	null	15
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	3,998,092	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Such appeals to reason and history failed to sway the school board. On Tuesday, it dismissed the option to pull an Ashcroft and simply cover the mural s, instead voting unanimously to paint them over. One of the commissioners, Faauuga Moliga, said before the vote on Tuesday that his chief concern was that “ kids are mentally and emotionally feeling safe at their schools. ” Thus he wanted “the murals to be painted down.” Mark Sanchez, the school board’s vice president, later told me that simply concealing the murals wasn’t an option because it would “allow for the possibility of them being uncovered in the future.” Destroying them was worth it regardless of the cost , he argued at the hearing, saying, “This is reparations.” These and other explanations from the board’s members reflected the logic of the Reflection and Action Working Group , a committee of activists, students, artists and others put together last year by the district. Arnautoff’s work, the group concluded in February, “glorifies slavery, genocide, colonization, Manifest Destiny, white supremacy, oppression, etc.” The art does not reflect “social justice,” the group said, and it “is not student-centered if it’s focused on the legacy of artists, rather than the experience of the students.” And yet many of the school’s actual students seemed to disagree. Of 49 freshmen asked to write about the murals, according to The Times, only four supported their removal. John M. Strain, an English teacher, told The Times’s Carol Pogash that his students “feel bad about offending people but they almost universally don’t think the answer is to erase it.” Which makes one wonder who these bureaucrats actually seek to protect. Is it the students? Or could it also be their reputations, given that those in favor of preserving the murals are being smeared as racists? “In my entire life, no one has ever, ever accused me of being a ‘white supremacist,’” Lope Yap Jr., a filmmaker and the vice president of the alumni association, told me. But if you buy into the expansive notion of “white supremacy” put forward by Alison Collins, one of the board commissioners, that is exactly what Mr. Yap, who is Filipino , is. “One of the earmarks of white supremacy culture is valuing (white) property over (Black & Brown) ppl,” Ms. Collins recently wrote on Twitter. “I think about this when I read comments from folks arguing to ‘protect’ the ‘Life of Washington’ murals.” Mr. Sanchez, the board vice president, told me: “A grave mistake was made 80 years ago to paint a mural at a school without Native American or African-American input. For impressionable young people who attend school to have any representation that diminishes people, specifically students from communities that have already been diminished, it’s an aggressive thing. It’s hurtful and I don’t think our students need to bear that burden.”	null	-1	null	15
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	18,457,625	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Video Councillors in Gloucestershire were spotted falling asleep during a meeting to discuss "serious and widespread failures" of children's services. Four councillors were spotted nodding off, including the deputy leader of the council. Shoppers in Gloucester city centre were shown a video of the councillors sleeping and asked what they thought.	null	-1	null	3
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	52,989,094	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Cheesecake Business Born During Shutdown Hits Walmart Nikki Howard and Jaqi Wright, founders and owners of The Furlough Cheesecake, launched their business during the government shutdown. Now their cheesecakes will be sold at Walmart. MICHEL MARTIN, HOST: Now here's a story about what we'll call the personal economy. Remember the government shutdown last winter? It was the longest in history, lasting 34 days. Months later, the effects of the shutdown are still being felt. But there's some good news to report. Last week, the House passed a measure that will provide backpay to low-wage federal contractors who went unpaid during that time. And a cheesecake business was born. Let's back up a second. Sisters Nikki Howard and Jaqi Wright both worked for the federal government and were both furloughed. Here's Nikki Howard. NIKKI HOWARD: Well, life goes on, so we still had to endure Christmas without any paychecks. MARTIN: No paychecks but lots of free time, which Nikki decided to fill with baking. On the menu, her specialty - cheesecake. HOWARD: The idea came from my mom, who said, it's so good you could sell it. And I said, well, sissy, why don't we sell it? She said, girl, I'm on furlough. And I said, let's call it The Furlough Cheesecake. JAQI WRIGHT: And when I said I'm on furlough, I was literally saying, I don't have a job right now, and we have time, so let's go for it. MARTIN: So they did, and their company, The Furlough Cheesecake, was born. Howard's daughter helped her set up their Instagram account. People loved seeing the pair baking their sweet potato cheesecake from their church's kitchen, and orders started coming in. Jaqi Wright picks up the story. WRIGHT: We were inside of Sam's Club getting ingredients so that we can bake our hundred cheesecakes. HOWARD: Our hundred - yes. WRIGHT: Our hundred cheesecakes. HOWARD: Because the goal was met. WRIGHT: Right. When I answered the phone, they said, hi, this is CNN. We wanted to know if you could come in today for an interview. This one turned around and ran down the aisle. I'm, like, OK. Can you come back so we can answer CNN, please? MARTIN: Then the sisters got a call from Ellen DeGeneres. (SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED RECORDING) ELLEN DEGENERES: You send me a cheesecake because I love cheesecake, all right? MARTIN: And the business took off from there. WRIGHT: So we furloughed the government back in March... HOWARD: That's it (laughter). WRIGHT: Officially - yeah. We turned in our things in March... HOWARD: And... WRIGHT: Full-time - this was our full-time effort. We gave them our furlough letter. HOWARD: That's right. We sure did. You know, when life gives you lemons, you make lemonade. So the furlough, I think, was a catalyst to make this business come alive. MARTIN: What's next for The Furlough Cheesecake? A contract with Walmart, for starters - and... WRIGHT: The moon and beyond. HOWARD: You've got to put that in... WRIGHT: Oh, yeah. HOWARD: ...To infinity. WRIGHT: Yes, we are looking to a bright future. HOWARD: We have no limits - really. So we're going anywhere the cheesecake will take us. MARTIN: And we'll take that cheesecake. Copyright © 2019 NPR. All rights reserved. Visit our website terms of use and permissions pages at www.npr.org for further information. NPR transcripts are created on a rush deadline by Verb8tm, Inc., an NPR contractor, and produced using a proprietary transcription process developed with NPR. This text may not be in its final form and may be updated or revised in the future. Accuracy and availability may vary. The authoritative record of NPR’s programming is the audio record.	null	-1	null	59
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	3,997,557	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	The European Union signed a trade deal with Vietnam on Sunday, underscoring the bloc’s commitment to opening up its market and trading freely in the face of rising protectionism and trade tensions around the world. The signing ceremony in Hanoi came just two days after the European Union had agreed to another, much bigger, free trade deal with four South American countries. The latest deal would eliminate 99 percent of the tariffs on goods and services between the European and Vietnamese markets, although some tariffs would progressively be cut over a decade and some agricultural products would be limited by quotas. “Good morning Vietnam!” Cecilia Malmstrom, the E.U.’s chief trade negotiator, wrote on Twitter hours before signing the deal with her counterpart, Tran Tuan Anh, Vietnam’s trade minister.	null	-1	null	4
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	52,937,142	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Trump Meets North Korea's Kim Jong Un And Says Nuclear Negotiations Will Resume Enlarge this image toggle caption Brendan Smialowski/AFP/Getty Images Brendan Smialowski/AFP/Getty Images Updated at 5:22 a.m. ET President Trump met North Korean leader Kim Jong Un for the third time Sunday, becoming the first sitting U.S. president to step foot in North Korea before announcing that the two countries would look to revive stalled nuclear talks. The meeting, held behind closed doors at the Demilitarized Zone that separates the two Koreas, lasted longer than Trump's initial stated plan of simply shaking hands. "I never expected to meet you at this place," Kim told Trump through an interpreter as they greeted each other at the demarcation line. Trump walked with Kim a few steps into North Korean territory where the two shook hands and posed for photos, before both crossed over into South Korea. Trump said stepping over the demarcation line was "a great honor," while Kim said the event "has a lot of significance because it means that we want to bring an end to the unpleasant past" and called it a "courageous and determined act." The two met privately in the building on the South Korean side known as Freedom House for about 50 minutes before Trump escorted Kim back to North Korea's territory. "The meeting was a very good one," Trump told reporters afterward, saying with nuclear negotiations, "we're not looking for speed, we're looking to get it right." He said the U.S. would be employing a designated team selected by Secretary of State Mike Pompeo to start work on new negotiations in the next few weeks, while North Korea would have a team as well. South Korean President Moon Jae-in, standing next to Trump, said the meeting and upcoming negotiations "presented a big hope" to the Korean people. Trump also confirmed that he would invite Kim to visit the United States. Trump said sanctions, which the North wants lifted and were a sticking point in the second meeting, would remain in place, but said he was "looking forward to taking them off." Earlier in the day in Seoul, Trump said "we've developed a very good relationship, and we understand each other, I do believe he understands me and I think I maybe understand him." Trump initially described the meeting as only a brief encounter to shake hands. Trump proposed the get-together on Twitter on Saturday while he was in Japan. He became the first sitting U.S. president to hold a summit with a sitting North Korean leader when he met with Kim in Singapore in June 2018. The summit ended with promises for North Korea to pursue denuclearization — but little in the way of details on how to get that done. Trump's second summit with Kim, in Vietnam in February, ended early after the two could not reach an agreement on moving forward. Trump said Kim insisted on sanctions being removed before dismantling key nuclear programs, to which he responded that "we couldn't do that." The two leaders have since exchanged letters. At the news conference earlier Sunday in Seoul, Trump and Moon were questioned about whether the meeting might help grease the wheels for a third formal summit between Trump and Kim on denuclearizing the Korean peninsula, with the potential for the North to abandon its nuclear arsenal in exchange for a lifting of heavy international sanctions. Trump was uncharacteristically restrained about the notion. "Let's see what happens today before we start thinking about that," he said. NPR's Michael Sullivan contributed reporting.	null	-1	null	24
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,054,183	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	Social media surveillance doesn’t always stop when travelers reach American shores, where their web of local contacts are likely to expand. Last year, Immigration and Customs Enforcement awarded a $100 million contract for continuous monitoring of 10,000 people annually that it calls high risk, and D.H.S. leadership has made it plain that it is looking for ways to monitor visitors and immigrants inside the United States. [If you use technology, someone is using your information. We’ll tell you how — and what you can do about it. Sign up for our limited-run newsletter.] Social media can reveal the most intimate aspects of our lives: whether a person is gay or straight, whether she is a gun owner or a supporter of Planned Parenthood, whether she goes to the mosque on Fridays or to church on Sundays. While this type of information is not relevant to security, it can be used to go after people the authorities disfavor by refusing them entry to the country, deporting them, targeting them for investigation, sharing their information with a repressive foreign government or just hassling them at the airport. One of President Trump’s first acts in office was to bar travelers from several Muslim countries. When the ban was struck down by federal courts, the State Department imposed additional vetting measures that just happened to cover about the same number of people as the ban. The following year, a draft D.H.S. report proposed tagging young Muslim men as “at-risk persons” for intensive screening and continuous monitoring. The administration has gone after those opposing its draconian immigration policies too, using social media to track activists from the southern border to New York City. The D.H.S.’s own tests show that social media content is an unreliable basis for making judgments about national security risk. A brief prepared for the incoming Trump administration explicitly questioned its utility: In pilot programs it was difficult to match individuals to their social media accounts, and even where a match was found, it was hard to judge whether there were “indicators of fraud, public safety, or national security concern.” False negatives were a problem too. One program for vetting refugees found that social media did not “yield clear, articulable links to national security concerns,” even for applicants who were identified as potential threats based on other types of screening.	null	-1	null	16
polusa	2019_1_test.csv	4,041,210	2019_1_test.csv0 53010215 1 59549287 2 59633617 3 52963105 4 18321756 ... 162989 4829910 162990 4889401 162991 4884295 162992 4760206 162993 4533244 Name: id, Length: 162994, dtype: int64	HARADZISCA, Belarus — With his vulnerable country under mounting pressure to integrate with Russia, its much bigger and stronger neighbor, a Belarusian poet and television presenter has identified what he thinks is potent weapon of defense: an inch-tall piece of carved deer antler. The figurine, unearthed by archaeologists in the ruins of an ancient city on the outskirts of Minsk, the Belarus capital, is a chess piece, probably a knight. It’s proof, in the poet’s view, that his country has existed for a millennium as a culture and polity separate from Russia. “This means that 1,000 years ago people on this spot were sitting playing chess,” said Gleb Labadzenka, the poet. “Our neighbors’ capitals — Moscow, Warsaw, Vilnius — did not even exist at this time, but here we were playing chess.” In Belarus, Ukraine and other parts of the defunct Soviet Union, an endless tug-of-war between Moscow and its former dominions has often been defined by quarrels over oil and gas pipelines, military alignments, and geopolitics.	null	-1	null	5

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