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<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What is a potential diagnosis for a child who experiences snoring with partial obstruction?[/INST] Childhood snoring with partial obstruction may be a symptom of choanal atresia.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What is a potential diagnosis and treatment plan for a patient with cough and congestion lasting over 10 days, severe symptoms (fever over 102 and purulent mucus for over 3 days), and symptoms that worsen after initial improvement?[/INST] The patient may have bacterial rhinosinusitis, which can be treated with oral antibiotics such as amoxicillin/clavulanate.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What is the name of the disease that presents with a vague non-specific infectious stage, followed by coughing spells interspersed with an inspiratory "whoop," and eventually resolves?[/INST] The disease is called pertussis.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What are the management strategies for antiphospholipid syndrome, both generally and in the context of pregnancy?[/INST] Antiphospholipid syndrome is generally managed with high dose warfarin, while antiphospholipid syndrome during pregnancy is managed with aspirin and LMW heparin.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What is the note about the deck of cards that contain information about arboviruses, and what is the suggested approach for filling in any gaps in the information provided?[/INST] The note states that there are too many viruses to cover in the deck and that only the most high-yield arboviruses have been included. The suggested approach for filling in any gaps is to do additional research and add information as needed.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What laboratory test, when negative or absent, can rule out the possibility of lupus?[/INST] A negative or absent result for ANA (sensitive) can rule out the possibility of lupus.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What is the next step when a rapid strep test comes back negative in a child or adolescent?[/INST] When a rapid strep test comes back negative in a child or adolescent, the next step is to perform a culture.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What are the characteristic symptoms of a third-degree burn?[/INST] The characteristic symptoms of a third-degree burn include lack of pain, white or charred edges, and full-thickness burn.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What medical condition is suggested by the presence of ketones or acidosis and a glucose level exceeding 800 mg/dL?[/INST] The presence of ketones or acidosis and a glucose level exceeding 800 mg/dL is suggestive of hyperglycemic hyperosmolar non-ketotic coma (HHNK).</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What is the recommended management for children under 5 years old with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) grades 1-3?[/INST] The recommended management for children under 5 years old with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) grades 1-3 is prophylactic antibiotics.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What is the recommended management for a patient with unstable angina and a positive stress test?[/INST] The recommended management for a patient with unstable angina and a positive stress test is cardiac catheterization.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What is the frontal axis indicated by a positive QRS in lead I and a positive QRS in lead II?[/INST] A positive QRS in lead I and a positive QRS in lead II indicates a normal frontal axis.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What conditions are associated with a lack of progestin withdrawal bleed and what does a positive progestin withdrawal bleed indicate?[/INST] A lack of progestin withdrawal bleed may be associated with low estrogen, outflow blockage, or Asherman's syndrome. A positive progestin withdrawal bleed indicates anovulation.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What is the recommended management for a patient with a positive PPD and negative X-ray?[/INST] The recommended management for a patient with a positive PPD and negative X-ray is INH for 9 months.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What degree of burn is indicated by the presence of pain, blistering, and partial thickness skin damage?[/INST] The presence of pain, blistering, and partial thickness skin damage indicates a 2nd degree burn.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What is the psychogenic cause of erectile dysfunction that is indicated by the presence of nocturnal erections?[/INST] The presence of nocturnal erections is indicative of a psychogenic cause of erectile dysfunction.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What type of infections are detected by a positive lactoferrin test?[/INST] A positive lactoferrin test is indicative of bacterial infections.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What medical procedure is typically recommended as a follow-up to a positive FOBT result?[/INST] A positive FOBT result typically leads to a colonoscopy.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What medical condition is suggested by a positive Coombs test?[/INST] A positive Coombs test is suggestive of autoimmune hemolytic anemia.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: How is a patient with a positive Chlamydia result and a negative gonorrhea result managed when tested with PCR testing?[/INST] A patient with a positive Chlamydia result and a negative gonorrhea result when tested with PCR testing is managed by treating chlamydia only.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What medical condition is suggested by a positive Carnett sign, which is characterized by pain with abdominal contraction?[/INST] A positive Carnett sign is suggestive of abdominal wall pain.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What is the prognosis for 'Triple-Negative' breast cancer, which is negative for ER, PR, and HER2/neu?[/INST] 'Triple-Negative' breast cancer, which is negative for ER, PR, and HER2/neu, has a poor prognosis.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What is the relationship between penetrance and the probability of inheriting a genotype in determining the risk of expressing a phenotype?[/INST] The relationship between penetrance and the probability of inheriting a genotype in determining the risk of expressing a phenotype is that % penetrance x probability of inheriting a genotype = risk of expressing phenotype.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What is the leading cause of ARDS?[/INST] The leading cause of ARDS is sepsis.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: How many word phrases or sentences are typically used by children between the ages of 1 and 5 years?[/INST] Children between the ages of 1 and 5 years typically use 1-5 word phrases or sentences.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What are the characteristic liver adhesions associated with Fitz-Hugh-Curtis Syndrome, and what is the underlying cause of this syndrome?[/INST] The characteristic liver adhesions associated with Fitz-Hugh-Curtis Syndrome are "violin-string adhesions," and the underlying cause of this syndrome is disseminated Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection of the peritoneum.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What types of corneal ulcers are typically seen in a fluorescein slit lamp exam of keratoconjunctivitis caused by HSV-1?[/INST] Serpiginous and dendritic corneal ulcers are typically seen in a fluorescein slit lamp exam of keratoconjunctivitis caused by HSV-1.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What is the term used to describe the period of low contractility in the heart that occurs in the hours to days following a myocardial infarction?[/INST] The term used to describe the period of low contractility in the heart that occurs in the hours to days following a myocardial infarction is myocardial stunning.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What is the meaning of the terms "zygotic," "chorionic," and "amniotic" in relation to pregnancy?[/INST] In relation to pregnancy, "zygotic" refers to the number of fertilizations, "chorionic" refers to the number of placentas, and "amniotic" refers to the number of amniotic sacs.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What is the significance of "triphasic bursts" or "sharp wave complexes" seen on an EEG?[/INST] The presence of "triphasic bursts" or "sharp wave complexes" on an EEG is indicative of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What is the significance of "triphasic bursts" seen on an EEG?[/INST] The presence of "triphasic bursts" on an EEG is indicative of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What is the significance of the "thumb-sign" seen on a lateral X-ray?[/INST] The presence of "thumb-sign" on a lateral X-ray is indicative of H. influenzae epiglottitis.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What medical condition is suggested by the presence of "tearing" chest pain that radiates to the back and unequal radial pulses?[/INST] The presence of "tearing" chest pain that radiates to the back and unequal radial pulses is suggestive of aortic dissection.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What is the "Rule of the Pupil" and what medical conditions are suggested by a CN3 lesion with pupil dilation, and a CN3 lesion without pupil dilation?[/INST] The "Rule of the Pupil" is a diagnostic tool used to identify the potential causes of a CN3 lesion. A CN3 lesion with pupil dilation is suggestive of a PCOM aneurysm, while a CN3 lesion without pupil dilation is suggestive of diabetes.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What medical condition is suggested by the presence of progressive muscle weakness in boys, calf pseudohypertrophy, and a child using their arms to stand up from a squat?[/INST] The presence of progressive muscle weakness in boys, calf pseudohypertrophy, and a child using their arms to stand up from a squat is suggestive of Muscular Dystrophy (Duchenne/Becker), which is an X-linked genetic disorder.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What medical condition is suggested by the presence of periarticular osteopenia on X-ray?[/INST] The presence of periarticular osteopenia on X-ray is suggestive of rheumatoid arthritis.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What medical condition is suggested by the presence of oil cysts and foam cells on mammography?[/INST] The presence of oil cysts and foam cells on mammography is suggestive of fat necrosis.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What are the common clinical features of "Locked-in" syndrome?[/INST] "Locked-in" syndrome is characterized by quadriplegia and loss of voluntary facial, mouth, and tongue movements.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What is the typical cause of "Locked-in" syndrome?[/INST] "Locked-in" syndrome is typically caused by a stroke of the basilar artery.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What is the class of drugs that includes Sitagliptin, Saxagliptin, Linagliptin, and Alogliptin, and what is their mechanism of action?[/INST] Sitagliptin, Saxagliptin, Linagliptin, and Alogliptin belong to the class of drugs called DPP-4 inhibitors, which work by inhibiting the enzyme DPP-4 to increase insulin secretion and lower blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What medical condition is characterized by "Leonine facies"?[/INST] "Leonine facies" are characteristic of Lepromatous leprosy, which is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium leprae.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What is "Busulfan Lung", and what type of lung damage does it typically cause?[/INST] "Busulfan Lung" is a term used to describe the pulmonary fibrotic pattern of lung damage that can be caused by the chemotherapy drug Busulfan.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What is the medical term for "Broken Heart Syndrome"?[/INST] "Broken Heart Syndrome" is also known as Takotsubo cardiomyopathy.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What are the symptoms of dengue fever, and how is it transmitted?[/INST] Dengue fever is characterized by symptoms such as "bone break fever" (muscle pain/fever), retroorbital pain, and hemorrhage (skin/nose). It is transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: Where in the cell are "Barr bodies" formed by lyonization typically visible?[/INST] "Barr bodies" formed by lyonization are typically visible at the periphery of the nucleus in the cell.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: How would you describe the timing of abdominal pain associated with perforation?[/INST] The timing of perforation abdominal pain is typically sudden onset.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What is Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Ataxia Syndrome, and with which type of cancer is it associated in adults?[/INST] Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Ataxia Syndrome is a paraneoplastic syndrome characterized by uncontrolled eye movements, muscle jerks, and problems with balance and coordination. It is associated with Small Cell Lung Cancer in adults.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What is Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Ataxia Syndrome, and with which type of cancer is it associated in children?[/INST] Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Ataxia Syndrome is a paraneoplastic syndrome characterized by uncontrolled eye movements, muscle jerks, and problems with balance and coordination. It is associated with Neuroblastoma in children.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: Is A part of B in a proportion of A/B?[/INST] Yes, A is part of B in a proportion of A/B.</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: What is the mnemonic "Microtubules Get Constructed Very Poorly" used for, and what are the drugs associated with each letter?[/INST] The mnemonic "Microtubules Get Constructed Very Poorly" is used to remember drugs that act on microtubules. The drugs associated with each letter are: M for Mebendazole (antihelminthic), G for Griseofulvin (antifungal), C for Colchicine (antigout), V for Vincristine/Vinblastine (anticancer), and P for Paclitaxel (anticancer).</s> |
<s>[INST]Answer this question truthfully: At what age does bed wetting (enuresis) become a concern?[/INST] At the age of 5 or older, bed wetting (enuresis) may become a concern and should be evaluated by a healthcare provider.</s> |
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