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TEXTO PARA AS QUESTÕES DE 35 A 37
From French electronic and Japanese indie to K-pop and
Spanish jazz, it's common for people to listen to songs they
don't necessarily understand. Not knowing the language of
the lyrics, it seems, doesn't stop people from liking—and
sometimes even singing along to—a song. Unless the listener
is looking up the dictionary meaning of the lyrics, then the
dictionary meaning of the lyrics doesn't make or break their
appreciation of a song. But why?
"It's a complicated answer," said musicologist Lisa
Decenteceo, adding that it all starts with what's called "sound
symbolism." Sound symbolism refers to the study of the
relationships between utterances and their meaning. This
doesn't have to do only with music. Marketers, for example,
can tune into sound symbolism as part of their strategy in
coming up with appealing brand names. In music as well as in
branding, Decenteceo explained, there's something about the
appeal of words as sounds, beyond their meaning in a
language. While things like culture and personal experiences
affect people's responses to different kinds of music, she
explained there are certain musical techniques that are
generally used to convey certain moods. One of which is scale.
"Songs in a major scale usually have brighter, happier sounds,
while minor scales usually have the slightly darker,
melancholic feel," explains Thea Tolentino, a music teacher.
The human brain is wired to respond to sound, she added.
In a process called entrainment, the brain "synchronizes our
breathing, our movement, even neural activities with the
sounds we hear." This is why fast-paced music is so popular
for running, for example, or why some yoga teachers play
rhythmic and melodic tracks in their classes. And there are
also the things that accompany the words. "Elements of sound
and music like pitch, melody, harmony, timbre, and amplitude
have an affective, emotional, psychological, cognitive, and
even physical impact on listeners. Music adds so much
meaning and dimension to texts through a complex of these
avenues," said Decenteceo. What all these things do, she
added, is liberate the words. "Song frees the voice from any
burden of saying anything meaningful". It's important, then,
to understand music as a discourse between musical
elements. But all in all, Decenteceo said there's value in
whatever immediate appeal people find in the music they
listen to, whether or not they understand the words. Music,
after all, is the universal language.
Disponível em https://www.vice.com/. March, 2022. Adaptado.
De acordo com o texto, os estudos sobre as propriedades do
som | 35 | USP_2023_35 | [
"a) indicam a complexidade musical da canção pop\ncontemporânea.",
"b) podem ter reflexos em áreas como o marketing e as\natividades esportivas.",
"c) influenciam as pesquisas acadêmicas sobre o fazer\npoético.",
"d) revelam as estratégias enganosas empregadas nas\ncampanhas publicitárias.",
"e) demonstram a falácia do conceito da música como\nlinguagem universal."
] | [] | B | false | string | [
"english"
] | true | false | false | true | false | false | [] | [] |
A combinação entre baixa biodiversidade, altas concentrações
de poluentes e baixas concentrações de oxigênio dissolvido,
que é verificada nos rios que passam por grandes centros
urbanos no Brasil, deve‐se principalmente à(ao) | 56 | USP_2020_56 | [
"a) descarte de garrafas PET e sacolas plásticas, aumentando \na cadeia de produção de microplásticos.",
"b) aumento de intervenções de engenharia, como a \nconstrução de pontes e dragagens.",
"c) aquecimento da água do rio devido ao aumento da \ntemperatura média nas metrópoles.",
"d) descarte de esgoto doméstico e industrial sem \ntratamento.",
"e) ocorrência mais frequente de longos períodos de \nestiagem, aumentando a evaporação."
] | [] | D | false | string | [
"geography",
"biology"
] | true | false | false | false | false | true | [] | [] |
Lançando-se determinada moeda tendenciosa, a
probabilidade de sair cara é o dobro da probabilidade de
sair coroa. Em dois lançamentos dessa moeda, a
probabilidade de sair o mesmo resultado é igual a | 19 | UNICAMP_2018_19 | [
"a) 1/2.",
"b) 5/9.",
"c) 2/3.",
"d) 3/5"
] | [] | B | false | string | [
"mathematics"
] | true | false | true | false | false | true | [] | [] |
Texto comum às questões 40, 41 e 42
Drones vêm sendo utilizados por empresas americanas
para monitorar o ambiente subaquático. Esses drones
podem substituir mergulhadores, sendo capazes de
realizar mergulhos de até cinquenta metros de
profundidade e operar por até duas horas e meia.
Leve em conta ainda os dados mostrados no gráfico da
questão anterior, referentes à temperatura da água (T) em
função da profundidade (d). Considere um volume
cilíndrico de água cuja base tem área A= 2 m², a face
superior está na superfície a uma temperatura constante
T_A e a face inferior está a uma profundidade d a uma
temperatura constante T_B, como mostra a figura a seguir.
Na situação estacionária, nas proximidades da superfície, a
temperatura da água decai linearmente em função de d ,
de forma que a taxa de transferência de calor por unidade
de tempo (Φ), por condução da face superior para a face
inferior, é aproximadamente constante e dada por
Φ =(κA(T_A - T_B))/d , em que κ=(0,6W)/(mx°C) é a condutividade
térmica da água. Assim, a razão (T_A-T_B)/d é constante para
todos os pontos da região de queda linear da temperatura
da água mostrados no gráfico apresentado.
Utilizando as temperaturas da água na superfície e na
profundidade d do gráfico e a fórmula fornecida, conclui-
se que, na região de queda linear da temperatura da água
em função de d, Φ é igual a
[IMAGE 0] | 42 | UNICAMP_2019_42 | [
"a) 0,03 W.",
"b) 0,05 W.",
"c) 0,40 W.",
"d) 1,20 W."
] | [
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"
] | A | true | string | [
"physics"
] | false | false | true | false | false | true | [
"A imagem mostra um cilindro de lados retos. Há duas superfícies circulares, uma no topo e outra na base. O raio da base é indicado pela letra \"A\". Uma seta vertical à esquerda, apontando para cima, indica a altura do cilindro e está marcada com \"d\". À direita, duas setas verticais representam temperaturas: \"T_A\" no topo apontando para baixo e \"T_B\" na base apontando para cima. Entre essas duas temperaturas, há o símbolo \"Φ\"."
] | [
"Diagrama de um volume cilíndrico de água com base de área A e duas faces: superior na superfície com temperatura T_A e inferior a uma profundidade d com temperatura T_B. Um vetor indica a taxa de transferência de calor Φ da face superior para a face inferior."
] |
Suponha que o polinômio p(x) = x^3 +𝑚x -2, em que 𝑚 é
um número real, tenha uma raiz real dupla 𝑎 e uma raiz real
simples 𝑏. O valor da soma de 𝑚 com 𝑎 é: | 38 | USP_2022_38 | [
"a) 0",
"b) -1",
"c) -2",
"d) -3",
"e) -4"
] | [] | E | false | string | [
"mathematics"
] | true | false | true | false | false | true | [] | [] |
Dentre os animais invertebrados, alguns grupos apresentam o sistema circulatório fechado, enquanto outros apresentam o sistema circulatório aberto, o que leva a diferenças em processos fisiológicos.
Nos invertebrados, o sistema circulatório | 55 | USP_2025_55 | [
"a) fechado apresenta uma menor pressão do sangue / hemolinfa em relação ao sistema circulatório aberto.",
"b) aberto apresenta o coração dividido em quatro cavidades: dois átrios e dois ventrículos.",
"c) fechado permite maior eficiência no transporte de oxigênio em relação ao sistema circulatório aberto.",
"d) aberto facilita a distribuição dos nutrientes aos tecidos em relação ao sistema circulatório fechado.",
"e) fechado mistura mais facilmente os gases respiratórios: oxigênio e dióxido de carbono."
] | [] | c | false | string | [
"biology"
] | false | false | false | false | false | true | [] | [] |
"[IMAGE 0]\n(Disponível em https://licensing.andrewsmcmeel.com/features/ba?date=2004-08-03. Acessa-(...TRUNCATED) | 2 | UNICAMP_2020_2 | ["a) ironiza uma ideia de liberdade de expressão.","b) critica políticas de imigração do governo(...TRUNCATED) | ["/9j/4AAQSkZJRgABAQAAAQABAAD/2wBDAAgGBgcGBQgHBwcJCQgKDBQNDAsLDBkSEw8UHRofHh0aHBwgJC4nICIsIxwcKDcpLD(...TRUNCATED) | A | true | string | [
"english"
] | true | false | false | true | false | false | ["A imagem é uma tirinha em preto e branco com dois jovens conversando. No primeiro quadro, um jove(...TRUNCATED) | ["Tirinha com dois personagens adolescentes discutindo. Um deles comenta que é rude alguém dizer a(...TRUNCATED) |
"O crescente interesse em combustíveis renováveis, \nderivados tanto da cana de açúcar(...TRUNCATED) | 38 | UNICAMP_2022_38 | ["a) primeira e de segunda geração; o aumento maior se dá \nna produção de bioetanol de segund(...TRUNCATED) | [] | A | false | string | [
"chemistry"
] | true | false | true | false | false | false | [] | [] |
"Uma empresa júnior de alunos de engenharia projetou um \ntermômetro mecânico para medir a t(...TRUNCATED) | 27 | USP_2024_27 | [
"a) 0°C",
"b) 75°C",
"c) 100°C",
"d) 150°C",
"e) 275°C"
] | ["/9j/4AAQSkZJRgABAQAAAQABAAD/2wBDAAgGBgcGBQgHBwcJCQgKDBQNDAsLDBkSEw8UHRofHh0aHBwgJC4nICIsIxwcKDcpLD(...TRUNCATED) | D | true | string | [
"physics"
] | false | true | true | false | false | true | ["A imagem mostra um fluido amarelo dentro de um recipiente. Um objeto cinza com a letra \"M\" está(...TRUNCATED) | ["Ilustração de um objeto de massa M suspenso por um fio dentro de um recipiente contendo óleo.",(...TRUNCATED) |
"A representação cartográfica a seguir refere‐se à viagem de \ncircunavegação, iniciada em(...TRUNCATED) | 62 | USP_2020_62 | ["a) revelava a permanência das técnicas e sentidos simbólicos \nda cosmografia medieval, que ori(...TRUNCATED) | ["/9j/4AAQSkZJRgABAQAAAQABAAD/2wBDAAgGBgcGBQgHBwcJCQgKDBQNDAsLDBkSEw8UHRofHh0aHBwgJC4nICIsIxwcKDcpLD(...TRUNCATED) | C | true | string | [
"history",
"geography"
] | true | true | false | false | false | true | ["A imagem é um mapa antigo do mundo, representado em uma projeção oval. Os continentes estão em(...TRUNCATED) | ["Mapa antigo ilustrando a viagem de circunavegação iniciada por Fernão de Magalhães, criado por(...TRUNCATED) |
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