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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30089698 | Which was the first adeno-associated virus vector gene therapy product approved in the United States? | The first adeno-associated virus vector gene therapy product in the United States was Luxturna. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21576357,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24973690,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28928081 | What is known about the gene MIR140? | Chondrocyte-specific microRNA-140 regulates endochondral bone development and targets Dnpep to modulate bone morphogenetic protein signaling.
Our findings showed the novel transcriptional role of miR140-5p in the expression of Nrf2 and miR-140-5p protected against Cisplatin induced oxidative stress by activating Nrf2-dependent antioxidant pathway, providing a potentially therapeutic target in acute kidney injury. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30089698 | Which gene therapy treatment is FDA approved for retinal dystrophy? | Luxturna is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of inherited retinal dystrophy. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25773457,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23969030,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23971022,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27014891,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30488082,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30408721,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28375882,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22812714,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29455296,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21838298,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27686043,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20685855,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23332247,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29747642,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19095358,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23017499 | Salivary Cortisol is a biomarker for what disease/syndrome/condition? | Salivary cortisone , as a biomarker for psychosocial stress , is associated with state anxiety and heart rate .
ortisol as a stress biomarkerSalivary cortisone, as a biomarker for psychosocial stress, is associated with state anxiety and heart rate.Salivary Cortisol is a biomarker for stressThese results suggest that the saliva cortisol level is therefore a useful biomarker to evaluate the stress in AD patients. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28801534,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30395807,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27648547,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29169058,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27902332,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28137885,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28940468,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28920955,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26944200 | What is the function of the cGAS pathway? | The cGAS-STING pathway not only mediates protective immune defense against infection by a large variety of DNA-containing pathogens but also detects tumor-derived DNA and generates intrinsic antitumor immunity. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27546532 | Does RUNX2 inhibit astrocyte differentiation? | No, RUNX2 promostes astrocyte differentiation. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22005615,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29531424 | What are 5 key questions in human performance modeling? | There are five key questions of human performance modeling: 1) Why we build models of human performance; 2) What the expectations of a good human performance model are; 3) What the procedures and requirements in building and verifying a human performance model are; 4) How we integrate a human performance model with system design; and 5) What the possible future directions of human performance modeling research are.the five key questions of human performance modeling: 1) why we build models of human performance; 2) what the expectations of a good human performance model are; 3) what the procedures and requirements in building and verifying a human performance model are; 4) how we integrate a human performance model with system design; and 5) what the possible future directions of human performance modeling research are.the five key questions of human performance modeling: 1) Why we build models of human performance; 2) What the expectations of a good human performance model are; 3) What the procedures and requirements in building and verifying a human performance model are; 4) How we integrate a human performance model with system design; and 5) What the possible future directions of human performance modeling research are.the five key questions of human performance modeling: 1) Why we build models of human performance; 2) What the expectations of a good human performance model are; 3) What the procedures and requirements in building and verifying a human performance model are; 4) How we integrate a human performance model with system design; and 5) What the possible future directions of human performance modeling research are |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24572368,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28233068,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30232455,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11286884,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27571177,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23870259,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15679840 | What is the mode of action of the Tc toxins? | The toxin complex (tc) genes of bacteria comprise a large and growing family whose mode of action remains obscure. Tc toxins are widely distributed among different gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, where they act as pathogenicity factors. Tripartite Tc toxin complexes of bacterial pathogens perforate the host membrane and translocate toxic enzymes into the host cell, including in humans. The underlying mechanism is complex but poorly understood. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19121369 | What does RUNX2 stand for? | Runt related factor-2 |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29413774 | Where, in the body, would the Cobb-Stainsby excision arthroplasty be performed? | The Cobb-Stainsby forefoot arthroplasty combines partial phalangectomy ( Stainsby ) with extensor tendon transfer to the metatarsal head ( Cobb ) .The Cobb-Stainsby forefoot arthroplasty combines partial phalangectomy (Stainsby) with extensor tendon transfer to the metatarsal head (Cobb)The Cobb-Stainsby forefoot arthroplasty combines partial phalangectomy (Stainsby) with extensor tendon transfer to the metatarsal head (Cobb).The Cobb-Stainsby forefoot arthroplasty combines partial phalangectomy (Stainsby) with extensor tendon transfer |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30053394,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30372816,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29683473 | Are cardenolides inhibitors of Na+/K+ ATPase? | Yes,
Cardenolides have shown significant antitumor activity due to their ability to inhibit the Na+K+ATPase enzyme, and the expression of this enzyme is increased in tumor cells. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22726826 | Can antisense threapy be used for Huntington's disease? | Yes, antisense oligonucleotide therapy has been shown to lower Huntingtin mRNA levels and be beneficial against Huntington's disease. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29300010 | What are acoustic reported genes used to detect? | Acoustic reporter genes are genetic constructs that allow bacterial gene expression to be visualized in vivo using ultrasound.acoustic reporter genes , which are genetic constructs that allow bacterial gene expression to be visualized in vivo using ultrasound ,Here we introduce acoustic reporter genes, which are genetic constructs that allow bacterial gene expression to be visualized in vivo using ultrasoundHere we introduce acoustic reporter genes, which are genetic constructs that allow bacterial gene expression to be visualized in vivo using ultrasound,acoustic reporter genes, which are genetic constructs that allow bacterial gene expression to be visualized in vivo using ultrasound, |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30092116,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30028636,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29457836 | What is a lipin 1 protein doing? | As a lipin family founding member, lipin1 exerts dual functions as a phosphatidate phosphatase enzyme and/or a co-transcriptional regulator in lipid metabolism. In fact, it is also involved in many other cell processes. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30251172 | Which company produces patisiran? | Patisiran has been developed by Alnylam Pharmaceuticals. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21172808,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25065756 | What protein is recruited by Crumbs to regulate tracheal development? | In Drosophila, stellate-shaped tracheal terminal cells make seamless tubes, Early endocytosis maintains normal steady-state levels of Crumbs, which recruits apical phosphorylated (active) Moesin (Moe), which in turn regulates seamless tube shape in the development of the trachea. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27384346,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18991091,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20488735 | Is collagen matrix of human articular cartilage changing with disease? | No,
The collagen matrix of human articular cartilage is an essentially permanent structure that has no significant turnover in adults, even with the occurrence of disease. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29164954 | Is ustekinumab a polyclonal antibody? | Ustekinumab is a human monoclonal IgG1 antibody targeting the p40-subunit shared by interleukin (IL)12 and IL-23. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24806082,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17101319,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21035199,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19009647,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22231739,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15648018,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17646723,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19129426,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18350524,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26019019,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27376422,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12176667,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17983856,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29392854,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12352514,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17096064,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16254526,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17251274 | Where in the body, is ghrelin secreted? | Ghrelin, an orexigenic peptide, is secreted from endocrine cells in the gastric mucosa.Ghrelin , an orexigenic peptide , is secreted from endocrine cells in the gastric mucosa .BACKGROUND: Ghrelin, an orexigenic peptide, is secreted from endocrine cells in the gastric mucosa.ghrelin, an orexigenic peptide, is secreted from endocrine cells in the gastric mucosa. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29777033,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29311472,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29329782 | List the ERM proteins. | ezrin
radixin
moesin |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29671387 | What is epitranscriptomics? | Epitranscriptomics is the fast expanding area of RNA modifications. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29937317,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24780007,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18417718,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26729407,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23981771,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15103228,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30353146,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19024936,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12660880,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18191042,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29278852,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14962997,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19095472,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14644422,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27079485 | What is resistin? | The adipocyte-secreting adipokine, resistin, may play a critical role in the modulation of inflammatory diseases.Resistin, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29399171,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29355758 | Is Pim-1 a protein phosphatase? | No,
Pim-1 is a kinase and not a phosphatase. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25373779,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19752190,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28886070 | Name three binding partners of cofilin 2. | Cofilin 2 can bind miR-201a, the protein 14-3-3, and ATP/ADP-Pi-actin filaments. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28898511,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7683649,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22580065,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1282192,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9094221,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25648404,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22941504 | What is the function of GvpA? | The gas vesicle wall is solely formed of proteins with the two major components, GvpA and GvpC, andThe gas vesicle wall is solely formed of proteins with the two major components, GvpA and GvpC, and seven additional accessory proteins are also involved.Gas vesicles are proteinaceous, gas-filled nanostructures produced by some bacteria and archaea. The hydrophobic major structural protein GvpA forms the ribbed gas vesicle wall.The gas vesicle wall is solely formed of proteins with the two major components, GvpA and GvpC,the gas vesicle wall is solely formed of proteins with the two major components, gvpa and gvpc, |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21436515,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30414824,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24835634,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30063219,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29075937,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26891350,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25147518,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24080080,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26736445 | What is a SMR based BCI? | Many Brain Computer Interface (BCI) and neurofeedback studies have investigated the impact of sensorimotor rhythm (SMR)An SMR based BCI is a SensoriMotor Rhythm Based brain-Computer Interface (BCI). It is an alternative communication system between the human brain and an output device and is controlled by a sensorimotor rhythm (SMR), a type of brain wave. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28430012,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27880072,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27532209,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28833404 | Is myc a tumour suppressor gene? | No,
Myc is a proto-oncogene. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29583030 | Which syndrome is associated to SAMHD1 gene mutations? | Mutations in the SAMHD1 gene that cause the severe autoimmune disease, Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome (AGS). |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29471350,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29432170,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29367421,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29107100,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29324855,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29320607,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29187402,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29295817,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29426838 | List proteins with RING domain. | RING1
TRIM proteins
TRAF6
UHRF1
MARCH7
SINA
BRCA1 |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22442717,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20942817,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22912404,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12060782,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20098695,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10764768,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27327781 | What conditions are associated with mutations in the gene FAAH? | Human FAAH gene mutations are associated with increased body weight and obesity. Results suggest that genetic mutations in FAAH may constitute important risk factors for problem drug use and support a potential link between functional abnormalities in the endogenous cannabinoid system and drug abuse and dependence.
research on the genetic modulation of pain has already identified variants in these genes, relative to pain, which may facilitate the pharmacogenetic assessments of new analgesics. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29427825,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29437776,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29150834,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29666621 | What is the results of mutations in the gene autoimmune regulator? | Autoimmune-polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) is a primary immunodeficiency caused by mutations in the autoimmune regulator gene (AIRE) |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28346015,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28770472,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28819811 | Is CD63 an exosomal marker? | Yes,
CD63 is a exosomal marker |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16462969,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12402493,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7810468,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17182345,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9217340,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30014307,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12521560,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28806018,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25437686,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16777239,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29404826,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9951090,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12172943,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22030191,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29682134,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29131135 | Is subdural empyema a complication of sinusitis? | Yes, subdural empyema can be a complication of sinusitis |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26999324,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28691196 | What is aphasia? | Aphasia is an inability to comprehend or formulate language because of damage to specific brain regions. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29398602,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30217516 | Anaplasma phagocytophilum is an obligate gram-negative, intracellular bacterium, yes or no | Anaplasma phagocytophilum is an obligate gram-negative, intracellular bacterium and causes anaplasmosisThe genus Anaplasma belonging to the Anaplasmataceae family (order Rickettsiales) comprises obligate intracellular Gram-negative bacteria of veterinary and public health importance. nov. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28887424,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30352386,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27896412,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29130184,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26989738,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12426339,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19464950 | What is the role of Acyl-Homoserine Lactone in bacteria? | A number of bacteria use a class of chemical compounds called acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) as quorum sensing (QS) signals to coordinate their behavior at the population level, including pathogens like Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Some bacteria use a class of chemical compounds called acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) as quorum sensing (QS) signals to coordinate their behavior at the population level.tructural analogues of acyl homoserine lactones with Quorum Sensing antagonist activity. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27603326,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28633733,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23735074,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28185174,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23700188,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29606668,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28536935,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30358861 | List 3 indications for rituximab. | Rituximab is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis as well as poly- and dermatomyositis, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, and Pemphigus foliaceus (PF). |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25575657,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30033129,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16227208,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22339127,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15808862,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23936194,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22926267 | Is the crystal structure of Pim-1 available? | Yes,
The crystal structures of Pim1 in apo form and bound with AMPPNP have been solved |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28767130 | Do tumour-associated macrophages have a prognostic role in gliomas? | M2-like TAMs hold an unfavourable prognostic value in high-grade gliomas and may contribute to a pro-tumourigenic microenvironment. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24089530,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20689058 | Is TNF-α an activator of pancreatic stellate cells? | Yes,
TNF-α is the prime factor responsible for the activation of pancreatic stellate cells. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29158129,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29357914 | Can mitochondria transfer from cell to cell? | Yes,
the recently discovered phenomenon of mitochondrial transfer between mammalian cells has gained momentum since it was first described in cell culture systems more than a decade ago. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19849665,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12365824,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9693236,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12038658,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9744839,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11673584,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11692032 | Can Enlimomab improve stroke outcomes? | No. Anti-ICAM therapy with enlimomab is not an effective treatment for ischemic stroke and, indeed, may significantly worsen stroke outcome. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7699956,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8357522,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21141008,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24398087,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30957516,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8545576,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29873249,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23165304 | What is the Triad of Alport Syndrome? | Alport syndrome is a rare condition characterized by the clinical triad of nephritic syndrome, sensorineural deafness, and ophthalmological alterations. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26355710,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26887977,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27402864,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28960866,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23814079,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23284647,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28067907 | Does GRHL2 over-expression lead to EMT? | Grainyhead-like 2 (Grhl2), a transcription factor, has been reported to be associated with several tumor processes including EMT. Grhl2 antagonizes transforming growth factor-b (TGFb)-induced EMTThe transcription factor--Grainyhead-like 2 (GRHL2) maintains the epithelial phenotype. Grhl2 is a suppressor of EMT. Grhl2 antagonizes transforming growth factor-b (TGFb)-induced EMT.The transcription factor grainyhead-like 2 (GRHL2) plays a crucial role in various developmental processes Grhl2 antagonizes transforming growth factor-b (TGFb)-induced EMT |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23442585 | What is Intanza? | Intanza(r) 9 ug (sanofi pasteur) is a microneedle-delivered intradermal trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine approved in 2009 for the prevention of seasonal influenza in adults 18 to 59 years of age. The microneedle system reliably and reproducibly delivers the vaccine to the dermis. Clinical studies show that Intanza 9 ug is as immunogenic and as well tolerated in working-age adults as a reference intramuscular trivalent inactivated vaccine. Local reactions to Intanza 9 ug, mainly erythema, are transient, mostly mild or moderate, and do not affect acceptability. Intanza 9 ug is considered satisfactory by at least 95% of both vaccinees and prescribers, especially because of the short needle and rapid administration. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27457797 | Is the Fluzone intradermal and the Fluzone intradermal quadrivalent vaccine produced by different companies? | No, the Fluzone Intradermal vaccine and the Fluzone Intradermal Quadrivalent vaccine are produced by Sanofi Pasteur. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27169045,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30115053,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23429676,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31464935,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27879508,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29075906,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27236580,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23473658 | What is the purpose of the Barricaid annular closure device? | Barricaid annular closure device can improve outcome after lumbar discectomy by reducing the risk of recurrent disc herniation of the same level. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27200222,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28337123,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29431277,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27782879,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25769649,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28143937,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15345242,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25634725,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20504995,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17997046,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22297041,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29078406,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24916645,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27428650,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22865604,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24399845,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19349604,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15549394 | What disease is associated with mutations in the MECP2 transcription factor? | mutations in the methyl-cpg-binding protein-2 gene (mecp2) are commonly associated with rett syndromeMutations in the MECP2 transcription factor, which codes for the transcription factor ECE1, have been found to be associated with Rett syndrome.Mutations in the methyl-CpG-binding protein-2 gene (MECP2) are commonly associated with Rett syndrome. Mutations in the MECP2 gene cause the neurodevelopmental disorder Rett syndrome (RTT).Mutations in the methyl-CpG-binding protein-2 gene (MECP2) are commonly associated with Rett syndrome.Mutations in the MECP2 gene cause the neurodevelopmental disorder Rett syndrome (RTT).Rett syndrome (RS) is a debilitating neurological disorder affecting mostly girls with heterozygous mutations in the gene encoding the methyl-CpG-binding protein MeCP2 on the X chromosomeMutations in the MECP2 transcription factor, which encodes the cellular iron exporter ferroportin, are associated with Rett syndrome. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29175445,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30246318,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29229941 | Is endotrophin derived from collagen? | Yes,
Endotrophin is released from COL VI. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27167138,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25381300,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24298022,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29226558,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31761834,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26506009,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29566437,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27462398,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28905498,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30095981 | Which receptor is inhibited by bimagrumab? | Bimagrumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody that blocks the activin type II receptors, preventing the activity of myostatin and other negative skeletal muscle regulators. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22544262,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1963869,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1309715,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15579677,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11604517,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8389458 | Where is the yeast transpozable element Ty3 preferentially inserted? | Ty3 is preferentially inserted in genes encoding transfer RNA genes.The retrovirus-like element Ty3 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae integrates at the transcription initiation region of RNA polymerase III genes and is preferentially inserted in transfer RNA genes.Ty3 integrates within the region of RNA polymerase III transcription initiation. Thus, genomic insertions of Ty3 in a particular orientation are apparently specified by the target, while the actual position of the insertion relative to the tRNA-coding sequence can vary slightly.The retrovirus-like element Ty3 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae integrates at the transcription initiation region of RNA polymerase IIIThe yeast transpozable element Ty3 is preferentially located in the promoter region of genes encoding ribosomal proteins.rna polymerase iiiTy3 inserts at transcription initiation sites of genomic tRNA genes and plasmid-borne 5S and U6 RNA genes transcribed by RNA polymerase III. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27549440,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7756242,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24571710,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26793693,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29801510,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29352751,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11528505,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17268712,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8740138,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29401559,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11147855,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12847376,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6728549,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16732824,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23015348,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29731315 | List features of the Currarino triad. | Currarino syndrome is a congenital malformation syndrome typically characterized by sacral agenesis, anorectal malformation, and presence of a pre-sacral mass. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26222134 | When was Afrezza approved by the FDA? | Afrezza was approved by the FDA in June 2014. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21745556,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26002568,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18316200,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29318969 | What are invasomes | Ultra-flexible vesicles, e.g. invasomes and core-multishell (CMS) nanotransporters are efficient drug delivery systemsinvasomes and core-multishell (CMS) nanotransporters are efficient drug delivery systems for dermatological applications.Invasomes are novel vesicular systems that exhibit improved transdermal penetration compared to conventional liposomes. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29180617,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30195756 | Which T-UCRs have been implicated in lung cancer? | Transcribed ultraconserved regions (T-UCRs) classified as long non-coding RNAs (Lnc-RNAs) are transcripts longer than 200-nt RNA with no protein-coding capacity. The clinicopathologic significance and regulatory mechanism of T-UCRs in lung cancer (LC) remain largely unknown. Uc.454 is downregulated in both non-small-cell LC (NSCLC) tissues and LC cell lines, and the downregulated uc.454 is associated with tumor size and tumors with more advanced stages. Transfection with uc.454 markedly induces apoptosis and inhibites cell proliferation in SPC-A-1 and NCI-H2170 LC cell lines. Thus uc.454 potentially plays a suppressive role in LC. Transcribed uc.339 is upregulated in archival NSCLC samples, functioning as a decoy RNA for miR-339-3p, -663b-3p, and -95-5p. As a result, Cyclin E2, a direct target of all these microRNAs is upregulated, promoting cancer growth and migration. Modulation of uc.339 affects microRNA expression. However, overexpression or downregulation of these microRNAs causes no significant variations in uc.339 levels. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19117896 | Can Daptacel be used instead of IPOL? | No, Daptacel is a diphtheria, tetanus, 5-component acellular pertussis vaccine, while IPOL is an inactivated poliovirus vaccine. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27889958,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28116710 | Is ACE2 expressed on cell surfaces? | Yes,
ACE2 is a type 1 integral membrane protein and contains a catalytically active ectodomain that can be shed from the cell surface into the extracellular space. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18410825,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18198796,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24424330,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31764815,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28905844,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23434442,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11725188,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24674953,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25911021,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10525768,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28347678,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29312874,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23914112,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21917272 | List symptoms of the One-and-a-half syndrome. | One-and-a-half syndrome is defined by conjugated horizontal gaze palsy and internuclear ophthalmoplegia. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27457797 | When was Fluzone Intradermal replaced with Fluzone Intradermal Quadrivalent? | Fluzone Intradermal was replaced with Fluzone Intradermal Quadrivalent vaccine in advance of the 2015-2016 season. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3632013,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2300390,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2249207,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10640978,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24107814,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8197773,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2827818 | List the cancers that are associated with SBLA syndrome. | Li-Fraumeni syndrome is an autosomal dominant inherited disorder also known as the SBLA cancer syndrome (sarcoma, breast, leukemia, and adrenal). Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is characterized by a plethSBLA cancer syndrome (sarcoma, breast, leukemia, and adrenal).Li-Fraumeni syndrome is an autosomal dominant inherited disorder also known as the SBLA cancer syndrome (sarcoma, breast, brain, lung, lymphoma, leukemia, laryngeal and adrenal). |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29183006 | Can leuprorelin acetate be used as androgen deprivation therapy? | Yes, leuprorelin acetate is being used as androgen deprivation therapy. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28512853 | Which factors are included in the the APPEND score? | APPEND score components are anorexia, migratory Pain, local Peritonism, Elevated C-reactive protein, Neutrophilia and male gender (Dude). It is an acute appendicitis clinical prediction rule. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17667940,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10072425,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10739666,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20981248,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21880588,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17018603 | What is the function of the SSX proteins? | The SYT protein appears to act as a transcriptional co-activator and the SSX proteins as co-repressorsThe SYT protein appears to act as a transcriptional co-activator and the SSX proteins as co-repressors. Together, we conclude that the SS18-SSX2 fusion protein may act as a so-called transcriptional "activator-repressor," which induces downstream target gene deregulation through epigenetic mechanisms. The synovial-sarcoma-associated SS18-SSX2 fusion protein induces epigenetic gene (de)regulation. Taken together, these results led us to conclude that the SSX moiety, especially the most C-terminal 34 amino acids, of the SYT-SSX fusion proteins is crucial for aberrant spatial targeting and transcriptional control within the nucleus.transcriptional co-activatorThe SYT protein appears to act as a transcriptional co-activator and the SSX proteins as co-repressors Taken together, these results led us to conclude that the SSX moiety, especially the most C-terminal 34 amino acids, of the SYT-SSX fusion proteins is crucial for aberrant spatial targeting and transcriptional control within the nucleus.The SSX moiety, especially the most C-terminal 34 amino acids, of the SYT-SSX fusion proteins is crucial for aberrant spatial targeting and transcriptional control within the nucleus.The SYT protein appears to act as a transcriptional co-activator and the SSX proteins as co-repressors. Taken together, these results led us to conclude that the SSX moiety, especially the most C-terminal 34 amino acids, of the SYT-SSX fusion proteins is crucial for aberrant spatial targeting and transcriptional control within the nucleus. The synovial-sarcoma-associated SS18-SSX2 fusion protein induces epigenetic gene (de)regulation. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28883042,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28822114 | Are astrocytes part of the blood brain barrier? | Yes
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a tight boundary formed between endothelial cells and astrocytes, which separates and protects brain from most pathogens as well as neural toxins in circulation. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20619378 | What is Invaplex 50? | The Shigella flexneri Invaplex 50 is a macromolecular complex containing IpaB, IpaC, and LPS, formulated from an aqueous extract of virulent Shigella delivered via nasal administration. It is used against shigellosis, a leading cause of diarrhea worldwide. The Invaplex 50 nasal vaccine was safe with encouraging mucosal immune responses. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18606711 | Which X chromosome abnormalities present lupus-like symptoms? | Lupus-like symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are caused by X-linked mutations in the genes Tlr7 and Y.Yaa-mediated acceleration of SLE as well as various Yaa-linked cellular traits cannot be explained by the Tlr7 gene duplication alone, and suggest additional contributions from other duplicated genes in the translocated X chromosome.genetic abnormality in its Y chromosome, designated Yaa (Y-linked autoimmune acceleration).Tlr7 and Y chromosome abnormalities present lupus-like symptoms with considerable phenotypic overlap.X-chromosome abnormalities (Tlr7 and Y) present lupus-like symptoms.the accelerated development of systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) in male bxsb mice is associated with the genetic abnormality in its y chromosomeYaa-mediated acceleration of SLE as well as various Yaa-linked cellular traits cannot be explained by the Tlr7 gene duplication alone, and suggest additional contributions from other duplicated genes in the translocated X chromosome. The accelerated development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in male BXSB mice is associated with the genetic abnormality in its Y chromosome, designated Yaa (Y-linked autoimmune acceleration).The accelerated development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in male BXSB mice is associated with the genetic abnormality in its Y chromosome, designated Yaa (Y-linked autoimmune acceleration) but additional contributions from other duplicated genes in the translocated X chromosome also existThe accelerated development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in male BXSB mice is associated with the genetic abnormality in its Y chromosome, designated Yaa (Y-linked autoimmune acceleration).X-chromosomal abnormalities in patients with SLE present lupus-like symptoms. X-chromatin abnormality on X chromosome 14q11.2, which encodes X-linked leiomyosarcoma, is the most common chromosomal abnormality in SLE. There is also a publication that links X- chromosome abnormalities to lupUS disease with synostosis.The accelerated development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in male BXSB mice is associated with the genetic abnormality in its Y chromosome, designated Yaa (Y-linked autoimmune acceleration). Yaa-mediated acceleration of SLE as well as various Yaa-linked cellular traits cannot be explained by the Tlr7 gene duplication alone, and suggest additional contributions from other duplicated genes in the translocated X chromosome.yaaLupus-like symptoms are present due to X-chromosomal abnormalities such as X-linked leiomyosarcoma, polycystic kidney disease, myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), and X- linked hypogonadotropic hypomyelitis. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29137239 | Which lncRNAS are regulated by SAM68? | Hotair, Mir155hg, as well as SR-lncRNA-1 and SR-lncRNA-2 are regulated by Sam68, and contained consensus Sam68 binding sites. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23222005 | How many proteins have been queried for protein partners by the Drosophila protein interaction map (DPiM)? | Over 5,000 proteins have been queried for protein partners by the Drosophila protein interaction map (DPiM).5,000 proteins have been queried for protein partners by the Drosophila protein interaction map (DPiM).Defining protein-protein interactions in protein complexes, and establishing the when, what and where of potential interactions, is crucial to understanding the cellular function of any protein-especially those that have not been well studied by traditional molecular genetic approaches. In the Drosophila protein interaction map (DPiM) protein partners of nearly 5,000 Drosophila melanogaster proteins have been identified. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30373770,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27913310,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29691411,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28657115,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25116430 | What is known about the orphan receptor GPR151? | Gpr151 is an orphan GPCR whose function is unknown. The restricted pattern of neuronal expression in the habenula, dorsal horn of the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion plus homology with the galanin family of receptors imply a role in nociception.
Our data demonstrate that GPR151 is highly conserved, specific for a subdivision of the habenular neurocircuitry, and constitutes a promising novel target for psychiatric drug development. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19086841,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22551548,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29985349,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28818333,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25945745,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30004834,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31719101,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28218344,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30588330,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29946497,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27516001,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20213384,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10484981 | Is Li–Fraumeni syndrome a rare, autosomal recessive, hereditary disorder that predisposes carriers to cancer development? | Li-Fraumeni syndrome is a rare, autosomal DOMINANT, hereditary disorder that predisposes carriers to cancer development.Yes, Li-Fraumeni syndrome is a rare, autosomal recessive, hereditary disorder that predisposes carriers to cancer development.li-fraumeni syndrome is a rare cancer predisposition syndrome inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25543845,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27587201,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23568179,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23251765,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23553779,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21081710,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29572471 | Which is the target of belimumab in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus treatment? | Belimumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody directed against BAFF. Belimumab, a human monoclonal antibody specific for soluble BLyS, was ultimately approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in March 2011 for active autoantibody patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) despite standard therapy.blysThe main therapeutic target of belimumab is BLySBelimumab: a BLyS-specific inhibitor for systemic lupus erythematosus To review the efficacy, safety, dosing, drug interactions, as well as economic and therapeutic considerations of belimumab, an invBelimumab is an anti-BAFF monoclonal antibody. BAFF is also known as BLyS (B-lymphocyte stimulator).Belimumab: a BLyS-specific inhibitor for systemic lupus erythematosus To review the efficacy, safety, dosing, drug interactions, as well as economic and therapeutic considerations of belimumab, an investigational B-lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) inhibitor.Belimumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody against B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS), a B-cell survival factor, was licensed in 2011 for the treatment of autoantibody-positive SLEBelimumab: a BLyS-specific inhibitor for systemic lupus erythematosus Belimumab, an anti-BAFF monoclonal antibodyBelimumab: a BLyS-specific inhibitor for systemic lupus erythematosus Belimumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody against B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS), a B-cell survival factor, was licensed in 2011 for the treatment of autoantibody-positive SLEbelimumab is a blys-specificsor for systemic lupus erythematosBelimumab is a fully human anti-BLyS monoclonal antibody with specificity for BLyS. It is approved for SLE treatment.Belimumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody against B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS), was licensed in 2011 for the treatment of autoantibodies to Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Belimumab: a BLyS-specific inhibitor for systemic lupus erythematosus.Belimumab: a BLyS-specific inhibitor for systemic lupus erythematosus To review the efficacy, safety, dosing, drug interactions, as well as economic and therapeutic considerations of belimumab, an investigational B-lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) inhibitor. Belimumab, an anti-BAFF monoclonal antibody |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27571157,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26092326,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30585889,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26148985,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31753769,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31318040,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28384518,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29322820,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29555354 | Salzburg EEG criteria are used to diagnose which disorder? | Salzburg EEG criteria are used to diagnose Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29785026,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25706881,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29404406,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25189621 | List the components of the COMPASS complex | MLL4
MLL3
WDR5
RBBP5
ASH2
SET1 |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26222134 | Has the drug Afrezza been approved by the FDA? | Yes, Afrezza has been approved by the FDA. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28820013,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31796822,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30213803,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29369733,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29328521,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29565219,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27300318,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27834394,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31424490,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29514948,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31668125 | Central Vein Sign is characteristic to which disease? | Central vein sign on FLAIR* magnetic resonance imaging is highly specific and sensitive for multiple sclerosis. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29785026,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29762619,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28675691 | Which is the catalytic activity of the protein encoded by the gene KMT2C? | The lysine methyltransferase KMT2C (also known as MLL3), a subunit of the COMPASS complex, implements monomethylation of Lys4 on histone H3 (H3K4) at gene enhancers. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17386158,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9243088,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30342008,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29800419,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16266469,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21689390,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22773734,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20497714 | Which is the most mutated gene in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)? | The LMNA gene is the most mutated gene in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and affects approximately 25% of the patients.Mutations in the gene encoding lamin A/C (LMNA) cause dilated cardiomyopathylamin a/c gene (lmna)The most mutated gene in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the lamin A/C gene. Mutations in this gene are responsible for the most common form of DCM and result in a recessive form of cardiac hypertrophy. A compound heterozygous one amino-acid insertion/nonsense mutation in the plectin gene causes dilatedCardiac b-myosin heavy chain gene (LMNA) to be mutated in 25% of patients with DCM.Mutations in the lamin A/C gene (LMNA) may cause familial dilated cardiomyopathy (dilated cardiomyopathy)The most mutated gene in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the LMO2-binding protein (LMNA) gene. Mutations in the LMNA gene underlie both adult-onset and juvenile forms of DCM and result in very severe cardiac dysfunction. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24885975,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24391914,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23732542,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27582038,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27888397 | List psychiatric diseases that are associated with Synaptosome Associated Protein 25 (snap25). | attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
bipolar
schizophrenia |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29899448 | Which type of cells protect Haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) from ultraviolet-light-induced DNA damage in aquatic vertebrates? | Haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) require a specific microenvironment to grow and are protected from ultraviolet-light-induced DNA damages by melanocytes. Mutations that lack melanocytes have normal steady-state haem atopoiesis under standard laboratory conditions while melanocytes above the stem cell niche protect HSPCs against ultraviolet- light-induced damage.Melanocytes protect Haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) from ultraviolet-light-induced DNA damages in aquatic vertebrates.Haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) require a specific microenvironment, the haematopoietic niche, which regulates HSPC behaviour. A melanocyte umbrella above the kidney marrow protects HSPCs against ultraviolet light in zebrafish. The umbrella of melanocytes associated with the haematopoietic niche is highly evolutionarily conserved in aquatic animals, including the sea lamprey, a basal vertebrate. During the transition from an aquatic to a terrestrial environment, HSPCs relocated into the bone marrow, which is protected from ultraviolet light by the cortical bone around the marrow. The melanocytes above the haematopoietic niche protect HSPCs from ultraviolet-light-induced DNA damage in aquatic vertebrates and during the transition to terrestrial life, ultraviolet light was an evolutionary pressure affecting the location of the haematopoietic niche. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18981230,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26420661,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23555801,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23646104,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21978998 | Which is the primary interacting protein of BLK? | The B cell adaptor protein with ankyrin repeats (BANK1) and the B lymphoid tyrosine kinase (BLK) have been genetically associated with autoimmunity. The proteins of these genes interact physically and work in concert during B-cell signaling.Genetic and physical interaction of the B-cell systemic lupus erythematosus-associated genes BANK1 and BLK.BLK interacts with at least two of the three kinases in the B-cell/proteasome pathway, namely the transcription factor BANK1 and the chromatin-associated transcription factor 1 (CACGT1).Primary interacting protein of BLK (also known as BANK1)Primary interacting protein of BLK is Cdk1-binding protein 1 (Bik1/Nbk1).The genes BANK1 and BLK were recently described as associated with SLE a genetic interaction between BANK1 and BLK, and demonstrates that these molecules interact physically.BLK activity is regulated by two interacting proteins, BANK1 and BANK2.a genetic interaction between BANK1 and BLK, and demonstrates that these molecules interact physically.Genetic and physical interaction of the B-cell systemic lupus erythematosus-associated genes BANK1 and BLK. a genetic interaction between BANK1 and BLK, and demonstrates that these molecules interact physically.A The genes BANK1 and BLK were recently described as associated with SLEAutophagy-related gene 5 (ATG5), ATG7, B-lymphoid tyrosine kinase (BLK) and B-cell scaffold protein with ankyrin repeats 1 (BANK1) are involved in B-cell signaling;bank1 |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12556518,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20603160,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16621625 | Is Protoporphyrinogen oxidase localized to the mitochondrium? | Yes,
Mitochondrial targeting of human protoporphyrinogen oxidase. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28622736 | How many doses of vaxchora are required? | Vaxchora is a single-dose vaccine. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29296668,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27864727,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29408889 | What is the SLC25A20 protein transporting? | The carnitine/acylcarnitine transporter (CACT; SLC25A20) mediates an antiport reaction allowing entry of acyl moieties in the form of acylcarnitines into the mitochondrial matrix and exit of free carnitine. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28666680 | List the vaccine strains contained in Fluvirin. | Fluvirin contains 18 mg of haemagglutinin per H1N1 vaccine strain, 17 mg of haemagglutinin per H3N2 vaccine strain, and 15 mg of haemagglutinin per B vaccine strain. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29961568 | Do de novo truncating mutations in WASF1 cause cancer? | No, de novo heterozygous mutations in WASF1 cause a rare form of intellectual disability. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27457797 | List the attenuated live viruses contained in the Fluzone intradermal quadrivalent vaccine. | The Fluzone Intradermal Quadrivalent vaccine contains 9 ug hemagglutinin per strain of the two A-strain viruses and both B-strain lineage viruses (Victoria and Yamagata). |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28498781,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30382184,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28115222,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27541626,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30341682 | Which kinases are inhibited by Pyrotinib? | Pyrotinib is a novel irreversible EGFR/HER2 dual tyrosine kinase inhibitor that is used to treat HER2-positive breast cancer. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9486709,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29912693,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18061376,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17223620,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28322713,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20619014,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7360458,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11064988,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21292904,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7707673,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11943086,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27809782,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29644421 | Which bacteria causes rat bite fever? | Rat bite fever is caused by Streptobacillus moniliformis. Infection induces typical but not pathognomonic clinical signs, such as local purulent wound infection followed by maculopapular exanthema, myalgia as well as purulent joint infections. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27053161,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16456016,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21632975,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27878828,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23232398,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20554961,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12835475,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19933870,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17111354,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21536806,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11135577 | What is the role of Gata3 in Th2 cells? | RHS6 coordinately regulates the Th2 cytokine genes by recruiting GATA3, SATB1, and IRF4. RHS6 recruited transcription factors GATA3, SATB1, and IRF4, which play important roles in expression of all three Th2 cytokine genes IL-4-mediated STAT6 activation induces high levels of transcription of GATA3, a master regulator of Th2 cell differentiation, and enforced expression of GATA3 induces Th2 cytokine expression.Gata3 coordinates the progression of H3K9me2/H3K27me3 by mediating histone deacetylation and chromatin remodeling in Th2 cells. Gata3 plays an important role in this process by repressing the expression of histone H3 in Th1 cells and by promoting chromatin condensation during DNA damage-induced DNA damage.RHS6 coordinately regulates the Th2 cytokine genes by recruiting GATA3, SATB1, and IRF4. RHS6 recruited transcription factors GATA3, SATB1, and IRF4, which play important roles in expression of all three Th2 cytokine genes. posttranslational modifications of Gata3 that control the regulation of IFNg expression in memory Th2 cells.GATA3 is responsible for induction of T(h)2 differentiation and represses T(h)1 differentiation. Posttranslational modifications of Gata3 control the regulation of IFNg expression in memory Th2 cells. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27990269 | Describe the Disambiguate algorithm and its application in next generation sequencing data | Grafting of cell lines and primary tumours is a crucial step in the drug development process between cell line studies and clinical trials. Disambiguate is a program for computationally separating the sequencing reads of two species derived from grafted samples. Disambiguate operates on DNA or RNA-seq alignments to the two species and separates the components at very high sensitivity and specificity as illustrated in artificially mixed human-mouse samples. This allows for maximum recovery of data from target tumours for more accurate variant calling and gene expression quantification. Given that no general use open source algorithm accessible to the bioinformatics community exists for the purposes of separating the two species data, the Disambiguate tool presents a novel approach and improvement to performing sequence analysis of grafted samples. Both Python and C++ implementations are available and they are integrated into several open and closed source pipelines. Disambiguate is open source and is freely available at https://github.com/AstraZeneca-NGS/disambiguate.Grafting of cell lines and primary tumours is a crucial step in the drug development process between cell line studies and clinical trials. Disambiguate is a program for computationally separating the sequencing reads of two species derived from grafted samples. Disambiguate operates on DNA or RNA-seq alignments to the two species and separates the components at very high sensitivity and specificity as illustrated in artificially mixed human-mouse samples. This allows for maximum recovery of data from target tumours for more accurate variant calling and gene expression quantification. Given that no general use open source algorithm accessible to the bioinformatics community exists for the purposes of separating the two species data, the proposed Disambiguate tool presents a novel approach and improvement to performing sequence analysis of grafted samples. Both Python and C++ implementations are available and they are integrated into several open and closed source pipelines. Disambiguate is open source and is freely available at https://github.com/AstraZeneca-NGS/disambiguate.Disambiguate is an open-source application for disambiguating two species in next generation sequencing data from grafted samples. The method is based on an iterative Bayesian approach which uses sequence alignment information from germline genotype data to identify putative cis-regulatory elements which may be involved in the regulation of gene expression. The input to the method is a set of sequence elements known to be of interest to the genomics research community, and the outputs are calls for inclusion of putative regulatory elements such as enhancers, transcription factor binding sites, enhancers and enhancersDisambiguate is a program for computationally separating the sequencing reads of two species derived from grafted samples.Disambiguate is a program for computationally separating the sequencing reads of two species derived from grafted samples. Disambiguate operates on DNA or RNA-seq alignments to the two species and separates the components at very high sensitivity and specificity as illustrated in artificially mixed human-mouse samples. This allows for maximum recovery of data from target tumours for more accurate variant calling and gene expression quantification. Given that no general use open source algorithm accessible to the bioinformatics community exists for the purposes of separating the two species data, the proposed Disambiguate tool presents a novel approach and improvement to performing sequence analysis of grafted samples. Both Python and C++ implementations are available and they are integrated into several open and closed source pipelines. Disambiguate is open source and is freely available at https://github.com/AstraZeneca-NGS/disambiguate. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9150551,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7875209,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31729904,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22117198,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26207883,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17919656,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12529926,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10721489,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25586702,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17543136,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26641849,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22351665,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16305803,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11001671,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10924857 | Are ICAMS, Intracellular Adhesion Molecules, part of the immunoglobulin superfamily? | Intercellular adhesion molecule 3 (ICAM-3, also known as CD50), a human leukocyte-restricted immunoglobulin super-family (IgSF) member, has previously been implicated in apoptotic cell clearance, Intercellular adhesion molecule 3 (ICAM-3, also known as CD50), a human leukocyte-restricted immunoglobulin super-family (IgSF) member, has previously been implicated in apoptotic cell clearance,Yes, ICAMS, Intracellular Adhesion Molecules, are part of the immunoglobulin superfamily.yes, Intercellular adhesion molecule 3 (ICAM-3, also known as CD50), a human leukocyte-restricted immunoglobulin super-family (IgSF) member, has previously been implicated in apoptotic cell clearance,Yes, Intracellular Adhesion Molecules (ICAMS) are part of the immunoglobulin superfamily.Intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAMs) are members of the immunoglobulin super-family which are present on the surface of endothelial cells.Yes, ICAMs (Intracellular Adhesion Molecules) are a subset of the immunoglobulin superfamily.Yes, Intracellular Adhesion Molecules (ICAMs) are part of the immunoglobulin superfamily.It has now been shown that adhesion molecules, particularly those of the immunoglobulin super family (e.g. ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and PECAM-1), Intercellular adhesion molecule 3 (ICAM-3, also known as CD50), a human leukocyte-restricted immunoglobulin super-family (IgSF) member, has previously been implicated in apoptotic cell clearance, |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30261193 | Is traditional Chinese medicine associated with a decreased risk of heart failure in breast cancer patients receiving doxorubicin treatment? | Traditional Chinese medicine is associated with a decreased risk of heart failure in breast cancer patients receiving doxorubicin treatmenYes, there is evidence to suggest that traditional Chinese medicine is associated with a decreased risk of heart failure in breast cancer patients receiving doxorubicin treatment.Yes, traditional Chinese medicine is associated with a decreased risk of heart failure in breast cancer patients receiving doxorubicin treatment, as determined by studies in humans and in animal models.Traditional Chinese medicine is associated with a decreased risk of heart failure in breast cancer patients receiving doxorubicin treatmentTraditional Chinese medicine is associated with a decreased risk of heart failure in breast cancer patients receiving doxorubicin treatment. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30146479,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8124709,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31088910,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7590233,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11536362,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30308293,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30361090 | What receptor is associated with the protein encoded by the Spätzle gene? | Currently, as a ligand for the Toll-1 receptor, only Spatzle (Spz) has been identified and characterized.Currently Spatzle (Spz) has been identified and characterized as a ligand for the Toll-1 receptorSpatzle (Spz) is the toll-1 receptor gene encoding a protein subunit of a multisubunit membrane protein complex that plays a central role in the remodeling of the cytoskeleton and its association with the membrane.The Drosophila Toll-1 receptor is involved in embryonic development, innate immunity, and tissue homeostasis. Currently, as a ligand for the Toll-1 receptor, only Spatzle ( Spz) has been identified and characterized. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25417547,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27390654 | List targeted genome editing methodologies | Genome editors such as CRISPR/Cas9 and TALENs are at the forefront of research into methodologies for targeted modification of the mammalian genome.Genome editors such as CRISPR/Cas9 and TALENs are at the forefront of research into methodologies for targeted modification of the mammalian genome. Targeted genome editing (TALEN) was recently introduced as a method to manipulate eukaryotic genomes in a targeted manner with high efficiency and specificity.Genome editors such as CRISPR/Cas9 and TALENs are at the forefront of research into methodologies for targeted modification of the mammalian genome. The choice of genome editing tool should be determined by the desired genome editing outcome. Such a rational approach is likely to benefit research outputs for groups working in fields as diverse as modification of cell lines, to animal models for disease studies, or gene therapy strategies. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29858604,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29460925 | Is PTEN a tumour suppressor? | Yes |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22162947,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23618393,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20044539,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27362481,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24604780,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25894966 | Which is the function of the PRDM9 protein in mammals? | PRDM9 is a major determinant of meiotic recombination hotspots in humans and mice.Here, we demonstrate that a major player for hotspot specification is the Prdm9 gene. In many organisms, recombination occurs at limited sites, termed 'hotspots', whose positions in mammals are determined by PR domain member 9 ( PRDM9). In mammals, genetic recombination during meiosis is limited to a set of 1- to 2-kb regions termed hotspots. Developmental progress of germ cells through meiotic phases is closely tied to ongoing meiotic recombination.In many mammals, including humans and mice, the zinc finger histone methyltransferase PRDM9 performs the first step in meiotic recombination by specifying the locations of hotspots, the sites of genetic recombination.Developmental progress of germ cells through meiotic phases is closely tied to ongoing meiotic recombination. In mammals, recombination preferentially occurs in genomic regions known as hotspots; the protein that activates these hotspots is PRDM9,. In mammals, genetic recombination during meiosis is limited to a set of 1- to 2-kb regions termed hotspots.in mammals , recombination preferentially occurs in genomic regions known as hotspots. the protein that activates these hotspots is prdm9meiotic recombination |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29377902 | Which graph database is used by the Reactome graph database? | Reactome is a free, open-source, open-data, curated and peer-reviewed knowledgebase of biomolecular pathways. The Neo4j graph database and its query language, Cypher, provide efficient access to the complex Reactome data model, facilitating easy traversal and knowledge discovery.The Neo4j graph database and its query language, Cypher, provide efficient access to the complex Reactome data model, facilitating easy traversal and knowledge discovery. The adoption of this technology greatly improved query efficiency, reducing the average query time by 93%.The Reactome graph database organizes data and annotations (called tracks) around the reference sequences or draft assemblies of many eukaryotic biomolecular pathways and presents them using a powerful web-based graphical interface. The data are stored in a relational database, Neo4j, which is updated regularly with the addition of new data and corrections to previous data.The Neo4j graph database and its query language, Cypher, provide efficient access to the complex Reactome data model, facilitating easy traversal and knowledge discovery. The adoption of this technology greatly improved query efficiency, reducing the average query time by 93%. The web service built on top of the graph database provides programmatic access to Reactome data by object oriented queries, but also supports more complex queries that take advantage of the new underlying graph-based data storage. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28622736 | What is the route of administration of vaxchora? | Vaxchora is an oral vaccine. |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29511076,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30275474 | What is the target of the drug remdesivir? | remdesivir is a polymerase inhibitor |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30055288,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28966234,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29048432,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25963923,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26744526 | What is known about EphA2 in drug resistance? | ligand- and tyrosine kinase-independent EphA2 signaling (the noncanonical pathway) promotes tumor survival and metastasis and controls acquired drug resistance and maintenance of cancer stem cell-like properties.
Findings confirm EPHA2 as an actionable drug target, provide a rational basis for drug combination approaches, and indicate that chemical proteomics is broadly applicable for the discovery of kinase inhibitor resistance. |