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Fibrin was detected in the all sample groups including postmortem 360th hour samples, other than the control group. |
When the findings of formation of granulation tissue and periosteal new bone are present, they also seen up to postmortem 288th hour samples.As a result in our study; in bone fractures, inflammation findings, fibrin, granulation tissue and the presence of periosteal new bone formation, have vindicated even in cases where advanced processes of autolysis and putrefaction or soft tissue has disappeared, it revealed significant findings in terms of vitality by histopathological examination.Key words: Postmortem changes, forensic pathology, bone, fractures, microscopy. SUMMARYIn our study, it is aimed how long do the microscopic findings of fracture healing in postmortem interval can be detected and whether the detected findings can be used in differentiation of fractures occur in the period of antemortem or postmortem or not.In our study, microscopic findings of 10 study groups included manually fractured bone samples that were created in antemortem period in New Zealand White rabbit fibulas and samples taken in the postmortem 0, 12, 24, 48, 72, 120, 168, 216, 288 and 360th hours and the control group included fractured bone samples that were created in the postmortem 1st hour were evaluated by sampling 10 specimens from each group. |
The effectiveness of law practices on the provision of social order is undisputable and in this respect, veterinary forensics provides support releated to practice of law concerning with animals by working together with the subdisciplines such as morphology, histopathology, genetics, criminalistics (ballistics, analytical chemistry, toxicology).In this study, ıt has been aimed to investigate the awareness of basic animal rights in Turkey, the concept of veterinary forensics through veterinarians, veterinary faculty students and other occupational groups within the justice system (judge, lawyer, prosecutor, police and municipal police). The survey was carried out in İstanbul, Bursa, Ankara, Kırıkkale, Aydın, Burdur, Afyon, Konya, Samsun, Hatay, Erzurum, Elazığ, Kars and Van.Data obtained subsequent to the conduct of the online survey were analysed using SPSS 17.00 statistycal programme by subjecting them to frequency analysis, Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis tests.According to the data obtained in this study; Animal Protection Act No. |
Furthermore; it has been aimed to provide preliminary information whether satisfactory awareness was raised or not, the reason and the cause of the deficiencies and in this respect to determine the items to make up for the deficiencies.On the other hand by asking questions about the content and the practice of veterinary forensic medicine, the functionailty of the subject has been interrogated through veterinarians and veterinary students.Due to the presence of veterinary faculty students as the target group of the study, the survey has been carried out in 14 different provinces of Turkey where veterinary faculties exist. |
The survey was carried out in İstanbul, Bursa, Ankara, Kırıkkale, Aydın, Burdur, Afyon, Konya, Samsun, Hatay, Erzurum, Elazığ, Kars and Van.Data obtained subsequent to the conduct of the online survey were analysed using SPSS 17.00 statistycal programme by subjecting them to frequency analysis, Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis tests.According to the data obtained in this study; Animal Protection Act No. The effectiveness of law practices on the provision of social order is undisputable and in this respect, veterinary forensics provides support releated to practice of law concerning with animals by working together with the subdisciplines such as morphology, histopathology, genetics, criminalistics (ballistics, analytical chemistry, toxicology).In this study, ıt has been aimed to investigate the awareness of basic animal rights in Turkey, the concept of veterinary forensics through veterinarians, veterinary faculty students and other occupational groups within the justice system (judge, lawyer, prosecutor, police and municipal police). |
The rise of the quantity and value of the information committed via internet, establishing a connection with the whole world in a very short period of time has attracted the attention of criminals and made them lean to the internet. |
The criminals adapting to this new world quickly has also improved themselves in the technology area and started to commit crimes through the internet easily, which are very hard to commit in normal ways. |
These crimes called as cyber crimes are intruding or attacking to a system or any informatic device by the person or persons in virtual platform.In this thesis work, cyber crimes have been discussed in detail, and it has been tried to demarcate the concepts relevant to the subject, which are not actually demarcated, and types of attacks made in real life has been examined. |
Furthermore, signs of the presence of attacks on computers in the internet media networks known as the largest network and local networks have been discussed.As a result of the studies and review of the literature, the studies for the determination of cyber crimes have been examined. |
By performing applications about IP based recording of evidence of the attacks on computer network systems, according to the results, the evaluation has been made about the deficiencies and precautions involving end users and system administrators.Key Words: Cyber Crimes, Network Security, Malware Spyware, Network Blitzs (Network Attacks), Information Security, IP-Based Evidence Detection (IP-Based Recording Of Evidence) |
Child witnesses of crime, especially in theTurkish legal system, are victimized for a second time because of the sloppy attitudes and behaviors of the judicial system employees and the lack of legal regulations regarding to the protection of the children who witness those crimes. |
In this study, focus group interviews are conducted with the courthouse and the Social Services and Child Protection social workers and specialists who work in those institutions, the two way victimization that the child witnesses of crime is identified by analyzing the focus groups through descriptive analysis method. |
Telomeres are terminal chromosomal structures that consist of TTAGG repeats which shorten in each cell division. |
Real-time PCR was performed, results were analyzed using the Ct method and obtained data was statistical evaluated. |
The purpose of this study is to examine the distribution of 15 STR loci allele frequencies of the populations of the city Elazig and surrounding cities (Malatya, Tunceli, Bingöl, Diyarbakır). |
It?s considered that, this study will contribute in determining the similarities and differences toward the gene pool frequencies of the population of the city Elazig and surrounding cities, and the other regional and foreign gene pool frequencies and their overall evaluation criteria. |
The allele distribution frequencies of the genotype data which also will be determined, constitute an important data resource for studies related with forensic science in being able to identify persons. |
This study was performed at the Firat University, Medical Faculty, Forensic Medicine Department, DNA Laboratory on 250 individuals in total, biological samples were obtained from these individuals who weren?t relatives, and were members of the populations of the city Elazig and surrounding cities (Malatya, Tunceli, Bingöl, Diyarbakır), 50 individuals participated from each of these cities. |
The gene regions of the required loci of the isolated DNA?s, were multiplied with the use of Amp F / STR Identifier PCP Amplification Kit (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA). |
The electrophoresis of PCR items was carried out with the ABI 310 sequence instrument, and the results were analyzed with GeneMapper Software Version 3.2. |
The results obtained were evaluated with PowerStarts v.1.2 and Arlequin Software 3.11, and after that the examined allele densities, other statistic data of the populations and the genetic distances of the populations inter se were determined. |
Similar studies were carried out on 15 STR loci in Turkey (D8S1179, D21S11, D7S820, CSF1PO, D3S1358, THO1, D13S317, D16S539, D2S1338, D19S433, vWA, TPOX, D18S51, D5S818, FGA), but there wasn?t a study which evaluated Elazig and surrounding cities together. The continuity force values of this study; the highest loci determined in Elazig D2S1338 (0,960), in Malatya D2S1338 (0,953), in Bingöl D2S1338 (0,964), in Tunceli D18S51 (0,952), and in Diyarbakır D18S51 (0,962), the lowest loci determined in Elazig TPOX (0,808), in Malatya CSF1PO (0,829), in Bingöl TPOX (0,863), in Tunceli D5S818 (0,833), and in Diyarbakır D5S818 (0,817). |
The continuity force values of this study; the highest loci determined in Elazig D2S1338 (0,960), in Malatya D2S1338 (0,953), in Bingöl D2S1338 (0,964), in Tunceli D18S51 (0,952), and in Diyarbakır D18S51 (0,962), the lowest loci determined in Elazig TPOX (0,808), in Malatya CSF1PO (0,829), in Bingöl TPOX (0,863), in Tunceli D5S818 (0,833), and in Diyarbakır D5S818 (0,817). Similar studies were carried out on 15 STR loci in Turkey (D8S1179, D21S11, D7S820, CSF1PO, D3S1358, THO1, D13S317, D16S539, D2S1338, D19S433, vWA, TPOX, D18S51, D5S818, FGA), but there wasn?t a study which evaluated Elazig and surrounding cities together. |
As a result, it?s considered that obtaining allele frequencies of 15 STR loci will utilise the comparison of these data and previous studies, and the evaluation of the phylogenic relations. |
Key words: Short tandem repeat, Allele, Elazig and surrounding cities |
SUMMARYIn a criminal investigation, the biological collected evidence is mostly human, although animal biological evidence is commonly found at crime scenes. |
The materials of an animal which are found at crime scene, are useful for illuminating the cases like identification of a lost pet's remains, assailant animal which is involved in attack on an animal or a person , an animal which causes an accident , the responsible animal in a property damage, animal persecution and animal theft. |
A multiplex genotyping system, comprising 18 short tandem repeats (STRs) and a sex-linked zinc finger locus for gender determination, was developed for generating population genetic data assessing the weight of canine forensic DNA profiles.In this study, we used blood samples of 184 domestic dogs for brought health check and vaccination in Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Research and Application Hospital in Istanbul University. |
A multiplex genotyping system, comprising 18 short tandem repeats (STRs) and a sex-linked zinc finger locus for gender determination, was developed for generating population genetic data assessing the weight of canine forensic DNA profiles.In this study, we used blood samples of 184 domestic dogs for brought health check and vaccination in Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Research and Application Hospital in Istanbul University. |
Genetic typing was performed with 19 canine microsatellites markers, co-amplified in a single multiplex PCR reaction with Canine Genotypes?Panel1.1 by the ABI PRISMTM 310 capillary electrophoresis instrument. |
ABSTRACTChild abuse is a social and medical problem as old as the beginning of the humanity, well known with everyone but for several reasons number of non-detected cases are equal to detected cases (Johnson, 2000). |
Describing criminal and victim profiles and qualifies of crime are the first step of this studies (Holmesand Holmes, 2002).Goal of this study is to examine the relation between sexual abuse crime and attitude and behaviour that person perceive from parents in childhood and to describe the effects of communication within family on decisions that effect all life of a person. |
This study aims important academik contribution with being a guidance in precluding sexual abuse crime to emphasizing the importance of the communication within family.Study group is formed from 50 sexual abuse towards children crime commited male sentenced staying in Maltepe L1 Prison between March-June 2011 and a control group of 50 people who didn?t commit sexual abuse crime before. |
Participants were applied Sociodemogrphic Questionare, Parental Acceptance-Rejection/Control Questionare (Father Form) and Childhood Decisions Dcale and groups were compared with each other. |
Adaption to Turkish and validness-reliableness studies of Childhood Decisions Questionare (CDQ) developed by Eric Berne (1978) was made by Varan and Öztan (2007). Adaption to Turkish and validness-reliableness studies of Parental Acceptance-Rejection/Control Questionare (PARQ/C) develeoped by Rohner and his friends (1978)was made by Varan (2003). |
Adaption to Turkish and validness-reliableness studies of Parental Acceptance-Rejection/Control Questionare (PARQ/C) develeoped by Rohner and his friends (1978)was made by Varan (2003). Adaption to Turkish and validness-reliableness studies of Childhood Decisions Questionare (CDQ) developed by Eric Berne (1978) was made by Varan and Öztan (2007). |
These findings shows us; CDQ evaluates the decisions which adults of our country took in their childhood and PARQ evaluates the acceptance and rejection which adults of our country perceived from their relations with their parents in their childhood, validly and reliable (Batum and Öktem, 2011; Gökçen, 2009).In Parental Acceptance-Rejection/Control Questionare, sexual abuse criminals declare that their relations with their fathers in their childhood were more negative beside control group. |
From this finding, it can be said that, quality of the communication with father effects sexual abuse crime.In Childhood Decisions Questionare, it is seen that criminal group perceive more negative message from attitudes and behaviours of their parents beside control group. |
As a result of all these findings, it can be said that sexual abuse crime can be related to childhood life and effects of negative experiences in childhood can affect a person in adulthood |
As all over the world, ischemic heart diseases take place on the top among natural causes of death in our country, as well and have a significant value among natural deaths in the practice of forensic medicine. |
In ischemic heart diseases, acute myocardial infarction emerges as the most common cause of death by itself. |
Within the deaths occurred in superacute phase subsequent to the infarction, the problems experienced in the histopathological detection of causes of death have inclined researchers to examine the utility of post-mortem cardiac injury markers in diagnosis. |
In our study, it was aimed to compare the CK-MB, cTnI, myoglobin and h-FABP levels known as biochemical cardiac injury markers in control group cases formed by forced deaths, and in study group cases which were thought to be based on cardiac-dependent death, and to evaluate the relation between the measured marker levels and myocardial infarct. As a consequence of the analysis carried out without knowing the causes of death and pathological results, when the marker levels defined in the cases belonging to the control and study groups were compared, a statistically significant difference was not detected in terms of the CK-MB, cTnI and myoglobin values between the two groups. |
For this purpose, since 1 May 2011, the cases selected from the ones autopsied at Ankara Forensic Medicine Institution, Morgue Specialization Department in accordance with the criteria have been identified as two groups consisting of the control and the study group. |
Whereas 42 cases which were thought to have died of acute myocardial infarction were chosen as study group, 38 cases were selected for the control group and it was determined that these cases died because of firearm or sharp object injuries or obtuse head trauma without suffering from a trauma in the chest area. |
Blood sample was not obtained from the cases whose post-mortem intervals were considered to have exceeded 72 hours. |
Blood samples taken were divided into serums by being centrifuged in a short span of time and these serums had been kept frozen until they were analyzed. |
Frozen samples were thawed at room temperature and the serum CK-MB, cTnI, myoglobin and h-FABP levels were quantitatively specified. |
As a consequence of the analysis carried out without knowing the causes of death and pathological results, when the marker levels defined in the cases belonging to the control and study groups were compared, a statistically significant difference was not detected in terms of the CK-MB, cTnI and myoglobin values between the two groups. In our study, it was aimed to compare the CK-MB, cTnI, myoglobin and h-FABP levels known as biochemical cardiac injury markers in control group cases formed by forced deaths, and in study group cases which were thought to be based on cardiac-dependent death, and to evaluate the relation between the measured marker levels and myocardial infarct. |
On the other hand, it was ascertained that the average value of h-FABP in the control group was meaningfully higher than the study group. |
For the study group, a statistically significant difference was not found in the comparison of the average serum marker levels measured in sub-groups which were separated according to the histopathological examination results. |
Within the scope of the statistical evaluation of the effect of cardiopulmonary resuscitation on the marker levels, in line with the literature, a significantly meaningful relationship was not determined in between the marker levels and CPR in any of the groups. |
The cTnI/CK-MB and myoglobin/h-FABP proportions which are alleged to be useful in order to eliminate the elevations of the cardiac markers dependent on skeletal muscle injury did not indicate a significant difference between the groups when the results obtained from the control group and the study group were compared. In our study, it was aimed to compare the CK-MB, cTnI, myoglobin and h-FABP levels known as biochemical cardiac injury markers in control group cases formed by forced deaths, and in study group cases which were thought to be based on cardiac-dependent death, and to evaluate the relation between the measured marker levels and myocardial infarct. |
Furthermore, it was found out that the marker levels were independent of age and gender in both groups. |
In our study, the results were not found statistically significant in consequence of the comparison of post-mortem CK-MB, cTnI and myoglobin levels belonging to study and control groups. |
Nevertheless, so as to be able to evaluate the contributions of post-mortem biochemical examinations to diagnosis and to reach reliable results, more studies need to be performed, in which the spectrum of causes of death is expanded, the number of the cases is increased and the analysis are repeated in different body fluids and at different post-mortem intervals. |
The Effect of Metallothionein Polymorphism on Metal Levels in Maternal Biological Samples and Development of Newborn The aim of this study is to determine the polymorphism of MT2A core promoter region in our population and investigate whether this polymorphism has an effect on metal levels in the maternal biological samples and development of newborn. |
The MT2A promoter region of the isolated DNAs, were amplified with the PCR technique and 241 bp oligonucleotide were produced. |
The amplified oligonucleotides were cut with BsgI restriction enzyme. |
After the determination A?G SNP in the MT2A, the Cd, Pb, Zn and Cu concentration of the maternal biological samples were measured and the correlation between the polymorphic characteristics and metal level were investigated. |
As a result; blood cadmium levels and aldo lead levels of heterozygote genotype motherswere statistically higher than those of homozygote genotype (p<0.05). |
In addition, newborns of pregnant women with heterozygote genotype for MT2A polymorphism may be at risk of low level cord blood lead variation. |
In addition, newborns of pregnant women with heterozygote genotype for MT2A polymorphism may be at risk of low level cord blood lead variation. |
Key Words: Gene polymorphism, Maternal biological samples, Metallothionein, Metals, MT2A |
Antibiotics commonly used in medicine and veterinary medicine for prevention and treatment of microbial infections and consequently developing antibiotic resistance has been garnering great interest worldwide. |
Domestic waste water with resistant bacteria that cause fecal pollution is discharged to the aquatic environment with inadequate or no purification, contributing to developments and expansion of antibiotic resistance in marine ecosystems used for recreation and fishing activities. |
Resistance genes transferred between resistant microorganisms naturally present in the environment and human or animal microorganisms create long-term and irreversible impacts on gene pool of microorganisms, causing a large number of resistance genes. |
This study examines density of fecal pollution in coastal waters exposed to bacterial contamination in Istanbul, where industrialization and increasing population has been gradually increasing, and region-specific molecular characters of antibiotic resistance of enteric bacteria in coastal waters and mussels. This study aims at identifying the density of bacteria of fecal origin in coastal waters and mussels, and clarifying the issues of environmental pollution caused by antibiotic resistance in isolated enteric bacteria and promotion of the rational use of antibiotics. |
This study was conducted between June 2010 and May 2011 whereby sea water were sampled from 6 different stations in the Southwest coast of Istanbul, and also Mytilus galloprovincialis and sea water in M.galloprovincialis grow were collected from 3 different stations in the European Side of Istanbul. |
Total coliform bacteria were counted in seasonally collected samples to detect bacteriological pollution, and antibiotic susceptibilities of E.coli strains isolated from the samples were identified by Disk Diffusion method. |
For E. coli strains, presence of intI-1 specific to the integrase 1 gene and intI-2 specific to the integrase 2 gene, and presence of resistance genes tet(A) and tet(B) in tetracycline resistant strains were examined through PCR analysis. Presence of class 1 and class 2 integrons in intI-1 and intI-2 positive E. coli strains was investigated, and antibiotic resistance genes carried by each integron were identified through sequencing analysis. |
Presence of class 1 and class 2 integrons in intI-1 and intI-2 positive E. coli strains was investigated, and antibiotic resistance genes carried by each integron were identified through sequencing analysis. For E. coli strains, presence of intI-1 specific to the integrase 1 gene and intI-2 specific to the integrase 2 gene, and presence of resistance genes tet(A) and tet(B) in tetracycline resistant strains were examined through PCR analysis. |
The total number of coliform bacteria in coastal water samples was measured in a range of 7x101 - >11x103 EMS/100ml and for M.galloprovincialis, in a range of TKBS 3x102 - >11x104 EMS/100 ml. As a result of PCR analyses on 101 E.coli strains, the int I-1 gene (0,5 kb) was detected in 55 E.coli strains, the int I-2 gene (0,9 kb) in 60 E.coli strains, class 1 integron (1,2-2,0 kb) in 4 E.coli strains and class 2 integron (2,1 kb) in 6 E.coli strains. |
E. coli is the most frequently observed bacterial species in isolated samples (61.11%), and the highest frequency of resistance in these strains was observed in ampicillin antibiotic (54.54%). |
The resistant strain tet (B) was found out to be frequent among tetracycline resistant strains. |
As a result of PCR analyses on 101 E.coli strains, the int I-1 gene (0,5 kb) was detected in 55 E.coli strains, the int I-2 gene (0,9 kb) in 60 E.coli strains, class 1 integron (1,2-2,0 kb) in 4 E.coli strains and class 2 integron (2,1 kb) in 6 E.coli strains. |
Class 1 and class 2 integrons were found out to contain the gene cassettes dfrA1, dfrA12, aadA1, aadA2, aadA5, sat2 and blaoxa-2. |
This study aims at identifying the density of bacteria of fecal origin in coastal waters and mussels, and clarifying the issues of environmental pollution caused by antibiotic resistance in isolated enteric bacteria and promotion of the rational use of antibiotics. This study examines density of fecal pollution in coastal waters exposed to bacterial contamination in Istanbul, where industrialization and increasing population has been gradually increasing, and region-specific molecular characters of antibiotic resistance of enteric bacteria in coastal waters and mussels. |
Additionally, basic information required to ensure the molecular characterization of antibiotic resistance genes and to create an antibiotic resistance profile specific to the marine ecosystem of Turkey is provided. |
Lead can inhibit activity of many enzymes, cause oxidative stress, and increase the frequency of DNA single strand breaks, DNA double strand breaks and DNA-protein cross links. |
İncreased genetic damage causes cancer in humans. |
A statistically significant positive correlation was found between the lead levels and TI, TM and DNAt (p<0.01). |
Statistically significant difference was observed between smokers and non-smokers in regards to DNA damage parameters (p<0.05). |
In addition, when the lead and DNA damage levels of smokers and non-smokers were compared, the lead and DNA damage levels in smokers were found to be significantly higher than the levels observed in nonsmoking workers (p<0.05). |
In our country, it is of great importance to investigate individual differences in terms of comparison criteria on cursive and manuscript handwritings since there are not many references concerning handwriting examinations, handwriting examination is a subjective method of analysis, and there are a small number of studies on this subject at national level. |
The aim of this study is to detect the letters that show calligraphic features on cursive and manuscript handwritings with comparison criteria upon those handwritings, to determine the individual differences in the comparison of cursive and manuscript handwritings and to create the guidance on this issue with statistical data obtained from the study. |
In order to achieve suitable handwriting samples for this study, the text which contains all of the Turkish alphabet letters, 168 letters and nearly 1100 words and 14 lines of text, were written by a subject group of 200 people. |
200 handwritings available for study written by 100 people were obtained from 73 male and 27 female subjects and these handwritings were evaluated using SPSS 18 statistical software. |
As a result, the written text spreads more than the spread of manuscript handwriting on the paper and left-slant upright handwriting and upright handwriting are used in cursive handwritings but in manuscript handwritings upright handwriting is used more frequently and it has been determined that there are individual differences between handwritings in this sense. |
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letters are made up most differently and it has been detected that there are individual differences in terms of letters that show calligraphic features in this sense. |
In accordance with the results obtained in this study; it has been determined which criteria should be used in cursive and manuscript handwriting examination and which criteria show difference between those handwritings and it has been tried to create useful criteria in the formation of non-existing standards. |
Key Words: Cursive writing, manuscript writing, handwriting examination, comparison criteria. |
Sexual assault is a medicolegal and bio-psycho-social problem which has complicated etiology and may have dramatic results. |
This research is a sectional study that aims to discuss the socio-demographic data, macroscopic and colposcopic findings of physical and ano-genital examinations, consultation and laboratory results of the cases which admitted to the Forensic Medicine Department of Mersin University Medical Faculty, between December 2010 and June 2011 period. |
Sexual assault evaluation of the cases, including sampling, colposcopic examination, photo documentation, consultations must be performed by educated experts together with nurses in suitable examination environments of special centers. |
Keywords: Sexual Assault, Sexual Abuse, Examination, Colposcopy, Photography, Sociodemographic Data. |
Short-tandem repeats on the Y chromosome (Y-STR) have often used for forensic DNA analyses beside this, studies of human migration and evolution. |
The differences of Y-STR from other loci are NRY region of Y chromosome hasn?t got a recombination in meiosis and it is transferred without any changing from father to son. |
For these reasons, genotypes of all males who are paternal relatives overlap each other except mutation events. |