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Q:
How to stop redirect when clicking Order Place button in checkout/onepage in Magento 1?
I'm new to magento. I want to stop the redirection action when you click place order. Instead of redirecting, I want to place a block under place order button. How can I do this?
Thanks in advance
A:
In onepagecheckout when you click the place order then it call the Review.prototype.save() function in skin/frontend/base/default/js/opcheckout.js file. That looks like
var Review = Class.create();
Review.prototype = {
initialize: function(saveUrl, successUrl, agreementsForm){
this.saveUrl = saveUrl;
this.successUrl = successUrl;
this.agreementsForm = agreementsForm;
this.onSave = this.nextStep.bindAsEventListener(this);
this.onComplete = this.resetLoadWaiting.bindAsEventListener(this);
},
save: function(){
if (checkout.loadWaiting!=false) return;
checkout.setLoadWaiting('review');
var params = Form.serialize(payment.form);
if (this.agreementsForm) {
params += '&'+Form.serialize(this.agreementsForm);
}
params.save = true;
var request = new Ajax.Request(
this.saveUrl,
{
method:'post',
parameters:params,
onComplete: this.onComplete,
onSuccess: this.onSave,
onFailure: checkout.ajaxFailure.bind(checkout)
}
);
},
That function makes a ajax call to saveOrderAction() which you find in the file app/code/core/Mage/Checkout/controllers/OnepageController.php. If you go through that function you will find that here magento sets a redirect variable to the response body of the ajax call.
if (isset($redirectUrl)) {
$result['redirect'] = $redirectUrl;
}
$this->getResponse()->setBody(Mage::helper('core')->jsonEncode($result));
So now you know that you can stop the redirect by removing that redirect variable from the response body. And if you want to add any other block then you can do it in Review.prototype.save() function.
**Note: You should always rewrite the core files in local pool, modifying core files are not recommended **
|
"...the subject which will be of most importance politically is Mass Psychology. ... The populace will not be allowed to know how its convictions were generated. ... As yet there is only one country which has succeeded in creating this politician’s paradise.” - Bertrand Russell, The Impact of Science on Society, 1960.
Monday, September 15, 2008
Miami: FBI's John J. Connolly Arrives in Court
... Prosecutors contend that Callahan planned to expose the orchestration of a Tulsa businessman's murder by James "Whitey" Bulger and Stephen "The Rifleman" Flemmi. The body of the 45-year-old Boston business consultant was found riddled with bullets and stuffed in the trunk of his Cadillac on Aug. 3, 1982, in a parking lot at Miami International Airport. |
Numerous clinically used agents contain the ester chemotype, a moiety frequently added to small molecules to improve their water solubility and bioavailability. However the inclusion of this function in these compounds makes them substrates for carboxylesterases (CEs), enzymes that can either inactivate or activate these agents. Typically examples include the anticancer agent CPT-11 (irinotecan, Camptosar) that is a prodrug of SN-38, a potent topoisomerase I poison, and the antiviral drug oseltamivir phosphate (Tamiflu) that requires hydrolysis to the carboxylate form to yield the active neuraminidase inhibitor. Hence, compounds that might inhibit the hydrolysis reactions would limit the efficacy of these drugs. We have identified a class of compounds (tanshinones) that are present within the Chinese herbal medicine Danshen. Extracts from this material can potently inhibit human CEs and modulate drug activity in vitro. Importantly however, the FDA has just approved the use of Danshen in clinical trials. Hence any esterified drug that is administered in conjunction with the herbal medicine might lead to reduced molecule hydrolysis, thereby mitigating the efficacy of the agent. We seek therefore, to evaluate the active component(s) in Danshen and to assess whether these molecules can modulate drug activity in defined animal models. The specific aims of this application are: 1) To determine the inhibitory compounds present within Danshen; 2) to assess the mechanism of enzyme inhibition by these compounds; 3) to assess the biological activity of these extracts in vitro; and 4) to determine the effect of such compounds/extracts on drug efficacy in animals models. We anticipate that compounds present within Danshen will inhibit the CEs in vivo, resulting in significantly reduced drug hydrolysis, and as a consequence, reduced drug efficacy. Since this material is currently in clinical trials, the information derived from these studies may identify novel drug:drug interactions that potentially would impact the effectiveness of clinically used esterified compounds. We envisage that the studies proposed here will validate this hypothesis and provide information concerning the use of such extracts in defined patient populations. |
A phase II study of personalized peptide vaccination combined with gemcitabine for non-resectable pancreatic cancer patients.
We evaluated the safety of, and clinical and immune responses to personalized peptide vaccination with gemcitabine (GEM) as the first line therapy in patients with non-resectable pancreatic cancer. Pre-vaccination peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and plasma were prepared to examine cellular and humoral responses to 14 and 16 peptides in human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A24+ or -A2+ patients, respectively. Only the reactive peptides (maximum of 4) were administered weekly at 3 mg/peptide. GEM was administered at 1000 mg/m(2) per week for 3 weeks, followed by 1 week of rest. Twenty-one patients with untreated and non-resectable pancreatic cancer were enrolled. The combination therapy was generally well tolerated. Boosting of cellular and humoral responses to the vaccinated peptides was observed in the post-vaccination (eighth) PBMCs and plasma from 14 of 18 and 13 of 18 patients tested, respectively. The best clinical responses were 7 cases of partial response, 9 cases of stable disease, and 5 cases of progressive disease. Median survival time of all 21 patients was 9.0 months (95% CI, 6-15.5 months) with a one year survival rate of 38%. Immune boosting in both cellular and humoral responses was well correlated with overall survival with a hazard ratio of 0.2 (95% CI, 0.06-0.73; log-rank p=0.0239). These results suggest a potential clinical benefit of this combination therapy for non-resectable pancreatic cancer patients as the first line therapy. Further exploration of this approach is warranted. |
Pure stress leakage symptomatology: is it safe to discount detrusor instability?
To determine whether the combination of a urological history and urinary diary, with rigorous selection criteria, can be used to define a group of women on whom urodynamic assessment is unnecessary prior to offering surgery for urinary stress incontinence. Retrospective review of the urodynamic records of women attending for assessment between January 1992 and December 1996. Urodynamic Department, Southmead Hospital, Bristol. 5193 women who attended the urodynamic clinic during the five year study period. Self-completion of a urinary diary in the preceding week before urodynamic assessment and a detailed urological history before undergoing cystometry by all women in the study period. Data were entered onto a computer database. Women reporting stress incontinence in the absence of bladder filling symptoms, with a normal urinary diary showing daytime frequency of seven times or less and nocturia of no more than once, had the results of their filling cystometry analysed. Of 5193 women, 555 had symptoms of pure stress incontinence and a normal urinary diary. Incontinence was confirmed objectively in 81%, with 9% having incontinence secondary to detrusor instability; 5% had detrusor instability as the sole cause of their incontinence with 4% having a mixed picture of detrusor instability incontinence and urethral sphincter weakness. Genuine stress incontinence cannot be diagnosed reliably from a urological history, even when rigorous selection criteria are used in combination with a normal urinary diary. Without cystometry, incontinence secondary to detrusor instability will be missed. |
Conventionally, in a rotary pump such as can be used for transporting liquid foods, a rotary drive shaft is formed with its leading end in a spline shaft, a spline hole formed through a rotor is engaged by the spline shaft of the rotors of the pump within a pumping chamber in a main rotor casing, and a fastening nut of the rotors is engaged and fixed at the end of the rotor drive shafts projected outwardly from the rotor, and a concave casing cover receives the rotor segments and the rotor fastening nut.
In such a conventional rotary pump, a transported liquid flows in the pumping chamber, enters into the concave part inside the casing cover through a space between the rotor and the casing cover, and tends to be retained in that concave part, becoming trapped therein. Since the so trapped food can spoil, the pumps of this type have to be frequently disassembled and the pump with the concave part inside the casing cover cleaned after a day's use of the pump. Reassembly of such pumps after their disassembly, and their cleaning requires the expenditure of considerable time and labor thus increasing the cost of the product. |
Gary Wade Finley
Gary Wade Finley Jr. a multiple time champion at Huntsville (AL) Speedway. Finley won the 1989 NASCAR Charlotte/Daytona Dash Series championship. Finley won the Daytona 200 event that year for the series.
Gary Wade Finley Jr. arrived at Nashville Speedway USA in 1999 to compete in the NASCAR SuperTruck division at Nashville Speedway USA. The speedway was promoted by Alabama's Bob Harmon. Finley at season end claimed the rookie title and the championship title for the 1999 season.
Gary Wade Finley Jr. is married to Misty Rose Finley and for the 2016 season heads up the teams of his two sons. Garrett Finley currently driving the open wheel modified division and actively competes at Huntsville (AL) Speedway. The younger son Austin, competes at Fairgrounds Speedway Nashville in the limited late model division. The 2016 season is his rookie season.
References
Category:Living people
Category:Year of birth missing (living people) |
Renal functional reserve in diabetic patients without clinical nephropathy: comparisons with renal morphology.
The acute effect of a protein loading test (1.5 g kg-1) on glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was examined in 10 Type 1 diabetic patients without clinical nephropathy to evaluate the renal functional reserve. GFR was measured before (baseline) and after (test) ingestion of the protein load. Two groups of diabetic patients were distinguished: those who exhibited normal renal reserve equal to that in healthy individuals (change in GFR 35 +/- 17 (+/- SD)%) and those who had no renal reserve (change in GFR -20 +/- 20%). These groups did not differ in the duration and control of diabetes nor in the level of urinary albumin excretion. However baseline GFR was 120 +/- 34 and 209 +/- 46 ml min-1 in diabetic patients with and without renal reserve, respectively. Renal morphology revealed hilar glomerular lesions composed of severely expanded mesangium only in diabetic patients without renal reserve. Minimal structural nephropathy was observed in those who exhibited normal renal reserve. We suggest that the impaired response of GFR to protein loading precedes other subclinical manifestations of renal lesions in diabetic patients. |
Rhône's 13th constituency
The 13th constituency of the Rhône (French: Treizième circonscription du Rhône) is a French legislative constituency in the Rhône département. Like the other 576 French constituencies, it elects one MP using the first past the post election system with a run-off.
Description
The 13th constituency of the Rhône lies to the east of Lyon and is largely suburban in character. The largest town in the constituency, Meyzieu, lies close to Lyon's main airport.
The constituency has elected by centre right and centre left representatives in recent years. At the 2017 election the PS vote collapsed to the extent that they came 6th in the first round with under 5% of the vote.
Assembly Members
References
13 |
1. Field of Invention
The present invention relates to a mounting case to accommodate an electro-optical device, such as a liquid crystal panel, which is used as a light valve of a projection display apparatus, such as a liquid crystal projector, an electro-optical device encased in a mounting case, in which the electro-optical device is accommodated and a projection display apparatus including the electro-optical device encased in the mounting case.
2. Description of Related Art
In general in the related art, when a liquid crystal panel is used as a light valve of a liquid crystal projector, the liquid crystal panel is not provided in an exposed state on a console, etc., constituting the liquid crystal projector. But it is accommodated or encased in a suitable mounting case and then the mounting case including the liquid crystal panel is provided on the console, etc.
This is because the liquid crystal panel can easily be fixed to the case by suitably providing screws in the corresponding mounting case.
In the liquid crystal projector, the light emitted from a light source is projected onto the liquid crystal panel encased in the mounting case as focused light. Light passing through the liquid crystal panel is enlarged and projected on the screen to display images. In such a liquid crystal projector, since the enlarged projection is generally predetermined, relatively intense light emitted from a light source, such as a metal halide lamp is used.
However, in this construction, first, there is a problem in that the temperature of the liquid-crystal-panel encasing mounting case, particularly of the liquid crystal panel rises. The rise in temperature causes a rise in temperature of the liquid crystal interposed between a pair of transparent substrates in the liquid crystal panel. Therefore, the characteristics of the liquid crystal are deteriorated. In addition, when the light emitted from the source light is uneven, the liquid crystal panel is partially heated, and then variations in the transmittance are generated at so-called hot spots. Thus, the quality of projected images deteriorates. |
Topical hydrogen peroxide and the safety of ocular tissues.
Hydrogen peroxide is an effective and commonly used contact lens disinfectant that is also used as a preservative in certain ocular medications. We describe the effects of hydrogen peroxide on the cornea and anterior chamber following its topical application via a contact lens or as drops. The conditions for interaction of hydrogen peroxide with corneal and palpebral tissues and its accumulation within the aqueous humor are detailed. Values are given for thresholds at which hydrogen peroxide in specified concentrations, volumes, locations, and durations of exposure can cause ocular pain, swelling of the corneal stroma, damage to the endothelium, and penetration of the compound to the anterior chamber. The cornea and the palpebral tissues, together with the tear film, form a highly effective barrier and detoxifying system that, except under extreme, accidental circumstances, prevents both extra- and intraocular damage from use of hydrogen peroxide in contact lens care or in medications. |
Integrated circuit memories, such as static random access memories (SRAMs) require increasingly short access times. SRAMs are often used in the portion of a processing system where speed is very important, such as a cache memory for microprocessor. Address transition detection is one method that has been used to decrease access time by allowing a memory access to begin as soon as a change in an address is detected. ATD decreases memory access times, and may also reduce power consumption, by providing both preconditioning signals and activation signals in the memory. For example, ATD may be used for a word line driving, bit line driving and precharge, data line sensing, and for data outputting.
An address transition detector generates a pulse in response to an address change. It is typical to have a separate address transition detector for each address signal which transitions are to be detected. For example, if a transition of the row address is to be detected, then an address transition detector is commonly used for a row address signal. The output pulses of these detectors are then logically combined by logic gates to provide a single summation signal. This summation signal is then used to provide timing and control signals for the memory.
In the past, the summation of ATD pulses has been accomplished by using centrally located ATD summation logic circuitry. Metal lines have been used to route the ATD summation signal to portions of the memory where the ATD summation signal is to be used, such as to the word line drivers or to the bit line loads. However, as memories increase in size and density, the distance from the centrally located ATD summation circuitry to the most distant circuits of the memory increases, resulting in the need for longer metal lines. A problem with using longer metal lines to route the ATD pulses is the increased parasitic capacitance that the centrally located ATD summation logic circuit must drive, increasing power consumption, and requiring the use of larger drive transistors in the centrally located ATD summation logic circuitry. In addition, the timing signals may be excessively skewed from one another in different portions of the memory because the signals have to travel different distance across the memory. Excessively skewed timing signals may seriously degrade the performance and reliability of the memory. |
“Jargon is part of office life and while it can often be regarded as baffling and frustrating, there are advantages to speaking the office lingo, the Telegraph quoted David Clubb, the managing director of Office Angels, as saying.
“These can range from bonding with a team to understanding mind-boggling conference calls, he added. (ANI) |
package org.jetbrains.dokka.base.transformers.documentables
import org.jetbrains.dokka.model.*
import org.jetbrains.dokka.plugability.DokkaContext
import org.jetbrains.dokka.transformers.documentation.PreMergeDocumentableTransformer
import org.jetbrains.dokka.transformers.documentation.perPackageOptions
import org.jetbrains.dokka.transformers.documentation.source
import org.jetbrains.dokka.transformers.documentation.sourceSet
import java.io.File
class SuppressedDocumentableFilterTransformer(val context: DokkaContext) : PreMergeDocumentableTransformer {
override fun invoke(modules: List<DModule>): List<DModule> {
return modules.mapNotNull(::filterModule)
}
private fun filterModule(module: DModule): DModule? {
val packages = module.packages.mapNotNull { pkg -> filterPackage(pkg) }
return when {
packages == module.packages -> module
packages.isEmpty() -> null
else -> module.copy(packages = packages)
}
}
private fun filterPackage(pkg: DPackage): DPackage? {
val options = perPackageOptions(pkg)
if (options?.suppress == true) {
return null
}
val filteredChildren = pkg.children.filterNot(::isSuppressed)
return when {
filteredChildren == pkg.children -> pkg
filteredChildren.isEmpty() -> null
else -> pkg.copy(
functions = filteredChildren.filterIsInstance<DFunction>(),
classlikes = filteredChildren.filterIsInstance<DClasslike>(),
typealiases = filteredChildren.filterIsInstance<DTypeAlias>(),
properties = filteredChildren.filterIsInstance<DProperty>()
)
}
}
private fun isSuppressed(documentable: Documentable): Boolean {
if (documentable !is WithSources) return false
val sourceFile = File(source(documentable).path).absoluteFile
return sourceSet(documentable).suppressedFiles.any { suppressedFile ->
sourceFile.startsWith(suppressedFile.absoluteFile)
}
}
}
|
Q:
How to select an element using jquery?
I am trying to select my radio button value within multiple divs but i don't know.
Also, append text within table but it doesn't work. maybe my syntax is wrong?
I've also tried appendTo() but same. nothing appears on the screen
input radio is located..
<div id="wrap">
<div id="section1">
<table class="question">
<tr><td><input type="radio" value="yes" name="tv"/></td><td><p id="position"></p></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
And below is my jquery source in script.js
$('#section1.input:radio["tv"]').change(function(){
if ($(this).val() == 'yes') {
$('#position').append("test appending");
});
A:
Your selector is totally wrong.
input shouldn't be prefixed by a dot, it isn't a CSS class ;
You need a space between #section1 and input, since the input is a child of your div ;
You forgot name= in the brackets.
Try something like:
$('#section1 input:radio[name="tv"]').change(function(){
if ($(this).val() == 'yes') {
$('#position').append("test appending");
}
});
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<div id="wrap">
<div id="section1">
<table class="question">
<tr>
<td>
<input type="radio" value="yes" name="tv"/></td><td><p id="position"></p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
|
Wednesday, November 26, 2008
I just took a pie out of the oven. A pie and two custards, actually, as I had too much pumpkin filling for the crust. The pie turned out wonderfully--the custards a winning experiment. Best of all, though, was what happened while they were baking.
The house was quiet and I was alone in the kitchen.
After stirring up the pie filling, I tucked into the corner chair/step-stool, a treasured perch of several in the house, leaned back against the wall, and napped gently to the smell of cinnamon, cloves, and ginger while next to a warm oven with a window open to the cool behind me.
It was a most welcome and needed embrace. School is out until next week but the freedom is filled with a significant writing project that I need to begin these days. I wonder if the naps are my body and mind's way of helping me make the transition to writing mode-- a way to put the kids and the chaos of school aside and turn my face again toward the muse, toward the spirit, adopting anew the feeling of being loved like no other, the feeling of being a delight and beholding a delight. The feeling of living inside the Word and trying to write an opening for others as well as marking my own journey for myself.
Sunday, November 23, 2008
"9:51 AM. Tucked into the stairwell above the entrance to the main church level, waiting for the 9:00 Mass to let out but not in any hurry. I am quite comfortable, actually...warm, pleasantly secure, and in a position to hear and see much. Listening to the cantor sing during communion-- "Soon and Very Soon" which blended into the Taize "Jesus Remember Me." So lovely and so smooth the pieces fitting into one another. It occurs to me as I sit here, listenign to bits of the Family Faith program going on in the Mary Chapel, watching people begin to gather in the foyer, and hearing the movement that indicates the close of Mass, that a stairwell might not be where most would choose to perch while picking up a pen and paper. What is it about this place that speaks to me of being at home? Hmm.
I think some is that it is a bit worn and rubbed down at the edges from years of use and prayer. The whole building. The steps are scooped out in the middle from a hundred plus years of ascent and descent, the pews are darkened and worn to a shine. Yes, I find God in the broken-in-ness. That, actually, is where I most readily find God. There is a depth, a longevity, a history, to what is broken-in. A comfort in one's own being. Perhaps it is me who is becoming broken-in and more comfortable...
Funny, this makes me think of one of my favorite words...glory. There is a depth there for me too. A history, a richness that comes with living, with seeing, tasting, knowing, feeling. The glory of God made known in me? Deeper and deeper it reaches to draw out the story, the richness, the full-being-ness. Instead of dust to dust, perhaps instead glory unto glory--from the creative, story-filled, loving, depths of God to broken-in and flexible, stretchable, open humanity and then back again to the heart of all that is most wondrous, most just, most compassionate, most glorious..."
1) Do you have a food processor? Can you recommend it? Which is to say, do you actually use it?
Have access to one--but prefer chopping by hand. There is something satisfying about wielding a knife and watching the pile of ingredients mound.... there's also the sensory experience--the feel of the knife slicing, the sound, the juices, scents, and textures all immediately at hand.
2) And if so, do you use the fancy things on it? (Mine came with a mini-blender (used a lot and long ago broken) and these scary disks you used to julienne things (used once).)
Nope.
3) Do you use a standing mixer? Or one of the hand-held varieties?
Hand mixer when necessary--stiff arm and a good spoon otherwise. I do admit to coveting my Grandmother's vintage KitchenAide, though.
4) How about a blender? Do you have one? Use it much?
Now we're talking! Love the blender--especially when it comes to soup. Nothing better for mixing-ing/smoothing into creamy goodness. The first time I used our new one, though, whoa! Everything and every one within a block's radius (give or take) was baptized. Tomato soup every which way. Let's just say a new motor is far, far more potent than one, say, twenty years old.
5) Finally, what old-fashioned, non-electric kitchen tool do you enjoy using the most?
We have a fabulous wooden... implement. I think it must have been a spoon at one point, but the round edges have flattened some and it is now more of a gentle triangle on a handle. Terribly practical for picking things up and flipping, scooping and scraping. And, nothing, nothing, nothing, beats a good sharp chef knife, a heavy bottom dutch oven, and a cast iron skillet.
Monday, November 17, 2008
A homily for the Feast of Saint Rose Philippine Duchesne, Religious of the Sacred Heart who brought the Society to the United States in 1818.
Readings: Isaiah 52:7-10 ; Psalm 63; Lk 12:22-34
"Do not worry about your life and what you will eat, or about your body and what you will wear…can any of you by worrying add a moment to your lifespan? If even the smallest things are beyond your control, why are you anxious about the rest?"
A good question.
Go ahead, Philippine Duchesne! Get on the ship! Sail across a tempestuous ocean, to an unknown land, to uncertain work, in an unnerving language, with unfamiliar people…
And by the way, don't you worry about a thing… Ummm Hmmm…. How much easier for us to hear this in our time—because we know it all came out! Philippine became a saint, the network of Sacred Heart schools exists, and there are over 300 Religious of the Sacred Heart in the United States.
We know how it all came out… or, do we? I wonder if this story might have sounded familiar to some of you…perhaps if I put it this way—
Go ahead, new fifth graders! Climb those stairs! Go to the new land known as the Middle School! Don't worry about your uniform, where you are supposed to be going, or when lunch will be. Sixth graders—learning the names of new students, new teachers, all that new English vocabulary?? No problem. Seventh graders, that new language of Upper School—peer group, life skills, X-period, Advisory, Visual Foundations… I'm sure it will work out just fine. And teachers, go ahead, teach the subject you've never taught! Be a homeroom teacher for the first time! And, by the way, don't worry. Yep. Right.
What was Philippine's response to the multitude of unknowns? She prayed…always, according to her beloved Potawatomie. She turned to her God who she believed would not abandon her to her worries, she turned to her God that would not cast her hope back into the sea but rather would lead her feet through the prairie grass…all the way until today when with the eyes of faith, we look to the mountain of those who have made a difference in our world and are able to say "How beautiful upon the mountain are the feet of the one announcing peace, bearing good news, announcing salvation."
But, today, in this time and place, I'd like us to think bigger than feet. How beautiful upon the mountain are the heart, the hands, the mind, the feet…of those who work to bring about a world where we help one another, where we treat everyone with dignity, and where all are loved…that is God's vision… this is what Philippine now sees from that mountain. This is what we will see when we join her and walk our own journey with our heart and hands and mind and feet… without worry about the small matters, but by prayer and trust in God and the multitude around us. Our hands, mine, yours, yours., yours… our hearts, minds, …these are the hands and hearts and minds of God. The only ones God has. God's people, God's beloved children who are called to put aside concerns for ourselves and prepare the way for the coming of Love.
As you now know, lunch is at 11:45, the uniform guidelines are in the handbook, and most specialized vocabulary is explained in orientation. What's left is only for us to seek God, bring forth the vision in own time and space and way. May Philippine's pioneer spirit be with us all. God already is. Always is. No worries. But not easy.
Sunday, November 16, 2008
"Sitting in a pew, watching the choir arrange themselves in the section where I usually tuck in...now listening to them practice the Gloria and finding it a much more pleasant alternative to the woman who is speaking even louder now to be heard by the tour group members moving through the main part of the church. The choir has moved on now to the psalm and the aleluia...and just as I began to float on the acoustics, someone carried by a a box labeled "angel wings." For some reason, I find that rather endearing...and comforting on some level...spare wings...that there would be angel wings available to use when the proof was needed. And, all the better that it was a simple cardboard box, written on in marker. A simple container that lets glory be glory. I can't help but think that the angels would be perfectly okay with that. I can't help imagining the conversation--"Okay, folks, they're not buying it. Got to break out the wings." "Aw geez, the wings??" "Yep, no choice on this one. Formal occassion and all..." Someone gets sent to the closet to sift and sort through boxes until finding the one wrapped with a bit of twine and labeled in permanent marker, "Angel Wings." Then there's the trying on...sort of like choir robes, I imagine. Somewhat cumbersome, perhaps, but tradition. Big wings, small wings, fluttery wings and flappy wings... and you know when you found the right pair because your cheeks get warm and you find yourself wondering about the stars."
Tuesday, November 11, 2008
I am planning a Mass with 45 kids and two other teachers. To get the maximum input, several different groups were created and pieces assigned. One homeroom, write the petitions and pick the kids to read; one homeroom, the offertory-pick the symbol to be carried forward in addition to the candles, flowers, bread and wine and who would carry each. My religion class, a mix of the homerooms, would pick the music and fill out the rest of the roles.
In religion, the kids split into two groups--one starting with song selection--taking into consideration the readings which we read outloud together, the other with assigning roles. When done, the group switched to the other topic. The only input I had was that the selections for both had to give evidence of reasonable thought and ultimately, I was the one who ratified their selelctions.
They chose fantastic music! Perfectly suited to the celebration and the readings and indicative of the preferred liturgical style of the kids-- songs with zip, songs with harmonies, songs with life and connection for the students. I took their papers, went to the music teacher, suggested a plan using a mix of the suggestions from the two groups, and she easily agreed.
I told the kids the next day which songs we were doing and they were SO thrilled. We suggested those!! We can do these?? Really?? Awesome!! You listened!!
Well, yes... you made wonderful suggestions, clearly connected to the reason for the celebration and the readings...why wouldn't I listen to you-- you are planning the Mass!
They had such smiles on their faces.
Makes me glad to be an adult at moments like that... an adult who has the chance to help a kid see their own worth, their own value, that what they have to say is important, that reasonable thought and passion behind something helps it to fly.
Saturday, November 1, 2008
I was having tea while visting a friend this afternoon when conversation turned to music and whether someone who knows music parses sound into notes instinctively the same way my friend, an artist, can parse shades and colors into component pieces that add up to the whole. She sees the whole and can see inside enough to see the pieces that come together to create it. We mulled this for a while, the similarities between music and visual art--for the one who knows how, the vision is through the whole to the inside structure that created it.
This got me thinking about writing and reading poetry and other forms of written expression. I realized that for me, the process with this format is reversed. I hear the pieces, I hear the structure, and a whole is created. By the rubbing of syllables, by the procession of patterns, images juxtaposed, and rhythmic rituals, something Other is created--a larger whole. I start, though, with the pieces...the words themselves. How they encounter one another in my mouth or ears when read aloud by me or someone esle, or how they interact when read silently in my mind, builds the larger picture.
This moved our conversation into the role voice plays in helping the words find one another and welcome each other's company...or not. I was struggling to explain my meaning and ended up referencing pasta.
Sometimes, when I hear things read aloud, the words are cut off from one another, not in relationship yet, simply occupying space next to each other. Crunchy raw pasta in the box.
Sometimes, the voice overpowers the words, running them into one another, coming on too strong. The mushy, sticky with gluten, uni-pasta of overboiling.
Then you have al dente when each piece is still itself, each word its own syllables, but flexible, chewy almost. It can bump into other pieces of pasta and you can feel the give and take, it neither falls to pieces nor adheres inextricably. It is filling and substantive... its best pasta-ness being drawn forth.
I think the voice/outside the mind delivery of Word or poetry can achieve the same thing...Expression that satisfies by honoring the fullness of language's capacities...
I'm making home-made mac and cheese for dinner, by the way. Tomatoes and sauteed onions are mixed in for a kick. A limerick, I think, would be the equivilent. Predictable...but often with a twist. |
Q:
How to scroll to bottom of a JSF component after update?
I have a log that needs to be tailed in real-time:
<h:panelGroup layout="block" style="width:100%; max-height: 400px; overflow: auto;" id="log" styleClass="logArea">
<h:outputText value="#{myBean.log}" style="white-space:pre;"></h:outputText>
</h:panelGroup>
<h:outputScript>
function scrollLog() {var log=jQuery('.logArea');log.scrollTop(log.scrollHeight-log.height);};</h:outputScript>
<p:remoteCommand name="getLog" process="@this" update="log" onsuccess="scrollLog();">
</p:remoteCommand>
While the log output updates just fine after remoteCommand has been run it does not scroll to the bottom. I suspect my scrollLog() is called before partial update is applied, and the update resets scrollbar to the top.
I also tried the following jQuery code:
jQuery( function() { var log=jQuery('.logArea');log.animate({ scrollTop: log.scrollHeight}, 1000); });
but nothing seems to work.
How can I work around this and scroll to the bottom of the log after every update?
A:
The onsuccess handler is invoked directly after the ajax response is successfully retrieved, but before the DOM is updated based on the ajax response.
You want to use oncomplete handler instead.
<p:remoteCommand ... oncomplete="someFunctionWhichNeedsToWorkWithUpdatedDOM()" />
|
Dear Facebook, It Could Really Be This Simple - ezdebater
http://techcrunch.com/2012/08/02/zucks-karmas-bitch/
======
salman89
While I don't feel Facebook is doomed, this article really lacks meaningful
content.
"And, if it can leverage the physical goods loophole on iOS, it can become the
social shopping platform.
So buh bye lame “Social stories” and buh bye Amazon (which currently has a
$100b market cap, around twice that of Facebook)."
Really, Facebook's save is social shopping... and that would upend Amazon?
~~~
mtgx
Sounds like a pie in the sky theory, like the one that floated around a few
years ago that Facebook only needs to introduce search, and it could kill
Google.
~~~
majani
Time's clearly up for selling investors on the future of Facebook. Investors
want to see results now on these tech companies.
------
Freestyler_3
What is the last thing facebook implemented that 10% or more of the users are
now using?
------
mariusz331
I wouldn't advise this guy putting money into facebook just yet. A stock's
price is supposed to reflect all information pertaining to a company
(including a lock-up expiration). However, as with Groupon and LinkedIn, the
price before their lock-ups expired didn't correctly reflect the value of the
stock with all the 'unlocked' shares flooding the market.
I speculate that facebook's price will continue to go down post lock-up.
Insiders aren't ignoring the poor news or outlook and I think they'll sell for
more reasons than those. That's not necessarily because these insiders don't
trust their company. They may have to pay off expensive things (maybe a nice
home?) they bought when the company IPO'd and can't risk the uncertainty of
facebook's future value. Also, if you ask any investor, they'll tell you that
diversifying your portfolio is important.
Another interesting thing to think about are tax implications. I know a lot of
facebook insiders were happy that their IPO was pre-July because otherwise,
the lock-up would have crossed into 2013. This is when taxes on capital gains
are expected to rise and it can cost them a lot of money.
I'm curious to see the performance of the stock in the coming months.
Especially with the uncertainty of growth, possible tax increases, and the
implications of the lock-up expiry, this will be an interesting journey for
facebook.
------
redwood
It does feel like FB could rake in enormous amounts of cash quickly if it
really wanted to, but then doing so would kill its long-term viability.
Trouble is it's current approach seems death by a thousand pokes. I suppose
the execs who've already cashed out already had their payday. Sorry the saps
who bought...
------
jgroome
Not quite sure what they're suggesting. A wishlist system, whereby I have a
bunch of products in which I've expressed an interest? Some kind of digital
gifting system where people pay money to buy virtual "presents"?
In the case of the former, we already have Amazon wishlists, or I suppose
someone could go through my Pinterest and see what I like. In the case of the
latter, if anyone actually bought me a digital gift then they'd probably get
unfriended.
If Facebook can come up with a wishlist system to rival Amazon's then people
will absolutely flock to it.
------
bitdiddle
What the "I don't trust Zuck" means to conservative investors (senior
programmers, parents, and other fossils) is that management counts, in fact to
old fogies like Buffett it's a major league concern.
The same thing that holds true of a YC company is true of large corporations.
To channel Lombardi, "management isn't everything, it's the only thing"
------
paul9290
Recently there was a shower curtain with the design of a Facebook
profile/users wall.
It was being widely shared throughout FB. Why isn't Facebook attaching an
affiliate link under these types of photos to where I can buy the product or
service?
~~~
majani
There are other apps that have been built on the Facebook platform for that.
Facebook has to stay out of their way in order to remain a true platform.
~~~
paul9290
Are they built into users' news feeds?
------
brador
It gets interesting when the giants start competing.
Facebook moves into real goods, to compete, Amazon then needs to start a
social network.
If Google starts gaining market share on Google Plus, Facebook will step into
the search space.
------
ahi
She want's to give monetization advice, but doesn't even know how to buy
stock?
------
parbo
Wrapp does this, but with gift certificates. Multiple friends can chip in to
the same gift certificate. <https://www.wrapp.com/>
------
se85
I'm glad I stopped reading Techcrunch.
------
maked00
farcebook seems intent on pulling a "Digg" crash and burn. Same kind of
swamped in hubris jerk pulling the strings. Notice the Zuck, cashed out quite
a bit recently. What does he know that we don't? Maybe that the site is a fad
and the bubble is bursting in slomo.
~~~
xSwag
Except, this time, there is no Reddit to fall back to.
------
mser
Why is this nonsense being voted up?
|
Careers in Shipping, Marine & Energy Sectors
Making waves in the offshore industry
Thursday, February 21 - 2013
V.Ships Turkey is delighted to announce it has successfully
concluded an offshore crewing contract with Dubai-based seismic
research vessel operator Polarcus DMCC.
The agreement follows the news of the sale of Polarcus Samur -
an eight-streamer 3D world class seismic vessel - to the Turkish
owners TPAO (Turkish Petroleum Corp.) on February 11, 2013.
Polarcus will continue to provide support services to TPAO,
including technical and crew management as part of a three year
contract.
The vessel will be renamed Barbaros Hayreddin Pasa after the
legendary Ottoman Admiral and will carry the Turkish flag under
Turkish International Ship Registry (TUGS).
Harun Duzgoren, Managing Director of V.Ships Turkey (pictured),
said: "We are very excited to be part of this important initiative,
which confirms Turkey's position as a new and emerging player in
the oil and gas world.
"As V.Ships' regional office, we possess the necessary skillset
and experience to deliver on quality for our offshore clients like
Polarcus. As a direct result of this dedication to quality and cost
optimisation, this is our fourth back to back offshore marine
services contract in the last three years.
"The vast majority of our crew have been with us in other similar
projects in the Black Sea and other parts of the world, so we are
confident that they will integrate quickly with Polarcus crew
on-board."
As per the legislation, 51 per cent of her crew - as well as the
Master - will need to be Turkish nationals. V.Ships Turkey will
support Polarcus in complying with this requirement by providing 13
Turkish crew members. A seismic vessel uses seismic waves to
pinpoint and locate the best possible area for oil drilling in the
middle of oceans. |
Q:
JavaScript Library needed for Showing/Hiding a div panel using JQuery
I have a simple fieldset and div panel, which I want to initially show. If you then click on a button/image or text I then want to hide the div panel. Let's call this "myPanel". Clicking on the button/image or text once more will then show it again. Now I have a solution in JavaScript below, but my question is how can I create a library for this and re-use this instead of writing out the method's for multiple panels. Something similar to this:
var panel = new library.panel("myPanel");
Then all events will be handled and variables defined in the JavaScript library.
Consider the following code:
<fieldset>
<legend>My Panel<a id="MyPanelExpandCollapseButton" class="pull-right" href="javascript:void(0);">[-]</a></legend>
<div id="MyPanel">
Panel Contents goes here
</div>
</fieldset>
<script type="text/javascript">
//This should be inside the JavaScript Library
var myPanelShown = true;
$(document).ready(function () {
$('#MyPanelExpandCollapseButton').click(showHideMyPanel);
if (myPanelShown) {
$('#MyPanel').show();
} else {
$('#MyPanel').hide();
}
});
function showHideMyPanel() {
if (myPanelShown) {
$('#MyPanelExpandCollapseButton').text("[+]");
$('#MyPanel').slideUp();
myPanelShown = false;
} else {
$('#MyPanelExpandCollapseButton').text("[-]");
$('#MyPanel').slideDown();
myPanelShown = true;
}
}
</script>
A:
If you want to make it yours then it is simple, make a function in separate js file :
function showHideBlock(panelId, buttonId){
if($(panelId).css('display') == 'none'){
$(panelId).slideDown('normal');
$(buttonId).text("[+]");
}
else {
$(panelId).slideUp('normal');
$(buttonId).text("[-]");
}
}
Now pass the panel or block id which you want to hide/show and button id which will cause hide/show.
onclick="showHideBlock('#MyPanel', '#MyPanelExpandCollapseButton');"
Try this
|
Too late smart: farmers' adoption of self-protective behaviors in response to exposure to hazardous noise.
Farmers are exposed to hazardous noise from equipment and livestock and experience high rates of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL); however, their use of hearing protection devices (HPDs) is low. The purpose of this study was to describe farmers' personal experiences using HPDs, influencing others' use of HPDs, and overcoming barriers to the use of HPDs. A purposive sample of farmers who reported a high frequency of HPD use was selected for face-to-face interviews. Findings indicated that farmers have frequent exposure to hazardous noise. They described their motivation to adopt protective behaviors to avoid hearing loss, noise annoyance, or tinnitus. Many tried to influence others' use of HPD, particularly family members. These farmers have developed a variety of methods to ensure convenient access to HPDs when needed, and have developed effective techniques for overcoming common barriers to protection. Findings from this study will be used to form the foundation for future studies aimed at developing and testing an intervention to increase HPD use and decrease rates of NIHL among farmers. |
Q:
How do you call a javascript method on a htmlwidget (jsoneditor) in shiny?
I'm trying to use jsonedit from the listviewer package in a shiny app and want to display the tree fully expanded by default. There isn't an option to do this in the jsonedit() function, but the underlying javascript object has an .expandAll() method which should do it. How do I call this method from R shiny? My attempt below doesn't work either in a shiny app or directly in R.
library(shiny)
library(listviewer)
library(magrittr)
library(htmlwidgets)
x <- list(a=1,b=2,c=list(d=4,e='penguin'))
jsonedit(x, mode = 'view') %>% onRender("function(el,x,data) {this.expandAll();}")
shinyApp(
ui = shinyUI(
fluidPage(
jsoneditOutput( "jsed" )
)
),
server = function(input, output){
output$jsed <- renderJsonedit({
jsonedit(x, mode = 'view') %>% onRender("function(el,x,data) {this.expandAll();}")
})
}
)
A:
jsonedit(x, mode = 'view') %>%
onRender("function(el,x,data) {this.editor.expandAll();}")
|
Applying for Passport and Visa? Here’s what you need to know about Police Clearance Certificate
Applying for Passport and Visa? Here’s what you need to know about Police Clearance Certificate
For the beginners, applying for a new identification or making a trip abroad offer ascend to many inquiries. One among the regular is presumably what does PCC demonstrate? Well, this post is an endeavour to highlight some of the important pointers on PCC.
The Police Clearance Certificate, in short PCC, is issued to every single imminent candidate from India looking for an outing to a different country for business, long stay or for residential purpose. Be that as it may, individuals from India flying out to an alternate nation on Tourist Visa are not qualified to apply for PCC. This authentication assumes a crucial part while applying for an identification and visa; and relying upon the nation and reason for visit, candidates might be solicited to give different sorts documents while applying for the same.
By and large, a PCC is given by the Regional Passport Office of the candidate’s area where he/she has been staying for most recent a half year or progressively and the same gets issued by the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA). Henceforth, the area of the candidate is of the quintessence while issuing a PCC. Individuals applying for a PCC having no satisfactory address verification, may confront challenge while arranging their abroad excursions. A portion of the archives that a candidate can give to help his/her address verification may incorporate a bank explanation. To get this announcement as your current address evidence, you can ask for the bank expert for the same to change your address and issue a bank articulation for most recent one year. When you get this report, sign it and get it stamped. It would be ideal if you be educated that downloading the announcement won’t get the job done the reason, as it needs to get stamped authoritatively.
While applying for a PCC, a candidate may experience two stages wherein, he/she may require either physical police check or PCC stamp. In the event that a candidate is requested physical police check then he/she will be given a receipt number alongside an archive that he/she needs to convey home. In like manner, the candidate is additionally imparted by the important specialist saying the name and contact number of the cop will’s identity going to the candidate’s home for verification.
Once physical police confirmation is done, the following concern is acquiring the PCC. Accumulating a PCC after check relies upon two situations. To begin with; if a candidate is dwelling in his/her nation for not as much as a year then it might require half a month. Second; if the candidate is dwelling in his/her nation for over one year time then the check happens in next 2-3 days. After that a candidate is prepared to gather his/her visa from the passport center and get a PCC letter issued.
Then again, the necessity of a PCC stamp appears when physical police confirmation isn’t required. To complete it, an applicant has to go to the counter where PCC letter is taken and stamped by the authorised individuals. There are three stamps that are put crosswise over including:
An underwriting alongside the application number of the candidate saying the name of the visting nation
A stamp of MEA
An authorisation stamp giving the leeway
From there on, the assigned individual from the counter stamp on applicant’s passport. Having done, the approved individual further signs the letter and the passport page.
So this is what a PCC is all about. To know other information on visa, passport and documentation prerequisites for overseas trip keep following Visas of the World. |
Q:
Script para mudar jogador (jogo da velha Jquery)
Estou tentando fazer com que o jogo da velha mude o jogador que tem a vez, consegui fazer muda-lo do 'X' para o 'O', mas quando tento retornar para o 'X' e assim por diante, ele não vai.
Segue o código que fiz até aqui:
$(document).ready(function() {
$(".botao").click(function() {
$(this).text("X");
$("#jogador").text("É a vez do jogador 2");
mudarSimbolo();
});
function mudarSimbolo() {
if ($("#jogador").text() == "É a vez do jogador 2") {
$(".botao").click(function() {
$(this).text("O");
$("#jogador").text("É a vez do jogador 1");
});
} else if ($("#jogador").text() == "É a vez do jogador 1") {
$(".botao").click(function() {
$(this).text("X");
$("#jogador").text("É a vez do jogador 2");
});
}
}
});
.btn-default {
padding: 40px;
}
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.12.4/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<link href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" />
<div class="container" style="border:1px solid red; width:320px; height:320px;">
<button class="btn btn-default botao">1</button>
<button class="btn btn-default botao">2</button>
<button class="btn btn-default botao">1</button>
<button class="btn btn-default botao">2</button>
<button class="btn btn-default botao">3</button>
<button class="btn btn-default botao">4</button>
<button class="btn btn-default botao">5</button>
<button class="btn btn-default botao">6</button>
<button class="btn btn-default botao">7</button>
</div>
<div class="container">
<label id="jogador">É a vez do jogador 1</label>
</div>
A:
Eu simplificaria a logica, basta criar uma variável global e verificar a mesma:
var elem = "O";
$(document).ready(function() {
$(".botao").click(function() {
$(this).text(elem);
if (elem == "X") {
elem = "O";
$("#jogador").text("É a vez do jogador 1");
} else if (elem == "O") {
elem = "X";
$("#jogador").text("É a vez do jogador 2");
}
});
});
.btn-default {
padding: 40px;
}
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.12.4/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<link href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" />
<div class="container" style="border:1px solid red; width:320px; height:320px;">
<button class="btn btn-default botao">1</button>
<button class="btn btn-default botao">2</button>
<button class="btn btn-default botao">1</button>
<button class="btn btn-default botao">2</button>
<button class="btn btn-default botao">3</button>
<button class="btn btn-default botao">4</button>
<button class="btn btn-default botao">5</button>
<button class="btn btn-default botao">6</button>
<button class="btn btn-default botao">7</button>
</div>
<div class="container">
<label id="jogador">É a vez do jogador 1</label>
</div>
A:
Segue o código com correção:
$(document).ready(function() {
var player = 1;
$(".botao").click(function() {
if(player == 1) {
$(this).text("X");
player = 2;
} else {
$(this).text("O");
player = 1;
}
$("#jogador").text("É a vez do jogador " + player);
});
});
.btn-default {
padding: 40px;
}
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.12.4/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<link href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" />
<div class="container" style="border:1px solid red; width:320px; height:320px;">
<p>
<button class="btn btn-default botao">1</button>
<button class="btn btn-default botao">2</button>
<button class="btn btn-default botao">3</button>
</p>
<p>
<button class="btn btn-default botao">4</button>
<button class="btn btn-default botao">5</button>
<button class="btn btn-default botao">6</button>
</p>
<p>
<button class="btn btn-default botao">7</button>
<button class="btn btn-default botao">8</button>
<button class="btn btn-default botao">9</button>
</p>
</div>
<div class="container">
<label id="jogador">É a vez do jogador 1</label>
</div>
O que fiz foi criar uma variável global no documento chamada player, ao clicar no botão, caso o player seja 1, então coloco X e atribuo 2 a essa variável para indicar que é o player 2 quem irá jogar, caso seja a vez do player 2 então faz o contrário, coloca O e a variável player passa a valer 1.
|
A marine/freshwater biomedical research and training core center is proposed. Its objectives will be to facilitate the development and use of aquatic animals as models of human disease processes of environmental significance. Principal efforts will be directed toward use of aquatic animals for mutagenesis and teratogenesis investigation with environmental pollutants such as hydrocarbons and metals as etiologic agents. The development of this center will foster training of environmental scientists in these interrelated fields. |
Q:
LinkedList put into Intent extra gets recast to ArrayList when retrieving in next activity
A behaviour i'm observing w.r.t passing serializable data as intent extra is quite strange, and I just wanted to clarify whether there's something I'm not missing out on.
So the thing I was trying to do is that in ActivtyA I put a LinkedList instance into the intent I created for starting the next activity - ActivityB.
LinkedList<Item> items = (some operation);
Intent intent = new Intent(this, ActivityB.class);
intent.putExtra(AppConstants.KEY_ITEMS, items);
In the onCreate of ActivityB, I tried to retrieve the LinkedList extra as follows -
LinkedList<Item> items = (LinkedList<Item>) getIntent()
.getSerializableExtra(AppConstants.KEY_ITEMS);
On running this, I repeatedly got a ClassCastException in ActivityB, at the line above. Basically, the exception said that I was receiving an ArrayList. Once I changed the code above to receive an ArrayList instead, everything worked just fine.
Now I can't just figure out from the existing documentation whether this is the expected behaviour on Android when passing serializable List implementations. Or perhaps, there's something fundamentally wrong w/ what I'm doing.
Thanks.
A:
I can tell you why this is happening, but you aren't going to like it ;-)
First a bit of background information:
Extras in an Intent are basically an Android Bundle which is basically a HashMap of key/value pairs. So when you do something like
intent.putExtra(AppConstants.KEY_ITEMS, items);
Android creates a new Bundle for the extras and adds a map entry to the Bundle where the key is AppConstants.KEY_ITEMS and the value is items (which is your LinkedList object).
This is all fine and good, and if you were to look at the extras bundle after your code executes you will find that it contains a LinkedList. Now comes the interesting part...
When you call startActivity() with the extras-containing Intent, Android needs to convert the extras from a map of key/value pairs into a byte stream. Basically it needs to serialize the Bundle. It needs to do that because it may start the activity in another process and in order to do that it needs to serialize/deserialize the objects in the Bundle so that it can recreate them in the new process. It also needs to do this because Android saves the contents of the Intent in some system tables so that it can regenerate the Intent if it needs to later.
In order to serialize the Bundle into a byte stream, it goes through the map in the bundle and gets each key/value pair. Then it takes each "value" (which is some kind of object) and tries to determine what kind of object it is so that it can serialize it in the most efficient way. To do this, it checks the object type against a list of known object types. The list of "known object types" contains things like Integer, Long, String, Map, Bundle and unfortunately also List. So if the object is a List (of which there are many different kinds, including LinkedList) it serializes it and marks it as an object of type List.
When the Bundle is deserialized, ie: when you do this:
LinkedList<Item> items = (LinkedList<Item>)
getIntent().getSerializableExtra(AppConstants.KEY_ITEMS);
it produces an ArrayList for all objects in the Bundle of type List.
There isn't really anything you can do to change this behaviour of Android. At least now you know why it does this.
Just so that you know: I actually wrote a small test program to verify this behaviour and I have looked at the source code for Parcel.writeValue(Object v) which is the method that gets called from Bundle when it converts the map into a byte stream.
Important Note: Since List is an interface this means that any class that implements List that you put into a Bundle will come out as an ArrayList.
It is also interesting that Map is also in the list of "known object types" which means that no matter what kind of Map object you put into a Bundle (for example TreeMap, SortedMap, or any class that implements the Map interface), you will always get a HashMap out of it.
A:
The answer by @David Wasser is right on in terms of diagnosing the problem. This post is to share how I handled it.
The problem with any List object coming out as an ArrayList isn't horrible, because you can always do something like
LinkedList<String> items = new LinkedList<>(
(List<String>) intent.getSerializableExtra(KEY));
which will add all the elements of the deserialized list to a new LinkedList.
The problem is much worse when it comes to Map, because you may have tried to serialize a LinkedHashMap and have now lost the element ordering.
Fortunately, there's a (relatively) painless way around this: define your own serializable wrapper class. You can do it for specific types or do it generically:
public class Wrapper <T extends Serializable> implements Serializable {
private T wrapped;
public Wrapper(T wrapped) {
this.wrapped = wrapped;
}
public T get() {
return wrapped;
}
}
Then you can use this to hide your List, Map, or other data type from Android's type checking:
intent.putExtra(KEY, new Wrapper<>(items));
and later:
items = ((Wrapper<LinkedList<String>>) intent.getSerializableExtra(KEY)).get();
|
Q:
Send Cognos Burst Reporting to multiple emails
I have a few reports that need to be sent form hourly certain intervals during the day.
I know how to schedule burst jobs and they send out fine, but i am being tasked with sending that same exact thing to "CC" that persons mananagerl1 and managerl2
Lets say part of the email table looks like
Name | mgr1 | mgr2 | email | mgr1eml | mgr2email
normally i burst to email and group by name
how would i burst to all three emails without having to create 3 different reports?
A:
It's been a while, but I think you can do it this way:
Use a comma delimited string for your email addresses:
[email protected],[email protected],...
Set your burst property to email addresses (Report Studio > File menu > Burst Options > Burst Recipient > Type).
|
Gun Control Lawmaker Facing Recall
The organizers of an effort to recall Colorado Senate President John Morse turned in Monday more than twice the number of signatures required to force a special election, possibly setting the stage for an expensive, national battle over gun control.
If the signatures are determined to be valid and survive a court challenge, it’s likely voters in Morse’s Senate district will decide at a special election in September whether to oust the Colorado Springs Democrat.
Morse’s support of gun-control legislation in the 2013 session as well as his leadership style sparked the recall effort. |
Generation of high-density DNA markers from yeast artificial chromosome DNA by single unique primer-polymerase chain reaction.
We have developed a method for the whole sequence amplification of yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) DNA excised from preparative pulsed-field gel electrophoresis using single unique primer-polymerase chain reaction procedures. We used seven contiguous YAC clones, which span 2 Mbp of the Huntington disease gene region on 4p16.3, to amplify the YAC DNAs. The average size of the amplified DNA was approximately 300 bp long, and 12 DNA markers located on the YAC clones positively hybridized with these amplified products, implying that the sequences of the YAC clones were comprehensively amplified by our procedures. These amplified YAC DNAs greatly facilitate the characterization of YAC clones, leading to the detailed analysis of the defined chromosomal region. |
“Spike! No, Spike!” Too late, my mutt Spike was busily sniffing up the butt of another dog, one that didn’t seem to mind really, but the gaze from the stud that held the other end of that dog’s leash made me embarrassed anyway. I tugged on the leash and finally Spike minded me, coming over with a hurt look on his face as if to say that he was just being a good neighbor. I fished around for something to say to the well built guy whose dog just got nose raped by mine when he smiled and reached out a hand.
“No harm done as I can see and anyway, dogs will be dogs. My name’s Rick and Henry’s my dog.” I introduced myself and Spike, who decided since I was talking nicely with the fine fellow that it would be ok to start sniffing HIM. He’d just began at the man’s shoe and I hastily tugged on the leash again in fear that he’d complete the “trick” that I’d taught him.
“No, Spike, no!” Again, he gave me that hurt look and came back to ‘hmpf’ at my feet, watching both Henry and Rick carefully just in case I changed my mind. Indeed, I would have been quite pleased to have Spike perform his “trick” with this young man, for he was tall, muscular in all the right places and had that smile that made me just melt when one was directed at me. His hair was dark blond, close cropped military style and his eyes were a deep blue that sparkled as he watched Spike and I. Clean shaven and wearing tight ‘mufti’ type t-shirt and shorts, I’d pegged him as one of the countless marines living off base as they had for many years. His body was in fine US Government shape, evident from the tight clothing as was the fact that he was well endowed at the crotch area. Later on I was to find that he was in the Reserves and actually it was that membership that brought us together through our dogs.
As we talked we had headed to the apartment complex’s newly created dog park, a fenced area of well maintained grass and benches where dogs could run off leash and play in a secure area. I found it amusing that in the year before this same area was a children’s ‘tot lot’ but as it was never used by the few families with kids it was converted to what was really needed. We entered the dog park and secured the gate behind us, got ourselves a set of plastic poop gloves and released our dogs!
Off they tore, like two school kids let loose after chores, romping and peeing on everything, sniffing everywhere and, of course, each other. Both dogs were ‘fixed’ males, but it was funny to see them still highly interested in each other’s butts. Rick and I settled on a bench and chatted about various things, until he got quiet as he watched our dogs play.
“What is it, Rick? You seem distracted.” I said as I broke from watching HIM to see what was up.
He shrugged and turned towards me. “Well, I got to leave here in a few weeks for my Reserve shift and I have nowhere for Henry to stay while I’m gone.” Rick sighed and I sighed as I watched his muscles flex under the tight clothing. “He’s a good dog, but most of my friends just don’t want the burden of taking care of a dog, even if it is only a few weeks out of the year.”
I thought about it some and murmured that things would work out somehow. I had the same problem when I went on vacation, but made enough money to board Spike with the vet if I had to. Seeing this guy all concerned about his dog tugged at my heart (as well as his body did my cock) so I offered to take care of Henry as it was obvious to both of us that our dogs got along quite well.
“Two dogs for a short time can’t be that much of a bother,” I said, basking in the growing smile on Rick’s face, “and I’m sure that they don’t eat so much that I’ll go broke. I figure I can take them for walks together and if Henry doesn’t mind going out to do his business when Spike goes, I think we can do this with no problem.” Rick looked like somebody just handed him a million dollars and to my delight, hugged me hard before I realized what he’d done.
“Oh man, you just relieved me of my worst worry!” His hug had, of course, brought our lower bodies close enough to touch and our hairy lower legs pressed together briefly until he released me and sat back, grinning broader than any time earlier that day. “I know Henry and Spike will get along great and of course I’ll leave money for Henry’s food. I don’t think having a brother will bother Henry at all, in fact he’ll be almost on vacation himself!”
We laughed and then it was time to head back to our respective apartments after policing the park as good citizens should after their dogs. Disposing of the used gloves in the special trash cans, we put the leashes back on our dogs and headed out through the gate. Rick stopped and grabbed my arm before I turned off towards my apartment. “Here’s my phone number and address. Feel free to drop by. I’m home most evenings and always keep a six pack and steaks in the fridge for my buddies.” He handed me a card from his back pocket with this information on it.
“That sounds great, Rick,” I said as I pocketed the card and shook hands with him. “I’ll give you a call when I get back to my place and pass my info to you as well.” He grinned and we headed our two ways with our dogs, who looked a bit disappointed they couldn’t play more with each other. I called Rick a few minutes later and gave him my address and phone number and we also exchanged cell phone numbers just in case. After I’d hung up I was rather horny and had Spike perform his ‘trick’ before showering and setting up for my own dinner.
A few days later Rick called and invited Spike and I to dinner. “Like I said, I got beer and steaks, but if you want to bring something that would be ok.” I volunteered to bring what I called a ‘man’s salad’ which made him laugh and later that day arrived with Spike and my salad. Rick whistled at the hearty salad I’d made and I explained that the idea of a ‘man’s salad’ was to make it chunkier and put more stuff in it than most women did. We shared the salad and steaks while our dogs had a little bit of steak as well and then took our beers out to Rick’s balcony to relax.
I complemented Rick on his steaks and he made a comment that meat was his specialty, something that was loaded with innuendo and after a few more comments like that I turned and, emboldened, asked Rick if he was bisexual.
“No, are you?” When I told him I was gay, he smiled. “Me too, cool how that worked out.” We laughed and now we openly cruised each other, checking out each other’s hard bodies and especially each other’s thickening crotches. Spike noticed us and happily went to Rick, first sniffing his bare leg and slowly sniffing and licking upwards until he got to where Rick’s shorts began.
“Spike, No!” I wasn’t sure if Rick was ready for Spike’s ‘trick.’
“What’s wrong, Mike, he’s just interested in me, that’s all.”
I shook my head, watching Spike as he ‘hmpft’ again and lay at Rick’s feet. “I taught Spike a special trick that you might find embarrassing, Rick, and unfortunately Spike likes the reward so much he tries his trick with every guy I meet.”
Rick’s eyebrows went up and he said, “I’d like to see this trick if I can. Do I need to do anything special?”
“The trick works best if you’re naked, at least that’s how I taught Spike,” I said, reddening a bit in embarrassment. My embarrassment changed to lust as Rick just nodded and stood up, peeling off his tight t-shirt and pulling off his shorts to reveal that he was going commando. He settled back in his chair, spread his legs and nodded to me. “OK, Spike, ‘Trick!’”
Spike happily got up and started sniffing and licking up Rick’s leg again, moving up past his knee to where his thickly muscled thigh began. He paused a second to check to make sure I hadn’t changed my mind and then moved up Rick’s meaty thigh to where a nicely engorged cock was growing. Rick was uncut, and Spike got confused for a bit as he watched a different type of cock, but understood what to do after Rick’s head appeared from its skin covering. With a happy grunt Spike zeroed in on Rick’s balls and began licking them with long, slow strokes.
“Umm… oh…” moaned Rick as Spike worked his heavy balls, licking up from the bottom of the ball sack and catching one ball lightly in the cup of his tongue before completing the stroke and going for the other one. The signal to move to the cock was always the presence of precum, and as the first pearly drop appeared at Rick’s cockhead, Spike move forward and began licking the underside of Rick’s hard cock. Of course, Spike had no way of knowing as I did that uncut cocks are very sensitive right there and, like a switch being turned on, my doggie was getting well rewarded in precum as Rick moaned louder and deeper as his cock sent pleasure signals all across his nerves.
Rick moaned louder when Spike’s tongue would scrape lightly against his frenum, the most sensitive spot on men and, for uncut guys, where the biggest trigger was located. That and having a more sensitive head that would receive licks from Spike as he got his precum treat were enough to set off the orgasm and Rick was no exception to the rule. “Oh fuck!” yelled Rick as he began shooting thick cream from his cock, Spike yelping again happily as the man milk began coating Rick’s lap and chest. Spike kept up the work until Rick stopped shooting, and then helpfully licked up every drop of cum that had gone on Rick’s body. Weakly, Rick looked over at me and whispered hoarsely, “Some trick…”
I grinned and motioned to Spike who headed over to where I sat, now naked and throbbing with my own need. “Spike, Trick!” Soon I was moaning and shooting my own load while my doggie lapped up the goods. Seeing neither man with a hard cock, Spike gave one last lick to my crotch and sat at my feet, watching the both of us just in case we were ready for a second round.
Rick got up and came around to my chair, bent close to me and planted a big kiss on my lips. “Ok I think it’s time Master got a chance to have fun with me as well…” I grinned and told Spike to stay, which he did, content (and full of man spunk) to wait until I called again. The two of us headed into Rick’s bedroom and, after collecting a rubber and some lube from a handy side table drawer, Rick was on his back, his ankles resting on my shoulders and my rubberized cock ready to enter his pulsating hole!
I slowly entered him, his moans deepening to groans as I spread his legs wider to get better depth and, when I hit his joy button, his cock leapt up like a startled fish. Long deep strokes slowly moved to the short ‘almost ready to cum’ ones and, with a yelp from Rick, his orgasm began pulsing around my cock, his cock coating his ripped abs and thick pecs with creamy goodness. I was in hog heaven with the feeling on my rod and it didn’t long before I was filling the tip of my rubber to bursting. When I was done I carefully pulled out of Rick’s fine asshole and rolled over onto my back beside my raggedly breathing fuck buddy and then carefully removed the rubber to empty the spunk inside it onto my belly. “Spike, Trick!” With a galloping sound my dog hustled into the bedroom and, nose aquiver, began vacuuming up the spooge on our bodies.
Rick began laughing as Spike happily licked off his cum from his belly, saying that it tickled a bit and, with a little woof Spike continued cleaning of my buddy’s upper torso until he couldn’t find any more. Turning towards me, he cleaned off my belly, carefully licking out the depression where my belly button lay as well as a nice deposit of cum. I agreed with Rick, Spike’s tongue on the belly was rather tickling to the sensitive area right after cumming, and we giggled like two school girls as Spike completed his trick.
We rested, side by side with our hands idly stroking each other as we waited for the post-orgasmic buzz to fade away and when we felt like moving again we got up and showered together, itself creating another post-orgasmic buzz, although this time it was my butthole that was stretched. Poor Spike didn’t get to do his trick this time as the shower cleared off all the spooge before I had a chance to call him into the bathroom. Towels around our waists, we headed to the living room and, with a couple more beers, chatted about not much of anything until Rick suggested I spend the night…
…the next morning, after rounds of heavy sex that left my dog so full of spunk, the last time I called out “Trick” he just hmpfed at me and went back to sleep. Rick and I laughed at that and cleaned ourselves up, had breakfast that morning and then Spike and I went home to prepare for Henry’s stay. A few days later Rick and Henry came over, Henry all excited and sniffing everything in the apartment before we headed to the dog park together. Rick was getting Henry used to my place and that evening he and Henry stayed overnight, Henry confused by Spike performing his trick three times that evening and finally deciding that it was interesting enough to try for himself. I thought Rick’s smile couldn’t get much wider when he realized that his dog had found his crotch and was happily licking up his master’s cum. “Guess I don’t have to do cum rag laundry anymore,” he said, giggling as Henry’s tongue lapped at his belly button, “now I have my own personal spooge vacuum.”
I nodded, Spike cleaning my belly off as well. “Saves a lot of energy and water too.” We both laughed and let the dogs finish before we settled into each other’s arms, slowly falling asleep…
…unfortunately, the next morning Rick had to report for duty and we got up early, Rick taking a quick shower and getting dressed in his reservist’s uniform before eating what he called his last home cooked meal for awhile. Before grabbing his duffel and walking out the door, he stopped and pulled me into a huge bear hug. Kissing me, he whispered, “Thanks, Mike, for not only taking care of Henry for me but also taking care of me. When I get back, I’ll show you how appreciative I am!”
I grinned and rubbed my ass. “Can hardly wait, Rick! Henry, Spike and I will get along fine. You go off and do your duty and when you get back in a few weeks, we’ll have a celebration all ready for you!” Another hug and kiss later, Rick had driven away and the dogs were now resting at my feet while I sat on the couch still tingling from that last kiss.
The weeks rolled by and indeed, the two dogs were good friends and not any problem at all to manage. I developed a bit more muscle in my arms from having to restrain two dogs rather than one, but overall it worked out fine. I reinforced Henry’s newly trained ‘trick’ and Spike had to share the wealth, so to speak, but I knew Henry had received all the training he needed and now was in practice mode, the dogs again got along as long as they shared my cock, balls and spooge.
There were three happy mutts when I heard the knock at the door and Rick stood there, Henry because master was home, Spike because Henry was excited and myself because I had really missed Rick! He laughed as we all tried to hug, lick and rub against him and finally we got ourselves organized on the couch, the two dogs at our feet and the two humans in each other’s arms.
“I’m so glad to be home!” Rick said, smiling into my eyes as we embraced. “It was sheer torture to be without you guys, even for two weeks! I haven’t jacked off or anything as I shared bunk space with five other guys, none of them gay and too ‘uber-straight’ for me.” He grinned and continued, “Besides, my buddy at home and my dog will help me take care of that problem!” We laughed and then we got a bit more purposeful with our hands, finally stripping each other and kissing until we were so horny it was time.
“Spike! Henry! ‘Trick…’!”
The model used to illustrate this story is Alexander Keus. If you'd like to see more photos of him, click here. |
Q:
Understanding difference in unix epoch time via Python vs. InfluxDB
I've been trying to figure out how to generate the same Unix epoch time that I see within InfluxDB next to measurement entries.
Let me start by saying I am trying to use the same date and time in all tests:
April 01, 2017 at 2:00AM CDT
If I view a measurement in InfluxDB, I see time stamps such as:
1491030000000000000
If I view that measurement in InfluxDB using the -precision rfc3339 it appears as:
2017-04-01T07:00:00Z
So I can see that InfluxDB used UTC
I cannot seem to generate that same timestamp through Python, however.
For instance, I've tried a few different ways:
>>> calendar.timegm(time.strptime('04/01/2017 02:00:00', '%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S'))
1491012000
>>> calendar.timegm(time.strptime('04/01/2017 07:00:00', '%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S'))
1491030000
>>> t = datetime.datetime(2017,04,01,02,00,00)
>>> print "Epoch Seconds:", time.mktime(t.timetuple())
Epoch Seconds: 1491030000.0
The last two samples above at least appear to give me the same number, but it's much shorter than what InfluxDB has. I am assuming that is related to the precision, InfluxDB does things down to nanosecond I think?
Python Result: 1491030000
Influx Result: 1491030000000000000
If I try to enter a measurement into InfluxDB using the result Python gives me it ends up showing as:
1491030000 = 1970-01-01T00:00:01.49103Z
So I have to add on the extra nine 0's.
I suppose there are a few ways to do this programmatically within Python if it's as simple as adding on nine 0's to the result. But I would like to know why I can't seem to generate the same precision level in just one conversion.
I have a CSV file with tons of old timestamps that are simply, "4/1/17 2:00". Every day at 2 am there is a measurement.
I need to be able to convert that to the proper format that InfluxDB needs "1491030000000000000" to insert all these old measurements.
A better understanding of what is going on and why is more important than how to programmatically solve this in Python. Although I would be grateful to responses that can do both; explain the issue and what I am seeing and why as well as ideas on how to take a CSV with one column that contains time stamps that appear as "4/1/17 2:00" and convert them to timestamps that appear as "1491030000000000000" either in a separate file or in a second column.
A:
Something like this should work to solve your current problem. I didn't have a test csv to try this on, but it will likely work for you. It will take whatever csv file you put where "old.csv" is and create a second csv with the timestamp in nanoseconds.
import time
import datetime
import csv
def convertToNano(date):
s = date
secondsTimestamp = time.mktime(datetime.datetime.strptime(s, "%d/%m/%y %H:%M").timetuple())
nanoTimestamp = str(secondsTimestamp).replace(".0", "000000000")
return nanoTimestamp
with open('old.csv', 'rb') as old_csv:
csv_reader = csv.reader(old_csv)
with open('new.csv', 'wb') as new_csv:
csv_writer = csv.writer(new_csv)
for i, row in enumerate(csv_reader):
if i != 0:
# Put whatever rows the data appears in and the row you want the data to go in here
row.append(convertToNano(row[<location of date in the row>]))
csv_writer.writerow(row)
As to why this is happening, after reading this it seems like you aren't the only one getting frustrated by this issue. It seems as though influxdb just happens to be using a different type of precision then most python modules. I didn't really see any way to get around it than doing the string manipulation of the date conversion unfortunately.
|
Columbia Center (Troy)
The Columbia Center is a pair of twin towers on Big Beaver Road on Troy, Michigan. Both buildings were designed by Minoru Yamasaki & Associates, designers of One Woodward Avenue and the now-destroyed World Trade Center. Both buildings stand 14 floors and are 193 ft (59m) tall.
At one time Northwest Airlines had a ticket office in Suite 115 of the complex.
Columbia Center East
Columbia Center East is located at 101 W. Big Beaver Road. The building was constructed in 1998, and finished in 2000. It stands at 15 floors in height, with 14 above-ground floors, and 1 basement floor. The high-rise is used as offices for a number of local and regional businesses.
The building was designed in the modern architectural style, and uses mainly brick and glass.
Columbia Center West
Columbia Center West is located at 201 W. Big Beaver Road. The building was built in 1989, and has the same number of floors and basements as its younger twin. The high-rise is used for offices, restaurants, retail, and includes a fitness center.
Like Columbia Center East, it was designed in the architectural style, and uses mainly brick and glass.
References
External links
Category:Skyscrapers in Troy, Michigan
Category:Skyscraper office buildings in Michigan
Category:Office buildings completed in 2000
Category:2000 establishments in Michigan
Category:Minoru Yamasaki buildings |
Q:
LINQ to Entities does not recognize the method '<>f__AnonymousType4`1[System.String] get_Item(Int32)'
please I'm working on a ASP.NET MVC project with Entity Framework, I try to use this Query but I got an error .
Query :
var R = (from A in SCHOOL_DB_Context.Con.ABS where A.STG_ABS == STG && (A.DT_ABS.Month + "/" + A.DT_ABS.Year) == MONTHS[i].MONTH && A.DT_ABS.Hour == Hour select A).ToList();
Error :
LINQ to Entities does not recognize the method
'<>f__AnonymousType4`1[System.String] get_Item(Int32)' method, and
this method cannot be translated into a store expression.
The full code is :
var MONTHS = (from A in SCHOOL_DB_Context.Con.ABS where A.STG_ABS == STG && A.DT_ABS.Hour == Hour group A by A.DT_ABS.Month + "/" + A.DT_ABS.Year into G select new { MONTH = G.Key }).ToList();
List<DataPoint> DATA = new List<DataPoint>();
List<DataPoint> DTP = new List<DataPoint>();
if (MONTHS.Count == 0)
{
DTP.Add(new DataPoint(null, null));
}
else
{
for (int i = 0; i < MONTHS.Count; i++)
{
var R = (from A in SCHOOL_DB_Context.Con.ABS where A.STG_ABS == STG && (A.DT_ABS.Month + "/" + A.DT_ABS.Year) == MONTHS[i].MONTH && A.DT_ABS.Hour == Hour select A).ToList();
int Count = 0;
Count = R.Count;
//DATA.Add(new DataPoint(MONTHS[i].MONTH, Count));
DTP.Add(new DataPoint(MONTHS[i].MONTH, Count));
}
}
Please any help to fix this issue?
A:
Try pulling the indexer out of the secondary query:
var month = MONTHS[i].MONTH;
var R = (from A in SCHOOL_DB_Context.Con.ABS
where A.STG_ABS == STG
&& (A.DT_ABS.Month + "/" + A.DT_ABS.Year) == month
&& A.DT_ABS.Hour == Hour
select A).ToList();
You might still get an error concatenating the month and year as a string - if you do my next suggestion would be to pull the month and year separately in the MONTHS query and compare the two values independently.
|
DJs brings in help to review Myer merger
Retailer David Jones will undertake a thorough assessment of a merger proposal put by rival Myer.
David Jones has appointed consultants to help it review the proposal, and identify any benefits for the two retailers.
The review will also assess the benefits of David Jones proceeding on a stand-alone basis.
Nonetheless, the latest statement from David Jones represents a significant shift for the company after it stated last year there would be no fair value to its shareholders in merging with Myer.
David Jones said that, given the Myer proposal was based on a share swap, and if talks between the two companies proceeded, an assessment would be made of Myer's business, requiring Myer's co-operation.
David Jones chairman Gordon Cairns said it was imperative that his company undertook this initial strategic work prior to talks with Myer.
"It will enable us to have a full understanding of the value that can be delivered to our shareholders if David Jones were to merge with Myer, versus the value that can reasonably be expected to be delivered to our shareholders if the company continues with its Future Strategic Direction Plan on a stand-alone basis," Mr Cairns said.
"Once this work is completed, we will be in a position to engage in a meaningful way with Myer."
The latest developments in the proposed merger follow David Jones chief executive Paul Zahra reversing his decision to quit the company, and Myer chief executive Bernie Brookes' re-appointment to his job.
David Jones director Leigh Clapham also ended his role with the company on Tuesday.
He and fellow director Steve Vamos, plus chairman Peter Mason, announced in February they would step down after controversial share purchases by Mr Clapham and Mr Vamos.
Mr Mason and Mr Vamos have already left the company.
Mr Clapham said it had been a privilege to work with David Jones.
"I believe that I have acted in the best interests of the company at all times and it is clearly the right time for me to step down and wish the company well in the implementation of its Future Strategic Direction Plan," he said.
David Jones shares gained four cents to $3.33 while Myer shares dropped one cent to $2.65. |
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Workspace
version = "1.0">
<FileRef
location = "group:Runner.xcodeproj">
</FileRef>
</Workspace>
|
/*
* linux/include/asm-arm/proc-armv/processor.h
*
* Copyright (C) 1996-1999 Russell King.
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
* published by the Free Software Foundation.
*
* Changelog:
* 20-09-1996 RMK Created
* 26-09-1996 RMK Added 'EXTRA_THREAD_STRUCT*'
* 28-09-1996 RMK Moved start_thread into the processor dependencies
* 09-09-1998 PJB Delete redundant `wp_works_ok'
* 30-05-1999 PJB Save sl across context switches
* 31-07-1999 RMK Added 'domain' stuff
*/
#ifndef __ASM_PROC_PROCESSOR_H
#define __ASM_PROC_PROCESSOR_H
#include <asm/proc/domain.h>
#define KERNEL_STACK_SIZE PAGE_SIZE
struct context_save_struct {
unsigned long cpsr;
unsigned long r4;
unsigned long r5;
unsigned long r6;
unsigned long r7;
unsigned long r8;
unsigned long r9;
unsigned long sl;
unsigned long fp;
unsigned long pc;
};
#define INIT_CSS (struct context_save_struct){ SVC_MODE, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 }
#define EXTRA_THREAD_STRUCT \
unsigned int domain;
#define EXTRA_THREAD_STRUCT_INIT \
domain: domain_val(DOMAIN_USER, DOMAIN_CLIENT) | \
domain_val(DOMAIN_KERNEL, DOMAIN_MANAGER) | \
domain_val(DOMAIN_IO, DOMAIN_CLIENT)
#define start_thread(regs,pc,sp) \
({ \
unsigned long *stack = (unsigned long *)sp; \
set_fs(USER_DS); \
memzero(regs->uregs, sizeof(regs->uregs)); \
if (current->personality & ADDR_LIMIT_32BIT) \
regs->ARM_cpsr = USR_MODE; \
else \
regs->ARM_cpsr = USR26_MODE; \
regs->ARM_pc = pc; /* pc */ \
regs->ARM_sp = sp; /* sp */ \
regs->ARM_r2 = stack[2]; /* r2 (envp) */ \
regs->ARM_r1 = stack[1]; /* r1 (argv) */ \
regs->ARM_r0 = stack[0]; /* r0 (argc) */ \
})
#define KSTK_EIP(tsk) (((unsigned long *)(4096+(unsigned long)(tsk)))[1019])
#define KSTK_ESP(tsk) (((unsigned long *)(4096+(unsigned long)(tsk)))[1017])
/* Allocation and freeing of basic task resources. */
/*
* NOTE! The task struct and the stack go together
*/
#define ll_alloc_task_struct() ((struct task_struct *) __get_free_pages(GFP_KERNEL,1))
#define ll_free_task_struct(p) free_pages((unsigned long)(p),1)
#endif
|
if (global.GENTLY) require = GENTLY.hijack(require);
var crypto = require('crypto');
var fs = require('fs');
var util = require('util'),
path = require('path'),
File = require('./file'),
MultipartParser = require('./multipart_parser').MultipartParser,
QuerystringParser = require('./querystring_parser').QuerystringParser,
OctetParser = require('./octet_parser').OctetParser,
JSONParser = require('./json_parser').JSONParser,
StringDecoder = require('string_decoder').StringDecoder,
EventEmitter = require('events').EventEmitter,
Stream = require('stream').Stream,
os = require('os');
function IncomingForm(opts) {
if (!(this instanceof IncomingForm)) return new IncomingForm(opts);
EventEmitter.call(this);
opts=opts||{};
this.error = null;
this.ended = false;
this.maxFields = opts.maxFields || 1000;
this.maxFieldsSize = opts.maxFieldsSize || 2 * 1024 * 1024;
this.keepExtensions = opts.keepExtensions || false;
this.uploadDir = opts.uploadDir || os.tmpDir();
this.encoding = opts.encoding || 'utf-8';
this.headers = null;
this.type = null;
this.hash = opts.hash || false;
this.multiples = opts.multiples || false;
this.bytesReceived = null;
this.bytesExpected = null;
this._parser = null;
this._flushing = 0;
this._fieldsSize = 0;
this.openedFiles = [];
return this;
}
util.inherits(IncomingForm, EventEmitter);
exports.IncomingForm = IncomingForm;
IncomingForm.prototype.parse = function(req, cb) {
this.pause = function() {
try {
req.pause();
} catch (err) {
// the stream was destroyed
if (!this.ended) {
// before it was completed, crash & burn
this._error(err);
}
return false;
}
return true;
};
this.resume = function() {
try {
req.resume();
} catch (err) {
// the stream was destroyed
if (!this.ended) {
// before it was completed, crash & burn
this._error(err);
}
return false;
}
return true;
};
// Setup callback first, so we don't miss anything from data events emitted
// immediately.
if (cb) {
var fields = {}, files = {};
this
.on('field', function(name, value) {
fields[name] = value;
})
.on('file', function(name, file) {
if (this.multiples) {
if (files[name]) {
if (!Array.isArray(files[name])) {
files[name] = [files[name]];
}
files[name].push(file);
} else {
files[name] = file;
}
} else {
files[name] = file;
}
})
.on('error', function(err) {
cb(err, fields, files);
})
.on('end', function() {
cb(null, fields, files);
});
}
// Parse headers and setup the parser, ready to start listening for data.
this.writeHeaders(req.headers);
// Start listening for data.
var self = this;
req
.on('error', function(err) {
self._error(err);
})
.on('aborted', function() {
self.emit('aborted');
self._error(new Error('Request aborted'));
})
.on('data', function(buffer) {
self.write(buffer);
})
.on('end', function() {
if (self.error) {
return;
}
var err = self._parser.end();
if (err) {
self._error(err);
}
});
return this;
};
IncomingForm.prototype.writeHeaders = function(headers) {
this.headers = headers;
this._parseContentLength();
this._parseContentType();
};
IncomingForm.prototype.write = function(buffer) {
if (this.error) {
return;
}
if (!this._parser) {
this._error(new Error('uninitialized parser'));
return;
}
this.bytesReceived += buffer.length;
this.emit('progress', this.bytesReceived, this.bytesExpected);
var bytesParsed = this._parser.write(buffer);
if (bytesParsed !== buffer.length) {
this._error(new Error('parser error, '+bytesParsed+' of '+buffer.length+' bytes parsed'));
}
return bytesParsed;
};
IncomingForm.prototype.pause = function() {
// this does nothing, unless overwritten in IncomingForm.parse
return false;
};
IncomingForm.prototype.resume = function() {
// this does nothing, unless overwritten in IncomingForm.parse
return false;
};
IncomingForm.prototype.onPart = function(part) {
// this method can be overwritten by the user
this.handlePart(part);
};
IncomingForm.prototype.handlePart = function(part) {
var self = this;
if (part.filename === undefined) {
var value = ''
, decoder = new StringDecoder(this.encoding);
part.on('data', function(buffer) {
self._fieldsSize += buffer.length;
if (self._fieldsSize > self.maxFieldsSize) {
self._error(new Error('maxFieldsSize exceeded, received '+self._fieldsSize+' bytes of field data'));
return;
}
value += decoder.write(buffer);
});
part.on('end', function() {
self.emit('field', part.name, value);
});
return;
}
this._flushing++;
var file = new File({
path: this._uploadPath(part.filename),
name: part.filename,
type: part.mime,
hash: self.hash
});
this.emit('fileBegin', part.name, file);
file.open();
this.openedFiles.push(file);
part.on('data', function(buffer) {
if (buffer.length == 0) {
return;
}
self.pause();
file.write(buffer, function() {
self.resume();
});
});
part.on('end', function() {
file.end(function() {
self._flushing--;
self.emit('file', part.name, file);
self._maybeEnd();
});
});
};
function dummyParser(self) {
return {
end: function () {
self.ended = true;
self._maybeEnd();
return null;
}
};
}
IncomingForm.prototype._parseContentType = function() {
if (this.bytesExpected === 0) {
this._parser = dummyParser(this);
return;
}
if (!this.headers['content-type']) {
this._error(new Error('bad content-type header, no content-type'));
return;
}
if (this.headers['content-type'].match(/octet-stream/i)) {
this._initOctetStream();
return;
}
if (this.headers['content-type'].match(/urlencoded/i)) {
this._initUrlencoded();
return;
}
if (this.headers['content-type'].match(/multipart/i)) {
var m = this.headers['content-type'].match(/boundary=(?:"([^"]+)"|([^;]+))/i);
if (m) {
this._initMultipart(m[1] || m[2]);
} else {
this._error(new Error('bad content-type header, no multipart boundary'));
}
return;
}
if (this.headers['content-type'].match(/json/i)) {
this._initJSONencoded();
return;
}
this._error(new Error('bad content-type header, unknown content-type: '+this.headers['content-type']));
};
IncomingForm.prototype._error = function(err) {
if (this.error || this.ended) {
return;
}
this.error = err;
this.emit('error', err);
if (Array.isArray(this.openedFiles)) {
this.openedFiles.forEach(function(file) {
file._writeStream.destroy();
setTimeout(fs.unlink, 0, file.path, function(error) { });
});
}
};
IncomingForm.prototype._parseContentLength = function() {
this.bytesReceived = 0;
if (this.headers['content-length']) {
this.bytesExpected = parseInt(this.headers['content-length'], 10);
} else if (this.headers['transfer-encoding'] === undefined) {
this.bytesExpected = 0;
}
if (this.bytesExpected !== null) {
this.emit('progress', this.bytesReceived, this.bytesExpected);
}
};
IncomingForm.prototype._newParser = function() {
return new MultipartParser();
};
IncomingForm.prototype._initMultipart = function(boundary) {
this.type = 'multipart';
var parser = new MultipartParser(),
self = this,
headerField,
headerValue,
part;
parser.initWithBoundary(boundary);
parser.onPartBegin = function() {
part = new Stream();
part.readable = true;
part.headers = {};
part.name = null;
part.filename = null;
part.mime = null;
part.transferEncoding = 'binary';
part.transferBuffer = '';
headerField = '';
headerValue = '';
};
parser.onHeaderField = function(b, start, end) {
headerField += b.toString(self.encoding, start, end);
};
parser.onHeaderValue = function(b, start, end) {
headerValue += b.toString(self.encoding, start, end);
};
parser.onHeaderEnd = function() {
headerField = headerField.toLowerCase();
part.headers[headerField] = headerValue;
var m = headerValue.match(/\bname="([^"]+)"/i);
if (headerField == 'content-disposition') {
if (m) {
part.name = m[1];
}
part.filename = self._fileName(headerValue);
} else if (headerField == 'content-type') {
part.mime = headerValue;
} else if (headerField == 'content-transfer-encoding') {
part.transferEncoding = headerValue.toLowerCase();
}
headerField = '';
headerValue = '';
};
parser.onHeadersEnd = function() {
switch(part.transferEncoding){
case 'binary':
case '7bit':
case '8bit':
parser.onPartData = function(b, start, end) {
part.emit('data', b.slice(start, end));
};
parser.onPartEnd = function() {
part.emit('end');
};
break;
case 'base64':
parser.onPartData = function(b, start, end) {
part.transferBuffer += b.slice(start, end).toString('ascii');
/*
four bytes (chars) in base64 converts to three bytes in binary
encoding. So we should always work with a number of bytes that
can be divided by 4, it will result in a number of buytes that
can be divided vy 3.
*/
var offset = parseInt(part.transferBuffer.length / 4, 10) * 4;
part.emit('data', new Buffer(part.transferBuffer.substring(0, offset), 'base64'));
part.transferBuffer = part.transferBuffer.substring(offset);
};
parser.onPartEnd = function() {
part.emit('data', new Buffer(part.transferBuffer, 'base64'));
part.emit('end');
};
break;
default:
return self._error(new Error('unknown transfer-encoding'));
}
self.onPart(part);
};
parser.onEnd = function() {
self.ended = true;
self._maybeEnd();
};
this._parser = parser;
};
IncomingForm.prototype._fileName = function(headerValue) {
var m = headerValue.match(/\bfilename="(.*?)"($|; )/i);
if (!m) return;
var filename = m[1].substr(m[1].lastIndexOf('\\') + 1);
filename = filename.replace(/%22/g, '"');
filename = filename.replace(/&#([\d]{4});/g, function(m, code) {
return String.fromCharCode(code);
});
return filename;
};
IncomingForm.prototype._initUrlencoded = function() {
this.type = 'urlencoded';
var parser = new QuerystringParser(this.maxFields)
, self = this;
parser.onField = function(key, val) {
self.emit('field', key, val);
};
parser.onEnd = function() {
self.ended = true;
self._maybeEnd();
};
this._parser = parser;
};
IncomingForm.prototype._initOctetStream = function() {
this.type = 'octet-stream';
var filename = this.headers['x-file-name'];
var mime = this.headers['content-type'];
var file = new File({
path: this._uploadPath(filename),
name: filename,
type: mime
});
this.emit('fileBegin', filename, file);
file.open();
this._flushing++;
var self = this;
self._parser = new OctetParser();
//Keep track of writes that haven't finished so we don't emit the file before it's done being written
var outstandingWrites = 0;
self._parser.on('data', function(buffer){
self.pause();
outstandingWrites++;
file.write(buffer, function() {
outstandingWrites--;
self.resume();
if(self.ended){
self._parser.emit('doneWritingFile');
}
});
});
self._parser.on('end', function(){
self._flushing--;
self.ended = true;
var done = function(){
file.end(function() {
self.emit('file', 'file', file);
self._maybeEnd();
});
};
if(outstandingWrites === 0){
done();
} else {
self._parser.once('doneWritingFile', done);
}
});
};
IncomingForm.prototype._initJSONencoded = function() {
this.type = 'json';
var parser = new JSONParser()
, self = this;
if (this.bytesExpected) {
parser.initWithLength(this.bytesExpected);
}
parser.onField = function(key, val) {
self.emit('field', key, val);
};
parser.onEnd = function() {
self.ended = true;
self._maybeEnd();
};
this._parser = parser;
};
IncomingForm.prototype._uploadPath = function(filename) {
var name = 'upload_';
var buf = crypto.randomBytes(16);
for (var i = 0; i < buf.length; ++i) {
name += ('0' + buf[i].toString(16)).slice(-2);
}
if (this.keepExtensions) {
var ext = path.extname(filename);
ext = ext.replace(/(\.[a-z0-9]+).*/i, '$1');
name += ext;
}
return path.join(this.uploadDir, name);
};
IncomingForm.prototype._maybeEnd = function() {
if (!this.ended || this._flushing || this.error) {
return;
}
this.emit('end');
};
|
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates, in general, to a shift control method for a vehicle having a double clutch transmission (DCT), and more particularly, to a technology for improving a response to a speed change during a kickdown.
2. Description of Related Art
Unlike an automatic transmission (AT) which requires only clutch shifting, a DCT can enable clutch shifting only after gear shifting has been completed. Therefore, in the DCT, gear shifting performance is a key factor for an overall response to speed change. In particular, more rapid gear shifting is required for a kickdown that a driver regards most sensitive for a response to speed change.
For reference, the gear shifting refers to a speed change operation that causes a sleeve to engage with a clutch gear due to them being synchronized using a synchronizer. The clutch shifting refers to a speed change operation that transmits power that has been supplied from an engine to drive wheels by changing its speed substantially using the sleeve, the clutch gear and shift gears by engaging the working parts of a clutch of an input shaft, the gear shifting of which has been completed as described above, with each other. In addition, gear releasing refers to the process in which the sleeve is released and disengaged from the clutch gear.
In order to reduce a time required for the gear shifting, displacement optimization at a point where the synchronization by the synchronizer starts, a reduced time for the synchronizer to carry out the synchronization, displacement optimization at a point where the working parts of the clutch gear are to engage with each other, and the like are required. Among these, most time is consumed in the range of the synchronization by the synchronizer during the gear shifting. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the time it takes the synchronizer to carry out synchronization.
The information disclosed in this Background of the Invention section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art. |
I'm definitely going to look into this a bit more. Where can I find more information about how synchronization works? Having trouble locating this. Can it get through firewalls? Is the entire tree always synchronized? |
Familial Mediterranean fever-associated diseases in children.
MEditerranean FeVer (MEFV) gene encodes for the pyrin protein and a mutated pyrin is associated with a prolonged or augmented inflammation. Hence, various diseases were reported to be associated with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) or carriers of MEFV mutations. However, systematic evaluation of all associated diseases in children with FMF has not been done previously. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency and type of FMF-associated diseases in children. Files of FMF patients who had been seen in two reference hospitals in Ankara, in the last two years, were retrospectively evaluated. Patients with FMF and concomitant diseases were included to the study. Among 600 FMF patients, 77 were found to have a concomitant disease (12.8%). Thirty patients (5%) had vasculitis; 21 (3.5%) had juvenile idiopathic artritis (JIA); 7 (1.16%) had inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and 19 had other diseases including 5 patients with isolated sacroiliitis. Overall, 13 (2.17%) patients had sacroiliitis in our cohort. The most frequent mutation was M694V/M694V (44%) and 81% of the patients had at least one M694V mutation. Majority of the patients (74%) developed associated diseases while they were not receiving colchicine therapy. Certain inflammatory diseases including vasculitis, chronic arthritis and IBD were more frequently detected in patients with FMF during childhood. M694V mutation is a susceptibility factor for associated diseases. In countries where FMF is prevalent, clinicians dealing with FMF and other inflammatory diseases should be aware of these associations. |
Meet Dr. Carol Ford
Dr. Carol Ford has been working in dentistry for the past 30 years. Her unique ability to connect with her patients on a personal level allows her to develop strong relationships and create long-range strategic plans for optimal oral health. Dr. Ford began her career as a dental assistant, during which time she developed a passion for helping people improve their health and quality of life. In 1983, she graduated from the University of Washington Dental School with honors, including Excellence in Pediatric, Restorative and Cosmetic Dentistry.
Dr. Ford is excited to welcome Dr. Roya N. Asin to the practice!
Dr. Asin was born and raised in Arizona, and attended high school in Scottsdale. After earning her Bachelor of Science degree from Colorado State University in Fort Collins, CO, she came back to the valley of the sun to receive her dental degree from Midwestern University in Glendale, AZ. During her time in dental school, she took a special interest in leadership positions and led her peers as the class president.
Dr. Asin’s main goal as a practitioner is to treat each of your dental needs as comfortably and painlessly as possible. Because dentists primarily work with their hands, she believes that dentistry is also a unique form of artistry.
When she’s not spending time practicing dentistry, Dr. Asin likes to remain active, especially outdoors). From scuba diving to skiing, she particularly enjoys hiking and backpack/camping trips. As AZ temperatures soar in the summer, she travels to beat the heat or partakes in indoor activities such as yoga or cycling classes. Dr. Asin’s #1 pastime is spending time with her family. |
Hyundai Motor Co. officially launched Santa Fe in New York Auto Show 2012 some time ago. Santa Fe planned to be marketed in Europe starting in June followed by America and China.
Santa Fe is a premium car with a more daring design that is 'Fluidic Sclupture' with trapezoid shape grille. Side mirror-like leaves that provide a very sporty impression.
Santa Fe will be available in two variants with specifications of different machines and haulage. First, Sporty with Theta II engine 264 PS with a capacity of 2.4-liter and 2.0-liter 6-speed automatic transmission. This variant has dimension length of4689mm,width1880mm, height1679mm.
Second, Long Wheel Base with a Lambda II engine, V6, 3.3-liter, GDI is capable produce of power 290 PS. This variant has dimension length of4905mm,width1885mm, height1689mm
Santa Fe also features an 8-inch LCD touch screen that displays menu navigation system, audio system, USB and iPod connectors, rear camera, as well as the latest technological Blue Link.
Other features on Santa Fe is a sunroof, heated rear seats and steering wheel, remote engine start and speed warnings. |
Richard Broun
Richard Broun may refer to:
Richard Broun (politician), see Members of the Western Australian Legislative Council, 1832-1870
Sir Richard Broun, 6th Baronet 13 Dec 1781 of the Broun Baronets
Sir Richard Broun, 8th Baronet (1801–1858), of the Broun Baronets
See also
Richard Brown (disambiguation)
Broun (surname) |
iCADE 8-Bitty to debut at Toy Fair 2012
You know that with the advent of tablets and smartphones, we are now very used to touchscreen displays – something which used to be in the domain of science fiction is now widespread reality. Even our ATMs these days tend to have a touchscreen display in order to keep up with the times. Well, having said that, touchscreen displays do do their part in making sure new genres of games are churned out in order to take advantage of this new interactive format, but what happens when you port over old school games onto a touchscreen display equipped device?
Sure, the memories of yore might roll back the years as you indulge in a little blast from the past on your iPad or smartphone, and I am quite sure that deep down inside, you would probably feel that your gaming experience would have been far better with physical controls instead of just tapping on a glass display. Enter the iCADE 8-Bitty then, which is set to debut at the 2012 Toy Fair in New York City.
Just in case the iCADE 8-Bitty seems familiar to you, it is actually the smaller sibling of the iCADE gaming cabinet, where that itself started off as an April Fool’s joke which ended up as one of the most anticipated ThinkGeek products ever. The iCADE 8-Bitty certainly lives up to that, bringing the magic of the iCADE to the pockets of smartphone and tablet users.
According to Ty Liotta, head of ThinkGeek’s GeekLabs, “We’re excited to extend on the success of the original iCADE. And with millions of iOS and Android devices in circulation it only makes sense to widen the field and bring the fun of iCADE to every possible device.”
The iCADE 8-Bitty functions as a wireless game controller which comes with the classic D-Pad and button layout that will remind you of retro 8-bit game consoles back from the 1980s and 1990s. It is battery powered, and will hook up to your device wirelessly, letting your fingers run all over the fully-functional directional game pad and eight buttons. A $24.99 asking price is not too much to fork out, is it? |
Q:
How do I access an instance of a class that is inside an arrayList
I am doing a MOOC and am supposed to return a number that is associated with a name. The number name combo is held in an object called Phonebook that is an ArrayList. The arrayList holds information of Person, a class that I created. I need to perform getNumber() on the Phonebook object but I can't since getNumber() only works on objects of type Person.
package problem94_phonebook;
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class Phonebook {
private ArrayList<Person> phonebook;
public Phonebook(){
this.phonebook = new ArrayList<Person>();
}
public String searchNumber(String name){
if (this.phonebook.contains(name)){
return this.phonebook.Person.getNumber(); // here is the problem
}
}
}
package problem94_phonebook;
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class Person {
private String Name;
private String Numb;
private ArrayList<String> Phonebook;
public Person(String name, String numb){
this.Name = name;
this.Numb = numb;
this.Phonebook = new ArrayList<String>();
}
public String getName() {
return Name;
}
public String getNumber() {
return Numb;
}
public String toString(){
return this.Name +" " +"nummber: " + this.Numb;
}
public void changeNumber(String newNumber){
this.Numb = newNumber;
}
public void add(String name, String number){
this.Phonebook.add(name);
this.Phonebook.add(number);
}
public void printAll(){
for(String i : this.Phonebook){
System.out.println(i);
}
}
}
A:
EDIT
.contains won't work since .contains
Returns true if and only if this list contains at least one element e such that (o==null ? e==null : o.equals(e)).
(More info on how .contains works here)
which means that unless your class overrides the .equals method to compare the names this part -> o.equals(e) will always return false since .equals is comparing two different objects. (more info on how .equals work here)
Thus if you really want to use .contains you need to override .equals method in your Person class. But it still would not work since your second problem is you are accessing an element of an array list wrong.
But since you are a beginner, I suggest that you just try changing your method to this:
public ArrayList<String> searchNumber(String name){
ArrayList<String> result = new ArrayList<>(); // list incase of persons with the same name
for (Person p : phonebook){ // iterate through the array
if (p.getName().equals(name)){ // check if the current person's name is equal to anme
result.add(p.getNumber()); // add the person's phone number
}
}
return result ;
}
Also I noticed that you have an attribute Phonebook in your Person class. It is just an array of Strings but I think it is better if you change it to an array of Phonebook so that you can make use of your class Phonebook. This will be your new Person class.
package problem94_phonebook;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import Phonebook;
public class Person {
private String Name;
private String Numb;
private ArrayList<Phonebook> phonebook; // updated
public Person(String name, String numb){
this.Name = name;
this.Numb = numb;
this.phonebook= new ArrayList<Phonebook>();// updated
}
public String getName() {
return Name;
}
public String getNumber() {
return Numb;
}
public String toString(){
return this.Name +" " +"nummber: " + this.Numb;
}
public void changeNumber(String newNumber){
this.Numb = newNumber;
}
public void add(Person personToBeAdded){ // changed
boolean isPresent = false;
// check if person to be added is already in the phonebook to avoid duplicates
for (Person person:this.phonebook){
if (person.getName().equals(personToBeAdded.getName()) && person.getNumber().equals(personToBeAdded.getNumber())){
isPresent = true;
break;
}
}
if (!isPresent){
this.phonebook.add(personToBeAdded);
}
}
public void printAll(){
for(Person person : this.phonebook){
System.out.println(person.toString());
}
}
}
|
<!-- ============ PROGRESS -->
<!-- ====================== -->
<h1>Progress</h1>
<!-- ============ VARIABLES -->
<!-- ====================== -->
<p>
<h4>Global variables</h4>
<div><pre hljs class="prettyprint lang-sass">$progress-class: "-progress" !global
$progress-bar-class: "-bar" !global
$progress-bar-padding-vertical: $base-padding-vertical / 3
$progress-bar-padding-horizontal: $base-padding-horizontal / 1.5
$progress-font-weight: 600 !global
$progress-border-radius: 4px !global
$progress-border-width: 0px !global
$progress-border-style: solid !global
$progress-padding: 3px !global
$progress-background: #fff !global</pre></div>
</p>
<p>
Use widget class <code>-progress</code>. Apply themes and sizes. Append <code>-bar</code> inside <code>-progress</code>.
</p>
<div class="-row example-block">
<div class="-col12 view">
<div class="-progress -primary-">
<div class="-bar" style="width: 12%">12 %</div><div class="-bar -warning-" style="width: 25%">25 %</div><div class="-bar -error-" style="width: 5%">Something goes wrong</div>
</div>
<br>
<div class="-progress _divine -primary-">
<div class="-bar" style="width: 12%">12 %</div>
</div>
<br>
<div class="-progress -primary- -shadow-curve-">
<div class="-bar" style="width: 42%">progress with shadow 42 %</div><div class="-bar -warning-" style="width: 25%">25 %</div>
</div>
<br>
<div class="-progress -primary- -shadow-lifted-">
<div class="-bar" style="width: 42%">progress with shadow 42 %</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="-col12 example"><pre hljs class="prettyprint lang-html"><div class="-progress -primary-">
<div class="-bar" style="width: 12%">12 %</div>
<div class="-bar -warning-" style="width: 25%">25 %</div>
<div class="-bar -error-" style="width: 5%">Something goes wrong</div>
</div>
<div class="-progress _divine -primary-">
<div class="-bar" style="width: 12%">12 %</div>
</div>
</pre></div>
</div>
|
The present disclosure is related to battery systems.
In the recent years, with shortage of fossil-fuel based energy and adverse environmental effects from the consumption of fossil fuel, both public and private sectors have poured valuable resources into clean technologies. An important aspect of clean technologies is energy storage, or simply battery systems. Over the past, many battery types have been developed and used, with their respective advantages and disadvantages. For its chemical properties, including high charge density, lithium material has been used in various parts of a battery. For example, in a rechargeable lithium-ion battery, lithium ions move from negative electrode to the positive electrode during discharge. In the basic operations of a lithium battery, a conversion material undergoes a conversion reaction with lithium, and the performance of the conversion material is an important aspect of a battery.
Unfortunately, conventional battery systems and their manufacturing and processes result in relatively high cost, low energy density batteries that do not meet market demands for many applications. Therefore, it is desirable to have new systems and techniques for batteries. |
Using a ferocious pass rush that never stopped harassing Rodgers, the Giants pummeled the Green Bay Packers, 38-10, in a Sunday night mauling that was settled by halftime. The Giants showed America why they are still a threat to repeat as Super Bowl champs. They have a great quarterback in Eli Manning, a pressure-tested coach in Tom Coughlin and a knack for playing their best when the lights are the brightest.
The Giants (7-4) will get another chance to shine in prime time next Monday night, when they visit RG3 and the Washington Redskins (5-6). Should they win that game, the Giants will take a major step toward winning the NFC East. Giants outside linebacker Mathias Kiwanuka was already thinking about RG3, who played well in a 27-23 loss to the Giants in October.
“We understand what we have to do in terms of rushing and collapsing the pocket,” Kiwanuka said. “We have to be disciplined. It’s a tough matchup.”
The Packers, who had won five straight, could have been a tough matchup. But the Giants dominated. That’s what happens when the Giants’ pass rush takes over. They sacked Rodgers five times, including a strip-sack by Osi Umenyiora that led to a Giants touchdown.
A relentless pass rush is the best way to slow down a high-octane NFL offense. The San Francisco 49ers did it to Drew Brees on Sunday afternoon. The Giants did it to Rodgers (14-of-25, 219 yards, 1 TD, 1 interception) on Sunday night.
No quarterback enjoys being battered like a pinata, even quarterbacks as good as Rodgers and Brees. Rodgers never found a consistent rhythm because he constantly had Giants like Umenyiora, Kiwanuka (two sacks), Jason Pierre-Paul and Justin Tuck buzzing around him.
“That was something we felt we absolutely had to do with someone with the talent of Aaron Rodgers and having the type of year that he’s having,” Coughlin said. “Have him throw the ball on our timing rather than his.”
Packers coach Mike McCarthy admitted that he changed his play calling in the second half to keep Rodgers from taking more punishment.
“The New York Giants have an outstanding defensive line,” McCarthy said. “We had a plan, and we didn’t execute it very well. They did a hell of a job tonight. They were dynamic, very talented, very productive.
“When your quarterback is under pressure like that, it affected me. I probably didn’t call the best game. You have to protect your quarterback. It’s the No. 1 responsibility of our offense.”
The NFC playoff picture is hard to predict, but the Giants can’t be overlooked. They dominated the 49ers in San Francisco earlier this season. They have beaten the Packers two straight times—Sunday night and in last year’s playoffs. The Giants have proved what they can do when the stakes are high.
For now, they will focus on their next challenge—the Redskins and Griffin. The Giants were impressed with his ability to improvise when they saw him last month. Mobile quarterbacks like Griffin have a better chance to escape the pass rush and make a play when protection breaks down. Rodgers did it a few times Sunday night, but Griffin is even more willing to run and to use his legs to make plays.
Before the bye, the Giants looked lethargic. Perhaps they were tired—a veteran team hitting the dog days of the season and dealing with outside distractions like Hurricane Sandy that affected every player on the team.
Against the Packers, the Giants looked a step faster and focused from the opening kickoff. Manning was sharp, the running game clicked, and it did not take long for the Giants to take control.
Once the Packers fell behind, the Giants ignored Green Bay’s running game and the pass rush took over.
It was a familiar formula for the Giants, but it still works. In today’s pass-happy NFL, getting to the quarterback has never been more important. The Giants can still get to the QB. Which makes them a threat to reach another Super Bowl. |
Q:
How to approach animations and OpenGL
There are tons of tools and instructions for making 3d models and animations in various software products. My question is: in video-game engines, when would you use a pre-rendered animation, and when would you use armature data in the model to manipulate your model in to the desired action?
Secondary questions:
Are there any games that even use the model's rigging, in-game, or is everything pre-rendered?
Are there any human-readable file formats that contain armature data?
Lastly, from a OpenGL-level and up perspective, how would you implement a system for animating something like walking?
I am building an OpenGL graphics engine from scratch as a personal project, so if answers can cater to that context, it would be fantastic.
A:
Yeah, most games use a model's rigging and apply animation tracks to the bones in real time based on things happening in the game or player input. Animations can also be blended between to make new animations or transition from one animation to another. Animations can also be combined such that the lower half of a body is playing one animation and the upper half is playing a different animation. There is also something called parametric animation where a lot more of the animations are derived from a smaller set of animated bone data. There is also various levels of physics based animation such as ragdoll and inverse kinematics. I've specialized as an animation programmer at previous employers, check out this more detailed info based on my experiences and observations: http://blog.demofox.org/2012/09/21/anatomy-of-a-skeletal-animation-system-part-1/
|
Devices for transporting printed products such as sheets of paper are known in the prior art. These transporting devices are used, for example, in offset printing machines in order to transport the printed sheets.
These transporting devices comprise hollow conveyor rollers which have a transporting surface in contact with the sheet that is to be transported.
In order to cause the sheet to adhere to the conveyor roller, the transporting surface has cavities connected to a vacuum-creating device. |
Q:
Google Maps Android API v2 - for ARM only?
Google Maps Android API v2
I'm getting error while trying to install sucessfully compiled maps demo app (%android-sdk%\extras\google\google_play_services\samples\maps\) on android-x86 device (Intel Mint):
Failure [INSTALL_FAILED_CPU_ABI_INCOMPATIBLE]
The same APK can be installed on ARM devices and works successfully.
A:
Yes. It is an official Google app and does not come in source code form to be recompiled for x86/MIPS.
Use the Genymotion Android emulator, see this other question: How do you install Google frameworks (Play, Accounts, etc.) on a Genymotion virtual device?
|
Steve,
Attached is a rough draft proposed by Irwin Stelzer for the Advisory Council
meeting on April 10-11. You will note that Gavyn is on the agenda from 3:15
- 4:00 p.m. I spoke with his assistant regarding the possibility of Gavyn
departing on April 12 and was told that he has another commitment and will
need to depart the Enron Building by 2:30 p.m. on April 11.
Also, can you tell me if Prof. Joe Grundfest and Lawrence Kudlow are new
members of the Advisory Council? I would like to update our contact list.
Comments, please.
Vanessa |
The problem.
The four keys at the bottom of the phone are monitored by a melfas touchkey chip (http://www.melfas.com/english/touch/sensor.asp) that connects to the main processor via an I2C bus (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/i2c). The melfas chip generates an interrupt whenever one of the keys is touched or released. The processor then reads the key value from this chip over the i2c bus. The problem is that the touchkey chip is located right next to the 3G antenna. When the phone is accessing the 3G network the RF energy gets transferred to the interrupt and i2c clock and data lines causing false interrupts to occur. The processor responds to the interrupt by reading the key value from the cypress chip. The symptoms occur more frequently in low signal areas because the phone outputs a higher RF level in those situations which causes more RF interference on the interrupt line.
Most of the time when a false interrupt has occurred the touchkey chip will return a value of zero for the key and the driver will recognize this as a bad key press and ignore it. Sometimes the RF interference on the i2c clock and/or data line causes a valid value to be returned and the driver reports a key press value to the application. In the case where the driver reports a Ďbackí key down, the software sees this as holding the back key down so when you press the power button you get a screen shot. The easiest way to cure this is to always press and release the back key before pushing the power button. This causes the software to see both a key down and key up event which cancels the screenshot mode.
This RFI induced touchkey interrupt happens hundreds of times per second when the phone is using 3G. It produces lots of different symptoms including applications that always seem to shut down. A wide variety of problems can be attributed to this failure. In addition, the processor spends a lot of time servicing these bogus interrupts, which take cpu time away from the other applications. This can make the phone appear to be slow or even freeze up for short periods of time. Thereís a good chance that most people have experience this to some degree without realizing the root cause.
Solution one. Fix the driver.
Since this is a true hardware failure, a software solution is going to be less than perfect. After dozens of experiments rewriting the interrupt service routines in the driver Iíve settled on a combination of fixes. The first is to re-test the interrupt input line several times. In normal operation when you touch or release a button, the touchkey chip drives the interrupt line low and keeps it low until the driver reads data over the i2c interface. Since the RF interference is a sine wave and is being sampled it causes the interrupt line to go high and low at a fast rate. Sampling the line multiple times in software increases the chance of finding it in the high state. This is done both in the interrupt handler and then again in the interrupt thread. About 90% of the false interrupts are filtered out by testing the line in the handler. If the interrupt handler doesnít find the line high after 10 samples, it masks the interrupt so that another falling edge doesnít produce another interrupt. In testing Iíve noticed that the interrupt handler would run multiple times before the interrupt thread was even called. Once in a while, so many interrupts would get stacked up that the phone would just reboot. It was probably a stack or buffer overflow that wasnít being handled. Remember, this interrupt would happen many hundreds of times a second. About 90% of the remaining false interrupts are filtered out by sampling this line in the thread. That leaves about 1% of the interrupts that need to be further tested. The second test is to read the data from the chip and discard anything that isnít a valid key press value. This is easily done with a case statement. Finally, since occasionally a bogus valid value will get through, I set up a timer so that any key down event that doesnít have a corresponding key up event within 3 seconds is canceled by calling the all_keys_up routine.
This combination all but eliminates the symptoms produced by this failure. The only draw back is that the processor still spends a considerable amount of time servicing the false interrupts. And rarely a phantom keypress does get through. In all, itís a fairly good piece of duct tape and JB Weld.
During my experiments I used a copy of the kgb kernel. My version with the modified driver is in github at https://github.com/dmriley/kgb. If you want to try this yourself, be sure to use the Ďdeví branch.
Solution two. Fix the hardware.
There are three signals that connect from the melfas touchkey chip to the processor. They are the two i2c lines: sdc which is the clock and sda which is the data. The third line is the interrupt. In troubleshooting this problem, I took my phone apart and put oscilloscope probes on the three lines. This allowed me to see the real cause of the problem. Since the interference is RFI (or EMI) the only real way to fix the problem is to either remove the RF or make the impedance of the signals much lower. Removing the RF is easy if you donít need to use 3G. When the phone is using wifi (or no network connectivity at all) the problem does not exist. Also, when you are very close to a cell tower, the phone transmits at a much lower level. This lower level greatly reduces the RFI. Lowering the impedance is a little harder. I2C uses active pull down and passive pull up for the logic levels for both sda and sdc. This means that the impendence is mostly governed by the pull up resistor. This resistor value is typically upwards of 1kohm and probably as high as 3kohms (I didnít measure it in this phone). Since the impedance only needs to be lowered for the 3G frequencies of around 800MHz, a capacitor can be added from the signal source to signal ground. At 800MHZ a 100 pf cap is about 2 ohms (1/ 2*pi*f*c). Thatís a couple of orders of magnitude lower than the pull up resistor alone, and much too low for the RF signal to induce any significant voltage on the line. This value is also low enough not to interfere with the signal rise and fall times for the interrupt line. In the case of the interrupt line, the melfas chip drives the signal low and keeps it low until the interrupt is serviced. Discharging a 100pf cap with a 2mA driver takes only microseconds. This much delay is not noticeable when touching the key and is much less than the amount of time that the processor takes to service the interrupt.
Adding the cap to the interrupt line eliminates false interrupts. A chance does exist that a valid key event during 3G access could cause an incorrect key value to be returned due to RFI on the clock and data lines. The i2c protocol is designed to compensate for capacitive loading on the lines. Although it would cause the clock period to be stretched out significantly it would still only take milliseconds to read the key data from the chip. The difference would be imperceptible. To date I have only added the cap to the interrupt line and have yet to experience an invalid key press.
Iíll post pictures of cap mod.
Summary.
Most people will be satisfied using the software fix. I think that a couple of the kernel devs are incorporating some or most of the driver mods outlined in this document. Both comradesven (kgb dev) and ssewk2x aka Efpophis (glitch dev) were involved in the test and debug process. Much appreciation is given to both of them for the help that they gave me and for allowing me to use and hack up their code on github. Efpophis saved me hours of searching through code. Without their help, Iíd still be unable to build a kernel.
UPDATE:30 Mar 2012
The phone had been working fine since the mod. I hadn't seen a screen capture or any of the other symptoms. Then, a couple of nights ago, while I running maps on 3G (a data intensive app) the touchkey backlights started flashing rapidly like the phone was having a little seizure. And then it happened, the voice search popped up. A couple of debug kernels later I've come to the conclusion (and I'm never wrong) that the clock line (SCL) going to the melfas chip was being toggled by the same RF interference that was causing the false interrupts. A random clock along with random data was causing the chip to turn the backlights on and off as well as generate a false interrupt. I was able to reliably duplicate the problem in a couple of really low signal level areas (not hard to find when you live out in the boonies).
I tore the phone apart (again) today and added a 100pf cap to the scl line right next to the chip. I also added another cap in parallel with the 100pf on the interrupt line. I spent about 1/2 hour tonight running 3G data apps in the same location where the problem first appeared. So far, no problems and none of the debug messages have shown up on dmesg.
Wow, we're lucky to have someone as capable as yourself figure out this annoying issue! I've kinda kept up on your work, but seeing this breakdown and the photos is helpful in understanding the root cause of the problem. I do wonder sometimes how Samsung missed this issue in their testing, but at least we have custom kernels that implement your fixes and dramatically reduce the phantom presses!
wasn't just me. had help from other members here. I didn't even know where to start looking when I first started. It's so cool that people are willing to do the level of work that the devs here do without expecting anything back.
wasn't just me. had help from other members here. I didn't even know where to start looking when I first started. It's so cool that people are willing to do the level of work that the devs here do without expecting anything back.
Thanks so much for all the work, and the detail in your post. It is amazing the work everybody does here and the knowledge you pass on to us.
I do have a few questions
Would you mind sharing what kind off iron you used? is that the most bottom line on the board you soldered to? If so, did you have to scratch it or something first? Is it the farthest left line on the chip that was used? Do they make caps that size with leads coming of the 2 sides, and if so would that be a easier mod? Is there a positive and negative side to that capacitor?
I'm really thinking about doing this, if i decide to would you mind sending me 5 of your extra caps for a $10 donation?
XDA Developers was founded by developers, for developers. It is now a valuable resource for people who want to make the most of their mobile devices, from customizing the look and feel to adding new functionality.Are you a developer? |
Vaganjac
Vaganjac is a village in the municipality of Gornji Vakuf, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
References
Category:Populated places in Gornji Vakuf-Uskoplje |
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// This file is part of Eigen, a lightweight C++ template library
// for linear algebra.
//
// Copyright (C) 2012 Gael Guennebaud <[email protected]>
//
// This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla
// Public License v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed
// with this file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
#ifndef EIGEN_REF_H
#define EIGEN_REF_H
namespace Eigen {
template<typename Derived> class RefBase;
template<typename PlainObjectType, int Options = 0,
typename StrideType = typename internal::conditional<PlainObjectType::IsVectorAtCompileTime,InnerStride<1>,OuterStride<> >::type > class Ref;
/** \class Ref
* \ingroup Core_Module
*
* \brief A matrix or vector expression mapping an existing expressions
*
* \tparam PlainObjectType the equivalent matrix type of the mapped data
* \tparam Options specifies whether the pointer is \c #Aligned, or \c #Unaligned.
* The default is \c #Unaligned.
* \tparam StrideType optionally specifies strides. By default, Ref implies a contiguous storage along the inner dimension (inner stride==1),
* but accept a variable outer stride (leading dimension).
* This can be overridden by specifying strides.
* The type passed here must be a specialization of the Stride template, see examples below.
*
* This class permits to write non template functions taking Eigen's object as parameters while limiting the number of copies.
* A Ref<> object can represent either a const expression or a l-value:
* \code
* // in-out argument:
* void foo1(Ref<VectorXf> x);
*
* // read-only const argument:
* void foo2(const Ref<const VectorXf>& x);
* \endcode
*
* In the in-out case, the input argument must satisfies the constraints of the actual Ref<> type, otherwise a compilation issue will be triggered.
* By default, a Ref<VectorXf> can reference any dense vector expression of float having a contiguous memory layout.
* Likewise, a Ref<MatrixXf> can reference any column major dense matrix expression of float whose column's elements are contiguously stored with
* the possibility to have a constant space inbetween each column, i.e.: the inner stride mmust be equal to 1, but the outer-stride (or leading dimension),
* can be greater than the number of rows.
*
* In the const case, if the input expression does not match the above requirement, then it is evaluated into a temporary before being passed to the function.
* Here are some examples:
* \code
* MatrixXf A;
* VectorXf a;
* foo1(a.head()); // OK
* foo1(A.col()); // OK
* foo1(A.row()); // compilation error because here innerstride!=1
* foo2(A.row()); // The row is copied into a contiguous temporary
* foo2(2*a); // The expression is evaluated into a temporary
* foo2(A.col().segment(2,4)); // No temporary
* \endcode
*
* The range of inputs that can be referenced without temporary can be enlarged using the last two template parameter.
* Here is an example accepting an innerstride!=1:
* \code
* // in-out argument:
* void foo3(Ref<VectorXf,0,InnerStride<> > x);
* foo3(A.row()); // OK
* \endcode
* The downside here is that the function foo3 might be significantly slower than foo1 because it won't be able to exploit vectorization, and will involved more
* expensive address computations even if the input is contiguously stored in memory. To overcome this issue, one might propose to overloads internally calling a
* template function, e.g.:
* \code
* // in the .h:
* void foo(const Ref<MatrixXf>& A);
* void foo(const Ref<MatrixXf,0,Stride<> >& A);
*
* // in the .cpp:
* template<typename TypeOfA> void foo_impl(const TypeOfA& A) {
* ... // crazy code goes here
* }
* void foo(const Ref<MatrixXf>& A) { foo_impl(A); }
* void foo(const Ref<MatrixXf,0,Stride<> >& A) { foo_impl(A); }
* \endcode
*
*
* \sa PlainObjectBase::Map(), \ref TopicStorageOrders
*/
namespace internal {
template<typename _PlainObjectType, int _Options, typename _StrideType>
struct traits<Ref<_PlainObjectType, _Options, _StrideType> >
: public traits<Map<_PlainObjectType, _Options, _StrideType> >
{
typedef _PlainObjectType PlainObjectType;
typedef _StrideType StrideType;
enum {
Options = _Options,
Flags = traits<Map<_PlainObjectType, _Options, _StrideType> >::Flags | NestByRefBit
};
template<typename Derived> struct match {
enum {
HasDirectAccess = internal::has_direct_access<Derived>::ret,
StorageOrderMatch = PlainObjectType::IsVectorAtCompileTime || ((PlainObjectType::Flags&RowMajorBit)==(Derived::Flags&RowMajorBit)),
InnerStrideMatch = int(StrideType::InnerStrideAtCompileTime)==int(Dynamic)
|| int(StrideType::InnerStrideAtCompileTime)==int(Derived::InnerStrideAtCompileTime)
|| (int(StrideType::InnerStrideAtCompileTime)==0 && int(Derived::InnerStrideAtCompileTime)==1),
OuterStrideMatch = Derived::IsVectorAtCompileTime
|| int(StrideType::OuterStrideAtCompileTime)==int(Dynamic) || int(StrideType::OuterStrideAtCompileTime)==int(Derived::OuterStrideAtCompileTime),
AlignmentMatch = (_Options!=Aligned) || ((PlainObjectType::Flags&AlignedBit)==0) || ((traits<Derived>::Flags&AlignedBit)==AlignedBit),
MatchAtCompileTime = HasDirectAccess && StorageOrderMatch && InnerStrideMatch && OuterStrideMatch && AlignmentMatch
};
typedef typename internal::conditional<MatchAtCompileTime,internal::true_type,internal::false_type>::type type;
};
};
template<typename Derived>
struct traits<RefBase<Derived> > : public traits<Derived> {};
}
template<typename Derived> class RefBase
: public MapBase<Derived>
{
typedef typename internal::traits<Derived>::PlainObjectType PlainObjectType;
typedef typename internal::traits<Derived>::StrideType StrideType;
public:
typedef MapBase<Derived> Base;
EIGEN_DENSE_PUBLIC_INTERFACE(RefBase)
inline Index innerStride() const
{
return StrideType::InnerStrideAtCompileTime != 0 ? m_stride.inner() : 1;
}
inline Index outerStride() const
{
return StrideType::OuterStrideAtCompileTime != 0 ? m_stride.outer()
: IsVectorAtCompileTime ? this->size()
: int(Flags)&RowMajorBit ? this->cols()
: this->rows();
}
RefBase()
: Base(0,RowsAtCompileTime==Dynamic?0:RowsAtCompileTime,ColsAtCompileTime==Dynamic?0:ColsAtCompileTime),
// Stride<> does not allow default ctor for Dynamic strides, so let' initialize it with dummy values:
m_stride(StrideType::OuterStrideAtCompileTime==Dynamic?0:StrideType::OuterStrideAtCompileTime,
StrideType::InnerStrideAtCompileTime==Dynamic?0:StrideType::InnerStrideAtCompileTime)
{}
EIGEN_INHERIT_ASSIGNMENT_OPERATORS(RefBase)
protected:
typedef Stride<StrideType::OuterStrideAtCompileTime,StrideType::InnerStrideAtCompileTime> StrideBase;
template<typename Expression>
void construct(Expression& expr)
{
if(PlainObjectType::RowsAtCompileTime==1)
{
eigen_assert(expr.rows()==1 || expr.cols()==1);
::new (static_cast<Base*>(this)) Base(expr.data(), 1, expr.size());
}
else if(PlainObjectType::ColsAtCompileTime==1)
{
eigen_assert(expr.rows()==1 || expr.cols()==1);
::new (static_cast<Base*>(this)) Base(expr.data(), expr.size(), 1);
}
else
::new (static_cast<Base*>(this)) Base(expr.data(), expr.rows(), expr.cols());
::new (&m_stride) StrideBase(StrideType::OuterStrideAtCompileTime==0?0:expr.outerStride(),
StrideType::InnerStrideAtCompileTime==0?0:expr.innerStride());
}
StrideBase m_stride;
};
template<typename PlainObjectType, int Options, typename StrideType> class Ref
: public RefBase<Ref<PlainObjectType, Options, StrideType> >
{
typedef internal::traits<Ref> Traits;
public:
typedef RefBase<Ref> Base;
EIGEN_DENSE_PUBLIC_INTERFACE(Ref)
#ifndef EIGEN_PARSED_BY_DOXYGEN
template<typename Derived>
inline Ref(PlainObjectBase<Derived>& expr,
typename internal::enable_if<bool(Traits::template match<Derived>::MatchAtCompileTime),Derived>::type* = 0)
{
Base::construct(expr);
}
template<typename Derived>
inline Ref(const DenseBase<Derived>& expr,
typename internal::enable_if<bool(internal::is_lvalue<Derived>::value&&bool(Traits::template match<Derived>::MatchAtCompileTime)),Derived>::type* = 0,
int = Derived::ThisConstantIsPrivateInPlainObjectBase)
#else
template<typename Derived>
inline Ref(DenseBase<Derived>& expr)
#endif
{
Base::construct(expr.const_cast_derived());
}
EIGEN_INHERIT_ASSIGNMENT_OPERATORS(Ref)
};
// this is the const ref version
template<typename TPlainObjectType, int Options, typename StrideType> class Ref<const TPlainObjectType, Options, StrideType>
: public RefBase<Ref<const TPlainObjectType, Options, StrideType> >
{
typedef internal::traits<Ref> Traits;
public:
typedef RefBase<Ref> Base;
EIGEN_DENSE_PUBLIC_INTERFACE(Ref)
template<typename Derived>
inline Ref(const DenseBase<Derived>& expr)
{
// std::cout << match_helper<Derived>::HasDirectAccess << "," << match_helper<Derived>::OuterStrideMatch << "," << match_helper<Derived>::InnerStrideMatch << "\n";
// std::cout << int(StrideType::OuterStrideAtCompileTime) << " - " << int(Derived::OuterStrideAtCompileTime) << "\n";
// std::cout << int(StrideType::InnerStrideAtCompileTime) << " - " << int(Derived::InnerStrideAtCompileTime) << "\n";
construct(expr.derived(), typename Traits::template match<Derived>::type());
}
protected:
template<typename Expression>
void construct(const Expression& expr,internal::true_type)
{
Base::construct(expr);
}
template<typename Expression>
void construct(const Expression& expr, internal::false_type)
{
m_object.lazyAssign(expr);
Base::construct(m_object);
}
protected:
TPlainObjectType m_object;
};
} // end namespace Eigen
#endif // EIGEN_REF_H
|
Q:
How do airline pilots maintain night currency?
Does flying as an airline pilot under 14 CFR 121 provide different ways to maintain night currency? Suppose a pilot were to bid only day trips and end up flying only during the day for over 90 days. Under the recency of flight experience requirements in 14 CFR 61 that would mean a pilot might not be night current anymore but do 121 operator's op specs have some way around this?
A:
The night currency requirements are in 14 CFR 61.57, which does provide exceptions for pilots flying for an air carrier:
Except as provided in paragraph (e) of this section, no person may act
as pilot in command of an aircraft carrying passengers [at night]
61.57(e)(2) has this exception for part 121:
(2) This section does not apply to a pilot in command who is employed
by a part 119 certificate holder authorized to conduct operations
under part 121 when the pilot is engaged in a flight operation under
part 91 or 121 for that certificate holder if the pilot in command
complies with §§121.436 and 121.439 of this chapter.
121.436 has general PIC requirements for part 121, and 121.439 has recency requirements, which are 3 takeoffs and landings in the last 90 days in the same aircraft type, or an equivalent simulator.
So part 121 pilots need three takeoffs and landings in type in the last 90 days, with no specific requirement for them to be at night. That's all based on just reading the regulations, someone who's actually been there and done that could probably add some more information.
|
Lectin-affinity chromatography for downstream processing of MDCK cell culture derived human influenza A viruses.
The presented study aims on the development of a capture step for the purification of cell culture derived influenza viruses using lectin affinity chromatography. Human influenza A/Puerto Rico/8/34 virus produced in Madin Darby canine kidney cells have been chosen as a model. The influenza A virus envelop possesses two viral glycoproteins: hemagglutinin and neuraminidase. Oligosaccharides of theses glycoproteins can be targeted as affinity ligands using specific lectins. First, lectins have been screened via lectin blots and spin columns. Adequate lectins have been chosen based on published glycan structures of hemagglutinin. The most specific binding was achieved via the galactose specific Erythrina cristagalli and Euonymus europaeus lectins. Second, the chromatographic separations characteristics of these lectins have been further determined via FPLC. These experiments revealed that the rate of hemagglutinin glycan binding to the ligands was higher with the E. europaeus compared to the E. cristagalli lectin. Third, viral recoveries in addition to the total protein and host cell DNA have been balanced in a series of E. europaeus lectin chromatography runs. The total protein and dsDNA content in the product fraction of the affinity chromatography was reduced from the starting conditions to 21% and 0.1%, respectively. The average viral recovery in the product fraction was 97%. SDS-PAGE analysis indicated that the majority of the eluted proteins were of viral origin. The reproducibility and column stability was confirmed in up to 25 runs applying six different virus product batches. |
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Passive solar glass home: watching the sun move - kirstendirksen
http://faircompanies.com/videos/view/passive-solar-glass-home-watching-sun-move/
======
jbrun
If you are keen on this, see Amory Lovins talk on buildings: Short version:
<http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DvmHJNeif24> Long Version:
[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O5txQlEI7bc&feature=chann...](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O5txQlEI7bc&feature=channel)
------
electromagnetic
Rather impressive, but genuinely simple. He maximized sunlight in the winter
while minimising it in the summer and increased the buildings connection to
the earth below frost level where the ground stays a constant 14C/57F year
round.
------
timmaah
My dad built the house I grew up in like this in the mid 70's. Big south
facing windows with large overhang. Brick wall sucks up the heat for the
night. Our greenhouse had huge 20ft high cylinders filled with dyed black
water. Worked great.
What happened in the 80s and 90s to make this not as popular?
~~~
kirstendirksen
Passive solar used to be the way everyone built... at least before way back
with the Ancient Greeks and Chinese. But when we stopped relying on sun for
energy, most of us stopped building this way.
I would guess passive solar gained popularity in the seventies due to more
attention to energy conservation (oil crisis and all) and then when oil got
cheap again, it wasn't so trendy. Hope that's not that case now.
Though cheap oil and global warming aside, I'd still prefer to live in a home
heated by the sun and cooled by the earth. AC gives me a headache and I much
prefer the feel of sun through a window than the blast of central heating.
------
kjell
Earthships are worth a look for anyone who wonders why the average modern
house is so wasteful.
|
Q:
Making urls.py file for Flask like in Django
Maybe someone can help/explain me, how to create urls.py file for Flask like in Django?
main.py - main project file. It includes only app runner (app.run()).
urls.py is situated in the same directory and need to provide views
from views.py.
A:
You can do this as is described in the Flask documentation, basically by calling app.add_url_rule to set your routes rather than using the decorator.
|
---
abstract: 'We present a study of a peculiar nebula MF16 associated with an Ultraluminous X-ray Source NGC6946 ULX-1. We use integral-field and long-slit spectral data obtained with the 6-m telescope (Russia). The nebula was for a long time considered powered by strong shocks enhancing both high-excitation and low-excitation lines. However, kinematical properties point to rather moderate expansion rates ($V_S \sim 100\div 200$[$km\,s^{-1}\,$]{}). The total power of the emission-line source exceeds by one or two orders of magnitude the power observed expansion rate can provide, that points towards the existence of an additional source of excitation and ionization. Using CLOUDY96.01 photoionization code we derive the properties of the photoionizing source. Its total UV/EUV luminosity must be about $10^{40}$ erg/s.'
date: '??? and in revised form ???'
---
Introduction {#sec:intro}
============
Quite a large number of Ultraluminous X-ray Sources (ULXs) are associated with emission-line nebulae (ULX Nebulae, ULXNe), mostly large-scale bubbles powered by shock waves [@pamir (Pakull & Mirioni, 2003)]. However, several exceptions are known like the nebula associated with HoII X-1 [@lehmann (Lehmann , 2005)], that is clearly a photoionized [H [ii]{}]{} region. Another well-known example is the nebula MF16 coincident with the ULX NGC6946 ULX1.
The attention to MF16 was first drawn by [@BF_94], who identified the object as a Supernova Remnant (SNR), according to the emission-line spectrum with bright collisionally-excited lines. It was long considered an unusually luminous SNR, because of its huge optical emission-line ($L_{H\alpha} = 1.9\times10^{39}erg\,s^{-1}$, according to [@BF_94], for the tangential size $20\times34pc$) and X-ray ($L_X = 2.5\times10^{39}erg\,s^{-1}$ in the $0.5-8$keV range, according to the luminosities given by [@RoCo]).
However, it was shown by [@RoCo], that the spectral, spatial and timing properties of the X-ray source do not agree with the suggestion of a bright SNR, but rather suppose a point source with a typical “ULX-like” X-ray spectrum: cool Multicolor Disk (MCD) and a Power Law (PL) component. So, apart from the physical nature of the object, MF16 should be considered a [*ULX nebula*]{}, one of a new class of objects, described by [@pamir].
Optical Spectroscopy {#sec:obs}
====================
All the data were obtained on the SAO 6m telescope, Russia. Two spectrographs were used: panoramic MultiPupil Fiber Spectrograph MPFS [@MPFSdesc (Afanasiev , 2001)] and SCORPIO focal reducer [@scorpio (Afanasiev & Moiseev, 2005)] in long-slit mode. The details of data reduction processes and analysis technique will be presented in [@mf16_main]. Panoramic spectroscopy has the advantage of providing unbiased flux estimates. However, SCORPIO results have much higher signal-to-noise ratio and reveal rich emission-line spectrum of [\[Fe [iii]{}\]]{}. We also confirm the estimates of the total nebula emission-line luminosities by [@bfs]. $H\beta$ line luminosity obtained from our MPFS data is $L(H\beta) = (7.2\pm0.2)\times10^{37}erg\,s^{-1}$.
Using line ratios for the integral spectrum we estimate the mean parameters of emitting gas as: $n_e \simeq 500\pm 100 \,cm^{-3}$, $T_e \simeq (1.9\pm0.2) \times 10^4 K$. Interstellar absorption is estimated as $A_V \sim 1{^{\rm m}\!\!\!.\,}3$, close to the Galactic value ($A_V^{Gal} = 1{^{\rm m}\!\!\!.\,}14$, according to [@schlegel_abs])
We confirm the estimate of the expansion rate obtained by [@dunne], coming to the conclusion that the expansion velocity is $V_S \lesssim 200$[$km\,s^{-1}\,$]{}. In this case the total emission-line luminosity can be estimated using for example the equations be [@DoSutI]:
$$\begin{array}{l}
F_{H\beta} = 7.44 \times 10^{-6} \left( \frac{V_s}{100 km\, s^{-1}} \right)^{2.41}
\times \left( \frac{n_2}{cm^{-3}}\right)
+ \\
\qquad{}
9.86 \times 10^{-6} \left( \frac{V_s}{100 km \,s^{-1}} \right)^{2.28}
\times \left( \frac{n_1}{cm^{-3}}\right) \, erg\, cm^{-2} s^{-1}
\end{array}$$
Here $V_S$ is the shock velocity and $n_1$ the pre-shock hydrogen density. If the surface area is known, one can obtain the total luminosity in $H\beta$ from here. For $V_S = 200km/s$ and $n_1 = 1cm^{-3}$ it appears to be $L(H\beta) \simeq 1.6 \times 10^{36}$[ergs s$^{-1}$]{}, that is too low compared to the observed value. So we suggest an additional source of power providing most of the energy of the optical nebula.
Photoionization Modelling
=========================
We have computed a grid of CLOUDY96.01 [@cloudy98 (Ferland , 1998)] photoionization models in order to fit MF16 spectrum avoiding shock waves. We have fixed X-ray spectrum known from [*Chandra*]{} observations [@RoCo (Roberts & Colbert, 2003)], assuming all the plasma is situated at 10pc from the central point source, and introduced a blackbody source with the temperature changing from $10^3$ to $10^6$K and integral flux densities from 0.01 to 100 $erg\,cm^{-2}\,s^{-1}$.
The best fit parameters are $\lg T(K) = 5.15\pm 0.05, F = 0.6\pm 0.1 erg\,cm^{-2}\,s^{-1}$, that suggests quite a luminous ultraviolet source: $L_{UV} =
(7.5\pm0.5) \times 10^{39} erg\,s^{-1}$.The UV source is more than 100 times brighter then what can be predicted by extrapolating the thermal component of the best-fit model for X-ray data [@RoCo (Roberts & Colbert, 2003)].
Ultraluminous UV sources?
=========================
At least for one source we have indications that its X-ray spectrum extends in the EUV region. It is interesting to analyse the implications in the frameworks of two most popular hypotheses explaining the ULX phenomenon.
For the standard disk of [@ss73] the inner temperature scales as:
$$T_{in} \simeq 1~keV\, \left(\frac{M}{M_\odot}\right)^{-1/4} \left(\frac{\dot{M}}{\dot{M}_{cr}}\right)^{1/4}$$
In Fig. \[fig:seds\] we present the reconstructed Spectral Energy Distribution of NGC6946 ULX-1 including optical identification by [@bfs] and the best-fit blackbody from our model. For comparison, a set of MCD SEDs for IMBHs accreting at 1% of critical rate is shown. To explain the high EUV luminosity and roughly flat SED in the EUV region, a rather high IMBH mass is needed, $M \gtrsim 10^4 $[$M_\odot$]{}.
For supercritical disk this relation breaks [@poutanen (Poutanen , 2006)], and the outcoming radiation becomes much softer, except for the X-rays escaping along the disk axis [@superkarpov (Fabrika , 2007)]. Most part of the luminosity is supposed to be reprocessed into EUV and UV quanta, creating the nearly-flat SED of NGC6946 ULX1. In optical/UV range contribution of the donor star may become significant.
![NGC6946 ULX1 SED reconstruction. Optical source $d$ [@bfs (Blair , 2000)] is shown by an asterisk, and the upward arrow above indicates the unabsorbed optical luminosity: it is the lower estimate because only Galactic absorption was taken into account, $A_V =
1{^{\rm m}\!\!\!.\,}14$ according to [@schlegel_abs]. Dashed line represents the best-fit blackbody from our CLOUDY fitting. Thin solid lines are MCD models for accreting IMBHs with infinite outer disk radii. Mass accretion rate was set everywhere to $0.01 \dot{M}_{cr}$. []{data-label="fig:seds"}](abolmasov_fig1.eps){width="\textwidth"}
In [@mf16_main] we make estimates for the detectability of ULXs with GALEX, coming to the conclusion that at least some of them (the sources with lower Galactic absorption) may be bright enough targets even for low-resolution spectroscopy.
Conclusions
===========
We conclude that MF16 is most likely a dense shell illuminated from inside. This can be a certain stage of the evolution of a ULXN, when the central source is bright and the shell itself rather compact. We suggest that ULXs must be luminous EUV sources as well in some cases, and may be also luminous UV sources.
This work was supported by the RFBR grants NN 05-02-19710, 04-02-16349, 06-02-16855.
Abolmasov, P., Fabrika, S., Sholukhova, O. & Afanasiev, V. 2005 in[*Science Perspectives for 3D Spectroscopy* ]{}, ed. M. Kissler-Patig, M. M. Roth. & J. R. Walsh (Springer Berlin / Heidelberg)
Abolmasov, P., Fabrika, S., Sholukhova, O. 2007 [*in preparation*]{}
Afanasiev V.L., Dodonov S.N., Moiseev A.V., 2001, in [ *Stellar dynamics: from classic to modern*]{}, eds. Osipkov L.P., Nikiforov I.I., Saint Petersburg, 103
Afanasiev, V., Moiseev, A., 2005 Astronomy Letters, 31, 194
Begelman, M. C. 2002, [*ApJ*]{}, 568, L97
Blair, W. P., Fesen, R. A. 1994 [*ApJ*]{}, 424, L10371.8
Blair, W. P., Fesen, R. A., Schlegel, E. M. 2001 [*The Astronomical Journal*]{}, 121, 1497
Colbert, E. J. M., Miller, E. C. 2005 in [*The Tenth Marcel Grossmann Meeting*]{}. Eds.: Mário Novello, Santiago Perez Bergliaffa, Remo Ruffini. Singapore: World Scientific Publishing.Part A, p. 530
Dopita, M. A., Sutherland, R. S. 1996 [*ApJSS*]{}, 102, 161
Dunne, B. C., Gruendl, R. A., Chu, Y.-H. 2000, [*AJ*]{}, 119, 1172
van Dyk, S. D., Sramek, R. A., Weiler, K. W. 1994, apj, 425, 77
Fabian, A. C., Terlevich, R. 1996 [*MNRAS*]{}, 280, L5
Fabrika, S., Mescheryakov, A., 2001, In [*Galaxies and their Constituents at the Highest Angular Resolutions* ]{}, Proceedings of IAU Symposium N205, R. T. Schilizzi (Ed.), p. 268, astro-ph/0103070
Fabrika, S. [ *Supercritical disk and jets of SS433* ]{} 2004, *ARAA*, vol. 12
Fabrika, S., Abolmasov, P., Sholukhova, O. 2005, in [*Science Perspectives for 3D Spectroscopy* ]{}, eds. Kissler-Patig, M., Roth., M. M. & Walsh, J. R.
Fabrika, S., Karpov, S., Abolmasov, P. 2007 [*in preparation*]{}
Ferland, G. J. Korista, K.T. Verner, D.A. Ferguson, J.W. Kingdon, J.B. Verner, E.M. 1998, [*PASP*]{}, 110, 761
King, A. R., Davies, M. B., Ward, M. J., Fabbiano, G., Elvis, M. 2001, å, 552, 109
Lehmann, I., Becker, T., Fabrika, S., Roth, M., Miyaji, T., Afanasiev, V., Sholukhova, O., Sánchez, S., Greiner, J., Hasinger, G., Constantini, E., Surkov., A, Burenkov, A. 2005 å, 431, 847
Liu, J.-F., Bregman, N. 2005 [*ApJSS*]{}, 157, 59L
Matonick, D. M., Fesen, R. A., 1997 [*ApJSS*]{}, 112, 49
Osterbrock, D. E. “Astrophysics of Gaseous Nebulae” 1974, San Francisco, eds. W. H. Freeman and Company
Pakull, M. W., Mirioni, L. 2003 RevMexAA (Serie de Conferencias), 15, 197
Poutanen, J., Fabrika, S., Butkevich, A., Abolmasov, P. 2006 [*in press*]{}
Roberts, T. P., Colbert, E. J. M. 2003 [*MNRAS*]{}, 341, 49
Schlegel, D. J., Finkbeiner, P. F., Davis, M. 1998, [*ApJ*]{}, 500, 525
Shakura, N. I., Sunyaev, R. A. 1973, å, 24, 337
Swartz, A. D., Ghosh, K. K., Tennant, A. F., Wu, K., 2004 [*ApJSS*]{}, 154, 519
|
Q:
How to validate a text box (total) based on two other textboxes with numeric values
I am working on a Telerik RadGrid and within the grid there are multiple radtextboxes like A, B, C and D. I have used radtextbox with regular expression validation to validate A, B and C textboxes with numbers. However, textbox D is A+B+C. My question is if customvalidator is used, how do I validate it within the grid, to alert the user that the total is inaccurate?
Here's a piece of code, I came up with for radD:
> <telerik:RadTextbox ID="radD" runat="server" Autopostback="true"
> Type="Number" text=<%# Bind("TotalD") </telerik:Radtextbox>
>
> <asp:customvalidator ID =CV1 controltovalidate=radD
> errormessage="Inaccuratetotal"
> clientvalidationfunction="total_validate"/>
My question is: How do I code the clientvalidationfunction for textbox D based on A, B and C. Can anyone point me in the right direction?
Thanks in advance.
Dimpy
A:
You don't include what's in the total_validate function, so I'll write some pseudo code for you.
function total_validate(sender, args){
var control = $find(sender.controltovalidate);
var textBoxA = $find(//textBoxA ID).value;
var textBoxB = $find(//textBoxB ID).value;
var textBoxC = $find(//textBoxC ID).value;
if (//textbox a plus b plus c is NOT what you want)
{
arguments.IsValid = false;
}
}
|
What's new in this version (1.6):
Description
This is an UNLOCKER app for Shelves (com.miadzin.shelves). After you install this app, the ads are removed from Shelves. YOU MIGHT NEED TO REBOOT YOUR PHONE FIRST.
Installing this app will unlock certain features in the Shelves app. It will not erase your previous collection. It will not magically add brand new, never-before-seen new features.
Unlocked features include:
* Removal of ads
* The ability to add any item manually
* The ability to multiselect items for tagging, rating, deleting, e.t.c.
* The ability to add items to a wishlist
Thank you to everyone who supports a one-man development team, acting as developer, tester, documentation writer, customer relations, and public relations. I wouldn't do this if it weren't for all of you.
Last comments from Android Market
Alejandro (*****)There is no "bait & switch". Just a single man who made a great app for free, decided to make it trial, then ad supported FOR his users. Support him.
Christopher (*)I'm so sick of the ads coming back and having to backup my database, uninstall, reinstall, restore database. For this kind of money, it should work.
Jerry (*****)Would be cool if you could add a custom field where you could enter a catalog# for each dvd
Emma (****)Glad I noticed the new update. It's back to being best app ever ;-)
maotx (*)Bait and switch. Price to high. No integration with other services. No way to customize shelves. Can only backup one category at a time.
Real (*)No manual entry. High asking price with still no access to amazon db. Scan couldn't identify canadian upc.
Sean Mc. (****)If the app wasn't so good, I would have uninstalled it due to the bait and switch tactics. Price should be determined before it goes to market.
Randall (****)Garen Torikian has more than once personally responded to questions as well as quickly made desired improvements. I fully support his need to charge!
Androlicious.com is a website that shows applications and games from Android Market. You can download and install apps and games directly from Android Market using an Android phone or by using WebConnect mobile application. |
{
"images" : [
{
"idiom" : "watch",
"scale" : "2x",
"screen-width" : "<=145"
},
{
"idiom" : "watch",
"scale" : "2x",
"screen-width" : ">161"
},
{
"idiom" : "watch",
"scale" : "2x",
"screen-width" : ">145"
},
{
"idiom" : "watch",
"scale" : "2x",
"screen-width" : ">183"
}
],
"info" : {
"version" : 1,
"author" : "xcode"
}
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Methods for the study of the metabolism of radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies by liver and tumor.
Methods for elucidating the mechanisms by which radiolabeled antibodies are taken up and accumulated in tumor and liver are reviewed. These include the use of isolated perfused rat livers, RES blockade using dextran sulfate, single and double labeled antibodies, micropore chambers for the accumulation of the interstitial fluid, and in vitro tissue culture studies of antibody metabolism. Each method has its utility, examples of which will be discussed along with the methods' limitations. All of the methods have value in furthering our understanding of the metabolism of monoclonal antibodies both in vivo and in vitro. Use of these procedures to create a greater understanding of radiolabeled antibody metabolism, hopefully, will result in improved clinically useful agents for diagnosis and therapy. |
Dominick & Dickerman
Dominick and Dickerman is an investment and merchant banking firm, located in New York City. From 1899 through 2015, the firm was known as Dominick and Dominick. Following the sale of the wealth management business, the firm reverted to its original name, Dominick and Dickerman.
The firm was founded in 1870 and is one of the oldest, continuously operated financial services institutions in the United States. Dominick & Dickerman LLC services its individual and corporate clients primarily through three business divisions: Private Wealth Management, Investment Banking and Institutional Sales. Private Wealth Management offers wealth management advise, including investment strategies, asset allocation, wealth and estate planning, insurance products and alternative investments. The Investment Banking team services public and private corporations around the world by raising capital, developing and implementing strategic merger and acquisition plans, and advising senior management teams on a variety of governance, operations and growth issues. Institutional Sales recommends and executes trading strategies for institutional clients in the United States and abroad. Dominick & Dominick LLC is headquartered in New York City and has offices in Basel, Switzerland. Dominick & Dominick LLC is a member of the Securities Investor Protection Corporation and the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority.
History
Founding
The company was founded on June 15, 1870 as Dominick & Dickerman by William Gayer Dominick and Watson Bradley Dickerman. Dominick was born in Chicago, and moved to New York as a child. In 1869, at the age of 25, he purchased membership on the New York Stock Exchange. At the NYSE, Dominick met Connecticut-born Dickerman and they went into business forming a stock brokerage firm. Dominick's brothers, George and Bayard Dominick, also joined the Exchange and became partners in the firm.
Dominick & Dickerman opened its first branch in 1889 in Cincinnati, where the firm was one of only two exchange members. A year later, Dickerman left the firm when he was elected president of the New York Stock Exchange. He would serve as president from 1890 to 1892, then return to the firm. His cofounder, William Dominick, died in 1895 at the age of 50 to typhoid fever. Dickerman would retire in 1909, passing away at the age of 77 in 1923.
Dominick & Dickerman changed its name in 1899 to Dominick & Dominick, adding several new partners including Milnor B. Dominick, Andrew V. Stout, J.A. Barnard, and Bernon S. Prentice. The firm was one of the original sources for closed-end funds, launching The Dominick fund, Inc in 1920 by selling 200,000 shares for a raise of $10 million. Despite the stock market crash in 1929, the fund survived and was listed in 1959 on the NYSE before it was merged with Putnam Fund in 1973.
Expansion
In 1936 Dominick & Dominick expanded through acquisition, merging with A. Iselin & Co., also one of Wall Street's oldest firms. Several months earlier the patriarch of the firm, Adrian Iselin, died at the age of 89. He had joined the firm, which his father formed, as a 22-year-old in 1868. At the time of the merger, Dominick & Dominick had 13 partners, including Gayer G. Dominick (senior partner since 1926), Bayard Dominick, and Gardner Dominick Stout. It next picked up several partners from Iselin & Co., as well as Iselin Securities Corporation, which brought with it an office in Paris, and the Iselin Corporation of Canada with its office in Montreal. Because Dominick & Dominick already maintained a London office, the London office of Iselin Securities was closed.
Other European offices were subsequently opened, and Dominick & Dominick soon had a presence in all of the major cities in Europe.
World War II
A large number of the firm's employees and partners entered the military, including Gayer Dominick. The firm was content to just keep its doors opened and operate. Gayer Dominick had been with the firm since 1909 after graduating from Yale University. In 1935 he was elected a governor of the New York Stock Exchange and helped to hire the first paid president of the Exchange, at the behest of the new Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). He then left the family firm in 1938 to enter public service, working for the Office of Price Administration in the Roosevelt administration.
Post-War expansion
After World War II came to an end and following a brief economic recession as the United States reverted to a peacetime footing, the economy enjoyed a long period of growth. Dominick & Dominick benefited from the country's prosperity. Some of the firm's most notable transactions during the postwar years involved Yonkers, New York-based Alexander Smith Carpet Company and Canada's Great Plains Oil. In the late 1950s Dominick & Dominick was also part of a banking syndicate that managed the initial public offering (IPO) of stock issued by Arvida Corporation, which was formed in Florida in 1958 to sell the real estate holdings of Arthur Vining Davis. The IPO gained attention because of objections raised by the SEC to the way the managers had announced the stock sale before filing a registration statement with the SEC, a violation of the law.
Dominick & Dominick ended registration as a partnership, reorganizing as a corporation in 1964. The 1960s also saw the firm spread its operation across the country, taking advantage of a bull market to build up a domestic retail brokerage business. In 1962 an office in Chicago was opened. Dominick & Dominick gained a major presence in New England in 1966 by acquiring the firm of Townsend, Dabney, Tyson. Not only did the firm pick up a large Boston office but another 15 offices throughout the Northeast. About 30 additional branch offices across the United States were opened by the end of the 1960s.
In 1970 Dominick & Dominick pursued a merger with Clark, Dodge & Co., Inc., a similar size firm, but called it off, electing instead to continue a program of opening new offices and pursuing the acquisition of smaller firms. This plan was also eventually terminated, however, as the stock market began to experience one of the worst bear markets in a generation, and Dominick & Dominick found that it had stretched itself far too thin.
Dark period
Strapped for cash the firm sold four of its five seats on the New York Stock Exchange and one of two seats on the American Stock Exchange. It also sold a significant stake in the business for $7.25 million to an investment group led by Pierce National Life Insurance Company (now Liberty Corporation), which was in turn controlled by Joe L. Allbritton, founder of Allbritton Communications Company. While the infusion of capital was welcome, Dominick & Dominick still found itself in a difficult position and decided to exit the domestic retail brokerage business and to sell the bulk of its branch offices.
The firm's chairman and chief executive, Peter M. Kennedy, explained to the New York Times that "a national retail structure is not right for a firm of our size. We either had to be bigger or smaller." He added, "We are not going out of business. We are just changing the nature of our business."
Dominick & Dominick retained a modest retail business but mostly chose to focus on core strengths, including institutional business, money management, corporate finance, municipal bonds, and its international business. It was also in 1973 The Dominick fund, which had about $55 million in assets, was taken over by Putnam Fund.
Over the next 20 years, Dominick & Dominick reduced its work force and closed offices in an attempt to focus on more profitable financial services such as research. The firm also became involved in the fixed income area, making corporate and municipal bonds, Eurobonds, and Treasury Notes available to its clients, and launched managed futures programs to participate in the global currency markets. The firm also did a healthy business providing clearing services to more than 100 National Association of Securities Dealers firms; its Dominick & Dominick Advisors unit provided investment and portfolio management services to high-net-worth investors and institutions in the United States, Europe, and Asia.
21st century
By the start of the new century, Dominick & Dominick was in decline and needed an infusion of partner capital. In October 2003 the firm brought in a new president and CEO, hiring 58-year-old Michael J. Campbell, a former Marine who had 30 years of experience in the industry, including a 25-year tenure with Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette (DLJ) and a stint with Credit Suisse First Boston after Credit Suisse acquired DLJ. With DLJ Campbell managed the private client group, expanding the firm's high-net-worth and midsized institutional investor brokerage business from 75 advisors to a network of more than 500 investment professionals.
Campbell joined Dominick & Dominick in 2003, bringing senior management from DLJ and Credit Suisse First Boston. The new management relocated the firm headquarters from lower Manhattan to Midtown Manhattan to an office on 52nd St. In addition, Campbell wasted little time in recruiting new advisors from Credit Suisse and other major financial firms.
Dominick & Dominick's first branch office to open under Campbell's management was in the fall of 2004 when an operation in Miami was opened to focus on wealthy Central and South American residents. It was not an acquisition, as Dominick was absorbing the Miami office of Pennsylvania-based First Security Investments, which had been opened by another former DLJ employee, Alain O'Hayon, who stayed on to manage the office. Campbell was very familiar with the potential of a Miami operation, having built up an office in the city for DLJ from just two brokers to more than 70.
In 2006 another regional office was added in Atlanta.
A year later, in 2007, Dominick & Dominick launched a new risk arbitrage group with the hope to develop synergies with the firm's existing institutional and high-net-worth client base.
Stanford Financial Group receivership
On November 13, 2009, the US District Court ordered the Brokerage Accounts of Stanford Financial Group Brokerage to be transferred to Dominick & Dominick LLC. The Stanford Group was the firm run by Allen Stanford. Both Stanford Group Company and Dominick & Dominick LLC use Pershing LLC as their clearing firm. The transfer became effective on January 20, 2010.
References
Notes
Bibliography
Allan, John H. "Two Wall Street Firms Undergo Changes." The New York Times 22 Feb. 1973: n. pag. Print.
New York Times. "Anniversay Celebrated: Dominick & Dominick, Brokers, Oberve Fiftieth Year in Business." The New York Times 15 June 1920: n. pag. Print
Staff. "Dominick Branches Sold to Other Firms." The New York Times 8 Aug. 1973: n. pag. Print.
Staff. "Iselin Firm to End, Joining Dominicks." The New YOrk Times 17 June 1973: n. pag. Print.
Vartan, Vartanig G. "Dominick to Quit Retail Brokerage." The New York Times 31 July 1973: n. pag. Print
Dominick & Dominick LLC Homepage. "About US." Dominick & Dominick LLC. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Apr. 2011. <http://www.dominickanddominick.com/>.
External links
Category:Financial services companies established in 1870
Category:Investment companies based in New York City
Category:Companies based in New York City
Category:Financial services companies based in New York City
Category:Brokerage firms
Category:1870 establishments in New York (state) |
This blog was originally a set of reflections as a student teacher, full time teacher, and then technology director in K-12 education.
It is currently a place for educational technology reflections and features a few interesting assignments during my masters degree program.
Monday, March 2, 2009
Job Fair – Round One
So today I ventured out to a new experience, one that I had heard a lot about but not experienced – the job fair. So this morning I got up and put on my Sunday best and headed out to a school and into the dog pen. I got here, along with a lot of other people, a little early and got registered. Then I stood in line and waited, and waited, and waited some more for the doors to open. Then finally they did and all of us, I would have to guess somewhere around 550 teachers, educators, and support staff all searching for a job.
So there I was, a student teacher thrown into a huge gym full of people. Armed with my resume and a smile I approached my first school district to talk to them. Of course there were lines, but some places were worse than others. Last night I made my short list of schools that I was interested in, so I started off there. The format is that prospective educators have about two minutes to impress the representatives of the district with the few words and ideas that you have. So that’s what I did, I said a few things about student teaching, technology, finishing my degree program, and then trying to ask a question to keep the conversation going. From there they would probably tell me, at least at most places, that they do not have any openings right now. So I would hand them my resume, tell them thank you, and then move on.
That’s what I found in a lot of districts, but in just a few I had a little more luck. If you make it past the first round of interrogation and approval, then they grant you a thirty minute interview later in the day. At first I started to wonder if I would even get any interviews. I kept getting turned down by school district after school district, because of a lack of openings. As I was waiting in line I met a friend who chatted with me for a while and then she encouraged me to throw my plan out the window. My short list, what did it really matter? Of course, make sure that I hit those schools, but other than that I have nothing holding me to Denver. Why not go around to every table and get my information out. So that’s what I did, I hit them all up. Mostly I got turned down, time and time again. One school district in particular would not even look at student teachers. Which, I think is good for the students and parents in their district, but some student teachers are fantastic and I think worth looking at – I am included. However, I guess I somewhat understand the policy. That was frustrating; however this market is hard. The jobs are few and far between, so I kept trying. Then I finally got a huge break with a large district outside of Denver and that made me really excited. From there I tried a few other places and then started getting the line, “We would love to interview you today, but our sheet is already filled up.” They only have so much time to interview so many candidates, it makes sense, but I feel like they fill them on a first come, first serve basis, which I believe they are leaving out some quality candidates. I was excited, though, because even one school district told me, “We’re really interested and if anything opens up today, like someone does not show up for an interview, I will call you.” That was really nice to hear. In addition, I also got an interview at a smaller district that will serve as a preparation for the larger school district. I was able to schedule it right before too, so that was a good thing.
All in all, there were a lot of people, a lot of standing in line, and very little progress. A few interviews, that was good, but overall I’m still not ready for school on Monday and this ate up my day. I understand that finding a job is really important, but I want to make sure that it is worth my time. Many of these districts were like, did you apply online? To which I thought; No, if I had time I might take you up on that. Which leads me to the kicker – It will be this week when I carve out time for me to actually get on the computer and actually get things situated. I am watching a few other school districts and a few other jobs around the state and this week I have to make time to start applying.
So my first interview was with the really small school district. It was good to go in there, see what questions they had, and then move from there. They strongly encouraged me to apply to their open position.
My second interview was with an interviewee that was really excited to meet me and interview me. My interviewer was really impressed with my resume and “everything I had done in my short life.” She said, “It was one of the best resumes I have seen in a while,” which made me feel good about my accomplishments and that my resume was attracting attention. From there she asked me a few standard questions about education, teaching, and then she asked me about publishing relevant material. I took that and ran with it. I showed her how my students were publishing to Wiki spaces, blogging, Fishbowling in class, and really publishing to the world. I also told her about how we are using cell phones in the classroom and really trying to make the content that the students write worth while to the students and publishable to the world. From question three on, I do not think she went back to the “prepared questions.” Instead, we just had a chat about engagement, technology, teaching, and middle school students. At the end of the interview, my interviewer strongly encouraged me to apply for a recent posting of an opening at 7th and 8th grade. I was a little hesitant at first to even think about and acknowledge teaching middle school students, but then my interviewer told me a little bit more about the school district and how it is growing and how it passed a very large bond last year. To that end, they will be hiring many teachers and spending a lot of money on technology and a brand new P-20 school that will open in 2011 I believe. So it was a great interview that actually went over time, but made me excited for teaching and the prospect of a job in the near future.
This whole career fair thing is very daunting at first and even seemed like part of it was not worth it, but I really felt that at the end of the day I had two good jobs to look into and start applying to. I had built up confidence in my skills, resume, and presentation, which all was very helpful, and I had even had some interview experience. Now off to the search for the online applications and the time to fill them out. The search continues, but all in all it was a good day.
About Me
Randon Ruggles is currently a Education Services Engineer at JAMF Software. He was previously a high school English teacher and Technology Director at the FAIR School Downtown (Minneapolis, MN). Prior FAIR he student taught at Arapahoe High School (Centennial, CO) where this blog got its start. In addition to his work at JAMF, Randon has taught classes for Saint Mary's University of Minnesota in the GPDE program and is currently completing his Instructional Technology masters degree through the University of Northern Iowa. When Randon is not found blogging, tweeting, or checking out new technology, he is usually watching MN Wild hockey, water skiing on the Mississippi River, or hanging out with his wife. |
Recently, Times Higher Education released their 2016/2017 World University Rankings. The rankings look at teaching, research, knowledge transfer and international outlook of universities from every corner of the globe. Here at WebsEdge we were excited for this announcement as we have worked closely with many of the universities for our Conference TV projects. Looking at [...]
The MarCom Awards has announced WebsEdge as a gold winner in the education institution – video category, titled The Fetal Heart Program by Cath Sheehan, Executive Producer at WebsEdge. Stephen Horn CEO of WebsEdge said “With video technology more widely used and accessible at peoples’ fingertips, it is great to be recognized for quality video [...]
Announced last week (03/05/17) in front of 500 attendees, the European Association of Urology (EAU) was named the winner of Best TV Video Channel – EAU TV at the Association Awards in Vienna. Attracting over 60 nominations, EAU TV was one of only ten associations to be recognised during the 2017 International and European Association [...]
We here at WebsEdge have fond memories of Dr Millie Dresselhaus. Over the years we have been fortunate to interview her a handful of times about her career, achievements and her commitment to STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) education, particularly for women. The MIT professor, named ‘Queen of Carbon’ was a pioneer in material [...]
You probably don’t need me to tell you that video is fast becoming the common currency for online communications. But even so the figures are truly amazing. According to a new report from Cisco global Internet traffic is going to rise three fold by 2017. By then half the world’s projected population – or 3.6 [...]
Contributors
Click below to find blogs written by various members of the WebsEdge team and Stephen Horn, our CEO.
You are currently browsing the WebsEdge Blog blog archives
for June, 2013. |
Q:
How can I force a throw to be a statement and not an expression (in a lambda expression)?
Starting from C# 7.0 the throw keyword can be used both as an expression and as a statement, which is nice.
Though, consider these overloads
public static void M(Action doIt) { /*use doIt*/ }
public static void M(Func<int> doIt) { /*use doIt*/ }
When invoking like this
M(() => throw new Exception());
or even like this (with a statement lambda)
M(() => { throw new Exception(); });
the M(Func<>) overload is selected by the compiler indicating that the throw is here considered as an expression.
How can I elegantly and intent-clear force the compiler to select the M(Action) overload?
One way to do it is this
M(() => { throw new Exception(); return; });
but the reason for the return statement seems non-obvious, and runs the risk of being changed by the next developer especially since Resharper warns about the unreachable code.
(Of course I can change the method naming to avoid overloading, but that is not the question. :-)
A:
You could add a cast to for Action, although it does get a bit LISP'y with all the parentheses:
M((Action)(() => throw new Exception()));
Not ideal, but if you want maximum clarity:
Action thrw = () => throw new Exception();
M(thrw);
A:
This has nothing to do with whether the lambda is a statement lambda or an expression lambda (as is most succinctly shown by you changing the lambda from an expression lambda to a statement lambda and the behavior not changing).
There are numerous ways you can make a lambda match multiple possible overloads. This one is specific to newer versions, but other methods have applied since C# 1.0 (and the specific handling of anonymous methods and the resulting overload resolution disambiguation has needed to exist since the introduction of anonymous methods).
The rules for determining which overload is called are spelled out in section 7.5.3.3 of the C# specs. Specifically, when the parameter is an anonymous method, it will always prefer the overload who's delegate (or expression) has a return value over one that has no return value. This will be true whether it's a statement lambda or expression lambda; it applies to any form of anonymous function.
Thus you either need to prevent both overload from matching by making the anonymous method not valid for a Func<int>, or explicitly force the type to be an Action so the compiler is not disambiguating it itself.
A:
One possible approach is to use named parameters:
public static void M(Action action) { /* do stuff */ }
public static void M(Func<int> func) { /* do stuff */ }
public static void Main()
{
M(action: () => throw new Exception());
}
This should probably be documented in the code so as not to surprise the next developer to come along, and as noted in the comments write an appropriate automated test to verify the correct overload is called.
|
Newbould
Newbould is a surname. Notable people with the name include:
Alfred Ernest Newbould (1873–1952), British cinematographer and politician
Brian Newbould (born 1936), British composer, conductor and author
Frank Newbould (1887–1951), English poster artist
Harry Newbould (1861–1928), English football manager
Julieanne Newbould (born 1957), Australian actress
Thomas Newbould (1880–1964), English rugby player
See also
Newbold (name)
Newbolt |
Q:
Difference between a 'figure' and 'figurine'?
I am writing a product description for an Easter bunny decorative figure/figurine and I am stuck at which term to use for my copy as both these terms have been used interchangeably on different sites.
A:
Figure and figurine can be used interchangeably to describe a small statue or statuette.
figure a representation of a human or animal form in drawing or sculpture (Oxford)
figurine a statuette, especially one of a human form (Oxford)
That said, figure is a more general term. In the statue sense alone, figure connotes no size, whereas figurine connotes a smaller size. Furthermore, figure has a plethora of other senses, evinced by the dictionary entry linked above.
If you're writing a product description, you should probably go with the more specific term, figurine.
|
When your done with the game for Nba 2k9 for the Ps2 what else can you do?
1. Can you unlock new shoes, hair styles, Etc.
2.can you have a slam-dunk contest?
all I do is create a new team and go to game modes and go to street if you got
any new and cool stuff please let me know Answers: 1
Hi,
I've just bought the game and playing season mode. When I save my season, turn ps2 off and next wanna play it. I cant load it. I just have to play a new season mode. And, how do you buy/trade players? Answers: 5
Can you hav a 3 point shoot out or slam dunk contest for nba2k9 cuz dats one of my favorite things to do and I cant find them Answers: 2
Ask a question about PS2 2K9's player trade
Every time I made a trade(ex:Kobe for Roy)
then I played with that team(POR)
i found that Kobe just played for 3~4 mins
and he would be substitute with bench player(like Webster)
then didn't back to lineup again by coach's decision
A starter just played for 3~4 mins per game?
i check of other traded team, but the condition is the same!
Please tell me how to prohibit CPU's coach from these ridiculous substitutions
or prevent this conditons?
Thanks a lot. Answers: 6
I know this question is stupid, but I can't get any of my players to dunk the ball. How do you dunk the ball on the PS2 Answers: 3
Can you create a team on NBA 2K9 for PS2? Please answer me! Answers: 1 |
Q:
Allow PHP application access only for slack
I have implemented slack -Jenkins Integration;
Triggering Jenkins build with parameters job by using PHP application hosted in a server.
Slash command to call PHP application ;
PHP application will take the input by REQUEST method and then call the Jenkins job .
If any one knows the file name(www.myserver.com/filename.php) and cracked the run time arguments(paramters), then they can do the deployments . By calling the it in the URL.
Slack doesn't have static IP . So IP restriction is not possible .
Tried :
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_METHOD} !^POST$
RewriteRule ^/check.php$ - [NC,R=404,L]
in the .htaccess.
But Fails the testcase.
Simply , need to allow the PHP application only from slack
A:
You'll want to process the verification token that comes with every slack request.
Verification tokens
Slash commands, Events API deliveries, and interactive messages all have one thing in common:
Slack dispatches a request that lands on your server. You need a way to identify that it really came from Slack. So every Slack app has a verification token that acts as a shared secret between your app and Slack. This verification token has nothing to do with any other kind of token on Slack. It's never needed for any API operations your app sends to Slack. It's only use case is to securely identify traffic coming from Slack.
Don't confuse verification tokens with an OAuth token, user token (xoxp), bot user token (xoxb), gossip girl token (xoxo), or workspace token (xoxa). The only relation is that token word "token."
|
Jordan Morris
Jordan Perry Morris (born October 26, 1994) is an American soccer player who plays as a forward for Seattle Sounders FC in Major League Soccer, and the United States national team.
Club career
Youth, college and amateur
Morris, from Mercer Island, Washington, began his youth career with Eastside FC, where he played from 2004 to 2012, from U11 to U17, with the Eastside FC B94 Red team, coached by Dan Strom, and helped the team to six of its seven Washington State titles as well as two third-place finishes at the US Youth Soccer National Championships in 2011 and 2012: he was named to the Best XI in 2011, and was the Golden Ball winner in 2012. Morris was also named NSCAA Washington State Player of the Year and NSCAA High School All-American in 2012.
He joined the Sounders FC youth academy and played in the U.S. Soccer Development Academy for one season. On February 6, 2012, Morris signed a letter of intent to play college soccer at Stanford University.
In his freshman year with the Cardinal, Morris appeared in all 21 matches and led all Pac-12 freshman with seven assists and 19 points and tied for the lead with six goals and helped lead his team to their first NCAA Tournament since 2009 where they would eventually fall 1–0 to #2 seed Washington in the Round of 16. He went on to be named first team All-Pac-12 that year. Morris also spent time with Seattle Sounders FC U-23 in the Premier Development League.
In his sophomore year, Morris helped lead Stanford to its first Pac-12 championship since 2001.
In his junior year, Morris scored 13 goals and had 3 assists. He led the Cardinal to both the Pac-12 and the NCAA Championships. In the NCAA tournament, Morris scored 5 of Stanford's total of 12 goals. In the championship game against Clemson, Morris scored his first of two goals in the game only 87 seconds into the contest.
On January 8, 2016, Morris was awarded the Hermann Trophy as the best player in NCAA Division I soccer.
Seattle Sounders
After winning the NCAA Division I Men's Soccer Championship, there was speculation that Morris would begin to play professionally. Coach Jürgen Klinsmann stated that Morris "obviously has to" turn pro. On January 5, 2016, Morris announced he decided to forgo his senior season at Stanford to turn pro. It was widely speculated that Morris would sign with the Sounders, the club for which his father works, and also holds his amateur rights. On January 21, 2016, Morris signed with Seattle Sounders FC, being given MLS's highest-ever Homegrown Player contract worth roughly $250,000 a year. He joined the Sounders' preseason training camp in Arizona, debuting in a friendly against Celaya F.C. on February 9, 2016. On February 23, 2016, Morris made his professional debut against Club América in the CONCACAF Champions League, starting the match. The following week, he debuted in the Sounders' first Major League Soccer game of the season against Sporting Kansas City.
Morris scored his first Major League Soccer goal for the Sounders on April 16, 2016, against the Philadelphia Union. He then went on to score in his next three consecutive games, matching the Seattle rookie scoring record, his next goal then surpassed the rookie goalscoring record which had been set by Steve Zakuani in 2009. He has since helped his team to win the MLS Cup after a run from ninth place into fourth, along with the help of Nicolas Lodeiro, a new midseason acquisition made by Seattle.
On February 22, 2018 while playing in El Salvador against Santa Tecla in the Sounders' first match of the 2018 CONCACAF Champions League, Morris collapsed untouched in the 85th minute with a torn ACL. He was reported to likely miss 6–9 months. After missing the entirety of the 2018 MLS season, Morris was signed to a five-year contract extension with the Sounders in December 2018.
Werder Bremen trial
On January 5, 2016, it was reported that Morris was set to train with Werder Bremen at their winter camp, which Bremen chief executive Thomas Eichin claimed was "an opportunity for us to get to know the player better. Nothing more and nothing less". On January 13, 2016, it was reported that Bremen extended the trial of Morris who then played in a friendly match against Inter Baku PIK and recorded an assist. On January 18, 2016, it was reported that Bremen had offered a contract to Morris, and Eichin claimed he was confident that they would sign him. However, it was later reported by Werder Bremen that Morris had turned down their offer in favor of playing in the United States.
International career
In May 2013, Morris was one of 22 players named to the U.S. under-20 squad for the Toulon Tournament where he made three appearances. He also made appearances for the U.S. under-23 national team on August 6, 2014 and scored in a 5–1 win over Barbados.
On August 28, 2014, Morris received his first senior call up to the U.S. men's national team for a friendly against the Czech Republic, making him the first college player to be called into squad since Chris Albright was called up in 1999 while he was still playing at the University of Virginia. While he was left on the bench, he would make his international debut in a 4–1 defeat to Ireland in November.
On April 15, 2015, he scored his first U.S. men's national team goal against Mexico in an international friendly. In the 2017 CONCACAF Gold Cup Final, Morris scored the winning goal for the United States, assuring a victory over Jamaica and becoming joint top scorer of the tournament with three goals.
International goals
As of matches played November 19, 2019. Scores and results list the United States's goal tally first.
Personal life
Morris was born in Seattle, Washington, to Michael and Leslie Morris. His father, Dr. Michael Morris, is the chief medical director of Seattle Sounders FC. He has three siblings named Christopher, Julian and Talia. He attended Mercer Island High School, where he played high school soccer prior to joining the Sounders Academy.
Morris was diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes at the age of nine and is one of the few professional athletes with the condition to play. He said that having diabetes has helped shape him. His tattoo "T1D" on his inner arm is a tribute to the armband people with diabetes have to wear.
Career statistics
International
Honors
Stanford Cardinal
NCAA Division I Men's Soccer Championship: 2015
Pac-12 Conference: 2015
Seattle Sounders
MLS Cup: 2016, 2019
Western Conference: 2016, 2017, 2019
United States
CONCACAF Gold Cup: 2017
Individual
NSCAA High School All-American: 2012
First team All-Pac-12: 2013, 2014, 2015
Pac-12 Player of the Year: 2015
Hermann Trophy: 2015
MLS Rookie of the Year: 2016
CONCACAF Gold Cup Best XI: 2017
MLS Comeback Player of the Year: 2019
References
External links
Stanford University bio
Category:1994 births
Category:Living people
Category:American soccer players
Category:Stanford Cardinal men's soccer players
Category:Seattle Sounders FC U-23 players
Category:Seattle Sounders FC players
Category:Association football forwards
Category:Soccer players from Washington (state)
Category:USL League Two players
Category:Major League Soccer players
Category:People with type 1 diabetes
Category:Hermann Trophy men's winners
Category:NCAA Division I Men's Soccer Tournament Most Outstanding Player winners
Category:United States men's under-20 international soccer players
Category:United States men's under-23 international soccer players
Category:United States men's international soccer players
Category:2017 CONCACAF Gold Cup players
Category:Sportspeople from Seattle
Category:People from Mercer Island, Washington
Category:CONCACAF Gold Cup-winning players
Category:All-American men's college soccer players
Category:2019 CONCACAF Gold Cup players |
Very well, this is not the first story that I write in English, but is the first that is going to be published and NOT removed
Very well, this is not the first story that I
write in English, but is the first that is going to be published
and WONT be removed. So I'll be so honored if you read it even if
it's not perfect, and what's more: you can even personal message
me if you want to correct it, then, you can put your mail and be sure
that no one but me is going to see it. Then I can send you the
chapters or the story, 'because I actually don't know if it's
going to be a long one shot or a novel. I guess that's something
I'll have to see as I write the story.
Not an
orphan.
Chapter
1
I'm not an orphan; I think you already got that
right? I have a Mum and had a Dad. Though I have no idea were exactly
my mum is, I know that wherever she is she
is working for our goodness (yes our: my sister Lucy and me, Sara)
and that she is deeply in love with us.
Or at
least, that's what Grandma' tells us every day. She is very poor
and bit old, but again, she works hard for our goodness and she loves
us deeply, as does her friend Mónica.
Well, as
I said, I'm Sara, I'm 17 and there's nothing more you would
actually like to know apart of the fact that my father died the day
before yesterday.
He, a man
of hard working fell ill the past month and it was that strange
illness what actually finished him.
He didn't own much money, and all he had was
left for education and food mainly, so that's why he was so full of
debts when he died. And as it's easy to figure out, my family is
now in complete ruin, more than it was before, and yes, I had the
opportunity to study in a quite good school, but now things have
changed and the only way out of this is for my Grandma' to do as my
mother and try to make it better somewhere out the country, maybe in
USA, where I was born. That's why I speak in English, even if it's
hard for me to do it, 'cause I've lived almost my whole life here
in Colombia.
Unfortunately,
we can't go with her, 'cause as I say before, there's no money
and she can't stay, 'cause she may be picked by the police
because of my father's debts. But she may travel to USA searching
for some help 'cause, again, my family is American.
As we
haven't got any more family in the entire world, there's nothing
left but go to an orphanage, to a good one we've been told. In
there, we'll have food, a roof, and (as my father would have liked)
a good education.
We're
on our way right now, but you shouldn't feel sad for us, because is
better than going to a bad school and living in the streets.
It would
be so dangerous for us to sleep in the streets, I know! For everyone
is dangerous, but more for kids in Colombia, and what's more: if
they have USA blood (for this effects, like it or not, capitalist
blood).
Back to
us, we're on our way, in a bus, and can't help myself but spend
my time watching the awesome landscape. It's full of hills and
mountains nicely decorated by trees and bushes.
The bus
zigzags its way through the road. Lucy is sleeping next to me. I'm
thinking about my friends back at my other school that had to leave
in mid term.
I also think about the boy I like, he's called
Sebastian, but I guess he doesn't sees me as more than friends. And
very apart friends I have to say! He is one of those people I didn't
tell I was leaving. I guess I won't care. Any ways, it's
something I'll have to forget because there's no go back at least
for a while.
I'm
suppose to leave the orphanage next year, but I don't reckon I'll
do, 'cause I just can't leave Lucy alone. She is only 5 and I
don't want her to forget me, or our family, or worst: forget she
HAS a family.
I still
have my MP3 (I know, I know it's something old, but remember I'm
not a powerful money owner) and my cell phone, but can't know if
they're going to take it off from me. I'll do my best so that it
doesn't happen, really, I'm so a no one without my music or my
cell phone.
I stand up a bit to get a bit more comfortable.
The bus is passing beneath some tall trees and its shadow feels fine
in my skin.
Lucy
wakes up and sits straight.
"Were
are we going Sara?"
I have told her a thousand times we're going to
a new home. But I guess she doesn't get the idea of what a new home
is. 'Cause I guess you know, but a
different home is not the same as a different house. At least, not
this case.
This time, we're going to have a new house, it's
true, but more important is the fact that
we're going to have a new 'family' if that's how you can call
an orphan.
"We're
going to a new home?"
"A new
house?"
I nodded;
I guess that's just too hard for a small kid to understand the
difference between those two concepts.
"And"
she proceeded "Is it to far?"
"I
don't know Lucy" I look through the window "I don't know"
The bus
keeps going in its way, the humming noise doesn't stop. And things
in my head began to change. I guess is because things are really
going to change from no on. How can I possibly know how the future is
going to be like?
--
And there
it is! My very first chapter of my very first English fiction press.
I know! It's short, but is just the beginning.
Anyways. Remember I said I didn't know if it was
going to be a story or a novel? Well, it's going to be a novel
(here again, I think that you may already noticed that ¬¬), but a
short novel I guess, no more than six chapters. Anyways: Who knows?
If it really gets good, things can possibly change.
I'd like to know how you feel about it: If you
liked it, if you didn't, If you think I'd better continue writing
some pokemon fanfiction, or whatever you'd like to say, it can even
not be related to the story at all, just REVIEW!
But try
to make it according to the story anyways please…
The author would like to thank you for your continued support. Your review has been posted. |
Preliminary study on the microbiology of Campylobacter pyloridis and gastric histopathology.
Biopsy samples were taken endoscopically from the antral-mucosa of 693 patients with peptic ulcer and chronic gastritis presenting dyspepsia symptoms. Campylobacter pyloridis cultures were positive in 59 of 98 (60.2%) cases and histopathologically the organisms were found in 411 of 693 cases (59.3%). Pathologically, Campylobacter pyloridis was positive in 273 out of 300 patients with chronic superficial gastritis (91.0%), in 102 of 249 patients with chronic atrophic gastritis (40.9%), in 36 out of 144 patients with chronic atrophic gastritis with intestinalization or dysplasia (25.0%). We found that there was a significant association between the presence of Campylobacter pyloridis and chronic superficial gastritis, also the degree of lymphocyte infiltration showed a strong inverse association with the presence of Campylobacter pyloridis, suggesting that a local immune response might exert an important action in the eradication of this organism. These findings support the view that Campylobacter pyloridis, may be etiologically related to chronic gastritis and peptic ulceration, even though its role still remains to be determined. |
Hypoxic vasoconstriction in rat pulmonary and mesenteric arteries.
Hypoxic vasoconstriction was investigated in isolated pulmonary and mesenteric arteries of the rat. Experiments were performed on large (approximately 2 mm pulmonary, approximately 0.8 mm mesenteric) and small (100-350 microns) arteries. Hypoxia [oxygen partial pressure (PO2) approximately 33 mmHg] elicited a biphasic response in arteries precontracted with prostaglandin F2 alpha (10 microM). A transient contraction reaching a peak within 2-3 min was observed in both large and small pulmonary and mesenteric arteries (phase 1). In pulmonary arteries, this was followed by a slowly developing contraction over 45 min (phase 2). In mesenteric arteries, there was no phase 2 but instead a profound relaxation. Mechanical disruption of the endothelium had no significant effect on phase 1 in preconstricted large pulmonary arteries but reduced phase 1 in small arteries by 40%. Phase 2 was abolished in both large and small arteries. Inhibition of endothelium-derived relaxing factor synthesis or cyclooxygenase pathways had no effect on either phase. Verapamil substantially reduced phase 1 but abolished phase 2. In conclusion, we have found a clear biphasic response to hypoxia in pulmonary arteries of the rat, but, in contrast to some previous reports, phase 1 was only partially dependent on the endothelium, whereas phase 2 was entirely dependent on the endothelium. Small and large arteries had qualitatively similar responses. These results are consistent with the involvement of at least two mechanisms for hypoxic vasoconstriction, one of which may involve release of an as yet unidentified endothelium-derived constrictor factor. |
Q:
Captioning two side by side figures outside float environment
I want to put two figures in the footnote of my document. I need to write a caption without a label for each figure. The problem is that the figures are located vertically when I add the \captionof*{} command. Does anybody have any idea to put the figures side by side?
I am using the following code
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{caption}
\begin{document}
\footnote{text text text text text text text
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=0.3\textwidth]{Fig.png}
\captionof*{figure}{first figure}
\includegraphics[width=0.3\textwidth]{Fig.png}
\captionof*{figure}{second figure}
\end{center}
}
\end{document}
and the result is as the following
A:
As @leandriis said in the comments, I put each figure in a minipage environment. In this way, the figures are located side by side.
The modified code with minipage environment is as
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{caption}
\begin{document}
\footnote{text text text text text text text
\begin{minipage}{0.5\textwidth}\vspace{15pt}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.3\textwidth]{Fig.png}
\captionof*{figure}{first figure}
\end{minipage}
\begin{minipage}{0.5\textwidth}\vspace{15pt}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.3\textwidth]{Fig.png}
\captionof*{figure}{second figure}
\end{minipage}
}
\end{document}
and the result of the above code is as
|
m of 103, 753, 2015, 3889, 6375, 9473, 13183?
306*o**2 - 268*o + 65
What is the k'th term of -27692, -110778, -249254, -443120?
-27695*k**2 - k + 4
What is the o'th term of 105016, 210119, 315228, 420349, 525488, 630651, 735844?
o**3 - 3*o**2 + 105105*o - 87
What is the w'th term of 2256, 4493, 6668, 8751, 10712, 12521, 14148, 15563?
-5*w**3 - w**2 + 2275*w - 13
What is the x'th term of 9703, 19441, 29169, 38887, 48595, 58293, 67981?
-5*x**2 + 9753*x - 45
What is the w'th term of 7825, 15825, 23823, 31819?
-w**2 + 8003*w - 177
What is the x'th term of 4228952, 4228957, 4228962?
5*x + 4228947
What is the v'th term of -1039258, -1039232, -1039182, -1039102, -1038986, -1038828, -1038622?
v**3 + 6*v**2 + v - 1039266
What is the m'th term of -56059704, -56059707, -56059710, -56059713, -56059716, -56059719?
-3*m - 56059701
What is the x'th term of -18885, -20883, -24219, -28893?
-669*x**2 + 9*x - 18225
What is the c'th term of 5610952, 11221894, 16832836?
5610942*c + 10
What is the k'th term of 62344, 27531, -7284, -42101, -76920, -111741, -146564?
-k**2 - 34810*k + 97155
What is the o'th term of 509758, 509782, 509806, 509830, 509854, 509878?
24*o + 509734
What is the j'th term of 535416, 2141612, 4818620, 8566452, 13385120, 19274636, 26235012?
2*j**3 + 535394*j**2 + 20
What is the p'th term of -7831873, -7831879, -7831887, -7831897, -7831909?
-p**2 - 3*p - 7831869
What is the f'th term of 2694817, 2695016, 2695347, 2695810?
66*f**2 + f + 2694750
What is the x'th term of 404054559, 404054557, 404054555, 404054553, 404054551, 404054549?
-2*x + 404054561
What is the h'th term of -111621, -111891, -112185, -112515, -112893, -113331, -113841, -114435?
-2*h**3 - 256*h - 111363
What is the u'th term of -201540, -403106, -604700, -806322, -1007972?
-14*u**2 - 201524*u - 2
What is the w'th term of 8909, 17881, 26927, 36047, 45241?
37*w**2 + 8861*w + 11
What is the x'th term of 1294651, 2589426, 3884197, 5178964, 6473727?
-2*x**2 + 1294781*x - 128
What is the h'th term of 577, -218, -1017, -1820, -2627?
-2*h**2 - 789*h + 1368
What is the r'th term of -129545, -129666, -129787, -129908?
-121*r - 129424
What is the g'th term of -840386, -1680979, -2521572, -3362165, -4202758, -5043351?
-840593*g + 207
What is the i'th term of 6427, 4324, 2225, 130, -1961, -4048?
2*i**2 - 2109*i + 8534
What is the o'th term of -389, -104, 843, 2452, 4723?
331*o**2 - 708*o - 12
What is the s'th term of -627418, -626915, -626076, -624901, -623390?
168*s**2 - s - 627585
What is the z'th term of -1558096, -1558101, -1558108, -1558117?
-z**2 - 2*z - 1558093
What is the y'th term of -36320, -75174, -116562, -160484?
-1267*y**2 - 35053*y
What is the d'th term of 257870453, 257870452, 257870451?
-d + 257870454
What is the s'th term of -1427, -1265, -997, -623, -143, 443?
53*s**2 + 3*s - 1483
What is the m'th term of -5005, -4624, -4243, -3862, -3481, -3100?
381*m - 5386
What is the z'th term of -78075, -78055, -78023, -77973, -77899?
z**3 + 13*z - 78089
What is the l'th term of -123733, -249037, -374341, -499645, -624949, -750253?
-125304*l + 1571
What is the g'th term of 388222, 776911, 1165600, 1554289?
388689*g - 467
What is the i'th term of -21467, -33059, -44651, -56243, -67835?
-11592*i - 9875
What is the u'th term of 10567, 20851, 31135?
10284*u + 283
What is the n'th term of 5738, 5897, 6304, 7085, 8366, 10273?
21*n**3 - 2*n**2 + 18*n + 5701
What is the i'th term of -231343, -925411, -2082191, -3701683, -5783887?
-231356*i**2 + 13
What is the n'th term of 239438, 239389, 239340, 239291?
-49*n + 239487
What is the a'th term of 58450, 58401, 58336, 58255, 58158, 58045, 57916?
-8*a**2 - 25*a + 58483
What is the s'th term of -855984, -3423957, -7703918, -13695867, -21399804?
-855994*s**2 + 9*s + 1
What is the k'th term of 197622429, 197622428, 197622427, 197622426?
-k + 197622430
What is the s'th term of -703838, -2815350, -6334538, -11261402?
-703838*s**2 + 2*s - 2
What is the l'th term of 205263, 206438, 207613?
1175*l + 204088
What is the z'th term of -22780929, -22780932, -22780937, -22780944?
-z**2 - 22780928
What is the k'th term of 250461, 500988, 751519, 1002054, 1252593, 1503136, 1753683?
2*k**2 + 250521*k - 62
What is the x'th term of -750, -351, 2326, 8421, 19074?
190*x**3 - x**2 - 928*x - 11
What is the b'th term of -3203, -4743, -4637, -2885, 513, 5557?
823*b**2 - 4009*b - 17
What is the m'th term of -262326, -262274, -262220, -262164, -262106?
m**2 + 49*m - 262376
What is the d'th term of 35239, 68086, 100945, 133822, 166723, 199654, 232621?
d**3 + 32840*d + 2398
What is the g'th term of -63616, -63768, -64018, -64366, -64812, -65356, -65998?
-49*g**2 - 5*g - 63562
What is the m'th term of -96176, -190597, -285018, -379439, -473860, -568281?
-94421*m - 1755
What is the c'th term of -3808, -7625, -11480, -15391, -19376, -23453, -27640, -31955?
-3*c**3 - c**2 - 3793*c - 11
What is the k'th term of -648163457, -1296326913, -1944490369?
-648163456*k - 1
What is the y'th term of 154936549, 309873103, 464809659, 619746217, 774682777?
y**2 + 154936551*y - 3
What is the a'th term of -1163, -2367, -3569, -4763, -5943, -7103, -8237?
a**3 - 5*a**2 - 1196*a + 37
What is the s'th term of -23300, -23847, -24766, -26057, -27720?
-186*s**2 + 11*s - 23125
What is the t'th term of -383058, -766117, -1149174, -1532229, -1915282?
t**2 - 383062*t + 3
What is the r'th term of -3414799, -3414797, -3414795, -3414793?
2*r - 3414801
What is the m'th term of -145266, -288498, -431730?
-143232*m - 2034
What is the b'th term of -481, -3448, -11469, -27058, -52729, -90996, -144373, -215374?
-419*b**3 - 13*b**2 + 5*b - 54
What is the o'th term of -1539, -4405, -8591, -14091, -20899, -29009?
o**3 - 666*o**2 - 875*o + 1
What is the y'th term of -335761, -334925, -334089, -333253, -332417?
836*y - 336597
What is the r'th term of -9288701, -18577401, -27866101, -37154801?
-9288700*r - 1
What is the n'th term of 14898, 59581, 134052, 238311?
14894*n**2 + n + 3
What is the f'th term of -30049, -30274, -30489, -30688, -30865, -31014?
f**3 - f**2 - 229*f - 29820
What is the c'th term of -4498, -18004, -40560, -72202, -112966, -162888, -222004, -290350?
-6*c**3 - 4489*c**2 + 3*c - 6
What is the m'th term of 3240, 14321, 33228, 59967, 94544?
m**3 + 3907*m**2 - 647*m - 21
What is the d'th term of -6954, -28203, -63584, -113097, -176742?
-7066*d**2 - 51*d + 163
What is the s'th term of 229181, 459711, 690241, 920771, 1151301?
230530*s - 1349
What is the k'th term of 2720, 4207, 5696, 7187, 8680, 10175?
k**2 + 1484*k + 1235
What is the f'th term of 1489, 695, -99?
-794*f + 2283
What is the r'th term of -63471196, -63471214, -63471234, -63471256, -63471280, -63471306?
-r**2 - 15*r - 63471180
What is the u'th term of -4163, -3889, -3615, -3341, -3067, -2793?
274*u - 4437
What is the j'th term of -111, 820, 3393, 8430, 16753, 29184, 46545?
137*j**3 - j**2 - 25*j - 222
What is the q'th term of 315085, 1260323, 2835721, 5041279, 7876997, 11342875?
315080*q**2 - 2*q + 7
What is the t'th term of 6835, 8379, 9921, 11461, 12999, 14535, 16069?
-t**2 + 1547*t + 5289
What is the s'th term of 9861, 12446, 16755, 22788, 30545, 40026?
862*s**2 - s + 9000
What is the g'th term of 1420, 894, -508, -3224, -7692, -14350?
-73*g**3 - 15*g + 1508
What is the u'th term of -98486656, -98486652, -98486648?
4*u - 98486660
What is the l'th term of -6435, -7266, -8093, -8916, -9735, -10550?
2*l**2 - 837*l - 5600
What is the i'th term of 5608, 11631, 17652, 23671?
-i**2 + 6026*i - 417
What is the u'th term of 1245, 2275, 3111, 3753, 4201?
-97*u**2 + 1321*u + 21
What is the k'th term of 6866, 27499, 61890, 110039?
6879*k**2 - 4*k - 9
What is the d'th term of 10008, 40017, 90032, 160053, 250080, 360113?
10003*d**2 + 5
What is the u'th term of 1753, 1714, 1531, 1132, 445, -602, -2081?
-12*u**3 + 45*u + 1720
What is the t'th term of 1463, 1372, 1281?
-91*t + 1554
What is the m'th term of 2196140, 4392284, 6588422, 8784548, 10980656?
-m**3 + 3*m**2 + 2196142*m - 4
What is the t'th term of 16258, 65175, 146702, 260833, 407562?
-t**3 + 16311*t**2 - 9*t - 43
What is the m'th term of -160111683, -160111681, -160111679, -160111677?
2*m - 160111685
What is the z'th term of 740550, 740541, 740532, 740523?
-9*z + 740559
What is the r'th term of 2 |
Gastrointestinal endometriosis. Incidence and indications for resection.
Of 1573 consecutive patients with endometriosis diagnosed at laparoscopy or celiotomy, 85 patients (5.4%) had gastrointestinal involvement and 11 patients (0.7%) required bowel resection due to recurrent gastrointestinal symptoms (usually obstructive in nature) and/or suspicion of malignancy. Of 63 patients with gastrointestinal involvement at sites other than the appendix, who did not undergo bowel resection, only two patients had gastrointestinal symptoms at the time of diagnosis (neither patient had obstructive symptoms); follow-up has revealed that only one patient subsequently developed significant gastrointestinal symptoms. Fifteen patients had appendiceal endometriosis, but none had symptoms suggestive of appendicitis. Indications for resection of gastrointestinal endometriosis include the presence of clear-cut obstructive symptoms or the inability to exclude malignancy. The absence of gastrointestinal symptoms appears to be predictive of the absence of clinically significant intestinal endometriosis, and bowel resection is not indicated in the asymptomatic patient. Appendiceal endometriosis appears to be an incidental finding and one that is not clinically important. |
Xsan
Xsan () is Apple Inc.'s storage area network (SAN) or clustered file system for macOS. Xsan enables multiple Mac desktop and Xserve systems to access shared block storage over a Fibre Channel network. With the Xsan file system installed, these computers can read and write to the same storage volume at the same time. Xsan is a complete SAN solution that includes the metadata controller software, the file system client software, and integrated setup, management and monitoring tools.
Xsan has all the normal features to be expected in an enterprise shared disk file system, including support for large files and file systems, multiple mounted file systems, metadata controller failover for fault tolerance, and support for multiple operating systems.
Interoperability
Xsan is based on the StorNext File System made by Quantum Corporation. The StorNext File System and the Xsan file system share the same file system layout and the same protocol when talking to the metadata server. They also seem to share a common code base or very close development based on the new features developed for both file systems.
The Xsan website claims complete interoperability with the StorNext File System: "And because Xsan is completely interoperable with Quantum’s StorNext File System, you can even provide clients on Windows, Linux, and other UNIX platforms with direct Fibre Channel block-level access to the data in your Xsan-managed storage pool."
Quantum Corporation claims: "Complete interoperability with Apple’s Xsan and Promise RAID and Allows Xsan and Xserve RAID to support AIX, HP-UX, IRIX, Red Hat Linux, SuSE Linux, Mac OS X, Solaris, and Windows clients, including support for 64 Bit Windows and Windows Vista."
Some of the command line tools for Xsan begin with the letters cv, which stand for CentraVision – the original name for the file system. XSan clients use TCP ports 49152–65535, with TCP/63146 frequently showing in log files.
Data representation
Xsan file system uses several logical storages to distribute information. The two main classes of information appear on Xsan: the user data (such as files) and the file system metadata (such as folders, file names, file allocation information and so on). Most configurations use different storages for data and metadata.
The file system supports dynamic expansion and distribution of both data and metadata areas.
History
On January 4, 2005, Apple announced shipping of Xsan.
In May 2006, Apple released Xsan 1.2 with support for volume sizes of nearly 2 petabytes.
On August 7, 2006, Apple announced Xsan 1.4, which is available for Intel-based Macintosh computers as a Universal binary and supports file system access control lists.
On December 5, 2006, Apple released Xsan 1.4.1.
On October 18, 2007, Apple released Xsan 1.4.2, which resolves several reliability and compatibility issues.
On February 19, 2008, Apple released Xsan 2, the first major update, which introduces MultiSAN, and completely redesigned administration tools. 2.1 was introduced on June 10, 2008. 2.1.1 was introduced on October 15, 2008. 2.2 was released September 14, 2009.
On July 20, 2011, Apple released Xsan 2.3, included in Mac OS X Lion. This was the first version of Xsan included with macOS.
On August 25, 2011, Apple released Xsan 2.2.2, which brought along several reliability fixes.
On July 25, 2012, Apple released Xsan 3, included in OS X Mountain Lion.
On October 17, 2014, Apple released Xsan 4 with OS X Yosemite.
On September 20, 2016, Apple released Xsan 5 with macOS Sierra and macOS Server 5.2.
References
Krypted.com Xsan Tutorials and Documentation
External links
Apple's Xsan page
Category:Shared disk file systems
Category:Apple Inc. file systems
Category:Apple Inc. software |
Q:
Matplotlib Scatter plot change color based on value on list
I'm quite new to matplotlib and i would like to know how we can change color of points on a scatter plot based on the value in a list.
In fact, I have a 2-D array that I want to plot and a list with the same number of rows containing, for each point, the color we want to use.
#Example
data = np.array([4.29488806,-5.34487081],
[3.63116248,-2.48616998],
[-0.56023222,-5.89586997],
[-0.51538502,-2.62569576],
[-4.08561754,-4.2870525 ],
[-0.80869722,10.12529582])
colors = ['red','red','red','blue','red','blue']
ax1.plot(data[:,0],data[:,1],'o',picker=True)
How to set the color parameter to fit my list of colors ?
A:
Using a line plot plt.plot()
plt.plot() does only allow for a single color. So you may simply loop over the data and colors and plot each point individually.
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
data = np.array([[4.29488806,-5.34487081],
[3.63116248,-2.48616998],
[-0.56023222,-5.89586997],
[-0.51538502,-2.62569576],
[-4.08561754,-4.2870525 ],
[-0.80869722,10.12529582]])
colors = ['red','red','red','blue','red','blue']
for xy, color in zip(data, colors):
ax.plot(xy[0],xy[1],'o',color=color, picker=True)
plt.show()
Using scatter plot plt.scatter()
In order to produce a scatter plot, use scatter. This has an argument c, which allows numerous ways of setting the colors of the scatter points.
(a) One easy way is to supply a list of colors.
colors = ['red','red','red','blue','red','blue']
ax.scatter(data[:,0],data[:,1],c=colors,marker="o", picker=True)
(b) Another option is to supply a list of data and map the data to color using a colormap
colors = [0,0,0,1,0,1] #red is 0, blue is 1
ax.scatter(data[:,0],data[:,1],c=colors,marker="o", cmap="bwr_r")
A:
You have to set argument c of plt.scatter with a list of desired colors:
import matplotlib.pylab as plt
import numpy as np
data = np.array([[4.29488806,-5.34487081],
[3.63116248,-2.48616998],
[-0.56023222,-5.89586997],
[-0.51538502,-2.62569576],
[-4.08561754,-4.2870525 ],
[-0.80869722,10.12529582]])
colors = ['red','red','red','blue','red','blue']
plt.scatter(data[:,0],data[:,1],marker='o',c = colors)
plt.show()
|
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<view class="weui-cells__title">发送内容（以下字段可自由适配）</view>
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|
Q:
in spite of everyone playing or in spite of playing
1.In spite of everyone playing well, we lost the game.
2.In spite of playing well, we lost the game.
Which is better? I prefer 2#. I think "everyone" and "we" are the same in this sentence.
A:
Your understanding of your two sentences is correct.
"Everyone" is implied in the second sentence due to "we".
Your second sentence is shorter and would probably be preferred by a native speaker. It could be further shortened to
Despite playing well, we lost the game.
|
Q:
Regex for Alphanumeric, spaces and symbols, Doesn't match like i need
I want to make a regular expression that matches :
-alphanumeric with spaces
-these symbols and letters
á é í ó ú ñ Ñ ,.( ) ! - + % $
I tried with this, but it didn't match like i need:
[\w áéíóúñÑ,.\(\)\!\-\+\%\$]
What's wrong in this regex??
I'm using knockoutjs with knockout validation
.extend({pattern:{message:"No valid.",params:"[\w áéíóúñÑ,.\(\)\!\-\+\%\$]"}});
tested on chrome, firefox, IE10 and Safari browser.
A:
You need to escape the special \ escape character to place an actual \ in the string. Also, you do not need to escape all these characters, just the ones that have a special meaning within the brackets.
Try with:
"[\\w áéíóúñÑ,.()!\\-+%$]"
this pass ----> "||°°dafsasdf" but this didnt pass the valid --->
"||°°"
Oh, it's because right now as long as a single character in the string matches the regex, it will pass. You have to create a whole pattern match with a defined start and end.
"^[\\w áéíóúñÑ,.()!\\-+%$]*$"
|
Introduction {#s1}
============
Evidence-based veterinary medicine (EVM) can be defined as 'the use of current best evidence in making clinical decisions' ([@R4]). Additionally, when making evidence-based decisions, the circumstances of the patient alongside the circumstances and values of the owner must also be taken into consideration ([@R3]). Although EVM was first mentioned in 1998 ([@R19]), it is less advanced than in the medical field in relation to the availability of synthesised evidence and the support available for the integration of evidence by clinicians into their practice ([@R10]). The first step in EVM is to identify relevant answerable questions ([@R29]), and veterinary clinicians have a crucial role in highlighting these ([@R25], [@R12]). By identifying what common species and conditions clinicians experience in practice, researchers can prioritise studies so that a large proportion of the profession will gain from future studies.
To our knowledge, few published studies describe the entire veterinary population (including both practising and non-practising members) and what species and conditions practitioners commonly encounter. A comprehensive survey of veterinarians in the UK was conducted by the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons (RCVS) in 2010 where it was reported that the species veterinary clinicians mostly worked with were dogs, cats, horses, cattle and rabbits ([@R23]). Another study by [@R17] found that cats were more commonly seen than dogs in small and mixed animal practice in The Netherlands. Conditions seen in practice in the United States were investigated by [@R18] who found that the most common clinical finding was dental calculus followed by gingivitis from 120,000 consultations in cats and dogs. [@R16] found that the majority of clinical time in equine practice was spent on lameness and reproduction in The Netherlands.
The aim of this study was to describe the UK veterinary population, and what species and conditions veterinary clinicians think they commonly encounter in practice. A second aim was to gather data relating to how much information veterinary clinicians perceived was available for these species.
Materials and methods {#s2}
=====================
Population of interest {#s2a}
----------------------
The target population was all members of the veterinary profession within the UK. The sampling frame was the RCVS register of members. All veterinary surgeons legally practicing in the UK must be registered with the RCVS. This register incorporates individuals, including non-practicing and retired individuals, who have consented for their details to be made available to external organisations for research or marketing purposes. A questionnaire was used to collect data from individuals on this register. As a census of all individuals on the list was conducted, a sample size calculation was not carried out.
Questionnaire structure {#s2b}
-----------------------
Several methods were employed to increase response rates, including a mixed-mode survey design (utilising both paper-based and online methods) ([@R8], [@R26], [@R6]). The questionnaire was made up of 36 questions and had four main sections; a copy of the questionnaire is available on request. The questions in the first section concerned the collection of demographic information about respondents. The second section was made up of open questions requiring clinicians to nominate up to four species they most frequently encountered, and the three main conditions or complaints they thought they saw most commonly in those species with associated perceived information levels ([Fig 1](#VETREC2013101745F1){ref-type="fig"}). The other two sections are not discussed here and will appear in a separate manuscript. Questions were constructed using recommendations from several resources to optimise clarity, minimise ambiguity and to avoid leading terminology ([@R7], [@R13], [@R31], [@R14], [@R9], [@R28], [@R2], [@R6]).
{#VETREC2013101745F1}
Questionnaire development and distribution {#s2c}
------------------------------------------
Pretesting of the survey questions was carried out by researchers within the Centre for Evidence-based Veterinary Medicine (CEVM). Piloting of the survey was carried out three times (24 and 25 people, respectively, for paper version and once transferred to the online format, 8 people for online version) with a combination of private veterinarians, academic veterinarians, veterinary specialists and government veterinarians. Formatting of the questionnaire was carried out using TeleForm V.10.5.2 (Verity Inc. 2010), an automated content capture system. This programme enables scanning of completed questionnaires to facilitate entry of closed question data (open question data was manually entered) into a Microsoft Office Access V.14.0.6 (2010 Microsoft Corporation) database automatically. The software of Cvent (2011 Cvent Inc.), an online survey company, was used to construct the online version of the finalised paper questionnaire.
The questionnaires were printed on magnolia coloured paper to make them easily identifiable against white paper. White envelopes were printed with the CEVM logo and the words 'THIS IS A SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH STUDY. THIS IS NOT JUNK MAIL, AN APPEAL FOR DONATIONS OR MARKET RESEARCH' to make it distinguishable from marketing mailings. A pen, chocolate and a return postage paid envelope were included and a prize incentive was offered (£500 towards the continuing professional development course/s of choice). If participants filled in the online version, they had an extra chance of winning £50 worth of department store vouchers.
The RCVS mailing list was obtained in October 2010. An initial mailing was posted to all individuals on this list between 1st and 5th November 2010; a link to Cvent was included allowing participants to choose to complete either an online or paper version of the questionnaire. A first reminder was sent six weeks later to non-responders followed by a second copy of the questionnaire 10 weeks later for those still not responding.
Data entry {#s2d}
----------
Returned paper-based questionnaires were scanned using Teleform, with the system set to check 10 per cent of questionnaires to enable the detection of scanning errors. Questionnaires were accepted from respondents until scanning was completed (November 2011); coding of the common conditions and complaints was completed in May 2012. Responses received electronically were downloaded into a Microsoft Excel V.14.0.6 (2010 Microsoft Corporation) document from Cvent and integrated into a Microsoft Access V.14.0.6 (2010 Microsoft Corporation) database with the paper responses.
Data coding {#s2e}
-----------
Data relating to the common conditions or complaints nominated by veterinary clinicians were classified according to species and type of condition. Classification definitions were primarily based on those created by N. J. [@R24], with some modifications for suitability across all species. Species were coded according to animal or production type (see online supplementary Appendix 1). The type of condition or complaint was coded according to the category it was most relevant to in relation to either body system (eg, musculoskeletal) or topic (eg, behaviour) (see online supplementary Appendix 2). This was further broken down to another level of classification which more specifically described the nature of the problem (see online supplementary Appendix 3), resulting in two levels of classification for each condition or complaint (eg, Musculoskeletal-ligament). Additionally, the condition or complaint was coded into a 'type' according to whether it was a disease, a clinical sign the animal might be presented for, or was deemed unclassifiable (see online supplementary Appendix 4).
One researcher (MLB) coded all conditions. If conditions were unknown to the coder or required clarification, the online resource Merck Veterinary Manual ([@R20]) was used. A second veterinary resource (eg, textbook, online veterinary resource, colleagues, Google 2012) was used if the condition was not found in the first resource. A Microsoft Excel V.14.0.6 (2010 Microsoft Corporation) spreadsheet of coding was created to maintain consistency for the same complaints or conditions. At the end of the coding process, a second researcher (TDN) identified any discrepancies between similar conditions, and conferred with the first researcher (MLB).
Data management and analysis {#s2f}
----------------------------
The dataset was transferred to a Microsoft Excel V.14.0.6 (2010 Microsoft Corporation) document for data management. Frequency tables and graphs were generated in Excel and RStudio (R Core Team 2011). A posthoc sample size analysis was performed using Raosoft ([www.raosoft.com/samplesize.html](www.raosoft.com/samplesize.html)). There was a high degree of correlation between observations for perceived information level within clinician and species. In order to account for this clustering, the median perceived information level within species for each veterinarian was calculated. A χ^2^ test (excluding 'don\'t know' observations) was then used to determine if perceived information level was different between species. The level of statistical significance was set at P\<0.05. Some questions were left unanswered by participants, therefore, the number of responses per question could be less than the total number of respondents; the number of respondents per question is identified where appropriate.
This project received ethical approval from the ethics research committee at the School of Veterinary Medicine and Science at The University of Nottingham.
Results {#s3}
=======
Response rate {#s3a}
-------------
Of the 14,532 questionnaires distributed, 5407 (37 per cent) were returned. Of these: 259 were return to sender, 230 were retired veterinarians, 72 were returned blank, 3 stated that the veterinarian was deceased and 1 was blank except for one comment box. Therefore, 4842 responses (33%; CI 32% to 35%) could be used in the analysis. Posthoc analysis revealed with a population size of 14,532, working on a margin of error of 2 per cent and a confidence level of 99 per cent (with a response distribution of 50 per cent), the sample size required in order to draw meaningful conclusions from the data was 3227. The majority of responses were returned in the form of paper-based questionnaires (3775/4842; 78 per cent).
General respondent information {#s3b}
------------------------------
Of the respondents, 59 per cent (2856/4828) were female. The median age of all respondents was 37 years; for female respondents median age was 33 years (IQR 29--42), and for males it was 46 years (IQR 34--56). Approximately 78 per cent of respondents graduated in the UK (3759/4797; [Table 1](#VETREC2013101745TB1){ref-type="table"}) with 22 per cent (1038/4797) graduating abroad. Of the 1038 overseas graduates, the largest groups graduated in Ireland (154; 15 per cent) and Australia (114; 11 per cent).
######
Distribution of respondents graduating from UK vet schools and those training overseas (n=4797)
Vet school Bristol Cambridge Edinburgh Glasgow Liverpool London Overseas
------------ --------- ----------- ----------- --------- ----------- -------- ----------
Number 582 499 626 583 608 861 1038
\% 12 10 13 12 13 18 22
In total, 1914 (40 per cent of 4835) of the respondents declared that they had one or more postgraduate qualification. The highest proportion (778; 16 per cent) had an academic degree (eg, BSc, MSc, PhD). Furthermore, 738 (15 per cent) had a RCVS certificate, a General Practitioner certificate or fellowship; 271 (6 per cent) had a Master of Business and 270 (6 per cent) had a diploma (either RCVS or European). The majority of respondents undertook clinical work (3982/4835; 82 per cent) with 76 per cent (3674/4835) of respondents working in private practice ([Table 2](#VETREC2013101745TB2){ref-type="table"}). Most veterinary clinicians reported they worked with small animals, with the second largest group working with small animals, equine and production animals ([Table 3](#VETREC2013101745TB3){ref-type="table"}).
######
Type of workplace for respondents (n=4835 respondents)\*
Type of workplace Number Per cent
------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------- ----------
Private practice 3674 76
University practice or education 277 6
Government (including Veterinary Laboratories Agency and Animal Health) 248 5
Charity 221 5
Research (university or institute) 171 4
Career break 153 3
Other 147 3
Meat inspection 139 3
Outside profession 117 2
Industry (eg, pharmaceutical or feed company) 91 2
Pathology/clinical pathology laboratory 70 1
Army 15 \<1
\*Respondents could nominate more than one category
######
Type of animal practice undertaken by veterinary clinicians (n=3921 respondents\*)
Species Number Per cent
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------- ----------
Small animal (including rabbits and exotics) 2266 58
Small animal and production animal† and equine 507 13
Equine 311 8
Small animal or production animal† or equine and laboratory animal or zoo animal or other 290 7
Production animal† 178 5
Small animal and production animal† 172 4
Small animal and equine 90 2
Equine and production animal† 64 2
Laboratory animal or zoo animal or other 43 1
\*Only 3921/3982 respondents who did clinical work stated what type of animal practice they undertook
†Ruminants/pigs/poultry
Common species and conditions or complaints {#s3c}
-------------------------------------------
Overall, 36,504 conditions or complaints were mentioned by 3982 respondents undertaking clinical work. Conditions in dogs and cats were most frequently mentioned ([Fig 2](#VETREC2013101745F2){ref-type="fig"}). Skin was a commonly mentioned body system, as well as the gastrointestinal and musculoskeletal systems ([Table 4](#VETREC2013101745TB4){ref-type="table"}).
######
The seven most common species and the three main body systems or topics mentioned by veterinary clinicians performing clinical work (n=3982)\*
Species Per cent of veterinary clinicians (3982) Number of conditions per species Body system/Topic Number of conditions per body system Per cent of conditions per species
------------ ------------------------------------------ ---------------------------------- ------------------- -------------------------------------- ------------------------------------
Dog 81 9606
Skin 3064 32
Gastrointestinal 2735 28
Musculoskeletal 1742 18
Cat 78 9251
Skin 2467 27
Non-specific 1272 14
Urinary 1123 12
Rabbit 54 6410
Dental 1918 30
Skin 1619 25
Gastrointestinal 974 15
Equine 21 2498
Musculoskeletal 899 36
Gastrointestinal 512 20
Respiratory 336 13
Cattle 21 2463
Reproduction 1085 44
Respiratory 379 15
Non-specific 344 14
Guinea pig 17 1974
Skin 743 38
Non-specific 365 18
Dental 346 18
Sheep 11 1228
Reproduction 360 29
Non-specific 282 23
Musculoskeletal 229 19
Non-specific body systems or topics related to conditions that were either too general to belong to one category (eg, nutrition problems) or could fit into more than one category (eg, bacterial infection)
\*Veterinary clinicians were asked to mention up to four species that they worked with and three conditions for each species. See online supplementary Appendices 1, 2 and 3 for further details on condition classification
{#VETREC2013101745F2}
The most commonly mentioned body systems or topics for the most frequently mentioned species were analysed further ([Fig 3](#VETREC2013101745F3){ref-type="fig"}a,b). The 'Skin-skin' category for dogs and cats contained responses such as 'dermatitis' and 'pruritus'; for dogs it also commonly contained 'atopy', and for cats, 'cat bite abscess'. The 'Skin-non-specific' category for both species included responses such as 'skin disease', 'skin problems' or just 'skin'. The 'Dental-dental' category for rabbits commonly included the responses 'dental disease' and 'dental malocclusion', the 'Dental-non-specific' category included 'teeth' or 'dental problems' and 'Dental-oral' included 'oral' or 'mouth disease'. The 'Skin-non-specific' category in guinea pigs commonly contained responses such as 'skin disease', 'skin problems' and 'skin'. The 'Skin-skin' category in guinea pigs contained more specific responses such as 'pruritus', 'dermatitis' and 'abscesses'. For cattle, the response 'mastitis' relating to the category 'Reproduction-mammary' was the most commonly nominated for reproductive conditions. 'Reproduction-non-specific' in cattle included responses such as 'fertility problems' and 'infertility'; 'Reproduction-reproduction' contained complaints such as 'dystocia' and 'calvings'. In sheep, the category 'Reproduction-reproduction' incorporated responses such as 'lambing', 'dystocia', 'abortion' and 'twin lamb disease'. The 'Reproduction-non-specific' sheep category contained less specific terms such as 'obstetrics', 'fertility' and 'parturition problems'. For equines, most responses were classified into 'Musculoskeletal-musculoskeletal', and were exclusively related to 'lameness'; the 'Musculoskeletal-non-specific' category contained responses such as 'foot abscess' or hoof abscess\', 'orthopaedics' and 'back pain'.
{#VETREC2013101745F3}
Type of common condition or complaint {#s3d}
-------------------------------------
Cats had a higher proportion of responses classified as 'Disease' (eg, hypothyroidism; 20 per cent), but a lower proportion of conditions classified as 'Clinical sign' (eg, weight loss) when compared with other species ([Fig 4](#VETREC2013101745F4){ref-type="fig"}). Sheep had the highest proportion of conditions classified as 'Clinical sign' (eg, lameness; 51 per cent) while equines had the highest proportion of observations in the 'Both' category (30 per cent), which relates to conditions that could be considered a clinical sign but are used as a disease description (eg, colic). A high proportion of responses regarding dental issues in rabbits and the respiratory system in equines and cattle were classified as 'Unclassifiable'. This category was for those conditions that could not be classified (eg, zoonoses) or if the terminology was too vague to be considered either a clinical sign or a specific disease (eg, production diseases). Overall, a higher proportion of conditions in rabbits (eg, skin; 53 per cent) and guinea pigs (eg, lumps; 57 per cent) were classified into the 'Unclassifiable' group than the average for all species (41 per cent).
{#VETREC2013101745F4}
The type of classification was compared with the three most common body system or topic groups for each species (using the categories in [Table 4](#VETREC2013101745TB4){ref-type="table"}). Very few conditions could be classified into the 'Disease' category. Musculoskeletal conditions in sheep (eg, lameness) were almost exclusively classified as 'Clinical sign' ([Fig 5](#VETREC2013101745F5){ref-type="fig"}). Dental conditions in guinea pigs (eg, teeth problems) and rabbits (eg, dental disease) and respiratory conditions in cattle (eg, respiratory) had the highest proportion of 'Unclassifiable' conditions.
{#VETREC2013101745F5}
Perceived information level for conditions or complaints {#s3e}
--------------------------------------------------------
Generally, respondents thought that there was a lot of information about approximately 60 per cent of the nominated conditions for cattle, equines and dogs, in contrast with rabbits and guinea pigs at 18 per cent and 5 per cent, respectively ([Fig 6](#VETREC2013101745F6){ref-type="fig"}). After investigating if the perceived information level was similar for the different species, there was significantly less perceived information available for guinea pigs and rabbits, and more for dogs, cattle and equines, and to some extent, cats (P\<0.0001; data not shown).
{#VETREC2013101745F6}
Discussion {#s4}
==========
Our findings of the species and conditions reported to be commonly seen in veterinary practice were similar to previous reports ([@R17], [@R18], [@R11], N. J. [@R24]) as dental conditions in rabbits and guinea pigs and skin conditions in small animal practice were highlighted in these studies. However, some studies have shown that the most common presentation in small animal practice is for preventive medicine ([@R11]) which was not found in the current study. This difference could be due to the fact that preventive medicine may not be seen by veterinary clinicians as a condition or complaint, which was how these questions were phrased. Reproductive conditions, particularly mastitis in cattle, were most frequently mentioned for sheep and cattle, which is similar to results found from a Swedish study using information from a cattle database (Mörk and others 2009). Conditions relating to the musculoskeletal body system in equines have also been commonly found in a study by [@R16]. The minor differences in species and conditions in this study compared to earlier studies, could be due to different data collection methods. Results in this study are based on which species and conditions or complaints veterinary clinicians nominated as seeing commonly in practice. This could result in conditions recently encountered or those that are difficult to deal with being reported rather than what is actually seen commonly. However, the previous studies highlight similar results, suggesting that clinicians are likely to be acutely aware of the caseload they see, and therefore, are well placed to highlight areas for further research that would be of benefit to the profession.
Classification of common conditions with regards to disease versus clinical sign appeared to be species and body system dependent. It is unclear why this is the case, and requires further investigation; it is possible this could be partially explained by the variability in how different types of client present their animals (eg, pet owner versus farmer). Species and body systems with high percentages of conditions in the 'unclassifiable' category could represent a number of things. It could be a reflection of the complexities of certain conditions, for example, respiratory disease complex in cattle, or could be an indication of a lack of evidence behind certain conditions in certain species, for example, dental disease in guinea pigs. It could also identify areas where least specific terminology is being used and may indicate areas of uncertainty for clinicians, potentially highlighting areas where further research is required.
The perception by individual veterinary clinicians of the available levels of information available for the nominated common conditions was found to be similar within species. This suggests that some vets may be more aware of the existing evidence than others. Overall, there was perceived to be a lower amount of information available for guinea pigs and rabbits compared with other species. This could be due to a lack of access to information, lack of familiarity with the information available, or an actual lack of published information about these species. Further work is needed to quantify the amount and quality of information available for each species which is accessible to veterinarians to determine the reason for this result.
Study limitations {#s4a}
-----------------
As veterinarians can opt out of being contacted by third-party organisations, our sample did not include all RCVS registered veterinarians. It is unknown whether the non-responders possess particular characteristics which are different to the responders (non-responders were not followed up due to feasibility restrictions). Additional information would need to be gathered to assess the bias that may have occurred by the self-selection of respondents (eg, individuals interested in EVM may be more likely to reply) ([@R27], [@R30], [@R15]). However, responses were received from individuals from a variety of different age groups and occupations, and the distribution of work places and proportion of women (once retirees were excluded) was similar to that found by the RCVS ([@R23]). Similar response rates have been reported in other studies ([@R1], [@R5], [@R32]), although it has been recommended that care be taken when interpreting results with response rates less than 70 per cent ([@R28]). The posthoc calculation (and CI) indicated that the sample size obtained was likely to be adequate to draw meaningful conclusions about the data; however this calculation may not be appropriate for all questions. Clinicians were asked what percentage of their working time was spent on 1st opinion, 2nd opinion and referral cases. Because of the design of the question, it was not possible to distinguish clearly between clinicians working with 2nd opinion and referral cases. However, very few respondents stated that they spent a considerable percentage of their working time with these types of cases, therefore, the vast majority of responses were from 1st opinion clinicians. We requested that participants only nominated up to four species they most frequently saw, and three conditions per species. It is possible that if more than this number had been requested the results may have appeared differently though it is likely that the main species and conditions have been captured. The way the nominated conditions were coded could have influenced the results found here. However, attempts were made to improve consistency and repeatability as outlined. No attempt was made to define what was meant by 'published veterinary information' which could also have resulted in varying interpretations by respondents, particularly as evidence quality was not assessed as part of this study.
Conclusion {#s5}
==========
This study highlights specific areas in which research could be pertinent for veterinarians in the UK; skin conditions were mentioned frequently in small animals, and reproductive conditions and musculoskeletal conditions in cattle and sheep, and equines, respectively. There is a perception that little information exists for certain species; further research is required to identify whether this information exists and if it is accessible to veterinarians to aid decision making in practice.
Supplementary Material
======================
###### Web supplement
###### Web supplement
###### Web supplement
###### Web supplement
**Correction notice:** This article has been corrected since it was published Online First. The first sentence of the discussion was amended for clarity.
**Acknowledgements:** The authors wish to thank the veterinarians who participated in the survey. The Centre for Evidence-based Veterinary Medicine is supported by an unrestricted grant from The University of Nottingham and Novartis Animal Health.
[^1]: Provenance: Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed
|
Is SXC Health Overtaking RIM as Canada’s Biggest Tech Success Story?
SXC Health CEO Mark Thierer on CNBC's Powerlunch. Under Thierer, SXC revenue has grown from under $100 million to $5 billion.
We’ll forgive you if haven’t yet heard their name. After all, as late as 2004 this Milton, Ontario company was plodding along more than a decade after it was founded with just $33 million in revenue. There was no big, splashy Bay Street IPO; the company went public in a reverse takeover of a publicly listed shell, allowing it to raise a relatively meager $10 million in 1997.
In February, however, SXC Health (TSX:SXC) reported its fiscal 2011 results and the numbers surprised even its most ardent supporters. SXC’s revenue grew a whopping 155% to $5 billion, from $1.9 billion in 2010. Earnings were up too, increasing 45% to $166.4 million.
This story is brought to you by Serenic (TSXV:SER). Serenic’s market cap of $3.18 million (as of January 27th, 2012) was less than its cash position of $4.03 million (as of Q2, 2012). The company has no debt. Click here for more information.
SXC Health, alongside US-based companies such as Medco and Caremark, is a leader in the Pharmacy Benefit Management space. PBM’s process and pay prescription drug claims and act as an intermediary between the health care system and the claimant. The space has grown rapidly; today more than more than 210 million Americans receive drug benefits administered by PBMs. With today’s $4.4-billion acquisition of Catalyst Health, SXC has vaulted itself into the arena of the big boys. On BNN today, Versant analyst Tom Liston said, with SXC acquiring $299-million in EBITDA next year, the Catalyst Health deal is “transformational”.
For many observers of Canadian tech, the timing of SXC’s rise couldn’t be better. 2011 was, without doubt, Research in Motion’s worst year. The company’s entry into the tablet space, The BlackBerry PlayBook, was widely regarded as a flop, and RIM continued to lose market share in the mobile device sector.
RIM’s current problems are well documented. But between 2008 and fiscal 2011 the company’s revenue more than tripled; from $6 billion to $19.9 billion. In 2012, however, RIM’s revenue growth has completely stalled; nine months revenue was down to $14.24 billion from $14.35 billion a year prior. Even more concerning is the fact that gross margins are eroding, from 44.4% in 2011 to 36.3%.
The space between SXC’s $5 billion in revenue and RIM’s near $20 billion is a wide chasm. But with RIM’s future looking uncertain in a increasingly competitive space, the gap may tighten quickly. Before today’s deal, Versant analyst Tom Liston thought SXC’s revenue will grow to $8.2 billion in fiscal 2013. SXC is the Versant analyst’s top pick, and the stock he says is simply a “must own”.
But is there there room in the Pharmacy Benefit Management space for SXC to continue its torrid growth? In 2010, CEO Mark Thierer told Cantech Letter’s Nick Waddell that he believes there are still “great growth opportunities within the U.S. market for SXC…” and that the company would not have necessarily have to look outside the US anytime soon because “…approximately 40 percent of the worldwide pharmaceutical sales, the EU 35 percent and the rest of the world is the remainder.”
And although SXC most direct competitors are not as vertically aligned as SXC, their numbers dwarf even RIM’s topline. Medco’s fiscal 2011 revenues increased 6.2% to a record $70.1 billion. With 2011 revenues of $107 billion, CVS Caremark is even bigger.
While the slide of RIM’s share price has perhaps been disproportionate to the slide in its business fortunes, shareholders are continuing to gain confidence in SXC Health’s stunning rise, which began through the recession of 2008 and hasn’t stopped. On March 14, 2008 shares of SXC on the NASDAQ could be had for $5.22. At press time, SXC was trading, on the TSX, at $85.58.
About Nick Waddell
Cantech Letter founder and editor Nick Waddell has lived in five Canadian provinces and is proud of his country's often overlooked contributions to the world of science and technology. Waddell takes a regular shift on the Canadian media circuit, making appearances on CTV, CBC and BNN, and contributing to publications such as Canadian Business and Business Insider. |
**Zhang X, Bao S, Lai D, Rapkins RW, Gillies MC. Intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide inhibits breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier through differential regulation of VEGF-A and its receptors in early diabetic rat retinas. Diabetes 2008;57:1026--1033**
In the print version of the article listed above, the second affiliation for Xinyuan Zhang is incorrect. The correct affiliation is as follows: Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. The online version reflects these changes.
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// Copyright (C) 2005-2006 The Trustees of Indiana University.
// Use, modification and distribution is subject to the Boost Software
// License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
// http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
// Authors: Douglas Gregor
// Andrew Lumsdaine
#ifndef BOOST_GRAPH_DETAIL_REMOTE_UPDATE_SET_HPP
#define BOOST_GRAPH_DETAIL_REMOTE_UPDATE_SET_HPP
#ifndef BOOST_GRAPH_USE_MPI
#error "Parallel BGL files should not be included unless <boost/graph/use_mpi.hpp> has been included"
#endif
#include <boost/graph/parallel/process_group.hpp>
#include <boost/type_traits/is_convertible.hpp>
#include <vector>
#include <boost/assert.hpp>
#include <boost/optional.hpp>
#include <queue>
namespace boost { namespace graph { namespace detail {
template<typename ProcessGroup>
void do_synchronize(ProcessGroup& pg)
{
using boost::parallel::synchronize;
synchronize(pg);
}
struct remote_set_queued {};
struct remote_set_immediate {};
template<typename ProcessGroup>
class remote_set_semantics
{
BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT
(bool,
queued = (is_convertible<
typename ProcessGroup::communication_category,
boost::parallel::bsp_process_group_tag>::value));
public:
typedef typename mpl::if_c<queued,
remote_set_queued,
remote_set_immediate>::type type;
};
template<typename Derived, typename ProcessGroup, typename Value,
typename OwnerMap,
typename Semantics = typename remote_set_semantics<ProcessGroup>::type>
class remote_update_set;
/**********************************************************************
* Remote updating set that queues messages until synchronization *
**********************************************************************/
template<typename Derived, typename ProcessGroup, typename Value,
typename OwnerMap>
class remote_update_set<Derived, ProcessGroup, Value, OwnerMap,
remote_set_queued>
{
typedef typename property_traits<OwnerMap>::key_type Key;
typedef std::vector<std::pair<Key, Value> > Updates;
typedef typename Updates::size_type updates_size_type;
typedef typename Updates::value_type updates_pair_type;
public:
private:
typedef typename ProcessGroup::process_id_type process_id_type;
enum message_kind {
/** Message containing the number of updates that will be sent in
* a msg_updates message that will immediately follow. This
* message will contain a single value of type
* updates_size_type.
*/
msg_num_updates,
/** Contains (key, value) pairs with all of the updates from a
* particular source. The number of updates is variable, but will
* be provided in a msg_num_updates message that immediately
* preceeds this message.
*
*/
msg_updates
};
struct handle_messages
{
explicit
handle_messages(remote_update_set* self, const ProcessGroup& pg)
: self(self), update_sizes(num_processes(pg), 0) { }
void operator()(process_id_type source, int tag)
{
switch(tag) {
case msg_num_updates:
{
// Receive the # of updates
updates_size_type num_updates;
receive(self->process_group, source, tag, num_updates);
update_sizes[source] = num_updates;
}
break;
case msg_updates:
{
updates_size_type num_updates = update_sizes[source];
BOOST_ASSERT(num_updates);
// Receive the actual updates
std::vector<updates_pair_type> updates(num_updates);
receive(self->process_group, source, msg_updates, &updates[0],
num_updates);
// Send updates to derived "receive_update" member
Derived* derived = static_cast<Derived*>(self);
for (updates_size_type u = 0; u < num_updates; ++u)
derived->receive_update(source, updates[u].first, updates[u].second);
update_sizes[source] = 0;
}
break;
};
}
private:
remote_update_set* self;
std::vector<updates_size_type> update_sizes;
};
friend struct handle_messages;
protected:
remote_update_set(const ProcessGroup& pg, const OwnerMap& owner)
: process_group(pg, handle_messages(this, pg)),
updates(num_processes(pg)), owner(owner) {
}
void update(const Key& key, const Value& value)
{
if (get(owner, key) == process_id(process_group)) {
Derived* derived = static_cast<Derived*>(this);
derived->receive_update(get(owner, key), key, value);
}
else {
updates[get(owner, key)].push_back(std::make_pair(key, value));
}
}
void collect() { }
void synchronize()
{
// Emit all updates and then remove them
process_id_type num_processes = updates.size();
for (process_id_type p = 0; p < num_processes; ++p) {
if (!updates[p].empty()) {
send(process_group, p, msg_num_updates, updates[p].size());
send(process_group, p, msg_updates,
&updates[p].front(), updates[p].size());
updates[p].clear();
}
}
do_synchronize(process_group);
}
ProcessGroup process_group;
private:
std::vector<Updates> updates;
OwnerMap owner;
};
/**********************************************************************
* Remote updating set that sends messages immediately *
**********************************************************************/
template<typename Derived, typename ProcessGroup, typename Value,
typename OwnerMap>
class remote_update_set<Derived, ProcessGroup, Value, OwnerMap,
remote_set_immediate>
{
typedef typename property_traits<OwnerMap>::key_type Key;
typedef std::pair<Key, Value> update_pair_type;
typedef typename std::vector<update_pair_type>::size_type updates_size_type;
public:
typedef typename ProcessGroup::process_id_type process_id_type;
private:
enum message_kind {
/** Contains a (key, value) pair that will be updated. */
msg_update
};
struct handle_messages
{
explicit handle_messages(remote_update_set* self, const ProcessGroup& pg)
: self(self)
{ update_sizes.resize(num_processes(pg), 0); }
void operator()(process_id_type source, int tag)
{
// Receive the # of updates
BOOST_ASSERT(tag == msg_update);
update_pair_type update;
receive(self->process_group, source, tag, update);
// Send update to derived "receive_update" member
Derived* derived = static_cast<Derived*>(self);
derived->receive_update(source, update.first, update.second);
}
private:
std::vector<updates_size_type> update_sizes;
remote_update_set* self;
};
friend struct handle_messages;
protected:
remote_update_set(const ProcessGroup& pg, const OwnerMap& owner)
: process_group(pg, handle_messages(this, pg)), owner(owner) { }
void update(const Key& key, const Value& value)
{
if (get(owner, key) == process_id(process_group)) {
Derived* derived = static_cast<Derived*>(this);
derived->receive_update(get(owner, key), key, value);
}
else
send(process_group, get(owner, key), msg_update,
update_pair_type(key, value));
}
void collect()
{
typedef std::pair<process_id_type, int> probe_type;
handle_messages handler(this, process_group);
while (optional<probe_type> stp = probe(process_group))
if (stp->second == msg_update) handler(stp->first, stp->second);
}
void synchronize()
{
do_synchronize(process_group);
}
ProcessGroup process_group;
OwnerMap owner;
};
} } } // end namespace boost::graph::detail
#endif // BOOST_GRAPH_DETAIL_REMOTE_UPDATE_SET_HPP
|
Frequently Asked Questions
1. Who is providing this test and information?
This health promotion website is provided by the Alcohol Health Network - an independent not-for-profit social enterprise which aims to promote health at work online.
2. Who is this website for?
The AHN is working with the Royal Borough of Kingston's Public Health Department, as well as other local areas / companies to provide individuals with confidential, anonymous and independent online health assessments, helping you to make informed choices about your drinking.
3. What device do I need to do the test?
You can complete the alcohol health check online on a web browser on any computer or smartphone at work, home or anywhere else.
4. What’s the point of doing the test?
The alcohol health check will give you confidential, personalised feedback on your drinking and how your health might be affected. It will help you work out how much you are drinking, whether this is a problem for you and how your drinking compares to the national average.
If you want to make any changes, it will give you help and support in doing that.
5. How accurate is it?
The Drink Test is based on the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test, validated by NICE and the World Health Organisation. The Drink Test website has been approved by Alcohol Health Network’s Advisory Board, made up of academics from University College London.
Websites like Drink Test have been shown to help people to make healthier lifestyle choices.
6. Is it confidential?
Yes. Your alcohol health check, together with advice about how to improve your health is completely free and completely confidential. No one at the Royal Borough of Kingston's Public Health Department will know what you say in your health check, or what feedback we’ve given you.
All the information that you give will be treated in the strictest confidence. The information will be collected and stored in accordance with the Data Protection Act 1998. It will be stored in an anonymised format, so you cannot be identified.
We will provide the Royal Borough of Kingston's Public Health Department with anonymised information on the proportion of people who used the site (ie x% of site users were men or women) and what the average drinking levels were. This will help the Royal Borough of Kingston's Public Health Department plan future health promotions effectively.
7. What if the results show I am drinking too much?
You may get a surprise if the results of the alcohol health check suggest you are at risk of a health problem. If you are worried about your health and you feel you need more advice than we can give online, please go and see your family doctor.
Your doctor has your personal health records and is the person best placed to help you with your health problems. You can also get a list of NHS services here
8. Who do I complain to if I don’t like the website, or contact if I have a query or feedback?
If you have any comments, queries, concerns or complaints about this website, please contact Alcohol Health Network by email on [email protected] |
Blog
Our primary field is set, now that the filing deadline has passed. Two other candidates have also filed to run for the Democratic nomination in Michigan’s 14th District. They’re already actively pursuing a negative campaign against me.
This is my first re-election campaign for Congress. I’ve worked hard — really hard — to do the people’s work, but I need your help. We can’t take this election for granted and I’m working hard to earn every vote. I need you. Together, we can be victorious in 2016.
Support is Building
I’m honored to have recently earned the endorsements of the Michigan State AFL-CIO, United Auto Workers Region 1, Michigan Regional Council of Carpenters and Millwrights, American Federation of Teachers-Michigan, Sheet Metal Workers Local 80, Pipefitters Local 636, Planned Parenthood Action Fund, The Sierra Club and dozens of other community leaders and organizations.
Please let me know if we can add your name to our list of endorsers. To see the current roster, visit www.brendalawrence.com
Opening our Detroit Campaign Office
We’re already out in the community, continuing to build grassroots support.
This Saturday, April 23rd we’re officially opening our Detroit Campaign Office. Please join us for this free event from 1:00 to 3:00 p.m. Its located at 18409 Livernois Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48221.
Building the party organization in preparation for a strong general election effort is very important to me. This office is a joint effort with our 14th District Democratic Organization. At the office opening, we’ll be collecting donations of office supplies to help get it started. Come out and enjoy the food and fellowship!
Cecile Richards is Coming to Michigan
I’m excited to share that on Friday, May 6th Planned Parenthood Action Fund President Cecile Richards will be in town. She’s an amazing progressive leader, fighting every day for women’s health care on the national level.
She’ll be here as a special guest for a reception in support of my campaign. It’ll be a private gathering, but if you’re in the Detroit area that day I’d be honored if you could join us. Are you interested in attending?
Again, I can’t do this alone. I need your help. Together, let’s win this nomination!
If you’re able to donate to my re-election campaign, but unable to give online, please make checks payable to ‘Brenda Lawrence for Congress’ and mail to Post Office Box 3060, Southfield, Michigan 48037. For any questions, you can contact our campaign at [email protected] or (248) 410-0702. |
<a href="https://www.buymeacoffee.com/7eDr4fv" target="_blank"><img src="https://cdn.buymeacoffee.com/buttons/lato-orange.png" alt="Buy Me A Coffee" style="height: 41px !important;width: 174px !important;" ></a>
# 2019-ncov-frontend
> Coronavirus (COVID-19) Frontend
Backend setup can be found here [2019-ncov-api](https://github.com/sorxrob/2019-ncov-api).
## Project setup
```
npm install
```
### Compiles and hot-reloads for development
```
npm run serve
```
### Compiles and minifies for production
```
npm run build
```
### Lints and fixes files
```
npm run lint
```
## License & copyright
© Robert C Soriano
Licensed under the [MIT License](LICENSE).
## Acknowledgments
- Hat tip to anyone who's module was used
- Richard Matsen for radius scale calculation
|
Fort Bragg soldier dies in Afghanistan
The military said Thursday that a Fort Bragg Soldier with the 44th Medical Command died in Afghanistan Dec. 29.
Staff Sgt. Ronald Jay Spino, 45, from Waterbury, Connecticut was assigned to the 274th Forward Surgical Team (Airborne) as a licensed practical nurse.
Officials said Spino was shot while unloading medical supplies in Bala Morghab, village in Badghis Province in northwestern Afghanistan. The incident is under investigation.
"Staff Sergeant Spino was a hardworking, diligent airborne combat medic,” said Col. Scott Putzier, chief of staff, 44th Medical Command. “For those who knew and worked with him, we will remember him as a dedication non-commissioned officer. He was quiet, so when he spoke, everyone listened and were often caught off guard by his sense of humor … he was really funny.”
Spino deployed with his unit to Iraq in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom in February, and was re-missioned to Afghanistan in November. |
I have configured my PayPal account in my Magento website. But even after I publish my website, there were no orders placed. Now I recieved an order from the website, but there is no money transfer to my PayPal account.
I am not sure how to check if PayPal is working correctly or not. Any suggestions or references for me to check?
1 Answer
1
In your Magento admin, go to System -> Paypal. Check to see if "Sandbox mode" is activated in the Payment System you are using.
You can set up Magento and Paypal to work fairly seamlessly together. The easiest is probably to use the Paypal API. Log into your Paypal account and obtain the API username, password and signature, then just copy & paste those into the corresponding fields in the Magento admin.
You can test this by setting up a developer account in Paypal Sandbox. It is a bit difficult to get used to at first, but basically the steps are as follows:
Create a Seller test account. This is a simulated merchant account that will act as the payment receiver.
Create a Buyer test account. This is the simulated customer account that you will use to make test purchases in your store.
Note that you have to create email addresses for each of these accounts. They do not correspond to any real email accounts, and the mail you receive in these is always checked from within the Paypal Sandbox.
Once you have these test accounts, you sign into them from within the Paypal Sandbox. So you would sign into your test Seller account, get the API data mentioned above, and paste it into your Magento admin. (Be sure to set Sandbox mode to "true" in Magento when you are trying this).
In order to be able to make test purchases, you have to be signed into the Paypal Sandbox and have it open in the browser. Note that nobody else will be able to make actual orders through Paypal while you are in Sandbox mode.
You can then go to the public area of your store and purchases using the test Buyer account. If everything goes well, you will be able to see your fake orders placed and registred in the Magento admin area.
As a final note, I recommend having a preproduction version of your store for doing this kind of testing. This means setting up an exact copy of your Magento store (with a recent copy of the database) on another domain and activating it when you are doing testing. |
1. Introduction {#s0005}
===============
Interactions of integral membrane proteins with their surrounding lipid environment play a key role in stabilising their structure and influencing their activity. To obtain insight into the nature and type of interactions occurring between lipids and integral membrane proteins a range of biophysical techniques including electron spin resonance [@bb0005; @bb0010] and fluorescence [@bb0145; @bb0020] spectroscopy have been used in numerous studies. This has provided a wealth of information on the specificity of proteins for particular classes of lipids and the affinity of these interactions [@bb0025; @bb0030]. These studies have revealed that in addition to the 'bulk' lipids whose dynamic properties remain largely unchanged by the presence of integral membrane proteins within the bilayer, there exist a population of lipids whose motional freedom is constrained through their interaction with integral membrane proteins. The motionally restricted population of lipids can be segregated into 'annular lipids' which exhibit low affinity interactions with the hydrophobic surface of membrane proteins and 'non-annular lipids' which exert high affinity interactions at sites located in clefts on the protein surface or at the interface between protein subunits [@bb0025; @bb0035; @bb0040; @bb0045]. The interactions at both sites play an important role in modulating the function of integral membrane proteins, but it has recently become apparent that occupation of the non-annular binding site can be particularly critical for function [@bb0050]. Despite the importance of these interactions a detailed atomic level description of the type and nature of the interplay between lipids and integral membrane proteins is limited as the lipids are often missing from high-resolution crystal structures of membrane proteins.
One of the best-studied ion channels is the potassium channel, KcsA from *Streptomyces lividans*. This potassium channel, in common with other members of this family, has an absolute requirement for anionic lipids such as phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylserine or cardiolipin for function; in their absence the channel exists in a non-conducting state [@bb0055; @bb0060]. The binding of lipids to KcsA has been extensively investigated by fluorescence quenching studies that clearly identify annular and non-annular populations of lipids [@bb0035; @bb0050]. Binding of lipids to the annular sites revealed marked differences between the inner and extracellular leaflets, with the extracellular side showing similar affinities for anionic and zwitterionic lipids. In contrast the intracellular side showed a twofold higher affinity for anionic lipids over phosphatidylcholine, presumably due to the clustering of charged residues on KcsA close to the bilayer surface. Fluorescence quenching studies have revealed that the non-annular binding sites show a high degree of selectivity of binding anionic lipids almost exclusively, albeit with moderate affinity.
The crystal structure of KcsA in detergent has provided valuable insights into the interaction of lipids with the non-annular binding site with electron density being seen at the interface between the protein subunits indicating the presence of a diacylglycerol-like moiety. The crystal structure revealed that the *sn*-1 chain of this lipid molecule was tightly buried in the groove between the pore helix and the M2 helix whilst the *sn*-2 chain was less intimately associated with the protein [@bb0055; @bb0065]. Subsequent studies have revealed the lipid present in the KcsA crystals to be phosphatidylglycerol which co-purifies with the KcsA [@bb0055] (pdb accession number 1K4C), suggesting that the phosphatidylglycerol headgroup exhibits significant motion or disorder within the crystal, resulting in the absence of electron density. The absence of electron density in the region corresponding to the lipid headgroup has precluded a detailed understanding of how the phosphatidylglycerol is recognised. The presence of two key arginine residues (R64 and R89) in close proximity to the proposed headgroup region suggested a putative role for electrostatic interactions between the sidechains and the anionic lipids within the binding site [@bb0055]. The proposed interactions between R64 and R89 have been investigated by molecular dynamics, revealing the formation of H-bonds between the headgroups of the anionic lipids phosphatidic acid and phosphatidylglycerol and the arginine residues [@bb0070]. Notably, these interactions were absent or reduced in bilayers containing the zwitterionic lipid phosphatidylethanolamine [@bb0070].
To demonstrate the feasibility of detecting interactions between non-annular binding sites and anionic lipids we have undertaken a 31P magic-angle spinning (MAS) NMR study of KcsA reconstituted into a model lipid bilayer composed of phosphatidylcholine and the negatively charged phosphatidylglycerol. The application of MAS permits the acquisition of ^31^P NMR spectra in which the individual lipid components are resolved on the basis of their chemical shift [@bb0075]. The chemical shift observed provides information on the local electrostatic environment of the phosphate moiety of the lipid headgroup and is thus an excellent reporter on the interaction of the lipid headgroup with the protein [@bb0080; @bb0085; @bb0090]. Typically the application of NMR to study lipid/protein interactions has proved challenging as exchange between the bulk lipid and annular sites occurs too rapidly on the NMR timescale to permit the observation of the bound lipids. Furthermore, interactions between the lipids and the proteins are typically hydrophobic in nature with little difference in electrostatic environment between the bound and free lipids resulting in only minor perturbations in chemical shift. In contrast, phosphatidylglycerol bound at the non-annular binding site is predicted to experience a significantly different electrostatic environment from the annular/bulk lipids with higher-affinity interactions resulting in longer residency times within the binding site. Below we demonstrate that this results in a spectroscopically distinct species that we resolve in the ^31^P MAS-NMR spectrum of KcsA reconstituted into lipid vesicles, providing insights into the interactions involved in lipid binding. Using site directed mutagenesis we have demonstrated that the perturbation in electrostatic environment arises through the interaction of the lipid head group with the positively charged sidechain of R64 and R89. Single-channel current recordings have been measured to ascertain the role that these residues play in determining the channel gating behaviour of KcsA.
2. Materials and methods {#s0010}
========================
2.1. Materials {#s0015}
--------------
Palmitoyloleoyl-phosphatidylcholine (POPC) and palmitoyloleoyl-phosphatidylglycerol (POPG) were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids (Alabaster, AL). The pQE32 vector and M15\[PREP\] *Escherichia coli* strain were bought from Qiagen (UK). The detergent, dodecylmaltoside (DDM) was from Anatrace (UK). The other reagents for the purification were obtained from Sigma (UK).
2.2. Cloning and mutagenesis of KcsA {#s0030}
------------------------------------
The pQE32 vector containing the KcsA gene with a hexahistidine epitope at the N-terminus, kindly donated by Professor Lee (University of Southampton, UK), was expressed in M15 cells. Three KcsA mutants were generated by site-directed mutagenesis using the Quik-change protocol from Stratagene (La Jolla, CA). Three KcsA mutants were prepared replacing the arginine with the slightly smaller but uncharged leucine at residue 64 (R64L), 89 (R89L) or at both sites (R64,89L). The mutants were generated by PCR using synthetic oligonucleotide primers containing the desired mutations (Eurofins MWG, UK). Complementary oligonuceotides, 5′-AGCTGATCAC GTATCCGTTA GCGCTGTGGT GGTCC-3′ and 5′-GACCACCACA GCGCTAACGG ATACGTGATC AGCTG-3′ were used as forward and reverse primers respectively to create the R64L mutation. Similarly, R89L was produced using the synthetic oligonucleotides 5′-GTGACTCTGT GGGGCCTGC TCGTGGCCG TGGTGGTGA T-3′ and 5′-ATCACCACCA CGGCCACGA GCAGGCCCC ACAGAGTCA C-3′ as primers. Polymerase chain reaction was used to generate the mutants and the resultant PCR product was Dpn1- treated for 1 hr at 37 °C to digest any methylated parental DNA. The DNA was used to transform competent M15 \[PREP\] *E.coli* cells that were then plated onto agar plates supplemented with ampicillin. Mutations were confirmed by sequencing.
2.3. Over expression and purification of KcsA {#s0035}
---------------------------------------------
M15 *E.coli* cells transformed with KcsA or one of the KcsA mutants were used to inoculate 10 mL of Luria Broth (LB) medium containing 100 μg/mL of ampicillin. The overnight culture was then used to inoculate 1 L of LB containing 100 μg/mL of ampicillin and grown to an OD~600~ of 0.8 at 37 °C. Over-expression of KcsA wild type and mutant protein was induced by the addition of IPTG to a final concentration of 1 mM and the culture was grown for a further 4 h at 37 °C. The cells were harvested at 4 °C by centrifugation at 12,000 *g* for 20 min. The cell pellet was resuspended in buffer A (50 mM Tris, 150 mM NaCl, 150 mM KCl, pH 7.4) with 1 mM PMSF and sonicated on ice for 5 min: 15 s on; 20 s off at power level 7 (Misonix sonicator). The membrane fraction was clarified by ultracentrifugation at 420,000 *g* for 40 min at 5 °C. The membrane-containing pellet was homogenised and then gently stirred in solubilisation buffer (buffer A, 40 mM imidazole, 1 mM DDM, pH 7.4) for 1 h at room temperature. Insoluble material was removed by centrifugation at 21,000 *g* for 20 min at 5 °C and the supernatant was loaded onto a Ni^2+^ affinity column (GE Healthcare, UK) pre-equilibrated with buffer A. The column was washed with 20 bed volumes of wash buffer (Buffer A, 40 mM imidazole, 1 mM DDM, and pH 7.4) and KcsA was eluted in Buffer A, 400 mM imidazole, 1 mM DDM, pH 7.4).
2.4. Reconstitution of KcsA {#s0040}
---------------------------
KcsA wild type and mutants were reconstituted in lipid vesicles composed of POPC and POPG at a molar ratio of 70:30 respectively. Briefly, 10 mg of lipids in chloroform were dried in a vacuum desiccator and resuspended in hydration buffer (10 mM Tris, 100 mM KCl, 1 mM EDTA pH 7.4) containing 40 mM octyl glucoside. Following mixing and sonication to clarity, KcsA protein was gently added and mixed to give a lipid to KcsA tetramer molar ratio of 100:1. The vesicles were generated by detergent removal using Bio-beads. For NMR studies the vesicles were pelleted by ultracentrifugation at 100,000 *g* for 30 min at 5 °C and loaded into an MAS rotor for analysis by NMR.
2.5. Static and magic angle spinning solid-state ^31^P NMR studies {#s0045}
------------------------------------------------------------------
All ^31^P NMR measurements were performed on a 300 MHz Infinity+ spectrometer (Varian, USA) at a 121.37 MHz using a 4 mm triple resonance MAS probe (Varian, USA). ^31^P NMR spectra were acquired with a 5 μs π/2 pulse for excitation, 70 kHz continuous wave proton decoupling during acquisition and a recycle delay of 3 s. All spectra were obtained at 25 °C with a magic angle spinning frequency of 6 kHz. All spectra were externally referenced to phosphoric acid (85%) with a chemical shift of 0 ppm. Typically magic-angle spinning (MAS) and static NMR spectra were obtained by averaging 4096 transients or 8192 transients respectively and 5 Hz linebroadening was added prior to Fourier Transform. Data processing and analysis were performed in matNMR [@bb0095].
2.6. Single channel electrophysiology of wild-type, R64L, R89L and R64L/R89L in planar lipid bilayers {#s0050}
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Single-channel current recordings were acquired as detailed previously by Marius et al.[@bb0050]. Briefly, POPC/POPG at a molar ratio of 70 to 30 was first dried from chloroform and then dissolved in decane to a concentration of 20 mg/mL. A lipid planar bilayer was painted across a 150 μm aperture in a Delrin cuvette (Warner Instruments, CT, USA) which separated two chambers with a volume of 1 mL. The *cis* (extracellular) chamber contained buffer B (10 mM Hepes, 150 mM KCl) at pH 7.0 whilst the *trans* buffer contained buffer B at pH 4.0. Bilayer formation was verified with capacitance measurements. The reconstituted vesicle suspension (5 μL) was added to the *cis* chamber and the transmembrane current was measured using Ag\|AgCl electrodes. The electrode in the *cis* chamber was connected to the input of the headstage of an ID562 bilayer amplifier (Industrial Developments Bangor, Bangor, UK), whilst the bias voltage was applied to the *trans* chamber, as described fully in Marius et al. [@bb0050]. The bilayer was voltage-clamped at + 100 mV and electrical recordings were digitised at 5 kHz, and subsequently digitally low-pass filtered at 1 kHz for analysis and at 2 kHz for display. Current traces were analysed using Origin (OriginLab, US). Episodes of rapid channel gating, with a duration of 15 s or more, were used for analysis of the channel open probability.
3. Results and discussion {#s0020}
=========================
3.1. Expression, purification and reconstitution of wild type and mutant KcsA {#s0055}
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
The generation of the KcsA mutants, R64L, R89L and R64, 89L was confirmed by sequencing and mass spectrometry (results not shown). The overexpression of wild type and mutants of KcsA as His-tag fusion protein in M15 cells yielded cell pellets of 3 ± 1 g/L culture. The extraction of the protein from cells involved solubilisation of the membrane fraction using the non-ionic detergent DDM, followed by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. Increasing the imidazole concentration from 40 mM to 400 mM resulted in the displacement of bound protein. The purity of the proteins was determined by SDS-PAGE ([Fig. 1](#f0010){ref-type="fig"}) with the wild type and three mutants running as a stable SDS resistant tetramer. The yield of pure wild type and single mutant KcsA protein ranged from 5 mg to 10 mg/L whilst the double mutant, R64, 89L, had a yield of 4 ± 2 mg/L. Wild type and mutants of KcsA were prepared for solid-state NMR studies by reconstitution into lipid vesicles as described. The proteins were incorporated into pre-formed lipid-detergent micelles. The addition of Bio-beads for the removal of detergent led to the formation of a cloudy suspension of proteoliposomes that were pelleted for subsequent analysis by NMR.
3.2. Phosphorous static and MAS NMR of wild type-KcsA reconstituted into PC/PG vesicles {#s0060}
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
To ascertain the effect of KcsA on POPC and POPC/POPG (70%/30% mol/mol) vesicles ^31^P solid-state NMR spectra were recorded in the presence and absence of KcsA ([Fig. 2](#f0015){ref-type="fig"}). To confirm that the KcsA spectra had been successfully reconstituted into lipid bilayers and that this had not altered the phase behaviour of the lipids, static ^31^P proton decouple NMR spectra were acquired ([Fig. 2](#f0015){ref-type="fig"}C and D). In each case the spectra showed the axially symmetric powder pattern expected for POPC and POPC/POPG bilayers in the L~α~-phase, with no evidence of smaller isotropic micellar contributions. Upon the introduction of acidic POPG into the vesicles a significant reduction in the chemical shielding anisotropy was observed, falling from − 31.9 ppm in pure POPC vesicles to − 21.3 ppm in vesicles composed of 70% POPC/30% POPG (mol/mol). Such a reduction has previously been observed and attributed to the change in the surface charge of the bilayer [@bb0085; @bb0090]. Comparison of the static spectra of pure lipid vesicles and those containing KcsA reveals a similar reduction in chemical shielding anisotropy in both samples indicating that the introduction of KcsA did not significantly perturb the dynamics observed in the bilayer and had no effect on the overall charge on the bilayer surface [@bb0085; @bb0090].
The MAS spectra of POPC and POPC/POPG (70%/30% mol/mol) of lipid vesicles in the absence of KcsA are shown in [Fig. 2](#f0015){ref-type="fig"}A and B (black). The spectra of POPC alone show a single resonance at − 0.8 ppm, whilst the mixture of POPC/POPG shows two well-resolved resonances at − 0.79 ppm and 0.30 ppm, which are assigned to POPC and POPG respectively on the basis of their relative intensities and earlier studies [@bb0085; @bb0100].
The ^31^P MAS-NMR spectrum of KcsA reconstituted into POPC bilayers ([Fig. 2](#f0015){ref-type="fig"}A, red) also shows a single resonance at − 0.81 ppm although the linewidth is broader than that for lipid alone, increasing from 0.34 ppm to 0.66 ppm. Such an observation is consistent with earlier studies that also detected an increase in linewidths upon the reconstitution of proteins into lipid bilayers, a behaviour that was attributed to the overall reduction of mobility of the lipids within the bilayer arising from the low lipid to protein ratio. The ^31^P MAS-NMR spectrum of KcsA reconstituted into negatively charged POPC/POPG vesicles (70%/30% mol/mol) is shown in [Fig. 2](#f0015){ref-type="fig"}B (red) and deconvoluted into its components in [Fig. 3](#f0020){ref-type="fig"}. As expected, two resonances are observed at − 0.75 ppm and 0.23 ppm, but in addition a resonance is also present at − 0.14 ppm. The two larger components at − 0.75 ppm and 0.23 ppm, we assign to the POPC and the POPG present in the bulk lipids respectively. Both resonances show significant broadening compared to the pure lipid vesicles with the linewidths of POPC and POPG increasing from 0.15 ppm to 0.61 and 0.80 ppm respectively. We attribute the presence of the third resonance at − 0.14 ppm to a population of lipid that is bound to the KcsA and therefore observes a different electrostatic environment to that seen by the bulk lipids. Deconvolution of the three spectral components ([Fig. 3](#f0020){ref-type="fig"}) indicates that this third component comprises 6.6% of the overall intensity in the ^31^P NMR spectrum and is accompanied by a slight reduction in bulk POPG intensity. On the basis of this reduction in intensity and the known presence of a POPG binding site, we assign this resonance to POPG bound at the non-annular binding site on KcsA. The observed intensity (6.6% of total phosphorous signal) for this bound component is in good agreement with the predicted intensity, which we expect to be maximally 4% of the total intensity when all four non-annular binding sites are occupied with phospholipid and the lipid/KcsA tetramer ratio is 100:1. We note however that with a POPC/POPG ratio of 70%/30% mol/mol some of the binding sites may be occupied with POPC. The appearance of this third resonance and its relatively narrow linewidth (0.21 ppm) when compared to the bulk lipids indicates that there is little exchange on the NMR timescale (microseconds) between the non-annular binding site and the annular/bulk lipid which would otherwise lead to a broadening of the resonance. Comparison of the direct excitation spectra ([Fig. 2](#f0015){ref-type="fig"}A/B) with ^1^H-^31^P cross-polarisation (data not shown) showed no significant differences in the relative intensities of the resonances, in agreement with crystallographic studies, indicating that the phosphate does not undergo a significant reduction in mobility upon binding to the non-annular binding site.
The perturbation of the POPG chemical shift upon binding to the KcsA (− 0.37 ppm) indicates that upon binding the phosphate in the lipid headgroup experiences a different local electrostatic environment arising through either changes in local headgroup geometry or local environment. Although a number of factors contribute to the overall chemical shift the upfield perturbation observed is consistent with the interaction of the phosphate group with positively charged residues within the non-annular binding site. Similar upfield perturbations have previously been observed upon the binding of negatively charged lipid species to positively charged binding sites on peripheral membrane proteins [@bb0080; @bb0105].
3.3. Phosphorous NMR of R64L, R89L and R64L/R89L KcsA mutants reconstituted into PC/PG vesicles {#s0065}
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On the basis of the crystal structure [@bb0055] and molecular dynamics simulations [@bb0070] of KcsA it had been proposed that R64 and R89 might contribute positive charge to the non-annular lipid binding site ([Fig. 6](#f0035){ref-type="fig"}). To ascertain the role of residues R64 and R89 in the binding of POPG to the non-annular binding site, we mutated these residues from arginine to leucine giving three different mutant proteins, R64L, R89L and the double mutant R64L/R89L. The ^31^P proton decoupled MAS-NMR spectra of R64L, R89L and the double mutant R64L/R89L are shown in [Fig. 4](#f0025){ref-type="fig"}. The spectra of R64L, R89L and the double mutant R64L/R89L all show two distinct resonances at − 0.75 and 0.23 ppm, corresponding to the POPC and POPG in the bulk lipid respectively. Notably the resonance at − 0.14 ppm that we have attributed to the POPG bound to the non-annular binding site is absent in the spectra of the three mutants. The disappearance of this resonance indicates that the population of lipids previously identified within the non-annular binding site no longer experiences a significant change in electrostatic environment upon binding, either through absence of the positive charges in the binding site or the abolition of lipid binding to these sites. This demonstrates experimentally the observations made in earlier molecular dynamics simulations [@bb0070] that indicate both R64 and R89 residues are in close proximity to the phosphate headgroup of the POPG within the non-annular binding site and are implicated in binding either through electrostatic or hydrogen bonding interactions.
3.4. Single-channel current recordings of wild-type and mutant KcsA {#s0070}
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To ascertain whether interactions between these positive charge sidechains in the non-annular lipid-binding site and the lipid headgroup could affect channel activity, single-channel current recordings were taken of KcsA wild type and mutants reconstituted in a planar bilayer composed of 70% POPC and 30% POPG ([Fig. 5](#f0030){ref-type="fig"}). The bilayer was painted across a 150 μm aperture separating a *cis* chamber, equivalent to the extracellular side of the KcsA channel containing pH 7 buffer, from the *trans* chamber (pH 4) representing the intracellular or cytoplasmic side of the channel. In this configuration, KcsA channels oriented with their protonation sites on the *trans* side will be functional [@bb0110]. At 100 mV holding potential, pure-lipid bilayer traces displayed a peak-to-peak noise of \~ 2--4 pA (data not shown). In the presence of wild-type KcsA, the single-channel traces ([Fig. 5](#f0030){ref-type="fig"}A) revealed short bursts of activity followed by long periods of inactivity leading to low overall open probability as reported previously [@bb0050; @bb0115]. Histogram analysis of the activity bursts gave an open probability for the wild-type KcsA of 4.8% with open current amplitudes distributed around 6 pA in agreement with earlier studies [@bb0050; @bb0115].
The single-channel recordings of the R64L and R89L mutants ([Fig. 5](#f0030){ref-type="fig"}B and C respectively) displayed fewer channel openings, however bursts of channel activity were still observed. Using a current amplitude of 4 pA as a threshold, an open probability (P~0~) of 1.6% and 2.0% was measured for the R64L and R89L mutants respectively. In contrast to the wild-type behaviour however, a distribution of current amplitudes is observed ranging from \< 4 pA (closed channels) up to a maximum of 10 pA in both cases. We are unable from this data to determine whether the apparent disappearance of a well-defined conductance state is due to channel opening events that are occurring on timescales faster or comparable to our sampling rates or due to an inherent property of the mutant channels, e.g. the existence of additional sub-conductance states. Analysis of the single channel recordings of the R64L/R89L double mutant ([Fig. 5](#f0030){ref-type="fig"}D) showed a further decrease in channel opening, with an open probability (P~0~) of 0.8%. As for the single mutants discrete conductance states were not observed.
Despite the open probability of the wild type KcsA being low, the single-channel current recordings obtained for the R64L, R89L and R64L/R89L double mutant clearly indicate that the replacement of the charged arginine residues at position 64 and 89 with leucine alters the gating of KcsA, reducing both its open probability and conductance. Care must be taken in the interpretation of the electrophysiology recordings as lipid protein interactions have been reported to play a significant role in the folding and stability of the tetrameric channel which would clearly have implication on the conductance behaviour [@bb0140]. However, the appearance of stable tetramers on the SDS-PAGE of the wild-type and mutants ([Fig. 1](#f0005){ref-type="fig"}) suggests that the mutant proteins are both correctly folded and assembled into stable tetramer and thus the changes observed are a result in different gating behaviour. Several patch-clamping studies have previously been reported on the R64A mutant of KcsA reconstituted by mixing bacterial membranes with asolectin vesicles [@bb0120; @bb0125]. There are significant differences in the responses of the R64A mutation between these studies with Perozo and co-workers reporting a significantly higher open probability of 65% [@bb0120] whilst Kremer *et al.* find that the R64A mutant has a higher tendency to close than wild type KcsA [@bb0125]. Interestingly, channel-gating behaviour was also reported to be dependent on the nature of the substitution with a R64D mutation giving rise to a higher open probability than R64A, which Kremer et al. suggested to arise from the formation of a salt bridge across the non-annular lipid binding site which may stabilise the open state thereby mimicking the presence of an anionic lipid [@bb0125]. The low open probabilities, compared to wild type KcsA, that we observe in the R64L, R89L and R64L/R89L double mutant would be consistent with such a hypothesis, suggesting that the bulky, uncharged sidechains are unable to form the necessary interactions necessary to stabilise the open state.
4. Conclusion {#s0025}
=============
Utilising ^31^P proton-decoupled MAS-NMR we have studied the interaction between KcsA and its surrounding lipid bilayer. No specific interaction is observed between KcsA and the zwitterionic POPC membrane constituent, however upon reconstitution into a lipid bilayer composed of POPC/POPG (70%/30% mol/mol), we observe the appearance of a distinct spectral component at − 0.14 ppm that we have assigned to the binding of POPG to the non-annular lipid-binding site on KcsA. The upfield perturbation in chemical shift observed upon the binding of POPG to the non-annular lipid-binding site on KcsA is consistent with the interaction of the anionic lipid with positive charges within the binding site. Based on earlier computational studies and crystallographic studies that proposed a role for R64 and R89 in the recognition of the negatively charged sites in the lipid headgroup we mutated R64 and R89 to a slightly smaller leucine residue. Subsequent ^31^P proton-decoupled MAS-NMR studies of the R64L, R89L and the R64L/R89L double mutant showed the disappearance of the resonance attributed to the bound POPG at − 0.14 ppm. Single channel recordings have revealed that the positive charges on the side chains of R64 and R89 act synergistically to further reduce the low channel open probability observed for KcsA under these conditions. Finally we note that the slow exchange between the lipids at the non-annular binding site compared to the faster exchange observed for annular lipids results in the presence of a distinct spectral component as opposed to broadening. This observation demonstrates the feasibility of observing lipids whilst bound to non-annular binding sites in other, potentially less well characterised systems, providing an alternative biophysical technique to study how lipids and other lipophilic molecules may interact with these sites and the role this plays in regulating the function of integral membrane proteins. Furthermore, the detection of non-annular lipids by NMR paves the way to more complex magic-angle spinning experiments which will enable the accurate structural characterisation of the lipid within its binding site and the interactions responsible for its binding.
PTFW and PM are funded by a Wellcome Trust Career Development Fellowship to PTFW. Prof. M.H. Levitt is kindly thanked for providing support and instrument time to conduct these measurements. We would like to acknowledge Prof. G. Gröbner and Prof. A.G. Lee for many interesting discussions.
{#f0010}
{#f0015}
{#f0020}
{#f0025}
{#f0030}
![Crystal structure of wild type KcsA showing the location of the resolved DAG buried at the interface between the two subunits. Residues R64 and R89 are both in close proximity to the glycerol backbone of the DAG and well positioned to interact with the negatively charged phosphate group of the anionic lipids which although not resolved in this structure are known to occupy the non-annular binding site. Figure generated from pdb file 1K4C.pdb [@bb0130] and visualised in Chimera [@bb0135].](gr6){#f0035}
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Richtweg (Hamburg U-Bahn station)
Richtweg is a public transport station for the rapid transit trains of Hamburg's underground railway line U1, located in Norderstedt, Germany.
It was opened 1953 as a stop of the Alster Northern Railway (ANB) from Ulzburg Süd to Ochsenzoll with an island platform. Between 1994 and 1996 this section of the ANB was rebuilt for the Hamburg U-Bahn system.
Station layout
The station is a side platform station with a passenger bridge crossing at the north and exits to both sides of it.
See also
Hamburger Verkehrsverbund Public transport association in Hamburg
Hamburger Hochbahn Operator of the Hamburg U-Bahn
References
External links
Network plan HVV (pdf) 560 KiB
Norderstedt Richtweg
Norderstedt Richtweg
Norderstedt Richtweg
Norderstedt Richtweg |
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a manufacturing method of a semiconductor device, which forms semiconductor integrated circuit patterns by using charged particle beams.
2. Description of the Related Art
A lithography technology has been used for pattern formation of a semiconductor integrated circuit. In such a case, a light, an electron beam or the like is used as an energy beam to expose a photo-sensitive film. In photolithography using a light as an energy beam, in order to deal with microfabrication of a semiconductor device, a wavelength of a light source has been made shorter from a g line (436 nm) to an i line (365 nm), and to KrF (248 nm). This has been carried out because of the fact that resolution of a micro pattern is increased in inverse proportion to a wavelength. In the photolithography, resolution has accordingly been increased by a shorter wavelength. However, performance of a photolithography device has become insufficient for a pattern size required as device performance. Thus, further shortening of a wavelength of the light source has been pursued so as to increase resolution. However, not only light sources but also new lens materials and resists must be developed, necessitating enormous development costs. Consequently, device prices and process costs are increased, creating a problem of a high price of a manufactured semiconductor device.
On the other hand, electron beam lithography using an electron beam as an energy beam has an advantage of high resolution capability compared with the photolithography. In the case of a conventional electron beam lithography device, however, writing was carried out on a resist on a wafer by coating (direct writing) with a point (rectangular) beam or connecting a mask pattern of only several xcexcmxc3x97several xcexcm. In the case of the conventional electron beam, an electron source for obtaining high-density electron beams was not provided, and uniform electron beams were not provided in a wide range. Alternatively, aberration occurred between a center portion and a peripheral portion in the case of projecting an area of a large area. Consequently, resolution was deteriorated, making it impossible to project patterns of large areas all at once. Therefore, in a conventional electron beam writing method, since writing is carried out while connecting very small areas, many shots are necessary for writing on one wafer. In addition, since time is necessary until stabilization after an electron beam is deflected to a predetermined position for each shot, the increased number of shots causes a reduction in throughput. For such a reason, throughput has conventionally been low, about several pieces per hour (in 8-inch wafer), proving the method to be unsuitable as a mass-production technology.
As one of the measures to improve throughput of the electron beam lithography, for example as described in pp. 6897 to 6901, Japan Journal Applied Physics, vol., 39 (2000), electron projection lithography has been presented, which forms all patterns on a mask original plate (referred to as a reticle, hereinafter), and then projects/transfers the patterns by using electron beams. In this electron beam projection lithography, a lens was developed, which prevents aberration from being generated even when high-density electron means are provided uniformly in a wide range, and large-area irradiation is carried out. As in the case of the photolithography, the development of the lens enables the mask to be irradiated with electron beams, and scanned, greatly reducing the number of shots. Thus, the electron projection lithography is similar to the photolithography in terms of projection, its image being similar to a change of a light source from a light to an electron beam. Compared with several pieces/hour of the conventional electron beam lithography, throughput of one digit higher, i.e., 35 pieces/hour (in 8-inch wafer) is estimated.
A shape of the reticle for electron beam projection is descried in, for example pp.214 to 224 of Proceedings of SPIE vol. 3997 (2000). FIG. 2A is a bird""s eye view of a reticle for electron beam projection, FIG. 2B an expanded view of a area 203 of FIG. 2A, and FIG. 2C a view of the reticle seen from the above. The electron beam lithography has a limited projection range. Accordingly, circuit patterns constituting an LSI chip are divided at sizes 1000 xcexcmxe2x96xa1 on the reticle, and these circuit patterns are connected to form a pattern of the entire chip during projection. Hereinafter, one of such divided areas, i.e., a area on which the patterns are projected all at once, is referred to as a xe2x80x9csubfieldxe2x80x9d 201. A wafer, on which the circuit patterns are projected, is continuously moved, and each pattern projection is carried out by mechanically moving a reticle stage and deflecting electron beams corresponding to the wafer movement. A thickness of silicon (Si) of a pattern portion of the reticle is thin, 0.5 to 2 xcexcm, and consequently breaking easily occurs. Thus, a mechanical strength is increased by providing a silicon beam called a strut 202 between the subfields.
Now, a manufacturing flow of a reticle for electron beam projection is described by referring to FIGS. 3A to 3D. As shown in FIGS. 3A to 3D, a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafer having SiO2 buried in a Si substrate is used. The substrate has a thickness of about 400 to 800 xcexcm and, thereon, SiO2 is deposited by 0.1 to 0.5 xcexcm, and Si by 0.5 to 2 xcexcm. As methods of manufacturing a reticle for electron beam projection, there are available a preceding back etching method for carrying out back etching of the substrate before formation of a reticle pattern to manufacture the strut 202, and a succeeding back etching method for carrying out back etching of the substrate later. Here, the preceding back etching method is described. In the preceding method, first, a area of the strut 202 is subjected to patterning, and dry etching is carried out. According to the preceding back etching method, a reticle pattern is formed after blanks for a stencil mask are made. Thus, since blanks for a stencil mask can be made and stored, and only surface machining is needed thereafter, turn around time (TAT) can be shortened.
On the other hand, in the succeeding back etching method, patterning is carried out on a normal thick substrate. Accordingly, the number of special steps for manufacturing an EPL mask is relatively small. However, if mismatching is present in membrane stress between an oxide film of an intermediate layer and silicon on the surface by execution of etching of back-side Si, which makes TAT longer, mask deformation may occur, causing a shift in projection position. This positional shift is prevented by adding boron or the like to an oxide film on the surface to generate tensile stress on the substrate surface as well, and reducing stress between the oxide film and the substrate. Both methods have own features different from each other as described above, and the preceding back etching method enabling TAT to be shortened is considered to be more suitable. The oxide film is removed after the execution of the back etching. Accordingly, membrane blanks for the reticle for electron beam projection are made (FIG. 3B). Then, circuit patterns are divided into predetermined subfields, and a resist pattern 301 is formed on the reticle for electron beam projection by a resist process (FIG. 3C). A predetermined pattern is formed by further carrying out dry etching. Lastly, the reticle for electron beam projection is made by carrying out cleaning (FIG. 3D). As described herein, the reticle having an opening pattern for passing the energy beam is called a stencil type.
Representative features of the present invention can be summarized as follows.
In the case of using the electron projection lithography device, throughput can be greatly improved up to 35 pieces/hour compared with the electron beam direct writing method. Compared with the conventional photolithography, however, the throughput is lower, about xc2xd. In the case of the stencil-type reticle, since the opening pattern for passing the electron beam is provided, a xe2x80x9csquare-shapedxe2x80x9d pattern called a doughnut-type pattern cannot be included. This is because the inside of the xe2x80x9csquare-shapedxe2x80x9d portion is surrounded with the opening pattern, and thus no supports are present, causing it to fall. Therefore, to carry out pattern projection for one area, it was necessary to use a so-called complementary reticle for dividing patterns into two or more reticles, and executing electron beam projection for the same area by a plurality of times. In such a case, projection must be carried out twice for pattern projection of one area, and a reduction inevitably occurs in throughput. A current value of an electron beam must be increased in order to achieve high throughput. In such a case, repulsion between electron beams enlarges beam blur, lowering resolution. Accordingly, even if an electron projection lithography device that has been under development conventionally and now is used, it has been difficult to obtain throughput as high as that of the photolithography. Thus, there is a need to properly use the photolithography having high throughput, and the electron projection lithography having low throughput but high resolution. However, no effective proper using methods have been available.
In the electron projection lithography, it is necessary to properly use a complementary reticle having limited pattern constraints but low throughput, and a non-complementary reticle having many pattern constraints but high throughput. Thus far, however, no effective proper using methods have been presented. Therefore, objects of the present invention are to provide an effective method of properly using a photolithography device and an electron projection lithography device, and an effective method of properly using complementary and non-complementary reticles when electron projection lithography is used.
In the case of the reticle for electron beam projection, in a conventional reticle for cell-projection, a projection area is small, and a thickness of the reticle is about 10 xcexcm, thus providing a high mechanical strength. However, a thickness of a reticle for electron projection lithography is about 2 xcexcm or lower, which is very thin, and accordingly a mechanical strength is low. Further, since patterns are projected all at one on a large area of 1 mm or more, patterns having a large aspect ratio are formed in the opening pattern of the reticle. For example as shown in FIG. 20A, in a non-opening portion 2002 for scattering electron beams, openings 2001 for projecting patterns with electron beams non-scattered are densely formed at a large aspect ratio. Thus, a state before a cleaning step of the reticle was similar to that shown in FIG. 20A. After the cleaning step, however, as shown in FIG. 20B, surface tension of cleaning solution brought about bending 2003, chipping 2004, and adhesion of a foreign object caused by the chipping. Consequently, breaking or short-circuiting, and shifting in projection position occurred in a manufactured device circuit, creating a problem of impossible acquisition of initial performance.
The problems including the bending and the like have become conspicuous, because projection of patterns carried out all at once on the large area in the electron projection lithography device or the like has increased the aspect ratio of the transcribed patterns by 50 times or more, and a thickness of the stencil mask has become thin to 5 xcexcm or lower. Therefore, another object of the present invention is to provide a method of setting a beam interval, which prevents bending in a stencil mask.
A micro-beam provided for the purpose of preventing bending or the like can be made sufficiently thin to make projection of the patterns difficult. However, this may cause a problem such as narrowing, where the transcribed patterns become large or small in size locally at the micro-beam portion. Therefore, another object of the present invention is to suppress pattern deformation at a micro-beam portion by providing a forming place, a shape and a material of an optimal micro-beam, and a projection method.
As described above, throughput and resolution greatly varied depending on projection devices and methods, and required throughput and resolution were never satisfied simultaneously. Thus, regarding the two types of devices, i.e., photolithography having high throughput, and electron projection lithography having throughput low compared with that of the photolithography but still relatively high, and a high resolution capability, the present invention presents a projection device and a projection method capable of obtaining highest throughput while satisfying required accuracy and required resolution for each type and layer. The invention also presents a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, which makes effective selection of two types of projection methods, i.e., non-complementary and complementary reticles, so as to obtain highest throughput while satisfying required accuracy and required resolution, when the electron projection lithography device is selected.
According to the invention, the electron projection lithography device is used at layers such as an isolation layer, a gate level, a contact hole layer, and a wiring layer just after the gate level, where pattern formation is difficult by the photolithography device. At other layers to be sufficiently processed even by the photolithography, the photolithography is used. In this way, pattern projection is carried out.
According to the invention, conditions for selecting the photolithography and the electron projection lithography are decided depending on an exposure wavelength of the photolithography device and numerical aperture of an exposure system.
According to the invention, for products small in number to be processed by one reticle or products with quick turnaround time, e.g., in small volume products or research developments, a variable-shaped electron writing system or a cell-projection electron beam writing system needing no manufacturing of reticles is used to directly write a pattern on a sample. Thus, it is possible to reduce mask manufacturing costs, and shorten mask manufacturing time.
According to the invention, the electron projection lithography by the complementary reticle is used at the wiring layer just after the gate level or at a layer having a high ratio of a transcribed pattern area in a chip. Accordingly, an opening area of a pattern can be reduced by complementary splitting at the layer having the high ratio of the transcribed pattern area. Thus, it is possible to improve resolution.
According to the invention, in order to increase a strength of a reticle for electron beam projection, if a short size of a non-opening pattern is Wnm, and a spacing with a non-opening pattern adjacent to the same is Snm, then a micro-beam formation interval Lnm is set equal to/lower than a predetermined interval so as to set 0 less than Lxe2x89xa6(S+Wxe2x88x9250)xc3x9750. However, each size is represented by nano meters.
According to the invention, in order to increase a strength of a reticle for electron beam projection, a micro-beam forming place is set at an intersection portion between T-shaped opening patterns.
According to the invention, as a material of the micro-beam, a material having a low electron scattering coefficient compared with that of a material of a reticle non-opening area is used. Thus, charged particles scattered at the micro-beam are suppressed to prevent projection of the micro-beam.
According to the invention, in unit areas to be subjected to charged particle projection all at once, a width of a micro-beam in a unit area having a large opening area is set larger than that of a micro-beam in a unit area having a small opening area. Accordingly, a maximum micro-beam width can be set, which prevents projection in each unit area. Thus, mask manufacturing can be facilitated, and a mechanical strength of the mask can be increased.
According to the invention, even in the same unit area, a width of a micro-beam at a place of a large opening pattern width is set larger than that of a micro-beam at a place of a small opening pattern width. Accordingly, a maximum micro-beam width can be set, which prevents projection, according to each pattern. Thus, mask manufacturing can be facilitated, and a mechanical strength of the mask can be increased.
According to the invention, in order to prevent approaching between the micro-beam and a pattern edge, an area having a distance between the micro-beam and a non-opening pattern parallel to the micro-beam set less than 10 times of a width of the micro-beam is set as a micro-beam formation limiting area, and a position of the micro-beam is shifted so as to set the distance larger by 10 times or more than a width of the micro-beam. Thus, projection of micro-beam patterns caused by dense disposition of micro-beams can be suppressed.
According to the invention, an area within a predetermined range, particularly an area requiring high pattern size accuracy, e.g., a gate pattern portion on an active area, is set as a micro-beam formation limiting area. Thus, it is possible to prevent pattern failures caused by micro-beams within the predetermined range.
According to the invention, the micro-beam is disposed obliquely to a chip arraying direction, especially +45xc2x0 or xe2x88x9245xc2x0 to the chip arraying direction. Thus, a size changing amount at the micro-beam can be halved.
According to the invention, a first round of projection is carried out by using a mask including a micro-beam having a non-opening area connected, and an opening pattern width shortened by a predetermined amount in a direction orthogonal to the micro-beam. A second round of projection is carried out by using the mask, and shifting a projection position in a direction orthogonal to an arraying direction of the micro-beam. Thus, it is possible to suppress formation of patterns of micro-beams on the semiconductor substrate.
According to the invention, double exposure is carried out in a direction orthogonal to the micro-beam, and by using a reticle having an opening pattern width shortened by a predetermined amount in the same direction as a shifting direction. Thus, it is possible to suppress an increase in pattern size caused by the double exposure with positional shifting.
According to the invention, as a method of carrying out the double exposure, shifting exposure is carried out by a deflector. Thus, it is possible to carry out the double exposure at a high speed.
According to the invention, double exposure for suppressing projection of the micro-beam can be carried out by undulating a relative relation between an area to be projected by charged particles all at once, and the semiconductor device. Accordingly, it is possible to separately control projection position deflection and undulation for shifting exposure, achieving a simpler device configuration.
According to the invention, a reticle having a larger opening width of an opening pattern adjacent to the micro-beam is used. Thus, it is possible to suppress projection of a micro-beam pattern. |