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layer Neurons receptive of input visual develop cortex primates in edge-like primary in the fields. | Neurons in the input layer of primary visual cortex in primates develop edge-like receptive fields. | 100 |
of role unknown. still is in largely the representations homeostasis sparse such learning specific However, | However, the specific role of homeostasis in learning such sparse representations is still largely unknown. | 101 |
coding sparse is fair. optimized it when is Competition in | Competition in sparse coding is optimized when it is fair. | 102 |
sparse excitatory neurons. of inhibitory connections populations and and separate | sparse connections and separate populations of excitatory and inhibitory neurons. | 103 |
E. in proteins to oscillation Ongoing is Min required minicelling coli. block of sub-cellular | Ongoing sub-cellular oscillation of Min proteins is required to block minicelling in E. coli. | 104 |
Experimentally, newly and divided are Min minicells produced. cells no are in seen oscillations | Experimentally, Min oscillations are seen in newly divided cells and no minicells are produced. | 105 |
this behavior been role of sedentary has determined. The in not defect | The role of sedentary behavior in this defect has not been determined. | 106 |
connections models These have for and important consequences of dynamics protein thermodynamics. | These connections have important consequences for models of protein dynamics and thermodynamics. | 107 |
plays role metric classification. The an important (NN) in nearest neighbor distance | The distance metric plays an important role in nearest neighbor (NN) classification. | 108 |
physiologically monostability. likely more That within ranges for multistability plausible becomes parameters, is, than | That is, within physiologically plausible ranges for parameters, multistability becomes more likely than monostability. | 109 |
the often algorithms. clustering These outcome of are sets | These sets are often the outcome of clustering algorithms. | 110 |
analyses. provide such application, With web-based that database powerful a we OrfMapper supports but easy-to-use, | With OrfMapper we provide a powerful but easy-to-use, web-based database application, that supports such analyses. | 111 |
last importance become has regulation post-transcriptional the The years. in clear increasingly few miRNA-mediated of | The importance of miRNA-mediated post-transcriptional regulation has become increasingly clear in the last few years. | 112 |
experimental are proposed candidates Many verification. for new | Many new candidates are proposed for experimental verification. | 113 |
frequently since problem been ever intermediates Darwin. The fossil has discussed the in record of | The problem of intermediates in the fossil record has been frequently discussed ever since Darwin. | 114 |
to electrophoretic after polyacrylamide separation is on used staining detect gels. Silver proteins | Silver staining is used to detect proteins after electrophoretic separation on polyacrylamide gels. | 115 |
analysis digestion. after such compatible as spectrometry It is with protein processing, mass downstream | It is compatible with downstream processing, such as mass spectrometry analysis after protein digestion. | 116 |
for stable completed, stain weeks. the several is Once | Once completed, the stain is stable for several weeks. | 117 |
that of We PRC. is proportional prove the to derivative STA the the | We prove that the STA is proportional to the derivative of the PRC. | 118 |
Conversely, ducklings agonistic hens resting, towards behaviour and increased. of preening | Conversely, resting, preening and agonistic behaviour of hens towards ducklings increased. | 119 |
random the depth. paper this Tukey which a propose In approximates we depth | In this paper we propose a random depth which approximates the Tukey depth. | 120 |
Thus, high small computation in very requires time depth spaces. dimensional even random this a | Thus, this random depth requires a very small computation time even in high dimensional spaces. | 121 |
easily framework. is functional the to cover it Moreover, extended | Moreover, it is easily extended to cover the functional framework. | 122 |
in We also this others compare proposed depth literature. the with some | We also compare this depth with some others proposed in the literature. | 123 |
to by replacements and guanine cytosine lead damages thymine. These of | These damages lead to replacements of guanine and cytosine by thymine. | 124 |
motor neuron high-fat increase Counterbalancing and with lifespan for a this prevents diet loss. extends | Counterbalancing for this increase with a high-fat diet extends lifespan and prevents motor neuron loss. | 125 |
Here, whether lipid investigated in model. this we animal metabolism defective is | Here, we investigated whether lipid metabolism is defective in this animal model. | 126 |
animals. in high-fat induces defect the corrected This these typically neuroprotection by that was regimen | This defect was corrected by the high-fat regimen that typically induces neuroprotection in these animals. | 127 |
of this dietary This protective lipids metabolic for in probably accounts effect the shift model. | This metabolic shift probably accounts for the protective effect of dietary lipids in this model. | 128 |
in cell stochastic reactions fluctuations. Chemical subject to are intense | Chemical reactions in cell are subject to intense stochastic fluctuations. | 129 |
withdrawn been has This paper by the author | This paper has been withdrawn by the author | 130 |
mathematical propose for approach programming we In the a new problem. paper, this | In this paper, we propose a new mathematical programming approach for the problem. | 131 |
MILP optimal solution directly yields the an the joint-policy Dec-Pomdp. for of The optimal | The optimal solution of the MILP directly yields an optimal joint-policy for the Dec-Pomdp. | 132 |
method. in problems PRF the approximation the infinite-sites inherent These from arise | These problems arise from the infinite-sites approximation inherent in the PRF method. | 133 |
correct techniques three these introduce new problems. We that inference | We introduce three new inference techniques that correct these problems. | 134 |
two decomposed to protein from Contributions the the VER and are contributions into water. | Contributions to the VER are decomposed into two contributions from the protein and water. | 135 |
functions excitation are resonant angular pathways The radial modes. VER using normal and for visualized | The VER pathways are visualized using radial and angular excitation functions for resonant normal modes. | 136 |
direct it. rewarding most of One of human promoting mechanisms is cooperation the | One of the most direct human mechanisms of promoting cooperation is rewarding it. | 137 |
example important is model An Rvachev-Longini Math. the [{\it | An important example is the Rvachev-Longini model [{\it Math. | 138 |
data in ultrametric analysis are of hence spaces, nonarchimedean objects used geometry. Dendrograms | Dendrograms used in data analysis are ultrametric spaces, hence objects of nonarchimedean geometry. | 139 |
of is that dendrograms. known It there representation exist $p$-adic | It is known that there exist $p$-adic representation of dendrograms. | 140 |
a of the end, At dendrogram. calculate the topology part of we the hidden | At the end, we calculate the topology of the hidden part of a dendrogram. | 141 |
case also unlike of in the trees They that, showed (i.e. | They also showed that, unlike in the case of trees (i.e. | 142 |
in balance the paper three studies models. replication simplified This mutation-selection | This paper studies the mutation-selection balance in three simplified replication models. | 143 |
of asexual model replicating spores. considers the first a production via organisms population of The | The first model considers a population of organisms replicating via the production of asexual spores. | 144 |
sexually second gametes. model that replicating produces a identical considers The population | The second model considers a sexually replicating population that produces identical gametes. | 145 |
that produces The sperm considers sexually third and a egg population gametes. replicating model distinct | The third model considers a sexually replicating population that produces distinct sperm and egg gametes. | 146 |
the develop spores the population, into asexual adult diploid asexual directly organisms. In | In the asexual population, the asexual diploid spores develop directly into adult organisms. | 147 |
diploid organisms organisms. proceed into then develop mature The immature to resulting | The resulting immature diploid organisms then proceed to develop into mature organisms. | 148 |
moderate are note, their for speeds. As they valid calculations only however, | As they note, however, their calculations are valid only for moderate speeds. | 149 |
of Desai analysis and the Fisher's we edge. extend Here, stochastic substantially | Here, we substantially extend Desai and Fisher's analysis of the stochastic edge. | 150 |
et compatible al. a predictions approach Our (Rouzine different made analytical with results using are | Our results are compatible with predictions made using a different analytical approach (Rouzine et al. | 151 |
chromosome along at called each multiple sites DNA replication is origins. In initiated eukaryotes, replication | In eukaryotes, DNA replication is initiated along each chromosome at multiple sites called replication origins. | 152 |
stable destroying hence Gaussian terminate cycle. transiently can the noise white the oscillations, Additive limit | Additive Gaussian white noise can transiently terminate the oscillations, hence destroying the stable limit cycle. | 153 |
noise of spiking Further may return application the activity. system the to | Further application of the noise may return the system to spiking activity. | 154 |
the parasite malaria by the accounts variation for exhibited falciparum). model The (P. antigenic | The model accounts for the antigenic variation exhibited by the malaria parasite (P. falciparum). | 155 |
a exhibit show the wide dynamical We of behaviors. variety that can model | We show that the model can exhibit a wide variety of dynamical behaviors. | 156 |
provide for global competitive and criteria stability, exclusion, persistence. We | We provide criteria for global stability, competitive exclusion, and persistence. | 157 |
the that We non-symmetric equilibrium cross-reactive destabilized by can disease be demonstrate responses. also | We also demonstrate that the disease equilibrium can be destabilized by non-symmetric cross-reactive responses. | 158 |
of turbulence. the to analogous mechanism The cascade is development in the fluid | The mechanism is analogous to the development of the cascade in fluid turbulence. | 159 |
diminished themselves. Locality bursts in the is | Locality is diminished in the bursts themselves. | 160 |
changes Cerebral capacity. significant with in cortex oxidative in antioxidant no early impairment showed damage | Cerebral cortex showed early changes in oxidative damage with no significant impairment in antioxidant capacity. | 161 |
associated Recently, investigated to specific genetic regulatory process the transcription studies networks. several have | Recently, several studies have investigated the transcription process associated to specific genetic regulatory networks. | 162 |
environments next collaborative is towards aspects. oriented for virtual training of The generation | The next generation of virtual environments for training is oriented towards collaborative aspects. | 163 |
new for this, We involving method a present doing simulation. | We present a new method for doing this, involving simulation. | 164 |
useful the that Experiments provides method estimates. suggest | Experiments suggest that the method provides useful estimates. | 165 |
role in consider different spatial the two We mechanism scales. on effects the | We consider the role spatial effects in the mechanism on two different scales. | 166 |
quite near site. the transcription factor its dissociation lands | the transcription factor lands quite near its dissociation site. | 167 |
discriminate global local between two we searches: searches. of types searches Second, and | Second, we discriminate between two types of searches: global searches and local searches. | 168 |
to geometry the complex However, folding (i.e. more | However, folding to the more complex geometry (i.e. | 169 |
more For is geometry folding a process. clearly this cooperative | For this geometry folding is clearly a more cooperative process. | 170 |
our comparing are significant. By mean-field find that stochastic with we fluctuations simulations calculations, | By comparing our simulations with mean-field calculations, we find that stochastic fluctuations are significant. | 171 |
without proteins. cytoplasmic possible localization a motor mechanism for targeted This offers polar | This offers a possible mechanism for targeted polar localization without cytoplasmic motor proteins. | 172 |
central coexistence one of is Species the ecology. modern in themes | Species coexistence is one of the central themes in modern ecology. | 173 |
is diversity. a biological Coexistence prerequisite of | Coexistence is a prerequisite of biological diversity. | 174 |
chemical presented process as equivalent Biological a to evolution reaction. is a | Biological evolution is presented as a process equivalent to a chemical reaction. | 175 |
main interactions occur units. between The is that self-replicating point | The main point is that interactions occur between self-replicating units. | 176 |
from mode the times relaxation were the extracted displacement coordinate. mean square transverse First in | First mode relaxation times were extracted from the mean square displacement in the transverse coordinate. | 177 |
usage protein-coding kingdoms Across synonmous all codons. of life, exhibit genes unequal biological of | Across all kingdoms of biological life, protein-coding genes exhibit unequal usage of synonmous codons. | 178 |
to one describes viz. model genetic The study scenario, present population explore specific a minimal | The present study describes a minimal population genetic model to explore one specific scenario, viz. | 179 |
are Possible these for discussed. reasons effects | Possible reasons for these effects are discussed. | 180 |
heterogeneous beat of The intermittent. were dynamics cells single cardiac and | The beat dynamics of single cardiac cells were heterogeneous and intermittent. | 181 |
power-law regime. in intervals The were interbeat distributed long-time a (IBIs) | The interbeat intervals (IBIs) were power-law distributed in a long-time regime. | 182 |
nucleotide is repeat by the describe telomerase. model to processivity presented A addition and the | A model is presented to describe the nucleotide and repeat addition processivity by the telomerase. | 183 |
processes in that vertebrates processing to found similar in with Hormonal enzymatic along occur annelids. | Hormonal processes along with enzymatic processing similar to that found in vertebrates occur in annelids. | 184 |
ones than exert annelids the in function physiological in found vertebrates. Furthermore, these neuropeptides similar | Furthermore, these neuropeptides exert similar physiological function in annelids than the ones found in vertebrates. | 185 |
or to been in specific neuropeptides also invertebrates some these animals. have annelids Nevertheless, | Nevertheless, some specific neuropeptides to annelids or invertebrates have also been in these animals. | 186 |
on our discussion about based symmetry results A breaking is and brief also learning presented. | A brief discussion about learning and symmetry breaking based on our results is also presented. | 187 |
signal and are pathways transduction in both ubiquitous cells. prokaryotic eukaryotic Push-pull networks in | Push-pull networks are ubiquitous in signal transduction pathways in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. | 188 |
signals allow mechanism zero-order amplify to cells the They of via strongly ultrasensitivity. | They allow cells to strongly amplify signals via the mechanism of zero-order ultrasensitivity. | 189 |
These the cytoplasm. distributed uniformly often are in enzymes | These enzymes are often uniformly distributed in the cytoplasm. | 190 |
how predictions could We discuss experimentally. tested be our | We discuss how our predictions could be tested experimentally. | 191 |
networks Semantic as for systems. promising serve a general-purpose modeling complex substrate | Semantic networks serve as a promising general-purpose modeling substrate for complex systems. | 192 |
semantic large-scale now and models. to standardized support formats are available practical, tools network Various | Various standardized formats and tools are now available to support practical, large-scale semantic network models. | 193 |
the Second, triple-stores recent introduction performant of highly (i.e. | Second, the recent introduction of highly performant triple-stores (i.e. | 194 |
the over ages. Moreover, specific of co-evolutionary and to feature belong modules half evolutionary exhibit | Moreover, over half of the modules exhibit co-evolutionary feature and belong to specific evolutionary ages. | 195 |
modules modules do. faster and Peripheral to cohesively evolve than core tend more | Peripheral modules tend to evolve more cohesively and faster than core modules do. | 196 |
denote $qe$ We them $qe$-operators, "qualitative-enriched" for operators. standing | We denote them $qe$-operators, $qe$ standing for "qualitative-enriched" operators. | 197 |
in are this also justified in paper. details $q$-operators | $q$-operators are also justified in details in this paper. | 198 |
correlation times. from often Monte long sampling suffer Carlo methods | Monte Carlo sampling methods often suffer from long correlation times. | 199 |